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52660499
|
10.1016/j.icarus.2014.12.015
|
International audienceIn this paper we present the results on the polarimetric and spectroscopic observations of the potentially hazardous Asteroid (214869) 2007 PA8 obtained during its favorable apparition in October–November 2012, when it approached the Earth at the minimal distance of 0.043 AU. Polarimetry was carried out at the NOT in the B, V, R, and I bands covering both low (12–23°) and large phase angles (88–99°). Spectroscopy in the visible and near infrared range was obtained at the TNG telescope.The spectrum of 2007 PA8 shows silicates absorption features and a behavior consistent with a Q-type classification. The olivine and pyroxene BI band is centered at 0.9578 ± 0.0042 μm, with a band depth of 16.5%, the BII band is centered at 1.95 ± 0.01 μm, and it has a band depth of about 3.9%. The 2007 PA8 spectral parameters are consistent with those of L chondrites. Also the spectral comparison with meteorites gives the L-type chondrites, and L6 in particular, as best match.The NEA (214869) 2007 PA8 is the forth moderate albedo asteroid and the first Q-type asteroid for which the value of the polarization maximum is determined. The inversion angle of the polarization curve in the V filter is 19.0 ± 1.1°, the corresponding slope parameter (h ) is of 0.078 ± 0.010%/°, the maximum value of polarization is 5.99 ± 0.16%, and the extreme value of negative polarization is estimated to be lower than −0.52%. Using the polarimetric slope we derive a geometric albedo of 0.29 ± 0.08 in the V band, that gives an estimated diameter of 1.4 ± 0.2 km, assuming an absolute HvHv magnitude of 16.2 mag. We find a strong dependence of the polarization in the B, V, R, and I bands with wavelength, and the polarimetric albedo in the four bands is strongly correlated with the asteroid’s spectrum. The 2007 PA8 polarimetric properties resemble those of other 2 NEAs, 1566 Icarus and 25143 Itokawa, which are both S(IV)/Q type.Our spectral and polarimetric analysis indicate that 2007 PA8 has a young and fresh surface almost unweathered, similar to L-type chondrites. These results, together with dynamical simulations made by Nedelcu et al. (Nedelcu, D. A., Birlan, M., Popescu, M., Badescu, O., Pricopi, D. [2014]. Astron. Astrophys. 567, L7, 5pp.) and Nesvorny et al. (Nesvorny, D., Vokrouhlicky, D., Morbidelli, A., Bottke, W. F. [2009]. Icarus 200, 698–701), indicate that 2007 PA8 may be a member of the Gefion family recently ejected from the 5:2 resonance and a potential source of L chondrites
|
The potentially hazardous Asteroid (214869) 2007 PA8: An unweathered L chondrite analog surface
|
the potentially hazardous asteroid (214869) 2007 pa8: an unweathered l chondrite analog surface
|
audiencein polarimetric spectroscopic potentially hazardous asteroid favorable apparition october–november approached earth polarimetry covering angles spectroscopy visible infrared telescope.the silicates classification. olivine pyroxene centered centered chondrites. meteorites chondrites match.the forth moderate albedo asteroid asteroid determined. inversion filter extreme polarimetric derive geometric albedo hvhv mag. polarimetric albedo asteroid’s spectrum. polarimetric resemble neas icarus itokawa type.our polarimetric fresh unweathered chondrites. nedelcu nedelcu birlan popescu badescu pricopi astron. astrophys. nesvorny nesvorny vokrouhlicky morbidelli bottke icarus member gefion ejected chondrites
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47091090",
"52718465"
] |
52662865
|
10.1007/s00006-009-0187-y
|
40 pages ; published version with slight modifications for on-line reading (Ed. UNAM-FQ 2002, México)International audienceIn this short pedagogical presentation, we introduce the spin groups and the spinors from the point of view of group theory. We also present, independently, the construction of the low dimensional Clifford algebras. And we establish the link between the two approaches. Finally, we give some notions of the generalisations to arbitrary spacetimes, by the introduction of the spin and spinor bundles
|
Spin and Clifford algebras, an introduction
|
spin and clifford algebras, an introduction
|
pages slight modifications reading unam méxico audiencein pedagogical presentation spinors theory. independently clifford algebras. establish approaches. notions generalisations spacetimes spinor bundles
|
exact_dup
|
[
"46769486",
"47109216",
"52694090"
] |
52672577
|
10.1088/1367-2630/8/9/204
|
International audienceMicrocavities consisting of two identical tapered mirrors etched into silicon-on-insulator ridge waveguides are investigated for operation at telecommunication wavelengths. They offer very small modal volumes of approximately 0.6 (λ/n)3 and calculated intrinsic Q factors of 400 000. We have measured a Q factor of 8900 for a loaded cavity, in agreement with the theoretical value. In contrast to recent works performed on suspended membranes, the buried SiO2 layer is not removed. The cavities possess strong mechanical robustness, thus making them attractive from the viewpoint of integration in large systems. The cavity Q factor is much larger than those previously obtained for similar geometries on a substrate
|
Ultra-high-reflectivity photonic-bandgap mirrors in a ridge SOI waveguide
|
ultra-high-reflectivity photonic-bandgap mirrors in a ridge soi waveguide
|
audiencemicrocavities consisting tapered mirrors etched silicon insulator ridge waveguides telecommunication wavelengths. offer modal volumes intrinsic loaded cavity value. suspended membranes buried removed. cavities possess robustness attractive viewpoint systems. cavity geometries
|
exact_dup
|
[
"51933960"
] |
52672962
|
10.1073/pnas.1503749112
|
International audienceAmong the many fascinating examples of collective behavior exhibited by animal groups, some species are known to alternate slow group dispersion in space with rapid aggregation phenomena induced by a sudden behavioral shift at the individual level. We study this phenomenon quantitatively in large groups of grazing Merino sheep under controlled experimental conditions. Our analysis reveals strongly intermittent collective dynamics consisting of fast, avalanche-like regrouping events distributed on all experimentally accessible scales. As a proof of principle, we introduce an agent-based model with individual behavioral shifts, which we show to account faithfully for all collective properties observed. This offers, in turn, an insight on the individual stimulus/ response functions that can generate such intermittent behavior. In particular, the intensity of sheep allelomimetic behavior plays a key role in the group's ability to increase the per capita grazing surface while minimizing the time needed to regroup into a tightly packed configuration. We conclude that the emergent behavior reported probably arises from the necessity to balance two conflicting imperatives: (i) the exploration of foraging space by individuals and (ii) the protection from predators offered by being part of large, cohesive groups. We discuss our results in the context of the current debate about criticality in biology. sheep herds | collective behavior | self-organization | computational modeling | Allelomimetis
|
Intermittent collective dynamics emerge from conflicting imperatives in sheep herds
|
intermittent collective dynamics emerge from conflicting imperatives in sheep herds
|
audienceamong fascinating collective exhibited alternate slow aggregation phenomena sudden behavioral level. phenomenon quantitatively grazing merino sheep conditions. reveals intermittent collective consisting avalanche regrouping experimentally accessible scales. agent behavioral shifts faithfully collective observed. offers insight stimulus intermittent behavior. sheep allelomimetic plays capita grazing minimizing regroup tightly packed configuration. emergent probably arises necessity balance conflicting imperatives exploration foraging protection predators offered cohesive groups. debate criticality biology. sheep herds collective allelomimetis
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52773849"
] |
52677025
|
10.1016/j.materresbull.2015.02.034
|
International audienceThis work deals with the design, realization and characterization of a miniature and frequency agileantenna based on a ferroelectric Ba0,80Sr0,20TiO3 thinfilm. The notch antenna is loaded with a variablemetal/insulator/metal (MIM) capacitor and is achieved by a monolithic method. The MIM capacitance is3.7 pF, which results in a resonant frequency of 670 MHz compared to 2.25 GHz for the unloadedsimulated antenna; the resulting miniaturization rate is 70%. The characterization of the antennaprototype shows a frequency tunable rate of 14.5% under an electricfield of 375 kV/cm, with a tunabilityperformance h = 0.04
|
Miniaturized and reconfigurable notch antenna based on a BST ferroelectric thin film
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miniaturized and reconfigurable notch antenna based on a bst ferroelectric thin film
|
audiencethis deals realization miniature agileantenna ferroelectric thinfilm. notch antenna loaded variablemetal insulator capacitor monolithic method. capacitance resonant unloadedsimulated antenna miniaturization antennaprototype tunable electricfield tunabilityperformance
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48170456",
"52996125"
] |
52683857
|
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.05.100
|
International audienceInter-subject fMRI analyses have specific issues regarding the reliability of the results concerning both the detection of brain activation patterns and the estimation of the underlying dynamics. Among these issues lies the variability of the hemodynamic response function (HRF), that is usually accounted for using functional basis sets in the general linear model context. Here, we use the joint detection-estimation approach (JDE) (Makni et al., 2008; Vincent et al., 2010) which combines regional nonparametric HRF inference with spatially adaptive regularization of activation clusters to avoid global smoothing of fMRI images. We show that the JDE-based inference brings a significant improvement in statistical sensitivity for detecting evoked activity in parietal regions. In contrast, the canonical HRF associated with spatially adaptive regularization is more sensitive in other regions, such as motor cortex. This different regional behavior is shown to reflect a larger discrepancy of HRF with the canonical model. By varying parallel imaging acceleration factor, SNR-specific region-based hemodynamic parameters (activation delay and duration) were extracted from the JDE inference. Complementary analyses highlighted their significant departure from the canonical parameters and the strongest between-subject variability that occurs in the parietal region, irrespective of the SNR value. Finally, statistical evidence that the fluctuation of the HRF shape is responsible for the significant change in activation detection performance is demonstrated using paired t-tests between hemodynamic parameters inferred by GLM and JDE
|
Group-level impacts of within- and between-subject hemodynamic variability in fMRI
|
group-level impacts of within- and between-subject hemodynamic variability in fmri
|
audienceinter fmri reliability concerning dynamics. lies hemodynamic accounted context. makni vincent combines nonparametric inference spatially adaptive regularization avoid smoothing fmri images. inference brings detecting evoked parietal regions. canonical spatially adaptive regularization motor cortex. reflect discrepancy canonical model. acceleration hemodynamic delay inference. complementary highlighted departure canonical strongest parietal irrespective value. fluctuation paired hemodynamic inferred
|
exact_dup
|
[
"51964308"
] |
52691752
|
10.1016/j.nima.2011.05.007
|
International audienceMeasurements and ion optic calculations showed that the large momentum acceptance of the VAMOS spectrometer at GANIL could be further increased from $\sim$ 11% to $\sim$ 30% by suitably enlarging the dimensions of the detectors used at the focal plane. Such a new detection system built for the focal plane of VAMOS is described. It consists of larger area detectors (1000 mm × 150 mm) namely, a Multi-Wire Parallel Plate Avalanche Counter (MWPPAC), two drift chambers, a segmented ionization chamber and an array of Si detectors. Compared to the earlier existing system (VAMOS), we show that the new system (VAMOS++) has a dispersion-independent momentum acceptance . Additionally a start detector (MWPPAC) has been introduced near the target to further improve the mass resolution to $\sim$ 1/220. The performance of the VAMOS++ spectrometer is demonstrated using measurements of residues formed in the collisions of 129Xe at 967 MeV on 197Au
|
Performance of the improved larger acceptance spectrometer: VAMOS++
|
performance of the improved larger acceptance spectrometer: vamos++
|
audiencemeasurements optic acceptance vamos spectrometer ganil suitably enlarging detectors focal plane. built focal vamos described. detectors wire plate avalanche counter mwppac drift chambers segmented ionization chamber array detectors. vamos vamos acceptance additionally mwppac vamos spectrometer collisions
|
exact_dup
|
[
"46767923"
] |
52709840
|
10.1051/cocv/2016038
|
International audienceIn this paper, we consider the problems of stability analysis and control synthesis for first-order hyperbolic linear Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) over a bounded interval with spatially varying coefficients. We propose Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMI) conditions for the stability and for the design of boundary and distributed control for the system. These conditions involve an infinite number of LMI to solve. Hence, we show how to overapproximate these constraints using polytopic embeddings to reduce the problem to a finite number of LMI. We show the effectiveness of the overapproximation with several examples and with the Saint-Venant equations with friction
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An optimisation approach for stability analysis and controller synthesis of linear hyperbolic systems
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an optimisation approach for stability analysis and controller synthesis of linear hyperbolic systems
|
audiencein hyperbolic pdes spatially coefficients. propose inequalities system. involve infinite solve. overapproximate polytopic embeddings lmi. effectiveness overapproximation saint venant friction
|
exact_dup
|
[
"51932573"
] |
52717843
|
10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2015.01.011
|
International audienceLate-Hercynian Intrusion-related gold deposits: an integrated model on the Tighza polymetallic district, central Morocco, African Earth Sciences (2015), doi: http://dx.Gold have been recently recognized in the Tighza (formerly Jebel Aouam) district, in the Hercynian belt of central Morocco. This district has long been known for its W mineralization, as well as major Pb-Ag-Zn, and minor Sb-Ba deposits, all geographically associated with late-Hercynian calc-alkaline magmatism. Gold mineralization in the district is mainly hosted by thick W-Au quartz veins located around the “Mine granite” small granitic plug. Within the veins, gold grade is highest (up to 70 g/t) close to the granite but rapidly decreases going outward from the granite, defining a perigranitic zoning. Anomalous gold grades have also been measured in hydrothermal skarn layers close to two other granitic plugs (Kaolin granite and Mispickel granite), associated with disseminated As-Fe sulfides. The paragenetic sequence for the W-Au quartz veins shows three stages: 1) an early oxidized stage with wolframite-scheelite associated with early quartz (Q1), 2) an intermediate Bi-As-Te-Mo-Au sulfide stage with loellingite, bismuth minerals and native gold with a later quartz (Q2), restricted to a narrow distance from the granite, and 3) a late lower temperature As-Cu-Zn–(Pb) stage with abundant massive pyrrhotite, arsenopyrite and sphalerite, locally forming independent veins (“pyrrhotite vein”). Both Q1 hyaline and Q2 saccharoidal gold-bearing quartz display aqua-carbonic fluids with minor H2S and Cu and an homogeneous composition (81 mole% H2O, 18 mole% CO2 and about 1 mole% NaCl). The trapping pressure is estimated to 1.5 to 2 kbar with temperature ranging from 300° to 350°C. Q1 inclusions have exploded indicating an uplift of the Tighza block, that lead to saccharoidal Q2 quartz deposition with multiphase NaCl-saturated fluid inclusions. 40Ar/39Ar dating demonstrates that the “Mine granite”, tungsten skarnoid, scheelite-molybdenite veins, and very likely gold-bearing veins are coeval, emplaced at 286 ± 1 Ma. Multiple and widespread metal sources are indicated by radiogenic isotope studies. Nd and Sr isotope compositions of scheelite and granites suggest the participation of a juvenile component while lead isotopes demonstrate a major participation of the basement.Both gold mineralization and zoning suggest that the system developed at the end of the magmatic activity, accompanying a major transition in magmatic fluid composition. The morphology of the gold-bearing mineralization is dependent of the permeability and the reactivity of host-rocks: focus circulation of fluids through pre-existing tectonic corridors, reactivated by late-Hercynian intrusions favor the formation of large W-type gold veins, while infiltration of fluid within reactive stratigraphic layers gives rise to skarn mineralization. A 40Ar/39Ar date (W1 north vein: 291.8 ± 0.3 Ma) indicates that hydrothermal circulation predates gold and tungsten deposition in open fractures as well as Mine granite emplacement.The W-Au mineralization preceded the onset of a large convective hydrothermal cell around the intrusion that led to the formation of the Pb-Ag-Zn mined veins. The Tighza polymetallic district displays numerous similarities with the R-IRG model that was defined in the American Cordillera, such as thermal and zonation patterns, carbonic hydrothermal fluids and chronology of intrusion and related deposits, but also provides new insight to the R-IRG model such as wide Au-quartz veins instead of sheeted Au-veins, oxidation state of the magma, and Sr-Nd isotopic data. These results establish a major magmatic contribution and discard a direct genetic relationship between gold mineralization and major neighboring Pb-Ag-Zn veins. A large number of classic Pb-Zn district of the Western Hercynides belong to the same clan
|
Late-Hercynian Intrusion-related gold deposits: an integrated model on the Tighza polymetallic district, central Morocco
|
late-hercynian intrusion-related gold deposits: an integrated model on the tighza polymetallic district, central morocco
|
audiencelate hercynian intrusion gold deposits tighza polymetallic district morocco african earth dx.gold recognized tighza formerly jebel aouam district hercynian belt morocco. district mineralization minor deposits geographically hercynian calc alkaline magmatism. gold mineralization district hosted thick quartz veins “mine granite” granitic plug. veins gold grade granite rapidly going outward granite defining perigranitic zoning. anomalous gold grades hydrothermal skarn granitic plugs kaolin granite mispickel granite disseminated sulfides. paragenetic quartz veins oxidized wolframite scheelite quartz sulfide loellingite bismuth minerals native gold quartz restricted narrow granite abundant massive pyrrhotite arsenopyrite sphalerite locally forming veins “pyrrhotite vein” hyaline saccharoidal gold bearing quartz display aqua carbonic fluids minor homogeneous mole mole mole nacl trapping kbar ranging inclusions exploded uplift tighza saccharoidal quartz deposition multiphase nacl saturated inclusions. dating demonstrates “mine granite” tungsten skarnoid scheelite molybdenite veins gold bearing veins coeval emplaced widespread radiogenic isotope studies. isotope compositions scheelite granites participation juvenile isotopes participation basement.both gold mineralization zoning magmatic accompanying magmatic composition. morphology gold bearing mineralization permeability reactivity rocks circulation fluids tectonic corridors reactivated hercynian intrusions favor gold veins infiltration reactive stratigraphic skarn mineralization. vein hydrothermal circulation predates gold tungsten deposition fractures mine granite emplacement.the mineralization preceded onset convective hydrothermal intrusion mined veins. tighza polymetallic district displays numerous similarities cordillera zonation carbonic hydrothermal fluids chronology intrusion deposits insight quartz veins sheeted veins oxidation magma isotopic data. establish magmatic discard gold mineralization neighboring veins. classic district hercynides belong clan
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48177681"
] |
52718263
|
10.1029/2012GL051298.
|
International audienceWe present a 1-year long representative delta O-18 record of water vapor (delta O-18(v)) in Niamey (Niger) using the Wavelength Scanned-Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy (WS-CRDS). We explore how local and regional atmospheric processes influence delta O-18(v) variability from seasonal to diurnal scale. At seasonal scale, delta O-18(v) exhibits a W-shape, associated with the increase of regional convective activity during the monsoon and the intensification of large scale subsidence North of Niamey during the dry season. During the monsoon season, delta O-18(v) records a broad range of intra-seasonal modes in the 25-40-day and 15-25-day bands that could be related to the well-known modes of the West African Monsoon (WAM). Strong delta O-18(v) modulations are also seen at the synoptic scale (5-9 days) during winter, driven by tropical-extra-tropical teleconnections through the propagation of a baroclinic wave train-like structure and intrusion of air originating from higher altitude and latitude. delta O-18(v) also reveals a significant diurnal cycle, which reflects mixing process between the boundary layer and the free atmosphere during the dry season, and records the propagation of density currents associated with meso-scale convective systems during the monsoon season. Citation: Tremoy, G., F. Vimeux, S. Mayaki, I. Souley, O. Cattani, C. Risi, G. Favreau, and M. Oi (2012), A 1-year long delta O-18 record of water vapor in Niamey (Niger) reveals insightful atmospheric processes at different timescales, Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L08805, doi:10.1029/2012GL051298
|
A 1-year long delta O-18 record of water vapor in Niamey (Niger) reveals insightful atmospheric processes at different timescales
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a 1-year long delta o-18 record of water vapor in niamey (niger) reveals insightful atmospheric processes at different timescales
|
audiencewe delta record vapor delta niamey niger scanned cavity spectroscopy crds explore delta seasonal diurnal scale. seasonal delta exhibits convective monsoon intensification subsidence niamey season. monsoon season delta records broad intra seasonal west african monsoon delta modulations synoptic winter tropical extra tropical teleconnections propagation baroclinic train intrusion originating altitude latitude. delta reveals diurnal reflects atmosphere season records propagation currents meso convective monsoon season. citation tremoy vimeux mayaki souley cattani risi favreau delta record vapor niamey niger reveals insightful timescales geophys. res. lett.
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exact_dup
|
[
"52678370",
"52898301"
] |
52723132
|
10.1016/j.jece.2013.09.018
|
International audienceThis work is a part of the OXYSOL project aiming at the conception of a global treatment pathway including In Situ Chemical Oxidation to clean up soils of former metallurgical sites. It deals with the selection of the most adapted oxidants. Batch experiments were performed with aged contaminated soil samples of a former steel-making plant to degrade the 16 US EPA PAHs. In this research, hydrogen peroxide, modified Fenton's reaction, potassium permanganate, sodium percarbonate and sodium persulfate were compared at high and moderate doses. Hydrogen peroxide, modified Fenton's reagent, percarbonate and activated persulfate led to a maximum degradation ratio of 45%. A higher ratio (70%) was obtained with a high dose of permanganate. Except for permanganate, increasing oxidant dose did not improve degradation rates, especially with radical-based oxidative systems probably due to radical scavenging. Oxidant doses had an effect on pH that drastically increased or dropped in some cases, which was a drawback. Permanganate efficacy was mainly assigned to its persistence. In all cases, the low availability of PAHs, partly sequestrated in the aged soil, was identified as the most limiting factor for degradation performance. Oxidants were ranked according to their efficiency for PAH oxidation in soils. Efficiency was not correlated to the doses
|
Oxidant selection to treat an aged PAH contaminated soil by in situ chemical oxidation.
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oxidant selection to treat an aged pah contaminated soil by in situ chemical oxidation.
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audiencethis oxysol aiming conception situ oxidation clean soils former metallurgical sites. deals adapted oxidants. batch aged contaminated former steel degrade pahs. peroxide fenton potassium permanganate sodium percarbonate sodium persulfate moderate doses. peroxide fenton reagent percarbonate persulfate degradation permanganate. permanganate oxidant degradation radical oxidative probably radical scavenging. oxidant doses drastically dropped drawback. permanganate efficacy assigned persistence. availability pahs partly sequestrated aged limiting degradation performance. oxidants ranked oxidation soils. doses
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48196554"
] |
52726315
|
10.1016/B978-0-12-380940-7.00002-0
|
133 pagesInternational audienceThe aim of this review is to characterize the role of pressure solution creep in the ductility of the Earth's upper crust and to describe how this creep mechanism competes and interacts with other deformation mechanisms. Pressure solution creep is a major mechanism of ductile deformation of the upper crust, accommodating basin compaction, folding, shear zone development, and fault creep and interseismic healing. However, its kinetics is strongly dependent on the composition of the rocks (mainly the presence of phyllosilicates minerals that activate pressure solution) and on its interaction with fracturing and healing processes (that activate and slow down pressure solution, respectively). The present review combines three approaches: natural observations, theoretical developments, and laboratory experiments. Natural observations can be used to identify the pressure solution markers necessary to evaluate creep law parameters, such as the nature of the material, the temperature and stress conditions or the geometry of mass transfer domains. Theoretical developments help to investigate the thermodynamics and kinetics of the processes and to build theoretical creep laws. Laboratory experiments are implemented in order to test the models and to measure creep law parameters such as driving forces and kinetic coefficients. Finally, applications are discussed for the modelling of sedimentary basin compaction and fault creep. The sensitivity of the models to time is given particular attention: viscous versus plastic rheology during sediment compaction; steady state versus non-steady state behaviour of fault and shear zones. The conclusions discuss recent advances for modelling pressure solution creep and the main questions that remain to be solved
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The role of pressure solution creep in the ductility of the earth's upper crust
|
the role of pressure solution creep in the ductility of the earth's upper crust
|
pagesinternational audiencethe characterize creep ductility earth crust creep competes interacts deformation mechanisms. creep ductile deformation crust accommodating basin compaction folding fault creep interseismic healing. kinetics rocks phyllosilicates minerals activate fracturing healing activate slow combines developments experiments. markers creep domains. developments thermodynamics kinetics build creep laws. implemented creep driving forces coefficients. sedimentary basin compaction fault creep. viscous plastic rheology sediment compaction steady steady fault zones. advances creep solved
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47284546"
] |
52726924
|
10.1093/petrology/egt006
|
International audiencePetrological data have been acquired on the natural trachytes from the Chaîne des Puys, French Massif Central, and on experimental products from phase equilibria in order to (i) constrain the storage conditions of the trachytic magmas that lead to explosive eruptions (dome destructions as block-and-ash flows or pumice-and-ash flows) and (ii) provide phase relationships and chemical compositions for differentiated alkaline liquids in intraplate continental context. Phase assemblages, proportions, and compositions have been determined on six trachytes with SiO2 contents varying from 62 to 69 wt % and alkali contents of 10.5-12.0 wt %. The samples contain up to 30 % of phenocrysts, mainly consisting of feldspar (15-17 %; plagioclase and/or alkali-feldspar), biotite (2-6 %; except in the SiO2-poorest sample), Fe-Ti oxides (1-3 %) ± amphibole (< 5 %), ± clinopyroxene (~1 %). All samples have apatite and zircon as minor phases and titanite has been found in one sample. Pristine glasses (melt inclusions or residual glasses) in pumice from explosive events are trachytic to rhyolitic (65-73 wt % SiO2 and 10.5-13.0 wt % alkali). H2O dissolved in melt inclusions and the biotite+alkali feldspar+magnetite hygrobarometer both suggest pre-eruptive H2O contents up to 8 wt %. These are so far the highest H2O contents ever reported for alkaline liquids in an intraplate continental context. Melt inclusions also contain ~3400 ppm chlorine, ~700 ppm fluorine, and ~300 ppm sulphur. Crystallisation experiments of the six trachytes have been performed between 200 and 400 MPa, 700 and 900°C, H2O saturation, and oxygen fugacity of NNO +1. The comparison between the natural and experimental phase assemblage, proportion, and composition suggests magma storage conditions at a pressure of 300-350 MPa (~10-12 km deep), melt H2O content ~8 wt % (close to saturation), an oxygen fugacity close to NNO~0.5, and temperatures increasing from 700 to 825°C with decreasing bulk SiO2 of the trachyte. The high H2O contents of the trachytes show that wet conditions may prevail during the differentiation of continental alkaline series. Regardless of the size of the magma reservoir assumed to have fed the trachyte eruptions, calculation of the thermal relaxation timescales indicates that the tapped reservoir(s) are likely to be still partially molten nowadays. The four northernmost edifices may correspond to a single large reservoir with a lateral extension of up to 10 km, which could be possibly reactivated in weeks to months if intercepted by new rising basalt batches
|
Trachyte phase relations and implication for magma storage conditions in the Chaîne des Puys (French Massif Central).
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trachyte phase relations and implication for magma storage conditions in the chaîne des puys (french massif central).
|
audiencepetrological acquired trachytes chaîne puys french massif equilibria constrain storage trachytic magmas explosive eruptions dome destructions flows pumice flows compositions differentiated alkaline liquids intraplate continental context. assemblages proportions compositions trachytes contents alkali contents phenocrysts consisting feldspar plagioclase alkali feldspar biotite poorest oxides amphibole clinopyroxene apatite zircon minor titanite sample. pristine glasses melt inclusions residual glasses pumice explosive trachytic rhyolitic alkali dissolved melt inclusions biotite alkali feldspar magnetite hygrobarometer eruptive contents contents ever alkaline liquids intraplate continental context. melt inclusions chlorine fluorine sulphur. crystallisation trachytes saturation fugacity nno assemblage proportion magma storage melt saturation fugacity nno decreasing trachyte. contents trachytes prevail continental alkaline series. regardless magma reservoir trachyte eruptions relaxation timescales tapped reservoir partially molten nowadays. northernmost edifices reservoir lateral possibly reactivated intercepted rising basalt batches
|
exact_dup
|
[
"49292622",
"52648402"
] |
52730844
|
10.1093/petrology/egq091
|
International audienceThe discovery of chemically and isotopically enriched mid-ocean ridge basalts (E-MORB) has offered substantial insight into the origin, time scales, and length scales of mantle heterogeneity. However, the exact processes involved in producing this E-MORB enrichment are vigorously debated. Additionally, because the ages of E-MORB are not well constrained, the petrogenetic, temporal, and geological relationships between E-MORB and normal (N)-MORB are not known. To investigate these relationships and to explore how melting and melt transport processes contribute to or modify enriched mantle source compositions and generate E-MORB melts beneath mid-ocean ridges, we measured major and trace elements, and Sr, Nd, Hf, Pb, and U-Th-Ra isotopes for a suite of lavas that were collected off-axis, including several E-MORB, at 9-10 degrees N along the East Pacific Rise (EPR). These data show coherent mixing trends among long-lived radiogenic isotopes, U-series nuclides, and incompatible trace elements, implying that mixing of melts from different sources occurs at different depths. Our results are consistent with previous studies that show that melting occurs in a two-porosity melting regime, with high-porosity channels forming deeply in the presence of garnet and transporting enriched melts with large (230)Th excesses to the crust, whereas low-porosity channels transport melts more slowly, allowing them to equilibrate at shallow depths and develop large (226)Ra excesses at the expense of diminished (230)Th excesses. Forward modeling of the trace element data also is consistent with mixing of melts in a two-porosity melting regime. U-series age constraints suggest that E-MORB neither erupt at systematically different times from N-MORB, nor necessarily through different pathways. Previous studies of E-MORB at 9-10 degrees N have suggested that E-MORB compositions could be explained by off-axis eruption. However, when considered in light of previously published magnetic paleointensity and U-series age constraints, recent geological studies, and the most widely accepted contemporary understanding of volcanic construction at 9-10 degrees N EPR, the asymmetric, off-axis distribution of E-MORB at 9-10 degrees N EPR is consistent with, and more simply explained by, a model in which E-MORB erupted within the axial summit trough (AST) and flowed down the ridge flanks (similar to 0-3 km). These E-MORB subsequently spread away from the AST, and, finally, were preserved on the seafloor through asymmetric construction of the extrusive layer. Taken together, the range of ages of E-MORB at 9-10 degrees N EPR and the geochemical and isotopic mixing trends suggest that enriched melts are continuously supplied to the ridge axis, but because of their small proportions relative to the volumetrically and volcanically dominant N-MORB, E-MORB preservation and exposure is comparatively scarce
|
Perspective on the Genesis of E-MORB from Chemical and Isotopic Heterogeneity at 9-10 degrees N East Pacific Rise
|
perspective on the genesis of e-morb from chemical and isotopic heterogeneity at 9-10 degrees n east pacific rise
|
audiencethe discovery chemically isotopically enriched ocean ridge basalts morb offered substantial insight mantle heterogeneity. producing morb enrichment vigorously debated. additionally ages morb constrained petrogenetic geological morb morb known. explore melting melt modify enriched mantle compositions morb melts beneath ocean ridges trace isotopes suite lavas morb east pacific coherent lived radiogenic isotopes nuclides incompatible trace implying melts depths. melting porosity melting porosity forming deeply garnet transporting enriched melts excesses crust porosity melts slowly allowing equilibrate shallow depths excesses expense diminished excesses. trace melts porosity melting regime. morb neither erupt systematically morb necessarily pathways. morb morb compositions eruption. paleointensity geological widely contemporary volcanic asymmetric morb morb erupted axial summit trough flowed ridge flanks morb subsequently spread away preserved seafloor asymmetric extrusive layer. ages morb geochemical isotopic enriched melts continuously supplied ridge proportions volumetrically volcanically morb morb preservation comparatively scarce
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52316323"
] |
52735978
|
10.1007/s11368-010-0330-3
|
International audiencePurpose The mangroves of New Caledonia, in the south Pacific, act as a buffer between a lagoon of more than 20,000 km2 and the island, which is characterized by ultramafic rocks and lateritic soils that are exploited for their richness in heavy metals. We will provide a better understanding of the redox conditions, and of heavy metal distributions in mangroves receiving shrimp farm effluents. Materials and methods Samples were collected from four areas defined in terms of vegetation composition: a salt flat, an Avicennia marina forest, in which effluents are released; a Rhizophora stylosa forest, and a dead Rhizophora forest. They were collected during times of maximum effluent release. Some measurements on pore water were also done during a period without effluent. Cores (70 cm deep) were collected at low tide with an Eijkelkamp gouge auger, and pore waters were extracted using soil moisture samplers. Physico-chemical parameters (pH, Eh, salinity) were measured by directly inserting the probes into cores. Total nitrogen and total sulfur were also determined. The sedimentary organic content was studied using a Rock-Eval 6 pyrolysis. Finally, heavy metal concentrations were determined, both in the solid and the dissolved phases, using an HR-ICP-AES. Results and discussion The distribution of heavy metals in the core collected in the salt flat is mainly controlled, on the one hand, by the sedimentary organic content, and on the other hand, by the elevation of the area, which induced dessication. The release of effluent within the Avicennia stand induced anoxic conditions on the whole depth profile, while these conditions are suboxic without effluent release, probably inducing different metal speciation. The Rhizophora forests, located at 100 m from the release point, do not seem to show any impact from the effluent phase, as indicated by the redox profiles which show similar results with and without effluent release. Beneath these two stands, conditions are mainly anoxic and sulfidic, as a result of the decomposition of high organic matter content. Conclusions The release of effluent within the Avicennia stand, by modifying the length of waterlogging, clearly modifies the redox conditions. We suggest that the differences in redox conditions between the two periods modify the carrier phase of heavy metals, being mainly associated with sulfides during effluent release. Metals are thus less mobile, and consequently when mangrove receives effluents, they act as a sink for trace metals
|
Redox conditions and heavy metals distribution in mangrove forests receiving effluents from shrimp farms (Teremba Bay, New Caledonia)
|
redox conditions and heavy metals distribution in mangrove forests receiving effluents from shrimp farms (teremba bay, new caledonia)
|
audiencepurpose mangroves caledonia pacific lagoon island ultramafic rocks lateritic soils exploited richness metals. redox mangroves receiving shrimp farm effluents. vegetation salt avicennia marina forest effluents released rhizophora stylosa forest dead rhizophora forest. effluent release. pore effluent. cores tide eijkelkamp gouge auger pore waters moisture samplers. physico salinity inserting probes cores. nitrogen sulfur determined. sedimentary rock eval pyrolysis. dissolved aes. metals salt sedimentary elevation dessication. effluent avicennia stand anoxic suboxic effluent probably inducing speciation. rhizophora forests seem effluent redox effluent release. beneath stands anoxic sulfidic decomposition content. effluent avicennia stand modifying waterlogging modifies redox conditions. redox modify carrier metals sulfides effluent release. metals mobile mangrove receives effluents sink trace metals
|
exact_dup
|
[
"54025342"
] |
52743050
|
10.1016/S1002-0160(09)60120-X
|
International audienceThe long-term redistribution of Zn in a naturally Zn-enriched soil during pedogenesis was quantified based on mass balance calculations. According to their fate, parent limestones comprised three Zn pools: bound to calcite and pyritesphalerite grains, bound to phyllosilicates and bound to goethite in the inherited phosphate nodules. Four pedological processes, i.e., carbonate dissolution, two stages of redox processes and eluviation, redistributed Zn during pedogenesis. The carbonate dissolution of limestones released Zn bound to calcite into soil solution. Due to residual enrichment, Zn concentrations in the soil are higher than those in parent limestones. Birnessite, ferrihydrite and goethite dispersed in soil horizon trapped high quantities of Zn during their formation. Afterwards, primary redox conditions induced the release of Zn and Fe into soil solution, and the subsequent individualization of Fe and Mn into Zn-rich concretions. Both processes and subsequent aging of the concretions formed induced significant exportation of Zn through the bottom water table. Secondary redox conditions promoted the weathering of Fe and Mn oxides in cements and concretions. This process caused other losses of Zn through lateral exportation in an upper water table. Concomitantly, eluviation occurred at the top of the solum. The lateral exportation of eluviated minerals through the upper water table limited illuviation. Eluviation was also responsible for Zn loss, but this Zn bound to phyllosilicates was not bioavailabl
|
Zinc Redistribution in a Soil Developed from Limestone During Pedogenesis
|
zinc redistribution in a soil developed from limestone during pedogenesis
|
audiencethe redistribution naturally enriched pedogenesis quantified balance calculations. fate parent limestones comprised pools calcite pyritesphalerite grains phyllosilicates goethite inherited phosphate nodules. pedological i.e. carbonate dissolution redox eluviation redistributed pedogenesis. carbonate dissolution limestones released calcite solution. residual enrichment parent limestones. birnessite ferrihydrite goethite dispersed horizon trapped quantities formation. afterwards redox individualization concretions. aging concretions exportation table. redox promoted weathering oxides cements concretions. losses lateral exportation table. concomitantly eluviation occurred solum. lateral exportation eluviated minerals illuviation. eluviation phyllosilicates bioavailabl
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47111946",
"54026051"
] |
52745235
|
10.1051/0004-6361/200811568
|
Accepted for publication in A&A, 13 pages, 14 figuresInternational audience(Abridged) Studying continuum emission from interstellar dust is essential to locate and characterize the highest density regions in the interstellar medium. In particular, the early stages of massive star formation are still mysterious. Our goal is to produce a large scale, systematic database of massive pre- and proto-stellar clumps in the Galaxy, in order to better understand how and under what conditions star formation takes place. A well characterized sample of star-forming sites will deliver an evolutionary sequence and a mass function of high-mass star-forming clumps. Such a systematic survey at submm wavelengths also represents a pioneering work in preparation for Herschel and ALMA. The APEX telescope is ideally located to observe the inner Milky Way. The recently commissioned Large APEX Bolometer Camera (LABOCA) is a 295-element bolometer array observing at 870 microns, with a beam of 19". Taking advantage of its large field of view (11.4') and excellent sensitivity, we have started an unbiased survey of the Galactic Plane, with a noise level of 50-70 mJy/beam: the APEX Telescope Large Area Survey of the Galaxy (ATLASGAL). As a first step, we have covered 95 sq. deg. These data reveal 6000 compact sources brighter than 0.25 Jy, as well as extended structures, many of them filamentary. About two thirds of the compact sources have no bright infrared counterpart, and some of them are likely to correspond to the precursors of (high-mass) proto-stars or proto-clusters. Other compact sources harbor hot cores, compact HII regions or young embedded clusters. Assuming a typical distance of 5 kpc, most sources are clumps smaller than 1 pc with masses from a few 10 to a few 100 M_sun. In this introductory paper, we show preliminary results from these ongoing observations, and discuss the perspectives of the survey
|
ATLASGAL - The APEX Telescope Large Area Survey of the Galaxy at 870 microns
|
atlasgal - the apex telescope large area survey of the galaxy at 870 microns
|
publication pages figuresinternational audience abridged studying continuum interstellar locate characterize interstellar medium. massive mysterious. goal massive proto clumps place. forming deliver evolutionary forming clumps. submm wavelengths pioneering preparation herschel alma. apex telescope ideally milky way. commissioned apex bolometer camera laboca bolometer array observing microns advantage excellent started unbiased galactic apex telescope atlasgal covered deg. reveal brighter filamentary. thirds bright infrared counterpart precursors proto proto clusters. harbor cores embedded clusters. clumps sun. introductory preliminary ongoing perspectives
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52460553",
"52697735"
] |
52767293
|
10.1016/j.geoderma.2003.08.017
|
Ferralsols under native vegetation have a weak to moderate macrostructure and a well-developed microstructure corresponding to subrounded microaggregates that are usually 80 to 300 μm in size. The aim of this study was to analyze how the hydraulic properties of a clay Ferralsol were affected by a change of structure when the native vegetation is cleared for pasture. We studied the macrostructure in the field and microstructure in scanning electron microscopy. The water retention properties were determined by using pressure cell equipment. We determined the saturated hydraulic conductivity, Ks, by applying a constant hydraulic head to saturated core samples, and the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, K(Ψ), by applying the evaporation method to undisturbed core samples. Results showed a significant decrease in the water retained at −1 and −10 hPa from 0- to 40-cm-depth when the native vegetation is cleared for pasture. That decrease in the water retained was related to a smaller development of microaggregation and greater proportion of microaggregates in close packing. For smaller water potential, there was no difference of water retained at every depth between native vegetation and pasture. Pedotransfer functions established earlier for Brazilian Ferralsols and using clay content as single predictor gave pretty good results but the precision of the estimation decreased when the water potential increased. This decrease in the precision was related to the lack of predictor taking structure into account. Ks and K(Ψ) showed an upward trend with depth under native vegetation and pasture. Except at 0–7-cm depth between the Brachiaria clumps in the pasture where smaller Ks and K(Ψ) than at the other depth was recorded whatever land use, we did not record any significant difference of Ks and K(Ψ) at every depth between native vegetation and pasture. The upward trend shown by the hydraulic conductivity with depth was related to the increase in the development of microaggregation with depth
|
Change in the hydraulic properties of a Brazilian clay Ferralsol on clearing for pasture.
|
change in the hydraulic properties of a brazilian clay ferralsol on clearing for pasture.
|
ferralsols native vegetation moderate macrostructure microstructure subrounded microaggregates size. analyze hydraulic clay ferralsol native vegetation cleared pasture. macrostructure microstructure scanning microscopy. retention equipment. saturated hydraulic conductivity hydraulic saturated unsaturated hydraulic conductivity evaporation undisturbed samples. retained native vegetation cleared pasture. retained microaggregation proportion microaggregates packing. retained native vegetation pasture. pedotransfer brazilian ferralsols clay predictor gave pretty precision increased. precision predictor account. upward native vegetation pasture. brachiaria clumps pasture whatever record native vegetation pasture. upward hydraulic conductivity microaggregation
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47125378"
] |
52803096
|
10.1051/epjap/2008194
|
International audienceNovel metamaterial, based on wire medium embedded into magnetized ferrite, is studied. Waves in unbounded ferrites filled with wire media, surface wave at the interface of this metamaterial and the air as well as waves in a ferrite slab adjacent to a wire medium are considered. Different geometries of wires arrangement and different magnetization directions are discussed. Effective permeability was introduced for the case where both plasma and magnetic properties take place. Dispersion diagrams and applicability of the Drude model for the description of the wire medium in a host matrix, possessing high permittivity and permeability, are discussed
|
Surface waves in a magnetized ferrite slab filled with a wire medium
|
surface waves in a magnetized ferrite slab filled with a wire medium
|
audiencenovel metamaterial wire embedded magnetized ferrite studied. unbounded ferrites filled wire metamaterial ferrite slab adjacent wire considered. geometries wires arrangement magnetization directions discussed. permeability place. diagrams applicability drude wire possessing permittivity permeability
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48243334"
] |
52809893
|
10.1016/j.mathsocsci.2015.08.003
|
International audienceCoalitional network games are real-valued functions defined on a set of players organized into a network and a coalition structure. We adopt a flexible approach assuming that players organize themselves the best way possible by forming the efficient coalitional network structure. We propose two allocation rules that distribute the value of the efficient coalitional network structure: the atom-based flexible coalitional network allocation rule and the player-based flexible coalitional network allocation rule
|
Allocation rules for coalitional network games
|
allocation rules for coalitional network games
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audiencecoalitional games valued players organized coalition structure. adopt flexible players organize forming coalitional structure. propose allocation distribute coalitional atom flexible coalitional allocation player flexible coalitional allocation
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47336391"
] |
52817275
|
10.1016/j.euroecorev.2013.11.005
|
We investigate experimentally ingratiatory behavior expressed by opinion conformity. Both individuals' performance at a task and their opinions on various topics can be observed before unequal payoffs are assigned by a second mover. In some treatments, first movers can change their opinion after learning that held by the second mover. We find evidence of high ingratiation indices, as opinion conformity is rewarded. However, second movers reward conformity less when it is common knowledge that opinions can be manipulated strategically. Introducing a monetary cost for changing opinion reduces ingratiation. Introducing performance-related pay for the second mover makes ingratiation less rewarding but does not eliminate it completely. Reducing the noise in the measurement of ability has little effect
|
Ingratiation: Experimental Evidence
|
ingratiation: experimental evidence
|
experimentally ingratiatory opinion conformity. opinions topics unequal payoffs assigned mover. treatments movers opinion held mover. ingratiation indices opinion conformity rewarded. movers reward conformity opinions manipulated strategically. introducing monetary changing opinion reduces ingratiation. introducing mover ingratiation rewarding eliminate completely. reducing
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52309474",
"52645929"
] |
52830580
|
10.1016/j.ecosys.2008.07.003
|
ED EPSThis paper analyzes the interaction between migrants income and remittances and between remittances<br />and the labor supply of residents. The model is cast as a two-period game with imperfect information<br />about the residents' real economic situation. Residents subject to a good economic situation may behave as if they were in a poor economic situation only in order to manipulate remitters' expectations. The latter, being aware of this risk, reduce the remitted amount accordingly. Therefore, in the equilibrium, residents who really are victims of the bad economic outlook, are penalized as compared to the perfect information set-up. In some circumstances, they can signal their type by drastically cutting working hours, thus further enhancing their precarity right when their economic situation is the worst
|
Migrant wages, remittances and recipient labour supply in a moral hazard model
|
migrant wages, remittances and recipient labour supply in a moral hazard model
|
epsthis analyzes migrants remittances remittances labor supply residents. cast game imperfect residents situation. residents behave manipulate remitters expectations. aware remitted accordingly. residents really victims outlook penalized perfect circumstances drastically cutting enhancing precarity worst
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47861701",
"47897973"
] |
52851943
|
10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.03.025
|
International audienceA Late Ordovician benthic assemblage containing trilobites (Colpocoryphe, Onnia) and diploporid echinoderms (Aristocystites) taxa that are usually typical of open shelf environments is preserved in protected marine settings in the lower part of the Kermeur Formation (Armorican Massif, NW France). A facies analysis carried out on the Veryac'h section (Crozon Peninsula) allows identification of four sedimentary facies (SF), ranging from the bay/lagoon domain (SF1 and SF2) to the back-barrier (SF3) and barrier (SF4) domains. A benthic fauna comprising of trilobites, brachiopods and diploporids is found in the SF1 and SF2. In SF1, fossils are randomly scattered in sediments (taphofacies 1, TF1) showing two different preservation stages: TF1a with complete articulated skeletons and TF1b with disarticulated shells. These two preservation stages can be related either to the different modes of life of the taxa (i.e., recumbent, burrowing or nektobenthic) or to a composite assemblage with both autochthonous and allochthonous taxa. In this benthic assemblage, some trilobites and echinoderms taxa are mostly preserved either as complete exoskeletons and exuviae (Colpocoryphe grandis) or complete thecae (Aristocystites sp.), indicating an autochthonous origin. These taxa are usually found in low-energy open shelf settings. Their occurrence in a protected environment results from the combination of both allocyclic factors (i.e., change in sea level) and local conditions (i.e., shelf morphology, environmental conditions). Indeed, the lower part of the Kermeur Formation was deposited during a transgressive phase following a significant sea-level fall (Sandbian-Katian boundary). During the transgressive phase, barrier-lagoon systems were formed on the flat surface inherited from the sandbian shelf. Under non-restricted ecological conditions (i.e., normal oxygenation and salinity) in the protected settings, the new ecological niches were suitable for benthic organisms accustomed to open shelf environments. The settlement of these open shelf benthic species in coastal and protected environments may represent an offshore-onshore expansion, contrary to that described in the onshore-offshore diversification model of Phanerozoic shelf communities (Jablonski et al., 1983; Sepkoski, 1991)
|
A Palaeozoic open shelf benthic assemblage in a protected marine environment
|
a palaeozoic open shelf benthic assemblage in a protected marine environment
|
audiencea ordovician benthic assemblage trilobites colpocoryphe onnia diploporid echinoderms aristocystites taxa shelf environments preserved protected marine settings kermeur armorican massif facies veryac crozon peninsula sedimentary facies ranging lagoon barrier barrier domains. benthic fauna comprising trilobites brachiopods diploporids fossils randomly scattered sediments taphofacies preservation articulated skeletons disarticulated shells. preservation taxa i.e. recumbent burrowing nektobenthic composite assemblage autochthonous allochthonous taxa. benthic assemblage trilobites echinoderms taxa mostly preserved exoskeletons exuviae colpocoryphe grandis thecae aristocystites autochthonous origin. taxa shelf settings. occurrence protected allocyclic i.e. i.e. shelf morphology kermeur deposited transgressive fall sandbian katian transgressive barrier lagoon inherited sandbian shelf. restricted ecological i.e. oxygenation salinity protected settings ecological niches benthic organisms accustomed shelf environments. settlement shelf benthic coastal protected environments offshore onshore contrary onshore offshore diversification phanerozoic shelf communities jablonski sepkoski
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48232450",
"52734209"
] |
52895929
|
10.1103/PhysRevE.84.015402
|
International audienceThe possibility of inducing a magnetic field via surface plasma-wave excitation is investigated with a simple nonrelativistic hydrodynamic model. A static magnetic field is predicted at the plasma surface, scaling with the square of the surface-wave field amplitude, and the influence of the electron plasma density is studied. In the case of resonant surface-wave excitation by laser this result can be applied to low intensities such that the electron quiver velocity in the field of the surface wave is less than its thermal velocity
|
Steady magnetic-field generation via surface-plasma-wave excitation
|
steady magnetic-field generation via surface-plasma-wave excitation
|
audiencethe inducing nonrelativistic hydrodynamic model. studied. resonant intensities quiver
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52671099"
] |
52896004
|
10.1002/chem.201500203
|
International audienceThe article deals with the synthesis and the physical properties of polyaromatic hydrocarbons containing P-atom at the edge. In particular, the impact of the successive addition of aromatic rings on the electronic properties was investigated by experimental (UV-vis absorption, fluorescence, cyclic voltammetry) and theoretical studies (DFT). The self-assembly in solution and in solid state was studied, leading to the incorporation of these P-containing PAHs as active emitting material in White OLEDs
|
Synthesis, Electronic Properties and WOLED Devices of Planar Phosphorus-Containing Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
|
synthesis, electronic properties and woled devices of planar phosphorus-containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
|
audiencethe deals polyaromatic hydrocarbons atom edge. successive aromatic rings fluorescence cyclic voltammetry assembly incorporation pahs emitting oleds
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48153794",
"52295403",
"52671411"
] |
52896227
|
10.1016/j.icarus.2009.04.037
|
International audienceRecent geological observations in the northern mid-latitudes of Mars show evidence for past glacial activity during the late Amazonian, similar to the integrated glacial landsystems in the Dry Valleys of Antarctica. The large accumulation of ice (many hundreds of meters) required to create the observed glacial deposits points to significant atmospheric precipitation, snow and ice accumulation, and glacial flow. In order to understand the climate scenario required for these conditions, we used the LMD (Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique) Mars GCM (General Circulation Model), which is able to reproduce the present-day water cycle, and to predict past deposition of ice consistent with geological observations in many cases. Prior to this analysis, however, significant mid-latitude glaciation had not been simulated by the model, run under a range of parameters.In this analysis, we studied the response of the GCM to a wider range of orbital configurations and water ice reservoirs, and show that during periods of moderate obliquity (ϵ = 25–35°) and high dust opacity (τdust = 1.5–2.5), broad-scale glaciation in the northern mid-latitudes occurs if water ice deposited on the flanks of the Tharsis volcanoes at higher obliquity is available for sublimation. We find that high dust contents of the atmosphere increase its water vapor holding capacity, thereby moving the saturation region to the northern mid-latitudes. Precipitation events are then controlled by topographic forcing of stationary planetary waves and transient weather systems, producing surface ice distribution and amounts that are consistent with the geological record. Ice accumulation rates of ∼10 mm yr−1 lead to the formation of a 500–1000 m thick regional ice sheet that will produce glacial flow patterns consistent with the geological observations
|
Amazonian Northern Mid-Latitude Glaciation on Mars: A Proposed Climate Scenario
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amazonian northern mid-latitude glaciation on mars: a proposed climate scenario
|
audiencerecent geological northern latitudes mars glacial amazonian glacial landsystems valleys antarctica. accumulation hundreds meters create glacial deposits precipitation snow accumulation glacial flow. laboratoire météorologie dynamique mars circulation reproduce predict deposition geological cases. latitude glaciation parameters.in wider orbital configurations reservoirs moderate obliquity opacity τdust broad glaciation northern latitudes deposited flanks tharsis volcanoes obliquity sublimation. contents atmosphere vapor holding thereby moving saturation northern latitudes. precipitation topographic forcing stationary planetary transient weather producing amounts geological record. accumulation thick sheet glacial geological
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52659899",
"52711203"
] |
52907840
|
10.1007/s00332-010-9061-2
|
International audienceWe revisit in a 2d setting the notion of energy release rate, which plays a pivotal role in brittle fracture. Through a blow-up method, we extend that notion to crack patterns which are merely closed sets connected to the crack tip. As an application, we demonstrate that, modulo a simple meta-stability principle, a moving crack cannot generically kink while growing continuously in time. This last result potentially renders obsolete in our opinion a longstanding debate in fracture mechanics on the correct criterion for kinking
|
Revisiting energy release rates in brittle fracture
|
revisiting energy release rates in brittle fracture
|
audiencewe revisit notion plays pivotal brittle fracture. blow extend notion crack merely crack tip. modulo meta moving crack generically kink growing continuously time. potentially renders obsolete opinion longstanding debate fracture mechanics criterion kinking
|
exact_dup
|
[
"51233224",
"51444519"
] |
52952131
|
10.1073/pnas.1308149110
|
We present a unique, biologically consistent, spatially disaggregated global livestock dataset containing information on biomass use, production, feed efficiency, excretion, and greenhouse gas emissions for 28 regions, 8 livestock production systems, 4 animal species (cattle, small ruminants, pigs, and poultry), and 3 livestock products (milk, meat, and eggs). The dataset contains over 50 new global maps containing high-resolution information for understanding the multiple roles (biophysical, economic, social) that livestock can play in different parts of the world. The dataset highlights: (i) feed efficiency as a key driver of productivity, resource use, and greenhouse gas emission intensities, with vast differences between production systems and animal products; (ii) the importance of grasslands as a global resource, supplying almost 50% of biomass for animals while continuing to be at the epicentre of land conversion processes; and (iii) the importance of mixed crop-livestock systems, producing the greater part of animal production (over 60%) in both the developed and the developing world. These data provide critical information for developing targeted, sustainable solutions for the livestock sector and its widely ranging contribution to the global food system
|
Biomass use, production, feed efficiencies, and greenhouse gas emissions from global livestock systems
|
biomass use, production, feed efficiencies, and greenhouse gas emissions from global livestock systems
|
biologically spatially disaggregated livestock dataset biomass feed excretion greenhouse livestock cattle ruminants pigs poultry livestock milk meat eggs dataset roles biophysical livestock world. dataset highlights feed driver productivity resource greenhouse intensities vast grasslands resource supplying biomass continuing epicentre conversion crop livestock producing world. targeted sustainable livestock widely ranging
|
exact_dup
|
[
"33901775"
] |
53019203
|
10.1007/s00211-009-0258-y
|
International audienceWe consider {\em discretized} Hamiltonian PDEs associated with a Hamiltonian function that can be split into a linear unbounded operator and a regular nonlinear part. We consider splitting methods associated with this decomposition. Using a finite dimensional Birkhoff normal form result, we show the almost preservation of the {\em actions} of the numerical solution associated with the splitting method over arbitrary long time, provided the Sobolev norms of the initial data is small enough, and for asymptotically large level of space approximation. This result holds under {\em generic} non resonance conditions on the frequencies of the linear operator and on the step size. We apply this results to nonlinear Schrödinger equations as well as the nonlinear wave equation.
|
Birkhoff normal form for splitting methods applied to semilinear Hamiltonian PDEs. Part I: Finite dimensional discretization.
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birkhoff normal form for splitting methods applied to semilinear hamiltonian pdes. part i: finite dimensional discretization.
|
audiencewe discretized pdes split unbounded part. splitting decomposition. birkhoff preservation splitting sobolev norms asymptotically approximation. generic size. schrödinger equation.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48257198"
] |
53173752
|
10.1016/j.matlet.2012.04.096
|
The synthesis of Ho3 +–Yb3 + codoped titanate nanotubes was carried out successfully via a hydrothermal treatment method from a precursor powder. These novel nanotubes treated at RT, 100 °C and 280 °C were studied with the aim of determining their structural and optical properties. As the thermal treatment was increased, their upconversion emission becomes stronger. This behavior was related to reduction of hydroxyl groups and the water on the surface, which resulted in changes in the interlayer distances of the nanotubes
|
Upconverting Ho–Yb doped titanate nanotubes
|
upconverting ho–yb doped titanate nanotubes
|
codoped titanate nanotubes successfully hydrothermal precursor powder. nanotubes determining properties. upconversion stronger. hydroxyl resulted interlayer distances nanotubes
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exact_dup
|
[
"41133215"
] |
54025635
|
10.1007/s00208-011-0648-1
|
International audienceWe describe a method to show short time uniqueness results for viscosity solutions of general nonlocal and non-monotone second-order geometric equations arising in front propagation problems. Our method is based on some lower gradient bounds for the solution. These estimates are crucial to obtain regularity properties of the front, which allow to deal with nonlocal terms in the equations. Applications to short time uniqueness results for the initial value problems for dislocation type equations, asymptotic equations of a FitzHugh-Nagumo type system and equations depending on the Lebesgue measure of the fronts are presented
|
Short Time Uniqueness Results for Solutions of Nonlocal and Non-monotone Geometric Equations
|
short time uniqueness results for solutions of nonlocal and non-monotone geometric equations
|
audiencewe uniqueness viscosity nonlocal monotone geometric arising front propagation problems. bounds solution. crucial regularity front deal nonlocal equations. uniqueness dislocation asymptotic fitzhugh nagumo lebesgue fronts
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48242686"
] |
56640694
|
10.1103/PhysRevB.61.12654
|
Ultraviolet anti-Stokes photoluminescence (PL) is observed in InxGa1-xN/GaN multiple quantum wells. The observed anti-Stokes PL exhibits a quadratic dependence on the excitation energy density. Anti-Stokes PL excitation spectrum is proportional to the optical absorption spectrum of the InxGa1-xN quantum wells. Time-resolved PL measurement shows that a decay of the anti-Stokes PL is slower than that of the GaN PL under the excitation above the band gap of the GaN barrier, and it is half the time constant of the InxGa1-xN PL decay. A two-step two-photon absorption process is directly observed by means of two-color pump-and-probe experiment. It is considered that the anti-Stokes PL is caused by a two-step two-photon absorption process involving a localized state in the InxGa1-xN quantum wells as the intermediate state, and that the second absorption step is provided by photon recycling of the InxGa1-xN PL
|
Ultraviolet anti-Stokes photoluminescence in InxGa1-xN/GaN quantum-well structures
|
ultraviolet anti-stokes photoluminescence in inxga1-xn/gan quantum-well structures
|
ultraviolet stokes photoluminescence inxga wells. stokes exhibits quadratic density. stokes inxga wells. resolved stokes slower barrier inxga decay. pump experiment. stokes involving localized inxga wells recycling inxga
|
exact_dup
|
[
"147422223",
"59244352"
] |
59119803
|
10.1103/PhysRevB.62.11581
|
We have succeeded in synthesizing filled skutterudite-type structure compounds GdRu4P12 and TbRu4P12 under high pressure. The magnetic properties of GdRu4P12 and TbRu4P12 have been studied by means of electrical resistivity, magnetic susceptibility, and magnetization measurements. Magnetic experiments suggest that the Gd and Tb ions in the compounds have trivalent state. The compound GdRu4P12 displays features that suggest the occurrence of antiferromagnetic ordering below TN=22 K. In TbRu4P12, thermal variation of magnetic susceptibility indicates the existence of two successive magnetic transitions (TN=20 K and T1=10 K). Magnetization up to 18 T exhibits two-step metamagnetic transitions below T1 for TbRu4P12
|
Magnetic properties of the filled skutterudite-type structure compounds GdRu4P12 and TbRu4P12 synthesized under high pressure
|
magnetic properties of the filled skutterudite-type structure compounds gdru4p12 and tbru4p12 synthesized under high pressure
|
succeeded synthesizing filled skutterudite gdru tbru pressure. gdru tbru electrical resistivity susceptibility magnetization measurements. trivalent state. compound gdru displays occurrence antiferromagnetic ordering tbru susceptibility successive magnetization exhibits metamagnetic tbru
|
exact_dup
|
[
"147422226",
"59244360"
] |
74372259
|
10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2013.03.011
|
Economic damage from natural hazards can sometimes be prevented and always mitigated. However, private individuals tend to underinvest in such measures due to problems of collective action, information asymmetry and myopic behavior. Governments, which can in principle correct these market failures, themselves face incentives to underinvest in costly disaster prevention policies and damage mitigation regulations. Yet, disaster damage varies greatly across countries. We argue that rational actors will invest more in trying to prevent and mitigate damage the larger a country's propensity to experience frequent and strong natural hazards. Accordingly, economic loss from an actually occurring disaster will be smaller the larger a country's disaster propensity – holding everything else equal, such as hazard magnitude, the country's total wealth and per capita income. At the same time, damage is not entirely preventable and smaller losses tend to be random. Disaster propensity will therefore have a larger marginal effect on larger predicted damages than on smaller ones. We employ quantile regression analysis in a global sample to test these predictions, focusing on the three disaster types causing the vast majority of damage worldwide: earthquakes, floods and tropical cyclones
|
The political economy of natural disaster damage
|
the political economy of natural disaster damage
|
hazards sometimes prevented mitigated. private tend underinvest collective asymmetry myopic behavior. governments failures incentives underinvest costly disaster prevention policies mitigation regulations. disaster varies greatly countries. argue rational actors invest trying prevent mitigate propensity frequent hazards. accordingly occurring disaster disaster propensity holding everything else hazard wealth capita income. entirely preventable losses tend random. disaster propensity marginal damages ones. employ quantile focusing disaster causing vast majority worldwide earthquakes floods tropical cyclones
|
exact_dup
|
[
"16379473"
] |
77025149
|
10.1063/1.4961541
|
When a colloid is mixed with a depletant such as a non-adsorbing polymer, one observes attractive effective interactions between the colloidal particles. If these particles are anisotropic, analysis of these effective interactions is challenging in general. We present a method for inference of approximate (coarse-grained) effective interaction potentials between such anisotropic particles. Using the example of indented (lock-and-key) colloids, we show how numerical solutions can be used to integrate out the (hard sphere) depletant, leading to a depletion potential that accurately characterises the effective interactions. The accuracy of the method is based on matching of contributions to the second virial coefficient of the colloids. The simplest version of our method yields a piecewise-constant effective potential; we also show how this scheme can be generalised to other functional forms, where appropriate
|
Coarse-grained depletion potentials for anisotropic colloids: application to lock-and-key systems
|
coarse-grained depletion potentials for anisotropic colloids: application to lock-and-key systems
|
colloid depletant adsorbing polymer observes attractive colloidal particles. anisotropic challenging general. inference approximate coarse grained potentials anisotropic particles. indented lock colloids integrate sphere depletant depletion accurately characterises interactions. matching virial colloids. simplest piecewise generalised
|
exact_dup
|
[
"42746084"
] |
77230802
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.05.108
|
Gas diffusion electrodes are commonly used in high energy density metal-air batteries for the supply of oxygen. Hydrophobic binder materials ensure the coexistence of gas and liquid phase in the pore network. The phase distribution has a strong influence on transport processes and electrochemical reactions. In this article we present 2D and 3D Rothman-Keller type multiphase Lattice-Boltzmann models which take into account the heterogeneous wetting behavior of gas diffusion electrodes. The simulations are performed on FIB-SEM 3D reconstructions of an Ag model electrode for predefined saturation of the pore space with the liquid phase. The resulting pressure-saturation characteristics and transport correlations are important input parameters for modeling approaches on the continuum scale and allow for an efficient development of improved gas diffusion electrodes
|
Characterization of gas diffusion electrodes for metal-air batteries
|
characterization of gas diffusion electrodes for metal-air batteries
|
electrodes commonly batteries supply oxygen. hydrophobic binder ensure coexistence pore network. electrochemical reactions. rothman keller multiphase boltzmann heterogeneous wetting electrodes. reconstructions electrode predefined saturation pore phase. saturation continuum electrodes
|
exact_dup
|
[
"78510066"
] |
83641514
|
10.1007/s12667-016-0222-8
|
We propose and explore financial instruments supporting programs for reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (FI-REDD). Within a microeconomic framework we model interactions between an electricity producer (EP), electricity consumer (EC), and forest owner (FO). To keep their profit at a maximum, the EP responds to increasing CO2 prices by adjusting electricity quantities generated by different technologies and charging a higher electricity price to the EC. The EP can prepare for future high (uncertain) CO2 prices by employing FI-REDD: they can purchase an amount of offsets under an unknown future CO2 price and later, when the CO2 price is discovered, decide how many of these offsets to use for actually offsetting emissions and sell the rest on the market, sharing the revenue with the FO. FI-REDD allows for optional consumption of emission offsets by the EP (any amount up to the initially contracted volume is allowed), and includes a benefit-sharing mechanism between the EP and FO as it regards unused offsets. The modeling results indicate that FI-REDD might help avoid bankruptcy of CO2-intensive producers at high levels of CO2 prices and therefore serve as a stabilizing mechanism during the transition of energy systems to greener technologies. The analytical results demonstrate the limits for potential market size explained by existing uncertainties. We illustrated that when suppliers and consumers of REDD offsets have asymmetric information on future CO2 prices, benefit-sharing increases the contracted REDD offsets quantity
|
CO2 -intensive power generation and REDD-based emission offsets with a benefit-sharing mechanism
|
co2 -intensive power generation and redd-based emission offsets with a benefit-sharing mechanism
|
propose explore instruments supporting programs reducing deforestation forest degradation redd microeconomic electricity producer electricity consumer forest owner keep profit responds prices adjusting electricity quantities technologies charging electricity prepare uncertain prices employing redd purchase offsets unknown discovered decide offsets offsetting sell sharing revenue redd optional offsets initially contracted benefit sharing regards unused offsets. redd avoid bankruptcy intensive producers prices serve stabilizing greener technologies. uncertainties. illustrated suppliers consumers redd offsets asymmetric prices benefit sharing contracted redd offsets quantity
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52955312"
] |
84139069
|
10.1088/0964-1726/25/6/065018
|
In our work we present the complete development process of geometrically complex microvascular shape-memory polymer actuators. The complex geometries and three-dimensional networks are designed by means of computer aided design resources. Manufacture is accomplished, in a single step, by means of laser stereolithography, directly from the computeraided design files with the three dimensional geometries of the different actuators under development. To our knowledge, laser stereolithography is applied here for the first time to the development of shape memory polymer devices with complex geometries and inner microvasculatures for their activation using a thermal fluid. Final testing of the developed actuators helps to validate the approach and to put forward some present challenges
|
Micro-vascular shape-memory polymer actuators with complex geometries obtaines by laser stereolithography
|
micro-vascular shape-memory polymer actuators with complex geometries obtaines by laser stereolithography
|
geometrically microvascular polymer actuators. geometries aided resources. manufacture accomplished stereolithography computeraided files geometries actuators development. stereolithography polymer devices geometries microvasculatures fluid. actuators helps validate challenges
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148687661"
] |
84139143
|
10.1103/PhysRevApplied.6.014001
|
We present a simple method to quantify the magnitude of luminescent coupling (LC) between stacked subcells in multijunction photovoltaic devices. The effect of luminescence produced at high-band-gap subcells on underlying low-gap units within the same device can be directly accessed as a measurable open-circuit voltage difference by comparing two photovoltage spectra. Additionally, our study unambiguously identifies LC as the modulation mechanism across multijunction solar cells generating a response from buried subcells in photoreflectance measurements
|
Quantitative determination of luminescent coupling in multijunction solar cells from spectral photovoltage measurements
|
quantitative determination of luminescent coupling in multijunction solar cells from spectral photovoltage measurements
|
quantify luminescent stacked subcells multijunction photovoltaic devices. luminescence subcells accessed measurable circuit photovoltage spectra. additionally unambiguously identifies modulation multijunction generating buried subcells photoreflectance
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148682374",
"148687792"
] |
9550517
|
10.1016/j.carbon.2011.08.074
|
We have designed a drug delivery system for the anti-cancer drugs doxorubicin and mitoxantrone based on carbon nanotubes, which is stable under biological conditions, allows for sustained release, and promotes selectivity through an active targeting scheme. Carbon nanotubes are particularly promising for this area of application due to their high surface area, allowing for high drug loading, and their unique interaction with cellular membranes. We have taken a systematic approach to PEG conjugation in order to create a formulation of stable and therapeutically effective CNTs. The presented drug delivery system may be a means of improving cancer treatment modalities by reducing drug-related side effects
|
Drug loading, dispersion stability, and therapeutic efficacy in targeted drug delivery with carbon nanotubes
|
drug loading, dispersion stability, and therapeutic efficacy in targeted drug delivery with carbon nanotubes
|
delivery drugs doxorubicin mitoxantrone nanotubes sustained promotes selectivity targeting scheme. nanotubes promising allowing loading membranes. conjugation create formulation therapeutically cnts. delivery improving modalities reducing
|
exact_dup
|
[
"397335"
] |
11991597
|
10.1007/s10044-007-0084-8
|
We introduce a system that processes a sequence of images of a front-facing human face and recognises a set of facial expressions. We use an efficient appearance-based face tracker to locate the face in the image sequence and estimate the deformation of its non-rigid components. The tracker works in real-time. It is robust to strong illumination changes and factors out changes in appearance caused by illumination from changes due to face deformation. We adopt a model-based approach for facial expression recognition. In our model, an image of a face is represented by a point in a deformation space. The variability of the classes of images associated to facial expressions are represented by a set of samples which model a low-dimensional manifold in the space of deformations. We introduce a probabilistic procedure based on a nearest-neighbour approach to combine the information provided by the incoming image sequence with the prior information stored in the expression manifold in order to compute a posterior probability associated to a facial expression. In the experiments conducted we show that this system is able to work in an unconstrained environment with strong changes in illumination and face location. It achieves an 89\% recognition rate in a set of 333 sequences from the Cohn-Kanade data base
|
Recognising facial expressions in video sequences
|
recognising facial expressions in video sequences
|
front facing recognises facial expressions. appearance tracker locate deformation rigid components. tracker time. robust illumination appearance illumination deformation. adopt facial recognition. deformation space. facial expressions manifold deformations. probabilistic nearest neighbour combine incoming stored manifold posterior facial expression. unconstrained illumination location. achieves recognition cohn kanade
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148652973"
] |
11992433
|
10.1007/s10342-008-0247-1
|
Understanding the spatial and temporal variation in soil respiration within small geographic areas is essential to accurately assess the carbon budget on a global scale. In this study, we investigated the factors controlling soil respiration in an altitudinal gradient in a southern Mediterranean mixed pine–oak forest ecosystem in the north face of the Sierra de Guadarrama in Spain. Soil respiration was measured in five Pinus sylvestris L. plots over a period of 1 year by means of a closed dynamic system (LI-COR 6400). Soil temperature and water content were measured at the same time as soil respiration. Other soil physico-chemical and microbiological properties were measured during the study. Measured soil respiration ranged from 6.8 to 1.4 lmol m-2 s-1, showing the highest values at plots situated at higher elevation. Q10 values ranged between 1.30 and 2.04, while R10 values ranged between 2.0 and 3.6. The results indicate that the seasonal variation of soil respiration was mainly controlled by soil temperature and moisture. Among sites, soil carbon and nitrogen stocks regulate soil respiration in addition to soil temperature and moisture. Our results suggest that application of standard models to estimate soil respiration for small geographic areas may not be adequate unless other factors are considered in addition to soil temperature
|
Carbon dioxide fluxes across the Sierra de Guadarrama, Spain
|
carbon dioxide fluxes across the sierra de guadarrama, spain
|
respiration geographic accurately budget scale. controlling respiration altitudinal southern mediterranean pine forest ecosystem sierra guadarrama spain. respiration pinus sylvestris plots respiration. physico microbiological study. respiration ranged lmol plots situated elevation. ranged ranged seasonal respiration moisture. nitrogen stocks regulate respiration moisture. respiration geographic adequate unless
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148653823"
] |
11994311
|
10.1103/PhysRevE.79.046401
|
A paradigm for Hall discharge modeling is presented whereby only the time scale of the lowest-frequency mode is explicitly resolved. The ability of such a low-frequency model to reproduce with excellent accuracy the breathing mode is demonstrated through comparisons with a fully time-dependent numerical model. Based on this formalism, an approximate linearized model is derived which essentially constitutes a one-dimensional generalization of the classical zero-dimensional predator-prey model. The model highlights the interaction of standing plasma waves with the transport of neutral species, which involves standing and convective waves of similar magnitude. It predicts a frequency which is in close agreement with the frequency of the small perturbation modes observed in simulations. Finally, it is shown that unstable modes are in general strongly nonlinear and characterized by frequencies obeying a scaling law different from that of linear modes
|
Low-frequency model of breathing oscillations in Hall discharges
|
low-frequency model of breathing oscillations in hall discharges
|
paradigm hall discharge whereby explicitly resolved. reproduce excellent breathing comparisons model. formalism approximate linearized essentially constitutes generalization predator prey model. highlights standing neutral involves standing convective magnitude. predicts perturbation simulations. unstable obeying
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148655596"
] |
11995458
|
10.1088/0741-3335/52/12/12404
|
Fast ignition is a new scheme in laser fusion, in which higher energy gain with a smaller laser pulse energy is expected. A cone target has been introduced for realizing higher coupling efficiency. At ILE, Osaka University, a laser with four beams and a total output of 10 kJ ps−1, laser for fast ignition experiment (LFEX), has been constructed and we have carried out an integrated experiment with one beam of the LFEX. Through experiments it was found that the coupling efficiency is degraded when the laser pre-pulse is not sufficiently small. Namely, the main pulse is absorbed in the long-scale pre-plasma produced by the pre-pulse and the hot electron energy is higher than that for a clean pulse. Furthermore, the distance between the hot electron source and the core plasma is large. Hence, we are exploring how to overcome the pre-pulse effects on the cone target.\ud
In this paper it is proposed that a thin foil covers the laser entrance of the cone to mitigate the pre-plasma and a double cone reduces the loss of high-energy electrons from the side wall of the cone. The simulations indicate that a higher coupling efficiency is expected for the double cone target with a thin foil at the laser entrance. Namely, the pre-pulse will be absorbed by the foil and the electromagnetic fields generated on the surface of the inner cone will confine high-energy electrons
|
FIREX project and effects of self-generated electric and magnetic fields on electron-driven fast ignition.
|
firex project and effects of self-generated electric and magnetic fields on electron-driven fast ignition.
|
ignition fusion expected. cone realizing efficiency. osaka beams ignition lfex lfex. degraded sufficiently small. absorbed clean pulse. large. exploring overcome cone target. foil covers entrance cone mitigate cone reduces cone. cone foil entrance. absorbed foil electromagnetic cone confine
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148656871"
] |
12030331
|
10.1016/j.habitatint.2007.11.006
|
The housing industry is crucial to the sustainable development in Malaysia. The efficiency and effectiveness of the housing delivery system requires housing provision for all. The housing industry, which had grown rapidly in the 1980s encountered property oversupply recently. The majority of these units remain unsold for reasons beyond price factor, ranging from poor location to unattractive houses. The main objective of this paper is to tackle property oversupply in the country by examining a detailed knowledge of home owning determinants. Homeownership should be encouraged as positive externalities of homeownership can be found in many housing surveys. Homeownership is a complex issue that is the result of many determinants, including housing characteristics (house types and property types), employment and income trends, socio-cultural and demographic descriptors. In addition to determinants, efforts needed to reduce regulatory barriers in the housing delivery system that can significantly increase the cost of producing houses. The government should make home financing more available and affordable by providing subsidies to low income families and creating incentives to save for homeownership. Efforts also needed to extend opportunities to enhance the affordability of homeownership by liberalizing rules and regulation of Employee Provident Fund (EPF) withdrawal.
|
Determinants of homeownership in Malaysia
|
determinants of homeownership in malaysia
|
housing crucial sustainable malaysia. effectiveness housing delivery housing provision all. housing grown rapidly encountered oversupply recently. majority unsold reasons ranging unattractive houses. tackle oversupply examining home owning determinants. homeownership encouraged externalities homeownership housing surveys. homeownership determinants housing house employment socio cultural demographic descriptors. determinants efforts regulatory barriers housing delivery producing houses. home financing affordable subsidies families creating incentives save homeownership. efforts extend opportunities enhance affordability homeownership liberalizing employee provident fund withdrawal.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"12030356"
] |
12161878
|
10.1016/j.jebo.2009.02.007
|
In the hold-up problem incomplete contracts cause the proceeds of relation specific investments to be allocated by ex-post bargaining. The present paper investigates the efficiency of incomplete contracts if individuals have heterogeneous preferences implying heterogeneous bargaining behavior and - equally important - preferences are private information. As the sunk investment costs can thus potentially signal preferences, they can influence beliefs and consequently bargaining outcomes. The necessities of signalling are shown to generate very strong investment incentives. These incentives are based on the desire not to reveal information that is unfavorable in the ensuing bargaining. After finding all perfect Bayesian equilibria in pure strategies, the paper derives the necessary and sufficient conditions under which it is optimal to invest and trade efficiently.
|
Bargaining under Incomplete Information, Fairness, and the Hold-Up Problem
|
bargaining under incomplete information, fairness, and the hold-up problem
|
hold incomplete contracts proceeds investments allocated bargaining. investigates incomplete contracts heterogeneous preferences implying heterogeneous bargaining equally preferences private information. sunk investment potentially preferences beliefs bargaining outcomes. necessities signalling investment incentives. incentives desire reveal unfavorable ensuing bargaining. perfect bayesian equilibria derives invest trade efficiently.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"12173920"
] |
143404947
|
10.1016/j.medengphy.2015.08.011
|
Postural control deficits are the most disabling aspects of Parkinson's disease (PD), resulting in decreased mobility and functional independence. The aim of this study was to assess the postural control stability, revealed by variables based on the centre of pressure (CoP), in individuals with PD while performing a sit-to-stand-to-sit sequence under single- and dual-task conditions. An observational, analytical and cross-sectional study was performed. The sample consisted of 9 individuals with PD and 9 healthy controls. A force platform was used to measure the CoP displacement and velocity during the sit-to-stand-to-sit sequence. The results were statistically analysed. Individuals with PD required greater durations for the sit-to-stand-to-sit sequence than the controls (p < 0.05). The anteroposterior and mediolateral CoP displacement were higher in the individuals with PD (p < 0.05). However, only the anteroposterior CoP velocity in the stand-to-sit phase (p = 0.006) was lower in the same individuals. Comparing the single- and dual-task conditions in both groups, the duration, the anteroposterior CoP displacement and velocity were higher in the dual-task condition (p < 0.05). The individuals with PD presented reduced postural control stability during the sit-to-stand-to-sit sequence, especially when under the dual-task condition. These individuals have deficits not only in motor performance, but also in cognitive performance when performing the sit-to-stand-to-sit sequence in their daily life tasks. Moreover, both deficits tend to be intensified when two tasks are performed simultaneously
|
Influence of dual-task on sit-to-stand-to-sit postural control in Parkinson's disease
|
influence of dual-task on sit-to-stand-to-sit postural control in parkinson's disease
|
postural deficits disabling parkinson mobility independence. postural performing stand conditions. observational sectional performed. consisted healthy controls. platform displacement stand sequence. statistically analysed. durations stand anteroposterior mediolateral displacement anteroposterior stand individuals. anteroposterior displacement postural stand condition. deficits motor performing stand tasks. deficits tend intensified tasks simultaneously
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47141558"
] |
143692413
|
10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2013.06.007
|
The indentation response of glasses can be classified under three headings: normal, anomalous and intermediate, depending on the deformation mechanism and the cracking response. Silica glass, as a typical anomalous glass, deforms primarily by densification and has a strong tendency to form cone cracks that can accompany median, radial and lateral cracks when indented with a Vickers tip. This is due to its propensity to deform elastically by resisting plastic flow. Several investigations of this anomalous behavior can be found in the literature. The present paper serves to corroborate these results numerically using the discrete element method. A new pressure-densification model is developed in this work that allows for a quantitative estimate of the densification under very high pressure. This model is applied to simulate the Vickers indentation response of silica glass under various indentation forces using the discrete element method first, and then a discrete–continuum coupling method with large simulation domains to suppress the side effects and reduce the computational time. This coupling involves the discrete element method (DEM) and the constrained natural element method (CNEM). The numerical results obtained in this work compare favorably with past experimental results
|
Simulation of Vickers indentation of silica glass
|
simulation of vickers indentation of silica glass
|
indentation glasses classified headings anomalous deformation cracking response. silica glass anomalous glass deforms primarily densification tendency cone cracks accompany lateral cracks indented vickers tip. propensity deform elastically resisting plastic flow. investigations anomalous literature. serves corroborate numerically method. densification densification pressure. simulate vickers indentation silica glass indentation forces discrete–continuum suppress time. involves constrained cnem favorably
|
exact_dup
|
[
"18292684"
] |
143696702
|
10.1007/978-3-319-45781-9_12
|
Abstract The concept of mobile manufacturing systems is presented in the literature as an enabler for improving company competitiveness by cost reduction, delay respect and quality control. In comparison with classical sedentary systems, added characteristics should be taken into consideration, such as the system life phases, the dependency to the production location, human qualification as well as means supply constraints. Such considerations might be addressed as soon as possible in the design process. This paper aims at presenting a contribution for the design of mobile manufacturing systems based on three analysis: (1) an analysis of the mobile manufacturing system features (2) an identification of the attributes enabling the system mobility assessment, and (3) the proposal of a framework for mobile production system design considering new contextspecific decision criteria.SOLR
|
Framework definition for the design of a mobile manufacturing system
|
framework definition for the design of a mobile manufacturing system
|
mobile manufacturing enabler improving company competitiveness delay control. sedentary consideration dependency qualification supply constraints. considerations addressed soon process. aims presenting mobile manufacturing mobile manufacturing attributes enabling mobility proposal mobile contextspecific criteria.solr
|
exact_dup
|
[
"83615748"
] |
144012944
|
10.1002/aic.690440908
|
This article introduces a framework for including different uncertainties at the chemical plant design stage. Through an integrated robust optimization approach and problem formulation, equipment, operating, control, and quality costs are simultaneously taken into account, leading to system, parameter, and tolerance design. Rather than using single pointwise solutions in the decision space, operating windows leading to overall best performance are identified and defined. Such windows and their width allow us to point out control needs and goals at a very early stage of plant design. Two small-scale case studies (for a CSTR and a batch distillation column) provide enough evidence to support the practicality of the optimization framework: the robust solutions found are different and much better than the corresponding solutions obtained with the fully deterministic optimization paradigms.http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.69044090
|
Robust optimization framework for process parameter and tolerance design
|
robust optimization framework for process parameter and tolerance design
|
introduces stage. robust formulation equipment operating simultaneously tolerance design. pointwise operating windows defined. windows goals design. cstr batch distillation practicality robust deterministic paradigms. aic.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"19125488"
] |
144013120
|
10.1002/dmrr.423
|
Renal disease associated with diabetes mellitus is a major problem among diabetic patients. The role of mitochondria in the pathogenesis of diabetes has received a large amount of attention in the last years, but many aspects of this subject are still poorly understood. In the present study, we studied the susceptibility of the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) on kidney mitochondria from the Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rat, an animal model featuring physiological and pathological alterations characteristic of type 2 diabetes.Kidney mitochondria were isolated by differential centrifugations; mitochondrial electric transmembrane potential and calcium loading capacity were evaluated with a TPP+-selective electrode and with a calcium-sensitive fluorescent probe. Coenzyme Q9, Q10 and vitamin E were evaluated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Kidney mitochondria from the diabetic animals had an increased susceptibility to the induction of the MPT by calcium. We observed a loss of calcium-loading capacity and a higher calcium-induced mitochondrial depolarization. Vitamin E and coenzyme Q9 were also increased in kidney mitochondria from GK rats.The results show an enhanced MPT activation in kidney mitochondria from GK rats, which lead us to suggest that this condition may be one major alteration triggered by chronic diabetes in kidney cells, ultimately leading to cell dysfunction. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.42
|
Calcium-dependent mitochondrial permeability transition is augmented in the kidney of Goto-Kakizaki diabetic rat
|
calcium-dependent mitochondrial permeability transition is augmented in the kidney of goto-kakizaki diabetic rat
|
mellitus diabetic patients. mitochondria pathogenesis poorly understood. susceptibility mitochondrial permeability kidney mitochondria goto kakizaki featuring physiological pathological alterations diabetes.kidney mitochondria centrifugations mitochondrial transmembrane calcium loading selective electrode calcium fluorescent probe. coenzyme vitamin chromatography hplc .kidney mitochondria diabetic susceptibility calcium. calcium loading calcium mitochondrial depolarization. vitamin coenzyme kidney mitochondria rats.the kidney mitochondria rats alteration triggered kidney ultimately dysfunction. dmrr.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"19125616"
] |
144014082
|
10.1007/s10659-006-9072-2
|
Abstract We apply the asymptotic analysis procedure to the three-dimensional static equations of piezoelectricity, for a linear nonhomogeneous anisotropic thin rod. We prove the weak convergence of the rod mechanical displacement vectors and the rod electric potentials, when the diameter of the rod cross-section tends to zero. This weak limit is the solution of a new piezoelectric anisotropic nonhomogeneous rod model, which is a system of coupled equations, with generalized Bernoulli–Navier equilibrium equations and reduced Maxwell–Gauss equations.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10659-006-9072-
|
A Generalized Piezoelectric Bernoulli–Navier Anisotropic Rod Model
|
a generalized piezoelectric bernoulli–navier anisotropic rod model
|
asymptotic piezoelectricity nonhomogeneous anisotropic rod. displacement potentials tends zero. piezoelectric anisotropic nonhomogeneous bernoulli–navier maxwell–gauss equations.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"19126159"
] |
147422142
|
10.1063/1.2424438
|
Intense red photoluminescence (PL) under ultraviolet (UV) excitation was observed in epitaxially grown Pr-doped Ca0.6Sr0.4TiO3 perovskite films. The films were grown on SrTiO3 (100) substrates by pulsed laser deposition, and their epitaxial growth was confirmed by x-ray diffraction and reflected high-energy electron diffraction. The observed sharp PL peak centered at 610 nm was assigned to the transition of Pr3+ ions from the 1D2 state to the 3H4 state. The PL intensity was markedly enhanced by postannealing treatments at 1000 °C, above the film-growth temperature of 600 or 800 °C. Because the excitation and absorption spectra are similar to each other, it was suggested that the UV energy absorbed by the host lattice was transferred to the Pr ions, resulting in the red luminescence
|
Red photoluminescence in praseodymium-doped titanate perovskite films epitaxially grown by pulsed laser deposition
|
red photoluminescence in praseodymium-doped titanate perovskite films epitaxially grown by pulsed laser deposition
|
intense photoluminescence ultraviolet epitaxially grown doped perovskite films. films grown srtio substrates pulsed deposition epitaxial confirmed diffraction reflected diffraction. sharp centered assigned state. markedly postannealing treatments film absorbed transferred luminescence
|
exact_dup
|
[
"59244009"
] |
147426500
|
10.1007/s10543-014-0485-1
|
In order to simulate stiff biochemical reaction systems, an explicit exponential Euler scheme is derived for multi-dimensional, non-commutative stochastic differential equations with a semilinear drift term. The scheme is of strong order one half and A-stable in mean square. The combination with this and the projection method shows good performance in numerical experiments dealing with an alternative formulation of the chemical Langevin equation for a human ether a-go-go related gene ion channel model
|
A stochastic exponential Euler scheme for simulation of stiff biochemical reaction systems
|
a stochastic exponential euler scheme for simulation of stiff biochemical reaction systems
|
simulate stiff biochemical exponential euler commutative stochastic semilinear drift term. square. projection dealing formulation langevin ether
|
exact_dup
|
[
"59263817"
] |
147598115
|
10.1016/j.jphotochem.2009.05.022
|
Switchable materials have tremendous potential for application in sensor development that could be applied to many fields. We are focusing on emerging area of wireless sensor networks due to the potential impact of this concept in society. Spiropyran-based sensors are probably the most studied type of photoswitchable sensing devices. They suffer from many issues but photofatigue, insufficient selectivity and lack of sensitivity are probably the most important characteristics that hinder their wider application. Here, we are address these issues and demonstrate that covalent attachment of modified spiropyran into a polymeric film significantly reduces photodegradation. The observed signal loss after 12th cycle of switching between the spiropyran and merocyanine forms is only about 27% compared to the loss of 57% of the initial signal in an equivalent experiment based on non-immobilized spiropyran. This has enabled us to demonstrate at least five reversible cycles of detection of an ion of interest (in our case H+) with minimal signal loss. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the sensitivity can be increased by incorporation of additional binding groups in the parent spiropyran molecule. Using molecular modelling to calculate the relevant bond lengths as a measure of interaction between MC and H+, the calculated increase of H-bond strength is approximately an order of magnitude for a derivative containing a methoxy group incorporated in the o-position of the parent spiropyran in comparison to the equivalent unsubstituted phenol. This theoretical result was found to correspond very well with experimental observation. As a result, we have increased the sensitivity to H+ by approximately one order of magnitude
|
Spiropyran-based reversible, light-modulated sensing with reduced photofatigue
|
spiropyran-based reversible, light-modulated sensing with reduced photofatigue
|
switchable tremendous sensor fields. focusing emerging wireless sensor society. spiropyran sensors probably photoswitchable sensing devices. suffer photofatigue insufficient selectivity probably hinder wider application. covalent attachment spiropyran polymeric film reduces photodegradation. switching spiropyran merocyanine immobilized spiropyran. enabled reversible cycles loss. incorporation parent spiropyran molecule. bond lengths bond methoxy incorporated parent spiropyran unsubstituted phenol. observation.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"11309015"
] |
147610003
|
10.1016/B978-0-12-803581-8.04043-1
|
Integration of stimuli-responsive materials into microfluidic systems provides a means to locally manipulate flow at the microscale, in a non-invasive manner, while also reducing system complexity. In recent years, several modes of stimulation have been applied, including electrical, magnetic, light and temperature, among others. To achieve remote control of flow in microfluidics using external stimulation, two main approaches have emerged in the recent years:\ud
1. Control of flow through stimuli-induced actuation of microfluidic components (valves, pumps, mixers, flow sorters), most often fabricated from soft polymeric materials;\ud
2. Stimuli-controlled manipulation of discrete micrometer-sized “vehicles” (droplets, beads, Janus particles, etc.) through localized induced changes in wettability or surface tension.\ud
The focus of this chapter will be to identify and compare the similarities and underlying mechanisms employed in the current state of the art research in stimuli-controlled fluid control and micro-vehicle movement fields. It will also endeavor to propose possible directions for the evolution of these areas of research
|
Stimuli-controlled fluid control and microvehicle movement in microfluidic channels
|
stimuli-controlled fluid control and microvehicle movement in microfluidic channels
|
stimuli responsive microfluidic locally manipulate microscale invasive manner reducing complexity. stimulation electrical others. remote microfluidics stimulation emerged stimuli actuation microfluidic valves pumps mixers sorters fabricated polymeric stimuli manipulation micrometer sized “vehicles” droplets beads janus etc. localized wettability tension. similarities stimuli micro vehicle movement fields. endeavor propose directions
|
exact_dup
|
[
"95876188"
] |
148653564
|
10.1016/j.physe.2007.09.118
|
Raman measurements in high-quality InN nanocolumns and thin films grown on both Si(1 1 1) and Si(1 0 0) substrates display a low-energy coupled LO phonon–plasmon mode together with uncoupled longitudinal optical (LO) phonons. The coupled mode is attributed to the spontaneous accumulation of electrons on the lateral surfaces of the nanocolumns, while the uncoupled ones originates from the inner part of the nanocolumns. The LO mode in the columnar samples appears close to the E1(LO) frequency. This indicates that most of the incident light is entering through the lateral surfaces of the nanocolumns, resulting in pure longitudinal–optical mode with quasi-E1 symmetry. For increasing growth temperature, the electron density decreases as the growth rate increases. The present results indicate that electron accumulation layers do not only form on polar surfaces of InN, but also occur on non-polar ones. According to recent calculations, we attribute the electron surface accumulation to the temperature dependent In-rich surface reconstruction on the nanocolumns sidewalls
|
Raman scattering by longitudinal optical phonons in InN nanocolumns grown on Si(111) and Si(001) substrates
|
raman scattering by longitudinal optical phonons in inn nanocolumns grown on si(111) and si(001) substrates
|
raman nanocolumns films grown substrates display phonon–plasmon uncoupled longitudinal phonons. attributed spontaneous accumulation lateral nanocolumns uncoupled originates nanocolumns. columnar frequency. incident entering lateral nanocolumns longitudinal–optical quasi symmetry. increases. accumulation polar polar ones. attribute accumulation reconstruction nanocolumns sidewalls
|
exact_dup
|
[
"11992174"
] |
148657906
|
10.1016/j.solmat.2010.06.043
|
Nanostructured chalcopyrite compounds have recently been proposed as absorber materials for advanced photovoltaic devices. We have used photoreflectance (PR) to evaluate the impact of interdiffusion phenomena and the presence of native defects on the optoelectronic properties of such materials. Two model material systems have been analyzed: (i) thin layers of CuGaSe2 (Eg=1.7 eV) and CuInSe2 (1.0 eV) in a wide/low/wide bandgap stack that have been grown onto GaAs(0 0 1) substrates by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD); and (ii) thin In2S3 samples (Eg=2.0 eV) containing small amounts of Cu that have been grown by co-evaporation (PVD) intending to form CuxInySz (Eg1.5 eV) nanoclusters into the In2S3 matrix. The results have been analyzed according to the third-derivative functional form (TDFF). The valence band structure of selenide reference samples could be resolved and uneven interdiffusion of Ga and In in the layer stack could be inferred from the shift of PR-signatures. Hints of electronic confinement associated to the transitions at the low-gap region have been found in the selenide layer stack. Regarding the sulphide system, In2S3 is characterized by the presence of native deep states, as revealed by PR. The defect structure of the compound undergoes changes when incorporating Cu and no conclusive result about the presence of ternary clusters of a distinct phase could be drawn. Interdiffusion phenomena and the presence of native defects in chalcopyrites and related compounds will determine their potential use in advanced photovoltaic devices based on nanostructures
|
Optoelectronic evaluation of the nanostructuring approach to chalcopyrite-based intermediate band materials
|
optoelectronic evaluation of the nanostructuring approach to chalcopyrite-based intermediate band materials
|
nanostructured chalcopyrite absorber advanced photovoltaic devices. photoreflectance interdiffusion phenomena native defects optoelectronic materials. cugase cuinse bandgap stack grown gaas substrates metalorganic vapor deposition mocvd amounts grown evaporation intending cuxinysz nanoclusters matrix. tdff valence selenide resolved uneven interdiffusion stack inferred signatures. hints confinement selenide stack. sulphide native defect compound undergoes incorporating conclusive ternary drawn. interdiffusion phenomena native defects chalcopyrites advanced photovoltaic devices nanostructures
|
exact_dup
|
[
"11996560"
] |
148660496
|
10.1007/s12544-011-0063-4
|
Background\ud
Energy Policy is one of the main drivers of Transport Policy. A number of strategies to reduce current energy consumption trends in the transport sector have been designed over the last decades. They include fuel taxes, more efficient technologies and changing travel behavior through demand regulation. But energy market has a high degree of uncertainty and the effectiveness of those policy options should be assessed.\ud
Methods\ud
A scenario based assessment methodology has been developed in the frame of the EU project STEPS. It provides an integrated view of Energy efficiency, environment, social and competitiveness impacts of the different strategies. It has been applied at European level and to five specific Regions.\ud
Concluding remarks\ud
The results are quite site specific dependent. However they show that regulation measures appear to be more effective than new technology investments. Higher energy prices could produce on their turn a deterioration of competitiveness and a threat for social goals
|
Assessment of energy efficiency and sustainability scenarios in the transport system
|
assessment of energy efficiency and sustainability scenarios in the transport system
|
drivers policy. decades. fuel taxes technologies changing travel regulation. effectiveness options assessed. methodology steps. competitiveness impacts strategies. regions. concluding remarks dependent. investments. prices deterioration competitiveness threat goals
|
exact_dup
|
[
"11999087"
] |
148662194
|
10.1016/j.jss.2011.05.059
|
This article focuses on the evaluation of a biometric technique based on the performance of an identifying gesture by holding a telephone with an embedded accelerometer in his/her hand. The acceleration signals obtained when users perform gestures are analyzed following a mathematical method based on global sequence alignment. In this article, eight different scores are proposed and evaluated in order to quantify the differences between gestures, obtaining an optimal EER result of 3.42% when analyzing a random set of 40 users of a database made up of 80 users with real attempts of falsification. Moreover, a temporal study of the technique is presented leeding to the need to update the template to adapt the manner in which users modify how they perform their identifying gesture over time. Six updating schemes have been assessed within a database of 22 users repeating their identifying gesture in 20 sessions over 4 months, concluding that the more often the template is updated the better and more stable performance the technique presents
|
Score optimization and template updating in a biometric technique for authentication in mobiles based on gestures
|
score optimization and template updating in a biometric technique for authentication in mobiles based on gestures
|
focuses biometric identifying gesture holding telephone embedded accelerometer hand. acceleration gestures mathematical alignment. eight quantify gestures obtaining analyzing attempts falsification. leeding update template adapt manner modify identifying gesture time. updating schemes repeating identifying gesture sessions concluding template updated presents
|
exact_dup
|
[
"12000890"
] |
148662464
|
10.1016/j.cmpb.2008.02.010
|
The main purpose of a gene interaction network is to map the relationships of the genes that are out of sight when a genomic study is tackled. DNA microarrays allow the measure of gene expression of thousands of genes at the same time. These data constitute the numeric seed for the induction of the gene networks. In this paper, we propose a new approach to build gene networks by means of Bayesian classifiers, variable selection and bootstrap resampling. The interactions induced by the Bayesian classifiers are based both on the expression levels and on the phenotype information of the supervised variable. Feature selection and bootstrap resampling add reliability and robustness to the overall process removing the false positive findings. The consensus among all the induced models produces a hierarchy of dependences and, thus, of variables. Biologists can define the depth level of the model hierarchy so the set of interactions and genes involved can vary from a sparse to a dense set. Experimental results show how these networks perform well on classification tasks. The biological validation matches previous biological findings and opens new hypothesis for future studie
|
Detecting reliable gene interactions by a hierarchy of Bayesian network classifiers
|
detecting reliable gene interactions by a hierarchy of bayesian network classifiers
|
sight genomic tackled. microarrays thousands time. constitute numeric seed networks. propose build bayesian classifiers bootstrap resampling. bayesian classifiers phenotype supervised variable. bootstrap resampling reliability robustness removing false findings. consensus produces hierarchy dependences variables. biologists hierarchy vary sparse dense set. tasks. validation matches opens studie
|
exact_dup
|
[
"12001148"
] |
148664291
|
10.1063/1.4711371
|
This paper is concerned with the low dimensional structure of optimal streaks in a wedge flow boundary layer, which have been recently shown to consist of a unique (up to a constant factor) three-dimensional streamwise evolving mode, known as the most unstable streaky mode. Optimal streaks exhibit a still unexplored/unexploited approximate self-similarity (not associated with the boundary layer self-similarity), namely the streamwise velocity re-scaled with their maximum remains almost independent of both the spanwise wavenumber and the streamwise coordinate; the remaining two velocity components instead do not satisfy this property. The approximate self-similar behavior is analyzed here and exploited to further simplify the description of optimal streaks. In particular, it is shown that streaks can be approximately described in terms of the streamwise evolution of the scalar amplitudes of just three one-dimensional modes, providing the wall normal profiles of the streamwise velocity and two combinations of the cross flow velocity components; the scalar amplitudes obey a singular system of three ordinary differential equations (involving only two degrees of freedom), which approximates well the streamwise evolution of the general streaks
|
Low-dimensional modeling of streaks in a wedge flow boundary layer
|
low-dimensional modeling of streaks in a wedge flow boundary layer
|
concerned streaks wedge consist streamwise evolving unstable streaky mode. streaks exhibit unexplored unexploited approximate similarity similarity streamwise scaled spanwise wavenumber streamwise coordinate satisfy property. approximate exploited simplify streaks. streaks streamwise amplitudes streamwise combinations amplitudes obey singular ordinary involving freedom approximates streamwise streaks
|
exact_dup
|
[
"20051746"
] |
148664622
|
10.1080/02640414.2012.711485
|
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of positioning on the correctness of decision making of top-class referees and assistant referees during international games. Match analyses were carried out during the Fe´de´ration Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) Confederations Cup 2009 and 380 foul play incidents and 165 offside situations were examined. The error percentage for the referees when indicating the incidents averaged 14%. The lowest error percentage occurred in the central area of the field, where the collaboration of the assistant referee is limited, and was achieved when\ud
indicating the incidents from a distance of 11–15 m, whereas this percentage peaked (23%) in the last 15-min match period.\ud
The error rate for the assistant referees was 13%. Distance of the assistant referee to the offside line did not have an impact on the quality of the offside decision. The risk of making incorrect decisions was reduced when the assistant referees viewed the offside situations from an angle between 46 and 608. Incorrect offside decisions occurred twice as often in the second as in the first half of the games. Perceptual-cognitive training sessions specific to the requirements of the game should be\ud
implemented in the weekly schedule of football officials to reduce the overall error rate
|
Effect of positioning on the accuracy of decision making of association football top-class referees and assistant referees during competitive matches
|
effect of positioning on the accuracy of decision making of association football top-class referees and assistant referees during competitive matches
|
examine positioning correctness referees assistant referees games. match fe´de´ration internationale football fifa confederations foul incidents offside situations examined. referees incidents averaged occurred assistant referee incidents peaked match period. assistant referees assistant referee offside offside decision. incorrect decisions assistant referees viewed offside situations incorrect offside decisions occurred twice games. perceptual sessions game implemented weekly schedule football officials
|
exact_dup
|
[
"33170784"
] |
148669735
|
10.1080/00423114.2012.725851
|
A sensitivity analysis has been performed to assess the influence of the inertial properties of railway vehicles on their dynamic behaviour. To do this, 216 dynamic simulations were performed modifying, one at a time, the masses, moments of inertia and heights of the centre of gravity of the carbody, the bogie and the wheelset. Three values were assigned to each parameter, corresponding to the percentiles 10, 50 and 90 of a data set stored in a database of railway vehicles.\ud
After processing the results of these simulations, the analyzed parameters were sorted by increasing influence. It was also found which of these parameters could be estimated with a lesser degree of accuracy for future simulations without appreciably affecting the simulation results. In general terms, it was concluded that the most sensitive inertial properties are the mass and the vertical moment of inertia, and the least sensitive ones the longitudinal and lateral moments of inertia
|
Sensitivity analysis to assess the influence of the inertial properties of railway vehicle bodies on the vehicle’s dynamic behaviour
|
sensitivity analysis to assess the influence of the inertial properties of railway vehicle bodies on the vehicle’s dynamic behaviour
|
inertial railway vehicles behaviour. modifying moments inertia heights carbody bogie wheelset. assigned percentiles stored railway vehicles. sorted influence. lesser appreciably affecting results. concluded inertial moment inertia longitudinal lateral moments inertia
|
exact_dup
|
[
"33172460"
] |
148669736
|
10.1080/00423114.2012.725852
|
A sensitivity analysis has been performed to assess the influence of the elastic properties of railway vehicle suspensions on the vehicle dynamic behaviour. To do this, 144 dynamic simulations were performed modifying, one at a time, the stiffness and damping coefficients, of the primary and secondary suspensions. Three values were assigned to each parameter, corresponding to the percentiles 10, 50 and 90 of a data set stored in a database of railway vehicles.After processing the results of these simulations, the analyzed parameters were sorted by increasing influence. It was also found which of these parameters could be estimated with a lesser degree of accuracy in future simulations without appreciably affecting the simulation results. In general terms, it was concluded that the highest influences were found for the longitudinal stiffness and the lateral stiffness of the primary suspension, and the lowest influences for the vertical stiffness and the vertical damping of the primary suspension, with the parameters of the secondary suspension showing intermediate influences between them
|
Assessment of the influence of the elastic properties of rail vehicle suspensions on safety, ride quality and track fatigue
|
assessment of the influence of the elastic properties of rail vehicle suspensions on safety, ride quality and track fatigue
|
elastic railway vehicle suspensions vehicle behaviour. modifying stiffness damping suspensions. assigned percentiles stored railway vehicles.after sorted influence. lesser appreciably affecting results. concluded influences longitudinal stiffness lateral stiffness suspension influences stiffness damping suspension suspension influences
|
exact_dup
|
[
"33172461"
] |
148670677
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2013.06.090
|
Positive composite electrodes having LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 spinel as active material, a blend of graphite and carbon black for increasing the electrode electrical conductivity and either polyvinyldenefluoride (PVDF) or a blend of PVDF with a small amount of Teflon® (1 wt%) for building up the electrode. They have been processed by tape casting on an aluminum foil as current collector using the doctor blade technique. Additionally, the component blends were either sonicated or not, and the processed electrodes were compacted or not under subsequent cold pressing. Composites electrodes with high weight, up to 17 mg/cm2, were prepared and studied as positive electrodes for lithium-ion batteries. The addition of Teflon® and the application of the sonication treatment lead to uniform electrodes that are well-adhered to the aluminum foil. Both parameters contribute to improve the capacity drained at high rates (5C). Additional compaction of the electrode/aluminum assemblies remarkably enhances the electrode rate capabilities. At 5C rate, remarkable capacity retentions between 80% and 90% are found for electrodes with weights in the range 3–17 mg/cm2, having Teflon® in their formulation, prepared after sonication of their component blends and compacted under 2 tonnes/cm2
|
Effect of composition, sonication and pressure on the rate capability of 5 V-LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 composite cathodes
|
effect of composition, sonication and pressure on the rate capability of 5 v-lini0.5mn1.5o4 composite cathodes
|
composite electrodes lini spinel blend graphite electrode electrical conductivity polyvinyldenefluoride pvdf blend pvdf teflon® electrode. processed tape casting aluminum foil collector doctor blade technique. additionally blends sonicated processed electrodes compacted cold pressing. composites electrodes electrodes lithium batteries. teflon® sonication electrodes adhered aluminum foil. drained compaction electrode aluminum assemblies remarkably enhances electrode capabilities. remarkable retentions electrodes weights teflon® formulation sonication blends compacted tonnes
|
exact_dup
|
[
"33173410"
] |
148671473
|
10.1007/s00285-013-0681-7
|
We consider a mathematical model for the spatio-temporal evolution of two biological species in a competitive situation. Besides diffusing, both species move toward higher concentrations of a chemical substance which is produced by themselves. The resulting system consists of two parabolic equations with Lotka–Volterra-type kinetic terms and chemotactic cross-diffusion, along with an elliptic equation describing the behavior of the chemical. We study the question in how far the phenomenon of competitive exclusion occurs in such a context. We identify parameter regimes for which indeed one of the species dies out asymptotically, whereas the other reaches its carrying capacity in the large time limit
|
Competitive exclusion in a two-especies chemotasis model
|
competitive exclusion in a two-especies chemotasis model
|
mathematical spatio competitive situation. besides diffusing move toward substance themselves. parabolic lotka–volterra chemotactic elliptic describing chemical. phenomenon competitive exclusion context. regimes dies asymptotically reaches carrying
|
exact_dup
|
[
"33174212"
] |
148673093
|
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.04.079
|
Pseudo-total (i.e. aqua regia extractable) and gastric-bioaccessible (i.e. glycine + HCl extractable) concentrations of Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn were determined in a total of 48 samples collected from six community urban gardens of different characteristics in the city of Madrid (Spain). Calcium carbonate appears to be the soil property that determines the bioaccessibility of a majority of those elements, and the lack of influence of organic matter, pH and texture can be explained by their low levels in the samples (organic matter) or their narrow range of variation (pH and texture). A conservative risk assessment with bioaccessible concentrations in two scenarios, i.e. adult urban farmers and children playing in urban gardens, revealed acceptable levels of risk, but with large differences between urban gardens depending on their history of land use and their proximity to busy areas in the city center. Only in a worst-case scenario in which children who use urban gardens as recreational areas also eat the produce grown in them would the risk exceed the limits of acceptabilit
|
Bioaccessibility of metals and human health risk assessment in community urban gardens
|
bioaccessibility of metals and human health risk assessment in community urban gardens
|
pseudo i.e. aqua regia extractable gastric bioaccessible i.e. glycine extractable gardens city madrid spain calcium carbonate determines bioaccessibility majority texture narrow texture conservative bioaccessible scenarios i.e. farmers playing gardens acceptable gardens proximity busy city center. worst gardens recreational grown exceed acceptabilit
|
exact_dup
|
[
"33175616"
] |
148681644
|
10.1002/cta.2037
|
This paper presents a comprehensive taxonomy of so-called second order memory devices, which include charge-controlled memcapacitors and flux-controlled meminductors, among other novel circuit elements. These devices, which are classified according to their differential and state orders, are necessary to get a complete extension of the family of classical nonlinear circuit elements (resistors, capacitors, inductors) for all possible controlling variables. Using a fully nonlinear formalism, we obtain nondegeneracy conditions for a broad class of second order mem-circuits. This class of circuits is expected to yield a rich dynamic behavior; in this regard we explore certain bifurcation phenomena exhibited by a family of circuits including a charge-controlled memcapacitor and a flux-controlled meminductor, providing some directions for future research
|
Second order mem-circuits
|
second order mem-circuits
|
presents comprehensive taxonomy devices memcapacitors meminductors circuit elements. devices classified orders circuit resistors capacitors inductors controlling variables. formalism nondegeneracy broad circuits. circuits regard explore bifurcation phenomena exhibited circuits memcapacitor meminductor directions
|
exact_dup
|
[
"42968299"
] |
150212533
|
10.1016/j.apcata.2016.10.018
|
Three different bimetallic Ru:Ni catalysts supported on a mesoporous silica MCM-48 were prepared by consecutive wet impregnations, with a total metal loading of ca. 3% (w w−1). Ru:Ni ratios spanned in the range of 0.15–1.39 (w w−1) and were compared with the corresponding monometallic Ni/MCM-48. The catalysts so prepared were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction, Transmission Electron Microscopy, adsorption/desorption of N2, Temperature Programmed Reduction, NH3 − TPD and Atomic Absorption, and tested in the liquid phase hydrogenation of d-glucose into sorbitol in the temperature range 120–140 °C under 2.5 MPa of H2 pressure. Bimetallic catalysts with Ru:Ni ratios higher than 0.45 enhanced the catalytic behavior of the monometallic Ni/MCM-48 in the reaction, increasing the reaction rate and showing complete selectivity to sorbitol by minimizing the production of mannitol. Ru:Ni/MCM-48 (0.45) was recovered from the reaction media and tested for three reaction cycles, showing good stability under the selected experimental conditions.CTQ2015-64892-R (MINECO/FEDER
|
Bimetallic Ru:Ni/MCM-48 catalysts for the effective hydrogenation of d-glucose into sorbitol
|
bimetallic ru:ni/mcm-48 catalysts for the effective hydrogenation of d-glucose into sorbitol
|
bimetallic catalysts mesoporous silica consecutive impregnations loading spanned monometallic catalysts diffraction microscopy adsorption desorption programmed hydrogenation glucose sorbitol pressure. bimetallic catalysts catalytic monometallic selectivity sorbitol minimizing mannitol. recovered cycles conditions.ctq mineco feder
|
exact_dup
|
[
"83116533"
] |
151642716
|
10.1002/pen.20906
|
The residual effects of cumulative thermal aging on the crystal structural characteristics of the fluoro carbon poly(tetra fluoro ethylene) (PTFE) have been studied by X-ray diffraction methods. The initial hexagonal arrangement of the PTFE chains in a 157 helical conformation is left unaffected by the exposures to temperatures (T), up to and beyond its melting point, Tm. The unit cell registers a residual anisotropic volume expansion. The anisotropy arises from the enhanced enlargement of the basal plane dimension a compared with the axial dimension c. Conformational changes contributing to the observed increase in the chain length have been examined. Enhancement of residual crystallinity of samples aged at T's lt; Tm suggests that the selective thermal aging could be used as an effective tool to improve the initial crystallinity of commercially available PTFE. The activation energy for 50% enhancement in initial crystallinity has been estimated as 53.9 kJ mol-1. Aging at 400xB0;C, a temperature above Tm, is accompanied by markedly different features viz., deterioration in crystallinity and other structural characteristics. The overall behavior of thermally aged PTFE bears a marked similarity to many polyamides. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 47:1724-1729, 2007. xA9; 2007 Society of Plastics Engineer
|
Effect of thermal aging on the crystal structural characteristics of poly(tetra fluoro ethylene)
|
effect of thermal aging on the crystal structural characteristics of poly(tetra fluoro ethylene)
|
residual cumulative aging fluoro poly tetra fluoro ethylene ptfe diffraction methods. hexagonal arrangement ptfe chains helical conformation unaffected exposures melting registers residual anisotropic expansion. anisotropy arises enlargement basal axial conformational contributing examined. enhancement residual crystallinity aged selective aging crystallinity commercially ptfe. enhancement crystallinity aging accompanied markedly viz. deterioration crystallinity characteristics. thermally aged ptfe bears marked similarity polyamides. polym. eng. sci. plastics engineer
|
exact_dup
|
[
"11874397"
] |
154667919
|
10.1093/ndt/gfv008
|
Background: Glomerulonephritis associated with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) is associated with increased mortality and a high risk of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Here, we investigated whether the prognosis has improved over the last 25 years.
Methods: Patients were identified in the Norwegian Kidney Biopsy Registry. We included all patients with pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis and a positive ANCA test from 1988 to 2012. Deaths and ESRD in the cohort were identified through record linkage with the Norwegian Population Registry (deaths) and the Norwegian Renal Registry (ESRD). Outcomes of patients diagnosed in 1988–2002 were compared with outcomes of patients diagnosed in 2003–12.
Results: A cohort of 455 patients with ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis was identified. The mean follow-up was 6.0 years (range, 0.0–23.4). During the study period, 165 (36%) patients died and 124 (27%) progressed to ESRD. Compared with patients diagnosed in 1988–2002, those diagnosed in 2003–12 had higher mean initial estimated glomerular filtration rates (37 versus 27 mL/min/1.73 m2) and lower risk of ESRD (1-year risk: 13 versus 19%; 10-year risk: 26 versus 37%). The composite endpoint, ESRD or death within 0–1 year after diagnosis, was reduced from 34 to 25%. In patients over 60 years old, 1-year mortality fell from 33 to 20%.
Conclusions: In Norwegian patients with ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis, prognosis was significantly better in 2003–12 compared with 1988–2002. This improvement was probably partly due to a shorter diagnostic delay, and better therapeutic management in older patients.© The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of ERAEDTA. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
|
Improved prognosis in Norwegian patients with glomerulonephritis associated with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies
|
improved prognosis in norwegian patients with glomerulonephritis associated with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies
|
glomerulonephritis neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies anca esrd prognosis years. norwegian kidney biopsy registry. pauci immune crescentic glomerulonephritis anca deaths esrd cohort record linkage norwegian registry deaths norwegian registry esrd diagnosed diagnosed cohort anca glomerulonephritis identified. died progressed esrd. diagnosed diagnosed glomerular filtration esrd composite endpoint esrd fell norwegian anca glomerulonephritis prognosis probably partly shorter diagnostic delay therapeutic older patients.© oxford behalf eraedta. creative commons attribution commercial permits commercial reproduction properly cited
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52128944"
] |
157866183
|
10.1007/s10441-014-9232-x
|
Adaptationism has for decades been the topic of sophisticated debates in philosophy of biology but\ud
methodological adaptationism has not received as much attention as the empirical and explanatory\ud
issues. In addition, adaptationism has mainly been discussed in the context of evolutionary biology\ud
and not in fields such as zoophysiology and systems biology where this heuristic is also used in design\ud
analyses of physiological traits and molecular structures. This paper draws on case studies from these\ud
fields to discuss the productive and problematic aspects of this heuristic in different research\ud
practices, in functional as well as evolutionary studies on different levels of biological organization.\ud
Gould and Lewontin’s Spandrels-paper famously criticized adaptationist methodology for implying\ud
the risk of generating ‘blind spots’ with respect to non-selective effects on evolution. Some have\ud
claimed that this bias can be accommodated through the testing of evolutionary hypotheses. Although\ud
this is an important aspect of overcoming naïve adaptationism, I argue that the issue of\ud
methodological biases is broader than the question of testability. I demonstrate the productivity of\ud
adaptationist heuristics but also discuss the deeper problematic aspects associated with the\ud
methodological imperialism that is part of the strong adaptationist position
|
A philosophical evaluation of adaptationism as a heuristic strategy
|
a philosophical evaluation of adaptationism as a heuristic strategy
|
adaptationism decades topic sophisticated debates philosophy methodological adaptationism explanatory issues. adaptationism evolutionary zoophysiology heuristic physiological traits structures. draws productive problematic heuristic practices evolutionary organization. gould lewontin’s spandrels famously criticized adaptationist methodology implying generating ‘blind spots’ selective evolution. claimed accommodated evolutionary hypotheses. aspect overcoming naïve adaptationism argue methodological biases broader testability. productivity adaptationist heuristics deeper problematic methodological imperialism adaptationist
|
exact_dup
|
[
"33752664"
] |
159374774
|
10.1007/s11910-016-0691-0
|
Over the last two decades, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has become a powerful research method to investigate cortical visual plasticity. Abnormal fMRI response patterns have been occasionally detected in the visually deprived cortex of patients with bilateral retinal diseases. Controversy remains whether these observations indicate structural reorganization of the visual cortex or unmasking of previously silent cortico-cortical connections. In optic nerve diseases, there is weak evidence showing that early visual cortex seems to lack reorganization, while higher-order visual areas undergo plastic changes which may contribute to optimise visual function. There is however accumulating imaging evidence demonstrating trans-synaptic degeneration of the visual cortex in patients with disease of the anterior visual pathways. This may preclude the use of restorative treatments in these patients. Here, we review and update the body of fMRI evidence on visual cortical plasticity.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
|
Visual Cortex Plasticity Following Peripheral Damage To The Visual System: fMRI Evidence
|
visual cortex plasticity following peripheral damage to the visual system: fmri evidence
|
decades fmri powerful cortical plasticity. abnormal fmri occasionally visually deprived cortex bilateral retinal diseases. controversy reorganization cortex unmasking silent cortico cortical connections. optic nerve cortex reorganization undergo plastic optimise function. accumulating demonstrating synaptic degeneration cortex anterior pathways. preclude restorative treatments patients. update fmri cortical plasticity.info repo semantics publishedversio
|
exact_dup
|
[
"159488014"
] |
160113866
|
10.1007/s11229-017-1544-3
|
‘Serendipity’ is a category used to describe discoveries in science that occur at the intersection of chance and wisdom. In this paper, I argue for understanding serendipity in science as an emergent property of scientific discovery, describing an oblique relationship between the outcome of a discovery process and the intentions that drove it forward. The recognition of serendipity is correlated with an acknowledgment of the limits of expectations about potential sources of knowledge. I provide an analysis of serendipity in science as a defense of this definition and its implications, drawing from theoretical and empirical research on experiences of serendipity as they occur in science and elsewhere. I focus on three interrelated features of serendipity in science. First, there are variations of serendipity. The process of serendipitous discovery can be complex. Second, a valuable outcome must be obtained before reflection upon the significance of the unexpected observation or event in respect to that outcome can take place. Therefore, serendipity is retrospectively categorized. Third, the primacy of epistemic expectations is elucidated. Finally, I place this analysis within discussions in philosophy of science regarding the impact of interpersonal competition upon the number and significance of scientific discoveries. Thus, the analysis of serendipity offered in this paper contributes to discussions about the social-epistemological aspects of scientific discovery and has normative implications for the structure of epistemically effective scientific communities
|
On serendipity in science: discovery at the intersection of chance and wisdom
|
on serendipity in science: discovery at the intersection of chance and wisdom
|
‘serendipity’ discoveries intersection chance wisdom. argue serendipity emergent scientific discovery describing oblique discovery intentions drove forward. recognition serendipity acknowledgment expectations knowledge. serendipity defense definition drawing experiences serendipity elsewhere. interrelated serendipity science. serendipity. serendipitous discovery complex. valuable reflection significance unexpected place. serendipity retrospectively categorized. primacy epistemic expectations elucidated. discussions philosophy interpersonal competition significance scientific discoveries. serendipity offered contributes discussions epistemological scientific discovery normative epistemically scientific communities
|
exact_dup
|
[
"157867968"
] |
16412834
|
10.1016/j.jcis.2011.09.039
|
The parameters that control the stability of ZnO-nanoparticles suspensions and their deposition by electrophoretic deposition were studied, so as to organize the assembly and compaction of nanoparticles. The addition of cationic polyelectrolyte - Polyethylenimine (PEI) - with different molecular weights was investigated, in order to study their effectiveness and the influence of the molecular weight of the organic chain on suspensions dispersion. It was found that PEI with the highest molecular weight provided better dispersion conditions. Cathodic EPD was performed under previously optimized suspensions conditions and over electropolished stainless steel substrates. Experimental results showed that the EPD process in these conditions allows obtaining dense transparent ZnO thin films. Deposition times and intensities were optimized by analyzing the resulting thin films characteristics. Finally, the deposits were characterized by FE-SEM, AFM, and different spectroscopic techniques
|
Electrophoretic Deposition of Transparent ZnO Thin Films from Highly Stabilized Colloidal Suspensions
|
electrophoretic deposition of transparent zno thin films from highly stabilized colloidal suspensions
|
nanoparticles suspensions deposition electrophoretic deposition organize assembly compaction nanoparticles. cationic polyelectrolyte polyethylenimine weights effectiveness suspensions dispersion. conditions. cathodic optimized suspensions electropolished stainless steel substrates. obtaining dense transparent films. deposition intensities optimized analyzing films characteristics. deposits spectroscopic
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148664684"
] |
19125546
|
10.1002/chem.200800718
|
The analysis of different historic mauve samples - mauve salts and dyed textiles - was undertaken to establish the exact nature of the iconic dye produced by W. H. Perkin in the nineteenth century. Fourteen samples from important museum collections were analyzed, and it was determined that, in contrast to the general wisdom that mauveine consists of C26 and C27 structures, Perkin's mauveine is a complex mixture of at least thirteen methyl derivatives (C24 to C28) with a 7-amino-5-phenyl-3-(phenylamino)phenazin-5-ium core. A fingerprint was established in which mauveines A or B were dominant, and in which mauveines B2 and C25 were found to be important tracers to probe the original synthesis. Counterion analysis showed that all the mauve salts should be dated after 1862. Perkin's original recipe could be identified in three textile samples, and in these cases, mauveines A and C25 were found to be the major chromophores. These are now shown to be the samples containing the ldquooriginal mauverdquo.http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.20080071
|
A Study in Mauve: Unveiling Perkin's Dye in Historic Samples
|
a study in mauve: unveiling perkin's dye in historic samples
|
historic mauve mauve salts dyed textiles undertaken establish iconic perkin nineteenth century. fourteen museum collections wisdom mauveine perkin mauveine mixture thirteen methyl derivatives phenyl phenylamino phenazin core. fingerprint mauveines mauveines tracers synthesis. counterion mauve salts dated perkin recipe textile mauveines chromophores. ldquooriginal mauverdquo. chem.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"144013035"
] |
19588921
|
10.1061/(ASCE)CF.1943-5509.0000351
|
Experimental research on imposed deformation is generally conducted on small scale laboratory experiments. The attractiveness of field research lies in the possibility to compare results obtained from full scale structures to theoretical prediction. Unfortunately, measurements obtained from real structures are rarely described in literature. The structural response of integral edifices depends significantly on stiffness changes and constraints. The New Airport Terminal Barajas in Madrid, Spain provides with large integral modules, partially post?tensioned concrete frames, cast monolithically over three floor levels and an overall length of approx. 80 m. The field campaign described in this article explains the instrumentation of one of these frames focusing on the influence of imposed deformations such as creep, shrinkage and temperature. The applied monitoring equipment included embedded strain gages, thermocouples, DEMEC measurements and simple displacement measurements. Data was collected throughout construction and during two years of service. A complete data range of five years is presented and analysed. The results are compared with a simple approach to predict the long?term shortening of this concrete structure. Both analytical and experimental results are discussed
|
Imposed Deformations Measured on a Real Integral Structure: New Airport Terminal Barajas, Madrid, Spain
|
imposed deformations measured on a real integral structure: new airport terminal barajas, madrid, spain
|
imposed deformation experiments. attractiveness lies prediction. unfortunately rarely literature. edifices stiffness constraints. airport barajas madrid spain modules partially tensioned concrete frames cast monolithically floor approx. campaign explains instrumentation frames focusing imposed deformations creep shrinkage temperature. equipment embedded gages thermocouples demec displacement measurements. service. analysed. predict shortening concrete structure.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148666903"
] |
196150532
|
10.1002/glia.21010
|
Producción CientíficaGlial cells are a key element to the process of axonal regeneration,
either promoting or inhibiting axonal growth. The study
of glial derived factors induced by injury is important to
understand the processes that allow or preclude regeneration,
and can explain why the PNS has a remarkable ability to
regenerate, while the CNS does not. In this work we focus on
Apolipoprotein D (ApoD), a Lipocalin expressed by glial cells
in the PNS and CNS. ApoD expression is strongly induced
upon PNS injury, but its role has not been elucidated. Here we
show that ApoD is required for: (1) the maintenance of peripheral
nerve function and tissue homeostasis with age, and (2)
an adequate and timely response to injury. We study crushed
sciatic nerves at two ages using ApoD knock-out and transgenic
mice over-expressing human ApoD. The lack of ApoD
decreases motor nerve conduction velocity and the thickness
of myelin sheath in intact nerves. Following injury, we analyze
the functional recovery, the cellular processes, and the protein
and mRNA expression profiles of a group of injury-induced
genes. ApoD helps to recover locomotor function after injury,
promoting myelin clearance, and regulating the extent of
angiogenesis and the number of macrophages recruited to the
injury site. Axon regeneration and remyelination are delayed
without ApoD and stimulated by excess ApoD. The mRNA and
protein expression profiles reveal that ApoD is functionally
connected in an age-dependent manner to specific molecular
programs triggered by injury.2015-09-1
|
ApoD, a Glia-Derived Apolipoprotein, Is Required for Peripheral Nerve Functional Integrity and a Timely Response to Injury
|
apod, a glia-derived apolipoprotein, is required for peripheral nerve functional integrity and a timely response to injury
|
producción científicaglial axonal regeneration promoting inhibiting axonal growth. glial injury preclude regeneration remarkable regenerate not. apolipoprotein apod lipocalin glial cns. apod injury elucidated. apod maintenance peripheral nerve homeostasis adequate timely injury. crushed sciatic nerves ages apod knock transgenic expressing apod. apod motor nerve conduction myelin sheath intact nerves. injury analyze recovery injury genes. apod helps recover locomotor injury promoting myelin clearance regulating angiogenesis macrophages recruited injury site. axon regeneration remyelination delayed apod stimulated excess apod. reveal apod functionally manner programs triggered injury.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"61518044"
] |
20051742
|
10.1088/0029-5515/52/10/103011
|
The nuclear fusion cross-section is modified when the spins of the interacting nuclei are polarized. In the case of deuterium?tritium it has been theoretically predicted that the nuclear fusion cross-section could be increased by a factor d = 1.5 if all the nuclei were polarized. In inertial confinement fusion this would result in a modification of the required ignition conditions. Using numerical simulations it is found that the required hot-spot temperature and areal density can both be reduced by about 15% for a fully polarized nuclear fuel. Moreover, numerical simulations of a directly driven capsule show that the required laser power and energy to achieve a high gain scale as d-0.6 and d-0.4 respectively, while the maximum achievable energy gain scales as d0.9
|
Ignition conditions for inertial confinement fusion targets with a nuclear spin-polarized DT fuel
|
ignition conditions for inertial confinement fusion targets with a nuclear spin-polarized dt fuel
|
fusion spins interacting nuclei polarized. deuterium tritium theoretically fusion nuclei polarized. inertial confinement fusion modification ignition conditions. spot areal polarized fuel. capsule achievable
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148664228"
] |
25285742
|
10.1103/PhysRevE.62.6135
|
The influence of an external electric field on the current in charged systems is investigated. The results from the classical hierarchy of density matrices are compared with the results from the quantum kinetic theory. The kinetic theory yields a systematic treatment of the nonlinear current beyond linear response. To this end the dynamically screened and field-dependent Lenard-Balescu equation is integrated analytically and the nonlinear relaxation field is calculated. The classical linear response result known as Debye - Onsager relaxation effect is only obtained if asymmetric screening is assumed. Considering the kinetic equation of one specie the other species have to be screened dynamically while the screening with the same specie itself has to be performed statically. Different other approximations are discussed and compared
|
Nonlinear relaxation field in charged systems under high electric fields
|
nonlinear relaxation field in charged systems under high electric fields
|
investigated. hierarchy theory. response. dynamically screened lenard balescu analytically relaxation calculated. debye onsager relaxation asymmetric screening assumed. specie screened dynamically screening specie statically. approximations
|
exact_dup
|
[
"2630402"
] |
29137340
|
10.1016/j.tws.2013.01.003
|
Authors thank Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland for financial support under Grants: R00 0097 12. Authors thank also M. Tavian technician in electronics from ENIM for his contribution on the development of the residual velocity measurement sensors.The paper describes a work focused on the process of perforation of steel sheet.Experimental,analytical and numerical investigations have been carried out to analyze in details the perforation process.Based on these approaches,the ballistic properties of the material and the failure modes depending on the projectile nose shape(conical,blunt or hemispherical) have been studied.Different failure modes have been observed,including petaling, plug ejection and circumference necking.The special study about the number of petals has been done for different nose angles using conical shape projectiles.The complete energy balance is also reported and the absorbed energy by the steel sheet has been obtained by measuring initial and residual projectile velocities.A wide range of impact velocities from 35to180m/s has been covered during the tests.All the projectiles are 13mm in diameter and the plates are1mm thick.Moreover,the mass ratio(projectile mass/steel sheet mass) and the ratio between the span of the steel sheet and the diameter of the projectile are constant, equal to 0.38 and 3.85, respectively
|
Influence of projectile shape on dynamic behavior of steel sheet subjected to impact and perforation
|
influence of projectile shape on dynamic behavior of steel sheet subjected to impact and perforation
|
ministry poland grants tavian technician electronics enim residual sensors.the describes focused perforation steel sheet.experimental investigations analyze perforation process.based ballistic projectile nose conical blunt hemispherical studied.different petaling plug ejection circumference necking.the petals nose angles conical projectiles.the balance absorbed steel sheet measuring residual projectile velocities.a velocities covered tests.all projectiles plates thick.moreover projectile steel sheet span steel sheet projectile
|
exact_dup
|
[
"143692631"
] |
30846294
|
10.1098/rspb.2010.1465
|
In order to provide better fisheries management and conservation decisions, there is a need to discern the underlying relationship between the spawning stock and recruitment of marine fishes, a relationship which is influenced by the environmental conditions. Here, we demonstrate how the environmental conditions (temperature and the food availability for fish larvae) influence the stock–recruitment relationship and indeed what kind of stock–recruitment relationship we might see under different environmental conditions. Using unique zooplankton data from the Continuous Plankton Recorder, we find that food availability (i.e. zooplankton) in essence determines which model applies for the once large North Sea cod (Gadus morhua) stock. Further, we show that recruitment is strengthened during cold years and weakened during warm years. Our combined model explained 45 per cent of the total variance in cod recruitment, while the traditional Ricker and Beverton–Holt models only explained about 10 per cent. Specifically, our approach predicts that a full recovery of the North Sea cod stock might not be expected until the environment becomes more favourable
|
Spawning stock and recruitment in North Sea cod shaped by food and climate
|
spawning stock and recruitment in north sea cod shaped by food and climate
|
fisheries conservation decisions discern spawning stock recruitment marine fishes influenced conditions. availability fish larvae stock–recruitment kind stock–recruitment conditions. zooplankton plankton recorder availability i.e. zooplankton essence determines applies gadus morhua stock. recruitment strengthened cold weakened warm years. cent recruitment traditional ricker beverton–holt cent. predicts recovery stock favourable
|
exact_dup
|
[
"30853431",
"52047317",
"52051510"
] |
33175974
|
10.1016/j.future.2013.12.012
|
A first-rate e-Health system saves lives, provides better patient care, allows complex but useful epidemiologic analysis and saves money. However, there may also be concerns about the costs and complexities associated with e-health implementation, and the need to solve issues about the energy footprint of the high-demanding computing facilities. This paper proposes a novel and evolved computing paradigm that: (i) provides the required computing and sensing resources; (ii) allows the population-wide diffusion; (iii) exploits the storage, communication and computing services provided by the Cloud; (iv) tackles the energy-optimization issue as a first-class requirement, taking it into account during the whole development cycle. The novel computing concept and the multi-layer top-down energy-optimization methodology obtain promising results in a realistic scenario for cardiovascular tracking and analysis, making the Home Assisted Living a reality
|
A novel energy-driven computing paradigm for e-health scenarios
|
a novel energy-driven computing paradigm for e-health scenarios
|
saves lives epidemiologic saves money. concerns complexities solve footprint demanding facilities. proposes evolved paradigm sensing exploits storage tackles requirement cycle. methodology promising realistic cardiovascular tracking home assisted living reality
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148673888"
] |
33177179
|
10.1007/s00138-013-0557-2
|
An innovative background modeling technique that is able to accurately segment foreground regions in RGB-D imagery (RGB plus depth) has been presented in this paper. The technique is based on a Bayesian framework that efficiently fuses different sources of information to segment the foreground. In particular, the final segmentation is obtained by considering a prediction of the foreground regions, carried out by a novel Bayesian Network with a depth-based dynamic model, and, by considering two independent depth and color-based mixture of Gaussians background models. The efficient Bayesian combination of all these data reduces the noise and uncertainties introduced by the color and depth features and the corresponding models. As a result, more compact segmentations, and refined foreground object silhouettes are obtained. Experimental results with different databases suggest that the proposed technique outperforms existing state-of-the-art algorithms
|
Advanced background modeling with RGB-D sensors through classifiers combination and inter-frame foreground prediction
|
advanced background modeling with rgb-d sensors through classifiers combination and inter-frame foreground prediction
|
innovative accurately segment foreground imagery paper. bayesian efficiently fuses segment foreground. segmentation foreground bayesian mixture gaussians models. bayesian reduces models. segmentations refined foreground silhouettes obtained. databases outperforms
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148676163"
] |
33177409
|
10.1016/j.quageo.2015.02.008
|
Se analiza la racemización de aminoácidos en proteínas inter e intracristalinas en conchas de Patella y su utilización como herramienta geocronológica, fundamentalmente empleadas en yacimientos arqueológicos.The inter- and intra-crystalline fractions of Patella vulgata limpets recovered from archaeological sites in Northern Spain (covering Neolithic, Mesolithic, Magdalenian, Solutrean, and Aurignacian periods) were examined for amino acid composition and racemisation over time. The calcitic apex and rim areas of the shells were found to probably be composed of similar proteins, as the D/L values and amino acids were comparable and varied in the same way with increasing age; however, the mineral structures present in these areas differed. The aragonitic intermediate part of the shell showed a distinctly different amino acid composition and mineral structure. The main protein leaching from the inter-crystalline fraction occurred within the first 6000 yr after the death of the organism. In contrast, the intra-crystalline fraction — comprised of a different protein composition than the inter-crystalline fraction — appeared to behave as a closed system for at least 34 ka, as reflected by the lack of a significant decrease in the amino acid content; however, changes in the amino acid percentages occurred during this period. The concentration of aspartic acid remained almost constant with age both in inter- and intra-crystalline proteins, and its contribution to the total amino acid content increased with age at the expense of other amino acids such as glutamic acid, serine, glycine and alanine. Temperature is thought to play a key role in the amino acid racemisation of P. vulgata and could explain why in the localities belonging to the Gravettian and Solutrean period, which formed during relatively cold conditions, D/L values were similar to those detected in shells from sites formed during the Magdalenian
|
Protein diagenesis in Patella shells: implications for amino acid racemisation dating
|
protein diagenesis in patella shells: implications for amino acid racemisation dating
|
analiza racemización aminoácidos proteínas intracristalinas conchas patella utilización como herramienta geocronológica fundamentalmente empleadas yacimientos arqueológicos.the intra crystalline fractions patella vulgata limpets recovered archaeological northern spain covering neolithic mesolithic magdalenian solutrean aurignacian racemisation time. calcitic apex shells probably composed comparable varied mineral differed. aragonitic distinctly mineral structure. leaching crystalline occurred organism. intra crystalline comprised crystalline appeared behave reflected percentages occurred period. aspartic remained intra crystalline expense glutamic serine glycine alanine. thought racemisation vulgata localities belonging gravettian solutrean cold shells magdalenian
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148676545"
] |
33752981
|
10.1002/wcs.1320
|
Many philosophers and brain scientists hold that explaining consciousness is one of the major outstanding problems facing modern science today. One type of consciousness in particular—phenomenal consciousness—is thought to be especially problematic. The reasons given for believing that this phenomenon exists in the first place, however, often hinge on the claim that its existence is simply obvious in ordinary perceptual experience. Such claims motivate the study of people's intuitions about consciousness. In recent years a number of researchers in experimental philosophy of mind have begun to shed light on this area, investigating how people understand and attribute those mental states that have been thought to be phenomenally conscious. In this article, we discuss the philosophical concept of phenomenal consciousness and detail the work that has been done on the question of whether lay people have this concept
|
Attributions of Consciousness
|
attributions of consciousness
|
philosophers scientists hold explaining consciousness outstanding facing modern today. consciousness particular—phenomenal consciousness—is thought problematic. reasons believing phenomenon hinge claim obvious ordinary perceptual experience. claims motivate intuitions consciousness. researchers philosophy mind begun shed investigating attribute thought phenomenally conscious. philosophical phenomenal consciousness
|
exact_dup
|
[
"157866483"
] |
35078400
|
10.1016/S0370-2693(98)00886-7
|
Penguin diagrams for decays such as $b\to (s,d)\gamma$ involve virtual loops
of $u$ or other light quarks. Logarithms of the virtual quark mass could, in
principle, influence the phenomenological analysis of the decay. It is thus
important to study these logarithms to all orders in QCD perturbation theory.
In this paper we show that, at arbitrary order, the matrix elements of
operators in the effective hamiltonian contributing to $b\to s\gamma$ are
finite for the limit of $m_u \to 0$ in penguin loops
|
Light masses in short distance penguin loops
|
light masses in short distance penguin loops
|
penguin diagrams decays gamma involve virtual loops quarks. logarithms virtual phenomenological decay. logarithms orders perturbation theory. contributing gamma penguin loops
|
exact_dup
|
[
"35093335"
] |
35085263
|
10.1007/JHEP12(2014)118
|
The Nekrasov-Shatashvili limit of β -ensembles with polynomial potential and N = 2 $$ \mathcal{N}=2 $$ supersymmetric gauge theories in the Ω-background is intimately related to complex one-dimensional quantum mechanics. Multi-instanton corrections in quantum mechanics, inferable from exact quantization conditions, imply additional non-perturbative corrections to the Nekrasov-Shatashvili free energies. Besides filling some of the gaps in previous derivations, we present analytic expressions for such additional non-perturbative corrections in the case of SU(2) gauge theory expanded at strong coupling. In contrast, at weak coupling these additional non-perturbative corrections appear to be negligible
|
Non-perturbative quantum geometry II
|
non-perturbative quantum geometry ii
|
nekrasov shatashvili ensembles mathcal supersymmetric intimately mechanics. instanton mechanics inferable quantization imply perturbative nekrasov shatashvili energies. besides filling gaps derivations analytic expressions perturbative expanded coupling. perturbative negligible
|
exact_dup
|
[
"35085435"
] |
35089311
|
10.1007/JHEP06(2015)204
|
In general we can say that the thermal width of quarkonia corresponds to imaginary part of it’s potential. Gravity dual of theories give explicit form of potential as V Q Q ¯ $$ {V}_{{}_{Q\overline{Q}}} $$ . Since there is an explicit formula for Im V Q Q ¯ $$ {V}_{{}_{Q\overline{Q}}} $$ one can consider different gravity duals and study the results of contribution of various parameters. Variable gravity duals of moving pair in plasma have different results for potential. Our paper shows that defor-mation parameter c in warp factor leads to new results that we present them for arbitrary angles of the pair with respect to it’s velocity. We compare our results with the case that no deformation parameter is in metric background. We will see that the thermal width of the pair increases with increasing deformation parameter. Also, for nonzero values of de-formation parameter the pair feels moving plasma in all distances. In addition our results indicate that contribution of deformation parameter leads to larger dissociation length for the moving pair reverse to the effect of the pair’s velocity in the plasma
|
The effects of deformation parameter on thermal width of moving quarkonia in plasma
|
the effects of deformation parameter on thermal width of moving quarkonia in plasma
|
quarkonia imaginary it’s potential. overline overline duals parameters. duals moving potential. defor mation warp angles it’s velocity. deformation background. deformation parameter. nonzero feels moving distances. deformation dissociation moving reverse pair’s
|
exact_dup
|
[
"35089199"
] |
35089323
|
10.1007/JHEP06(2015)086
|
We study nonlinear dynamics of the flux tube between an external quark-antiquark pair in N = 4 $$ +AFw-mathcal{N} = 4 $$ super Yang-Mills theory using the AdS/CFT duality. In the gravity side, the flux tube is realized by a fundamental string whose endpoints are attached to the AdS boundary. We perturb the endpoints in various ways and numerically compute the time evolution of the nonlinearly oscillating string. As a result, cusps can form on the string, accompanied by weak turbulence and power law behavior in the energy spectrum. When cusps traveling on the string reach the boundary, we observe the divergence of the force between the quark and antiquark. Minimal amplitude of the perturbation below which cusps do not form is also investigated. No cusp formation is found when the string moves in all four AdS space directions, and in this case an inverse energy cascade follows a direct cascade
|
Turbulent strings in AdS/CFT
|
turbulent strings in ads/cft
|
tube antiquark mathcal super mills duality. tube realized endpoints attached boundary. perturb endpoints ways numerically nonlinearly oscillating string. cusps accompanied turbulence spectrum. cusps traveling divergence antiquark. perturbation cusps investigated. cusp moves directions cascade cascade
|
exact_dup
|
[
"35089211"
] |
35090237
|
10.1007/JHEP04(2015)120
|
We investigate the possibility of satisfying the SU(5) boundary condition Y d = Y eT at the GUT scale within the renormalizable R -parity conserving Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM). Working in the super-CKM basis, we consider non-zero flavour off-diagonal entries in the soft SUSY-breaking mass matrices and the A -terms. At the same time, the diagonal A -terms are assumed to be suppressed by the respective Yukawa couplings. We show that a non-trivial flavour structure of the soft SUSY-breaking sector can contribute to achieving precise Yukawa coupling unification for all three families, and that the relevant flavour-violating parameters are m d ˜ 2 23 $$ \left({m}_{\tilde{d}}^2\right)23 $$ , m d ˜ 2 12 $$ \left({m}_{\tilde{d}}^2\right)12 $$ , m d ˜ 2 13 $$ \left({m}_{\tilde{d}}^2\right)13 $$ and A 12/21 d . We indicate the parameter space regions where the Yukawa unification condition can be satisfied, and we demonstrate that it is consistent with a wide set of experimental constraints, including flavour and electroweak observables, Higgs physics and the LHC bounds. However, as a consequence of the down-electron Yukawa unification requirement, the MSSM vacuum in our scenario is metastable, though long-lived. We also point out that the lightest neutralino needs to be almost purely bino-like and relatively light, with the mass in the ballpark of 250 GeV. Since the proper value of the dark matter relic density is in this case obtained through co-annihilation with a sneutrino, at least one generation of sleptons must be light. Such a clear experimental prediction makes the flavour-violating SU(5) Yukawa unification scenario fully testable at the LHC s = 14 $$ \sqrt{s}=14 $$ TeV with the 3-lepton searches for electroweakino production
|
Exact SU(5) Yukawa matrix unification in the general flavour violating MSSM
|
exact su(5) yukawa matrix unification in the general flavour violating mssm
|
satisfying renormalizable parity conserving supersymmetric mssm super flavour diagonal entries susy breaking terms. diagonal suppressed respective yukawa couplings. trivial flavour susy breaking achieving precise yukawa unification families flavour violating tilde tilde tilde yukawa unification satisfied flavour electroweak observables bounds. yukawa unification requirement mssm metastable lived. lightest neutralino purely bino ballpark gev. proper relic annihilation sneutrino sleptons light. flavour violating yukawa unification testable sqrt lepton searches electroweakino
|
exact_dup
|
[
"35090333"
] |
35090335
|
10.1007/JHEP04(2015)135
|
We present a mechanism of momentum relaxation in higher derivative gravity by adding linear scalar fields to the Gauss-Bonnet theory. We analytically computed all of the DC thermoelectric conductivities in this theory by adopting the method given by Donos and Gauntlett in [ arXiv:1406.4742 ]. The results show that the DC electric conductivity is not a monotonic function of the effective impurity parameter β : in the small β limit, the DC conductivity is dominated by the coherent phase, while for larger β , pair creation contribution to the conductivity becomes dominant, signaling an incoherent phase. In addition, the DC heat conductivity is found independent of the Gauss-Bonnet coupling constant
|
Thermoelectric DC conductivities with momentum dissipation from higher derivative gravity
|
thermoelectric dc conductivities with momentum dissipation from higher derivative gravity
|
relaxation adding gauss bonnet theory. analytically thermoelectric conductivities adopting donos gauntlett conductivity monotonic impurity conductivity dominated coherent creation conductivity incoherent phase. conductivity gauss bonnet
|
exact_dup
|
[
"35090239"
] |
35091082
|
10.1088/1475-7516/2015/03/014
|
Recently, a new scalar-tensor braneworld model was presented in [Phys. Rev. D 86 (2012) 127502]. It not only solves the gauge hierarchy problem but also reproduces a correct Friedmann-like equation on the brane. In this new model, there are two different brane solutions, for which the mass spectra of gravity on the brane are the same. In this paper, we investigate localization and mass spectra of various bulk matter fields (i.e., scalar, vector, Kalb-Ramond, and fermion fields) on the brane. It is shown that the zero modes of all the matter fields can be localized on the positive tension brane under some conditions, and the mass spectra of each kind of bulk matter field for the two brane solutions are different except for some special cases, which implies that the two brane solutions are not physically equivalent. When the coupling constants between the dilaton and bulk matter fields take special values, the mass spectra for both solutions are the same, and the scalar and vector zero modes are localized on the negative tension brane, while the KR zero mode is still localized on the positive tension brane
|
Localization and mass spectra of various matter fields on scalar-tensor brane
|
localization and mass spectra of various matter fields on scalar-tensor brane
|
braneworld phys. rev. solves hierarchy reproduces friedmann brane. brane brane same. localization i.e. kalb ramond fermion brane. localized tension brane kind brane brane physically equivalent. dilaton localized tension brane localized tension brane
|
exact_dup
|
[
"35091167",
"35091255"
] |
35092416
|
10.1007/JHEP08(2015)156
|
Based on Run I data we present a comprehensive analysis of Higgs couplings. For the first time this SFitter analysis includes independent tests of the Higgs-gluon and top Yukawa couplings, Higgs decays to invisible particles, and off-shell Higgs measurements. The observed Higgs boson is fully consistent with the Standard Model, both in terms of coupling modifications and effective field theory. Based only on Higgs total rates the results using both approaches are essentially equivalent, with the exception of strong correlations in the parameter space induced by effective operators. These correlations can be controlled through additional experimental input, namely kinematic distributions. Including kinematic distributions the typical Run I reach for weakly interacting new physics now reaches 300 to 500 GeV
|
The Higgs legacy of the LHC Run I
|
the higgs legacy of the lhc run i
|
comprehensive couplings. sfitter gluon yukawa couplings decays invisible measurements. boson modifications theory. essentially exception operators. kinematic distributions. kinematic weakly interacting reaches
|
exact_dup
|
[
"35091958"
] |
38679615
|
10.1007/978-3-662-48577-4_2
|
The distribution of distances between points in a high-dimensional data set tends to look quite different from the distribution of the distances in a low-dimensional data set. Concentration of norm is one of the phenomena from which high-dimensional data sets can suffer. It means that in high dimensions – under certain general assumptions – the relative distances from any point to its closest and farthest neighbour tend to be almost identical. Since cluster analysis is usually based on distances, such effects must be taken into account and their influence on cluster analysis needs to be considered. This paper investigates consequences that the special properties of high-dimensional data have for cluster analysis. We discuss questions like when clustering in high dimensions is meaningful at all, can the clusters just be artifacts and what are the algorithmic problems for clustering methods in high dimensions
|
What are Clusters in High Dimensions and are they Difficult to Find?
|
what are clusters in high dimensions and are they difficult to find?
|
distances tends look distances set. norm phenomena suffer. assumptions distances closest farthest neighbour tend identical. distances considered. investigates consequences analysis. clustering meaningful artifacts algorithmic clustering
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52170848"
] |
397536
|
10.1103/PhysRevC.78.044314
|
The existence of a liquid-gas phase transition for hot nuclear systems at subsaturation densities is a well-established prediction of finite-temperature nuclear many-body theory. In this paper, we discuss for the first time the properties of such a phase transition for homogeneous nuclear matter within the self-consistent Green's function approach. We find a substantial decrease of the critical temperature with respect to the Brueckner-Hartree-Fock approximation. Even within the same approximation, the use of two different realistic nucleon-nucleon interactions gives rise to large differences in the properties of the critical point
|
Liquid-gas phase transition in nuclear matter from realistic many-body approaches
|
liquid-gas phase transition in nuclear matter from realistic many-body approaches
|
subsaturation densities theory. homogeneous approach. substantial brueckner hartree fock approximation. realistic nucleon nucleon
|
exact_dup
|
[
"16202115"
] |
41126377
|
10.1016/j.geoexplo2011.09.008
|
Contamination by heavy metals in soils may strongly affect the environmental quality. Lipid peroxidation
caused by heavy metals in plants was investigated as a relevant bioassay of toxicity. Soils and wild plants
(dandelion and willow) were collected from an abandoned mine area in northeast Italy, and the concentration
of different heavy metals (Ni, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, Fe and Mn) were measured and analyzed. Soils affected by
mining activities presented total Zn, Cu, and Pb concentrations (2566, 3975, 20,815 mg kg−1 respectively)
above toxic thresholds, and 58% for Fe. Heavy metal-induced oxidative stress was evidenced by the generation
of reactive radicals, followed by an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) production up to 41.64 μM in
willow leaves. We found that MDA concentration in plant tissues differed significantly among species and
plant organs. The higher concentration of metal in soil corresponded with the higher concentration of
MDA in the plant. The combined results of metal concentration, MDA content and translocation coefficients
in plants show that the investigated plants are rather highly tolerant towards environmental pollution.
This suggests that they could be useful in phytoremediation of metal contaminated sites
|
Toxicity Assessment of Contaminated Soils from a Mining Area in Northeast Italy by Using Lipid Peroxidation Assay.
|
toxicity assessment of contaminated soils from a mining area in northeast italy by using lipid peroxidation assay.
|
contamination metals soils quality. peroxidation metals bioassay toxicity. soils dandelion willow abandoned mine northeast metals analyzed. soils mining toxic thresholds oxidative evidenced reactive radicals malondialdehyde willow leaves. tissues differed organs. corresponded plant. translocation tolerant pollution. phytoremediation contaminated
|
exact_dup
|
[
"53166920"
] |
42949748
|
10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2008.07.009
|
We present Tethered Monte Carlo, a simple, general purpose method of computing the effective potential of the order parameter (Helmholtz free energy). This formalism is based on a new statistical ensemble, closely related to the micromagnetic one, but with an extended configuration space (through Creutz-like demons). Canonical averages for arbitrary values of the external magnetic field are computed without additional simulations. The method is put to work in the two-dimensional Ising model, where the existence of exact results enables us to perform high precision checks. A rather peculiar feature of our implementation, which employs a local Metropolis algorithm, is the total absence, within errors, of critical slowing down for magnetic observables. Indeed, high accuracy results are presented for lattices as large as L = 1024
|
Tethered Monte Carlo: computing the effective potential without critical slowing down
|
tethered monte carlo: computing the effective potential without critical slowing down
|
tethered monte carlo helmholtz formalism ensemble closely micromagnetic creutz demons canonical averages simulations. ising enables precision checks. peculiar employs metropolis slowing observables. lattices
|
exact_dup
|
[
"42949705"
] |
46763219
|
10.1016/j.nima.2012.11.005
|
The response of silicon-silicon-CsI(Tl) telescopes, developed within the FAZIA collaboration, to fragments produced in nuclear reactions 84Kr+120-124Sn at 35 A MeV, has been used to study ion identification methods. Two techniques are considered for the identification of the nuclear products in the silicon stages. The standard ΔE−E one requires signals induced in two detection layers by ions punching through the first one. Conversely, the digital Pulse Shape Analysis (PSA) allows the identification of ions stopped in the first silicon layer. The capabilities of these two identification methods have been compared for different mountings of the silicons, i.e. rear (particles entering through the low electric field side) or front (particles entering through the high electric field side) side injection. The ΔE−E identification method gives exactly the same results in both configurations. At variance, the pulse shape discrimination is very sensitive to the detector mounting. In case of rear side injection, the identification with the "energy vs. charge rise time" PSA method presents energy thresholds which are significantly lower than in the case of front side injection
|
Comparison of charged particle identification using pulse shape discrimination and ΔE−E methods between front and rear side injection in silicon detectors
|
comparison of charged particle identification using pulse shape discrimination and δe−e methods between front and rear side injection in silicon detectors
|
silicon silicon telescopes fazia fragments methods. silicon stages. δe−e punching one. conversely digital stopped silicon layer. capabilities mountings silicons i.e. rear entering front entering injection. δe−e configurations. discrimination mounting. rear injection presents thresholds front injection
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52686457"
] |
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