tokens
list | idx
int64 0
880k
| text
stringlengths 155
866
| cluster
int64 0
3k
|
|---|---|---|---|
[
"\"",
"–",
"on",
"numerous",
"posthumous",
"compilations",
",",
"including",
"the",
"john",
"lennon",
"collection",
"(",
"1982",
")",
",",
"the",
"lennon",
"box",
"set",
"(",
"1990",
")",
",",
"lennon",
"legend",
"(",
"1997",
")",
",",
"working",
"class",
"hero",
":",
"the",
"definitive",
"lennon",
"(",
"2005",
")",
"and",
"power",
"to",
"the",
"people",
":",
"the",
"hits",
"(",
"2010",
")",
".",
"\"",
"who",
"has",
"seen",
"the",
"wind",
"?",
"\"",
"appeared",
"as",
"a",
"bonus",
"track",
"on",
"the",
"1997",
"ry",
"##ko",
"##dis",
"##c",
"reissue",
"of",
"the",
"couple",
"'",
"s",
"third",
"album",
"of",
"experimental",
"music",
",",
"wedding",
"album",
"(",
"1969",
")",
".",
"lennon",
"played",
"\"",
"instant",
"karma",
"!",
"\"",
"at",
"his",
"last",
"full",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"length",
"concert",
"performance",
"–",
"the",
"one",
"to",
"one",
"benefit",
"shows",
"held",
"at",
"madison",
"square",
"garden",
",",
"new",
"york",
",",
"on",
"30",
"august",
"1972",
"."
] | 879,500 |
" – on numerous posthumous compilations, including the john lennon collection ( 1982 ), the lennon box set ( 1990 ), lennon legend ( 1997 ), working class hero : the definitive lennon ( 2005 ) and power to the people : the hits ( 2010 ). " who has seen the wind? " appeared as a bonus track on the 1997 rykodisc reissue of the couple's third album of experimental music, wedding album ( 1969 ). lennon played " instant karma! " at his last full @ - @ length concert performance – the one to one benefit shows held at madison square garden, new york, on 30 august 1972.
| 2,780 |
[
"his",
"backing",
"band",
"comprised",
"the",
"group",
"elephant",
"'",
"s",
"memory",
",",
"in",
"addition",
"to",
"ono",
"and",
"drummer",
"jim",
"ke",
"##lt",
"##ner",
".",
"the",
"1986",
"album",
"and",
"video",
"live",
"in",
"new",
"york",
"city",
"contains",
"the",
"afternoon",
"performance",
"of",
"the",
"song",
".",
"in",
"july",
"1992",
",",
"\"",
"instant",
"karma",
"!",
"\"",
"was",
"re",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"released",
"as",
"a",
"single",
"in",
"the",
"netherlands",
",",
"backed",
"by",
"\"",
"oh",
"my",
"love",
"\"",
".",
"originally",
",",
"copies",
"of",
"it",
"were",
"given",
"away",
"with",
"early",
"editions",
"of",
"the",
"john",
"lennon",
"video",
"collection",
".",
"when",
"released",
"in",
"the",
"rest",
"of",
"europe",
"(",
"barr",
"##ing",
"the",
"uk",
")",
",",
"this",
"single",
"reissue",
"gained",
"two",
"extra",
"b",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"sides",
":",
"\"",
"mother",
"\"",
"and",
"\"",
"bless",
"you",
"\"",
".",
"of",
"the",
"two",
"1970",
"top"
] | 879,501 |
his backing band comprised the group elephant's memory, in addition to ono and drummer jim keltner. the 1986 album and video live in new york city contains the afternoon performance of the song. in july 1992, " instant karma! " was re @ - @ released as a single in the netherlands, backed by " oh my love ". originally, copies of it were given away with early editions of the john lennon video collection. when released in the rest of europe ( barring the uk ), this single reissue gained two extra b @ - @ sides : " mother " and " bless you ". of the two 1970 top
| 2,755 |
[
"of",
"the",
"pops",
"performances",
",",
"the",
"\"",
"cue",
"card",
"\"",
"version",
"appeared",
"on",
"the",
"john",
"lennon",
"video",
"collection",
"in",
"october",
"1992",
",",
"while",
"the",
"\"",
"knitting",
"\"",
"performance",
"was",
"remixed",
"and",
"extended",
"for",
"release",
"on",
"the",
"lennon",
"legend",
"dvd",
"(",
"2003",
")",
".",
"the",
"\"",
"knitting",
"\"",
"version",
"was",
"also",
"included",
"on",
"the",
"2003",
"uk",
"single",
"\"",
"happy",
"x",
"##mas",
"(",
"war",
"is",
"over",
")",
"\"",
",",
"released",
"on",
"8",
"december",
"that",
"year",
".",
"=",
"=",
"cover",
"versions",
"and",
"cultural",
"references",
"=",
"=",
"artists",
"who",
"have",
"covered",
"\"",
"instant",
"karma",
"!",
"\"",
"include",
"toad",
"the",
"wet",
"sp",
"##rock",
"##et",
",",
"paul",
"well",
"##er",
",",
"duran",
"duran",
",",
"tate",
"##r",
"to",
"##tz",
"with",
"cher",
"##ie",
"currie",
"and",
"to",
"##ki",
"##o",
"hotel",
".",
"in",
"2007",
",",
"the",
"song",
"provided",
"the"
] | 879,502 |
of the pops performances, the " cue card " version appeared on the john lennon video collection in october 1992, while the " knitting " performance was remixed and extended for release on the lennon legend dvd ( 2003 ). the " knitting " version was also included on the 2003 uk single " happy xmas ( war is over ) ", released on 8 december that year. = = cover versions and cultural references = = artists who have covered " instant karma! " include toad the wet sprocket, paul weller, duran duran, tater totz with cherie currie and tokio hotel. in 2007, the song provided the
| 2,747 |
[
"title",
"for",
"amnesty",
"international",
"'",
"s",
"multi",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"artist",
"compilation",
"of",
"lennon",
"compositions",
",",
"instant",
"karma",
":",
"the",
"amnesty",
"international",
"campaign",
"to",
"save",
"dar",
"##fur",
",",
"for",
"which",
"u2",
"recorded",
"a",
"cover",
"version",
".",
"the",
"title",
"of",
"stephen",
"king",
"'",
"s",
"horror",
"novel",
"the",
"shining",
"(",
"1977",
")",
"came",
"from",
"lennon",
"'",
"s",
"line",
"\"",
"we",
"all",
"shine",
"on",
"…",
"\"",
"king",
"has",
"said",
"that",
"he",
"was",
"going",
"to",
"call",
"the",
"book",
"the",
"shine",
",",
"before",
"realising",
"that",
"\"",
"shine",
"\"",
"had",
"been",
"used",
"as",
"a",
"der",
"##oga",
"##tory",
"term",
"for",
"black",
"people",
".",
"in",
"1988",
",",
"ono",
"allowed",
"the",
"foot",
"##wear",
"and",
"apparel",
"company",
"nike",
"to",
"feature",
"\"",
"instant",
"karma",
"!",
"\"",
"in",
"an",
"advertising",
"campaign",
",",
"after",
"a",
"public",
"out",
"##cr",
"##y",
"the",
"previous"
] | 879,503 |
title for amnesty international's multi @ - @ artist compilation of lennon compositions, instant karma : the amnesty international campaign to save darfur, for which u2 recorded a cover version. the title of stephen king's horror novel the shining ( 1977 ) came from lennon's line " we all shine on … " king has said that he was going to call the book the shine, before realising that " shine " had been used as a derogatory term for black people. in 1988, ono allowed the footwear and apparel company nike to feature " instant karma! " in an advertising campaign, after a public outcry the previous
| 2,331 |
[
"year",
"had",
"forced",
"her",
"to",
"withdraw",
"permission",
"for",
"the",
"use",
"of",
"lennon",
"'",
"s",
"beatles",
"composition",
"\"",
"revolution",
"\"",
".",
"instant",
"karma",
"records",
"was",
"named",
"after",
"the",
"song",
",",
"and",
"the",
"flaming",
"lips",
"recorded",
"their",
"track",
"\"",
"i",
"don",
"'",
"t",
"understand",
"karma",
"\"",
"in",
"2009",
"as",
"a",
"reply",
"to",
"\"",
"instant",
"karma",
"!",
"\"",
"=",
"=",
"personnel",
"=",
"=",
"the",
"following",
"musicians",
"contributed",
"to",
"the",
"recording",
"of",
"\"",
"instant",
"karma",
"!",
"\"",
":",
"john",
"lennon",
"–",
"lead",
"vocals",
",",
"acoustic",
"guitar",
",",
"piano",
",",
"backing",
"vocals",
"george",
"harrison",
"–",
"electric",
"guitar",
",",
"piano",
",",
"backing",
"vocals",
"klaus",
"vo",
"##or",
"##mann",
"–",
"bass",
"guitar",
",",
"electric",
"piano",
",",
"backing",
"vocals",
"alan",
"white",
"–",
"drums",
",",
"piano",
",",
"backing",
"vocals",
"billy",
"preston",
"–",
"organ",
",",
"backing",
"vocals",
"yoko",
"ono"
] | 879,504 |
year had forced her to withdraw permission for the use of lennon's beatles composition " revolution ". instant karma records was named after the song, and the flaming lips recorded their track " i don't understand karma " in 2009 as a reply to " instant karma! " = = personnel = = the following musicians contributed to the recording of " instant karma! " : john lennon – lead vocals, acoustic guitar, piano, backing vocals george harrison – electric guitar, piano, backing vocals klaus voormann – bass guitar, electric piano, backing vocals alan white – drums, piano, backing vocals billy preston – organ, backing vocals yoko ono
| 2,842 |
[
"–",
"backing",
"vocals",
"mal",
"evans",
"–",
"chi",
"##mes",
",",
"hand",
"##cl",
"##ap",
"##s",
",",
"backing",
"vocals",
"uncredited",
"–",
"tam",
"##bour",
"##ine",
"allen",
"klein",
"and",
"several",
"dozen",
"rev",
"##eller",
"##s",
"from",
"london",
"'",
"s",
"hatch",
"##ett",
"club",
"–",
"backing",
"vocals",
"=",
"=",
"charts",
"and",
"certification",
"##s",
"=",
"=",
"=",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"=",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
",",
"formerly",
"tan",
"##jo",
"##re",
",",
"is",
"a",
"city",
"in",
"the",
"south",
"indian",
"state",
"of",
"tamil",
"nadu",
".",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"is",
"an",
"important",
"center",
"of",
"south",
"indian",
"religion",
",",
"art",
",",
"and",
"architecture",
".",
"most",
"of",
"the",
"great",
"living",
"cho",
"##la",
"temples",
",",
"which",
"are",
"unesco",
"world",
"heritage",
"monuments",
",",
"are",
"located",
"in",
"and",
"around",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
".",
"the",
"foremost",
"among",
"these",
",",
"the",
"br",
"##ih",
"##ade"
] | 879,505 |
– backing vocals mal evans – chimes, handclaps, backing vocals uncredited – tambourine allen klein and several dozen revellers from london's hatchett club – backing vocals = = charts and certifications = = = thanjavur = thanjavur, formerly tanjore, is a city in the south indian state of tamil nadu. thanjavur is an important center of south indian religion, art, and architecture. most of the great living chola temples, which are unesco world heritage monuments, are located in and around thanjavur. the foremost among these, the brihade
| 2,889 |
[
"##es",
"##wara",
"temple",
",",
"is",
"located",
"in",
"the",
"centre",
"of",
"the",
"city",
".",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"is",
"also",
"home",
"to",
"tan",
"##jo",
"##re",
"painting",
",",
"a",
"painting",
"style",
"unique",
"to",
"the",
"region",
".",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"is",
"the",
"headquarters",
"of",
"the",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"district",
".",
"the",
"city",
"is",
"an",
"important",
"agricultural",
"centre",
"located",
"in",
"the",
"ca",
"##uve",
"##ry",
"delta",
"and",
"is",
"known",
"as",
"the",
"\"",
"rice",
"bowl",
"of",
"tamil",
"nadu",
"\"",
".",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"is",
"administered",
"by",
"a",
"municipal",
"corporation",
"covering",
"an",
"area",
"of",
"36",
"@",
".",
"@",
"33",
"km",
"##2",
"(",
"14",
"@",
".",
"@",
"03",
"sq",
"mi",
")",
"and",
"had",
"a",
"population",
"of",
"222",
"@",
",",
"@",
"94",
"##3",
"in",
"2011",
".",
"roadway",
"##s",
"are",
"the",
"major",
"means",
"of",
"transportation"
] | 879,506 |
##eswara temple, is located in the centre of the city. thanjavur is also home to tanjore painting, a painting style unique to the region. thanjavur is the headquarters of the thanjavur district. the city is an important agricultural centre located in the cauvery delta and is known as the " rice bowl of tamil nadu ". thanjavur is administered by a municipal corporation covering an area of 36 @. @ 33 km2 ( 14 @. @ 03 sq mi ) and had a population of 222 @, @ 943 in 2011. roadways are the major means of transportation
| 38 |
[
",",
"while",
"the",
"city",
"also",
"has",
"rail",
"connectivity",
".",
"the",
"nearest",
"airport",
"is",
"ti",
"##ru",
"##chi",
"##ra",
"##pal",
"##li",
"international",
"airport",
",",
"located",
"59",
"@",
".",
"@",
"6",
"km",
"(",
"37",
"@",
".",
"@",
"0",
"mi",
")",
"away",
"from",
"the",
"city",
".",
"the",
"nearest",
"sea",
"##port",
"is",
"kara",
"##ika",
"##l",
"port",
",",
"which",
"is",
"94",
"km",
"(",
"58",
"mi",
")",
"away",
"from",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
".",
"scholars",
"believe",
"the",
"name",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"is",
"derived",
"from",
"tan",
"##jan",
",",
"a",
"legendary",
"demon",
"in",
"hindu",
"mythology",
".",
"while",
"the",
"early",
"history",
"of",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"remains",
"unclear",
",",
"the",
"city",
"first",
"rose",
"to",
"prominence",
"during",
"the",
"reign",
"of",
"medieval",
"cho",
"##las",
"when",
"it",
"served",
"as",
"the",
"capital",
"of",
"the",
"empire",
".",
"after",
"the",
"fall",
"of",
"cho"
] | 879,507 |
, while the city also has rail connectivity. the nearest airport is tiruchirapalli international airport, located 59 @. @ 6 km ( 37 @. @ 0 mi ) away from the city. the nearest seaport is karaikal port, which is 94 km ( 58 mi ) away from thanjavur. scholars believe the name thanjavur is derived from tanjan, a legendary demon in hindu mythology. while the early history of thanjavur remains unclear, the city first rose to prominence during the reign of medieval cholas when it served as the capital of the empire. after the fall of cho
| 1,052 |
[
"##las",
",",
"the",
"city",
"was",
"ruled",
"by",
"various",
"dynasties",
"like",
"pan",
"##dya",
"##s",
",",
"vijay",
"##ana",
"##gar",
"empire",
",",
"mad",
"##urai",
"nay",
"##aks",
",",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"nay",
"##aks",
",",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"mara",
"##tha",
"##s",
"and",
"the",
"british",
"empire",
".",
"it",
"has",
"been",
"a",
"part",
"of",
"independent",
"india",
"since",
"1947",
".",
"according",
"to",
"local",
"legend",
",",
"the",
"word",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"is",
"derived",
"from",
"\"",
"tan",
"##jan",
"\"",
",",
"an",
"as",
"##ura",
"(",
"giant",
")",
"in",
"hindu",
"mythology",
"who",
"was",
"killed",
"in",
"what",
"is",
"now",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"by",
"the",
"hindu",
"god",
"nee",
"##lam",
"##eg",
"##ha",
"peru",
"##mal",
",",
"a",
"form",
"of",
"vishnu",
".",
"the",
"word",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"is",
"indeed",
"a",
"tamil",
"name",
".",
"\"",
"than",
"\"",
"-",
"cold",
",",
"\""
] | 879,508 |
##las, the city was ruled by various dynasties like pandyas, vijayanagar empire, madurai nayaks, thanjavur nayaks, thanjavur marathas and the british empire. it has been a part of independent india since 1947. according to local legend, the word thanjavur is derived from " tanjan ", an asura ( giant ) in hindu mythology who was killed in what is now thanjavur by the hindu god neelamegha perumal, a form of vishnu. the word thanjavur is indeed a tamil name. " than " - cold, "
| 2,609 |
[
"che",
"##i",
"\"",
"-",
"farmland",
",",
"\"",
"ur",
"\"",
"-",
"city",
",",
"a",
"city",
"surrounded",
"by",
"cold",
"farmland",
"##s",
".",
"the",
"word",
"\"",
"than",
"##che",
"##iu",
"##r",
"\"",
"has",
"become",
"\"",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"\"",
"there",
"are",
"no",
"references",
"to",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"in",
"any",
"of",
"the",
"sang",
"##am",
"period",
"(",
"third",
"century",
"bc",
"to",
"fourth",
"century",
"ad",
")",
"tamil",
"records",
",",
"though",
"some",
"scholars",
"believe",
"that",
"the",
"city",
"has",
"existed",
"since",
"that",
"time",
".",
"ko",
"##vil",
"ve",
"##nni",
",",
"situated",
"15",
"miles",
"(",
"24",
"km",
")",
"to",
"the",
"east",
"of",
"the",
"city",
",",
"was",
"the",
"site",
"of",
"the",
"battle",
"of",
"ve",
"##nni",
"between",
"the",
"cho",
"##la",
"king",
"kari",
"##kala",
"and",
"a",
"confederacy",
"of",
"the",
"cher",
"##as",
"and",
"the",
"pan",
"##dya",
"##s",
".",
"the",
"cho",
"##las"
] | 879,509 |
chei " - farmland, " ur " - city, a city surrounded by cold farmlands. the word " thancheiur " has become " thanjavur " there are no references to thanjavur in any of the sangam period ( third century bc to fourth century ad ) tamil records, though some scholars believe that the city has existed since that time. kovil venni, situated 15 miles ( 24 km ) to the east of the city, was the site of the battle of venni between the chola king karikala and a confederacy of the cheras and the pandyas. the cholas
| 1,012 |
[
"seemed",
"to",
"have",
"faced",
"an",
"invasion",
"of",
"the",
"kala",
"##bh",
"##ras",
"in",
"the",
"third",
"century",
"ad",
"after",
"which",
"the",
"kingdom",
"faded",
"into",
"ob",
"##scu",
"##rity",
".",
"the",
"region",
"around",
"present",
"day",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"was",
"conquered",
"by",
"the",
"mu",
"##tha",
"##raya",
"##rs",
"during",
"sixth",
"century",
",",
"who",
"ruled",
"it",
"up",
"to",
"84",
"##9",
".",
"the",
"cho",
"##las",
"came",
"to",
"prominence",
"once",
"more",
"through",
"the",
"rise",
"of",
"the",
"medieval",
"cho",
"##la",
"monarch",
"vijay",
"##ala",
"##ya",
"(",
"84",
"##1",
"–",
"87",
"##8",
")",
"in",
"about",
"850",
".",
"vijay",
"##ala",
"##ya",
"conquered",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"from",
"the",
"mu",
"##tha",
"##raya",
"##r",
"king",
"el",
"##ango",
"mu",
"##tha",
"##raya",
"##r",
"and",
"built",
"a",
"temple",
"dedicated",
"to",
"hindu",
"goddess",
"ni",
"##sum",
"##bha",
"##su",
"##dan",
"##i",
".",
"his",
"son",
"adi",
"##tya",
"i",
"("
] | 879,510 |
seemed to have faced an invasion of the kalabhras in the third century ad after which the kingdom faded into obscurity. the region around present day thanjavur was conquered by the mutharayars during sixth century, who ruled it up to 849. the cholas came to prominence once more through the rise of the medieval chola monarch vijayalaya ( 841 – 878 ) in about 850. vijayalaya conquered thanjavur from the mutharayar king elango mutharayar and built a temple dedicated to hindu goddess nisumbhasudani. his son aditya i (
| 1,006 |
[
"87",
"##1",
"–",
"90",
"##1",
")",
"consolidated",
"the",
"hold",
"over",
"the",
"city",
".",
"the",
"rash",
"##tra",
"##ku",
"##ta",
"king",
"krishna",
"ii",
"(",
"87",
"##8",
"–",
"91",
"##4",
")",
",",
"a",
"contemporary",
"of",
"the",
"cho",
"##la",
"king",
"para",
"##nta",
"##ka",
"i",
"(",
"90",
"##7",
"–",
"950",
")",
",",
"claims",
"to",
"have",
"conquered",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
",",
"but",
"there",
"are",
"no",
"records",
"to",
"support",
"the",
"claim",
".",
"gradually",
",",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"became",
"the",
"most",
"important",
"city",
"in",
"the",
"cho",
"##la",
"empire",
"and",
"remained",
"its",
"capital",
"till",
"the",
"emergence",
"of",
"ganga",
"##iko",
"##nda",
"cho",
"##la",
"##puram",
"in",
"about",
"102",
"##5",
".",
"during",
"the",
"first",
"decade",
"of",
"the",
"eleventh",
"century",
",",
"the",
"cho",
"##la",
"king",
"raja",
"raja",
"cho",
"##la",
"i",
"(",
"98",
"##5",
"–",
"101",
"##4",
")",
"constructed",
"the"
] | 879,511 |
871 – 901 ) consolidated the hold over the city. the rashtrakuta king krishna ii ( 878 – 914 ), a contemporary of the chola king parantaka i ( 907 – 950 ), claims to have conquered thanjavur, but there are no records to support the claim. gradually, thanjavur became the most important city in the chola empire and remained its capital till the emergence of gangaikonda cholapuram in about 1025. during the first decade of the eleventh century, the chola king raja raja chola i ( 985 – 1014 ) constructed the
| 203 |
[
"br",
"##ih",
"##ade",
"##es",
"##wara",
"##r",
"temple",
"at",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
".",
"the",
"temple",
"is",
"considered",
"to",
"be",
"one",
"of",
"the",
"best",
"specimens",
"of",
"south",
"indian",
"temple",
"architecture",
".",
"when",
"the",
"cho",
"##la",
"empire",
"began",
"to",
"decline",
"in",
"the",
"13th",
"century",
",",
"the",
"pan",
"##dya",
"##s",
"from",
"the",
"south",
"invaded",
"and",
"captured",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"twice",
",",
"first",
"during",
"121",
"##8",
"–",
"19",
"and",
"then",
"during",
"123",
"##0",
".",
"during",
"the",
"second",
"invasion",
",",
"the",
"cho",
"##la",
"king",
"raja",
"##raj",
"##a",
"iii",
"(",
"121",
"##6",
"–",
"56",
")",
"was",
"set",
"in",
"exile",
"and",
"he",
"sought",
"the",
"help",
"of",
"the",
"ho",
"##ys",
"##ala",
"king",
"vi",
"##ra",
"nara",
"##si",
"##m",
"##ha",
"ii",
"(",
"122",
"##0",
"–",
"35",
")",
"to",
"regain",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
".",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu"
] | 879,512 |
brihadeeswarar temple at thanjavur. the temple is considered to be one of the best specimens of south indian temple architecture. when the chola empire began to decline in the 13th century, the pandyas from the south invaded and captured thanjavur twice, first during 1218 – 19 and then during 1230. during the second invasion, the chola king rajaraja iii ( 1216 – 56 ) was set in exile and he sought the help of the hoysala king vira narasimha ii ( 1220 – 35 ) to regain thanjavur. thanjavu
| 1,008 |
[
"##r",
"was",
"eventually",
"annexed",
"along",
"with",
"the",
"rest",
"of",
"the",
"cho",
"##la",
"kingdom",
"by",
"the",
"pan",
"##dya",
"king",
"mara",
"##var",
"##man",
"ku",
"##lase",
"##kara",
"pan",
"##dya",
"##n",
"i",
"(",
"126",
"##8",
"–",
"130",
"##8",
")",
"in",
"127",
"##9",
"and",
"the",
"cho",
"##la",
"kings",
"were",
"forced",
"to",
"accept",
"the",
"su",
"##zer",
"##aint",
"##y",
"of",
"the",
"pan",
"##dya",
"##s",
".",
"the",
"pan",
"##dya",
"##s",
"ruled",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"from",
"127",
"##9",
"to",
"131",
"##1",
"when",
"their",
"kingdom",
"was",
"raided",
"and",
"annexed",
"by",
"the",
"forces",
"of",
"malik",
"ka",
"##fur",
"(",
"129",
"##6",
"–",
"130",
"##6",
")",
"and",
"delhi",
"sultanate",
".",
"the",
"sultanate",
"extended",
"its",
"authority",
"directly",
"over",
"the",
"conquered",
"regions",
"from",
"131",
"##1",
"to",
"133",
"##5",
"and",
"then",
"through",
"the",
"semi",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"independent",
"ma",
"'",
"bar",
"sultanate",
"from"
] | 879,513 |
##r was eventually annexed along with the rest of the chola kingdom by the pandya king maravarman kulasekara pandyan i ( 1268 – 1308 ) in 1279 and the chola kings were forced to accept the suzerainty of the pandyas. the pandyas ruled thanjavur from 1279 to 1311 when their kingdom was raided and annexed by the forces of malik kafur ( 1296 – 1306 ) and delhi sultanate. the sultanate extended its authority directly over the conquered regions from 1311 to 1335 and then through the semi @ - @ independent ma'bar sultanate from
| 913 |
[
"133",
"##5",
"to",
"137",
"##8",
".",
"starting",
"from",
"the",
"135",
"##0s",
",",
"the",
"ma",
"'",
"bar",
"sultanate",
"was",
"steadily",
"absorbed",
"into",
"the",
"rising",
"vijay",
"##ana",
"##gar",
"empire",
".",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"is",
"believed",
"to",
"have",
"been",
"conquered",
"by",
"kam",
"##pan",
"##na",
"ud",
"##aya",
"##r",
"during",
"his",
"invasion",
"of",
"sri",
"##rang",
"##am",
"between",
"136",
"##5",
"and",
"137",
"##1",
".",
"dev",
"##a",
"ray",
"##a",
"'",
"s",
"inscription",
"dated",
"144",
"##3",
",",
"th",
"##ir",
"##uma",
"##la",
"'",
"s",
"inscription",
"dated",
"145",
"##5",
"and",
"ac",
"##hu",
"##ta",
"dev",
"##a",
"'",
"s",
"land",
"grants",
"dated",
"153",
"##2",
"and",
"153",
"##9",
"at",
"##test",
"vijay",
"##ana",
"##gar",
"'",
"s",
"dominance",
"over",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
".",
"se",
"##va",
"##ppa",
"nay",
"##ak",
"(",
"153",
"##2",
"–",
"80",
")",
",",
"the",
"vijay",
"##ana",
"##gar",
"viceroy",
"of"
] | 879,514 |
1335 to 1378. starting from the 1350s, the ma'bar sultanate was steadily absorbed into the rising vijayanagar empire. thanjavur is believed to have been conquered by kampanna udayar during his invasion of srirangam between 1365 and 1371. deva raya's inscription dated 1443, thirumala's inscription dated 1455 and achuta deva's land grants dated 1532 and 1539 attest vijayanagar's dominance over thanjavur. sevappa nayak ( 1532 – 80 ), the vijayanagar viceroy of
| 72 |
[
"arc",
"##ot",
",",
"established",
"himself",
"as",
"an",
"independent",
"monarch",
"in",
"153",
"##2",
"(",
"154",
"##9",
",",
"according",
"to",
"some",
"sources",
")",
"and",
"founded",
"the",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"nay",
"##ak",
"kingdom",
".",
"ac",
"##hu",
"##tha",
"##ppa",
"nay",
"##ak",
"(",
"1560",
"–",
"161",
"##4",
")",
",",
"rag",
"##hun",
"##ath",
"##a",
"nay",
"##ak",
"(",
"1600",
"–",
"34",
")",
"and",
"vijay",
"##a",
"rag",
"##ha",
"##va",
"nay",
"##ak",
"(",
"1634",
"–",
"73",
")",
"are",
"some",
"of",
"the",
"important",
"rulers",
"of",
"the",
"nay",
"##ak",
"dynasty",
"who",
"ruled",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
".",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"nay",
"##aks",
"were",
"notable",
"for",
"their",
"patronage",
"of",
"literature",
"and",
"arts",
".",
"the",
"rule",
"of",
"the",
"dynasty",
"came",
"to",
"an",
"end",
"when",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"fell",
"to",
"the",
"mad",
"##urai",
"nay",
"##ak",
"king",
"cho",
"##kka",
"##nath"
] | 879,515 |
arcot, established himself as an independent monarch in 1532 ( 1549, according to some sources ) and founded the thanjavur nayak kingdom. achuthappa nayak ( 1560 – 1614 ), raghunatha nayak ( 1600 – 34 ) and vijaya raghava nayak ( 1634 – 73 ) are some of the important rulers of the nayak dynasty who ruled thanjavur. thanjavur nayaks were notable for their patronage of literature and arts. the rule of the dynasty came to an end when thanjavur fell to the madurai nayak king chokkanath
| 899 |
[
"##a",
"nay",
"##ak",
"(",
"1662",
"–",
"82",
")",
"in",
"167",
"##3",
".",
"vijay",
"##a",
"rag",
"##hun",
"##ath",
"##a",
"nay",
"##ak",
",",
"the",
"son",
"of",
"cho",
"##kka",
"##nath",
"##a",
",",
"was",
"killed",
"in",
"a",
"battle",
"and",
"cho",
"##kka",
"##nath",
"##a",
"'",
"s",
"brother",
"ala",
"##giri",
"nay",
"##ak",
"(",
"167",
"##3",
"–",
"75",
")",
"was",
"crowned",
"as",
"the",
"ruler",
"of",
"the",
"empire",
".",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"was",
"successfully",
"conquered",
"in",
"167",
"##4",
"by",
"ek",
"##oj",
"##i",
"i",
"(",
"1675",
"–",
"84",
")",
",",
"the",
"mara",
"##tha",
"feud",
"##atory",
"of",
"the",
"sultan",
"of",
"bi",
"##ja",
"##pur",
"and",
"half",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"brother",
"of",
"shiva",
"##ji",
"(",
"162",
"##7",
"/",
"30",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"80",
")",
"of",
"the",
"b",
"##hon",
"##sle",
"dynasty",
".",
"ek",
"##oj",
"##i",
"founded",
"the",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu"
] | 879,516 |
##a nayak ( 1662 – 82 ) in 1673. vijaya raghunatha nayak, the son of chokkanatha, was killed in a battle and chokkanatha's brother alagiri nayak ( 1673 – 75 ) was crowned as the ruler of the empire. thanjavur was successfully conquered in 1674 by ekoji i ( 1675 – 84 ), the maratha feudatory of the sultan of bijapur and half @ - @ brother of shivaji ( 1627 / 30 @ - @ 80 ) of the bhonsle dynasty. ekoji founded the thanjavu
| 899 |
[
"##r",
"mara",
"##tha",
"kingdom",
"which",
"ruled",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"till",
"1855",
".",
"the",
"mara",
"##tha",
"##s",
"exercised",
"their",
"sovereignty",
"over",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"throughout",
"the",
"last",
"quarter",
"of",
"the",
"17th",
"and",
"the",
"whole",
"of",
"the",
"18th",
"century",
".",
"the",
"mara",
"##tha",
"rulers",
"patron",
"##ized",
"car",
"##nat",
"##ic",
"music",
".",
"in",
"1787",
",",
"amar",
"singh",
",",
"the",
"regent",
"of",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
",",
"deposed",
"the",
"minor",
"raja",
",",
"his",
"nephew",
"ser",
"##fo",
"##ji",
"ii",
"(",
"1787",
"–",
"93",
")",
"and",
"captured",
"the",
"throne",
".",
"ser",
"##fo",
"##ji",
"ii",
"was",
"restored",
"in",
"1799",
"with",
"the",
"assistance",
"of",
"the",
"british",
",",
"who",
"induced",
"him",
"to",
"re",
"##lin",
"##qui",
"##sh",
"the",
"administration",
"of",
"the",
"kingdom",
"and",
"left",
"him",
"in",
"charge",
"of",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"fort",
"and",
"surrounding",
"areas"
] | 879,517 |
##r maratha kingdom which ruled thanjavur till 1855. the marathas exercised their sovereignty over thanjavur throughout the last quarter of the 17th and the whole of the 18th century. the maratha rulers patronized carnatic music. in 1787, amar singh, the regent of thanjavur, deposed the minor raja, his nephew serfoji ii ( 1787 – 93 ) and captured the throne. serfoji ii was restored in 1799 with the assistance of the british, who induced him to relinquish the administration of the kingdom and left him in charge of thanjavur fort and surrounding areas
| 788 |
[
".",
"the",
"kingdom",
"was",
"eventually",
"absorbed",
"into",
"british",
"india",
"in",
"1855",
"by",
"the",
"doctrine",
"of",
"laps",
"##e",
"when",
"shiva",
"##ji",
"ii",
"(",
"1832",
"–",
"55",
")",
",",
"the",
"last",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"mara",
"##tha",
"ruler",
",",
"died",
"without",
"a",
"legitimate",
"male",
"heir",
".",
"the",
"british",
"referred",
"to",
"the",
"city",
"as",
"tan",
"##jo",
"##re",
"in",
"their",
"records",
".",
"five",
"years",
"after",
"its",
"annexation",
",",
"the",
"british",
"replaced",
"ne",
"##ga",
"##pa",
"##tam",
"(",
"modern",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"day",
"naga",
"##pa",
"##tti",
"##nam",
")",
"with",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"as",
"the",
"seat",
"of",
"the",
"district",
"administration",
".",
"under",
"the",
"british",
",",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"emerged",
"as",
"an",
"important",
"regional",
"centre",
".",
"the",
"1871",
"india",
"census",
"recorded",
"a",
"population",
"of",
"52",
"@",
",",
"@",
"171",
",",
"making",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu"
] | 879,518 |
. the kingdom was eventually absorbed into british india in 1855 by the doctrine of lapse when shivaji ii ( 1832 – 55 ), the last thanjavur maratha ruler, died without a legitimate male heir. the british referred to the city as tanjore in their records. five years after its annexation, the british replaced negapatam ( modern @ - @ day nagapattinam ) with thanjavur as the seat of the district administration. under the british, thanjavur emerged as an important regional centre. the 1871 india census recorded a population of 52 @, @ 171, making thanjavu
| 219 |
[
"##r",
"the",
"third",
"largest",
"city",
"in",
"the",
"madras",
"presidency",
".",
"after",
"india",
"'",
"s",
"independence",
",",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"continued",
"as",
"the",
"district",
"headquarters",
".",
"=",
"=",
"geography",
"and",
"climate",
"=",
"=",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"is",
"located",
"at",
"10",
"@",
".",
"@",
"8",
"°",
"n",
"79",
"@",
".",
"@",
"15",
"°",
"e",
"/",
"10",
"@",
".",
"@",
"8",
";",
"79",
"@",
".",
"@",
"15",
"the",
"tributaries",
"of",
"river",
"ca",
"##uve",
"##ry",
",",
"namely",
",",
"the",
"grand",
"ana",
"##ic",
"##ut",
"canal",
"(",
"pu",
"##dha",
"##aru",
")",
",",
"va",
"##dav",
"##aar",
"##u",
"and",
"ve",
"##nna",
"##aru",
"rivers",
"flow",
"through",
"the",
"city",
".",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"is",
"situated",
"in",
"the",
"ca",
"##uve",
"##ry",
"delta",
",",
"at",
"a",
"distance",
"of",
"314",
"km",
"(",
"195",
"mi",
")",
"south",
"@",
"-"
] | 879,519 |
##r the third largest city in the madras presidency. after india's independence, thanjavur continued as the district headquarters. = = geography and climate = = thanjavur is located at 10 @. @ 8 ° n 79 @. @ 15 ° e / 10 @. @ 8 ; 79 @. @ 15 the tributaries of river cauvery, namely, the grand anaicut canal ( pudhaaru ), vadavaaru and vennaaru rivers flow through the city. thanjavur is situated in the cauvery delta, at a distance of 314 km ( 195 mi ) south @ -
| 47 |
[
"@",
"west",
"of",
"chennai",
"and",
"56",
"km",
"(",
"35",
"mi",
")",
"east",
"of",
"ti",
"##ru",
"##chi",
"##ra",
"##ppa",
"##lli",
".",
"while",
"the",
"plains",
"immediately",
"adjoining",
"the",
"ca",
"##uve",
"##ry",
"river",
"have",
"been",
"under",
"cultivation",
"from",
"time",
"im",
"##me",
"##mori",
"##al",
",",
"most",
"of",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"city",
"and",
"the",
"surrounding",
"areas",
"lie",
"in",
"the",
"\"",
"new",
"delta",
"\"",
"–",
"a",
"dry",
",",
"barren",
"upland",
"tract",
"which",
"has",
"been",
"brought",
"under",
"irrigation",
"during",
"the",
"early",
"19th",
"century",
".",
"to",
"the",
"south",
"of",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"city",
",",
"is",
"the",
"val",
"##lam",
"table",
"##land",
",",
"a",
"small",
"plateau",
"ins",
"##ters",
"##pers",
"##ed",
"at",
"regular",
"intervals",
"by",
"ridges",
"of",
"sandstone",
".",
"the",
"nearest",
"sea",
"##port",
"is",
"naga",
"##pa",
"##tti",
"##nam",
"which",
"is",
"84",
"km",
"(",
"52",
"mi",
")",
"east"
] | 879,520 |
@ west of chennai and 56 km ( 35 mi ) east of tiruchirappalli. while the plains immediately adjoining the cauvery river have been under cultivation from time immemorial, most of thanjavur city and the surrounding areas lie in the " new delta " – a dry, barren upland tract which has been brought under irrigation during the early 19th century. to the south of thanjavur city, is the vallam tableland, a small plateau insterspersed at regular intervals by ridges of sandstone. the nearest seaport is nagapattinam which is 84 km ( 52 mi ) east
| 17 |
[
"of",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
".",
"the",
"nearest",
"airport",
"is",
"ti",
"##ru",
"##chi",
"##ra",
"##pal",
"##li",
"international",
"airport",
",",
"located",
"at",
"a",
"distance",
"of",
"56",
"km",
"(",
"35",
"mi",
")",
".",
"the",
"city",
"has",
"an",
"elevation",
"of",
"57",
"m",
"(",
"187",
"ft",
")",
"above",
"mean",
"sea",
"level",
".",
"the",
"total",
"area",
"of",
"the",
"city",
"is",
"36",
"@",
".",
"@",
"33",
"km",
"##2",
"(",
"14",
"@",
".",
"@",
"03",
"sq",
"mi",
")",
".",
"the",
"period",
"from",
"november",
"to",
"february",
"in",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"is",
"pleasant",
",",
"with",
"a",
"climate",
"full",
"of",
"warm",
"days",
"and",
"cool",
"nights",
".",
"the",
"onset",
"of",
"summer",
"is",
"from",
"march",
",",
"with",
"the",
"mercury",
"reaching",
"its",
"peak",
"by",
"the",
"end",
"of",
"may",
"and",
"june",
".",
"the",
"average",
"temperatures",
"range",
"from",
"81",
"°",
"f",
"("
] | 879,521 |
of thanjavur. the nearest airport is tiruchirapalli international airport, located at a distance of 56 km ( 35 mi ). the city has an elevation of 57 m ( 187 ft ) above mean sea level. the total area of the city is 36 @. @ 33 km2 ( 14 @. @ 03 sq mi ). the period from november to february in thanjavur is pleasant, with a climate full of warm days and cool nights. the onset of summer is from march, with the mercury reaching its peak by the end of may and june. the average temperatures range from 81 ° f (
| 1,482 |
[
"27",
"°",
"c",
")",
"in",
"january",
"to",
"97",
"°",
"f",
"(",
"36",
"°",
"c",
")",
"in",
"may",
"and",
"june",
".",
"summer",
"rains",
"are",
"sparse",
"and",
"the",
"first",
"monsoon",
",",
"the",
"south",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"west",
"monsoon",
",",
"sets",
"in",
"june",
"and",
"continues",
"till",
"september",
".",
"north",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"east",
"monsoon",
"sets",
"in",
"october",
"and",
"continues",
"till",
"january",
".",
"the",
"rainfall",
"during",
"south",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"west",
"monsoon",
"period",
"is",
"much",
"lower",
"than",
"that",
"of",
"north",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"east",
"monsoon",
".",
"north",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"east",
"monsoon",
"is",
"beneficial",
"to",
"the",
"district",
"at",
"large",
"because",
"of",
"the",
"heavy",
"rainfall",
"and",
"the",
"western",
"g",
"##hat",
"##s",
"feeding",
"the",
"river",
"ca",
"##uve",
"##ry",
".",
"the",
"average",
"rainfall",
"is",
"37",
"inches",
"(",
"94",
"##0",
"mm",
")",
",",
"most",
"of",
"which"
] | 879,522 |
27 ° c ) in january to 97 ° f ( 36 ° c ) in may and june. summer rains are sparse and the first monsoon, the south @ - @ west monsoon, sets in june and continues till september. north @ - @ east monsoon sets in october and continues till january. the rainfall during south @ - @ west monsoon period is much lower than that of north @ - @ east monsoon. north @ - @ east monsoon is beneficial to the district at large because of the heavy rainfall and the western ghats feeding the river cauvery. the average rainfall is 37 inches ( 940 mm ), most of which
| 1,887 |
[
"is",
"contributed",
"by",
"the",
"north",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"east",
"monsoon",
".",
"=",
"=",
"tourism",
"and",
"culture",
"=",
"=",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"is",
"an",
"important",
"pilgrim",
"centre",
"and",
"a",
"major",
"tourist",
"destination",
"of",
"tamil",
"nadu",
".",
"south",
"zone",
"culture",
"centre",
"in",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"is",
"one",
"of",
"the",
"regional",
"cultural",
"centres",
"established",
"by",
"the",
"government",
"of",
"india",
"to",
"preserve",
"and",
"promote",
"cultural",
"heritage",
"of",
"india",
".",
"there",
"were",
"2",
"@",
",",
"@",
"00",
"##2",
"@",
",",
"@",
"225",
"indian",
"and",
"81",
"@",
",",
"@",
"435",
"foreign",
"tourist",
"arrivals",
"in",
"2009",
"to",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
".",
"the",
"most",
"visited",
"monument",
"in",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"is",
"the",
"br",
"##ih",
"##ade",
"##es",
"##wara",
"##r",
"temple",
",",
"whose",
"construction",
",",
"the",
"historian",
"percy",
"brown",
"described",
"as",
"\"",
"a",
"landmark"
] | 879,523 |
is contributed by the north @ - @ east monsoon. = = tourism and culture = = thanjavur is an important pilgrim centre and a major tourist destination of tamil nadu. south zone culture centre in thanjavur is one of the regional cultural centres established by the government of india to preserve and promote cultural heritage of india. there were 2 @, @ 002 @, @ 225 indian and 81 @, @ 435 foreign tourist arrivals in 2009 to thanjavur. the most visited monument in thanjavur is the brihadeeswarar temple, whose construction, the historian percy brown described as " a landmark
| 384 |
[
"in",
"the",
"evolution",
"of",
"building",
"art",
"in",
"south",
"india",
"\"",
".",
"built",
"in",
"the",
"11th",
"century",
"by",
"the",
"cho",
"##la",
"king",
"raja",
"raja",
"cho",
"##la",
"i",
"(",
"98",
"##5",
"–",
"101",
"##4",
")",
",",
"the",
"temple",
"is",
"dedicated",
"to",
"the",
"hindu",
"god",
"shiva",
".",
"the",
"walls",
"of",
"the",
"san",
"##ctum",
"are",
"covered",
"with",
"wall",
"paintings",
"from",
"the",
"cho",
"##la",
"and",
"nay",
"##ak",
"periods",
".",
"the",
"temple",
"was",
"designated",
"an",
"unesco",
"world",
"heritage",
"site",
"in",
"1987",
".",
"it",
"is",
"replicate",
"##d",
"in",
"the",
"ganga",
"##iko",
"##nda",
"cho",
"##les",
"##vara",
"##r",
"temple",
"constructed",
"by",
"raja",
"raja",
"'",
"s",
"son",
"raj",
"##endra",
"cho",
"##la",
"i",
"(",
"101",
"##2",
"–",
"44",
")",
".",
"the",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"mara",
"##tha",
"palace",
"was",
"the",
"official",
"residence",
"of",
"the",
"b",
"##hon",
"##sle",
"family",
"who"
] | 879,524 |
in the evolution of building art in south india ". built in the 11th century by the chola king raja raja chola i ( 985 – 1014 ), the temple is dedicated to the hindu god shiva. the walls of the sanctum are covered with wall paintings from the chola and nayak periods. the temple was designated an unesco world heritage site in 1987. it is replicated in the gangaikonda cholesvarar temple constructed by raja raja's son rajendra chola i ( 1012 – 44 ). the thanjavur maratha palace was the official residence of the bhonsle family who
| 1,006 |
[
"ruled",
"over",
"the",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"region",
"from",
"167",
"##4",
"to",
"1855",
".",
"it",
"was",
"originally",
"constructed",
"by",
"the",
"rulers",
"of",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"nay",
"##ak",
"kingdom",
"and",
"after",
"their",
"fall",
",",
"it",
"served",
"as",
"the",
"official",
"residence",
"of",
"the",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"mara",
"##tha",
"##s",
".",
"when",
"most",
"of",
"the",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"mara",
"##tha",
"kingdom",
"was",
"annexed",
"by",
"the",
"british",
"empire",
"in",
"1799",
",",
"the",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"mara",
"##tha",
"##s",
"continued",
"to",
"hold",
"sway",
"over",
"the",
"palace",
"and",
"the",
"surrounding",
"fort",
".",
"the",
"southern",
"side",
"of",
"the",
"third",
"quad",
"##rangle",
"of",
"the",
"palace",
"has",
"190",
"ft",
"(",
"58",
"m",
")",
"tower",
"like",
"building",
",",
"called",
"the",
"good",
"##ago",
"##puram",
".",
"the",
"sara",
"##sw",
"##athi",
"mahal",
"library",
",",
"established",
"around",
"1700"
] | 879,525 |
ruled over the thanjavur region from 1674 to 1855. it was originally constructed by the rulers of thanjavur nayak kingdom and after their fall, it served as the official residence of the thanjavur marathas. when most of the thanjavur maratha kingdom was annexed by the british empire in 1799, the thanjavur marathas continued to hold sway over the palace and the surrounding fort. the southern side of the third quadrangle of the palace has 190 ft ( 58 m ) tower like building, called the goodagopuram. the saraswathi mahal library, established around 1700
| 810 |
[
"and",
"located",
"in",
"the",
"premises",
"of",
"the",
"palace",
",",
"contains",
"over",
"30",
"@",
",",
"@",
"000",
"indian",
"and",
"european",
"manuscripts",
"written",
"on",
"palm",
"leaf",
"and",
"paper",
".",
"over",
"eighty",
"per",
"cent",
"of",
"its",
"manuscripts",
"are",
"in",
"sanskrit",
"and",
"many",
"of",
"them",
"are",
"on",
"palm",
"leaves",
".",
"the",
"tamil",
"works",
"include",
"treatise",
"on",
"medicine",
",",
"and",
"commentaries",
"on",
"sang",
"##am",
"literature",
".",
"the",
"raja",
"##raj",
"##a",
"cho",
"##la",
"art",
"gallery",
"is",
"located",
"inside",
"the",
"palace",
"–",
"it",
"has",
"a",
"large",
"collection",
"of",
"stone",
"and",
"bronze",
"images",
"from",
"the",
"ninth",
"to",
"12th",
"centuries",
".",
"most",
"of",
"the",
"idols",
"present",
"in",
"the",
"gallery",
"were",
"collected",
"from",
"various",
"temples",
"in",
"the",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"district",
".",
"the",
"si",
"##va",
"##gang",
"##a",
"park",
"is",
"situated",
"to",
"the",
"east",
"of",
"the",
"br",
"##ih"
] | 879,526 |
and located in the premises of the palace, contains over 30 @, @ 000 indian and european manuscripts written on palm leaf and paper. over eighty per cent of its manuscripts are in sanskrit and many of them are on palm leaves. the tamil works include treatise on medicine, and commentaries on sangam literature. the rajaraja chola art gallery is located inside the palace – it has a large collection of stone and bronze images from the ninth to 12th centuries. most of the idols present in the gallery were collected from various temples in the thanjavur district. the sivaganga park is situated to the east of the brih
| 927 |
[
"##ade",
"##es",
"##wara",
"##r",
"temple",
"and",
"encompasses",
"the",
"si",
"##va",
"##gang",
"##a",
"tank",
"believed",
"to",
"have",
"been",
"built",
"by",
"the",
"king",
"raja",
"raja",
"cho",
"##la",
".",
"it",
"was",
"created",
"as",
"a",
"people",
"'",
"s",
"park",
"by",
"the",
"tan",
"##jo",
"##re",
"municipality",
"in",
"1871",
"–",
"72",
".",
"it",
"has",
"a",
"collection",
"of",
"plants",
",",
"animals",
"and",
"birds",
"and",
"serves",
"as",
"a",
"zoo",
"for",
"children",
"within",
"the",
"city",
".",
"schwartz",
"church",
",",
"a",
"historic",
"monument",
"located",
"in",
"the",
"palace",
"garden",
",",
"was",
"built",
"in",
"1779",
"by",
"ser",
"##fo",
"##ji",
"ii",
"as",
"a",
"token",
"of",
"affection",
"for",
"rev",
".",
"c",
".",
"v",
".",
"schwartz",
"of",
"the",
"danish",
"mission",
".",
"there",
"are",
"five",
"museums",
"in",
"the",
"city",
"namely",
"archeological",
"museum",
",",
"tamil",
"university",
"museum",
"located",
"with",
"the",
"tamil",
"university",
"premises",
",",
"the"
] | 879,527 |
##adeeswarar temple and encompasses the sivaganga tank believed to have been built by the king raja raja chola. it was created as a people's park by the tanjore municipality in 1871 – 72. it has a collection of plants, animals and birds and serves as a zoo for children within the city. schwartz church, a historic monument located in the palace garden, was built in 1779 by serfoji ii as a token of affection for rev. c. v. schwartz of the danish mission. there are five museums in the city namely archeological museum, tamil university museum located with the tamil university premises, the
| 861 |
[
"sara",
"##sw",
"##athi",
"mahal",
"library",
"museum",
"located",
"inside",
"the",
"sara",
"##sw",
"##athi",
"mahal",
",",
"nay",
"##ak",
"du",
"##rba",
"##r",
"hall",
"art",
"museum",
"and",
"raja",
"##raj",
"##a",
"cho",
"##la",
"museum",
".",
"raja",
"raja",
"##n",
"mani",
"##man",
"##da",
"##pa",
"##m",
"is",
"one",
"of",
"the",
"tourist",
"attractions",
"in",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
",",
"built",
"during",
"the",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"tamil",
"conference",
"in",
"1991",
".",
"\"",
"sang",
"##eet",
"##ha",
"mahal",
"\"",
"has",
"a",
"permanent",
"hand",
"##ic",
"##raf",
"##ts",
"exhibition",
"centre",
".",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"is",
"the",
"cradle",
"for",
"many",
"of",
"the",
"arts",
"and",
"crafts",
"in",
"south",
"india",
".",
"car",
"##nat",
"##ic",
"music",
"was",
"cod",
"##ified",
"in",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"and",
"the",
"art",
"flourished",
"during",
"the",
"nay",
"##ak",
"rule",
"in",
"the",
"16th",
"century",
".",
"b",
"##harat",
"##hana",
"##tya",
"##m",
","
] | 879,528 |
saraswathi mahal library museum located inside the saraswathi mahal, nayak durbar hall art museum and rajaraja chola museum. raja rajan manimandapam is one of the tourist attractions in thanjavur, built during the thanjavur tamil conference in 1991. " sangeetha mahal " has a permanent handicrafts exhibition centre. thanjavur is the cradle for many of the arts and crafts in south india. carnatic music was codified in thanjavur and the art flourished during the nayak rule in the 16th century. bharathanatyam,
| 874 |
[
"a",
"classical",
"dance",
"form",
"of",
"south",
"india",
",",
"had",
"its",
"major",
"styles",
"developed",
"in",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
".",
"sat",
"##haya",
"th",
"##ir",
"##u",
"##vi",
"##zh",
"##a",
"is",
"the",
"annual",
"birthday",
"festival",
"of",
"raja",
"raja",
"cho",
"##la",
"held",
"during",
"october",
"every",
"year",
".",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"is",
"the",
"base",
"for",
"the",
"ty",
"##aga",
"##raj",
"##a",
"ara",
"##dha",
"##na",
",",
"a",
"car",
"##nat",
"##ic",
"music",
"festival",
"held",
"annually",
"during",
"january",
"–",
"february",
"at",
"th",
"##ir",
"##u",
"##va",
"##iya",
"##ru",
",",
"located",
"13",
"km",
"(",
"8",
"@",
".",
"@",
"1",
"mi",
")",
"away",
"from",
"the",
"city",
".",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"painting",
"is",
"a",
"major",
"form",
"of",
"classical",
"south",
"indian",
"painting",
"from",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
".",
"it",
"dates",
"back",
"to",
"about",
"1600",
"##s",
",",
"the",
"period",
"of",
"nay"
] | 879,529 |
a classical dance form of south india, had its major styles developed in thanjavur. sathaya thiruvizha is the annual birthday festival of raja raja chola held during october every year. thanjavur is the base for the tyagaraja aradhana, a carnatic music festival held annually during january – february at thiruvaiyaru, located 13 km ( 8 @. @ 1 mi ) away from the city. thanjavur painting is a major form of classical south indian painting from thanjavur. it dates back to about 1600s, the period of nay
| 2,317 |
[
"##aka",
"##s",
"of",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
",",
"who",
"encouraged",
"art",
",",
"classical",
"dance",
",",
"music",
"literature",
",",
"both",
"in",
"telugu",
"and",
"tamil",
".",
"the",
"art",
"is",
"usually",
"a",
"combination",
"of",
"raised",
"and",
"painted",
"surfaces",
",",
"with",
"the",
"hindu",
"god",
"krishna",
"being",
"the",
"most",
"popular",
"image",
"depicted",
".",
"in",
"modern",
"times",
",",
"these",
"paintings",
"have",
"become",
"so",
"##uven",
"##irs",
"of",
"fest",
"##ive",
"occasions",
"in",
"south",
"india",
",",
"wall",
"decor",
"##s",
",",
"and",
"collectors",
"'",
"items",
"for",
"art",
"lovers",
".",
"the",
"major",
"occupation",
"of",
"the",
"inhabitants",
"of",
"the",
"city",
"is",
"tourism",
"and",
"service",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"oriented",
"industry",
",",
"while",
"the",
"traditional",
"occupation",
"is",
"agriculture",
".",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"is",
"known",
"as",
"the",
"\"",
"rice",
"bowl",
"of",
"tamil",
"nadu",
"\"",
".",
"paddy",
"is",
"the",
"crops",
"and",
"the",
"other"
] | 879,530 |
##akas of thanjavur, who encouraged art, classical dance, music literature, both in telugu and tamil. the art is usually a combination of raised and painted surfaces, with the hindu god krishna being the most popular image depicted. in modern times, these paintings have become souvenirs of festive occasions in south india, wall decors, and collectors'items for art lovers. the major occupation of the inhabitants of the city is tourism and service @ - @ oriented industry, while the traditional occupation is agriculture. thanjavur is known as the " rice bowl of tamil nadu ". paddy is the crops and the other
| 2,624 |
[
"crops",
"grown",
"are",
"black",
"##gram",
",",
"banana",
",",
"coconut",
",",
"gin",
"##gel",
"##ly",
",",
"rag",
"##i",
",",
"red",
"gram",
",",
"green",
"gram",
",",
"sugarcane",
"and",
"maize",
".",
"the",
"total",
"percentage",
"of",
"land",
"fit",
"for",
"cultivation",
"is",
"58",
"%",
".",
"there",
"are",
"three",
"seasons",
"for",
"agriculture",
"in",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"–",
"ku",
"##ru",
"##va",
"##i",
"(",
"june",
"to",
"september",
")",
",",
"samba",
"(",
"august",
"to",
"january",
")",
"and",
"tha",
"##lad",
"##i",
"(",
"september",
",",
"october",
"to",
"february",
",",
"march",
")",
".",
"the",
"total",
"rice",
"production",
"has",
"been",
"maintained",
"at",
"10",
"@",
".",
"@",
"61",
"##5",
"l",
".",
"m",
".",
"t",
"and",
"7",
"@",
".",
"@",
"07",
"##7",
"l",
".",
"m",
".",
"t",
".",
"the",
"city",
"acts",
"as",
"a",
"focal",
"point",
"for",
"food",
"grains",
"transported",
"from",
"the",
"adjoining",
"areas"
] | 879,531 |
crops grown are blackgram, banana, coconut, gingelly, ragi, red gram, green gram, sugarcane and maize. the total percentage of land fit for cultivation is 58 %. there are three seasons for agriculture in thanjavur – kuruvai ( june to september ), samba ( august to january ) and thaladi ( september, october to february, march ). the total rice production has been maintained at 10 @. @ 615 l. m. t and 7 @. @ 077 l. m. t. the city acts as a focal point for food grains transported from the adjoining areas
| 122 |
[
"of",
"the",
"ca",
"##uve",
"##ry",
"delta",
".",
"organic",
"farming",
"is",
"gradually",
"being",
"known",
"to",
"the",
"farmers",
"of",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
".",
"to",
"maxim",
"##ise",
"agricultural",
"produce",
"organic",
"farming",
"is",
"being",
"implemented",
".",
"though",
"agriculture",
"is",
"the",
"main",
"economic",
"activity",
",",
"only",
"7",
"%",
"of",
"the",
"population",
"is",
"involved",
"in",
"it",
".",
"there",
"is",
"a",
"lot",
"of",
"agricultural",
"related",
"trading",
"that",
"forms",
"the",
"key",
"economic",
"activity",
"in",
"the",
"city",
".",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"is",
"an",
"important",
"centre",
"of",
"silk",
"weaving",
"in",
"tamil",
"nadu",
".",
"there",
"were",
"200",
"silk",
"weaving",
"units",
"in",
"the",
"city",
"in",
"1991",
"with",
"around",
"80",
"@",
",",
"@",
"000",
"people",
"working",
"in",
"them",
".",
"the",
"sar",
"##ees",
"produced",
"in",
"the",
"villages",
"surrounding",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"are",
"sold",
"in",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"and"
] | 879,532 |
of the cauvery delta. organic farming is gradually being known to the farmers of thanjavur. to maximise agricultural produce organic farming is being implemented. though agriculture is the main economic activity, only 7 % of the population is involved in it. there is a lot of agricultural related trading that forms the key economic activity in the city. thanjavur is an important centre of silk weaving in tamil nadu. there were 200 silk weaving units in the city in 1991 with around 80 @, @ 000 people working in them. the sarees produced in the villages surrounding thanjavur are sold in thanjavur and
| 675 |
[
"neighbouring",
"towns",
".",
"increasing",
"production",
"costs",
"and",
"competition",
"from",
"large",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"scale",
"producers",
"have",
"reduced",
"the",
"number",
"of",
"people",
"involved",
"in",
"the",
"production",
".",
"the",
"city",
"produces",
"bell",
"metal",
"craft",
"like",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"metal",
"plates",
",",
"bronze",
"images",
"bowls",
",",
"napkin",
"##s",
"and",
"powder",
"boxes",
"made",
"of",
"copper",
"and",
"bronze",
".",
"the",
"city",
"is",
"a",
"major",
"manufacturer",
"of",
"pit",
"##h",
"works",
"consisting",
"of",
"models",
"of",
"hindu",
"idols",
",",
"mosques",
",",
"garland",
"##s",
"and",
"other",
"bird",
"fig",
"##uri",
"##nes",
".",
"manufacture",
"of",
"musical",
"instruments",
"like",
"ve",
"##ena",
",",
"tam",
"##bu",
"##ra",
",",
"violin",
",",
"mri",
"##tham",
"##gam",
",",
"tha",
"##vil",
"and",
"kan",
"##ji",
"##ra",
"is",
"another",
"economic",
"activity",
"in",
"the",
"city",
".",
"all",
"major",
"national",
"##ised",
"banks",
"such",
"as",
"state",
"bank",
"of",
"india",
",",
"indian"
] | 879,533 |
neighbouring towns. increasing production costs and competition from large @ - @ scale producers have reduced the number of people involved in the production. the city produces bell metal craft like thanjavur metal plates, bronze images bowls, napkins and powder boxes made of copper and bronze. the city is a major manufacturer of pith works consisting of models of hindu idols, mosques, garlands and other bird figurines. manufacture of musical instruments like veena, tambura, violin, mrithamgam, thavil and kanjira is another economic activity in the city. all major nationalised banks such as state bank of india, indian
| 1,578 |
[
"bank",
",",
"central",
"bank",
"of",
"india",
",",
"punjab",
"national",
"bank",
",",
"indian",
"overseas",
"bank",
"and",
"private",
"banks",
"like",
"ic",
"##ici",
"bank",
",",
"city",
"union",
"bank",
"have",
"their",
"branches",
"in",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
".",
"all",
"these",
"banks",
"have",
"their",
"automated",
"teller",
"machines",
"located",
"in",
"various",
"parts",
"of",
"the",
"city",
".",
"=",
"=",
"demographics",
"=",
"=",
"according",
"to",
"2011",
"census",
",",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"had",
"a",
"population",
"of",
"222",
"@",
",",
"@",
"94",
"##3",
"with",
"a",
"sex",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"ratio",
"of",
"1",
"@",
",",
"@",
"04",
"##2",
"females",
"for",
"every",
"1",
"@",
",",
"@",
"000",
"males",
",",
"much",
"above",
"the",
"national",
"average",
"of",
"92",
"##9",
".",
"a",
"total",
"of",
"19",
"@",
",",
"@",
"86",
"##0",
"were",
"under",
"the",
"age",
"of",
"six",
",",
"con",
"##stituting",
"10",
"@",
","
] | 879,534 |
bank, central bank of india, punjab national bank, indian overseas bank and private banks like icici bank, city union bank have their branches in thanjavur. all these banks have their automated teller machines located in various parts of the city. = = demographics = = according to 2011 census, thanjavur had a population of 222 @, @ 943 with a sex @ - @ ratio of 1 @, @ 042 females for every 1 @, @ 000 males, much above the national average of 929. a total of 19 @, @ 860 were under the age of six, constituting 10 @,
| 880 |
[
"@",
"237",
"males",
"and",
"9",
"@",
",",
"@",
"62",
"##3",
"females",
".",
"scheduled",
"castes",
"and",
"scheduled",
"tribes",
"accounted",
"for",
"9",
"@",
".",
"@",
"22",
"%",
"and",
".",
"21",
"%",
"of",
"the",
"population",
"respectively",
".",
"the",
"average",
"literacy",
"of",
"the",
"city",
"was",
"83",
"@",
".",
"@",
"14",
"%",
",",
"compared",
"to",
"the",
"national",
"average",
"of",
"72",
"@",
".",
"@",
"99",
"%",
".",
"there",
"were",
"a",
"total",
"of",
"78",
"@",
",",
"@",
"00",
"##5",
"workers",
",",
"comprising",
"80",
"##3",
"cult",
"##iva",
"##tors",
",",
"2",
"@",
",",
"@",
"331",
"main",
"agricultural",
"labourers",
",",
"2",
"@",
",",
"@",
"74",
"##6",
"in",
"house",
"hold",
"industries",
",",
"65",
"@",
",",
"@",
"211",
"other",
"workers",
",",
"6",
"@",
",",
"@",
"91",
"##4",
"marginal",
"workers",
",",
"110",
"marginal",
"cult",
"##iva",
"##tors",
",",
"235",
"marginal",
"agricultural",
"labourers"
] | 879,535 |
@ 237 males and 9 @, @ 623 females. scheduled castes and scheduled tribes accounted for 9 @. @ 22 % and. 21 % of the population respectively. the average literacy of the city was 83 @. @ 14 %, compared to the national average of 72 @. @ 99 %. there were a total of 78 @, @ 005 workers, comprising 803 cultivators, 2 @, @ 331 main agricultural labourers, 2 @, @ 746 in house hold industries, 65 @, @ 211 other workers, 6 @, @ 914 marginal workers, 110 marginal cultivators, 235 marginal agricultural labourers
| 672 |
[
",",
"322",
"marginal",
"workers",
"in",
"household",
"industries",
"and",
"6",
"@",
",",
"@",
"247",
"other",
"marginal",
"workers",
".",
"as",
"per",
"the",
"religious",
"census",
"of",
"2011",
",",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"(",
"m",
")",
"had",
"82",
"@",
".",
"@",
"87",
"%",
"hindus",
",",
"8",
"@",
".",
"@",
"34",
"%",
"muslims",
",",
"8",
"@",
".",
"@",
"58",
"%",
"christians",
",",
"0",
"@",
".",
"@",
"01",
"%",
"sikhs",
",",
"0",
"@",
".",
"@",
"01",
"%",
"buddhist",
"##s",
",",
"0",
"@",
".",
"@",
"06",
"%",
"jain",
"##s",
",",
"0",
"@",
".",
"@",
"11",
"%",
"following",
"other",
"religions",
"and",
"0",
"@",
".",
"@",
"01",
"%",
"following",
"no",
"religion",
"or",
"did",
"not",
"indicate",
"any",
"religious",
"preference",
".",
"as",
"of",
"2008",
",",
"a",
"total",
"2",
"@",
",",
"@",
"01",
"##3",
"@",
".",
"@",
"34",
"ha",
"("
] | 879,536 |
, 322 marginal workers in household industries and 6 @, @ 247 other marginal workers. as per the religious census of 2011, thanjavur ( m ) had 82 @. @ 87 % hindus, 8 @. @ 34 % muslims, 8 @. @ 58 % christians, 0 @. @ 01 % sikhs, 0 @. @ 01 % buddhists, 0 @. @ 06 % jains, 0 @. @ 11 % following other religions and 0 @. @ 01 % following no religion or did not indicate any religious preference. as of 2008, a total 2 @, @ 013 @. @ 34 ha (
| 658 |
[
"4",
"@",
",",
"@",
"97",
"##5",
"@",
".",
"@",
"1",
"acres",
")",
"(",
"55",
"@",
".",
"@",
"4",
"%",
")",
"of",
"the",
"land",
"was",
"used",
"for",
"residential",
",",
"11",
"@",
".",
"@",
"32",
"ha",
"(",
"28",
"@",
".",
"@",
"0",
"acres",
")",
"(",
"3",
"@",
".",
"@",
"06",
"%",
")",
"for",
"commercial",
",",
"82",
"@",
".",
"@",
"68",
"ha",
"(",
"204",
"@",
".",
"@",
"3",
"acres",
")",
"(",
"2",
"@",
".",
"@",
"28",
"%",
")",
"for",
"industrial",
",",
"320",
"@",
".",
"@",
"2",
"ha",
"(",
"79",
"##1",
"acres",
")",
"(",
"8",
"@",
".",
"@",
"81",
"%",
")",
"for",
"public",
"&",
"semi",
"public",
",",
"108",
"@",
".",
"@",
"11",
"ha",
"(",
"267",
"@",
".",
"@",
"1",
"acres",
")",
"(",
"2",
"@",
".",
"@",
"98",
"%",
")",
"for",
"educational",
"and"
] | 879,537 |
4 @, @ 975 @. @ 1 acres ) ( 55 @. @ 4 % ) of the land was used for residential, 11 @. @ 32 ha ( 28 @. @ 0 acres ) ( 3 @. @ 06 % ) for commercial, 82 @. @ 68 ha ( 204 @. @ 3 acres ) ( 2 @. @ 28 % ) for industrial, 320 @. @ 2 ha ( 791 acres ) ( 8 @. @ 81 % ) for public & semi public, 108 @. @ 11 ha ( 267 @. @ 1 acres ) ( 2 @. @ 98 % ) for educational and
| 848 |
[
"99",
"##6",
"@",
".",
"@",
"85",
"ha",
"(",
"2",
"@",
",",
"@",
"46",
"##3",
"@",
".",
"@",
"3",
"acres",
")",
"(",
"27",
"@",
".",
"@",
"47",
"%",
")",
"for",
"agriculture",
".",
"tamil",
"is",
"the",
"widely",
"spoken",
"language",
",",
"with",
"the",
"standard",
"dialect",
"being",
"central",
"tamil",
"dialect",
".",
"telugu",
",",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"marathi",
"and",
"sa",
"##ura",
"##sh",
"##tra",
"are",
"other",
"languages",
"spoken",
"in",
"the",
"city",
".",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"is",
"the",
"cultural",
"and",
"political",
"center",
"of",
"the",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"marathi",
"people",
".",
"while",
"hindus",
"form",
"the",
"majority",
",",
"the",
"city",
"also",
"has",
"a",
"substantial",
"population",
"of",
"muslims",
"and",
"christians",
".",
"roman",
"catholics",
"in",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"are",
"affiliated",
"to",
"the",
"roman",
"catholic",
"diocese",
"of",
"tan",
"##jo",
"##re",
"and",
"protestants",
"are",
"affiliated",
"to",
"the"
] | 879,538 |
996 @. @ 85 ha ( 2 @, @ 463 @. @ 3 acres ) ( 27 @. @ 47 % ) for agriculture. tamil is the widely spoken language, with the standard dialect being central tamil dialect. telugu, thanjavur marathi and saurashtra are other languages spoken in the city. thanjavur is the cultural and political center of the thanjavur marathi people. while hindus form the majority, the city also has a substantial population of muslims and christians. roman catholics in thanjavur are affiliated to the roman catholic diocese of tanjore and protestants are affiliated to the
| 1,030 |
[
"tri",
"##chy",
"–",
"tan",
"##jo",
"##re",
"diocese",
"of",
"the",
"church",
"of",
"south",
"india",
".",
"the",
"workforce",
"is",
"predominantly",
"involved",
"in",
"service",
"industry",
"involving",
"trade",
"and",
"commerce",
".",
"with",
"the",
"expansion",
"of",
"the",
"city",
"area",
",",
"the",
"opportunities",
"for",
"agriculture",
"is",
"limited",
"and",
"only",
"7",
"%",
"of",
"population",
"is",
"involved",
"in",
"it",
".",
"=",
"=",
"transport",
"=",
"=",
"the",
"national",
"highways",
"67",
",",
"45",
"##c",
",",
"226",
"and",
"226",
"ex",
"##t",
"##n",
"pass",
"through",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
".",
"the",
"city",
"is",
"connected",
"with",
"chennai",
",",
"co",
"##im",
"##bat",
"##ore",
",",
"er",
"##ode",
",",
"ka",
"##ru",
"##r",
",",
"ti",
"##rup",
"##ur",
",",
"ve",
"##llo",
"##re",
",",
"per",
"##am",
"##bal",
"##ur",
",",
"ari",
"##yal",
"##ur",
",",
"my",
"##sur",
"##u",
",",
"salem",
",",
"cu",
"##dda",
"##lore",
",",
"vi",
"##lu",
"##pp",
"##uram"
] | 879,539 |
trichy – tanjore diocese of the church of south india. the workforce is predominantly involved in service industry involving trade and commerce. with the expansion of the city area, the opportunities for agriculture is limited and only 7 % of population is involved in it. = = transport = = the national highways 67, 45c, 226 and 226 extn pass through thanjavur. the city is connected with chennai, coimbatore, erode, karur, tirupur, vellore, perambalur, ariyalur, mysuru, salem, cuddalore, viluppuram
| 677 |
[
",",
"ti",
"##ru",
"##chi",
"##ra",
"##ppa",
"##lli",
",",
"mad",
"##urai",
",",
"ku",
"##mba",
"##kon",
"##am",
",",
"may",
"##ila",
"##du",
"##th",
"##urai",
",",
"kara",
"##ika",
"##l",
",",
"mann",
"##ar",
"##gu",
"##di",
",",
"pat",
"##tu",
"##kko",
"##tta",
"##i",
",",
"din",
"##di",
"##gul",
",",
"pu",
"##duk",
"##kot",
"##tai",
",",
"kara",
"##ik",
"##udi",
",",
"ti",
"##run",
"##el",
"##vel",
"##i",
",",
"bengal",
"##uru",
",",
"er",
"##na",
"##kulam",
",",
"na",
"##ger",
"##co",
"##il",
",",
"ti",
"##rup",
"##athi",
",",
"tri",
"##van",
"##drum",
"and",
"o",
"##ot",
"##y",
"through",
"regular",
"bus",
"services",
".",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"had",
"a",
"single",
"bus",
"terminus",
"located",
"at",
"the",
"heart",
"of",
"the",
"city",
".",
"an",
"integrated",
"bus",
"terminus",
",",
"called",
"new",
"bus",
"stand",
"was",
"constructed",
"in",
"1997",
"near",
"raja",
"ser",
"##fo",
"##ji",
"college",
"to",
"handle",
"the",
"passenger",
"traffic",
".",
"than",
"##ja"
] | 879,540 |
, tiruchirappalli, madurai, kumbakonam, mayiladuthurai, karaikal, mannargudi, pattukkottai, dindigul, pudukkottai, karaikudi, tirunelveli, bengaluru, ernakulam, nagercoil, tirupathi, trivandrum and ooty through regular bus services. thanjavur had a single bus terminus located at the heart of the city. an integrated bus terminus, called new bus stand was constructed in 1997 near raja serfoji college to handle the passenger traffic. thanja
| 1,979 |
[
"##vu",
"##r",
"has",
"a",
"well",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"maintained",
"sub",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"urban",
"public",
"transport",
"system",
".",
"government",
"and",
"private",
"buses",
"operate",
"frequently",
"between",
"the",
"two",
"bus",
"term",
"##ini",
"and",
"other",
"towns",
"and",
"villages",
"like",
"val",
"##lam",
",",
"bud",
"##al",
"##ur",
",",
"mohamed",
"bun",
"##der",
",",
"nadu",
"##kka",
"##very",
",",
"pill",
"##ai",
"##yar",
"##pa",
"##tti",
",",
"val",
"##lam",
"pu",
"##dur",
"##set",
"##hi",
",",
"sen",
"##gi",
"##pa",
"##tti",
",",
"va",
"##dak",
"##kur",
"north",
"and",
"ku",
"##ru",
"##va",
"##di",
"##pa",
"##tti",
".",
"the",
"railway",
"line",
"connecting",
"ti",
"##ru",
"##chi",
"##ra",
"##ppa",
"##lli",
"junction",
"railway",
"station",
"to",
"chennai",
"e",
"##gm",
"##ore",
"via",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
",",
"the",
"main",
"line",
"is",
"a",
"historical",
"line",
"established",
"by",
"south",
"indian",
"railway",
"company",
"in",
"1879",
".",
"the",
"great",
"south",
"indian",
"railway",
"company",
"("
] | 879,541 |
##vur has a well @ - @ maintained sub @ - @ urban public transport system. government and private buses operate frequently between the two bus termini and other towns and villages like vallam, budalur, mohamed bunder, nadukkavery, pillaiyarpatti, vallam pudursethi, sengipatti, vadakkur north and kuruvadipatti. the railway line connecting tiruchirappalli junction railway station to chennai egmore via thanjavur, the main line is a historical line established by south indian railway company in 1879. the great south indian railway company (
| 1,971 |
[
"gs",
"##ir",
")",
"operated",
"a",
"broad",
"gauge",
"rail",
"service",
"between",
"naga",
"##pa",
"##tti",
"##nam",
"and",
"ti",
"##ru",
"##chi",
"##ra",
"##pal",
"##li",
"via",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"between",
"1861",
"and",
"1875",
".",
"during",
"1875",
"it",
"was",
"converted",
"to",
"a",
"meter",
"gauge",
"line",
"(",
"mg",
"line",
")",
".",
"modern",
"day",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"railway",
"junction",
"has",
"three",
"rail",
"heads",
"leading",
"to",
"ti",
"##ru",
"##chi",
"##ra",
"##pal",
"##li",
",",
"ku",
"##mba",
"##kon",
"##am",
"and",
"th",
"##ir",
"##u",
"##var",
"##ur",
".",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"is",
"connected",
"by",
"rail",
"with",
"most",
"important",
"cities",
"and",
"towns",
"in",
"india",
".",
"there",
"are",
"daily",
"express",
"trains",
"to",
"chennai",
",",
"mysore",
",",
"er",
"##na",
"##kulam",
",",
"th",
"##ris",
"##sur",
",",
"pal",
"##ak",
"##ka",
"##d",
",",
"co",
"##im",
"##bat",
"##ore",
",",
"er",
"##ode",
",",
"ti",
"##rup"
] | 879,542 |
gsir ) operated a broad gauge rail service between nagapattinam and tiruchirapalli via thanjavur between 1861 and 1875. during 1875 it was converted to a meter gauge line ( mg line ). modern day thanjavur railway junction has three rail heads leading to tiruchirapalli, kumbakonam and thiruvarur. thanjavur is connected by rail with most important cities and towns in india. there are daily express trains to chennai, mysore, ernakulam, thrissur, palakkad, coimbatore, erode, tirup
| 1,057 |
[
"##pur",
",",
"ti",
"##ru",
"##chi",
"##ra",
"##pal",
"##li",
",",
"salem",
",",
"ka",
"##ru",
"##r",
",",
"mad",
"##urai",
",",
"ti",
"##run",
"##el",
"##vel",
"##i",
",",
"ram",
"##es",
"##wara",
"##m",
",",
"ti",
"##ru",
"##chen",
"##dur",
",",
"cu",
"##dda",
"##lore",
",",
"dharma",
"##puri",
",",
"vi",
"##lu",
"##pp",
"##uram",
",",
"cheng",
"##al",
"##pa",
"##tt",
"##u",
",",
"mann",
"##ar",
"##gu",
"##di",
",",
"bengal",
"##uru",
",",
"din",
"##di",
"##gul",
",",
"kara",
"##ik",
"##udi",
",",
"mana",
"##mad",
"##urai",
"and",
"weekly",
"trains",
"to",
"ti",
"##rup",
"##ati",
",",
"nell",
"##ore",
",",
"it",
"##ars",
"##i",
",",
"visa",
"##kha",
"##pa",
"##t",
"##nam",
",",
"hub",
"##li",
",",
"va",
"##sco",
"da",
"ga",
"##ma",
",",
"goa",
",",
"vijay",
"##awa",
"##da",
",",
"na",
"##gpur",
",",
"ja",
"##bal",
"##pur",
",",
"sat",
"##na",
",",
"kat",
"##ni",
",",
"allah",
"##abad",
",",
"var",
"##ana",
"##si",
"and",
"b"
] | 879,543 |
##pur, tiruchirapalli, salem, karur, madurai, tirunelveli, rameswaram, tiruchendur, cuddalore, dharmapuri, viluppuram, chengalpattu, mannargudi, bengaluru, dindigul, karaikudi, manamadurai and weekly trains to tirupati, nellore, itarsi, visakhapatnam, hubli, vasco da gama, goa, vijayawada, nagpur, jabalpur, satna, katni, allahabad, varanasi and b
| 1,062 |
[
"##hu",
"##bane",
"##sw",
"##ar",
".",
"there",
"are",
"frequent",
"passenger",
"trains",
"from",
"the",
"city",
"to",
"towns",
"like",
"th",
"##ir",
"##u",
"##var",
"##ur",
",",
"naga",
"##pa",
"##tti",
"##nam",
",",
"kara",
"##ika",
"##l",
",",
"ti",
"##ru",
"##chi",
"##ra",
"##pal",
"##li",
",",
"ku",
"##mba",
"##kon",
"##am",
",",
"may",
"##ila",
"##du",
"##th",
"##urai",
"and",
"na",
"##gor",
"##e",
".",
"in",
"the",
"early",
"1990s",
",",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"was",
"connected",
"with",
"chennai",
"via",
"the",
"va",
"##yu",
"##do",
"##ot",
"flight",
"service",
",",
"which",
"was",
"stopped",
"due",
"to",
"poor",
"patronage",
".",
"a",
"full",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"fledged",
"air",
"force",
"station",
"is",
"operational",
"at",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
".",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"air",
"force",
"station",
"was",
"to",
"become",
"a",
"major",
"air",
"base",
"by",
"2012",
",",
"to",
"handle",
"fighter",
",",
"transport",
"aircraft",
"and",
"also",
"ref",
"##uel",
"##ling"
] | 879,544 |
##hubaneswar. there are frequent passenger trains from the city to towns like thiruvarur, nagapattinam, karaikal, tiruchirapalli, kumbakonam, mayiladuthurai and nagore. in the early 1990s, thanjavur was connected with chennai via the vayudoot flight service, which was stopped due to poor patronage. a full @ - @ fledged air force station is operational at thanjavur. thanjavur air force station was to become a major air base by 2012, to handle fighter, transport aircraft and also refuelling
| 1,066 |
[
"aircraft",
".",
"however",
",",
"the",
"establishment",
"and",
"activation",
"of",
"air",
"base",
"has",
"been",
"delayed",
"as",
"of",
"march",
"2013",
".",
"the",
"ia",
"##f",
"will",
"base",
"a",
"squadron",
"of",
"its",
"su",
"##kh",
"##oi",
"su",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"30",
"superman",
"##eu",
"##vera",
"##bility",
"fighter",
"aircraft",
"at",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
",",
"making",
"it",
"the",
"first",
"fighter",
"squadron",
"in",
"tamil",
"nadu",
".",
"the",
"nearest",
"airport",
"is",
"ti",
"##ru",
"##chi",
"##ra",
"##pal",
"##li",
"international",
"airport",
".",
"the",
"nearest",
"sea",
"##port",
"is",
"located",
"at",
"naga",
"##pa",
"##tti",
"##nam",
".",
"=",
"=",
"administration",
"and",
"politics",
"=",
"=",
"the",
"municipality",
"of",
"tan",
"##jo",
"##re",
"was",
"created",
"in",
"1866",
"as",
"a",
"third",
"grade",
"municipality",
"as",
"per",
"town",
"improvements",
"act",
"1865",
"and",
"initially",
"consisted",
"of",
"12",
"members",
".",
"the",
"number",
"was",
"increased",
"to",
"18",
"in",
"1879",
"and",
"24"
] | 879,545 |
aircraft. however, the establishment and activation of air base has been delayed as of march 2013. the iaf will base a squadron of its sukhoi su @ - @ 30 supermaneuverability fighter aircraft at thanjavur, making it the first fighter squadron in tamil nadu. the nearest airport is tiruchirapalli international airport. the nearest seaport is located at nagapattinam. = = administration and politics = = the municipality of tanjore was created in 1866 as a third grade municipality as per town improvements act 1865 and initially consisted of 12 members. the number was increased to 18 in 1879 and 24
| 1,052 |
[
"in",
"1883",
".",
"in",
"1897",
",",
"the",
"members",
"were",
"empowered",
"to",
"elect",
"a",
"municipal",
"chairperson",
"to",
"lead",
"them",
".",
"tan",
"##jo",
"##re",
"was",
"upgraded",
"to",
"a",
"second",
"grade",
"municipality",
"in",
"1933",
"and",
"first",
"grade",
"in",
"1943",
".",
"since",
"1983",
",",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"has",
"been",
"a",
"special",
"grade",
"municipality",
".",
"a",
"as",
"of",
"2008",
",",
"the",
"municipality",
"covers",
"an",
"area",
"of",
"36",
"@",
".",
"@",
"33",
"km",
"##2",
"(",
"14",
"@",
".",
"@",
"03",
"sq",
"mi",
")",
"and",
"has",
"a",
"total",
"of",
"51",
"members",
".",
"the",
"functions",
"of",
"the",
"municipality",
"are",
"dev",
"##olved",
"into",
"six",
"departments",
":",
"general",
",",
"engineering",
",",
"revenue",
",",
"public",
"health",
",",
"town",
"planning",
"and",
"the",
"computer",
"wing",
".",
"all",
"these",
"departments",
"are",
"under",
"the",
"control",
"of",
"a",
"municipal",
"commissioner",
"who",
"is",
"the"
] | 879,546 |
in 1883. in 1897, the members were empowered to elect a municipal chairperson to lead them. tanjore was upgraded to a second grade municipality in 1933 and first grade in 1943. since 1983, thanjavur has been a special grade municipality. a as of 2008, the municipality covers an area of 36 @. @ 33 km2 ( 14 @. @ 03 sq mi ) and has a total of 51 members. the functions of the municipality are devolved into six departments : general, engineering, revenue, public health, town planning and the computer wing. all these departments are under the control of a municipal commissioner who is the
| 651 |
[
"supreme",
"executive",
"head",
".",
"the",
"legislative",
"powers",
"are",
"vested",
"in",
"a",
"body",
"of",
"62",
"members",
",",
"one",
"each",
"from",
"the",
"62",
"wards",
".",
"the",
"legislative",
"body",
"is",
"headed",
"by",
"an",
"elected",
"chairperson",
"assisted",
"by",
"a",
"deputy",
"chairperson",
".",
"on",
"10",
"april",
"2013",
",",
"the",
"state",
"government",
"announced",
"in",
"the",
"assembly",
"that",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"municipality",
"will",
"be",
"upgraded",
"to",
"a",
"municipal",
"corporation",
".",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"city",
"corporation",
"is",
"likely",
"to",
"have",
"an",
"area",
"of",
"110",
"@",
".",
"@",
"27",
"km",
"##2",
"(",
"42",
"@",
".",
"@",
"58",
"sq",
"mi",
")",
"of",
"area",
",",
"with",
"a",
"population",
"of",
"3",
"@",
",",
"@",
"20",
"@",
",",
"@",
"82",
"##8",
"and",
"an",
"income",
"of",
"₹",
"411",
"@",
".",
"@",
"8",
"million",
"(",
"us",
"$",
"6",
"@",
".",
"@"
] | 879,547 |
supreme executive head. the legislative powers are vested in a body of 62 members, one each from the 62 wards. the legislative body is headed by an elected chairperson assisted by a deputy chairperson. on 10 april 2013, the state government announced in the assembly that thanjavur municipality will be upgraded to a municipal corporation. thanjavur city corporation is likely to have an area of 110 @. @ 27 km2 ( 42 @. @ 58 sq mi ) of area, with a population of 3 @, @ 20 @, @ 828 and an income of ₹ 411 @. @ 8 million ( us $ 6 @. @
| 1,208 |
[
"1",
"million",
")",
".",
"the",
"villages",
"pu",
"##du",
"##pa",
"##tti",
"##nam",
",",
"nan",
"##ji",
"##kot",
"##tai",
",",
"nee",
"##lag",
"##iri",
",",
"mel",
"##ave",
"##li",
",",
"pill",
"##ai",
"##yar",
"##pa",
"##tti",
",",
"rama",
"##nath",
"##ap",
"##uram",
",",
"pal",
"##lier",
"##i",
",",
"vila",
"##r",
"and",
"ina",
"##th",
"##uka",
"##np",
"##att",
"##i",
"are",
"likely",
"to",
"be",
"added",
"to",
"the",
"municipal",
"corporation",
"limits",
".",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"became",
"city",
"corporation",
"on",
"february",
"19",
",",
"2014",
".",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"comes",
"under",
"the",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"state",
"assembly",
"constituency",
"and",
"it",
"elects",
"a",
"member",
"to",
"the",
"tamil",
"nadu",
"legislative",
"assembly",
"once",
"every",
"five",
"years",
".",
"from",
"the",
"1977",
"elections",
",",
"the",
"assembly",
"seat",
"was",
"won",
"by",
"dr",
"##avi",
"##da",
"mu",
"##nne",
"##tra",
"ka",
"##zh",
"##aga",
"##m",
"(",
"d",
"##m",
"##k"
] | 879,548 |
1 million ). the villages pudupattinam, nanjikottai, neelagiri, melaveli, pillaiyarpatti, ramanathapuram, pallieri, vilar and inathukanpatti are likely to be added to the municipal corporation limits. thanjavur became city corporation on february 19, 2014. thanjavur comes under the thanjavur state assembly constituency and it elects a member to the tamil nadu legislative assembly once every five years. from the 1977 elections, the assembly seat was won by dravida munnetra kazhagam ( dmk
| 1,221 |
[
")",
"six",
"times",
"during",
"the",
"1977",
",",
"1980",
",",
"1989",
",",
"1996",
",",
"2001",
"and",
"2006",
"elections",
",",
"the",
"indian",
"national",
"congress",
"party",
"once",
"during",
"the",
"1984",
"elections",
"and",
"the",
"all",
"india",
"anna",
"dr",
"##avi",
"##da",
"mu",
"##nne",
"##tra",
"ka",
"##zh",
"##aga",
"##m",
"(",
"ai",
"##ad",
"##m",
"##k",
")",
"twice",
"during",
"the",
"1991",
"and",
"2011",
"elections",
".",
"the",
"current",
"mla",
"of",
"the",
"constituency",
"is",
"m",
".",
"ren",
"##gas",
"##amy",
"from",
"ai",
"##ad",
"##m",
"##k",
".",
"m",
".",
"ka",
"##runa",
"##ni",
"##dhi",
",",
"who",
"served",
"as",
"the",
"chief",
"minister",
"of",
"tamil",
"nadu",
"for",
"a",
"record",
"five",
"terms",
",",
"was",
"elected",
"from",
"the",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"assembly",
"constituency",
"in",
"the",
"1962",
"elections",
".",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"is",
"also",
"a",
"part",
"of",
"the",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"lok",
"sabha"
] | 879,549 |
) six times during the 1977, 1980, 1989, 1996, 2001 and 2006 elections, the indian national congress party once during the 1984 elections and the all india anna dravida munnetra kazhagam ( aiadmk ) twice during the 1991 and 2011 elections. the current mla of the constituency is m. rengasamy from aiadmk. m. karunanidhi, who served as the chief minister of tamil nadu for a record five terms, was elected from the thanjavur assembly constituency in the 1962 elections. thanjavur is also a part of the thanjavur lok sabha
| 1,241 |
[
"constituency",
"and",
"elects",
"a",
"member",
"to",
"the",
"lok",
"sabha",
",",
"the",
"lower",
"house",
"of",
"the",
"parliament",
"of",
"india",
",",
"once",
"every",
"five",
"years",
".",
"the",
"lok",
"sabha",
"seat",
"has",
"been",
"held",
"by",
"the",
"indian",
"national",
"congress",
"for",
"seven",
"terms",
"during",
"1951",
"–",
"56",
",",
"1957",
"–",
"62",
",",
"1962",
"–",
"1967",
",",
"1980",
"–",
"84",
",",
"1984",
"–",
"1989",
",",
"1989",
"–",
"91",
"and",
"1991",
"–",
"96",
",",
"dr",
"##avi",
"##da",
"mu",
"##nne",
"##tra",
"ka",
"##zh",
"##aga",
"##m",
"for",
"seven",
"terms",
"during",
"1967",
"–",
"71",
",",
"1971",
"–",
"77",
",",
"1996",
"–",
"98",
",",
"1998",
"–",
"99",
",",
"1999",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"04",
",",
"2004",
"–",
"09",
"and",
"2009",
"–",
"present",
"and",
"all",
"india",
"anna",
"dr",
"##avi",
"##da",
"mu",
"##nne",
"##tra",
"ka",
"##zh",
"##aga",
"##m",
"for",
"one",
"term"
] | 879,550 |
constituency and elects a member to the lok sabha, the lower house of the parliament of india, once every five years. the lok sabha seat has been held by the indian national congress for seven terms during 1951 – 56, 1957 – 62, 1962 – 1967, 1980 – 84, 1984 – 1989, 1989 – 91 and 1991 – 96, dravida munnetra kazhagam for seven terms during 1967 – 71, 1971 – 77, 1996 – 98, 1998 – 99, 1999 @ - @ 04, 2004 – 09 and 2009 – present and all india anna dravida munnetra kazhagam for one term
| 1,241 |
[
"during",
"1977",
"–",
"80",
".",
"r",
".",
"ve",
"##nka",
"##tara",
"##man",
",",
"who",
"served",
"as",
"the",
"president",
"of",
"india",
"from",
"1987",
"to",
"1992",
",",
"was",
"elected",
"from",
"the",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"lok",
"sabha",
"constituency",
"in",
"the",
"1951",
"elections",
".",
"law",
"and",
"order",
"in",
"the",
"city",
"is",
"maintained",
"by",
"the",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"sub",
"division",
"of",
"the",
"tamil",
"nadu",
"police",
",",
"headed",
"by",
"a",
"deputy",
"superintendent",
"(",
"ds",
"##p",
")",
".",
"the",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"district",
"level",
"police",
"administration",
"is",
"headed",
"by",
"a",
"deputy",
"inspector",
"general",
"of",
"police",
",",
"whose",
"office",
"is",
"located",
"in",
"the",
"city",
".",
"there",
"are",
"six",
"police",
"stations",
"in",
"the",
"city",
",",
"one",
"of",
"them",
"being",
"an",
"all",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"women",
"police",
"station",
".",
"there",
"are",
"special",
"units",
"like",
"prohibition",
"enforcement"
] | 879,551 |
during 1977 – 80. r. venkataraman, who served as the president of india from 1987 to 1992, was elected from the thanjavur lok sabha constituency in the 1951 elections. law and order in the city is maintained by the thanjavur sub division of the tamil nadu police, headed by a deputy superintendent ( dsp ). the thanjavur district level police administration is headed by a deputy inspector general of police, whose office is located in the city. there are six police stations in the city, one of them being an all @ - @ women police station. there are special units like prohibition enforcement
| 1,223 |
[
",",
"district",
"crime",
",",
"social",
"justice",
"and",
"human",
"rights",
",",
"district",
"crime",
"records",
"and",
"special",
"branch",
"that",
"operate",
"at",
"the",
"district",
"level",
"police",
"division",
"headed",
"by",
"a",
"superintendent",
"of",
"police",
"(",
"sp",
")",
".",
"=",
"=",
"education",
"=",
"=",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"has",
"a",
"total",
"of",
"four",
"universities",
",",
"namely",
"the",
"tamil",
"university",
",",
"sas",
"##tra",
"university",
",",
"pri",
"##st",
"university",
"and",
"per",
"##iya",
"##r",
"mania",
"##mma",
"##i",
"university",
".",
"the",
"tamil",
"university",
"is",
"a",
"state",
"run",
"institute",
",",
"started",
"during",
"1981",
"and",
"obtained",
"its",
"statutory",
"recognition",
"from",
"the",
"university",
"grants",
"commission",
"in",
"1983",
".",
"it",
"is",
"the",
"only",
"one",
"of",
"its",
"kind",
"for",
"the",
"tamil",
"language",
"doing",
"higher",
"research",
"in",
"tamil",
"##ology",
"and",
"advanced",
"study",
"in",
"various",
"allied",
"branches",
"like",
"linguistics",
",",
"translation",
",",
"lexi",
"##co"
] | 879,552 |
, district crime, social justice and human rights, district crime records and special branch that operate at the district level police division headed by a superintendent of police ( sp ). = = education = = thanjavur has a total of four universities, namely the tamil university, sastra university, prist university and periyar maniammai university. the tamil university is a state run institute, started during 1981 and obtained its statutory recognition from the university grants commission in 1983. it is the only one of its kind for the tamil language doing higher research in tamilology and advanced study in various allied branches like linguistics, translation, lexico
| 185 |
[
"##graphy",
",",
"music",
",",
"drama",
"and",
"manuscript",
"##ology",
".",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"has",
"a",
"total",
"of",
"15",
"arts",
",",
"science",
"&",
"management",
"colleges",
"and",
"nine",
"engineering",
"colleges",
".",
"the",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"medical",
"college",
"was",
"established",
"in",
"1961",
"and",
"is",
"one",
"of",
"the",
"oldest",
"medical",
"colleges",
"in",
"tamil",
"nadu",
".",
"the",
"paddy",
"processing",
"research",
"centre",
"(",
"pp",
"##rc",
")",
",",
"which",
"later",
"became",
"the",
"indian",
"institute",
"of",
"crop",
"processing",
"technology",
"(",
"ii",
"##cp",
"##t",
")",
"in",
"2008",
",",
"is",
"a",
"hub",
"for",
"food",
"processing",
"research",
".",
"the",
"sara",
"##sw",
"##ati",
"mahal",
"library",
"which",
"dates",
"back",
"to",
"the",
"end",
"of",
"the",
"16th",
"century",
"and",
"the",
"central",
"library",
",",
"managed",
"by",
"the",
"district",
"administration",
"are",
"the",
"two",
"most",
"prominent",
"libraries",
"in",
"the",
"city",
".",
"there",
"are",
"20",
"registered"
] | 879,553 |
##graphy, music, drama and manuscriptology. thanjavur has a total of 15 arts, science & management colleges and nine engineering colleges. the thanjavur medical college was established in 1961 and is one of the oldest medical colleges in tamil nadu. the paddy processing research centre ( pprc ), which later became the indian institute of crop processing technology ( iicpt ) in 2008, is a hub for food processing research. the saraswati mahal library which dates back to the end of the 16th century and the central library, managed by the district administration are the two most prominent libraries in the city. there are 20 registered
| 1,085 |
[
"schools",
"in",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
",",
"catering",
"to",
"the",
"primary",
",",
"secondary",
"and",
"higher",
"secondary",
"educational",
"needs",
"of",
"the",
"city",
".",
"st",
".",
"peter",
"'",
"s",
"higher",
"secondary",
"school",
"at",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"was",
"established",
"by",
"rev",
".",
"c",
"f",
"schwartz",
"during",
"1784",
".",
"originally",
"established",
"as",
"a",
"college",
",",
"it",
"was",
"the",
"first",
"school",
"in",
"south",
"india",
"which",
"taught",
"english",
"to",
"the",
"local",
"populace",
".",
"st",
".",
"antony",
"'",
"s",
"higher",
"secondary",
"school",
",",
"established",
"in",
"1885",
"by",
"the",
"diocese",
"of",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
",",
"is",
"one",
"of",
"the",
"oldest",
"schools",
"in",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"district",
".",
"christian",
"missionaries",
"played",
"a",
"prominent",
"role",
"in",
"promoting",
"english",
"education",
"in",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
".",
"ka",
"##ly",
"##ana",
"##sund",
"##ara",
"##m",
"higher",
"secondary",
"school",
","
] | 879,554 |
schools in thanjavur, catering to the primary, secondary and higher secondary educational needs of the city. st. peter's higher secondary school at thanjavur was established by rev. c f schwartz during 1784. originally established as a college, it was the first school in south india which taught english to the local populace. st. antony's higher secondary school, established in 1885 by the diocese of thanjavur, is one of the oldest schools in thanjavur district. christian missionaries played a prominent role in promoting english education in thanjavur. kalyanasundaram higher secondary school,
| 1,070 |
[
"established",
"in",
"1891",
",",
"is",
"one",
"of",
"the",
"oldest",
"schools",
"in",
"the",
"city",
".",
"=",
"=",
"utility",
"services",
"=",
"=",
"electricity",
"supply",
"to",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"is",
"regulated",
"and",
"distributed",
"by",
"the",
"tamil",
"nadu",
"electricity",
"board",
"(",
"tn",
"##eb",
")",
".",
"the",
"city",
"along",
"with",
"its",
"suburbs",
"is",
"a",
"part",
"of",
"tri",
"##chy",
"electricity",
"distribution",
"circle",
".",
"water",
"supply",
"is",
"provided",
"by",
"the",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"corporation",
"from",
"the",
"va",
"##dav",
"##ar",
"canal",
",",
"supplied",
"through",
"overhead",
"tanks",
"located",
"in",
"various",
"parts",
"of",
"the",
"city",
".",
"during",
"the",
"2000",
"–",
"01",
"period",
",",
"a",
"total",
"of",
"31",
"million",
"litres",
"of",
"water",
"was",
"supplied",
"everyday",
"for",
"households",
"in",
"the",
"city",
".",
"about",
"110",
"metric",
"tonnes",
"of",
"solid",
"waste",
"are",
"collected",
"from",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"every",
"day"
] | 879,555 |
established in 1891, is one of the oldest schools in the city. = = utility services = = electricity supply to thanjavur is regulated and distributed by the tamil nadu electricity board ( tneb ). the city along with its suburbs is a part of trichy electricity distribution circle. water supply is provided by the thanjavur corporation from the vadavar canal, supplied through overhead tanks located in various parts of the city. during the 2000 – 01 period, a total of 31 million litres of water was supplied everyday for households in the city. about 110 metric tonnes of solid waste are collected from thanjavur every day
| 639 |
[
"by",
"door",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"to",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"door",
"collection",
"and",
"subsequently",
"the",
"source",
"segregation",
"and",
"dumping",
"is",
"carried",
"out",
"by",
"the",
"sanitary",
"department",
"of",
"the",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"corporation",
".",
"the",
"coverage",
"of",
"solid",
"waste",
"management",
"had",
"an",
"efficiency",
"of",
"100",
"%",
"as",
"of",
"2001",
".",
"the",
"underground",
"drainage",
"system",
"covers",
"70",
"%",
"of",
"the",
"city",
"and",
"the",
"remaining",
"sewer",
"##age",
"system",
"for",
"disposal",
"of",
"sul",
"##lage",
"is",
"through",
"sept",
"##ic",
"tanks",
",",
"open",
"drains",
"and",
"public",
"convenience",
"##s",
".",
"the",
"corporation",
"maintains",
"a",
"total",
"of",
"155",
"km",
"(",
"96",
"mi",
")",
"of",
"storm",
"water",
"drains",
":",
"53",
"@",
".",
"@",
"27",
"km",
"(",
"33",
"@",
".",
"@",
"10",
"mi",
")",
"surfaced",
"drains",
"and",
"101",
"@",
".",
"@",
"73",
"km",
"(",
"63",
"@",
".",
"@"
] | 879,556 |
by door @ - @ to @ - @ door collection and subsequently the source segregation and dumping is carried out by the sanitary department of the thanjavur corporation. the coverage of solid waste management had an efficiency of 100 % as of 2001. the underground drainage system covers 70 % of the city and the remaining sewerage system for disposal of sullage is through septic tanks, open drains and public conveniences. the corporation maintains a total of 155 km ( 96 mi ) of storm water drains : 53 @. @ 27 km ( 33 @. @ 10 mi ) surfaced drains and 101 @. @ 73 km ( 63 @. @
| 666 |
[
"21",
"mi",
")",
"un",
"##lined",
"drains",
".",
"there",
"are",
"37",
"hospitals",
"and",
"seven",
"clinical",
"labs",
"in",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"that",
"take",
"care",
"of",
"the",
"health",
"care",
"needs",
"of",
"the",
"citizens",
".",
"there",
"are",
"a",
"total",
"of",
"9",
"@",
",",
"@",
"74",
"##5",
"street",
"lamps",
":",
"49",
"##2",
"sodium",
"lamps",
",",
"2",
"@",
",",
"@",
"06",
"##1",
"mercury",
"va",
"##pour",
"lamps",
",",
"7",
"@",
",",
"@",
"180",
"tube",
"lights",
"and",
"twelve",
"high",
"mast",
"beam",
"lamps",
".",
"the",
"corporation",
"operates",
"three",
"markets",
",",
"namely",
"the",
"ser",
"##fo",
"##ji",
"market",
",",
"amara",
"##r",
"swami",
"##nath",
"##an",
"market",
"and",
"kam",
"##ara",
"##j",
"market",
"and",
"another",
"market",
",",
"the",
"sub",
"##rama",
"##ni",
"##ya",
"swami",
"ko",
"##il",
"market",
",",
"is",
"maintained",
"by",
"the",
"sub",
"##rama",
"##nia",
"swami",
"temple",
"authority",
".",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu"
] | 879,557 |
21 mi ) unlined drains. there are 37 hospitals and seven clinical labs in thanjavur that take care of the health care needs of the citizens. there are a total of 9 @, @ 745 street lamps : 492 sodium lamps, 2 @, @ 061 mercury vapour lamps, 7 @, @ 180 tube lights and twelve high mast beam lamps. the corporation operates three markets, namely the serfoji market, amarar swaminathan market and kamaraj market and another market, the subramaniya swami koil market, is maintained by the subramania swami temple authority. thanjavu
| 808 |
[
"##r",
"comes",
"under",
"the",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"telecom",
"circle",
"of",
"the",
"b",
"##harat",
"san",
"##cha",
"##r",
"ni",
"##gam",
"limited",
"(",
"bs",
"##nl",
")",
",",
"india",
"'",
"s",
"state",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"owned",
"telecom",
"and",
"internet",
"services",
"provider",
".",
"apart",
"from",
"telecom",
",",
"bs",
"##nl",
"also",
"provides",
"broadband",
"internet",
"service",
".",
"the",
"regional",
"passport",
"office",
"tri",
"##chy",
"operates",
"a",
"passport",
"se",
"##va",
"kendra",
"(",
"ps",
"##k",
")",
"in",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
".",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
"ps",
"##k",
"covers",
"the",
"naga",
"##ppa",
"##tti",
"##nam",
",",
"th",
"##ir",
"##u",
"##var",
"##ur",
",",
"than",
"##ja",
"##vu",
"##r",
",",
"pu",
"##duk",
"##kot",
"##tai",
",",
"and",
"ari",
"##yal",
"##ur",
"revenue",
"districts",
".",
"=",
"order",
"of",
"st",
"patrick",
"=",
"the",
"most",
"illustrious",
"order",
"of",
"saint",
"patrick",
"is",
"a",
"dormant",
"british",
"order",
"of"
] | 879,558 |
##r comes under the thanjavur telecom circle of the bharat sanchar nigam limited ( bsnl ), india's state @ - @ owned telecom and internet services provider. apart from telecom, bsnl also provides broadband internet service. the regional passport office trichy operates a passport seva kendra ( psk ) in thanjavur. thanjavur psk covers the nagappattinam, thiruvarur, thanjavur, pudukkottai, and ariyalur revenue districts. = order of st patrick = the most illustrious order of saint patrick is a dormant british order of
| 218 |
[
"chi",
"##val",
"##ry",
"associated",
"with",
"ireland",
".",
"the",
"order",
"was",
"created",
"in",
"1783",
"by",
"george",
"iii",
"at",
"the",
"request",
"of",
"the",
"then",
"lord",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"lieutenant",
",",
"lord",
"buckingham",
".",
"the",
"regular",
"creation",
"of",
"knights",
"of",
"saint",
"patrick",
"lasted",
"until",
"1922",
",",
"when",
"most",
"of",
"ireland",
"became",
"independent",
"as",
"the",
"irish",
"free",
"state",
".",
"while",
"the",
"order",
"technically",
"still",
"exists",
",",
"no",
"knight",
"of",
"st",
"patrick",
"has",
"been",
"created",
"since",
"1936",
",",
"and",
"the",
"last",
"surviving",
"knight",
",",
"prince",
"henry",
",",
"duke",
"of",
"gloucester",
",",
"died",
"in",
"1974",
".",
"the",
"queen",
",",
"however",
",",
"remains",
"the",
"sovereign",
"of",
"the",
"order",
",",
"and",
"one",
"officer",
",",
"the",
"ulster",
"king",
"of",
"arms",
"(",
"now",
"combined",
"with",
"nor",
"##roy",
"king",
"of",
"arms",
")",
",",
"also",
"survives",
".",
"st",
"patrick",
"is"
] | 879,559 |
chivalry associated with ireland. the order was created in 1783 by george iii at the request of the then lord @ - @ lieutenant, lord buckingham. the regular creation of knights of saint patrick lasted until 1922, when most of ireland became independent as the irish free state. while the order technically still exists, no knight of st patrick has been created since 1936, and the last surviving knight, prince henry, duke of gloucester, died in 1974. the queen, however, remains the sovereign of the order, and one officer, the ulster king of arms ( now combined with norroy king of arms ), also survives. st patrick is
| 956 |
[
"patron",
"of",
"the",
"order",
";",
"its",
"motto",
"is",
"qui",
"##s",
"sep",
"##ara",
"##bit",
"?",
",",
"latin",
"for",
"\"",
"who",
"will",
"separate",
"[",
"us",
"]",
"?",
"\"",
":",
"an",
"all",
"##usion",
"to",
"the",
"vu",
"##lga",
"##te",
"translation",
"of",
"romans",
"8",
":",
"35",
",",
"\"",
"who",
"shall",
"separate",
"us",
"from",
"the",
"love",
"of",
"christ",
"?",
"\"",
"most",
"british",
"orders",
"of",
"chi",
"##val",
"##ry",
"cover",
"the",
"entire",
"kingdom",
",",
"but",
"the",
"three",
"most",
"ex",
"##al",
"##ted",
"ones",
"each",
"per",
"##tain",
"to",
"one",
"constituent",
"nation",
"only",
".",
"the",
"order",
"of",
"st",
"patrick",
",",
"which",
"per",
"##tain",
"##s",
"to",
"ireland",
",",
"is",
"the",
"most",
"junior",
"of",
"these",
"three",
"in",
"precedence",
"and",
"age",
".",
"its",
"equivalent",
"in",
"england",
",",
"the",
"most",
"noble",
"order",
"of",
"the",
"ga",
"##rter",
",",
"is",
"the",
"oldest",
"order",
"of",
"chi"
] | 879,560 |
patron of the order ; its motto is quis separabit?, latin for " who will separate [ us ]? " : an allusion to the vulgate translation of romans 8 : 35, " who shall separate us from the love of christ? " most british orders of chivalry cover the entire kingdom, but the three most exalted ones each pertain to one constituent nation only. the order of st patrick, which pertains to ireland, is the most junior of these three in precedence and age. its equivalent in england, the most noble order of the garter, is the oldest order of chi
| 226 |
[
"##val",
"##ry",
"in",
"the",
"united",
"kingdom",
",",
"dating",
"to",
"the",
"middle",
"fourteenth",
"century",
".",
"the",
"scottish",
"equivalent",
"is",
"the",
"most",
"ancient",
"and",
"most",
"noble",
"order",
"of",
"the",
"thistle",
",",
"dating",
"in",
"its",
"modern",
"form",
"to",
"168",
"##7",
".",
"the",
"order",
"was",
"founded",
"in",
"1783",
",",
"a",
"year",
"after",
"the",
"grant",
"of",
"substantial",
"autonomy",
"to",
"ireland",
",",
"as",
"a",
"means",
"of",
"reward",
"##ing",
"(",
"or",
"obtaining",
")",
"political",
"support",
"in",
"the",
"irish",
"parliament",
".",
"the",
"order",
"of",
"the",
"bath",
",",
"founded",
"in",
"1725",
",",
"was",
"instituted",
"for",
"similar",
"reasons",
".",
"the",
"statutes",
"of",
"the",
"order",
"restricted",
"membership",
"to",
"men",
"who",
"were",
"both",
"knights",
"and",
"gentlemen",
",",
"the",
"latter",
"being",
"defined",
"as",
"having",
"three",
"generations",
"of",
"\"",
"nobles",
"##se",
"\"",
"(",
"i",
".",
"e",
".",
"ancestors",
"bearing",
"coats",
"of",
"arms"
] | 879,561 |
##valry in the united kingdom, dating to the middle fourteenth century. the scottish equivalent is the most ancient and most noble order of the thistle, dating in its modern form to 1687. the order was founded in 1783, a year after the grant of substantial autonomy to ireland, as a means of rewarding ( or obtaining ) political support in the irish parliament. the order of the bath, founded in 1725, was instituted for similar reasons. the statutes of the order restricted membership to men who were both knights and gentlemen, the latter being defined as having three generations of " noblesse " ( i. e. ancestors bearing coats of arms
| 918 |
[
")",
"on",
"both",
"their",
"father",
"'",
"s",
"and",
"mother",
"'",
"s",
"side",
".",
"in",
"practice",
",",
"however",
",",
"only",
"irish",
"peers",
"(",
"and",
"occasional",
"foreign",
"princes",
"with",
"ten",
"##uous",
"or",
"no",
"irish",
"connections",
")",
"were",
"ever",
"appointed",
"to",
"the",
"order",
".",
"the",
"cross",
"of",
"st",
"patrick",
"(",
"a",
"red",
"salt",
"##ire",
"on",
"a",
"white",
"background",
")",
"was",
"chosen",
"as",
"one",
"of",
"the",
"symbols",
"of",
"the",
"order",
".",
"a",
"flag",
"of",
"this",
"design",
"was",
"later",
"incorporated",
"into",
"the",
"union",
"flag",
".",
"its",
"association",
"with",
"st",
".",
"patrick",
"or",
"with",
"ireland",
"prior",
"to",
"the",
"foundation",
"of",
"the",
"order",
"is",
"unclear",
",",
"however",
".",
"one",
"of",
"the",
"first",
"knights",
"was",
"the",
"2nd",
"duke",
"of",
"leinster",
",",
"whose",
"arms",
"carry",
"the",
"same",
"cross",
".",
"the",
"order",
"of",
"st",
"patrick",
"earned",
"international",
"coverage"
] | 879,562 |
) on both their father's and mother's side. in practice, however, only irish peers ( and occasional foreign princes with tenuous or no irish connections ) were ever appointed to the order. the cross of st patrick ( a red saltire on a white background ) was chosen as one of the symbols of the order. a flag of this design was later incorporated into the union flag. its association with st. patrick or with ireland prior to the foundation of the order is unclear, however. one of the first knights was the 2nd duke of leinster, whose arms carry the same cross. the order of st patrick earned international coverage
| 918 |
[
"when",
",",
"in",
"1907",
",",
"its",
"insignia",
",",
"known",
"generally",
"as",
"the",
"irish",
"crown",
"jewels",
",",
"were",
"stolen",
"from",
"the",
"bedford",
"tower",
"in",
"dublin",
"castle",
"shortly",
"before",
"a",
"visit",
"by",
"the",
"order",
"'",
"s",
"sovereign",
",",
"king",
"edward",
"vii",
".",
"their",
"whereabouts",
"remain",
"a",
"mystery",
".",
"the",
"last",
"non",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"royal",
"appointed",
"to",
"the",
"order",
"was",
"james",
"hamilton",
",",
"3rd",
"duke",
"of",
"abe",
"##rco",
"##rn",
"in",
"1922",
",",
"who",
"served",
"as",
"the",
"first",
"governor",
"of",
"northern",
"ireland",
".",
"when",
"the",
"irish",
"free",
"state",
"left",
"the",
"united",
"kingdom",
"that",
"same",
"year",
",",
"the",
"irish",
"executive",
"council",
"under",
"w",
".",
"t",
".",
"co",
"##sg",
"##rave",
"chose",
"to",
"make",
"no",
"further",
"appointments",
"to",
"the",
"order",
".",
"the",
"british",
"government",
"continued",
"to",
"entertain",
"hopes",
"for",
"the",
"order",
"'",
"s",
"revival"
] | 879,563 |
when, in 1907, its insignia, known generally as the irish crown jewels, were stolen from the bedford tower in dublin castle shortly before a visit by the order's sovereign, king edward vii. their whereabouts remain a mystery. the last non @ - @ royal appointed to the order was james hamilton, 3rd duke of abercorn in 1922, who served as the first governor of northern ireland. when the irish free state left the united kingdom that same year, the irish executive council under w. t. cosgrave chose to make no further appointments to the order. the british government continued to entertain hopes for the order's revival
| 989 |
[
"as",
"a",
"pan",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"irish",
"institution",
".",
"therefore",
",",
"while",
"there",
"was",
"no",
"legal",
"or",
"constitutional",
"bar",
"to",
"the",
"british",
"government",
"continuing",
"to",
"make",
"appointments",
"from",
"among",
"british",
"subjects",
"resident",
"in",
"northern",
"ireland",
",",
"it",
"chose",
"not",
"to",
"do",
"so",
".",
"since",
"then",
",",
"only",
"three",
"people",
"have",
"been",
"appointed",
"to",
"the",
"order",
",",
"all",
"members",
"of",
"the",
"british",
"royal",
"family",
".",
"the",
"then",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"prince",
"of",
"wales",
"(",
"the",
"future",
"king",
"edward",
"viii",
"and",
"later",
"duke",
"of",
"windsor",
")",
"was",
"appointed",
"in",
"1927",
"and",
"his",
"younger",
"brothers",
",",
"prince",
"henry",
",",
"duke",
"of",
"gloucester",
",",
"in",
"1934",
"and",
"prince",
"albert",
",",
"duke",
"of",
"york",
"(",
"later",
"king",
"george",
"vi",
")",
",",
"in",
"1936",
".",
"it",
"is",
"likely",
"that",
"these",
"appointments",
"were",
"considered",
"possible"
] | 879,564 |
as a pan @ - @ irish institution. therefore, while there was no legal or constitutional bar to the british government continuing to make appointments from among british subjects resident in northern ireland, it chose not to do so. since then, only three people have been appointed to the order, all members of the british royal family. the then @ - @ prince of wales ( the future king edward viii and later duke of windsor ) was appointed in 1927 and his younger brothers, prince henry, duke of gloucester, in 1934 and prince albert, duke of york ( later king george vi ), in 1936. it is likely that these appointments were considered possible
| 986 |
[
"because",
"the",
"irish",
"free",
"state",
"continued",
"to",
"recognise",
"the",
"british",
"monarch",
"as",
"its",
"official",
"head",
"of",
"state",
".",
"in",
"1937",
",",
"however",
",",
"the",
"irish",
"free",
"state",
"adopted",
"a",
"new",
"constitution",
",",
"rendering",
"the",
"crown",
"'",
"s",
"position",
"in",
"irish",
"affairs",
"ambiguous",
".",
"the",
"ambiguity",
"was",
"resolved",
"12",
"years",
"later",
"when",
"the",
"irish",
"free",
"state",
"formally",
"declared",
"itself",
"a",
"republic",
"and",
"left",
"the",
"british",
"commonwealth",
".",
"the",
"basis",
"for",
"such",
"appointments",
"thus",
"ceased",
"and",
"no",
"further",
"ones",
"have",
"been",
"made",
".",
"the",
"duke",
"of",
"gloucester",
"at",
"his",
"death",
"in",
"1974",
"was",
"the",
"last",
"surviving",
"member",
"of",
"the",
"order",
".",
"the",
"last",
"living",
"non",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"royal",
"member",
"of",
"the",
"order",
",",
"the",
"9th",
"earl",
"of",
"shaft",
"##es",
"##bury",
",",
"died",
"in",
"1961",
".",
"the",
"order",
"has",
","
] | 879,565 |
because the irish free state continued to recognise the british monarch as its official head of state. in 1937, however, the irish free state adopted a new constitution, rendering the crown's position in irish affairs ambiguous. the ambiguity was resolved 12 years later when the irish free state formally declared itself a republic and left the british commonwealth. the basis for such appointments thus ceased and no further ones have been made. the duke of gloucester at his death in 1974 was the last surviving member of the order. the last living non @ - @ royal member of the order, the 9th earl of shaftesbury, died in 1961. the order has,
| 1,201 |
[
"however",
",",
"never",
"actually",
"been",
"abolished",
"and",
"its",
"resurrection",
"has",
"been",
"discussed",
"in",
"irish",
"government",
"circles",
"on",
"a",
"number",
"of",
"occasions",
"and",
"never",
"pursued",
".",
"=",
"=",
"=",
"possible",
"revival",
"=",
"=",
"=",
"prime",
"minister",
"winston",
"churchill",
"suggested",
"rev",
"##iving",
"the",
"order",
"in",
"1943",
"to",
"recognise",
"the",
"services",
"of",
"general",
"the",
"hon",
".",
"sir",
"harold",
"alexander",
"in",
"tunisia",
",",
"but",
"the",
"opinion",
"of",
"the",
"other",
"ministers",
"and",
"civil",
"servants",
"was",
"that",
"it",
"would",
"upset",
"the",
"diplomatic",
"balance",
"between",
"london",
"and",
"dublin",
".",
"tao",
"##ise",
"##ach",
"sean",
"le",
"##mas",
"##s",
"considered",
"rev",
"##iving",
"the",
"order",
"during",
"the",
"1960s",
",",
"but",
"did",
"not",
"take",
"a",
"decision",
".",
"the",
"constitution",
"of",
"ireland",
"provides",
",",
"\"",
"titles",
"of",
"nobility",
"shall",
"not",
"be",
"conferred",
"by",
"the",
"state",
"\"",
"(",
"article",
"40",
"@",
"."
] | 879,566 |
however, never actually been abolished and its resurrection has been discussed in irish government circles on a number of occasions and never pursued. = = = possible revival = = = prime minister winston churchill suggested reviving the order in 1943 to recognise the services of general the hon. sir harold alexander in tunisia, but the opinion of the other ministers and civil servants was that it would upset the diplomatic balance between london and dublin. taoiseach sean lemass considered reviving the order during the 1960s, but did not take a decision. the constitution of ireland provides, " titles of nobility shall not be conferred by the state " ( article 40 @.
| 1,203 |
[
"@",
"2",
"@",
".",
"@",
"1",
"°",
")",
"and",
"\"",
"no",
"title",
"of",
"nobility",
"or",
"of",
"honour",
"may",
"be",
"accepted",
"by",
"any",
"citizen",
"except",
"with",
"the",
"prior",
"approval",
"of",
"the",
"government",
"\"",
"(",
"article",
"40",
"@",
".",
"@",
"2",
"@",
".",
"@",
"2",
"°",
")",
".",
"legal",
"experts",
"are",
"divided",
"on",
"whether",
"this",
"clause",
"prohibits",
"the",
"awarding",
"of",
"membership",
"of",
"the",
"order",
"of",
"st",
"patrick",
"to",
"irish",
"citizens",
",",
"but",
"some",
"suggest",
"that",
"the",
"phrase",
"\"",
"titles",
"of",
"nobility",
"\"",
"implies",
"hereditary",
"peerage",
"##s",
"and",
"other",
"noble",
"titles",
",",
"not",
"lifetime",
"honours",
"such",
"as",
"knight",
"##hood",
"##s",
".",
"in",
"any",
"case",
",",
"an",
"irish",
"citizen",
"would",
"require",
"the",
"approval",
"of",
"the",
"government",
"of",
"ireland",
"to",
"receive",
"an",
"award",
"from",
"a",
"reigning",
"monarch",
"of",
"the",
"united",
"kingdom",
"in",
"this"
] | 879,567 |
@ 2 @. @ 1 ° ) and " no title of nobility or of honour may be accepted by any citizen except with the prior approval of the government " ( article 40 @. @ 2 @. @ 2 ° ). legal experts are divided on whether this clause prohibits the awarding of membership of the order of st patrick to irish citizens, but some suggest that the phrase " titles of nobility " implies hereditary peerages and other noble titles, not lifetime honours such as knighthoods. in any case, an irish citizen would require the approval of the government of ireland to receive an award from a reigning monarch of the united kingdom in this
| 403 |
[
"manner",
".",
"=",
"=",
"composition",
"=",
"=",
"the",
"british",
"monarch",
"is",
"sovereign",
"of",
"the",
"order",
"of",
"st",
"patrick",
".",
"the",
"lord",
"lieutenant",
"of",
"ireland",
",",
"the",
"monarch",
"'",
"s",
"representative",
"in",
"ireland",
",",
"served",
"as",
"the",
"grand",
"master",
".",
"the",
"office",
"of",
"lord",
"lieutenant",
"was",
"abolished",
"in",
"1922",
";",
"the",
"last",
"lord",
"lieutenant",
"and",
"grand",
"master",
"was",
"the",
"1st",
"viscount",
"fitz",
"##ala",
"##n",
"of",
"der",
"##wen",
"##t",
".",
"rather",
"oddly",
",",
"the",
"statutes",
"of",
"the",
"order",
"did",
"not",
"provide",
"that",
"the",
"grand",
"master",
"be",
"admitted",
"to",
"the",
"order",
"as",
"a",
"matter",
"of",
"right",
".",
"while",
"some",
"lords",
"lieutenant",
"were",
"in",
"fact",
"appointed",
"to",
"the",
"order",
",",
"this",
"seems",
"to",
"have",
"been",
"the",
"exception",
"rather",
"than",
"the",
"rule",
".",
"the",
"order",
"originally",
"consisted",
"of",
"fifteen",
"knights",
"in",
"addition",
"to"
] | 879,568 |
manner. = = composition = = the british monarch is sovereign of the order of st patrick. the lord lieutenant of ireland, the monarch's representative in ireland, served as the grand master. the office of lord lieutenant was abolished in 1922 ; the last lord lieutenant and grand master was the 1st viscount fitzalan of derwent. rather oddly, the statutes of the order did not provide that the grand master be admitted to the order as a matter of right. while some lords lieutenant were in fact appointed to the order, this seems to have been the exception rather than the rule. the order originally consisted of fifteen knights in addition to
| 918 |
[
"the",
"sovereign",
".",
"in",
"1821",
",",
"however",
",",
"george",
"iv",
"appointed",
"six",
"additional",
"knights",
";",
"he",
"did",
"not",
"issue",
"a",
"royal",
"warrant",
"author",
"##ising",
"the",
"change",
"until",
"1830",
".",
"william",
"iv",
"formally",
"changed",
"the",
"statutes",
"in",
"1833",
",",
"increasing",
"the",
"limit",
"to",
"twenty",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"two",
"knights",
".",
"the",
"original",
"statutes",
",",
"based",
"heavily",
"on",
"those",
"of",
"the",
"order",
"of",
"the",
"ga",
"##rter",
",",
"prescribed",
"that",
"any",
"vacancy",
"should",
"be",
"filled",
"by",
"the",
"sovereign",
"upon",
"the",
"nomination",
"of",
"the",
"members",
".",
"each",
"knight",
"was",
"to",
"propose",
"nine",
"candidates",
",",
"of",
"whom",
"three",
"had",
"to",
"have",
"the",
"rank",
"of",
"earl",
"or",
"higher",
",",
"three",
"the",
"rank",
"of",
"baron",
"or",
"higher",
",",
"and",
"three",
"the",
"rank",
"of",
"knight",
"or",
"higher",
",",
"and",
"a",
"vote",
"taken",
".",
"in",
"practice",
"this"
] | 879,569 |
the sovereign. in 1821, however, george iv appointed six additional knights ; he did not issue a royal warrant authorising the change until 1830. william iv formally changed the statutes in 1833, increasing the limit to twenty @ - @ two knights. the original statutes, based heavily on those of the order of the garter, prescribed that any vacancy should be filled by the sovereign upon the nomination of the members. each knight was to propose nine candidates, of whom three had to have the rank of earl or higher, three the rank of baron or higher, and three the rank of knight or higher, and a vote taken. in practice this
| 904 |
[
"system",
"was",
"never",
"used",
";",
"the",
"grand",
"master",
"would",
"nominate",
"a",
"peer",
",",
"the",
"sovereign",
"would",
"usually",
"assent",
",",
"and",
"a",
"chapter",
"meeting",
"held",
"at",
"which",
"the",
"knights",
"\"",
"elected",
"\"",
"the",
"new",
"member",
".",
"the",
"order",
"of",
"st",
"patrick",
"differed",
"from",
"its",
"english",
"and",
"scottish",
"counterparts",
",",
"the",
"orders",
"of",
"the",
"ga",
"##rter",
"and",
"the",
"thistle",
",",
"in",
"only",
"ever",
"appointing",
"peers",
"and",
"princes",
".",
"women",
"were",
"never",
"admitted",
"to",
"the",
"order",
"of",
"st",
"patrick",
";",
"they",
"were",
"not",
"eligible",
"to",
"become",
"members",
"of",
"the",
"other",
"two",
"orders",
"until",
"1987",
".",
"the",
"only",
"woman",
"to",
"be",
"part",
"of",
"the",
"order",
"was",
"queen",
"victoria",
",",
"in",
"her",
"capacity",
"as",
"sovereign",
"of",
"the",
"order",
".",
"although",
"it",
"was",
"associated",
"with",
"the",
"established",
"church",
"of",
"ireland",
"until",
"1871",
",",
"several"
] | 879,570 |
system was never used ; the grand master would nominate a peer, the sovereign would usually assent, and a chapter meeting held at which the knights " elected " the new member. the order of st patrick differed from its english and scottish counterparts, the orders of the garter and the thistle, in only ever appointing peers and princes. women were never admitted to the order of st patrick ; they were not eligible to become members of the other two orders until 1987. the only woman to be part of the order was queen victoria, in her capacity as sovereign of the order. although it was associated with the established church of ireland until 1871, several
| 962 |
[
"roman",
"catholics",
"were",
"appointed",
"to",
"the",
"order",
"throughout",
"its",
"history",
".",
"the",
"order",
"of",
"st",
"patrick",
"initially",
"had",
"thirteen",
"officers",
":",
"the",
"prelate",
",",
"the",
"chancellor",
",",
"the",
"registrar",
",",
"the",
"usher",
",",
"the",
"secretary",
",",
"the",
"gene",
"##alo",
"##gist",
",",
"the",
"king",
"of",
"arms",
",",
"two",
"herald",
"##s",
"and",
"four",
"pu",
"##rs",
"##ui",
"##vant",
"##s",
".",
"many",
"of",
"these",
"offices",
"were",
"held",
"by",
"clergy",
"##men",
"of",
"the",
"church",
"of",
"ireland",
",",
"the",
"then",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"established",
"church",
".",
"after",
"the",
"di",
"##ses",
"##ta",
"##bl",
"##ishment",
"of",
"the",
"church",
"in",
"1871",
",",
"the",
"ec",
"##cles",
"##ias",
"##tics",
"were",
"allowed",
"to",
"remain",
"in",
"office",
"until",
"their",
"deaths",
",",
"when",
"the",
"offices",
"were",
"either",
"abolished",
"or",
"reassigned",
"to",
"lay",
"officials",
".",
"all",
"offices",
"except",
"that",
"of",
"registrar",
"and",
"king"
] | 879,571 |
roman catholics were appointed to the order throughout its history. the order of st patrick initially had thirteen officers : the prelate, the chancellor, the registrar, the usher, the secretary, the genealogist, the king of arms, two heralds and four pursuivants. many of these offices were held by clergymen of the church of ireland, the then @ - @ established church. after the disestablishment of the church in 1871, the ecclesiastics were allowed to remain in office until their deaths, when the offices were either abolished or reassigned to lay officials. all offices except that of registrar and king
| 1,022 |
[
"of",
"arms",
"are",
"now",
"vacant",
".",
"the",
"office",
"of",
"prelate",
"was",
"held",
"by",
"the",
"lord",
"archbishop",
"of",
"armagh",
",",
"the",
"most",
"senior",
"clergyman",
"in",
"the",
"church",
"of",
"ireland",
".",
"the",
"prelate",
"was",
"not",
"mentioned",
"in",
"the",
"original",
"statutes",
",",
"but",
"created",
"by",
"a",
"warrant",
"shortly",
"afterwards",
",",
"apparently",
"because",
"the",
"archbishop",
"at",
"the",
"time",
"had",
"asked",
"to",
"be",
"appointed",
"to",
"the",
"post",
".",
"since",
"the",
"death",
"of",
"the",
"last",
"holder",
"in",
"1885",
",",
"the",
"office",
"of",
"prelate",
"has",
"remained",
"vacant",
".",
"the",
"church",
"of",
"ireland",
"'",
"s",
"second",
"highest",
"cleric",
",",
"the",
"lord",
"archbishop",
"of",
"dublin",
",",
"originally",
"served",
"as",
"the",
"chancellor",
"of",
"the",
"order",
".",
"from",
"1886",
"onwards",
",",
"the",
"office",
"was",
"held",
"instead",
"by",
"the",
"chief",
"secretary",
"for",
"ireland",
".",
"since",
"the",
"abolition",
"of",
"the",
"position"
] | 879,572 |
of arms are now vacant. the office of prelate was held by the lord archbishop of armagh, the most senior clergyman in the church of ireland. the prelate was not mentioned in the original statutes, but created by a warrant shortly afterwards, apparently because the archbishop at the time had asked to be appointed to the post. since the death of the last holder in 1885, the office of prelate has remained vacant. the church of ireland's second highest cleric, the lord archbishop of dublin, originally served as the chancellor of the order. from 1886 onwards, the office was held instead by the chief secretary for ireland. since the abolition of the position
| 993 |
[
"of",
"chief",
"secretary",
"in",
"1922",
",",
"the",
"office",
"of",
"chancellor",
"has",
"remained",
"vacant",
".",
"the",
"dean",
"of",
"st",
"patrick",
"'",
"s",
"cathedral",
"was",
"originally",
"the",
"registrar",
"of",
"the",
"order",
".",
"in",
"1890",
",",
"on",
"the",
"death",
"of",
"the",
"dean",
"who",
"had",
"held",
"the",
"post",
"in",
"at",
"the",
"time",
"of",
"di",
"##ses",
"##ta",
"##bl",
"##ishment",
",",
"the",
"office",
"was",
"attached",
"to",
"that",
"of",
"the",
"king",
"of",
"arms",
"of",
"the",
"order",
".",
"this",
"position",
"was",
"held",
"by",
"ulster",
"king",
"of",
"arms",
",",
"ireland",
"'",
"s",
"chief",
"heraldic",
"official",
",",
"a",
"post",
"which",
"had",
"been",
"created",
"in",
"155",
"##2",
".",
"in",
"1943",
",",
"this",
"post",
"was",
"in",
"effect",
"divided",
"in",
"two",
",",
"reflecting",
"the",
"partition",
"of",
"ireland",
"in",
"the",
"government",
"of",
"ireland",
"act",
",",
"1920",
".",
"the",
"position",
",",
"ins",
"##of"
] | 879,573 |
of chief secretary in 1922, the office of chancellor has remained vacant. the dean of st patrick's cathedral was originally the registrar of the order. in 1890, on the death of the dean who had held the post in at the time of disestablishment, the office was attached to that of the king of arms of the order. this position was held by ulster king of arms, ireland's chief heraldic official, a post which had been created in 1552. in 1943, this post was in effect divided in two, reflecting the partition of ireland in the government of ireland act, 1920. the position, insof
| 918 |
[
"##ar",
"as",
"it",
"related",
"to",
"northern",
"ireland",
",",
"was",
"combined",
"with",
"that",
"of",
"nor",
"##roy",
"king",
"of",
"arms",
"(",
"who",
"had",
"heraldic",
"jurisdiction",
"in",
"the",
"north",
"of",
"england",
")",
".",
"the",
"post",
"of",
"nor",
"##roy",
"and",
"ulster",
"king",
"of",
"arms",
"still",
"exists",
",",
"and",
"thus",
"continues",
"to",
"hold",
"the",
"offices",
"of",
"registrar",
"and",
"king",
"of",
"arms",
"of",
"the",
"order",
"of",
"st",
"patrick",
".",
"the",
"office",
"of",
"ulster",
"king",
"of",
"arms",
",",
"ins",
"##of",
"##ar",
"as",
"it",
"related",
"to",
"the",
"irish",
"free",
"state",
"(",
"now",
"officially",
"called",
"ireland",
")",
",",
"became",
"the",
"position",
"of",
"chief",
"herald",
"of",
"ireland",
".",
"the",
"order",
"of",
"st",
"patrick",
"had",
"six",
"other",
"heraldic",
"officers",
",",
"many",
"more",
"than",
"any",
"other",
"british",
"order",
".",
"the",
"two",
"herald",
"##s",
"were",
"known",
"as",
"cork",
"herald",
"and",
"dublin"
] | 879,574 |
##ar as it related to northern ireland, was combined with that of norroy king of arms ( who had heraldic jurisdiction in the north of england ). the post of norroy and ulster king of arms still exists, and thus continues to hold the offices of registrar and king of arms of the order of st patrick. the office of ulster king of arms, insofar as it related to the irish free state ( now officially called ireland ), became the position of chief herald of ireland. the order of st patrick had six other heraldic officers, many more than any other british order. the two heralds were known as cork herald and dublin
| 764 |
[
"herald",
".",
"three",
"of",
"the",
"four",
"pu",
"##rs",
"##ui",
"##van",
"##cies",
"were",
"untitled",
",",
"the",
"fourth",
"was",
"held",
"by",
"at",
"##hl",
"##one",
"pu",
"##rs",
"##ui",
"##vant",
",",
"an",
"office",
"founded",
"in",
"155",
"##2",
".",
"the",
"usher",
"of",
"the",
"order",
"was",
"\"",
"the",
"usher",
"at",
"arms",
"named",
"the",
"black",
"rod",
"\"",
".",
"the",
"gentleman",
"usher",
"of",
"the",
"black",
"rod",
"in",
"ireland",
"was",
"distinct",
"from",
"the",
"english",
"officer",
"of",
"the",
"same",
"name",
",",
"though",
"like",
"his",
"counterpart",
"he",
"had",
"some",
"duties",
"in",
"the",
"irish",
"house",
"of",
"lords",
".",
"(",
"the",
"latter",
"continues",
"to",
"serve",
"as",
"usher",
"to",
"the",
"order",
"of",
"the",
"ga",
"##rter",
"and",
"as",
"ser",
"##jean",
"##t",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"at",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"arms",
"of",
"the",
"house",
"of",
"lords",
".",
")",
"the",
"irish",
"post",
"has",
"been",
"vacant",
"since"
] | 879,575 |
herald. three of the four pursuivancies were untitled, the fourth was held by athlone pursuivant, an office founded in 1552. the usher of the order was " the usher at arms named the black rod ". the gentleman usher of the black rod in ireland was distinct from the english officer of the same name, though like his counterpart he had some duties in the irish house of lords. ( the latter continues to serve as usher to the order of the garter and as serjeant @ - @ at @ - @ arms of the house of lords. ) the irish post has been vacant since
| 83 |
[
"1933",
".",
"the",
"offices",
"of",
"secretary",
"and",
"gene",
"##alo",
"##gist",
"were",
"originally",
"held",
"by",
"members",
"of",
"the",
"irish",
"house",
"of",
"commons",
".",
"the",
"office",
"of",
"secretary",
"has",
"been",
"vacant",
"since",
"1926",
".",
"the",
"position",
"of",
"gene",
"##alo",
"##gist",
"was",
"left",
"vacant",
"in",
"1885",
",",
"restored",
"in",
"1889",
",",
"but",
"left",
"vacant",
"again",
"in",
"1930",
".",
"=",
"=",
"=",
"current",
"officers",
"and",
"members",
"=",
"=",
"=",
"sovereign",
":",
"elizabeth",
"ii",
"officers",
":",
"registrar",
"and",
"king",
"of",
"arms",
":",
"timothy",
"duke",
"(",
"nor",
"##roy",
"and",
"ulster",
"king",
"of",
"arms",
")",
"members",
":",
"none",
"=",
"=",
"vest",
"##ments",
"and",
"acc",
"##out",
"##rem",
"##ents",
"=",
"=",
"for",
"important",
"occasions",
",",
"such",
"as",
"coronation",
"##s",
"and",
"invest",
"##it",
"##ures",
"of",
"new",
"members",
"of",
"the",
"order",
",",
"knights",
"of",
"st",
"patrick",
"wore",
"elaborate",
"vest"
] | 879,576 |
1933. the offices of secretary and genealogist were originally held by members of the irish house of commons. the office of secretary has been vacant since 1926. the position of genealogist was left vacant in 1885, restored in 1889, but left vacant again in 1930. = = = current officers and members = = = sovereign : elizabeth ii officers : registrar and king of arms : timothy duke ( norroy and ulster king of arms ) members : none = = vestments and accoutrements = = for important occasions, such as coronations and investitures of new members of the order, knights of st patrick wore elaborate vest
| 764 |
[
"##ments",
":",
"the",
"mantle",
"was",
"a",
"celestial",
"blue",
"robe",
"lined",
"with",
"white",
"silk",
".",
"the",
"star",
"of",
"the",
"order",
"(",
"see",
"below",
")",
"was",
"depicted",
"on",
"the",
"left",
"of",
"the",
"mantle",
".",
"a",
"blue",
"hood",
"was",
"attached",
"to",
"the",
"mantle",
".",
"the",
"hat",
"of",
"the",
"order",
"was",
"originally",
"of",
"white",
"satin",
",",
"lined",
"with",
"blue",
",",
"but",
"was",
"changed",
"to",
"black",
"velvet",
"by",
"george",
"iv",
".",
"it",
"was",
"plume",
"##d",
"with",
"three",
"falls",
"of",
"feathers",
",",
"one",
"red",
",",
"one",
"white",
"and",
"one",
"blue",
".",
"the",
"collar",
"was",
"made",
"of",
"gold",
",",
"consisting",
"of",
"tudor",
"roses",
"and",
"harp",
"##s",
"attached",
"with",
"knots",
".",
"the",
"two",
"roses",
"which",
"comprise",
"the",
"tudor",
"rose",
"were",
"alternately",
"enamel",
"##led",
"white",
"within",
"red",
",",
"and",
"red",
"within",
"white",
".",
"the",
"central",
"harp",
","
] | 879,577 |
##ments : the mantle was a celestial blue robe lined with white silk. the star of the order ( see below ) was depicted on the left of the mantle. a blue hood was attached to the mantle. the hat of the order was originally of white satin, lined with blue, but was changed to black velvet by george iv. it was plumed with three falls of feathers, one red, one white and one blue. the collar was made of gold, consisting of tudor roses and harps attached with knots. the two roses which comprise the tudor rose were alternately enamelled white within red, and red within white. the central harp,
| 92 |
[
"from",
"which",
"the",
"badge",
"of",
"the",
"order",
"was",
"suspended",
",",
"was",
"sur",
"##mounted",
"by",
"a",
"crown",
".",
"on",
"certain",
"\"",
"collar",
"days",
"\"",
"designated",
"by",
"the",
"sovereign",
",",
"members",
"attending",
"formal",
"events",
"wore",
"the",
"order",
"'",
"s",
"collar",
"over",
"their",
"military",
"uniform",
",",
"formal",
"day",
"dress",
",",
"or",
"evening",
"wear",
".",
"when",
"collar",
"##s",
"were",
"worn",
"(",
"either",
"on",
"collar",
"days",
"or",
"on",
"formal",
"occasions",
"such",
"as",
"coronation",
"##s",
")",
",",
"the",
"badge",
"was",
"suspended",
"from",
"the",
"collar",
".",
"aside",
"from",
"these",
"special",
"occasions",
",",
"however",
",",
"much",
"simpler",
"acc",
"##out",
"##rem",
"##ents",
"were",
"used",
":",
"the",
"star",
"of",
"the",
"order",
"was",
"an",
"eight",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"pointed",
"figure",
",",
"with",
"the",
"four",
"cardinal",
"points",
"longer",
"than",
"the",
"intermediate",
"points",
".",
"each",
"point",
"was",
"shown",
"as",
"a",
"cluster"
] | 879,578 |
from which the badge of the order was suspended, was surmounted by a crown. on certain " collar days " designated by the sovereign, members attending formal events wore the order's collar over their military uniform, formal day dress, or evening wear. when collars were worn ( either on collar days or on formal occasions such as coronations ), the badge was suspended from the collar. aside from these special occasions, however, much simpler accoutrements were used : the star of the order was an eight @ - @ pointed figure, with the four cardinal points longer than the intermediate points. each point was shown as a cluster
| 56 |
[
"of",
"rays",
".",
"in",
"the",
"centre",
"was",
"the",
"same",
"motto",
",",
"year",
"and",
"design",
"that",
"appeared",
"on",
"the",
"badge",
".",
"the",
"star",
"was",
"worn",
"pinned",
"to",
"the",
"left",
"breast",
".",
"the",
"broad",
"rib",
"##and",
"was",
"a",
"celestial",
"blue",
"sash",
"worn",
"across",
"the",
"body",
",",
"from",
"the",
"right",
"shoulder",
"to",
"the",
"left",
"hip",
".",
"the",
"badge",
"was",
"pinned",
"to",
"the",
"rib",
"##and",
"at",
"the",
"left",
"hip",
".",
"made",
"of",
"gold",
",",
"it",
"depicted",
"a",
"shamrock",
"bearing",
"three",
"crowns",
",",
"on",
"top",
"of",
"a",
"cross",
"of",
"st",
"patrick",
"and",
"surrounded",
"by",
"a",
"blue",
"circle",
"bearing",
"the",
"motto",
"in",
"maj",
"##us",
"##cule",
"##s",
",",
"as",
"well",
"as",
"the",
"date",
"of",
"the",
"order",
"'",
"s",
"foundation",
"in",
"roman",
"nu",
"##meral",
"##s",
"(",
"\"",
"md",
"##cc",
"##l",
"##xx",
"##xi",
"##ii",
"\"",
")",
"."
] | 879,579 |
of rays. in the centre was the same motto, year and design that appeared on the badge. the star was worn pinned to the left breast. the broad riband was a celestial blue sash worn across the body, from the right shoulder to the left hip. the badge was pinned to the riband at the left hip. made of gold, it depicted a shamrock bearing three crowns, on top of a cross of st patrick and surrounded by a blue circle bearing the motto in majuscules, as well as the date of the order's foundation in roman numerals ( " mdcclxxxiii " ).
| 56 |
[
"the",
"grand",
"master",
"'",
"s",
"insignia",
"were",
"of",
"the",
"same",
"form",
"and",
"design",
"as",
"those",
"of",
"the",
"knights",
".",
"in",
"1831",
",",
"however",
",",
"william",
"iv",
"presented",
"the",
"grand",
"master",
"with",
"a",
"star",
"and",
"badge",
",",
"each",
"composed",
"of",
"rub",
"##ies",
",",
"emerald",
"##s",
"and",
"brazilian",
"diamonds",
".",
"these",
"two",
"insignia",
"were",
"designated",
"\"",
"crown",
"jewels",
"\"",
"in",
"the",
"order",
"'",
"s",
"1905",
"statutes",
",",
"and",
"the",
"designation",
"\"",
"irish",
"crown",
"jewels",
"\"",
"was",
"emphasis",
"##ed",
"by",
"newspapers",
"when",
"they",
"were",
"stolen",
"in",
"1907",
",",
"along",
"with",
"the",
"collar",
"##s",
"of",
"five",
"knights",
";",
"they",
"have",
"not",
"since",
"been",
"recovered",
".",
"a",
"number",
"of",
"items",
"pertaining",
"to",
"the",
"order",
"of",
"st",
"patrick",
"are",
"held",
"in",
"museums",
"in",
"both",
"the",
"republic",
"of",
"ireland",
"and",
"northern",
"ireland",
".",
"the",
"robes"
] | 879,580 |
the grand master's insignia were of the same form and design as those of the knights. in 1831, however, william iv presented the grand master with a star and badge, each composed of rubies, emeralds and brazilian diamonds. these two insignia were designated " crown jewels " in the order's 1905 statutes, and the designation " irish crown jewels " was emphasised by newspapers when they were stolen in 1907, along with the collars of five knights ; they have not since been recovered. a number of items pertaining to the order of st patrick are held in museums in both the republic of ireland and northern ireland. the robes
| 291 |
[
"of",
"the",
"4th",
"baron",
"cl",
"##on",
"##bro",
"##ck",
",",
"the",
"122",
"##nd",
"knight",
"of",
"the",
"order",
",",
"are",
"on",
"display",
"in",
"the",
"national",
"museum",
"of",
"ireland",
",",
"dublin",
";",
"the",
"robe",
"belonging",
"to",
"the",
"3rd",
"earl",
"of",
"ki",
"##lm",
"##ore",
"##y",
"is",
"held",
"by",
"the",
"new",
"##ry",
"museum",
";",
"the",
"national",
"gallery",
"and",
"genealogical",
"museum",
"in",
"dublin",
"both",
"have",
"stars",
"of",
"the",
"order",
";",
"and",
"the",
"ulster",
"museum",
"(",
"part",
"of",
"the",
"national",
"museums",
"and",
"galleries",
"of",
"northern",
"ireland",
")",
"in",
"st",
"##ran",
"##mill",
"##is",
"has",
"a",
"large",
"collection",
"on",
"display",
"and",
"two",
"mantle",
"##s",
"in",
"storage",
".",
"the",
"irish",
"guards",
"take",
"their",
"caps",
"##tar",
"and",
"motto",
"from",
"the",
"order",
".",
"=",
"=",
"chapel",
"and",
"chance",
"##ry",
"=",
"=",
"the",
"chapel",
"of",
"the",
"order",
"was",
"originally",
"in",
"st"
] | 879,581 |
of the 4th baron clonbrock, the 122nd knight of the order, are on display in the national museum of ireland, dublin ; the robe belonging to the 3rd earl of kilmorey is held by the newry museum ; the national gallery and genealogical museum in dublin both have stars of the order ; and the ulster museum ( part of the national museums and galleries of northern ireland ) in stranmillis has a large collection on display and two mantles in storage. the irish guards take their capstar and motto from the order. = = chapel and chancery = = the chapel of the order was originally in st
| 874 |
[
"patrick",
"'",
"s",
"cathedral",
"in",
"central",
"dublin",
".",
"each",
"member",
"of",
"the",
"order",
",",
"including",
"the",
"sovereign",
",",
"was",
"allotted",
"a",
"stall",
"in",
"the",
"choir",
"of",
"the",
"chapel",
",",
"above",
"which",
"his",
"(",
"or",
"her",
",",
"in",
"the",
"case",
"of",
"queen",
"victoria",
")",
"heraldic",
"devices",
"were",
"displayed",
".",
"perched",
"on",
"the",
"pinnacle",
"of",
"a",
"knight",
"'",
"s",
"stall",
"was",
"a",
"helm",
",",
"decorated",
"with",
"man",
"##tling",
"and",
"topped",
"by",
"his",
"crest",
".",
"above",
"the",
"crest",
",",
"the",
"knight",
"'",
"s",
"heraldic",
"banner",
"was",
"hung",
",",
"em",
"##bla",
"##zone",
"##d",
"with",
"his",
"coat",
"of",
"arms",
".",
"at",
"a",
"considerably",
"smaller",
"scale",
",",
"to",
"the",
"back",
"of",
"the",
"stall",
"was",
"af",
"##fixed",
"a",
"piece",
"of",
"brass",
"(",
"a",
"\"",
"stall",
"plate",
"\"",
")",
"displaying",
"its",
"o",
"##cc",
"##up",
"##ant",
"'"
] | 879,582 |
patrick's cathedral in central dublin. each member of the order, including the sovereign, was allotted a stall in the choir of the chapel, above which his ( or her, in the case of queen victoria ) heraldic devices were displayed. perched on the pinnacle of a knight's stall was a helm, decorated with mantling and topped by his crest. above the crest, the knight's heraldic banner was hung, emblazoned with his coat of arms. at a considerably smaller scale, to the back of the stall was affixed a piece of brass ( a " stall plate " ) displaying its occupant '
| 203 |
[
"s",
"name",
",",
"arms",
"and",
"date",
"of",
"admission",
"into",
"the",
"order",
".",
"upon",
"the",
"death",
"of",
"a",
"knight",
",",
"the",
"banner",
"and",
"crest",
"were",
"taken",
"down",
"and",
"replaced",
"with",
"those",
"of",
"his",
"successor",
".",
"after",
"the",
"di",
"##ses",
"##ta",
"##bl",
"##ishment",
"of",
"the",
"church",
"of",
"ireland",
"in",
"1871",
",",
"the",
"chapel",
"ceased",
"to",
"be",
"used",
";",
"the",
"heraldic",
"devices",
"of",
"the",
"knights",
"at",
"the",
"time",
"were",
"left",
"in",
"place",
"at",
"the",
"request",
"of",
"queen",
"victoria",
".",
"the",
"order",
"was",
"without",
"a",
"ceremonial",
"home",
"until",
"1881",
"when",
"arrangements",
"were",
"made",
"to",
"display",
"banners",
",",
"helm",
"##s",
"and",
"hatch",
"##ment",
"plates",
"(",
"the",
"equivalent",
"of",
"stall",
"plates",
",",
"in",
"the",
"absence",
"of",
"stalls",
")",
"in",
"the",
"great",
"hall",
",",
"officially",
"called",
"st",
".",
"patrick",
"'",
"s",
"hall",
",",
"in",
"dublin"
] | 879,583 |
s name, arms and date of admission into the order. upon the death of a knight, the banner and crest were taken down and replaced with those of his successor. after the disestablishment of the church of ireland in 1871, the chapel ceased to be used ; the heraldic devices of the knights at the time were left in place at the request of queen victoria. the order was without a ceremonial home until 1881 when arrangements were made to display banners, helms and hatchment plates ( the equivalent of stall plates, in the absence of stalls ) in the great hall, officially called st. patrick's hall, in dublin
| 203 |
[
"castle",
".",
"on",
"the",
"establishment",
"of",
"the",
"irish",
"free",
"state",
"the",
"banners",
"of",
"the",
"living",
"knights",
"were",
"removed",
".",
"when",
"the",
"hall",
"was",
"red",
"##ec",
"##ora",
"##ted",
"in",
"1962",
"it",
"was",
"decided",
"that",
"it",
"should",
"be",
"hung",
"with",
"the",
"banners",
"of",
"the",
"members",
"of",
"the",
"order",
"in",
"1922",
".",
"the",
"existing",
"banners",
"were",
"repaired",
"or",
"new",
"ones",
"made",
";",
"it",
"is",
"these",
"banners",
"which",
"can",
"be",
"seen",
"today",
".",
"the",
"hall",
",",
"which",
"was",
"renamed",
"st",
"patrick",
"'",
"s",
"hall",
"from",
"its",
"association",
"with",
"the",
"order",
",",
"also",
"served",
"as",
"the",
"chance",
"##ry",
"of",
"the",
"order",
".",
"installation",
"ceremonies",
",",
"and",
"later",
"invest",
"##it",
"##ures",
",",
"were",
"held",
"here",
",",
"often",
"on",
"st",
"patrick",
"'",
"s",
"day",
",",
"until",
"they",
"were",
"discontinued",
".",
"a",
"banquet",
"for",
"the",
"knights"
] | 879,584 |
castle. on the establishment of the irish free state the banners of the living knights were removed. when the hall was redecorated in 1962 it was decided that it should be hung with the banners of the members of the order in 1922. the existing banners were repaired or new ones made ; it is these banners which can be seen today. the hall, which was renamed st patrick's hall from its association with the order, also served as the chancery of the order. installation ceremonies, and later investitures, were held here, often on st patrick's day, until they were discontinued. a banquet for the knights
| 177 |
[
"was",
"often",
"held",
"in",
"the",
"hall",
"on",
"the",
"occasion",
"of",
"an",
"installation",
".",
"st",
"patrick",
"'",
"s",
"hall",
"now",
"serves",
"as",
"the",
"location",
"for",
"the",
"inauguration",
"of",
"the",
"president",
"of",
"ireland",
".",
"unlike",
"many",
"of",
"the",
"other",
"british",
"orders",
",",
"the",
"stall",
"plates",
"(",
"or",
"hatch",
"##ment",
"plates",
")",
"do",
"not",
"form",
"a",
"continuous",
"record",
"of",
"the",
"knights",
"of",
"the",
"order",
".",
"there",
"are",
"only",
"34",
"stall",
"plates",
"for",
"the",
"80",
"or",
"so",
"knights",
"appointed",
"before",
"1871",
",",
"(",
"although",
"others",
"were",
"destroyed",
"in",
"a",
"fire",
"in",
"1940",
")",
",",
"and",
"40",
"hatch",
"##ments",
"plates",
"for",
"the",
"60",
"knights",
"appointed",
"subsequently",
".",
"in",
"the",
"case",
"of",
"the",
"stall",
"plates",
"this",
"was",
"perhaps",
"due",
"to",
"their",
"size",
",",
"30",
"##x",
"##36",
"cm",
"(",
"12",
"##x",
"##14",
"in",
")",
"."
] | 879,585 |
was often held in the hall on the occasion of an installation. st patrick's hall now serves as the location for the inauguration of the president of ireland. unlike many of the other british orders, the stall plates ( or hatchment plates ) don't form a continuous record of the knights of the order. there are only 34 stall plates for the 80 or so knights appointed before 1871, ( although others were destroyed in a fire in 1940 ), and 40 hatchments plates for the 60 knights appointed subsequently. in the case of the stall plates this was perhaps due to their size, 30x36 cm ( 12x14 in ).
| 177 |
[
"=",
"=",
"precedence",
"and",
"privileges",
"=",
"=",
"since",
"the",
"members",
"of",
"the",
"order",
"were",
"required",
"to",
"be",
"knights",
",",
"and",
"in",
"practice",
"had",
"higher",
"rank",
",",
"many",
"of",
"the",
"privileges",
"of",
"membership",
"were",
"rendered",
"mo",
"##ot",
".",
"as",
"knights",
"they",
"could",
"prefix",
"\"",
"sir",
"\"",
"to",
"their",
"fore",
"##name",
"##s",
",",
"but",
"the",
"form",
"was",
"never",
"used",
"in",
"speech",
",",
"as",
"they",
"were",
"referred",
"to",
"by",
"their",
"peerage",
"dig",
"##ni",
"##ties",
".",
"they",
"were",
"assigned",
"positions",
"in",
"the",
"order",
"of",
"precedence",
",",
"but",
"had",
"higher",
"positions",
"by",
"virtue",
"of",
"their",
"peerage",
"dig",
"##ni",
"##ties",
".",
"knights",
"used",
"the",
"post",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"nominal",
"letters",
"\"",
"k",
"##p",
"\"",
".",
"when",
"an",
"individual",
"was",
"entitled",
"to",
"use",
"multiple",
"post",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"nominal",
"letters",
",",
"k",
"##p",
"appeared",
"before"
] | 879,586 |
= = precedence and privileges = = since the members of the order were required to be knights, and in practice had higher rank, many of the privileges of membership were rendered moot. as knights they could prefix " sir " to their forenames, but the form was never used in speech, as they were referred to by their peerage dignities. they were assigned positions in the order of precedence, but had higher positions by virtue of their peerage dignities. knights used the post @ - @ nominal letters " kp ". when an individual was entitled to use multiple post @ - @ nominal letters, kp appeared before
| 426 |
[
"all",
"others",
",",
"except",
"\"",
"bt",
"\"",
"and",
"\"",
"bt",
"##ss",
"\"",
"(",
"baronet",
"and",
"baronet",
"##ess",
")",
",",
"\"",
"vc",
"\"",
"(",
"victoria",
"cross",
")",
",",
"\"",
"g",
"##c",
"\"",
"(",
"george",
"cross",
")",
",",
"\"",
"kg",
"\"",
"(",
"knight",
"of",
"the",
"ga",
"##rter",
")",
"and",
"\"",
"k",
"##t",
"\"",
"(",
"knight",
"of",
"the",
"thistle",
")",
".",
"knights",
"could",
"en",
"##ci",
"##rcle",
"their",
"arms",
"with",
"a",
"depiction",
"of",
"the",
"circle",
"##t",
"(",
"a",
"blue",
"circle",
"bearing",
"the",
"motto",
")",
"and",
"the",
"collar",
";",
"the",
"former",
"is",
"shown",
"either",
"outside",
"or",
"on",
"top",
"of",
"the",
"latter",
".",
"the",
"badge",
"is",
"depicted",
"suspended",
"from",
"the",
"collar",
".",
"they",
"were",
"also",
"entitled",
"to",
"receive",
"heraldic",
"supporters",
".",
"this",
"high",
"privilege",
"was",
",",
"and",
"is",
",",
"only",
"shared",
"by",
"members",
"of"
] | 879,587 |
all others, except " bt " and " btss " ( baronet and baronetess ), " vc " ( victoria cross ), " gc " ( george cross ), " kg " ( knight of the garter ) and " kt " ( knight of the thistle ). knights could encircle their arms with a depiction of the circlet ( a blue circle bearing the motto ) and the collar ; the former is shown either outside or on top of the latter. the badge is depicted suspended from the collar. they were also entitled to receive heraldic supporters. this high privilege was, and is, only shared by members of
| 178 |
[
"the",
"royal",
"family",
",",
"peers",
",",
"knights",
"and",
"ladies",
"of",
"the",
"ga",
"##rter",
",",
"knights",
"and",
"ladies",
"of",
"the",
"thistle",
",",
"and",
"knights",
"and",
"dame",
"##s",
"grand",
"cross",
"of",
"the",
"junior",
"orders",
".",
"(",
"of",
"course",
",",
"knights",
"of",
"st",
"patrick",
",",
"normally",
"all",
"being",
"members",
"of",
"the",
"british",
"royal",
"family",
"or",
"peers",
",",
"were",
"mostly",
"entitled",
"to",
"supporters",
"in",
"any",
"event",
".",
")",
"=",
"colton",
"point",
"state",
"park",
"=",
"colton",
"point",
"state",
"park",
"is",
"a",
"36",
"##8",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"acre",
"(",
"149",
"ha",
")",
"pennsylvania",
"state",
"park",
"in",
"ti",
"##oga",
"county",
",",
"pennsylvania",
",",
"in",
"the",
"united",
"states",
".",
"it",
"is",
"on",
"the",
"west",
"side",
"of",
"the",
"pine",
"creek",
"gorge",
",",
"also",
"known",
"as",
"the",
"grand",
"canyon",
"of",
"pennsylvania",
",",
"which",
"is",
"800",
"feet",
"(",
"240"
] | 879,588 |
the royal family, peers, knights and ladies of the garter, knights and ladies of the thistle, and knights and dames grand cross of the junior orders. ( of course, knights of st patrick, normally all being members of the british royal family or peers, were mostly entitled to supporters in any event. ) = colton point state park = colton point state park is a 368 @ - @ acre ( 149 ha ) pennsylvania state park in tioga county, pennsylvania, in the united states. it is on the west side of the pine creek gorge, also known as the grand canyon of pennsylvania, which is 800 feet ( 240
| 177 |
[
"m",
")",
"deep",
"and",
"nearly",
"4",
"@",
",",
"@",
"000",
"feet",
"(",
"1",
"@",
",",
"@",
"200",
"m",
")",
"across",
"at",
"this",
"location",
".",
"the",
"park",
"extends",
"from",
"the",
"creek",
"in",
"the",
"bottom",
"of",
"the",
"gorge",
"up",
"to",
"the",
"rim",
"and",
"across",
"part",
"of",
"the",
"plateau",
"to",
"the",
"west",
".",
"colton",
"point",
"state",
"park",
"is",
"known",
"for",
"its",
"views",
"of",
"the",
"pine",
"creek",
"gorge",
",",
"and",
"offers",
"opportunities",
"for",
"picnic",
"##king",
",",
"hiking",
",",
"fishing",
"and",
"hunting",
",",
"white",
"##water",
"boating",
",",
"and",
"camping",
".",
"colton",
"point",
"is",
"surrounded",
"by",
"ti",
"##oga",
"state",
"forest",
"and",
"its",
"sister",
"park",
",",
"leonard",
"harrison",
"state",
"park",
",",
"on",
"the",
"east",
"rim",
".",
"the",
"park",
"is",
"on",
"a",
"state",
"forest",
"road",
"in",
"ship",
"##pen",
"township",
"5",
"miles",
"(",
"8",
"km",
")",
"south"
] | 879,589 |
m ) deep and nearly 4 @, @ 000 feet ( 1 @, @ 200 m ) across at this location. the park extends from the creek in the bottom of the gorge up to the rim and across part of the plateau to the west. colton point state park is known for its views of the pine creek gorge, and offers opportunities for picnicking, hiking, fishing and hunting, whitewater boating, and camping. colton point is surrounded by tioga state forest and its sister park, leonard harrison state park, on the east rim. the park is on a state forest road in shippen township 5 miles ( 8 km ) south
| 1,996 |
[
"of",
"u",
".",
"s",
".",
"route",
"6",
".",
"pine",
"creek",
"flows",
"through",
"the",
"park",
"and",
"has",
"carved",
"the",
"gorge",
"through",
"five",
"major",
"rock",
"formations",
"from",
"the",
"devon",
"##ian",
"and",
"carbon",
"##iferous",
"periods",
".",
"native",
"americans",
"once",
"used",
"the",
"pine",
"creek",
"path",
"along",
"the",
"creek",
".",
"the",
"path",
"was",
"later",
"used",
"by",
"lumber",
"##men",
",",
"and",
"then",
"became",
"the",
"course",
"of",
"a",
"railroad",
"from",
"1883",
"to",
"1988",
".",
"since",
"1996",
",",
"the",
"62",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"mile",
"(",
"100",
"km",
")",
"pine",
"creek",
"rail",
"trail",
"has",
"followed",
"the",
"creek",
"through",
"the",
"gorge",
".",
"the",
"pine",
"creek",
"gorge",
"was",
"named",
"a",
"national",
"natural",
"landmark",
"in",
"1968",
"and",
"is",
"also",
"protected",
"as",
"a",
"pennsylvania",
"state",
"natural",
"area",
"and",
"important",
"bird",
"area",
",",
"while",
"pine",
"creek",
"is",
"a",
"pennsylvania",
"scenic",
"and",
"wild"
] | 879,590 |
of u. s. route 6. pine creek flows through the park and has carved the gorge through five major rock formations from the devonian and carboniferous periods. native americans once used the pine creek path along the creek. the path was later used by lumbermen, and then became the course of a railroad from 1883 to 1988. since 1996, the 62 @ - @ mile ( 100 km ) pine creek rail trail has followed the creek through the gorge. the pine creek gorge was named a national natural landmark in 1968 and is also protected as a pennsylvania state natural area and important bird area, while pine creek is a pennsylvania scenic and wild
| 1,999 |
[
"river",
".",
"the",
"gorge",
"is",
"home",
"to",
"many",
"species",
"of",
"plants",
"and",
"animals",
",",
"some",
"of",
"which",
"have",
"been",
"reintroduced",
"to",
"the",
"area",
".",
"the",
"park",
"is",
"named",
"for",
"henry",
"colton",
",",
"a",
"williams",
"##port",
"lumber",
"##man",
"who",
"cut",
"timber",
"there",
"starting",
"in",
"1879",
".",
"although",
"the",
"pine",
"creek",
"gorge",
"was",
"clear",
"##cut",
"in",
"the",
"19th",
"and",
"early",
"20th",
"centuries",
",",
"it",
"is",
"now",
"covered",
"by",
"second",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"growth",
"forest",
",",
"thanks",
"in",
"part",
"to",
"the",
"conservation",
"efforts",
"of",
"the",
"civilian",
"conservation",
"corps",
"(",
"cc",
"##c",
")",
"in",
"the",
"1930s",
".",
"the",
"cc",
"##c",
"built",
"the",
"facilities",
"at",
"colton",
"point",
"before",
"and",
"shortly",
"after",
"the",
"park",
"'",
"s",
"1936",
"opening",
".",
"most",
"of",
"the",
"cc",
"##c",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"built",
"facilities",
"remain",
"in",
"use",
",",
"and"
] | 879,591 |
river. the gorge is home to many species of plants and animals, some of which have been reintroduced to the area. the park is named for henry colton, a williamsport lumberman who cut timber there starting in 1879. although the pine creek gorge was clearcut in the 19th and early 20th centuries, it is now covered by second @ - @ growth forest, thanks in part to the conservation efforts of the civilian conservation corps ( ccc ) in the 1930s. the ccc built the facilities at colton point before and shortly after the park's 1936 opening. most of the ccc @ - @ built facilities remain in use, and
| 1,455 |
[
"have",
"led",
"to",
"the",
"park",
"'",
"s",
"listing",
"as",
"a",
"historic",
"district",
"on",
"the",
"national",
"register",
"of",
"historic",
"places",
".",
"since",
"a",
"successful",
"publicity",
"campaign",
"in",
"1936",
",",
"the",
"park",
"and",
"gorge",
"have",
"been",
"a",
"popular",
"tourist",
"destination",
",",
"attracting",
"hundreds",
"of",
"thousands",
"of",
"visitors",
"each",
"year",
".",
"colton",
"point",
"state",
"park",
"was",
"chosen",
"by",
"the",
"pennsylvania",
"department",
"of",
"conservation",
"and",
"natural",
"resources",
"(",
"dc",
"##nr",
")",
"bureau",
"of",
"parks",
"for",
"its",
"\"",
"25",
"must",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"see",
"pennsylvania",
"state",
"parks",
"\"",
"list",
",",
"which",
"praised",
"its",
"\"",
"spectacular",
"vista",
"##s",
"and",
"a",
"fabulous",
"view",
"of",
"pine",
"creek",
"gorge",
"\"",
".",
"=",
"=",
"=",
"native",
"americans",
"=",
"=",
"=",
"humans",
"have",
"lived",
"in",
"what",
"is",
"now",
"pennsylvania",
"since",
"at",
"least",
"10",
"@",
",",
"@",
"000",
"bc",
"."
] | 879,592 |
have led to the park's listing as a historic district on the national register of historic places. since a successful publicity campaign in 1936, the park and gorge have been a popular tourist destination, attracting hundreds of thousands of visitors each year. colton point state park was chosen by the pennsylvania department of conservation and natural resources ( dcnr ) bureau of parks for its " 25 must @ - @ see pennsylvania state parks " list, which praised its " spectacular vistas and a fabulous view of pine creek gorge ". = = = native americans = = = humans have lived in what is now pennsylvania since at least 10 @, @ 000 bc.
| 845 |
[
"the",
"first",
"settlers",
"were",
"pale",
"##o",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"indian",
"nomadic",
"hunters",
"known",
"from",
"their",
"stone",
"tools",
".",
"the",
"hunter",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"gather",
"##ers",
"of",
"the",
"archaic",
"period",
",",
"which",
"lasted",
"locally",
"from",
"700",
"##0",
"to",
"1000",
"bc",
",",
"used",
"a",
"greater",
"variety",
"of",
"more",
"sophisticated",
"stone",
"artifacts",
".",
"the",
"woodland",
"period",
"marked",
"the",
"gradual",
"transition",
"to",
"semi",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"permanent",
"villages",
"and",
"ho",
"##rti",
"##culture",
",",
"between",
"1000",
"bc",
"and",
"1500",
"ad",
".",
"archeological",
"evidence",
"found",
"in",
"the",
"state",
"from",
"this",
"time",
"includes",
"a",
"range",
"of",
"pottery",
"types",
"and",
"styles",
",",
"burial",
"mounds",
",",
"pipes",
",",
"bows",
"and",
"arrows",
",",
"and",
"ornaments",
".",
"colton",
"point",
"state",
"park",
"is",
"in",
"the",
"west",
"branch",
"susquehanna",
"river",
"drainage",
"basin",
",",
"the",
"earliest",
"recorded",
"inhabitants",
"of",
"which",
"were",
"the"
] | 879,593 |
the first settlers were paleo @ - @ indian nomadic hunters known from their stone tools. the hunter @ - @ gatherers of the archaic period, which lasted locally from 7000 to 1000 bc, used a greater variety of more sophisticated stone artifacts. the woodland period marked the gradual transition to semi @ - @ permanent villages and horticulture, between 1000 bc and 1500 ad. archeological evidence found in the state from this time includes a range of pottery types and styles, burial mounds, pipes, bows and arrows, and ornaments. colton point state park is in the west branch susquehanna river drainage basin, the earliest recorded inhabitants of which were the
| 1,012 |
[
"ir",
"##o",
"##qu",
"##oia",
"##n",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"speaking",
"su",
"##sque",
"##han",
"##nock",
"##s",
".",
"they",
"were",
"a",
"mat",
"##ria",
"##rch",
"##al",
"society",
"that",
"lived",
"in",
"stock",
"##ade",
"##d",
"villages",
"of",
"large",
"long",
"houses",
",",
"and",
"\"",
"occasionally",
"inhabited",
"\"",
"the",
"mountains",
"surrounding",
"the",
"pine",
"creek",
"gorge",
".",
"their",
"numbers",
"were",
"greatly",
"reduced",
"by",
"disease",
"and",
"warfare",
"with",
"the",
"five",
"nations",
"of",
"the",
"iroquois",
",",
"and",
"by",
"1675",
"they",
"had",
"died",
"out",
",",
"moved",
"away",
",",
"or",
"been",
"ass",
"##imi",
"##lated",
"into",
"other",
"tribes",
".",
"after",
"this",
",",
"the",
"lands",
"of",
"the",
"west",
"branch",
"susquehanna",
"river",
"valley",
"were",
"under",
"the",
"nominal",
"control",
"of",
"the",
"iroquois",
".",
"the",
"iroquois",
"lived",
"in",
"long",
"houses",
",",
"primarily",
"in",
"what",
"is",
"now",
"new",
"york",
",",
"and",
"had",
"a",
"strong",
"confederacy",
"which",
"gave"
] | 879,594 |
iroquoian @ - @ speaking susquehannocks. they were a matriarchal society that lived in stockaded villages of large long houses, and " occasionally inhabited " the mountains surrounding the pine creek gorge. their numbers were greatly reduced by disease and warfare with the five nations of the iroquois, and by 1675 they had died out, moved away, or been assimilated into other tribes. after this, the lands of the west branch susquehanna river valley were under the nominal control of the iroquois. the iroquois lived in long houses, primarily in what is now new york, and had a strong confederacy which gave
| 544 |
[
"them",
"power",
"beyond",
"their",
"numbers",
".",
"they",
"and",
"other",
"tribes",
"used",
"the",
"pine",
"creek",
"path",
"through",
"the",
"gorge",
",",
"traveling",
"between",
"a",
"path",
"on",
"the",
"genes",
"##ee",
"river",
"in",
"modern",
"new",
"york",
"in",
"the",
"north",
",",
"and",
"the",
"great",
"sham",
"##oki",
"##n",
"path",
"along",
"the",
"west",
"branch",
"susquehanna",
"river",
"in",
"the",
"south",
".",
"the",
"seneca",
"tribe",
"of",
"the",
"iroquois",
"believed",
"that",
"pine",
"creek",
"gorge",
"was",
"sacred",
"land",
"and",
"never",
"established",
"a",
"permanent",
"settlement",
"there",
".",
"they",
"used",
"the",
"path",
"through",
"the",
"gorge",
"and",
"had",
"seasonal",
"hunting",
"camps",
"along",
"it",
",",
"including",
"one",
"just",
"north",
"of",
"the",
"park",
"near",
"what",
"would",
"later",
"be",
"the",
"village",
"of",
"anson",
"##ia",
".",
"to",
"fill",
"the",
"void",
"left",
"by",
"the",
"demise",
"of",
"the",
"su",
"##sque",
"##han",
"##nock",
"##s",
",",
"the",
"iroquois",
"encouraged",
"displaced"
] | 879,595 |
them power beyond their numbers. they and other tribes used the pine creek path through the gorge, traveling between a path on the genesee river in modern new york in the north, and the great shamokin path along the west branch susquehanna river in the south. the seneca tribe of the iroquois believed that pine creek gorge was sacred land and never established a permanent settlement there. they used the path through the gorge and had seasonal hunting camps along it, including one just north of the park near what would later be the village of ansonia. to fill the void left by the demise of the susquehannocks, the iroquois encouraged displaced
| 1,996 |
[
"tribes",
"from",
"the",
"east",
"to",
"settle",
"in",
"the",
"west",
"branch",
"watershed",
",",
"including",
"the",
"shawn",
"##ee",
"and",
"lena",
"##pe",
"(",
"or",
"delaware",
")",
".",
"the",
"french",
"and",
"indian",
"war",
"(",
"1754",
"–",
"63",
")",
"led",
"to",
"the",
"migration",
"of",
"many",
"native",
"americans",
"westward",
"to",
"the",
"ohio",
"river",
"basin",
".",
"on",
"november",
"5",
",",
"1768",
",",
"the",
"british",
"acquired",
"the",
"new",
"purchase",
"from",
"the",
"iroquois",
"in",
"the",
"treaty",
"of",
"fort",
"stan",
"##wi",
"##x",
",",
"including",
"what",
"is",
"now",
"the",
"pine",
"creek",
"gorge",
"east",
"of",
"the",
"creek",
".",
"the",
"purchase",
"line",
"established",
"by",
"this",
"treaty",
"was",
"disputed",
",",
"as",
"it",
"was",
"unclear",
"whether",
"the",
"border",
"along",
"\"",
"tia",
"##da",
"##ghton",
"creek",
"\"",
"referred",
"to",
"pine",
"creek",
"or",
"to",
"l",
"##y",
"##coming",
"creek",
",",
"further",
"to",
"the",
"east",
".",
"as",
"a"
] | 879,596 |
tribes from the east to settle in the west branch watershed, including the shawnee and lenape ( or delaware ). the french and indian war ( 1754 – 63 ) led to the migration of many native americans westward to the ohio river basin. on november 5, 1768, the british acquired the new purchase from the iroquois in the treaty of fort stanwix, including what is now the pine creek gorge east of the creek. the purchase line established by this treaty was disputed, as it was unclear whether the border along " tiadaghton creek " referred to pine creek or to lycoming creek, further to the east. as a
| 1,999 |
[
"result",
",",
"the",
"land",
"between",
"them",
"was",
"disputed",
"territory",
"until",
"1784",
"and",
"the",
"second",
"treaty",
"of",
"fort",
"stan",
"##wi",
"##x",
".",
"after",
"the",
"american",
"revolutionary",
"war",
",",
"native",
"americans",
"almost",
"entirely",
"left",
"pennsylvania",
";",
"some",
"isolated",
"bands",
"of",
"natives",
"remained",
"in",
"pine",
"creek",
"gorge",
"until",
"the",
"war",
"of",
"1812",
".",
"prior",
"to",
"the",
"arrival",
"of",
"william",
"penn",
"and",
"his",
"quaker",
"colonists",
"in",
"1682",
",",
"up",
"to",
"90",
"percent",
"of",
"what",
"is",
"now",
"pennsylvania",
"was",
"covered",
"with",
"woods",
":",
"more",
"than",
"31",
"@",
",",
"@",
"000",
"square",
"miles",
"(",
"80",
"@",
",",
"@",
"000",
"km",
"##2",
")",
"of",
"eastern",
"white",
"pine",
",",
"eastern",
"hem",
"##lock",
",",
"and",
"a",
"mix",
"of",
"hardwood",
"##s",
".",
"the",
"forests",
"near",
"the",
"three",
"original",
"counties",
",",
"philadelphia",
",",
"bucks",
",",
"and",
"chester",
",",
"were"
] | 879,597 |
result, the land between them was disputed territory until 1784 and the second treaty of fort stanwix. after the american revolutionary war, native americans almost entirely left pennsylvania ; some isolated bands of natives remained in pine creek gorge until the war of 1812. prior to the arrival of william penn and his quaker colonists in 1682, up to 90 percent of what is now pennsylvania was covered with woods : more than 31 @, @ 000 square miles ( 80 @, @ 000 km2 ) of eastern white pine, eastern hemlock, and a mix of hardwoods. the forests near the three original counties, philadelphia, bucks, and chester, were
| 793 |
[
"the",
"first",
"to",
"be",
"harvested",
",",
"as",
"the",
"early",
"settlers",
"used",
"the",
"readily",
"available",
"timber",
"and",
"cleared",
"land",
"for",
"agriculture",
".",
"by",
"the",
"time",
"of",
"the",
"american",
"revolution",
",",
"logging",
"had",
"reached",
"the",
"interior",
"and",
"mountainous",
"regions",
",",
"and",
"became",
"a",
"leading",
"industry",
"in",
"pennsylvania",
".",
"trees",
"furnished",
"fuel",
"to",
"heat",
"homes",
",",
"tan",
"##nin",
"for",
"the",
"state",
"'",
"s",
"many",
"tanner",
"##ies",
",",
"and",
"wood",
"for",
"construction",
",",
"furniture",
",",
"and",
"barrel",
"making",
".",
"large",
"areas",
"of",
"forest",
"were",
"harvested",
"by",
"collier",
"##s",
"to",
"fire",
"iron",
"furnace",
"##s",
".",
"rifle",
"stocks",
"and",
"shin",
"##gles",
"were",
"made",
"from",
"pennsylvania",
"timber",
",",
"as",
"were",
"a",
"wide",
"variety",
"of",
"household",
"ut",
"##ens",
"##ils",
",",
"and",
"the",
"first",
"cones",
"##to",
"##ga",
"wagons",
".",
"by",
"the",
"early",
"19th",
"century",
"the",
"demand",
"for"
] | 879,598 |
the first to be harvested, as the early settlers used the readily available timber and cleared land for agriculture. by the time of the american revolution, logging had reached the interior and mountainous regions, and became a leading industry in pennsylvania. trees furnished fuel to heat homes, tannin for the state's many tanneries, and wood for construction, furniture, and barrel making. large areas of forest were harvested by colliers to fire iron furnaces. rifle stocks and shingles were made from pennsylvania timber, as were a wide variety of household utensils, and the first conestoga wagons. by the early 19th century the demand for
| 1,558 |
[
"lumber",
"reached",
"the",
"pine",
"creek",
"gorge",
",",
"where",
"the",
"surrounding",
"mountains",
"##ides",
"were",
"covered",
"with",
"eastern",
"white",
"pine",
"3",
"to",
"6",
"feet",
"(",
"1",
"to",
"2",
"m",
")",
"in",
"diameter",
"and",
"150",
"feet",
"(",
"50",
"m",
")",
"or",
"more",
"tall",
",",
"eastern",
"hem",
"##lock",
"9",
"feet",
"(",
"3",
"m",
")",
"in",
"ci",
"##rc",
"##um",
"##ference",
",",
"and",
"huge",
"hardwood",
"##s",
".",
"each",
"acre",
"(",
"0",
"@",
".",
"@",
"4",
"ha",
")",
"of",
"these",
"virgin",
"forests",
"produced",
"100",
"@",
",",
"@",
"000",
"board",
"feet",
"(",
"200",
"m3",
")",
"of",
"white",
"pine",
"and",
"200",
"@",
",",
"@",
"000",
"board",
"feet",
"(",
"500",
"m3",
")",
"of",
"hem",
"##lock",
"and",
"hardwood",
"##s",
".",
"for",
"comparison",
",",
"the",
"same",
"area",
"of",
"forest",
"today",
"produces",
"a",
"total",
"of",
"only",
"5",
"@",
",",
"@",
"000"
] | 879,599 |
lumber reached the pine creek gorge, where the surrounding mountainsides were covered with eastern white pine 3 to 6 feet ( 1 to 2 m ) in diameter and 150 feet ( 50 m ) or more tall, eastern hemlock 9 feet ( 3 m ) in circumference, and huge hardwoods. each acre ( 0 @. @ 4 ha ) of these virgin forests produced 100 @, @ 000 board feet ( 200 m3 ) of white pine and 200 @, @ 000 board feet ( 500 m3 ) of hemlock and hardwoods. for comparison, the same area of forest today produces a total of only 5 @, @ 000
| 1,478 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.