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38679505
|
10.1007/s12039-015-0907-x
|
We report the syntheses and structural studies of two nickel(II) complexes of imidazol-2-ylidene- N′-phenylureate ligand of composition [{Im tBuNCON(H)Ph}2Ni(acac)2](1) and [(C6H5NH2)2Ni(acac)2][ImMes NCON(H)Ph] (2). The nickel complex 1 was readily prepared by the reaction of nickel(II) acetylacetonate [Ni(acac)2] with imidazol-2-ylidene-N′-phenylureate ligand [Im tBuNCON(H)Ph] (L1) in THF under reflux condition for 72 h. The nickel complex 2 was obtained by the reaction of [Ni(acac)2], mesityl derivative of imidazol-2-ylidene-N′-phenylureate ligand [Im MesNCON(H)Ph] (L2) in the presence of aniline as base under reflux condition in THF. Both the paramagnetic complexes have been characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy and elemental analyses. Solid-state structures of both the new complexes were established by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. In the molecular structures of complexes 1 and 2, each nickel(II) ion is six fold coordinated and form a distorted octahedral geometry. The optical properties of both complexes have been explored. The Hirshfeld surfaces are used to view and analyze the intermolecular contacts in crystalline state for complex 2
|
Nickel(II) complexes having Imidazol-2-ylidene-N′-phenylurea ligand in the coordination sphere - Syntheses and solid state structures
|
nickel(ii) complexes having imidazol-2-ylidene-n′-phenylurea ligand in the coordination sphere - syntheses and solid state structures
|
syntheses nickel complexes imidazol ylidene phenylureate ligand tbuncon acac acac immes ncon nickel readily nickel acetylacetonate acac imidazol ylidene phenylureate ligand tbuncon reflux nickel acac mesityl imidazol ylidene phenylureate ligand mesncon aniline reflux thf. paramagnetic complexes spectroscopy elemental analyses. complexes diffraction analysis. complexes nickel coordinated distorted octahedral geometry. complexes explored. hirshfeld analyze intermolecular contacts crystalline
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52170739"
] |
41132862
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2012.06.066
|
A scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) procedure for patterning alumina thin films deposited onto a platinum film (Pt/Al2O3) was investigated. The alumina surface was locally etched by hydroxide ions, which were generated at platinum microelectrodes, by exploiting the hydrogen evolution process in aqueous solutions. The local base-induced dissolution of Al2O3 to soluble AlO2- species allowed the exposure of the underlying platinum, which resulted in well-defined conducting spots embedded within an insulating matrix. Reproducibility of the spots was achieved by adding to the electrolyte solutions amounts of EDTA, which acted as a scavenger for OH- ions, while allowed the complexation of the aluminium ions formed at the sample surface during the wet etching process. The effects of electrolysis time, tip to substrate distance and overall tip dimension on the shape and size of the conducting spots were investigated in detail. Furthermore, the possibility to create complex patterns with the optimised etching procedure was also shown
|
A Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy procedure for micropatterning Al2O3-thin films deposited on a platinum substrate.
|
a scanning electrochemical microscopy procedure for micropatterning al2o3-thin films deposited on a platinum substrate.
|
scanning electrochemical microscopy secm patterning alumina films deposited platinum film investigated. alumina locally etched hydroxide platinum microelectrodes exploiting aqueous solutions. dissolution soluble platinum resulted conducting spots embedded insulating matrix. reproducibility spots adding electrolyte amounts edta acted scavenger complexation aluminium etching process. electrolysis conducting spots detail. create optimised etching
|
exact_dup
|
[
"53173400"
] |
41137189
|
10.1007/s00148-013-0477-5
|
We use life history data covering households in thirteen European countries to analyse residential moves past age 50. We observe four types of moves: renting to owning, owning to renting, trading up or trading down for home-owners. We find that in the younger group (aged 50-64) trading up and purchase decisions prevail; in the older group (65+), trading down and selling are more common. Overall, moves are rare, particularly in countries characterized by high transaction costs. Most moves are driven by changes in household composition (divorce, widowhood, nest-leaving by children), but economic factors play a role: low income households who are house-rich and cash-poor are more likely to sell their home late in life
|
The dynamics of homeownership among the 50+ in Europe
|
the dynamics of homeownership among the 50+ in europe
|
covering households thirteen analyse residential moves moves renting owning owning renting trading trading home owners. younger aged trading purchase decisions prevail older trading selling common. moves rare transaction costs. moves household divorce widowhood nest leaving households house cash sell home
|
exact_dup
|
[
"53177723"
] |
46754701
|
10.1051/0004-6361/201220872
|
International audienceA long and intense γ-ray burst (GRB) was detected by INTEGRAL on 11 July 2012 with a duration of ~115 s and fluence of 2.8 × 10-4 erg cm-2 in the 20 keV−8 MeV energy range. GRB 120711A was at z ~ 1.405 and produced soft γ-ray emission (>20 keV) for at least ~10 ks after the trigger. The GRB was observed by several ground-based telescopes that detected a powerful optical flash peaking at an R-band brightness of ~11.5 mag at ~126 s after the trigger, or ~9th magnitude when corrected for the host galaxy extinction (AV ~ 0.85). The X-ray afterglow was monitored by the Swift, XMM-Newton, and Chandra observatories from 8 ks to 7 Ms and provides evidence for a jet break at ~0.9 Ms. We present a comprehensive temporal and spectral analysis of the long-lasting soft γ-ray emission detected in the 20−200 keV band with INTEGRAL/IBIS, the Fermi/LAT post-GRB detection above 100 MeV, the soft X-ray afterglow and the optical/near-infrared detections from Watcher, Skynet/PROMPT, GROND, and REM. The prompt emission had a very hard spectrum (Epeak ~ 1 MeV) and yields an Eγ,iso ~ 1054 erg (1 keV−10 MeV rest frame), making GRB 120711A one of the most energetic GRBs detected so far. We modelled the long-lasting soft γ-ray emission using the standard afterglow scenario, which indicates a forward shock origin. The combination of data extending from the near-infrared to GeV energies suggest that the emission is produced by a broken power-law spectrum consistent with synchrotron radiation. The afterglow is well modelled using a stratified wind-like environment with a density profile k ~ 1.2, suggesting a massive star progenitor (i.e. Wolf-Rayet) with a mass-loss rate between ~10-5−10-6 M⊙ yr-1 depending on the value of the radiative efficiency (ηγ = 0.2 or 0.5). The analysis of the reverse and forward shock emission reveals an initial Lorentz factor of ~120−340, a jet half-opening angle of ~2°−5°, and a baryon load of ~10-5 − 10-6 M⊙ consistent with the expectations of the fireball model when the emission is highly relativistic. Long-lasting soft γ-ray emission from other INTEGRAL GRBs with high peak fluxes, such as GRB 041219A, was not detected, suggesting that a combination of high Lorentz factor, emission above 100 MeV, and possibly a powerful reverse shock are required. Similar long-lasting soft γ-ray emission has recently been observed from the nearby and extremely bright Fermi/LAT burst GRB 130427A
|
GRB 120711A: an intense INTEGRAL burst with long-lasting soft γ-ray emission and a powerful optical flash
|
grb 120711a: an intense integral burst with long-lasting soft γ-ray emission and a powerful optical flash
|
audiencea intense burst fluence kev− range. trigger. telescopes powerful flash peaking brightness trigger corrected extinction afterglow monitored swift newton chandra observatories break comprehensive lasting ibis fermi afterglow infrared detections watcher skynet prompt grond rem. prompt epeak kev− energetic grbs far. modelled lasting afterglow shock origin. extending infrared broken synchrotron radiation. afterglow modelled stratified massive progenitor i.e. wolf rayet radiative reverse shock reveals lorentz opening baryon expectations fireball relativistic. lasting grbs fluxes lorentz possibly powerful reverse shock required. lasting nearby extremely bright fermi burst
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52660032",
"52673753"
] |
46755756
|
10.1103/PhysRevC.92.024316
|
Exprérience GANIL/LISE/MAYAInternational audienceIsoscalar giant resonances have been measured in the unstable Ni68 nucleus using inelastic alpha and deuteron scattering at 50A MeV in inverse kinematics with the active target MAYA at GANIL. Using alpha scattering, the extracted isoscalar giant monopole resonance (ISGMR) centroid was determined to be 21.1±1.9 MeV and the isoscalar giant quadrupole resonance (ISGQR) to be 15.9±1.3 MeV. Indications for soft isoscalar monopole and dipole modes are provided. Results obtained with both (α,α′) and (d,d′) probes are compatible. The evolution of isoscalar giant resonances along the Ni isotopic chain from Ni56 to Ni68 is discussed
|
Isoscalar response of $^{68}$Ni to $\alpha$-particle and deuteron probes
|
isoscalar response of $^{68}$ni to $\alpha$-particle and deuteron probes
|
exprérience ganil lise mayainternational audienceisoscalar giant resonances unstable nucleus inelastic alpha deuteron kinematics maya ganil. alpha isoscalar giant monopole isgmr centroid isoscalar giant quadrupole isgqr mev. indications isoscalar monopole dipole provided. probes compatible. isoscalar giant resonances isotopic
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52675960"
] |
46757248
|
10.1088/1742-6596/569/1/012075
|
Content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence.International audienceIn this work we report the proton- and deuteron-induced fission of 208Pb at 500A MeV ininverse kinematics. We obtained two observables that allow us to investigate dynamical effectsin the fission process: partial fission cross sections and the width of the fission fragment chargedistribution as a function of the atomic number of the fissioning system. Results are comparedto nuclear reaction model calculations in order to describe the evolution of the system fromground to saddle
|
Transient effects in highly-excited fissioning systems
|
transient effects in highly-excited fissioning systems
|
creative commons attribution licence.international audiencein proton deuteron fission ininverse kinematics. observables effectsin fission fission fission fragment chargedistribution fissioning system. comparedto fromground saddle
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52678610"
] |
46761013
|
10.1016/j.nimb.2013.07.028
|
International audienceThe results of preparatory experiments and the preliminary designs of a new in-gas laser ionization and spectroscopy setup, to be coupled to the Super Separator Spectrometer S3 of SPIRAL2-GANIL, are reported. Special attention is given to the development and tests to carry out a full implementation of the in-gas jet laser spectroscopy technique. Application of this novel technique to radioactive species will allow highsensitivity and enhanced-resolution laser spectroscopy studies of ground- and excited-state properties of exotic nuclei
|
In gas laser ionization and spectroscopy experiments at the Superconducting Separator Spectrometer (S3): Conceptual studies and preliminary design
|
in gas laser ionization and spectroscopy experiments at the superconducting separator spectrometer (s3): conceptual studies and preliminary design
|
audiencethe preparatory preliminary designs ionization spectroscopy setup super separator spectrometer spiral ganil reported. carry spectroscopy technique. radioactive highsensitivity spectroscopy excited exotic nuclei
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52683768"
] |
46777349
|
10.1007/s00214-006-0189-y
|
In this paper, geometric bulk parameters, bulk moduli, energy gaps and relative stabilities of the TiO2 anatase and rutile phases were determined from periodic DFT calculations. Then, for the rutile phase, structures, relaxations and surface energies of the (110), (100), (101) and (001) faces were computed. The calculated surface energies are consistent with the natural rutile powder composition, even if a dependence on the number of layers of the slab used to model the surface was identified. Internal constraints, consisting in freezing some internal layers of the slab to atomic bulk positions, were thus added to mimic the bulk hardness in order to stabilise the computed surface energies for thinner systems. In parallel, the influence of pseudopotentials was studied and it appears that four valence electrons for titanium atoms are sufficient. The aim of this study was to optimise accurate rutile TiO2 surface models that will be used in further calculations to investigate water and uranyl ion sorption mechanisms
|
Optimisation of accurate rutile $TiO_2$ (110), (100), (101) and (001) surface models from periodic DFT calculations
|
optimisation of accurate rutile $tio_2$ (110), (100), (101) and (001) surface models from periodic dft calculations
|
geometric moduli gaps stabilities anatase rutile calculations. rutile relaxations faces computed. rutile powder slab identified. consisting freezing slab mimic hardness stabilise thinner systems. pseudopotentials valence titanium sufficient. optimise rutile uranyl sorption
|
exact_dup
|
[
"152299923"
] |
47088279
|
10.1007/978-3642-45173-7_8
|
International audienceThe French economy, as well as those of mature industrialized countries, is going through a period of intense change. This period is characterized by two major (and interrelated) trends: (a) a transition from the industrial age to what is more and more commonly referred to as the “age of the knowledge economy” and (b) a redrawing of economic geography at a global scale. Numerous studies analyze the spatial impact of this change, and especially on cities. They focus on larger cities (globalization, metropolisation) and on specific territories (industrial districts, clusters…). Furthermore, the attention is put on location of innovation, innovative products, firms or activities, using mostly one-dimensional indicators (patents, scientific publication…). We propose to discuss the adaptation of cities to the economic change in the context of a more general pattern. More precisely we analyze the linkage between the innovation process and the structure of urban systems. The structure of urban systems is a persistent configuration of relative and relational properties differentiating cities. The major structural features shared by all city systems are hierarchical differentiation and socio-economic specialization of cities. Feedback processes can be observed, through which social and technological change occurs in every town and city, while the particular features of this propagation of innovation determine functional and size differentiation among cities. While most innovations induce smooth change, without any deep structural transformation and only slightly affect the urban hierarchy (cities are co-evolving), some of them emerge in correlated bundles, which can accelerate the hierarchization process, or even lead to the emergence of new types of cities, via specialization.In order to assess this theory, we lead detailed analysis of the evolution of economic specializations of French cities, especially by the observation of Knowledge-creating Services (KCS). Our aim is to show how the urban hierarchy is linked to the hierarchical process of diffusion of innovation, spatial division of labor and dynamics of competition between cities.We built a harmonized database on French cities (aires urbaines) depending on the proportion of employment in around 30 sectors of economic activity from the 1960’s. Using factor analysis, we can finely describe the adaptation of each city to economic change, which then draw real trajectories
|
Knowledge industry and competitiveness: Economic trajectories of French cities since the 1960s
|
knowledge industry and competitiveness: economic trajectories of french cities since the 1960s
|
audiencethe french economy mature industrialized going intense change. interrelated industrial commonly referred “age economy” redrawing geography scale. numerous analyze cities. cities globalization metropolisation territories industrial districts clusters… innovation innovative firms mostly indicators patents publication… propose adaptation cities pattern. precisely analyze linkage innovation systems. persistent relational differentiating cities. shared city hierarchical socio specialization cities. technological town city propagation innovation cities. innovations induce hierarchy cities evolving emerge bundles accelerate hierarchization emergence cities specialization.in specializations french cities creating hierarchy hierarchical innovation division labor competition cities.we built harmonized french cities aires urbaines proportion employment sectors finely adaptation city draw trajectories
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52811747"
] |
47090838
|
10.1063/1.4897542
|
International audienceThe Superfluid High REynolds von Kármán experiment facility exploits the capacities of a high cooling power refrigerator (400 W at 1.8 K) for a large dimension von Kármán flow (inner diameter 0.78 m), which can work with gaseous or subcooled liquid (He-I or He-II) from room temperature down to 1.6 K. The flow is produced between two counter-rotating or co-rotating disks. The large size of the experiment allows exploration of ultra high Reynolds numbers based on Taylor microscale and rms velocity [S. B. Pope, Turbulent Flows (Cambridge University Press, 2000)] (R λ > 10000) or resolution of the dissipative scale for lower Re. This article presents the design and first performance of this apparatus. Measurements carried out in the first runs of the facility address the global flow behavior: calorimetric measurement of the dissipation, torque and velocity measurements on the two turbines. Moreover first local measurements (micro-Pitot, hot wire,. . .) have been installed and are presented. © 2014 AIP Publishing LLC. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4897542
|
Superfluid high REynolds von Kármán experiment
|
superfluid high reynolds von kármán experiment
|
audiencethe superfluid reynolds kármán facility exploits capacities cooling refrigerator kármán gaseous subcooled room counter rotating rotating disks. exploration ultra reynolds taylor microscale pope turbulent flows dissipative presents apparatus. runs facility calorimetric dissipation torque turbines. micro pitot wire installed presented. publishing llc.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"51944363",
"52301900",
"52660484",
"52678267",
"52718131"
] |
47094559
|
10.1101/pdb.top066167
|
International audienceCa(2+) imaging is a commonly used approach for measuring Ca(2+) signals at high spatial resolution. The method is often combined with electrode recordings to correlate electrical and chemical signals or to investigate Ca(2+) signals following an electrical stimulation. To obtain information on electrical activity at the same spatial resolution, Ca(2+) imaging must be combined with membrane potential imaging. Similarly, stimulation of subcellular compartments requires photostimulation. Thus, combining Ca(2+) imaging with an additional optical technique facilitates the study of a number of physiological questions. The aim of this article is to introduce some basic principles regarding the combination of Ca(2+) imaging with other optical techniques. We discuss the design of the optics, the design of experimental protocols, the optical characteristics of Ca(2+) indicators used in combination with an optical probe, and the affinity of the Ca(2+) indicator in relation to the type of measurement. This information will enable the reader to devise an optimal strategy for combined optical experiments
|
Combining calcium imaging with other optical techniques.
:
Ca 2+ Imaging and Other Optical Techniques
|
combining calcium imaging with other optical techniques. : ca 2+ imaging and other optical techniques
|
audienceca commonly measuring resolution. electrode recordings correlate electrical electrical stimulation. electrical imaging. stimulation subcellular compartments photostimulation. combining facilitates physiological questions. principles techniques. optics protocols indicators affinity indicator measurement. enable reader devise
|
exact_dup
|
[
"51957624",
"52194179"
] |
47100057
|
10.1007/s00211-013-0555-3
|
International audienceWe are interested in front propagation problems in the presence of obstacles. We extend a previous work (Bokanowski, Cheng and Shu, SIAM J. Scient. Comput., 2011), to propose a simple and direct discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method adapted to such front propagation problems. We follow the formulation of (Bokanowski, Forcadel and Zidani, SIAM J. Control Optim. 2010), leading to a level set formulation driven by $\min(u_t + H(x,\nabla u), u-g(x))=0$, where $g(x)$ is an obstacle function. The DG scheme is motivated by the variational formulation when the Hamiltonian $H$ is a linear function of $\nabla u$, corresponding to linear convection problems in presence of obstacles. The scheme is then generalized to nonlinear equations, written in an explicit form. Stability analysis are performed for the linear case with Euler forward, a Heun scheme and a Runge-Kutta third order time discretization using the technique proposed in (Zhang and Shu, SIAM J. Control and Optim., 2010). Several numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the robustness of the method. Finally, a narrow band approach is considered in order to reduce the computational cost
|
A discontinuous Galerkin scheme for front propagation with obstacles
|
a discontinuous galerkin scheme for front propagation with obstacles
|
audiencewe interested front propagation obstacles. extend bokanowski cheng siam scient. comput. propose discontinuous galerkin adapted front propagation problems. formulation bokanowski forcadel zidani formulation nabla obstacle function. motivated variational formulation nabla convection obstacles. form. euler heun runge kutta discretization robustness method. narrow
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52903773"
] |
47104133
|
10.1016/j.matcom.2012.03.005
|
International audienceWe present and analyse in this article a mathematical question with a biological origin, the theoretical treatment of which may have far-reaching implications in the practical treatment of cancers. Starting from biological and clinical observations on cancer cells, tumourbearing laboratory rodents, and patients with cancer, we ask from a theoretical biology viewpoint questions that may be transcribed, using physiologically based modelling of cell proliferation dynamics, into mathematical questions. We then show how recent fluorescence-based image modelling techniques performed at the single cell level in proliferating cell populations allow to identify model parameters and how this may be applied to investigate healthy and cancer cell populations. Finally, we show how this modelling approach allows us to design original optimisation methods for anticancer therapeutics, in particular chronotherapeutics, by controlling eigenvalues of the differential operators underlying the cell proliferation dynamics, in tumour and in healthy cell populations. We propose a numerical algorithm to implement these principles
|
Synchronisation and control of proliferation in cycling cell population models with age structure
|
synchronisation and control of proliferation in cycling cell population models with age structure
|
audiencewe analyse mathematical reaching practical cancers. tumourbearing rodents viewpoint transcribed physiologically proliferation mathematical questions. fluorescence proliferating healthy populations. optimisation anticancer therapeutics chronotherapeutics controlling eigenvalues proliferation tumour healthy populations. propose implement principles
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52651271",
"52905222"
] |
47105796
|
10.1007/978-3-642-23138-4
|
International audienceNon-canonical inflection (suppletion, deponency, heteroclisis...) is extensively studied in theoretical approaches to morphology. However, these studies often lack practical implementations associated with large-scale lexica. Yet these are precisely the requirements for objective comparative studies on the complexity of morphological descriptions. We show how a model of inflectional morphology which can rep- resent many non-canonical phenomena (Walther, 2011), as well as a formalisation and an implementation thereof can be used to evaluate the complexity of competing morphological descriptions. After illustrating the properties of the model with data about French, Latin, Italian, Persian and Sorani Kurdish verbs and about noun classes from Croatian and Slovak we expose experiments conducted on the complexity of four competing descriptions of French verbal inflection. The complexity is evaluated using the information-theoretic concept of description length. We show that the new concepts introduced in the model by Walther (2011) enable reducing the complexity of morphological descriptions w.r.t. both traditional or more recent models
|
Non-Canonical Inflection: Data, Formalisation and Complexity Measures
|
non-canonical inflection: data, formalisation and complexity measures
|
audiencenon canonical inflection suppletion deponency heteroclisis... extensively morphology. practical implementations lexica. precisely comparative morphological descriptions. inflectional morphology resent canonical phenomena walther formalisation thereof competing morphological descriptions. illustrating french latin italian persian sorani kurdish verbs noun croatian slovak expose competing descriptions french verbal inflection. theoretic length. concepts walther enable reducing morphological descriptions w.r.t. traditional
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47711368",
"47748962"
] |
47286249
|
10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.10.163
|
International audienceThe paper examines the biowaste management issues across rural areas of Romania in the context of poor waste management infrastructure in the last decade (2003-2012). Biowaste is the main fraction of municipal waste, thus a proper management is a key challenge in order to sustain a bioeconomy in the near future. The amount of biowaste generated and uncollected by waste operators is generally uncontrolled disposed if not recovered through home composting. The paper points out the role of home composting in diverting the biowaste from wild dumps and landfills for the regions covered or not by waste collection services. Home composting and the biowaste losses are further assessed based on several scenarios (worse-case, pessimistic, realistic, optimistic) where the net loads of greenhouse gasses (GHG) are calculated at national and regional levels. The transition of home composting techniques, from open piles to plastic bins with respect to standard guidelines will improve the home composting performance in terms of compost quality and net GHG's savings, supporting a bio-based economy which will lead towards a sustainable rural development. Regional disparities are revealed across Romanian counties and the paper opens new research perspectives regarding which options should be adopted by counties and rural municipalities in the biowaste management process
|
Assessment of biowaste losses through unsound waste management practices in rural areas and the role of home composting
|
assessment of biowaste losses through unsound waste management practices in rural areas and the role of home composting
|
audiencethe examines biowaste rural romania waste infrastructure decade biowaste municipal waste proper challenge sustain bioeconomy future. biowaste uncollected waste uncontrolled disposed recovered home composting. home composting diverting biowaste dumps landfills covered waste services. home composting biowaste losses scenarios worse pessimistic realistic optimistic loads greenhouse gasses levels. home composting piles plastic bins guidelines home composting compost savings supporting economy sustainable rural development. disparities romanian counties opens perspectives options adopted counties rural municipalities biowaste
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47321305"
] |
47307347
|
10.1007/978-3-642-55355-4_3
|
Part 1: Organizational Semiotics: Theory and ConceptsInternational audienceThe fuzzier domains of social life come into the scope of information science. Below a method is presented that deals with exception handling or also the long tail. It is based upon the Peirce inspired KiF-model. But this time the goal is not to describe procedures or to model elicitation processes, the goal is to develop meaningful sensors that at the same time structure the analysis of the problem and facilitates the access of a database filled with stories. The domain of application is the Dutch educational system
|
Quality of Service in the Long Tail: Narratives and the Exploitation of Soft Metadata
|
quality of service in the long tail: narratives and the exploitation of soft metadata
|
organizational semiotics conceptsinternational audiencethe fuzzier come scope science. deals exception handling tail. peirce inspired model. goal elicitation goal meaningful sensors facilitates filled stories. dutch educational
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47347590"
] |
47332893
|
10.1007/s11750-016-0421-4
|
International audienceSet functions are widely used in many domains of Operations Research (cooperative game theory, decision under risk and uncertainty, combinatorial optimization) under different names (TU-game, capacity, nonadditive measure, pseudo-Boolean function, etc.). Remarkable families of set functions form polyhedra, e.g., the polytope of capacities, the polytope of p-additive capacities, the cone of supermodular games, etc. Also, the core of a set function, defined as the set of additive set functions dominating that set function, is a polyhedron which is of fundamental importance in game theory, decicion making and com-binatorial optimization. This survey paper gives an overview of these notions and studies all these polyhedra
|
Remarkable polyhedra related to set functions, games and capacities
|
remarkable polyhedra related to set functions, games and capacities
|
audienceset widely operations cooperative game combinatorial names game nonadditive pseudo boolean etc. remarkable families polyhedra e.g. polytope capacities polytope additive capacities cone supermodular games etc. additive dominating polyhedron game decicion binatorial optimization. overview notions polyhedra
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47295481",
"52807644"
] |
47736374
|
10.1002/asi.21309
|
International audienceA multiple-perspective co-citation analysis method is introduced for characterizing and interpreting the structure and dynamics of co-citation clusters. The method facilitates analytic and sense making tasks by integrating network visualization, spectral clustering, automatic cluster labeling, and text summarization. Co-citation networks are decomposed into co-citation clusters. The interpretation of these clusters is augmented by automatic cluster labeling and summarization. The method focuses on the interrelations between a co-citation cluster's members and their citers. The generic method is applied to a three-part analysis of the field of Information Science as defined by 12 journals published between 1996 and 2008: 1) a comparative author co-citation analysis (ACA), 2) a progressive ACA of a time series of co-citation networks, and 3) a progressive document co-citation analysis (DCA). Results show that the multiple- perspective method increases the interpretability and accountability of both ACA and DCA networks
|
The Structure and Dynamics of Co Citation Clusters: A Multiple Perspective Co-Citation Analysis.
|
the structure and dynamics of co citation clusters: a multiple perspective co-citation analysis.
|
audiencea perspective citation characterizing interpreting citation clusters. facilitates analytic tasks integrating visualization clustering automatic labeling summarization. citation decomposed citation clusters. augmented automatic labeling summarization. focuses interrelations citation citers. generic journals comparative citation progressive citation progressive document citation perspective interpretability accountability
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52891384"
] |
47739852
|
10.1016/j.jecp.2006.12.001
|
International audienceThe development of children's ability to recognize facial emotions and the role of configural information in this development were investigated. In the study, 100 5-, 7-, 9-, and 11-year-olds and 26 adults needed to recognize the emotion displayed by upright and upside-down faces. The same participants needed to recognize the emotion displayed by the top half of an upright or upside-down face that was or was not aligned with a bottom half that displayed another emotion. The results showed that the ability to recognize facial emotion develops with age, with a developmental course that depends on the emotion to be recognized. Moreover, children at all ages and adults exhibited both an inversion effect and a composite effect, suggesting that children rely on configural information to recognize facial emotions
|
The development of facial emotion recognition : the role of configural information
|
the development of facial emotion recognition : the role of configural information
|
audiencethe recognize facial emotions configural investigated. olds adults recognize emotion displayed upright upside faces. recognize emotion displayed upright upside aligned displayed emotion. recognize facial emotion develops developmental emotion recognized. ages adults exhibited inversion composite rely configural recognize facial emotions
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47776727",
"52197412"
] |
47805493
|
10.1016/j.jneuroling.2009.12.004
|
International audienceIt is an old-standing debate in the field of speech communication to determine whether speech perception involves auditory or multisensory representations and processing, independently on any procedural knowledge about the production of speech units or on the contrary if it is based on a recoding of the sensory input in terms of articulatory gestures, as posited in the Motor Theory of Speech Perception. The discovery of mirror neurons in the last 15 years has strongly renewed the interest for motor theories. However, while these neurophysiological data clearly reinforce the plausibility of the role of motor properties in perception, it could lead in our view to incorrectly de-emphasise the role of perceptual shaping, crucial in speech communication. The so-called Perception-for-Action-Control Theory (PACT) aims at defining a theoretical framework connecting in a principled way perceptual shaping and motor procedural knowledge in speech multisensory processing in the human brain. In this paper, the theory is presented in details. It is described how this theory fits with behavioural and linguistic data, concerning firstly vowel systems in human languages, and secondly the perceptual organization of the speech scene. Finally a neuro-computational framework is presented in connection with recent data on the possible functional role of the motor system in speech perception
|
The Perception for Action Control Theory (PACT): a perceptuo-motor theory of speech perception
|
the perception for action control theory (pact): a perceptuo-motor theory of speech perception
|
audienceit standing debate speech speech perception involves auditory multisensory representations independently procedural speech contrary recoding sensory articulatory gestures posited motor speech perception. discovery mirror renewed motor theories. neurophysiological reinforce plausibility motor perception incorrectly emphasise perceptual shaping crucial speech communication. perception pact aims defining connecting principled perceptual shaping motor procedural speech multisensory brain. details. fits behavioural linguistic concerning firstly vowel languages secondly perceptual speech scene. neuro connection motor speech perception
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47841819"
] |
47806001
|
10.1016/j.red.2010.05.001
|
International audienceWe investigate the welfare cost of business cycles implied by matching frictions. First, using the reduced-form of the matching model, we show that job finding rate fluctuations generate intrinsically a non-linear effect on unemployment: positive shocks reduce unemployment less than negative shocks increase it. For the observed process of the job finding rate in the US economy, this intrinsic asymmetry increases average unemployment, which leads to substantial business cycles costs. Moreover, the structural matching model embeds other non-linearities, which alter the average job finding rate and consequently the welfare cost of business cycles. Our theory suggests to subsidizing employment in order to dampen the impact of the job finding rate fluctuations on welfare
|
Matching frictions, unemployment dynamics and the cost of business cycles
|
matching frictions, unemployment dynamics and the cost of business cycles
|
audiencewe welfare cycles implied matching frictions. matching intrinsically unemployment shocks unemployment shocks economy intrinsic asymmetry unemployment substantial cycles costs. matching embeds linearities alter welfare cycles. subsidizing employment dampen welfare
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47769761",
"52827119"
] |
47833638
|
10.1007/s10758-006-0005-8
|
En open access sur http://www.springerlink.com/content/k2k616x254q34236/?p=fa97ce28e2884c20834f83d7d8f92a2e&pi=1International audienceE-Exercise Bases (EEB) are now used in the teaching of mathematics, especially at university. We discuss here the consequences of their use on the students' activity during computer lab sessions. Results stem from observations of several teaching designs organised in different French universities with three e-exercise bases. The analysis focuses on new tasks and on specific solving strategies, which appear using these resources. Moreover, specific didactic contract clauses are studied
|
Using E-Exercise Bases in Mathematics: Case Studies at University
|
using e-exercise bases in mathematics: case studies at university
|
audiencee exercise bases teaching mathematics university. consequences sessions. teaching designs organised french universities exercise bases. focuses tasks solving resources. didactic contract clauses
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47110334",
"47797432",
"52855630",
"53014676"
] |
47878500
|
10.1016/j.jmateco.2007.06.008
|
International audienceWe investigate whether having a unique equilibrium (or a given number of equilibria) is robust to perturbation of the payoffs, both for Nash equilibrium and correlated equilibrium. We show that the set of n-player finite games with a unique correlated equilibrium is open, while this is not true of Nash equilibrium for n>2. The crucial lemma is that a unique correlated equilibrium is a quasi-strict Nash equilibrium. Related results are studied. For instance, we show that generic two-person zero-sum games have a unique correlated equilibrium and that, while the set of symmetric bimatrix games with a unique symmetric Nash equilibrium is not open, the set of symmetric bimatrix games with a unique and quasi-strict symmetric Nash equilibrium is
|
Is Having a Unique Equilibrium Robust?
|
is having a unique equilibrium robust?
|
audiencewe equilibria robust perturbation payoffs nash equilibrium. player games nash crucial quasi strict nash equilibrium. studied. generic person games bimatrix games nash bimatrix games quasi strict nash
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47842202"
] |
48152305
|
10.1016/j.tecto.2016.06.006
|
International audienceThe Chalkidiki block is a major domain in the North Aegean that, contrary to other domains in the region, largely escaped thermal perturbations during Tertiary extension. As a result, the Chalkidiki block is an ideal candidate to glean information related to the timing of Mesozoic thermal events using appropriate geochronological techniques. We have undertaken a laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) study (U-Th-Pb on monazites and U-Pb on zircons) coupled with 40Ar/39Ar dating on nine samples from various structural levels within the thrust system of the Chalkidiki block. The eastern, and structurally lower part of the system revealed a complete isotopic reset of Carboniferous – Early Triassic monazites coeval with partial monazite destruction, REE-mobilisation and formation of apatite-allanite-epidote coronas at ~ 132 Ma, a reaction that is commonly observed in amphibolite-facies rocks. These coronas formed after crystallisation of garnet (i.e., at T > 580 °C) and, in all probability, either close to the peak-temperature conditions (~ 620 °C) on a prograde path or during retrogression between the peak-temperature and the low-temperature boundary of the amphibolite facies. Cooling of these rocks and arrival at mid-crustal levels occurred at 95–100 Ma. By contrast, the western, and structurally uppermost part of the system went through the same event by 120–125 Ma. Further structural considerations with respect to medium-temperature geochronology data imply that syn-metamorphic thrusting must have ceased by early Late Cretaceous. We emphasize that, with the sole exception of the Chalkidiki block, no pre-45 Ma medium-temperature geochronology data are preserved in other North Aegean domains, a feature that is clearly related to the extension-induced thermal perturbation of the region during the Tertiary
|
Inferences on the Mesozoic evolution of the North Aegean from the isotopic record of the Chalkidiki block
|
inferences on the mesozoic evolution of the north aegean from the isotopic record of the chalkidiki block
|
audiencethe chalkidiki aegean contrary largely escaped perturbations tertiary extension. chalkidiki ideal candidate glean timing mesozoic geochronological techniques. undertaken ablation inductively spectrometry monazites zircons dating nine thrust chalkidiki block. eastern structurally isotopic reset carboniferous triassic monazites coeval monazite destruction mobilisation apatite allanite epidote coronas commonly amphibolite facies rocks. coronas crystallisation garnet i.e. prograde retrogression amphibolite facies. cooling rocks arrival crustal occurred structurally uppermost went considerations geochronology imply metamorphic thrusting ceased cretaceous. emphasize sole exception chalkidiki geochronology preserved aegean perturbation tertiary
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52709891"
] |
48168875
|
10.1016/j.jsames.2015.06.006
|
International audienceIn the northern Neuquén Basin of Argentina (especially in Mendoza Province), there is strong geological evidence for fluid overpressure in the past. The evidence takes the form of bitumen veins and bedding-parallel veins of fibrous calcite ('beef'). Such veins are widespread in the fold-and-thrust belt of the Malargűe area, where bitumen mining has been active for a century or so. So as to collect information on the development of fluid overpressure in this part of the Neuquén Basin, several old mines were visited and studied in the Malargűe area. Here the bitumen veins have intruded mainly the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous Mendoza Group, but also the Late Cretaceous Neuquén Group. The veins have the forms of bedding-parallel sills or dykes and they are especially thick within anticlines, forming saddle-reefs in several places. Beef veins are also numerous in the Malargűe area. They contain bitumen and therefore seem to have formed at the same time as the bitumen veins. Near many outcrops of bitumen and beef, we have found fine-grained volcanic intrusive bodies. The best examples are from the La Valenciana syncline. According to 39 Ar-40 Ar dating, these bodies are mainly of Mid-Miocene age. More generally, volcanism, deformation and maturation of source rocks seem to have reached a climax in Miocene times, when the subducting Pacific slab became relatively flat
|
Geological evidence for fluid overpressure, hydraulic fracturing and strong heating during maturation and migration of hydrocarbons in Mesozoic rocks of the northern Neuquén Basin, Mendoza Province, Argentina
|
geological evidence for fluid overpressure, hydraulic fracturing and strong heating during maturation and migration of hydrocarbons in mesozoic rocks of the northern neuquén basin, mendoza province, argentina
|
audiencein northern neuquén basin argentina mendoza province geological overpressure past. bitumen veins bedding veins fibrous calcite beef veins widespread thrust belt malargűe bitumen mining century collect overpressure neuquén basin mines visited malargűe area. bitumen veins intruded jurassic cretaceous mendoza cretaceous neuquén group. veins bedding sills dykes thick anticlines forming saddle reefs places. beef veins numerous malargűe area. bitumen seem bitumen veins. outcrops bitumen beef fine grained volcanic intrusive bodies. valenciana syncline. dating bodies miocene age. volcanism deformation maturation rocks seem reached climax miocene subducting pacific slab became
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52715750"
] |
48181358
|
10.1007/978-3-319-13695-0_40
|
International audienceThe castle of Coatfrec is a medieval castle in Brittany constituting merely a few remaining ruins currently in the process of restoration. Beyond its great archeological interest, it has become, over the course of the last few years, the subject of experimentation in digital archeology. Methods of 3D scanning were implored in order to gauge comparisons between the remaining structures and their absent hypothetical ones, resulting in the first quantitative results of its kind. This paper seeks to introduce the methods which carried out said research, as well as to present the subsequent results obtained using these new digital tools
|
Combination of 3D Scanning, Modeling and Analyzing Methods around the Castle of Coatfrec Reconstitution
|
combination of 3d scanning, modeling and analyzing methods around the castle of coatfrec reconstitution
|
audiencethe castle coatfrec medieval castle brittany constituting merely ruins restoration. great archeological experimentation digital archeology. scanning implored comparisons absent hypothetical kind. seeks said digital
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52918126",
"52998209"
] |
48202004
|
10.1007/s12013-012-9340-7
|
International audienceThe sodium-proton exchanger 1 (NHE-1) is a membrane transporter that exchanges Na(+) for H(+) ion across the membrane of eukaryotic cells. It is cooperatively activated by intracellular protons, and this allosteric regulation is modulated by the biophysical properties of the plasma membrane and related lipid environment. Consequently, NHE-1 is a mechanosensitive transporter that responds to osmotic pressure, and changes in membrane composition. The purpose of this study was to develop the relationship between membrane surface tension, and the allosteric balance of a mechanosensitive transporter such as NHE-1. In eukaryotes, the asymmetric composition of membrane leaflets results in a difference in surface tensions that is involved in the creation of a reservoir of intracellular vesicles and membrane buds contributing to buffer mechanical constraints. Therefore, we took this phenomenon into account in this study and developed a set of relations between the mean surface tension, membrane asymmetry, fluid phase endocytosis and the allosteric equilibrium constant of the transporter. We then used the experimental data published on the effects of osmotic pressure and membrane modification on the NHE-1 allosteric constant to fit these equations. We show here that NHE-1 mechanosensitivity is more based on its high sensitivity towards the asymmetry between the bilayer leaflets compared to mean global membrane tension. This compliance to membrane asymmetry is physiologically relevant as with their slower transport rates than ion channels, transporters cannot respond as high pressure-high conductance fast-gating emergency valves
|
On the role of the difference in surface tensions involved in the allosteric regulation of NHE-1 induced by low to mild osmotic pressure, membrane tension and lipid asymmetry.
|
on the role of the difference in surface tensions involved in the allosteric regulation of nhe-1 induced by low to mild osmotic pressure, membrane tension and lipid asymmetry.
|
audiencethe sodium proton exchanger transporter exchanges eukaryotic cells. cooperatively intracellular protons allosteric modulated biophysical environment. mechanosensitive transporter responds osmotic composition. tension allosteric balance mechanosensitive transporter eukaryotes asymmetric leaflets tensions creation reservoir intracellular vesicles buds contributing constraints. took phenomenon tension asymmetry endocytosis allosteric transporter. osmotic modification allosteric equations. mechanosensitivity asymmetry bilayer leaflets tension. compliance asymmetry physiologically slower transporters respond conductance gating emergency valves
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52780605"
] |
48217014
|
10.1063/1.4747458
|
International audienceWe investigate solute transport in channels with a periodically varying aperture, when the flow is still laminar but sufficiently fast for inertial effects to be nonnegligible. The flow field is computed for a two-dimensional setup using a finite element analysis, while transport is modeled using a random walk particle tracking method. Recirculation zones are observed when the aspect ratio of the unit cell and the relative aperture fluctuations are sufficiently large; under non-Stokes flow conditions, the flow in non-reversible, which is clearly noticeable by the horizontal asymmetry in the recirculation zones. After characterizing the size and position of the recirculation zones as a function of the geometry and Reynolds number, we investigate the corresponding behavior of the longitudinal effective diffusion coefficient. We characterize its dependence on the molecular diffusion coefficient Dm, the P'eclet number, the Reynolds number, and the geometry. The proposed relation is a generalization of the well-known Taylor-Aris relationship relating the longitudinal dispersion coefficient to Dm and the P'eclet number for a channel of constant aperture at sufficiently low Reynolds number. Inertial effects impact the exponent of the P'eclet number in this relationship; the exponent is controlled by the relative amplitude of aperture fluctuations. For the range of parameters investigated, the measured dispersion coefficient always exceeds that corresponding to the parallel plate geometry under Stokes conditions; in otherwords, boundary fluctuations always result in increased dispersion. The transient approach to the asymptotic regime is also studied and characterized quantitatively. We show that the measured characteristic time to attain asymptotic conditions is controlled by two competing effects: (i) the trapping of particles in the near-immobile zone and, (ii) the enhanced mixing in the central zone where most of the flow takes place (mainstream), due to its thinning
|
The impact of inertial effects on solute dispersion in a channel with periodically varying aperture
|
the impact of inertial effects on solute dispersion in a channel with periodically varying aperture
|
audiencewe solute periodically aperture laminar sufficiently inertial nonnegligible. setup modeled walk tracking method. recirculation zones aspect aperture sufficiently stokes reversible noticeable asymmetry recirculation zones. characterizing recirculation zones reynolds longitudinal coefficient. characterize eclet reynolds geometry. generalization taylor aris relating longitudinal eclet aperture sufficiently reynolds number. inertial exponent eclet exponent aperture fluctuations. exceeds plate stokes otherwords dispersion. transient asymptotic quantitatively. attain asymptotic competing trapping immobile mainstream thinning
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52728259"
] |
48260662
|
10.1016/j.yexcr.2006.11.011
|
International audienceThe Spatial gene is expressed in highly polarized cell types, such as epithelial cells in the thymus, neurons in the brain and germ cells in the testis. In this study, we report the characterization and distribution of Spatial proteins during mouse spermatogenesis. Besides Spatial-epsilon and -delta, we show that the newly described short isoform Spatial-beta is expressed specifically in round spermatids. Using indirect immunofluorescence, we detected Spatial in the cytosol of the early round spermatid. By the end stages of round spermatids, Spatial is concentrated at the opposite face of the acrosome near the nascent flagellum and in the manchette during the elongation process. Finally in mature sperm, Spatial persists in the principal piece of the tail. Moreover, we found that Spatial colocalizes with KIF17b, a testis-specific isoform of the brain kinesin-2 motor KIF17. This colocalization is restricted to the manchette and the principal piece of the sperm tail. Further, coimmunoprecipitation experiments of native proteins from testis lysates confirmed Spatial-KIF17b association through the long Spatial-epsilon isoform. Together, these findings imply a function of Spatial in spermatid differentiation as a new cargo of kinesin KIF17b, in a microtubule-dependent mechanism specific to the manchette and the principal piece of the sperm tail
|
Dynamic distribution of Spatial during mouse spermatogenesis and its interaction with the kinesin KIF17b.
|
dynamic distribution of spatial during mouse spermatogenesis and its interaction with the kinesin kif17b.
|
audiencethe polarized epithelial thymus germ testis. spermatogenesis. besides epsilon delta newly isoform beta round spermatids. indirect immunofluorescence cytosol round spermatid. round spermatids concentrated opposite acrosome nascent flagellum manchette elongation process. mature sperm persists principal piece tail. colocalizes testis isoform kinesin motor colocalization restricted manchette principal piece sperm tail. coimmunoprecipitation native testis lysates confirmed epsilon isoform. imply spermatid cargo kinesin microtubule manchette principal piece sperm tail
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52464120"
] |
50534000
|
10.1051/proc/201448005
|
Numerical simulation codes are very common tools to study complex phenomena, but they are often time-consuming and considered as black boxes. For some statistical studies (e.g. asset management, sensitivity analysis) or optimization problems (e.g. tuning of a molecular model), a high number of runs of such codes is needed. Therefore it is more convenient to build a fast-running approximation - or metamodel - of this code based on a design of experiments. The topic of this paper is the definition of metamodels for stochastic codes. Contrary to deterministic codes, stochastic codes can give different results when they are called several times with the same input. In this paper, two approaches are proposed to build a metamodel of the probability density function of a stochastic code output. The first one is based on kernel regression and the second one consists in decomposing the output density on a basis of well-chosen probability density functions, with a metamodel linking the coefficients and the input parameters. For the second approach, two types of decomposition are proposed, but no metamodel has been designed for the coefficients yet. This is a topic of future research. These methods are applied to two analytical models and three industrial cases
|
Emulators for stochastic simulation codes
|
emulators for stochastic simulation codes
|
codes phenomena consuming boxes. e.g. asset e.g. tuning runs codes needed. convenient build running metamodel experiments. topic metamodels stochastic codes. contrary deterministic codes stochastic codes input. build metamodel stochastic output. kernel decomposing metamodel linking parameters. decomposition metamodel yet. topic research. industrial
|
exact_dup
|
[
"25037314",
"51949814",
"52680558"
] |
51236673
|
10.1016/S0955-7997(01)00025-X
|
The present paper addresses several BIE-based or BIE-oriented formulations for sensitivity analysis of integral functionals with respect to the geometrical shape of a crack. Functionals defined in terms of integrals over the external boundary of a cracked body and involving the solution of a frequency-domain boundary-value elastodynamic problem are considered, but the ideas presented in this paper are applicable, with the appropriate modifications, to other kinds of linear field equations as well. Both direct differentiation and adjoint problem techniques are addressed, with recourse to either collocation or symmetric Galerkin BIE formulations. After a review of some basic concepts about shape sensitivity and material differentiation, the derivative integral equations for the elastodynamic crack problem are discussed in connection with both collocation and symmetric Galerkin BIE formulations. Building upon these results, the direct differentiation and the adjoint solution approaches are then developed. In particular, the adjoint solution approach is presented in three different forms compatible with boundary element method (BEM) analysis of crack problems, based on the discretized collocation BEM equations, the symmetric Galerkin BEM equations and the direct and adjoint stress intensity factors, respectively. The paper closes with a few comments
|
Boundary element based formulations for crack shape sensitivity analysis
|
boundary element based formulations for crack shape sensitivity analysis
|
addresses oriented formulations functionals geometrical crack. functionals integrals cracked involving elastodynamic ideas applicable modifications kinds well. adjoint addressed recourse collocation galerkin formulations. concepts elastodynamic crack connection collocation galerkin formulations. adjoint developed. adjoint compatible crack discretized collocation galerkin adjoint respectively. closes comments
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52915112"
] |
51956026
|
10.1103/PhysRevB.67.012505
|
International audienceThe superconducting phase diagram of MgB2 was determined from magnetization, magnetotransport, and single-crystal specific-heat measurements. A zero-temperature in-plane coherence length of 9.4 nm is determined. The superconducting anisotropy g increases from a value around 2 near Tc to above 4.5 at 22 K. For Hic a pronounced peak effect in the critical current occurs at the upper critical field. Evidence for a surface superconducting state is presented for Hic that might account for the widespread in reported values of g
|
Superconducting transition and phase diagram of single-crystal MgB2
|
superconducting transition and phase diagram of single-crystal mgb2
|
audiencethe superconducting magnetization magnetotransport measurements. coherence determined. superconducting anisotropy pronounced field. superconducting widespread
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52681800"
] |
51959246
|
10.1080/13662716.2011.604471
|
International audienceThis paper investigates the role that subcontracting relationships (collaborative outsourcing vs. traditional subcontracting) can have on a subcontractor's ability to innovate in process and product. In order to measure the "full" impact of subcontracting relationships on innovation, we take into account the possible interaction between process and product innovations. The empirical test is based on 93 small firms operating in "pure subcontracting industries". Using a bivariate probit model, we give evidence that process and product innovations are not independent choices. The test confirms the positive impact of collaborative outsourcing agreement on the subcontractor's probability to innovate whatever the type of innovation. Finally, the results show that process and product innovations are reinforced by different inter-organizational practices and tools as well as distinct absorptive capabilities. This suggests important implications for subcontractors' competitive position
|
Product and Process Innovations in Subcontracting: Empirical Evidence from the French "Sillon Alpin"
|
product and process innovations in subcontracting: empirical evidence from the french "sillon alpin"
|
audiencethis investigates subcontracting collaborative outsourcing traditional subcontracting subcontractor innovate product. subcontracting innovation innovations. firms operating subcontracting industries bivariate probit innovations choices. confirms collaborative outsourcing subcontractor innovate whatever innovation. innovations reinforced organizational practices absorptive capabilities. subcontractors competitive
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47280880"
] |
52199629
|
10.1097/QAD.0b013e3282f1d49f
|
International audienceBACKGROUND: Macroeconomic policy requirements may limit the capacity of national and international policy-makers to allocate sufficient resources for scaling-up access to HIV care and treatment in developing countries. METHOD: An endogenous growth model, which takes into account the evolution of society's human capital, was used to assess the macroeconomic impact of policies aimed at scaling-up access to HIV/AIDS treatment in six African countries (Angola, Benin, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Ivory Coast and Zimbabwe). RESULTS: The model results showed that scaling-up access to treatment in the affected population would limit gross domestic product losses due to AIDS although differently from country to country. In our simulated scenarios of access to antiretroviral therapy, only 10.3% of the AIDS shock is counterbalanced in Zimbabwe, against 85.2% in Angola and even 100.0% in Benin (a total recovery). For four out of the six countries (Angola, Benin, Cameroon, Ivory Coast), the macro-economic gains of scaling-up would become potentially superior to its associated costs in 2010. CONCLUSION: Despite the variability of HIV prevalence rates between countries, macro-economic estimates strongly suggest that a massive investment in scaling-up access to HIV treatment may efficiently counteract the detrimental long-term impact of the HIV pandemic on economic growth, to the extent that the AIDS shock has not already driven the economy beyond an irreversible 'no-development epidemiological trap'
|
'Time is costly': modelling the macroeconomic impact of scaling-up antiretroviral treatment in sub-Saharan Africa.
|
'time is costly': modelling the macroeconomic impact of scaling-up antiretroviral treatment in sub-saharan africa.
|
audiencebackground macroeconomic makers allocate countries. endogenous capital macroeconomic policies aimed aids african angola benin cameroon african republic ivory coast zimbabwe gross domestic losses aids differently country. scenarios antiretroviral aids shock counterbalanced zimbabwe angola benin recovery angola benin cameroon ivory coast macro gains potentially superior prevalence macro massive investment efficiently counteract detrimental pandemic aids shock economy irreversible epidemiological trap
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52465517"
] |
52297541
|
10.1016/j.quaint.2015.06.008
|
International audienceA sediment core has been retrieved from Vanevan peat (south-eastern shore of Lake Sevan, Armenia), which is today disconnected from Lake Sevan thanks to an artificial shallowing of the lake. Based on 5 radiocarbon dates, Vanevan record covers the Mid Holocene (from ca. 7800 to ca. 5100 cal. BP). The Late Holocene is today absent in the peat stratigraphy due to modern peat exploitation by surface mining. This study focuses on a multi-proxy approach including pollen, charcoals, and pollen-inferred climate reconstruction. An open-land, steppic vegetation is recorded up to ca. 7700 cal. BP, followed by a more forested landscape during the Mid Holocene (up to ca. 5700 cal. BP), and ending again with an open-land vegetation (to the end of record, 5100 cal. BP). This vegetation dynamics responds to general climate changes documented in the Near East. Whether human activities are documented since ca. 7500 cal. BP (Late Neolithic) in Vanevan, they remain marginal and probably did not affect the area. Early Holocene dry climate, which caused the steppic environment to be widespread through the Near East, is strongly related to low late spring precipitation (PMay–Jun = 180 mm). Mid Holocene forested landscape and increasing lake-level seem related to late spring precipitation (+28%), which is the main change in estimated climate parameters. This has to be linked with reinforcement of the Westerlies and less active Siberian High, which are inversely involved in the following, dry phase starting at ca. 5700 cal. B
|
Mid Holocene vegetation reconstruction from Vanevan peat (south-eastern shore of Lake Sevan, Armenia)
|
mid holocene vegetation reconstruction from vanevan peat (south-eastern shore of lake sevan, armenia)
|
audiencea sediment retrieved vanevan peat eastern shore lake sevan armenia today disconnected lake sevan thanks artificial shallowing lake. radiocarbon dates vanevan record covers holocene cal. holocene today absent peat stratigraphy modern peat exploitation mining. focuses proxy pollen charcoals pollen inferred reconstruction. steppic vegetation cal. forested landscape holocene cal. ending vegetation record cal. vegetation responds documented east. documented cal. neolithic vanevan marginal probably area. holocene steppic widespread east spring precipitation pmay–jun holocene forested landscape lake seem spring precipitation parameters. reinforcement westerlies siberian inversely cal.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48161066",
"52430401",
"52713556",
"52917603",
"52994048",
"54031492"
] |
52302361
|
10.1002/cpe.3347
|
International audienceWe revisit the classical problem of the reduction collective operation in a heterogeneous environment. We discuss and evaluate four algorithms that are non-clairvoyant, i.e., they do not know in advance the computation and communication costs. On the one hand, Binomial-stat and Fibonacci-stat are static algorithms that decide in advance which operations will be reduced, without adapting to the environment; they were originally defined for homogeneous settings. On the other hand, Tree-dyn and Non-Commut-Tree-dyn are fully dynamic algorithms, for commutative or non-commutative reductions. We show that these algorithms are approximation algorithms with constant or asymptotic ratios. We assess the relative performance of all four non-clairvoyant algorithms with heterogeneous costs through a set of simulations. Our conclusions hold for a variety of distributions
|
Non-clairvoyant reduction algorithms for heterogeneous platforms
|
non-clairvoyant reduction algorithms for heterogeneous platforms
|
audiencewe revisit collective heterogeneous environment. clairvoyant i.e. advance costs. binomial stat fibonacci stat decide advance operations adapting originally homogeneous settings. commut commutative commutative reductions. asymptotic ratios. clairvoyant heterogeneous simulations. hold
|
exact_dup
|
[
"54033183"
] |
52329623
|
10.1051/0004-6361:20042571
|
Aims.Interplanetary dust particle (IDP) matter probably evolved under irradiation in the interstellar medium (ISM) and the solar nebula. Currently IDPs are exposed to irradiation in the Solar System. Here the effects of UV and proton processing on IDP matter are studied experimentally. The structure and chemical composition of the bulk of carbon matter in IDPs is characterized. Methods: .Several IDPs were further irradiated in the laboratory using ultraviolet (UV) photons and protons in order to study the effects of such processing. By means of infrared and Raman spectroscopy, IDPs were also compared to different materials that serve as analogs of carbon grains in the dense and diffuse ISM. Results: .The carbonaceous fraction of IDPs is dehydrogenated by exposure to hard UV photons or 1 MeV protons. On the other hand, proton irradiation at lower energies (20 keV) leads to an efficient hydrogenation of the carbonaceous IDP matter. The dominant type of carbon in IDPs, observed with Raman and infrared spectroscopy, is found to be either a form of amorphous carbon (a-C) or hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H), depending on the IDP, consisting of aromatic units with an average domain size of 1.35 nm (5-6 rings in diameter), linked by aliphatic chains. Conclusions: .The D- and 15N-enrichments associated to an aliphatic component in some IDPs are probably the result of chemical reactions at cold temperatures. It is proposed that the amorphous carbon in IDPs was formed by energetic processing (UV photons and cosmic rays) of icy grains, maybe during the dense cloud stage, and more likely on the surface of the disk during the T Tauri phase of our Sun. This would explain the isotopic anomalies and morphology of IDPs. Partial annealing, 300-400°C, is required to convert an organic residue from ice photoprocessing into the amorphous carbon with low heteroatom content found in IDPs. Such annealing might have occurred as the particles approached the Sun and/or during atmospheric entry heating
|
Nature and evolution of the dominant carbonaceous matter in interplanetary dust particles: effects of irradiation and identification with a type of amorphous carbon
|
nature and evolution of the dominant carbonaceous matter in interplanetary dust particles: effects of irradiation and identification with a type of amorphous carbon
|
aims.interplanetary probably evolved irradiation interstellar nebula. idps exposed irradiation system. proton experimentally. idps characterized. .several idps irradiated ultraviolet photons protons processing. infrared raman spectroscopy idps serve analogs grains dense diffuse ism. .the carbonaceous idps dehydrogenated photons protons. proton irradiation hydrogenation carbonaceous matter. idps raman infrared spectroscopy amorphous hydrogenated amorphous consisting aromatic rings aliphatic chains. .the enrichments aliphatic idps probably cold temperatures. amorphous idps energetic photons cosmic rays grains maybe dense tauri sun. isotopic anomalies morphology idps. annealing convert residue photoprocessing amorphous heteroatom idps. annealing occurred approached entry heating
|
exact_dup
|
[
"46777553",
"152304475",
"52763506"
] |
52407987
|
10.1016/j.ajhg.2015.09.012
|
Autosomal-recessive optic neuropathies are rare blinding conditions related to retinal ganglion cell (RGC) and optic-nerve degeneration, for which only mutations in TMEM126A and ACO2 are known. In four families with early-onset recessive optic neuropathy, we identified mutations in RTN4IP1, which encodes a mitochondrial ubiquinol oxydo-reductase. RTN4IP1 is a partner of RTN4 (also known as NOGO), and its ortholog Rad8 in C. elegans is involved in UV light response. Analysis of fibroblasts from affected individuals with a RTN4IP1 mutation showed loss of the altered protein, a deficit of mitochondrial respiratory complex I and IV activities, and increased susceptibility to UV light. Silencing of RTN4IP1 altered the number and morphogenesis of mouse RGC dendrites in vitro and the eye size, neuro-retinal development, and swimming behavior in zebrafish in vivo. Altogether, these data point to a pathophysiological mechanism responsible for RGC early degeneration and optic neuropathy and linking RTN4IP1 functions to mitochondrial physiology, response to UV light, and dendrite growth during eye maturation
|
Recessive Mutations in RTN4IP1 Cause Isolated and Syndromic Optic Neuropathies
|
recessive mutations in rtn4ip1 cause isolated and syndromic optic neuropathies
|
autosomal recessive optic neuropathies rare blinding retinal ganglion optic nerve degeneration tmem known. families onset recessive optic neuropathy encodes mitochondrial ubiquinol oxydo reductase. partner nogo ortholog elegans response. fibroblasts mutation altered deficit mitochondrial respiratory susceptibility light. silencing altered morphogenesis dendrites neuro retinal swimming zebrafish vivo. altogether pathophysiological degeneration optic neuropathy linking mitochondrial physiology dendrite maturation
|
exact_dup
|
[
"81156689"
] |
52448157
|
10.1016/j.pepi.2010.06.009
|
International audienceIn the natural case of an hypervelocity impact on a planetary or asteroidal surface, two competing phenomena occur: partial or complete shock demagnetization of pre-existing remanence and acquisition of shock remanent magnetization (SRM). In this paper, to better understand the effects of shock on the magnetic history of rocks, we simulate this natural case through laser shock experiments in controlled magnetic field. As previously shown, SRM is strictly proportional to the ambient field at the time of impact and parallel to the ambient field. Moreover, there is no directional or intensity heterogeneity of the SRM down to the scale of ∼0.2mm. We also show that the intensity of SRM is independent of the initial remanence state of the rock. Shock demagnetization and magnetization appear to be distinct phenomena that do not necessarily affect identical populations of grains. As such, shock demagnetization is not a limiting case of shock magnetization in zero field
|
Unraveling the simultaneous shock magnetization and demagnetization of rocks
|
unraveling the simultaneous shock magnetization and demagnetization of rocks
|
audiencein hypervelocity planetary asteroidal competing phenomena shock demagnetization remanence acquisition shock remanent magnetization shock rocks simulate shock field. strictly ambient ambient field. directional heterogeneity remanence rock. shock demagnetization magnetization phenomena necessarily grains. shock demagnetization limiting shock magnetization
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52730856"
] |
52452607
|
10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.11.006
|
International audienceScanning and transmission electron microscopy analyses have been performed for tiles extracted from the toroidal pump limiter of Tore Supra for erosion- and deposition-dominated zones. Deposit thicknesses have been estimated for the plasma-facing top and the gap side lateral surfaces. Deposit thickness profiles have been measured inside gaps, showing that deposition mainly occurs in the first millimetre and that both poloidal and toroidal gap deposition is asymmetric. Quantitative information on the deposit volume and on D-retention are thus obtained from these measurements. Carbon probed at the tile top surfaces is mainly amorphous carbon, due either to the amorphization induced by ion bombardment in the erosion dominated zone, or to deposit formation processes in the deposition-dominated zones. Deposits are tip-shaped and are oriented, which should give information on transport processes
|
Structure of the carbon layers deposited on the toroidal pump limiter of Tore Supra
|
structure of the carbon layers deposited on the toroidal pump limiter of tore supra
|
audiencescanning microscopy tiles toroidal pump limiter tore supra erosion deposition dominated zones. deposit thicknesses facing lateral surfaces. deposit gaps deposition millimetre poloidal toroidal deposition asymmetric. deposit retention measurements. probed tile amorphous amorphization bombardment erosion dominated deposit deposition dominated zones. deposits shaped oriented
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52693024"
] |
52630838
|
10.1002/joc.2013
|
International audienceAs in most parts of Africa, the Bani basin (Niger River, Mali) is threatened by climate changes. This study focuses on drought hazards and its indicators as derived from the climatic moisture index using the monthly data for the period (1963–2000) in order to examine the Bani basin's vulnerability to water stress. In this study, water deficit (drought) was logically addressed using the standardized precipitation index on a 10-day time step. The inadequacies in the standardized precipitation index while estimating water deficit within the basin based on technical issues result in the usage of the effective drought index (EDI). This robust index is specially designed for daily data computation and uses daily data efficiently while estimating water deficit. Three regions were identified to be threatened by droughts (length, number, and evolution in time) within the basin, using EDI as a tool of investigation. It also shows that droughts seem to be less frequent but of a longer duration due to the increasing trend of total dry days over the study perio
|
Study of water stress and droughts with indicators using daily data on the Bani river (Niger basin, Mali)
|
study of water stress and droughts with indicators using daily data on the bani river (niger basin, mali)
|
audienceas africa bani basin niger river mali threatened changes. focuses drought hazards indicators climatic moisture monthly examine bani basin vulnerability stress. deficit drought logically addressed standardized precipitation step. inadequacies standardized precipitation estimating deficit basin usage drought robust specially efficiently estimating deficit. threatened droughts basin investigation. droughts seem frequent perio
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48350238"
] |
52631614
|
10.1016/j.rse.2007.09.002
|
Field data describing the height growth of trees or stands over several decades are very scarce. Consequently, our capacity of analyzing forest dynamics over large areas and long periods of time is somewhat limited. This study proposes a new method for retrospectively reconstructing plot-wise average dominant tree height based on a time series of high-resolution canopy height maps, termed canopy height models (CHMs). The absolute elevation of the canopy surface, or digital surface model (DSM), was first reconstructed by applying image-matching techniques to stereo-pairs of aerial photographs acquired in 1945, 1965, 1983, and 2003. The historical CHMs were then created by subtracting the bare earth elevation provided from a recent lidar survey from the DSMs. A method for estimating average dominant tree height from these historical CHMs was developed and calibrated for each photographic year. The accuracy of the resulting remote sensing height estimates was compared to ageheight data reconstructed based on dendrometric measurements. The height bias of the remote sensing estimates relative to the verification data ranged from 0.52 m to 1.55 m (1.16 m on average). The corresponding root-mean-square errors varied between 1.49 m and 2.88 m (2.03 m average). Despite being slightly less accurate than historical field data, the quality of the remote sensing estimates is sufficient for many types of forest dynamics studies. The procedures for implementing this method, with the exception of the calibration phase, are entirely automated such that forest height growth curves can be reconstructed and mapped over large areas for which recent lidar data and historical photographs exist
|
Height growth reconstruction of a boreal forest canopy over a period of 58 years using a combination of photogrammetric and lidar models
|
height growth reconstruction of a boreal forest canopy over a period of 58 years using a combination of photogrammetric and lidar models
|
describing trees stands decades scarce. analyzing forest somewhat limited. proposes retrospectively reconstructing wise canopy termed canopy chms elevation canopy digital reconstructed matching stereo aerial photographs acquired historical chms created subtracting bare earth elevation lidar dsms. estimating historical chms calibrated photographic year. remote sensing ageheight reconstructed dendrometric measurements. remote sensing verification ranged varied historical remote sensing forest studies. implementing exception calibration entirely automated forest reconstructed mapped lidar historical photographs
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47801133",
"47837249"
] |
52669135
|
10.1016/j.taap.2011.12.017
|
International audienceWe have analyzed transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic profiles of hepatoma cells cultivated inside a microfluidic biochip with or without acetaminophen (APAP). Without APAP, the results show an adaptive cellular response to the microfluidic environment, leading to the induction of anti-oxidative stress and cytoprotective pathways. In presence of APAP, calcium homeostasis perturbation, lipid peroxidation and cell death are observed. These effects can be attributed to APAP metabolism into its highly reactive metabolite. N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI). That toxicity pathway was confirmed by the detection of GSH-APAP, the large production of 2-hydroxybutyrate and 3-hydroxybutyrate, and methionine, cystine, and histidine consumption in the treated biochips. Those metabolites have been reported as specific biomarkers of hepatotoxicity and glutathione depletion in the literature. In addition, the integration of the metabolomic, transcriptomic and proteomic collected profiles allowed a more complete reconstruction of the APAP injury pathways. To our knowledge, this work is the first example of a global integration of microfluidic biochip data in toxicity assessment. Our results demonstrate the potential of that new approach to predictive toxicology
|
Predictive toxicology using systemic biology and liver microfluidic "on chip" approaches: Application to acetaminophen injury
|
predictive toxicology using systemic biology and liver microfluidic "on chip" approaches: application to acetaminophen injury
|
audiencewe transcriptomic proteomic metabolomic hepatoma cultivated microfluidic biochip acetaminophen apap apap adaptive microfluidic oxidative cytoprotective pathways. apap calcium homeostasis perturbation peroxidation observed. attributed apap metabolism reactive metabolite. acetyl benzoquinone imine napqi toxicity confirmed apap hydroxybutyrate hydroxybutyrate methionine cystine histidine biochips. metabolites biomarkers hepatotoxicity glutathione depletion literature. metabolomic transcriptomic proteomic reconstruction apap injury pathways. microfluidic biochip toxicity assessment. predictive toxicology
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48221912",
"52315528"
] |
52671044
|
10.1093/nar/gku348
|
International audienceCyclodipeptide synthases (CDPSs) use two aminoacyl-tRNA substrates in a sequential ping-pong mechanism to form a cyclodipeptide. The crystal structures of three CDPSs have been determined and all show a Rossmann-fold domain similar to the catalytic domain of class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs). Structural features and mutational analyses however suggest that CDPSs and aaRSs interact differently with their tRNA substrates. We used AlbC from Streptomyces noursei that mainly produces cyclo(l-Phe-l-Leu) to investigate the interaction of a CDPS with its substrates. We demonstrate that Phe-tRNA Phe is the first substrate accommodated by AlbC. Its binding to AlbC is dependent on basic residues located in the helix ␣4 that form a basic patch at the surface of the protein. AlbC does not use all of the Leu-tRNA Leu isoacceptors as a second substrate. We show that the G 1-C 72 pair of the acceptor stem is essential for the recognition of the second substrate. Substitution of D163 located in the loop ␣6–␣7 or D205 located in the loop 6–␣8 affected Leu-tRNA Leu isoacceptors specificity, suggesting the involvement of these residues in the binding of the second substrate. This is the first demonstration that the two substrates of CDPSs are accommodated in different binding sites
|
Specificity determinants for the two tRNA substrates of the cyclodipeptide synthase AlbC from Streptomyces noursei
|
specificity determinants for the two trna substrates of the cyclodipeptide synthase albc from streptomyces noursei
|
audiencecyclodipeptide synthases cdpss aminoacyl trna substrates sequential ping pong cyclodipeptide. cdpss rossmann catalytic aminoacyl trna synthetases aarss mutational cdpss aarss interact differently trna substrates. albc streptomyces noursei produces cyclo cdps substrates. trna accommodated albc. albc helix patch protein. albc trna isoacceptors substrate. acceptor recognition substrate. substitution trna isoacceptors specificity involvement substrate. demonstration substrates cdpss accommodated
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52191064"
] |
52685701
|
10.1103/PhysRevB.84.224301
|
International audienceHeating of dielectric nanoparticles by black-body radiation is investigated by using molecular-dynamics simulation. The thermal interaction with the radiation is modeled by coupling the ions with a random electric field and including a radiation reaction force. This approach shows that the heat is absorbed by the polariton mode. Its subsequent redistribution among other vibration modes strongly depends on the particle size and on temperature.We observe energy trapping in a finite subset of vibrational mode
|
Radiative heat transfer from a black body to dielectric nanoparticles
|
radiative heat transfer from a black body to dielectric nanoparticles
|
audienceheating dielectric nanoparticles simulation. modeled force. absorbed polariton mode. redistribution vibration temperature.we trapping vibrational
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52902859"
] |
52701000
|
10.1101/PhysRevE.75.031120
|
16 pages (version publiée)International audienceConsidering a broad class of steady-state nonequilibrium systems for which some additive quantities are conserved by the dynamics, we introduce from a statistical approach intensive thermodynamic parameters (ITPs) conjugated to the conserved quantities. This definition does not require any detailed balance relation to be fulfilled. Rather, the system has to satisfy a general additivity property, which holds in most of the models usually considered in the literature, including those described by a matrix product ansatz with finite matrices. The main property of these ITPs is to take equal values in two subsystems, making them a powerful tool to describe nonequilibrium phase coexistence, as illustrated on different models. We finally discuss the issue of the equalization of ITPs when two different systems are put into contact. This issue is closely related to the possibility of measuring the ITPs using a small auxiliary system, in the same way as temperature is measured with a thermometer, and points at one of the major difficulties of nonequilibrium statistical mechanics. In addition, an efficient alternative determination, based on the measure of fluctuations, is also proposed and illustrated
|
Intensive thermodynamic parameters in nonequilibrium systems
|
intensive thermodynamic parameters in nonequilibrium systems
|
pages publiée audienceconsidering broad steady nonequilibrium additive quantities conserved intensive thermodynamic itps conjugated conserved quantities. balance fulfilled. satisfy additivity ansatz matrices. itps subsystems powerful nonequilibrium coexistence illustrated models. equalization itps contact. closely measuring itps auxiliary thermometer difficulties nonequilibrium mechanics. illustrated
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52327847"
] |
52729463
|
10.1016/j.gca.2012.04.050
|
International audienceWe present new high precision iron isotope data (δ56Fe vs. IRMM-014 in per mil) for four groups of achondrites: one lunar meteorite, 11 martian meteorites, 32 howardite-eucrite-diogenite meteorites (HEDs), and eight angrites. Angrite meteorites are the only planetary materials, other than Earth/Moon system, significantly enriched in the heavy isotopes of Fe compared to chondrites (by an average of +0.12‰ in δ56Fe). While the reason for such fractionation is not completely understood, it might be related to isotopic fractionation by volatilization during accretion or more likely magmatic differentiation in the angrite parent-body. We also report precise data on martian and HED meteorites, yielding an average δ56Fe of 0.00 ± 0.01‰. Stannern-trend eucrites are isotopically heavier by +0.05‰ in δ56Fe than other eucrites. We show that this difference can be ascribed to the enrichment of heavy iron isotopes in ilmenite during igneous differentiation. Preferential dissolution of isotopically heavy ilmenite during remelting of eucritic crust could have generated the heavy iron isotope composition of Stannern-trend eucrites. This supports the view that Stannern-trend eucrites are derived from main-group eucrite source magma by assimilation of previously formed asteroidal crust. These new results show that iron isotopes are not only fractionated in terrestrial and lunar basalts, but also in two other differentiated planetary crusts. We suggest that igneous processes might be responsible for the iron isotope variations documented in planetary crusts
|
Iron isotope fractionation in planetary crusts
|
iron isotope fractionation in planetary crusts
|
audiencewe precision iron isotope irmm achondrites lunar meteorite martian meteorites howardite eucrite diogenite meteorites heds eight angrites. angrite meteorites planetary earth moon enriched isotopes chondrites fractionation understood isotopic fractionation volatilization accretion magmatic angrite parent body. precise martian meteorites yielding stannern eucrites isotopically heavier eucrites. ascribed enrichment iron isotopes ilmenite igneous differentiation. preferential dissolution isotopically ilmenite remelting eucritic crust iron isotope stannern eucrites. supports stannern eucrites eucrite magma assimilation asteroidal crust. iron isotopes fractionated terrestrial lunar basalts differentiated planetary crusts. igneous iron isotope documented planetary crusts
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52849182"
] |
52736285
|
10.1007/s10569-010-9262-x
|
International audienceThe resonant rotation of Mercury can be modelised by a kernel model on which we can add perturbations. Our kernel model is a two-degree of freedom one written in Hamiltonian formalism. For this kernel, we consider that Mercury is solid and rotates on a Keplerian orbit. By introducing the perturbations due to the other planets of the Solar System, it appears that, in a particular case, our slow degree of freedom may enter into a 1:1 resonance with the Great Inequality of Jupiter and Saturn. Actually, as the moments of inertia of Mercury are still poorly known, this phenomenon cannot be excluded
|
A secondary resonance in Mercury's rotation
|
a secondary resonance in mercury's rotation
|
audiencethe resonant mercury modelised kernel perturbations. kernel freedom formalism. kernel mercury rotates keplerian orbit. introducing perturbations planets slow freedom enter great inequality jupiter saturn. moments inertia mercury poorly phenomenon excluded
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52662704"
] |
52759906
|
10.1103/PhysRevD.77.023002
|
International audienceA new LISA simulator (LISACode) is presented. Its ambition is to achieve a new degree of sophistication allowing to map, as closely as possible, the impact of the different sub-systems on the measurements. LISACode is not a detailed simulator at the engineering level but rather a tool whose purpose is to bridge the gap between the basic principles of LISA and a future, sophisticated end-to-end simulator. This is achieved by introducing, in a realistic manner, most of the ingredients that will influence LISA's sensitivity as well as the application of TDI combinations. Many user-defined parameters allow the code to study different configurations of LISA thus helping to finalize the definition of the detector. Another important use of LISACode is in generating time series for data analysis developments
|
LISACode : A scientific simulator of LISA
|
lisacode : a scientific simulator of lisa
|
audiencea lisa simulator lisacode presented. ambition sophistication allowing closely measurements. lisacode simulator bridge principles lisa sophisticated simulator. introducing realistic manner ingredients lisa combinations. configurations lisa helping finalize detector. lisacode generating developments
|
exact_dup
|
[
"46775072",
"47117553",
"52663758",
"52701014",
"52792807"
] |
52767764
|
10.1051/0004-6361:20054084
|
Accepted for publication in A&A (8 pages, 7 figures)International audienceWe present here the discovery and characterisation of a very light planet around HD4308. The planet orbits its star in 15.56 days. The circular radial-velocity variation presents a tiny semi-amplitude of 4.1 m/s that corresponds to a planetary minimum mass m2sin(i)=14.1 Earth masses. The planet was unveiled by high-precision radial-velocity measurements obtained with the HARPS spectrograph on the ESO 3.6-m telescope. The radial-velocity residuals around the Keplerian solution are 1.3 m/s, demonstrating the very high quality of the HARPS measurements. Activity and bisector indicators exclude any significant perturbations of stellar intrinsic origin, which supports the planetary interpretation. Contrary to most planet-host stars, HD4308 has a marked sub-solar metallicity ([Fe/H]=-0.31), raising the possibility that very light planet occurrence might show a different coupling with the parent star\'s metallicity than do giant gaseous extra-solar planets. Together with Neptune-mass planets close to their parent stars, the new planet occupies a position in the mass-separation parameter space that is constraining for planet-formation and evolution theories. The question of whether they can be considered as residuals of evaporated gaseous giant planets, ice giants, or super-earth planets is discussed in the context of the latest core-accretion models
|
The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets V. A 14 Earth-masses planet orbiting HD 4308
|
the harps search for southern extra-solar planets v. a 14 earth-masses planet orbiting hd 4308
|
publication pages audiencewe discovery characterisation planet planet orbits days. circular presents tiny planetary earth masses. planet unveiled precision harps spectrograph telescope. residuals keplerian demonstrating harps measurements. bisector indicators exclude perturbations intrinsic supports planetary interpretation. contrary planet marked metallicity raising planet occurrence parent metallicity giant gaseous extra planets. neptune planets parent planet occupies constraining planet theories. residuals evaporated gaseous giant planets giants super earth planets latest accretion
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52472627"
] |
52788878
|
10.1063/1.3232228
|
International audienceThe strong coupling regime in a ZnO microcavity is investigated through room temperature photoluminescence and reflectivity experiments. The simultaneous strong coupling of excitons to the cavity mode and the first Bragg mode is demonstrated at room temperature. The polariton relaxation is followed as a function of the excitation density. A relaxation bottleneck is evidenced in the Bragg-mode polariton branch. It is partly broken under strong excitation density, so that the emission from this branch dominates the one from cavity-mode polaritons
|
Relaxation and emission of Bragg-mode and cavity-mode polaritons in a ZnO microcavity at room temperature
|
relaxation and emission of bragg-mode and cavity-mode polaritons in a zno microcavity at room temperature
|
audiencethe microcavity room photoluminescence reflectivity experiments. simultaneous excitons cavity bragg room temperature. polariton relaxation density. relaxation bottleneck evidenced bragg polariton branch. partly broken branch dominates cavity polaritons
|
exact_dup
|
[
"49298492"
] |
52871626
|
10.1007/s00445-011-0472-1
|
International audienceX-ray computed microtomography (μCT) was carried out on four pyroclasts from the 1997 Vulcanian explosions of Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat. Three-dimensional data from multiple image stacks with different spatial resolutions (0.37, 4-8, and 17.4 μm px−1) were combined to generate size distributions of vesicles, inter-vesicle throats, crystals, and Fe-Ti oxides over a 3.4-860-μm size range, and to compare the results with those obtained by 2D image analysis on the same samples. Qualitative textural observations are in good agreement with those made in 2D, but μCT provides better resolution of textural features and spatial relationships. Calculation of size distributions requires automated decoalescence of the connected vesicle network. Problems related to this process, in part due to the high porosity of pumice, result in potential artefacts in the calculated size distributions, which are discussed in detail. The main modes of the 3D vesicle volume distributions are systematically shifted to larger sizes compared with those of the 2D distributions. Sample total vesicularities obtained in 3D are within 13 vol.% of those found in 2D, and within 10 vol.% of those measured by He-pycnometry. Total number densities of vesicles and Fe-Ti oxides from the two methods are consistent only to the first order, 3D values ranging from 37% to 309% of those in 2D. Vesicle coalescence, investigated by examining inter-vesicle throat size distributions, occurred in all pyroclasts between neighbouring vesicles of many sizes. The larger the vesicle, the more connected it is
|
Quantitative textural analysis of Vulcanian pyroclasts (Montserrat) using multi-scale X-ray computed microtomography: comparison with results from 2D image analysis
|
quantitative textural analysis of vulcanian pyroclasts (montserrat) using multi-scale x-ray computed microtomography: comparison with results from 2d image analysis
|
audiencex microtomography pyroclasts vulcanian explosions soufrière hills volcano montserrat. stacks resolutions vesicles vesicle throats crystals oxides samples. qualitative textural textural relationships. automated decoalescence vesicle network. porosity pumice artefacts detail. vesicle systematically shifted sizes distributions. vesicularities vol. vol. pycnometry. densities vesicles oxides ranging vesicle coalescence examining vesicle throat occurred pyroclasts neighbouring vesicles sizes. vesicle
|
exact_dup
|
[
"49295419",
"52652304",
"52734624",
"52918966",
"54025204"
] |
52898670
|
10.1002/qj.2097
|
International audienceThis article presents the first dynamically adaptive wavelet method for the shallow-water equations (SWEs) on a staggered hexagonal C-grid. Pressure is located at the centres of the primal grid (hexagons) and velocity is located at the edges of the dual grid (triangles). Distinct bi-orthogonal second-generation wavelet transforms are developed for the pressure and the velocity. These wavelet transforms are based on second-order accurate interpolation and restriction operators. Together with compatible restriction operators for the mass flux and Bernoulli function, they ensure that mass is conserved and that there is no numerical generation of vorticity when solving the SWEs. Grid refinement relies on appropriate thresholding of the wavelet coefficients, allowing error control in both the quasi-geostrophic and inertia-gravity wave regimes. The SWEs are discretized on the dynamically adapted multiscale grid using a mass and potential-enstrophy-conserving finite-difference scheme. The conservation and error control properties of the method are verified by applying it to a propagating inertia-gravity wave packet and to rotating shallow-water turbulence. Significant savings in the number of degrees of freedom are achieved even in the case of rotating shallow-water turbulence. The numerical dissipation introduced by the grid adaptation is quantified. The method has been designed so it can be extended easily to the icosahedral subdivision of the sphere. This work provides important building blocks for the development of fully adaptive general circulation models. © 2013 Royal Meteorological Society
|
A conservative adaptive wavelet method for the shallow-water equations on staggered grids
|
a conservative adaptive wavelet method for the shallow-water equations on staggered grids
|
audiencethis presents dynamically adaptive wavelet shallow swes staggered hexagonal grid. centres primal hexagons triangles orthogonal wavelet transforms velocity. wavelet transforms interpolation restriction operators. compatible restriction bernoulli ensure conserved vorticity solving swes. refinement relies thresholding wavelet allowing quasi geostrophic inertia regimes. swes discretized dynamically adapted multiscale enstrophy conserving scheme. conservation verified propagating inertia packet rotating shallow turbulence. savings freedom rotating shallow turbulence. dissipation adaptation quantified. icosahedral subdivision sphere. blocks adaptive circulation models. royal meteorological
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52718942"
] |
52905679
|
10.1007/s11214-011-9814-8
|
International audienceIncreased computer capacity has made it possible to model the global plasma and neutral dynamics near Venus, Mars and Saturn's moon Titan. The plasma interactions at Venus, Mars, and Titan are similar because each possess a substantial atmosphere but lacks a global internally generated magnetic field. In this article three self-consistent plasma models are described: the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model, the hybrid model and the fully kinetic plasma model. Chamberlain and Monte Carlo models of the Martian exosphere are also described. In particular, we describe the pros and cons of each model approach. Results from simulations are presented to demonstrate the ability of the models to capture the known plasma and neutral dynamics near the three objects
|
Modeling of Venus, Mars, and Titan
|
modeling of venus, mars, and titan
|
audienceincreased neutral venus mars saturn moon titan. venus mars titan possess substantial atmosphere lacks internally field. magnetohydrodynamic hybrid model. chamberlain monte carlo martian exosphere described. pros cons approach. capture neutral
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48343768",
"52733435"
] |
52952720
|
10.1002/joc.3892
|
The recent warming trends have led to rising concerns on how the changing climate has been altering and will continue to alter agroclimatic conditions in China. In this study, high resolution climate scenarios from regional climate models (RCMs) are used as input to the agro-ecological zones (AEZ) model for China and to compute a comprehensive set of agroclimatic indicators. Uncertainties in the projected impacts of climate change on agroclimatic conditions are also discussed with respect to (1) RCM outputs for different emission scenarios, and (2) differences in projections obtained from two different RCMs under the same emission scenario. The results indicate a significant extension of the crop growing period in tandem with the rising temperatures during the crop growing season, which may lead to increase in multi-cropping opportunities at high latitudes and thus advance the total potential output per unit of cropland. However, the results show that the Southwest China will experience a significant reduction in the value of humidity index, implying severe challenges for future agricultural development in the region. Spatially explicit patterns of changes in future agroclimatic conditions, as revealed in this study, can be beneficial for policy-makers, farming communities and other stakeholders to assess risk factors, design adaptation and mitigation measures, and improve management practices at the local to regional scales
|
Agroclimatic conditions in China under climate change scenarios projected from regional climate models
|
agroclimatic conditions in china under climate change scenarios projected from regional climate models
|
warming rising concerns changing altering continue alter agroclimatic china. scenarios rcms agro ecological zones comprehensive agroclimatic indicators. projected impacts agroclimatic outputs scenarios projections rcms scenario. crop growing tandem rising crop growing season cropping opportunities latitudes advance cropland. southwest humidity implying challenges agricultural region. spatially agroclimatic beneficial makers farming communities stakeholders adaptation mitigation practices
|
exact_dup
|
[
"44737159"
] |
52993884
|
10.1073/pnas.1520402112
|
International audienceIn recent years, a plethora of theoretical carbon allotropes have been proposed, none of which has been experimentally isolated. We discuss here criteria that should be met for a new phase to be potentially experimentally viable. We take as examples Haeckelites, 2D networks of sp2-carbon–containing pentagons and heptagons, and “penta-graphene,” consisting of a layer of pentagons constructed from a mixture of sp2- and sp3-coordinated carbon atoms. In 2D projection appearing as the “Cairo pattern,” penta-graphene is elegant and aesthetically pleasing. However, we dispute the author’s claims of its potential stability and experimental relevanc
|
Predicting experimentally stable allotropes: Instability of penta-graphene
|
predicting experimentally stable allotropes: instability of penta-graphene
|
audiencein plethora allotropes none experimentally isolated. potentially experimentally viable. haeckelites carbon–containing pentagons heptagons “penta graphene consisting pentagons mixture coordinated atoms. projection appearing “cairo penta graphene elegant aesthetically pleasing. dispute author’s claims relevanc
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48160381"
] |
52996408
|
10.1016/j.jbankfin.2014.03.022
|
International audienceWe determine the events that cause large shocks in volatility of the DJIA index over the period 1928–2013, using a new semi-parametric test based on conditional heteroscedasticity models. We find that these large shocks can be associated with particular events (financial crashes, elections, wars, monetary policies, etc.). We show that some shocks are not identified as extraordinary movements by the investors due to their occurring during high volatility episodes, especially the 1929–1934, 1937–1938 and 2007–2011 periods
|
Large shocks in the volatility of the Dow Jones Industrial Average index: 1928–2013
|
large shocks in the volatility of the dow jones industrial average index: 1928–2013
|
audiencewe shocks volatility djia parametric conditional heteroscedasticity models. shocks crashes elections wars monetary policies etc. shocks extraordinary movements investors occurring volatility episodes
|
exact_dup
|
[
"50619330"
] |
53006800
|
10.1002/jgrb.50091
|
International audienceVolcanological processes, such as melt segregation, ascent and eruption are directly dependent on the rheological behaviour of magmatic suspensions. An increase of the crystal fraction of the suspension leads to the formation of a solid particle network which abruptly increases magma viscosity. The crystal fraction at which this rheological transition occurs depends on parameters such as the strain rate and the size, shape and sorting of particles. To determine the influence of the crystal shape on the rheological transition, suspensions of plagioclase, a representative anisometric crystal, have been investigated at high temperatures and pressures. Synthetic suspensions with crystal fractions (ϕs) ranging from 0.38 to 0.75 were deformed both in compression and torsion in a Paterson apparatus at 300 MPa, 900 and 800 °C, and for strain rates between 1.0 x 10-5 s-1 and 1.0 x 10-3 s-1. All suspensions exhibit a non-Newtonian shear thinning rheological behaviour. The experimental results, coupled with existing data and models at low crystal fractions (ϕs < 0.3), allow several rheological domains to be identified, from steady-state flow to strain weakening, each characterized by a specific microstructure. In particular, a progressive evolution from a pervasive to a strain partitioning fabric is found when increasing the crystal fraction. Our results highlight the influence of both the strain rate and the shape of crystals on the rheological behaviour of magmas. During crystallization, magmatic suspensions of anisometric minerals such as plagioclase would develop a solid particle network earlier (ϕs ~ 0.3) than suspensions of isometric minerals (ϕs ~ 0.5). Our study shows that localization of strain early in the crystallization history of mushy zones in the magma chamber, near the conduit margins and at the base of lava flows would facilitate the mobilisation, the transfer and the final emplacement at the surface of highly viscous, feldspar-rich magmas
|
The rheological transition in plagioclase-bearing magmas
|
the rheological transition in plagioclase-bearing magmas
|
audiencevolcanological melt segregation ascent eruption rheological magmatic suspensions. suspension abruptly magma viscosity. rheological sorting particles. rheological suspensions plagioclase anisometric pressures. synthetic suspensions fractions ranging deformed compression torsion paterson apparatus suspensions exhibit newtonian thinning rheological behaviour. fractions rheological steady weakening microstructure. progressive pervasive partitioning fabric fraction. highlight crystals rheological magmas. crystallization magmatic suspensions anisometric minerals plagioclase suspensions isometric minerals localization crystallization mushy zones magma chamber conduit margins lava flows facilitate mobilisation emplacement viscous feldspar magmas
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exact_dup
|
[
"52726593"
] |
53017090
|
10.1089/hum.2009.035
|
International audienceInterest has increased in the use of exogenous stem cells to optimize lung repair and serve as carriers of a therapeutic gene for genetic airway diseases such as cystic fibrosis. We investigated the survival and engraftment of exogenous stem cells after intratracheal injection, in a murine model of acute epithelial airway injury already used in gene therapy experiments on cystic fibrosis. Embryonic stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells were intratracheally injected 24 hr after 2% polidocanol administration, when epithelial airway injury was maximal. Stem cells were transfected with reporter genes immediately before administration. Reporter gene expression was analyzed in trachea-lungs and bronchoalveolar lavage, using nonfluorescence, quantitative, and sensitive methods. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay quantitative results showed that 0.4 to 5.5% of stem cells survived in the injured airway. Importantly, no stem cells survived in healthy airway or in the epithelial lining fluid. Using 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-beta-d-galactopyranoside staining, transduced mesenchymal stem cells were detected in injured trachea and bronchi lumen. When the epithelium was spontaneously regenerated, the in vivo amount of engrafted mesenchymal stem cells from cell lines decreased dramatically. No stem cells from primary culture were located within the lungs at 7 days. This study demonstrated the feasibility of intratracheal cell delivery for airway diseases with acute epithelial injury
|
Developing cell therapy techniques for respiratory disease: intratracheal delivery of genetically engineered stem cells in a murine model of airway injury.
:
Stem cell therapy for respiratory disease.
|
developing cell therapy techniques for respiratory disease: intratracheal delivery of genetically engineered stem cells in a murine model of airway injury. : stem cell therapy for respiratory disease.
|
audienceinterest exogenous optimize repair serve carriers therapeutic airway cystic fibrosis. engraftment exogenous intratracheal injection murine epithelial airway injury cystic fibrosis. embryonic mesenchymal intratracheally injected polidocanol administration epithelial airway injury maximal. transfected reporter immediately administration. reporter trachea lungs bronchoalveolar lavage nonfluorescence methods. enzyme immunosorbent survived injured airway. importantly survived healthy airway epithelial lining fluid. bromo chloro indolyl beta galactopyranoside staining transduced mesenchymal injured trachea bronchi lumen. epithelium spontaneously regenerated engrafted mesenchymal dramatically. lungs days. feasibility intratracheal delivery airway epithelial injury
|
exact_dup
|
[
"54026030"
] |
53160396
|
10.1002/chem.200901891
|
Abstract: This article describes 1) a methodology for the green synthesis of a class of methylammonium and methylphosphonium ionic liquids (ILs), 2) how to tune their acid–base properties by anion exchange, 3) complete neat-phase NMR spectroscopic characterisation of these materials and 4) their application as active organocatalysts for base-promoted carbon– carbon bond-forming reactions. Methylation of tertiary amines or phosphines with dimethyl carbonate leads to the formation of the halogen-free methyl-onium methyl carbonate salts, and these can be easily anion-exchanged to yield a range of derivatives with different melting points, solubility, acid–base properties, stability and viscosity. Treatment with water, in particular, yields bicarbonate-exchanged liquid onium salts. These proved strongly basic, enough to efficiently catalyse the Michael reaction; experiments suggest that in these systems the bicarbonate basicity is boosted by two orders of magnitude with respect to inorganic bicarbonate salts. These basic ionic liquids used in catalytic amounts are better even than traditional strong organic bases. The present work also introduces neat NMR spectroscopy of the ionic liquids as a probe for solute– solvent interactions as well as a tool for characterisation. Our studies show that high catalytic efficacy of functional ionic liquids can be achieved by integrating their green synthesis, along with a fine-tuning of their structure. Demonstrating that ionic liquid solvents can be made by a truly green procedure, and that their properties and reactivity can be tailored to the point of bridging the gap between their use as solvents and as catalysts. Keywords: dimethyl carbonate · green chemistry · ionic liquids · Michael addition · NMR spectroscop
|
Ionic Liquids Made with Dimethylcarbonate: Solvents as well as Boosted Basic Catalysts for the Michael Reaction
|
ionic liquids made with dimethylcarbonate: solvents as well as boosted basic catalysts for the michael reaction
|
describes methodology methylammonium methylphosphonium ionic liquids tune acid–base anion neat spectroscopic characterisation organocatalysts promoted carbon– bond forming reactions. methylation tertiary amines phosphines dimethyl carbonate halogen methyl onium methyl carbonate salts anion exchanged derivatives melting solubility acid–base viscosity. bicarbonate exchanged onium salts. proved efficiently catalyse michael bicarbonate basicity boosted orders inorganic bicarbonate salts. ionic liquids catalytic amounts traditional bases. introduces neat spectroscopy ionic liquids solute– solvent characterisation. catalytic efficacy ionic liquids integrating fine tuning structure. demonstrating ionic solvents truly reactivity tailored bridging solvents catalysts. keywords dimethyl carbonate ionic liquids michael spectroscop
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exact_dup
|
[
"41119837"
] |
53167847
|
10.1007/s12232-011-0143-8
|
Contemporary production activity is crucially determined by the performance of complex tasks with the characteristics of corporate trust games. In this paper, we outline a productivity paradox showing that, under reasonable conditions, the non cooperative solution, that yields a suboptimal firm output, is the equilibrium of corporate trust games when relational preferences are not sufficiently high. We show that tournaments and steeper pay for performance schemes may crowd out cooperation in presence of players preferences for relational goods. These findings help to explain firm investment in workers' relationships and the puzzle on the less than expected use of such schemes
|
Human resource management and productivity in the "Trust Game Corporation"
|
human resource management and productivity in the "trust game corporation"
|
contemporary crucially tasks corporate trust games. outline productivity paradox reasonable cooperative suboptimal firm corporate trust games relational preferences sufficiently high. tournaments steeper schemes crowd cooperation players preferences relational goods. firm investment workers puzzle schemes
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exact_dup
|
[
"41127304"
] |
53176548
|
10.1016/j.rie.2013.05.001
|
SFX Get it!(opens in a new window)|Entitled full text(opens in a new window)|View at Publisher|\ud
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Research in Economics\ud
Volume 67, Issue 3, September 2013, Pages 226-242\ud
Economic growth and poverty traps in sub-Saharan Africa: The role of education and TFP shocks (Article)\ud
\ud
Cazzavillan, G.a , Donadelli, M.b , Persha, L.c \ud
\ud
a Department of Economics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy\ud
b Department of Economics and Finance, LUISS Guido Carli, Viale Romania 32, 00197 Rome, Italy\ud
c Department of Geography, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, United States\ud
View references (37)\ud
Abstract\ud
\ud
This paper investigates the ". education-total factor productivity trade-off" in explaining income per worker differences between sub-Saharan (unlucky) and G7 (lucky) economies. First, we examine the dynamics of average years of schooling (i.e. education), capital per worker, income per worker, and total factor productivity (TFP) across sub-Saharan and G7 countries. We confirm that physical capital and education levels partially explain income per worker differences between lucky and unlucky economies. Second, we undertake a novel examination of the impact of technology shocks on income per worker, with the goal of understanding the role of technology variation in causing cross-country income per worker differences, and as a potential contributor to overall slow growth in the sub-Saharan region. In a vector autoregressive (VAR) framework, we show that the impact of ". ad hoc" TFP shocks on income per worker is larger in unlucky economies than in lucky ones. We observe that average TFP volatility in the "unlucky world" is eight times higher than in the "G7 world". We argue that the order of magnitude of the impact heavily depends on the level of the TFP volatility. Last, we suggest that the documented differences in the amount of physical capital and in the productivity of human capital between these two regions add conceptual support for the existence of poverty traps for sub-Saharan Africa
|
Economic growth and poverty traps in sub-Saharan Africa: The role of education and TFP shocks
|
economic growth and poverty traps in sub-saharan africa: the role of education and tfp shocks
|
opens window entitled opens window publisher export download more... economics september pages poverty traps saharan africa shocks cazzavillan donadelli persha economics foscari venice venice economics finance luiss guido carli viale romania rome geography carolina chapel hill investigates productivity trade explaining worker saharan unlucky lucky economies. examine schooling i.e. capital worker worker productivity saharan countries. confirm capital partially worker lucky unlucky economies. undertake examination shocks worker goal causing worker contributor slow saharan region. autoregressive shocks worker unlucky economies lucky ones. volatility unlucky eight argue heavily volatility. documented capital productivity capital conceptual poverty traps saharan africa
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exact_dup
|
[
"41136011"
] |
53180550
|
10.1007/s00216-014-7961-y
|
Amino acids represent a fraction of organic matter in marine and freshwater ecosystems, and a source of carbon, nitrogen and energy. l-Amino acids are the most common enantiomers in nature because these chiral forms are used during the biosynthesis of proteins and peptide. To the contrary, the occurrence of d-amino acids is usually linked to the presence of bacteria. We investigated the distribution of l- and d-amino acids in the lacustrine environment of Terra Nova Bay, Antarctica, in order to define their natural composition in this area and to individuate a possible relationship with primary production. A simultaneous chromatographic separation of 40 l- and d-amino acids was performed using a chiral stationary phase based on teicoplainin aglycone (chirobiotic tag). The chromatographic separation was coupled to two different mass spectrometers-an LTQ-Orbitrap XL (Thermo Fisher Scientific) and an API 4000 (ABSciex)-in order to investigate their quantitative performance. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry methods were evaluated through the estimation of their linear ranges, repeatability, accuracy and detection and quantification limits. The high-resolution mass spectrometer LTQ-Orbitrap XL presented detection limits between 0.4 and 7 mu g l (-1), while the triple quadrupole mass spectrometer API 4000 achieved the best detection limits reported in the literature for the quantification of amino acids (between 4 and 200 ng l (-1)). The most sensitive method, HPLC-API 4000, was applied to lake water samples
|
d- and l-amino acids in Antarctic lakes: assessment of a very sensitive HPLC-MS method
|
d- and l-amino acids in antarctic lakes: assessment of a very sensitive hplc-ms method
|
marine freshwater ecosystems nitrogen energy. enantiomers chiral biosynthesis peptide. contrary occurrence bacteria. lacustrine terra nova antarctica individuate production. simultaneous chromatographic chiral stationary teicoplainin aglycone chirobiotic chromatographic spectrometers orbitrap thermo fisher absciex performance. chromatography spectrometry ranges repeatability quantification limits. spectrometer orbitrap triple quadrupole spectrometer quantification hplc lake
|
exact_dup
|
[
"41140022"
] |
54023315
|
10.1016/j.talanta.2013.03.064
|
International audienceAutism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are a group of developmental disorders caused by environmental and genetic factors. Diagnosis is based on behavioral and developmental signs detected before 3 years of age with no reliable biological marker. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential use of a 2D NMR-based approach to express the global biochemical signature of autistic individuals compared to normal controls. This technique has greater spectral resolution than to 1D (1)H NMR spectroscopy, which is limited by overlapping signals. The urinary metabolic profiles of 30 autistic and 28 matched healthy children were obtained using a (1)H-(13)C NMR-based approach. The data acquired were processed by multivariate orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). Some discriminating metabolites were identified: β-alanine, glycine, taurine and succinate concentrations were significatively higher, and creatine and 3-methylhistidine concentrations were lower in autistic children than in controls. We also noted differences in several other metabolites that were unidentified but characterized by a cross peak correlation in (1)H-(13)C HSQC. Statistical models of (1)H and (1)H-(13)C analyses were compared and only 2D spectra allowed the characterization of statistically relevant changes [R(2)Y(cum)=0.78 and Q(2)(cum)=0.60] in the low abundance metabolites. This method has the potential to contribute to the diagnosis of neurodevelopment disorders but needs to be validated on larger cohorts and on other developmental disorders to define its specificity
|
1H-13C NMR-based urine metabolic profiling in autism spectrum disorders.
|
1h-13c nmr-based urine metabolic profiling in autism spectrum disorders.
|
audienceautism disorders developmental disorders factors. behavioral developmental signs reliable marker. express biochemical signature autistic controls. spectroscopy overlapping signals. urinary metabolic autistic matched healthy approach. acquired processed multivariate orthogonal squares discriminant opls discriminating metabolites alanine glycine taurine succinate significatively creatine methylhistidine autistic controls. metabolites unidentified hsqc. statistically abundance metabolites. neurodevelopment disorders validated cohorts developmental disorders specificity
|
exact_dup
|
[
"54023317"
] |
54025500
|
10.1016/j.jseaes.2010.09.007
|
International audienceThe South Liaodong Peninsula massif is the easternmost Mesozoic Metamorphic Core Complex, recognized in Eastern China. It provides a good example of the combination of ductile shearing, synkinematic plutonism and polyphase exhumation. The Jurassic granodioritic plutons, located at the footwall of the detachment normal fault, and dated here at ca 160 Ma, recorded two different phases of cooling. A slow cooling regime of about 3-10°C/my prevailing before 122 Ma, was followed by a significant increase in cooling rate of about 40-55°C/my after that time. By contrast, a single fast cooling path was recorded by the Cretaceous monzogranite situated in the footwall of the detachment normal fault. This result indicates that the Jurassic and Cretaceous plutons recorded different exhumation processes: a Jurassic slow or negligible exhumation and a Cretaceous fast one assisted by normal faulting. These two cooling stages correspond to distinct geodynamic processes during the Jurassic and Cretaceous. Extensional tectonics seems not significant before Early Cretaceous. The second stage, dominated by an extensional regime which develops after ca 120 Ma, is tentatively correlated to the lithosphere removal of the North China Craton
|
Cooling paths during the Mesozoic Extensional Tectonics of NE China: example from the South Liaodong Peninsula Metamorphic Core Complex
|
cooling paths during the mesozoic extensional tectonics of ne china: example from the south liaodong peninsula metamorphic core complex
|
audiencethe liaodong peninsula massif easternmost mesozoic metamorphic recognized eastern china. ductile shearing synkinematic plutonism polyphase exhumation. jurassic granodioritic plutons footwall detachment fault dated cooling. slow cooling prevailing cooling time. cooling cretaceous monzogranite situated footwall detachment fault. jurassic cretaceous plutons exhumation jurassic slow negligible exhumation cretaceous assisted faulting. cooling geodynamic jurassic cretaceous. extensional tectonics cretaceous. dominated extensional develops tentatively lithosphere removal craton
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52737002",
"52786386"
] |
54030303
|
10.1007/s10569-011-9377-8
|
International audienceCompared to the previous INPOP versions, the INPOP10a planetary and lunar ephemeris has several improvements. For the planets of our solar system, no big change was brought in the dynamics but improvements were implemented in the fitting process, the data sets used in the fit and in the selection of fitted parameters. We report here the main characteristics of the planetary part of INPOP10a like the fit of the product of the Solar mass with the gravitational constant (GM$_{\odot}$) instead of the astronomical unit. Determinations of PPN parameters as well as adjustments of the Sun J2 and of asteroid masses are also presented. New advances of nodes and perihelia of planets were also estimated and are given here. As for INPOP08, INPOP10a provides to the user, positions and velocities of the planets, the moon, the rotation angles of the Earth and the Moon as well as TT-TDB chebychev polynomials at http://www.imcce.fr/inpo
|
The INPOP10a planetary ephemeris and its applications in fundamental physics
|
the inpop10a planetary ephemeris and its applications in fundamental physics
|
audiencecompared inpop versions inpop planetary lunar ephemeris improvements. planets brought improvements implemented fitting fitted parameters. planetary inpop gravitational odot astronomical unit. determinations adjustments asteroid presented. advances perihelia planets here. inpop inpop velocities planets moon angles earth moon chebychev polynomials
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52659782",
"52709689"
] |
59036994
|
10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.225002
|
Record-breaking high power coherent radiation at a subterahertz frequency region from a gyrotron
utilizing second harmonic resonance modes was attained with a simple cavity. In order to aim at high
power and high frequency simultaneously, the oscillation mode was selected carefully enough to realize
stable radiation free from mode competition. The cavity radius was determined from the viewpoints of the
oscillation frequency, the coupling coefficient between the electron beam, and the rf-electric field. The
cavity length was also optimized for the highest perpendicular efficiency. In addition, a new electron gun
which is capable of generating a thin laminar beam for a large current was introduced. Consequently,
single mode second harmonic radiation with powers of 52 and 37 kW at frequencies of about 349 and
390 GHz, respectively, was achieved
|
Development of a Novel High Power Sub-THz Second Harmonic Gyrotron
|
development of a novel high power sub-thz second harmonic gyrotron
|
record breaking coherent subterahertz gyrotron utilizing harmonic attained cavity. simultaneously oscillation carefully realize competition. cavity viewpoints oscillation field. cavity optimized perpendicular efficiency. capable generating laminar introduced. harmonic powers
|
exact_dup
|
[
"61347036"
] |
61505577
|
10.1063/1.3157263
|
Producción CientíficaHeat capacities have been measured as a function of temperature for aluminum cluster anions with 35–70 atoms. Melting temperatures and latent heats are determined from peaks in the heat capacities; cohesive energies are obtained for solid clusters from the latent heats and dissociation energies determined for liquid clusters. The melting temperatures, latent heats, and cohesive energies for the aluminum cluster anions are compared to previous measurements for the corresponding cations. Density functional theory calculations have been performed to identify the global minimum energy geometries for the cluster anions. The lowest energy geometries fall into four main families: distorted decahedral fragments, fcc fragments, fcc fragments with stacking faults, and “disordered” roughly spherical structures. The comparison of the cohesive energies for the lowest energy geometries with the measured values allows us to interpret the size variation in the latent heats. Both geometric and electronic shell closings contribute to the variations in the cohesive energies (and latent heats), but structural changes appear to be mainly responsible for the large variations in the melting temperatures with cluster size. The significant charge dependence of the latent heats found for some cluster sizes indicates that the electronic structure can change substantially when the cluster melts
|
Electronic effects on melting: Comparison of aluminum cluster anions and cations
|
electronic effects on melting: comparison of aluminum cluster anions and cations
|
producción científicaheat capacities aluminum anions atoms. melting latent heats capacities cohesive latent heats dissociation clusters. melting latent heats cohesive aluminum anions cations. geometries anions. geometries fall families distorted decahedral fragments fragments fragments stacking faults “disordered” roughly spherical structures. cohesive geometries interpret latent heats. geometric closings cohesive latent heats melting size. latent heats sizes substantially melts
|
exact_dup
|
[
"188176927"
] |
75991451
|
10.1016/j.camwa.2014.04.009
|
Producción CientíficaIn this paper, an efficient numerical method for the approximation of a nonlinear size-structured population model is presented. The nonlinearity of the model is given by dependency on the environment through the consumption of a dynamical resource. We analyse the properties of the numerical scheme and optimal second-order convergence is derived. We report experiments with academical tests to demonstrate numerically the predicted accuracy of the scheme. The model is applied to solve a biological problem: the dynamics of an ectothermic population (the water flea, Daphnia magna). We analyse its long time evolution and describe the asymptotically stable steady states, both equilibria and limit cycles.Junta de Castilla y León (programa de apoyo a proyectos de investigación – Ref. VA191U13
|
Analysis of an efficient integrator for a size-structured population model with a dynamical resource
|
analysis of an efficient integrator for a size-structured population model with a dynamical resource
|
producción científicain structured presented. nonlinearity dependency resource. analyse derived. academical numerically scheme. solve ectothermic flea daphnia magna analyse asymptotically steady equilibria cycles.junta castilla león programa apoyo proyectos investigación ref.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"150209063"
] |
78494882
|
10.1016/j.gca.2016.11.015
|
Offshore western Svalbard plumes of gas bubbles rise from the seafloor at the landward limit of the gas hydrate stability zone (LLGHSZ; ∼400 m water depth). It is hypothesized that this methane may, in part, come from dissociation of gas hydrate in the underlying sediments in response to recent warming of ocean bottom waters. To evaluate the potential role of gas hydrate in the supply of methane to the shallow subsurface sediments, and the role of anaerobic oxidation in regulating methane fluxes across the sediment–seawater interface, we have characterised the chemical and isotopic compositions of the gases and sediment pore waters. The molecular and isotopic signatures of gas in the bubble plumes (C1/C2+ = 1 × 104; δ13C-CH4 = −55 to −51‰; δD-CH4 = −187 to −184‰) are similar to gas hydrate recovered from within sediments ∼30 km away from the LLGHSZ. Modelling of pore water sulphate profiles indicates that subsurface methane fluxes are largely at steady state in the vicinity of the LLGHSZ, providing no evidence for any recent change in methane supply due to gas hydrate dissociation. However, at greater water depths, within the GHSZ, there is some evidence that the supply of methane to the shallow sediments has recently increased, which is consistent with downslope retreat of the GHSZ due to bottom water warming although other explanations are possible. We estimate that the upward diffusive methane flux into shallow subsurface sediments close to the LLGHSZ is 30,550 mmol m−2 yr−1, but it is <20 mmol m−2 yr−1 in sediments further away from the seafloor bubble plumes. While anaerobic oxidation within the sediments prevents significant transport of dissolved methane into ocean bottom waters this amounts to less than 10% of the total methane flux (dissolved + gas) into the shallow subsurface sediments, most of which escapes AOM as it is transported in the gas phase
|
Methane in shallow subsurface sediments at the landward limit of the gas hydrate stability zone offshore western Svalbard
|
methane in shallow subsurface sediments at the landward limit of the gas hydrate stability zone offshore western svalbard
|
offshore svalbard plumes bubbles seafloor landward hydrate llghsz hypothesized methane come dissociation hydrate sediments warming ocean waters. hydrate supply methane shallow subsurface sediments anaerobic oxidation regulating methane fluxes sediment–seawater characterised isotopic compositions gases sediment pore waters. isotopic signatures bubble plumes hydrate recovered sediments away llghsz. pore sulphate subsurface methane fluxes largely steady vicinity llghsz methane supply hydrate dissociation. depths ghsz supply methane shallow sediments downslope retreat ghsz warming explanations possible. upward diffusive methane shallow subsurface sediments llghsz mmol mmol sediments away seafloor bubble plumes. anaerobic oxidation sediments prevents dissolved methane ocean waters amounts methane dissolved shallow subsurface sediments escapes transported
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exact_dup
|
[
"76973680"
] |
78495979
|
10.1016/j.trd.2016.04.007
|
This paper deals with the need of introducing biofuels for the use of the civil aviation sector, and the different possibilities of application of incentive mechanisms if the existing market conditions do not allow their direct commercialisation. After an introduction on the main features of the civil aviation impact on climate change, a historical review of the European Union regulations to promote the energy extraction from biological resources is presented. The different incentive policies around the world are revised and compared and some indications are offered on the most recommendable procedures that might be carried out in the near future
|
Study of the current incentive rules and mechanisms to promote biofuel use in the EU and their possible application to the civil aviation sector
|
study of the current incentive rules and mechanisms to promote biofuel use in the eu and their possible application to the civil aviation sector
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deals introducing biofuels civil aviation possibilities incentive commercialisation. civil aviation historical union regulations promote extraction presented. incentive policies revised indications offered recommendable
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exact_dup
|
[
"148682310"
] |
80526576
|
10.1088/0067-0049/218/2/30
|
Since interstellar detection of propenal is only based on two rotational transitions in the centimeter wave region, its high resolution rotational spectrum has been measured up to 660 GHz and fully characterized by assignment of more than 12,000 transitions to provide direct laboratory data to the astronomical community. Spectral assignments and analysis include transitions from the ground state of the trans and cis isomers, three trans-13C isotopologues, and ten excited vibrational states of the trans form. Combining new millimeter and submillimeter data with those from the far-infrared region has yielded the most precise set of spectroscopic constants of trans-propenal obtained to date. Newly determined rotational constants, centrifugal distortion constants, vibrational energies, and Coriolis and Fermi interaction constants are given with high accuracy and were used to predict transition frequencies and intensities over a wide frequency range. Results of this work should facilitate astronomers further observation of propenal in the interstellar medium
|
Comprehensive analysis of prebiotic propenal up to 660 GHz
|
comprehensive analysis of prebiotic propenal up to 660 ghz
|
interstellar propenal rotational centimeter rotational assignment astronomical community. assignments isomers isotopologues excited vibrational form. combining millimeter submillimeter infrared yielded precise spectroscopic propenal date. newly rotational centrifugal distortion vibrational coriolis fermi predict intensities range. facilitate astronomers propenal interstellar
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exact_dup
|
[
"196151467"
] |
80526602
|
10.1063/1.4876001
|
The rotational spectrum of the natural amino acid tryptophan has been observed for the first time
using a combination of laser ablation, molecular beams, and Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy.
Independent analysis of the rotational spectra of individual conformers has conducted to
a definitive identification of two different conformers of tryptophan, with one of the observed conformers
never reported before. The analysis of the 14N nuclear quadrupole coupling constants is of
particular significance since it allows discrimination between structures, thus providing structural
information on the orientation of the amino group. Both observed conformers are stabilized by an
O–H · · ·N hydrogen bond in the side chain and a N–H · · · π interaction forming a chain that reinforce
the strength of hydrogen bonds through cooperative effects
|
Rotational spectrum of tryptophan
|
rotational spectrum of tryptophan
|
rotational tryptophan ablation beams fourier transform microwave spectroscopy. rotational conformers definitive conformers tryptophan conformers never before. quadrupole discrimination group. conformers stabilized bond forming reinforce bonds cooperative
|
exact_dup
|
[
"196151474"
] |
80526786
|
10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00712
|
Producción CientíficaThe search for new and biocompatible materials with high potential for improvement is a challenge in gene delivery applications. A cell type specific vector made of elastin- like recombinamer (ELR) and aptamers has been specifically designed for the intracellular delivery of therapeutic material for breast cancer therapy. A lysine-enriched ELR was constructed and complexed with plasmid DNA to give positively charged and stable polyplexes. Physical character- ization of these polyplexes showed a particle size of around 140 nm and a zeta potential of approximately +40 mV. The
incorporation of MUC1-specific aptamers into the polyplexes resulted in a slight decrease in zeta potential but increased cell transfection specificity for MCF-7 breast cancer cells with respect to a MUC1-negative tumor line. After showing the transfection ability of this aptamer-ELR vector which is facilitated mainly by macropinocytosis uptake, we demonstrated its application for suicide gene therapy using a plasmid containing the gene of the toxin PAP-S. The strategy developed in this work about using ELR as polymeric vector and aptamers as supplier of specificity to deliver therapeutic material into MUC1-positive breast cancer cells shows promising potential and continues paving the way for ELRs in the biomedical field.Este trabajo forma parte de los Proyectos de Investigación financiados por la Comisión Europea a través del Fondo Social Europeo (FSE) y de la Consejería de Educación mediante el Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (ERDF), el MINECO (Proyectos MAT2013-41723-R, MAT2013-42473-R, PRI−PIBAR-2011-1403 y MAT2012-38043), la Junta de Castilla y León (Proyectos VA155A12, VA152A12, and VA244U13), el CIBER-BBN y el Instituto de Salud Carlos III mediante el Centro de Medicina Regenerativa y Terapia Celular de Castilla y León
|
Biocompatible ELR-Based Polyplexes Coated with MUC1 Specific Aptamers and Targeted for Breast Cancer Gene Therapy
|
biocompatible elr-based polyplexes coated with muc1 specific aptamers and targeted for breast cancer gene therapy
|
producción científicathe biocompatible challenge delivery applications. specific elastin recombinamer aptamers specifically intracellular delivery therapeutic breast therapy. lysine enriched complexed plasmid positively polyplexes. character ization polyplexes zeta incorporation specific aptamers polyplexes resulted slight zeta transfection specificity breast line. transfection aptamer facilitated macropinocytosis uptake suicide plasmid toxin polymeric aptamers supplier specificity deliver therapeutic breast promising continues paving elrs biomedical trabajo forma parte proyectos investigación financiados comisión europea través fondo europeo consejería educación mediante fondo europeo desarrollo erdf mineco proyectos pri−pibar junta castilla león proyectos ciber instituto salud carlos mediante centro medicina regenerativa terapia celular castilla león
|
exact_dup
|
[
"150211532"
] |
82350069
|
10.1016/j.ajhg.2015.02.009
|
We conducted a large-scale genetic analysis on giant cell arteritis (GCA), a polygenic immune-mediated vasculitis. A case-control cohort, comprising 1,651 case subjects with GCA and 15,306 unrelated control subjects from six different countries of European ancestry, was genotyped by the Immunochip array. We also imputed HLA data with a previously validated imputation method to perform a more comprehensive analysis of this genomic region. The strongest association signals were observed in the HLA region, with rs477515 representing the highest peak (p = 4.05 × 10−40, OR = 1.73). A multivariate model including class II amino acids of HLA-DRβ1 and HLA-DQα1 and one class I amino acid of HLA-B explained most of the HLA association with GCA, consistent with previously reported associations of classical HLA alleles like HLA-DRB1∗04. An omnibus test on polymorphic amino acid positions highlighted DRβ1 13 (p = 4.08 × 10−43) and HLA-DQα1 47 (p = 4.02 × 10−46), 56, and 76 (both p = 1.84 × 10−45) as relevant positions for disease susceptibility. Outside the HLA region, the most significant loci included PTPN22 (rs2476601, p = 1.73 × 10−6, OR = 1.38), LRRC32 (rs10160518, p = 4.39 × 10−6, OR = 1.20), and REL (rs115674477, p = 1.10 × 10−5, OR = 1.63). Our study provides evidence of a strong contribution of HLA class I and II molecules to susceptibility to GCA. In the non-HLA region, we confirmed a key role for the functional PTPN22 rs2476601 variant and proposed other putative risk loci for GCA involved in Th1, Th17, and Treg cell function
|
A Large-Scale Genetic Analysis Reveals a Strong Contribution of the HLA Class II Region to Giant Cell Arteritis Susceptibility
|
a large-scale genetic analysis reveals a strong contribution of the hla class ii region to giant cell arteritis susceptibility
|
giant arteritis polygenic immune vasculitis. cohort comprising unrelated ancestry genotyped immunochip array. imputed validated imputation comprehensive genomic region. strongest representing multivariate associations alleles omnibus polymorphic highlighted susceptibility. loci ptpn lrrc susceptibility gca. confirmed ptpn variant putative loci treg
|
exact_dup
|
[
"54010713"
] |
82917866
|
10.1002/wcc.283
|
As many countries, regions, cities, and states implement emissions trading policies to limit CO2 emissions, they turn to the European Union's experience with its emissions trading scheme since 2005. As a prominent example of a regional carbon pricing policy, it has attracted significant attention from scholars interested in evaluating the effectiveness and impacts of emissions trading. Among the key difficulties faced by researchers is isolating the effect of the EU ETS on industry operation, investment, and pricing decisions from other dominant factors such as the financial crisis, and establishing credible counterfactual scenarios against this backdrop. This article reviews the evidence, focusing on two intended effects (emissions abatement and investment in low-carbon technologies) as well as two side-effects (profits and price impacts). We find that the EU ETS cut CO2 emissions by 40-80 million t/year on average, or 2-4% of the total capped, while the evidence on innovation and investment impacts is inconclusive. There is strong empirical support for cost-pass through in electricity (20-100%), in diesel and gasoline (>50%), and some preliminary evidence of pricing power in other industrial sectors. Windfall profits have amounted to billions of Euros, and concentrated in a few large companies
|
The effects and side-effects of the EU emissions trading scheme
|
the effects and side-effects of the eu emissions trading scheme
|
cities implement trading policies union trading prominent pricing attracted scholars interested evaluating effectiveness impacts trading. difficulties faced researchers isolating investment pricing decisions crisis establishing credible counterfactual scenarios backdrop. reviews focusing intended abatement investment technologies profits impacts million capped innovation investment impacts inconclusive. pass electricity diesel gasoline preliminary pricing industrial sectors. windfall profits amounted billions euros concentrated companies
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exact_dup
|
[
"20542933"
] |
84139324
|
10.1080/01441647.2015.1041435
|
Attempts to integrate sustainability in the decision-making process for transport infrastructure\ud
projects continue to gain momentum. A number of tools and methodological frameworks\ud
are available — such as rating systems, traditional decision-making techniques, checklists, and\ud
different evaluation frameworks and models. While these tools are highly valuable, some practical\ud
issues remain unsolved. There is also a need for more standardized tools to appraise the sustainability\ud
of transport projects. This paper is a presentation of a review on the current assessment tools of sustainability\ud
applied to transport infrastructure projects. The preliminary part of the paper is an explanatory\ud
and comparative analysis of the tools and methods in terms of their effectiveness to appraise\ud
sustainability. The analysis is a critical evaluation of the current state of the art to identify the limitations\ud
of existing approaches, point out new areas of research, and propose a sustainability appraisal\ud
agenda for the future
|
Sustainability assessment of transport infrastructure projects: a review of existing tools and methods
|
sustainability assessment of transport infrastructure projects: a review of existing tools and methods
|
attempts integrate sustainability infrastructure projects continue momentum. methodological frameworks rating traditional checklists frameworks models. valuable practical unsolved. standardized appraise sustainability projects. presentation sustainability infrastructure projects. preliminary explanatory comparative effectiveness appraise sustainability. limitations propose sustainability appraisal agenda
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148688149"
] |
11308477
|
10.1016/S0010-8545(01)00366-6
|
The application of deuteriation of both ligands and solvents on the photophysical properties of transition metal complexes in solution and glassy matrices is reviewed. The reduction in amplitude and frequency of vibrational modes due to deuterium's increased mass, relative to hydrogen, has a significant effect on non-radiative deactivation processes, which can occur through both intra- and inter-molecular vibrational coupling. The effect of deuteriation on excited state lifetimes has allowed for its application in probing the nature of excited state decay processes. The effects of isotopic exchange on vibrational spectroscopies such as resonance Raman and low temperature high-resolution emission spectroscopies are also addressed briefly
|
The effect of deuteriation on the emission lifetime of inorganic compounds
|
the effect of deuteriation on the emission lifetime of inorganic compounds
|
deuteriation ligands solvents photophysical complexes glassy reviewed. vibrational deuterium radiative deactivation intra vibrational coupling. deuteriation excited lifetimes probing excited processes. isotopic vibrational spectroscopies raman spectroscopies addressed briefly
|
exact_dup
|
[
"147596940"
] |
11310176
|
10.1016/S0360-1315(02)00100-8
|
The state of the art in information technology and educational technologies is evolving constantly.\ud
Courses taught are subject to constant change from organisational and subject-specific reasons. Evolution\ud
and change affect educators and developers of computer-based teaching and learning environments alike –\ud
both often being unprepared to respond effectively. A large number of educational systems are designed\ud
and developed without change and evolution in mind. We will present our approach to the design and\ud
maintenance of these systems in rapidly evolving environments and illustrate the consequences of evolution\ud
and change for these systems and for the educators and developers responsible for their implementation and\ud
deployment. We discuss various factors of change, illustrated by a Web-based virtual course, with the\ud
objective of raising an awareness of this issue of evolution and change in computer-supported teaching and\ud
learning environments. This discussion leads towards the establishment of a development and management\ud
framework for teaching and learning systems
|
Managing evolution and change in web-based teaching and learning environments
|
managing evolution and change in web-based teaching and learning environments
|
educational technologies evolving constantly. courses taught organisational reasons. educators developers teaching environments alike unprepared respond effectively. educational mind. maintenance rapidly evolving environments illustrate consequences educators developers deployment. illustrated virtual raising awareness teaching environments. establishment teaching
|
exact_dup
|
[
"147600813"
] |
11310579
|
10.1007/978-3-642-15666-3_3
|
The quality of the software development process directly affects the quality of the software product. To be successful, software development organisations must respond to changes in technology and business circumstances, and therefore software process improvement (SPI) is required. SPI activity relates to any modification that is performed to the software process in order to improve an aspect of the process. Although multiple process assessments could be employed to examine SPI activity, they present an inefficient tool for such an examination. This paper presents an overview of a new survey-based resource that utilises the process reference model in ISO/IEC 12207 in order to expressly and directly determine the level of SPI activity in a software development organisation. This survey instrument can be used by practitioners, auditors and researchers who are interested in determining the extent of SPI activity in an organisation
|
Harnessing ISO/IEC 12207 to examine the extent of SPI activity in an organisation
|
harnessing iso/iec 12207 to examine the extent of spi activity in an organisation
|
affects product. successful organisations respond circumstances required. relates modification aspect process. assessments examine inefficient examination. presents overview resource utilises expressly organisation. instrument practitioners auditors researchers interested determining organisation
|
exact_dup
|
[
"147601573"
] |
11310906
|
10.1007/s10791-012-9207-y
|
Concept based video retrieval often relies on imperfect and uncertain concept detectors. We propose a general ranking framework to define effective and robust ranking functions, through explicitly addressing detector uncertainty. It can cope with multiple concept-based representations per video segment and it allows the re-use of effective text retrieval functions which are defined on similar representations. The final ranking status value is a weighted combination of two components: the expected score of the possible scores, which represents the risk-neutral choice, and the scores’ standard deviation, which represents the risk or opportunity that the score for the actual representation is higher. The framework consistently improves the search performance in the shot retrieval task and the segment retrieval task over several baselines in five TRECVid collections and two collections which use simulated detectors of varying performance
|
The uncertain representation ranking framework for concept-based video retrieval
|
the uncertain representation ranking framework for concept-based video retrieval
|
video retrieval relies imperfect uncertain detectors. propose ranking robust ranking explicitly addressing uncertainty. cope representations video segment retrieval representations. ranking weighted neutral scores’ opportunity higher. consistently improves shot retrieval segment retrieval baselines trecvid collections collections detectors
|
exact_dup
|
[
"147602451"
] |
11901766
|
10.1016/j.pocean.2011.07.017
|
Extremely low summer sea-ice coverage in the Arctic Ocean in 2007 allowed extensive sampling and a wide quasi-synoptic hydrographic and δ18O dataset could be collected in the Eurasian Basin and the Makarov Basin up to the Alpha Ridge and the East Siberian continental margin. With the aim of determining the origin of freshwater in the halocline, fractions of river water and sea-ice meltwater in the upper 150 m were quantified by a combination of salinity and δ18O in the Eurasian Basin. Two methods, applying the preformed phosphate concentration (PO*) and the nitrate-to-phosphate ratio (N/P), were compared to further differentiate the marine fraction into Atlantic and Pacific-derived contributions. While PO*-based assessments systematically underestimate the contribution of Pacific-derived waters, N/P-based calculations overestimate Pacific-derived waters within the Transpolar Drift due to denitrification in bottom sediments at the Laptev Sea continental margin.\ud
Within the Eurasian Basin a west to east oriented front between net melting and production of sea-ice is observed. Outside the Atlantic regime dominated by net sea-ice melting, a pronounced layer influenced by brines released during sea-ice formation is present at about 30 to 50 m water depth with a maximum over the Lomonosov Ridge. The geographically distinct definition of this maximum demonstrates the rapid release and transport of signals from the shelf regions in discrete pulses within the Transpolar Drift.\ud
The ratio of sea-ice derived brine influence and river water is roughly constant within each layer of the Arctic Ocean halocline. The correlation between brine influence and river water reveals two clusters that can be assigned to the two main mechanisms of sea-ice formation within the Arctic Ocean. Over the open ocean or in polynyas at the continental slope where relatively small amounts of river water are found, sea-ice formation results in a linear correlation between brine influence and river water at salinities of about 32 to 34. In coastal polynyas in the shallow regions of the Laptev Sea and southern Kara Sea, sea-ice formation transports river water into the shelf’s bottom layer due to the close proximity to the river \ud
mouths. This process therefore results in waters that form a second linear correlation between brine influence and river water at salinities of about 30 to 32. Our study indicates which layers of the Arctic Ocean halocline are primarily influenced by sea-ice formation in coastal polynyas and which layers are primarily influenced by sea-ice formation over the open ocean. Accordingly we use the ratio of sea-ice derived brine influence and river water to link the maximum in brine influence within the Transpolar Drift with a pulse of shelf waters from the Laptev Sea that was likely released in summer 2005
|
Origin of freshwater and polynya water in the Arctic Ocean halocline in summer 2007
|
origin of freshwater and polynya water in the arctic ocean halocline in summer 2007
|
extremely summer coverage arctic ocean extensive quasi synoptic hydrographic dataset eurasian basin makarov basin alpha ridge east siberian continental margin. determining freshwater halocline fractions river meltwater quantified salinity eurasian basin. preformed phosphate nitrate phosphate differentiate marine atlantic pacific contributions. assessments systematically underestimate pacific waters overestimate pacific waters transpolar drift denitrification sediments laptev continental margin. eurasian basin west east oriented front melting observed. atlantic dominated melting pronounced influenced brines released lomonosov ridge. geographically demonstrates shelf pulses transpolar drift. brine river roughly arctic ocean halocline. brine river reveals assigned arctic ocean. ocean polynyas continental amounts river brine river salinities coastal polynyas shallow laptev southern kara transports river shelf’s proximity river mouths. waters brine river salinities arctic ocean halocline primarily influenced coastal polynyas primarily influenced ocean. accordingly brine river brine transpolar drift shelf waters laptev released summer
|
exact_dup
|
[
"386110"
] |
11923249
|
10.1016/j.shpsb.2011.12.002
|
In this paper I critically review the long history of attempts to formulate and derive the geodesic principle, which claims that massive bodies follow geodesic paths in general relativity theory. I argue that if the principle is (canonically) interpreted as a dynamical law of motion describing the actual evolution of gravitating bodies as endorsed by Einstein, then it is impossible to apply the law to massive bodies in a way that is coherent with his own field equations. Rejecting this canonical interpretation, I propose an alternative interpretation of the geodesic principle as a type of universality thesis analogous to the universality behavior exhibited in thermal systems during phase transitions
|
Proving the Principle: Taking Geodesic Dynamics too Seriously in Einstein's Theory
|
proving the principle: taking geodesic dynamics too seriously in einstein's theory
|
critically attempts formulate derive geodesic claims massive bodies geodesic paths relativity theory. argue canonically interpreted describing gravitating bodies endorsed einstein impossible massive bodies coherent equations. rejecting canonical propose geodesic universality thesis analogous universality exhibited
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148349482"
] |
11991885
|
10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.178302
|
An increase in the rates of activated processes with the coupling to the solvent has long been predicted through the phenomenological Langevin equation in the weak coupling regime. However, its direct observation in particle-based models has been elusive because the coupling typically places the processes in the spacial-diffusion limited regime wherein rates decrease with increasing friction. In this work, the forward and backward reaction rates of the LiNC Ð LiCN isomerization reaction in a bath of argon atoms at various densities have been calculated directly using molecular dynamics trajectories. The so-called Kramers turnover in the rate with microscopic friction is clearly visible, thus providing direct and unambiguous evidence for the energy-diffusion regime in which rates increase with friction
|
Solvent-Induced Acceleration of the Rate of Activation of a Molecular Reaction
|
solvent-induced acceleration of the rate of activation of a molecular reaction
|
solvent phenomenological langevin regime. elusive places spacial wherein friction. backward linc licn isomerization bath argon densities trajectories. kramers turnover microscopic friction visible unambiguous friction
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148653271"
] |
11995947
|
10.1063/1.3494273
|
As discharge duration increases, real-time complex analysis of the signal becomes more important. In this context, data acquisition and processing systems must provide models for designing experiments which use event oriented plasma control. One example of advanced data analysis is signal classification. The off-line statistical analysis of a large number of discharges provides information to develop algorithms for the determination of the plasma parameters from measurements of magnetohydrodinamic waves, for example, to detect density fluctuations induced by the Alfvén cascades using morphological patterns. The need to apply different algorithms to the signals and to address different processing algorithms using the previous results necessitates the use of an event-based experiment. The Intelligent Test and Measurement System platform is an example of architecture designed to implement distributed data acquisition and real-time processing systems. The processing algorithm sequence is modeled using an event-based paradigm. The adaptive capacity of this model is based on the logic defined by the use of state machines in SCXML. The Intelligent Test and Measurement System platform mixes a local multiprocessing model with a distributed deployment of services based on Jini
|
Event Recognition Using Signal Spectrograms in Long Pulse Experiments
|
event recognition using signal spectrograms in long pulse experiments
|
discharge important. acquisition designing oriented control. advanced classification. discharges magnetohydrodinamic detect alfvén cascades morphological patterns. necessitates experiment. intelligent platform architecture implement acquisition systems. modeled paradigm. adaptive logic machines scxml. intelligent platform mixes multiprocessing deployment jini
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148657348"
] |
12001180
|
10.1002/pip.844
|
This paper details an investigation into the appearance of hot-spots in two large grid-connected photovoltaics (PV) plants, which were detected after the visual inspection of trackers whose energy output was decreasing at anomalous rate. Detected hot-spots appeared not only in the solar cells but also in resistive solder bonds (RSB) between cells and contact ribbons. Both types cause similar irreversible damage to the PV modules, but the latter are the main responsible for the detected decrease in energy output, which was confirmed in an experimental testing campaign. The results of this investigation, for example, how hot-spots were detected or their impact on the output power of PV modules, may be of interest for the routine maintenance of large grid-connected PV plants
|
An investigation into hot-spots in two large grid-connected PV plants
|
an investigation into hot-spots in two large grid-connected pv plants
|
appearance spots photovoltaics inspection trackers decreasing anomalous rate. spots appeared resistive solder bonds ribbons. irreversible modules confirmed campaign. spots modules routine maintenance
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148662496"
] |
12002038
|
10.1016/0895-7177(91)90050-H
|
This paper introduces the p-adaptive version of the boundary element method as a natural extension of the homonymous finite element approach. After a brief introduction to adaptive techniques through their finite element formulation in elastostatics, the concepts are cast into the boundary element environment. Thus, the p-adaptive version of boundary integral methods is shown to be a generalization of already well known ideas. In order to show the power of these numerical procedures, the results of two practical analysis using both methods are presented
|
The P-Adaptive BIEM Version in Elastostatics
|
the p-adaptive biem version in elastostatics
|
introduces adaptive homonymous approach. brief adaptive formulation elastostatics concepts cast environment. adaptive generalization ideas. practical
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148663530"
] |
132345845
|
10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.09.064
|
Producción CientíficaThis work presents a comparative study of the electrochemical behaviour, on a glassy carbon electrode, of dissolved EuCl3 in two chlorobasic ionic liquids, the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, C2mimCl, and the 1-buthyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, C4mimCl, over the temperature ranges 363–398 K and 343–363 K respectively. In both media, the electro-reduction of EuCl63 − takes place via only one electrochemical step EuCl63 −/EuCl64 −. The electrochemical system EuCl64 −/Eu(0) has not been observed within the electrochemical window of both ILs, due to the prior reduction of the respective imidazolium cation from the solvents, which inhibits the electro-extraction of Eu(0) from the media on the GC electrode.
The paper describes how several electrochemical techniques (e.g. cyclic voltammetry (CV), convolutive potential sweep voltammetry (CPSV), steady state voltammetry (SSV), chronopotentiometry (CP) and chronoamperometry (CA)) have been used experimentally: i) verifying assumptions used in their theoretical analysis, and ii) ensuring reproducible conditions at the electrode/electrolyte interface, with the aim to obtain high-precision measurements of the diffusion coefficient of EuCl63 −. In order to know if there are discrepancies between the obtained data, a two-way analysis of variance, ANOVA, has been carried out. The analysis has shown that with a 95% confidence level there are no significant differences between the diffusion coefficients obtained by the different techniques. On the other hand, the diffusion coefficient of EuCl63 − increases with the temperature following the Arrhenius law, being the activation energy for diffusion 40.4 ± 2.6 and 60.2 ± 1.8 kJ mol− 1 in C2mimCl and C4mimCl respectively. The dimensionless Schmidt numbers, defined as the ratio between solvent viscosity and solute diffusivity (Sc = ν/D), have also been calculated to characterise the solute global mass transport through its environment.
On the GC electrode, the electro-reduction of EuCl63 − to EuCl64 − is a quasi-reversible process. Accurate values of the kinetic parameters (i.e. the intrinsic rate constant of charge transfer, k0, and the charge transfer coefficient, α), as well as the reversible half wave potential, Er1/2, have been obtained for the first time in the mentioned ionic liquids, by simulation of the cyclic voltammograms and logarithmic analysis of the voltammograms and convoluted curvesJunta de Castilla y León, VA171U1
|
A comparative study of the cathodic behaviour of EuCl3 in two imidazolium chloride ionic liquids, the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium (C4mimCl) and the 1-ethyl-3methylimidazolium (C2mimCl), on a glassy carbon electrode.
|
a comparative study of the cathodic behaviour of eucl3 in two imidazolium chloride ionic liquids, the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium (c4mimcl) and the 1-ethyl-3methylimidazolium (c2mimcl), on a glassy carbon electrode.
|
producción científicathis presents comparative electrochemical glassy electrode dissolved eucl chlorobasic ionic liquids ethyl methylimidazolium chloride mimcl buthyl methylimidazolium chloride mimcl ranges respectively. electro eucl electrochemical eucl eucl electrochemical eucl electrochemical window respective imidazolium cation solvents inhibits electro extraction electrode. describes electrochemical e.g. cyclic voltammetry convolutive sweep voltammetry cpsv steady voltammetry chronopotentiometry chronoamperometry experimentally verifying assumptions ensuring reproducible electrode electrolyte precision eucl discrepancies anova out. confidence techniques. eucl arrhenius mol− mimcl mimcl respectively. dimensionless schmidt solvent viscosity solute diffusivity characterise solute environment. electrode electro eucl eucl quasi reversible process. i.e. intrinsic reversible ionic liquids cyclic voltammograms logarithmic voltammograms convoluted curvesjunta castilla león
|
exact_dup
|
[
"196151751"
] |
143692828
|
10.1080/21681163.2014.913990
|
Rib cage 3D reconstruction is an important prerequisite for thoracic spine modelling, particularly for studies of the deformed thorax in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. This study proposes a new method for rib cage 3D reconstruction from biplanar radiographs, using a statistical parametric model approach.
Simplified parametric models were defined at the hierarchical levels of rib cage surface, rib midline and rib surface, and applied on a database of 86 trunks. The resulting parameter database served to statistical models learning which were used to quickly provide a first estimate of the reconstruction from identifications on both radiographs. This solution was then refined by manual adjustments in order to improve the matching between model and image. Accuracy was assessed by comparison with 29 rib cages from CT scans in terms of geometrical parameter differences and in terms of line-to-line error distance between the rib midlines. Intra and inter-observer reproducibility were determined regarding 20 scoliotic patients.
The first estimate (mean reconstruction time of 2’30) was sufficient to extract the main rib cage global parameters with a 95% confidence interval lower than 7%, 8%, 2% and 4° for rib cage volume, antero-posterior and lateral maximal diameters and maximal rib hump, respectively. The mean error distance was 5.4 mm (max 35mm) down to 3.6 mm (max 24 mm) after the manual adjustment step (+3’30).
The proposed method will improve developments of rib cage finite element modeling and evaluation of clinical outcomes.This work was funded by Paris Tech BiomecAM chair on subject specific muscular skeletal modeling, and we express our acknowledgments to the chair founders: Cotrel foundation, Société générale, Protéor Company and COVEA consortium. We extend your acknowledgements to Alina Badina for medical imaging data, Alexandre Journé for his advices, and Thomas Joubert for his technical support
|
3D reconstruction of ribcage geometry from biplanar radiographs using a statistical parametric model approach
|
3d reconstruction of ribcage geometry from biplanar radiographs using a statistical parametric model approach
|
cage reconstruction prerequisite thoracic spine deformed thorax adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. proposes cage reconstruction biplanar radiographs parametric approach. simplified parametric hierarchical cage midline trunks. served quickly reconstruction identifications radiographs. refined manual adjustments matching image. cages scans geometrical midlines. intra observer reproducibility scoliotic patients. reconstruction extract cage confidence cage antero posterior lateral maximal diameters maximal hump respectively. manual adjustment developments cage outcomes.this funded paris tech biomecam chair muscular skeletal express acknowledgments chair founders cotrel foundation société générale protéor company covea consortium. extend acknowledgements alina badina alexandre journé advices thomas joubert
|
exact_dup
|
[
"29137492"
] |
143693079
|
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2010.02.023
|
The authors are grateful to FONDERIE MESSIER (HONSEL group) that provided the as-cast magnesium alloy workpieces. The authors would like also to acknowledge the technical support of Dr. Morraru of the IMS Laboratory, ARTS ET MÉTIERS PARISTECH, Aix En Provence, France.In this paper, a three-dimensional finite element model is developed to simulate thermal history magnesium-based alloys during laser beam welding. Space–time temperature distributions in weldments are predicted from the beginning of welding to the final cooling. The finite element calculations were performed using Cast3M code with which the heat equation is solved considering a non-linear transient behaviour. The applied loading is a moving heat source that depends on process parameters such as power density, laser beam dimensions and welding speed, and it is associated to moving boundary conditions. Experiments were carried out to determine temperature evolution during welding and to measure the laser weld width. By comparing the thermal model answers with the measurements, it is found that numerical simulations results are in a good agreement with the experimental data
|
Finite element simulation of magnesium alloys laser beam welding
|
finite element simulation of magnesium alloys laser beam welding
|
grateful fonderie messier honsel cast magnesium alloy workpieces. acknowledge morraru arts métiers paristech provence france.in simulate magnesium alloys welding. space–time weldments beginning welding cooling. cast solved transient behaviour. loading moving welding moving conditions. welding weld width. answers
|
exact_dup
|
[
"29137618"
] |
143695301
|
10.1063/1.3457539
|
With a view to environmental, economic and safety concerns, car manufacturers need to design lighter and safer vehicles in ever shorter development times. In recent years, High Strength Steels (HSS) like Interstitial Free (IF) steels which have higher ratios of yield strength to elastic modulus, are increasingly used for sheet metal parts in automotive industry to meet the demands. Moreover, the application of sheet metal forming simulations has proven to be beneficial to reduce tool costs in the design stage and to optimize current processes. The Finite Element Method (FEM) is quite successful to simulate metal forming processes but accuracy largely depends on the quality of the material properties provided as input to the material model. Common phenomenological models roughly consist in the fitting of functions on experimental results and do not provide any predictive character for different metals from the same grade. Therefore, the use of accurate plasticity models based on physics would increase predictive capability, reduce parameter identification cost and allow for robust and time-effective finite element simulations. For this purpose, a 3D physically based model at large strain with dislocation density evolution approach was presented in IDDRG2009 by the authors [1]. This model allows the description of work-hardening's behavior for different loading paths (i.e. uni-axial tensile, simple shear and Bauschinger tests) taking into account several data from microstructure (i.e. grain size, texture, etc...). The originality of this model consists in the introduction of microstructure data in a classical phenomenological model in order to achieve work-hardening's predictive character for different metals from the same grade. Indeed, thanks to a microstructure parameter set for an Interstitial Free steel, it is possible to describe work-hardening behavior for different loading paths of other IF steels by only changing the mean grain size and the chemical composition. During sheet metal forming processes local material points may experience multi-axial and multi-path loadings. Before simulating actual industrial parts, automotive manufacturers use validation tools - e.g. the Cross-Die stamping test. Such typical stamping tests enable the evaluation of a complex distribution of strains. The work described is an implementation [2] of a 3D dislocation based model in ABAQUS/Explicit and its validation on a Finite Element (FE) Cross-Die model. In order to assess the performance and relevance of the 3D dislocation based model in the simulation of industrial forming applications, the results of thinning profiles predicted along several directions and the strain distribution were obtained and compared with experimental results for IF steels with grain sizes varying in the 8-22 μm value range.Cifre Renaul
|
Application of a dislocation based model for Interstitial Free (IF) steels to typical stamping simulations
|
application of a dislocation based model for interstitial free (if) steels to typical stamping simulations
|
concerns manufacturers lighter safer vehicles ever shorter times. steels interstitial steels elastic modulus increasingly sheet automotive meet demands. sheet forming proven beneficial optimize processes. successful simulate forming largely model. phenomenological roughly consist fitting predictive character metals grade. plasticity predictive capability robust simulations. physically dislocation iddrg hardening loading paths i.e. axial tensile bauschinger microstructure i.e. grain texture etc... originality microstructure phenomenological hardening predictive character metals grade. thanks microstructure interstitial steel hardening loading paths steels changing grain composition. sheet forming axial loadings. simulating industrial automotive manufacturers validation e.g. stamping test. stamping enable strains. dislocation abaqus validation model. relevance dislocation industrial forming thinning directions steels grain sizes range.cifre renaul
|
exact_dup
|
[
"43610255"
] |
144013021
|
10.1002/elan.200603591
|
The electrochemical behavior of the antileukemia drug glivec was investigated at a glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The oxidation is a complex, pH-dependent, irreversible electrode process involving the transfer of 2 electrons and 2 protons and the formation of an electroactive product, Pglivec, which strongly adsorbs on the GCE surface and undergoes reversible oxidation. The adsorption of Pglivec at the GCE surface yields a compact monolayer that inhibits further oxidation of glivec. The electrochemical reduction is a simple pH dependent irreversible process involving the transfer of 2 electrons and 2 protons and occurs with the formation of a nonelectroactive product. The diffusion coefficient of glivec was calculated to be DO=7.35×10-6 cm2 s-1 in pH 4.5 0.1 M acetate buffer.http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.20060359
|
Voltammetric Behavior of Antileukemia Drug Glivec. Part I - Electrochemical Study of Glivec
|
voltammetric behavior of antileukemia drug glivec. part i - electrochemical study of glivec
|
electrochemical antileukemia glivec glassy electrode oxidation irreversible electrode involving protons electroactive pglivec adsorbs undergoes reversible oxidation. adsorption pglivec monolayer inhibits oxidation glivec. electrochemical irreversible involving protons nonelectroactive product. glivec acetate buffer. elan.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"19125535"
] |
147600777
|
10.1007/11788034_1
|
Object-based retrieval is a modality for video retrieval based on segmenting objects from video and allowing end-users to use these objects as part of querying. This uses similarity between query objects and objects appearing in the video, and in theory allows retrieval based on what is actually appearing on-screen. We conducted an empirical\ud
TRECVid-like evaluation of object-based search in an interactive search experiment with 24 search topics and 16 users each performing 12 search tasks on 50 hours of video. This was done in an attempt to measure the impact of object-based search on annotation-free video where text from\ud
automatic speech recognition (ASR), from video OCR, or from closed captions is not available
|
Interactive experiments in object-based retrieval
|
interactive experiments in object-based retrieval
|
retrieval modality video retrieval segmenting video allowing querying. similarity query appearing video retrieval appearing screen. trecvid interactive topics performing tasks video. attempt annotation video automatic speech recognition video captions
|
exact_dup
|
[
"11310161"
] |
148652956
|
10.1016/j.solener.2009.08.008
|
The energy produced by a photovoltaic system over a given period can be estimated from the incident radiation at the site where the Grid Connected PV System (GCPVS) is located, assuming knowledge of certain basic features of the system under study. Due to the inherently stochastic nature of solar radiation, the question “How much energy will a GCPVS produce at this location over the next few years?” involves an exercise of prediction inevitably subjected to a degree of uncertainty. Moreover, during the life cycle of the GCPVS, another question arises: “Is the system working correctly?”. This paper proposes and examines several methods to cope with these questions. The daily performance of a PV system is simulated. This simulation and the interannual variability of both radiation and productivity are statistically analyzed. From the results several regression adjustments are obtained. This analysis is shown to be useful both for productivity prediction and performance checking exercises. Finally, a statistical analysis of the performance of a GCPVS is carried out as a detection method of malfunctioning parts of the system
|
Statistical analysis of the performance and simulation of a two-axis tracking PV system
|
statistical analysis of the performance and simulation of a two-axis tracking pv system
|
photovoltaic incident gcpvs study. inherently stochastic “how gcpvs involves exercise inevitably subjected uncertainty. gcpvs arises correctly proposes examines cope questions. simulated. interannual productivity statistically analyzed. adjustments obtained. productivity checking exercises. gcpvs malfunctioning
|
exact_dup
|
[
"11991583"
] |
148658322
|
10.1016/j.expneurol.2010.01.013
|
The human fetal ventral mesencephalon-derived stem cell line, hVM1, yields high number of tyrosine hydroxylase-expressing presumed dopaminergic neurons upon in vitro differentiation. Here we report that cells generated from this line differentiate into a neuronal phenotype, express electrophysiological properties of functional neurons and respond to neurotransmitters in vitro. However, the electrophysiological properties are immature and the cells require longer maturation time than possible under in vitro condition
|
Functional properties of the human ventral mesencephalic neural stem cell line hVM1.
|
functional properties of the human ventral mesencephalic neural stem cell line hvm1.
|
fetal ventral mesencephalon tyrosine hydroxylase expressing presumed dopaminergic differentiation. differentiate neuronal phenotype express electrophysiological respond neurotransmitters vitro. electrophysiological immature maturation
|
exact_dup
|
[
"11996992"
] |
148691096
|
10.1007/978-3-319-68167-2
|
Input validation is the first line of defense against malformed or malicious inputs. It is therefore critical that the validator (which is often part of the parser) is free of bugs. To build dependable input validators, we propose using parser generators for context-free languages. In the context of network protocols, various works have pointed at context-free languages as falling short to specify precisely or concisely common idioms found in protocols. We review those assessments and perform a rigorous, language-theoretic analysis of several common protocol idioms. We then demonstrate the practical value of our findings by developing a modular, robust, and efficient input validator for HTTP relying on context-free grammars and regular expressions
|
A language-theoretic view on network protocols
|
a language-theoretic view on network protocols
|
validation defense malformed malicious inputs. validator parser bugs. build dependable validators propose parser generators languages. protocols pointed languages falling specify precisely concisely idioms protocols. assessments rigorous theoretic idioms. practical modular robust validator relying grammars expressions
|
exact_dup
|
[
"128535722"
] |
151646255
|
10.1016/j.apsusc.2013.06.104
|
CeO2 thin films were deposited on silicon and silicon nitride substrates by magnetron sputtering at room temperature and annealed at 400 and 600 °C in air and vacuum. Interaction between deposited CeO2 and Si in CeO2/Si and CeO2/Si3N4 systems was investigated by XPS.\ud
The results show that Ce is present as both Ce4+ and Ce3+ oxidation states in CeO2 film deposited on Si substrate, whereas Ce4+ is the main species in as-deposited CeO2/Si3N4 film. Detailed analyses of Ce3d, Si2p and O1s core level spectra demonstrate that Ce2O3 and SiOx or cerium\ud
silicate type of species are formed at the interface of CeO2 and Si. Concentrations of Ce3+ species increase drastically in CeO2/Si thin films after annealing at 400 °C in vacuum due to enhanced interfacial reaction. On the other hand, interfacial reaction between CeO2 and Si3N4 substrate is limited in as-deposited as well as 600 °C heat treated films
|
XPS studies on the interaction of CeO2 with Silicon in magnetron sputtered CeO2 thin films on Si and Si3N4 substrates
|
xps studies on the interaction of ceo2 with silicon in magnetron sputtered ceo2 thin films on si and si3n4 substrates
|
films deposited silicon silicon nitride substrates magnetron sputtering room annealed vacuum. deposited xps. oxidation film deposited deposited film. siox cerium silicate drastically films annealing interfacial reaction. interfacial deposited films
|
exact_dup
|
[
"20327880"
] |
155243491
|
10.1038/s41598-018-22553-w
|
Transmembrane proteins that mediate the cellular uptake or efflux of thyroid hormone potentially provide a key level of control over neurodevelopment. In humans, defects in one such protein, solute carrier SLC16A2 (MCT8) are associated with psychomotor retardation. Other proteins that transport the active form of thyroid hormone triiodothyronine (T3) or its precursor thyroxine (T4) have been identified in vitro but the wider significance of such transporters in vivo is unclear. The development of the auditory system requires thyroid hormone and the cochlea is a primary target tissue. We have proposed that the compartmental anatomy of the cochlea would necessitate transport mechanisms to convey blood-borne hormone to target tissues. We report hearing loss in mice with mutations in Slc16a2 and a related gene Slc16a10 (Mct10, Tat1). Deficiency of both transporters results in retarded development of the sensory epithelium similar to impairment caused by hypothyroidism, compounded with a progressive degeneration of cochlear hair cells and loss of endocochlear potential. Administration of T3 largely restores the development of the sensory epithelium and limited auditory function, indicating the T3-sensitivity of defects in the sensory epithelium. The results indicate a necessity for thyroid hormone transporters in cochlear development and function
|
Deafness and loss of cochlear hair cells in the absence of thyroid hormone transporters Slc16a2 (Mct8) and Slc16a10 (Mct10)
|
deafness and loss of cochlear hair cells in the absence of thyroid hormone transporters slc16a2 (mct8) and slc16a10 (mct10)
|
transmembrane mediate uptake efflux thyroid hormone potentially neurodevelopment. humans defects solute carrier psychomotor retardation. thyroid hormone triiodothyronine precursor thyroxine wider transporters unclear. auditory thyroid hormone cochlea tissue. compartmental anatomy cochlea necessitate convey borne hormone tissues. hearing deficiency transporters retarded sensory epithelium impairment hypothyroidism compounded progressive degeneration cochlear hair endocochlear potential. administration largely restores sensory epithelium auditory defects sensory epithelium. necessity thyroid hormone transporters cochlear
|
exact_dup
|
[
"154411055"
] |
160247400
|
10.1016/j.gaitpost.2013.02.009
|
Identification of secondary and tertiary impairments in neurologically induced gait deviations, such as crouch gait, is not always straightforward, but essential in order to decide upon the most efficient medical treatment in patients with cerebral palsy (CP). Until now, exact intersegmental dependency of the development of foot deformities has not been investigated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore if an artificially induced bilateral knee flexion contracture causes compensatory mechanisms in foot motion during gait in healthy children. Three-dimensional kinematic and kinetic data from 30 healthy children (mean age 10.6 years) were derived from the Oxford Foot model (OFM). Participants walked first in an artificially induced crouch gait (limitation of knee extension to 40°) and then normally. Walking speed was kept the same in both conditions. Analysis revealed small but significant (p<0.05) differences between the two conditions in hindfoot and forefoot kinematics in all three planes during the stance phase as well as for all peak internal moments within the foot. In general the foot tended to compensate for an artificial knee flexion contracture with an increase in maximal dorsiflexion, eversion and external rotation of the hindfoot, which also allowed increased foot motion in other foot segments. The results of this study showed that an isolated proximal joint contracture had an influence on foot position during stance in healthy children. Further interpretation of the data in relation to CP children will be possible as soon as comparable OFM data of pathological crouch gait is available
|
Effects of simulated crouch gait on foot kinematics and kinetics in healthy children
|
effects of simulated crouch gait on foot kinematics and kinetics in healthy children
|
tertiary impairments neurologically gait deviations crouch gait straightforward decide cerebral palsy intersegmental dependency foot deformities investigated. explore artificially bilateral knee flexion contracture compensatory foot gait healthy children. kinematic healthy oxford foot walked artificially crouch gait limitation knee normally. walking kept conditions. hindfoot forefoot kinematics planes stance moments foot. foot tended compensate artificial knee flexion contracture maximal dorsiflexion eversion hindfoot foot foot segments. proximal contracture foot stance healthy children. soon comparable pathological crouch gait
|
exact_dup
|
[
"160271484"
] |
18275267
|
10.1007/s12289-009-0496-7
|
During Friction Stir Welding process, FSW, a tool / workpiece mechanical interaction is generated leading to forces and torques applied on the tool. These forces and torques are transmitted to the welding equipment impacting its technical requirements. This paper presents a forces and torques analysis according to the processing parameters on the welding at constant speed stage. The analysis was performed on the whole welding process windows, by varying one process parameter after the other. The goal of this work is to determine if and how the forces and torque could be reduced by working on the processing parameters. So, with lower forces and torque applied on the tool, the use of a standard and flexible welding equipment, allowing the welding of complex geometries, could be enabled
|
Influence of processing parameters on the tool and workpiece mechanical interaction during Friction Stir Welding
|
influence of processing parameters on the tool and workpiece mechanical interaction during friction stir welding
|
friction stir welding workpiece forces torques tool. forces torques transmitted welding equipment impacting requirements. presents forces torques welding stage. welding windows other. goal forces torque parameters. forces torque flexible welding equipment allowing welding geometries enabled
|
exact_dup
|
[
"143691464"
] |
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