ID
int64 0
400k
| content
stringlengths 97
5.85k
|
|---|---|
399,300 |
Please write an abstract with title: Fair Blackout Rotation for Distribution Systems under Extreme Weather Events, and key words: Europe, Linear programming, Mathematical models, Mixed integer linear programming, Smart grids, Numerical models, Optimization. Abstract: This paper presents an optimization-based method for scheduling fair blackout rotation for distribution systems under extreme-weather induced power shortages. The method first partitions the system into a set of feeder sections according to the locations of switches, then simplifies the system as a connected network by modeling feeder sections as nodes and switches as links. The method simultaneously minimizes the total lost energy, total number of switch operations, maximal section isolation duration, and maximal section isolation frequencies of the system, while minimizing the maximal deviations of isolation durations and frequencies between any two feeder sections. The multiple-objective model is converted into a single objective one through defining each objective’s satisfaction degree using a generalized Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) function. The resulted nonlinear model is further converted into a standard mixed integer linear programming by replacing each nonlinear item including satisfaction function, binary variable operation, and logic operation with an embedded optimization problem with a linear objective function constrained by its feasible region represented using linear equations. The method can be implemented either using a static horizon or rolling horizon strategy. The numerical examples on the modified IEEE 123-node test feeder are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
|
399,301 |
Please write an abstract with title: Stability considerations on filters realized with delta modulation, and key words: Delta modulation, Digital filters, Limit-cycles, Stability criteria, Digital modulation, Quantization, Demodulation, Delay, Constraint optimization, Floating-point arithmetic. Abstract: The designer of recursive filters realized that in digital or in hybrid form using delta modulation may encounter certain stability problems. In the present paper, these filters are shown to have two kinds of limit cycles which are called "slope overload cycles" and "granular cycles," referring to their origin. Filters showing slope overload cycles can normally not be used because their amplitude is mostly prohibitively large. Amplitudes covering one half of the signal range are not infrequent. Therefore, it is very important to find methods to avoid these oscillations. At first, a model is presented which permits the study of slope overload cycles, while neglecting the less disturbing granular ones. Then, applying a theorem of Popov and the describing-function concept, two stability conditions for the filter coefficients are obtained. Finally, using the stability criteria found, a method is outlined which permits the calculation of filters free of slope overload cycles. The proposed procedure is based on numerical optimization under constraints.
|
399,302 |
Please write an abstract with title: Outside cell interference dynamics in cellular CDMA, and key words: Interference, Multiaccess communication, Base stations, Telephony, Spread spectrum communication, Bandwidth, Frequency, Computer simulation, Cellular phones, Bit rate. Abstract: We study via computer simulation the computation of the outside-cell interference factor f for cellular code-division multiple access (CDMA) wireless communication systems. This factor is inversely proportional to system capacity, and so its computation is of great practical interest. To date, all studies have focused on the mean value of f, without regard to its extrema or temporal dynamics. We compute values of the extrema for several propagation path loss exponents and user velocities, and show that the maximum value of f can be many times its mean value, and f can change as rapidly as the mobile user Doppler spread.
|
399,303 |
Please write an abstract with title: Optical filter with electromagnetically induced transparency, and key words: Optical filters, Dark states, Probes, Optical pulses, Frequency, Shape, Optical pulse shaping, Electromagnetic wave absorption, Space vector pulse width modulation, Optical sensors. Abstract: This report shows that the electromagnetically-induced transparency (EIT) window can be used as a time-to-frequency filter for the probe pulse whose spectrum is much broader than the width of the EIT window. This study demonstrates that the narrow spectral region of the pulse, coincident with the EIT window, develops in a long Gaussian pulse with slow group velocity. An analytical theory is developed describing the propagation of a small amplitude pulse through an optically dense absorptive medium with a narrow EIT window.
|
399,304 |
Please write an abstract with title: Extended non-regular feedback linearization, and key words: State feedback, Control system synthesis, Linear feedback control systems, Nonlinear control systems, Sun, Vectors, Nonlinear systems, Nonlinear equations, MIMO, Control systems. Abstract: This paper presents an extension of non-regular feedback linearization of system with two inputs. This extension is based on application of new coordinates proportional feedback. The main disadvantage of existing non-regular linearization is the loss of some control channels. In the method described in this paper, all control channels are present and tunable after linearizing change of co-ordinates. A generalization of previous results was shown. A comparison with a non-regular linearization method was demonstrated.
|
399,305 |
Please write an abstract with title: Efficient distributed multiresolution processing for data gathering in sensor networks, and key words: Intelligent networks, Costs, Signal processing algorithms, Signal processing, Signal resolution, Adaptive signal processing, Algorithm design and analysis, Energy resolution, Signal analysis, Numerical simulation. Abstract: We consider large sensor networks where the cost of collecting data from the network nodes to the data gathering sink is critical. We propose several algorithms that use limited local communication and distributed signal processing to make communication more efficient in terms of transmission cost. We consider a model that uses distributed wavelet-based signal processing. We first propose an algorithm that performs processing at nodes as data is forwarded to the sink. Then, we analyze algorithms that perform network division into groups of adaptive size and for which signal processing is applied separately to each group. We show by numerical simulations that such multiresolution approaches result in significant improvements for data gathering in terms of total communication costs.
|
399,306 |
Please write an abstract with title: Performance Comparison of Quantum Phase Estimation Algorithm with Different Number of Register Qubits on Noisy Quantum Processor, and key words: Quantum algorithm, Error analysis, Computational modeling, Qubit, Phase estimation, Process control, Prediction algorithms. Abstract: In the process of implementing a quantum algorithm as a quantum circuit, the error rate of an actual quantum computer should be considered. In this paper, we confirm through simulation that the one control qubit quantum phase estimation algorithm performs better than the many control qubit quantum phase estimation algorithm on the noisy quantum processor. We use QISKit to simulate a quantum phase estimation algorithm. We performed the simulation considering the error rate of the IBM Q quantum processor. The error rate of the one control qubit quantum phase estimation algorithm is compared with the many control qubit quantum phase estimation algorithm.
|
399,307 |
Please write an abstract with title: Software Engineering Theory in Practice, and key words: Software engineering, Best practices, Software maintenance, Computer bugs, Books, Time to market, Displays, Airports, Project management, Weapons. Abstract: Whether software engineering "best practices" really are the best depends on the type of project. Applying them could actually cause harm in some cases.
|
399,308 |
Please write an abstract with title: list-reviewer, and key words: IEEE. Abstract: The conference offers a note of thanks and lists its reviewers.
|
399,309 |
Please write an abstract with title: Non-invasive Machine Learning approach for classifying Blood Pressure using PPG Signals in COVID situation, and key words: Hypertension, Machine learning algorithms, Fourier transforms, Estimation, Forestry, Photoplethysmography, Blood pressure. Abstract: Blood pressure is one of the possible factors that cause cardiovascular diseases. It is one of the useful parameters for early detection, using which we can diagnose and treat cardiac diseases. Continuous monitoring of blood pressure can help us to maintain good health and to have a longer life span. At present, BP estimation is principally based on cuff-based techniques[1] which can cause inconvenience or discomfort to patients. ECG is one of the cuff-based methods to estimate or classify Blood Pressure. Nowadays, Studies are taking place on non-invasive and cuff-less-based methods and one of them is PPG signals (photoplethysmography). PPG is a non-invasive optical method for estimating the blood volume changes per pulse[21]. We can also say that the PPG signal indicates the mechanical activity of the heart[8]. In this paper, we proposed a non-invasive method using a whole-based approach that uses raw values from PPG signals to classify blood pressure. Using Machine learning algorithms to classify blood pressure is a feasible way for the analysis and predicting the results. In this paper, we applied various machine learning models(Random forest, Gradient boost, and XGBoost). In order to avoid overfitting, we used Repeated-stratified k-fold cross-validation and obtained enough accuracy in classifying the BP. when compared to the parameter-based method, our method(whole based method) is independent of the PPG waveform of a signal.
|
399,310 |
Please write an abstract with title: Predictive Visual Analysis of Speech Data using Machine Learning Algorithms, and key words: Machine learning, Data visualization, Speech recognition, Real-time systems, Cloud computing, Hidden Markov models, Sentiment analysis. Abstract: Audio sense analysis using automated speech recognition is an emerging research field where opinions or feelings are natural audio displayed by a speaker is detected. Still, text- based sentiment detection is relatively unexplored and very less used in physical word despite its huge possible implementation area because Talking and listening improves information if it is nice then it encourage to listen to you which helps better understanding the things and to form a relationship. Talking have many emotions in it; this is not just nice thing or good news, but also anger, fear, criticism, or blame hence can be categories in positive, neutral or negative communication. In this new architecture, we perform a predictive visual analysis of big data collecting from various speaking source and here we perform graphical and non-graph analysis and visualize it using machine learning algorithms (Naive Bayes). And we perform weighted word cloud visualizations, which give improved semantic insights. The results obtained by this work can help in finding good teacher, orator, speaker, and examine self-talking skill.
|
399,311 |
Please write an abstract with title: Reengineering legacy source code to model driven architecture, and key words: Computer architecture, Unified modeling language, Application software, Computer science, Information technology, Productivity, Computer languages, Instruments, Object oriented programming, Functional programming. Abstract: The reengineering processes generally focus on the increased productivity and quality of the systems. Reengineering of legacy source code into 'new improved architecture' based system is a challenge because recovery of abstractions and applying decomposition techniques from traditional programming languages continue to be quite complex. In this paper we propose a model for aspect-oriented reengineering requirements and explore the aspect-based technical approach using UML support extension mechanism to reach the 'new improved source code architecture system'. We also believe this method offers a way to extend aspect coverage through incremental support and maintenance. The proposed technique aims at enhancing software reuse by increasing code modularity and reducing code tangling.
|
399,312 |
Please write an abstract with title: High-resolution Schottky CdTe diode detector, and key words: Envelope detectors, Schottky diodes, Energy resolution, Gamma ray detectors, Gamma ray detection, Electrodes, Leakage current, Voltage, Physics, Semiconductor diodes. Abstract: We describe recent progress on the use of Schottky CdTe diode detectors for spectrometry. The low leakage current of the CdTe diode allows us to apply a much higher bias voltage than was possible with previous CdTe detectors. For a relatively thin detector of 0.5-1 mm thickness, the high bias voltage results in a high electric field in the device. Both the improved charge-collection efficiency and the low-leakage current lead to an energy resolution of better than 600 eV full-width at half-maximum at 60 keV for a 2/spl times/2 mm/sup 2/ device without any charge-loss correction electronics. Large-area detectors with dimensions of 21/spl times/21 mm/sup 2/ are now available with an energy resolution of /spl sim/2.8 keV. Long-term stability can be easily attained for relatively thin (<1 mm) detectors if they are cooled or operated under a high bias voltage.
|
399,313 |
Please write an abstract with title: Formal fault tree analysis of state transition systems, and key words: Fault trees, US Department of Transportation, System analysis and design, Information analysis, Hazards, Software safety, Aerospace industry, Aerospace safety, Logic gates, Information science. Abstract: Fault tree analysis (FTA) is a traditional deductive safety analysis technique that is applied during the system design stage. However, traditional FTA does not consider transitions between states, and it is difficult to decompose complex system fault events that are composed of multiple normal components' states rather than individual component failures. To solve these problems, we first propose two different fault events of fault trees, and then present a formal fault tree construction model by introducing the concept of transition rules for event decomposition, in which the semantics of gates and minimal cut sets of fault trees are revised compared with traditional FTA.
|
399,314 |
Please write an abstract with title: Joint Service Caching, Computation Offloading and Resource Allocation in Mobile Edge Computing Systems, and key words: Task analysis, Resource management, Servers, Quality of experience, Delays, Computational modeling, Approximation algorithms. Abstract: Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) brings abundant cloud resources to the edge of the network and provides great opportunities to improve user's quality of experience. While many recent studies have investigated the problem of computation offloading, service caching is also an important design topic of MEC. Service caching stores application-related databases or libraries in advance and enables corresponding user tasks to be offloaded. Due to the limited resources in the edge server, service caching decisions have to be made judiciously to maximize the system performance. In this paper, we study the problem of joint service caching, computation offloading, transmission and computing resource allocation in a general scenario of multiple users with multiple tasks. We aim to minimize the overall computation and delay costs for all users and formulate the optimization problem as a quadratically constrained quadratic program (QCQP) which is non-convex and NP-hard. To solve this challenging problem, we propose an efficiently approximate algorithm based on semidefinite relaxation (SDR) approach and alternating optimization which always computes a locally optimal solution. Moreover, we extend the study to the scenario where each user has a computation cost constraint. Simulation results show that our algorithm can minimize the system cost effectively by utilizing the available system resources.
|
399,315 |
Please write an abstract with title: Secrecy Analysis for Spatial Modulation: Transmission Scheme and Performance Evaluation, and key words: Constellation diagram, Security, Artificial intelligence, Modulation, MIMO communication, Indexes, Bit error rate. Abstract: In this letter, a novel transmission scheme for spatial modulation (SM) is proposed to enhance the security of wiretap channel. In this scheme, partial channel state information (CSI) of the legitimate channel is exploited by the transmitter (Tx) to dynamically adapt the spatial and signal constellations mapping patterns that are unknown to Eve. Thus, Eve cannot successfully decode the confidential information over the wiretap channel. Further, an important virtue of the proposed transmission scheme, Tx does not need to know the full CSI of Eve and legitimate channels. To demonstrate the security guaranteed by the proposed scheme, bit error rate, secrecy rate, and secrecy outage probability are evaluated.
|
399,316 |
Please write an abstract with title: Robust Boundary Control of a Diffusion System: An Integral Sliding Mode Control Approach, and key words: Sliding mode control, Mathematical model, Closed loop systems, Integral equations, Boundary conditions, Heating systems, Aerospace electronics. Abstract: The present work extends the integral sliding mode control approach to the boundary control of systems described by an uncertain heat equation. The proposed controller entirely skips the reaching phase and thus ensures the robustness of the feedback loop to a certain class of external disturbances for all times. A formal stability analysis as well as a tutorial example and simulation results demonstrate the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed approach.
|
399,317 |
Please write an abstract with title: Channel Polarization Analysis Using BEC, and key words: Channel capacity, Conferences, Reliability, Channel coding. Abstract: This work deals with a phenomenon called channel polarization, There is a fact that says that it is possible to connect N group of identical independent channels B-DMC W of capacity I(W) in a certain way to obtain a second group so that the specifications of the identical channels change to others with different capacities. Some of them increase their capacity to reach one I(W)≅1, and the other particles decrease their capacity to reach zero I(W) ≅ 0, and this is called channel polarization, which has an impact on the coding process (channel coding). To ensure the reliability of the transmission, we send information only on good channels with high capacity and we freeze others with low capacity. In this work, we study the effect of channel polarization on BEC (binary erasure channel) and we get good results.
|
399,318 |
Please write an abstract with title: Admittance matrix of coupled V antennas, and key words: Admittance, Antenna arrays, Linear antenna arrays, Hybrid junctions, Antennas and propagation, Transmission line matrix methods, Aperture antennas, Butler matrix, Electrons, Antenna accessories. Abstract: The numerical results for a coplanar array of identical V antennas are presented.
|
399,319 |
Please write an abstract with title: Impact of Distributed Resource Allocation in Sensor Networks, and key words: Resource management, Intelligent networks, Acoustic sensors, Cameras, Vehicles, Intelligent sensors, Target tracking, Wireless sensor networks, Patient monitoring, Biomedical monitoring. Abstract: Sensor networks have generated much interest in the research community because they have a wide range of potentially impactful applications. In this field, one of the major research challenges is the distributed resource allocation problem. This problem concerns how one should allocate or schedule the limited resources in a sensor network to minimize costs and maximize capability. Although various distributed resource allocation techniques have been proposed, the impact of such techniques on real application scenarios of sensor networks is not well understood. In this paper, we study the impact of distributed resource allocation in two realistic application scenarios; namely, the tasking of look-sectors for cameras to monitor vehicle movement, and the sensor mode management in an acoustic sensor network to track vehicle movement. Our simulation results for these two scenarios indicate that with distributed resource allocation, a sensor network can provide a good tradeoff between performance objectives such as target tracking accuracy, coverage area, and network lifetime.
|
399,320 |
Please write an abstract with title: Global Case Studies, Domains and Used Methodologies Concerning Cyber Security in Online banking: A Review, and key words: Computers, Online banking, Sociology, Market research, Regulation, Reliability, Computer crime. Abstract: Banking sector is one of the prominent sectors nowadays, which helps to lend and deposit money. Each one of us are now living in the period of time where the protection of our information is tremendously dominant. Since the world is shifting online inch meal, the online banking sector open doors to various risks concerned with our confidential information and as said our information if kept secured then, the power is in our hands. Therefore, protection to information should be the foremost aim. In this paper, we have inculcated the various types of risks to information along with the types in which each user need to secure the data. Numerous types of methodologies that are used to secure and authenticate a user is also thoroughly explained, the solutions to such risk causing factors are also explained. This paper also discusses about the cybersecurity concerns of various developing and developed countries like India, Myanmar, India and Malaysia. It says that, Although, various rules and regulations are to be put together to administrate the cyber world smoothly and efficiently, but every bank stand needs to be equipped with good cybersecurity system and countries intercontinentally requires different levels to security agendas.
|
399,321 |
Please write an abstract with title: Bandwidth-Aware Transmission Scheduling and Event- Triggered Distributed MPC for Vehicle Platoons, and key words: Wireless communication, Schedules, Processor scheduling, Simulation, Computational modeling, Bandwidth, Computational efficiency. Abstract: This paper jointly designs the communication and control schemes for vehicle platoons by taking into consideration of the limited communication and computing resources of vehicles. Aiming at achieving the stable tracking of the member vehicles at a desired inter-vehicle distance and the same velocity, while improving the communication and computation efficiency, we propose a bandwidth-aware transmission scheduling (BATS) mechanism and an event-triggered distributed model predictive control (ET-DMPC) scheme for the longitudinal control of a vehicle platoon. Firstly, by introducing bandwidth-aware parameters, the triggering threshold for the event-triggered BATS mechanism is dynamically adjusted according to vehicle and bandwidth states. Then, an output-based ET-DMPC scheme is designed to ensure that the platoon tracks a reference velocity and maintains the desired inter-vehicle distance. Lastly, extensive simulations are carried out and the results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed BATS mechanism and ET-DMPC scheme in terms of adaptive communication scheduling and low computational burden.
|
399,322 |
Please write an abstract with title: Prospects of Vertical Axis Wind Turbines for Urban Electrification in Pakistan, and key words: Electric potential, Renewable energy sources, Wind energy, Wind speed, Urban areas, Production, Wind power generation. Abstract: In the modern world wind energy is becoming a significant part of the energy mix in developed countries of Asia, Europe, and America. Importantly, China has installed wind turbines, which is almost half of the world's installed wind power capacity. Similarly, Denmark is producing 42% of its total electricity from wind. Currently, Pakistan is experiencing an acute level of electricity shortage, which causes blackouts of several hours per day. Furthermore, due to modernization, the electricity demand is increasing rapidly as compared to the installed capacity of electricity generation. Therefore, to cope with rising electricity demand without harming the environment, a smooth transition from thermal towards renewable energy is required. One short-term alternative to meet the uprising electricity demand is to allow the community to produce electric power by wind energy. Fortunately, Pakistan has enormous wind energy potential. The total extractable wind power capacity is 120 GW. Urban cities like Karachi, Hyderabad and Quetta have an average wind speed of 3-4.5 m/s at 10-meter height, which is best suitable for small scale Vertical Axis Wind Turbines (VAWT). Like, India, Brazil and other developing countries, Pakistan should take measures to utilize the VAWT technology for electricity production at a community level.
|
399,323 |
Please write an abstract with title: Power Loss in SiC MOSFET based Four-quadrant Switch, and key words: Insulated gate bipolar transistors, MOSFET, Power system measurements, Silicon carbide, Switching loss, Switches, Voltage. Abstract: SiC MOSFET being fast switching, high voltage blocking, high junction temperature withstanding, and low loss device, has the edge over Si IGBT. Therefore, SiC MOSFET's applications are in high power density matrix converter, battery charger in electric vehicles, and many other. The matrix converter utilises four-quadrant switches, which allow both positive and negative current and block both positive and negative voltage. Since SiC MOSFETs being much better than Si IGBTs, the four-quadrant switches are realised using them. The conducting and blocking devices for the four-quadrant switch vary with the change in quadrant of operation, and the switching involves the turn ON and turn OFF of two devices. Therefore, the characteristics and power loss are bound to vary with the quadrant of operation. Very limited work is available on SiC based four-quadrant switches in the literature. Hence, a thorough investigation of the four-quadrant switch as a single entity along with power loss analysis is done in this paper. Further, this paper presents approximate conduction and switching power loss analysis of the four-quadrant switch. The research is performed by developing approximate mathematical equations for power loss and then testing the SiC MOSFET based four-quadrant switch in all four quadrants.
|
399,324 |
Please write an abstract with title: Prototyping and Experimental Study of Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access in Wi-Fi Networks, and key words: NOMA, Wireless fidelity, Prototypes, Silicon carbide, IEEE 802.11 Standard, Receivers. Abstract: NOMA is a promising way to increase spectral efficiency recently discussed in the IEEE 802.11 Working Group that develops WiFi standards. NOMA can be very beneficial in a WiFi network where the qualities of the channel between the access point and associated stations are significantly different. In such scenarios, NOMA allows the access point to transmit several data streams to various stations in parallel using one antenna and the same time-frequency resources. This article presents and evaluates the first-ever prototype of a WiFi device supporting NOMA, implemented in a software-defined radio platform. The prototype is backward compatible with legacy WiFi versions. Specifically, one of the multiplexed streams may be received by a legacy station not supporting NOMA. This feature is favorable for heterogeneous deployments with various generations of WiFi devices. This article provides a detailed description of the prototype as well as experimental results showing from 37 percent to 100 percent gain achieved by including NOMA in the future 802.11 standards.
|
399,325 |
Please write an abstract with title: Multi-Scenario Planning of Integrated Energy Distribution Network Based on Distflow Model, and key words: Photovoltaic systems, Reactive power, Renewable energy sources, Uncertainty, Distribution networks, Voltage, Stability analysis. Abstract: With the increase in penetration of integrated energy resources, such as distributed photovoltaics (PVs) and combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) units, the traditional distribution network is gradually transforming to an integrated energy distribution network. Distribution network planning is facing major challenges since traditional planning methods are no longer applicable. Therefore, a multi-scenario planning model for the integrated energy distribution network based on the Distflow model is proposed in the paper. First, the model of integrated energy supply units and the distribution network is formulated considering the reactive power. Then, the model for the uncertainty scenario of distributed PVs and multi-energy loads is established based on K-means clustering technique. Finally, a mixed integer second-order cone planning model for the integrated energy distribution network is constructed and solved by mature commercial solvers. Results of the case study based on the IEEE 33-node distribution network demonstrate effectiveness and applicability of the proposed model.
|
399,326 |
Please write an abstract with title: I-WAP: an intelligent WAP site management system, and key words: Wireless application protocol, Mobile handsets, Costs, Content management, HTML, Mobile communication, Internet, Wireless communication, Markup languages, Access protocols. Abstract: The popularity regarding wireless communications is such that more and more WAP sites have been developed with wireless markup language (WML). Meanwhile, to translate hypertext markup language (HTML) pages into proper WML ones becomes imperative since it is difficult for WAP users to read most contents designed for PC users via their mobile phone screens. However, for those sites that have been maintained with hypertext markup language (HTML), considerable time and manpower costs will be incurred to rebuild them with WML. In this paper, we propose an intelligent WAP site management system to cope with these problems. With the help of the intelligent management system, the original contents of HTML Web sites can be automatically translated to proper WAP content in an efficient way. As a consequence, the costs associated with maintaining WAP sites could be significantly reduced. The management system also allows the system manager to define the relevance of numerals and keywords for removing unimportant or meaningless contents. The original contents will be reduced and reorganized to fit the size of mobile phone screens, thus reducing the communication cost and enhancing readability. Numerical results gained through various experiments have evinced the effective performance of the WAP management system.
|
399,327 |
Please write an abstract with title: Euler–Lagrange equations for full topology optimization of the Q-factor in leaky cavities, and key words: Q-factor, Optical diffraction, Perturbation methods, Optical switches, Pareto optimization, Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions, Topology. Abstract: We derive Euler–Lagrange equations for the structural optimization of exponential decay rate of standing waves in 3-D leaky optical cavities. This leads to a new class of time-harmonic differential or integro-differential equations, which can be written as nonlinear Maxwell equations with switching functions of special types. Our approach is based on the notion of Pareto optimal frontier and on the multi-parameter perturbation theory for eigenvalues.
|
399,328 |
Please write an abstract with title: Robust optimization of experimental designs in microelectronics processes using a stochastic approach, and key words: Robustness, Design optimization, Design for experiments, Microelectronics, Stochastic processes, US Department of Energy, Uncertainty, Space technology, Optimization methods, Distribution functions. Abstract: Design of Experiments (DOE) is a structured approach widely used in the Microelectronics industry for over 20 years to study physical phenomena with simultaneous factors and responses. Today this methodology is in daily use to optimize process and products. With this in mind most DOE software's available on the market introduced since around five years ago have included the Desirability functions of Derringer (1980). Desirability functions permit the optimization simultaneously of several characteristics in the same experimental space. This first step in multi-response optimization was absolutely essential for industrial use of DOE, but this approach's weakness is that it is based on a deterministic optimization model. The provided optimum does not guarantee the robustness of the solution because it does not take into account uncertainty on factors and Response model coefficients. For this reason we are deploying at STMicroelectronics a multi-response optimization solution based on a stochastic approach of optimum's research. It takes into account uncertainty on factors and on coefficients of all the response models. The obtained solution provides a distribution function for the optimized criteria, which permits us to appreciate the statistically determined robustness. The different steps of optimization will be detailed. An example of application, for an advanced metal etch process in 0.18 /spl mu/m technology, will be presented. This permits us to point out the contribution of the stochastic solution to the process robustness and to compare it to the deterministic solution. In this example, the localization between optimums was different in the experimental space. The two solutions were tested and the physical results concluded that the better prediction was obtained with the stochastic optimum. The retained solution for industrialization was obviously the stochastic optimum.
|
399,329 |
Please write an abstract with title: Robust PI design for a benchmark nonlinear boiler, and key words: Robustness, Boilers, Control systems, Robust control, Nonlinear control systems, Three-term control, Uncertainty, Mathematical model, Design methodology, Genetic algorithms. Abstract: Robust PI controllers are designed for a benchmark boiler system. The controllers aim to maximize the disturbance rejection performance while keeping the robustness of the closed-loop system to a given degree. The designed PI controllers are shown to achieve better performance and better robustness than a manually tuned decentralized PI controller. The results can serve as a basis for comparison with controllers designed with advanced control techniques.
|
399,330 |
Please write an abstract with title: Ultrabright tunable photon-pair source with total-flux polarization-entanglement, and key words: Photonics Society, Tunable circuits and devices, Optical polarization, Optical filters, Frequency, Filtering, Stimulated emission, Optical pumping, Quantum entanglement, Testing. Abstract: We demonstrate a continuous-wave dual-pump tunable source of polarization-entangled photons that requires no spectral or spatial filtering and emits ten times more pairs per mW of pump than pervious sources.
|
399,331 |
Please write an abstract with title: Adaptive reduced-rank MMSE filtering with interpolated FIR filters and adaptive interpolators, and key words: Finite impulse response filter, Adaptive filters, Wiener filter, Echo cancellers, Filtering algorithms, Convergence, Cost function, Nonlinear filters, Adaptive equalizers, Vectors. Abstract: In this letter, we propose a broadly applicable reduced-rank filtering approach with adaptive interpolated finite impulse response (FIR) filters in which the interpolator is rendered adaptive. We describe the interpolated minimum mean squared error (MMSE) solution and propose normalized least mean squares (NLMS) and affine-projection (AP) algorithms for both the filter and the interpolator. The resulting filtering structures are considered for equalization and echo cancellation applications. Simulation results showing significant improvements are presented for different scenarios.
|
399,332 |
Please write an abstract with title: Large-area deposition for crystalline silicon on glass modules, and key words: Crystallization, Silicon, Glass, Costs, Photovoltaic systems, Solar power generation, Heart, Manufacturing processes, Displays, Construction industry. Abstract: This paper presents the current status of the Crystalline Silicon on Glass (CSG) technology for low-cost photovoltaic modules that is being developed at Pacific Solar. This technology combines the low manufacturing cost of large-area monolithic construction with the established durability of crystalline silicon. The heart of the manufacturing sequence for this technology is the PECVD silicon deposition process. Equipment developed for the flat-panel display industry appears to meet the requirements for this process. A single-chamber KAI-800 system from Unaxis has been installed at Pacific Solar that deposits silicon layers onto 0.7-m/sup 2/ sheets of textured glass. Initial results using this equipment are reported, including data for deposition rate, uniformity, manufacturing cost, and the performance of small modules made using material deposited in this system.
|
399,333 |
Please write an abstract with title: A mass-spring-damper model of a bouncing ball, and key words: Damping, Equations, Mechanical factors, Shock absorbers, Frequency, Physics, Aerodynamics, Industrial engineering, Mechanical systems, Mechanical variables measurement. Abstract: The mechanical properties of a vertically dropped ball, represented by an equivalent mass-spring-damper model, are related to the coefficient of restitution and the time of contact of the ball during one bounce with the impacting surface. In addition, it is shown that the coefficient of restitution and contact time of a single bounce are related to the total number of bounces and the total time elapsing between dropping the ball and the ball coming to rest. For a ball with significant bounce, approximate expressions for model parameters, i.e., stiffness and damping or equivalently natural frequency and damping ratio, are developed. Experimentally based results for a bouncing pingpong ball are presented.
|
399,334 |
Please write an abstract with title: Telecom Operator Knowledge Graphs Reasoning for Question Answering, and key words: Training, Industries, Information science, Computational modeling, Semantics, Reinforcement learning, Syntactics. Abstract: Telecom operators generate complex business systems to meet different needs of users, which causes difficulties for users to obtain relevant information. To address this problem, this paper proposes a KGQA method for complex queries in the telecom operator domain, which semantically understands the input query, converts the multi-constraint problem into a multi-constraint query graph, and thus obtains structured query statements. In the process of constraint binding, the beam search mechanism is used to effectively reduce the search space of relations and entities and improve the parsing efficiency. Finally, the model uses reinforcement learning based optimization to maximize the expected payoff in the absence of inference path annotations. Experiments on real dataset shows, compared with existing methods, the method proposed in this paper has better performance.
|
399,335 |
Please write an abstract with title: Calibration and Validation of Satellite Altimeters in Qinghai Lake, and key words: Global navigation satellite system, Satellite broadcasting, Terrestrial atmosphere, Lakes, Calibration, Delays, Tides. Abstract: A campaign has been conducted in Qinghai Lake from July 10 to September 26, 2019. The destination of the campaign was to calibrate and validate the HY-2B and Sentinel-3A/B altimeters. A tide gauge was used to measure the water surface of the lake. A dedicated GNSS buoy was placed at the footprints of the altimeters and the tide gauge location, to measure the water surface difference between them. A static GNSS station was also placed as a reference for the GNSS buoy and then define the datum of the tide gauge. 11 radiosondes were released at the same location with the static GNSS station to achieve the wet troposphere delay (WTD). The WTD difference was 6.40 ± 5.95 mm compared with the static GNSS station derived ones. At last, the altimeters were calibrated using the tide gauge. The calibration results were + 3.38 ± 4.46 cm, −1.38 ± 4.09 cm and +2.88 ± 4.10 cm for HY-2B, Sentinel-3A and Sentinel-3B, respectively. The results showed good agreements with the cross-calibration and other calibration site.
|
399,336 |
Please write an abstract with title: A Petri Net-Based Traffic Rerouting System by Adopting Traffic Lights and Dynamic Message Signs, and key words: Visualization, Roads, Petri nets, Smart transportation, Sensors, Vehicle dynamics, Traffic congestion. Abstract: This paper designs a rerouting system for preventing large-scale urban traffic congestion by adopting traffic lights and dynamic message signs. The system can not only stop the vehicles driving toward the traffic jams but also recommend vehicles of driving to some directions at signalized intersections or the U-turn road section. As a visual and mathematical formalism of modeling discrete-event dynamic systems, timed Petri nets (TPNs) can describe the control and cooperation of traffic lights and dynamic message signs. The behavioral properties of the rerouting system such as reachability, boundedness, liveness, and reversibility are verified based on TPN. Besides, the correctness of the system without any traffic flow conflict is ensured. A case study is given to illustrate our method.
|
399,337 |
Please write an abstract with title: Methodology for Accurate Hotspot Prediction by Upscale Spatiotemporal Resolution of Temperature Sensing using a Power Meter and Resistor-Capacitor Thermal Model, and key words: Temperature sensors, Temperature measurement, Meters, Performance evaluation, Temperature distribution, Thermal resistance, Predictive models. Abstract: Accurate temperature monitoring for the entire area of a die with fine time resolution is crucial for maximizing device performance. For mobile devices in particular, it is necessary to control die temperature within operation boundaries to minimize leakage power and operating voltage to maximize benchmark performance within a limited power budget. However, it is difficult to measure the temperature of the entire area of a SOC die with fine time resolution by using conventional temperature sensors because the number of temperature sensors is limited and time interval for sensing with an analog circuit is in the range of several milliseconds. We propose a methodology for predicting the temperature of the entire chip area with high time resolution by upscaling the spatial and temporal resolution of the temperature distribution on the die using a power meter and thermal RC model. Superposition of the temperature response from multiple heat sources is used to obtain a temperature gradient. Interpolation is then used to obtain temperature with high resolution in the time interval by using a thermal RC model and monitored power, which can be obtained for every few nanoseconds. By using a CFD simulation, we validate the proposed method.
|
399,338 |
Please write an abstract with title: Two Compact Three-Phase Multilevel Inverters for Low-Voltage Applications, and key words: Topology, Inverters, Capacitors, Switches, Pulse width modulation, Multilevel inverters, Costs. Abstract: In this article, two compact three-phase multilevel inverters are proposed. The first proposed topology consists of three dc sources and ten power switches. The merit of the first proposed topology is reducing two switches from its structure to the conventional topologies. The second proposed topology is similar to the first one, except that one of the dc sources is replaced by a capacitor. This capacitor is balanced by an additional switch and one of the dc sources. How to apply two modulation methods for these inverters has been studied in detail. These modulation methods are level-shifted pulsewidth modulation and phase-shifted pulsewidth modulation (PS-PWM). Also, the value of the capacitor for each of the modulation methods has been calculated. Finally, the experimental results are provided to confirm the performance of the proposed topologies.
|
399,339 |
Please write an abstract with title: Efficient Integration Model of MAS and Blockchain for emergence of Self-Organized Smart Grids, and key words: Software packages, Microgrids, Distribution networks, Peer-to-peer computing, Smart grids, Blockchains, Topology. Abstract: This paper introductory presents a multi agent system model that uses blockchain as the basic technology for successful integration of advanced management solutions into a smart grid environment, realized through the SEGIP project. The paper explains the need for innovative management solutions and provides an overview of energy exchange based on peer-to-peer trading. Additionally, the paper covers the role of a multi-agent system in effective integration and outlines the structure of the proposed project solution. The functioning of such a smart grid is explained through a description of the roles and interactions of different actors, and a smart contract proposal is described through an example of a transaction between different types of network nodes. The conclusion completes everything presented in the paper and confirms the validity of the presented approach.
|
399,340 |
Please write an abstract with title: Batteryless Wireless Water Leak Detection System, and key words: Leak detection, Energy harvesting, Supercapacitors, Mesh networks, Bluetooth, Buildings. Abstract: Water leaks are common source of loss and damage in buildings, which gives rise to a demand for effective and affordable leak detection systems. Here, a novel leak detection system is proposed, utilizing energy-generating leak detection sensors. A custom PCB is fabricated to power a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) beacon from the sensor output, eliminating the need for an external power source, such as a battery. The BLE beacon signals are integrated into a novel Bluetooth mesh network for endpoint user notification. A multi-node version of the system was tested and found to be functional, showing the scalability of the design. The system is self-resetting after leaks are no longer present, removing need for human intervention to reset individual devices in the network.
|
399,341 |
Please write an abstract with title: A Review on Fault-Tolerant Control for Robots, and key words: Degradation, Redundancy, Fault tolerant systems, Interference, Market research, Hardware, Robots. Abstract: Faults are inevitable to occur, especially those robots in hazardous environments. Robots need to detect faults, and implement Fault-Tolerant Control (FTC) for minimizing performance degradation. In order to solve these problems, people have studied it from a number of points of view to achieve robot FTC. This paper summarizes the development status of robot FTC.
|
399,342 |
Please write an abstract with title: A 1 GHz linearized CMOS track-and-hold circuit, and key words: Circuits, Sampling methods, Switches, Threshold voltage, Signal sampling, MOSFETs, Frequency, Receivers, Base stations, MOS devices. Abstract: A simple solution for linearization of the MOS sampling switch is proposed. It improves the SFDR of a T/H circuit and is suitable for high-speed applications. Sampling at a constant gate-source voltage minimizes sampling errors due to variable MOS sampling switch ON-conductance and channel charge injection, and also eliminates input-dependent sampling instant variation. The proposed linearized T/H circuit is fabricated in a 0.35-/spl mu/m CMOS process. Test measurements show the sampling of a 1 GHz signal.
|
399,343 |
Please write an abstract with title: Comparison of Tree Based Classifications and Neural Network Based Classification, and key words: Vegetation, Data models, Data mining, Biological neural networks, Random forests, Neurons, Impurities. Abstract: In this paper, we empirically analyze and compare the performance of neural network-based classification (MLP) and decision tree based classifications (CART and Random Tree) on data sets with banking and medical purpose information. We included structural parameters for distinguishing the classification methods. We also introduced up sampling and down sampling along with feature selection and found a more detailed analysis of the Precision, Recall, F1 score, Area under the Curve, Test and Train accuracies which are necessary in order to judge the performance of the learning and classification method of all the models. However, we identified some limitations involved with these sampling techniques during the research such as loss of vital data and overfitting outcomes.
|
399,344 |
Please write an abstract with title: Design and fabrication of a bio-material property measurement system, and key words: Fabrication, Force measurement, Material properties, In vitro, Diseases, Endoscopes, Tendons, Materials testing, Probes, Force control. Abstract: Recently, diseases in gastro-intestinal tract have drastically increased. As a result, endoscopic technologies are being developed to diagnose and treat these diseases. Biomaterial property is essential information to develop endoscopic devices especially capsule type endoscope. For the past decades, experiments to obtain material property of gastro-intestinal tract are performed on in-vitro state. Therefore, material properties of digestive organs are not in-vivo test result but in-vitro result. In this research, we design, develop, and fabricate a bio-material property measurement (BMPM) system. The measuring system consists of a probing device, tendon device and suction part. The probe measures the force transmitted from the biomaterial as the sensing module protrudes based on the tendon controls, while the suction device seizes the organ. By using the system, we can measure the local deformation force and the piercing force. The measured deformation and piercing force data can be used for the locomotive and clamping mechanism design of the capsule type endoscope. In order to evaluate the validity of the BMPM, we perform the operation in an esophagus, stomach and colon of a pig. In conclusion, we could measure each organ's material properties under in-vitro state without dissection of digestive organs. Some in-vivo test results are expected to design endoscopic devices using the proposed BMPM system.
|
399,345 |
Please write an abstract with title: Distributed Precoding for Virtual Sum-Rate Maximization in Network Massive MIMO Systems, and key words: Network massive MIMO, distributed precoding, MM algorithm. Abstract: This paper investigates the distributed precoding for network massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) communications without data sharing between cells. In order to restrict the information exchange, which imposes significant requirements on signaling overhead, we first reformulate the original weighted sum-rate maximization problem into a cell-specific form. With this reformulated problem, we take a virtual weighted sumrate, whose expression only depends on precoders in a single cell and some initial values, as the objective function of an approximated problem. A stationary point of this non-concave virtual weighted sum-rate maximization problem is then achieved iteratively through the minorize-maximize (MM) algorithm. After exchanging a virtual covariance matrix generated locally, each base station (BS) can solely optimize its precoding matrix in parallel without any exchange during the optimization procedure. Numerical results show that the proposed method performs well in the sense of achievable sum-rate.
|
399,346 |
Please write an abstract with title: The Development of CCD Analog TV Line Stores, and key words: Charge coupled devices, TV, Bandwidth, Silicon, Image storage, Circuit noise, Spatial resolution, Signal resolution, Leakage current, Noise level. Abstract: This correspondence discusses the development of analog TV line stores with very low spatial noise and wide signal bandwidth. These devices are fabricated on a buried n-channel silicon gate process which exhibits low thermal leakage and low leakage spike density. A 768-stage and an 850-stage store have been designed. The problems which have been encountered during the development and their solutions are described.
|
399,347 |
Please write an abstract with title: Multi-layer QoS Analysis of IEEE 802.11bd Based VANET for Safety Applications, and key words: Vehicular ad hoc networks, Quality of service, Physical layer, Safety, Reliability, IEEE 802.11 Standard, Signal to noise ratio. Abstract: The safety-critical applications of Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) call for wireless communication systems with high reliability and low transmission latency. Recently, a very promising communication system standardized as IEEE 802.11 bd was proposed and studied to address the reliability deficiency of IEEE 802.11 P based Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC) system in the adverse vehicular situations. Seamless evolution of radio access technology from IEEE 802.11p to IEEE 802.11bd have undergone performance improvement evaluations in the physical layer. However, the impact of the enhancements on the network layer and safety services in V ANETs remain unknown. In this paper, we conduct analysis of IEEE 802.11bd beyond the physical layer. First, the performance gains of IEEE 802.11bd comparing to IEEE 802.11p in the physical layer are summarized. Then, packet loss rate (PLR) curves as a function of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in the physical layer are quantified and connected to the quality of service (QoS) metrics in the MAC layer, while considering the effect of channel access and interference among network nodes. Furthermore, application-level analysis is conducted to identify if the proposed IEEE 802.11bd can meet the QoS requirements of the selected safety applications where IEEE 802.11p previously failed. Finally, constructive conclusions are presented on IEEE 802.11bd's suitability for V ANET critical safety services and future developments.
|
399,348 |
Please write an abstract with title: A method of self-generating fuzzy rule base via genetic algorithm, and key words: Genetic algorithms, Fuzzy control, Fuzzy sets, Fuzzy systems, Nonlinear control systems, Control systems, Error correction, Biological cells, Genetic mutations, Closed loop systems. Abstract: It is known that the fuzzy control rules for a control system is always built by designers with trial and error and based on their experience or some experiments. This paper introduces a genetic algorithm (GA) based method to generate a satisfactory fuzzy rule base spontaneously. With the specific structure of the chromosome, the special mutation operation and the adequate fitness function, the proposed method with GA produces a fuzzy rule base with small number of rules, suitable placement of the premise's fuzzy sets and proper location of the consequent singletons. The generated fuzzy rule base can be the controller in a closed loop system to achieve some control objective or can be a fuzzy model to approximate an unknown nonlinear system. Finally, two examples are illustrated to show the effectiveness of the proposed method on the fuzzy control design and fuzzy modeling respectively.
|
399,349 |
Please write an abstract with title: Hardware Architecture of Digital Drum Kit Using FPGA, and key words: Pressure sensors, Technological innovation, Instruments, Music, Hardware, Field programmable gate arrays, Monitoring. Abstract: Digital drums are the exact copy of real acoustic drums but the sound comes from it is not natural, the digital drum produces the prerecorded sound from its memory and electronic system. The real acoustic drum can be played by hitting the membrane of drum cylinder by drum sticks, but in case of digital there is no concept of membrane, the pressure sensor senses the hitting velocity and pressure, and sends the signal to the electronics system, these signals are the only things which trigger the correct sound track and effects. The following paper demonstrates the designing of Hardware architecture of the digital drums by using FPGA.
|
399,350 |
Please write an abstract with title: Electrode Shifts Estimation and Adaptive Correction for Improving Robustness of sEMG-Based Recognition, and key words: Electrodes, Feature extraction, Training, Robots, Data acquisition, Adaptation models, Estimation. Abstract: In sEMG-based recognition systems, accuracy is severely worsened by disturbances, such as electrode shifts by doffing/donning. Traditional recognition models are fixed or static, with limited abilities to work in the presence of the disturbances. In this paper, a transfer learning method is proposed to reduce the impact of electrode shifts. In the proposed method, a novel activation angle is introduced to locate electrodes within a polar coordinate system. An adaptive transformation is utilized to correct electrode-shifted sEMG samples. The transformation is based on estimated shifts relative to the initial position. The experiments acquisition data from ten subjects consist of sEMG signals under eight gestures in seven or nine arbitrary positions, and recorded shifts from a 3D-printed annular ruler. In our extensive experiments, the errors between recorded shifts (as the reference) and estimated shifts is about -0.017±0.13 radians. Eight gestures recognition results have shown an average accuracy around 79.32%, which represents a significant improvement over the 35.72% (p <; 0.0001) average accuracy of results obtained using nonadaptive models, and 60.99% (p <; 0.0001) results of the other method iGLCM (an improved gray-level co-occurrence matrix). More importantly, by only using one-label samples, the proposed method updates the pre-trained model in an initial position. As a result, the pre-trained model can be adaptively corrected to recognize eight-label gestures in arbitrarily rotary positions. It is proven a highly efficient way to relieve subjects' re-training burden of sEMG-based rehabilitation systems.
|
399,351 |
Please write an abstract with title: Deep Learning Transforming the Manufacturing Industry: A Case Study, and key words: Manufacturing industries, Deep learning, Cranes, Tracking, Surveillance, Object detection, Maintenance engineering. Abstract: The traditional manufacturing industry uses decades-old technology and manual processes that are expensive, laborious, redundant, and a slight human error can cost millions of dollars. With the industrial revolution 4.0, industries are adopting intelligent additions and modifications into their systems involving robotics and internet of things (IoT) based technology, which can help in their operations. Artificial intelligence and machine learning have revolutionized every field, and the manufacturing industry has also started to reap its benefits. In this case study, we have explained the applications of deep learning-based approaches contributing to the automation of surveillance of production lines. Several cameras are installed to collect live feeds on the floor lines where the manually operated cranes and different tasks it performs are detected and tracked by state-of-the-art Convolutional Neural Network-based YOLOv3, an object detection model, and DeepSORT tracking algorithm. The post-processing is done on the matrices generated. It varies based on the use case and helps the manufacturers with automated inspection, quality control, and labor productivity. This process will save millions of dollars per year just in the crane maintenance operation for our industry partner's client. The developed technology can be replicated in almost every manufacturing industry using traditional methods and provide them better key insights into their production lines.
|
399,352 |
Please write an abstract with title: DTC with Interval Type-2 Fuzzy for Induction Motor Drive, and key words: Induction motor drives, Total harmonic distortion, Torque, PI control, Voltage source inverters, Switching frequency, Torque control. Abstract: Direct torque control (DTC) used for the quickresponse of induction motor by controlling the torque. Operation with conventional DTC has some disadvantages of variable switching frequency with high ripple in torque. So, DTC-SVPWM with Proportional Integral (PI) controller is used which provides constant switching frequency with low ripples in torque. With the induction motor drive’s poor dynamic performance, the PI direct torque control (PIDTC) produces significant torque ripples. To improve the torque ripples of induction motor drive (IMD), interval type 2 fuzzy (IT2F) direct torque control is used. In IT2FDTC, PI were replaced to fuzzy 2 controller. By making use of IF and THEN rules in the Mamdani method for IT2FDTC the data were used effectively. For type reduction in IT2FDTC centroid method is preferred. The IT2FDTC has less flux and torque ripples, as well as lower current total harmonic distortion (THD). Furthermore, when compared to PIDTC, IT2FDTC has a faster dynamic performance of the IMD. Continuous tuning of gain is required in PI controller; hence the performance would be difficult. So, fuzzy technique is proposed for better performance. In this proposed work the speed is settled early and torque ripples are minimized than the conventional PIDTC. The comparison table of PIDTC and IT2FDTC is also included.
|
399,353 |
Please write an abstract with title: Remote blackstart of steam electric station, and key words: Power generation, Reactive power, Combustion, Turbines, Low voltage, System testing, Electricity supply industry, Power supplies, Power system economics, Power generation economics. Abstract: The remote blackstart operation is a significant industry problem because a considerable portion of the electricity is supplied by base-loaded steam electric units. These units are located remote from the load centers supplying power over high- and extra-high voltage lines, they generally have no blackstart capability and need considerable off-site power for startup operations. The critical time allowed for their hot restart is 45 to 60 minutes, and their cold restart requires an elapsed time of 3 to 4 hours after outage. On the other-hand, combustion turbine units are installed close to the load centers, they are used as cycling units to meet the daily peak demands, need no off-site power for startups, and can be started in 5 to 15 minutes. Although they have not been designed, nor intended as the blackstart source, they can be an economical and a very attractive option for the remote blackstart of steam electric units, provided they meet the reactive power requirements. This paper examines the feasibility of blackstarting a steam electric station by a remote combustion turbine station. The feasibility is demonstrated in a 12-bus system that is in operation in a Mid-western utility.
|
399,354 |
Please write an abstract with title: SOC Estimation of Lithium Battery based on Fuzzy Kalman Filter Algorithm, and key words: Uncertainty, Estimation, Lithium batteries, Inference algorithms, Kalman filters, Mathematical model, State of charge. Abstract: Aiming at predicting problem for the charged state of lithium batteries in electric vehicles(EV), an algorithm derived from fuzzy extended kalman filter is proposed on the basis of large estimation deviation of traditional methods. A second-order RC equivalent circuit model combining Thevenin and RC network is established to recognize the parameters for the battery model. A fuzzy controller is added into the traditional kalman filter algorithm to evaluate the state of charge (SOC) for battery from this paper. Using Matlab to verify, as well as the simulation results indicate the improved way enhances the accuracy of the estimated SOC.
|
399,355 |
Please write an abstract with title: Packet Batching for Reducing System Resource Consumption for Botnet Detection using Network Traffic Analysis, and key words: Botnet, Memory management, Clustering algorithms, Machine learning, Telecommunication traffic, Benchmark testing, Rapid prototyping. Abstract: The Computer architecture research extensively studies system resource consumption by algorithms and applications. On the other hand, Machine Learning (ML) research focuses on obtaining high levels of accuracy without any computational constraint. The typical approach for addressing the need for higher compute power and system resources for ML tasks is to add more hardware and employ lighter frameworks (e.g., using TensorFlow Lite and PyTorch Mobile instead of TensorFlow and Pytorch, respectively). Extensive use of ML models for applications, especially in Internet of Things (IoT) security requires investigation of resource consumption of ML models. Most tasks employing Artificial Intelligence/ Machine Learning need to choose appropriate models judiciously considering the system resources consumed. Therefore it is required to investigate various ML techniques and benchmark them in terms of the system resources (CPU and memory) consumed, especially for IoT applications employing ML/ DL methods. In this work, we benchmark and explore network packet clustering and its impact on the trade-off between performance metrics (Accuracy, F1 score) and system resources (CPU and memory) consumed by the commonly used ML algorithms in the context of botnet detection in IoT networks. We focus on system resources consumed by ML algorithms and not on optimising ML algorithms for resource constraints or application workloads. We show that system resource consumption decreases with increase in aggregation size, with at least 20 % improvement in F1 scores but a slight reduction in accuracy. Based on application context and system constraints, appropriate packet batch sizes and ML algorithms can be thus chosen for more rapid prototyping of AI/ ML based applications.
|
399,356 |
Please write an abstract with title: Parking space allocation based on multi-objective intelligent optimization algorithm, and key words: Analytical models, Adaptation models, Atmospheric modeling, Computational modeling, Transportation industry, Buildings, Airports. Abstract: Parking lot is an important resource in the airport. In order to adapt to the rapid development of China's civil aviation transportation industry, the airport improves work efficiency and passenger satisfaction by building and effectively allocating parking lot. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of flight occupied stands, this paper constructs a multi-objective optimization model and algorithm of stand allocation simulation. In order to meet the needs of flight allocation, we need to find the most satisfactory allocation scheme for transit passengers. Computer simulation is used to simulate and analyze the model and algorithm, and the optimal allocation result is obtained. The simulation results show that the model and algorithm have a certain application value for the future airport parking lot construction and allocation, and can provide reference for other airport planning.
|
399,357 |
Please write an abstract with title: Transmission Network Dynamic Planning Based on a Double Deep-Q Network With Deep ResNet, and key words: Planning, Power system reliability, Reliability, Task analysis, Reinforcement learning, Power system dynamics, Load modeling. Abstract: Based on a Double Deep-Q Network with deep ResNet (DDQN-ResNet), this paper proposes a novel method for transmission network expansion planning (TNEP). Since TNEP is a large scale and mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) problem, as the transmission network scale and the optimal constraints increase, the numerical calculation and heuristic learning-based methods suffer from heavy computational complexities in calculation and training. Besides, due to the black box characteristic, the solution processes of the heuristic learning-based methods are inexplicable and usually require repeated training. By using DDQN-ResNet, this paper constructs a high-performance and flexible method to solve large-scale and complex-constrained TNEP problem. Firstly, we form a two-objective TNEP model, in which one objective is to minimize the comprehensive cost, and another objective is to maximize the transmission network reliability. The comprehensive cost takes into account the expansion cost, the network loss cost, and the maintenance cost. The transmission network reliability is evaluated by the expected energy not served (EENS) and the electrical betweenness. Secondly, from the TNEP model, the TNEP task is constructed based on the Markov decision process. By abstracting the task, the TNEP environment is obtained for DDQN-ResNet. In addition, to identify the construction value of lines, an agent is establish based on DDQN-ResNet. Finally, we perform the static planning and visualize the reinforcement learning process. The dynamic planning is realized by reusing the training experience. The validity and flexibility of DDQN-ResNet are verified on RTS 24-bus test system.
|
399,358 |
Please write an abstract with title: A Generalized Framework for Joint Dynamic Optimal RF Interface Setting and Next-Hop Selection in IoT Networks With Similar Requests, and key words: Radio frequency, Machine-to-machine communications, Relays, Heuristic algorithms, Wireless fidelity, Long Term Evolution, Interference. Abstract: Many applications which run on the Internet-of-Things machines require similar bandwidths. These machines are equipped with multiple Radio Frequency (RF) interfaces for machine-to-machine or machine-to-Base Station (BS) communications. For efficient use of these equipment and data rate maximization in networks with multiple BSs and sources with similar requests, we propose a generalized framework. This framework solves the joint dynamic optimal RF interface setting and next-hop selection problem, by transforming this problem into a new optimization problem that can be solved by the Hungarian algorithm. Simulation results show that using the proposed framework, the average data rate of sources increases up to 117%.
|
399,359 |
Please write an abstract with title: High-current clamp for fast-response load transitions of DC-DC converter, and key words: Clamps, DC-DC power converters, Inductors, Circuit topology, Switches, Voltage control, Capacitors, Inductance, Equations, Circuit synthesis. Abstract: A new fast-response high-current clamp DC-DC converter circuit design is presented that will meet the requirements and features of the new generation of microprocessors and digital systems. The clamp in the proposed converter amplifies and absorbs the current in case of severe load changes and is able to produce high slew rate of load current and capability to keep constant the output voltage.
|
399,360 |
Please write an abstract with title: Angular Margin-Mining Softmax Loss for Face Recognition, and key words: Face recognition, Measurement, Feature extraction, Optimization, Convolutional neural networks, Deep learning. Abstract: Face recognition methods have been significantly improved in recent years owing to the advances made in loss functions. Typically, loss functions are designed to enhance the separability power by concentrating on hard samples in mining-based approaches or by increasing the feature margin between different classes in margin-based approaches. However, margin-based methods lack the utilization of informative hard sample, and mining-based methods also fail to learn the latent correlations between classes. Moreover, there are no methods that simultaneously consider the effects of hard samples and feature margin through the same shape of feature angular margin. Therefore, this paper introduces the Angular Margin-Mining Softmax (AMM-Softmax) loss function, which adaptively emphasizes hard samples while also increasing the decision margins. The proposed AMM-Softmax loss function introduces a linear angular margin for hard samples, enabling the direct optimization of the geodesic distance margin and maximization of class separability. Furthermore, the proposed AMM-Softmax loss function is computationally efficient and can be easily converged by rapidly switching from the hard samples to easy samples. The results of the extensive experimental analyses conducted on popular benchmarks demonstrate the superiority of the proposed AMM-Softmax loss function over the existing state-of-the-art methods.
|
399,361 |
Please write an abstract with title: Decentralized Low-Rank State Estimation for Power Distribution Systems, and key words: State estimation, Voltage measurement, Correlation, Time measurement, Signal processing algorithms, Standards, Phasor measurement units. Abstract: This article considers the low-observability state estimation problem in power distribution networks and develops a decentralized state estimation algorithm leveraging the matrix completion methodology. Matrix completion has been shown to be an effective technique in state estimation that exploits the low dimensionality of the power system measurements to recover missing information. This technique can utilize an approximate (linear) load flow model, or it can be used with no physical models in a network where no information about the topology or line admittance is available. The direct application of matrix completion algorithms requires solving a semi-definite programming (SDP) problem, which becomes computationally challenging for large networks. We therefore develop a decentralized algorithm that capitalizes on the popular proximal alternating direction method of multipliers (proximal ADMM). The method allows us to distribute the computation among different areas of the network, leading to a scalable algorithm. By doing all computations at individual control areas and only communicating with neighboring areas, the algorithm eliminates the need for data to be sent to a central processing unit and thus increases efficiency and contributes to the goal of autonomous control of distribution networks. We illustrate the advantages of the proposed algorithm numerically using standard IEEE test cases.
|
399,362 |
Please write an abstract with title: A Collaborative VR Murder Mystery using Photorealistic User Representations, and key words: Three-dimensional displays, Navigation, Conferences, Virtual environments, Collaboration, Medical services, Streaming media. Abstract: The VRTogether project has developed a Social VR platform for remote communication and collaboration. The hyper-realistic representation of users, as volumetric video, allows for natural interaction in a virtual environment with others. This video shows one of the use cases, an escape room style, where remote users need to collaboratively resolve a murder mystery. The experience takes place in the victim's apartment where the police team (avatars) together with up to four real-time captured users (point clouds), work as a team to find clues and come up with a conclusion about what happened to the victim and who was the criminal. This experience includes a layer of interaction, enabling the users to interact with the environment, by touching objects, and to talk to the characters. It also allows for navigating between the rooms of the apartment. The experience provides immersion and social connectedness, where users are protagonists of the story, sharing the virtual environment and following the narrative. The combination of virtual reality environments (space and characters) with novel technologies for real-time volumetric video conferencing enables unique new experiences in a number of areas such as healthcare, broadcasting, and gaming.
|
399,363 |
Please write an abstract with title: Evolution of Special Grain Boundaries and Relative Grain-Boundary Energy in Phosphorus-Doped Polysilicon Films under Annealing, and key words: Grain boundaries, Temperature distribution, Atomic force microscopy, Annealing, Transmission electron microscopy, Films, Atomic layer deposition. Abstract: The effect of annealing on the grain-boundary structure and the relative grain-boundary energy of phosphorus-doped polysilicon films, obtained by low-pressure chemical vapor deposition, was studied by transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The obtained distributions of the types of grain boundaries for different annealing temperatures showed that a significant part of the grain boundaries in polysilicon films are special grain boundaries, in particular, twin boundaries of different orders of twinning. It is assumed that the difference in the distributions of special boundaries for different annealing temperatures is due to the difference in the mechanisms of grain growth in different temperature ranges. The relative amount of a particular type of special grain boundaries in the films is determined by the annealing temperature and is the result of processes that take place when the temperature increases, in particular, the processes of growth of first-order annealing twins and splitting of high-order twin boundaries. Estimates of the relative grain-boundary energy by the method of grain-boundary grooves based on the data of atomic force microscopy, have shown that the relative grain-boundary energy decreases with an increasing of annealing temperature. Such a decrease is due to an increase in the number of special boundaries, faceting of grain boundaries.
|
399,364 |
Please write an abstract with title: Synchronization of Complex Networks With Nondifferentiable Time-Varying Delay, and key words: Delays, Synchronization, Adaptive control, Complex networks, Couplings, Symmetric matrices. Abstract: In this article, we investigate the synchronization of complex networks with general time-varying delay, especially with nondifferentiable delay. In the literature, the time-varying delay is usually assumed to be differentiable. This assumption is strict and not easy to verify in engineering. Until now, the synchronization of networks with nondifferentiable delay through adaptive control remains a challenging problem. By analyzing the boundedness of the adaptive control gain and extending the well-known Halanay inequality, we solve this problem and establish several synchronization criteria for networks under the centralized adaptive control and networks under the decentralized adaptive control. Particularly, the boundedness of the centralized adaptive control gain is theoretically proved. Numerical simulations are provided to verify the theoretical results.
|
399,365 |
Please write an abstract with title: Ultra-wideband channel model for communication around the human body, and key words: Ultra wideband technology, Biological system modeling, Humans, Antenna measurements, Antennas and propagation, Wireless sensor networks, Indoor environments, Computational modeling, Finite difference methods, Power system modeling. Abstract: Using ultra-wideband (UWB) wireless sensors placed on a person to continuously monitor health information is a promising new application. However, there are currently no detailed models describing the UWB radio channel around the human body making it difficult to design a suitable communication system. To address this problem, we have measured radio propagation around the body in a typical indoor environment and incorporated these results into a simple model. We then implemented this model on a computer and compared experimental data with the simulation results. This paper proposes a simple statistical channel model and a practical implementation useful for evaluating UWB body area communication systems.
|
399,366 |
Please write an abstract with title: Residential Aggregator Risk-Constrained Profit Maximization Under Demand Response, and key words: Aggregator, day-ahead market, real-time market, conditional value at risk (CVaR), demand response (DR). Abstract: This paper proposes a stochastic model for an aggregator operating in the day-ahead and real-time markets in the distribution system. When trading in the real-time market, the aggregator faces multiple risks stemming from uncertain load and real-time market prices. As a result, deciding the retail prices of the customers in an optimal fashion is a challenging task. This paper proposes a stochastic optimization model to determine the optimal day-ahead retail prices that a residential aggregator offers to its customers under uncertainties in real-time market prices. The uncertainties in real-time prices and customers' load are modeled using stochastic programming and the aggregator's profit is quantified via Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR). When the aggregator changes the customers' hourly prices, it provides incentive to the customers to adjust their demand, which results to monetary savings for the customers and the aggregator. A case study is implemented to show the validity of the proposed stochastic model.
|
399,367 |
Please write an abstract with title: Vertical handoffs in fourth-generation multinetwork environments, and key words: Wireless communication, Wireless LAN, Radio link, Ubiquitous computing, Access protocols, Intelligent networks, Satellite broadcasting, Context, 3G mobile communication, Multiaccess communication. Abstract: Revolutionary drivers for 4G include a push toward universal wireless access and ubiquitous computing through seamless personal and terminal mobility. One of the major challenges for seamless mobility is the criterion of a vertical handoff protocol: a handoff protocol for users that move between different types of networks. Traditional operations for handoff detection policies, decision metrics, and radio link transfer are not able to adapt to dynamic handoff criteria or react to user inputs and changing network availabilities. Nor are they able to deliver context-aware services or ensure network interoperability. Thus, new techniques are needed to manage user mobility between different types of networks. This article presents a tutorial on the design and performance issues for vertical hand-off in an envisioned multinetwork fourth-generation environment. Various network architectures and technologies for 3G and beyond are described, including wireless LANs, cellular, satellite, and Mobile IP. Then the problem of vertical handoff is defined in the context of such a diverse network environment. Finally, research efforts to resolve the open problems are explored, including new techniques for dynamic handoff decision and detection algorithms and context-aware radio link transfer.
|
399,368 |
Please write an abstract with title: What Students Say About the Flipped Classroom, and key words: Education, Online services, Electronic learning, Videos, Pandemics, Reflection, Distance learning. Abstract: Flipped classroom is a teaching model that has become popular because it improves learning and student satisfaction. However, the perception of some teachers is not unanimous and there is no agreement on what factors make this model work. In this paper we analyse the opinions of our students collected over the last six years in which we have applied the flipped classroom, with the intention of studying the reasons they give for considering it a better methodology than the traditional lecture class. The opinions, collected through a survey, confirm that the flipped classroom is effective only if it is designed and implemented properly, i.e. providing good resources, making a good design of the activities, and using the class to solve doubts, receive feedback and deepen what has been learned. Feedback from the two courses affected by the pandemic, where classes were conducted online, indicates that this methodology is robust and easily adaptable to online teaching.
|
399,369 |
Please write an abstract with title: Crest lines for surface segmentation and flattening, and key words: Surface fitting, Biomedical imaging, Brain, Surface texture, Image segmentation, Cerebral cortex, Shape, Conformal mapping, Feature extraction, Medical simulation. Abstract: We present a method for extracting feature curves called crest lines from a triangulated surface. Then, we calculate the geodesic Voronoi diagram of crest lines to segment the surface into several regions. Afterward, barycentric surface flattening using theory from graph embeddings is implemented and, using the geodesic Voronoi diagram, we develop a faster surface flattening algorithm.
|
399,370 |
Please write an abstract with title: Information Security Using Image Steganography Based on Generative Adversarial Networks, and key words: Steganography, Computational modeling, Information security, Computer architecture, Generative adversarial networks, Complexity theory. Abstract: Nowadays in the field of covert communication image steganographic algorithms had become one of the most common methodology and these algorithms are used to hide the secret information such as audio, video and image files in rich textured regions to decrease the chance of being identified. In Recent times i.e., from the year 2014 the generative adversarial networks i.e., GAN's had become the most well-known architectures in the area of image steganography. However, this Generative Adversarial based image steganographic algorithms will directly hide the secret information on the entire images taken, that means here the secret information is hidden on both foreground and background part of an image, so by doing this it will not consider the regional texture complexity into account, and also this may lead to compromise with the antidetection capability also. So, to solve this problem, this research work proposes a new image steganographic technique on the generated foreground region of an image with more textures. More specifically, it can be said that by using this generative adversarial method, the foreground region of an image is generated on the given cover image at the exact position and also the secret information is embedded into the foreground region of an image at the same time during the generation of a region. In this paper, different methods of generative adversarial networks are studied and discussed.
|
399,371 |
Please write an abstract with title: Proximity in VR: The Importance of Character Attractiveness and Participant Gender, and key words: Legged locomotion, Solid modeling, Three-dimensional displays, Conferences, Computational modeling, Virtual reality, User interfaces. Abstract: In this study, we expand upon recent evidence that the motion of virtual characters affects the proximity of users who are immersed with them in virtual reality (VR). Attractive motions decrease proximity, but no effect of character gender on proximity was found. We designed a similar experiment where users observed walking motions in VR which were displayed on male and female virtual characters. Our results show similar patterns found in previous studies, while some differences related to the model of the character emerged.
|
399,372 |
Please write an abstract with title: A Computational Model of MI-EEG Association Prediction Based on SMR-DCT and LS-SVM, and key words: Support vector machines, Computational modeling, Imaging, Predictive models, Feature extraction, Brain modeling, Electroencephalography. Abstract: The theory of feature extraction and pattern classification of Motion Imaging Electroencephalogram (MI-EEG) plays an important role in Brain-computer Interface (BCI) system, which is widely used in rehabilitation medicine, intelligent control and other fields. Although advanced acquisition technologies have generated considerable EEG data for various brain areas, it has inevitable drawbacks such as high cost, time consumption, and inherently high false positive rate of existing methods. In this paper, considering the contradiction between data quantity and accuracy, we used a two-step feature extraction method based on Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) together with Least Squares Support Vector Machine (LS-SVM) to perform feature extraction and classification for single-trial MI EEG. Based on the dataset constructed from the Project BCI-EEG motor activity, the average ACC, PE, SN and MCC of seven channels in the central and temporal lobes of the brain are 90.27%, 91.28%, 89.35%, and 82.34% were obtained with 5-fold cross validation, respectively. Furthermore, the same method was applied to the BCI Competition IV dataset, and the above results were also confirmed. The performance comparison with previous prediction models show that our method used fewer channels, but the accuracy was higher and more reliable. It is anticipated that the proposed method can be used as an effective computational tool for future BCI researches.
|
399,373 |
Please write an abstract with title: A generic method for determining the up/down orientation of text in Roman and non-Roman scripts, and key words: Postal services, Optical character recognition software, Character recognition, Frequency, Facsimile, Real time systems, Automation, Text recognition, Ink, Watermarking. Abstract: This paper presents a method for determining the up/down orientation of text in a scanned document of unknown orientation. The method analyzes the "open" portions of text blobs to determine the direction in which the open portions face. By determining the respective densities of blobs opening in a pair of opposite directions (e.g., right or left), the method can establish the direction in which the text as a whole is oriented. We first discuss the orientation of Roman text based on the asymmetry in the openness of Roman letters in the horizontal direction. For non-Roman text such as Pashto and Hebrew, we determine a direction that is the most asymmetric, and therefore the most useful for orientation, given a training dataset. This direction is then used for orientation. This work can be used for automated orientation of mail, checks in ATM envelopes, and scanned, copied, or faxed documents.
|
399,374 |
Please write an abstract with title: A New Chaotic Image Watermarking Scheme Based on SVD and IWT, and key words: Watermarking, Robustness, Data mining, Transforms, Matrix decomposition, Sensitivity. Abstract: Image watermarking schemes based on singular value decomposition (SVD) have become popular due to a good trade-off between robustness and imperceptibility. However, the false positive problem (FPP) is the main drawback of SVD-based watermarking schemes. The singular value is the main cause of FPP issues because it a fixed value that does not hold structural information of an image. In this paper, a new SVD-based image watermarking scheme that uses a chaotic map is proposed to overcome this issue. The secret key is first extracted from both the host and watermark image. This key is used to generate a new chaotic matrix and chaotic multiple scaling factors (CMSF) to increase the sensitivity of the proposed scheme. The watermark image is then transformed based on the chaotic matrix before being directly embedded into the singular value of the host image by using the CMSF. The extracted secret key is unique to the host and the watermark images, which improves security and overcomes FPP issues. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme fulfils all watermarking requirements in terms of robustness, imperceptibility, security, and payload. Furthermore, it achieves high robustness with different scaling factors, and outperforms several existing schemes.
|
399,375 |
Please write an abstract with title: Swept frequency measurement of dielectric constant over 100 MHz to 18 GHz, and key words: Frequency measurement, Dielectric constant, Dielectric materials, Admittance measurement, Dielectric measurements, Antenna measurements, Magnetic materials, Position measurement, Measurement techniques, Thickness measurement. Abstract: A measurement technique is in use which permits the rapid measurement of dielectric properties of material over the frequency range of 100 MHz to 18 GHz. This non-destructive measurement is readily adaptable to continuous on-line process control, dielectric thickness measurement, and low and high temperature measurements.
|
399,376 |
Please write an abstract with title: Design of a Millimeter-Wave High-Gain Wide-Angle Scanning Phased Array Antenna, and key words: Phased arrays, Wireless communication, Azimuth, Patch antennas, Transmitting antennas, Millimeter wave radar, Radar antennas. Abstract: A two-dimensional wide-angle scanning phased array antenna working in Ka-band is proposed in this paper, which takes micro strip patch antenna as the unit. To improve the radiation efficiency, the antenna unit is designed to be L-probe proximity fed and the patch is printed on the undersurface of the substrate. With optimized design of the array antenna, an operating frequency from 34GHz to 36GHz is achieved, while the scanning angle ranges up to ±45 degree in both azimuth and elevation without large deviation in gain. Besides, the grating lobe is suppressed well within ±45 degree in E-plane pattern and H-plane pattern. The gain of the 16×16 array reaches up to 28.6dB.
|
399,377 |
Please write an abstract with title: Application of Computational Simulation and Modeling: Optimizing the Control System of High-pressure Fuel Pump, and key words: Analytical models, Computational modeling, Programming, Data models, Manufacturing, Mathematical model, Fuels. Abstract: With the development of computer technology and the improvement of information technology, computer-aided is widely used in many fields such as machinery manufacturing to improve the efficiency of skilled workers and the quality of machinery manufacturing. In this paper, the specific application of computational simulation in the design and optimization of fuel engine high-pressure fuel pump is used to simulate the workflow of high-pressure fuel pump by using programming technology to derive the optimal injection time under the condition of maintaining stable pressure. Through practical applications, this paper analyzes the advantages of computer-aided technology and explores new ways of integration with other traditional technologies to improve the informationization of traditional manufacturing industries.
|
399,378 |
Please write an abstract with title: Model-Free Control of Single-Phase Boost AC/DC Converters, and key words: Voltage control, Estimation, AC-DC power converters, Noise measurement, Vehicle dynamics, Uncertainty, Current control. Abstract: Conventionally, the benchmark proportional-integral control method is implemented to realize power factor correction and output voltage regulation of single-phase ac/dc converters. However, the performance is deteriorated due to the influence of uncertainties and disturbances, e.g., periodic input voltage and load variation. Concerning this problem, this article proposes a model-free control (MFC) strategy of single-phase ac/dc converters. The MFC principle is revisited and a frequency response analysis is presented for the algebraic estimators of uncertainties and disturbances. Consequently, the closed-loop performance of MFC systems is allowed to be analyzed in frequency domain via classical linear control theory. Based on the theoretical results, the model-free current and voltage control systems are synthesized in detail to achieve control objectives of the converter. Simulation results demonstrate the performance of MFC systems in reference tracking and disturbance rejection. The feasibility and validity of the presented MFC strategy for single-phase boost ac/dc converters is also confirmed experimentally as compared to the benchmark scheme.
|
399,379 |
Please write an abstract with title: Automatic Load-Shedding Protection at a Coal-Chemical Plant: Examining and Designing Effective Low-Frequency Backup Protection Methods, and key words: Generators, Power system stability, Power system dynamics, Stability analysis, Time-frequency analysis, Spinning, Load modeling. Abstract: This article examines and studies a coal-chemical plant through a dynamic computer model as well as designs an automatic load-shedding protection. The plant has on-site generation to support partial plant loads. In the past, disconnecting from the utility grid had caused frequency and voltage decays in the plant electrical system to dropout critical loads. A complete system computer model is constructed, including generator dynamics, excitation/automatic voltage regulators (AVRs), and prime mover/governor control characteristics. Transient stability simulations of various loading and generation conditions were carried out to understand and study system frequency and voltage behaviors and patterns of change under a sudden islanding case. This was accomplished by analyzing frequency versus time and rate of change of frequency versus time curves. Further, through carefully evaluating plant load priorities as well as load dependencies, a feasible load-shedding control scheme with backup strategies was configured and simulated by computer modeling and study. Simulation results verified that the proposed loadshedding scheme can correctly respond to frequency drop and automatically initiate the shedding of noncritical and independent loads to prevent further system frequency drop, thereby exceeding the allowable deviation. The suggested solution is automatic and feasible and has been successfully implemented at the plant.
|
399,380 |
Please write an abstract with title: Disaster hardening for software systems, and key words: Software systems, Software maintenance, Disaster management, Programming, Technology management, Robust control, Maintenance engineering, Software engineering, Solids, Resilience. Abstract: Summary form only given. We identify the important overlap between the two areas of software development and disaster mitigation. The software change management and maintenance methods can greatly benefit by ideas from disaster technology. The software developed under damage and disaster control techniques would be robust, resilient and long lasting, the virtues eminently needed in the current open-systems software environments. Importing methods and techniques from disaster engineering into software engineering can also help in dealing with the issue of emergent behaviors which are created by unexpected changes that could occur while modifying and maintaining software systems. We are starting to create solid bricks to build great software castles of the future, which are not just beautiful to look at but formidable extruding strength and resilience to support future supercritical and complex applications created in a democratically managed open systems environment. Systems on these principles will be of high quality, easy to use and maintain. They will also be cost effective because of the availability of reusable 'disaster hardened' software bricks (components).
|
399,381 |
Please write an abstract with title: Computer simulation of NMR logging, and key words: Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Computer Simulation, Random Walk, T2 distribution, tomographic images. Abstract: One of the main purposes of scientific computing is to reproduce real laboratory or "in-situ" experiments, using numerical and computational models. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has been used to characterize rock's porous formations in oil reservoirs, in laboratory tests and field. Recently, these experiments can be reproduced in the computer, using a precise model of the porous media given by micro-tomographic images of the rock sample. The NMR simulated experiments have some advantages over the real experiment, due to their efficiency and lower costs; but they can also provide a better understanding of the physical phenomenon associated to an NMR realization. In this paper, a case of this process is described: Real laboratory experiments are compared with simulated ones, and this comparison is used to improve computer simulation parameters in order to provide a better match to laboratory results. This can lead to better estimates of petrophysical deliverables and to the improvement of the computer model precision.
|
399,382 |
Please write an abstract with title: Copyright Page, and key words: Mechatronics, Conferences, Codes, Libraries, Copyright protection. Abstract: Presents the copyright information for the conference. May include reprint permission information.
|
399,383 |
Please write an abstract with title: On Reduction of Deterministic Test Pattern Sets, and key words: Dimensionality reduction, Test data compression, Costs, Design methodology, Conferences, Tools, Compaction. Abstract: Test compaction and the associated test data compression are two key components of the post-production test as they reduce test pattern counts, the resultant test data volume, test application time, and hence the cost of testing. The paper describes a method that strives to reduce the number of ATPG-produced deterministic test patterns to deliver compact test sets. In principle, it is based on a dimensionality reduction paradigm by working with a meaningful representation of test patterns using external and internal necessary assignments to determine small groups of potentially compatible faults. These faults are subsequently retargeted by the robust SAT-based ATPG and its solvers producing a single test pattern for the entire group, thus making the resultant test set smaller in size. Experimental results obtained for several industrial designs and stuck-at faults confirm superiority of the proposed scheme over state-of-the-art test set compaction techniques and are reported herein.
|
399,384 |
Please write an abstract with title: Construction of Nested Truncated Mini-max Gold Codes, and key words: Gold, Correlation, Force, Approximation algorithms, Telecommunications, Synchronization, Computational complexity. Abstract: This paper is devoted to the construction of reduced-volume ensembles (truncated ensembles) for Gold codes with optimal values of the correlation functions by the mini-max criterion. In the work, an algorithm for constructing truncated ensembles is presented, offering comparable results in relation to the exhaustive brute force search algorithm, which takes a long time. The algorithm can reduce an ensemble to any number of codes, removing the least effective codes in terms of cross-correlation. Plots of energy gain in relation to ensemble volume and comparative BER diagrams are presented.
|
399,385 |
Please write an abstract with title: Creeping wave propagation constants for impedance boundary conditions, and key words: Propagation constant, Impedance, Boundary conditions, Scattering, Diffraction, Engine cylinders, Equations, Polynomials. Abstract: Formulas are obtained for creeping wave propagation constants on objects described by impedance boundary conditions. The solutions contain the impedance as a parameter and are asymptotic in the product of wave number and radius.
|
399,386 |
Please write an abstract with title: Dense Dilated Convolutions’ Merging Network for Land Cover Classification, and key words: Semantics, Remote sensing, Computer architecture, Image segmentation, Machine learning, Task analysis, Data models. Abstract: Land cover classification of remote sensing images is a challenging task due to limited amounts of annotated data, highly imbalanced classes, frequent incorrect pixel-level annotations, and an inherent complexity in the semantic segmentation task. In this article, we propose a novel architecture called the dense dilated convolutions' merging network (DDCM-Net) to address this task. The proposed DDCM-Net consists of dense dilated image convolutions merged with varying dilation rates. This effectively utilizes rich combinations of dilated convolutions that enlarge the network's receptive fields with fewer parameters and features compared with the state-of-the-art approaches in the remote sensing domain. Importantly, DDCM-Net obtains fused local- and global-context information, in effect incorporating surrounding discriminative capability for multiscale and complex-shaped objects with similar color and textures in very high-resolution aerial imagery. We demonstrate the effectiveness, robustness, and flexibility of the proposed DDCM-Net on the publicly available ISPRS Potsdam and Vaihingen data sets, as well as the DeepGlobe land cover data set. Our single model, trained on three-band Potsdam and Vaihingen data sets, achieves better accuracy in terms of both mean intersection over union (mIoU) and F1-score compared with other published models trained with more than three-band data. We further validate our model on the DeepGlobe data set, achieving state-of-the-art result 56.2% mIoU with much fewer parameters and at a lower computational cost compared with related recent work.
|
399,387 |
Please write an abstract with title: ICE: an automated statistical approach to identifying endmembers in hyperspectral images, and key words: Ice, Hyperspectral imaging, Layout, Australia, Solid modeling, Packaging, Pixel, Reflectivity, Noise shaping, Spectral shape. Abstract: Several of the more important endmember-finding algorithms for hyperspectral data are discussed and their shortcomings highlighted. A new algorithm, ICE, which attempts to overcome these shortcomings is introduced. An example of is use is given.
|
399,388 |
Please write an abstract with title: Multi-State-Space Reasoning Reinforcement Learning for Long-Horizon RFID-Based Robotic Searching and Planning Tasks, and key words: Cognition, Robots, Task analysis, Deep learning, Robot kinematics, Complexity theory, Simultaneous localization and mapping. Abstract: In recent years, reinforcement learning (RL) has shown high potential for robotic applications. However, RL heavily relies on the reward function, and the agent merely follows the policy to maximize rewards but lacks reasoning ability. As a result, RL may not be suitable for long-horizon robotic tasks. In this paper, we propose a novel learning framework, called multiple state spaces reasoning reinforcement learning (SRRL), to endow the agent with the primary reasoning capability. First, we abstract the implicit and latent links between multiple state spaces. Then, we embed historical observations through a long short-term memory (LSTM) network to preserve long-term memories and dependencies. The proposed SRRL's ability of abstraction and long-term memory enables agents to execute long-horizon robotic searching and planning tasks more quickly and reasonably by exploiting the correlation between radio frequency identification (RFID) sensing properties and the environment occupation map. We experimentally validate the efficacy of SRRL in a visual game-based simulation environment. Our methodology outperforms three state-of-the-art baseline schemes by significant margins.
|
399,389 |
Please write an abstract with title: High-resolution radio frequency spectral analysis with photon echo chirp transform in an Er:YSO crystal, and key words: Photonic crystals, Radio frequency, Spectral analysis, Chirp, Bandwidth, Fourier transforms, Nonlinear optics, Holography, Optical filters, Optical signal processing. Abstract: We demonstrate implementation of the chirp transform algorithm with photon echoes in an Er/sup 3+/:YSO crystal at 1536 nm for application to spectral analysis of RF signals. The principle and features of the technique are presented using a simple picture in the time-frequency plane. Experimental results with low-bandwidth RF signals demonstrate 40-kHz spectral resolution and a time-bandwidth product of 500. Extension to broad-band RF signals is discussed.
|
399,390 |
Please write an abstract with title: Design and Implementation of Distributed Video Live-Streaming System Based on SRS, and key words: Concurrent computing, Scalability, Education, Transforms, Streaming media, Load management, User experience. Abstract: Since the COVID-19 pandemic, video live-streaming technologies that ensure learning continuity have evolved rapidly. With the epidemic under control in China, a growing number of colleges classroom teaching will be online live simultaneously. Traditional offline teaching will gradually transform to the combination of online and offline mode. With the demand for the normality high-definition online live-streaming, the traditional live broadcast system faces the problems of limited scalability, poor fault tolerant ability and poor user experience. In this paper, a distributed online live-streaming system cross multiple campuses which based on SRS is designed and realized. Through dynamic distributed push, upstream and downstream traffic separation, and multi-level load balancing mechanism, the system can satisfy the need of the automatic and unattended normal video live-streaming teaching of large-scale classrooms. In this loosely coupled system, all components are distributed on each campus and communicate via message queues and HTPP API. The system has been applied to Xi'an Jiaotong University daily online and offline teaching for 700 classrooms spread over three campuses.
|
399,391 |
Please write an abstract with title: Semantic Neighborhood-Aware Deep Facial Expression Recognition, and key words: Semantics, Predictive models, Feature extraction, Training, Perturbation methods, Face recognition, Task analysis. Abstract: Different from many other attributes, facial expression can change in a continuous way, and therefore, a slight semantic change of input should also lead to the output fluctuation limited in a small scale. This consistency is important. However, current Facial Expression Recognition (FER) datasets may have the extreme imbalance problem, as well as the lack of data and the excessive amounts of noise, hindering this consistency and leading to a performance decreasing when testing. In this paper, we not only consider the prediction accuracy on sample points, but also take the neighborhood smoothness of them into consideration, focusing on the stability of the output with respect to slight semantic perturbations of the input. A novel method is proposed to formulate semantic perturbation and select unreliable samples during training, reducing the bad effect of them. Experiments show the effectiveness of the proposed method and state-of-the-art results are reported, getting closer to an upper limit than the state-of-the-art methods by a factor of 30% in AffectNet, the largest in-the-wild FER database by now.
|
399,392 |
Please write an abstract with title: Aging of magnetic recording tape, and key words: Aging, Magnetic recording, Temperature, Degradation, Humidity, Chemicals, Material storage, Water storage, Magnetic materials, Testing. Abstract: Almost all commercial magnetic recording tapes are manufactured employing a polyester urethane elastomer as the oxide binder and also as the backcoat binder on backcoated tapes. For temperature excursions encountered for ordinary tape use and storage, polyester urethanes as a general class of materials are typically susceptible to environmental degradation by hydrolysis: a chemical reaction between these materials and atmospheric water vapor. Extensive hydrolytic degradation can lead to the generation of sticky and gummy chemical products. It can be anticipated that a substantial contribution to environmental tape aging and performance characteristics might derive from the chemical behavior of ester hydrolysis. The environmental aging of a commercial magnetic recording tape was experimentally investigated, and it was found that the primary mechanism of tape aging and degradation resulted from hydrolysis of its polyester urethane binder. The chemical reaction is additionally reversible, a property which suggests a methodology for restoring and rejuvenating environmentally degraded tapes. Being a reversible reaction, there exists environmental conditions of relative humidity and temperatures which are ideal for long-term archival preservation. For the tape of this study, 24-percent relative humidity (RH) at room temperature was identified as its ideal storage humidity. This study may have significance for many industrial and government specifications which call out assorted qualifying tests involving tape exposure or tape operations at extremes of humidity and temperature. It is suggested from the findings of this work that such tests may measure and monitor the various manifestations of hydrolysis, which may bear little if any relationship to tape use at moderate ambient conditions or in hermetic environments. The results of this work further indicate that hermetic sealing of a tape may allow operations to higher temperatures than possible in air, with the upper temperature limit determined by lubricant boil-out or thermal degradation (pyrolysis) of the polymers.
|
399,393 |
Please write an abstract with title: Semi-Modular Solid-State Transformers With Reduced Count of Components Based on Single-Stage AC/DC Converters, and key words: Transformers, AC-DC power converters, Rectifiers, Topology, Matrix converters, Switches, Voltage control. Abstract: This article proposes a novel semimodular three-phase ac/dc structure for modular solid-state transformers. The proposed system employs single-stage indirect matrix-based ac/dc converters. A single full-bridge rectifier is used for each phase of the medium voltage grid so that each ac/dc module does not need a voltage rectifier. As a result, the number of semiconductor devices in the proposed system is reduced significantly compared with the other existing SST-based systems. A decentralized control scheme without high-speed communication has been developed to regulate the input and output currents while keeping the voltages of each module balance. A design of a 360-kW system has been carried out to evaluate the efficiency of the proposed system, which is 97.7% at rated power. With delta connection in three-phase system, a third harmonic current can be injected to the phase currents to increase the output current and power by 15%. Simulation results for a 360-kW 3.3-kV system are provided to verify the performance of the proposed system. Finally, a 3-kW hardware prototype has been built and tested to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed system.
|
399,394 |
Please write an abstract with title: Principles of measuring and diagnostic systems development based on multiple wavelength injection lasers and concept of elimination of a priori information, and key words: Wavelength measurement, Optical sensors, Absorption, Electron optics, Atmospheric measurements, Diode lasers, Pulse measurements, Laser stability, Costs, Performance evaluation. Abstract: The principles of development of new generation of optical-electron measuring and diagnostic systems with higher accuracy possessing higher operational stability, smaller dimensional and cost performances are proposed. Two factors allowed the achievement of the indicated effect. The first factor is based on principles of the concept of elimination of a priori information, consisting in the maximum elimination of methodical errors stipulated by instability in optical and electron paths, radiation transferring medium, parameters of probing radiation sources. The second factor is the use of multiple wavelength injection lasers providing generation simultaneously on two or three optical wavelengths as a probing radiation source.
|
399,395 |
Please write an abstract with title: Investigation on Continuous and Modulated Microwave Plasma Filaments at Atmospheric Pressure, and key words: Plasmas, Pulse width modulation, Microwave theory and techniques, Microwave filters, Microwave photonics, Microwave circuits, Plasma temperature. Abstract: Microwave atmospheric pressure plasma jets continue to evolve with the growth of atmospheric plasma’s applications in sterilization, material modification, and cancer treatment. In this article, continuous and modulated microwave plasma filaments were produced by a hand-held microwave plasma jet, and then they were compared in plasma length, electron excitation temperature, and emission spectrum. The electron excitation temperature was measured by the emission spectroscopy diagnostic method, and the regularities of the compared parameters’ change were studied by varying duty cycles and periods of the modulating signal. The results prove that the modulated microwave can generate stable plasma filaments directly in the air without protective tubes, and it is different from the continuous microwave plasma in all compared parameters. Besides, stable dendritic tearing of plasma filaments was observed. These results imply that modulated microwave and continuous microwave plasma filaments cannot be regarded as the same, the changing manner and the reaction on the surface of the medium may be completely different even if they are the same in the ambient air in most cases. These results are helpful for the controlling and understanding of microwave plasma, and the stable tearing could be used to expand the treated area of a single plasma jet.
|
399,396 |
Please write an abstract with title: Machine Learning: A Basic Overview, and key words: Training, Kernel, Support vector machines, Optimization, Ontologies, Histograms, Geometry. Abstract: Machine learning (ML) generally refers to the development of methods that optimize their performance iteratively by “learning from the data”. ML is broadly understood as a group of methods that analyze data and make useful discoveries and inferences from the data. It relies heavily on techniques and theory from statistics, optimization, algorithms, and biologically inspired systems. ML can be classified into four groups: supervised learning, unsupervised learning, semi‐supervised learning, and reinforcement learning. The semi‐supervised learning methods come from a collection of cases where only parts of them have assigned labels. Processing railway track data is becoming more complex. Kernel methods are an example of the ML techniques that are very effective for feature extraction. Kernel methods use kernel techniques to implicitly map input patterns to a feature space. Imbalanced classification is a supervised learning problem where one class outnumbers the other class by an extremely large population.
|
399,397 |
Please write an abstract with title: Towards Intelligent Reading through Multimodal and Contextualized Word LookUp, and key words: Electronic publishing, Visualization, Conferences, Machine learning. Abstract: This paper presents Koob, an eBook Reader app that coalesces three key ideas to enhance students’ language learning, specifically for ambiguous words. The first idea is to improve the effectiveness of word lookup functionality through contextualization – by incorporating word sense disambiguation (WSD) techniques to show the contextually relevant definition at the top. The second idea is to augment WSD results with crowd-sourcing solutions. The last idea seeks to reinforce students’ learning by augmenting textual information with a visual aid, pictures related to the word, as part of the word lookup functionality. An empirical evaluation demonstrates that existing WSD techniques can successfully employed to dynamically reorder definitions such that the most relevant definition is at the top of the list for more than 80% of the instances.
|
399,398 |
Please write an abstract with title: Investigations of the Recirculating Planar Crossed-Field Amplifier, and key words: Microwave measurement, Radio frequency, Feedback loop, Power measurement, Power amplifiers, Bandwidth, Plasma measurements. Abstract: Crossed-Field Amplifiers are widely used, broadband (>10% bandwidth) RF amplifiers that can achieve output powers of several megawatts. The Recirculating Planar Crossed-Field Amplifier (RPCFA) was initially designed by Exelby at the University of Michigan. 1 With a high-power (>150-kW) input signal operating at 3.05 GHz, the RPCFA had a measured gain of 8.7 dB and 10% bandwidth with up to 5-6 MW output power 1 . In recent experiments coupling the input to the output of the RPCFA directly with waveguide, a feedback loop was achieved, and oscillations were observed. The highest peak powers measured during the feedback-oscillation of the RPCFA were between 10-30 kW. These oscillations were observed late in the pulse. Oscillations were suppressed when attenuation was added into the feedback loop. 2 The delay-time between the measured microwave power peaks is being investigated when the feedback loop length is increased.
|
399,399 |
Please write an abstract with title: Comparison of Two Novel Integral Equation Approaches for Lossy Conductor Modeling, and key words: Solid modeling, Shape, Scalability, Integral equations, Conductors, Nonhomogeneous media, Numerical models. Abstract: In this paper, we take a closer look at two novel boundary integral equation methods that are ideally suitable for modeling good but lossy conductors. The first method leverages the Calderón identities to precondition the homogeneous Poincaré-Steklov operator for high dielectric contrast materials. The second technique constructs an alternative formulation of the Poincaré-Steklov operator based on the eigenfunctions of the volume that avoids the numerical integration of the Green’s function in the conductive medium. Through numerical examples and performance comparison, the applicability of both single-source methods to model realistic conductors is demonstrated, illustrating their capability in characterizing 3-D interconnects.
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.