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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
148655274
|
10.1016/B978-0-08-046325-4.00005-0
|
Self-assembled quantum dots (QDs) have attracted much attention in the last years. These nanostructures are very interesting from a scientifi c point of view because they form nearly ideal zero-dimensional systems in which quantum confi nement effects become very important. These unique properties also make them very interesting from a technological point of view. For example, InAs QDs are employed in QD lasers, single electron transistors, midinfrared detectors, single-photon sources, etc. InAs QDs are commonly created by the Stranski–Krastanov growth mode when InAs is deposited on a substrate with a bigger lattice constant, like GaAs or InP [10] . Above a certain critical thickness of InAs, three-dimensional islands are spontaneously formed on top of a wetting layer (WL) to reduce the strain energy. Once created, the QDs are subsequently capped, a step which is required for any device application. Self-assembled quantum dots (QDs) have attracted much attention in the last years. These nanostructures are very interesting from a scientifi c point of view because they form nearly ideal zero-dimensional systems in which quantum confi nement effects become very important. These unique properties also make them very interesting from a technological point of view. For example, InAs QDs are employed in QD lasers, single electron transistors, midinfrared detectors, single-photon sources, etc. InAs QDs are commonly created by the Stranski–Krastanov growth mode when InAs is deposited on a substrate with a bigger lattice constant, like GaAs or InP. Above a certain critical thickness of InAs, three-dimensional islands are spontaneously formed on top of a wetting layer (WL) to reduce the strain energy. Once created, the QDs are subsequently capped, a step which is required for any device application
|
InAs Quantum Dot Formation Studied at the Atomic Scale\ud
by Cross-sectional Scanning Tunnelling Microscopy
|
inas quantum dot formation studied at the atomic scale\ud by cross-sectional scanning tunnelling microscopy
|
assembled dots attracted years. nanostructures scientifi nearly ideal confi nement important. technological view. inas lasers transistors midinfrared detectors etc. inas commonly created stranski–krastanov inas deposited bigger gaas inas islands spontaneously wetting energy. created subsequently capped application. assembled dots attracted years. nanostructures scientifi nearly ideal confi nement important. technological view. inas lasers transistors midinfrared detectors etc. inas commonly created stranski–krastanov inas deposited bigger gaas inp. inas islands spontaneously wetting energy. created subsequently capped
|
exact_dup
|
[
"11993961"
] |
148655925
|
10.1007/978-1-4419-5908-9_4
|
This chapter addresses two research questions: “How should a well-engineered methodology facilitate the development of ontologies within communities of practice?” and “What methodology should be used?” If ontologies are to be developed by communities then the ontology development life cycle should be better understood within this context. This chapter presents the Melting Point (MP), a proposed new methodology for developing ontologies within decentralised settings. It describes how MP was developed by taking best practices from other methodologies, provides details on recommended steps and recommended processes, and compares MP with alternatives. The methodology presented here is the product of direct first-hand experience and observation of biological communities of practice in which some of the authors have been involved. The Melting Point is a methodology engineered for decentralised communities of practice for which the designers of technology and the users may be the same group. As such, MP provides a potential foundation for the establishment of standard practices for ontology engineering
|
Developing Ontologies withing Decentralized Settings
|
developing ontologies withing decentralized settings
|
addresses “how engineered methodology facilitate ontologies communities “what methodology ontologies communities ontology understood context. presents melting methodology ontologies decentralised settings. describes practices methodologies recommended recommended compares alternatives. methodology communities involved. melting methodology engineered decentralised communities designers group. foundation establishment practices ontology
|
exact_dup
|
[
"11994622"
] |
148657621
|
10.1088/0741-3335/53/1/015015
|
The linear and non-linear sensitivity of the 180 kJ baseline HiPER target to high-mode perturbations, i.e. surface roughness, is addressed using two-dimensional simulations and a complementary analysis by linear and non-linear ablative Rayleigh–Taylor models. Simulations provide an assessment of an early non-linear stage leading to a significant deformation of the ablation surface for modes of maximum linear growth factor. A design using a picket prepulse evidences an improvement in the target stability inducing a delay of the non-linear behavior. Perturbation evolution and shape, evidenced by simulations of the non-linear stage, are analyzed with existing self-consistent non-linear theory
|
Linear and non-linear amplification of high-mode perturbations at the ablation fronts in HIPER targets.
|
linear and non-linear amplification of high-mode perturbations at the ablation fronts in hiper targets.
|
hiper perturbations i.e. roughness addressed complementary ablative rayleigh–taylor models. deformation ablation factor. picket prepulse evidences inducing delay behavior. perturbation evidenced
|
exact_dup
|
[
"11996248"
] |
148658198
|
10.1016/j.compeleceng.2009.07.001
|
This paper presents a complete modeling approach to analyze the thermal behavior of microprocessor-based systems. While most compact modeling approaches require a deep knowledge of the implementation details, our method defines a black box technique which can be applied to different target processors when this detailed information is unknown. The obtained results show high accuracy, applicability and can be easily automated. The proposed methodology has been used to study the impact of code transformations in the thermal behavior of the chip. Finally, the analysis of the thermal effect of the source code modifications can be included in a temperature-aware compiler which minimizes the total temperature of the chip, as well as the temperature gradients, according to these guidelines
|
Thermal analysis and modeling of embedded processors
|
thermal analysis and modeling of embedded processors
|
presents analyze microprocessor systems. defines processors unknown. applicability automated. methodology transformations chip. modifications aware compiler minimizes chip gradients guidelines
|
exact_dup
|
[
"11996875"
] |
148659242
|
10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.250601
|
Thermodynamics of small systems has become an important field of statistical physics. Such systems\ud
are driven out of equilibrium by a control, and the question is naturally posed how such a control can be\ud
optimized. We show that optimization problems in small system thermodynamics are solved by\ud
(deterministic) optimal transport, for which very efficient numerical methods have been developed, and\ud
of which there are applications in cosmology, fluid mechanics, logistics, and many other fields. We show,\ud
in particular, that minimizing expected heat released or work done during a nonequilibrium transition in\ud
finite time is solved by the Burgers equation and mass transport by the Burgers velocity field. Our\ud
contribution hence considerably extends the range of solvable optimization problems in small system\ud
thermodynamics
|
Optimal Protocols and Optimal Transport in Stochastic Thermodynamics
|
optimal protocols and optimal transport in stochastic thermodynamics
|
thermodynamics physics. naturally posed optimized. thermodynamics solved deterministic cosmology mechanics logistics fields. minimizing released nonequilibrium solved burgers burgers field. considerably extends solvable thermodynamics
|
exact_dup
|
[
"11996449"
] |
148663521
|
10.1002/int.21556
|
Collaborative filtering recommender systems contribute to alleviating the problem of information overload that exists on the Internet as a result of the mass use of Web 2.0 applications. The use of an adequate similarity measure becomes a determining factor in the quality of the prediction and recommendation results of the recommender system, as well as in its performance. In this paper, we present a memory-based collaborative filtering similarity measure that provides extremely high-quality and balanced results; these results are complemented with a low processing time (high performance), similar to the one required to execute traditional similarity metrics. The experiments have been carried out on the MovieLens and Netflix databases, using a representative set of information retrieval quality measures
|
A Balanced Memory-Based Collaborative Filtering Similarity Measure.
|
a balanced memory-based collaborative filtering similarity measure.
|
collaborative filtering recommender alleviating overload internet applications. adequate similarity determining recommendation recommender performance. collaborative filtering similarity extremely balanced complemented execute traditional similarity metrics. movielens netflix databases retrieval
|
exact_dup
|
[
"17033917"
] |
148665864
|
10.1007/978-3-642-28765-7_21
|
The availability of inertial sensors embedded in mobile devices has enabled a new type of interaction based on the movements or “gestures” made by the users when holding the device. In this paper we propose a gesture recognition system for mobile devices based on accelerometer and gyroscope measurements. The system is capable of recognizing a set of predefined gestures in a user-independent way, without the need of a training phase. Furthermore, it was designed to be executed in real-time in resource-constrained devices, and therefore has a low computational complexity. The performance of the system is evaluated offline using a dataset of gestures, and also online, through some user tests with the system running in a smart phone
|
Gesture recognition using mobile phone's inertial sensors
|
gesture recognition using mobile phone's inertial sensors
|
availability inertial sensors embedded mobile devices enabled movements “gestures” holding device. propose gesture recognition mobile devices accelerometer gyroscope measurements. capable recognizing predefined gestures phase. executed resource constrained devices complexity. offline dataset gestures running smart phone
|
exact_dup
|
[
"17209148"
] |
148671994
|
10.1016/j.cities.2012.08.006
|
This survey presents the results of a questionnaire sent to a list of key scholars and professionals in fields related to urban processes and planning – town planning, geography, sociology, architecture and anthropology. The survey raised four simple, straightforward questions. What are the most pressing conflicts with regard to contemporary cities? What are the main fields of action for solving them? How can your discipline contribute with respect to this task? Could you mention an intervention that could serve as an example of that line of work? The response represents a plural and multidisciplinary perspective on contemporary urban issues from which a series of research and intervention perspectives emerges
|
Debating contemporary urban conflicts: A survey of selected scholars
|
debating contemporary urban conflicts: a survey of selected scholars
|
presents questionnaire sent scholars professionals planning town planning geography sociology architecture anthropology. raised straightforward questions. pressing conflicts regard contemporary cities solving discipline mention serve plural multidisciplinary perspective contemporary perspectives emerges
|
exact_dup
|
[
"33174736"
] |
148676171
|
10.1063/1.4897024
|
Progressing beyond 3-junction inverted-metamorphic multijunction solar cells grown on GaAs substrates, to 4-junction devices, requires the development of high quality metamorphic 0.7 eV GaInAs solar cells. Once accomplished, the integration of this subcell into a full, Monolithic, series connected, 4J-IMM structure demands the development of a metamorphic tunnel junction lattice matched to the 1eV GaInAs subcell. Moreover, the 0.7 eV junction adds about 2 hours of growth time to the structure, implying a heavier annealing of the subcells and tunnel junctions grown first. The final 4J structure is above 20 Pm thick, with about half of this thickness used by the metamorphic buffers required to change the lattice constant throughout the structure. Thinning of these buffers would help reduce the total thickness of the 4J structure to decrease its growth cost and the annealing time. These three topics: development of a metamorphic tunnel junction for the 4th junction, analysis of the annealing, and thinning of the structure, are tackled in this work. The results presented show the successful implementation of an antimonide-based tunnel junction for the 4th junction and of pathways to mitigate the impact of annealing and reduce the thickness of the metamorphic buffers
|
Component integration strategies in metamorphic 4-junction III-V concentrator solar cells
|
component integration strategies in metamorphic 4-junction iii-v concentrator solar cells
|
progressing junction inverted metamorphic multijunction grown gaas substrates junction devices metamorphic gainas cells. accomplished subcell monolithic demands metamorphic tunnel junction matched gainas subcell. junction adds implying heavier annealing subcells tunnel junctions grown first. thick metamorphic buffers structure. thinning buffers annealing time. topics metamorphic tunnel junction junction annealing thinning tackled work. successful antimonide tunnel junction junction pathways mitigate annealing metamorphic buffers
|
exact_dup
|
[
"33177182"
] |
148677218
|
10.1007/s00214-015-1675-x
|
Ternary MCrO4 (M = Ba, Sr) semiconductors are materials with a variety of photocatalyst and optoelectronic applications. We present detailed microscopic analyses based on first principles of the structure, the electronic properties and the optical absorption in which the difference between symmetrically non-equivalent atoms has been considered. The high absorption coefficients of these materials are split into chemical species contributions in accordance with the symmetry. The high optical absorption in these materials is mainly because of the Cr–O inter-species transitions
|
Optoelectronic property analysis of MCrO4 (M=Ba, Sr) with a response to visible light irradiation
|
optoelectronic property analysis of mcro4 (m=ba, sr) with a response to visible light irradiation
|
ternary mcro semiconductors photocatalyst optoelectronic applications. microscopic principles symmetrically considered. split accordance symmetry. cr–o
|
exact_dup
|
[
"33177707"
] |
148679421
|
10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2013.09.011
|
A numerical method to analyse the stability of transverse galloping based on experimental measurements, as an alternative method to polynomial fitting of the transverse force coefficient Cz, is proposed in this paper. The Glauert–Den Hartog criterion is used to determine the region of angles of attack (pitch angles) prone to present galloping. An analytic solution (based on a polynomial curve of Cz) is used to validate the method and to evaluate the discretization errors. Several bodies (of biconvex, D-shape and rhomboidal cross sections) have been tested in a wind tunnel and the stability of the galloping region has been analysed with the new method. An algorithm to determine the pitch angle of the body that allows the maximum value of the kinetic energy of the flow to be extracted is presented
|
Optimization of energy extraction in transverse galloping
|
optimization of energy extraction in transverse galloping
|
analyse galloping fitting paper. glauert–den hartog criterion angles attack pitch angles prone galloping. analytic validate discretization errors. bodies biconvex rhomboidal tunnel galloping analysed method. pitch
|
exact_dup
|
[
"33178751"
] |
148681914
|
10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.12.132
|
Urban buses propose a challenge for traditional four-steps models of ridership estimation, as they require a different, closer scale approach, including the consideration of multiple possible stop-choices by travelers within walking distance. Thus, any model based on zoning and the bias of associating population to the nearest stop does not seem coherent in the case of urban bus. This study empirically examines the potential of possible ?attraction? descriptors, such as spatial integration (as described by the Space Syntax methodology) and other urban environment factors in order to estimate urban buses ridership by a direct forecast model based on multiple linear regression. Common explanatory factors found in the literature include population and employment in the vicinity area, as well as transport system service and performance. Some authors have claimed the predictive power of built environment variables (summarized by Cervero and Kockelman's three Ds: Density, Diversity and Design), which are supposed to describe pedestrian accessibility and attractiveness. This paper proposes that spatial-configurational measures (e.g. Space Syntax) could play an important role, given that these factors have proved themselves synthetic proxies for many urban processes and in order to describe spatial-configurational hierarchy and consequent attraction power. A demand forecast model at a stop level is explored by means of multiple linear regressions. Bus transport ridership at 84 stops in Madrid is forecasted using urban environment and spatial integration variables, as well as transport network accessibility indicators. Results seem encouraging and support that Space Syntax and other network integration variables could be an important asset for urban bus demand forecast models at a station level
|
Urban Bus Demand Forecast at Stop Level: Space Syntax and Other Built Environment Factors. Evidence from Madrid
|
urban bus demand forecast at stop level: space syntax and other built environment factors. evidence from madrid
|
buses propose challenge traditional ridership closer consideration stop choices travelers walking distance. zoning associating nearest stop seem coherent bus. empirically examines attraction descriptors syntax methodology buses ridership forecast regression. explanatory employment vicinity performance. claimed predictive built summarized cervero kockelman diversity supposed pedestrian accessibility attractiveness. proposes configurational e.g. syntax proved synthetic proxies configurational hierarchy consequent attraction power. forecast stop explored regressions. ridership stops madrid forecasted accessibility indicators. seem encouraging syntax asset forecast station
|
exact_dup
|
[
"42968538"
] |
148759036
|
10.1080/13548506.2013.780131
|
Background: Aim of the study was to test lagged reciprocal effects of depressive symptoms and acute low back pain (LBP) across the first weeks of primary care.
Methods: In a prospective inception cohort study, 221 primary care patients with acute or subacute LBP were assessed at the time of initial consultation and then followed up at three and six weeks. Key measures were depressive symptoms (modified Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale) and LBP (sensory pain, present pain index and visual analogue scale of the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire).
Results: When only cross-lagged effects of six weeks were tested, a reciprocal positive relationship between LBP and depressive symptoms was shown in a cross-lagged structural equation model (β = .15 and .17, p < .01). When lagged reciprocal paths at three- and sixweek follow-up were tested, depressive symptoms at the time of consultation predicted higher LBP severity after three weeks (β = .23, p < .01). LBP after three weeks had in turn a positive cross-lagged effect on depression after six weeks (β = .27, p < .001).
Conclusions: Reciprocal effects of depressive symptoms and LBP seem to depend on time under medical treatment. Health practitioners should screen for and treat depressive symptoms at the first consultation to improve the LBP treatment
|
Relationship between depressive symptoms and acute low back pain at first medical consultation, three and six weeks of primary care
|
relationship between depressive symptoms and acute low back pain at first medical consultation, three and six weeks of primary care
|
lagged reciprocal depressive care. prospective inception cohort subacute consultation weeks. depressive zung rating depression sensory analogue mcgill questionnaire lagged reciprocal depressive lagged lagged reciprocal paths sixweek depressive consultation severity lagged depression reciprocal depressive seem treatment. practitioners screen treat depressive consultation
|
exact_dup
|
[
"149227471"
] |
149227240
|
10.1007/s00204-016-1680-4
|
Halogen-free organophosphorus flame retardants are considered as replacements for the phased-out class of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). However, toxicological information on new flame retardants is still limited. Based on their excellent flame retardation potential, we have selected three novel 9,10- dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) derivatives and assessed their toxicological profile using a battery of in vitro test systems in order to provide toxicological information before their large-scale production and use. PBDE-99, applied as a reference compound, exhibited distinct neuroselective cytotoxicity at concentrations ≥10 μM. 6-(2-((6-Oxidodibenzo[1,2]oxaphosphinin-6-yl)amino)ethoxydibenzo[1,2]oxaphosphinine-6-oxide) (ETA-DOPO) and 6,6′-(ethane-1,2-diylbis(oxy))bis(dibenzo[1,2]oxaphosphinine-6-oxide) (EG-DOPO) displayed adverse effects at concentrations >10 μM in test systems reflecting the properties of human central and peripheral nervous system neurons, as well as in a set of non-neuronal cell types. DOPO and its derivative 6,6′-(ethane-1,2-diylbis(azanediyl))bis(6H-dibenzo[1,2]oxaphosphine-6-oxide) (EDA-DOPO) were neither neurotoxic, nor did they exhibit an influence on neural crest cell migration, or on the integrity of human skin equivalents.The two compounds furthermore displayed no inflammatory activation potential, nor did they affect algae growth or daphnia viability at concentrations ≤400 μM. Based on the superior flame retardation properties,biophysical features suited for use in polyurethane foams, and low cytotoxicity of EDA-DOPO, our results suggest that it is a candidate for the replacement of currently applied flame retardants
|
Multiparameter toxicity assessment of novel DOPO-derived organophosphorus flame retardants
|
multiparameter toxicity assessment of novel dopo-derived organophosphorus flame retardants
|
halogen organophosphorus flame retardants replacements phased polybrominated diphenyl ethers pbdes toxicological flame retardants limited. excellent flame retardation dihydro phosphaphenanthrene oxide dopo derivatives toxicological battery toxicological use. pbde compound exhibited neuroselective cytotoxicity oxidodibenzo oxaphosphinin ethoxydibenzo oxaphosphinine oxide dopo ethane diylbis dibenzo oxaphosphinine oxide dopo displayed adverse reflecting peripheral nervous neuronal types. dopo ethane diylbis azanediyl dibenzo oxaphosphine oxide dopo neither neurotoxic exhibit crest migration integrity equivalents.the displayed inflammatory algae daphnia viability superior flame retardation biophysical suited polyurethane foams cytotoxicity dopo candidate replacement flame retardants
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148757961"
] |
151642993
|
10.1007/s10853-007-1948-4
|
The ferroelectric, dielectric and piezoelectric13; properties of compositions Pb1x2013;xCex (Zr0.60Ti0.40)O3,13; (x = 0.0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06 and 0.08) are studied. The13; above compositions are prepared from their constituent13; oxides, calcined at 900 C for 4 h and various phases13; present are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD)13; technique. The above powders are uniaxially pressed into13; circular compacts, sintered at 1,250 C for 2 h, electroded,13; poled at 2 kV/mm D.C. voltage and their electrical properties13; are measured. The XRD analysis shows the presence13; of rhombohedral phase up to 2 mol% ceria while tetragonal13; phase found at higher concentrations. It is observed that13; the ferroelectric, dielectric and piezoelectric properties13; increase with the addition of ceria with a maximum at13; 2 mol% and then decreases. The higher piezo properties13; associated with low ceria concentration are attributed to13; rhombohedral phase
|
Ferroelectric, dielectric and piezoelectric properties13; of Pb1x2013;xCex(Zr0.60Ti0.40)O3, 0 xA3; x xA3; 0.08
|
ferroelectric, dielectric and piezoelectric properties13; of pb1x2013;xcex(zr0.60ti0.40)o3, 0 xa3; x xa3; 0.08
|
ferroelectric dielectric piezoelectric compositions xcex studied. compositions constituent oxides calcined diffraction technique. powders uniaxially pressed circular compacts sintered electroded poled d.c. electrical measured. rhombohedral ceria tetragonal concentrations. ferroelectric dielectric piezoelectric ceria decreases. piezo ceria attributed rhombohedral
|
exact_dup
|
[
"11874442"
] |
152390684
|
10.1103/PhysRevC.71.064327
|
Microsecond isomers of neutron-rich nuclei in the masses A=96 and 98 were reinvestigated at the ILL reactor (Grenoble). These nuclei were produced by thermal-neutron induced fission of $^{241}$Pu. The detection is based on time correlation between fission fragments selected by the Lohengrin mass spectrometer, and the $\gamma$ rays and conversion electrons from the isomers. A new level scheme of $^{96}$Rb is proposed. We have found that the ground state and low-lying levels of this nucleus are rather spherical, while a rotational band develops at 461 keV energy. This bans has properties consistent with a $\pi[431 3/2] x \nu[541 3/2]K = 3^-$ Nilsson assignment and a deformation $\beta_2 > 0.28$. It is fed by a $10^-$ microsecond isomer consistent with a $\pi(g_{9/2})\nu(h_{11/2})$ sperical configuration. It is interesting to note that the same unique-parity states $\pi(g_{9/2})$ and $\nu(h_{11/2})$ are present in the same nucleus in a deformed and in a spherical configuration. The neighbouring odd-odd nucleus $^{98}$Y presents a strong analogy with $^{96}$Rb and is also discussed
|
Shape coexistence in the very neutron-rich odd-odd $^{96}Rb$
|
shape coexistence in the very neutron-rich odd-odd $^{96}rb$
|
microsecond isomers neutron nuclei reinvestigated reactor grenoble nuclei neutron fission fission fragments lohengrin spectrometer gamma rays conversion isomers. proposed. lying nucleus spherical rotational develops energy. bans nilsson assignment deformation beta microsecond isomer sperical configuration. parity nucleus deformed spherical configuration. neighbouring nucleus presents analogy
|
exact_dup
|
[
"46781547"
] |
157866188
|
10.1007/s11229-014-0447-9
|
The controversy over the old ideal of ``value-free science'' has cooled significantly over the past decade. Many philosophers of science now agree that even ethical and political values may play a substantial role in all aspects of scientific inquiry. Consequently, in the last few years, work in science and values has become more specific: Which values may influence science, and in which ways? Or, how do we distinguish illegitimate from illegitimate kinds of influence? In this paper, I argue that this problem requires philosophers of science to take a new direction. I present two case studies in the influence of values on scientific inquiry: feminist values in archaeology and commercial values in pharmaceutical research. I offer a preliminary assessment of these cases, that the influence of values was legitimate in the feminist case, but not in the pharmaceutical case. I then turn to three major approaches to distinguish legitimate from illegitimate influences of values, including the distinction between epistemic and non-epistemic values and Heather Douglas' distinction between direct and indirect roles for values. I argue that none of these three approaches gives an adequate analysis of the two cases. In the concluding section, I briefly sketch my own approach, which draws more heavily on ethics than the others, and is more promising as a solution to the current problem. This is the new direction in which I think science and values should move
|
A New Direction for Science and Values
|
a new direction for science and values
|
controversy ideal cooled decade. philosophers agree ethical substantial inquiry. ways distinguish illegitimate illegitimate kinds argue philosophers direction. inquiry feminist archaeology commercial pharmaceutical research. offer preliminary legitimate feminist pharmaceutical case. distinguish legitimate illegitimate influences distinction epistemic epistemic heather douglas distinction indirect roles values. argue none adequate cases. concluding briefly sketch draws heavily ethics promising problem. think move
|
exact_dup
|
[
"33752669"
] |
159120208
|
10.1007/978-3-319-59513-9_3
|
There is a significant challenge in the smart cities implementation because it is not straightforward to align the smart city strategy with the impact on the life of quality. Stakeholders’ concerns are multiple and diverse, and there are a high interdependency and heterogeneity of technologies and solutions. To tackle this challenge, cities can be understood as enterprises. Enterprise Architecture (EA) approach can be applied to support its development and transformation. This approach specifies core requirements on business, information, and technology domains, which are essential to model architecture components and to establish relations between these domains. Existing smart cities frame-works describe different components and domains. However, the main domain requirements and the relations between them are still missing. This paper identifies essential requirements of enterprise architecture in smart cities. These requirements will be used to review and compare current smart city frameworks
|
Cities as enterprises: a comparison of Smart City frameworks based on enterprise architecture requirements
|
cities as enterprises: a comparison of smart city frameworks based on enterprise architecture requirements
|
challenge smart cities straightforward align smart city quality. stakeholders’ concerns diverse interdependency heterogeneity technologies solutions. tackle challenge cities understood enterprises. enterprise architecture transformation. specifies architecture establish domains. smart cities domains. missing. identifies enterprise architecture smart cities. smart city frameworks
|
exact_dup
|
[
"159505371"
] |
1639463
|
10.1063/1.3099100
|
Original paper can be found at: http://proceedings.aip.org/proceedings/confproceed/1094.jsp Copyright American Institute of Physics. DOI: 10.1063/1.3099100Precise measurements of the fundamental properties of low-mass stars and brown dwarfs are key to understanding the physics underlying their formation and evolution. While there has been great progress over the last decade in studying the bulk spectrophotometric properties of low-mass objects, direct determination of their masses, radii, and temperatures have been very sparse. Thus, theoretical predictions of low-mass evolution and ultracool atmospheres remain to be rigorously tested. The situation is alarming given that such models are widely used, from the determination of the low-mass end of the initial mass function to the characterization of exoplanets.An increasing number of mass, radius, and age determinations are placing critical constraints on the physics of low-mass objects. A wide variety of approaches are being pursued, including eclipsing binary studies, astrometric-spectroscopic orbital solutions, interferometry, and characterization of benchmark systems. In parallel, many more systems suitable for concerted study are now being found, thanks to new capabilities spanning both the very widest (all-sky surveys) and very narrowest (diffraction-limited adaptive optics) areas of the sky. This Cool Stars 15 splinter session highlighted the current successes and limitations of this rapidly growing area of precision astrophysics
|
Fundamental Properties of Low-Mass Stars and Brown Dwarfs
|
fundamental properties of low-mass stars and brown dwarfs
|
.jsp copyright precise brown dwarfs evolution. great progress decade studying spectrophotometric radii sparse. ultracool atmospheres rigorously tested. alarming widely exoplanets.an determinations placing objects. pursued eclipsing astrometric spectroscopic orbital interferometry benchmark systems. concerted thanks capabilities spanning widest surveys narrowest diffraction adaptive optics sky. cool splinter session highlighted successes limitations rapidly growing precision astrophysics
|
exact_dup
|
[
"1642324"
] |
18275477
|
10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2008.09.005
|
Lien vers la version éditeur: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142112308002156This paper attempts to improve the understanding of the multiaxial high cycle fatigue response of micro sized stress concentrations or notches of different geometries. The investigation is composed of an experimental part and a numerical part. In the former, three types of micro-notches or “artificial defects” are compared: spherical, elliptical and circumferential. All types have the same basic dimensions, the difference being the 3D geometry. The notches were machined on the surface of smooth cylindrical specimens made of mild steel. The fatigue limits under reversed tension (push–pull) and reversed torsional loading conditions for different micro-notch sizes have been experimentally determined. In the numerical part, finite elements simulations using a cyclic elasto-plastic material behaviour law show that the mechanical state ahead of the different stress concentrations change drastically with the loading mode and the geometry of the artificial defect. From a fatigue point of view, it is shown that a stress gradient correction is required for all the loading, size and geometry configurations. Once the gradient correction is made and a proper multiaxial criterion is used, it appears that the size effect due to increasing the loaded surface area at the notch tip for the different geometries is negligible compared to the gradient effect
|
Comparison between defects and micro-notches in multiaxial fatigue – The size effect and the gradient effect
|
comparison between defects and micro-notches in multiaxial fatigue – the size effect and the gradient effect
|
lien vers éditeur attempts multiaxial fatigue micro sized notches geometries. composed part. former micro notches “artificial defects” spherical elliptical circumferential. geometry. notches machined cylindrical specimens mild steel. fatigue reversed tension push–pull reversed torsional loading micro notch sizes experimentally determined. cyclic elasto plastic ahead drastically loading artificial defect. fatigue loading configurations. proper multiaxial criterion loaded notch geometries negligible
|
exact_dup
|
[
"143691933"
] |
19125681
|
10.1002/bmc.616
|
A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method has been developed and validated for the determination of insulin in nanoparticulate dosage forms. Its application for the development and characterization of insulin-loaded nanoparticulates composed of polyelectrolytes has also been carried out. A reversed-phase (RP) C18 column and gradient elution with a mobile phase composed of acetonitrile (ACN) and 0.1% aqueous trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) solution at a flow rate of 1 mL/min was used. Protein identification was made by UV detection at 214 nm. The gradient changed from 30:70 (ACN:TFA, v/v) to 40:60 (v/v) in 5 min followed by isocratic elution at 40:60 (v/v) for a further five minutes. The method was linear in the range of 1-100 µg/mL (R2 = 0.9996), specific with a good inter-day and intra-day precision based on relative standard deviation values (less than 3.80%). The recovery was between 98.86 and 100.88% and the detection and quantitation limits were 0.24 and 0.72 µg/mL, respectively. The method was further tested for the determination of the association efficiency of insulin to nanoparticulate carriers composed of alginate and chitosan, as well as its loading capacity for this protein. Encapsulant release under simulated gastrointestinal fluids was evaluated. The method can be used for development and characterization of insulin-loaded nanoparticles made from cross-linked chitosan-alginate. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.61
|
Development and validation of a rapid reversed-phase HPLC method for the determination of insulin from nanoparticulate systems
|
development and validation of a rapid reversed-phase hplc method for the determination of insulin from nanoparticulate systems
|
reversed chromatographic hplc validated insulin nanoparticulate dosage forms. insulin loaded nanoparticulates composed polyelectrolytes out. reversed elution mobile composed acetonitrile aqueous trifluoroacetic used. changed isocratic elution minutes. intra precision recovery quantitation respectively. insulin nanoparticulate carriers composed alginate chitosan loading protein. encapsulant gastrointestinal fluids evaluated. insulin loaded nanoparticles chitosan alginate. bmc.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"144013228"
] |
19125893
|
10.1007/s10870-007-9311-9
|
Abstract Crystal structure of diphenylacetic acid has been solved by X-ray diffraction. The crystals are monoclinic, space group P21/c, with a = 12.254(4) Å, b = 7.2260(8) Å, c = 17.521(4) Å, ß = 133.38(1)°, Mr = 212.24, V = 1127.6(5) Å3, Z = 4 and R = 0.045. A strong hydrogen bond links the molecules in dimers. The dimers are connected by weaker C–H···p and p···p interactions. A calculation was performed for the isolated molecule and for the dimer within the Hartree-Fock (HF) level with a 6-311G(d) basis set. In both calculations, the minimum of the energy is achieved with the phenyl rings assuming a more symmetric arrangement around the central carboxylic plane than is experimentally observed. Graphical Abstract In diphenylacetic acid the molecules are coupled in dimers by a strong hydrogen bonds. Weaker intermolecular interactions involving the aromatic ring p systems join the dimers together.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10870-007-9311-
|
Propeller-like Conformation of Diphenylacetic Acid
|
propeller-like conformation of diphenylacetic acid
|
diphenylacetic solved diffraction. crystals monoclinic bond links dimers. dimers weaker c–h···p p···p interactions. molecule dimer hartree fock set. phenyl rings arrangement carboxylic experimentally observed. graphical diphenylacetic dimers bonds. weaker intermolecular involving aromatic join dimers together.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"144013636"
] |
19126021
|
10.1007/s00128-007-9131-9
|
Abstract Tests aiming to determine the toxic properties of compounds discharged into aquatic systems have relied more on fish or invertebrates than on primary producers and among a number of producers; algae are the most popular test organisms. Macrophytes are important ecological elements in freshwaters and are therefore potentially key organisms for use in toxicity testing of compounds suspected of acting in primary producers. The most common macrophyte used in toxicity testing is Lemna sp., but as a floating plant, it has the limitation of being exposed to toxic compounds only through its lower leaf surface, including roots and rhizoids. Therefore, it is questionable whether tests with Lemna may accurately predict potential effects on submersed and exposed plant species, which have different routs of exposure and morphology. Few other submersed macrophytes have been tested, notably Myriophyllum. In the Iberian peninsula M. spicatum is the most common species within its genus and has been presented as a good bioaccumulator of heavy metals (Wang et al. 1996) and as being sensitive to several toxicants (e.g. Hanson et al. 2003). The aim of this study was to assess the potential of M. spicatum as a testing organism in laboratory assays, by obtaining axenic cultures of this plant and exposing them to several reference compounds to determine the sensitive endpoints.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00128-007-9131-
|
Testing the Use of the Water Milfoil ( Myriophyllum spicatum L.) in Laboratory Toxicity Assays
|
testing the use of the water milfoil ( myriophyllum spicatum l.) in laboratory toxicity assays
|
aiming toxic discharged aquatic relied fish invertebrates producers producers algae popular organisms. macrophytes ecological freshwaters potentially organisms toxicity suspected acting producers. macrophyte toxicity lemna floating limitation exposed toxic leaf roots rhizoids. questionable lemna accurately predict submersed exposed routs morphology. submersed macrophytes notably myriophyllum. iberian peninsula spicatum genus bioaccumulator metals toxicants e.g. hanson spicatum organism assays obtaining axenic cultures exposing endpoints.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"144013868"
] |
1940835
|
10.1103/PhysRevA.75.063834
|
This paper shows experimental evidence of photorefractive steady state
self-focusing in InP:Fe for a wide range of intensities, at both 1.06 and
1.55$\mu$m. To explain those results, it is shown that despite the bi-polar
nature of InP:Fe where one photocarrier and one thermal carrier are to be
considered, the long standing one photocarrier model for photorefractive
solitons can be usefully applied. The relationship between the dark irradiance
stemming out of this model and the known resonance intensity is then discussed
|
Roles of resonance and dark irradiance for infrared photorefractive
self-focusing and solitons in bi-polar InP:Fe
|
roles of resonance and dark irradiance for infrared photorefractive self-focusing and solitons in bi-polar inp:fe
|
photorefractive steady focusing intensities polar photocarrier carrier standing photocarrier photorefractive solitons usefully applied. irradiance stemming
|
exact_dup
|
[
"54048093"
] |
2108718
|
10.1103/PhysRevA.82.021803
|
We investigate a setup where a cloud of atoms is trapped in an optical
lattice potential of a standing wave laser field which is created by
retro-reflection on a micro-membrane. The membrane vibrations itself realize a
quantum mechanical degree of freedom. We show that the center of mass mode of
atoms can be coupled to the vibrational mode of the membrane in free space, and
predict a significant sympathetic cooling effect of the membrane when atoms are
laser cooled. The controllability of the dissipation rate of the atomic motion
gives a considerable advantage over typical optomechanical systems enclosed in
optical cavities, in that it allows a segregation between the cooling and
coherent dynamics regimes. The membrane can thereby be kept in a cryogenic
environment, and the atoms at a distance in a vacuum chamber
|
Optical Lattices with Micromechanical Mirrors
|
optical lattices with micromechanical mirrors
|
setup trapped standing created retro reflection micro membrane. vibrations realize freedom. vibrational predict sympathetic cooling cooled. controllability dissipation considerable advantage optomechanical enclosed cavities segregation cooling coherent regimes. thereby kept cryogenic chamber
|
exact_dup
|
[
"18253086"
] |
2158809
|
10.1088/1742-5468/2011/02/P02015
|
Diagrammatic techniques to compute perturbatively the spectral properties of
Euclidean Random Matrices in the high-density regime are introduced and
discussed in detail. Such techniques are developed in two alternative and very
different formulations of the mathematical problem and are shown to give
identical results up to second order in the perturbative expansion. One method,
based on writing the so-called resolvent function as a Taylor series, allows to
group the diagrams in a small number of topological classes, providing a simple
way to determine the infrared (small momenta) behavior of the theory up to
third order, which is of interest for the comparison with experiments. The
other method, which reformulates the problem as a field theory, can instead be
used to study the infrared behaviour at any perturbative order.Comment: 29 page
|
On the high-density expansion for Euclidean Random Matrices
|
on the high-density expansion for euclidean random matrices
|
diagrammatic perturbatively euclidean detail. formulations mathematical perturbative expansion. writing resolvent taylor diagrams topological infrared momenta experiments. reformulates infrared perturbative
|
exact_dup
|
[
"132283834"
] |
25246120
|
10.1103/PhysRevD.59.074502
|
We resolve contradictions in the literature concerning the origins and size of unphysical flavor-changing strong interactions generated by the staggered-quark discretization of QCD. We show that the leading contributions are tree-level in $\order(a^2)$ and that they can be removed by adding three correction terms to the link operator in the standard action. These corrections are part of the systematic Symanzik improvement of the staggered-quark action. We present a new improved action for staggered quarks that is accurate up to errors of $\order(a^4,a^2\alpha_s)$ --- more accurate than most, if not all, other discretizations of light-quark dynamics
|
Flavor-Symmetry Restoration and Symanzik Improvement for Staggered Quarks
|
flavor-symmetry restoration and symanzik improvement for staggered quarks
|
resolve contradictions concerning origins unphysical flavor changing staggered discretization qcd. removed adding action. symanzik staggered action. staggered quarks alpha discretizations
|
exact_dup
|
[
"2457021"
] |
25303418
|
10.1016/S0375-9601(02)00013-0
|
Hawking's black hole information puzzle highlights the incompatibility between our present understanding of gravity and quantum physics. However, Hawking's prediction of black-hole evaporation is at a semiclassical level. One therefore suspects some modifications of the character of the radiation when quantum properties of the {\it black hole itself} are properly taken into account. In fact, during the last three decades evidence has been mounting that, in a quantum theory of gravity black holes may have a discrete mass spectrum, with concomitant {\it discrete} line emission. A direct consequence of this intriguing prediction is that, compared with blackbody radiation, black-hole radiance is {\it less} entropic, and may therefore carry a significant amount of {\it information}. Using standard ideas from quantum information theory, we calculate the rate at which information can be recovered from the black-hole spectral lines. We conclude that the information that was suspected to be lost may gradually leak back, encoded into the black-hole spectral lines
|
Discrete Black-Hole Radiation and the Information Loss Paradox
|
discrete black-hole radiation and the information loss paradox
|
hawking puzzle highlights incompatibility physics. hawking evaporation semiclassical level. suspects modifications character properly account. decades mounting holes concomitant emission. intriguing blackbody radiance entropic carry ideas recovered lines. suspected lost gradually leak encoded
|
exact_dup
|
[
"2426462"
] |
2540160
|
10.1016/0550-3213(95)00217-G
|
We explore geometrical properties of fermionic vertex operators for a NSR
superstring in order to establish connection between worldsheet and target
space supersymmetries. The mechanism of picture-changing is obtained as a
result of imposing certain constraints on a world-sheet gauge group of the NSR
theory. It is found that picture-changing operators of various integer ghost
numbers form a polynomial ring. By using properties of the picture-changing
formalism we establish connection between the NSR and GS superstring theories.
We explore the properties of the $\kappa$-symmetry in the NSR formalism and
show that it leads to some new identities between correlation functions.Comment: 24 page
|
Picture-Changing operators and Space-Time supersymmetry
|
picture-changing operators and space-time supersymmetry
|
explore geometrical fermionic superstring establish connection worldsheet supersymmetries. picture changing imposing sheet theory. picture changing integer ghost ring. picture changing formalism establish connection superstring theories. explore kappa formalism identities
|
exact_dup
|
[
"25176858"
] |
2611812
|
10.1103/PhysRevE.69.046601
|
We present a stability theory for kink propagation in chains of coupled
oscillators and a new algorithm for the numerical study of kink dynamics. The
numerical solutions are computed using an equivalent integral equation instead
of a system of differential equations. This avoids uncertainty about the impact
of artificial boundary conditions and discretization in time. Stability results
also follow from the integral version. Stable kinks have a monotone leading
edge and move with a velocity larger than a critical value which depends on the
damping strength.Comment: 11 figure
|
Nonlinear stability of oscillatory wave fronts in chains of coupled
oscillators
|
nonlinear stability of oscillatory wave fronts in chains of coupled oscillators
|
kink propagation chains oscillators kink dynamics. equations. avoids artificial discretization time. version. kinks monotone move damping
|
exact_dup
|
[
"19717190"
] |
2643165
|
10.1103/PhysRevE.76.026107
|
Many empirical networks display an inherent tendency to cluster, i.e. to form
circles of connected nodes. This feature is typically measured by the
clustering coefficient (CC). The CC, originally introduced for binary,
undirected graphs, has been recently generalized to weighted, undirected
networks. Here we extend the CC to the case of (binary and weighted) directed
networks and we compute its expected value for random graphs. We distinguish
between CCs that count all directed triangles in the graph (independently of
the direction of their edges) and CCs that only consider particular types of
directed triangles (e.g., cycles). The main concepts are illustrated by
employing empirical data on world-trade flows
|
Clustering in Complex Directed Networks
|
clustering in complex directed networks
|
display inherent tendency i.e. circles nodes. clustering originally undirected weighted undirected networks. extend weighted directed graphs. distinguish count directed triangles independently directed triangles e.g. cycles concepts illustrated employing trade flows
|
exact_dup
|
[
"54929154"
] |
29111808
|
10.1038/sc.2014.168
|
Objective: To (1) examine the opinions of medical staff working in spinal cord injury (SCI) centres (SCICs); (2) evaluate their knowledge, attitudes and practices towards obesity prevention and management; (3) report the number of beds and dietitians available at each SCIC. Methods: A 37-item questionnaire was sent to 23 SCICs in the UK, the Netherlands, Belgium and the Republic of Ireland between September 2012 and January 2013. Results: Eighteen SCICs returned the questionnaires for analysis. All respondents stated that they had an interest in obesity treatment but only 2.3% of the respondents received training in obesity management. Sixty-one percent of staff did not consider body mass index (BMI) to be appropriate for use in SCI patients and subsequently less than half of the respondents use BMI routinely. The majority of respondents reported that they are confident in dealing with overweight (74.5%) and obese (66.1%) SCI adults, less than half (44.1%) are confident in treating overweight and obese SCI children. Respondents also indicated the need for nationally adopted guidelines and a lack of physical activity provision. There were 17.5 whole-time equivalent (WTE) dietitians recorded in 22 SCICs, equivalent to 47.8 beds per WTE dietitians (range 10–420). Non-UK SCIC dietitians are significantly better resourced than in UK SCICs (beds per WTE dietitian: 36 vs 124, P=0.035). Conclusion: Medical staff expressed the need to participate in obesity prevention and management. Appropriate training should be considered for all medical staff and the development of specific weight management guidelines and dietetic provision should be considered
|
Knowledge, attitudes and practices of medical staff towards obesity management in patients with spinal cord injuries: an International survey of four western European countries
|
knowledge, attitudes and practices of medical staff towards obesity management in patients with spinal cord injuries: an international survey of four western european countries
|
examine opinions staff spinal cord injury centres scics attitudes practices obesity prevention beds dietitians scic. item questionnaire sent scics netherlands belgium republic ireland september eighteen scics returned questionnaires analysis. respondents stated obesity respondents obesity management. sixty percent staff subsequently respondents routinely. majority respondents confident dealing overweight obese adults confident treating overweight obese children. respondents nationally adopted guidelines provision. dietitians scics beds dietitians scic dietitians resourced scics beds dietitian staff participate obesity prevention management. staff guidelines dietetic provision
|
exact_dup
|
[
"76980773"
] |
29137537
|
10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2014.05.028
|
The present article reports a study of thermal oxidation of unstabilized polyamide 11 films at several temperatures (90–165 °C) under atmospheric pressure and under various oxygen pressures (up to 1.6 MPa) at 110 °C. The chemical structure changes are monitored by IR spectroscopy (carbonyl groups) and UV–visible spectrophotometry (yellowing). Molar mass changes are determined by size exclusion chromatography (SEC). By investigating the influence of oxygen pressure it is clearly shown that reactions involving P° radicals other than O2 addition cannot be neglected under atmospheric pressure. Under the conditions of this study limited to relatively low oxidation levels, IR and UV measurements indicate that carbonyl groups and chromophores responsible for yellowing have the same relative yield whatever the temperature and oxygen pressure. SEC measurements highlight the significant predominance of random chain scissions over crosslinking events. Crosslinking only appears after an induction time, presumably because it involves reactions between primary oxidation products. The ratio of carbonyl groups over chain scissions is about 7.5 at low conversion and about 2.5 at high conversion, showing that α amino alkoxy radicals are mainly transformed into imides without chain scission
|
Molecular and macromolecular structure changes in polyamide 11 during thermal oxidation
|
molecular and macromolecular structure changes in polyamide 11 during thermal oxidation
|
oxidation unstabilized polyamide films pressures monitored spectroscopy carbonyl uv–visible spectrophotometry yellowing molar exclusion chromatography investigating involving radicals neglected pressure. oxidation carbonyl chromophores yellowing whatever pressure. highlight predominance scissions crosslinking events. crosslinking presumably involves oxidation products. carbonyl scissions conversion conversion alkoxy radicals transformed imides scission
|
exact_dup
|
[
"143692895"
] |
29501775
|
10.1088/1475-7516/2015/04/008
|
We study the cosmology of bimetric theory with a composite matter coupling.
We find two possible branches of background evolution. We investigate the
question of stability of cosmological perturbations. For the tensor and vector
perturbations, we derive conditions on the absence of ghost and gradient
instabilities. For the scalar modes, we obtain conditions for avoiding ghost
degrees. In the first branch, we find that one of the scalar modes becomes a
ghost at the late stages of the evolution. Conversely, this problem can be
avoided in the second branch. However, we also find that the constraint for the
second branch prevents the doubly coupled matter fields from being the standard
ingredients of cosmology. We thus conclude that a realistic and stable
cosmological model requires additional minimally coupled matter fields.Comment: 22 page
|
Cosmology in bimetric theory with an effective composite coupling to
matter
|
cosmology in bimetric theory with an effective composite coupling to matter
|
cosmology bimetric composite coupling. branches evolution. cosmological perturbations. perturbations derive ghost instabilities. avoiding ghost degrees. branch ghost evolution. conversely avoided branch. branch prevents doubly ingredients cosmology. realistic cosmological minimally
|
exact_dup
|
[
"35090792",
"39321957"
] |
30615264
|
10.1098/rspa.2015.0345
|
We propose and investigate different kinetic models for opinion formation, when the opinion formation process depends on an additional independent variable, e.g. a leadership or a spatial variable. More specifically, we consider: (i) opinion dynamics under the effect of opinion leadership, where each individual is characterised not only by its opinion, but also by another independent variable which quantifies leadership qualities; (ii) opinion dynamics modelling political segregation in the `The Big Sort', a phenomenon that US citizens increasingly prefer to live in neighbourhoods with politically like-minded individuals. Based on microscopic opinion consensus dynamics such models lead to inhomogeneous Boltzmann-type equations for the opinion distribution. We derive macroscopic Fokker-Planck-type equations in a quasi-invariant opinion limit and present results of numerical experiments
|
Opinion dynamics: inhomogeneous Boltzmann-type equations modelling opinion leadership and political segregation
|
opinion dynamics: inhomogeneous boltzmann-type equations modelling opinion leadership and political segregation
|
propose opinion opinion e.g. leadership variable. opinion opinion leadership characterised opinion quantifies leadership qualities opinion segregation sort phenomenon citizens increasingly prefer live neighbourhoods politically minded individuals. microscopic opinion consensus inhomogeneous boltzmann opinion distribution. derive macroscopic fokker planck quasi opinion
|
exact_dup
|
[
"29539941"
] |
30804222
|
10.1080/13538322.2014.904587
|
Learning outcomes of higher education are a quality tool in a changing higher education landscape but cannot be seen as neutral measures across professions and disciplines. Survey results from graduates and recent graduates indicate that prevailing measures of learning outcomes yield the same result within and across disciplinary and professional divides. The main interpretation is that learning outcomes must be seen as a valid construct but that the results are highly dependent on the profession and discipline in a way that cannot be reduced to differences in learning outcomes only; measurements of learning outcomes must also be interpreted as mirroring different knowledge structures and knowledge bases in different professions and disciplines. Thus, attempts to make neutral comparisons of learning outcomes between different professions and disciplines are vulnerable to measuring only the differences in knowledge structures
|
Learning outcomes across disciplines and professions: Measurement and interpretation
|
learning outcomes across disciplines and professions: measurement and interpretation
|
changing landscape neutral professions disciplines. graduates graduates prevailing disciplinary professional divides. valid profession discipline interpreted mirroring bases professions disciplines. attempts neutral comparisons professions disciplines vulnerable measuring
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52096434"
] |
30934363
|
10.1016/j.compositesa.2006.09.009
|
There are many factors which influence the incorporation of particulate in metal matrix composites (MMCs). This paper presents work which examines the effect of viscosity during Al–SiC MMC production. Processing periods (up to 65 min), stirring speeds (50– 500 rpm), and re-inforcement sizes (13–100 lm) for two different viscosity levels (1 and 300 mPa s) were investigated. Computer simulations, room temperature analogue fluid simulations, and MMC castings were performed. Volume fraction results of SiC at different locations within the fluids were assessed by each of these methods and compared. From these tests, a stirring speed of 200 rpm for the lower viscosity fluid and 300 rpm for the higher viscosity fluid were found to be best in order to produce uniform distributions of SiC. In order to obtain a uniform re-inforcement distribution in the lower viscosity system, stirring periods were found to range from 14 to 170 s and for the higher viscosity system from 540 to more than 3920 s. Fully uniform suspensions remained for just a couple of seconds in the lower viscosity system compared to about an hour for the higher viscosity system. The modelling approach chosen was found to be useful in predicting settling behaviour in the semi-solid metal
|
Computational and experimental analysis of particulate distribution during Al–SiC MMC fabrication
|
computational and experimental analysis of particulate distribution during al–sic mmc fabrication
|
incorporation particulate composites mmcs presents examines viscosity al–sic production. stirring speeds inforcement sizes viscosity investigated. room analogue castings performed. locations fluids compared. stirring viscosity viscosity sic. inforcement viscosity stirring viscosity suspensions remained couple seconds viscosity hour viscosity system. predicting settling
|
exact_dup
|
[
"147607673"
] |
30934619
|
10.1016/j.aap.2013.02.022
|
This study examines the interactive relationship between three dimensions of safety climate (management commitment to safety, priority of safety, and pressure for production), and their impact on risk behavior reported by employees. The sample consisted of 623 employees from a chemical manufacturing organization in South Africa. Hierarchical regression analyses were carried out to test the direct effects and the interaction effect of the three safety climate dimensions on risk behavior. The results showed that, as expected, employees’ risk behavior was negatively related to management commitment to safety and priority of safety and positively related to pressure for production. Moreover, as expected, the three-way interaction between management commitment to safety, priority of safety and pressure for production was significant. When pressure for production was high, management commitment to safety was positively related to risk behavior, regardless of level of priority of safety on plant. When pressure for production was low, the effect of management commitment to safety on risk behavior was nullified under conditions of high, as compared to low priority of safety on plant. These findings highlight the importance of managerial commitment to safety in contexts where employees experience tensions between production deadlines and safety procedures
|
Safety climate dimensions as predictors for risk behavior
|
safety climate dimensions as predictors for risk behavior
|
examines interactive commitment priority employees. consisted employees manufacturing africa. hierarchical behavior. employees’ negatively commitment priority positively production. commitment priority significant. commitment positively regardless priority plant. commitment nullified priority plant. highlight managerial commitment contexts employees tensions deadlines
|
exact_dup
|
[
"147608249"
] |
33453053
|
10.1016/j.anbehav.2015.06.006
|
Aggregating and moving with relatives may enable animals to increase opportunities for kin selection to occur. To gain group-living benefits, animals must coordinate their behaviour. Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, demonstrate both territoriality and schooling: the two key social behaviours performed by fish. In this investigation we compared the migratory timing and behaviour of six distinct full-sibling groups of tagged S. salar smolts with a large control sample from the same wild population. The results clearly demonstrate that the incidence of schooling and diel migratory timing is not significantly influenced by relatedness, and this adds further support to the hypothesis that S. salar smolt migration is primarily an adaptive response to environmental conditions, rather than a behaviour based solely on genetics or kin-biased behaviour. Used in conjunction with the results of two previous investigations, this is the first study to illustrate that kin discrimination among full-sibling groups of parr does not lead to kin-biased schooling in smolts. Thus, even within the same full-sibling groups, the extent of kin-biased behaviour in fish can both differ within a life history stage under varying ecological conditions and shift from one life history stage to the next
|
Does relatedness influence migratory timing and behaviour in Atlantic salmon smolts?
|
does relatedness influence migratory timing and behaviour in atlantic salmon smolts?
|
aggregating moving relatives enable opportunities occur. living benefits coordinate behaviour. atlantic salmon salmo salar territoriality schooling behaviours fish. migratory timing sibling tagged salar smolts population. incidence schooling diel migratory timing influenced relatedness adds salar smolt migration primarily adaptive solely genetics biased behaviour. conjunction investigations illustrate discrimination sibling parr biased schooling smolts. sibling biased fish ecological
|
exact_dup
|
[
"81948860"
] |
35085511
|
10.1007/JHEP12(2014)094
|
We construct various examples of 1 4 $$ \frac{1}{4} $$ -BPS giant gravitons embedded into the type IIB supergravity background AdS 3 × S + 3 × S − 3 × S 1 with pure R-R flux: two D1-brane giants wrapping 1-cycles in AdS 3 and S + 3 × S − 3 , and one D5-brane giant wrapping a 4-cycle in S + 3 × S − 3 and the S 1 . These D-branes are supported by angular momenta α P on one 3-sphere and (1 − α ) P on the other. We then construct a general class of 1 8 $$ \frac{1}{8} $$ -BPS D5-brane giant gravitons wrapping 4-cycles Σ in S + 3 × S − 3 and the S 1 . Here Σ is the intersection of a holomorphic surface C $$ \mathcal{C} $$ in ℂ + 2 × ℂ − 2 with the S + 3 × S − 3 submanifold. The holomorphic surface C $$ \mathcal{C} $$ is defined by f ( y 1 z 1 , y 1 z 2 , y 2 z 1 , y 2 z 2 ) = 0, with y a and z a the ℂ ± 2 complex coordinates. There is supersymmetry enhancement to 1 4 $$ \frac{1}{4} $$ -BPS in the special case f ( y 1 z 1 ) = 0 of which our original D5-brane giant graviton is an example
|
D1 and D5-brane giant gravitons on AdS 3 × S 3 × S 3 × S 1
|
d1 and d5-brane giant gravitons on ads 3 × s 3 × s 3 × s 1
|
frac giant gravitons embedded supergravity brane giants wrapping cycles brane giant wrapping branes momenta sphere other. frac brane giant gravitons wrapping cycles intersection holomorphic mathcal submanifold. holomorphic mathcal coordinates. supersymmetry enhancement frac brane giant graviton
|
exact_dup
|
[
"35085341"
] |
35091664
|
10.1088/1475-7516/2015/9/039
|
We reexamine inflation due to a constrained inflaton in the model of a complex scalar. Inflaton evolves along a spiral-like valley of special scalar potential in the scalar field space just like single field inflation. Sub-Planckian inflaton can induce sufficient e-foldings because of a long slow-roll path. In a special limit, the scalar spectral index and the tensor-to-scalar ratio has equivalent expressions to the inflation with monomial potential φn. The favorable values for them could be obtained by varying parameters in the potential. This model could be embedded in a certain radiative neutrino mass mode
|
Constrained inflaton due to a complex scalar
|
constrained inflaton due to a complex scalar
|
reexamine inflation constrained inflaton scalar. inflaton evolves spiral valley inflation. planckian inflaton induce foldings slow roll path. expressions inflation monomial favorable potential. embedded radiative
|
exact_dup
|
[
"35091760"
] |
35091739
|
10.1093/ptep/ptv120
|
In this paper, we apply the orbifold GUT mechanism to the SU(5) model in noncommutative geometry, including the fermionic sector. Imposing proper parity assignments for “constituent fields” of bosons and fermions, the couplings between fermions and the heavy bosons , , and are prohibited by the parity symmetry. As a result, the derived fermionic Lagrangian is just that of the standard model, and proton decay is forbidden at tree level. If quantum fluctuation respects the parity symmetry, the process will be naturally suppressed or even forbidden completely
|
SU(5) orbifold GUT in noncommutative geometry
|
su(5) orbifold gut in noncommutative geometry
|
orbifold noncommutative fermionic sector. imposing proper parity assignments “constituent fields” bosons fermions couplings fermions bosons prohibited parity symmetry. fermionic lagrangian proton forbidden level. fluctuation respects parity naturally suppressed forbidden
|
exact_dup
|
[
"35091645"
] |
35092445
|
10.1007/JHEP08(2015)135
|
At a meson melting transition in holographic QCD, a weak turbulence of mesons was found with critical embeddings of probe D-branes in gravity duals. The turbulent mesons have a power-law energy distribution ε n ∝ ( ω n ) α where ω n is the mass of the n -th excited resonance of the meson tower. In this paper, we find that the turbulence power α is universal, irrespective of how the transition is driven, by numerically calculating the power in various static brane setups at criticality. We also find that the power α depends only on the cone dimensions of the probe D-branes
|
Universal turbulence on branes in holography
|
universal turbulence on branes in holography
|
meson melting holographic turbulence mesons embeddings branes duals. turbulent mesons excited meson tower. turbulence universal irrespective numerically calculating brane setups criticality. cone branes
|
exact_dup
|
[
"35091986"
] |
38678545
|
10.1063/1.4862169
|
Co-ion (5 mol %) substitution in Na1/2Bi1/2TiO 3 (NBT) host lattice and their effects on the structural, ferroelectric and dielectric behavior has been investigated thoroughly in this present study. The substituted Co-ion at Ti-site acts an acceptor type doping and hardens (i.e., increase in coercivity) the system without any noticeable change in the remanent polarization values. However, the intermediate antiferroelectric (AFE) ordering which exists between 200 C-280 C in NBT system has been suppressed due to Co-ion substitution, which is an interesting feature for device applications
|
Evidence for the suppression of intermediate anti-ferroelectric ordering and observation of hardening mechanism in Na1/2Bi 1/2TiO3 ceramics through cobalt substitution
|
evidence for the suppression of intermediate anti-ferroelectric ordering and observation of hardening mechanism in na1/2bi 1/2tio3 ceramics through cobalt substitution
|
substitution ferroelectric dielectric thoroughly study. substituted acts acceptor doping hardens i.e. coercivity noticeable remanent values. antiferroelectric ordering suppressed substitution
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52169780"
] |
39331871
|
10.1007/JHEP01(2015)002
|
We study numerically the phase structure and the gluon propagator of the SU(2) gauge-Higgs model in two dimensions. First, we calculate gauge-invariant quantities, in particular the static potential from Wilson Loop, the W propagator, and the plaquette expectation value. Our results suggest that a confinement-like region and a Higgs-like region appear even in two dimensions. In the confinement-like region, the static potential rises linearly, with string breaking at large distances, while in the Higgs-like region, it is of Yukawa type, consistent with a Higgs-type mechanism. The correlation length obtained from the W propagator has a finite maximum between these regions. The plaquette expectation value shows a smooth cross-over consistent with the Fradkin-Shenker-Osterwalder-Seiler theorem. From these results, we suggest that there is no phase transition in two dimensions. We also calculate a gauge-dependent order parameter in Landau gauge. Unlike gauge invariant quantities, the gauge non-invariant order parameter has a line of discontinuity separating these two regions. Finally we calculate the gluon propagtor. We infer from its infrared behavior that the gluon propagator would vanish at zero momentum in the infinite-volume limit, consistent with an analytical study
|
Phase structure and the gluon propagator of SU(2) gauge-Higgs model in two dimensions
|
phase structure and the gluon propagator of su(2) gauge-higgs model in two dimensions
|
numerically gluon propagator dimensions. quantities wilson propagator plaquette expectation value. confinement dimensions. confinement rises linearly breaking distances yukawa mechanism. propagator regions. plaquette expectation fradkin shenker osterwalder seiler theorem. dimensions. landau gauge. unlike quantities discontinuity separating regions. gluon propagtor. infer infrared gluon propagator vanish infinite
|
exact_dup
|
[
"35085814"
] |
41128667
|
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.09.033
|
Global emissions reported by many authors have shown as natural and anthropic sources can contribute\ud
to the principal aerosol classes, but values change according the local scenario. The Venice Lagoon is\ud
exposed to different anthropic source emissions like vehicular traffic, industrial thermoelectric power\ud
plant, petrochemical plant, incinerator plant, domestic heating, ship traffic, glass factories and airport.\ud
Samplings of PM2.5 were daily performed between March and November 2007 in Sacca San Biagio island\ud
(Venice), and values of PM2.5 concentration and element concentration were obtained. Monthly average\ud
concentrations (mgm3) during this period show higher values during the spring and the autumn. A good\ud
relationship between data obtained and concentration values from environmental local agencies is\ud
evidenced, both for PM2.5 from urban area (Venezia Mestre), and for PM10 sampled in the same area, as\ud
well as the influence of some meteorological parameters on PM2.5 concentration sampled. Trace\ud
elements samples were measured by an Inductively Coupled Plasma-Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry\ud
(ICP-QMS), and values (ng m3 and mg g1) for elements regulated by European directives (As, Cd, Ni, Pb),\ud
as well as, other elements (Na, Al, K, Ti, V, Mn, Fe, Co, Zn, Se, Ag) are also reported. Data analysis by mean\ud
of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) pointed out four principal\ud
groups of elements like Mn–Fe–K, As–Se–Cd, V–Co, and Pb that could be assigned to specific sources of\ud
the Venetian wetland basin
|
An evaluation of the PM2.5 trace elemental composition in the VeniceLagoon area and an analysis of the possible sources
|
an evaluation of the pm2.5 trace elemental composition in the venicelagoon area and an analysis of the possible sources
|
anthropic principal aerosol scenario. venice lagoon exposed anthropic vehicular traffic industrial thermoelectric petrochemical incinerator domestic heating ship traffic glass factories airport. samplings november sacca biagio island venice obtained. monthly spring autumn. agencies evidenced venezia mestre sampled meteorological sampled. trace inductively quadrupole spectrometry regulated directives reported. principal factorization pointed principal mn–fe–k as–se–cd v–co assigned venetian wetland basin
|
exact_dup
|
[
"53169210"
] |
41135574
|
10.1016/j.jbankfin.2013.06.005
|
We present the results of the first experimental study of financial markets contagion. We develop a model of financial contagion amenable to be tested in the laboratory. In the model, contagion happens because of cross-market rebalancing, a channel for transmission of shocks across markets first studied by Kodres and Pritsker (2002). Theory predicts that, because of portfolio rebalancing, a negative shock in one market transmits itself to the others, as investors adjust their portfolio allocations. The theory is supported by the experimental results. The price observed in the laboratory is close to that predicted by theory, and strong contagion effects are observed. The results are robust across different market structures. Moreover, as theory predicts, lower asymmetric information in a (“developed”) financial market increases the contagion effects in (“emerging”) markets
|
Financial contagion in the laboratory: The cross-market rebalancing channel
|
financial contagion in the laboratory: the cross-market rebalancing channel
|
markets contagion. contagion amenable laboratory. contagion happens rebalancing shocks markets kodres pritsker predicts portfolio rebalancing shock transmits investors adjust portfolio allocations. results. contagion observed. robust structures. predicts asymmetric “developed” contagion “emerging” markets
|
exact_dup
|
[
"53176111"
] |
44129433
|
10.1016/j.physa.2006.10.069
|
A new object of the probability theory, the two-sided chain of symbols (introduced in Ref. arXiv:physics/0306170) is used to study isotropy properties of binary multi-step Markov chains with the long-range correlations. Established statistical correspondence between the Markov chains and certain two-sided sequences allows us to prove the isotropy properties of three classes of the Markov chains. One of them is the important class of weakly correlated additive Markov chains, which turned out to be equivalent to the additive two-sided sequences
|
Isotropy Properties of the Multi-Step Markov Symbolic Sequences
|
isotropy properties of the multi-step markov symbolic sequences
|
sided symbols ref. isotropy markov chains correlations. correspondence markov chains sided isotropy markov chains. weakly additive markov chains turned additive sided
|
exact_dup
|
[
"2641761"
] |
46781810
|
10.1063/1.2178153
|
Journal of Mathematical Physics ThéorieIn this paper we perform an exact study of ``Quantum Fidelity'' (also called Loschmidt Echo) for the time-periodic quantum Harmonic Oscillator of Hamiltonian : $$ \hat H_{g}(t):=\frac{P^2}{2 }+ f(t)\frac{Q^2}{2}+\frac{g^2}{Q^2} $$ when compared with the quantum evolution induced by $\hat H_{0}(t)$ ($g=0$), in the case where $f$ is a $T$-periodic function and $g$ a real constant. The reference (initial) state is taken to be an arbitrary ``generalized coherent state'' in the sense of Perelomov. We show that, starting with a quadratic decrease in time in the neighborhood of $t=0$, this quantum fidelity may recur to its initial value 1 at an infinite sequence of times {$t_{k}$}. We discuss the result when the classical motion induced by Hamiltonian $\hat H_{0}(t)$ is assumed to be stable versus unstable. A beautiful relationship between the quantum and the classical fidelity is also demonstrated
|
The quantum fidelity for the time-dependent singular quantum oscillator
|
the quantum fidelity for the time-dependent singular quantum oscillator
|
mathematical théoriein fidelity loschmidt echo harmonic oscillator frac frac frac constant. coherent perelomov. quadratic neighborhood fidelity recur infinite unstable. beautiful fidelity
|
exact_dup
|
[
"152391519"
] |
47083417
|
10.1016/j.oregeorev.2016.04.018
|
International audienceConcentrations of 7% U and 1% Cu were identified in massive, brecciated, and amorphous carbonaceous materials (CM) characterized by strongly negative values of carbon stable isotopes (δ13C = − 39.1‰ relative to PDB). The anomalies are restricted to clay alteration halos developed in Neoarchean Woodburn Lake group metagreywacke that is the predominant host of unconformity-related uranium (U) deposits in the Kiggavik exploration camp. Petrographic and microstructural analyses by SEM, X-Ray Diffraction, HR-TEM and RAMAN spectroscopy identified carbon veils, best described as graphene-like carbon, upon which nano-scale uraninite crystals are distributed. CM are common in U systems such as the classic Cretaceous roll-front deposits and the world-class Paleoproterozoic unconformity-related deposits. However, the unusual spatial and textural association of U minerals and CM described herein raises questions on mechanisms that may have been responsible for the precipitation of the CM followed by crystallization of U oxides on its surfaces. Based on the characteristics presented herein, the CMs at Kiggavik are interpreted as hydrothermal in origin. Furthermore, the nanoscale organization and properties of these graphene-like layers that host U oxide crystallites clearly localized U oxide nucleation and growth
|
Nanoscale relationships between uranium and carbonaceous material in alteration halos around unconformity-related uranium deposits of the Kiggavik camp, Paleoproterozoic Thelon Basin, Nunavut, Canada
|
nanoscale relationships between uranium and carbonaceous material in alteration halos around unconformity-related uranium deposits of the kiggavik camp, paleoproterozoic thelon basin, nunavut, canada
|
audienceconcentrations massive brecciated amorphous carbonaceous isotopes anomalies restricted clay alteration halos neoarchean woodburn lake metagreywacke predominant unconformity uranium deposits kiggavik exploration camp. petrographic microstructural diffraction raman spectroscopy veils graphene nano uraninite crystals distributed. classic cretaceous roll front deposits paleoproterozoic unconformity deposits. unusual textural minerals herein raises precipitation crystallization oxides surfaces. herein kiggavik interpreted hydrothermal origin. nanoscale graphene oxide crystallites localized oxide nucleation
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48154345",
"52710595"
] |
47086058
|
10.1016/j.jbspin.2015.07.003
|
International audienceOsteoarticular iatrogenic infections may be serious and justify suitable and optimised preventive measures depending on each risk, as much in terms of mortality as of morbidity. Its appreciation has been the subject of more and more studies, which allow the importance of the problem to be better evaluated. The level of iatrogenic infections after arthroscopy is evaluated at 1 to 5‰ on a recent series of knee operations, but they may be much higher for the elbow [1] and [2]. In practice, this examination is no longer used for diagnosis as it was 10 years ago, the progress in imagery means this invasive act is no longer necessary..
|
Prevention of iatrogenic infections in interventional rheumatology: Optimal measures but adapted to each risk
|
prevention of iatrogenic infections in interventional rheumatology: optimal measures but adapted to each risk
|
audienceosteoarticular iatrogenic infections serious justify optimised preventive morbidity. appreciation evaluated. iatrogenic infections arthroscopy knee operations elbow examination progress imagery invasive necessary..
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48161069",
"52994050"
] |
47105893
|
10.1016/j.astropartphys.2009.01.001
|
International audienceThe new setup of the CODALEMA experiment installed at the Radio Observatory in Nançay, France, is described. It includes broadband active dipole antennas and an extended and upgraded particle detector array. The latter gives access to the air shower energy, allowing us to compute the efficiency of the radio array as a function of energy. We also observe a large asymmetry in counting rates between showers coming from the North and the South in spite of the symmetry of the detector. The observed asymmetry can be interpreted as a signature of the geomagnetic origin of the air shower radio emission. A simple linear dependence of the electric field with respect to ∧ is used which reproduces the angular dependencies of the number of radio events and their electric polarity
|
Geomagnetic origin of the radio emission from cosmic ray induced air showers observed by CODALEMA
|
geomagnetic origin of the radio emission from cosmic ray induced air showers observed by codalema
|
audiencethe setup codalema installed observatory nançay described. broadband dipole antennas upgraded array. shower allowing array energy. asymmetry counting showers coming spite detector. asymmetry interpreted signature geomagnetic shower emission. reproduces dependencies polarity
|
exact_dup
|
[
"46767281",
"50616842",
"52662457",
"52733991",
"53011079",
"54039219"
] |
47114279
|
10.1038/leu.2008.188
|
International audienceGene expression profiles have been associated with clinical outcome in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) treated with anthracycline-containing chemotherapy. Using Affymetrix HU133A microarrays, we analyzed the lymphoma transcriptional profile of 30 patients treated with CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone) and 23 patients treated with rituximab (R)-CHOP in the Groupe d'Etude des Lymphomes de l'Adulte clinical centers. We used this data set to select transcripts showing an association with progression-free survival in all patients or showing a differential effect in the two treatment groups. We performed real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR in the 23 R-CHOP samples of the screening set and an additional 44 R-CHOP samples set to evaluate the prognostic significance of these transcripts. In these 67 patients, the level of expression of 16 genes and the cell-of-origin classification were significantly associated with overall survival, independently of the International Prognostic Index. A multivariate model comprising four genes of the cell-of-origin signature (LMO2, MME, LPP and FOXP1) and two genes related to immune response, identified for their differential effects in R-CHOP patients (APOBEC3G and RAB33A), demonstrated a high predictive efficiency in this set of patients, suggesting that both features affect outcome in DLBCL patients receiving immunochemotherapy
|
The expression of 16 genes related to the cell of origin and immune response predicts survival in elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with CHOP and rituximab.
|
the expression of 16 genes related to the cell of origin and immune response predicts survival in elderly patients with diffuse large b-cell lymphoma treated with chop and rituximab.
|
audiencegene diffuse lymphoma dlbcl anthracycline chemotherapy. affymetrix microarrays lymphoma transcriptional chop cyclophosphamide doxorubicin vincristine prednisone rituximab chop groupe etude lymphomes adulte centers. select transcripts progression groups. reverse chop screening chop prognostic transcripts. independently prognostic index. multivariate comprising signature foxp immune chop apobec predictive dlbcl receiving immunochemotherapy
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52198940",
"52326563"
] |
47306105
|
10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.096105
|
International audienceThe application of stress to multiphase solid-liquid systems often results in morphological instabilities. Here we propose a solid-solid phase transformation model for roughening instability in the interface between two porous materials with different porosities under normal compression stresses. This instability is triggered by a finite jump in the free energy density across the interface, and it leads to the formation of fingerlike structures aligned with the principal direction of compaction. The model is proposed as an explanation for the roughening of stylolites—irregular interfaces associated with the compaction of sedimentary rocks that fluctuate about a plane perpendicular to the principal direction of compaction
|
Stress-Driven Phase Transformation and the Roughening of Solid-Solid Interfaces
|
stress-driven phase transformation and the roughening of solid-solid interfaces
|
audiencethe multiphase morphological instabilities. propose roughening instability porous porosities compression stresses. instability triggered jump fingerlike aligned principal compaction. explanation roughening stylolites—irregular interfaces compaction sedimentary rocks fluctuate perpendicular principal compaction
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52747718"
] |
47312352
|
10.1016/j.soildyn.2004.11.003
|
International audienceThe main purpose of the paper is to analyze seismic site effects in alluvial basins and to discuss the influence of the knowledge of the local geology on site amplification simulations. Wave amplification is due to a combined effect of impedance ratio between soil layers and surface wave propagation due to the limited extent of the basin. In this paper, we investigate the influence of the complexity of the soil layering (simplified or detailed layering) on site effects in both time and frequency domain. The analysis is performed by the Boundary Element Method. The European test site of Volvi (Greece) is considered and 2D amplification in the basin is investigated for various soil models. Seismic signals are computed in time domain for synthetic Ricker signals as well as actual measurements. They are analyzed in terms of amplification level as well as time duration lengthening (basin effects) for both SH and SV waves. These results show that the geometry of the basin has a very strong influence on seismic wave amplification in terms of both amplification level and time duration lengthening. The combined influence of geometry/layering of alluvial basins seems to be very important for the analysis of 2D (3D) site effects but a simplified analysis could sometimes be sufficient. In the case of Volvi European test site, this influence leads to (measured and computed) 2D amplification ratios far above 1D estimations from horizontal layering descriptions
|
Seismic wave amplification: Basin geometry vs soil layering.
|
seismic wave amplification: basin geometry vs soil layering.
|
audiencethe analyze seismic alluvial basins geology amplification simulations. amplification impedance propagation basin. layering simplified layering domain. method. volvi greece amplification basin models. seismic synthetic ricker measurements. amplification lengthening basin waves. basin seismic amplification amplification lengthening. layering alluvial basins simplified sometimes sufficient. volvi amplification estimations layering descriptions
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52765430"
] |
48191549
|
10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2013.09.028
|
International audienceThis paper investigates the effects of different surface treatments on the mechanical resistance of interface between wires of NiTi shape memory alloy and silicone rubber. Three different treatments were used; primer, plasma and combination of both. The wires deoxidation effects have also been studied. In order to characterize the interface properties in such composite material, pull-out tests were carried out by means of a home-made device. This test allows us to evaluate the mechanical resistance of the interface in terms of the maximum force reached during the test. First, results show that the debonding force is not higher after the wires deoxidation. This preparation is therefore not necessary. Second, using a primer PM820 and plasma separately leads to a significant improvment of the mechanical resistance. Third, the combination of these treatments (primer followed by plasma) and a longer time of exposure to the plasma alone get the debonding force higher. Consequently, NiTi/silicone rubber interface improved only by means of plasma offers a new way to obtain biocompatible interfaces in such composite material
|
Mechanical characterization and comparison of different NiTi/silicone rubber interfaces
|
mechanical characterization and comparison of different niti/silicone rubber interfaces
|
audiencethis investigates treatments wires niti alloy silicone rubber. treatments primer both. wires deoxidation studied. characterize composite pull home device. reached test. debonding wires deoxidation. preparation necessary. primer separately improvment resistance. treatments primer debonding higher. niti silicone rubber offers biocompatible interfaces composite
|
exact_dup
|
[
"51955258",
"53002452"
] |
48194889
|
10.1007/978-3-642-45269-7_5
|
International audienceWe study the problem of achieving uniform and fresh peer sampling in large scale dynamic systems under adversarial behaviors. Briefly, uniform and fresh peer sampling guarantees that any node in the system is equally likely to appear as a sample at any non malicious node in the system and that infinitely often any node has a non-null probability to appear as a sample of honest nodes. This sample is built locally out of a stream of node identifiers received at each node. An important issue that seriously hampers the feasibility of node sampling in open and large scale systems is the unavoidable presence of malicious nodes. The objective of malicious nodes mainly consists in continuously and largely biasing the input data stream out of which samples are obtained, to prevent (honest) nodes from being selected as samples. First we demonstrate that restricting the number of requests that malicious nodes can issue and providing a full knowledge of the composition of the system is a necessary and sufficient condition to guarantee uniform and fresh sampling. We also define and study two types of adversary models: an omniscient adversary that has the capacity to eavesdrop on all the messages that are exchanged within the system, and a blind adversary that can only observe messages that have been sent or received by nodes it controls. The former model allows us to derive lower bounds on the impact that the adversary has on the sampling functionality while the latter one corresponds to a more realistic setting. Given any sampling strategy, we quantify the minimum effort exerted by both types of adversary on any input stream to prevent this sampling strategy from outputting a uniform and fresh sample
|
On the Power of the Adversary to Solve the Node Sampling Problem
|
on the power of the adversary to solve the node sampling problem
|
audiencewe achieving fresh peer adversarial behaviors. briefly fresh peer guarantees equally malicious infinitely honest nodes. built locally stream identifiers node. seriously hampers feasibility unavoidable malicious nodes. malicious continuously largely biasing stream prevent honest samples. restricting requests malicious guarantee fresh sampling. adversary omniscient adversary eavesdrop messages exchanged blind adversary messages sent controls. former derive bounds adversary functionality realistic setting. quantify effort exerted adversary stream prevent outputting fresh
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52798081",
"53003434"
] |
48227153
|
10.1063/1.3651401
|
International audienceElectrical transport in ultrathin Metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) tunnel junctions is analyzed using the temperature dependence of current density and admittance characteristics, as illustrated by Hg//C12H25 - n Si junctions incorporating n-alkyl molecular layers (1.45 nm thick) covalently bonded to Si(111). The voltage partition is obtained from J(V, T) characteristics, over eight decades in current. In the low forward bias regime (0.2-0.4 V) governed by thermionic emission, the observed linear T-dependence of the effective barrier height, qΦEFF(T) = qΦB+(kT)β0dT, provides the tunnel barrier attenuation, exp(-β0dT), with β0= 0.93 Å−1 and the thermionic emission barrier height, ΦB = 0.53 eV. In the high-forward-bias regime (0.5-2.0 V), the bias dependence of the tunnel barrier transparency, approximated by a modified Simmons model for a rectangular tunnel barrier, provides the tunnel barrier height, ΦT = 0.5 eV; the fitted prefactor value, G0 = 10−10 Ω−1, is four decades smaller than the theoretical Simmons prefactor for MIM structures. The density distribution of defects localized at the C12H25 - n Si interface is deduced from admittance data (low-high frequency method) and from a simulation of the response time τR(V) using Gomila's model for a non equilibrium tunnel junction. The low density of electrically active defects near mid-gap (DS < 2 × 1011 eV−1.cm−2) indicates a good passivation of dangling bonds at the dodecyl - n Si (111) interface
|
Temperature dependence of current density and admittance in metal-insulator-semiconductor junctions with molecular insulator
|
temperature dependence of current density and admittance in metal-insulator-semiconductor junctions with molecular insulator
|
audienceelectrical ultrathin insulator semiconductor tunnel junctions admittance illustrated junctions incorporating alkyl thick covalently bonded partition eight decades current. governed thermionic barrier qφeff tunnel barrier attenuation thermionic barrier tunnel barrier transparency approximated simmons rectangular tunnel barrier tunnel barrier fitted prefactor decades simmons prefactor structures. defects localized deduced admittance gomila tunnel junction. electrically defects .cm− passivation dangling bonds dodecyl
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47724348"
] |
48323034
|
10.1016/j.jappgeo.2014.12.005
|
International audienceWhen applied to hydrogeology, seismic methods are generally confined to the characterisation of aquifers geometry. The joint study of pressure-(P) and shear-(S) wave velocities (V P and V S) can provide supplementary information and improve the understanding of aquifer systems. This approach is proposed here with the estimation of V P /V S ratios in a stratified aquifer system characterised by tabular layers, well-delineated thanks to electrical resistivity tomography, log and piezometer data. We carried out seismic surveys under two hydrological conditions (high and low flow regimes) to retrieve V S from both surface-wave dispersion inversion and SH-wave refraction interpretation, while V P were obtained from P-wave refraction interpretation. P-wave first arrivals provided 1D V P structures in very good agreement with the stratification and the water table level. Both V S models are similar and remain consistent with the stratification. The theoretical dispersion curves computed from both V S models present a good fit with the maxima of dispersion images, even in areas where dispersion curves could not be picked. Furthermore, V P /V S and Poisson's ratios computed with V S models obtained from both methods show a strong contrast for both flow regimes at depths consistent with the water table level, with distinct values corresponding to partially and fully saturated sediments
|
Detecting different water table levels in a shallow aquifer with combined P-, surface and SH-wave surveys: Insights from VP/VS or Poisson's ratios
|
detecting different water table levels in a shallow aquifer with combined p-, surface and sh-wave surveys: insights from vp/vs or poisson's ratios
|
audiencewhen hydrogeology seismic confined characterisation aquifers geometry. velocities supplementary aquifer systems. stratified aquifer characterised tabular delineated thanks electrical resistivity tomography piezometer data. seismic surveys hydrological regimes retrieve inversion refraction refraction interpretation. arrivals stratification level. stratification. maxima picked. poisson regimes depths partially saturated sediments
|
exact_dup
|
[
"51224369"
] |
49298774
|
10.1051/m2an/2010045
|
International audienceWe consider a Vlasov-Fokker-Planck equation governing the evolution of the density of interacting and diffusive matter in the space of positions and velocities. We use a probabilistic interpretation to obtain convergence towards equilibrium in Wasserstein distance with an explicit exponential rate. We also prove a propagation of chaos property for an associated particle system, and give rates on the approximation of the solution by the particle system. Finally, a transportation inequality for the distribution of the particle system leads to quantitative deviation bounds on the approximation of the equilibrium solution of the equation by an empirical mean of the particles at given time
|
Trend to equilibrium and particle approximation for a weakly selfconsistent Vlasov-Fokker-Planck equation
|
trend to equilibrium and particle approximation for a weakly selfconsistent vlasov-fokker-planck equation
|
audiencewe vlasov fokker planck governing interacting diffusive velocities. probabilistic wasserstein exponential rate. propagation chaos system. transportation inequality bounds
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48252483"
] |
51231645
|
10.1016/j.apergo.2007.01.005
|
Conference: Flightdeck of the future edited by SHARPLES, Saraha, STEDMON, AlexInternational audienceChanges in aviation over the last 30 years have dramatically affected the way that flight crews fly aircraft. The implementation and evolution of the glass cockpit, however, has happened in an almost ad hoc fashion, meaning that it does not always properly support the flight crew in carrying out their tasks. In such situations, the crew's mental model of what is happening does not always match the real state of affairs. In other words, there is a cognitive mismatch. An initial taxonomy of cognitive mismatches is defined, and the problem illustrated using an example from an aviation accident. Consideration is then given to how cognitive mismatches can be managed. A call is made for the development of an integrated cockpit architecture that takes better account of human capabilities and allows for new developments to be added to the cockpit in a more seamless manne
|
Cognitive mismatches in the cockpit : Will they ever be a thing of the past?
|
cognitive mismatches in the cockpit : will they ever be a thing of the past?
|
flightdeck edited sharples saraha stedmon alexinternational audiencechanges aviation dramatically flight crews aircraft. glass cockpit happened fashion meaning properly flight crew carrying tasks. situations crew happening match affairs. mismatch. taxonomy mismatches illustrated aviation accident. consideration mismatches managed. call cockpit architecture capabilities developments cockpit seamless manne
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47755305",
"47791715"
] |
51931896
|
10.1002/anie.201000122
|
International audienceOrganophosphorus compounds (OPs) represent one of the most important and lethal classes of chemical warfare agents (e.g. sarin, tabun, soman). Highly active volatile OPs are powerful inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase, which is a critical enzyme of the nervous system. [1] The ease of manufacturing OPs based on inexpensive starting materials makes these agents a weapon of choice for terrorist attacks. [2] Thus, the rapid sensing of these nerve agents has recently become an increasingly important research goal. Various approaches have been reported for the detection of these chemical warfare agents including colorimetric and fluorimetric spec-troscopies, [3] enzymatic assays, [4] piezoelectric devices, [5] single-walled carbon nanotube resistors [6] and capacitors. [7] However, these systems are plagued by limitations such as slow response time, moderate selectivity, operational complexity , or limited portability. Field-effect transistors (FET) based on nanomaterials such as semiconducting nanowires, nanoribbons, or carbon nanotubes have been recently explored for chemical and biological detection. [8] Their high effectiveness is mainly ascribed to an extreme sensitivity to electrostatic changes at the surface of the semiconductor and/or modifications of the Schottky barrier at the semiconductor/metal interface. A charge generation in the vicinity of the semiconductor of a FET is known to alter the electrical properties of the device. [9
|
Nerve Agent Sensors Sub-ppm Detection of Nerve Agents Using Chemically Functionalized Silicon Nanoribbon Field-Effect Transistors**
|
nerve agent sensors sub-ppm detection of nerve agents using chemically functionalized silicon nanoribbon field-effect transistors**
|
audienceorganophosphorus lethal warfare e.g. sarin tabun soman volatile powerful inhibitors acetylcholinesterase enzyme nervous system. ease manufacturing inexpensive weapon terrorist attacks. sensing nerve increasingly goal. warfare colorimetric fluorimetric spec troscopies enzymatic assays piezoelectric devices walled nanotube resistors capacitors. plagued limitations slow moderate selectivity operational portability. transistors nanomaterials semiconducting nanowires nanoribbons nanotubes explored detection. effectiveness ascribed extreme electrostatic semiconductor modifications schottky barrier semiconductor interface. vicinity semiconductor alter electrical device.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52670740"
] |
51957510
|
10.1016/j.sigpro.2014.01.031
|
International audienceThis paper addresses the problem of blind source separation for underdetermined mixtures (i.e., more sources than sensors) of event-related sources that include quasi-periodic sources (e.g., electrocardiogram (ECG)), sources with synchronized trials (e.g., event-related potentials (ERP)), and amplitude-variant sources. The proposed method is based on two steps: (i) tensor decomposition for underdetermined source separation and (ii) signal extraction by Kalman filtering to recover the source dynamics. A tensor is constructed for each source by synchronizing on the ''event'' period of the corresponding signal and stacking different periods along the second dimension of the tensor. To cope with the interference from other sources that impede on the extraction of weak signals, two robust tensor decomposition methods are proposed and compared. Then, the state parameters used within a nonlinear dynamic model for the extraction of event-related sources from noisy mixtures are estimated from the loading matrices provided by the first step. The influence of different parameters on the robustness to outliers of the proposed method is examined by numerical simulations. Applied to clinical electroencephalogram (EEG), ECG and magnetocardiogram (MCG), the proposed method exhibits a significantly higher performance in terms of expected signal shape than classical source separation methods such as piCA and FastICA
|
Blind source separation of underdetermined mixtures of event-related sources
|
blind source separation of underdetermined mixtures of event-related sources
|
audiencethis addresses blind underdetermined mixtures i.e. sensors quasi e.g. electrocardiogram synchronized e.g. potentials variant sources. decomposition underdetermined extraction kalman filtering recover dynamics. synchronizing stacking tensor. cope interference impede extraction robust decomposition compared. extraction noisy mixtures loading step. robustness outliers simulations. electroencephalogram magnetocardiogram exhibits pica fastica
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52779269"
] |
51963627
|
10.1007/978-3-319-02444-8_14
|
International audienceCloud applications are composed of a set of interconnected software components distributed over several virtual machines. There is a need for protocols that can dynamically reconfigure such distributed applications. In this paper, we present a novel protocol, which is able to resolve dependencies in these applications, by (dis)connecting and starting/stopping components in a specific order. These virtual machines interact through a publish-subscribe communication media and reconfig- ure themselves upon demand in a decentralised fashion. Designing such protocols is an error-prone task. Therefore, we decided to specify the protocol with the LNT value-passing process algebra and to verify it us- ing the model checking tools available in the CADP toolbox. As a result, the introduction of formal techniques and tools help to deeply revise the protocol, and these improvements have been taken into account in the corresponding Java implementation
|
Verification of a Dynamic Management Protocol for Cloud Applications
|
verification of a dynamic management protocol for cloud applications
|
audiencecloud composed interconnected virtual machines. protocols dynamically reconfigure applications. resolve dependencies connecting stopping order. virtual machines interact publish subscribe reconfig decentralised fashion. designing protocols prone task. decided specify passing verify checking cadp toolbox. formal deeply revise improvements java
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52780800"
] |
52128066
|
10.1016/j.ifacol.2015.10.275
|
A hybrid control approach for integral action in the PID control law for dynamically\ud
positioned marine vessels is considered. The proposed method is essentially a resetting of the\ud
integration gain when the control performance deteriorates. The method allows for a \ud
exible\ud
tuning, and could be useful when there are long periods of normal operating conditions, but\ud
abnormal events may occur. In that case the hybrid controller will have a low tuning in the\ud
normal regime and switch to a more aggressive tuning in the abnormal regime. Stability of the\ud
hybrid system is investigated, and a simulation case is performed.(c) 2015, IFAC (International Federation of Automatic Control) Hosting by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. This is the author' accepted and refereed manuscript to the article. Locked until 2017-01-01
|
Hybrid Control to Improve Transient Response of Integral Action in Dynamic Positioning of Marine Vessels
|
hybrid control to improve transient response of integral action in dynamic positioning of marine vessels
|
hybrid dynamically positioned marine vessels considered. essentially resetting deteriorates. exible tuning operating abnormal occur. hybrid controller tuning switch aggressive tuning abnormal regime. hybrid performed. ifac federation automatic hosting ltd. rights reserved. refereed article. locked
|
exact_dup
|
[
"154667245"
] |
52169715
|
10.1016/j.fss.2014.02.014
|
Fuzzy implications are one of the most important fuzzy logic connectives. In this work, we conduct a systematic algebraic study on the set II of all fuzzy implications. To this end, we propose a binary operation, denoted by ⊛, which makes (I,⊛I,⊛) a non-idempotent monoid. While this operation does not give a group structure, we determine the largest subgroup SS of this monoid and using its representation define a group action of SS that partitions II into equivalence classes. Based on these equivalence classes, we obtain a hitherto unknown representations of the two main families of fuzzy implications, viz., the f- and g-implications
|
Representations through a monoid on the set of fuzzy implications
|
representations through a monoid on the set of fuzzy implications
|
fuzzy fuzzy logic connectives. conduct algebraic fuzzy implications. propose denoted idempotent monoid. subgroup monoid partitions equivalence classes. equivalence hitherto unknown representations families fuzzy viz.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"38678480"
] |
52191857
|
10.1007/s10693-011-0104-0
|
International audienceWe investigate which factors influence 44,649 employees' decision to invest in a top retail banking group in France. We have two objectives: (i) to explore factors associated with the amount invested in the plan, and (ii) to explore whether these factors have same associations with the probability of investing more than the incentive pay i.e. being an active investor. Specifically, we focus on four parameters that have been shown to affect participation: liquidity constraints, imperfect knowledge of the plan, asset choice, and transaction costs. We confirm Engelhardt and Madrian (Natl Tax J 57:385–406, 2004) assumptions according to which such factors contribute to explain non-participation. We show that ESPP contributors have very specific and unobserved motivations, as shown with the positive correlations between error terms in the two steps of investment decisions. The existence of unobservable investment motives can be explained by a lower risk aversion, a higher time preference, or a strong willingness to participate to corporate governance
|
Bank Employee Incentives and Stock Purchase Plans Participation
|
bank employee incentives and stock purchase plans participation
|
audiencewe employees invest retail banking france. objectives explore invested plan explore associations investing incentive i.e. investor. participation liquidity imperfect plan asset transaction costs. confirm engelhardt madrian natl assumptions participation. espp contributors unobserved motivations investment decisions. unobservable investment motives aversion preference willingness participate corporate governance
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52429958"
] |
52200954
|
10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201450
|
International audienceThe aim of pharmacogenetic studies is to adapt therapeutic strategies to individual genetic profiles, thus maximising their efficacy and minimising the likelihood of adverse side effects. Since the advent of personalised medicine, the issue of communicating research results to participants has become increasingly important. We addressed this question in the context of HIV infection, as patients and associations are particularly concerned by research and therapeutic advances. We explored the standpoints of both research professionals and participants involved in a pharmacogenetic study conducted in a cohort of HIV-infected patients. The setting of the research protocol was followed over a 2-year period. Participants' standpoints were collected through a questionnaire and interviews were conducted with research professionals. Of 125 participants, 76% wished to receive individual results and 71% wished to receive collective results; 39% did not know when results might be expected. Communication of global research results is a principle that is generally accepted by professionals. Concerning individual feedback, the professionals felt that it was necessary if it could be of direct benefit to the participant, but they expressed doubts for situations with no recognised benefit. Our results highlight the necessity to consider this issue in greater detail. We suggest the need to anticipate the debates concerning individual feedback, to differentiate between situations and the importance of further investigations on the opportunities and modalities of communication. Finally, our work emphasised the opposite pressures between the pursuit of scientific knowledge and the therapeutic orientation of clinical trials
|
Communication of pharmacogenetic research results to HIV-infected treated patients: standpoints of professionals and patients.
|
communication of pharmacogenetic research results to hiv-infected treated patients: standpoints of professionals and patients.
|
audiencethe pharmacogenetic adapt therapeutic maximising efficacy minimising likelihood adverse effects. advent personalised communicating increasingly important. addressed associations concerned therapeutic advances. explored standpoints professionals pharmacogenetic cohort patients. period. standpoints questionnaire interviews professionals. wished receive wished receive collective expected. professionals. concerning professionals felt benefit participant doubts situations recognised benefit. highlight necessity detail. anticipate debates concerning differentiate situations investigations opportunities modalities communication. emphasised opposite pressures pursuit therapeutic
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47125636",
"51446584",
"52767659",
"52915622"
] |
52320120
|
10.1016/j.entcs.2010.09.014
|
International audienceIn this paper, we present Aspic, an automatic polyhedral invariant generation tool for flowcharts programs. Aspic implements an improved Linear Relation Analysis on numeric counter automata. The "accelerated" method improves precision by computing locally a precise overapproximation of a loop without using the widening operator. C2Fsm is a C preprocessor that generates automata in the format required by Aspic. The experimental results show the performance and precision of the tools
|
Accelerated Invariant Generation for C Programs with Aspic and C2fsm
|
accelerated invariant generation for c programs with aspic and c2fsm
|
audiencein aspic automatic polyhedral flowcharts programs. aspic implements numeric counter automata. accelerated improves precision locally precise overapproximation widening operator. preprocessor generates automata format aspic. precision
|
exact_dup
|
[
"51217518"
] |
52327378
|
10.1084/jem.20071294
|
International audienceBone sialoprotein (BSP) and osteopontin (OPN) are both highly expressed in bone, but their functional specificities are unknown. OPN knockout ((-/-)) mice do not lose bone in a model of hindlimb disuse (tail suspension), showing the importance of OPN in bone remodeling. We report that BSP(-/-) mice are viable and breed normally, but their weight and size are lower than wild-type (WT) mice. Bone is undermineralized in fetuses and young adults, but not in older (>/=12 mo) BSP(-/-) mice. At 4 mo, BSP(-/-) mice display thinner cortical bones than WT, but greater trabecular bone volume with very low bone formation rate, which indicates reduced resorption, as confirmed by lower osteoclast surfaces. Although the frequency of total colonies and committed osteoblast colonies is the same, fewer mineralized colonies expressing decreased levels of osteoblast markers form in BSP(-/-) versus WT bone marrow stromal cultures. BSP(-/-) hematopoietic progenitors form fewer osteoclasts, but their resorptive activity on dentin is normal. Tail-suspended BSP(-/-) mice lose bone in hindlimbs, as expected. In conclusion, BSP deficiency impairs bone growth and mineralization, concomitant with dramatically reduced bone formation. It does not, however, prevent the bone loss resulting from loss of mechanical stimulation, a phenotype that is clearly different from OPN(-/-) mice
|
Bone sialoprotein plays a functional role in bone formation and osteoclastogenesis.
|
bone sialoprotein plays a functional role in bone formation and osteoclastogenesis.
|
audiencebone sialoprotein osteopontin specificities unknown. knockout lose hindlimb disuse tail suspension remodeling. viable breed normally mice. undermineralized fetuses adults older mice. display thinner cortical bones trabecular resorption confirmed osteoclast surfaces. colonies committed osteoblast colonies fewer mineralized colonies expressing osteoblast markers marrow stromal cultures. hematopoietic progenitors fewer osteoclasts resorptive dentin normal. tail suspended lose hindlimbs expected. deficiency impairs mineralization concomitant dramatically formation. prevent stimulation phenotype
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52658033"
] |
52431818
|
10.1002/cam4.370
|
International audiencePIK3CA, which encodes the p110α catalytic subunit of PI3Kα, is one of the most frequently altered oncogenes in colon cancer (CC), but its prognostic value is still a matter of debate. Few reports have addressed the association between PIK3CA mutations and survival and their results are controversial. In the present study, we aimed to clarify the prognostic impact of PIK3CA mutations in stage I–III CC according to mismatch repair status. Fresh frozen tissue samples from two independent cohorts with a total of 826 patients who underwent curative surgical resection of CC were analyzed for microsatellite instability and screened for activating point mutations in exon 9 and 20 of PIK3CA by direct sequencing. Overall, 693 tumors (84%) exhibited microsatellite stability (MSS) and 113 samples (14%) harbored PIK3CA mutation. In the retrospective training cohort (n = 433), patients with PIK3CA-mutated MSS tumors (n = 47) experienced a significant increased 5-year relapse-free interval compared with PIK3CA wild-type MSS tumors (n = 319) in univariate analysis (94% vs. 68%, Log-rank P = 0. 0003) and in multivariate analysis (HR = 0.12; 95% confidence interval, 0.029–0.48; P = 0.0027). In the prospective validation cohort (n = 393), the favorable prognostic impact of PIK3CA mutations in MSS tumors (n = 327) was confirmed (83% vs. 67%, Log-rank P = 0.04). Our study showed that PIK3CA mutations are associated with a good prognosis in patients with MSS stage I–III CC
|
PIK3CA mutations predict recurrence in localized microsatellite stable colon cancer
|
pik3ca mutations predict recurrence in localized microsatellite stable colon cancer
|
audiencepik encodes catalytic subunit frequently altered oncogenes colon prognostic debate. addressed controversial. aimed clarify prognostic i–iii mismatch repair status. fresh frozen cohorts underwent curative surgical resection microsatellite instability screened activating exon sequencing. tumors exhibited microsatellite harbored mutation. retrospective cohort mutated tumors experienced relapse tumors univariate multivariate confidence prospective validation cohort favorable prognostic tumors confirmed prognosis i–iii
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52192217",
"54826015"
] |
52434976
|
10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2015.01.003
|
International audienceSince the discovery of calcareous nannofossils, dinoflagellate cysts and planktonic foraminifers in deposits from the Dacic Basin, intensive research has been performed in order to evidence which gateway this microplankton used to connect Paratethys and the Mediterranean prior and after the Messinian Salinity Crisis (MSC). Such a gateway is also to be regarded at the origin of successive influxes of Paratethyan organisms (molluscs, ostracods, dinoflagellates) into the Mediterranean Basin ("Lago Mare" events). Observing that the İ stanbul area, usually proposed for this purpose, was inefficient, we examine the succession of marine well-dated pre-MSC and post-MSC deltaic deposits through the Balkans, from northern Greece to southern Romania, that constitutes a reliable candidate for such a marine corridor, the origin of which was caused by the regional tectonic extension. The reconstructed palaeogeography for high sea level episodes that encompassed the MSC clarifies the context of the so-called North Aegean Lake. This marine gateway probably evolved as a powerful river during the peak of the MSC, contributing to the deposition of clastics in the hydrocarbon Prinos Field. A tectonically controlled subsidence to the north and south of the Skopje region caused the closure of such a gateway
|
Marine gateway vs. fluvial stream within the Balkans from 6 to 5 Ma
|
marine gateway vs. fluvial stream within the balkans from 6 to 5 ma
|
audiencesince discovery calcareous nannofossils dinoflagellate cysts planktonic foraminifers deposits dacic basin intensive gateway microplankton connect paratethys mediterranean messinian salinity crisis gateway regarded successive influxes paratethyan organisms molluscs ostracods dinoflagellates mediterranean basin lago mare observing stanbul inefficient examine succession marine dated deltaic deposits balkans northern greece southern romania constitutes reliable candidate marine corridor tectonic extension. reconstructed palaeogeography episodes encompassed clarifies aegean lake. marine gateway probably evolved powerful river contributing deposition clastics hydrocarbon prinos field. tectonically subsidence skopje closure gateway
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48178425",
"52718005"
] |
52436335
|
10.1051/0004-6361/201219044
|
8 pages, 4 figures, published in A&A. Copyright ESO. The original version is available at www.aanda.orgInternational audienceContext. From a dynamical analysis of the orbital elements of trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs), Ragozzine & Brown (2007, AJ, 134, 2160) reported a list of candidate members of the first collisional family found among this population, associated with (136 108) Haumea (a.k.a. 2003 EL 61). Aims. We aim to distinguish the true members of the Haumea collisional family from interlopers. We search for water ice on their surfaces, which is a common characteristic of the known family members. The properties of the confirmed family are used to constrain the formation mechanism of Haumea, its satellites, and its family. Methods. Optical and near-infrared photometry is used to identify water ice. We use in particular the CH 4 filter of the Hawk-I in-strument at the European Southern Observatory Very Large Telescope as a short H-band (H S), the (J − H S) colour being a sensitive measure of the water ice absorption band at 1.6 μm. Results. Continuing our previous study headed by Snodgrass, we report colours for 8 candidate family members, including near-infrared colours for 5. We confirm one object as a genuine member of the collisional family (2003 UZ 117), and reject 5 others. The lack of infrared data for the two remaining objects prevent any conclusion from being drawn. The total number of rejected members is therefore 17. The 11 confirmed members represent only a third of the 36 candidates. Conclusions. The origin of Haumea's family is likely to be related to an impact event. However, a scenario explaining all the pecu-liarities of Haumea itself and its family remains elusive
|
Characterisation of candidate members of (136108) Haumea's family II. Follow-up observations
|
characterisation of candidate members of (136108) haumea's family ii. follow-up observations
|
pages copyright eso. audiencecontext. orbital neptunian tnos ragozzine brown candidate collisional haumea a.k.a. aims. distinguish haumea collisional interlopers. members. confirmed constrain haumea satellites family. methods. infrared photometry ice. filter hawk strument southern observatory telescope colour results. continuing headed snodgrass colours candidate infrared colours confirm genuine member collisional reject others. infrared prevent drawn. rejected confirmed candidates. conclusions. haumea event. explaining pecu liarities haumea elusive
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52660568",
"52719329"
] |
52442874
|
10.1007/978-3-642-35428-1_23
|
International audienceClassification of medical images in multi-subjects settings is a difficult challenge due to the variability that exists between individuals. Here we introduce a new graph-based framework designed to deal with inter-subject functional variability present in fMRI data. A graphical model is constructed to encode the functional, geometric and structural properties of local activation patterns. We then design a specific graph kernel, allowing to conduct SVM classification in graph space. Experiments conducted in an inter-subject classification task of patterns recorded in the auditory cortex show that it is the only approach to perform above chance level, among a wide range of tested methods
|
Graph-based inter-subject classification of local fMRI patterns
|
graph-based inter-subject classification of local fmri patterns
|
audienceclassification settings challenge individuals. deal fmri data. graphical encode geometric patterns. kernel allowing conduct space. auditory cortex chance
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52684889"
] |
52444519
|
10.1016/j.jas.2012.12.002
|
International audienceA source-to-sink multi-proxy approach has been performed within Lake Paladru (492 m a.s.l., French Prealps) catchment and a six-meter long sediment sequence retrieved from the central lacustrine basin. The combination of minerogenic signal, specific organic markers of autochthonous and allochthonous supply and archaeological data allows the reconstruction of a continuous record of past human disturbances. Over the last 10000 years, the lacustrine sedimentation was dominated by autochthonous carbonates and the watershed was mostly forest-covered. However, seven phases of higher accumulation rate, soil erosion, algal productivity and landscape disturbances have been identified and dated from 8400-7900, 6000-4800, 4500-3200, 2700-2050 cal BP as well as AD 350-850, AD 1250-1850 and after AD 1970. Before 5200 cal BP, soil erosion is interpreted as resulting from climatic deterioration phases toward cooler and wetter conditions. During the Mid-Late Holocene period, erosion fluxes and landscape disturbances are always associated with prehistorical and historical human activities and amplified by climatic oscillations. Such changes in human land-used led to increasing minerogenic supply and nutrients loading that affected lacustrine trophic levels, especially during the last 1600 years. In addition, organic and molecular markers document previously unknown human settlements around Lake Paladru during the Bronze and the Iron Ages
|
Holocene land-use evolution and associated soil erosion in the French Prealps inferred from Lake Paladru sediments and archaeological evidences
|
holocene land-use evolution and associated soil erosion in the french prealps inferred from lake paladru sediments and archaeological evidences
|
audiencea sink proxy lake paladru a.s.l. french prealps catchment meter sediment retrieved lacustrine basin. minerogenic markers autochthonous allochthonous supply archaeological reconstruction record disturbances. lacustrine sedimentation dominated autochthonous carbonates watershed mostly forest covered. seven accumulation erosion algal productivity landscape disturbances dated erosion interpreted climatic deterioration toward cooler wetter conditions. holocene erosion fluxes landscape disturbances prehistorical historical amplified climatic oscillations. minerogenic supply nutrients loading lacustrine trophic years. markers document unknown settlements lake paladru bronze iron ages
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47285083",
"52313466",
"52619836",
"52648552",
"52727518",
"52889753",
"54024297",
"54037107"
] |
52662341
|
10.1088/2041-8205/739/2/L35
|
International audienceInterstellar dark clouds are the sites of star formation. Their main component, dihydrogen, exists under two states, ortho and para. H2 is supposed to form in the ortho:para ratio (OPR) of 3:1 and to subsequently decay to almost pure para-H2 (OPR <= 0.001). Only if the H2 OPR is low enough, will deuteration enrichment, as observed in the cores of these clouds, be efficient. The second condition for strong deuteration enrichment is the local disappearance of CO, which freezes out onto grains in the core formation process. We show that this latter condition does not apply to DCO+, which, therefore, should be present all over the cloud. We find that an OPR >= 0.1 is necessary to prevent DCO+ large-scale apparition. We conclude that the inevitable decay of ortho-H2 sets an upper limit of ~6 million years to the age of starless molecular clouds under usual conditions
|
Ortho-H2 and the Age of Interstellar Dark Clouds
|
ortho-h2 and the age of interstellar dark clouds
|
audienceinterstellar clouds formation. dihydrogen ortho para. supposed ortho para subsequently para deuteration enrichment cores clouds efficient. deuteration enrichment disappearance freezes grains process. cloud. prevent apparition. inevitable ortho million starless clouds usual
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52733588"
] |
52675705
|
10.1016/j.biochi.2012.05.021
|
International audienceThe majority of bacterial viruses are bacteriophages bearing a tail that serves to recognise the bacterial surface and deliver the genome into the host cell. Infection is initiated by the irreversible interaction between the viral receptor binding protein (RBP) and a receptor at the surface of the bacterium. This interaction results ultimately in the phage DNA release in the host cytoplasm. Phage T5 infects Escher-ichia coli after binding of its RBP pb5 to the outer membrane ferrichrome transporter FhuA. Here, we have studied the complex formed by pb5 and FhuA by a variety of biophysical and biochemical techniques. We show that unlike RBPs of known structures, pb5 probably folds as a unique domain fulfilling both functions of binding to the host receptor and interaction with the rest of the phage. Pb5 likely binds to the domain occluding the b-barrel of FhuA as well as to external loops of the barrel. Furthermore, upon binding to FhuA, pb5 undergoes conformational changes, at the secondary and tertiary structure level that would be the key to the transmission of the signal through the tail to the capsid, triggering DNA release. This is the first structural information regarding the binding of a RBP to a proteic receptor. Ó 2012 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved
|
New insights into pb5, the receptor binding protein of bacteriophage T5, and its interaction with its Escherichia coli receptor FhuA
|
new insights into pb5, the receptor binding protein of bacteriophage t5, and its interaction with its escherichia coli receptor fhua
|
audiencethe majority bacterial viruses bacteriophages bearing tail serves recognise bacterial deliver cell. initiated irreversible viral bacterium. ultimately phage cytoplasm. phage infects escher ichia coli outer ferrichrome transporter fhua. fhua biophysical biochemical techniques. unlike rbps probably folds fulfilling phage. binds occluding barrel fhua loops barrel. fhua undergoes conformational tertiary tail capsid triggering release. proteic receptor. rights reserved
|
exact_dup
|
[
"51939370"
] |
52677818
|
10.1016/j.nimb.2007.08.089
|
International audiencePoly (vinylidene fluoride) ( -PVDF) nanoporous membranes are obtained by heavy ion irradiation and track etching leading to cylindrical pores. Pores diameter measured by Scanning Electron Microscopy and Small Angle Neutron Scattering lies in the 20-50nm range. Electron Paramagnetic Resonance study gives evidence that radicals still remains in PVDF membrane after track-etching. These radicals allows acrylic acid polymerization to be initiated onto membrane. So radiografted and functionalized membranes are characterized using Infrared Spectroscopy, weighing measurements and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy. Finally, radiografted poly(acrylic-acid) (PAA) has been selectively labeled by fluorophores and imaged by Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy. Images show the localisation of PAA specifically inside nanopores
|
Nanoporous beta-PVDF membranes with selectively functionalized pores
|
nanoporous beta-pvdf membranes with selectively functionalized pores
|
audiencepoly vinylidene fluoride pvdf nanoporous membranes irradiation track etching cylindrical pores. pores scanning microscopy neutron lies range. paramagnetic radicals pvdf track etching. radicals acrylic polymerization initiated membrane. radiografted functionalized membranes infrared spectroscopy weighing dispersive spectroscopy. radiografted poly acrylic selectively labeled fluorophores imaged confocal scanning microscopy. localisation nanopores
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52897926"
] |
52682462
|
10.1088/0031-9155/59/2/441
|
International audienceThe effect on the MRI signal of water diffusion in biological tissues in the presence of applied magnetic field gradient pulses can be modelled by a multiple compartment Bloch-Torrey partial differential equation. We present a method for the numerical solution of this equation by coupling a standard Cartesian spatial discretization with an adaptive time discretization. The time discretization is done using the explicit Runge-Kutta-Chebyshev method, which is more efficient than the forward Euler time discretization for diffusive-type problems. We use this approach to simulate the diffusion MRI signal from the extra-cylindrical compartment in a tissue model of the brain gray matter consisting of cylindrical and spherical cells and illustrate the effect of cell membrane permeability
|
Numerical simulation of diffusion MRI signals using an adaptive time-stepping method
|
numerical simulation of diffusion mri signals using an adaptive time-stepping method
|
audiencethe tissues pulses modelled compartment bloch torrey equation. cartesian discretization adaptive discretization. discretization runge kutta chebyshev euler discretization diffusive problems. simulate extra cylindrical compartment gray consisting cylindrical spherical illustrate permeability
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52900859"
] |
52689666
|
10.1016/j.micpro.2011.08.007
|
International audienceIn the Software Radio context, the parametrization is becoming an important topic especially when it comes to multistandard designs. This paper capitalizes on the Common Operator technique to present new common structures for the FFT and FEC decoding algorithms. A key benefit of exhibiting common operators is the regular architecture it brings when implemented in a Common Operator Bank (COB). This regularity makes the architecture open to future function mapping and adapted to accommodated silicon technology variability through dependable design
|
A common operator for FFT and FEC decoding
|
a common operator for fft and fec decoding
|
audiencein parametrization becoming topic comes multistandard designs. capitalizes decoding algorithms. benefit exhibiting architecture brings implemented bank regularity architecture adapted accommodated silicon dependable
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48227513",
"52800991",
"53009982"
] |
52702652
|
10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.05.041
|
International audienceEnhancing the safety of high-temperature reactors (HTRs) is based on the quality of the fuel particles, requiring good knowledge of the microstructure of the four-layer particles designed to retain the fission products during irradiation and under accidental conditions. This paper focuses on the intensive research work performed to characterize the micro- and nanostructure of each unirradiated layer (silicon carbide and pyrocarbon coatings). The analytic expertise developed in the 1970s has been recovered and innovative advanced characterization methods have been developed to improve the process parameters and to ensure the production reproducibility of coatings
|
Advanced Characterization Techniques for SiC and PyC Coatings on High-Temperature Reactor Fuel Particles
|
advanced characterization techniques for sic and pyc coatings on high-temperature reactor fuel particles
|
audienceenhancing reactors htrs fuel requiring microstructure retain fission irradiation accidental conditions. focuses intensive characterize micro nanostructure unirradiated silicon carbide pyrocarbon coatings analytic expertise recovered innovative advanced ensure reproducibility coatings
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52761807"
] |
52705725
|
10.1002/cphc.200400472
|
o, m, p-xylene, p-dichlorobenzene, 1,2,4 trichlorobenzene and naphthalene were calibrated as condensates used in thermoporosimetry technique. Exponential relationships were found connecting the pore radii (Rp(nm)) and ΔT (C °) on one side and the apparent energy of crystallization (Wa (J.cm-3)) and ΔT on the other side: Pore or mesh size distribution can be derived from DSC thermal recording using the following equation: All the numerical parameter values were determined. Polyethylene and polypropylene samples, cross-linked with high-energy electrons or γ-rays, were submitted to thermoporosimetry study. The mesh size distributions (MSD) calculated for these polyolefins, using o, m and p-xylene as solvent, were found in the same sequences that their degrees of swelling and the irradiation doses they received
|
Cross-linking of polyolefins : a study by thermoporosimetry with benzene derivatives swelling solvents
|
cross-linking of polyolefins : a study by thermoporosimetry with benzene derivatives swelling solvents
|
xylene dichlorobenzene trichlorobenzene naphthalene calibrated condensates thermoporosimetry technique. exponential connecting pore radii apparent crystallization j.cm pore mesh recording determined. polyethylene polypropylene rays submitted thermoporosimetry study. mesh polyolefins xylene solvent swelling irradiation doses
|
exact_dup
|
[
"49303830",
"54050284"
] |
52708103
|
10.1098/rsos.160313
|
International audienceWe propose to formally extend the notion of specific tension, i.e. force per cross-sectional area—classically used for muscles, to quantify forces in molecular motors exerting various biological functions. In doing so, we review and compare the maximum tensions exerted by about 265 biological motors operated by about 150 species of different taxonomic groups. The motors considered range from single molecules and motile appendages of microorganisms to whole muscles of large animals. We show that specific tensions exerted by molecular and non-molecular motors follow similar statistical distributions, with in particular, similar medians and (logarithmic) means. Over the 10 19 mass (M) range of the cell or body from which the motors are extracted, their specific tensions vary as M α with α not significantly different from zero. The typical specific tension found in most motors is about 200 kPa, which generalizes to individual molecular motors and microorganisms a classical property of macroscopic muscles. We propose a basic order-of-magnitude interpretation of this result
|
Force per cross-sectional area from molecules to muscles: a general property of biological motors
|
force per cross-sectional area from molecules to muscles: a general property of biological motors
|
audiencewe propose formally extend notion tension i.e. sectional area—classically muscles quantify forces motors exerting functions. tensions exerted motors operated taxonomic groups. motors motile appendages microorganisms muscles animals. tensions exerted motors medians logarithmic means. motors tensions vary zero. tension motors generalizes motors microorganisms macroscopic muscles. propose
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47080517",
"52659628"
] |
52712547
|
10.1016/j.jseaes.2016.02.001
|
International audienceThe paleogeographic evolution of South East Asia (SEA) during the early Mesozoic is still poorly understood and a number of models have recently been put forward to account for the geodynamic evolution of SEA. The Luang Prabang Basin (north Laos), located in the core of a “paleogeographic jigsaw” in SEA, recorded a long lasting volcanism that spanned for ∼ 35 my from the earliest Triassic up to Late Triassic as evidenced by combined stratigraphic and geochronological (U-Pb/zircon) analyses performed on both volcanic and volcaniclastic series. The volcanic rocks are arc tholeiites and calk-alkaline andesites to dacites. The volcaniclastic rocks contain, in part, volcaniclasts produced contemporaneously with sedimentation. Both the volcanic and volcaniclastic series display geochemical features characteristic of a subduction related volcanism. Therefore, the Luang Prabang Basin documents a magmatic arc in a good agreement with the recent recognition of neighboring ophiolitic rocks in the Luang Prabang area. Following a passive margin setting that prevailed from the late Carboniferous to the late Permian, an active margin then initiated along the western margin of the Indochina Block. This active magmatic arc developed as the result of an east-dipping subduction below the Indochina Block during most of the Triassic, at least from ca. 250 to 215 Ma. Subsequently, this oceanic subduction episode must have been followed by a continental collision of the Indochina Block with the eastern Simao Block, at a period that remains to be defined
|
The volcaniclastic series from the luang prabang basin, Laos: A witness of a triassic magmatic arc?
|
the volcaniclastic series from the luang prabang basin, laos: a witness of a triassic magmatic arc?
|
audiencethe paleogeographic east asia mesozoic poorly understood geodynamic sea. luang prabang basin laos “paleogeographic jigsaw” lasting volcanism spanned earliest triassic triassic evidenced stratigraphic geochronological zircon volcanic volcaniclastic series. volcanic rocks tholeiites calk alkaline andesites dacites. volcaniclastic rocks volcaniclasts contemporaneously sedimentation. volcanic volcaniclastic display geochemical subduction volcanism. luang prabang basin documents magmatic recognition neighboring ophiolitic rocks luang prabang area. passive margin prevailed carboniferous permian margin initiated margin indochina block. magmatic east dipping subduction indochina triassic subsequently oceanic subduction episode continental collision indochina eastern simao
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48158617"
] |
52715678
|
10.1016/j.ecss.2015.06.025
|
International audienceEstuaries are coastal areas controlled by hydrodynamic factors such as sea-level changes, waves and tidal currents, and river discharge. This study focuses on the Vilaine Estuary which is strongly impacted by human activity after construction of Arzal dam in 1970. The purpose of this research is to differentiate the role of natural from anthropogenic factors on sediment dynamics within the Vilaine Estuary. We are proposing a hypothetical model based on the hydrodynamic modification and morpho-sedimentary development by analyzing the natural estuarine evolution and the impact of human alteration to the natural system by utilizing datasets including river discharge, tidal currents, winds and wave activities to further combine with photographic, bathymetric, topographic and sedimentary surveys. Results show that waves carry sediment from the sea and rework local sediments. The river damming is reducing the tidal prims and leads to the fall of tidal currents. This new situation supports the sediment deposition and reduces at the same time the accommodation space which decrease tidal currents in feed-back. The Vilaine Estuary is therefore coming close to a bay-type functioning which leads to a channel narrowing, a drastic increase of the tidal flat zone, an acceleration of erosional processes affecting the main channel, salt marsh and all associated depositional systems. We propose a hypothetical model showing that this evolution took place in two steps and we show that the dam has an effect to accelerate a natural infilling of the estuary
|
Distinguishing Natural Evolution and Human Impact on Estuarine Morpho-sedimentary Development: A Case Study from the Vilaine Estuary, France
|
distinguishing natural evolution and human impact on estuarine morpho-sedimentary development: a case study from the vilaine estuary, france
|
audienceestuaries coastal hydrodynamic tidal currents river discharge. focuses vilaine estuary impacted arzal differentiate anthropogenic sediment vilaine estuary. proposing hypothetical hydrodynamic modification morpho sedimentary analyzing estuarine alteration utilizing datasets river discharge tidal currents winds combine photographic bathymetric topographic sedimentary surveys. carry sediment rework sediments. river damming reducing tidal prims fall tidal currents. supports sediment deposition reduces accommodation tidal currents feed back. vilaine estuary coming functioning narrowing drastic tidal acceleration erosional affecting salt marsh depositional systems. propose hypothetical took accelerate infilling estuary
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48168132",
"52839123"
] |
52718671
|
10.1016/j.precamres.2014.11.012
|
International audienceThis study investigates the tectono-metamorphic history and exhumation mechanisms of the mid-crustal Mékinac-Taureau domain of the Mauricie area, central Grenville Province. Macro- and micro-structural analyses reveal the top-down-to-the-ESE sense of shear on the eastern Taureau shear zone, a major extensional structure that exhumed the mid-crustal Mékinac-Taureau domain and juxtaposed it against the lower grade rocks of the Shawinigan domain. Peak metamorphism in the Mékinac-Taureau domain, inferred to be the result of northwestward thrusting and regional crustal thickening, took place under P–T conditions of 1000–1100 MPa and 820–880 °C prior to 1082 ± 20 Ma. Retrograde conditions varying from 775 to 675 °C and from 800 to 650 MPa were registered in its upper structural levels prior to and/or during shearing along the eastern Taureau shear zone that was active at 1064 ± 15 Ma. The Shawinigan domain records P–T conditions ranging from 850 to 625 MPa and from 775 to 700 °C, P–T values that are similar to or slightly lower than those for retrogressed samples from the upper structural levels of the Mékinac-Taureau domain, but clearly lower than the peak metamorphism values of the latter domain. Finally, the area cooled below 550–600 °C at ∼1000–1030 Ma and below 450 °C at ∼900–970 Ma on the basis of 40Ar/39Ar geochronology on amphibole and biotite. Structural and metamorphic characteristics of the Mauricie area are similar to those expected from a metamorphic core complex formed during post-convergence orogenic collapse in a gravity-driven fixed-boundary mode. The Mékinac-Taureau and Shawinigan domains were thus probably exhumed by a similar process, which supports the orogenic collapse model recently proposed to explain the exhumation of mid-crustal metamorphic core complexes in the Grenville Province
|
Tectono-metamorphic history of the eastern Taureau shear zone, Mauricie area, Québec: Implications for the exhumation of the mid-crust in the Grenville Province
|
tectono-metamorphic history of the eastern taureau shear zone, mauricie area, québec: implications for the exhumation of the mid-crust in the grenville province
|
audiencethis investigates tectono metamorphic exhumation crustal mékinac taureau mauricie grenville province. macro micro reveal eastern taureau extensional exhumed crustal mékinac taureau juxtaposed grade rocks shawinigan domain. metamorphism mékinac taureau inferred northwestward thrusting crustal thickening took retrograde registered shearing eastern taureau shawinigan records ranging retrogressed mékinac taureau metamorphism domain. cooled geochronology amphibole biotite. metamorphic mauricie metamorphic orogenic collapse mode. mékinac taureau shawinigan probably exhumed supports orogenic collapse exhumation crustal metamorphic complexes grenville province
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48181044"
] |
52727740
|
10.1051/proc/201238009
|
International audienceIn this paper we give an introduction to the Boltzmann equation for neutrino transport used in core collapse supernova models as well as a detailed mathematical description of the \emph{Isotropic Diffusion Source Approximation} (IDSA). Furthermore, we present a numerical treatment of a reduced Boltzmann model problem based on time splitting and finite volumes and revise the discretization of the IDSA for this problem. Discretization error studies carried out on the reduced Boltzmann model problem and on the IDSA show that the errors are of order one in both cases. By a numerical example, a detailed comparison of the reduced model and the IDSA is carried out and interpreted. For this example the IDSA modeling error with respect to the reduced Boltzmann model is numerically determined and localized
|
A Mathematical Description of the IDSA for Supernova Neutrino transport, its discretization and a comparison with a finite volume scheme for Boltzmann's Equation
|
a mathematical description of the idsa for supernova neutrino transport, its discretization and a comparison with a finite volume scheme for boltzmann's equation
|
audiencein boltzmann collapse supernova mathematical emph isotropic idsa boltzmann splitting volumes revise discretization idsa problem. discretization boltzmann idsa cases. idsa interpreted. idsa boltzmann numerically localized
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52661259",
"52847843"
] |
52733919
|
10.1051/0004-6361:20042506
|
Reproduced with permission. Copyright ESO. Article published by EDP Sciences and available at http://www.edpsciences.org/aa.International audienceWe obtained high signal to noise spectra of the two targets of the Dawn mission, 4 Vesta and 1 Ceres from observations carried out in remote control between the Observatoire de Paris-Meudon and the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility on Mauna Kea. 4 Vesta was observed in the 0.7-2.5 μm spectral region at three different rotational phases in order to i) determine the mineral composition; ii) understand the spectral variations across the surface. Vesta was also observed in the 2.0-3.8 μm range. The 3 μm absorption feature was not detected, implying the absence of OH and/or H2O-bearing minerals on the asteroid surface at the latitude of our observations. The spectrum of 1 Ceres was obtained in the 2.0-4.1 μm range and the presence of the 3.06 μm absorption feature confirmed. Laboratory measurement of ion-irradiated organics and ices suggest that the 3.06 μm feature can be reproduced with a linear mixture of crystalyne ice and residues of ion-irradiated asphaltite
|
Analysis of near-IR spectra of 1 Ceres and 4 Vesta, targets of the Dawn mission
|
analysis of near-ir spectra of 1 ceres and 4 vesta, targets of the dawn mission
|
reproduced permission. copyright eso. .international audiencewe targets dawn mission vesta ceres remote observatoire paris meudon nasa infrared telescope facility mauna kea. vesta rotational mineral surface. vesta range. implying bearing minerals asteroid latitude observations. ceres confirmed. irradiated organics ices reproduced mixture crystalyne irradiated asphaltite
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47105766",
"52662439"
] |
52773311
|
10.1016/j.nimb.2014.02.041
|
International audienceThis study aims at elucidating the mechanisms regulating the interaction of Eu and Ni with calcite (CaCO3). Calcite powders or single crystals (some mm sized) were put into contact with Eu or Ni solutions at concentrations ranging from 10 −3 to 10 −5 mol.L −1 for Eu and 10 −3 mol.L −1 for Ni. The sorption durations ranged from one week to one month. Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry (RBS) well adapted to discriminate incorporation processes such as: (i) adsorption or co precipitation at the mineral surfaces or, (ii) incorporation into the mineral structure (through diffusion for instance), has been carried out. Moreover, using the fluorescence properties of Europium, the results have been compared to those obtained by Time-Resolved Laser Fluorescence Spectroscopy (TRLFS) on calcite powders. For the single crystals, complementary SEM observations of the mineral surfaces at low voltage were also performed. Results showed that Ni accumulates at the calcite surface whereas Eu is also incorporated at a greater depth. Eu seems therefore to be incorporated into two different states in calcite: (i) heterogeneous surface accumulation and (ii) incorporation at depth greater than 160 nm after 1 month of sorption. Ni was found to accumulate at the surface of calcite without incorporation
|
Interaction of europium and nickel with calcite studied by Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry and Time-Resolved Laser Fluorescence Spectroscopy
|
interaction of europium and nickel with calcite studied by rutherford backscattering spectrometry and time-resolved laser fluorescence spectroscopy
|
audiencethis aims elucidating regulating calcite caco calcite powders crystals sized ranging mol.l mol.l sorption durations ranged week month. rutherford backscattering spectrometry adapted discriminate incorporation adsorption precipitation mineral incorporation mineral out. fluorescence europium resolved fluorescence spectroscopy trlfs calcite powders. crystals complementary mineral performed. accumulates calcite incorporated depth. incorporated calcite heterogeneous accumulation incorporation month sorption. accumulate calcite incorporation
|
exact_dup
|
[
"46754213",
"52672449"
] |
52795515
|
10.1016/j.energy.2015.08.009
|
International audienceThis paper presents an extension of a Model Predictive Control (MPC) approach for microgrid energy management which takes into account electricity costs, power consumption , generation profiles, power and energy constraints as well as uncertainty due to variations in the environment. The approach is based on a coherent framework of control tools, like mixed-integer programming and soft constrained MPC, for describing the microgrid components dynamics and the overall system control architecture. Fault tolerant strategies are inserted in order to ensure the proper amount of energy in the storage devices such that (together with the utility grid) the essential consumer demand is always covered. Simulation results on a particular microgrid architecture validate the proposed approach
|
Fault Tolerant MPC Design for Reliable Microgrid Energy Management under Uncertainties
|
fault tolerant mpc design for reliable microgrid energy management under uncertainties
|
audiencethis presents predictive microgrid electricity environment. coherent integer programming constrained describing microgrid architecture. fault tolerant inserted ensure proper storage devices utility consumer covered. microgrid architecture validate
|
exact_dup
|
[
"51935635"
] |
52827160
|
10.1080/14697688.2010.493180
|
Florian Ielpo a effectué sa thèse à l'ED-EPSInternational audienceIn this paper, we provide a new dynamic asset pricing model for plain vanilla options and we discuss its ability to produce minimum mispricing errors on equity option books. Given the historical measure, the dynamics of assets are modeled by Garch-type models with generalized hyperbolic innovations and the pricing kernel is an exponential affine function of the state variables, we show that the risk neutral distribution is unique and implies again a generalized hyperbolic dynamics with changed parameters. We provide an empirical test for our pricing methodology on two data sets of options respectively written on the French CAC 40 and the American SP 500. Then, using our theoretical result associated with Monte Carlo simulations, we compare this approach to natural competitors in order to test its efficiency. More generally, our empirical investigations analyze the ability of specific parametric innovations to reproduce market prices in the context of an exponential affine specification of the stochastic discount factor
|
Option Pricing for GARCH-type Models with Generalized Hyperbolic Innovations
|
option pricing for garch-type models with generalized hyperbolic innovations
|
florian ielpo effectué thèse epsinternational audiencein asset pricing plain vanilla options mispricing equity option books. historical assets modeled garch hyperbolic innovations pricing kernel exponential affine neutral hyperbolic changed parameters. pricing methodology options french monte carlo competitors efficiency. investigations analyze parametric innovations reproduce prices exponential affine specification stochastic discount
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47772022",
"47808225"
] |
52829651
|
10.1016/j.reseneeco.2008.09.002
|
International audienceWe estimate hurdle rates for firms' investments in pollution abatement technology, using ex post data. The method is based on a structural option value model where the future price of polluting fuel is the major source of uncertainty facing the firm. The empirical procedure is illustrated using a panel of firms from the Swedish pulp and paper industry, and the energy and heating sector, and their sulfur dioxide emissions over the period 2000-2003. The results indicate that hurdle rates of investment vary from 2.7 to 3.1 in the pulp and paper industry, and from 3.4 to 3.6 in the energy and heating sector depending on econometric specification
|
The Effect of Uncertainty on Pollution Abatement Investments: Measuring Hurdle Rates for Swedish Industry
|
the effect of uncertainty on pollution abatement investments: measuring hurdle rates for swedish industry
|
audiencewe hurdle firms investments pollution abatement data. option polluting fuel facing firm. illustrated firms swedish pulp heating sulfur dioxide hurdle investment vary pulp heating econometric specification
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47851557",
"47887756"
] |
52836969
|
10.1016/j.asr.2015.01.005
|
International audienceIn this paper, we analyzed the variations of TEC along a latitudinal East Euro-African chain, during the storm of April 5, 2010. We observed a large asymmetry between the two hemispheres. We detected the presence of a TID in the Northern hemisphere on April 5. The propagation time of the TID from high to low latitudes and the speed of the TID was determined. On April 5, 6 and 7, we observed a decrease of the TEC and changes of the NO+ in the Northern hemisphere. This depletion is caused by the large-scale thermospheric wind disturbances due to Joule heating dissipation in the auroral zone
|
TEC variations along an East Euro-African chain during 5th april 2010 geomagnetic storm
|
tec variations along an east euro-african chain during 5th april 2010 geomagnetic storm
|
audiencein latitudinal east euro african storm april asymmetry hemispheres. northern hemisphere april propagation latitudes determined. april northern hemisphere. depletion thermospheric disturbances joule heating dissipation auroral
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52896216"
] |
52858759
|
10.1016/j.margeo.2006.09.012
|
International audienceThe Bourcart–Hérault canyon interfluve in the Gulf of Lions (NW Mediterranean) was the site of very high sedimentation (up to 2.5 m/kyr) around the Last Glacial Maximum, due to the vicinity of major fluvial systems that fed the shelf edge. Shoreface deposits and offshore muds deposited during each glacial/interglacial 100 kyr-cycle, created a repeated motif with high-angle and low-angle clinoforms on seismic profiles. New detailed morphological, sedimentological and paleo-environmental data, constrained by 14C dating, allow us to propose a scenario for the evolution of this critical area between 46 and 15 cal. kyr BP. The major seismic sequence (S5), formed as a forced regression during the overall sea-level fall between MIS-3 and MIS-2, can be sub-divided into several prograding units, which indicate that relative sea-level changes were punctuated by intervals of increased fall or slow-down, or even stillstand. Similarly, the onset of sea-level rise was marked by steps, during which wave-cut terraces formed, and can be tracked all around the Gulf of Lions. Three stillstands or slow-downs of sea-level change are identified and dated by deposits found at 90 m relative sea-level (21 cal. kyr BP), 110–115 m rsl (18–17 cal. kyr BP), and 98–105 m rsl (before 15.9 cal. kyr BP). Cementation of beach rocks, that now form eroded pinnacles culminating at 90 m, occurred during the 21 kyr stillstand. The position of relative sea-level during the maximum lowstand is not known, but should be deeper than 115 m. Periods of increased northwesterly winds favoured transport of coarser sediment at the shelf edge, in relation with deep water cascading: this created a distinct sandy interval during the period of Heinrich event 2 (around 24 cal. kyr BP), at the origin of amplitude anomaly on very high-resolution seismic data. The increased sea-level rise, around 15 cal. kyr BP, resulted in an abrupt decrease of sedimentation
|
Shoreface migrations at the shelf edge and sea-level changes around the Last Glacial Maximum (Gulf of Lions, NW Mediterranean)
|
shoreface migrations at the shelf edge and sea-level changes around the last glacial maximum (gulf of lions, nw mediterranean)
|
audiencethe bourcart–hérault canyon interfluve gulf lions mediterranean sedimentation glacial vicinity fluvial shelf edge. shoreface deposits offshore muds deposited glacial interglacial created repeated motif clinoforms seismic profiles. morphological sedimentological paleo constrained dating propose cal. seismic forced fall divided prograding punctuated intervals fall slow stillstand. onset marked terraces tracked gulf lions. stillstands slow downs dated deposits cal. cal. cal. cementation beach rocks eroded pinnacles culminating occurred stillstand. lowstand deeper northwesterly winds favoured coarser sediment shelf cascading created sandy heinrich cal. anomaly seismic data. cal. resulted abrupt sedimentation
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52763651"
] |
52895940
|
10.1063/1.2755969
|
International audienceTwo-dimensional (2D) particle-in-cell numerical simulations of the interaction between a high-intensity short-pulse p-polarized laser beam and an overdense plasma are presented. It is shown that, under appropriate physical conditions, a surface plasma wave can be resonantly excited by a short-pulse laser wave, leading to strong relativistic electron acceleration together with a dramatic increase, up to 70%, of light absorption by the plasma. Purely 2D effects contribute to enhancement of electron acceleration. It is also found that the angular distribution of the hot electrons is drastically affected by the surface wave. The subsequent ion dynamics is shown to be significantly modified by the surface plasma wave excitation
|
Strongly enhanced laser absorption and electron acceleration via resonant excitation of surface plasma waves
|
strongly enhanced laser absorption and electron acceleration via resonant excitation of surface plasma waves
|
audiencetwo polarized overdense presented. resonantly excited relativistic acceleration dramatic plasma. purely enhancement acceleration. drastically wave.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52671150"
] |
52897208
|
10.1007/s10546-015-0024-x
|
International audienceThe atmospheric boundary layer over the Antarctic Plateau is unique on account of its isolated location and extreme stability. Here we investigate the characteristics of the boundary layer using wind and temperature measurements from a 45-m high tower located at Dome C. First, spectral analysis reveals that both fields have a scaling behaviour from 30 min to 10 days (spectral slope β≈2 ). Wind and temperature time series also show a multifractal behaviour. Therefore, it is possible to fit the moment-scaling function to the universal multifractal model and obtain multifractal parameters for temperature ( α≈1.51,C1≈0.14 ) and wind speed ( α≈1.34,C1≈0.13 ). The same analysis is repeated separately in winter and summer at six different heights. The β parameter shows a strong stratification with height especially in summer, implying that properties of turbulence change surprisingly rapidly from the ground to the top of the tower
|
Analysis of Boundary-Layer Statistical Properties at Dome C, Antarctica
|
analysis of boundary-layer statistical properties at dome c, antarctica
|
audiencethe antarctic plateau extreme stability. tower dome reveals multifractal behaviour. moment universal multifractal multifractal repeated separately winter summer heights. stratification summer implying turbulence surprisingly rapidly tower
|
exact_dup
|
[
"51939563",
"52714928"
] |
52904226
|
10.1051/epjap/2012120070
|
International audienceAn experimental study of the delayed threshold phenomenon in a Vertical Extended Cavity Semiconductor Emitting Laser is carried out. Under modulation of the pump power, the laser intensity exhibits a hysteresis behavior in the vicinity of the threshold. The temporal width of this hysteresis is measured as a function of the modulation frequency, and is proved to follow the predicted scaling law. A model based on the rate equations is derived and used to analyze the experimental observations. A frequency variation of the laser around the delayed threshold and induced by the phase-amplitude coupling is predicted and estimated
|
Experimental study of the delayed threshold phenomenon in a Class-A VECSEL
|
experimental study of the delayed threshold phenomenon in a class-a vecsel
|
audiencean delayed phenomenon cavity semiconductor emitting out. modulation pump exhibits hysteresis vicinity threshold. hysteresis modulation proved law. analyze observations. delayed
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48221036"
] |
52953689
|
10.1007/s12667-016-0190-z
|
Holders of energy swing options are free to specify the amounts of energy to be delivered on short notice, paying a fixed price per unit delivered. Due to the complexity of potential demand patterns, risk elimination by replication of these contract at energy exchange markets is not possible. As a consequence, when selling delivery contracts, the energy producer has to explicitly consider the risk emanating from fluctuations in supply cost. The impact of these risk factors can be mitigated by the contract seller, who is an energy producer, to a certain extent: Supply cost fluctuations can be absorbed by the own generation portfolio whereas demand uncertainties can be influenced by the choice of the strike price, implicitly changing the buyer's behavior. Considering this, the determination of the optimal strike price can be formulated a a stochastic bilevel problem where the optimal decision of upper level player (price setting and production) depends on the optimal decision of a lower level player (demand depending on the price). We present a solution algorithm tailored to the resulting specific stochastic bilevel problem. We illstrate the effects of the behavioral pricing approach by studying behavioral price setting for natural gas swing options, highlighting in particulr the influence of the seller's production and contract portfolio as well as of the market liquidity on optimal exercise prices
|
Behavioral pricing of energy swing options by stochastic bilevel optimization
|
behavioral pricing of energy swing options by stochastic bilevel optimization
|
holders swing options specify amounts delivered notice paying delivered. elimination replication contract markets possible. selling delivery contracts producer explicitly emanating supply cost. mitigated contract seller producer supply absorbed portfolio influenced strike implicitly changing buyer behavior. strike formulated stochastic bilevel player player tailored stochastic bilevel problem. illstrate behavioral pricing studying behavioral swing options highlighting particulr seller contract portfolio liquidity exercise prices
|
exact_dup
|
[
"33971854"
] |
52954491
|
10.1007/s10258-016-0115-8
|
One of the greatest puzzles in demographic history is why in the rich and urbanized England, fertility declined much later than in the poor and rural France. We consider the effects of a land reform on demographic growth by a family-optimization model where relative per capita wealth generates social status and welfare. We show that tenant farming is the major obstacle to escaping the Malthusian trap with high fertility and low productivity. A land reform provides peasants with higher returns for their investments, inducing them to increase their productivity and status rather than their family size. Consequently, the population growth rate slows down, but the productivity of land increases
|
Land reforms and population growth
|
land reforms and population growth
|
greatest puzzles demographic urbanized england fertility declined rural france. reform demographic capita wealth generates welfare. tenant farming obstacle escaping malthusian trap fertility productivity. reform peasants returns investments inducing productivity size. slows productivity
|
exact_dup
|
[
"33902281"
] |
52954857
|
10.1007/s13753-016-0086-5
|
Floods affect more people globally than any other type of natural hazard. Great potential exists for new technologies to support flood disaster risk reduction. In addition to existing expert-based data collection and analysis, direct input from communities and citizens across the globe may also be used to monitor, validate, and reduce flood risk. New technologies have already been proven to effectively aid in humanitarian response and recovery. However, while ex-ante technologies are increasingly utilized to collect information on exposure, efforts directed towards assessing and monitoring hazards and vulnerability remain limited. Hazard model validation and social vulnerability assessment deserve particular attention. New technologies offer great potential for engaging people and facilitating the coproduction of knowledge
|
Technologies to Support Community Flood Disaster Risk Reduction
|
technologies to support community flood disaster risk reduction
|
floods globally hazard. great technologies flood disaster reduction. expert communities citizens globe monitor validate flood risk. technologies proven effectively humanitarian recovery. ante technologies increasingly utilized collect efforts directed assessing hazards vulnerability limited. hazard validation vulnerability deserve attention. technologies offer great engaging facilitating coproduction
|
exact_dup
|
[
"44738318"
] |
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