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Please write an abstract with title: High performance atmospheric plasma abatement system for PFC reduction, and key words: Plasma applications, Electronics industry, Plasma waves, Etching, Cleaning, Costs, High power microwave generation, Electromagnetic heating, Gases, Combustion. Abstract: Newly developed atmospheric plasma abatement system is suitable to an abatement for single tool of oxide etcher and plasma enhanced CVD for chamber cleaning. Optimized performance of microwave plasma cavity enables to treat up to 80 L/min of CF/sub 4/ exhaust with 95% of DRE at the maximum power of 5.9 kW. This system is applicable to the flow rate range of 40 L/min to 80 L/min. We believe that our proposed plasma abatement system meets semiconductor industry requirements of minimizing COO for PFC reduction.
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501 |
Please write an abstract with title: Business process simulation with IT depth, and key words: Business, Performance analysis, Computational modeling, Humans, Performance gain, Unified modeling language, Laboratories, Costs, Capacity planning, Machinery. Abstract: We propose a framework for modeling and simulating business processes with IT depth. This enables both business level and IT level users to be supported by a common approach, by developing the models at different levels of granularity. We believe that such a common approach also progress us toward reducing the gap between business and IT. This approach can be used by business users to analyze a business process to gain insight into the business process and analyze the tradeoffs between different key performance indicators. It can also be used by IT users to analyze the business process at an IT level to gain insight to the tradeoffs between performance and cost and analyze the infrastructure for sizing and capacity planning
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502 |
Please write an abstract with title: Layered multi-agent architecture with dynamic reconfigurability, and key words: Computer architecture, Aerodynamics, Software systems, Motion control, Motion planning, Scalability, Software safety, Mobile robots, Computational modeling, Multiagent systems. Abstract: This paper presents the software system architecture with the dynamic reconfigurability for highly autonomous systems. The proposed architecture is based on multi-agent model, which is suitable for autonomous, open and distributed systems. Since an agent is too sophisticated as the minimal component that we handle, we define a unit as a simple component of an agent. We present the advanced capability to dynamically reconfigure autonomous systems because their goals and environments vary frequently. We determine the specification of units and agents in order to analyze the behavior of overall system and to implement the dynamic reconfiguration as easy and simple as possible. In this paper, we also discuss the method to guarantee the system behavior during the dynamic reconfiguration in order to operate the robotic system without a hitch at any time, especially while reconfiguring.
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503 |
Please write an abstract with title: A new concept on remote sensing of cirrus optical depth and effective ice particle size using strong water vapor absorption channels near 1.38 and 1.88 /spl mu/m, and key words: Remote sensing, Optical sensors, Ice, Optical scattering, Clouds, Water pollution, Particle scattering, Electromagnetic wave absorption, Atmospheric modeling, Contamination. Abstract: Techniques for retrieving cloud optical properties, i.e., the optical depths and particle size distributions, using atmospheric "window" channels in the visible and near-infrared spectral regions are well established. For partially transparent thin cirrus clouds, these "window" channels receive solar radiances scattered by the surface and lower level water clouds. Accurate retrieval of optical properties of thin cirrus clouds requires proper modeling of the effects from the surface and the lower level water clouds. In this paper, we describe a new concept using two strong water vapor absorption channels near 1.38 and 1.88 /spl mu/m, together with one window channel, for remote sensing of cirrus optical properties. Both the 1.38- and 1.88-/spl mu/m channels are highly sensitive in detecting the upper level cirrus clouds. Both channels receive little scattered solar radiances from the surface and lower level water clouds because of the strong water vapor absorption below cirrus. The 1.88-/spl mu/m channel is quite sensitive to changes in ice particle size distributions, while the 1.38-/spl mu/m channel is less sensitive. These properties allow for simultaneous retrievals of optical depths and particle size distributions of cirrus clouds with minimal contaminations from the surface and lower level water clouds. Preliminary tests of this new concept are made using hyperspectral imaging data collected with the Airborne Visible Infrared Imaging Spectrometer. The addition of a channel near 1.88 /spl mu/m to future multichannel meteorological satellite sensors would improve our ability in global remote sensing of cirrus optical properties.
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504 |
Please write an abstract with title: Mode-locking dynamics in electrically driven vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting lasers, and key words: Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers, Laser mode locking, Surface emitting lasers, Semiconductor lasers, Equations, Mirrors, Time domain analysis, Quantum well lasers, Delay, Boundary conditions. Abstract: We develop a novel description of electrically driven vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting semiconductor lasers (VECSELs) mode-locked by saturable absorber mirrors. Our approach is based on an analytical solution of the bidirectional traveling-wave equations for fundamental transverse mode operation. The resulting time-domain equations describe the evolution of the electric fields and carrier-densities at the quantum-well layers of the emitter and absorber structures which are coupled through delayed boundary conditions. For the design considered, we obtain stable mode-locked pulses of few tens of picoseconds at 15-GHz repetition rate in agreement with recently reported experimental results.
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505 |
Please write an abstract with title: Energy and Data Efficient Photonic Time Stretch Imaging, and key words: Diffraction, Big Data, Optical imaging, Reservoirs, Diffraction gratings, Ultrafast optics, Optical sensors. Abstract: Ultrafast single-pixel optical imaging based on photonic time stretch has become an indispensable tool for high-throughput operations. This paper reviews recent advances in improving the energy and data efficiency of the system using optical approaches. © 2021 The Author(s)
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506 |
Please write an abstract with title: Stability of the superconductive operating mode in high current-density devices, and key words: Stability, Superconductivity, Temperature, Wheels, Superconducting devices, Conductors, Potential well, Size measurement, Geometry, Gravity. Abstract: The superconductive operating mode represents a thermal equilibrium that can tolerate a certain amount of disturbance before it is lost. The basin of attraction (BOA), in many ways equivalent to a potential well, is a measure of the size of disturbance needed to lift the device from the superconductive into a resistive operating mode. The BOA for a simple geometry is calculated and discussed. Experimental results are reported, showing how the concept is used to gain information on the disturbances occurring in a superconducting device.
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507 |
Please write an abstract with title: Heat dissipation for high power optically pumped semiconductor vertical external cavity surface emitting lasers, and key words: Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers, Heat pumps, Stimulated emission, Optical pumping, Laser excitation, Power lasers, Pump lasers, Semiconductor lasers, Surface emitting lasers, Substrates. Abstract: This paper investigates several methods for substrate removal and sample mounting. In comparing mounting methods and processing techniques, it is found that indium solder used in conjunction with substrate removal is effective for heat extraction from VECSELs material. Future use of CVD diamond should improve heat transfer due to its superior thermal conductivity.
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508 |
Please write an abstract with title: Challenges in predicting glioma survival time in multi-modal deep networks, and key words: Three-dimensional displays, Two dimensional displays, Magnetic resonance imaging, Data models, Training, Bioinformatics, Genomics. Abstract: Prediction of cancer survival time is of considerable interest in medicine as it leads to better patient care and reduces health care costs. In this study, we propose a multi-path multimodal neural network that predicts Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) survival time at the 14 months threshold. We obtained image, gene expression, and SNP variants from whole-exome sequences all from the The Cancer Genome Atlas portal for a total of 126 patients. We perform a 10-fold cross-validation experiment on each of the data sources separately as well as the model with all data combined. From post-contrast Tl MRI data, we used 3D scans and 2D slices that we selected manually to show the tumor region. We find that the model with 2D MRI slices and genomic data combined gives the highest accuracies over individual sources but by a modest margin. We see considerable variation in accuracies across the 10 folds and that our model achieves 100% accuracy on the training data but lags behind in test accuracy. With dropout our training accuracy falls considerably. This shows that predicting glioma survival time is a challenging task but it is unclear if this is also a symptom of insufficient data. A clear direction here is to augment our data that we plan to explore with generative models. Overall we present a novel multi-modal network that incorporates SNP, gene expression, and MRI image data for glioma survival time prediction.
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509 |
Please write an abstract with title: EWSD, A Real-Time Communication System with High-Level Language Software, and key words: Real time systems, High level languages, Communication system software, Switching systems, Software tools, Application software, Computer languages, Telephony, Hardware, Computer architecture. Abstract: The wide range of applications and requirements and the increasing software size in communication systems encourage the use of high-level programming languages. For SPC telephone switching systems, CCITT recommends the language CHILL. One of the first public switching systems to use CHILL is EWSD, developed by Siemens for the world market. The hardware architecture of EWSD, being the basis for resolving the real-time requirements, is described as a two-level processing approach. The software is structured according to the concept of various layers and virtual machines. In order to support the development and test of CHILL software, a number of tools known as support software had to be developed.
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510 |
Please write an abstract with title: Analysis and Suppression of the DC Side Oscillation for MMC Based VSC-HVDC System, and key words: Renewable energy sources, HVDC transmission, Simulation, Switches, Power system harmonics, Harmonic analysis, Valves. Abstract: Due to the fast control and switching behaviours of the power electronics-based converters, there are potential interactions between VSC-HVDC systems and the AC grid as well as other power electronics equipment. These oscillation phenomena have been observed in the practical HVDC project while few DC side oscillation was reported. In this paper, the DC side oscillation in VSC-HVDC system is analysed and a suppression strategy implemented in valve control for MMC is proposed consdering the limited signals acquisition. The proposed suppression strategy is validated by offline simulations in PSCAD/EMTDC. The records of the DC current oscillation in the DPT/FAT for the practical project by using actual control and protection equipment with real-time simulator is presented and the suppression strategy is also verified. The offline EMT simulation results and the DPT/FAT results show that the proposed strategy can suppress the DC side oscillation effectively and it has been used in the practical HVDC project.
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511 |
Please write an abstract with title: IrisNet: an architecture for a worldwide sensor Web, and key words: Service oriented architecture, Computer architecture, IP networks, Web and internet services, Sensor systems, Distributed power generation, Power generation, Personal communication networks, Feeds, Spine. Abstract: We discuss about the IrisNet (Internet-scale resource-intensive sensor network services) project at Intel Research, we design an architecture and build a system that enable easy deployment of such wide-area sensing services. We aim to provide the missing software components for realizing a worldwide sensor Web. Wide-area architectures for pervasive sensing enable a new generation of powerful distributed sensing services. A worldwide sensor Web, in which users can query, as a single unit, vast quantities of data from thousands or even millions of widely distributed, heterogeneous sensors. Internet-connected PCs that source sensor feeds and cooperate to answer users' queries will form the global sensor Web's backbone. Developers of wide-area sensing services (service authors) deploy the services on this distributed infrastructure.
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512 |
Please write an abstract with title: A Bridge Home: The Use of the Internet by Transnational Communities of Immigrants, and key words: Bridges, Internet, History, Physics computing, Cities and towns, Urban areas, Displays, Communications technology. Abstract: For decades transnational communities of immigrants have used various forms of communication to maintain ties with their places of origin. The Internet constitutes an alternative medium through which the sense of community (SOC) can be reinforced and maintained across time and space. Transnational communities of immigrants are creating and enhancing virtual spaces for (re)creating and maintaining a SOC across national borders. This paper reviews research from different disciplines to understand how the Internet is shaping the ability of dispersed national groups to create, preserve and extend their SOC in virtual spaces. The theory of SOC applied to virtual communities provides the frame of reference in which this phenomenon is analysed. Based on our analysis of the literature we argue that the unique characteristics of communities of immigrants — such as shared histories, experiences, common country of origin, and offline interaction — shape the nature and dynamics of their interactions online.
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513 |
Please write an abstract with title: Impact of RhoA overexpression on clinical outcomes in cervical squamous cell carcinoma treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy, and key words: cervical cancer, prognosis, concurrent chemoradiotherapy, RhoA, cell adhesion. Abstract: The Rho-associated coiled-coil-containing protein kinase (ROCK) pathway is known to influence metastasis in several cancers; however, the impact of the pathway on clinical outcomes in patients undergoing radiotherapy remains unknown. In the present study, the expression of RhoA, RhoC, ROCK-1, ROCK-2 and p53 was immunohistochemically evaluated using biopsy specimens obtained from 49 patients with stage II–III cervical squamous cell carcinoma treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). The relationship between the expression of these proteins and patient outcomes was investigated. RhoA overexpression was associated with significantly impaired disease-free survival and distant metastasis-free survival (P = 0.045 and P = 0.041, respectively) in stage III cancer patients. No differences in survival were observed based on the expression of the other proteins among stage III cancer patients. In stage II cancer patients, no differences in survival were noted based on the expression of any of the proteins. The expression of RhoA was able to successfully differentiate cervical cancer patients with distant metastasis after CCRT. This information may help stratify patients according to the risk of metastasis, thereby leading to the potential to provide individualized treatment.
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514 |
Please write an abstract with title: Lightpath rerouting for differentiated services in WDM all-optical networks, and key words: Intelligent networks, Wavelength division multiplexing, WDM networks, All-optical networks, Optical wavelength conversion, Superluminescent diodes, Telecommunication traffic, Circuits, Costs, Computer science. Abstract: Lightpath rerouting is a viable and cost effective solution to improve the network throughput conditioned by the wavelength continuity constraint in all-optical networks. Two traffic classes have been considered referred to as scheduled lightpath demands (SLDs) and random lightpath demands (RLDs). SLDs correspond to high priority traffic whereas RLDs correspond to best effort traffic. An incoming lightpath demand (LD) is rejected when no path-free wavelengths are left in the network to accommodate it. It may happen that by rerouting a certain number of already established LDs, the incoming connection can be set up. In this paper, we propose a new lightpath rerouting algorithm minimizing the amount of rerouted WDM channels. SLD rerouting is forbidden while the establishment of a new RLD may require the rerouting of one or several RLDs. Simulation results show that our algorithm improves the rejection ratio and is less CPU time consuming than rerouting algorithms previously presented in the literature.
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515 |
Please write an abstract with title: 194 369 569.4(5) MHz optical frequency standard based on /sup 13/C/sub 2/H/sub 2/ p(16) saturated line, and key words: Frequency, Optical resonators, Optical saturation, Power lasers, Power generation, Fabry-Perot, Spectroscopy, Absorption, Optical control, Laser transitions. Abstract: A novel, compact, and reliable Er-Yb:glass laser operating at around 1.54 /spl mu/m wavelength was developed, with single-frequency and linearly-polarized output power in excess of 10 mW over a continuous tunability range of 17 nm. An external Fabry-Perot resonator containing a low-pressure acetylene cell was used to perform saturation spectroscopy of different absorptions in the (v/sub 1/+v/sub 3/) rotovibrational band. By using two nested control loops, the laser was frequency locked to the 1 MHz Doppler-free P(16) line of /sup 13/C/sub 2/H/sub 2/ at 1. 543 /spl mu/m wavelength. This particular transition of the acetylene molecule was very recently recommended by the CCL (Comite Consultatif de la Longueur) of the CIPM for the mise en pratique du metre. The frequency stability achieved, as evaluated from the loop error signal, way in the range of /spl plusmn/40 kHz peak-to-peak (/spl Delta/v/v/spl cong/2/spl times/10/sup -10/) and the correspondingly calculated Allan deviation is /spl sigma//sub y/(/spl tau/)<10/sup -11/for integration times /spl tau//spl ges/1 s and remains significantly low, 10/sup -11/70 s. This is the first Italian optical frequency standard in the 1.5 /spl mu/m band, namely at a frequency of 194 369 569.4(5) MHz and it is now ready for international intercomparisons.
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516 |
Please write an abstract with title: On Generalizing Detection Models for Unconstrained Environments, and key words: Head, Task analysis, Proposals, Training, Object detection, Three-dimensional displays, Adaptation models. Abstract: Object detection has seen tremendous progress in recent years. However, current algorithms don't generalize well when tested on diverse data distributions. We address the problem of incremental learning in object detection on the India Driving Dataset (IDD). Our approach involves using multiple domain-specific classifiers and effective transfer learning techniques focussed on avoiding catastrophic forgetting. We evaluate our approach on the IDD and BDD100K dataset. Results show the effectiveness of our domain adaptive approach in the case of domain shifts in environments.
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517 |
Please write an abstract with title: Enhanced Morlet Wavelet-Based Two-Point FIR for Phasor Estimation, and key words: Finite impulse response filters, Interference, Power harmonic filters, Phasor measurement units, Harmonic analysis, Frequency estimation, Filtering theory. Abstract: Recently, a new approach called Morlet wavelet-based two-point FIR (MW-FIR) is proposed for the phasor estimation. Although the approach shows several advantages, it is still not fully compliant with all standard requirements. In this case, the paper proposes the enhanced version of the MW-FIR method to improve immunity against disturbing signals. The estimators are tested under IEC/IEEE 60255-118-1, and compared with other state-of-the-art methods. Results show that the enhanced P-class estimator improves almost all circumstances while the M-class one improves under the most challenging tests, out-of-band interference (OOBI), by around 10% and 20%. Additionally, the enhanced algorithms can reach the best performance without iterations.
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518 |
Please write an abstract with title: Evaluation and application of fresh food safety through storage environment system based on factor analysis, and key words: Environmental factors, Safety, Information and communication technology, Security, Indexes, Monitoring. Abstract: With the gradual development of the fresh food market, food safety issues frequently appear, and the impact of the fresh storage environment on the safety of fresh food has become the focus of research. This paper discusses the possible impact of fresh food in the storage environment, and summarizes the main factors that cause fresh food safety problems. Through the sampling monitoring of fresh food, analyze a series of fresh food index data, use factor analysis to explore the environmental factors affecting fresh food in storage, improve the construction of storage environment system, and effectively prevent fresh food from A security issue occurred during storage.
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519 |
Please write an abstract with title: Performance Evaluation of LUTs in FPGA in Different Circuit Topologies, and key words: Field programmable gate arrays, Multiplexing, Table lookup, MOS devices, Transistors, Topology, Circuit topology. Abstract: Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are the most important device in the field of electronics industry. FPGAs are pre-manufactured chips which could be modified electrically, to turn out to be practically any sort of advanced circuit or frame-work. The highlighting part of FPGA is its architecture which gives a broad idea about their programmable logic functionalities and interconnects. The programmable logic functions can be implemented through logic blocks that can be programmed. The Logic Block contains storage elements, multiplexers, and Look Up Table (LUT). The final device's performance and other characteristics are governed by the quality and condition of the architecture of FPGA as well as its elements. In this project, we design the LUT architecture using different circuit topologies to obtain the smallest Power delay product (PDP) value.
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520 |
Please write an abstract with title: Hall elements study with a microprocessor system, and key words: Magnetic sensors, Current measurement, Voltage measurement, Magnetic field measurement, Semiconductor device measurement, Resistors, Magnetic fields. Abstract: Silicon semiconductor sensors are widely used in practice. Different species are known, classified according to many parameters. For measuring magnetic field are used Hall elements, magnetoresistors, magnetodiodes, magnetotransistors, magnetothyristors, magnetic sensitive IC and etc. The challenge is to study their physical parameters and research their capabilities and areas of fit. The article purpose study of Hall sensors - HG302C GaAs and HW300B InSb. The capabilities of the Atmega128 microcontroller were used to develop a testing system. Results have been obtained which are a prerequisite for more in-depth analysis. The results are presented in tables and graphical form.
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521 |
Please write an abstract with title: A Matching-Based Method for Anomaly Verification in Spacecraft Telemetry, and key words: Space vehicles, Visualization, Mars, Systems operation, Conferences, Time series analysis, Detectors. Abstract: Automatic anomaly detection for time series is essential for supervising the system operation and diagnosing abnormal events in the spacecraft system. Many anomaly detection approaches have been proposed in recent years. However, most anomaly detectors give scores to the detected anomalies solely according to the information collected during the learning and detection processes, which may not be dependable. As a result, when a large number of false alarms are detected, it is difficult to prune them using the given anomaly scores without sacrificing correctly detected true anomalies. In this paper, we propose a post-detection verification method based on a fast and accurate time series subsequence matching algorithm. Given a detected anomaly, we find its top-k most similar subsequences from the normal dataset (sequences assumed to be anomaly-free). Then a distance score is calculated for the detected anomaly. Also, P subsequences with the same length as the detected anomaly are extracted from the normal part (the part with no detected anomalies) of the test sequence. The distance scores of these P subsequences with respect to their closest counterparts in the normal dataset are calculated. Finally, we compare the distance score of the detected anomaly with the distance scores of the P normal subsequences to verify or reject it as a true anomaly. To evaluate the proposed method, we have created a challenging dataset MRO-SIN by injecting anomalies into the Mars Re-connaissance Orbiter (MRO) dataset, to allow for quantitative assessment. A stacked-predictor-based anomaly detector generates many false alarms and an Fl score of 0.512 on the MRO-SIN dataset. The new anomaly verification method significantly reduces the number of false alarms and improves the Fl score from 0.512 to 0.676.
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522 |
Please write an abstract with title: Simulation of Rime Ice Accretion on Wind Turbine Blade, and key words: Blades, Ice, Wind turbines, Wind speed, Trajectory, Shape, Liquids. Abstract: In high-humidity and low-temperature areas, wind turbines are exposed to the danger of icing in winter. The aerodynamic performance of icing wind turbine blades is drastically reduced, which seriously reduces the power output of wind turbines, even resulting in downtime. In order to study the blade icing and more effective de-icing and anti-icing work, using a blade section of 300kW wind turbine blade as research object, a rime ice accretion model of wind turbine blade was established. The influence of each factor on the rime ice accretion on wind turbine blade was studied and summarized. The results show that as the medium volume diameter, liquid water content, and wind velocity increase, the ice thickness increases significantly; but in terms of ice coverage, the ice coverage on the windward and leeward sides increases as the medium volume diameter increases within a certain range, the ice coverage on the windward side increases and the ice coverage on the leeward side decreases as wind velocity increases within a certain range; and the change of liquid water content has little effect on the ice coverage.
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523 |
Please write an abstract with title: Cooperative utilization of electrical and thermal storage systems for uninterruptible supply of a greenhouse Microgrid, and key words: Costs, Simulation, Microgrids, Power system stability, Thermal management, Stability analysis, Smart grids. Abstract: A greenhouse (GH) consists of both thermal and electrical loads. As some crops are vulnerable to variations in climate conditions, the greenhouse operation should not be interrupted even during the blackout. Using the Microgrid (MG) concept, the distributed generators can be used to continuously supply the GH loads even during the power outage. Battery Energy storage systems (BESSs) are also required for maintaining frequency stability and peak-shaving. A major part of the GH demand electric are thermal loads. As the thermal energy storage systems (TESSs) are much cheaper than BESSs, it is proposed to cooperatively use both thermal and electrical energy storage systems (ESS) to reduce the overall cost of the required ESS for GH energy management in islanded operation. In this regard, during autonomous operation, the thermal ESS supplies the thermal energy requirements instead of using electricity to supply thermal loads to meet thermal energy requirements. By doing this, the total ESS cost is significantly decreased, almost by 19%, in comparison to the case that the electrical ESS are exclusively used.
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524 |
Please write an abstract with title: Target Measurement Method Based on Sparse Disparity for Live Power Lines Maintaining Robot, and key words: Robots, Real-time systems, Conferences. Abstract: 3D perception has been an indispensable part of the research on many manipulator robots. In this paper, we propose a the new kind of target measurement method to perceive the surrounding environment of robots based on binocular stereo vision theory, which can effectively improves the 3D reconstruction accuracy and effectiveness of the target recognition. The sparse disparity method we apply is different from the dense binocular stereo vision method in common. At the beginning of the article, a series of effective methods of image processing we use to identify and extract target images will be introduce. A novel operator-matching algorithm is proposed to improve the extraction and recognition. The contour-center stereo matching theory is expounded to lay a foundation to the calculation of sparse disparity estimation. To give accurate 3D reconstruction model information, a calibration system with low measurement error is proposed based on dual manipulators of our robot. After coordinate transformation implementation, robots obtain point cloud data of the target and able to perform interactive actions. A wiring experiment is set to test this method by judging work efficiency and success rate.
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525 |
Please write an abstract with title: A scalable dual mode arithmetic unit for public key cryptosystems, and key words: Arithmetic, Public key cryptography, Elliptic curve cryptography, Public key, Hardware, National security, Information security, Field programmable gate arrays, Logic devices, Power system security. Abstract: Elliptic curve cryptosystems (ECC) have become popular in recent years due to their smaller key sizes than traditional public key schemes such as RSA. However the gap between the sizes of these systems is increasing as security requirements become more demanding due to cryptanalytic advances. At current security levels of 80 bits, the corresponding key sizes for ECC and RSA are J60 and 1,024 bits respectively. Although the ECC key size is attractive for embedded applications, the popularity of RSA means that it will remain in legacy applications for the foreseeable future. This paper proposes a dual mode arithmetic unit capable of supporting the underlying field operations performed by both the ECC and RSA public key schemes. A hardware optimized version of the Montgomery algorithm is employed to perform modular multiplication efficiently. The disparity in key sizes is addressed by combining the dual processors to operate in parallel for ECC or in a pipelined series for RSA.
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526 |
Please write an abstract with title: An optical transceiver design for analog transmission using direct intensity modulation, and key words: Optical modulation, Transceivers, Optical design, Intensity modulation, Optical distortion, Optical transmitters, Bandwidth, Optical receivers, Optical attenuators, Optical fibers. Abstract: In this paper, an optical video/audio analog transceiver using direct intensity modulation (DIM) technique is presented. The information signal is transmitted directly in the base band. With DIM, no electric modulation or demodulation is required with this technique, making it both inexpensive and easy to implement. Using the handheld optical power meter and tone generator, we show the tradeoff between the drive voltage and output power as well as the spectrum width. We also show that the quality of signal reception is comparable to voltage supplied to the circuit.
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527 |
Please write an abstract with title: Digital Transformation in Developing Economies Under the COVID-19 Pandemic, and key words: Digital transformation, Economics, COVID-19, Internet, Pandemics, Business, Technological innovation. Abstract: The challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic have readjusted government services available to citizens and the way of doing business. Digital transformation involves using digital technologies to remake public services and ensure successful business operations. Therefore, the country's economy and society must be ready to make the most of digitalization. The quantitative and qualitative methods in this study are used to analyze countries’ economic transformation under the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings suggest that digital transformation is quickly becoming a priority for many sectors in Ukraine. According to the developed exponential model, the rate of development of transformation processes in Ukraine in 2021–2025 will advance. At the same time, the main problems of digitalization in Ukraine are legal complexity, insufficient funding, and lack of digital literacy and skills among the active population. The findings presented within this article can be found useful by managers of the real economy sector deciding on the need for the digital transformation of an enterprise. Likewise, the conclusions made are seen as beneficial for academic community in general since they open up new opportunities in terms of digital transformation research.
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528 |
Please write an abstract with title: Partial Depth Estimation with Single Image Using YOLO and CNN for Robot Arm Control, and key words: Deep learning, Automation, Mechatronics, Image recognition, Estimation, Object detection, Manipulators. Abstract: This paper presents experimental results of partial object detection using YOLO (You Only Look Once) and partial depth estimation using CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) for application to a robot arm control. In recent years, image recognition and its application automation, as an alternative to advanced work, are attracting attention in various fields. In order for robot arms used in factories to perform high-value-added and flexible work, it is necessary to control them by object detection and recognition by deep learning. In this study, the authors propose a new approach for estimating the depth of partial images using YOLO and uses it to control the robot arm. In the experiments, both ends of a pen detected by YOLO are used for the input to a CNN. The detected parts are saved to images with a size of about 60 × 60 pixels, and the depths are estimated by giving the cropped images to the CNN. A desktop-sized robot with 4DOFs can successfully pick the pen by referring the depths. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated through experiments.
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529 |
Please write an abstract with title: An adaptive terminal guidance scheme based on an exponential cost criterion with application to homing missile guidance, and key words: Adaptive control, Costs, Missiles, State estimation, Error correction, Stochastic systems, Control systems, Yield estimation, Programmable control, Phase measurement. Abstract: For a linear stochastic system minimizing the expected value of an exponential function of a quadratic yields a control law for the terminal guidance problem which operates linearly on the estimated states. The control gains are explicit functions of the error variance in estimating the state. It is shown that the control gains can be calculated by combining a precalculated matrix determined by a backward integration in time with the error variance calculated forward in time. If the measurement variance is estimated in real time, then the error variance must also be calculated in real time. The control scheme will then be adaptive reflecting the estimated quality of the information. The adaptive control scheme is applied to the terminal phase of a homing missile where the measurement variance is estimated on-line.
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530 |
Please write an abstract with title: Stealthy Hacking and Secrecy of Controlled State Estimation Systems With Random Dropouts, and key words: Robot sensing systems, State estimation, Computer crime, Electronic mail, Eavesdropping, Security, Reliability. Abstract: We study the maximum information gain that an adversary may obtain through hacking without being detected. Consider a dynamical process observed by a sensor that transmits a local estimate of the system state to a remote estimator according to some reference transmission policy across a packet-dropping wireless channel equipped with acknowledgments (ACK). An adversary overhears the transmissions and proactively hijacks the sensor to reprogram its transmission policy. We define perfect secrecy as keeping the averaged expected error covariance bounded at the legitimate estimator and unbounded at the adversary. By analyzing the stationary distribution of the expected error covariance, we show that perfect secrecy can be attained for unstable systems only if the ACK channel has no packet dropouts. In other situations, we prove that independent of the reference policy and the detection methods, perfect secrecy is not attainable. For this scenario, we devise a Stackelberg game to derive the optimal defensive reference policy for the legitimate estimator and present a branch-and-bound algorithm with global optimality to solve the proposed game.
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531 |
Please write an abstract with title: LED Excitation of an On-chip Imaging Flow Cytometer for Bead-based Immunoassay, and key words: Fluorescence, Light emitting diodes, Imaging, Immune system, Band-pass filters, System-on-chip, Microfluidics. Abstract: A green LED is demonstrated to generate a uniform square illumination pattern for an on-chip imaging flow cytometer system. The proposed system is used to perform the detection of a bead-based immunoassay for a sepsis biomarker, procalcitonin.
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532 |
Please write an abstract with title: Vision system for decentralised wide area surveillance using multiple nodes, and key words: Machine vision, Surveillance, Performance analysis, Object detection, Event detection, Maintenance, Cameras, Detection algorithms, Change detection algorithms, Real time systems. Abstract: In a decentralised wide area surveillance system (D-WASS), the two principal objectives are to first detect the events of interest reliably, and second to track the progression of these events and maintain a globally consistent track of the object for the extent of the camera fields of view. In this paper, we discuss an implementation of a 9-camera D-WASS with non-contiguous views, and analyse the performance of the tracking and vision sub-systems both empirically and analytically. In this application, event-based change detection algorithms in image space, as well as data association and tracking algorithms in a consistent real world coordinate system are realised in a real-time environment where both physical and temporal constraints are taken into consideration. This system has been demonstrated to work satisfactorily under various operating conditions. In order to characterise the performance of the system, the vision and tracking components, as well as the dependence of the latter on the former from a systems viewpoint, are studied analytically. The results are compared with those obtained empirically from real ground-truthed data. Potential extensions and improvements to the current implementation are also discussed.
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533 |
Please write an abstract with title: Estimation of Convolutional Neural Network for sign Language Recognition on Twitter Data, and key words: Social networking (online), Voting, Blogs, Estimation, Gesture recognition, Assistive technologies, Cameras. Abstract: As technology has increased these social media has became vast plat for people to share their views, thought , and twitter has become one the best social media plat form where people are sharing their thoughts ,views and their emotions publically , that’s why twitter has become one of the best platform where group of people will share their thought about leader , or a trending news or about politics and religion, education etc the fast in the number of web user, In today’s world has an huge measure of data produce by the inhabitants. This information plays vital role when it comes for selling a product, country’s election, differentiating fake news and real news through twitter. Bias detection where we identify the statement To analysis these kind of data, deep estimation analysis is used. The aim is to find the opinion of the people by taking the data and classify it according to its divergence, i.e. the tweets will get divided into positive negative and neutral, it will help to know the opinion of the people ,and mentality of the people.
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534 |
Please write an abstract with title: Method for Power Grid Fault Identification and Cause Analysis Considering Environmental Information, and key words: Fault diagnosis, Smart cities, Protective relaying, Curing, Smart grids, Circuit faults, Risk management. Abstract: The existing fault diagnosis methods have three problems: lack of effective use of external environmental information, lack of fault cause analysis, curing of the weight of each fault diagnosis. This paper designs an improved power grid fault identification and cause analysis method considering the network topology, relay protection information and external environment information, which can adjust its weight according to the relevance of the information. First, aiming at curing of the weight of each fault diagnosis, the AHP weight analysis method is used to give high credibility information large weight, reduce the impact of false-alarm and miss-alarm, and improve the accuracy of fault diagnosis. Second, this paper introduces external environmental information (taking the type of information and its alarm level into account) as the criterion for fault cause analysis, and applies the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method for fault risk assessment to determine whether the fault is caused by external factors. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by the simulation examples under the failure scenarios of protection action alarm information false alarm and miss alarm, and circuit breaker false operation and fail operation.
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535 |
Please write an abstract with title: Minimum-Norm Adversarial Examples on KNN and KNN based Models, and key words: Data privacy, Conferences, Computational modeling, Neural networks, Robustness, Security. Abstract: We study the robustness against adversarial examples of kNN classifiers and classifiers that combine kNN with neural networks. The main difficulty lies in the fact that finding an optimal attack on kNN is intractable for typical datasets. In this work, we propose a gradient-based attack on kNN and kNN-based defenses, inspired by the previous work by Sitawarin & Wagner [1]. We demonstrate that our attack outperforms their method on all of the models we tested with only a minimal increase in the computation time. The attack also beats the state-of-the-art attack [2] on kNN when using less than 1% of its running time. We hope that this attack can be used as a new baseline for evaluating the robustness of kNN and its variants.
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536 |
Please write an abstract with title: The study and simulation verifying of the controlling signal detecting method about UPQC, and key words: Signal detection, Voltage fluctuations, Bridge circuits, Active filters, Power quality, Voltage control, Signal analysis, Low pass filters, Band pass filters, Power engineering and energy. Abstract: This paper definitely proposes new direct-detecting methods for voltage or current that can be used in unified power quality conditioner. The calculation of the methods is simpler than other else, and so the detecting speed can be improved. This paper also lists a practical formula that calculates the amplitude of sine voltage instantaneously. At last, this paper gives the simulation results of the new method to prove its correctness.
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537 |
Please write an abstract with title: The monitoring system of wood moisture and air temperature in the drying cell of wood, and key words: Moisture measurement, Temperature measurement. Abstract: In the proposed article, system definition of the monitoring of moisture wood and air temperature in a dry cell is discussed. The system should have the following opportunities: remote measurement of moisture and temperature in a three chambered dryer, representation of the measured information in a kind convenient for the operator, preservation of drying parameters.
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538 |
Please write an abstract with title: The Future of Compute: How the Data Transformation is Reshaping VLSI, and key words: Transistors, MOS devices, Silicon, Stacking, Program processors, Three-dimensional displays, Germanium. Abstract: The digital transformation continues to gain momentum, as businesses offer consumers increasingly distributed services, and industry pursues improvements across the extent of the electronics ecosystem. This transformation is characterized by continued strong demand for compute at all points in the network - at the core, the edge, and at the endpoints. Data continues to grow at an exponential rate and not only drives the compute requirements, but also requires efficient solutions for movement and storage of data that is critical for overall performance. From device to cloud, new applications and use cases are continuously emerging. This transformation demands that we adapt our thinking and move from a hardware/program centric to a data/information centric approach, and to embrace new ways to compute. To keep pace in this dynamic environment, Moore's Law and its impact have become more relevant than ever. The continued scaling of dimensions, materials and devices drives a renewed focus on the fundamental physics of devices and materials, while novel architecture schemes and system design innovation motivate a more comprehensive understanding of large-scale integration at all levels of the system.
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539 |
Please write an abstract with title: Compact low-loss strip to double-slot waveguide coupler for sensing application, and key words: Optical losses, Couplings, Strips, Optical interferometry, Conferences, Insertion loss, Couplers. Abstract: We present a compact, efficient, low-loss strip to double-slot waveguide coupling in the SOI platform. We demonstrate an insertion loss of 0.025 dB/coupler. The slot mode excitation is experimentally verified using a double-slot Mach Zehnder Interferometer.
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540 |
Please write an abstract with title: Group-delay-tailored chirped fiber Bragg gratings using a tapered elastic plate, and key words: Capacitive sensors, Fiber gratings, Bragg gratings, Optical fibers, Chirp, Optical fiber communication, Optical fiber dispersion, Optical fiber devices, Delay, Strain control. Abstract: A new method to induce a strain gradient on a fiber Bragg grating is described. The method can be used to generate arbitrary strain distributions along the fiber. The objective of the method was to apply strain to a fiber grating that is attached on an appropriately tapered elastic plate. Using this method, linearly/nonlinearly chirped fiber gratings were prepared. Various group delay slopes were obtained depending on the plate shape and the applied strain. In addition, the repeatability could be maintained by adopting a feedback control method for the strain adjustment.
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541 |
Please write an abstract with title: Integrated Power and Hydrogen Trading in Multimicrogrid Coupled with Offsite Hydrogen Refueling Stations, and key words: Multi-microgrid, hydrogen, multi-leader multi-follower Stackelberg game, distributed algorithm, energy markets mechanism. Abstract: This paper proposes a novel two-level electricity and hydrogen market framework for multi-microgrids (MMGs) coupled with offsite hydrogen refueling stations (HRSs), aiming to strengthen the synergy between electricity and hydrogen. The local hydrogen market among the MMG and HRSs is modeled by multi-leader multi-follower Stackelberg game theory, in which microgrids play the role of leaders to adjust hydrogen prices while HRSs participate as followers to determine their hydrogen purchase scheme. Moreover, to deal with economic and technical issues of the MMG in a holistic manner, Nash bargaining theory is used to model the electricity transaction among microgrids. A distributed algorithm is developed to solve such games, thus reducing the cost of information communication and the risk of privacy exposure. The case study demonstrates that this market mechanism guarantees benefits for all parties and boosts the independence of MMGs by reducing transactions with the main grid.
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542 |
Please write an abstract with title: Neural Network Training Framework for Nonlinear Signal-to-Noise Ratio Estimation in Heterogeneous Optical Networks, and key words: Training, Optical fibers, Neural networks, Estimation, Bandwidth, Optical fiber networks, Heterogeneous networks. Abstract: A computationally efficient framework is presented for calculating features used for training an ANN-based estimator of the nonlinear SNR in heterogeneous networks. Its efficacy is demonstrated using data computed for 153,576 distinct system configurations. © 2021 The Author(s)
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543 |
Please write an abstract with title: Suppression of Mode Conversion by Improved Shielding Effect of Ethernet Cable Connector Based on Imbalance Factor Matching, and key words: Connectors, Conductors, Ethernet, Cable shielding, Power cables, Printed circuits, Transmission line measurements. Abstract: When two transmission lines with different imbalance factor are connected, mode conversion occurs at that interface point. The aim of this paper is to suppress mode conversion by improving the shielding of Ethernet cable connector or RJ45 connector of male and female types. By focusing on it, we improved the shielding of the connector by filling gaps at the edge of the connector shield with copper foil tape and the gap between the underside of the female type connector and the printed circuit board, with solder. In this way, the improved shielding around the connector makes the imbalance factor of the connector section close to that of the cable section, and results in the suppression of mode conversion. Based on this idea, it was experimentally confirmed that the shield-improved male type connector shows better reduction of mode conversion than the shield-improved female type connector. Moreover, more reduction in mode conversion was observed when implement the improved shielding of male and female type connectors together.
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544 |
Please write an abstract with title: Ad hoc routing protocols: emulation vs simulation, and key words: Routing protocols, Emulation, Ad hoc networks, Testing, Computational modeling, Proposals, Kernel, Traffic control, Electronic mail, Telecommunication traffic. Abstract: This paper presents an emulation platform obtained as extension of the simple ad hoc simulator (SAM) [P. Bergamo et al., Feb 2002] (where many routing protocols for ad hoc networks are implemented) and discusses the results obtained when the OLSR routing protocol is considered. Emulation can give a controlled, reproducible environment for running live code in a small, lab-environment network. Furthermore, the benefits of network emulation include the ability to expose experimental algorithms and protocols to live traffic loads, and to introduce real packet processing times. Finally, in many cases, a large number of hosts can be considered without impact on the final cost. With respect to a wireless live test, the emulator used in this paper works on hosts connected each other via wired links and the wireless channel is simulated. A direct comparison between simulation and emulation results is presented to underline the benefits of emulation.
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545 |
Please write an abstract with title: Preface of the 2<sup>nd</sup> Workshop on the Security of Software/Hardware Interfaces (SILM 2020), and key words: Conferences, Security. Abstract: Presents the introductory welcome message from the conference proceedings. May include the conference officers' congratulations to all involved with the conference event and publication of the proceedings record.
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546 |
Please write an abstract with title: Research on low power scheduling in open CNC system using hybrid genetic algorithm, and key words: Energy consumption, Scheduling algorithms, Sociology, Scheduling, Real-time systems, Task analysis, Statistics. Abstract: Aiming at the NP-hard characteristics of low-energy scheduling problems on multi-core platforms, a hybrid genetic algorithm with variable neighborhood search (HGA-VNS) for periodic dependent tasks in open CNC systems is proposed. The mathematical model of the optimization problem was formulated, and the flowchart of the algorithm was designed. Considering the periodic dependence of the tasks, the chromosome is generated by the operation-based coding method, and the segment boundary is added to the chromosome. To preserve the topology of offspring, specialized initial population generation algorithm as well as crossover operation was presented. Furthermore, a variable neighborhood search was carried out on current optimal salutation to enhance the local optimization ability of algorithm. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively reduce the system energy consumption under the premise of guaranteeing the schedulability of system, which proves that HGA-VNS can effectively solve the low-energy real-time scheduling problem on multi-processors.
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547 |
Please write an abstract with title: Characterization of Transport Current Behavior in the Soldered Joint Area of HTS Tapes Using Magnetization Distribution Measurement, and key words: 6G mobile communication. Abstract: Using 2D mapping of three components of magnetic field data, we successfully obtained transport current profiles at the solder joint area of GdBCO tapes, by solving the inverse problem. Contrary to the expectation that the current will be transferred uniformly over the entire joint, the measurement showed the transfer current was concentrated at the downstream side of the joint edge. This observation suggests that it is necessary to carefully check not only the joint resistance but also at the current distribution.
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548 |
Please write an abstract with title: Design and performance evaluation of a medium power Pm-assisted reluctance synchronous traction machine using bonded Pm-sheets, and key words: Magnetic flux, Rotors, Torque, Optimization, Stator windings, Mathematical model, Iron. Abstract: This paper describes the optimum design of a permanent-magnet-assisted reluctance rotor of a 110 kW reluctance synchronous traction machine. Previous studies show that the performance of the pure reluctance synchronous machine drive deteriorates last in the flux-weakening speed region. To address this problem, thin bonded permanent-magnet sheet material is used inside the flux barriers of the reluctance rotor to improve the performance of the drive, especially in the flux-weakening speed region. A design optimization algorithm is implemented to minimize the volume and hence the cost of the permanent-magnet material, subject to voltage and torque constraints. The calculated and measured results show clearly that the performance of the reluctance synchronous traction machine with a minimum amount of permanent-magnet material in the rotor compares favorably with the performance of the conventional induction machine drive at both rated and maximum speeds.
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549 |
Please write an abstract with title: Minimization of a Rectangular Patch using Genetic Algorithms, and key words: Minimization methods, Genetic algorithms, Microstrip antennas, Transceivers, Scattering, Dielectrics, Permittivity, Geometry, Frequency, Design methodology. Abstract: In recent years, the miniaturization of antennas became more and more important, especially in connection with subscriber transceivers for cellular systems. Due to the multiple scattering environments and the almost indefinable operating scenario, the crosspolarization characteristics of the antenna are less important, however its physical size is critical. The attempts to reduce the physical size of the antenna made in the past, used classical methods, such as embedding the antenna in a dielectric medium of a high permittivity, adding a resistive element in series with the antenna, etc., but little effort was invested in simply generating other geometries, which by their intrinsic properties, radiate at a lower frequency than the classical well-known antennas which occupy the same physical volume. This work proposes a new method for the design of microstrip patch antennas with a low resonance frequency, or conversely, an antenna, which makes 'a more efficient use' of its physical volume
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550 |
Please write an abstract with title: Vertical Green House Onions Farming Using Arduino, and key words: Vertical container, Arduino UNO, soil moisture, Humidity and Temperature sensor (DHT11), Humidifier. Abstract: Agriculture plays a significant role in the Indian economy. It is expected to contribute 17-18% to the country's GDP in 2018. The agricultural sector meets the country's food requirements by putting in a lot of effort in the production of almost all agricultural products. Vertical onion greenhouses are a sustainable and innovative way to grow onions in urban areas with limited space. These greenhouses use vertical stacking of onion beds with automated irrigation and lighting systems to optimize the use of space and increase yields. The system also incorporates sustainable practices such as water recycling and the use of organic fertilizer to reduce environmental impact. Vertical onion farming is a promising solution for urban areas where fresh, locally grown produce is in high demand and traditional farming methods are not feasible.
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551 |
Please write an abstract with title: A High Efficiency DC-DC Converter Architecture with Adjustable Switching Frequency to Suppress Noise Injection in RF Receiver Front-Ends, and key words: Switching frequency, Frequency conversion, Radio frequency, Switches, Receivers, Voltage control, Digital control. Abstract: This paper presents a high efficiency DC-DC converter architecture with adjustable switching frequency to suppress the baseband noise from a power supply for an RF receiver front-end. The system is composed of a boost converter operating in a discontinuous conduction mode (DCM), an analog frequency-to-voltage converter (FVC), and a digital control loop. To prevent the switching noise of the power supply from mixing into the intermediate frequency (IF) signal band of the mixer, the FVC senses the switching frequency of a boost converter and compares it with a reference baseband frequency. The digital control scheme changes the switching frequency of the boost converter if it is close to the baseband frequency by increasing the bias current of the regulating comparator. The complete system has been designed in a 0.13 μm CMOS process. The simulated efficiency of the boost converter is 84.5% with a 300mV input level. Its peak inductor current control has been designed for different input voltage conditions ranging from 50mV to 300mV. The output voltage of the boost converter is 1V with a 1.35% ripple. The converter was simulated with an RF mixer circuit as load, where the mixer achieved an SFDR of 60.3 dB.
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552 |
Please write an abstract with title: A Rigorous Cognitive Theory for Autonomous Decision Making, and key words: Autonomous systems, Heuristic algorithms, Decision making, Inference algorithms, Mathematical model, Artificial intelligence, Computational intelligence. Abstract: Autonomous decision-making is a central challenge to theories and technologies of AI and computational intelligence. It could not be implemented because the inexhaustive, indeterministic, and uncertain bottlenecks in traditional machine inference theories. This paper presents a formal study on mathematical models of decision and decision-making. Generic mathematical models of formal decisions are created for qualitative, quantitative, and serial decision-making. Cognitive algorithms are developed to extend traditional intuitive, empirical, or heuristic decisions to machine-learnt inferences for decision making. Experiments have demonstrated the power of cognitive decision-making algorithms and technologies for autonomous systems and computational intelligence.
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553 |
Please write an abstract with title: Target-Relevant Knowledge Preservation for Multi-Source Domain Adaptive Object Detection, and key words: Knowledge engineering, Degradation, Computer vision, Object detection, Detectors, Benchmark testing, Pattern recognition. Abstract: Domain adaptive object detection (DAOD) is a promising way to alleviate performance drop of detectors in new scenes. Albeit great effort made in single source domain adaptation, a more generalized task with multiple source domains remains not being well explored, due to knowledge degradation during their combination. To address this issue, we propose a novel approach, namely target-relevant knowledge preservation (TRKP), to unsupervised multi-source DAOD. Specifically, TRKP adopts the teacher-student framework, where the multi-head teacher network is built to extract knowledge from labeled source domains and guide the student network to learn detectors in unlabeled target domain. The teacher network is further equipped with an adversarial multi-source disentanglement (AMSD) module to preserve source domain-specific knowledge and simultaneously perform cross-domain alignment. Besides, a holistic target-relevant mining (HTRM) scheme is developed to re-weight the source images according to the source-target relevance. By this means, the teacher network is enforced to capture target-relevant knowledge, thus benefiting decreasing domain shift when mentoring object detection in the target domain. Extensive experiments are conducted on various widely used benchmarks with new state-of-the-art scores reported, highlighting the effectiveness.
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554 |
Please write an abstract with title: Scalability of Data Mining Algorithms for Non-Stationary Data, and key words: Training, Measurement, Scalability, Transforms, Prediction algorithms, Real-time systems, Data mining. Abstract: Streaming data is increasing day-by-day in real world applications such as stock market, financial data etc. The prime quality of this data is the online advent and collection at high speed and vulnerability to transforms in the data distributions due to the dynamic environment. The biggest challenge of analyzing this data is the lack of unrestricted availability of non-stationary dataset for evaluation and comparison. Extracting useful information from non-stationary dataset is also challenging because of its scaling nature. In this paper, different classification techniques of data mining are applied for analyzing non-stationary dataset using different existing and proposed cascade scaling method. The approach begins with the collection of a real time dataset of National Stock Exchange of India NSEI from online Yahoo finance site, which is then pre-pro cessed. The novel approach of three rules has been applied to fix the binary target value based on the buy/sell of the shares on the particular day. Once the dataset has been pre-processed, it is decomposed into smaller datasets of equal size subsets. The particular data mining approach is then applied identically to each subset. The findings of the data mining approach on all subsets are pooled and aggregated for the final output. The performance of the suggested algorithm is assessed using a number of criteria, including accuracy, precision, recall, f-score, and execution time. The comparative analysis of the mentioned performance metrices are evaluated for the various data mining approaches. The next comparative analysis includes the non-scaling and proposed cascade scaling method for the various data mining approaches. Lastly, the performance comparison of existing scaling methods with proposed cascade scaling method for the accuracy parameter is evaluated where proposed method achieved substantial performance on the non-stationary dataset.
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555 |
Please write an abstract with title: A Hypernetwork-Based Method for Omnidirectional Image Quality Assessment, and key words: omnidirectional images, image quality assessment, hypernetwork. Abstract: As the primary carrier of virtual reality, omnidirectional images have become a crucial metric for evaluating immersion in perceptual experience. Due to existing technological limitations, omnidirectional images are susceptible to various types of distortions during stages such as creation and transmission, which can ultimately impact the user experience. The investigation of omnidirectional image quality assessment (IQA) carries significant academic and practical significance, as it serves as a guide for enhancing the quality of images. In this paper, we first establish a multi-scene omnidirectional IQA (MOIQA) dataset. Then, we propose a no-reference omnidirectional IQA method based on hypernetwork (OIQA-Hyper). OIQA-Hyper consists of three parts: feature extractor network, hypernetwork, and quality prediction network. In terms of feature learning, we propose an improved multi-channel convolutional neural network (CNN) by introducing local feature extractor modules. The hypernetwork has the ability to adaptively generate assessment rules, which not only enhances the predictive performance of the model, but also conforms to the human subjective perception mode. The experimental results shows that OIQA-Hyper possesses excellent quality prediction capability.
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556 |
Please write an abstract with title: Design of an educational multimedia library to teach Python to non-technical university students, and key words: Electronic learning, Education, Libraries, Mathematics, Informatics, Programming profession, Python. Abstract: Starting from our teaching experience and previous research on programming for non-technical university students in Japan and Denmark, we identify an unarticulated dependency of programming materials from other technical domains, which causes a knowledge domain mismatch in learners. We approach this mismatch on two fronts: by defining a novel way to structure beginners courses that moves away from the classic bottom-up approach based on math-related problems, and instead leverages on multimedia as a motivational and powerful general-purpose domain to ground programming and scaffold its understanding; and via the design and implementation of new Python library that simplifies multimedia programming. We are currently organizing tests of both multimedia library and the new course structure in Japan and Denmark.
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557 |
Please write an abstract with title: Quick memory stream locality analysis, and key words: Density functional theory, Delay, Random access memory, Proposals, Visualization, Cache memory. Abstract: Profiling a memory strewn and a memory system will have an increasing importance in the future as memory systems are getting more complex and the gap between processor and memory speeds increases. This paper proposes simple numerical metrics for measuring both temporal and spatial locality. The developed metrics make a strong simplification of a complex issue, but they provide a convenient method to study and distribute information about locality. To facilitate applying the metrics, a tool for calculating them is presented. Finally, the metrics and the tool are illustrated by examining the locality of the post-cache access stream. The results show how heavier caching decreases the temporal locality of the memory stream, but the spatial locality does not behave as consistently.
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558 |
Please write an abstract with title: The Role of TSO-DSO Coordination in Flexibility Asset Prequalification, and key words: Europe, Information sharing, Power systems, Complexity theory, Indexes, Qualifications. Abstract: As market-based ancillary services (e.g., for congestion management) are introduced and developed for the various grid levels of the European power systems, it becomes a necessity to coordinate the actions of power system operators (TSOs, DSOs) in defining and implementing the processes needed for functioning of these evolving markets. Prequalification is one of the key processes, where TSO-DSO coordination has a significant role. However, it can be implemented with various degrees of complexity. This paper analyses the sequence of actions necessary to carry out prequalification and the actors and functionalities involved.
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559 |
Please write an abstract with title: A Wireless Charging Station for Multipurpose Electronic Systems, and key words: Springs, Antenna measurements, Optical wavelength conversion, Wireless communication, Electromagnetic interference, Electromagnetics, Photonics. Abstract: This article discusses an experiment within wireless charging, a technology that has been available for more than a hundred years, namely, since the inception of the Tesla transformer; currently, one of the main application fields lies within small-size electronics to recharge electric vehicles (EV). Our concept of a wireless charging station (WCS) exploits the inductive power transmission (IPT) of electrical energy; the actual device principally consists of a dock and a charger. The experimental setup comprises a transmission coil operating at frequencies up to 108 kHz; a circular spiral coil on the receiving and transmitting sides; a rectifier with a step-down converter; and controllers. In terms of defining the main parameters, we compute the wireless power transfer (WPT) efficiency and simulate the magnetic field of the coils, using CST EM studio to execute the latter procedure. The behavior of the field is shown for different coil positions. As regards the functional processes, we can stress that the wireless modules communicate in the ISM band, employing GFSK modulation, and that they monitor the voltage and current in the charger, thus helping to detect improper positioning of the coils. Generally, the applied methodology and its practical embodiments may also facilitate accurate landing of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), substituting the landing scenario where a camera and quick response (QR) code detection are needed. Precise UAV guidance towards the station, however, requires the global position system (GPS). A minor problem emerges in relation to the energy transfer: an electromagnetic field (EMF) is generated between the coils, and this field has to be eliminated due to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Such a spurious effect may affect the guidance and information systems, possibly causing major errors in the electronics. The station is designed to recharge low voltage and low power devices, including those operating on separated extra low voltage (SELV).
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560 |
Please write an abstract with title: A Study of Inductive Biases for Unsupervised Speech Representation Learning, and key words: Speech processing, Phonetics, Task analysis, Speech recognition, Neural networks, Decoding. Abstract: Distributed representations, or embeddings, are commonly learned without supervision on very large unannotated corpora for natural language processing. In speech processing, deep network-based representations such as bottlenecks and x-vectors have had some success,but are limited to supervised or partly supervised settings where annotations are available and are not optimized to separate underlying factors. Here, we propose a generative model with deep encoders and decoders that can learn interpretable speech representations without supervision. Our inductive biases operate as prior distributions in a variational autoencoder model and allow us to separate several latent variables along a continuous range of time-scale properties, as opposed to binary oppositions or hierarchical factorization that have been previously proposed. On simulated data, we confirm that these biases enable the model to accurately recover phonetic and speaker underlying factors. On TIMIT and LibriSpeech, they yield representations that separate phonetic and speaker information, as evidenced by unsupervised results on downstream phoneme and speaker classification tasks using a simple k-means classifier.
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561 |
Please write an abstract with title: The Future Can’t Help Fix The Past: Assessing Program Repair In The Wild, and key words: Program Repair, Benchmark. Abstract: Automated program repair (APR) has been gaining ground with substantial effort devoted to the area, opening up many challenges and opportunities. One such challenge is that the state-of-the-art repair techniques often resort to incomplete specifications, e.g., test cases that witness buggy behavior, to generate repairs. In practice, bug-exposing test cases are often available when: (1) developers, at the same time of (or after) submitting bug fixes, create the tests to assure the correctness of the fixes, or (2) regression errors occur. The former case – a scenario commonly used for creating popular bug datasets – however, may not be suitable to assess how APR performs in the wild. Since developers already know where and how to fix the bugs, tests created in this case may encapsulate knowledge gained only after bugs are fixed. Thus, more effort is needed to create datasets for more realistically evaluating APR.We address this challenge by creating a dataset focusing on bugs identified via continuous integration (CI) failures – a special case of regression errors – wherein bugs happen when the program after being changed is re-executed on the existing test suite. We argue that CI failures, wherein bug-exposing tests are created before bug fixes and thus assume no prior knowledge of developers on the bugs to be involved, are more realistic for evaluating APR. Toward this end, we curated 102 CI failures from 40 popular real-world software on GitHub. We demonstrate various features and the usefulness of the dataset via an evaluation of five well-known APR techniques, namely GenProg, Kali, Cardumen, RsRepair and Arja. We subsequently discuss several findings and implications for future APR studies. Overall, experiment results show that our dataset is complementary to existing datasets such as Defect4J in realistic evaluations of APR.
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562 |
Please write an abstract with title: Detection of moving shadows using mean shift clustering and a significance test, and key words: Testing, Pixel, Signal processing algorithms, Change detection algorithms, Clustering algorithms, Performance evaluation, Target recognition, Traffic control, Image sequences, White noise. Abstract: An algorithm that discriminates moving objects from their shadows is presented. Starting from the change mask of an image sequence, first of all the changed area is divided into subregions consisting of pixels with similar colour properties. This is done using the mean shift algorithm, which is very powerful in non-parametric clustering of data. In a second step a significance test is performed to classify each image pixel inside the change mask into one of the classes foreground or shadow. To do this a straightforward image model is used where the grey level of a foreground pixel covered by a shadow is given by the product of the corresponding background pixels' grey-level and a constant value. Assuming that fore- and background images are corrupted by Gaussian white noise, a significance test is derived which classifies all pixels inside the change mask. In the third step global and local information from the first and second steps are combined. For each region inside the change mask it is examined if the majority of pixels survived the second step. If this is the case, the whole region is kept for the final moving object mask, if not the region is set to zero.
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563 |
Please write an abstract with title: Digital Sign System for Indoor Wayfinding for the Visually Impaired, and key words: Navigation, Indoor environments, Buildings, Global Positioning System, Rivers, Digital cameras, Prototypes, Demography, Aging, Technological innovation. Abstract: Mobility challenges and independent travel are major concerns for blind and visually impaired pedestrians [1][2]. Navigation and wayfinding in unfamiliar indoor environments are particularly challenging because blind pedestrians do not have ready access to building maps, signs and other orienting devices. The development of assistive technologies to aid wayfinding is hampered by the lack of a reliable and costefficient method for providing location information in an indoor environment. Here we describe the design and implementation of a digital sign system based on low-cost passive retro-reflective tags printed with specially designed patterns that can be readily detected and identified by a handheld camera and machine-vision system. Performance of the prototype showed the tag detection/recognition system could cope with the real-world environment of a typical building.
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564 |
Please write an abstract with title: Determining the Structures of Condensed Phase Solids with Terahertz Vibrational Spectroscopy, and key words: Spectroscopy, Phase measurement, Dynamics, Crystals, Phonons, X-ray diffraction, Vibration measurement. Abstract: The strong dependence of terahertz vibrational dynamics on weak and long-range forces enables its use as a powerful tool to study polymorphic materials. This has made terahertz vibrational spectroscopy extremely valuable for not only understanding the fundamental origins for the stability of structures, but also for uncovering the correct structure where other methods, such as X-ray diffraction, fail. The complex and large-amplitude motions involved in terahertz phonons additionally provide insight into possible phase transformation phenomena, often uncovering mechanistic information through analysis of the terahertz modes. Overall, this work highlights recent efforts to apply terahertz spectroscopy to structural studies, in both the crystalline and amorphous phases.
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565 |
Please write an abstract with title: Universal data capture technology from semi-structured forms, and key words: Contracts, Text analysis, Filling, Printing, Image databases, Data mining, Boosting, System testing, Biomedical imaging, Medical diagnostic imaging. Abstract: This paper describes a universal technology for automated data capture from documents with similar data but different layouts, such as invoices, claim forms, resumes, contracts, loan documents, etc. Prior to data capture, the relevant data are detected on the document image. A formalization of top-down document analysis is suggested and a language for describing document structures is presented. Formalized descriptions in this language can be compiled into executable code. The process of matching such formalized descriptions with actual semi-structured documents in order to find the relevant data is described.
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566 |
Please write an abstract with title: Optimizing the Fuel Consumption of Autonomous Vehicles using Convex-Concave Programming, and key words: Fuels, Acceleration, Optimization, Engines, Roads, Transient analysis, Europe. Abstract: The recent introduction of electronic, sensing, positioning and information technologies into road transportation systems has allowed safer cruising and faster navigation of vehicles. The next frontier is the transformation of road transport into a highly automated system through the deployment of connected and automated vehicles. One of the important challenges to achieve this, is the trajectory optimization of an autonomous vehicle while traversing a specific road segment in order to minimize some metric of interest. In this context, we formulate the problem of optimal acceleration profile selection to minimize the fuel consumption of an autonomous vehicle as a discrete-time optimal control problem. To estimate fuel consumption, we consider a non-convex empirical metamodel that computes the output as a function of the acceleration and speed profile of the vehicle. As the resulting problem is non-convex, we construct a difference-of-convex functions representation of the fuel consumption metamodel and develop an iterative convex-concave programming procedure to solve the problem. Simulation results for various scenarios demonstrate that the proposed approach is considerably faster and provides better solutions compared to a state-of-practice nonlinear solver.
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567 |
Please write an abstract with title: Minimizing pattern count for interconnect test under a ground bounce constraint, and key words: Testing, Hamming distance, Test pattern generators, Fault detection, Programming profession, Communication system control, Mobile communication, Laboratories, Power generation. Abstract: When testing the interconnect structures on a board, test programmers sometimes ask, How can I control the test pattern generation process to avoid ground bounce problems during Extest mode? Those wishing to satisfy a simultaneously-switching-outputs constraint will find several new solutions in this article.
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568 |
Please write an abstract with title: Joint Multi-UAV Deployments for Air–Ground Integrated Networks, and key words: Autonomous aerial vehicles, Relays, Trajectory, Reliability, Base stations, Fading channels, Probability. Abstract: Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) can perform high-speed and reliable transmissions with the properties in air superiority, high agility, and fast deployment. They have shown advantages in flexibility and reliability when the ground communication facilities cannot provide satisfactory services. In this article, a multi-UAV-based air–ground integrated network (AGIN) model is established with a novel joint optimal multi-UAV deployment framework, where UAVs serve as aerial base stations (BSs) or relays. To improve the communication performance of the AGIN, the following deployment schemes are proposed: 1) a static multi-UAV BS deployment to maximize the number of covered users by user clustering; 2) a mobile multi-UAV BS deployment to maximize the transmission performance of users, which is achieved by jointly optimizing UAV trajectories and user scheduling; 3) an optimized UAV multihop relay deployment to minimize the number of UAV relays and the communication outage probability. Moreover, UAV formation relay is deployed as a virtual multiantenna array to improve the relaying performance by beamforming and orthogonal space-time block coding, and some further open researches and challenges are also discussed.
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569 |
Please write an abstract with title: Empirical Study on the GPU-accelerated HPL Performance: Effects of PCIe Communication, and key words: Performance evaluation, Computational modeling, Graphics processing units, Bandwidth, Coherence, Cluster computing, Benchmark testing. Abstract: Computing resources equipped with GPU devices are popularly adopted in various application areas, and the HPL benchmark is used to evaluate their standard performance. The performance of GPU-accelerated HPL however cannot be free from PCIe communication even in the most optimal case. Here, we investigate the PCIe communication overhead and its effect on the NVIDIA HPL performance using a simple model. This preliminary study intends to derive a way that can estimate the HPL performance in upcoming computing resources that support full cache coherence between CPU and GPU memory.
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570 |
Please write an abstract with title: 1410-2004 - IEEE Guide for Improving the Lightning Performance of Electric Power Overhead Distribution Lines, and key words: IEEE standards, Grounding, Arresters, Insulators. Abstract: Measures for improving the lightning protection performance of schemes applied to overhead power distribution lines are discussed in this guide.
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571 |
Please write an abstract with title: Acoustical measurements on a home stereo installation, and key words: Acoustic measurements, Loudspeakers, Frequency, Floors, Foot, Reverberation, Resonance, Acoustic beams, Fasteners, Acoustical engineering. Abstract: This paper describes a two-way 500-cycle crossover loudspeaker system using the infinite baffle principle. A 300-cubic-foot volume is used. Two identical systems are spaced 15 feet apart for stereo reproduction. A description of the living-room architectural acoustics is included. There are no parallel walls or surfaces, and the splay of the side walls is a minimum of one inch per foot. Reverberation decay charts are provided for different frequencies to indicate the effect of the splayed walls. Sine wave and warble tone curves are shown and sine wave single-frequency levels are plotted for the width and length of the room.
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572 |
Please write an abstract with title: Analysis and Design of Quasi-Z-Source Equivalent DC–DC Boost Converters, and key words: Capacitors, Topology, Switches, DC-DC power converters, Inductors, Boosting, High-voltage techniques. Abstract: In this article, three switched-capacitor-based Z-source equivalent dc-dc boost converter (SCZEBC) topologies are proposed. The basis for these topological evolutions is the shifted L-C-D cell of the fourth-order boost converter on the front-end side, whereas a charge-pump cell on the upstream side. This hybrid combination results in quasi-Z-source equivalent dc-dc boost conversion along with enhanced voltage boosting capability. The operating duty ratio of the proposed topologies is less than 0.5 like in the conventional Z-source dc-dc converter (ZSC) topologies. In comparison to the existing Z-source topologies, remarkable features of the proposed SCZEBC topologies are: low source current ripple, common ground, and low voltage stress on capacitors and active devices. A detailed steady-state analysis is presented to identify the salient features of the proposed topologies and is thereafter compared with the existing ZSCs. Small-signal analysis is established and a voltage-mode controller is designed. In the controller design stage, a modulus margin 0.5-0.75 is adopted to ensure tradeoff between robustness and performance of the proposed converter topologies. A 48 to 220 V, 100-W prototype is built to demonstrate the effectiveness of the SCZEBC. The steady-state and closed-loop response measurements validate the theoretical studies.
|
573 |
Please write an abstract with title: Fabrication and tuning of the SNS CCL hot model, and key words: Fabrication, Power system modeling, Manufacturing processes, Virtual manufacturing, Contracts, Manufacturing industries, Pulp manufacturing, Fixtures, Machining, Welding. Abstract: A full-scale powered model of the SNS CCL was completed in August 2001. The manufacturing processes and tuning procedures used in the CCL Hot Model formed the basis of the main manufacturing contract for the SNS CCL system later placed in private industry. In this paper we summarize the design basis for the CCL and the manufacturing and process steps required to fabricate and of the various tooling and lifting and handling fixtures utilized in the process at the various machining, brazing, welding, and tuning steps. The tooling utilized in the fabrication and tuning process is discussed in detail. The ultimate successful testing of the CCL hot model was key to development of a manufacturing plan for the CCL system.
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574 |
Please write an abstract with title: A Survey of using Computational Intelligence (CI) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Human Resource (HR) Analytics, and key words: Training, Career development, Engineering profession, Decision making, Learning (artificial intelligence), Tools, Artificial intelligence. Abstract: Human Resource (HR) Analytics has been increasingly attracted attention for a past decade. This is because the study field is adopted data-driven approaches to be processed and interpreted for meaningful insights in human resources. The field is involved in HR decision making helping to understand why people, organization, or other business performance behaved the way they do. Embracing the available tools for decision making and learning in the field of computational intelligence (CI) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) to the field of HR, this creates tremendous opportunities for HR Analytics in practical aspects. However, there are still inadequate applications in this area. This paper serves as a survey of using the tools and their applications in HR involving recruitment, retention, reward and retirement. An example of using CI and AI for career development and training in the era of disruption is conceptually proposed.
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575 |
Please write an abstract with title: A discussion of damage mitigation of natural disasters: How to increase citizens' preparedness, and key words: Training, Climate change, Systematics, Urban areas, Disaster management, Solids, Safety. Abstract: It is widely recognised that community-wide support and learning is important to ensure that people are adequately prepared for natural disasters. To enhance preparedness of citizens, a critical theme is how to utilise the benefit of information Communication Technology (ICT) in the scheme of ICT-based learning programmes to raise citizens' perceptions of disaster risk and how to enable citizens to be ready for the future disasters. And in so doing, collaboration with the public sector, local disaster management NPOs and other stakeholders would be important topic. However, for such training programmes to be meaningful is important that they are based on citizens' sense of urgency about all aspects of disasters and a clear understanding by policy makers of what elements should be prioritised in the programme. This study first recognises the existence of a gap between citizens' perceptions of the real and the virtual scape of natural disasters, and then, based on data from a survey of citizens' attitudes in X city in Japan, quantitatively captures the factors and elements of disasters that influence citizens' perceptions of city resilient, and suggests implications for policy makers and relevant stakeholders. The results will be presented to policy makers and stakeholders. This is expected to provide models and scales of analysis for ICT implementation in disaster prevention and mitigation, i.e. coping with natural disasters brought about by climate change.
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576 |
Please write an abstract with title: The similarity of Elicitation Software Requirements Specification in Student Learning Applications of SMKN7 Baleendah Based on Use Case Diagrams Using Text Mining, and key words: Text mining, Electrical engineering, Conferences, Unified modeling language, Software, Software reliability, Software measurement. Abstract: This study uses a Use Case Description (UCD) based approach to measure the similarity of software requirements in the development of learning applications for students of SMKN 7 Baleendah. The similarity was measured based on Functional Requirements and UCD. The use of the Use Case in this study is used predominantly as the basic model of Artifacts. In general, this study aims to determine the suitability of User Requirements with the software to be built through the similarity between the results of requirements elicitation activities and the software modeling. This similarity activity is carried out through a Text Mining approach in the form of Text Pre-Processing activities on elicitation results, which are then compared with Unified Modeling Language (UML) artifacts at UCD. The specific objectives of this research have the following activities: eliciting requirements, making Use Case Diagrams and Description, clarifying between UCD and SRS software models, determining the similarity of elicitation results, validating and reliability using Gwet AC1. The results of the similarity measurement get the highest value of 0.948683. The kappa index obtained is 0.8831398, where the proportion of agreements obtained is "Almost Perfect."
|
577 |
Please write an abstract with title: Reciprocal Effects of Teacher Autonomy Support and Student Academic Engagement in Blended Synchronous Learning Environment: A Two-Wave Longitudinal Study, and key words: Limiting, Correlation, Distance learning, Educational technology. Abstract: Previous research has clearly shown that teacher autonomy support is positively related to student academic engagement. However, most studies use cross-sectional studies, limiting insight into the direction of effects, and most of the subjects in the study came from the face-to-face teaching environment. The correlation between teachers' autonomy support and students' academic engagement in the blended synchronous teaching environment is unclear. The present study examined lagged reciprocal relationships between teacher autonomy support and academic engagement. We assumed that teacher autonomy support is prospectively and positively related to academic engagement and that, conversely, academic engagement is prospectively and positively associated with teacher autonomy support. We tested our hypotheses with a longitudinal study of 500 individuals assessed 2 times over 4 months. The results did not support the possibility of a reciprocal relationship. Teacher autonomy support did not predict subsequent academic engagement, and academic engagement predicted subsequent teacher autonomy support. We believe that this finding is precisely in line with blended or pure online teaching and learning characteristics. The results are not only theoretical but also of practical importance.
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578 |
Please write an abstract with title: Probabilistic and Non-probabilistic Synthetic Reliability Model of Structures, and key words: Reliability, Probabilistic logic, Stress, Interference, Standards, Mathematical model, Zirconium. Abstract: As an alternative to reliability analysis, the non-probabilistic model is an effective supplement when the interval information exists. We describe the uncertain parameters of the structures with interval variables, and establish a non-probabilistic reliability model of structures. Then, we analyze the relation between the typical interference mode and the reliability according to the structure stress-strength interference model, and propose a new measure of structure non-probabilistic reliability. Furthermore we describe other uncertain parameters with random variables when probabilistic information also exists. For the complex structures including both random variables and interval variables, we propose a probabilistic and non-probabilistic synthetic reliability model. The illustrative example shows that the presented model is feasible for structure reliability analysis and design.
|
579 |
Please write an abstract with title: Toward a National Marine Education Policy, and key words: Oceans. Abstract: The development of marine education in the United States has been severely handicapped by lack of a national position which states that marine education is important. Marine education refers not only to the motivation, training and education of marine specialists capable of meeting national needs at all levels but to an informed citizenry sufficiently aware of the importance of the oceans and marine environment to take part in or to influence national marine policy. The Sea Grant Program, working closely with the Commissioner and Office of Education, is the proper Federal Program to assume leadership in development of such a policy. For a national marine education policy to be accepted and implemented, the educational system of the nation must be involved in its preparation. In essence, policy development means creation of a marine education constituency with a much broader base than the present relatively small group of educators (less than a thousand) with a commitment to marine education. The Sea Grant network of colleges and institutions is the means of reaching out into the communities to build such a constituency. The process of policy development should create a new awareness of the importance of the oceans and marine environment to the nation in the inland states as well as along the coasts. The ultimate goal is a marine-literate society as well as the manpower pool of marine specialists essential to national needs.
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580 |
Please write an abstract with title: Vehicle Collision Avoidance System Using Localization Algorithm and Predictive Analysis, and key words: Sensors, Wireless sensor networks, Roads, Collision avoidance, Accidents, Automobiles. Abstract: Road crashes account for over a million deaths around the world every year. It is one of the leading causes of death for young people between the ages of fifteen and twenty-nine. Road accidents cause a whooping loss of up to three percent of the many nations' Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and ninety percent of these accidents occur in low to middle income countries with a sizable fifty-four percent share of the world's vehicular population. One of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is the reduction of road accidents around the world by half of its current value by 2020. This goal becomes a hit if low to medium-income nations get safer roads. This paper proposes a collision avoidance system that provides drivers with an automated preemptive response to impending car accidents with the aid of distance predictive analysis via sensors connected to the braking system of the vehicle, which in turn slows down the speed of the vehicle or completely stops it from moving altogether. The proposed collision avoidance system makes use of ultrasonic sensors and a unique localization algorithm to deliver a largely user-based vehicular protection from collision.
|
581 |
Please write an abstract with title: Leveraging a Probabilistic PCA Model to Understand the Multivariate Statistical Network Monitoring Framework for Network Security Anomaly Detection, and key words: Anomaly detection, Principal component analysis, Mathematical models, Analytical models, Adaptation models, Network security, Proposals. Abstract: Network anomaly detection is a very relevant research area nowadays, especially due to its multiple applications in the field of network security. The boost of new models based on variational autoencoders and generative adversarial networks has motivated a reevaluation of traditional techniques for anomaly detection. It is, however, essential to be able to understand these new models from the perspective of the experience attained from years of evaluating network security data for anomaly detection. In this paper, we revisit anomaly detection techniques based on PCA from a probabilistic generative model point of view, and contribute a mathematical model that relates them. Specifically, we start with the probabilistic PCA model and explain its connection to the Multivariate Statistical Network Monitoring (MSNM) framework. MSNM was recently successfully proposed as a means of incorporating industrial process anomaly detection experience into the field of networking. We have evaluated the mathematical model using two different datasets. The first, a synthetic dataset created to better understand the analysis proposed, and the second, UGR’16, is a specifically designed real-traffic dataset for network security anomaly detection. We have drawn conclusions that we consider to be useful when applying generative models to network security detection.
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582 |
Please write an abstract with title: Time Series Analysis of Household Electric Consumption with XGBoost Model, and key words: Analytical models, Time series analysis, Sociology, Process control, Machine learning, Predictive models, Energy efficiency. Abstract: Due to the improvement of population quality of life over the world and the following increase of energy demand in particularly the electricity, it has become necessary to follow the evolution of its consumption. Electricity consumption forecasting is considered as key factor in a process of improving energy efficiency, controlling consumption and reducing costs. The main objective of this paper consist to propose a forecast model for household electricity consumption using XGBoost regressor applied on a dataset which contains data collected from a house situated in Sceaux (Paris, France) between December 2006 and November 2010. The experimental results show that the proposed model achieved a higher performance for forecasting periods, particularly, in hourly and daily granularities in terms of RMSE and MAEP.
|
583 |
Please write an abstract with title: A Benchmark Study of Machine Learning for Analysis of Signal Feature Extraction Techniques for Blood Pressure Estimation Using Photoplethysmography (PPG), and key words: Biomedical monitoring, Blood pressure, Feature extraction, Estimation, Blood, Machine learning, Pressure measurement. Abstract: Cardiovascular related diseases are the most significant health concern around the globe. The most crucial health indicator is blood pressure because it gives essential information about the health of a patient’s heart. Cardiovascular diseases can be detected early and prevented if blood pressure is monitored continuously and regularly. Blood pressure cuffs, which are widely used to control blood flow in the arm or wrist when measuring blood pressure, are not practical for continuous blood pressure measurement. However, biosignals can be used for blood pressure estimation; but it is still critical and challenging. In this paper, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of feature extraction techniques for blood pressure estimation by using PPG signals. The feature extraction techniques were further divided into three subgroups to analyse the significance of each group. Group A includes time-based features; group B presents statistical feature extraction, and group C presents frequency domain-based features. The analysis employed several machine learning algorithms and compared their performance from many perspectives. The experimental results from two publicly available datasets demonstrated that the set of features belonging to group A were more reliable than other techniques for blood pressure estimation. We found that deep learning models achieved better performance than all traditional machine learning methods. We also found that the GRU model and Bi-LSTM achieved the best performance for time-domain features for blood pressure estimation. We believe the findings of this benchmark study will help researchers choose the most appropriate method for feature extraction and machine learning algorithms.
|
584 |
Please write an abstract with title: Why Should Corporations Partner With Social Enterprises and Entrepreneurs?, and key words: Supply chains, Entrepreneurship, Collaboration, Companies, Knowledge engineering. Abstract: Every business strives to increase its productivity and stay sustainable. In order to maintain existing markets and enter new ones, businesses will collaborate and partner with various stakeholders. Most of the major issues confronting our society, including the environment, require strong partnerships. A growing number of startups support positive social and environmental changes-these startups are comprised of social entrepreneurs or socially responsible companies. This article discusses the opportunity businesses might have in partnering with social enterprises or by making a social enterprise a supply chain member. Some simple examples of social enterprises as a focal firm or an integrated member of a supply chain provide insights into this relationship. This article highlights benefits companies might experience from partnering with social enterprises.
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585 |
Please write an abstract with title: Robot arm trajectory planning using missile guidance algorithm, and key words: Trajectory, Missiles, Robot kinematics, Acceleration, Navigation, Manipulators, Velocity control, Mice, Torque control, Process planning. Abstract: This paper presents a novel approach to online trajectory planning of robot arms for the interception of a fast-maneuvering object under torque and velocity constraints. Especially, the trajectory planning in the Y-direction employs a missile guidance algorithm to intercept the maneuvering object. The proposed method yields that a robot arm can smoothly grasp a maneuvering object. Simulation results are included to demonstrate the proposed method.
|
586 |
Please write an abstract with title: The Effect of Passenger Interaction on Situation Awareness and Driving Performance in Sleep-Deprived Condition, and key words: Sleep, Vehicles, Task analysis, Atmospheric measurements, Particle measurements, Probes, Accidents. Abstract: The present study investigates the effect of conversational interaction with a passenger on situation awareness and driving performance during driving in sleep-deprived condition. Twelve male students with mean (±SE) age of 22 (±2) years old participated in this study. They were requested to drive following a 20-min predetermined urban route after 24 h sleep deprivation in the morning on two separated driving sessions. Each drive included either without passenger or with passenger interaction. The results showed that passenger interaction during drowsy driving significantly improved drivers' situation awareness without enhancing driving performance. From these findings, it suggests that passenger interaction may be beneficial in improving situation awareness during driving in a sleep-deprived condition.
|
587 |
Please write an abstract with title: The field spatial astro-gravi-geodetic ground for metrological verification of a geodetic equipment, and key words: Extraterrestrial measurements, Frequency measurement, Geologic measurements, Global Positioning System, Level measurement, Instruments, Satellite broadcasting, Time measurement, Ultrafast optics, Theodolites. Abstract: The possibility of creation of qualitatively new field spatial ground of higher accuracy by means of relative satellite GPS/GLONASS observations is considered. It can be used in practice for metrological verification of a laige variety of surveying instruments: GPS receivers, electronic tacheometeres, theodolites, range finders, levels, gyrotheodolites, astronomical- theodolites, gravinieters, etc.,In,its creation the results of satellite measurements of a high accuracy arid a local model of the Earth's gravity field Were combined. It gave us a possibility to develop a procedure for determination of astronomical, geodetic and gravimetric transformants of the Earth's gravity field. As the result, astronomical latitudes, longitudes and azimuths, geodetic and normal heights, horizontal and vertical angles, pure gravity anomalies and other metrological parameters of the field spatial ground can be determined with higher accuracy than it is achieved on the ordinary field surveying grounds by traditional measuring instruments.
|
588 |
Please write an abstract with title: Control strategies design and comparison of DC-DC LLC converter in V2X mode for electric vehicle charger application, and key words: Vehicle-to-grid, Switching frequency, Transfer functions, Resonant converters, DC-DC power converters, Pulse width modulation, Batteries. Abstract: Vehicle to Grid (V2G) and Vehicle to Home or Load (V2H/L) modes, in one word V2X mode, for Electric Vehicle (EV) chargers gets more attention in these days. AC-DC and DC-DC converters are usually used in an EV charger. In this paper, motivated by an industrial collaboration, the isolated bidirectional DC-DC LLC resonant converter is considered for the control purpose to improve the charger efficiency within both battery power and voltage ranges in V2X mode. For our best of knowledge, existing control solutions for this type of converter are mostly related to battery voltage or DC current regulations. The new challenge of this paper to achieve the improvements consists of input DC bus voltage control for such DC-DC converter. The main contribution leads to design the control laws based on the DC-DC LLC transfer function gain inversion. Three conventional modulation strategies based on an averaged small signal DC-DC LLC dynamic model converter with first harmonic approximation are presented. Pulse Frequency Modulation (PFM) control is firstly studied. Then, Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) and Phase Shift Modulation (PSM) based control are designed to avoid PFM drawbacks. The benefits and the limitations of each strategy are highlighted. A comparative study between the different strategies is generated with respect to control performances and converter efficiency.
|
589 |
Please write an abstract with title: Complexity reduction for "large image" processing, and key words: Image processing, Image sampling, Clustering algorithms, Acceleration, Pixel, Testing, Computer networks, Neural networks, Image segmentation, Satellites. Abstract: We present a method for sampling feature vectors in large (e.g., 2000 /spl times/ 5000 /spl times/ 16 bit) images that finds subsets of pixel locations which represent c "regions" in the image. Samples are accepted by the chi-square (/spl chi//sup 2/) or divergence hypothesis test. A framework that captures the idea of efficient extension of image processing algorithms from the samples to the rest of the population is given. Computationally expensive (in time and/or space) image operators (e.g., neural networks (NNs) or clustering models) are trained on the sample, and then extended noniteratively to the rest of the population. We illustrate the general method using fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering to segment Indian satellite images. On average, the new method can achieve about 99% accuracy (relative to running the literal algorithm) using roughly 24% of the image for training. This amounts to an average savings of 76% in CPU time. We also compare our method to its closest relative in the group of schemes used to accelerate FCM: our method averages a speedup of about 4.2, whereas the multistage random sampling approach achieves an average acceleration of 1.63.
|
590 |
Please write an abstract with title: Predictive Control in LV Networks: A 3-Stage Approach for Smart Sustainable Buildings, and key words: Uncertainty, Scalability, Buildings, Predictive models, Amplitude modulation, Real-time systems, Performance analysis. Abstract: Through its environmental targets and policies, the E.U. is pushing for the integration of residential distributed energy resources (DERs) and smart sustainable buildings (SSBs). Originally passive low voltage (LV) networks will face fundamental challenges in trying to cope with said strategy. Achieving proper controllability is not easy; DER forecasting uncertainty is high, and distribution system operators (DSOs) rarely own flexible devices. The low carbon footprint of SSBs should also not be sacrificed in the pursuit of mitigating technical issues. We propose a 3-stage, LV network constraints management approach, based on model predictive control (MPC). In Stage 1, the DSO transmits MPC-driven optimal set-points to each SSB by solving a multi-phase, multi-period AC optimal power flow (AC-OPF). In Stage 2, each SSB performs its own MPC-driven optimization (quadratic programming), trying to maximize its compliance without increasing its environmental impact (net consumption). In Stage 3, the missing service (non-compliance cases) is automatically re-assigned among compliant SSBs, without DSO involvement. The approach is validated on a 3-phase (3Φ), 4-wire LV feeder, with high penetrations of DERs and SSBs. A comprehensive performance analysis is performed, regarding costs, horizon choice and alternative solution approaches.
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591 |
Please write an abstract with title: The X-Hall Sensor: Toward Integrated Broadband Current Sensing, and key words: Probes, Bandwidth, Sensors, Prototypes, Silicon, Current measurement, Broadband communication. Abstract: This article presents the X-Hall sensor, a viable sensing architecture for implementing a silicon-integrated, broadband, current/magnetic sensor. The X-Hall sensor overcomes the bandwidth limit of the state-of-the-art Hall sensors by replacing the spinning-current technique with dc-biased-based passive offset compensation. In this way, the X-Hall architecture removes the methodological bandwidth limit due to the spinning-current technique and allows for exploiting the Hall probe up to its practical limit, which is set by the parasitic capacitive effects. Moreover, the X-Hall architecture allows pushing the practical bandwidth limit at higher frequencies due to both the removal of the switches inherent in the spinning-current approach and a specially designed analog front end. To this end, a differential-difference current-feedback amplifier (DDCFA) is proposed as an analog front end in the X-Hall sensor. A prototype of the proposed X-Hall architecture is implemented in bipolar-CMOS- DMOS (BCD) 0.16-μm silicon technology to experimentally assess the performance of the X-Hall architecture. The passive offset compensation implemented into the X-Hall architecture is frequency-independent and preserves an adequate offset reduction performance, though less efficient than the spinning-current technique operated at low frequency. Experimental dynamic tests on the prototype identify the presence of an additive parasitic dynamic perturbation due to the package that prevents from fully exploiting the X-Hall prototype up to its designed bandwidth limit. However, the implementation of a postdeemphasis digital filter allows us to mitigate for the dynamic perturbation and experimentally achieve a sensor bandwidth of 4 MHz, which is the broadest bandwidth ever demonstrated by a purely Hall-effect based sensor.
|
592 |
Please write an abstract with title: Instability of a tandem network and its propagation under RED, and key words: Bifurcation, Stability analysis, Chaos, Size control, Sufficient conditions, Educational institutions, Internet, Degradation, Jacobian matrices, Monitoring. Abstract: Random early detection (RED) mechanism has been proposed to control the average queue size at the bottlenecks inside the network. It has been shown that the interaction between a RED gateway and TCP connections can lead to a rich set of nonlinear phenomena in single bottleneck cases. In this paper we extend this model and study the interaction of TCP connections with RED gateways in a simple tandem network, using a nonlinear first-order discrete-time model. We demonstrate, using bifurcation diagrams, that the nonlinear behavior of TCP can result in both smooth and non-smooth bifurcations, leading to chaos. We show that the instabilities can be induced at both bottlenecks while fixing the parameters at the other, thus demonstrating the propagation of instability. Moreover, we show that locally sufficient conditions for stability based on single node analysis are not sufficient for global network stability.
|
593 |
Please write an abstract with title: Propagation-aware Gaussian Process Regression for Signal-Strength Interpolation along Street Canyons, and key words: Interpolation, Vehicular and wireless technologies, Power measurement, Urban areas, Measurement uncertainty, Gaussian processes, Tunneling. Abstract: Providing accurate estimates for Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) of mobile cellular networks is crucial to fulfill agreed-upon service requirements. Typically, such performance maps are based on measurements, which are expensive and only offer sparse samples of the underlying ground-truth. Therefore, we require interpolation schemes to further increase the spatial resolution in the area of interest. In dense urban areas, the propagation environment is often governed by tunneling effects along streets and blockages introduced by buildings. However, these aspects are typically not accounted for in state-of-the-art interpolation approaches. As such, we propose a propagation-aware interpolation scheme based on Gaussian Process Regression (GPR), which utilizes available geospatial information via the diffusion kernel. Based on simulations in a stochastic Manhattan Grid (MG) environment, we show that our approach is well equipped to handle environments dominated by tunneling effects and significantly outperforms the omnidirectional Radial Basis Function (RBF) kernel. Further, the proposed graph-based scheme offers a high degree of flexibility in modeling the environment. Therefore, it is not specific to the MG scenario but can easily be extended to generic blockages and real-world street layouts. We show this by applying our approach to a set of Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) measurements from an operational LTE network collected in a drive-test campaign in Vienna, Austria — again resulting in an error reduction.
|
594 |
Please write an abstract with title: Metamaterial Wearable Antenna Design and Analysis for wireless Applications, and key words: Wireless communication, Antenna measurements, Body area networks, Metamaterials, Specific absorption rate, Ultra wideband antennas, Telecommunication computing. Abstract: A wearable antenna which uses metamaterial with low-profile is presented in this research paper which can be used for wireless applications. The antennas that are involved in reliable on- body communications must have requirements, like low frequency, de- tuning, and lowering efficiency. Textile antenna is the integration of a communications system into a garment or wearable object. For on-body communications, the textile antenna can be widely used, yet its performance characteristics can be known by thorough study of the literature; especially during on-body measurements. The MM-designed antenna has a thickness of 4.6mm and operates at 4.5GHz, 11GHz, and 17.7GHz. To analyze the proposed antenna HFSS (High-Frequency Structure Simulator) software is used. The gain, directionality is improved by using a MM structure that is observes in simulation data. Using Metamaterial (MM) lowers the specific absorption rate (SAR) values for the planned antenna. The designed antenna is best suitable for UWB (Ultra-wide Band) and in WBAN (Wireless Body Area Network) applications.
|
595 |
Please write an abstract with title: Timing-free blind multiuser detection for multicarrier DS/CDMA systems with multiple antennas, and key words: Multiuser detection, Multiaccess communication, Receiving antennas, Transmitting antennas, Land mobile radio cellular systems, Frequency synchronization, Modulation, Bandwidth, Multiple access interference, Fading. Abstract: The problem of blind multiuser detection for an asynchronous multicarrier DS/CDMA system employing multiple transmit and receive antennas over a Rayleigh fading channel is considered in this paper. The solution that we develop requires prior knowledge of the spreading code of the user to be decoded only, while knowledge of the propagation delay and of the channel impulse response for the user of interest is not required at the receiver. The proposed receiver is immune to co-channel interferers transmitting with an arbitrarily large power and, as computer simulation results confirm, performs pretty close to the ideal linear minimum mean square error receiver, which requires knowledge of the spreading codes, symbol timings and channel impulse responses for all the active users.
|
596 |
Please write an abstract with title: Recent advances in dual-mode Hall effect thruster development, and key words: Hall effect, Propulsion, Laboratories, Voltage, Acceleration, Space missions, Anodes, Cathodes, Electrons, Testing. Abstract: Two SNECMA's Hall-effect thrusters - the 1.5 kW class PPS/sup /spl reg//-1350G and the 5 kW class PPS/sup /spl reg//-X000ML were tested in a wide range of operation parameters. For instance, with a propellant mass-flow rate of 2.3 mg/s for the former and 5 mg/s for the latter, the discharge voltage was ramped up to 1000V. They demonstrated the flexibility in changing of operation parameters and promising performances from the point of view of the dual-mode operation. Particularities about the ion acceleration in the PPS/sup /spl reg//-X000ML are also presented and discussed in this contribution.
|
597 |
Please write an abstract with title: Performance analysis of the OFDM scheme in DVB-T, and key words: Performance analysis, Digital video broadcasting, Radio frequency, RF signals, Radio transmitters, OFDM modulation, Technological innovation. Abstract: Digital video broadcasting-terrestrial (DVB-T) is a leading international standard established for the move from analogue to digital broadcasting basically via terrestrial networks. Within DVB-T, it is possible to carry defined data containers in addition to the audio and video in the MPEG-2 transport stream. These data containers can be used to realize new data services or to carry IP datagrams. Thus it enables large amounts of data to be delivered to a lot of users in mobile environment. A simulation-based approach for assessment of the DVB-T networks is done using OPNET software. This paper focuses on the generation and reception of a DVB-T OFDM signal in a physical channel that is simulated using Matlab and the results are analyzed. In an outlook, possibilities for future improvements are shown.
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598 |
Please write an abstract with title: Text mining of multilingual corpora via computing semantic relatedness, and key words: Text mining, Natural languages, Machine learning, Data mining, Information management, Text categorization, Information systems, History, Measurement standards. Abstract: This paper describes a new application of a text-mining algorithm to the text sources of bilingual corpora. In the past, the majority of the approaches applied to measuring semantic relatedness was based on edge counting methods through a semantic network, such as WordNet. It is not well suited for applications in specific domains in which the standard lexical knowledge bases are not available. In this work, we propose an alternative solution for acquisition of semantic relatedness from text corpora by means of a machine learning technique, namely the self-organizing maps. This paper presents a hybrid approach to discovering a concept-based feature map containing word clusters and document clusters from multilingual text collections. Using SOM-based automatic clustering techniques, we have conducted several experiments to uncover associated documents based on Chinese-English bilingual parallel corpora, and a hybrid Chinese-English corpus. In essence, this work provides a method for automatic text clustering, which resolves some of the language difficulties in concept discovery and categorization from multilingual text corpora.
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Please write an abstract with title: Simultaneous measurement of head-disk spacing and reproduced output in flexible perpendicular magnetic recording disk drive, and key words: Perpendicular magnetic recording, Disk drives, Optical recording, Optical losses, Magnetic heads, Frequency measurement, Disk recording, Loss measurement, Interference, Sampling methods. Abstract: In practical application of perpendicular magnetic recording, the recording density is mainly limited by spacing loss. Therefore, a proper measuring method for the spacing loss is required. A new system capable of dynamic measurement of spacing distribution between head and flexible disk have been developed by using the optical interference technique. The performance of this system is as follows. (a) Measuring precision of spacing : ±20 nm (b) Sampling frequency : 3.2 kHz (c) Resolution on scanning line : 6.5 μm By using this system and an auxiliary pole driven single-pole type head, spacing changes and amplitude variations of reproduced output are simultaneously measured as continuous data. Furthermore it is shown that the spacing loss can be obtained by this method and is -(190±7)d/λ dB at 53.7 kFRPI as an example where d and λ are spacing and recorded wavelength respectively.
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