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] | 879,300 |
lower @ - @ ranking tribal chieftains was intelligence gathering regarding enemy movements near the frontier. among the official duties of the amir al @ - @ ʿarab and the syrian bedouin tribes was the defense of the sultanate's boundaries, and maintenance and oversight of the roads, bridges and mountain passes of the desert and within their iqtaʿat. this also entailed the protection of merchant travelers and the annual hajj pilgrim caravan, which traversed bedouin territory to reach the muslim holy cities of mecca and medina in the hejaz. tribesmen also served as desert guides for the army and state officials. the amir al
| 1,245 |
[
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"##d",
".",
"noble",
"horses",
"and"
] | 879,301 |
@ - @ ʿarab was further responsible for collecting zakat ( dues ) on the livestock of the bedouin tribes. during sultan baybar's reign ( 1260 – 1277 ), a barid ( postal route ) was created between egypt and syria, which enabled the sultan to remain constantly notified of developments in the provinces. it served as a major centralizing factor in the mamluk state, and each postal station required transport horses, which the tribes provided. according to sato, the tribes'supply of horses and camels was " indispensable for the maintenance " of the barid. noble horses and
| 937 |
[
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"to",
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"##ouin",
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"in",
"pre",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"islamic",
"times"
] | 879,302 |
young camels were also provided by the amir al @ - @ ʿarab to the royal stables of the mamluk sultans on an annual basis. under the early ottomans, the amir al @ - @ ʿarab was required to provision the sultan's stables with 1 @, @ 050 young camels and 30 young horses, the collective annual value of which was 240 @, @ 000 akce. this formed part of the sultan's revenue from the damascus eyalet. the syrian desert, which extended from balis to ayla, had been inhabited by arab bedouin tribes in pre @ - @ islamic times
| 1,243 |
[
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",",
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] | 879,303 |
( before mid @ - @ 7th century ). in the 250 years after the muslim conquest of syria in the 630s, the bedouin were brought under the authority of the rashidun ( 632 – 661 ), umayyad ( 661 – 750 ) and early abbasid ( 750 – 861 ) caliphates. throughout this period, various bedouin tribes participated in umayyad dynastic struggles, the abbasid revolution, the rebellious kharijite and alid movements and isolated revolts. following the abbasid decline in 861, state authority in the syrian desert receded significantly, leaving the local bed
| 203 |
[
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"ban",
"##u",
"k",
"##ha",
"##fa",
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] | 879,304 |
##ouin tribes to fill the void. the hamdanid dynasty ( 890 – 1004 ), from the banu taghlib tribe, represented the new @ - @ found strength of the bedouin, and according to 14th @ - @ century historian ibn khaldun, they commanded the subservience of all bedouin tribes in the syrian desert and upper mesopotamia. other tribal dynasties that emerged in this region before or after the heyday of the hamdanids included the uqaylids ( 990 – 1096 ), numayrids, the banu assad and banu khafaja. by
| 899 |
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"of",
"the"
] | 879,305 |
the late 10th century, the jarrahids ( 970s – mid 11th century ) of banu tayy and the mirdasids ( 1024 – 1080 ) of banu kilab dominated southern and northern syria, respectively, first in association with the qarmatians, and then as nominal partners of the fatimids, who ruled syria between 977 and 1071. as a result of the seljuk invasion in the latter half of the 11th century, only the banu rabi'ah, a branch of the jarrahids, remained as an influential force in the syrian desert by the end of the
| 105 |
[
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",",
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"##ara",
"##b",
"al",
"@",
"-",
"@",
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"\"",
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"bed",
"##ouin",
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"\"",
".",
"hassan",
"ibn",
"mu",
"##far",
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"##rah",
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"and",
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"##ih",
",",
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] | 879,306 |
century. there is scant information about the authorities'management of the syrian desert bedouin between the early 11th and mid @ - @ 13th centuries. likewise, the origins of the title of amir al @ - @ ʿarab are unclear. a number of medieval muslim chroniclers referred to salih ibn mirdas ( d. 1029 ), the founder of the mirdasid emirate in aleppo, as amir ʿarab al @ - @ sham, which translates from arabic as " commander of the bedouin of syria ". hassan ibn mufarrij, the jarrahid chieftain and ally of salih, was also
| 1,242 |
[
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"of",
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"after",
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"or",
"whether",
"it",
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"in",
"the",
"7th",
"century",
"is",
"not",
"known",
".",
"za",
"##kka"
] | 879,307 |
referred to as amir al @ - @ ʿarab by medieval sources. according to historian suhayl zakkar, the " value " of the title " is not known but at least indicates the high position of its holder ". moreover, zakkar asserts : it is not known whether salih was the first holder of this title or whether, indeed, it had existed previously. the origin of it is obscure for whether it was created by the tribes of syria after islam or whether it existed in arabia before the rise of islam and was then carried to syria after the islamic conquest in the 7th century is not known. zakka
| 1,245 |
[
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",",
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"authority",
"over",
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"bed",
"##ouin",
"tribes",
"of",
"syria",
".",
"in",
"early",
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"there",
"is",
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"##yi",
"##d",
"ahl",
"al",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"bad",
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"(",
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"##yi",
"##d",
"q",
"##ays",
"(",
"master",
"of",
"the",
"tribes",
"of",
"q",
"##ays"
] | 879,308 |
##r speculates that the amir al @ - @ ʿarab could have been a " revival or continuation " of a pre @ - @ islamic ( mid @ - @ 6th century ) political tradition among the bedouin of syria whereby the chieftain of the ghassanids, vassals of the byzantine empire, served as the supreme arab phylarch ( tribal chieftain ), giving him formal authority over the bedouin tribes of syria. in early muslim chronicles, there is often references to sayyid ahl al @ - @ badiya ( master of the desert dwellers ) or sayyid qays ( master of the tribes of qays
| 1,243 |
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"al",
"@",
"-"
] | 879,309 |
), which zakkar believes are possible " starting points which, in the course of time, developed to the title of amir arab al @ - @ sham ". during the zengid period in syria ( 1128 – 1182 ), some bedouin chieftains were accorded iqtaʿat, paid taxes called ʿidad on their livestock, and performed military duties. the groundwork for regulating bedouin affairs in syria was laid by the ayyubid sultanate's founder, saladin ( r. 1171 – 1193 ) ; in 1182, the latter entrusted the governor of damascus, ibn al @ -
| 1,243 |
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] | 879,310 |
@ muqaddam, as the muhakkim ( arbitrator ) and overseer of " all the arabs " and who was " responsible for... making the customary payments to them and collecting the customary dues from them ". according to historian mustafa a. hiyari, saladin's brother and successor, sultan al @ - @ adil ( r. 1200 – 1218 ), founded the formal institution of the imarat al @ - @ ʿarab ( emirate of the bedouin ) and appointed haditha ibn ghudayya as the first amir al @ - @ ʿarab.
| 1,252 |
[
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"-",
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"tribe",
","
] | 879,311 |
haditha was a grandson of the jarrahid emir fadl ibn rabi'ah, the progenitor of the al fadl clan of banu rabi'ah. members of the clan were direct descendants of the fatimid @ - @ era jarrahid governor of palestine, mufarrij ibn daghfal ibn al @ - @ jarrah ( d. 1013 ). by the late 12th century, the banu rabi'ah and its sub @ - @ clans, al fadl, al mira and al faraj, together with the sub @ - @ clans of its ancestral tribe,
| 1,242 |
[
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"title",
"of",
"amir",
"al",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"ʿ",
"##ara"
] | 879,312 |
the tayy, dominated the desert and steppe regions between homs in the west to the eastern banks of the euphrates river and southward to central najd and hejaz. however, despite their influence, the mamluk historian al @ - @ hamdani ( d. 1300 ) maintains that " no member of this clan [ banu rabi'ah ] was appointed as amir al @ - @ ʿarab by diploma from the sultan " until haditha's appointment by al @ - @ adil. meanwhile, leaders of the kilab continued to hold the title of amir al @ - @ ʿara
| 1,252 |
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"##d",
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] | 879,313 |
##b after the ayyubid conquest of aleppo in 1182. as a result, haditha's jurisdiction initially did not extend to the aleppo region ( northern syria ). however, during the latter half of az @ - @ zahir ghazi ( r. 1193 – 1216 ) of aleppo's reign, the kilab were brought under haditha's authority and were stripped of the amir al @ - @ ʿarab title. according to medieval arab historian ibn al @ - @ adim ( d. 1262 ), the kilab's status was downgraded because of the growing power of
| 1,243 |
[
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"121",
"##8",
"–",
"123",
"##8",
")",
"between",
"had",
"##itha",
"'"
] | 879,314 |
the tayy clans, while al @ - @ hamdani asserts that the numerically @ - @ superior kilab were weakened by a divided leadership. following the extension of haditha's jurisdiction to their traditional territory, some of the kilab migrated north to anatolia, while those who remained became allies of haditha's al fadl clan. following al @ - @ adil's death in 1218 and the death of haditha a few years later, the imarat al @ - @ ʿarab was divided by sultan al @ - @ kamil ( r. 1218 – 1238 ) between haditha '
| 1,252 |
[
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"-",
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"##na",
"i",
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"agreement",
"between",
"the",
"a",
"##y",
"##yu",
"##bid",
"emir",
"##s",
"of",
"ho"
] | 879,315 |
s sons mani and ali, who founded the independent al ali branch of al fadl, and their kinsman, ghannam ibn abi tahir of the al faraj clan. as mani's position was bolstered by his cooperation with the ayyubids in their military campaigns and keeping the bedouin in check, al @ - @ kamil dismissed ghannam and ali, leaving mani as the sole amir al @ - @ ʿarab. when mani died in 1232 / 33, he was succeeded by his son muhanna i after an agreement between the ayyubid emirs of ho
| 1,252 |
[
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"bestowed",
"on",
"ali",
"or",
"his",
"son",
"abu",
"ba",
"##kr",
"."
] | 879,316 |
##ms and damascus, al @ - @ mujahid shirkuh ii and al @ - @ ashraf musa, respectively, without input from the sultan of egypt. from this period until 1260, only scant information is available about the imarat al @ - @ ʿarab. however, it is known that in 1240, muhanna i was replaced by tahir ibn ghannam by the ayyubid regent of aleppo, dayfa khatun, for tahir's support against her dynastic opponents. some years later, the title was bestowed on ali or his son abu bakr.
| 1,252 |
[
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"gave",
"him",
"iq",
"##ta",
"'",
"at",
"elsewhere",
"in",
"syria",
","
] | 879,317 |
the mamluk sultanate annexed syria in 1260, and maintained the imarat al @ - @ ʿarab in syria. in 1260 – 1261, sultans qutuz or baybars replaced ali or abu bakr with isa ibn muhanna, who was granted sarmin and half of salamiyah as his iqtaʿ. ahmad ibn tahir and zamil ibn ali contested isa's appointment, with the former demanding part of the emirate and the latter seeking to replace isa. baybars did not accord ahmad ibn tahir a share but gave him iqta'at elsewhere in syria,
| 1,242 |
[
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"-",
"@",
"ʿ",
"##ara",
"##b",
"(",
"king",
"of",
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] | 879,318 |
whereas zamil opened a rebellion against isa. the latter called for mamluk support and zamil was consequently apprehended by mamluk troops from aleppo. he was imprisoned in cairo but soon after released after baybars mediated between him, isa and other banu rabi'ah emirs. a further challenge to isa came from his powerful kinsman, ahmad ibn hajji of al mira, who eventually desisted from confronting isa when baybars gave him virtual independence in the southern syrian desert. ahmad ibn hajji was referred to malik al @ - @ ʿarab ( king of the
| 1,242 |
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"'",
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",",
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"##ci"
] | 879,319 |
bedouin ) in mamluk sources and numerous tribes came under his authority. relations between isa and the state were generally cooperative with few exceptions, and he participated in nearly all mamluk military campaigns against the mongol ilkhanate. toward the end of his reign, in 1281, isa received the oasis town of palmyra as additional iqtaʿ from sultan qalawun. his son muhanna ibn isa succeeded him following his death in 1284. muhanna and his brother fadl ibn isa, who served as amir al @ - @ ʿarab in between muhanna's dismissals, vaci
| 1,242 |
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"'",
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",",
"particularly",
"the",
"direct",
"descendants",
"of",
"mu"
] | 879,320 |
##llated between the mamluks under sultan an @ - @ nasir muhammad and the ilkhanate between 1311 and 1330. afterward, the al fadl became firmly part of the mamluk camp. an @ - @ nasir muhammad particularly lavished the al fadl emirs with iqta'at, gifts and honors to the extent that muhanna criticized the policy as over @ - @ indulging the bedouin, and in the process, weakening the muslim army. the imarat al @ - @ ʿarab remained in the hands of isa's household, particularly the direct descendants of mu
| 1,252 |
[
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"such",
"that",
"they",
"were",
"able",
"to",
"maintain",
"peace",
"and",
"order",
"among"
] | 879,321 |
##hanna ( al muhanna ), through the remainder of mamluk rule ( 1260 – 1516 ) with brief interruptions during which emirs from al ali held the post. by 1352, al muhanna numbered 110, all of whom held their own emirate and iqta'at. according to mustafa a. hiyari : the manipulation of the emirate [ sic ] by al muhanna for such a long time was the result of their ability to serve the interests of the mamluk state more than any other clan. their prestige was such that they were able to maintain peace and order among
| 1,252 |
[
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"damage",
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"countryside",
".",
"mu",
"##han",
"##na",
"was"
] | 879,322 |
the tribes and — what was much more important — to secure the safety of the hajj and trade routes. that is why the sultans of egypt and their provincial governors ( sing. na'ib ) in damascus and aleppo tried always to keep them under control and use every possible way to bring them back under the authority of the sultanate when they revolted, because their remaining outside mamluk authority would lead to continuous threats to the state's interests, the outcome of which would be the attacking and looting of the trade caravans, the disruption of the hajj, and considerable damage to the countryside. muhanna was
| 1,133 |
[
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"-",
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"and",
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"\"",
"that",
"\"",
"could",
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"ignored",
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"his",
"[",
"an",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"nas",
"##ir",
"muhammad",
"'",
"s",
"]"
] | 879,323 |
succeeded by his son muzaffar ad @ - @ din musa, who had remained loyal to an @ - @ nasir muhammad during his father's defection to the ilkhanate. an @ - @ nasir muhammad granted him substantial iqtaʿat in return for his loyalty and the supply of noble arabian horses, which an @ - @ nasir muhammad was particularly fond of. an @ - @ nasir muhammad's lavish treatment of musa and his family significantly empowered the al fadl and created " ties of obligation " that " could not be ignored by his [ an @ - @ nasir muhammad's ]
| 1,135 |
[
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"-",
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"ibn",
"fa",
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"@",
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"ʿ",
"##ara",
"##b",
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"mu",
"##han",
"##na",
"'",
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"iq",
"##ta",
"##ʿ",
"##at",
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"mu",
"##han",
"##na",
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"fa",
"##dl",
"'",
"s",
"offspring",
"and",
"pl",
"##under",
"##ing",
"caravan",
"##s"
] | 879,324 |
successors without provoking a bedouin mutiny ", according to historian amalia levanoni. this was especially so as central government control over syria increasingly diminished during the power vacuum following an @ - @ nasir muhammad's death. rivalry over the imarat al @ - @ ʿarab between the descendants of muhanna and fadl also intensified during this period. when isa ibn fadl was made amir al @ - @ ʿarab in 1342 and was transferred the al muhanna's iqtaʿat, the al muhanna responded by assaulting fadl's offspring and plundering caravans
| 1,252 |
[
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"##na",
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"##f",
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"20",
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",",
"@",
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"ahmad",
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"mu",
"##han",
"##na",
",",
"who",
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"##2",
",",
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"##app",
"##oint",
"##ed",
"amir",
"al",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"ʿ",
"##ara",
"##b",
"in",
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"##5",
",",
"and",
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"years",
"later",
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"fay",
"##yad",
"died",
"shortly",
"after",
"his",
"appointment",
"and",
"replaced",
"by",
"his"
] | 879,325 |
traveling the roads of northern syria. this included a raid on a rahba @ - @ bound caravan from baghdad in which al muhanna tribesmen looted all of its merchandise. isa was replaced by his brother sayf in 1343, after which muhanna's son fayyad defeated sayf in battle and seized 20 @, @ 000 of his camels. ahmad ibn muhanna, who had been imprisoned in 1342, was reappointed amir al @ - @ ʿarab in 1345, and was succeeded two years later by fayyad. fayyad died shortly after his appointment and replaced by his
| 1,242 |
[
"brother",
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"##ar",
".",
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"the",
"next",
"thirty",
"years",
",",
"hay",
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"and",
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"##0",
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"-",
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"##b",
".",
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"for",
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"the",
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"execution",
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"140",
"##6",
".",
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"'",
"a",
"##yr",
"'",
"s",
"son",
"i",
"##j",
"##l",
"had",
"sided",
"against",
"his",
"father",
"and",
"backed"
] | 879,326 |
brother hayar. for the next thirty years, hayar rebelled and reconciled with the mamluks and during times of rebellion he was often replaced by his brother zamil and cousin mu'ayqil ibn fadl ; sometimes the latter two ruled jointly. in 1380, hayar's son nu'ayr was appointed amir al @ - @ ʿarab. he was dismissed several times for revolting against the sultan's authority by supporting rebel governors in syria. his last reign ended with his execution in 1406. nu'ayr's son ijl had sided against his father and backed
| 1,242 |
[
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"fa",
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"im",
"##arat",
"al",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"ʿ",
"##ara",
"##b",
"\"",
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"to",
"historian",
"tri",
"##tton",
".",
"in",
"142",
"##7",
",",
"nu",
"'"
] | 879,327 |
sultan an @ - @ nasir faraj, who appointed him in place of nu'ayr. after ijl was killed by a mamluk rebel in 1412, the power of the al fadl largely diminished. nonetheless, members of the clan from hayar's line continued to fill the post of amir al @ - @ ʿarab, with husayn ibn nu'ayr succeeding fadl. however, from then on, mentions of the imarat al @ - @ ʿarab " in the histories are scanty and confused ", according to historian tritton. in 1427, nu '
| 1,252 |
[
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"the",
"following",
"year",
"in",
"revenge",
".",
"say",
"##f",
"'",
"s"
] | 879,328 |
ayr's grandson, adhra ibn ali was killed by his cousin qirqmas and succeeded by his brother mudlij ibn ali, who was killed by qirqmas in 1429. qirqmas died in 1436, though it is not clear if he had been appointed amir al @ - @ ʿarab. a grandson of nu'ayr, sayf ibn ali, killed the amir al @ - @ ʿarab and his cousin, sulayman ibn assaf, in 1480, but was himself killed by amir ibn ijl the following year in revenge. sayf's
| 1,242 |
[
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",",
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"direct",
"descendant",
"of",
"hay",
"##ar",
",",
"was",
"kept",
"in",
"his",
"position",
"by",
"ottoman",
"sultan",
",",
"se",
"##lim",
"i",
",",
"after",
"the",
"two",
"met",
"in",
"the",
"aftermath",
"of",
"mar",
"##j",
"da",
"##bi",
"##q",
".",
"mud",
"##li",
"##j",
"acted",
"as",
"a",
"law",
"unto",
"himself",
"and",
"fought",
"against",
"the",
"ottoman",
"governor",
"of",
"damascus",
",",
"isa",
"pasha",
"al",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"fan",
"##ari"
] | 879,329 |
son was recorded as the amir al @ - @ ʿarab in 1496. the mamluks were driven out of syria by the ottoman turks after the battle of marj dabiq in 1516. the mamluk @ - @ appointed amir al @ - @ ʿarab, mudlij ibn zahir, a direct descendant of hayar, was kept in his position by ottoman sultan, selim i, after the two met in the aftermath of marj dabiq. mudlij acted as a law unto himself and fought against the ottoman governor of damascus, isa pasha al @ - @ fanari
| 1,252 |
[
",",
"in",
"153",
"##0",
".",
"mud",
"##li",
"##j",
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"amir",
"al",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"ʿ",
"##ara",
"##b",
"until",
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"in",
"153",
"##8",
".",
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"was",
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"by",
"his",
"son",
"za",
"##hir",
",",
"who",
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"kin",
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"-",
"@",
"ur",
"##adi",
".",
"the",
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"za",
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",",
"dan",
"##dan",
"and",
"fay",
"##yad",
",",
"but",
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"were",
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"ahmad",
"commanded",
"the",
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"of",
"most",
"of",
"the",
"bed",
"##ouin",
"tribes",
".",
"ahmad",
"died",
"in",
"161",
"##5",
"and",
"was",
"succeeded",
"by",
"his",
"son",
"sha",
"##di",
"##d",
"until",
"he",
"was",
"killed",
"by",
"za",
"##hir",
"'",
"s",
"son",
",",
"mud",
"##li",
"##j",
"ii",
".",
"the",
"latter",
"did",
"not",
"gain",
"the",
"im",
"##arat",
"al",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"ʿ",
"##ara",
"##b",
","
] | 879,330 |
, in 1530. mudlij remained amir al @ - @ ʿarab until his death in 1538. he was succeeded by his son zahir, who was killed sometime later by his kinsman ahmad al @ - @ uradi. the latter was challenged by zahir uncles, dandan and fayyad, but they were unsuccessful as ahmad commanded the loyalty of most of the bedouin tribes. ahmad died in 1615 and was succeeded by his son shadid until he was killed by zahir's son, mudlij ii. the latter did not gain the imarat al @ - @ ʿarab,
| 1,250 |
[
"however",
",",
"and",
"sha",
"##di",
"##d",
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",",
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"-",
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".",
"hu",
"##say",
"##n",
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"##li",
"##j",
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"the",
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"of",
"emir",
"fa",
"##kh",
"##r",
"ad",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"din",
"ii",
",",
"a",
"dr",
"##uze",
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"of",
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"ban",
"##u",
"ma",
"'",
"an",
"who",
"became",
"a",
"powerful",
"semi",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"autonomous",
"force",
"in",
"syria",
".",
"hu",
"##say",
"##n",
"was",
"ultimately",
"strangled",
"by",
"the",
"ottoman",
"governor",
"of",
"aleppo",
"in",
"1623",
",",
"after",
"mud",
"##li",
"##j",
"ii",
"bribe",
"##d",
"him"
] | 879,331 |
however, and shadid was replaced by fayyad, who held the post until his death in 1618. afterward, fayyad's son husayn was appointed but then mudlij ii was recognized as amir al @ - @ ʿarab after he challenged husayn. husayn and mudlij both sought the support of emir fakhr ad @ - @ din ii, a druze chieftain of the banu ma'an who became a powerful semi @ - @ autonomous force in syria. husayn was ultimately strangled by the ottoman governor of aleppo in 1623, after mudlij ii bribed him
| 1,133 |
[
".",
"mud",
"##li",
"##j",
"ii",
"continued",
"serving",
"as",
"amir",
"al",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"ʿ",
"##ara",
"##b",
"for",
"an",
"und",
"##eter",
"##mined",
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"of",
"time",
".",
"=",
"battle",
"of",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
"=",
"the",
"battle",
"of",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
"took",
"place",
"between",
"17",
"and",
"25",
"november",
"1943",
",",
"during",
"the",
"hu",
"##on",
"peninsula",
"campaign",
"of",
"the",
"second",
"world",
"war",
".",
"involving",
"forces",
"from",
"australia",
",",
"the",
"united",
"states",
"and",
"japan",
",",
"the",
"fighting",
"centred",
"on",
"the",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
"mission",
"station",
"which",
"was",
"situated",
"atop",
"a",
"hill",
"about",
"900",
"metres",
"(",
"3",
"@",
",",
"@",
"000",
"ft",
")",
"above",
"sea",
"level",
",",
"approximately",
"8",
"kilometres",
"(",
"5",
"@",
".",
"@",
"0",
"mi",
")",
"inland",
"from",
"fins",
"##ch",
"##ha",
"##fen",
",",
"new",
"guinea",
".",
"following",
"the",
"australian",
"landing",
"at",
"scarlet"
] | 879,332 |
. mudlij ii continued serving as amir al @ - @ ʿarab for an undetermined length of time. = battle of sattelberg = the battle of sattelberg took place between 17 and 25 november 1943, during the huon peninsula campaign of the second world war. involving forces from australia, the united states and japan, the fighting centred on the sattelberg mission station which was situated atop a hill about 900 metres ( 3 @, @ 000 ft ) above sea level, approximately 8 kilometres ( 5 @. @ 0 mi ) inland from finschhafen, new guinea. following the australian landing at scarlet
| 465 |
[
"beach",
",",
"a",
"large",
"force",
"of",
"japanese",
"had",
"retreated",
"inland",
"towards",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
".",
"holding",
"the",
"high",
"ground",
",",
"the",
"japanese",
"subsequently",
"threatened",
"the",
"australian",
"lines",
"of",
"communication",
"as",
"they",
"proceeded",
"to",
"advance",
"south",
"towards",
"fins",
"##ch",
"##ha",
"##fen",
",",
"and",
"in",
"order",
"to",
"neutral",
"##ise",
"this",
"threat",
",",
"the",
"australian",
"26th",
"brigade",
"was",
"tasked",
"with",
"capturing",
"the",
"mission",
".",
"over",
"the",
"course",
"of",
"10",
"days",
"they",
"advanced",
"west",
"from",
"ji",
"##ve",
"##van",
"##eng",
"up",
"the",
"southern",
"approaches",
"to",
"the",
"mission",
",",
"reducing",
"the",
"japanese",
"position",
"with",
"armour",
",",
"artillery",
"and",
"air",
"support",
",",
"before",
"the",
"japanese",
"finally",
"abandoned",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
"and",
"withdrew",
"north",
"to",
"ware",
"##o",
",",
"having",
"suffered",
"heavy",
"casualties",
"and",
"running",
"low",
"on",
"supplies",
".",
"=",
"=",
"background",
"=",
"=",
"following",
"the",
"fall"
] | 879,333 |
beach, a large force of japanese had retreated inland towards sattelberg. holding the high ground, the japanese subsequently threatened the australian lines of communication as they proceeded to advance south towards finschhafen, and in order to neutralise this threat, the australian 26th brigade was tasked with capturing the mission. over the course of 10 days they advanced west from jivevaneng up the southern approaches to the mission, reducing the japanese position with armour, artillery and air support, before the japanese finally abandoned sattelberg and withdrew north to wareo, having suffered heavy casualties and running low on supplies. = = background = = following the fall
| 1,942 |
[
"of",
"la",
"##e",
"in",
"september",
"1943",
",",
"the",
"australians",
"continued",
"their",
"advance",
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"along",
"the",
"new",
"guinea",
"coast",
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"hu",
"##on",
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",",
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"##ch",
"##ha",
"##fen",
",",
"where",
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"and",
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"facilities",
"could",
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"for",
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"that",
"were",
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"against",
"new",
"britain",
".",
"on",
"22",
"september",
"1943",
",",
"less",
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"a",
"week",
"after",
"la",
"##e",
"had",
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"captured",
",",
"brigadier",
"victor",
"wind",
"##eyer",
"'",
"s",
"australian",
"20th",
"brigade",
"was",
"detached",
"from",
"the",
"9th",
"division",
"by",
"major",
"general",
"george",
"woo",
"##tten",
",",
"the",
"divisional",
"commander",
",",
"and",
"landed",
"at",
"scarlet",
"beach",
"(",
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"of",
"si",
"##ki",
"cove",
")",
",",
"to",
"the",
"east",
"of",
"kat",
"##ika",
"and",
"about",
"10",
"kilometres",
"(",
"6",
"@",
".",
"@",
"2",
"mi",
")",
"to",
"the"
] | 879,334 |
of lae in september 1943, the australians continued their advance north along the new guinea coast towards the huon peninsula, with the aim of securing finschhafen, where large scale air and naval facilities could be constructed for operations that were planned against new britain. on 22 september 1943, less than a week after lae had been captured, brigadier victor windeyer's australian 20th brigade was detached from the 9th division by major general george wootten, the divisional commander, and landed at scarlet beach ( north of siki cove ), to the east of katika and about 10 kilometres ( 6 @. @ 2 mi ) to the
| 1,942 |
[
"north",
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"##ch",
"##ha",
"##fen",
".",
"the",
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"was",
"only",
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"opposed",
",",
"and",
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"australians",
"began",
"to",
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"south",
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"kat",
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"where",
"japanese",
"resistance",
"was",
"stronger",
",",
"but",
"was",
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"by",
"the",
"early",
"afternoon",
".",
"as",
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"south",
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"at",
"fins",
"##ch",
"##ha",
"##fen",
",",
"intelligence",
"indicated",
"that",
"the",
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"were",
"moving",
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"high",
"ground",
"to",
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"west",
"at",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
",",
"which",
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"900",
"metres",
"(",
"3",
"@",
",",
"@",
"000",
"ft",
")",
"above",
"sea",
"level",
".",
"captured",
"documents",
"showed",
"that",
"three",
"infantry",
"battalions",
"were",
"being",
"concentrated",
"at",
"an",
"old",
"lutheran",
"mission",
"station",
"that",
"had",
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"established",
"at",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
"in",
"the",
"19th",
"century",
"during",
"the",
"german",
"colonial",
"administration",
"of",
"the",
"area",
"."
] | 879,335 |
north of finschhafen. the landing was only lightly opposed, and the australians began to advance south towards katika where japanese resistance was stronger, but was nevertheless overcome by the early afternoon. as the 20th brigade advanced south towards their objective at finschhafen, intelligence indicated that the japanese were moving to the high ground to the west at sattelberg, which was situated about 900 metres ( 3 @, @ 000 ft ) above sea level. captured documents showed that three infantry battalions were being concentrated at an old lutheran mission station that had been established at sattelberg in the 19th century during the german colonial administration of the area.
| 1,942 |
[
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"for",
"the",
"security",
"of",
"his",
"lines",
"of",
"communication",
"due",
"to",
"the",
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"of",
"japanese",
"on",
"his",
"flank",
",",
"the",
"australian",
"brigade",
"commander",
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"more",
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",",
"while",
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"called",
"for",
".",
"heavy",
"fighting",
"ensued",
",",
"but",
"fins",
"##ch",
"##ha",
"##fen",
"fell",
"to",
"the",
"australians",
"on",
"2",
"october",
".",
"following",
"this",
",",
"the",
"9th",
"division",
"was",
"tasked",
"with",
"advancing",
"towards",
"si",
"##o",
",",
"further",
"around",
"the",
"coast",
"on",
"the",
"northern",
"side",
"of",
"the",
"hu",
"##on",
"peninsula",
".",
"the",
"japanese",
"in",
"the",
"area",
"around",
"fins",
"##ch",
"##ha",
"##fen",
"were",
"growing",
"in",
"strength",
",",
"however",
",",
"as",
"a",
"large",
"number",
"of",
"the",
"4",
"@",
",",
"@",
"000",
"to",
"5",
"@",
",",
"@",
"000",
"men",
"that",
"had",
"garrison",
"##ed",
"fins",
"##ch",
"##ha",
"##fen",
"had",
"managed",
"to",
"escape",
"inland",
","
] | 879,336 |
concerned for the security of his lines of communication due to the presence of japanese on his flank, the australian brigade commander adopted more cautious tactics, while reinforcements were called for. heavy fighting ensued, but finschhafen fell to the australians on 2 october. following this, the 9th division was tasked with advancing towards sio, further around the coast on the northern side of the huon peninsula. the japanese in the area around finschhafen were growing in strength, however, as a large number of the 4 @, @ 000 to 5 @, @ 000 men that had garrisoned finschhafen had managed to escape inland,
| 1,944 |
[
"while",
"the",
"rest",
"of",
"the",
"20th",
"division",
",",
"under",
"the",
"command",
"of",
"lieutenant",
"general",
"shi",
"##ger",
"##u",
"kata",
"##giri",
",",
"was",
"being",
"moved",
"from",
"bog",
"##ad",
"##ji",
"##m",
",",
"south",
"of",
"mad",
"##ang",
",",
"to",
"provide",
"reinforcements",
".",
"woo",
"##tten",
"considered",
"that",
"the",
"threat",
"posed",
"by",
"this",
"force",
"meant",
"that",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
"would",
"have",
"to",
"be",
"captured",
"before",
"the",
"9th",
"division",
"could",
"undertake",
"its",
"advance",
"towards",
"si",
"##o",
".",
"=",
"=",
"=",
"advance",
"on",
"fins",
"##ch",
"##ha",
"##fen",
"=",
"=",
"=",
"during",
"the",
"advance",
"on",
"fins",
"##ch",
"##ha",
"##fen",
",",
"a",
"company",
"from",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"17th",
"battalion",
",",
"which",
"had",
"been",
"tasked",
"with",
"securing",
"the",
"beach",
"##head",
"and",
"the",
"flank",
",",
"had",
"been",
"sent",
"to",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
"but",
"had",
"been",
"unable",
"to",
"occupy",
"it",
"due"
] | 879,337 |
while the rest of the 20th division, under the command of lieutenant general shigeru katagiri, was being moved from bogadjim, south of madang, to provide reinforcements. wootten considered that the threat posed by this force meant that sattelberg would have to be captured before the 9th division could undertake its advance towards sio. = = = advance on finschhafen = = = during the advance on finschhafen, a company from the 2 / 17th battalion, which had been tasked with securing the beachhead and the flank, had been sent to sattelberg but had been unable to occupy it due
| 1,955 |
[
"to",
"the",
"strength",
"of",
"the",
"japanese",
"force",
"already",
"there",
".",
"as",
"captured",
"orders",
"had",
"revealed",
"japanese",
"plans",
"to",
"breakthrough",
"to",
"the",
"coast",
",",
"it",
"was",
"decided",
"to",
"place",
"the",
"company",
"into",
"a",
"blocking",
"position",
"east",
"of",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
"along",
"the",
"coast",
"road",
"around",
"ji",
"##ve",
"##van",
"##eng",
".",
"in",
"this",
"position",
",",
"from",
"25",
"september",
"onwards",
"they",
"were",
"subjected",
"to",
"a",
"number",
"of",
"attacks",
"as",
"they",
"attempted",
"to",
"def",
"##le",
"##ct",
"attacks",
"by",
"the",
"japanese",
"3rd",
"battalion",
",",
"80",
"##th",
"infantry",
"regiment",
",",
"which",
"were",
"aimed",
"at",
"breaking",
"through",
"to",
"held",
"##sb",
"##ach",
"plantation",
",",
"directly",
"south",
"of",
"the",
"beach",
"##head",
"at",
"si",
"##ki",
"cove",
".",
"on",
"30",
"september",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"17th",
"were",
"replaced",
"by",
"a",
"company",
"from",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"43rd",
"battalion",
",",
"and",
"over"
] | 879,338 |
to the strength of the japanese force already there. as captured orders had revealed japanese plans to breakthrough to the coast, it was decided to place the company into a blocking position east of sattelberg along the coast road around jivevaneng. in this position, from 25 september onwards they were subjected to a number of attacks as they attempted to deflect attacks by the japanese 3rd battalion, 80th infantry regiment, which were aimed at breaking through to heldsbach plantation, directly south of the beachhead at siki cove. on 30 september the 2 / 17th were replaced by a company from the 2 / 43rd battalion, and over
| 1,948 |
[
"the",
"next",
"couple",
"of",
"days",
",",
"a",
"whole",
"battalion",
"of",
"japanese",
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"the",
"position",
"and",
"attacked",
"it",
"eight",
"times",
".",
"four",
"attempts",
"by",
"the",
"australians",
"to",
"relieve",
"the",
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",",
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"on",
"ku",
"##ma",
"##wa",
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"2",
"/",
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"battalion",
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"5",
"october",
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"the",
"japanese",
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"lines",
"and",
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"strong",
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",",
"which",
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"##gue",
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",",
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"7",
"october",
".",
"as",
"the",
"threat",
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"japanese",
"counterattack",
"grew",
",",
"the",
"24th",
"brigade",
"landed",
"at",
"lange",
"##ma",
"##k",
"bay",
"on",
"10",
"october",
"to",
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"the",
"20th",
"brigade",
".",
"the",
"following",
"day",
",",
"woo",
"##tten",
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"able",
"to",
"establish",
"his",
"divisional",
"headquarters",
"at",
"fins",
"##ch",
"##ha",
"##fen",
",",
"and",
"preparations",
"began"
] | 879,339 |
the next couple of days, a whole battalion of japanese surrounded the position and attacked it eight times. four attempts by the australians to relieve the company failed, before an attack on kumawa by the 2 / 17th battalion on 5 october cut the japanese supply lines and provoked a strong counterattack, which subsequently drew pressure off the beleaguered company, and enabled it to be relieved on 7 october. as the threat of japanese counterattack grew, the 24th brigade landed at langemak bay on 10 october to reinforce the 20th brigade. the following day, wootten was able to establish his divisional headquarters at finschhafen, and preparations began
| 1,948 |
[
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"japanese",
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"sat",
"##tel",
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",",
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"on",
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"october",
",",
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"division",
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"16",
"october",
".",
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"two",
"infantry",
"regiments",
",",
"the",
"79",
"##th",
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"##th",
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"regiment",
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"and",
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"divisional",
"signals",
"unit",
".",
"as",
"a",
"part",
"of",
"this",
"offensive"
] | 879,340 |
for the australians to attack the japanese force around sattelberg. during this time, the japanese were also planning an offensive. on 10 october, the japanese 20th division's commander, katagiri, arrived at sattelberg having trekked overland from sio. after taking over operational control of the forces there, on 12 october he issued orders for an attack to commence on 16 october. this attack was conceptualised as consisting of two infantry regiments, the 79th and 80th, supported by three artillery batteries from the 26th field artillery regiment, a company from the 20th engineer regiment and the divisional signals unit. as a part of this offensive
| 1,938 |
[
",",
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"the",
"9th",
"division",
"commander",
",",
"woo",
"##tten",
",",
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"his",
"own",
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"the",
"japanese",
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"was",
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".",
"it",
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"in",
"the",
"early",
"hours",
"of",
"17",
"october",
",",
"and",
"over",
"the",
"course",
"of",
"the",
"following",
"week",
"heavy",
"fighting"
] | 879,341 |
, the 80th infantry regiment would continue to make attacks on the australian forces around jivevaneng, while the 79th infantry regiment would drive towards katika and attempt to break through to the coast to attack the beachhead at scarlet beach, where a seaborne assault would be made concurrently by 70 men from the sugino craft raiding unit. the australians had learned about katagiri's plans and as a result the 9th division commander, wootten, decided to put off his own offensive plans while the japanese attack was dealt with. it came in the early hours of 17 october, and over the course of the following week heavy fighting
| 1,937 |
[
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"##van",
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"fore",
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"##ned",
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"with",
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"american",
"support",
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",",
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"time",
"that",
"the",
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"on",
"25",
"october",
",",
"the",
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"division",
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"352",
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"56",
"##4",
"wounded",
",",
"while",
"the",
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"had",
"suffered",
"228",
"casualties",
".",
"it",
"was",
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"the",
"early",
"stages",
"of",
"this",
"fighting",
"that",
"an",
"american",
"soldier",
",",
"private",
"nathan",
"van",
"no",
"##y",
",",
"from",
"the",
"53",
"##2",
"##nd",
"engineer",
"boat",
"and",
"shore",
"regiment",
",",
"performed",
"the",
"deeds",
"that",
"resulted",
"in",
"him",
"being",
"posthumously",
"awarded",
"the",
"medal",
"of",
"honor",
".",
"=",
"=",
"=",
"japanese",
"preparations",
"=",
"=",
"=",
"with",
"the",
"79",
"##th",
"infantry",
"regiment",
"having",
"lost"
] | 879,342 |
ensued around katika and jivevaneng. forewarned, the australians were able to check these attacks with assistance from american support units, and by the time that the japanese called off their offensive on 25 october, the japanese 20th division had suffered 352 men killed and 564 wounded, while the australians had suffered 228 casualties. it was during the early stages of this fighting that an american soldier, private nathan van noy, from the 532nd engineer boat and shore regiment, performed the deeds that resulted in him being posthumously awarded the medal of honor. = = = japanese preparations = = = with the 79th infantry regiment having lost
| 1,938 |
[
"around",
"50",
"%",
"of",
"its",
"strength",
"and",
"with",
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"and",
"food",
"running",
"low",
"(",
"by",
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"end",
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"the",
"month",
",",
"they",
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"rations",
")",
",",
"the",
"japanese",
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"commander",
",",
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"##ve",
"##van",
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"higher",
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"this",
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"on",
"the",
"morning",
"of",
"24",
"october",
",",
"and",
"by",
"the",
"morning",
"of",
"27",
"october",
"the",
"japanese",
"20th",
"division",
"'",
"s",
"subunit",
"##s",
"had",
"managed",
"to",
"reg",
"##roup",
"to",
"the",
"east",
"of",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
".",
"following",
"this",
",",
"kata",
"##giri",
"received",
"orders",
"from",
"the",
"18th",
"army",
"commander",
",",
"general",
"hat",
"##az",
"##o"
] | 879,343 |
around 50 % of its strength and with ammunition and food running low ( by the end of the month, they had been reduced to quarter rations ), the japanese divisional commander, katagiri, made the decision to call off the attack in order to pull back from jivevaneng and katika and regroup on the higher ground further west around the mission. this order was passed on the morning of 24 october, and by the morning of 27 october the japanese 20th division's subunits had managed to regroup to the east of sattelberg. following this, katagiri received orders from the 18th army commander, general hatazo
| 744 |
[
"ada",
"##chi",
",",
"who",
"delivered",
"them",
"personally",
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"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
",",
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"20th",
"division",
"to",
"prepare",
"to",
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"the",
"mission",
"and",
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"offensive",
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".",
"as",
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"this",
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",",
"kata",
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"to",
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"##tel",
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",",
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"-",
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",",
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"25",
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"around",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
",",
"the",
"80",
"##th",
"infantry",
"regiment",
"was",
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"key",
"locations",
".",
"three",
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"from",
"the",
"regiment",
"'",
"s",
"2nd",
"battalion",
"established",
"a",
"position",
"at"
] | 879,344 |
adachi, who delivered them personally at sattelberg, for the 20th division to prepare to hold the mission and to engage in offensive operations in the immediate vicinity. as a part of this plan, katagiri decided that he would use the 80th infantry regiment to defend sattelberg, while the 79th would concentrate in the nongora area with the intention of launching a counter @ - @ attack upon the australian forces advancing from katika, near the song river on 25 november. around sattelberg, the 80th infantry regiment was deployed in five key locations. three companies from the regiment's 2nd battalion established a position at
| 1,937 |
[
"the",
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",",
"@",
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"\"",
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"-",
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"ya",
"##ma",
"\"",
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"##tre",
"##nched",
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"the",
"\"",
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"##shi",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"ya",
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"—",
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"\"",
"fortress",
"\"",
",",
"and",
"around",
"the",
"japanese",
"commander",
"'",
"s"
] | 879,345 |
the 2 @, @ 200 feature ( known as " saheki @ - @ yama " to the japanese ), and another three companies from the 3rd battalion were positioned astride the sattelberg road at " miyake @ - @ dai ", or the 2 @, @ 600 feature. another two companies were positioned to the south of the main position at " yamada @ - @ yama ", while the remainder of the regiment was entrenched around the mission itself — the " kanshi @ - @ yama " — where they had established a formidable " fortress ", and around the japanese commander's
| 1,956 |
[
"\"",
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",",
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"@",
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".",
"these",
"estimates",
"were",
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"after",
"the",
"fighting",
".",
"the",
"japanese",
"defenders",
"were",
"supported",
"by",
"the",
"4th",
"air",
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",",
"with",
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"and",
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"aircraft",
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"air",
"divisions",
"flying",
"close",
"support",
"missions",
"against",
"australian",
"artillery",
"positions",
","
] | 879,346 |
" keep " which was positioned on the 3 @, @ 200 feature, known as the " katagiri @ - @ yama ". the strength of these forces was estimated by the australian commander, wootten, to be around 2 @, @ 800 men in the immediate vicinity of sattelberg mission, with a further 2 @, @ 400 around nongora and another 1 @, @ 000 to the north at gusika. these estimates were confirmed after the fighting. the japanese defenders were supported by the 4th air army, with fighter and bomber aircraft from the 6th and 7th air divisions flying close support missions against australian artillery positions,
| 1,922 |
[
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"##fen",
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"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
",",
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".",
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"division",
"and",
"placed",
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"control",
"of",
"the",
"9th",
"division",
".",
"these",
"troops",
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"used",
"in",
"a",
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"role",
"around",
"the",
"beach",
"##head",
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"free",
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"of",
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"division",
"for",
"the",
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"operations",
".",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"43rd",
"battalion",
",",
"from",
"the",
"24th",
"brigade",
",",
"was",
"also",
"brought",
"up",
"on"
] | 879,347 |
carrying out bombing operations around the finschhafen area, and dropping supplies by air around sattelberg and wareo throughout october. = = = allied preparations = = = prior to the attack on sattelberg, the australians needed reinforcements. although initially the allied higher commanders were reluctant to provide these, on 25 october the militia 4th brigade was detached from the 5th division and placed under the operational control of the 9th division. these troops were subsequently used in a defensive role around the beachhead to free up the rest of the 9th division for the offensive operations. the 2 / 43rd battalion, from the 24th brigade, was also brought up on
| 1,943 |
[
"30",
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",",
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"following",
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",",
"woo",
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"##tel",
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".",
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",",
"the",
"26th",
"brigade",
",",
"which",
"had",
"landed",
"at",
"lange",
"##ma",
"##k",
"bay",
"on"
] | 879,348 |
30 september, ahead of the rest of the brigade which arrived later in october. nevertheless, by the end of september, the allies perceived the situation around finschhafen to be " reasonably secure ", and american engineer and construction units, including the 808th engineer aviation battalion, started to arrive in october. by december they had begun work constructing an airfield and other base facilities around dreger harbour. following this, wootten began finalising his plans for assaulting sattelberg. because the 20th brigade had borne the brunt of the fighting following the landing in september, the 26th brigade, which had landed at langemak bay on
| 1,940 |
[
"the",
"night",
"of",
"20",
"october",
"under",
"brigadier",
"david",
"whitehead",
",",
"was",
"chosen",
"to",
"spear",
"##head",
"the",
"attack",
".",
"at",
"the",
"same",
"time",
",",
"the",
"20th",
"and",
"24th",
"brigades",
",",
"operating",
"in",
"the",
"central",
"and",
"northern",
"sectors",
",",
"would",
"continue",
"patrolling",
"operations",
"in",
"order",
"to",
"keep",
"the",
"japanese",
"off",
"balance",
".",
"support",
"for",
"the",
"26th",
"brigade",
"'",
"s",
"attack",
"would",
"be",
"provided",
"by",
"divisional",
"assets",
",",
"including",
"matilda",
"tanks",
"from",
"'",
"c",
"'",
"squadron",
",",
"1st",
"tank",
"battalion",
",",
"whose",
"presence",
"the",
"australians",
"took",
"great",
"lengths",
"to",
"keep",
"secret",
",",
"artillery",
"from",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"12th",
"field",
"regiment",
"and",
"later",
"(",
"after",
"it",
"was",
"found",
"that",
"the",
"25",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"pd",
"##rs",
"could",
"not",
"be",
"transported",
"up",
"the",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
"road",
")",
",",
"the",
"2nd",
"mountain",
"battery"
] | 879,349 |
the night of 20 october under brigadier david whitehead, was chosen to spearhead the attack. at the same time, the 20th and 24th brigades, operating in the central and northern sectors, would continue patrolling operations in order to keep the japanese off balance. support for the 26th brigade's attack would be provided by divisional assets, including matilda tanks from'c'squadron, 1st tank battalion, whose presence the australians took great lengths to keep secret, artillery from the 2 / 12th field regiment and later ( after it was found that the 25 @ - @ pdrs could not be transported up the sattelberg road ), the 2nd mountain battery
| 1,943 |
[
",",
"and",
"support",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"by",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"fire",
"from",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"2nd",
"machine",
"gun",
"battalion",
".",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"13th",
"field",
"company",
"supplied",
"engineer",
"detachments",
"to",
"each",
"battalion",
",",
"while",
"air",
"assets",
"were",
"provided",
"by",
"the",
"united",
"states",
"5th",
"air",
"force",
"and",
"no",
".",
"4",
"squadron",
",",
"royal",
"australian",
"air",
"force",
",",
"which",
"was",
"an",
"army",
"co",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"operation",
"squadron",
"that",
"was",
"equipped",
"with",
"boom",
"##eran",
"##gs",
"and",
"wi",
"##rra",
"##ways",
",",
"and",
"provided",
"aerial",
"observation",
"in",
"support",
"of",
"artillery",
"operations",
".",
"vengeance",
"dive",
"bombers",
"from",
"no",
".",
"24",
"squadron",
",",
"raaf",
"also",
"provided",
"support",
",",
"while",
"japanese",
"supply",
"lines",
"were",
"disrupted",
"by",
"allied",
"aircraft",
"and",
"pt",
"boats",
".",
"supplies",
"for",
"the",
"operation",
"were",
"landed",
"by",
"american",
"landing",
"craft",
"from",
"the",
"53"
] | 879,350 |
, and support @ - @ by @ - @ fire from the 2 / 2nd machine gun battalion. the 2 / 13th field company supplied engineer detachments to each battalion, while air assets were provided by the united states 5th air force and no. 4 squadron, royal australian air force, which was an army co @ - @ operation squadron that was equipped with boomerangs and wirraways, and provided aerial observation in support of artillery operations. vengeance dive bombers from no. 24 squadron, raaf also provided support, while japanese supply lines were disrupted by allied aircraft and pt boats. supplies for the operation were landed by american landing craft from the 53
| 1,953 |
[
"##2",
"##nd",
"engineer",
"boat",
"and",
"shore",
"regiment",
"and",
"brought",
"forward",
"using",
"vehicles",
"or",
"carried",
"by",
"local",
"porter",
"##s",
".",
"they",
"were",
"then",
"\"",
"dumped",
"\"",
"around",
"ji",
"##ve",
"##van",
"##eng",
"and",
"ku",
"##ma",
"##wa",
",",
"where",
"they",
"could",
"be",
"distributed",
"to",
"individual",
"battalions",
".",
"however",
",",
"the",
"heavy",
"rain",
"that",
"had",
"fallen",
"at",
"the",
"end",
"of",
"october",
"hampered",
"the",
"build",
"##up",
"of",
"stores",
"and",
"consequently",
"delayed",
"australian",
"preparations",
".",
"as",
"a",
"result",
",",
"their",
"plans",
"were",
"not",
"final",
"##ised",
"until",
"15",
"november",
".",
"at",
"this",
"time",
",",
"whitehead",
"began",
"issuing",
"his",
"orders",
".",
"the",
"concept",
"of",
"operations",
"called",
"for",
"the",
"capture",
"of",
"the",
"2",
"@",
",",
"@",
"200",
"feature",
"—",
"so",
"called",
"by",
"the",
"australians",
"because",
"that",
"was",
"its",
"height",
"in",
"feet",
"—",
"first",
",",
"before",
"a",
"subsequent"
] | 879,351 |
##2nd engineer boat and shore regiment and brought forward using vehicles or carried by local porters. they were then " dumped " around jivevaneng and kumawa, where they could be distributed to individual battalions. however, the heavy rain that had fallen at the end of october hampered the buildup of stores and consequently delayed australian preparations. as a result, their plans were not finalised until 15 november. at this time, whitehead began issuing his orders. the concept of operations called for the capture of the 2 @, @ 200 feature — so called by the australians because that was its height in feet — first, before a subsequent
| 1,935 |
[
"westward",
"advance",
"to",
"the",
"mission",
".",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"48th",
"battalion",
"would",
"advance",
"west",
"from",
"ji",
"##ve",
"##van",
"##eng",
"along",
"the",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
"road",
"supported",
"by",
"tanks",
"from",
"the",
"1st",
"tank",
"battalion",
",",
"while",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"24th",
"battalion",
"would",
"advance",
"north",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"west",
"across",
"si",
"##ki",
"creek",
"and",
"capture",
"the",
"2",
"@",
",",
"@",
"200",
"feature",
".",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"23rd",
"battalion",
",",
"which",
"would",
"hand",
"over",
"its",
"defensive",
"duties",
"to",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"4th",
"commando",
"squadron",
",",
"would",
"start",
"further",
"south",
"from",
"ku",
"##ma",
"##wa",
",",
"protecting",
"the",
"left",
"flank",
",",
"and",
"after",
"parallel",
"##ing",
"the",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
"road",
",",
"they",
"would",
"marry",
"up",
"with",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"48th",
"at",
"a",
"position",
"called",
"\"",
"steep",
"##le",
"tree",
"hill",
"\"",
",",
"or",
"the"
] | 879,352 |
westward advance to the mission. the 2 / 48th battalion would advance west from jivevaneng along the sattelberg road supported by tanks from the 1st tank battalion, while the 2 / 24th battalion would advance north @ - @ west across siki creek and capture the 2 @, @ 200 feature. the 2 / 23rd battalion, which would hand over its defensive duties to the 2 / 4th commando squadron, would start further south from kumawa, protecting the left flank, and after paralleling the sattelberg road, they would marry up with the 2 / 48th at a position called " steeple tree hill ", or the
| 1,950 |
[
"2",
"@",
",",
"@",
"600",
"feature",
",",
"by",
"the",
"australians",
"(",
"\"",
"mi",
"##ya",
"##ke",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"dai",
"\"",
"to",
"the",
"japanese",
")",
",",
"where",
"it",
"was",
"planned",
"to",
"halt",
"for",
"res",
"##up",
"##ply",
"and",
"re",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"appreciation",
"before",
"undertaking",
"the",
"final",
"attack",
".",
"it",
"was",
"decided",
"that",
"tanks",
",",
"which",
"would",
"provide",
"direct",
"fire",
"support",
"for",
"use",
"against",
"the",
"japanese",
"bunker",
"systems",
"that",
"were",
"believed",
"to",
"be",
"around",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
",",
"would",
"only",
"be",
"employed",
"along",
"the",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
"road",
",",
"as",
"considerable",
"engineer",
"support",
"was",
"required",
"to",
"move",
"the",
"matilda",
"##s",
"into",
"position",
"in",
"the",
"closed",
"terrain",
".",
"=",
"=",
"=",
"initial",
"australian",
"attack",
"=",
"=",
"=",
"on",
"17",
"november",
",",
"fighting",
"for",
"the",
"main",
"position",
"around",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
"commenced"
] | 879,353 |
2 @, @ 600 feature, by the australians ( " miyake @ - @ dai " to the japanese ), where it was planned to halt for resupply and re @ - @ appreciation before undertaking the final attack. it was decided that tanks, which would provide direct fire support for use against the japanese bunker systems that were believed to be around sattelberg, would only be employed along the sattelberg road, as considerable engineer support was required to move the matildas into position in the closed terrain. = = = initial australian attack = = = on 17 november, fighting for the main position around sattelberg commenced
| 170 |
[
".",
"the",
"previous",
"night",
",",
"in",
"order",
"to",
"prepare",
"for",
"the",
"attack",
"on",
"the",
"220",
"##0",
"feature",
",",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"48th",
"battalion",
"captured",
"green",
"ridge",
",",
"a",
"small",
"but",
"important",
"feature",
"that",
"dominated",
"the",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
"road",
".",
"the",
"capture",
"of",
"the",
"ridge",
"secured",
"a",
"start",
"line",
"forward",
"of",
"ji",
"##ve",
"##van",
"##eng",
"for",
"whitehead",
"'",
"s",
"26th",
"brigade",
"to",
"launch",
"the",
"first",
"stage",
"of",
"their",
"attack",
"upon",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
".",
"the",
"following",
"day",
",",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"48th",
"battalion",
"handed",
"over",
"responsibility",
"for",
"the",
"defence",
"of",
"the",
"ridge",
"to",
"a",
"company",
"from",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"23rd",
"battalion",
",",
"and",
"the",
"attack",
"commenced",
"amidst",
"heavy",
"supporting",
"artillery",
"and",
"machine",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"gun",
"fire",
".",
"in",
"response",
",",
"the",
"japanese",
"artillery",
"from",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg"
] | 879,354 |
. the previous night, in order to prepare for the attack on the 2200 feature, the 2 / 48th battalion captured green ridge, a small but important feature that dominated the sattelberg road. the capture of the ridge secured a start line forward of jivevaneng for whitehead's 26th brigade to launch the first stage of their attack upon sattelberg. the following day, the 2 / 48th battalion handed over responsibility for the defence of the ridge to a company from the 2 / 23rd battalion, and the attack commenced amidst heavy supporting artillery and machine @ - @ gun fire. in response, the japanese artillery from sattelberg
| 1,950 |
[
"fired",
"a",
"limited",
"barrage",
"onto",
"the",
"australians",
"on",
"green",
"ridge",
".",
"the",
"terrain",
"upon",
"which",
"the",
"australians",
"advanced",
"hampered",
"their",
"movement",
"considerably",
".",
"consisting",
"mainly",
"of",
"steep",
"\"",
"razor",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"back",
"\"",
"ridges",
"and",
"thick",
"jungle",
"which",
"restricted",
"the",
"tactics",
"that",
"whitehead",
"could",
"employ",
",",
"the",
"26th",
"brigade",
"mainly",
"employed",
"in",
"##filtration",
"tactics",
",",
"advancing",
"on",
"\"",
"narrow",
"fronts",
"\"",
"using",
"columns",
"of",
"troops",
"consisting",
"of",
"an",
"infantry",
"company",
"forward",
",",
"followed",
"by",
"a",
"troop",
"of",
"tanks",
"with",
"an",
"engineer",
"section",
"in",
"support",
".",
"initially",
"the",
"japanese",
"were",
"surprised",
"by",
"the",
"presence",
"of",
"the",
"matilda",
"tanks",
"as",
"their",
"noise",
"had",
"been",
"masked",
"by",
"the",
"artillery",
"and",
"rocket",
"barrage",
",",
"and",
"a",
"number",
"of",
"positions",
"were",
"abandoned",
"by",
"japanese",
"soldiers",
"who",
"were",
"put",
"to",
"flight",
"upon",
"seeing"
] | 879,355 |
fired a limited barrage onto the australians on green ridge. the terrain upon which the australians advanced hampered their movement considerably. consisting mainly of steep " razor @ - @ back " ridges and thick jungle which restricted the tactics that whitehead could employ, the 26th brigade mainly employed infiltration tactics, advancing on " narrow fronts " using columns of troops consisting of an infantry company forward, followed by a troop of tanks with an engineer section in support. initially the japanese were surprised by the presence of the matilda tanks as their noise had been masked by the artillery and rocket barrage, and a number of positions were abandoned by japanese soldiers who were put to flight upon seeing
| 1,922 |
[
"the",
"tanks",
",",
"however",
",",
"as",
"the",
"day",
"progressed",
"the",
"opposition",
"stiffened",
"and",
"the",
"defenders",
"recovered",
"after",
"the",
"initial",
"shock",
".",
"progress",
"subsequently",
"became",
"very",
"slow",
",",
"and",
"as",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"48th",
"battalion",
"approached",
"\"",
"coconut",
"ridge",
"\"",
"(",
"designated",
"highland",
"5",
"by",
"the",
"japanese",
")",
"at",
"around",
"midday",
",",
"one",
"of",
"the",
"matilda",
"##s",
"was",
"disabled",
"when",
"it",
"lost",
"a",
"track",
"to",
"an",
"improvised",
"explosive",
"device",
"which",
"had",
"been",
"placed",
"under",
"the",
"road",
"by",
"the",
"defending",
"japanese",
".",
"with",
"the",
"tanks",
"isolated",
"from",
"their",
"infantry",
"support",
",",
"a",
"small",
"japanese",
"team",
"advanced",
"from",
"cover",
"to",
"attack",
"a",
"second",
"tank",
"which",
"had",
"come",
"up",
"to",
"support",
"the",
"first",
",",
"and",
"taking",
"the",
"machine",
"gunner",
"by",
"surprise",
",",
"they",
"placed",
"an",
"explosive",
"charge",
"in",
"front",
"of",
"it",
"."
] | 879,356 |
the tanks, however, as the day progressed the opposition stiffened and the defenders recovered after the initial shock. progress subsequently became very slow, and as the 2 / 48th battalion approached " coconut ridge " ( designated highland 5 by the japanese ) at around midday, one of the matildas was disabled when it lost a track to an improvised explosive device which had been placed under the road by the defending japanese. with the tanks isolated from their infantry support, a small japanese team advanced from cover to attack a second tank which had come up to support the first, and taking the machine gunner by surprise, they placed an explosive charge in front of it.
| 1,955 |
[
"although",
"the",
"resulting",
"explosion",
"did",
"not",
"knock",
"the",
"tank",
"out",
"of",
"action",
",",
"it",
"trapped",
"its",
"crew",
"inside",
"for",
"the",
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"of",
"the",
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".",
"firing",
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"-",
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",",
"mortar",
"##s",
"and",
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",",
"the",
"japanese",
"defenders",
"upon",
"coconut",
"ridge",
"held",
"up",
"the",
"advance",
".",
"throughout",
"the",
"rest",
"of",
"the",
"day",
",",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"48th",
"battalion",
"undertook",
"a",
"series",
"of",
"flanking",
"attacks",
"in",
"which",
"at",
"least",
"80",
"japanese",
"were",
"killed",
",",
"however",
"by",
"nightfall",
"the",
"japanese",
"still",
"held",
"the",
"ridge",
",",
"and",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"48th",
"battalion",
"withdrew",
"to",
"a",
"nearby",
"kn",
"##oll",
"to",
"re",
"##org",
"##ani",
"##se",
",",
"having",
"suffered",
"six",
"killed",
"and",
"26",
"wounded",
".",
"elsewhere",
",",
"the",
"other",
"two",
"australian",
"battalions",
"had",
"also",
"found",
"the",
"going",
"slow"
] | 879,357 |
although the resulting explosion did not knock the tank out of action, it trapped its crew inside for the rest of the day. firing upon the australians with machine @ - @ guns, mortars and grenades, the japanese defenders upon coconut ridge held up the advance. throughout the rest of the day, the 2 / 48th battalion undertook a series of flanking attacks in which at least 80 japanese were killed, however by nightfall the japanese still held the ridge, and the 2 / 48th battalion withdrew to a nearby knoll to reorganise, having suffered six killed and 26 wounded. elsewhere, the other two australian battalions had also found the going slow
| 1,955 |
[
":",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"24th",
"had",
"dug",
"in",
"east",
"of",
"the",
"220",
"##0",
"feature",
",",
"while",
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"2",
"/",
"23rd",
"had",
"only",
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"to",
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"about",
"half",
"the",
"expected",
"distance",
".",
"the",
"japanese",
"abandoned",
"coconut",
"ridge",
"that",
"night",
",",
"while",
"in",
"the",
"morning",
"the",
"australians",
"brought",
"up",
"three",
"replacement",
"tanks",
".",
"at",
"around",
"7",
":",
"00",
"am",
",",
"an",
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"##ed",
"the",
"ridge",
"and",
"an",
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"was",
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"in",
",",
"confirming",
"that",
"the",
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"had",
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".",
"as",
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"clearance",
"operations",
"got",
"underway",
",",
"the",
"tanks",
"that",
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"disabled",
"the",
"day",
"before",
"were",
"also",
"repaired",
",",
"bringing",
"the",
"total",
"number",
"of",
"matilda",
"##s",
"available",
"to",
"seven",
".",
"in",
"the",
"early",
"afternoon",
",",
"the",
"advance",
"was",
"resumed",
",",
"however",
"the",
"australians",
"only"
] | 879,358 |
: the 2 / 24th had dug in east of the 2200 feature, while the 2 / 23rd had only managed to advance about half the expected distance. the japanese abandoned coconut ridge that night, while in the morning the australians brought up three replacement tanks. at around 7 : 00 am, an australian patrol scouted the ridge and an hour later a platoon attack was put in, confirming that the defenders had gone. as battlefield clearance operations got underway, the tanks that had been disabled the day before were also repaired, bringing the total number of matildas available to seven. in the early afternoon, the advance was resumed, however the australians only
| 754 |
[
"managed",
"to",
"progress",
"a",
"further",
"250",
"yards",
"(",
"230",
"m",
")",
"before",
"they",
"were",
"halted",
"by",
"stiff",
"opposition",
"from",
"japanese",
"armed",
"with",
"37",
"mm",
"anti",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"tank",
"guns",
".",
"a",
"number",
"of",
"these",
"pieces",
"were",
"destroyed",
"and",
"at",
"least",
"40",
"japanese",
"were",
"killed",
"or",
"wounded",
",",
"but",
"japanese",
"sniper",
"##s",
"inflicted",
"a",
"number",
"of",
"casualties",
"upon",
"the",
"australians",
",",
"and",
"although",
"none",
"were",
"fatal",
"it",
"prevented",
"any",
"further",
"gains",
"as",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"48th",
"spent",
"most",
"of",
"the",
"day",
"hunting",
"the",
"sniper",
"##s",
"in",
"the",
"trees",
".",
"elsewhere",
",",
"in",
"front",
"of",
"the",
"2",
"@",
",",
"@",
"200",
"feature",
"and",
"on",
"the",
"southern",
"flank",
",",
"only",
"limited",
"progress",
"was",
"made",
"by",
"the",
"australians",
",",
"who",
"suffered",
"a",
"number",
"of",
"casualties",
"from",
"japanese",
"75",
"mm",
"mountain",
"guns"
] | 879,359 |
managed to progress a further 250 yards ( 230 m ) before they were halted by stiff opposition from japanese armed with 37 mm anti @ - @ tank guns. a number of these pieces were destroyed and at least 40 japanese were killed or wounded, but japanese snipers inflicted a number of casualties upon the australians, and although none were fatal it prevented any further gains as the 2 / 48th spent most of the day hunting the snipers in the trees. elsewhere, in front of the 2 @, @ 200 feature and on the southern flank, only limited progress was made by the australians, who suffered a number of casualties from japanese 75 mm mountain guns
| 762 |
[
"before",
"these",
"were",
"silenced",
"by",
"a",
"bombardment",
"by",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"12th",
"field",
"regiment",
".",
"at",
"dusk",
",",
"the",
"australians",
"dug",
"in",
"less",
"than",
"30",
"yards",
"(",
"27",
"m",
")",
"from",
"the",
"japanese",
"defence",
"line",
"and",
"sporadic",
"fighting",
"continued",
"throughout",
"the",
"night",
".",
"that",
"night",
",",
"woo",
"##tten",
"decided",
"to",
"take",
"stock",
"of",
"the",
"slow",
"progress",
"along",
"the",
"southern",
"and",
"central",
"routes",
".",
"based",
"on",
"captured",
"documents",
",",
"australian",
"intelligence",
"reports",
"placed",
"the",
"number",
"of",
"japanese",
"troops",
"around",
"the",
"mission",
"at",
"about",
"2",
"@",
",",
"@",
"000",
"men",
".",
"these",
"men",
"were",
"believed",
"to",
"be",
"from",
"the",
"80",
"##th",
"infantry",
"regiment",
",",
"which",
"the",
"australians",
"felt",
"was",
"close",
"to",
"exhaustion",
"and",
"unlikely",
"to",
"be",
"able",
"to",
"withstand",
"any",
"further",
"pressure",
".",
"as",
"a",
"result",
"of",
"this",
"information",
","
] | 879,360 |
before these were silenced by a bombardment by the 2 / 12th field regiment. at dusk, the australians dug in less than 30 yards ( 27 m ) from the japanese defence line and sporadic fighting continued throughout the night. that night, wootten decided to take stock of the slow progress along the southern and central routes. based on captured documents, australian intelligence reports placed the number of japanese troops around the mission at about 2 @, @ 000 men. these men were believed to be from the 80th infantry regiment, which the australians felt was close to exhaustion and unlikely to be able to withstand any further pressure. as a result of this information,
| 1,938 |
[
"woo",
"##tten",
"decided",
"to",
"change",
"the",
"concept",
"of",
"operations",
".",
"although",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"24th",
"battalion",
"'",
"s",
"attack",
"on",
"the",
"2",
"@",
",",
"@",
"200",
"feature",
"had",
"originally",
"been",
"intended",
"to",
"serve",
"as",
"a",
"holding",
"action",
",",
"the",
"lack",
"of",
"progress",
"by",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"48th",
"and",
"2",
"/",
"23rd",
"encouraged",
"woo",
"##tten",
"to",
"order",
"the",
"26th",
"brigade",
"'",
"s",
"commander",
",",
"whitehead",
",",
"to",
"concentrate",
"his",
"efforts",
"upon",
"the",
"2",
"@",
",",
"@",
"200",
"feature",
",",
"turning",
"the",
"drive",
"on",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
"into",
"a",
"\"",
"double",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"pro",
"##nged",
"\"",
"attack",
",",
"with",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"24th",
"also",
"attempting",
"to",
"break",
"through",
"to",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
".",
"the",
"following",
"day",
",",
"19",
"november",
",",
"the",
"australians",
"came",
"up",
"against",
"a",
"series",
"of",
"prepared"
] | 879,361 |
wootten decided to change the concept of operations. although the 2 / 24th battalion's attack on the 2 @, @ 200 feature had originally been intended to serve as a holding action, the lack of progress by the 2 / 48th and 2 / 23rd encouraged wootten to order the 26th brigade's commander, whitehead, to concentrate his efforts upon the 2 @, @ 200 feature, turning the drive on sattelberg into a " double @ - @ pronged " attack, with the 2 / 24th also attempting to break through to sattelberg. the following day, 19 november, the australians came up against a series of prepared
| 1,955 |
[
"defences",
"which",
"further",
"slowed",
"their",
"progress",
".",
"throughout",
"the",
"night",
"the",
"japanese",
"had",
"dug",
"a",
"number",
"of",
"anti",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"tank",
"ditch",
"##es",
",",
"about",
"6",
"feet",
"(",
"1",
"@",
".",
"@",
"8",
"m",
")",
"wide",
"and",
"4",
"feet",
"(",
"1",
"@",
".",
"@",
"2",
"m",
")",
"deep",
",",
"which",
"australian",
"engineers",
"had",
"to",
"fill",
"before",
"the",
"tanks",
"could",
"continue",
".",
"progress",
"was",
"made",
",",
"however",
",",
"and",
"amidst",
"hand",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"to",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"hand",
"fighting",
"troops",
"from",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"48th",
"managed",
"to",
"seize",
"part",
"of",
"the",
"2",
"@",
",",
"@",
"600",
"feature",
"(",
"steep",
"##le",
"tree",
"hill",
")",
",",
"after",
"engineers",
"under",
"the",
"command",
"of",
"lieutenant",
"(",
"later",
"captain",
")",
"augustus",
"sp",
"##ry",
",",
"helped",
"clear",
"the",
"way",
"through",
"the",
"use",
"of"
] | 879,362 |
defences which further slowed their progress. throughout the night the japanese had dug a number of anti @ - @ tank ditches, about 6 feet ( 1 @. @ 8 m ) wide and 4 feet ( 1 @. @ 2 m ) deep, which australian engineers had to fill before the tanks could continue. progress was made, however, and amidst hand @ - @ to @ - @ hand fighting troops from the 2 / 48th managed to seize part of the 2 @, @ 600 feature ( steeple tree hill ), after engineers under the command of lieutenant ( later captain ) augustus spry, helped clear the way through the use of
| 751 |
[
"two",
"f",
"##ou",
"##gas",
"##ses",
"that",
"were",
"fashioned",
"out",
"of",
"4",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"gallon",
"drums",
"filled",
"with",
"petrol",
",",
"which",
"were",
"exploded",
"in",
"order",
"to",
"stu",
"##n",
"the",
"japanese",
"and",
"provide",
"a",
"smoke",
"screen",
"while",
"the",
"infantry",
"attacked",
".",
"the",
"japanese",
"launched",
"a",
"counter",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"attack",
"as",
"dusk",
"fell",
",",
"but",
"this",
"was",
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"##elled",
"with",
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"losses",
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"the",
"australians",
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"20",
"men",
"killed",
"or",
"wounded",
",",
"while",
"the",
"japanese",
"left",
"behind",
"46",
"killed",
",",
"as",
"well",
"as",
"a",
"number",
"of",
"machine",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"guns",
"and",
"mortar",
"##s",
",",
"as",
"they",
"withdrew",
"from",
"the",
"position",
".",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"23rd",
"battalion",
"to",
"the",
"south",
",",
"up",
"against",
"the",
"same",
"defensive",
"system",
"that",
"was",
"delaying",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"48th",
",",
"was",
"also",
"held",
"up"
] | 879,363 |
two fougasses that were fashioned out of 4 @ - @ gallon drums filled with petrol, which were exploded in order to stun the japanese and provide a smoke screen while the infantry attacked. the japanese launched a counter @ - @ attack as dusk fell, but this was repelled with heavy losses : the australians had 20 men killed or wounded, while the japanese left behind 46 killed, as well as a number of machine @ - @ guns and mortars, as they withdrew from the position. the 2 / 23rd battalion to the south, up against the same defensive system that was delaying the 2 / 48th, was also held up
| 1,955 |
[
"further",
",",
"while",
"on",
"the",
"northern",
"route",
",",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"24th",
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"2",
"@",
",",
"@",
"200",
"feature",
"uno",
"##cc",
"##up",
"##ied",
",",
"but",
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"unable",
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"further",
"after",
"they",
"came",
"under",
"heavy",
"machine",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"gun",
"and",
"artillery",
"fire",
".",
"the",
"fourth",
"day",
"of",
"the",
"assault",
",",
"20",
"november",
",",
"brought",
"no",
"forward",
"movement",
"for",
"the",
"australians",
"at",
"the",
"2",
"@",
",",
"@",
"200",
"feature",
"as",
"the",
"80",
"##th",
"infantry",
"regiment",
"'",
"s",
"2nd",
"battalion",
"fought",
"ten",
"##acious",
"##ly",
"to",
"prevent",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"24th",
"from",
"moving",
"forward",
".",
"nevertheless",
",",
"it",
"was",
"a",
"different",
"story",
"for",
"the",
"australians",
"on",
"the",
"main",
"road",
"as",
"the",
"3rd",
"battalion",
",",
"80",
"##th",
"infantry",
"regiment",
"was",
"forced",
"back",
"towards",
"\"",
"point",
"7",
"\"",
".",
"at",
"the"
] | 879,364 |
further, while on the northern route, the 2 / 24th found the 2 @, @ 200 feature unoccupied, but was unable to proceed further after they came under heavy machine @ - @ gun and artillery fire. the fourth day of the assault, 20 november, brought no forward movement for the australians at the 2 @, @ 200 feature as the 80th infantry regiment's 2nd battalion fought tenaciously to prevent the 2 / 24th from moving forward. nevertheless, it was a different story for the australians on the main road as the 3rd battalion, 80th infantry regiment was forced back towards " point 7 ". at the
| 1,948 |
[
"start",
"of",
"the",
"day",
",",
"the",
"australian",
"2",
"/",
"48th",
"battalion",
"had",
"only",
"been",
"able",
"to",
"advance",
"a",
"further",
"250",
"yards",
"(",
"230",
"m",
")",
"before",
"their",
"progress",
"was",
"held",
"up",
"by",
"thick",
"scrub",
"which",
"delayed",
"their",
"tank",
"support",
",",
"however",
",",
"to",
"the",
"south",
",",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"23rd",
"battalion",
"moved",
"up",
"the",
"southern",
"slope",
"of",
"steep",
"##le",
"tree",
"hill",
"and",
"over",
"the",
"course",
"of",
"the",
"afternoon",
"gradually",
"forced",
"the",
"defenders",
"back",
".",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"48th",
"made",
"slow",
"progress",
"but",
"by",
"6",
":",
"35",
"pm",
"they",
"reported",
"that",
"they",
"had",
"reached",
"the",
"summit",
"of",
"the",
"hill",
"and",
"as",
"night",
"fell",
",",
"the",
"two",
"australian",
"battalions",
"were",
"separated",
"by",
"about",
"300",
"yards",
"(",
"270",
"m",
")",
".",
"caught",
"between",
"two",
"groups",
"of",
"australians",
",",
"during",
"the",
"course"
] | 879,365 |
start of the day, the australian 2 / 48th battalion had only been able to advance a further 250 yards ( 230 m ) before their progress was held up by thick scrub which delayed their tank support, however, to the south, the 2 / 23rd battalion moved up the southern slope of steeple tree hill and over the course of the afternoon gradually forced the defenders back. the 2 / 48th made slow progress but by 6 : 35 pm they reported that they had reached the summit of the hill and as night fell, the two australian battalions were separated by about 300 yards ( 270 m ). caught between two groups of australians, during the course
| 1,955 |
[
"of",
"the",
"night",
"the",
"two",
"japanese",
"companies",
"that",
"had",
"been",
"holding",
"the",
"position",
"abandoned",
"it",
",",
"and",
"fell",
"back",
"towards",
"the",
"main",
"defensive",
"position",
"at",
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"##tel",
"##berg",
".",
"=",
"=",
"=",
"japanese",
"counter",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"attack",
"=",
"=",
"=",
"for",
"the",
"japanese",
",",
"the",
"supply",
"situation",
"around",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
"was",
"worse",
"##ning",
".",
"although",
"some",
"supplies",
"were",
"successfully",
"air",
"dropped",
",",
"the",
"defenders",
"were",
"reduced",
"to",
"consuming",
"only",
"a",
"third",
"of",
"the",
"standard",
"daily",
"ratio",
"##n",
"and",
"kata",
"##giri",
"'",
"s",
"supply",
"of",
"artillery",
"shells",
"was",
"very",
"low",
",",
"despite",
"adherence",
"to",
"strict",
"fire",
"discipline",
".",
"given",
"the",
"desperate",
"supply",
"situation",
",",
"which",
"was",
"made",
"all",
"the",
"worse",
"when",
"the",
"24th",
"brigade",
"cut",
"the",
"track",
"between",
"gus",
"##ika",
"and",
"ware",
"##o",
",",
"the",
"japanese",
"18th"
] | 879,366 |
of the night the two japanese companies that had been holding the position abandoned it, and fell back towards the main defensive position at sattelberg. = = = japanese counter @ - @ attack = = = for the japanese, the supply situation around sattelberg was worsening. although some supplies were successfully air dropped, the defenders were reduced to consuming only a third of the standard daily ration and katagiri's supply of artillery shells was very low, despite adherence to strict fire discipline. given the desperate supply situation, which was made all the worse when the 24th brigade cut the track between gusika and wareo, the japanese 18th
| 1,944 |
[
"army",
"commander",
",",
"ada",
"##chi",
",",
"gave",
"kata",
"##giri",
"approval",
"to",
"withdraw",
"from",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
"after",
"20",
"november",
".",
"kata",
"##giri",
"subsequently",
"ordered",
"colonel",
"sad",
"##ah",
"##iko",
"mi",
"##ya",
"##ke",
",",
"the",
"commander",
"of",
"the",
"80",
"##th",
"infantry",
"regiment",
",",
"to",
"in",
"##flict",
"as",
"many",
"casualties",
"upon",
"the",
"australians",
"as",
"possible",
"and",
"then",
"begin",
"a",
"progressive",
"withdrawal",
"to",
"ware",
"##o",
".",
"nevertheless",
",",
"kata",
"##giri",
"was",
"determined",
"to",
"launch",
"a",
"counterattack",
"further",
"to",
"the",
"north",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"east",
".",
"when",
"formula",
"##ting",
"his",
"defence",
"plans",
"in",
"october",
",",
"he",
"had",
"originally",
"intended",
"to",
"launch",
"an",
"attack",
"from",
"non",
"##gor",
"##a",
"with",
"the",
"79",
"##th",
"infantry",
"regiment",
"on",
"25",
"november",
",",
"however",
",",
"with",
"the",
"australians",
"advancing",
"steadily",
"towards",
"the",
"main",
"position",
"at",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
","
] | 879,367 |
army commander, adachi, gave katagiri approval to withdraw from sattelberg after 20 november. katagiri subsequently ordered colonel sadahiko miyake, the commander of the 80th infantry regiment, to inflict as many casualties upon the australians as possible and then begin a progressive withdrawal to wareo. nevertheless, katagiri was determined to launch a counterattack further to the north @ - @ east. when formulating his defence plans in october, he had originally intended to launch an attack from nongora with the 79th infantry regiment on 25 november, however, with the australians advancing steadily towards the main position at sattelberg,
| 1,937 |
[
"kata",
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"bring",
"this",
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"after",
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"21",
"november",
",",
"the",
"attack",
"was",
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"the",
"following",
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".",
"woo",
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",",
"based",
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",",
"and",
"brigadier",
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"s",
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".",
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"infantry",
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"west",
",",
"while",
"the",
"2nd",
"battalion",
",",
"238",
"##th",
"infantry",
"regiment",
",",
"which",
"had",
"been",
"detached",
"from",
"the",
"41st",
"division",
",",
"attacked",
"south",
"from",
"gus",
"##ika",
".",
"by",
"using",
"in",
"##filtration",
"tactics",
"the",
"japanese",
"skirt",
"##ed",
"around",
"the",
"lead",
"elements",
"of",
"the"
] | 879,368 |
katagiri decided to bring this forward in order to take some of the pressure off the troops defending the mission. after moving into position on 21 november, the attack was launched the following day. wootten had predicted this, based upon documents that had been captured by the australians, and brigadier selwyn porter's 24th brigade had thoroughly prepared for the onslaught. the 79th infantry regiment crossed the song river and attacked scarlet beach from the west, while the 2nd battalion, 238th infantry regiment, which had been detached from the 41st division, attacked south from gusika. by using infiltration tactics the japanese skirted around the lead elements of the
| 1,937 |
[
"24th",
"brigade",
"in",
"an",
"attack",
"that",
"was",
"intended",
"to",
"roll",
"up",
"the",
"australian",
"rear",
"elements",
",",
"however",
",",
"the",
"australians",
"in",
"turn",
"attacked",
"the",
"flanks",
"of",
"the",
"japanese",
"units",
",",
"ma",
"##ulin",
"##g",
"their",
"supply",
"columns",
"and",
"in",
"##flict",
"##ing",
"heavy",
"casualties",
"upon",
"them",
".",
"this",
"had",
"the",
"effect",
"of",
"squeezing",
"the",
"strength",
"out",
"of",
"the",
"japanese",
"counterattack",
"and",
"forcing",
"them",
"into",
"undertaking",
"piece",
"##me",
"##al",
"attacks",
"which",
"were",
"dealt",
"with",
"by",
"the",
"australians",
"with",
"relative",
"ease",
".",
"as",
"a",
"result",
",",
"although",
"the",
"fighting",
"around",
"scarlet",
"beach",
"continued",
"until",
"28",
"november",
"when",
"the",
"japanese",
"units",
"that",
"had",
"been",
"involved",
"were",
"withdrawn",
"towards",
"ware",
"##o",
",",
"it",
"did",
"not",
"have",
"the",
"urgency",
"to",
"affect",
"the",
"26th",
"brigade",
"'",
"s",
"advance",
"on",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
"and",
"was",
"largely",
"broken"
] | 879,369 |
24th brigade in an attack that was intended to roll up the australian rear elements, however, the australians in turn attacked the flanks of the japanese units, mauling their supply columns and inflicting heavy casualties upon them. this had the effect of squeezing the strength out of the japanese counterattack and forcing them into undertaking piecemeal attacks which were dealt with by the australians with relative ease. as a result, although the fighting around scarlet beach continued until 28 november when the japanese units that had been involved were withdrawn towards wareo, it did not have the urgency to affect the 26th brigade's advance on sattelberg and was largely broken
| 1,942 |
[
"up",
"by",
"23",
"november",
".",
"=",
"=",
"=",
"australian",
"attack",
"resumed",
"=",
"=",
"=",
"after",
"being",
"forced",
"off",
"steep",
"##le",
"tree",
"hill",
",",
"mi",
"##ya",
"##ke",
",",
"commanding",
"the",
"main",
"japanese",
"defensive",
"unit",
",",
"the",
"80",
"##th",
"infantry",
"regiment",
",",
"decided",
"to",
"concentrate",
"his",
"defence",
"upon",
"the",
"saddle",
"at",
"\"",
"point",
"10",
"\"",
"which",
"was",
"positioned",
"to",
"the",
"west",
"of",
"the",
"2",
"@",
",",
"@",
"200",
"feature",
",",
"at",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
"itself",
"and",
"on",
"the",
"3",
"@",
",",
"@",
"200",
"feature",
"to",
"the",
"north",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"west",
".",
"an",
"intense",
"five",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"day",
"allied",
"aerial",
"bombardment",
",",
"which",
"had",
"begun",
"on",
"19",
"november",
",",
"had",
"destroyed",
"the",
"majority",
"of",
"the",
"japanese",
"guns",
"around",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
",",
"and",
"the",
"ammunition",
"and",
"food",
"situation",
"had"
] | 879,370 |
up by 23 november. = = = australian attack resumed = = = after being forced off steeple tree hill, miyake, commanding the main japanese defensive unit, the 80th infantry regiment, decided to concentrate his defence upon the saddle at " point 10 " which was positioned to the west of the 2 @, @ 200 feature, at sattelberg itself and on the 3 @, @ 200 feature to the north @ - @ west. an intense five @ - @ day allied aerial bombardment, which had begun on 19 november, had destroyed the majority of the japanese guns around sattelberg, and the ammunition and food situation had
| 1,934 |
[
"become",
"critical",
",",
"despite",
"the",
"arrival",
"of",
"several",
"tonnes",
"of",
"rice",
"at",
"ware",
"##o",
"the",
"day",
"before",
".",
"throughout",
"21",
"november",
",",
"there",
"was",
"a",
"lu",
"##ll",
"in",
"the",
"battle",
"as",
"the",
"australians",
"paused",
"for",
"res",
"##up",
"##ply",
".",
"however",
",",
"by",
"the",
"end",
"of",
"the",
"day",
"whitehead",
"had",
"made",
"good",
"his",
"supply",
"situation",
"and",
"the",
"advance",
"resumed",
"the",
"following",
"day",
".",
"in",
"an",
"effort",
"to",
"find",
"the",
"best",
"possible",
"route",
",",
"the",
"australians",
"sent",
"out",
"small",
"reconnaissance",
"patrols",
"and",
"based",
"on",
"the",
"intelligence",
"they",
"gained",
"whitehead",
"produced",
"a",
"new",
"set",
"of",
"orders",
"prior",
"to",
"stepping",
"off",
"on",
"22",
"november",
".",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"48th",
"continued",
"to",
"advance",
"along",
"the",
"road",
";",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"23rd",
"were",
"to",
"break",
"track",
"beyond",
"steep",
"##le",
"tree",
"hill",
"at",
"a",
"location"
] | 879,371 |
become critical, despite the arrival of several tonnes of rice at wareo the day before. throughout 21 november, there was a lull in the battle as the australians paused for resupply. however, by the end of the day whitehead had made good his supply situation and the advance resumed the following day. in an effort to find the best possible route, the australians sent out small reconnaissance patrols and based on the intelligence they gained whitehead produced a new set of orders prior to stepping off on 22 november. the 2 / 48th continued to advance along the road ; the 2 / 23rd were to break track beyond steeple tree hill at a location
| 754 |
[
"dubbed",
"\"",
"turn",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"off",
"corner",
"\"",
"and",
"advance",
"around",
"behind",
"the",
"mission",
",",
"to",
"attack",
"the",
"3",
"@",
",",
"@",
"200",
"feature",
",",
"while",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"24th",
"battalion",
"were",
"to",
"advance",
"west",
",",
"attempting",
"to",
"bypass",
"the",
"main",
"japanese",
"positions",
"in",
"front",
"of",
"the",
"2",
"@",
",",
"@",
"200",
"feature",
"via",
"an",
"adjacent",
"saddle",
"to",
"assist",
"in",
"the",
"capture",
"of",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
",",
"while",
"also",
"sending",
"a",
"detachment",
"further",
"north",
"to",
"secure",
"pal",
"##an",
"##ko",
".",
"following",
"the",
"fall",
"of",
"steep",
"##le",
"tree",
"hill",
",",
"the",
"japanese",
"were",
"less",
"inclined",
"to",
"engage",
"the",
"australian",
"forces",
",",
"nevertheless",
"the",
"advance",
"continued",
"to",
"be",
"frustrating",
"##ly",
"slow",
"for",
"the",
"australian",
"commanders",
".",
"the",
"terrain",
"over",
"which",
"the",
"final",
"part",
"of",
"the",
"advance",
"was",
"undertaken",
"was"
] | 879,372 |
dubbed " turn @ - @ off corner " and advance around behind the mission, to attack the 3 @, @ 200 feature, while the 2 / 24th battalion were to advance west, attempting to bypass the main japanese positions in front of the 2 @, @ 200 feature via an adjacent saddle to assist in the capture of sattelberg, while also sending a detachment further north to secure palanko. following the fall of steeple tree hill, the japanese were less inclined to engage the australian forces, nevertheless the advance continued to be frustratingly slow for the australian commanders. the terrain over which the final part of the advance was undertaken was
| 1,955 |
[
"particularly",
"taxi",
"##ng",
"on",
"the",
"troops",
"involved",
".",
"many",
"of",
"the",
"slopes",
"up",
"which",
"they",
"were",
"required",
"to",
"advance",
"had",
"gradient",
"##s",
"of",
"at",
"least",
"45",
"degrees",
",",
"which",
"meant",
"that",
"even",
"reasonably",
"short",
"distances",
"took",
"considerable",
"time",
"to",
"make",
"matters",
"worse",
",",
"near",
"the",
"junction",
"of",
"the",
"si",
"##ki",
"creek",
",",
"a",
"landslide",
"caused",
"by",
"the",
"allied",
"bombing",
",",
"coupled",
"with",
"a",
"number",
"of",
"land",
"mines",
"that",
"the",
"japanese",
"had",
"planted",
",",
"blocked",
"the",
"main",
"road",
"to",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
",",
"meaning",
"that",
"the",
"soldiers",
"from",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"48th",
"would",
"have",
"to",
"make",
"the",
"final",
"attack",
"on",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
"without",
"armoured",
"support",
".",
"in",
"an",
"effort",
"to",
"counter",
"this",
"problem",
",",
"whitehead",
"determined",
"that",
"the",
"tanks",
"would",
"be",
"re",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"allocated",
"to",
"the"
] | 879,373 |
particularly taxing on the troops involved. many of the slopes up which they were required to advance had gradients of at least 45 degrees, which meant that even reasonably short distances took considerable time to make matters worse, near the junction of the siki creek, a landslide caused by the allied bombing, coupled with a number of land mines that the japanese had planted, blocked the main road to sattelberg, meaning that the soldiers from the 2 / 48th would have to make the final attack on sattelberg without armoured support. in an effort to counter this problem, whitehead determined that the tanks would be re @ - @ allocated to the
| 754 |
[
"2",
"/",
"23rd",
",",
"in",
"the",
"hope",
"that",
"a",
"new",
"route",
"would",
"be",
"opened",
"up",
"by",
"the",
"engineers",
".",
"although",
"he",
"was",
"being",
"pressured",
"by",
"the",
"divisional",
"commander",
"to",
"increase",
"the",
"speed",
"of",
"the",
"advance",
",",
"whitehead",
"was",
"said",
"to",
"be",
"reasonably",
"happy",
"with",
"the",
"progress",
"being",
"made",
"by",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"48th",
"along",
"the",
"central",
"route",
",",
"although",
"he",
"had",
"mis",
"##giving",
"##s",
"about",
"the",
"performance",
"of",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"23rd",
"on",
"the",
"left",
"and",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"24th",
"on",
"the",
"right",
".",
"to",
"some",
"extent",
",",
"the",
"failure",
"of",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"24th",
"to",
"take",
"the",
"2",
"@",
",",
"@",
"200",
"feature",
"could",
"be",
"attributed",
"to",
"the",
"importance",
"which",
"the",
"japanese",
"commander",
",",
"kata",
"##giri",
",",
"placed",
"upon",
"its",
"defence",
",",
"however",
",",
"whitehead",
"believed",
"that"
] | 879,374 |
2 / 23rd, in the hope that a new route would be opened up by the engineers. although he was being pressured by the divisional commander to increase the speed of the advance, whitehead was said to be reasonably happy with the progress being made by the 2 / 48th along the central route, although he had misgivings about the performance of the 2 / 23rd on the left and the 2 / 24th on the right. to some extent, the failure of the 2 / 24th to take the 2 @, @ 200 feature could be attributed to the importance which the japanese commander, katagiri, placed upon its defence, however, whitehead believed that
| 155 |
[
"the",
"battalion",
"'",
"s",
"commanding",
"officer",
",",
"lieutenant",
"colonel",
"andrew",
"gillespie",
",",
"was",
"pro",
"##cr",
"##ast",
"##inating",
"and",
"being",
"overly",
"cautious",
"in",
"his",
"tactics",
".",
"nevertheless",
",",
"it",
"was",
"later",
"realised",
"that",
"the",
"terrain",
"which",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"24th",
"faced",
"was",
"more",
"formidable",
"than",
"first",
"thought",
",",
"and",
"that",
"in",
"order",
"for",
"the",
"battalion",
"to",
"make",
"progress",
",",
"they",
"too",
",",
"like",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"48th",
",",
"would",
"need",
"tanks",
".",
"some",
"attempt",
"was",
"made",
"by",
"the",
"australians",
"to",
"bring",
"these",
"up",
"from",
"the",
"rear",
"areas",
",",
"but",
"ultimately",
"the",
"fighting",
"around",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
"came",
"to",
"an",
"end",
"before",
"this",
"could",
"be",
"effect",
"##ed",
".",
"on",
"the",
"brigade",
"'",
"s",
"left",
",",
"south",
"of",
"the",
"main",
"route",
",",
"the",
"pace",
"of",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"23rd",
"'",
"s"
] | 879,375 |
the battalion's commanding officer, lieutenant colonel andrew gillespie, was procrastinating and being overly cautious in his tactics. nevertheless, it was later realised that the terrain which the 2 / 24th faced was more formidable than first thought, and that in order for the battalion to make progress, they too, like the 2 / 48th, would need tanks. some attempt was made by the australians to bring these up from the rear areas, but ultimately the fighting around sattelberg came to an end before this could be effected. on the brigade's left, south of the main route, the pace of the 2 / 23rd's
| 1,957 |
[
"advance",
"had",
"also",
"caused",
"whitehead",
"some",
"concern",
".",
"indeed",
",",
"whitehead",
"went",
"as",
"far",
"to",
"express",
"this",
"to",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"23rd",
"'",
"s",
"commanding",
"officer",
",",
"lieutenant",
"colonel",
"frederick",
"tucker",
",",
"who",
"pointed",
"out",
"that",
"his",
"lack",
"of",
"progress",
"had",
"been",
"caused",
"by",
"the",
"large",
"number",
"of",
"tasks",
"that",
"the",
"battalion",
"had",
"been",
"assigned",
",",
"namely",
"the",
"competing",
"demands",
"to",
"secure",
"the",
"flank",
"while",
"attempting",
"to",
"move",
"quickly",
"through",
"broken",
"country",
"in",
"order",
"to",
"make",
"its",
"scheduled",
"rendezvous",
"with",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"48th",
".",
"on",
"23",
"november",
",",
"allied",
"bombers",
"attacked",
"the",
"fortress",
"at",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
",",
"as",
"well",
"as",
"defensive",
"positions",
"around",
"ku",
"##ma",
"##wa",
".",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"48th",
",",
"nearing",
"their",
"objective",
",",
"cautiously",
"began",
"to",
"probe",
"the",
"outer",
"positions",
",",
"while",
"to"
] | 879,376 |
advance had also caused whitehead some concern. indeed, whitehead went as far to express this to the 2 / 23rd's commanding officer, lieutenant colonel frederick tucker, who pointed out that his lack of progress had been caused by the large number of tasks that the battalion had been assigned, namely the competing demands to secure the flank while attempting to move quickly through broken country in order to make its scheduled rendezvous with the 2 / 48th. on 23 november, allied bombers attacked the fortress at sattelberg, as well as defensive positions around kumawa. the 2 / 48th, nearing their objective, cautiously began to probe the outer positions, while to
| 1,957 |
[
"the",
"north",
",",
"three",
"companies",
"from",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"24th",
"managed",
"to",
"reach",
"the",
"saddle",
"that",
"lay",
"below",
"the",
"north",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"eastern",
"approach",
"to",
"the",
"mission",
",",
"although",
"there",
"was",
"still",
"uncertainty",
"as",
"to",
"whether",
"or",
"not",
"the",
"japanese",
"had",
"withdrawn",
"from",
"the",
"2",
"@",
",",
"@",
"200",
"feature",
".",
"to",
"the",
"south",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"west",
",",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"23rd",
"began",
"skirt",
"##ing",
"north",
"around",
"the",
"main",
"positions",
"at",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
",",
"making",
"for",
"the",
"3",
"@",
",",
"@",
"200",
"feature",
".",
"after",
"they",
"had",
"struck",
"turn",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"off",
"corner",
",",
"the",
"infantry",
"from",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"23rd",
"were",
"accompanied",
"by",
"engineers",
"from",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"13th",
"field",
"company",
",",
"who",
"were",
"tasked",
"with",
"laying",
"down",
"a",
"makeshift",
"road",
",",
"over"
] | 879,377 |
the north, three companies from the 2 / 24th managed to reach the saddle that lay below the north @ - @ eastern approach to the mission, although there was still uncertainty as to whether or not the japanese had withdrawn from the 2 @, @ 200 feature. to the south @ - @ west, the 2 / 23rd began skirting north around the main positions at sattelberg, making for the 3 @, @ 200 feature. after they had struck turn @ - @ off corner, the infantry from the 2 / 23rd were accompanied by engineers from the 2 / 13th field company, who were tasked with laying down a makeshift road, over
| 1,924 |
[
"which",
"the",
"tanks",
"that",
"had",
"been",
"re",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"allocated",
"to",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"23rd",
"would",
"traverse",
".",
"by",
"24",
"november",
"the",
"australians",
"were",
"within",
"striking",
"distance",
"of",
"the",
"mission",
"atop",
"the",
"summit",
".",
"a",
"reconnaissance",
"patrol",
"the",
"previous",
"evening",
"had",
"provided",
"the",
"australian",
"commander",
"with",
"the",
"idea",
"to",
"send",
"a",
"company",
"from",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"48th",
"over",
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"si",
"##ki",
"creek",
"and",
"attack",
"the",
"mission",
"from",
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"south",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"east",
"up",
"a",
"steep",
"es",
"##car",
"##pment",
"that",
"was",
"covered",
"in",
"thick",
"kun",
"##ai",
"grass",
",",
"which",
"offered",
"an",
"attacking",
"force",
"a",
"degree",
"of",
"conceal",
"##ment",
".",
"a",
"red",
"roofed",
"hut",
"stood",
"at",
"the",
"point",
"where",
"the",
"attack",
"was",
"aimed",
".",
"this",
"was",
"about",
"300",
"metres",
"(",
"330",
"yd",
")",
"below",
"the",
"lutheran",
"church",
"that"
] | 879,378 |
which the tanks that had been re @ - @ allocated to the 2 / 23rd would traverse. by 24 november the australians were within striking distance of the mission atop the summit. a reconnaissance patrol the previous evening had provided the australian commander with the idea to send a company from the 2 / 48th over the siki creek and attack the mission from the south @ - @ east up a steep escarpment that was covered in thick kunai grass, which offered an attacking force a degree of concealment. a red roofed hut stood at the point where the attack was aimed. this was about 300 metres ( 330 yd ) below the lutheran church that
| 465 |
[
"formed",
"the",
"main",
"part",
"of",
"the",
"mission",
".",
"around",
"the",
"hut",
",",
"the",
"japanese",
"had",
"constructed",
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"number",
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"reinforced",
"defensive",
"positions",
"and",
"although",
"they",
"had",
"not",
"been",
"damaged",
"by",
"the",
"numerous",
"aerial",
"attacks",
"that",
"had",
"been",
"launched",
"by",
"the",
"allies",
"during",
"the",
"previous",
"week",
",",
"it",
"was",
"believed",
"that",
"because",
"the",
"approach",
"was",
"so",
"difficult",
",",
"it",
"might",
"be",
"lightly",
"defended",
".",
"during",
"the",
"morning",
",",
"while",
"a",
"diversion",
"##ary",
"attack",
"was",
"made",
"by",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"23rd",
"battalion",
",",
"and",
"patrols",
"from",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"24th",
"to",
"the",
"north",
"attempted",
"to",
"break",
"through",
",",
"a",
"company",
"from",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"48th",
",",
"under",
"the",
"command",
"of",
"captain",
"dean",
"##e",
"hill",
",",
"attempted",
"to",
"reach",
"the",
"summit",
"at",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
".",
"two",
"platoon",
"##s",
"launched",
"attacks"
] | 879,379 |
formed the main part of the mission. around the hut, the japanese had constructed a number of reinforced defensive positions and although they had not been damaged by the numerous aerial attacks that had been launched by the allies during the previous week, it was believed that because the approach was so difficult, it might be lightly defended. during the morning, while a diversionary attack was made by the 2 / 23rd battalion, and patrols from the 2 / 24th to the north attempted to break through, a company from the 2 / 48th, under the command of captain deane hill, attempted to reach the summit at sattelberg. two platoons launched attacks
| 1,955 |
[
"during",
"the",
"early",
"afternoon",
",",
"but",
"were",
"beaten",
"back",
"by",
"the",
"twenty",
"japanese",
"defenders",
"that",
"were",
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"in",
"around",
"the",
"spur",
".",
"late",
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",",
"a",
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",",
"11",
"platoon",
",",
"under",
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"command",
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"(",
"later",
"lieutenant",
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"tom",
"derrick",
",",
"attempted",
"another",
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"from",
"further",
"to",
"the",
"right",
"of",
"the",
"position",
"but",
"it",
"too",
"was",
"checked",
"by",
"machine",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"gun",
"fire",
"and",
"lo",
"##bbed",
"grenades",
".",
"as",
"the",
"light",
"began",
"to",
"fade",
",",
"derrick",
"reported",
"his",
"lack",
"of",
"progress",
"to",
"his",
"company",
"commander",
"and",
"was",
"subsequently",
"ordered",
"to",
"withdraw",
",",
"so",
"that",
"another",
"attempt",
"could",
"be",
"made",
"in",
"the",
"morning",
".",
"derrick",
"'",
"s",
"response",
"to",
"this",
"order",
"was",
"to",
"ob",
"##fus",
"##cate",
",",
"however",
",",
"and",
"instead",
"of",
"withdrawing"
] | 879,380 |
during the early afternoon, but were beaten back by the twenty japanese defenders that were dug in around the spur. late in the afternoon, a third platoon, 11 platoon, under the command of sergeant ( later lieutenant ) tom derrick, attempted another attack from further to the right of the position but it too was checked by machine @ - @ gun fire and lobbed grenades. as the light began to fade, derrick reported his lack of progress to his company commander and was subsequently ordered to withdraw, so that another attempt could be made in the morning. derrick's response to this order was to obfuscate, however, and instead of withdrawing
| 744 |
[
",",
"he",
"subsequently",
"led",
"his",
"platoon",
"forward",
",",
"attacking",
"10",
"japanese",
"positions",
"with",
"grenades",
"as",
"his",
"men",
"supported",
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"with",
"br",
"##en",
"and",
"owen",
"sub",
"##mac",
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"@",
"-",
"@",
"gun",
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".",
"after",
"stopping",
"about",
"100",
"yards",
"(",
"91",
"m",
")",
"from",
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"summit",
",",
"derrick",
"'",
"s",
"platoon",
"continued",
"to",
"hold",
"their",
"position",
"through",
"the",
"night",
".",
"elsewhere",
",",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"24th",
"battalion",
"reported",
"that",
"they",
"were",
"just",
"below",
"the",
"crest",
"of",
"the",
"2",
"@",
",",
"@",
"200",
"feature",
",",
"the",
"last",
"japanese",
"defensive",
"position",
"to",
"the",
"north",
",",
"and",
"that",
"they",
"would",
"capture",
"it",
"the",
"following",
"morning",
",",
"before",
"proceeding",
"on",
"to",
"their",
"secondary",
"objective",
"at",
"pal",
"##an",
"##ko",
".",
"believing",
"that",
"the",
"key",
"to",
"taking",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
"lay",
"in",
"having",
"the",
"2"
] | 879,381 |
, he subsequently led his platoon forward, attacking 10 japanese positions with grenades as his men supported him with bren and owen submachine @ - @ gun fire. after stopping about 100 yards ( 91 m ) from the summit, derrick's platoon continued to hold their position through the night. elsewhere, the 2 / 24th battalion reported that they were just below the crest of the 2 @, @ 200 feature, the last japanese defensive position to the north, and that they would capture it the following morning, before proceeding on to their secondary objective at palanko. believing that the key to taking sattelberg lay in having the 2
| 1,955 |
[
"/",
"24th",
"in",
"a",
"position",
"to",
"support",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"48th",
"'",
"s",
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",",
"whitehead",
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"/",
"24th",
"as",
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".",
"the",
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"morning",
",",
"at",
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"light",
",",
"spurred",
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"11",
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",",
"reinforcements",
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"/",
"48th",
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"up",
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"complete",
"the",
"capture",
"of",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
".",
"just",
"after",
"dawn",
",",
"a",
"heavy",
"artillery",
"barrage",
"was",
"brought",
"down",
"on",
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"summit",
"by",
"australian",
"artillery",
"in",
"preparation",
"for",
"the",
"final",
"attack",
".",
"at",
"8",
":",
"25",
"am",
"patrols",
"were",
"sent",
"out",
"from",
"'",
"b",
"'",
"company",
",",
"2",
"/",
"48th",
"battalion",
",",
"and",
"they",
"subsequently",
"reported",
"that",
"the",
"japanese",
"had",
"abandoned",
"the",
"position",
"sometime",
"during",
"the",
"night"
] | 879,382 |
/ 24th in a position to support the 2 / 48th's final attack, whitehead pressured for the tanks to get up to the 2 / 24th as soon as possible. the following morning, at first light, spurred on by the example provided by 11 platoon, reinforcements from the 2 / 48th came up to complete the capture of sattelberg. just after dawn, a heavy artillery barrage was brought down on the summit by australian artillery in preparation for the final attack. at 8 : 25 am patrols were sent out from'b'company, 2 / 48th battalion, and they subsequently reported that the japanese had abandoned the position sometime during the night
| 1,955 |
[
".",
"indeed",
",",
"it",
"was",
"later",
"established",
"that",
"mi",
"##ya",
"##ke",
",",
"who",
"had",
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"##able",
",",
"had",
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"from",
"the",
"position",
"soon",
"after",
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"'",
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"attack",
".",
"fifty",
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"later",
",",
"the",
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"elements",
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"2",
"/",
"48th",
"battalion",
"entered",
"the",
"main",
"mission",
"complex",
",",
"which",
"was",
"found",
"to",
"be",
"quite",
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"damaged",
".",
"finally",
",",
"at",
"10",
":",
"00",
"am",
",",
"upon",
"the",
"insistence",
"of",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"48th",
"battalion",
"'",
"s",
"commanding",
"officer",
",",
"lieutenant",
"colonel",
"robert",
"ain",
"##sl",
"##ie",
",",
"derrick",
"was",
"given",
"the",
"honour",
"of",
"raising",
"the",
"australian",
"flag",
"over",
"the",
"mission",
",",
"sign"
] | 879,383 |
. indeed, it was later established that miyake, who had been in command of the troops gathered around the mission and had been given permission to abandon sattelberg if the situation became untenable, had decided to withdraw from the position soon after derrick's attack. fifty minutes later, the lead elements of the 2 / 48th battalion entered the main mission complex, which was found to be quite badly damaged. finally, at 10 : 00 am, upon the insistence of the 2 / 48th battalion's commanding officer, lieutenant colonel robert ainslie, derrick was given the honour of raising the australian flag over the mission, sign
| 1,957 |
[
"##ifying",
"that",
"the",
"battle",
"had",
"come",
"to",
"an",
"end",
".",
"shortly",
"after",
"this",
",",
"the",
"tanks",
"finally",
"reached",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"24th",
"battalion",
",",
"and",
"the",
"2",
"@",
",",
"@",
"200",
"feature",
"was",
"also",
"captured",
".",
"upon",
"completion",
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"the",
"flag",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"raising",
"ceremony",
",",
"a",
"company",
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"2",
"/",
"48th",
"moved",
"on",
"to",
"the",
"3",
"@",
",",
"@",
"200",
"feature",
",",
"which",
"had",
"also",
"been",
"abandoned",
",",
"while",
"further",
"to",
"the",
"west",
",",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"23rd",
",",
"along",
"with",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"4th",
"commando",
"squadron",
"cleared",
"mara",
"##ru",
"##o",
"and",
"in",
"the",
"process",
"found",
"evidence",
"that",
"the",
"japanese",
"had",
"withdrawn",
"towards",
"ware",
"##o",
".",
"=",
"=",
"aftermath",
"=",
"=",
"during",
"the",
"fighting",
"around",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
",",
"the",
"australians",
"lost",
"49",
"men",
"killed"
] | 879,384 |
##ifying that the battle had come to an end. shortly after this, the tanks finally reached the 2 / 24th battalion, and the 2 @, @ 200 feature was also captured. upon completion of the flag @ - @ raising ceremony, a company from the 2 / 48th moved on to the 3 @, @ 200 feature, which had also been abandoned, while further to the west, the 2 / 23rd, along with the 2 / 4th commando squadron cleared mararuo and in the process found evidence that the japanese had withdrawn towards wareo. = = aftermath = = during the fighting around sattelberg, the australians lost 49 men killed
| 1,955 |
[
"and",
"a",
"further",
"118",
"wounded",
".",
"in",
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",",
"this",
"was",
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".",
"japanese",
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",",
"but",
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"a",
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",",
"while",
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"59",
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"/",
"24th",
"'",
"s",
"position",
"on",
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"220",
"##0",
"feature",
",",
"and",
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"documents",
"indicated",
"that",
"the",
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"close",
"to",
"starvation",
".",
"a",
"large",
"quantity",
"of",
"weapons",
"were",
"also",
"captured",
",",
"including",
"two",
"75",
"mm",
"artillery",
"pieces",
",",
"three",
"37",
"mm",
"anti",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"tank",
"guns",
"and",
"18",
"type",
"92",
"heavy",
"machine",
"guns",
"(",
"colloquially",
"known",
"as",
"\"",
"wood",
"##pe",
"##cker",
"##s",
"\"",
")",
",",
"as",
"well",
"as",
"a"
] | 879,385 |
and a further 118 wounded. in the circumstances, this was considered to be light. japanese casualties are unknown, but are believed to have been " heavy " : a large number of japanese bodies were found during the advance on sattelberg, while another 59 were counted around the 2 / 24th's position on the 2200 feature, and captured documents indicated that the defenders had been close to starvation. a large quantity of weapons were also captured, including two 75 mm artillery pieces, three 37 mm anti @ - @ tank guns and 18 type 92 heavy machine guns ( colloquially known as " woodpeckers " ), as well as a
| 1,810 |
[
"considerable",
"number",
"of",
"mortar",
"##s",
",",
"light",
"machine",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"guns",
"and",
"ass",
"##orted",
"small",
"arms",
".",
"following",
"the",
"capture",
"of",
"sat",
"##tel",
"##berg",
"on",
"25",
"november",
",",
"the",
"26th",
"brigade",
"continued",
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"north",
".",
"further",
"fighting",
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"as",
"they",
"pushed",
"on",
"over",
"difficult",
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"to",
"ware",
"##o",
",",
"where",
"they",
"arrived",
"on",
"8",
"december",
".",
"after",
"the",
"australians",
"took",
"ware",
"##o",
",",
"the",
"japanese",
"began",
"to",
"fall",
"back",
"to",
"si",
"##o",
",",
"where",
"subsequent",
"fighting",
"took",
"place",
"throughout",
"december",
"1943",
"and",
"early",
"1944",
".",
"for",
"his",
"actions",
"during",
"the",
"final",
"assault",
"on",
"the",
"mission",
",",
"derrick",
"was",
"awarded",
"the",
"victoria",
"cross",
"—",
"his",
"nation",
"'",
"s",
"highest",
"military",
"decoration",
".",
"derrick",
"was",
"the",
"fourth",
"soldier",
"from",
"the",
"2",
"/",
"48th",
"battalion",
"to",
"receive"
] | 879,386 |
considerable number of mortars, light machine @ - @ guns and assorted small arms. following the capture of sattelberg on 25 november, the 26th brigade continued to advance to the north. further fighting ensued as they pushed on over difficult terrain to wareo, where they arrived on 8 december. after the australians took wareo, the japanese began to fall back to sio, where subsequent fighting took place throughout december 1943 and early 1944. for his actions during the final assault on the mission, derrick was awarded the victoria cross — his nation's highest military decoration. derrick was the fourth soldier from the 2 / 48th battalion to receive
| 1,955 |
[
"the",
"award",
";",
"by",
"the",
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"the",
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"2",
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"\"",
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"##tel",
"##berg",
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"/",
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".",
"=",
"ac",
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"##cott",
"##a",
"=",
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"##qua",
"##cott",
"##a",
"(",
"pronounced",
"[",
"[UNK]",
"]",
";",
"italian",
"for",
"\"",
"cooked",
"water",
"\"",
")",
"is",
"a",
"bro",
"##th",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"based",
"hot",
"soup",
"in",
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"originally",
"a",
"peasant",
"food",
".",
"its",
"preparation",
"and",
"consumption",
"dates",
"back"
] | 879,387 |
the award ; by the end of the hostilities the 2 / 48th had the distinction of being the most highly decorated australian army unit of the second world war. the following australian units received the battle honour of " sattelberg " for their involvement in the battle : 1st tank battalion, 2 / 23rd battalion, 2 / 24th battalion, 2 / 48th battalion and the 2 / 2nd machine gun battalion. = acquacotta = acquacotta ( pronounced [ [UNK] ] ; italian for " cooked water " ) is a broth @ - @ based hot soup in italian cuisine that was originally a peasant food. its preparation and consumption dates back
| 1,950 |
[
"to",
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",",
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",",
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",",
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",",
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"the"
] | 879,388 |
to ancient history, and it originated in the coastal area of named maremma in southern tuscany and northern lazio. the dish was invented in part as a means to make hardened, stale bread edible. in contemporary times, ingredients can vary, and additional ingredients are sometimes used. variations of the dish include aquacotta con funghi and aquacotta con peperoni. acquacotta is a simple traditional dish originating in the coastal region of italy known as maremma, which spans the southern half of tuscany's coast and runs into northern lazio. the word " acquacotta " means " cooked water " in the
| 1,553 |
[
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"stale"
] | 879,389 |
italian language. it was originally a peasant food, and has been described as an ancient dish, the recipe of which was derived in part by people who lived in the tuscan forest working as colliers ( charcoal burners ), who were typically very poor and are " traditionally among the poorest of people ". it was also prepared and consumed by farmers and shepherds in the maremma area. historically, the soup was sometimes served as an antipasto dish, the first course in an italian meal. it remains a popular dish in maremma and throughout italy. acquacotta was invented in part as a means to make stale
| 1,553 |
[
",",
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";",
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"of",
"the"
] | 879,390 |
, hardened bread edible. people that worked away from home for significant periods of time, such as woodcutters and shepherds, would bring bread and other foods with them ( such as pancetta and salt cod ) to hold them over. acquacotta was prepared and used to marinate the stale bread, thus softening it. a legend about acquacotta exists in relation to the concept of stone soup, which is generally based upon a premise of a poor traveler who arrived at a village having only a stone, but convinced the villagers to add ingredients to his stone soup, creating acquacotta ; variations of the
| 253 |
[
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"bro",
"##th",
",",
"eggs",
",",
"cheese"
] | 879,391 |
legend exist. historically, acquacotta's primary ingredients were water, stale bread, onion, tomato and olive oil, along with various vegetables and leftover foods that may have been available. in the earlier 1800s, some preparations used agresto, a juice derived from half @ - @ ripened grapes, in place of tomatoes, which were not a common food in italy prior to " the latter decades of the nineteenth century ". = = in contemporary times = = contemporary preparations of acquacotta may use stale, fresh, or toasted bread, and can include additional ingredients such as vegetable broth, eggs, cheese
| 1,553 |
[
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".",
"the",
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"may",
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"topped",
"with",
"a",
"po",
"##ache"
] | 879,392 |
##s such as parmigiano @ - @ reggiano and pecorino toscano, celery, garlic, basil, beans such as cannellini beans, cabbage, kale, lemon juice, salt, pepper, potatoes and others. some versions may use edible mushrooms such as porcini, wild herbs, and leaf vegetables / greens such as arugula, endive, mint, chard, chicory, dandelion greens, watercress, valerian and others. as the greens boil down, they contribute to the broth's flavor. the dish may be topped with a poache
| 1,553 |
[
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"por"
] | 879,393 |
##d egg. contemporary versions may be prepared in advance from a few hours to a day, stored in a cold place or refrigerated, and then reheated prior to serving. it can also be preserved by freezing. = = variations = = acquacotta con funghi is an aquacotta soup variation that uses porcini mushrooms as a primary ingredient. additional ingredients include bread, stock or water, tomato conserva, parmesan cheese, eggs, mentuccia, wild mint, garlic, olive oil, salt and pepper. this variation's flavor and aroma has been described as based upon the por
| 1,553 |
[
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",",
"leslie",
"(",
"amy",
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"##logist",
",",
"played",
"by",
"poe",
"##hler",
"'",
"s",
"then",
"@",
"-"
] | 879,394 |
##cini mushrooms that are used ; parsley may also be used. acquacotta con peperoni is an aquacotta soup variation that includes celery, red pepper and garlic. = the set up ( parks and recreation ) = " the set up " is the 13th episode of the second season of the american comedy television series parks and recreation, and the nineteenth overall episode of the series. it originally aired on nbc in the united states on january 14, 2010. in the episode, leslie ( amy poehler ) is set up on a blind date with an mri technologist, played by poehler's then @ -
| 2,946 |
[
"@",
"husband",
",",
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"actor",
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"reviews",
".",
"when",
"leslie",
"(",
"amy",
"poe"
] | 879,395 |
@ husband, comedic actor will arnett. the episode was directed by troy miller and written by katie dippold. in addition to arnett's performance, " the set up " featured the first of several guest appearances by justin theroux, who portrayed a love interest for leslie, and ben schwartz, who played tom's fast @ - @ talking friend jean @ - @ ralphio. according to nielsen media research, " the set up " was seen by 4 @. @ 59 million households, which was considered consistent with other second season episodes. " the set up " received generally positive reviews. when leslie ( amy poe
| 2,952 |
[
"##hler",
")",
"learns",
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"is",
"being",
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"ar",
"##nett",
")",
"an",
"mri",
"techno",
"##logist",
"ann",
"works",
"with",
"."
] | 879,396 |
##hler ) learns pawnee is being sued by the previous owners of the lot where she is seeking to build a park, ann ( rashida jones ) refers her to her lawyer friend justin anderson ( justin theroux ), who she calls " the greatest guy ever ". justin helps leslie resolve the issue, and the two seem to get along very well together. having recently broken up with her boyfriend, leslie asks ann to set her up on a date, but is surprised when ann hesitates to set her up with justin. instead, she arranges a date with chris ( will arnett ) an mri technologist ann works with.
| 2,471 |
[
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"him",
"a",
"ride",
"home",
".",
"meanwhile",
",",
"mark",
"(",
"paul"
] | 879,397 |
the date goes poorly, with chris appearing annoyed upon learning leslie attended a rival college, and that she was a director of regular parks, not amusement parks. when leslie said she has never received an mri, chris takes her to the hospital to receive one. chris makes uncomfortable comments, remarking that leslie has an excellent uterus ( " could easily have triplets right off the bat " ) and asking whether she is having her period, presumably in anticipation of sex later. leslie rejects his advances when the date ends, prompting him to make an angry goodbye, even though leslie still needs to give him a ride home. meanwhile, mark ( paul
| 2,471 |
[
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"##old",
"##s",
"ann",
"for",
"hurting",
"mark",
"'",
"s",
"feelings",
",",
"then",
"tries",
"to",
"trick",
"her",
"into",
"thinking",
"she",
"was",
"still",
"dating",
"him",
",",
"which",
"does",
"not",
"work",
".",
"realizing",
"her",
"behavior",
"was",
"inappropriate",
",",
"ann",
"sets",
"leslie",
"up",
"on",
"a",
"date",
"with",
"justin",
".",
"meanwhile",
",",
"ron",
"(",
"nick",
"offer",
"##man",
")",
"deals",
"with",
"complaints",
"from",
"local",
"residents",
"due",
"to",
"a",
"new"
] | 879,398 |
schneider ) grows suspicious that ann harbors romantic feelings for justin. he eventually confronts ann and accuses her of trying to " save " justin for a possible relationship in the future. mark asks ann's ex @ - @ boyfriend andy ( chris pratt ), who also recalls ann's infatuation with justin. andy scolds ann for hurting mark's feelings, then tries to trick her into thinking she was still dating him, which does not work. realizing her behavior was inappropriate, ann sets leslie up on a date with justin. meanwhile, ron ( nick offerman ) deals with complaints from local residents due to a new
| 2,471 |
[
"town",
"policy",
"requiring",
"public",
"officials",
"to",
"deal",
"more",
"directly",
"to",
"the",
"public",
".",
"ron",
"calls",
"the",
"policy",
"\"",
"my",
"hell",
"\"",
",",
"and",
"seeks",
"a",
"new",
"assistant",
"to",
"protect",
"him",
"from",
"the",
"citizens",
".",
"tom",
"(",
"aziz",
"an",
"##sari",
")",
"volunteers",
"to",
"find",
"ron",
"an",
"assistant",
",",
"but",
"during",
"job",
"interviews",
"he",
"asks",
"questions",
"about",
"\"",
"real",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"world",
"expertise",
"\"",
",",
"such",
"as",
"what",
"tie",
"he",
"should",
"wear",
"to",
"the",
"club",
"and",
"what",
"to",
"text",
"girls",
"after",
"a",
"party",
".",
"tom",
"brings",
"forward",
"a",
"fast",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"talking",
"candidate",
"named",
"jean",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"ralph",
"##io",
"(",
"ben",
"schwartz",
")",
",",
"whose",
"personality",
"closely",
"resembles",
"tom",
"'",
"s",
".",
"ron",
"hates",
"him",
"right",
"away",
".",
"april",
"(",
"aubrey",
"plaza",
")",
"draws",
"attention",
"around",
"the"
] | 879,399 |
town policy requiring public officials to deal more directly to the public. ron calls the policy " my hell ", and seeks a new assistant to protect him from the citizens. tom ( aziz ansari ) volunteers to find ron an assistant, but during job interviews he asks questions about " real @ - @ world expertise ", such as what tie he should wear to the club and what to text girls after a party. tom brings forward a fast @ - @ talking candidate named jean @ - @ ralphio ( ben schwartz ), whose personality closely resembles tom's. ron hates him right away. april ( aubrey plaza ) draws attention around the
| 2,471 |
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