tokens
list | idx
int64 0
880k
| text
stringlengths 155
866
| cluster
int64 0
3k
|
|---|---|---|---|
[
".",
"\"",
"for",
"many",
"years",
"harris",
"claimed",
"to",
"have",
"been",
"the",
"first",
"woman",
"science",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"fiction",
"writer",
"in",
"the",
"united",
"states",
".",
"while",
"this",
"can",
"be",
"debated",
"(",
"since",
"gertrude",
"barrow",
"##s",
"bennett",
",",
"writing",
"under",
"the",
"pseudonym",
"francis",
"stevens",
",",
"published",
"science",
"fiction",
"stories",
"as",
"early",
"as",
"1917",
")",
",",
"harris",
"is",
"recognized",
"as",
"the",
"first",
"woman",
"to",
"publish",
"stories",
"in",
"science",
"fiction",
"magazines",
"under",
"her",
"own",
"name",
".",
"even",
"though",
"harris",
"published",
"only",
"a",
"handful",
"of",
"stories",
",",
"almost",
"all",
"of",
"them",
"have",
"been",
"reprinted",
"over",
"the",
"years",
".",
"of",
"these",
",",
"\"",
"the",
"miracle",
"of",
"the",
"lily",
"\"",
"has",
"been",
"reprinted",
"the",
"most",
"and",
"praised",
"by",
"many",
"critics",
",",
"with",
"richard",
"lu",
"##po",
"##ff",
"saying",
"the",
"story",
"would",
"have",
"\"",
"won",
"the",
"hugo"
] | 878,400 |
. " for many years harris claimed to have been the first woman science @ - @ fiction writer in the united states. while this can be debated ( since gertrude barrows bennett, writing under the pseudonym francis stevens, published science fiction stories as early as 1917 ), harris is recognized as the first woman to publish stories in science fiction magazines under her own name. even though harris published only a handful of stories, almost all of them have been reprinted over the years. of these, " the miracle of the lily " has been reprinted the most and praised by many critics, with richard lupoff saying the story would have " won the hugo
| 2,685 |
[
"award",
"for",
"best",
"short",
"story",
",",
"if",
"the",
"award",
"had",
"existed",
"then",
".",
"\"",
"lu",
"##po",
"##ff",
"also",
"wrote",
"that",
"\"",
"[",
"w",
"]",
"hi",
"##le",
"today",
"'",
"s",
"reader",
"may",
"find",
"her",
"prose",
"cr",
"##eak",
"##y",
"and",
"old",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"fashioned",
",",
"the",
"stories",
"positively",
"tee",
"##m",
"with",
"still",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"fresh",
"and",
"provocative",
"ideas",
".",
"\"",
"the",
"fate",
"of",
"the",
"pose",
"##idon",
"##ia",
"\"",
"has",
"also",
"been",
"reprinted",
"a",
"number",
"of",
"times",
"and",
"is",
"credited",
"as",
"an",
"early",
"example",
"of",
"a",
"science",
"fiction",
"story",
"with",
"a",
"heroic",
"female",
"lead",
"character",
".",
"other",
"of",
"harris",
"'",
"s",
"stories",
"are",
"also",
"noted",
"for",
"featuring",
"strong",
"female",
"characters",
",",
"such",
"as",
"sylvia",
",",
"the",
"airplane",
"pilot",
"and",
"mechanic",
"in",
"\"",
"the",
"ape",
"cycle",
"\"",
"(",
"1930",
")"
] | 878,401 |
award for best short story, if the award had existed then. " lupoff also wrote that " [ w ] hile today's reader may find her prose creaky and old @ - @ fashioned, the stories positively teem with still @ - @ fresh and provocative ideas. " the fate of the poseidonia " has also been reprinted a number of times and is credited as an early example of a science fiction story with a heroic female lead character. other of harris's stories are also noted for featuring strong female characters, such as sylvia, the airplane pilot and mechanic in " the ape cycle " ( 1930 )
| 2,685 |
[
".",
"harris",
"also",
"wrote",
"one",
"story",
"utilizing",
"a",
"female",
"point",
"of",
"view",
"(",
"in",
"1928",
"'",
"s",
"\"",
"the",
"fifth",
"dimension",
"\"",
")",
".",
"because",
"harris",
"was",
"the",
"first",
"woman",
"published",
"in",
"science",
"fiction",
"magazines",
",",
"and",
"because",
"of",
"her",
"embrace",
"of",
"female",
"characters",
"and",
"themes",
",",
"she",
"has",
"been",
"recognized",
"in",
"recent",
"years",
"as",
"a",
"pioneer",
"of",
"women",
"'",
"s",
"and",
"feminist",
"science",
"fiction",
".",
"per",
"##se",
"##phone",
"of",
"el",
"##eus",
"##is",
":",
"a",
"romance",
"of",
"ancient",
"greece",
"(",
"1923",
")",
"away",
"from",
"the",
"here",
"and",
"now",
":",
"stories",
"in",
"pseudo",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"science",
"(",
"philadelphia",
":",
"do",
"##rran",
"##ce",
",",
"1947",
")",
"(",
"all",
"stories",
"included",
"in",
"away",
"from",
"the",
"here",
"and",
"now",
")",
".",
"\"",
"a",
"runaway",
"world",
"\"",
"(",
"weird",
"tales",
",",
"july"
] | 878,402 |
. harris also wrote one story utilizing a female point of view ( in 1928's " the fifth dimension " ). because harris was the first woman published in science fiction magazines, and because of her embrace of female characters and themes, she has been recognized in recent years as a pioneer of women's and feminist science fiction. persephone of eleusis : a romance of ancient greece ( 1923 ) away from the here and now : stories in pseudo @ - @ science ( philadelphia : dorrance, 1947 ) ( all stories included in away from the here and now ). " a runaway world " ( weird tales, july
| 2,685 |
[
"\"",
"a",
"baby",
"on",
"neptune",
"\"",
"with",
"miles",
"j",
".",
"br",
"##eu",
"##er",
",",
"m",
".",
"d",
".",
"(",
"amazing",
"stories",
",",
"december",
"1929",
")",
"\"",
"the",
"dia",
"##bolic",
"##al",
"drug",
"\"",
"(",
"amazing",
"stories",
",",
"may",
"1929",
")",
"\"",
"the",
"evolutionary",
"mons",
"##tro",
"##sity",
"\"",
"(",
"amazing",
"stories",
"quarterly",
",",
"winter",
"1929",
")",
"\"",
"the",
"ape",
"cycle",
"\"",
"(",
"science",
"wonder",
"quarterly",
",",
"spring",
"1930",
")",
"letter",
"(",
"air",
"wonder",
"stories",
",",
"september",
"1929",
")",
"letter",
"(",
"wonder",
"stories",
",",
"august",
"1931",
")",
"=",
"richard",
"ren",
"##nis",
"##on",
"=",
"richard",
"ren",
"##nis",
"##on",
"(",
"29",
"october",
"1889",
"–",
"5",
"august",
"1969",
")",
"was",
"the",
"last",
"\"",
"an",
"##vil",
"priest",
"\"",
"at",
"gr",
"##et",
"##na",
"green",
",",
"scotland",
".",
"between",
"1926",
"and",
"1940",
",",
"he",
"performed",
"\"",
"irregular"
] | 878,403 |
" a baby on neptune " with miles j. breuer, m. d. ( amazing stories, december 1929 ) " the diabolical drug " ( amazing stories, may 1929 ) " the evolutionary monstrosity " ( amazing stories quarterly, winter 1929 ) " the ape cycle " ( science wonder quarterly, spring 1930 ) letter ( air wonder stories, september 1929 ) letter ( wonder stories, august 1931 ) = richard rennison = richard rennison ( 29 october 1889 – 5 august 1969 ) was the last " anvil priest " at gretna green, scotland. between 1926 and 1940, he performed " irregular
| 2,685 |
[
"marriages",
"\"",
"of",
"couples",
"over",
"the",
"an",
"##vil",
"at",
"the",
"old",
"blacksmith",
"shop",
",",
"where",
"the",
"couple",
"proclaimed",
"that",
"they",
"were",
"single",
"and",
"wanted",
"to",
"get",
"married",
"in",
"front",
"of",
"witnesses",
".",
"as",
"\"",
"an",
"##vil",
"priest",
"\"",
",",
"ren",
"##nis",
"##on",
"generally",
"requested",
"a",
"fee",
"of",
"£",
"1",
",",
"but",
"was",
"known",
"to",
"earn",
"up",
"to",
"£",
"20",
"for",
"a",
"ceremony",
"(",
"approximately",
"£",
"3",
"@",
",",
"@",
"03",
"##0",
"in",
"2012",
")",
".",
"the",
"popularity",
"of",
"the",
"marriages",
"grew",
"whilst",
"he",
"was",
"performing",
"them",
",",
"to",
"the",
"point",
"that",
"a",
"special",
"committee",
"was",
"formed",
"to",
"look",
"at",
"marriage",
"in",
"scotland",
",",
"to",
"which",
"ren",
"##nis",
"##on",
"was",
"called",
"as",
"a",
"witness",
".",
"by",
"the",
"time",
"\"",
"irregular",
"marriages",
"\"",
"were",
"outlawed",
"in",
"scotland",
"by",
"the",
"marriage"
] | 878,404 |
marriages " of couples over the anvil at the old blacksmith shop, where the couple proclaimed that they were single and wanted to get married in front of witnesses. as " anvil priest ", rennison generally requested a fee of £ 1, but was known to earn up to £ 20 for a ceremony ( approximately £ 3 @, @ 030 in 2012 ). the popularity of the marriages grew whilst he was performing them, to the point that a special committee was formed to look at marriage in scotland, to which rennison was called as a witness. by the time " irregular marriages " were outlawed in scotland by the marriage
| 2,412 |
[
"(",
"scotland",
")",
"act",
"1939",
",",
"ren",
"##nis",
"##on",
"had",
"conducted",
"5",
"@",
",",
"@",
"147",
"ceremonies",
".",
"=",
"=",
"personal",
"life",
"=",
"=",
"richard",
"ren",
"##nis",
"##on",
"was",
"born",
"on",
"29",
"october",
"1889",
"in",
"shan",
"##kh",
"##ouse",
",",
"northumberland",
"to",
"coal",
"##mine",
"##r",
"james",
"ren",
"##nis",
"##on",
"and",
"his",
"wife",
"ann",
".",
"he",
"spent",
"time",
"working",
"as",
"a",
"\"",
"general",
"dealer",
"\"",
"and",
"as",
"a",
"photographer",
".",
"he",
"also",
"spent",
"time",
"as",
"a",
"methodist",
"preacher",
"in",
"tyne",
"##side",
".",
"in",
"1923",
",",
"he",
"married",
"jessie",
"little",
"in",
"nic",
"##hol",
"##for",
"##est",
",",
"cumberland",
".",
"the",
"pair",
"moved",
"to",
"gr",
"##et",
"##na",
"in",
"1926",
",",
"by",
"which",
"time",
"ren",
"##nis",
"##on",
"was",
"describing",
"himself",
"as",
"a",
"saddle",
"##r",
",",
"an",
"iron",
"##mon",
"##ger",
"and",
"a",
"boot",
"maker",
"."
] | 878,405 |
( scotland ) act 1939, rennison had conducted 5 @, @ 147 ceremonies. = = personal life = = richard rennison was born on 29 october 1889 in shankhouse, northumberland to coalminer james rennison and his wife ann. he spent time working as a " general dealer " and as a photographer. he also spent time as a methodist preacher in tyneside. in 1923, he married jessie little in nicholforest, cumberland. the pair moved to gretna in 1926, by which time rennison was describing himself as a saddler, an ironmonger and a boot maker.
| 588 |
[
"when",
"he",
"moved",
"to",
"gr",
"##et",
"##na",
",",
"he",
"initially",
"set",
"himself",
"up",
"as",
"a",
"saddle",
"##r",
"and",
"opened",
"a",
"cafe",
",",
"before",
"being",
"taken",
"on",
"by",
"hugh",
"mack",
"##ie",
",",
"the",
"manager",
"of",
"the",
"old",
"blacksmith",
"'",
"s",
"shop",
".",
"ren",
"##nis",
"##on",
"died",
"on",
"5",
"august",
"1969",
"at",
"halt",
"##w",
"##his",
"##tle",
",",
"northumberland",
".",
"before",
"1940",
",",
"marriage",
"in",
"scotland",
"was",
"based",
"on",
"celtic",
"customs",
",",
"rather",
"than",
"catholic",
"religious",
"customs",
".",
"as",
"such",
",",
"marriage",
"only",
"required",
"a",
"couple",
"to",
"agree",
"to",
"be",
"married",
"in",
"front",
"of",
"witnesses",
".",
"the",
"simplicity",
"of",
"these",
"\"",
"irregular",
"marriages",
"\"",
"meant",
"that",
"they",
"were",
"used",
"by",
"couples",
"who",
"wished",
"to",
"el",
"##ope",
",",
"and",
"gr",
"##et",
"##na",
"green",
"became",
"a",
"hot",
"##sp",
"##ot",
"for",
"el",
"##ope",
"##ment"
] | 878,406 |
when he moved to gretna, he initially set himself up as a saddler and opened a cafe, before being taken on by hugh mackie, the manager of the old blacksmith's shop. rennison died on 5 august 1969 at haltwhistle, northumberland. before 1940, marriage in scotland was based on celtic customs, rather than catholic religious customs. as such, marriage only required a couple to agree to be married in front of witnesses. the simplicity of these " irregular marriages " meant that they were used by couples who wished to elope, and gretna green became a hotspot for elopement
| 944 |
[
"because",
"it",
"was",
"the",
"village",
"in",
"scotland",
"nearest",
"to",
"the",
"english",
"border",
".",
"the",
"marriages",
"were",
"provided",
"by",
"the",
"blacksmith",
"as",
"he",
"was",
"certain",
"to",
"be",
"a",
"citizen",
"of",
"scotland",
"and",
"was",
"easy",
"to",
"find",
"at",
"the",
"forge",
".",
"hugh",
"mack",
"##ie",
"purchased",
"the",
"old",
"blacksmith",
"'",
"s",
"shop",
"at",
"gr",
"##et",
"##na",
"green",
"in",
"1890",
"and",
"resided",
"there",
"as",
"\"",
"an",
"##vil",
"priest",
"\"",
"until",
"1926",
"when",
"he",
"was",
"looking",
"to",
"retire",
"and",
"find",
"a",
"replacement",
".",
"mack",
"##ie",
"found",
"richard",
"ren",
"##nis",
"##on",
",",
"who",
"had",
"recently",
"joined",
"the",
"community",
",",
"and",
"by",
"october",
"1927",
",",
"ren",
"##nis",
"##on",
"was",
"presiding",
"over",
"marriages",
"and",
"acting",
"as",
"caretaker",
"of",
"the",
"shop",
".",
"the",
"shop",
"had",
"ceased",
"any",
"metal",
"##work",
"in",
"1900",
"and",
"was",
"solely",
"used",
"for",
"marriage"
] | 878,407 |
because it was the village in scotland nearest to the english border. the marriages were provided by the blacksmith as he was certain to be a citizen of scotland and was easy to find at the forge. hugh mackie purchased the old blacksmith's shop at gretna green in 1890 and resided there as " anvil priest " until 1926 when he was looking to retire and find a replacement. mackie found richard rennison, who had recently joined the community, and by october 1927, rennison was presiding over marriages and acting as caretaker of the shop. the shop had ceased any metalwork in 1900 and was solely used for marriage
| 944 |
[
"ceremonies",
".",
"a",
"natural",
"show",
"##man",
",",
"ren",
"##nis",
"##on",
"soon",
"became",
"the",
"resident",
"\"",
"an",
"##vil",
"priest",
"\"",
"and",
"set",
"about",
"marrying",
"people",
".",
"he",
"would",
"regularly",
"point",
"out",
"that",
",",
"although",
"he",
"was",
"not",
"a",
"member",
"of",
"the",
"clergy",
",",
"he",
"could",
"marry",
"people",
"as",
"he",
"was",
"\"",
"no",
"sinn",
"##er",
"\"",
"–",
"the",
"reverse",
"of",
"his",
"surname",
"!",
"in",
"his",
"first",
"ten",
"years",
",",
"he",
"married",
"around",
"2000",
"couples",
",",
"the",
"majority",
"of",
"whom",
"were",
"couples",
"between",
"40",
"and",
"60",
"years",
"old",
".",
"by",
"1939",
",",
"the",
"number",
"of",
"marriages",
"he",
"had",
"performed",
"had",
"increased",
"past",
"4000",
"due",
"to",
"the",
"many",
"young",
"men",
"who",
"wanted",
"to",
"get",
"married",
"before",
"starting",
"their",
"service",
"in",
"world",
"war",
"ii",
".",
"marriages",
"at",
"the",
"blacksmith",
"shop",
"were",
"inconsistent",
"during"
] | 878,408 |
ceremonies. a natural showman, rennison soon became the resident " anvil priest " and set about marrying people. he would regularly point out that, although he was not a member of the clergy, he could marry people as he was " no sinner " – the reverse of his surname! in his first ten years, he married around 2000 couples, the majority of whom were couples between 40 and 60 years old. by 1939, the number of marriages he had performed had increased past 4000 due to the many young men who wanted to get married before starting their service in world war ii. marriages at the blacksmith shop were inconsistent during
| 72 |
[
"ren",
"##nis",
"##on",
"'",
"s",
"time",
"as",
"\"",
"an",
"##vil",
"priest",
"\"",
".",
"although",
"they",
"followed",
"the",
"same",
"pattern",
",",
"and",
"both",
"parties",
"were",
"to",
"declare",
"in",
"front",
"of",
"witnesses",
"they",
"were",
"single",
"and",
"that",
"one",
"had",
"lived",
"in",
"scotland",
"for",
"21",
"days",
",",
"there",
"are",
"documented",
"cases",
"where",
"these",
"requirements",
"were",
"not",
"confirmed",
".",
"at",
"this",
"point",
",",
"ren",
"##nis",
"##on",
"would",
"strike",
"the",
"hammer",
"on",
"the",
"an",
"##vil",
",",
"and",
"the",
"couple",
"would",
"be",
"married",
".",
"ren",
"##nis",
"##on",
"'",
"s",
"wife",
"often",
"acted",
"as",
"a",
"witness",
"to",
"the",
"couples",
"getting",
"married",
",",
"and",
"sometimes",
"performed",
"the",
"ceremonies",
"herself",
".",
"the",
"marriage",
"fee",
"was",
"supposedly",
"£",
"1",
",",
"but",
"ren",
"##nis",
"##on",
"would",
"sometimes",
"perform",
"the",
"ceremony",
"for",
"free",
"or",
"however",
"much",
"he",
"was",
"given",
";"
] | 878,409 |
rennison's time as " anvil priest ". although they followed the same pattern, and both parties were to declare in front of witnesses they were single and that one had lived in scotland for 21 days, there are documented cases where these requirements were not confirmed. at this point, rennison would strike the hammer on the anvil, and the couple would be married. rennison's wife often acted as a witness to the couples getting married, and sometimes performed the ceremonies herself. the marriage fee was supposedly £ 1, but rennison would sometimes perform the ceremony for free or however much he was given ;
| 546 |
[
"in",
"one",
"case",
"he",
"received",
"£",
"20",
"(",
"worth",
"approximately",
"£",
"3",
"@",
",",
"@",
"03",
"##0",
"in",
"2012",
")",
".",
"if",
"witnesses",
"were",
"required",
",",
"they",
"would",
"be",
"provided",
"at",
"the",
"cost",
"of",
"2",
"##s",
"6",
"##d",
"each",
".",
"ren",
"##nis",
"##on",
"travelled",
"to",
"london",
"in",
"1931",
"for",
"a",
"\"",
"sight",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"seeing",
"visit",
"\"",
",",
"and",
"he",
"brought",
"the",
"an",
"##vil",
"with",
"him",
"to",
"protect",
"it",
"from",
"theft",
".",
"the",
"an",
"##vil",
"never",
"left",
"his",
"side",
",",
"despite",
"weighing",
"240",
"pounds",
"(",
"110",
"kg",
")",
".",
"the",
"leader",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"post",
"suggested",
"that",
",",
"since",
"the",
"cost",
"of",
"a",
"new",
"an",
"##vil",
"was",
"much",
"less",
"than",
"the",
"cost",
"of",
"transporting",
"the",
"old",
"one",
",",
"this",
"was",
"more",
"likely",
"to",
"be",
"a",
"publicity",
"stunt"
] | 878,410 |
in one case he received £ 20 ( worth approximately £ 3 @, @ 030 in 2012 ). if witnesses were required, they would be provided at the cost of 2s 6d each. rennison travelled to london in 1931 for a " sight @ - @ seeing visit ", and he brought the anvil with him to protect it from theft. the anvil never left his side, despite weighing 240 pounds ( 110 kg ). the leader @ - @ post suggested that, since the cost of a new anvil was much less than the cost of transporting the old one, this was more likely to be a publicity stunt
| 241 |
[
".",
"in",
"1935",
",",
"due",
"to",
"the",
"increasing",
"popularity",
"of",
"the",
"gr",
"##et",
"##na",
"green",
"\"",
"irregular",
"marriages",
"\"",
",",
"a",
"special",
"committee",
"headed",
"by",
"lord",
"mori",
"##son",
"was",
"appointed",
"to",
"look",
"at",
"marriage",
"in",
"scotland",
".",
"ren",
"##nis",
"##on",
"gave",
"evidence",
"before",
"the",
"committee",
"in",
"1936",
".",
"there",
"he",
"claimed",
"that",
"he",
"was",
"known",
"as",
"\"",
"the",
"gr",
"##et",
"##na",
"priest",
"\"",
",",
"but",
"did",
"not",
"dress",
"like",
"one",
"and",
"stated",
"that",
"he",
"knew",
"he",
"was",
"not",
"one",
".",
"he",
"also",
"confirmed",
"that",
"he",
"had",
"been",
"removing",
"the",
"word",
"\"",
"priest",
"\"",
"from",
"marriage",
"certificates",
"and",
"telling",
"couples",
"that",
"they",
"needed",
"to",
"confirm",
"their",
"marriage",
"with",
"the",
"registrar",
"at",
"du",
"##m",
"##fr",
"##ies",
".",
"the",
"committee",
"'",
"s",
"findings",
"led",
"to",
"the",
"marriage",
"(",
"scotland",
")",
"act"
] | 878,411 |
. in 1935, due to the increasing popularity of the gretna green " irregular marriages ", a special committee headed by lord morison was appointed to look at marriage in scotland. rennison gave evidence before the committee in 1936. there he claimed that he was known as " the gretna priest ", but did not dress like one and stated that he knew he was not one. he also confirmed that he had been removing the word " priest " from marriage certificates and telling couples that they needed to confirm their marriage with the registrar at dumfries. the committee's findings led to the marriage ( scotland ) act
| 2,412 |
[
"1939",
",",
"which",
"outlawed",
"the",
"process",
"of",
"\"",
"irregular",
"marriages",
"\"",
".",
"when",
"the",
"new",
"law",
"came",
"into",
"force",
"in",
"1940",
",",
"ren",
"##nis",
"##on",
"had",
"performed",
"5",
"@",
",",
"@",
"147",
"marriages",
".",
"his",
"role",
"then",
"changed",
"to",
"a",
"symbolic",
"one",
",",
"\"",
"blessing",
"\"",
"marriages",
"and",
"acting",
"as",
"caretaker",
"of",
"the",
"forge",
".",
"he",
"also",
"regularly",
"appeared",
"at",
"court",
"to",
"ensure",
"the",
"marriages",
"he",
"performed",
"were",
"judicial",
"##ly",
"recognised",
".",
"=",
"finite",
"subdivision",
"rule",
"=",
"in",
"mathematics",
",",
"a",
"finite",
"subdivision",
"rule",
"is",
"a",
"rec",
"##urs",
"##ive",
"way",
"of",
"dividing",
"a",
"poly",
"##gon",
"or",
"other",
"two",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"dimensional",
"shape",
"into",
"smaller",
"and",
"smaller",
"pieces",
".",
"subdivision",
"rules",
"in",
"a",
"sense",
"are",
"general",
"##izations",
"of",
"fra",
"##cta",
"##ls",
".",
"instead",
"of",
"repeating",
"exactly",
"the",
"same"
] | 878,412 |
1939, which outlawed the process of " irregular marriages ". when the new law came into force in 1940, rennison had performed 5 @, @ 147 marriages. his role then changed to a symbolic one, " blessing " marriages and acting as caretaker of the forge. he also regularly appeared at court to ensure the marriages he performed were judicially recognised. = finite subdivision rule = in mathematics, a finite subdivision rule is a recursive way of dividing a polygon or other two @ - @ dimensional shape into smaller and smaller pieces. subdivision rules in a sense are generalizations of fractals. instead of repeating exactly the same
| 309 |
[
"design",
"over",
"and",
"over",
",",
"they",
"have",
"slight",
"variations",
"in",
"each",
"stage",
",",
"allowing",
"a",
"richer",
"structure",
"while",
"maintaining",
"the",
"elegant",
"style",
"of",
"fra",
"##cta",
"##ls",
".",
"subdivision",
"rules",
"have",
"been",
"used",
"in",
"architecture",
",",
"biology",
",",
"and",
"computer",
"science",
",",
"as",
"well",
"as",
"in",
"the",
"study",
"of",
"hyper",
"##bolic",
"manifold",
"##s",
".",
"substitution",
"til",
"##ings",
"are",
"a",
"well",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"studied",
"type",
"of",
"subdivision",
"rule",
".",
"=",
"=",
"definition",
"=",
"=",
"a",
"subdivision",
"rule",
"takes",
"a",
"til",
"##ing",
"of",
"the",
"plane",
"by",
"poly",
"##gon",
"##s",
"and",
"turns",
"it",
"into",
"a",
"new",
"til",
"##ing",
"by",
"sub",
"##di",
"##vid",
"##ing",
"each",
"poly",
"##gon",
"into",
"smaller",
"poly",
"##gon",
"##s",
".",
"it",
"is",
"finite",
"if",
"there",
"are",
"only",
"finite",
"##ly",
"many",
"ways",
"that",
"every",
"poly",
"##gon",
"can",
"sub",
"##di",
"##vid"
] | 878,413 |
design over and over, they have slight variations in each stage, allowing a richer structure while maintaining the elegant style of fractals. subdivision rules have been used in architecture, biology, and computer science, as well as in the study of hyperbolic manifolds. substitution tilings are a well @ - @ studied type of subdivision rule. = = definition = = a subdivision rule takes a tiling of the plane by polygons and turns it into a new tiling by subdividing each polygon into smaller polygons. it is finite if there are only finitely many ways that every polygon can subdivid
| 309 |
[
"##e",
".",
"each",
"way",
"of",
"sub",
"##di",
"##vid",
"##ing",
"a",
"tile",
"is",
"called",
"a",
"tile",
"type",
".",
"each",
"tile",
"type",
"is",
"represented",
"by",
"a",
"label",
"(",
"usually",
"a",
"letter",
")",
".",
"every",
"tile",
"type",
"sub",
"##di",
"##vid",
"##es",
"into",
"smaller",
"tile",
"types",
".",
"each",
"edge",
"also",
"gets",
"subdivided",
"according",
"to",
"finite",
"##ly",
"many",
"edge",
"types",
".",
"finite",
"subdivision",
"rules",
"can",
"only",
"sub",
"##di",
"##vid",
"##e",
"til",
"##ings",
"that",
"are",
"made",
"up",
"of",
"poly",
"##gon",
"##s",
"labelled",
"by",
"tile",
"types",
".",
"such",
"til",
"##ings",
"are",
"called",
"subdivision",
"complexes",
"for",
"the",
"subdivision",
"rule",
".",
"given",
"any",
"subdivision",
"complex",
"for",
"a",
"subdivision",
"rule",
",",
"we",
"can",
"sub",
"##di",
"##vid",
"##e",
"it",
"over",
"and",
"over",
"again",
"to",
"get",
"a",
"sequence",
"of",
"til",
"##ings",
".",
"for",
"instance",
",",
"binary",
"subdivision",
"has",
"one",
"tile"
] | 878,414 |
##e. each way of subdividing a tile is called a tile type. each tile type is represented by a label ( usually a letter ). every tile type subdivides into smaller tile types. each edge also gets subdivided according to finitely many edge types. finite subdivision rules can only subdivide tilings that are made up of polygons labelled by tile types. such tilings are called subdivision complexes for the subdivision rule. given any subdivision complex for a subdivision rule, we can subdivide it over and over again to get a sequence of tilings. for instance, binary subdivision has one tile
| 1,539 |
[
"type",
"and",
"one",
"edge",
"type",
":",
"since",
"the",
"only",
"tile",
"type",
"is",
"a",
"quad",
"##ril",
"##ater",
"##al",
",",
"binary",
"subdivision",
"can",
"only",
"sub",
"##di",
"##vid",
"##e",
"til",
"##ings",
"made",
"up",
"of",
"quad",
"##ril",
"##ater",
"##als",
".",
"this",
"means",
"that",
"the",
"only",
"subdivision",
"complexes",
"are",
"til",
"##ings",
"by",
"quad",
"##ril",
"##ater",
"##als",
".",
"the",
"til",
"##ing",
"can",
"be",
"regular",
",",
"but",
"doesn",
"'",
"t",
"have",
"to",
"be",
":",
"here",
"we",
"start",
"with",
"a",
"complex",
"made",
"of",
"four",
"quad",
"##ril",
"##ater",
"##als",
"and",
"sub",
"##di",
"##vid",
"##e",
"it",
"twice",
".",
"all",
"quad",
"##ril",
"##ater",
"##als",
"are",
"type",
"a",
"tiles",
".",
"=",
"=",
"examples",
"of",
"finite",
"subdivision",
"rules",
"=",
"=",
"bar",
"##yce",
"##nt",
"##ric",
"subdivision",
"is",
"an",
"example",
"of",
"a",
"subdivision",
"rule",
"with",
"one",
"edge",
"type",
"(",
"that",
"gets",
"subdivided",
"into"
] | 878,415 |
type and one edge type : since the only tile type is a quadrilateral, binary subdivision can only subdivide tilings made up of quadrilaterals. this means that the only subdivision complexes are tilings by quadrilaterals. the tiling can be regular, but doesn't have to be : here we start with a complex made of four quadrilaterals and subdivide it twice. all quadrilaterals are type a tiles. = = examples of finite subdivision rules = = barycentric subdivision is an example of a subdivision rule with one edge type ( that gets subdivided into
| 309 |
[
"two",
"edges",
")",
"and",
"one",
"tile",
"type",
"(",
"a",
"triangle",
"that",
"gets",
"subdivided",
"into",
"6",
"smaller",
"triangles",
")",
".",
"any",
"tri",
"##ang",
"##ulated",
"surface",
"is",
"a",
"bar",
"##yce",
"##nt",
"##ric",
"subdivision",
"complex",
".",
"the",
"pen",
"##rose",
"til",
"##ing",
"can",
"be",
"generated",
"by",
"a",
"subdivision",
"rule",
"on",
"a",
"set",
"of",
"four",
"tile",
"types",
"(",
"the",
"curved",
"lines",
"in",
"the",
"table",
"below",
"only",
"help",
"to",
"show",
"how",
"the",
"tiles",
"fit",
"together",
")",
":",
"certain",
"rational",
"maps",
"give",
"rise",
"to",
"finite",
"subdivision",
"rules",
".",
"this",
"includes",
"most",
"la",
"##ttes",
"maps",
".",
"every",
"prime",
",",
"non",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"split",
"alternating",
"knot",
"or",
"link",
"complement",
"has",
"a",
"subdivision",
"rule",
",",
"with",
"some",
"tiles",
"that",
"do",
"not",
"sub",
"##di",
"##vid",
"##e",
",",
"corresponding",
"to",
"the",
"boundary",
"of",
"the",
"link",
"complement",
".",
"the",
"subdivision"
] | 878,416 |
two edges ) and one tile type ( a triangle that gets subdivided into 6 smaller triangles ). any triangulated surface is a barycentric subdivision complex. the penrose tiling can be generated by a subdivision rule on a set of four tile types ( the curved lines in the table below only help to show how the tiles fit together ) : certain rational maps give rise to finite subdivision rules. this includes most lattes maps. every prime, non @ - @ split alternating knot or link complement has a subdivision rule, with some tiles that don't subdivide, corresponding to the boundary of the link complement. the subdivision
| 1,539 |
[
"rules",
"show",
"what",
"the",
"night",
"sky",
"would",
"look",
"like",
"to",
"someone",
"living",
"in",
"a",
"knot",
"complement",
";",
"because",
"the",
"universe",
"wraps",
"around",
"itself",
"(",
"i",
".",
"e",
".",
"is",
"not",
"simply",
"connected",
")",
",",
"an",
"observer",
"would",
"see",
"the",
"visible",
"universe",
"repeat",
"itself",
"in",
"an",
"infinite",
"pattern",
".",
"the",
"subdivision",
"rule",
"describes",
"that",
"pattern",
".",
"the",
"subdivision",
"rule",
"looks",
"different",
"for",
"different",
"geo",
"##met",
"##ries",
".",
"this",
"is",
"a",
"subdivision",
"rule",
"for",
"the",
"tre",
"##foil",
"knot",
",",
"which",
"is",
"not",
"a",
"hyper",
"##bolic",
"knot",
":",
"and",
"this",
"is",
"the",
"subdivision",
"rule",
"for",
"the",
"bo",
"##rro",
"##me",
"##an",
"rings",
",",
"which",
"is",
"hyper",
"##bolic",
":",
"in",
"each",
"case",
",",
"the",
"subdivision",
"rule",
"would",
"act",
"on",
"some",
"til",
"##ing",
"of",
"a",
"sphere",
"(",
"i",
".",
"e",
".",
"the",
"night",
"sky"
] | 878,417 |
rules show what the night sky would look like to someone living in a knot complement ; because the universe wraps around itself ( i. e. is not simply connected ), an observer would see the visible universe repeat itself in an infinite pattern. the subdivision rule describes that pattern. the subdivision rule looks different for different geometries. this is a subdivision rule for the trefoil knot, which is not a hyperbolic knot : and this is the subdivision rule for the borromean rings, which is hyperbolic : in each case, the subdivision rule would act on some tiling of a sphere ( i. e. the night sky
| 309 |
[
")",
",",
"but",
"it",
"is",
"easier",
"to",
"just",
"draw",
"a",
"small",
"part",
"of",
"the",
"night",
"sky",
",",
"corresponding",
"to",
"a",
"single",
"tile",
"being",
"repeatedly",
"subdivided",
".",
"this",
"is",
"what",
"happens",
"for",
"the",
"tre",
"##foil",
"knot",
":",
"and",
"for",
"the",
"bo",
"##rro",
"##me",
"##an",
"rings",
":",
"=",
"=",
"subdivision",
"rules",
"in",
"higher",
"dimensions",
"=",
"=",
"subdivision",
"rules",
"can",
"easily",
"be",
"generalized",
"to",
"other",
"dimensions",
".",
"for",
"instance",
",",
"bar",
"##yce",
"##nt",
"##ric",
"subdivision",
"is",
"used",
"in",
"all",
"dimensions",
".",
"also",
",",
"binary",
"subdivision",
"can",
"be",
"generalized",
"to",
"other",
"dimensions",
"(",
"where",
"hyper",
"##cu",
"##bes",
"get",
"divided",
"by",
"every",
"mid",
"##plane",
")",
",",
"as",
"in",
"the",
"proof",
"of",
"the",
"he",
"##ine",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"bore",
"##l",
"theorem",
".",
"=",
"=",
"rigorous",
"definition",
"=",
"=",
"a",
"finite",
"subdivision",
"rule",
"<",
"formula"
] | 878,418 |
), but it is easier to just draw a small part of the night sky, corresponding to a single tile being repeatedly subdivided. this is what happens for the trefoil knot : and for the borromean rings : = = subdivision rules in higher dimensions = = subdivision rules can easily be generalized to other dimensions. for instance, barycentric subdivision is used in all dimensions. also, binary subdivision can be generalized to other dimensions ( where hypercubes get divided by every midplane ), as in the proof of the heine @ - @ borel theorem. = = rigorous definition = = a finite subdivision rule < formula
| 1,517 |
[
">",
"consists",
"of",
"the",
"following",
".",
"1",
".",
"a",
"finite",
"2",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"dimensional",
"cw",
"complex",
"<",
"formula",
">",
",",
"called",
"the",
"subdivision",
"complex",
",",
"with",
"a",
"fixed",
"cell",
"structure",
"such",
"that",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"is",
"the",
"union",
"of",
"its",
"closed",
"2",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"cells",
".",
"we",
"assume",
"that",
"for",
"each",
"closed",
"2",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"cell",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"of",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"there",
"is",
"a",
"cw",
"structure",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"on",
"a",
"closed",
"2",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"disk",
"such",
"that",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"has",
"at",
"least",
"two",
"vertices",
",",
"the",
"vertices",
"and",
"edges",
"of",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"are",
"contained",
"in",
"<",
"formula",
">",
",",
"and",
"the",
"characteristic",
"map",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"which",
"maps",
"onto",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"restrict",
"##s",
"to",
"a",
"home",
"##omo",
"##rp"
] | 878,419 |
> consists of the following. 1. a finite 2 @ - @ dimensional cw complex < formula >, called the subdivision complex, with a fixed cell structure such that < formula > is the union of its closed 2 @ - @ cells. we assume that for each closed 2 @ - @ cell < formula > of < formula > there is a cw structure < formula > on a closed 2 @ - @ disk such that < formula > has at least two vertices, the vertices and edges of < formula > are contained in < formula >, and the characteristic map < formula > which maps onto < formula > restricts to a homeomorp
| 1,618 |
[
"##hism",
"onto",
"each",
"open",
"cell",
".",
"2",
".",
"a",
"finite",
"two",
"dimensional",
"cw",
"complex",
"<",
"formula",
">",
",",
"which",
"is",
"a",
"subdivision",
"of",
"<",
"formula",
">",
".",
"3",
".",
"a",
"continuous",
"cellular",
"map",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"called",
"the",
"subdivision",
"map",
",",
"whose",
"restriction",
"to",
"every",
"open",
"cell",
"is",
"a",
"home",
"##omo",
"##rp",
"##hism",
".",
"each",
"cw",
"complex",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"in",
"the",
"definition",
"above",
"(",
"with",
"its",
"given",
"characteristic",
"map",
"<",
"formula",
">",
")",
"is",
"called",
"a",
"tile",
"type",
".",
"an",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"-",
"complex",
"for",
"a",
"subdivision",
"rule",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"is",
"a",
"2",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"dimensional",
"cw",
"complex",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"which",
"is",
"the",
"union",
"of",
"its",
"closed",
"2",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"cells",
",",
"together",
"with",
"a",
"continuous",
"cellular",
"map",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"whose"
] | 878,420 |
##hism onto each open cell. 2. a finite two dimensional cw complex < formula >, which is a subdivision of < formula >. 3. a continuous cellular map < formula > called the subdivision map, whose restriction to every open cell is a homeomorphism. each cw complex < formula > in the definition above ( with its given characteristic map < formula > ) is called a tile type. an < formula > - complex for a subdivision rule < formula > is a 2 @ - @ dimensional cw complex < formula > which is the union of its closed 2 @ - @ cells, together with a continuous cellular map < formula > whose
| 1,618 |
[
"restriction",
"to",
"each",
"open",
"cell",
"is",
"a",
"home",
"##omo",
"##rp",
"##hism",
".",
"we",
"can",
"sub",
"##di",
"##vid",
"##e",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"into",
"a",
"complex",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"by",
"requiring",
"that",
"the",
"induced",
"map",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"restrict",
"##s",
"to",
"a",
"home",
"##omo",
"##rp",
"##hism",
"onto",
"each",
"open",
"cell",
".",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"is",
"again",
"an",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"-",
"complex",
"with",
"map",
"<",
"formula",
">",
".",
"by",
"repeating",
"this",
"process",
",",
"we",
"obtain",
"a",
"sequence",
"of",
"subdivided",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"-",
"complexes",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"with",
"maps",
"<",
"formula",
">",
".",
"binary",
"subdivision",
"is",
"one",
"example",
":",
"the",
"subdivision",
"complex",
"can",
"be",
"created",
"by",
"g",
"##lu",
"##ing",
"together",
"the",
"opposite",
"edges",
"of",
"the",
"square",
",",
"making",
"the",
"subdivision",
"complex",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"into",
"a",
"tor",
"##us",
".",
"the"
] | 878,421 |
restriction to each open cell is a homeomorphism. we can subdivide < formula > into a complex < formula > by requiring that the induced map < formula > restricts to a homeomorphism onto each open cell. < formula > is again an < formula > - complex with map < formula >. by repeating this process, we obtain a sequence of subdivided < formula > - complexes < formula > with maps < formula >. binary subdivision is one example : the subdivision complex can be created by gluing together the opposite edges of the square, making the subdivision complex < formula > into a torus. the
| 1,618 |
[
"subdivision",
"map",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"is",
"the",
"doubling",
"map",
"on",
"the",
"tor",
"##us",
",",
"wrapping",
"the",
"meridian",
"around",
"itself",
"twice",
"and",
"the",
"longitude",
"around",
"itself",
"twice",
".",
"this",
"is",
"a",
"four",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"fold",
"covering",
"map",
".",
"the",
"plane",
",",
"tiled",
"by",
"squares",
",",
"is",
"a",
"subdivision",
"complex",
"for",
"this",
"subdivision",
"rule",
",",
"with",
"the",
"structure",
"map",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"given",
"by",
"the",
"standard",
"covering",
"map",
".",
"under",
"subdivision",
",",
"each",
"square",
"in",
"the",
"plane",
"gets",
"subdivided",
"into",
"squares",
"of",
"one",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"fourth",
"the",
"size",
".",
"=",
"=",
"quasi",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"iso",
"##metry",
"properties",
"=",
"=",
"subdivision",
"rules",
"can",
"be",
"used",
"to",
"study",
"the",
"quasi",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"iso",
"##metry",
"properties",
"of",
"certain",
"spaces",
".",
"given",
"a",
"subdivision",
"rule",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"and",
"subdivision"
] | 878,422 |
subdivision map < formula > is the doubling map on the torus, wrapping the meridian around itself twice and the longitude around itself twice. this is a four @ - @ fold covering map. the plane, tiled by squares, is a subdivision complex for this subdivision rule, with the structure map < formula > given by the standard covering map. under subdivision, each square in the plane gets subdivided into squares of one @ - @ fourth the size. = = quasi @ - @ isometry properties = = subdivision rules can be used to study the quasi @ - @ isometry properties of certain spaces. given a subdivision rule < formula > and subdivision
| 1,620 |
[
"complex",
"<",
"formula",
">",
",",
"we",
"can",
"construct",
"a",
"graph",
"called",
"the",
"history",
"graph",
"that",
"records",
"the",
"action",
"of",
"the",
"subdivision",
"rule",
".",
"the",
"graph",
"consists",
"of",
"the",
"dual",
"graphs",
"of",
"every",
"stage",
"<",
"formula",
">",
",",
"together",
"with",
"edges",
"connecting",
"each",
"tile",
"in",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"with",
"its",
"subdivisions",
"in",
"<",
"formula",
">",
".",
"the",
"quasi",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"iso",
"##metry",
"properties",
"of",
"the",
"history",
"graph",
"can",
"be",
"studied",
"using",
"subdivision",
"rules",
".",
"for",
"instance",
",",
"the",
"history",
"graph",
"is",
"quasi",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"iso",
"##metric",
"to",
"hyper",
"##bolic",
"space",
"exactly",
"when",
"the",
"subdivision",
"rule",
"is",
"conform",
"##al",
",",
"as",
"described",
"in",
"the",
"comb",
"##inator",
"##ial",
"ri",
"##emann",
"mapping",
"theorem",
".",
"=",
"=",
"applications",
"=",
"=",
"islamic",
"gi",
"##ri",
"##h",
"tiles",
"in",
"islamic",
"architecture",
"are",
"self",
"@"
] | 878,423 |
complex < formula >, we can construct a graph called the history graph that records the action of the subdivision rule. the graph consists of the dual graphs of every stage < formula >, together with edges connecting each tile in < formula > with its subdivisions in < formula >. the quasi @ - @ isometry properties of the history graph can be studied using subdivision rules. for instance, the history graph is quasi @ - @ isometric to hyperbolic space exactly when the subdivision rule is conformal, as described in the combinatorial riemann mapping theorem. = = applications = = islamic girih tiles in islamic architecture are self @
| 1,620 |
[
"-",
"@",
"similar",
"til",
"##ings",
"that",
"can",
"be",
"modeled",
"with",
"finite",
"subdivision",
"rules",
".",
"in",
"2007",
",",
"peter",
"j",
".",
"lu",
"of",
"harvard",
"university",
"and",
"professor",
"paul",
"j",
".",
"stein",
"##hardt",
"of",
"princeton",
"university",
"published",
"a",
"paper",
"in",
"the",
"journal",
"science",
"suggesting",
"that",
"gi",
"##ri",
"##h",
"til",
"##ings",
"possessed",
"properties",
"consistent",
"with",
"self",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"similar",
"fra",
"##cta",
"##l",
"quasi",
"##cr",
"##yst",
"##all",
"##ine",
"til",
"##ings",
"such",
"as",
"pen",
"##rose",
"til",
"##ings",
"(",
"presentation",
"1974",
",",
"predecessor",
"works",
"starting",
"in",
"about",
"1964",
")",
"pre",
"##dating",
"them",
"by",
"five",
"centuries",
".",
"subdivision",
"surfaces",
"in",
"computer",
"graphics",
"use",
"subdivision",
"rules",
"to",
"ref",
"##ine",
"a",
"surface",
"to",
"any",
"given",
"level",
"of",
"precision",
".",
"these",
"subdivision",
"surfaces",
"(",
"such",
"as",
"the",
"cat",
"##mu",
"##ll",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"clark",
"subdivision",
"surface",
")"
] | 878,424 |
- @ similar tilings that can be modeled with finite subdivision rules. in 2007, peter j. lu of harvard university and professor paul j. steinhardt of princeton university published a paper in the journal science suggesting that girih tilings possessed properties consistent with self @ - @ similar fractal quasicrystalline tilings such as penrose tilings ( presentation 1974, predecessor works starting in about 1964 ) predating them by five centuries. subdivision surfaces in computer graphics use subdivision rules to refine a surface to any given level of precision. these subdivision surfaces ( such as the catmull @ - @ clark subdivision surface )
| 69 |
[
"take",
"a",
"poly",
"##gon",
"mesh",
"(",
"the",
"kind",
"used",
"in",
"3d",
"animated",
"movies",
")",
"and",
"ref",
"##ines",
"it",
"to",
"a",
"mesh",
"with",
"more",
"poly",
"##gon",
"##s",
"by",
"adding",
"and",
"shifting",
"points",
"according",
"to",
"different",
"rec",
"##urs",
"##ive",
"formulas",
".",
"although",
"many",
"points",
"get",
"shifted",
"in",
"this",
"process",
",",
"each",
"new",
"mesh",
"is",
"comb",
"##inator",
"##ial",
"##ly",
"a",
"subdivision",
"of",
"the",
"old",
"mesh",
"(",
"meaning",
"that",
"for",
"every",
"edge",
"and",
"vertex",
"of",
"the",
"old",
"mesh",
",",
"you",
"can",
"identify",
"a",
"corresponding",
"edge",
"and",
"vertex",
"in",
"the",
"new",
"one",
",",
"plus",
"several",
"more",
"edges",
"and",
"vertices",
")",
".",
"subdivision",
"rules",
"were",
"applied",
"by",
"cannon",
",",
"floyd",
"and",
"parry",
"(",
"2000",
")",
"to",
"the",
"study",
"of",
"large",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"scale",
"growth",
"patterns",
"of",
"biological",
"organisms",
".",
"cannon",
",",
"floyd",
"and"
] | 878,425 |
take a polygon mesh ( the kind used in 3d animated movies ) and refines it to a mesh with more polygons by adding and shifting points according to different recursive formulas. although many points get shifted in this process, each new mesh is combinatorially a subdivision of the old mesh ( meaning that for every edge and vertex of the old mesh, you can identify a corresponding edge and vertex in the new one, plus several more edges and vertices ). subdivision rules were applied by cannon, floyd and parry ( 2000 ) to the study of large @ - @ scale growth patterns of biological organisms. cannon, floyd and
| 1,539 |
[
"parry",
"produced",
"a",
"mathematical",
"growth",
"model",
"which",
"demonstrated",
"that",
"some",
"systems",
"determined",
"by",
"simple",
"finite",
"subdivision",
"rules",
"can",
"results",
"in",
"objects",
"(",
"in",
"their",
"example",
",",
"a",
"tree",
"trunk",
")",
"whose",
"large",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"scale",
"form",
"os",
"##ci",
"##lla",
"##tes",
"wildly",
"over",
"time",
"even",
"though",
"the",
"local",
"subdivision",
"laws",
"remain",
"the",
"same",
".",
"cannon",
",",
"floyd",
"and",
"parry",
"also",
"applied",
"their",
"model",
"to",
"the",
"analysis",
"of",
"the",
"growth",
"patterns",
"of",
"rat",
"tissue",
".",
"they",
"suggested",
"that",
"the",
"\"",
"negatively",
"curved",
"\"",
"(",
"or",
"non",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"euclidean",
")",
"nature",
"of",
"microscopic",
"growth",
"patterns",
"of",
"biological",
"organisms",
"is",
"one",
"of",
"the",
"key",
"reasons",
"why",
"large",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"scale",
"organisms",
"do",
"not",
"look",
"like",
"crystals",
"or",
"poly",
"##hedral",
"shapes",
"but",
"in",
"fact",
"in",
"many",
"cases",
"resemble",
"self"
] | 878,426 |
parry produced a mathematical growth model which demonstrated that some systems determined by simple finite subdivision rules can results in objects ( in their example, a tree trunk ) whose large @ - @ scale form oscillates wildly over time even though the local subdivision laws remain the same. cannon, floyd and parry also applied their model to the analysis of the growth patterns of rat tissue. they suggested that the " negatively curved " ( or non @ - @ euclidean ) nature of microscopic growth patterns of biological organisms is one of the key reasons why large @ - @ scale organisms don't look like crystals or polyhedral shapes but in fact in many cases resemble self
| 1,594 |
[
"@",
"-",
"@",
"similar",
"fra",
"##cta",
"##ls",
".",
"in",
"particular",
"they",
"suggested",
"that",
"such",
"\"",
"negatively",
"curved",
"\"",
"local",
"structure",
"is",
"manifested",
"in",
"highly",
"folded",
"and",
"highly",
"connected",
"nature",
"of",
"the",
"brain",
"and",
"the",
"lung",
"tissue",
".",
"=",
"=",
"cannon",
"'",
"s",
"conjecture",
"=",
"=",
"cannon",
",",
"floyd",
",",
"and",
"parry",
"first",
"studied",
"finite",
"subdivision",
"rules",
"in",
"an",
"attempt",
"to",
"prove",
"the",
"following",
"conjecture",
":",
"cannon",
"'",
"s",
"conjecture",
":",
"every",
"gr",
"##omo",
"##v",
"hyper",
"##bolic",
"group",
"with",
"a",
"2",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"sphere",
"at",
"infinity",
"acts",
"geometric",
"##ally",
"on",
"hyper",
"##bolic",
"3",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"space",
".",
"here",
",",
"a",
"geometric",
"action",
"is",
"a",
"coco",
"##mp",
"##act",
",",
"properly",
"disco",
"##nti",
"##nu",
"##ous",
"action",
"by",
"iso",
"##met",
"##ries",
".",
"this",
"conjecture",
"was",
"partially",
"solved",
"by",
"gr",
"##igo"
] | 878,427 |
@ - @ similar fractals. in particular they suggested that such " negatively curved " local structure is manifested in highly folded and highly connected nature of the brain and the lung tissue. = = cannon's conjecture = = cannon, floyd, and parry first studied finite subdivision rules in an attempt to prove the following conjecture : cannon's conjecture : every gromov hyperbolic group with a 2 @ - @ sphere at infinity acts geometrically on hyperbolic 3 @ - @ space. here, a geometric action is a cocompact, properly discontinuous action by isometries. this conjecture was partially solved by grigo
| 1,517 |
[
"##ri",
"pere",
"##lman",
"in",
"his",
"proof",
"of",
"the",
"geo",
"##met",
"##rization",
"conjecture",
",",
"which",
"states",
"(",
"in",
"part",
")",
"than",
"any",
"gr",
"##omo",
"##v",
"hyper",
"##bolic",
"group",
"that",
"is",
"a",
"3",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"manifold",
"group",
"must",
"act",
"geometric",
"##ally",
"on",
"hyper",
"##bolic",
"3",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"space",
".",
"however",
",",
"it",
"still",
"remains",
"to",
"show",
"that",
"a",
"gr",
"##omo",
"##v",
"hyper",
"##bolic",
"group",
"with",
"a",
"2",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"sphere",
"at",
"infinity",
"is",
"a",
"3",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"manifold",
"group",
".",
"cannon",
"and",
"sw",
"##ens",
"##on",
"showed",
"that",
"a",
"hyper",
"##bolic",
"group",
"with",
"a",
"2",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"sphere",
"at",
"infinity",
"has",
"an",
"associated",
"subdivision",
"rule",
".",
"if",
"this",
"subdivision",
"rule",
"is",
"conform",
"##al",
"in",
"a",
"certain",
"sense",
",",
"the",
"group",
"will",
"be",
"a",
"3",
"@",
"-"
] | 878,428 |
##ri perelman in his proof of the geometrization conjecture, which states ( in part ) than any gromov hyperbolic group that is a 3 @ - @ manifold group must act geometrically on hyperbolic 3 @ - @ space. however, it still remains to show that a gromov hyperbolic group with a 2 @ - @ sphere at infinity is a 3 @ - @ manifold group. cannon and swenson showed that a hyperbolic group with a 2 @ - @ sphere at infinity has an associated subdivision rule. if this subdivision rule is conformal in a certain sense, the group will be a 3 @ -
| 105 |
[
"@",
"manifold",
"group",
"with",
"the",
"geometry",
"of",
"hyper",
"##bolic",
"3",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"space",
".",
"=",
"=",
"comb",
"##inator",
"##ial",
"ri",
"##emann",
"mapping",
"theorem",
"=",
"=",
"subdivision",
"rules",
"give",
"a",
"sequence",
"of",
"til",
"##ings",
"of",
"a",
"surface",
",",
"and",
"til",
"##ings",
"give",
"an",
"idea",
"of",
"distance",
",",
"length",
",",
"and",
"area",
"(",
"by",
"letting",
"each",
"tile",
"have",
"length",
"and",
"area",
"1",
")",
".",
"in",
"the",
"limit",
",",
"the",
"distances",
"that",
"come",
"from",
"these",
"til",
"##ings",
"may",
"converge",
"in",
"some",
"sense",
"to",
"an",
"analytic",
"structure",
"on",
"the",
"surface",
".",
"the",
"comb",
"##inator",
"##ial",
"ri",
"##emann",
"mapping",
"theorem",
"gives",
"necessary",
"and",
"sufficient",
"conditions",
"for",
"this",
"to",
"occur",
".",
"its",
"statement",
"needs",
"some",
"background",
".",
"a",
"til",
"##ing",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"of",
"a",
"ring",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"(",
"i",
".",
"e"
] | 878,429 |
@ manifold group with the geometry of hyperbolic 3 @ - @ space. = = combinatorial riemann mapping theorem = = subdivision rules give a sequence of tilings of a surface, and tilings give an idea of distance, length, and area ( by letting each tile have length and area 1 ). in the limit, the distances that come from these tilings may converge in some sense to an analytic structure on the surface. the combinatorial riemann mapping theorem gives necessary and sufficient conditions for this to occur. its statement needs some background. a tiling < formula > of a ring < formula > ( i. e
| 1,620 |
[
".",
",",
"a",
"closed",
"ann",
"##ulus",
")",
"gives",
"two",
"invariant",
"##s",
",",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"and",
"<",
"formula",
">",
",",
"called",
"approximate",
"mod",
"##uli",
".",
"these",
"are",
"similar",
"to",
"the",
"classical",
"mod",
"##ulus",
"of",
"a",
"ring",
".",
"they",
"are",
"defined",
"by",
"the",
"use",
"of",
"weight",
"functions",
".",
"a",
"weight",
"function",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"assigns",
"a",
"non",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"negative",
"number",
"called",
"a",
"weight",
"to",
"each",
"tile",
"of",
"<",
"formula",
">",
".",
"every",
"path",
"in",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"can",
"be",
"given",
"a",
"length",
",",
"defined",
"to",
"be",
"the",
"sum",
"of",
"the",
"weights",
"of",
"all",
"tiles",
"in",
"the",
"path",
".",
"define",
"the",
"height",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"of",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"under",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"to",
"be",
"the",
"in",
"##fi",
"##mum",
"of",
"the",
"length",
"of",
"all",
"possible",
"paths",
"connecting",
"the"
] | 878,430 |
., a closed annulus ) gives two invariants, < formula > and < formula >, called approximate moduli. these are similar to the classical modulus of a ring. they are defined by the use of weight functions. a weight function < formula > assigns a non @ - @ negative number called a weight to each tile of < formula >. every path in < formula > can be given a length, defined to be the sum of the weights of all tiles in the path. define the height < formula > of < formula > under < formula > to be the infimum of the length of all possible paths connecting the
| 1,618 |
[
"inner",
"boundary",
"of",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"to",
"the",
"outer",
"boundary",
".",
"the",
"ci",
"##rc",
"##um",
"##ference",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"of",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"under",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"is",
"the",
"in",
"##fi",
"##mum",
"of",
"the",
"length",
"of",
"all",
"possible",
"paths",
"circling",
"the",
"ring",
"(",
"i",
".",
"e",
".",
"not",
"null",
"##hom",
"##oto",
"##pic",
"in",
"r",
")",
".",
"the",
"area",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"of",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"under",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"is",
"defined",
"to",
"be",
"the",
"sum",
"of",
"the",
"squares",
"of",
"all",
"weights",
"in",
"<",
"formula",
">",
".",
"then",
"define",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"note",
"that",
"they",
"are",
"invariant",
"under",
"scaling",
"of",
"the",
"metric",
".",
"a",
"sequence",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"of",
"til",
"##ings",
"is",
"conform",
"##al",
"(",
"<",
"formula",
">",
")",
"if",
"mesh",
"approaches",
"0",
"and",
":",
"for",
"each",
"ring",
"<"
] | 878,431 |
inner boundary of < formula > to the outer boundary. the circumference < formula > of < formula > under < formula > is the infimum of the length of all possible paths circling the ring ( i. e. not nullhomotopic in r ). the area < formula > of < formula > under < formula > is defined to be the sum of the squares of all weights in < formula >. then define < formula > note that they are invariant under scaling of the metric. a sequence < formula > of tilings is conformal ( < formula > ) if mesh approaches 0 and : for each ring <
| 1,618 |
[
"formula",
">",
",",
"the",
"approximate",
"mod",
"##uli",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"and",
"<",
"formula",
">",
",",
"for",
"all",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"sufficiently",
"large",
",",
"lie",
"in",
"a",
"single",
"interval",
"of",
"the",
"form",
"<",
"formula",
">",
";",
"and",
"given",
"a",
"point",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"in",
"the",
"surface",
",",
"a",
"neighborhood",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"of",
"<",
"formula",
">",
",",
"and",
"an",
"integer",
"<",
"formula",
">",
",",
"there",
"is",
"a",
"ring",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"in",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"separating",
"x",
"from",
"the",
"complement",
"of",
"<",
"formula",
">",
",",
"such",
"that",
"for",
"all",
"large",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"the",
"approximate",
"mod",
"##uli",
"of",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"are",
"all",
"greater",
"than",
"<",
"formula",
">",
".",
"=",
"=",
"=",
"statement",
"of",
"theorem",
"=",
"=",
"=",
"if",
"a",
"sequence",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"of",
"til",
"##ings",
"of",
"a"
] | 878,432 |
formula >, the approximate moduli < formula > and < formula >, for all < formula > sufficiently large, lie in a single interval of the form < formula > ; and given a point < formula > in the surface, a neighborhood < formula > of < formula >, and an integer < formula >, there is a ring < formula > in < formula > separating x from the complement of < formula >, such that for all large < formula > the approximate moduli of < formula > are all greater than < formula >. = = = statement of theorem = = = if a sequence < formula > of tilings of a
| 1,618 |
[
"surface",
"is",
"conform",
"##al",
"(",
"<",
"formula",
">",
")",
"in",
"the",
"above",
"sense",
",",
"then",
"there",
"is",
"a",
"conform",
"##al",
"structure",
"on",
"the",
"surface",
"and",
"a",
"constant",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"depending",
"only",
"on",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"in",
"which",
"the",
"classical",
"mod",
"##uli",
"and",
"approximate",
"mod",
"##uli",
"(",
"from",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"for",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"sufficiently",
"large",
")",
"of",
"any",
"given",
"ann",
"##ulus",
"are",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"-",
"comparable",
",",
"meaning",
"that",
"they",
"lie",
"in",
"a",
"single",
"interval",
"<",
"formula",
">",
".",
"=",
"=",
"=",
"consequences",
"=",
"=",
"=",
"the",
"comb",
"##inator",
"##ial",
"ri",
"##emann",
"mapping",
"theorem",
"implies",
"that",
"a",
"group",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"acts",
"geometric",
"##ally",
"on",
"<",
"formula",
">",
"if",
"and",
"only",
"if",
"it",
"is",
"gr",
"##omo",
"##v",
"hyper",
"##bolic",
",",
"it",
"has",
"a",
"sphere",
"at"
] | 878,433 |
surface is conformal ( < formula > ) in the above sense, then there is a conformal structure on the surface and a constant < formula > depending only on < formula > in which the classical moduli and approximate moduli ( from < formula > for < formula > sufficiently large ) of any given annulus are < formula > - comparable, meaning that they lie in a single interval < formula >. = = = consequences = = = the combinatorial riemann mapping theorem implies that a group < formula > acts geometrically on < formula > if and only if it is gromov hyperbolic, it has a sphere at
| 1,618 |
[
"infinity",
",",
"and",
"the",
"natural",
"subdivision",
"rule",
"on",
"the",
"sphere",
"gives",
"rise",
"to",
"a",
"sequence",
"of",
"til",
"##ings",
"that",
"is",
"conform",
"##al",
"in",
"the",
"sense",
"above",
".",
"thus",
",",
"cannon",
"'",
"s",
"conjecture",
"would",
"be",
"true",
"if",
"all",
"such",
"subdivision",
"rules",
"were",
"conform",
"##al",
".",
"=",
"ash",
"crimson",
"=",
"ash",
"crimson",
"(",
"ア",
"##ッ",
"##シ",
"##ュ",
"・",
"[UNK]",
",",
"ass",
"##hu",
"ku",
"##rim",
"##uz",
"##on",
")",
"is",
"a",
"video",
"game",
"character",
"in",
"the",
"king",
"of",
"fighters",
"fighting",
"game",
"series",
"developed",
"by",
"s",
"##nk",
"play",
"##more",
".",
"his",
"first",
"appearance",
"was",
"in",
"the",
"king",
"of",
"fighters",
"2003",
"as",
"leader",
"of",
"its",
"hero",
"team",
".",
"ash",
",",
"a",
"teenager",
",",
"participates",
"in",
"the",
"series",
"'",
"fighting",
"tournaments",
".",
"he",
"employs",
"a",
"personal",
"fighting",
"style",
"that",
"involves",
"p",
"##yr",
"##oki",
"##nes"
] | 878,434 |
infinity, and the natural subdivision rule on the sphere gives rise to a sequence of tilings that is conformal in the sense above. thus, cannon's conjecture would be true if all such subdivision rules were conformal. = ash crimson = ash crimson ( アッシュ ・ [UNK], asshu kurimuzon ) is a video game character in the king of fighters fighting game series developed by snk playmore. his first appearance was in the king of fighters 2003 as leader of its hero team. ash, a teenager, participates in the series'fighting tournaments. he employs a personal fighting style that involves pyrokines
| 309 |
[
"##is",
"with",
"green",
"flames",
".",
"despite",
"being",
"the",
"series",
"'",
"protagonist",
"since",
"its",
"third",
"story",
"arc",
",",
"ash",
"'",
"s",
"behavior",
"is",
"generally",
"antagonist",
"##ic",
"and",
"he",
"tries",
"to",
"steal",
"powers",
"from",
"several",
"recurring",
"characters",
",",
"leaving",
"them",
"powerless",
".",
"his",
"identity",
"and",
"intentions",
"are",
"further",
"explored",
"in",
"the",
"most",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"recent",
"title",
",",
"the",
"king",
"of",
"fighters",
"xiii",
",",
"and",
"he",
"has",
"been",
"featured",
"in",
"print",
"adaptations",
"and",
"a",
"drama",
"cd",
"based",
"on",
"the",
"games",
".",
"s",
"##nk",
"play",
"##more",
"staff",
"created",
"ash",
"as",
"an",
"evil",
"main",
"character",
",",
"in",
"contrast",
"to",
"previous",
"main",
"characters",
".",
"his",
"moves",
"have",
"been",
"reworked",
"in",
"every",
"game",
"in",
"which",
"he",
"has",
"appeared",
",",
"gaining",
"new",
"techniques",
"as",
"a",
"result",
"of",
"his",
"actions",
"or",
"modified",
"to",
"balance",
"the",
"character"
] | 878,435 |
##is with green flames. despite being the series'protagonist since its third story arc, ash's behavior is generally antagonistic and he tries to steal powers from several recurring characters, leaving them powerless. his identity and intentions are further explored in the most @ - @ recent title, the king of fighters xiii, and he has been featured in print adaptations and a drama cd based on the games. snk playmore staff created ash as an evil main character, in contrast to previous main characters. his moves have been reworked in every game in which he has appeared, gaining new techniques as a result of his actions or modified to balance the character
| 2,104 |
[
"roster",
".",
"critical",
"response",
"to",
"ash",
"has",
"been",
"largely",
"negative",
"due",
"to",
"his",
"and",
"##ro",
"##gy",
"##nous",
"appearance",
"and",
"his",
"technique",
".",
"in",
"interviews",
"and",
"press",
"releases",
",",
"video",
"game",
"publisher",
"ut",
"##v",
"ignition",
"entertainment",
"noted",
"that",
"he",
"was",
"unpopular",
"with",
"western",
"gamer",
"##s",
"and",
"his",
"design",
"was",
"better",
"suited",
"to",
"japanese",
"fans",
".",
"=",
"=",
"appearances",
"=",
"=",
"introduced",
"in",
"the",
"king",
"of",
"fighters",
"2003",
",",
"ash",
"leads",
"the",
"new",
"hero",
"team",
"of",
"duo",
"lo",
"##n",
"and",
"shen",
"woo",
"which",
"participates",
"in",
"a",
"new",
"king",
"of",
"fighters",
"tournament",
".",
"after",
"the",
"tournament",
",",
"he",
"ambush",
"##es",
"host",
"chi",
"##zu",
"##ru",
"ka",
"##gur",
"##a",
"and",
"steals",
"her",
"powers",
",",
"telling",
"io",
"##ri",
"ya",
"##gami",
"he",
"will",
"be",
"his",
"next",
"opponent",
".",
"in",
"the",
"king",
"of",
"fighters",
"xi",
","
] | 878,436 |
roster. critical response to ash has been largely negative due to his androgynous appearance and his technique. in interviews and press releases, video game publisher utv ignition entertainment noted that he was unpopular with western gamers and his design was better suited to japanese fans. = = appearances = = introduced in the king of fighters 2003, ash leads the new hero team of duo lon and shen woo which participates in a new king of fighters tournament. after the tournament, he ambushes host chizuru kagura and steals her powers, telling iori yagami he will be his next opponent. in the king of fighters xi,
| 2,388 |
[
"the",
"character",
"teams",
"up",
"with",
"oswald",
"and",
"shen",
"woo",
".",
"at",
"the",
"game",
"'",
"s",
"end",
"ash",
"leaves",
"his",
"teammates",
"to",
"fight",
"each",
"other",
",",
"after",
"disc",
"##los",
"##ing",
"that",
"oswald",
"'",
"s",
"price",
"for",
"joining",
"him",
"was",
"finding",
"a",
"drug",
"he",
"can",
"only",
"obtain",
"after",
"defeating",
"their",
"ph",
"##arm",
"##ac",
"##ist",
"'",
"s",
"enemy",
":",
"shen",
"woo",
".",
"he",
"later",
"finds",
"a",
"be",
"##rse",
"##rke",
"##r",
",",
"io",
"##ri",
",",
"defeats",
"him",
"and",
"steals",
"his",
"powers",
".",
"when",
"ash",
"'",
"s",
"comrade",
"elisabeth",
"blanc",
"##tor",
"##che",
"accuse",
"##s",
"him",
"of",
"abandoning",
"his",
"original",
"mission",
"and",
"becoming",
"obsessed",
"with",
"power",
",",
"he",
"leaves",
"after",
"saying",
"that",
"ky",
"##o",
"ku",
"##san",
"##agi",
"will",
"be",
"his",
"next",
"victim",
".",
"ash",
"also",
"appears",
"as",
"an",
"available",
"fighter",
"in",
"the",
"ko",
"##f"
] | 878,437 |
the character teams up with oswald and shen woo. at the game's end ash leaves his teammates to fight each other, after disclosing that oswald's price for joining him was finding a drug he can only obtain after defeating their pharmacist's enemy : shen woo. he later finds a berserker, iori, defeats him and steals his powers. when ash's comrade elisabeth blanctorche accuses him of abandoning his original mission and becoming obsessed with power, he leaves after saying that kyo kusanagi will be his next victim. ash also appears as an available fighter in the kof
| 468 |
[
":",
"maximum",
"impact",
"2",
"update",
"ko",
"##f",
"maximum",
"impact",
"regulation",
"a",
"and",
"the",
"king",
"of",
"fighters",
"xii",
",",
"games",
"without",
"a",
"storyline",
".",
"in",
"the",
"king",
"of",
"fighters",
"xiii",
"ash",
"is",
"the",
"only",
"character",
"not",
"part",
"of",
"a",
"team",
",",
"and",
"it",
"is",
"learned",
"that",
"he",
"works",
"for",
"those",
"from",
"the",
"past",
"(",
"seen",
"in",
"2003",
"and",
"xi",
")",
".",
"however",
",",
"he",
"has",
"a",
"conflict",
"with",
"organization",
"leader",
"sai",
"##ki",
"at",
"the",
"end",
"of",
"the",
"game",
".",
"ash",
"is",
"the",
"final",
"boss",
"in",
"the",
"king",
"of",
"fighters",
"xiii",
"as",
"\"",
"ash",
"driven",
"insane",
"by",
"the",
"spiral",
"of",
"blood",
"\"",
"(",
"[UNK]",
"の",
"[UNK]",
"[UNK]",
"に",
"[UNK]",
"う",
"##ア",
"##ッ",
"##シ",
"##ュ",
",",
"chi",
"no",
"ras",
"##en",
"ni",
"ku",
"##ru",
"##u",
"ass",
"##hu",
")",
"(",
"also",
"known",
"as"
] | 878,438 |
: maximum impact 2 update kof maximum impact regulation a and the king of fighters xii, games without a storyline. in the king of fighters xiii ash is the only character not part of a team, and it is learned that he works for those from the past ( seen in 2003 and xi ). however, he has a conflict with organization leader saiki at the end of the game. ash is the final boss in the king of fighters xiii as " ash driven insane by the spiral of blood " ( [UNK] の [UNK] [UNK] に [UNK] うアッシュ, chi no rasen ni kuruu asshu ) ( also known as
| 8 |
[
"evil",
"ash",
")",
"with",
"power",
"stolen",
"from",
"sai",
"##ki",
",",
"who",
"is",
"trying",
"to",
"possess",
"him",
".",
"he",
"ultimately",
"sacrifices",
"himself",
"to",
"destroy",
"sai",
"##ki",
".",
"ash",
"has",
"made",
"appearances",
"in",
"various",
"other",
"king",
"of",
"fighters",
"media",
"as",
"well",
".",
"in",
"the",
"fourth",
"chapter",
"of",
"the",
"anime",
"the",
"king",
"of",
"fighters",
":",
"another",
"day",
",",
"he",
"sets",
"fire",
"to",
"a",
"city",
"to",
"lure",
"ky",
"##o",
"into",
"a",
"trap",
".",
"he",
"is",
"also",
"prominent",
"in",
"the",
"man",
"##hua",
"adaptations",
"of",
"the",
"king",
"of",
"fighters",
"2003",
"by",
"wing",
"yang",
"and",
"king",
"tung",
".",
"in",
"the",
"2003",
"tournament",
",",
"ash",
"'",
"s",
"team",
"is",
"defeated",
"in",
"the",
"final",
"but",
"later",
"helps",
"defeat",
"the",
"demon",
"mu",
"##kai",
".",
"although",
"he",
"is",
"not",
"part",
"of",
"the",
"recurring",
"tournament",
"in",
"the",
"king",
"of",
"fighters"
] | 878,439 |
evil ash ) with power stolen from saiki, who is trying to possess him. he ultimately sacrifices himself to destroy saiki. ash has made appearances in various other king of fighters media as well. in the fourth chapter of the anime the king of fighters : another day, he sets fire to a city to lure kyo into a trap. he is also prominent in the manhua adaptations of the king of fighters 2003 by wing yang and king tung. in the 2003 tournament, ash's team is defeated in the final but later helps defeat the demon mukai. although he is not part of the recurring tournament in the king of fighters
| 1,327 |
[
"xii",
"man",
"##hua",
",",
"he",
"briefly",
"confronts",
"ky",
"##o",
"in",
"an",
"attempt",
"to",
"steal",
"his",
"powers",
".",
"ash",
"also",
"appears",
"in",
"the",
"cd",
"drama",
"ko",
"##f",
":",
"mid",
"summer",
"struggle",
",",
"which",
"has",
"a",
"mock",
"king",
"of",
"fighters",
"tournament",
".",
"outside",
"the",
"king",
"of",
"fighters",
",",
"the",
"character",
"appears",
"in",
"a",
"dating",
"sim",
"part",
"of",
"the",
"days",
"of",
"memories",
"series",
".",
"=",
"=",
"creation",
"and",
"development",
"=",
"=",
"ash",
"was",
"designed",
"as",
"an",
"\"",
"attractive",
"evil",
"character",
"\"",
",",
"in",
"contrast",
"to",
"previous",
"king",
"of",
"fighters",
"heroes",
".",
"the",
"supervising",
"designer",
"created",
"the",
"character",
"as",
"desired",
",",
"with",
"few",
"changes",
"since",
"conception",
".",
"when",
"the",
"king",
"of",
"fighters",
"2003",
"was",
"released",
"and",
"ash",
"introduced",
",",
"the",
"staff",
"did",
"not",
"want",
"to",
"disclose",
"information",
"about",
"him",
",",
"instead",
"telling"
] | 878,440 |
xii manhua, he briefly confronts kyo in an attempt to steal his powers. ash also appears in the cd drama kof : mid summer struggle, which has a mock king of fighters tournament. outside the king of fighters, the character appears in a dating sim part of the days of memories series. = = creation and development = = ash was designed as an " attractive evil character ", in contrast to previous king of fighters heroes. the supervising designer created the character as desired, with few changes since conception. when the king of fighters 2003 was released and ash introduced, the staff did not want to disclose information about him, instead telling
| 2,104 |
[
"fans",
"to",
"look",
"forward",
"to",
"his",
"\"",
"exploits",
".",
"\"",
"his",
"canonical",
"height",
"is",
"178",
"##cm",
"(",
"5",
"'",
"10",
"\"",
")",
"and",
"he",
"weighs",
"59",
"##k",
"##g",
"(",
"130",
"lbs",
")",
".",
"according",
"to",
"a",
"staff",
"member",
",",
"fa",
"##lco",
"##on",
",",
"the",
"goal",
"was",
"to",
"make",
"ash",
"an",
"ambiguous",
"protagonist",
"who",
"made",
"players",
"\"",
"feel",
"bad",
"\"",
"for",
"cheering",
"for",
"him",
".",
"although",
"fa",
"##lco",
"##on",
"did",
"not",
"design",
"the",
"character",
",",
"he",
"added",
"details",
"while",
"illustrating",
"him",
".",
"due",
"to",
"ash",
"'",
"s",
"late",
"appearance",
"in",
"the",
"king",
"of",
"fighters",
"2003",
",",
"the",
"staff",
"joked",
"that",
"teammate",
"shen",
"woo",
"seemed",
"more",
"like",
"the",
"series",
"'",
"main",
"character",
"than",
"ash",
"did",
".",
"for",
"the",
"king",
"of",
"fighters",
"xiii",
",",
"producer",
"kei",
"yamamoto",
"wanted",
"gamer",
"##s",
"who"
] | 878,441 |
fans to look forward to his " exploits. " his canonical height is 178cm ( 5'10 " ) and he weighs 59kg ( 130 lbs ). according to a staff member, falcoon, the goal was to make ash an ambiguous protagonist who made players " feel bad " for cheering for him. although falcoon did not design the character, he added details while illustrating him. due to ash's late appearance in the king of fighters 2003, the staff joked that teammate shen woo seemed more like the series'main character than ash did. for the king of fighters xiii, producer kei yamamoto wanted gamers who
| 2,121 |
[
"had",
"played",
"previous",
"titles",
"with",
"ash",
"to",
"consider",
"the",
"character",
"'",
"s",
"motivation",
"and",
"whether",
"they",
"could",
"relate",
"to",
"him",
".",
"one",
"of",
"three",
"reasons",
"for",
"the",
"title",
"of",
"ko",
"##f",
":",
"maximum",
"impact",
"2",
"regulation",
"\"",
"a",
"\"",
"was",
"ash",
"'",
"s",
"introduction",
"to",
"the",
"spin",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"off",
"series",
".",
"fa",
"##lco",
"##on",
"called",
"the",
"character",
"\"",
"really",
"wild",
"\"",
"because",
"of",
"his",
"role",
"in",
"the",
"series",
"and",
"his",
"personality",
".",
"non",
"##a",
"(",
"another",
"artist",
"in",
"charge",
")",
"said",
"that",
"of",
"the",
"original",
"king",
"of",
"fighters",
"characters",
",",
"he",
"liked",
"ash",
"and",
"looked",
"forward",
"to",
"his",
"development",
".",
"in",
"the",
"king",
"of",
"fighters",
"xii",
"ash",
"was",
"the",
"character",
"the",
"staff",
"worked",
"on",
"the",
"most",
",",
"re",
"##working",
"his",
"movements",
"and",
"speech",
"to",
"be",
"more"
] | 878,442 |
had played previous titles with ash to consider the character's motivation and whether they could relate to him. one of three reasons for the title of kof : maximum impact 2 regulation " a " was ash's introduction to the spin @ - @ off series. falcoon called the character " really wild " because of his role in the series and his personality. nona ( another artist in charge ) said that of the original king of fighters characters, he liked ash and looked forward to his development. in the king of fighters xii ash was the character the staff worked on the most, reworking his movements and speech to be more
| 2,593 |
[
"consistent",
"with",
"the",
"rest",
"of",
"the",
"cast",
".",
"the",
"king",
"of",
"fighters",
"xiii",
"producer",
"kei",
"yamamoto",
"joking",
"##ly",
"called",
"him",
"a",
"character",
"players",
"could",
"use",
"to",
"\"",
"show",
"off",
"\"",
".",
"his",
"ex",
"version",
"in",
"the",
"game",
"makes",
"more",
"multiple",
"hits",
"than",
"his",
"regular",
"form",
",",
"and",
"the",
"\"",
"disgusting",
"\"",
"style",
"of",
"his",
"\"",
"genie",
"\"",
"(",
"シ",
"##ェ",
"##ニ",
"##ー",
")",
"move",
"is",
"said",
"to",
"fit",
"his",
"character",
".",
"since",
"his",
"introduction",
",",
"ash",
"has",
"acquired",
"new",
"moves",
"in",
"accordance",
"with",
"his",
"action",
"in",
"the",
"series",
".",
"after",
"the",
"king",
"of",
"fighters",
"2003",
"ash",
"gained",
"chi",
"##zu",
"##ru",
"ka",
"##gur",
"##a",
"'",
"s",
"\"",
"ge",
"##rmin",
"##ar",
"\"",
"(",
"シ",
"##ェ",
"##ル",
"##ミ",
"##ナ",
"##ー",
"##ル",
")",
",",
"a",
"move",
"allowing",
"him",
"to",
"steal",
"his",
"opponents"
] | 878,443 |
consistent with the rest of the cast. the king of fighters xiii producer kei yamamoto jokingly called him a character players could use to " show off ". his ex version in the game makes more multiple hits than his regular form, and the " disgusting " style of his " genie " ( シェニー ) move is said to fit his character. since his introduction, ash has acquired new moves in accordance with his action in the series. after the king of fighters 2003 ash gained chizuru kagura's " germinar " ( シェルミナール ), a move allowing him to steal his opponents
| 161 |
[
"'",
"special",
"moves",
".",
"after",
"defeating",
"io",
"##ri",
"ya",
"##gami",
",",
"the",
"character",
"acquired",
"the",
"\"",
"fr",
"##uc",
"##ti",
"##dor",
"\"",
"(",
"テ",
"##ル",
"##ミ",
"##ト",
"##ー",
"##ル",
")",
"neo",
"max",
"move",
"(",
"his",
"strongest",
"attack",
"in",
"the",
"king",
"of",
"fighters",
"xiii",
")",
".",
"during",
"the",
"game",
"'",
"s",
"development",
",",
"the",
"staff",
"considered",
"returning",
"fr",
"##uc",
"##ti",
"##dor",
"'",
"s",
"animation",
"style",
"to",
"an",
"earlier",
"version",
"they",
"had",
"tested",
".",
"=",
"=",
"reception",
"=",
"=",
"ash",
"crimson",
"'",
"s",
"character",
"had",
"a",
"mixed",
"reception",
"in",
"video",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"game",
"publications",
".",
"when",
"he",
"was",
"introduced",
",",
"games",
"##py",
"'",
"s",
"christian",
"nut",
"##t",
"called",
"him",
"a",
"\"",
"clone",
"\"",
"of",
"gui",
"##le",
"from",
"the",
"street",
"fighter",
"series",
"because",
"of",
"their",
"similar",
"moves",
"##ets",
"but",
"ash",
"'"
] | 878,444 |
' special moves. after defeating iori yagami, the character acquired the " fructidor " ( テルミトール ) neo max move ( his strongest attack in the king of fighters xiii ). during the game's development, the staff considered returning fructidor's animation style to an earlier version they had tested. = = reception = = ash crimson's character had a mixed reception in video @ - @ game publications. when he was introduced, gamespy's christian nutt called him a " clone " of guile from the street fighter series because of their similar movesets but ash '
| 283 |
[
"s",
"team",
"was",
"praised",
"as",
"new",
"characters",
"with",
"new",
"elements",
"in",
"the",
"series",
".",
"lucas",
"m",
".",
"thomas",
"of",
"ign",
"wrote",
"that",
"a",
"major",
"fan",
"complaint",
"was",
"the",
"character",
"'",
"s",
"strength",
"in",
"the",
"games",
",",
"which",
"made",
"him",
"one",
"of",
"the",
"strongest",
"opponents",
"despite",
"an",
"apparent",
"lack",
"of",
"effort",
".",
"according",
"to",
"thomas",
",",
"ash",
"is",
"\"",
"nothing",
"if",
"not",
"strange",
"\"",
"and",
"the",
"writer",
"lame",
"##nted",
"his",
"many",
"appearances",
"in",
"the",
"ko",
"##f",
"2003",
"man",
"##hua",
"compared",
"with",
"more",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"popular",
"characters",
".",
"when",
"playable",
"characters",
"for",
"the",
"arcade",
"version",
"of",
"the",
"king",
"of",
"fighters",
"xiii",
"were",
"introduced",
",",
"anime",
"news",
"network",
"'",
"s",
"todd",
"ci",
"##ole",
"##k",
"speculated",
"about",
"ash",
"'",
"s",
"lack",
"of",
"teammates",
"and",
"wondered",
"if",
"he",
"was",
"alone",
"because",
"\""
] | 878,445 |
s team was praised as new characters with new elements in the series. lucas m. thomas of ign wrote that a major fan complaint was the character's strength in the games, which made him one of the strongest opponents despite an apparent lack of effort. according to thomas, ash is " nothing if not strange " and the writer lamented his many appearances in the kof 2003 manhua compared with more @ - @ popular characters. when playable characters for the arcade version of the king of fighters xiii were introduced, anime news network's todd ciolek speculated about ash's lack of teammates and wondered if he was alone because "
| 2,743 |
[
"no",
"one",
"likes",
"ash",
"now",
".",
"\"",
"marissa",
"mel",
"##i",
"of",
"u",
"##go",
"networks",
"ranked",
"ash",
"sixteenth",
"on",
"a",
"list",
"of",
"\"",
"the",
"most",
"and",
"##ro",
"##gy",
"##nous",
"video",
"game",
"characters",
"\"",
",",
"with",
"mel",
"##i",
"joking",
"##ly",
"at",
"##tri",
"##bu",
"##ting",
"his",
"and",
"##ro",
"##gy",
"##nous",
"appearance",
"to",
"a",
"desire",
"by",
"japanese",
"designers",
"to",
"confuse",
"western",
"gamer",
"##s",
"about",
"their",
"sexuality",
".",
"although",
"he",
"called",
"ash",
"'",
"s",
"voice",
"one",
"of",
"\"",
"gaming",
"'",
"s",
"top",
"10",
"deepest",
"voices",
"\"",
",",
"dan",
"how",
"##dle",
"of",
"now",
"gamer",
"referred",
"to",
"him",
"as",
"a",
"female",
"character",
"and",
"writers",
"for",
"game",
"inform",
"##er",
"joked",
"about",
"their",
"surprise",
"at",
"the",
"discovery",
"that",
"ash",
"is",
"a",
"male",
"character",
".",
"after",
"ut",
"##v",
"ignition",
"entertainment",
"polled",
"fans",
"to",
"choose",
"an",
"art",
"##box",
"for"
] | 878,446 |
no one likes ash now. " marissa meli of ugo networks ranked ash sixteenth on a list of " the most androgynous video game characters ", with meli jokingly attributing his androgynous appearance to a desire by japanese designers to confuse western gamers about their sexuality. although he called ash's voice one of " gaming's top 10 deepest voices ", dan howdle of now gamer referred to him as a female character and writers for game informer joked about their surprise at the discovery that ash is a male character. after utv ignition entertainment polled fans to choose an artbox for
| 2,388 |
[
"console",
"versions",
"of",
"the",
"king",
"of",
"fighters",
"xii",
",",
"the",
"company",
"announced",
"that",
"ash",
"'",
"s",
"unpopular",
"##ity",
"reduced",
"the",
"number",
"of",
"potential",
"covers",
"to",
"two",
"(",
"featuring",
"ky",
"##o",
"and",
"io",
"##ri",
")",
".",
"in",
"an",
"interview",
"with",
"ignition",
"entertainment",
"director",
"of",
"business",
"development",
"shane",
"bet",
"##te",
"##hausen",
",",
"alex",
"luca",
"##rd",
"of",
"die",
"##hard",
"game",
"##fan",
"said",
"that",
"north",
"american",
"s",
"##nk",
"fans",
"det",
"##ested",
"ash",
"and",
"complained",
"about",
"his",
"inclusion",
"in",
"the",
"king",
"of",
"fighters",
"xii",
"without",
"a",
"storyline",
"while",
"popular",
"series",
"characters",
"were",
"overlooked",
".",
"bet",
"##te",
"##hausen",
"defended",
"the",
"character",
",",
"calling",
"him",
"\"",
"nu",
"##ance",
"##d",
"and",
"improved",
"\"",
"and",
"his",
"moves",
"\"",
"incredibly",
"effective",
"\"",
".",
"in",
"june",
"2009",
",",
"stephen",
"to",
"##ti",
"##lo",
"of",
"kota",
"##ku",
"interviewed",
"bet",
"##te",
"##hausen"
] | 878,447 |
console versions of the king of fighters xii, the company announced that ash's unpopularity reduced the number of potential covers to two ( featuring kyo and iori ). in an interview with ignition entertainment director of business development shane bettehausen, alex lucard of diehard gamefan said that north american snk fans detested ash and complained about his inclusion in the king of fighters xii without a storyline while popular series characters were overlooked. bettehausen defended the character, calling him " nuanced and improved " and his moves " incredibly effective ". in june 2009, stephen totilo of kotaku interviewed bettehausen
| 2,747 |
[
",",
"who",
"asked",
"him",
"while",
"to",
"##ti",
"##lo",
"was",
"playing",
"to",
"guess",
"ash",
"'",
"s",
"gender",
".",
"when",
"to",
"##ti",
"##lo",
"said",
"the",
"character",
"was",
"female",
",",
"bet",
"##eh",
"##ausen",
"called",
"ko",
"##f",
"\"",
"progressive",
"\"",
"in",
"introducing",
"a",
"cross",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"dressing",
"character",
"and",
"said",
"that",
"fans",
"were",
"apparently",
"\"",
"warming",
"up",
"to",
"him",
"\"",
".",
"on",
"des",
"##truct",
"##oid",
",",
"jonathan",
"holmes",
"praised",
"ash",
"'",
"s",
"character",
"as",
"\"",
"def",
"##ying",
"traditional",
"gender",
"roles",
"while",
"kicking",
"some",
"ass",
"\"",
"and",
"called",
"him",
"\"",
"the",
"perfect",
"mascot",
"for",
"the",
"ko",
"##f",
"series",
"as",
"a",
"whole",
".",
"\"",
"mer",
"##chan",
"##dis",
"##ing",
"related",
"to",
"ash",
"'",
"s",
"appearance",
"has",
"also",
"been",
"released",
".",
"=",
"cu",
"##nard",
"building",
"=",
"not",
"to",
"be",
"confused",
"with",
"the",
"1921",
"cu",
"##nard"
] | 878,448 |
, who asked him while totilo was playing to guess ash's gender. when totilo said the character was female, betehausen called kof " progressive " in introducing a cross @ - @ dressing character and said that fans were apparently " warming up to him ". on destructoid, jonathan holmes praised ash's character as " defying traditional gender roles while kicking some ass " and called him " the perfect mascot for the kof series as a whole. " merchandising related to ash's appearance has also been released. = cunard building = not to be confused with the 1921 cunard
| 2,153 |
[
"building",
"(",
"new",
"york",
"city",
")",
"the",
"cu",
"##nard",
"building",
"is",
"a",
"grade",
"ii",
"*",
"listed",
"building",
"in",
"liverpool",
",",
"england",
".",
"it",
"is",
"located",
"at",
"the",
"pier",
"head",
"and",
"along",
"with",
"the",
"neighbouring",
"liver",
"building",
"and",
"port",
"of",
"liverpool",
"building",
"is",
"one",
"of",
"liverpool",
"'",
"s",
"three",
"grace",
"##s",
",",
"which",
"line",
"the",
"city",
"'",
"s",
"waterfront",
".",
"it",
"is",
"also",
"part",
"of",
"liverpool",
"'",
"s",
"unesco",
"designated",
"world",
"heritage",
"maritime",
"mercantile",
"city",
".",
"it",
"was",
"designed",
"by",
"william",
"edward",
"will",
"##ink",
"and",
"philip",
"cold",
"##well",
"thickness",
"##e",
"and",
"was",
"constructed",
"between",
"1914",
"and",
"1917",
".",
"the",
"building",
"'",
"s",
"style",
"is",
"a",
"mix",
"of",
"italian",
"renaissance",
"and",
"greek",
"revival",
",",
"and",
"its",
"development",
"has",
"been",
"particularly",
"influenced",
"by",
"italian",
"palace",
"design",
".",
"the",
"building",
"is",
"noted"
] | 878,449 |
building ( new york city ) the cunard building is a grade ii * listed building in liverpool, england. it is located at the pier head and along with the neighbouring liver building and port of liverpool building is one of liverpool's three graces, which line the city's waterfront. it is also part of liverpool's unesco designated world heritage maritime mercantile city. it was designed by william edward willink and philip coldwell thicknesse and was constructed between 1914 and 1917. the building's style is a mix of italian renaissance and greek revival, and its development has been particularly influenced by italian palace design. the building is noted
| 915 |
[
"for",
"the",
"ornate",
"sculptures",
"that",
"ad",
"##orn",
"its",
"sides",
".",
"the",
"building",
"was",
",",
"from",
"its",
"construction",
"until",
"the",
"1960s",
",",
"the",
"headquarters",
"of",
"the",
"cu",
"##nard",
"line",
",",
"and",
"the",
"building",
"still",
"retains",
"the",
"name",
"of",
"its",
"original",
"tenants",
".",
"it",
"was",
"also",
"home",
"to",
"cu",
"##nard",
"'",
"s",
"passenger",
"facilities",
"for",
"trans",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"atlantic",
"journeys",
"that",
"departed",
"from",
"liverpool",
".",
"today",
",",
"the",
"building",
"is",
"owned",
"by",
"the",
"mer",
"##sey",
"##side",
"pension",
"fund",
"and",
"is",
"home",
"to",
"numerous",
"public",
"and",
"private",
"sector",
"organisations",
".",
"it",
"is",
"located",
"directly",
"opposite",
"from",
"albion",
"house",
",",
"the",
"former",
"headquarters",
"of",
"white",
"star",
"line",
".",
"in",
"1914",
"the",
"cu",
"##nard",
"steamship",
"company",
"commissioned",
"the",
"construction",
"of",
"new",
"headquarters",
"for",
"the",
"company",
".",
"cu",
"##nard",
"'",
"s",
"expansion",
"had"
] | 878,450 |
for the ornate sculptures that adorn its sides. the building was, from its construction until the 1960s, the headquarters of the cunard line, and the building still retains the name of its original tenants. it was also home to cunard's passenger facilities for trans @ - @ atlantic journeys that departed from liverpool. today, the building is owned by the merseyside pension fund and is home to numerous public and private sector organisations. it is located directly opposite from albion house, the former headquarters of white star line. in 1914 the cunard steamship company commissioned the construction of new headquarters for the company. cunard's expansion had
| 645 |
[
"meant",
"that",
"they",
"had",
"out",
"##gr",
"##own",
"their",
"previous",
"offices",
",",
"which",
"were",
"also",
"in",
"liverpool",
",",
"and",
"the",
"site",
"chosen",
"for",
"construction",
"was",
"at",
"the",
"former",
"george",
"'",
"s",
"dock",
",",
"in",
"between",
"the",
"liver",
"building",
"and",
"port",
"of",
"liverpool",
"building",
".",
"the",
"building",
"was",
"designed",
"by",
"the",
"architects",
"william",
"edward",
"will",
"##ink",
"and",
"philip",
"cold",
"##well",
"thickness",
"##e",
"and",
"was",
"inspired",
"by",
"the",
"grand",
"palaces",
"of",
"renaissance",
"italy",
".",
"it",
"was",
"constructed",
"by",
"holland",
",",
"han",
"##nen",
"&",
"cub",
"##itt",
"##s",
"between",
"1914",
"and",
"1917",
",",
"with",
"arthur",
"j",
".",
"davis",
",",
"of",
"me",
"##wes",
"and",
"davis",
",",
"acting",
"as",
"consultant",
"on",
"the",
"project",
".",
"in",
"1934",
"the",
"cu",
"##nard",
"steamship",
"company",
"merged",
"with",
"the",
"white",
"star",
"line",
"to",
"form",
"cu",
"##nard",
"white",
"star",
"line",
","
] | 878,451 |
meant that they had outgrown their previous offices, which were also in liverpool, and the site chosen for construction was at the former george's dock, in between the liver building and port of liverpool building. the building was designed by the architects william edward willink and philip coldwell thicknesse and was inspired by the grand palaces of renaissance italy. it was constructed by holland, hannen & cubitts between 1914 and 1917, with arthur j. davis, of mewes and davis, acting as consultant on the project. in 1934 the cunard steamship company merged with the white star line to form cunard white star line,
| 590 |
[
"which",
"became",
"the",
"largest",
"passenger",
"steamship",
"company",
"in",
"the",
"world",
",",
"helping",
"to",
"make",
"liverpool",
"one",
"of",
"the",
"most",
"important",
"centres",
"of",
"the",
"british",
"trans",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"atlantic",
"ocean",
"liner",
"industry",
".",
"the",
"cu",
"##nard",
"building",
"subsequently",
"acted",
"as",
"the",
"central",
"headquarters",
"for",
"the",
"newly",
"merged",
"firm",
",",
"with",
"both",
"administrative",
"and",
"ship",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"designing",
"facilities",
"located",
"within",
"the",
"building",
".",
"many",
"ships",
"and",
"liner",
"##s",
"were",
"developed",
"and",
"designed",
"at",
"the",
"cu",
"##nard",
"building",
",",
"including",
"the",
"rms",
"queen",
"mary",
"and",
"rms",
"queen",
"elizabeth",
".",
"given",
"that",
"liverpool",
"was",
"a",
"major",
"trans",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"atlantic",
"port",
"and",
"due",
"to",
"the",
"building",
"'",
"s",
"proximity",
"to",
"the",
"river",
"mer",
"##sey",
",",
"the",
"lower",
"floors",
"of",
"the",
"cu",
"##nard",
"building",
"were",
"allocated",
"to",
"provide",
"space"
] | 878,452 |
which became the largest passenger steamship company in the world, helping to make liverpool one of the most important centres of the british trans @ - @ atlantic ocean liner industry. the cunard building subsequently acted as the central headquarters for the newly merged firm, with both administrative and ship @ - @ designing facilities located within the building. many ships and liners were developed and designed at the cunard building, including the rms queen mary and rms queen elizabeth. given that liverpool was a major trans @ - @ atlantic port and due to the building's proximity to the river mersey, the lower floors of the cunard building were allocated to provide space
| 551 |
[
"for",
"cruise",
"liner",
"passengers",
",",
"both",
"prior",
"to",
"and",
"after",
"sailing",
".",
"within",
"the",
"building",
"there",
"were",
"passenger",
"facilities",
"including",
"separate",
"waiting",
"rooms",
"for",
"first",
",",
"second",
"and",
"third",
"class",
"passengers",
",",
"a",
"booking",
"hall",
",",
"luggage",
"storage",
"space",
",",
"and",
"a",
"currency",
"exchange",
".",
"the",
"building",
"also",
"provided",
"facilities",
"for",
"both",
"land",
"and",
"sea",
"based",
"cu",
"##nard",
"employees",
".",
"during",
"the",
"second",
"world",
"war",
",",
"the",
"sub",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"basement",
"level",
"of",
"the",
"cu",
"##nard",
"building",
"was",
"used",
"as",
"an",
"air",
"raid",
"shelter",
"for",
"workers",
"in",
"the",
"building",
"and",
"also",
"for",
"those",
"from",
"adjacent",
"premises",
".",
"the",
"basement",
"levels",
"also",
"served",
"as",
"the",
"central",
"air",
"raid",
"precautions",
"headquarters",
"for",
"the",
"city",
"of",
"liverpool",
"during",
"the",
"war",
".",
"additional",
"reinforced",
"steel",
"jo",
"##ists",
"were",
"fitted",
"to",
"further"
] | 878,453 |
for cruise liner passengers, both prior to and after sailing. within the building there were passenger facilities including separate waiting rooms for first, second and third class passengers, a booking hall, luggage storage space, and a currency exchange. the building also provided facilities for both land and sea based cunard employees. during the second world war, the sub @ - @ basement level of the cunard building was used as an air raid shelter for workers in the building and also for those from adjacent premises. the basement levels also served as the central air raid precautions headquarters for the city of liverpool during the war. additional reinforced steel joists were fitted to further
| 822 |
[
"strengthen",
"the",
"basement",
"in",
"case",
"of",
"a",
"direct",
"hit",
"on",
"the",
"building",
".",
"the",
"building",
"remained",
"the",
"headquarters",
"of",
"cu",
"##nard",
"until",
"the",
"1960s",
",",
"when",
"they",
"decided",
"to",
"relocate",
"their",
"uk",
"operations",
"to",
"southampton",
"on",
"england",
"'",
"s",
"south",
"coast",
"and",
"their",
"global",
"headquarters",
"to",
"new",
"york",
".",
"cu",
"##nard",
"subsequently",
"sold",
"the",
"building",
"to",
"pr",
"##ude",
"##ntial",
"plc",
"in",
"1969",
".",
"in",
"1965",
"the",
"cu",
"##nard",
"building",
"was",
"awarded",
"grade",
"ii",
"*",
"listed",
"building",
"status",
"by",
"the",
"english",
"heritage",
".",
"initially",
",",
"it",
"was",
"listed",
"together",
"with",
"the",
"liver",
"building",
"and",
"port",
"of",
"liverpool",
"building",
"under",
"pier",
"head",
",",
"but",
"in",
"1985",
"each",
"building",
"gained",
"its",
"own",
"listing",
".",
"in",
"november",
"2001",
"the",
"building",
"was",
"sold",
"to",
"the",
"mer",
"##sey",
"##side",
"pension",
"fund",
",",
"an",
"organisation"
] | 878,454 |
strengthen the basement in case of a direct hit on the building. the building remained the headquarters of cunard until the 1960s, when they decided to relocate their uk operations to southampton on england's south coast and their global headquarters to new york. cunard subsequently sold the building to prudential plc in 1969. in 1965 the cunard building was awarded grade ii * listed building status by the english heritage. initially, it was listed together with the liver building and port of liverpool building under pier head, but in 1985 each building gained its own listing. in november 2001 the building was sold to the merseyside pension fund, an organisation
| 823 |
[
"that",
"provides",
"pension",
"services",
"to",
"public",
"sector",
"workers",
"in",
"liverpool",
".",
"today",
",",
"the",
"building",
"provides",
"a",
"range",
"of",
"office",
"accommodation",
"for",
"a",
"variety",
"of",
"public",
"and",
"private",
"sector",
"organisations",
",",
"including",
"government",
"office",
"north",
"west",
".",
"in",
"november",
"2008",
"it",
"was",
"announced",
"that",
"the",
"building",
"managers",
"had",
"appointed",
"the",
"local",
"architects",
"firm",
"butt",
"##ress",
"fuller",
"also",
"##p",
"williams",
"to",
"draw",
"up",
"a",
"conservation",
"plan",
"to",
"preserve",
"the",
"building",
".",
"the",
"plan",
"involved",
"collaboration",
"with",
"english",
"heritage",
"and",
"the",
"local",
"authority",
"conservation",
"officer",
"and",
"would",
"be",
"used",
"to",
"control",
"any",
"modification",
"and",
"repairs",
"made",
"to",
"the",
"building",
".",
"in",
"october",
"2013",
"liverpool",
"city",
"council",
"approved",
"the",
"acquisition",
"of",
"the",
"cu",
"##nard",
"building",
"for",
"use",
"as",
"offices",
"and",
"as",
"a",
"cruise",
"liner",
"terminal",
".",
"the",
"council",
"projected",
"that",
"the"
] | 878,455 |
that provides pension services to public sector workers in liverpool. today, the building provides a range of office accommodation for a variety of public and private sector organisations, including government office north west. in november 2008 it was announced that the building managers had appointed the local architects firm buttress fuller alsop williams to draw up a conservation plan to preserve the building. the plan involved collaboration with english heritage and the local authority conservation officer and would be used to control any modification and repairs made to the building. in october 2013 liverpool city council approved the acquisition of the cunard building for use as offices and as a cruise liner terminal. the council projected that the
| 812 |
[
"building",
"would",
"accommodate",
"1000",
"staff",
"relocated",
"from",
"millennium",
"house",
"and",
"leases",
"in",
"the",
"capital",
"building",
",",
"saving",
"an",
"estimated",
"£",
"1",
"@",
".",
"@",
"3",
"million",
".",
"the",
"anticipated",
"use",
"as",
"cruise",
"terminal",
"however",
"had",
"to",
"be",
"abandoned",
"due",
"to",
"the",
"high",
"costs",
"associated",
"with",
"security",
"and",
"border",
"control",
".",
"=",
"=",
"architectural",
"design",
"=",
"=",
"the",
"cu",
"##nard",
"building",
"'",
"s",
"architectural",
"style",
"can",
"be",
"generally",
"described",
"as",
"a",
"mix",
"of",
"italian",
"renaissance",
"and",
"greek",
"revival",
",",
"with",
"a",
"degree",
"of",
"beaux",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"arts",
"influence",
"on",
"the",
"building",
"'",
"s",
"structural",
"form",
".",
"will",
"##ink",
"and",
"caldwell",
"'",
"s",
"designs",
"were",
"heavily",
"influenced",
"by",
"the",
"work",
"of",
"italian",
"architect",
"bald",
"##ass",
"##are",
"peru",
"##zzi",
"and",
"more",
"broadly",
"italian",
"renaissance",
"palace",
"design",
"in",
"general",
",",
"with"
] | 878,456 |
building would accommodate 1000 staff relocated from millennium house and leases in the capital building, saving an estimated £ 1 @. @ 3 million. the anticipated use as cruise terminal however had to be abandoned due to the high costs associated with security and border control. = = architectural design = = the cunard building's architectural style can be generally described as a mix of italian renaissance and greek revival, with a degree of beaux @ - @ arts influence on the building's structural form. willink and caldwell's designs were heavily influenced by the work of italian architect baldassare peruzzi and more broadly italian renaissance palace design in general, with
| 824 |
[
"the",
"far",
"##nese",
"palace",
"in",
"rome",
"believed",
"to",
"have",
"been",
"particularly",
"influential",
".",
"despite",
"the",
"strong",
"italian",
"influence",
",",
"the",
"architects",
"chose",
"to",
"introduce",
"greek",
"style",
"for",
"the",
"details",
"around",
"the",
"building",
"itself",
"and",
",",
"as",
"the",
"building",
"itself",
"is",
"larger",
"than",
"the",
"italian",
"palaces",
"that",
"provided",
"its",
"inspiration",
",",
"its",
"structural",
"form",
"was",
"prominently",
"based",
"upon",
"american",
"beaux",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"arts",
"buildings",
"such",
"as",
"those",
"in",
"new",
"york",
".",
"the",
"cu",
"##nard",
"building",
"is",
"approximately",
"rectangular",
"in",
"shape",
",",
"with",
"nine",
"bays",
"on",
"the",
"east",
"and",
"west",
"sides",
",",
"and",
"seventeen",
"bays",
"on",
"the",
"north",
"and",
"south",
"sides",
".",
"however",
",",
"as",
"it",
"was",
"constructed",
"after",
"the",
"liver",
"building",
"and",
"port",
"of",
"liverpool",
"building",
"on",
"either",
"side",
"of",
"it",
",",
"space",
"limitations",
"meant",
"that",
"the",
"east"
] | 878,457 |
the farnese palace in rome believed to have been particularly influential. despite the strong italian influence, the architects chose to introduce greek style for the details around the building itself and, as the building itself is larger than the italian palaces that provided its inspiration, its structural form was prominently based upon american beaux @ - @ arts buildings such as those in new york. the cunard building is approximately rectangular in shape, with nine bays on the east and west sides, and seventeen bays on the north and south sides. however, as it was constructed after the liver building and port of liverpool building on either side of it, space limitations meant that the east
| 925 |
[
"(",
"land",
"##ward",
")",
"side",
"was",
"actually",
"built",
"30",
"foot",
"(",
"9",
"m",
")",
"wider",
"than",
"the",
"west",
".",
"the",
"central",
"bays",
"on",
"each",
"side",
"provide",
"the",
"main",
"entrance",
"points",
"into",
"the",
"building",
".",
"each",
"entrance",
"consists",
"or",
"a",
"large",
"panel",
"##led",
"oak",
"door",
",",
"adorned",
"by",
"a",
"pair",
"of",
"flute",
"##d",
"columns",
"and",
"with",
"a",
"co",
"##ffer",
"##ed",
"ceiling",
".",
"the",
"cu",
"##nard",
"building",
"stands",
"six",
"storey",
"##s",
"tall",
"and",
"has",
"two",
"basement",
"levels",
".",
"due",
"to",
"its",
"construction",
"on",
"the",
"site",
"of",
"the",
"former",
"george",
"'",
"s",
"dock",
",",
"part",
"of",
"the",
"original",
"dock",
"wall",
"is",
"still",
"visible",
"in",
"the",
"eastern",
"boundary",
"of",
"the",
"first",
"basement",
"level",
".",
"the",
"frame",
"of",
"the",
"building",
"was",
"constructed",
"from",
"reinforced",
"concrete",
",",
"which",
"was",
"then",
"clad",
"in",
"portland",
"stone"
] | 878,458 |
( landward ) side was actually built 30 foot ( 9 m ) wider than the west. the central bays on each side provide the main entrance points into the building. each entrance consists or a large panelled oak door, adorned by a pair of fluted columns and with a coffered ceiling. the cunard building stands six storeys tall and has two basement levels. due to its construction on the site of the former george's dock, part of the original dock wall is still visible in the eastern boundary of the first basement level. the frame of the building was constructed from reinforced concrete, which was then clad in portland stone
| 853 |
[
".",
"several",
"highly",
"detailed",
"sculptures",
"ad",
"##orn",
"the",
"outside",
"of",
"the",
"building",
",",
"including",
"ones",
"of",
"britannia",
"and",
"neptune",
",",
"as",
"well",
"as",
"others",
"representing",
"peace",
",",
"war",
",",
"and",
"storms",
".",
"there",
"are",
"also",
"sculptures",
"of",
"the",
"zodiac",
"and",
"the",
"coat",
"of",
"arms",
"of",
"the",
"united",
"kingdom",
"'",
"s",
"allies",
"during",
"the",
"first",
"world",
"war",
".",
"another",
"series",
"of",
"sculptures",
"on",
"the",
"building",
"depict",
"different",
"races",
"from",
"around",
"the",
"world",
",",
"which",
"reflect",
"the",
"global",
"operations",
"of",
"the",
"cu",
"##nard",
"company",
".",
"marble",
"was",
"used",
"to",
"fur",
"##nish",
"several",
"parts",
"of",
"the",
"inside",
"of",
"the",
"building",
",",
"particularly",
"on",
"the",
"ground",
"floor",
"corridors",
"that",
"link",
"the",
"north",
"and",
"south",
"entrances",
".",
"it",
"was",
"imported",
"from",
"several",
"locations",
"in",
"italy",
"and",
"greece",
",",
"including",
"attic",
"##a",
",",
"carr"
] | 878,459 |
. several highly detailed sculptures adorn the outside of the building, including ones of britannia and neptune, as well as others representing peace, war, and storms. there are also sculptures of the zodiac and the coat of arms of the united kingdom's allies during the first world war. another series of sculptures on the building depict different races from around the world, which reflect the global operations of the cunard company. marble was used to furnish several parts of the inside of the building, particularly on the ground floor corridors that link the north and south entrances. it was imported from several locations in italy and greece, including attica, carr
| 192 |
[
"##ara",
",",
"and",
"ar",
"##ni",
"alto",
".",
"as",
"the",
"initial",
"usage",
"of",
"the",
"cu",
"##nard",
"building",
"was",
"mixed",
",",
"there",
"are",
"a",
"variety",
"of",
"features",
"within",
"the",
"building",
"that",
"reflect",
"the",
"original",
"purposes",
"of",
"different",
"areas",
"within",
".",
"initially",
",",
"cu",
"##nard",
"'",
"s",
"administration",
"facilities",
"were",
"located",
"on",
"the",
"upper",
"floors",
"and",
"due",
"to",
"the",
"necessity",
"for",
"large",
"amounts",
"of",
"light",
"in",
"the",
"design",
"facilities",
",",
"these",
"rooms",
"where",
"developed",
"to",
"include",
"both",
"top",
"##lights",
"in",
"the",
"roof",
"and",
"also",
"large",
"windows",
"to",
"maxim",
"##ise",
"the",
"amount",
"of",
"natural",
"light",
".",
"another",
"feature",
"are",
"the",
"high",
"quality",
"ornate",
"fitting",
"##s",
"that",
"are",
"present",
"in",
"what",
"would",
"have",
"been",
"the",
"former",
"first",
"class",
"passenger",
"lounge",
",",
"which",
"is",
"located",
"on",
"the",
"first",
"floor",
".",
"these",
"fitting",
"are",
"also"
] | 878,460 |
##ara, and arni alto. as the initial usage of the cunard building was mixed, there are a variety of features within the building that reflect the original purposes of different areas within. initially, cunard's administration facilities were located on the upper floors and due to the necessity for large amounts of light in the design facilities, these rooms where developed to include both toplights in the roof and also large windows to maximise the amount of natural light. another feature are the high quality ornate fittings that are present in what would have been the former first class passenger lounge, which is located on the first floor. these fitting are also
| 854 |
[
"in",
"the",
"former",
"board",
"room",
",",
"which",
"is",
"located",
"in",
"a",
"'",
"commanding",
"'",
"position",
"on",
"the",
"fifth",
"floor",
",",
"overlooking",
"the",
"river",
"below",
".",
"one",
"of",
"the",
"most",
"notable",
"features",
"of",
"the",
"cu",
"##nard",
"building",
"are",
"the",
"large",
"basement",
"and",
"sub",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"basement",
"levels",
"that",
"initially",
"acted",
"as",
"storage",
"facilities",
"for",
"both",
"the",
"company",
"'",
"s",
"property",
"and",
"also",
"the",
"luggage",
"of",
"passengers",
".",
"coal",
"was",
"also",
"stored",
"in",
"the",
"basement",
",",
"with",
"a",
"small",
"railway",
"track",
"providing",
"a",
"link",
"to",
"the",
"boiler",
"room",
",",
"which",
"was",
"used",
"to",
"heat",
"the",
"building",
".",
"many",
"original",
"features",
"of",
"the",
"basement",
"still",
"exist",
",",
"including",
"the",
"timber",
"baggage",
"racks",
",",
"ship",
"logs",
"and",
"other",
"maritime",
"documents",
".",
"several",
"secure",
"vaults",
",",
"which",
"in",
"the",
"past",
"were",
"used"
] | 878,461 |
in the former board room, which is located in a'commanding'position on the fifth floor, overlooking the river below. one of the most notable features of the cunard building are the large basement and sub @ - @ basement levels that initially acted as storage facilities for both the company's property and also the luggage of passengers. coal was also stored in the basement, with a small railway track providing a link to the boiler room, which was used to heat the building. many original features of the basement still exist, including the timber baggage racks, ship logs and other maritime documents. several secure vaults, which in the past were used
| 807 |
[
"to",
"store",
"the",
"most",
"valuable",
"passenger",
"items",
",",
"are",
"still",
"used",
"today",
"to",
"hold",
"historic",
"documents",
",",
"drawings",
"and",
"blue",
"##print",
"##s",
"relating",
"to",
"the",
"cu",
"##nard",
"building",
"and",
"also",
"some",
"of",
"cu",
"##nard",
"'",
"s",
"liner",
"##s",
",",
"such",
"as",
"the",
"rms",
"queen",
"mary",
".",
"=",
"=",
"cu",
"##nard",
"war",
"memorial",
"=",
"=",
"the",
"cu",
"##nard",
"war",
"memorial",
"is",
"located",
"on",
"the",
"west",
"side",
"of",
"the",
"cu",
"##nard",
"building",
"and",
"was",
"erected",
"in",
"memory",
"of",
"the",
"cu",
"##nard",
"employees",
"who",
"were",
"killed",
"during",
"the",
"first",
"world",
"war",
",",
"and",
"later",
"the",
"second",
"world",
"war",
".",
"a",
"grade",
"ii",
"listed",
"monument",
",",
"it",
"was",
"designed",
"by",
"arthur",
"davis",
",",
"who",
"acted",
"as",
"consultant",
"during",
"the",
"construction",
"of",
"the",
"cu",
"##nard",
"building",
"itself",
".",
"it",
"was",
"erected",
"around",
"1920"
] | 878,462 |
to store the most valuable passenger items, are still used today to hold historic documents, drawings and blueprints relating to the cunard building and also some of cunard's liners, such as the rms queen mary. = = cunard war memorial = = the cunard war memorial is located on the west side of the cunard building and was erected in memory of the cunard employees who were killed during the first world war, and later the second world war. a grade ii listed monument, it was designed by arthur davis, who acted as consultant during the construction of the cunard building itself. it was erected around 1920
| 834 |
[
",",
"although",
"it",
"wasn",
"'",
"t",
"officially",
"unveiled",
"until",
"1921",
",",
"by",
"the",
"earl",
"of",
"derby",
",",
"edward",
"stanley",
".",
"prior",
"to",
"being",
"located",
"at",
"the",
"pier",
"head",
",",
"the",
"monument",
"had",
"been",
"exhibited",
"at",
"the",
"royal",
"academy",
"of",
"arts",
"in",
"london",
".",
"the",
"monument",
"consists",
"of",
"a",
"large",
"bronze",
"statue",
"that",
"sits",
"atop",
"a",
"do",
"##ric",
"style",
"column",
",",
"which",
"is",
"itself",
"raised",
"above",
"the",
"ground",
"by",
"a",
"pedestal",
"base",
".",
"the",
"statue",
"was",
"sculpted",
"by",
"henry",
"alfred",
"peg",
"##ram",
",",
"whilst",
"john",
"stu",
"##bbs",
"&",
"sons",
"provided",
"the",
"stone",
"##work",
".",
"due",
"the",
"architects",
"wishes",
"that",
"the",
"monument",
"be",
"in",
"keeping",
"with",
"the",
"design",
"of",
"the",
"cu",
"##nard",
"building",
",",
"davis",
"designed",
"the",
"memorial",
"to",
"match",
"the",
"greek",
"features",
"of",
"building",
".",
"the",
"figure",
"on",
"top"
] | 878,463 |
, although it wasn't officially unveiled until 1921, by the earl of derby, edward stanley. prior to being located at the pier head, the monument had been exhibited at the royal academy of arts in london. the monument consists of a large bronze statue that sits atop a doric style column, which is itself raised above the ground by a pedestal base. the statue was sculpted by henry alfred pegram, whilst john stubbs & sons provided the stonework. due the architects wishes that the monument be in keeping with the design of the cunard building, davis designed the memorial to match the greek features of building. the figure on top
| 984 |
[
"is",
"of",
"man",
",",
"who",
"is",
"said",
"to",
"represent",
"victory",
",",
"standing",
"above",
"the",
"pro",
"##w",
"of",
"a",
"roman",
"ship",
".",
"around",
"him",
"there",
"are",
"other",
"naval",
"references",
"including",
"ropes",
",",
"anchors",
",",
"and",
"shells",
".",
"after",
"the",
"second",
"world",
"war",
",",
"the",
"monument",
"become",
"dedicated",
"to",
"all",
"cu",
"##nard",
"employees",
"who",
"died",
"in",
"both",
"wars",
".",
"an",
"inscription",
"on",
"the",
"side",
"of",
"the",
"memorial",
"reads",
"\"",
"pro",
"pat",
"##ria",
"\"",
",",
"which",
"is",
"latin",
"for",
",",
"\"",
"for",
"one",
"'",
"s",
"country",
"\"",
".",
"=",
"destination",
":",
"imagination",
"=",
"\"",
"destination",
":",
"imagination",
"\"",
"is",
"a",
"television",
"special",
"of",
"the",
"animated",
"television",
"series",
"foster",
"'",
"s",
"home",
"for",
"imaginary",
"friends",
".",
"the",
"plot",
"of",
"the",
"special",
"follows",
"frankie",
",",
"who",
"becomes",
"trapped",
"in",
"a",
"huge",
",",
"mysterious"
] | 878,464 |
is of man, who is said to represent victory, standing above the prow of a roman ship. around him there are other naval references including ropes, anchors, and shells. after the second world war, the monument become dedicated to all cunard employees who died in both wars. an inscription on the side of the memorial reads " pro patria ", which is latin for, " for one's country ". = destination : imagination = " destination : imagination " is a television special of the animated television series foster's home for imaginary friends. the plot of the special follows frankie, who becomes trapped in a huge, mysterious
| 2,218 |
[
"world",
"where",
"she",
"is",
"treated",
"like",
"royalty",
"but",
"forced",
"not",
"to",
"leave",
".",
"b",
"##lo",
"##o",
",",
"mac",
",",
"coco",
",",
"eduardo",
",",
"and",
"wil",
"##t",
"journey",
"through",
"the",
"world",
"to",
"rescue",
"her",
",",
"facing",
"per",
"##ils",
"and",
"challenges",
"along",
"the",
"way",
".",
"written",
"by",
"lauren",
"faust",
"and",
"tim",
"mc",
"##ke",
"##on",
",",
"\"",
"destination",
":",
"imagination",
"\"",
"was",
"directed",
"by",
"rob",
"ren",
"##ze",
"##tti",
"and",
"series",
"creator",
"craig",
"mcc",
"##rac",
"##ken",
".",
"the",
"plot",
"was",
"conceived",
"after",
"the",
"crew",
"decided",
"that",
"they",
"wanted",
"to",
"make",
"an",
"episode",
"with",
"adventure",
",",
"featuring",
"the",
"characters",
"going",
"out",
"on",
"a",
"large",
"quest",
"of",
"sorts",
".",
"due",
"to",
"the",
"dark",
"and",
"serious",
"storytelling",
"approach",
"used",
",",
"the",
"special",
"came",
"out",
"\"",
"ed",
"##gie",
"##r",
"\"",
"than",
"most",
"episodes",
"of",
"foster",
"'"
] | 878,465 |
world where she is treated like royalty but forced not to leave. bloo, mac, coco, eduardo, and wilt journey through the world to rescue her, facing perils and challenges along the way. written by lauren faust and tim mckeon, " destination : imagination " was directed by rob renzetti and series creator craig mccracken. the plot was conceived after the crew decided that they wanted to make an episode with adventure, featuring the characters going out on a large quest of sorts. due to the dark and serious storytelling approach used, the special came out " edgier " than most episodes of foster '
| 2,217 |
[
"s",
"home",
"for",
"imaginary",
"friends",
".",
"the",
"special",
"originally",
"broadcast",
"on",
"cartoon",
"network",
"on",
"november",
"27",
",",
"2008",
",",
"on",
"thanksgiving",
"day",
".",
"it",
"was",
"well",
"received",
"and",
"won",
"the",
"primetime",
"emmy",
"award",
"for",
"outstanding",
"animated",
"program",
"(",
"for",
"programming",
"one",
"hour",
"or",
"more",
")",
".",
"it",
"was",
"also",
"nominated",
"for",
"two",
"annie",
"awards",
"—",
"one",
"for",
"best",
"animated",
"television",
"production",
"produced",
"for",
"children",
"and",
"another",
"for",
"mcc",
"##rac",
"##ken",
"and",
"ren",
"##ze",
"##tti",
"'",
"s",
"directing",
".",
"=",
"=",
"plot",
"summary",
"=",
"=",
"during",
"the",
"pouring",
"rain",
",",
"a",
"mother",
"and",
"father",
"leave",
"a",
"heavily",
"chained",
"toy",
"box",
"at",
"the",
"doorstep",
"of",
"foster",
"'",
"s",
"home",
"for",
"imaginary",
"friends",
"with",
"instructions",
"to",
"not",
"be",
"opened",
".",
"the",
"next",
"day",
",",
"frankie",
"has",
"grown",
"outraged",
"about",
"her",
"job"
] | 878,466 |
s home for imaginary friends. the special originally broadcast on cartoon network on november 27, 2008, on thanksgiving day. it was well received and won the primetime emmy award for outstanding animated program ( for programming one hour or more ). it was also nominated for two annie awards — one for best animated television production produced for children and another for mccracken and renzetti's directing. = = plot summary = = during the pouring rain, a mother and father leave a heavily chained toy box at the doorstep of foster's home for imaginary friends with instructions to not be opened. the next day, frankie has grown outraged about her job
| 2,948 |
[
"as",
"the",
"house",
"caretaker",
";",
"mr",
".",
"herr",
"##iman",
"has",
"been",
"giving",
"her",
"endless",
"chores",
"to",
"take",
"care",
"day",
"after",
"day",
"without",
"thanking",
"her",
"for",
"any",
"of",
"it",
".",
"when",
"frankie",
"discovers",
"the",
"box",
"left",
"on",
"the",
"doorstep",
",",
"herr",
"##iman",
"ins",
"##truct",
"##s",
"her",
"to",
"leave",
"it",
"in",
"the",
"attic",
".",
"in",
"a",
"fit",
"of",
"anger",
"toward",
"herr",
"##iman",
",",
"she",
"intentionally",
"ignores",
"the",
"instructions",
"given",
"in",
"the",
"box",
"and",
"peek",
"##s",
"inside",
"it",
".",
"she",
"falls",
"inside",
",",
"only",
"to",
"discover",
"it",
"is",
"a",
"vast",
"world",
"filled",
"with",
"ant",
"##hr",
"##op",
"##omorphic",
"toys",
"and",
"del",
"##ect",
"##able",
"treats",
".",
"she",
"hears",
"and",
"sy",
"##mp",
"##athi",
"##zes",
"with",
"a",
"young",
"boy",
"'",
"s",
"voice",
"(",
"max",
"bu",
"##rk",
"##holder",
")",
",",
"later",
"revealed",
"to",
"be",
"the",
"imaginary"
] | 878,467 |
as the house caretaker ; mr. herriman has been giving her endless chores to take care day after day without thanking her for any of it. when frankie discovers the box left on the doorstep, herriman instructs her to leave it in the attic. in a fit of anger toward herriman, she intentionally ignores the instructions given in the box and peeks inside it. she falls inside, only to discover it is a vast world filled with anthropomorphic toys and delectable treats. she hears and sympathizes with a young boy's voice ( max burkholder ), later revealed to be the imaginary
| 2,455 |
[
"friend",
"named",
"world",
"(",
"given",
"the",
"name",
"by",
"the",
"crew",
"of",
"the",
"show",
")",
",",
"who",
"has",
"been",
"living",
"alone",
"in",
"the",
"toy",
"chest",
"since",
"his",
"family",
"left",
"the",
"box",
"at",
"foster",
"'",
"s",
".",
"frankie",
"ad",
"##ores",
"the",
"world",
"and",
"goes",
"to",
"visit",
"it",
"every",
"day",
",",
"being",
"treated",
"like",
"royalty",
"by",
"the",
"voice",
".",
"but",
"one",
"day",
",",
"when",
"she",
"goes",
"to",
"leave",
",",
"the",
"friend",
"refuses",
"to",
"allow",
"her",
"and",
"locks",
"every",
"exit",
"in",
"the",
"castle",
"they",
"are",
"ab",
"##idi",
"##ng",
"in",
".",
"b",
"##lo",
"##o",
",",
"mac",
",",
"coco",
",",
"eduardo",
",",
"and",
"wil",
"##t",
"become",
"curious",
"with",
"her",
"sudden",
"disappearance",
".",
"they",
"go",
"up",
"to",
"the",
"attic",
"and",
"enter",
"the",
"toy",
"box",
",",
"discovering",
"for",
"themselves",
"the",
"vast",
"world",
"that",
"resides",
"in",
"it"
] | 878,468 |
friend named world ( given the name by the crew of the show ), who has been living alone in the toy chest since his family left the box at foster's. frankie adores the world and goes to visit it every day, being treated like royalty by the voice. but one day, when she goes to leave, the friend refuses to allow her and locks every exit in the castle they are abiding in. bloo, mac, coco, eduardo, and wilt become curious with her sudden disappearance. they go up to the attic and enter the toy box, discovering for themselves the vast world that resides in it
| 2,453 |
[
".",
"they",
"ask",
"around",
"a",
"small",
"town",
"if",
"anyone",
"has",
"seen",
"a",
"woman",
"of",
"frankie",
"'",
"s",
"description",
"but",
"nobody",
"responds",
".",
"a",
"group",
"of",
"wee",
"##ble",
"policemen",
"discover",
"they",
"have",
"entered",
"the",
"world",
"and",
"chase",
"after",
"them",
",",
"but",
"the",
"gang",
"are",
"saved",
"by",
"a",
"heroic",
"man",
".",
"he",
"tries",
"to",
"warn",
"them",
"that",
"their",
"pursuit",
"of",
"frankie",
"will",
"lead",
"through",
"extremely",
"dangerous",
"environments",
",",
"but",
"they",
"are",
"determined",
"to",
"rescue",
"her",
".",
"mr",
".",
"herr",
"##iman",
",",
"in",
"the",
"meantime",
",",
"is",
"outraged",
"by",
"frankie",
"'",
"s",
"disappearance",
"and",
"attempts",
"to",
"find",
"a",
"replacement",
"for",
"her",
",",
"but",
"to",
"no",
"avail",
".",
"after",
"failing",
"to",
"cross",
"a",
"musical",
"and",
"colorful",
"bridge",
",",
"the",
"gang",
"falls",
"into",
"a",
"pit",
"where",
"sticky",
"material",
"becomes",
"their",
"zombie",
"@",
"-"
] | 878,469 |
. they ask around a small town if anyone has seen a woman of frankie's description but nobody responds. a group of weeble policemen discover they have entered the world and chase after them, but the gang are saved by a heroic man. he tries to warn them that their pursuit of frankie will lead through extremely dangerous environments, but they are determined to rescue her. mr. herriman, in the meantime, is outraged by frankie's disappearance and attempts to find a replacement for her, but to no avail. after failing to cross a musical and colorful bridge, the gang falls into a pit where sticky material becomes their zombie @ -
| 429 |
[
"@",
"like",
"do",
"##ppel",
"##gang",
"##ers",
"and",
"moves",
"to",
"chase",
"them",
".",
"they",
"escape",
"through",
"a",
"super",
"mario",
"world",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"like",
"environment",
"and",
"go",
"to",
"the",
"house",
"of",
"a",
"toy",
"dog",
",",
"where",
"they",
"are",
"set",
"up",
"for",
"a",
"trap",
"to",
"eat",
"cr",
"##ump",
"##ets",
"with",
"sleeping",
"powder",
".",
"mac",
"does",
"not",
"eat",
"the",
"cr",
"##ump",
"##ets",
"(",
"since",
"the",
"sleeping",
"powder",
"was",
"thought",
"to",
"be",
"powder",
"##ed",
"sugar",
",",
"and",
"he",
"can",
"'",
"t",
"eat",
"sugar",
"without",
"temporarily",
"losing",
"his",
"mind",
")",
"and",
"is",
"able",
"to",
"save",
"the",
"others",
".",
"as",
"they",
"try",
"to",
"escape",
",",
"they",
"discover",
"that",
"the",
"heroic",
"man",
"and",
"several",
"others",
"they",
"have",
"met",
"on",
"their",
"journey",
"are",
"all",
"controlled",
"by",
"a",
"single",
"face",
"—",
"world",
"—",
"who",
"can",
"an",
"##imate"
] | 878,470 |
@ like doppelgangers and moves to chase them. they escape through a super mario world @ - @ like environment and go to the house of a toy dog, where they are set up for a trap to eat crumpets with sleeping powder. mac does not eat the crumpets ( since the sleeping powder was thought to be powdered sugar, and he can't eat sugar without temporarily losing his mind ) and is able to save the others. as they try to escape, they discover that the heroic man and several others they have met on their journey are all controlled by a single face — world — who can animate
| 2,452 |
[
"and",
"control",
"seemingly",
"anything",
"he",
"latch",
"##es",
"onto",
".",
"world",
"is",
"trapped",
"on",
"an",
"apple",
"and",
"the",
"gang",
"leaves",
"it",
"at",
"a",
"desert",
";",
"but",
"latch",
"##es",
"on",
"a",
"horse",
",",
"truly",
"the",
"guise",
"of",
"mac",
"and",
"the",
"gang",
"rides",
"by",
",",
"and",
"world",
"is",
"able",
"to",
"move",
"once",
"more",
".",
"it",
"gallo",
"##ps",
"off",
"to",
"the",
"castle",
",",
"where",
"the",
"gang",
"find",
"frankie",
"and",
"attempt",
"to",
"save",
"her",
".",
"however",
",",
"frankie",
"reveals",
"that",
"world",
"never",
"kidnapped",
"her",
",",
"she",
"was",
"staying",
"of",
"her",
"own",
"free",
"will",
"and",
"is",
"happy",
"to",
"be",
"away",
"from",
"the",
"work",
"at",
"foster",
"'",
"s",
"and",
"mr",
".",
"herr",
"##iman",
"'",
"s",
"constant",
"na",
"##gging",
".",
"the",
"friends",
"then",
"plead",
"with",
"frankie",
"to",
"come",
"home",
"insisting",
"that",
"they",
"need",
"her",
"to",
"take"
] | 878,471 |
and control seemingly anything he latches onto. world is trapped on an apple and the gang leaves it at a desert ; but latches on a horse, truly the guise of mac and the gang rides by, and world is able to move once more. it gallops off to the castle, where the gang find frankie and attempt to save her. however, frankie reveals that world never kidnapped her, she was staying of her own free will and is happy to be away from the work at foster's and mr. herriman's constant nagging. the friends then plead with frankie to come home insisting that they need her to take
| 2,462 |
[
"care",
"of",
"them",
".",
"she",
"believes",
"their",
"pleas",
"to",
"be",
"selfish",
"and",
"storms",
"off",
"as",
"she",
"is",
"\"",
"sick",
"of",
"taking",
"care",
"of",
"everyone",
"and",
"everything",
"without",
"never",
"even",
"receiving",
"a",
"word",
"of",
"thanks",
",",
"an",
"ounce",
"of",
"help",
",",
"or",
"a",
"tiny",
"little",
"sm",
"##idge",
"##n",
"of",
"respect",
"\"",
".",
"they",
"attempt",
"to",
"console",
"her",
",",
"but",
"world",
"gas",
"##ses",
"them",
"and",
"they",
"fall",
"asleep",
".",
"when",
"they",
"awake",
"##n",
",",
"they",
"find",
"themselves",
"in",
"a",
"fake",
"version",
"of",
"foster",
"'",
"s",
"created",
"by",
"world",
",",
"who",
"sh",
"##rank",
"them",
"into",
"it",
".",
"frankie",
"begins",
"to",
"hear",
"their",
"tiny",
"voices",
"calling",
"to",
"her",
"and",
",",
"though",
"world",
"tries",
"to",
"distract",
"her",
"from",
"it",
",",
"she",
"finally",
"discovers",
"her",
"friends",
".",
"world",
"finally",
"becomes",
"upset",
"and",
"sc",
"##old"
] | 878,472 |
care of them. she believes their pleas to be selfish and storms off as she is " sick of taking care of everyone and everything without never even receiving a word of thanks, an ounce of help, or a tiny little smidgen of respect ". they attempt to console her, but world gasses them and they fall asleep. when they awaken, they find themselves in a fake version of foster's created by world, who shrank them into it. frankie begins to hear their tiny voices calling to her and, though world tries to distract her from it, she finally discovers her friends. world finally becomes upset and scold
| 2,457 |
[
"##s",
"frankie",
"of",
"planning",
"to",
"leave",
"him",
"alone",
"in",
"the",
"toy",
"box",
"forever",
".",
"she",
"calm",
"##s",
"him",
"down",
"enough",
"to",
"be",
"##fr",
"##ien",
"##d",
"and",
"un",
"##sh",
"##rin",
"##k",
"the",
"gang",
",",
"but",
"mr",
".",
"herr",
"##iman",
"bursts",
"in",
",",
"having",
"gotten",
"into",
"the",
"toy",
"box",
"and",
"somehow",
"past",
"the",
"gang",
"'",
"s",
"obstacles",
",",
"and",
"harshly",
"sc",
"##old",
"##s",
"world",
"before",
"preparing",
"to",
"take",
"the",
"gang",
"home",
"and",
"leave",
"world",
"to",
"\"",
"think",
"long",
"and",
"hard",
"about",
"what",
"you",
"'",
"ve",
"done",
"\"",
".",
"world",
"'",
"s",
"world",
"falls",
"to",
"pieces",
"until",
"it",
"'",
"s",
"nothing",
"but",
"a",
"white",
"void",
".",
"world",
"becomes",
"angry",
"and",
"unstable",
"and",
"turns",
"into",
"a",
"chi",
"##mer",
"##a",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"like",
"creature",
"to",
"attack",
"them",
"all",
"(",
"made",
"of",
"the"
] | 878,473 |
##s frankie of planning to leave him alone in the toy box forever. she calms him down enough to befriend and unshrink the gang, but mr. herriman bursts in, having gotten into the toy box and somehow past the gang's obstacles, and harshly scolds world before preparing to take the gang home and leave world to " think long and hard about what you've done ". world's world falls to pieces until it's nothing but a white void. world becomes angry and unstable and turns into a chimera @ - @ like creature to attack them all ( made of the
| 2,572 |
[
"remaining",
"refuse",
"of",
"his",
"world",
")",
".",
"the",
"gang",
"manages",
"to",
"escape",
"the",
"toy",
"box",
".",
"frankie",
"climbs",
"out",
"as",
"well",
"and",
"tries",
"to",
"convince",
"everyone",
"to",
"let",
"world",
"out",
"of",
"the",
"box",
".",
"herr",
"##iman",
"finally",
"yields",
"and",
"releases",
"world",
"from",
"the",
"box",
",",
"due",
"to",
"a",
"realization",
"of",
"his",
"long",
"mis",
"##ju",
"##dge",
"##ment",
"of",
"frankie",
"and",
"newfound",
"appreciation",
"for",
"her",
"during",
"her",
"absence",
".",
"world",
"gets",
"happy",
"already",
"and",
"shouts",
"that",
"he",
"'",
"s",
"free",
"and",
"everyone",
"is",
"really",
"confused",
",",
"frankie",
"'",
"s",
"answer",
"is",
":",
"\"",
"well",
",",
"think",
"of",
"it",
"this",
"way",
":",
"imagine",
"if",
"you",
"were",
"able",
"to",
"have",
"anything",
"you",
"wanted",
",",
"except",
"one",
"thing",
",",
"but",
"that",
"one",
"thing",
"is",
"what",
"you",
"wanted",
"more",
"than",
"anything",
"else",
".",
"for"
] | 878,474 |
remaining refuse of his world ). the gang manages to escape the toy box. frankie climbs out as well and tries to convince everyone to let world out of the box. herriman finally yields and releases world from the box, due to a realization of his long misjudgement of frankie and newfound appreciation for her during her absence. world gets happy already and shouts that he's free and everyone is really confused, frankie's answer is : " well, think of it this way : imagine if you were able to have anything you wanted, except one thing, but that one thing is what you wanted more than anything else. for
| 2,556 |
[
"him",
",",
"that",
"thing",
"is",
"a",
"friend",
".",
"that",
"'",
"s",
"all",
"he",
"wanted",
";",
"that",
"'",
"s",
"what",
"he",
"was",
"trying",
"to",
"protect",
".",
"so",
"i",
"brought",
"him",
"here",
".",
"here",
"he",
"can",
"have",
"all",
"the",
"friends",
"in",
"the",
"world",
"!",
"i",
"mean",
"come",
"on",
",",
"isn",
"'",
"t",
"friendship",
"what",
"foster",
"'",
"s",
"is",
"all",
"about",
"?",
"\"",
"instant",
"##aneous",
"##ly",
"b",
"##lo",
"##o",
"shouts",
",",
"\"",
"no",
",",
"it",
"'",
"s",
"all",
"about",
"me",
"!",
"\"",
"promptly",
"herr",
"##iman",
"slap",
"##s",
"him",
"with",
"a",
"glove",
",",
"to",
"the",
"delight",
"of",
"everyone",
"else",
".",
"world",
"adapt",
"##s",
"to",
"the",
"new",
"environment",
"and",
"lives",
"as",
"a",
"stuffed",
"rag",
"doll",
"in",
"the",
"home",
".",
"herr",
"##iman",
",",
"having",
"learned",
"a",
"valuable",
"lesson",
"from",
"the",
"experience",
",",
"creates",
"a"
] | 878,475 |
him, that thing is a friend. that's all he wanted ; that's what he was trying to protect. so i brought him here. here he can have all the friends in the world! i mean come on, isn't friendship what foster's is all about? " instantaneously bloo shouts, " no, it's all about me! " promptly herriman slaps him with a glove, to the delight of everyone else. world adapts to the new environment and lives as a stuffed rag doll in the home. herriman, having learned a valuable lesson from the experience, creates a
| 2,222 |
[
"new",
"fair",
"cho",
"##re",
"act",
"to",
"divide",
"the",
"chores",
"between",
"the",
"imaginary",
"friends",
"and",
"thus",
"give",
"frankie",
"a",
"well",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"deserved",
"break",
"from",
"her",
"job",
".",
"all",
"the",
"imaginary",
"friends",
"in",
"the",
"house",
"are",
"free",
"to",
"travel",
"in",
"and",
"out",
"of",
"the",
"toy",
"box",
",",
"where",
"they",
"enjoy",
"themselves",
"(",
"they",
"go",
"to",
"the",
"toy",
"box",
"in",
"a",
"style",
"similar",
"to",
"the",
"show",
"'",
"s",
"theme",
")",
",",
"with",
"the",
"last",
"to",
"enter",
"being",
"world",
"and",
"frankie",
",",
"the",
"latter",
"of",
"who",
"shout",
"out",
"\"",
"boo",
"##yah",
"!",
"\"",
"during",
"the",
"post",
"credits",
"scene",
",",
"madame",
"foster",
"returns",
"from",
"her",
"vacation",
"only",
"to",
"be",
"greeted",
"by",
"an",
"empty",
"house",
"and",
"wonders",
"where",
"everyone",
"is",
".",
"=",
"=",
"production",
"=",
"=",
"\"",
"destination",
":",
"imagination",
"\"",
"was"
] | 878,476 |
new fair chore act to divide the chores between the imaginary friends and thus give frankie a well @ - @ deserved break from her job. all the imaginary friends in the house are free to travel in and out of the toy box, where they enjoy themselves ( they go to the toy box in a style similar to the show's theme ), with the last to enter being world and frankie, the latter of who shout out " booyah! " during the post credits scene, madame foster returns from her vacation only to be greeted by an empty house and wonders where everyone is. = = production = = " destination : imagination " was
| 2,233 |
[
"co",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"written",
"by",
"foster",
"'",
"s",
"home",
"for",
"imaginary",
"friends",
"co",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"creator",
"lauren",
"faust",
"along",
"with",
"tim",
"mc",
"##ke",
"##on",
".",
"other",
"series",
"co",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"founder",
"craig",
"mcc",
"##rac",
"##ken",
"directed",
"it",
"along",
"with",
"rob",
"ren",
"##ze",
"##tti",
".",
"the",
"special",
"was",
"conceived",
"by",
"the",
"four",
",",
"along",
"with",
"dar",
"##rick",
"bach",
"##man",
",",
"edward",
"baker",
",",
"vaughn",
"tad",
"##a",
",",
"and",
"alex",
"ki",
"##r",
"##wan",
",",
"as",
"a",
"means",
"of",
"creating",
"an",
"adventure",
"story",
",",
"to",
"\"",
"send",
"the",
"gang",
"on",
"a",
"fantastic",
"quest",
".",
"\"",
"the",
"character",
"of",
"world",
"was",
"created",
"as",
"a",
"means",
"to",
"have",
"an",
"imaginary",
"friend",
"that",
"was",
"an",
"entire",
"world",
"instead",
"of",
"the",
"usual",
"\"",
"sent",
"##ient",
"being",
"that",
"you",
"hang",
"out",
"with",
"."
] | 878,477 |
co @ - @ written by foster's home for imaginary friends co @ - @ creator lauren faust along with tim mckeon. other series co @ - @ founder craig mccracken directed it along with rob renzetti. the special was conceived by the four, along with darrick bachman, edward baker, vaughn tada, and alex kirwan, as a means of creating an adventure story, to " send the gang on a fantastic quest. " the character of world was created as a means to have an imaginary friend that was an entire world instead of the usual " sentient being that you hang out with.
| 2,214 |
[
"\"",
"baker",
"suggested",
"that",
"the",
"character",
"should",
"be",
"portrayed",
"as",
"a",
"young",
"child",
",",
"which",
"mcc",
"##rac",
"##ken",
"agreed",
"because",
"it",
"brought",
"original",
"##ity",
"to",
"the",
"story",
",",
"and",
"allowed",
"him",
"to",
"\"",
"be",
"more",
"emotional",
",",
"to",
"not",
"understand",
"the",
"bigger",
"picture",
",",
"to",
"be",
"confused",
"and",
"vulnerable",
"and",
"like",
"a",
"kid",
",",
"to",
"throw",
"a",
"fit",
"when",
"they",
"don",
"'",
"t",
"get",
"their",
"way",
".",
"\"",
"the",
"special",
"was",
"written",
"with",
"the",
"goal",
"of",
"\"",
"telling",
"the",
"story",
"in",
"the",
"most",
"honest",
"and",
"sincere",
"way",
".",
"\"",
"the",
"writers",
"attempted",
"to",
"continue",
"the",
"tense",
"and",
"unpleasant",
"relationship",
"between",
"frankie",
"and",
"mr",
".",
"herr",
"##iman",
",",
"which",
"they",
"had",
"begun",
"developing",
"since",
"the",
"series",
"began",
",",
"but",
"approaching",
"it",
"in",
"a",
"bel",
"##ie",
"##vable",
"and",
"sensible",
"fashion"
] | 878,478 |
" baker suggested that the character should be portrayed as a young child, which mccracken agreed because it brought originality to the story, and allowed him to " be more emotional, to not understand the bigger picture, to be confused and vulnerable and like a kid, to throw a fit when they don't get their way. " the special was written with the goal of " telling the story in the most honest and sincere way. " the writers attempted to continue the tense and unpleasant relationship between frankie and mr. herriman, which they had begun developing since the series began, but approaching it in a believable and sensible fashion
| 2,113 |
[
".",
"with",
"the",
"heavy",
"plot",
"running",
"through",
"the",
"special",
",",
"the",
"writers",
"tried",
"to",
"use",
"b",
"##lo",
"##o",
"and",
"his",
"companions",
"as",
"a",
"means",
"to",
"add",
"humor",
"into",
"it",
".",
"they",
"wrote",
"b",
"##lo",
"##o",
"to",
"be",
"more",
"ob",
"##no",
"##xious",
"and",
"demanding",
"than",
"previously",
",",
"but",
"did",
"not",
"want",
"him",
"to",
"be",
"cruel",
"or",
"malicious",
".",
"a",
"lot",
"of",
"the",
"special",
"was",
"more",
"\"",
"ed",
"##gy",
"\"",
"and",
"dark",
"than",
"what",
"had",
"been",
"done",
"previously",
"on",
"foster",
"'",
"s",
"home",
"for",
"imaginary",
"friends",
".",
"a",
"major",
"reason",
"behind",
"this",
"was",
"the",
"per",
"##il",
",",
"danger",
",",
"and",
"conflict",
"that",
"constructed",
"the",
"plot",
"so",
"heavily",
".",
"mcc",
"##rac",
"##ken",
"explains",
",",
"\"",
"when",
"we",
"start",
"a",
"show",
"one",
"of",
"the",
"first",
"things",
"we",
"think",
"about",
"is",
"tone",
","
] | 878,479 |
. with the heavy plot running through the special, the writers tried to use bloo and his companions as a means to add humor into it. they wrote bloo to be more obnoxious and demanding than previously, but did not want him to be cruel or malicious. a lot of the special was more " edgy " and dark than what had been done previously on foster's home for imaginary friends. a major reason behind this was the peril, danger, and conflict that constructed the plot so heavily. mccracken explains, " when we start a show one of the first things we think about is tone,
| 2,557 |
[
"is",
"this",
"a",
"goofy",
"one",
",",
"is",
"it",
"a",
"serious",
"one",
",",
"whatever",
"it",
"may",
"be",
"we",
"stay",
"true",
"to",
"that",
"tone",
".",
"this",
"one",
"had",
"some",
"higher",
"stakes",
"so",
"we",
"let",
"it",
"naturally",
"un",
"##fold",
"that",
"way",
".",
"\"",
"=",
"=",
"reception",
"=",
"=",
"\"",
"destination",
":",
"imagination",
"\"",
"was",
"originally",
"broadcast",
"on",
"thanksgiving",
"day",
",",
"november",
"27",
",",
"2008",
",",
"on",
"cartoon",
"network",
",",
"at",
"8",
":",
"00",
"p",
".",
"m",
".",
"est",
".",
"it",
"followed",
"an",
"afternoon",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"long",
"marathon",
"of",
"the",
"animated",
"series",
"chow",
"##der",
"and",
"a",
"my",
"gym",
"partner",
"'",
"s",
"a",
"monkey",
"thanksgiving",
"special",
"entitled",
"\"",
"a",
"thanksgiving",
"carol",
"\"",
".",
"the",
"first",
"special",
"for",
"the",
"series",
",",
"entitled",
"\"",
"good",
"wil",
"##t",
"hunting",
",",
"\"",
"had",
"also",
"aired",
"on"
] | 878,480 |
is this a goofy one, is it a serious one, whatever it may be we stay true to that tone. this one had some higher stakes so we let it naturally unfold that way. " = = reception = = " destination : imagination " was originally broadcast on thanksgiving day, november 27, 2008, on cartoon network, at 8 : 00 p. m. est. it followed an afternoon @ - @ long marathon of the animated series chowder and a my gym partner's a monkey thanksgiving special entitled " a thanksgiving carol ". the first special for the series, entitled " good wilt hunting, " had also aired on
| 2,943 |
[
"thanksgiving",
",",
"back",
"in",
"2006",
".",
"at",
"the",
"61",
"##st",
"primetime",
"emmy",
"awards",
",",
"the",
"special",
"won",
"the",
"award",
"for",
"\"",
"outstanding",
"animated",
"program",
"(",
"for",
"programming",
"one",
"hour",
"or",
"more",
")",
"\"",
",",
"winning",
"over",
"spike",
"tv",
"'",
"s",
"afro",
"samurai",
":",
"resurrection",
".",
"it",
"was",
"nominated",
"for",
"two",
"annie",
"awards",
"for",
"best",
"animated",
"television",
"production",
"produced",
"for",
"children",
"and",
"directing",
"for",
"an",
"animated",
"television",
"production",
"or",
"short",
"form",
".",
"the",
"special",
"lost",
"both",
"to",
"nickelodeon",
"'",
"s",
"avatar",
":",
"the",
"last",
"air",
"##ben",
"##der",
".",
"\"",
"destination",
":",
"imagination",
"\"",
"received",
"generally",
"positive",
"reviews",
"from",
"television",
"critics",
".",
"news",
"##ara",
"##ma",
"reporter",
"steve",
"fritz",
"called",
"it",
"\"",
"one",
"of",
"the",
"best",
"and",
"—",
"well",
"—",
"most",
"imaginative",
"chapters",
",",
"ever",
".",
"\"",
"fritz",
"praised",
"tom",
"kane"
] | 878,481 |
thanksgiving, back in 2006. at the 61st primetime emmy awards, the special won the award for " outstanding animated program ( for programming one hour or more ) ", winning over spike tv's afro samurai : resurrection. it was nominated for two annie awards for best animated television production produced for children and directing for an animated television production or short form. the special lost both to nickelodeon's avatar : the last airbender. " destination : imagination " received generally positive reviews from television critics. newsarama reporter steve fritz called it " one of the best and — well — most imaginative chapters, ever. " fritz praised tom kane
| 2,024 |
[
"and",
"grey",
"del",
"##is",
"##le",
"'",
"s",
"performance",
"as",
"mr",
".",
"herr",
"##iman",
"and",
"frankie",
",",
"calling",
"it",
"\"",
"stellar",
",",
"\"",
"along",
"with",
"the",
"dark",
"and",
"\"",
"ed",
"##gy",
"\"",
"under",
"##tones",
"of",
"the",
"special",
".",
"=",
"chevrolet",
"vol",
"##t",
"=",
"the",
"chevrolet",
"vol",
"##t",
"is",
"a",
"plug",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"in",
"hybrid",
"manufactured",
"by",
"general",
"motors",
",",
"also",
"marketed",
"in",
"re",
"##bad",
"##ged",
"variants",
"as",
"the",
"holden",
"vol",
"##t",
"in",
"australia",
"and",
"new",
"zealand",
",",
"and",
"with",
"a",
"different",
"fa",
"##scia",
"as",
"the",
"va",
"##ux",
"##hall",
"amp",
"##era",
"in",
"the",
"united",
"kingdom",
"and",
"as",
"the",
"op",
"##el",
"amp",
"##era",
"in",
"the",
"remainder",
"of",
"europe",
".",
"sales",
"of",
"the",
"2011",
"vol",
"##t",
"began",
"in",
"the",
"u",
".",
"s",
".",
"in",
"mid",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"december",
"2010",
"followed"
] | 878,482 |
and grey delisle's performance as mr. herriman and frankie, calling it " stellar, " along with the dark and " edgy " undertones of the special. = chevrolet volt = the chevrolet volt is a plug @ - @ in hybrid manufactured by general motors, also marketed in rebadged variants as the holden volt in australia and new zealand, and with a different fascia as the vauxhall ampera in the united kingdom and as the opel ampera in the remainder of europe. sales of the 2011 volt began in the u. s. in mid @ - @ december 2010 followed
| 624 |
[
"by",
"various",
"european",
"countries",
"and",
"other",
"international",
"markets",
"in",
"2011",
".",
"global",
"combined",
"vol",
"##t",
"/",
"amp",
"##era",
"family",
"sales",
"totaled",
"over",
"110",
"@",
",",
"@",
"000",
"unit",
"by",
"the",
"end",
"of",
"march",
"2016",
",",
"with",
"the",
"u",
".",
"s",
".",
"as",
"the",
"leading",
"market",
"with",
"over",
"96",
"@",
",",
"@",
"600",
"vol",
"##ts",
"delivered",
"through",
"may",
"2016",
".",
"canada",
"is",
"the",
"world",
"'",
"s",
"second",
"largest",
"market",
"with",
"almost",
"6",
"@",
",",
"@",
"400",
"vol",
"##ts",
"sold",
"through",
"may",
"2016",
".",
"about",
"10",
"@",
",",
"@",
"000",
"op",
"##el",
"/",
"va",
"##ux",
"##hall",
"amp",
"##era",
"cars",
"had",
"been",
"sold",
"in",
"europe",
"as",
"of",
"december",
"2015",
",",
"with",
"the",
"netherlands",
"leading",
"the",
"european",
"region",
"with",
"almost",
"5",
"@",
",",
"@",
"000",
"amp",
"##eras",
"and",
"over",
"1",
"@",
","
] | 878,483 |
by various european countries and other international markets in 2011. global combined volt / ampera family sales totaled over 110 @, @ 000 unit by the end of march 2016, with the u. s. as the leading market with over 96 @, @ 600 volts delivered through may 2016. canada is the world's second largest market with almost 6 @, @ 400 volts sold through may 2016. about 10 @, @ 000 opel / vauxhall ampera cars had been sold in europe as of december 2015, with the netherlands leading the european region with almost 5 @, @ 000 amperas and over 1 @,
| 718 |
[
"@",
"000",
"vol",
"##ts",
"registered",
".",
"the",
"vol",
"##t",
"/",
"amp",
"##era",
"family",
"of",
"vehicles",
"is",
"the",
"world",
"'",
"s",
"all",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"time",
"best",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"selling",
"plug",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"in",
"hybrid",
"vehicle",
"as",
"of",
"march",
"2016",
".",
"the",
"vol",
"##t",
"operates",
"as",
"a",
"pure",
"battery",
"electric",
"vehicle",
"until",
"its",
"battery",
"capacity",
"drops",
"to",
"a",
"pre",
"##de",
"##ter",
"##mined",
"threshold",
"from",
"full",
"charge",
".",
"from",
"there",
"its",
"internal",
"combustion",
"engine",
"powers",
"an",
"electric",
"generator",
"to",
"extend",
"the",
"vehicle",
"'",
"s",
"range",
"as",
"needed",
".",
"when",
"the",
"engine",
"is",
"running",
"it",
"may",
"be",
"periodically",
"mechanically",
"linked",
"(",
"by",
"a",
"clutch",
")",
"to",
"a",
"planetary",
"gear",
"set",
",",
"and",
"hence",
"the",
"output",
"drive",
"axle",
",",
"to",
"improve",
"energy",
"efficiency",
".",
"the",
"vol",
"##t",
"'",
"s",
"reg"
] | 878,484 |
@ 000 volts registered. the volt / ampera family of vehicles is the world's all @ - @ time best @ - @ selling plug @ - @ in hybrid vehicle as of march 2016. the volt operates as a pure battery electric vehicle until its battery capacity drops to a predetermined threshold from full charge. from there its internal combustion engine powers an electric generator to extend the vehicle's range as needed. when the engine is running it may be periodically mechanically linked ( by a clutch ) to a planetary gear set, and hence the output drive axle, to improve energy efficiency. the volt's reg
| 1,628 |
[
"##ener",
"##ative",
"braking",
"also",
"contributes",
"to",
"the",
"on",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"board",
"electricity",
"generation",
".",
"under",
"the",
"united",
"states",
"environmental",
"protection",
"agency",
"(",
"epa",
")",
"cycle",
",",
"the",
"2013",
"/",
"15",
"model",
"year",
"vol",
"##t",
"all",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"electric",
"range",
"is",
"38",
"mi",
"(",
"61",
"km",
")",
",",
"with",
"a",
"combined",
"electric",
"mode",
"/",
"gasoline",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"only",
"rating",
"of",
"62",
"mp",
"##g",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"us",
"(",
"3",
"@",
".",
"@",
"8",
"l",
"/",
"100",
"km",
";",
"74",
"mp",
"##g",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"imp",
")",
"equivalent",
"(",
"mp",
"##g",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"equivalent",
")",
".",
"the",
"second",
"generation",
"vol",
"##t",
"improved",
"battery",
"system",
"and",
"drive",
"##train",
"increased",
"the",
"all",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"electric",
"range",
"to",
"53",
"miles",
"(",
"85",
"km",
")",
",",
"its",
"epa",
"rated"
] | 878,485 |
##enerative braking also contributes to the on @ - @ board electricity generation. under the united states environmental protection agency ( epa ) cycle, the 2013 / 15 model year volt all @ - @ electric range is 38 mi ( 61 km ), with a combined electric mode / gasoline @ - @ only rating of 62 mpg @ - @ us ( 3 @. @ 8 l / 100 km ; 74 mpg @ - @ imp ) equivalent ( mpg @ - @ equivalent ). the second generation volt improved battery system and drivetrain increased the all @ - @ electric range to 53 miles ( 85 km ), its epa rated
| 1,594 |
[
"fuel",
"economy",
"in",
"charge",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"sustaining",
"mode",
"to",
"42",
"mp",
"##g",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"us",
"(",
"5",
"@",
".",
"@",
"6",
"l",
"/",
"100",
"km",
";",
"50",
"mp",
"##g",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"imp",
")",
",",
"and",
"the",
"combined",
"city",
"/",
"highway",
"fuel",
"economy",
"in",
"all",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"electric",
"mode",
"to",
"106",
"mp",
"##g",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"e",
",",
"up",
"from",
"98",
"mp",
"##g",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"e",
".",
"deliveries",
"to",
"retail",
"customers",
"in",
"the",
"u",
".",
"s",
".",
"and",
"canada",
"began",
"in",
"october",
"2015",
"as",
"a",
"2016",
"model",
"year",
".",
"the",
"vol",
"##t",
"has",
"won",
"several",
"awards",
",",
"including",
"the",
"2009",
"green",
"car",
"vision",
"award",
",",
"2011",
"green",
"car",
"of",
"the",
"year",
",",
"2011",
"north",
"american",
"car",
"of",
"the",
"year",
",",
"2011",
"world",
"green",
"car"
] | 878,486 |
fuel economy in charge @ - @ sustaining mode to 42 mpg @ - @ us ( 5 @. @ 6 l / 100 km ; 50 mpg @ - @ imp ), and the combined city / highway fuel economy in all @ - @ electric mode to 106 mpg @ - @ e, up from 98 mpg @ - @ e. deliveries to retail customers in the u. s. and canada began in october 2015 as a 2016 model year. the volt has won several awards, including the 2009 green car vision award, 2011 green car of the year, 2011 north american car of the year, 2011 world green car
| 1,042 |
[
",",
"2012",
"european",
"car",
"of",
"the",
"year",
",",
"and",
"2016",
"green",
"car",
"of",
"the",
"year",
".",
"controversies",
"regarding",
"the",
"vol",
"##t",
"include",
"the",
"extent",
"to",
"which",
"the",
"u",
".",
"s",
".",
"federal",
"government",
"may",
"have",
"participated",
"in",
"the",
"vol",
"##t",
"’",
"s",
"development",
",",
"which",
"continued",
"through",
"general",
"motors",
"'",
"2009",
"government",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"led",
"bankruptcy",
",",
"and",
"concerns",
"about",
"the",
"battery",
"pack",
"fire",
"risk",
"following",
"a",
"crash",
"test",
"that",
"the",
"national",
"highway",
"traffic",
"safety",
"administration",
"(",
"nh",
"##tsa",
")",
"performed",
"on",
"a",
"vol",
"##t",
"in",
"2011",
".",
"at",
"the",
"completion",
"of",
"its",
"investigation",
"nh",
"##tsa",
"concluded",
"that",
"no",
"disc",
"##ern",
"##ible",
"defect",
"trend",
"exists",
".",
"=",
"=",
"terminology",
"=",
"=",
"the",
"society",
"of",
"automotive",
"engineers",
"'",
"(",
"sa",
"##e",
")",
"definition",
"of",
"a",
"hybrid",
"vehicle",
"states"
] | 878,487 |
, 2012 european car of the year, and 2016 green car of the year. controversies regarding the volt include the extent to which the u. s. federal government may have participated in the volt ’ s development, which continued through general motors'2009 government @ - @ led bankruptcy, and concerns about the battery pack fire risk following a crash test that the national highway traffic safety administration ( nhtsa ) performed on a volt in 2011. at the completion of its investigation nhtsa concluded that no discernible defect trend exists. = = terminology = = the society of automotive engineers'( sae ) definition of a hybrid vehicle states
| 1,042 |
[
"that",
"the",
"vehicle",
"shall",
"have",
"\"",
"two",
"or",
"more",
"energy",
"storage",
"systems",
"both",
"of",
"which",
"must",
"provide",
"propulsion",
"power",
",",
"either",
"together",
"or",
"independently",
".",
"\"",
"general",
"motors",
"has",
"avoided",
"the",
"use",
"of",
"the",
"term",
"\"",
"hybrid",
"\"",
"when",
"describing",
"its",
"vol",
"##tec",
"designs",
",",
"even",
"after",
"the",
"car",
"##maker",
"revealed",
"that",
"in",
"some",
"cases",
"the",
"combustion",
"engine",
"provided",
"some",
"assist",
"at",
"high",
"speeds",
"or",
"to",
"improve",
"performance",
".",
"instead",
"general",
"motors",
"describes",
"the",
"vol",
"##t",
"as",
"an",
"electric",
"vehicle",
"equipped",
"with",
"a",
"\"",
"range",
"extending",
"\"",
"gasoline",
"powered",
"internal",
"combustion",
"engine",
"(",
"ice",
")",
"as",
"a",
"gen",
"##set",
"and",
"therefore",
"dubbed",
"the",
"vol",
"##t",
"an",
"\"",
"extended",
"range",
"electric",
"vehicle",
"\"",
"or",
"e",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"rev",
".",
"in",
"a",
"january",
"2011",
"interview",
",",
"the",
"chevy",
"vol"
] | 878,488 |
that the vehicle shall have " two or more energy storage systems both of which must provide propulsion power, either together or independently. " general motors has avoided the use of the term " hybrid " when describing its voltec designs, even after the carmaker revealed that in some cases the combustion engine provided some assist at high speeds or to improve performance. instead general motors describes the volt as an electric vehicle equipped with a " range extending " gasoline powered internal combustion engine ( ice ) as a genset and therefore dubbed the volt an " extended range electric vehicle " or e @ - @ rev. in a january 2011 interview, the chevy vol
| 1,628 |
[
"##t",
"'",
"s",
"global",
"chief",
"engineer",
",",
"pamela",
"fletcher",
",",
"referred",
"to",
"the",
"vol",
"##t",
"as",
"\"",
"an",
"electric",
"car",
"with",
"extended",
"range",
".",
"\"",
"according",
"to",
"the",
"society",
"of",
"automotive",
"engineers",
"(",
"sa",
"##e",
")",
"definitions",
",",
"the",
"vol",
"##t",
"is",
"a",
"plug",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"in",
"hybrid",
"vehicle",
",",
"due",
"to",
"the",
"combination",
"of",
"an",
"internal",
"combustion",
"engine",
"and",
"two",
"electric",
"motors",
",",
"along",
"with",
"a",
"battery",
"that",
"can",
"accept",
"off",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"board",
"energy",
".",
"the",
"vol",
"##t",
"operates",
"as",
"a",
"purely",
"electric",
"vehicle",
"for",
"the",
"first",
"25",
"to",
"50",
"miles",
"(",
"40",
"to",
"80",
"km",
")",
"in",
"charge",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"de",
"##ple",
"##ting",
"mode",
".",
"when",
"the",
"battery",
"capacity",
"drops",
"below",
"a",
"pre",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"established",
"threshold",
"from",
"full",
"charge",
","
] | 878,489 |
##t's global chief engineer, pamela fletcher, referred to the volt as " an electric car with extended range. " according to the society of automotive engineers ( sae ) definitions, the volt is a plug @ - @ in hybrid vehicle, due to the combination of an internal combustion engine and two electric motors, along with a battery that can accept off @ - @ board energy. the volt operates as a purely electric vehicle for the first 25 to 50 miles ( 40 to 80 km ) in charge @ - @ depleting mode. when the battery capacity drops below a pre @ - @ established threshold from full charge,
| 1,628 |
[
"the",
"vehicle",
"enters",
"charge",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"sustaining",
"mode",
",",
"and",
"the",
"vol",
"##t",
"'",
"s",
"control",
"system",
"will",
"select",
"the",
"most",
"optimal",
"##ly",
"efficient",
"drive",
"mode",
"to",
"improve",
"performance",
"and",
"boost",
"high",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"speed",
"efficiency",
".",
"=",
"=",
"=",
"concept",
"vehicle",
"=",
"=",
"=",
"the",
"chevrolet",
"vol",
"##t",
"concept",
"car",
"debuted",
"at",
"the",
"january",
"2007",
"north",
"american",
"international",
"auto",
"show",
",",
"becoming",
"the",
"first",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"ever",
"series",
"plug",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"in",
"hybrid",
"concept",
"car",
"shown",
"by",
"a",
"major",
"car",
"manufacturer",
".",
"the",
"vol",
"##t",
"concept",
"vehicle",
"had",
"four",
"doors",
"with",
"a",
"rear",
"lift",
"##gate",
"and",
"seating",
"for",
"four",
"passengers",
".",
"this",
"was",
"a",
"significant",
"change",
"in",
"design",
"when",
"compared",
"to",
"the",
"general",
"motors",
"ev",
"##1",
"of",
"the",
"1990s",
",",
"which",
"only",
"seated"
] | 878,490 |
the vehicle enters charge @ - @ sustaining mode, and the volt's control system will select the most optimally efficient drive mode to improve performance and boost high @ - @ speed efficiency. = = = concept vehicle = = = the chevrolet volt concept car debuted at the january 2007 north american international auto show, becoming the first @ - @ ever series plug @ - @ in hybrid concept car shown by a major car manufacturer. the volt concept vehicle had four doors with a rear liftgate and seating for four passengers. this was a significant change in design when compared to the general motors ev1 of the 1990s, which only seated
| 1,042 |
[
"two",
"to",
"reduce",
"weight",
"and",
"to",
"make",
"the",
"necessary",
"room",
"for",
"the",
"lead",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"acid",
"battery",
"pack",
".",
"the",
"top",
"speed",
"was",
"also",
"increased",
"on",
"the",
"vol",
"##t",
",",
"from",
"the",
"electronically",
"limited",
"80",
"miles",
"per",
"hour",
"(",
"130",
"km",
"/",
"h",
")",
"to",
"100",
"miles",
"per",
"hour",
"(",
"160",
"km",
"/",
"h",
")",
".",
"the",
"battery",
"pack",
"size",
"was",
"reduced",
",",
"from",
"about",
"10",
"@",
".",
"@",
"6",
"cu",
"ft",
"(",
"300",
"l",
")",
"in",
"volume",
"in",
"the",
"ev",
"##1",
",",
"to",
"3",
"@",
".",
"@",
"5",
"cu",
"ft",
"(",
"100",
"l",
")",
"in",
"the",
"vol",
"##t",
".",
"general",
"motors",
"'",
"then",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"vice",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"chairman",
"robert",
"lu",
"##tz",
"said",
"the",
"two",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"seater",
"sports",
"car",
"being",
"developed",
"by"
] | 878,491 |
two to reduce weight and to make the necessary room for the lead @ - @ acid battery pack. the top speed was also increased on the volt, from the electronically limited 80 miles per hour ( 130 km / h ) to 100 miles per hour ( 160 km / h ). the battery pack size was reduced, from about 10 @. @ 6 cu ft ( 300 l ) in volume in the ev1, to 3 @. @ 5 cu ft ( 100 l ) in the volt. general motors'then @ - @ vice @ - @ chairman robert lutz said the two @ - @ seater sports car being developed by
| 1,042 |
[
"tesla",
",",
"the",
"tesla",
"roads",
"##ter",
",",
"and",
"the",
"rapid",
"advancement",
"of",
"lithium",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"ion",
"battery",
"technology",
"inspired",
"him",
"to",
"push",
"the",
"car",
"##maker",
"to",
"develop",
"the",
"vol",
"##t",
"after",
"the",
"2006",
"detroit",
"auto",
"show",
".",
"lu",
"##tz",
"'",
"s",
"initial",
"idea",
"was",
"to",
"develop",
"an",
"all",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"electric",
"car",
",",
"but",
"jon",
"lau",
"##ck",
"##ner",
",",
"general",
"motors",
"vice",
"president",
"for",
"global",
"vehicle",
"development",
",",
"convinced",
"him",
"that",
"to",
"avoid",
"an",
"expensive",
"battery",
",",
"range",
"anxiety",
"concerns",
",",
"and",
"lack",
"of",
"public",
"charging",
"infrastructure",
",",
"they",
"could",
"use",
"a",
"smaller",
"battery",
"pack",
"with",
"a",
"small",
"gasoline",
"engine",
"driving",
"a",
"generator",
"acting",
"as",
"a",
"backup",
"to",
"extend",
"the",
"range",
",",
"but",
"without",
"a",
"mechanical",
"connection",
"between",
"the",
"gasoline",
"engine",
"and",
"the",
"drive",
"wheels",
","
] | 878,492 |
tesla, the tesla roadster, and the rapid advancement of lithium @ - @ ion battery technology inspired him to push the carmaker to develop the volt after the 2006 detroit auto show. lutz's initial idea was to develop an all @ - @ electric car, but jon lauckner, general motors vice president for global vehicle development, convinced him that to avoid an expensive battery, range anxiety concerns, and lack of public charging infrastructure, they could use a smaller battery pack with a small gasoline engine driving a generator acting as a backup to extend the range, but without a mechanical connection between the gasoline engine and the drive wheels,
| 1,814 |
[
"so",
"it",
"would",
"be",
"a",
"pure",
"electrically",
"driven",
"vehicle",
"without",
"many",
"of",
"the",
"limitations",
"general",
"motors",
"learned",
"from",
"the",
"ev",
"##1",
"experience",
".",
"most",
"of",
"the",
"vol",
"##t",
"initial",
"design",
"parameters",
"defined",
"for",
"the",
"development",
"of",
"the",
"concept",
"car",
",",
"then",
"referred",
"as",
"the",
"\"",
"ic",
"##ar",
"\"",
"in",
"homage",
"to",
"the",
"ipod",
",",
"were",
"kept",
"throughout",
"the",
"process",
"up",
"to",
"the",
"final",
"production",
"version",
".",
"a",
"key",
"design",
"parameter",
"was",
"a",
"target",
"of",
"40",
"miles",
"(",
"64",
"km",
")",
"for",
"the",
"all",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"electric",
"range",
",",
"selected",
"to",
"keep",
"the",
"battery",
"size",
"small",
"and",
"lower",
"costs",
",",
"and",
"mainly",
"because",
"research",
"showed",
"that",
"in",
"the",
"u",
".",
"s",
".",
"78",
"percent",
"of",
"daily",
"commuter",
"##s",
"travel",
"40",
"miles",
"or",
"less",
".",
"this",
"target",
"range",
"would"
] | 878,493 |
so it would be a pure electrically driven vehicle without many of the limitations general motors learned from the ev1 experience. most of the volt initial design parameters defined for the development of the concept car, then referred as the " icar " in homage to the ipod, were kept throughout the process up to the final production version. a key design parameter was a target of 40 miles ( 64 km ) for the all @ - @ electric range, selected to keep the battery size small and lower costs, and mainly because research showed that in the u. s. 78 percent of daily commuters travel 40 miles or less. this target range would
| 1,585 |
[
"allow",
"most",
"travel",
"to",
"be",
"accomplished",
"electrically",
"driven",
"and",
"the",
"assumption",
"was",
"made",
"that",
"charging",
"will",
"take",
"place",
"at",
"home",
"overnight",
".",
"this",
"requirement",
"translated",
"using",
"a",
"lithium",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"ion",
"battery",
"pack",
"with",
"an",
"energy",
"storage",
"capacity",
"of",
"16",
"kw",
"##h",
"considering",
"that",
"the",
"battery",
"would",
"be",
"used",
"until",
"the",
"state",
"of",
"charge",
"(",
"soc",
")",
"of",
"the",
"battery",
"reached",
"30",
"%",
".",
"this",
"limit",
"to",
"the",
"soc",
"was",
"necessary",
"in",
"order",
"to",
"maintain",
"operational",
"performance",
"under",
"a",
"wide",
"range",
"of",
"environments",
",",
"and",
"to",
"minimize",
"the",
"battery",
"degradation",
"to",
"allow",
"at",
"least",
"a",
"ten",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"year",
"life",
"span",
".",
"the",
"initial",
"target",
"range",
"for",
"the",
"gasoline",
"engine",
"/",
"generator",
"was",
"set",
"between",
"250",
"to",
"300",
"miles",
"(",
"400",
"to",
"480",
"km",
")",
"and"
] | 878,494 |
allow most travel to be accomplished electrically driven and the assumption was made that charging will take place at home overnight. this requirement translated using a lithium @ - @ ion battery pack with an energy storage capacity of 16 kwh considering that the battery would be used until the state of charge ( soc ) of the battery reached 30 %. this limit to the soc was necessary in order to maintain operational performance under a wide range of environments, and to minimize the battery degradation to allow at least a ten @ - @ year life span. the initial target range for the gasoline engine / generator was set between 250 to 300 miles ( 400 to 480 km ) and
| 1,814 |
[
"the",
"vehicle",
"had",
"to",
"be",
"family",
"size",
"for",
"four",
"or",
"five",
"passengers",
".",
"another",
"key",
"design",
"decision",
"was",
"to",
"develop",
"the",
"concept",
"car",
"based",
"on",
"a",
"new",
"family",
"of",
"common",
"power",
"##train",
"components",
"for",
"electric",
"propulsion",
",",
"which",
"initially",
"was",
"called",
"the",
"e",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"flex",
"systems",
",",
"“",
"e",
"”",
"stands",
"for",
"electric",
"drive",
"and",
"“",
"flex",
"”",
"for",
"the",
"different",
"sources",
"of",
"electricity",
",",
"but",
"later",
"was",
"renamed",
"vol",
"##tec",
"drive",
"system",
".",
"the",
"e",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"flex",
"or",
"vol",
"##tec",
"power",
"##train",
"is",
"an",
"attempt",
"to",
"standard",
"##ize",
"many",
"components",
"of",
"possible",
"future",
"electrically",
"propelled",
"vehicles",
",",
"and",
"to",
"allow",
"multiple",
"interchange",
"##able",
"electricity",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"generating",
"systems",
".",
"the",
"e",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"flex",
"power",
"##train",
"has",
"the",
"potential",
"to",
"adapt"
] | 878,495 |
the vehicle had to be family size for four or five passengers. another key design decision was to develop the concept car based on a new family of common powertrain components for electric propulsion, which initially was called the e @ - @ flex systems, “ e ” stands for electric drive and “ flex ” for the different sources of electricity, but later was renamed voltec drive system. the e @ - @ flex or voltec powertrain is an attempt to standardize many components of possible future electrically propelled vehicles, and to allow multiple interchangeable electricity @ - @ generating systems. the e @ - @ flex powertrain has the potential to adapt
| 1,595 |
[
"the",
"vehicles",
"to",
"pure",
"battery",
"electric",
",",
"to",
"fuel",
"cell",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"powered",
"or",
"to",
"several",
"other",
"sources",
"of",
"energy",
"to",
"create",
"electricity",
"on",
"board",
",",
"such",
"as",
"engine",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"generator",
"sets",
"(",
"gen",
"##set",
")",
"fueled",
"by",
"gasoline",
",",
"diesel",
",",
"bio",
"##dies",
"##el",
",",
"ethanol",
"fuel",
"(",
"e",
"##100",
")",
",",
"or",
"flex",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"fuel",
"(",
"e",
"##85",
")",
".",
"reg",
"##ener",
"##ative",
"braking",
"would",
"also",
"contribute",
"to",
"the",
"on",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"board",
"electricity",
"generation",
".",
"on",
"october",
"2006",
"the",
"e",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"flex",
"power",
"##train",
"was",
"selected",
"for",
"the",
"new",
"propulsion",
"architecture",
"and",
"the",
"name",
"vol",
"##t",
"was",
"chosen",
"by",
"general",
"motors",
".",
"the",
"vol",
"##t",
"concept",
"car",
"became",
"the",
"first",
"application",
"of",
"the",
"e",
"@",
"-",
"@"
] | 878,496 |
the vehicles to pure battery electric, to fuel cell @ - @ powered or to several other sources of energy to create electricity on board, such as engine @ - @ generator sets ( genset ) fueled by gasoline, diesel, biodiesel, ethanol fuel ( e100 ), or flex @ - @ fuel ( e85 ). regenerative braking would also contribute to the on @ - @ board electricity generation. on october 2006 the e @ - @ flex powertrain was selected for the new propulsion architecture and the name volt was chosen by general motors. the volt concept car became the first application of the e @ - @
| 1,630 |
[
"flex",
"(",
"vol",
"##tec",
")",
"drive",
"system",
"with",
"a",
"combination",
"of",
"an",
"electric",
"motor",
",",
"the",
"same",
"used",
"in",
"the",
"chevrolet",
"e",
"##quin",
"##ox",
"fuel",
"cell",
",",
"a",
"16",
"kw",
"·",
"h",
"(",
"58",
"m",
"##j",
")",
"lithium",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"ion",
"battery",
"pack",
"with",
"136",
"kw",
"of",
"peak",
"power",
",",
"and",
"a",
"gen",
"##set",
"consisting",
"of",
"a",
"small",
"1",
"@",
".",
"@",
"0",
"l",
",",
"3",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"cylinder",
"turbo",
"##charged",
"flex",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"fuel",
"capable",
"engine",
"linked",
"to",
"a",
"53",
"kw",
"(",
"71",
"hp",
")",
"generator",
".",
"general",
"motors",
"called",
"this",
"gen",
"##set",
"an",
"electric",
"vehicle",
"(",
"ev",
")",
"range",
"extend",
"##er",
".",
"the",
"vehicle",
"was",
"propelled",
"by",
"an",
"electric",
"motor",
"with",
"a",
"peak",
"output",
"of",
"120",
"kw",
"(",
"160",
"hp",
")",
"delivering",
"236"
] | 878,497 |
flex ( voltec ) drive system with a combination of an electric motor, the same used in the chevrolet equinox fuel cell, a 16 kw · h ( 58 mj ) lithium @ - @ ion battery pack with 136 kw of peak power, and a genset consisting of a small 1 @. @ 0 l, 3 @ - @ cylinder turbocharged flex @ - @ fuel capable engine linked to a 53 kw ( 71 hp ) generator. general motors called this genset an electric vehicle ( ev ) range extender. the vehicle was propelled by an electric motor with a peak output of 120 kw ( 160 hp ) delivering 236
| 1,857 |
[
"lb",
"ft",
"(",
"320",
"nm",
")",
"of",
"motor",
"##ing",
"torque",
".",
"the",
"concept",
"car",
"featured",
"several",
"advanced",
"materials",
"from",
"ge",
"automotive",
"plastics",
"which",
"allowed",
"gm",
"to",
"reduce",
"the",
"vehicle",
"weight",
"up",
"to",
"50",
"percent",
".",
"the",
"vol",
"##t",
"concept",
"featured",
"a",
"12",
"us",
"gal",
"(",
"45",
"l",
";",
"10",
"@",
".",
"@",
"0",
"imp",
"gal",
")",
"fuel",
"capacity",
"providing",
"the",
"vehicle",
"a",
"total",
"driving",
"range",
"of",
"around",
"640",
"mi",
"(",
"1",
"@",
",",
"@",
"03",
"##0",
"km",
")",
",",
"which",
"considered",
"a",
"gasoline",
"fuel",
"efficiency",
"of",
"about",
"50",
"mp",
"##g",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"us",
"(",
"4",
"@",
".",
"@",
"7",
"l",
"/",
"100",
"km",
";",
"60",
"mp",
"##g",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"imp",
")",
"and",
"a",
"40",
"mi",
"(",
"64",
"km",
")",
"all",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"electric",
"range",
"."
] | 878,498 |
lb ft ( 320 nm ) of motoring torque. the concept car featured several advanced materials from ge automotive plastics which allowed gm to reduce the vehicle weight up to 50 percent. the volt concept featured a 12 us gal ( 45 l ; 10 @. @ 0 imp gal ) fuel capacity providing the vehicle a total driving range of around 640 mi ( 1 @, @ 030 km ), which considered a gasoline fuel efficiency of about 50 mpg @ - @ us ( 4 @. @ 7 l / 100 km ; 60 mpg @ - @ imp ) and a 40 mi ( 64 km ) all @ - @ electric range.
| 1,531 |
[
"according",
"to",
"general",
"motors",
"estimates",
",",
"a",
"daily",
"drive",
"of",
"60",
"mi",
"(",
"97",
"km",
")",
",",
"combined",
"with",
"an",
"overnight",
"rec",
"##har",
"##ge",
"to",
"support",
"the",
"first",
"40",
"all",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"electric",
"miles",
",",
"would",
"yield",
"an",
"effective",
"gasoline",
"fuel",
"economy",
"of",
"150",
"mp",
"##g",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"us",
"(",
"1",
"@",
".",
"@",
"6",
"l",
"/",
"100",
"km",
";",
"180",
"mp",
"##g",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"imp",
")",
".",
"general",
"motors",
"also",
"emphasized",
"that",
"the",
"vol",
"##t",
"would",
"further",
"reduce",
"dependence",
"on",
"imported",
"oil",
"if",
"e",
"##85",
"ethanol",
"was",
"used",
"instead",
"of",
"gasoline",
"to",
"power",
"the",
"on",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"board",
"generator",
"engine",
".",
"robert",
"lu",
"##tz",
"added",
"that",
"if",
"the",
"driver",
"used",
"e",
"##85",
",",
"\"",
"the",
"fuel",
"economy",
"figure",
"became",
"525",
"miles",
"per",
"("
] | 878,499 |
according to general motors estimates, a daily drive of 60 mi ( 97 km ), combined with an overnight recharge to support the first 40 all @ - @ electric miles, would yield an effective gasoline fuel economy of 150 mpg @ - @ us ( 1 @. @ 6 l / 100 km ; 180 mpg @ - @ imp ). general motors also emphasized that the volt would further reduce dependence on imported oil if e85 ethanol was used instead of gasoline to power the on @ - @ board generator engine. robert lutz added that if the driver used e85, " the fuel economy figure became 525 miles per (
| 1,630 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.