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77031996
|
10.1016/j.aquaeng.2016.08.003
|
This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Elsevier via the DOI in this record.The presented work describes the hydrodynamic assessment studies of a much needed technical innovation of Sea Based Container Culture (SBCC) as part of a semi intensive, passive aquaculture culture system for farming the European lobster (Homarus gammarus). Factors that are known to influence growth and survival rates were obtained from previous literature, including flow rate, wave energy and motion characteristics; these factors defined performance criteria for SBCC containers. The internal flow velocities and external flow patterns for different SBCC container designs were measured and used to inform design decisions. Suitable graphical representations have been developed to assess SBCC containers on specific performance criteria. Oyster SBCC containers were found to provide stable motion characteristics but perform poorly against the lower velocity limit, indicating insufficient supply of Dissolved Oxygen (DO) to allow for optimal growth of European lobsters. Internal flow velocities were also measured on un-fouled and fouled SBCC containers; results showed SBCC 2 would not provide enough DO with 66% biofouling coverage (66% biofouling replicates one year deployment) and triggered a redesign. SBCC 1 at 90° yaw angle of attack demonstrated all round good performance against upper and lower velocity limits and motion characteristics; thus showed greatest promise for cultivation of European Lobster.The research was gratefully supported and funded by BBSRC (BB/M005208/1) and Innovate UK (131597) through the Agri-Tech Catalyst, Early Stage Awards. The project consortium consisted of the National Lobster Hatchery, University of Exeter, Falmouth University, Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, West Country Mussels of Fowey and Fusion Marine. Follow on work will also be supported by BBSRC and Innovate UK through the Industrial Stage of Agri-Tech catalyst and supported by funding from the Worshipful Company of Fishmongers
|
Sea Based Container Culture (SBCC) hydrodynamic design assessment for European lobsters (Homarus gammarus)
|
sea based container culture (sbcc) hydrodynamic design assessment for european lobsters (homarus gammarus)
|
manuscript. record.the describes hydrodynamic innovation container sbcc intensive passive aquaculture farming lobster homarus gammarus sbcc containers. velocities sbcc container designs inform decisions. graphical representations sbcc containers criteria. oyster sbcc containers poorly insufficient supply dissolved lobsters. velocities fouled fouled sbcc containers sbcc biofouling coverage biofouling replicates deployment triggered redesign. sbcc attack round greatest promise cultivation lobster.the gratefully funded bbsrc innovate agri tech catalyst awards. consortium consisted lobster hatchery exeter falmouth fisheries aquaculture west mussels fowey fusion marine. bbsrc innovate industrial agri tech catalyst funding worshipful company fishmongers
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exact_dup
|
[
"77031871"
] |
80526774
|
10.1002/int.21877/abstract
|
Producción CientíficaIn this paper, we consider a typical voting situation where a group of agents show their preferences over a set of alternatives. Under our approach, such preferences are codied into individual positional values which can be aggregated in several ways through particular functions, yielding positional voting rules and providing a social result in each case. We show that scoring rules belong to such class of positional voting rules. But if we focus our interest on OWA operators as aggregation functions, other well-known voting systems naturally appear. In particular, we determine those ones verifying duplication (i.e., clone irrelevance) and present a proposal of an overall social result provided by them.Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (ECO2012-32178)Junta de Castilla y León (programa de apoyo a proyectos de investigación – Ref. VA066U13
|
Positional voting rules generated by aggregation functions and the role of duplication
|
positional voting rules generated by aggregation functions and the role of duplication
|
producción científicain voting preferences alternatives. preferences codied positional aggregated ways yielding positional voting case. scoring belong positional voting rules. aggregation voting naturally appear. verifying duplication i.e. clone irrelevance proposal them.ministerio economía industria competitividad junta castilla león programa apoyo proyectos investigación ref.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"150211496"
] |
84139629
|
10.1007/978-3-642-02319-4_17
|
The success of intelligent diagnosis systems normally depends on the knowledge about the failures present on monitored systems. This knowledge can be modelled in several ways, such as by means of rules or probabilistic models. These models are validated by checking the system output fit to the input in a supervised way. However, when there is no such knowledge or when it is hard to obtain a model of it, it is alternatively possible to use an unsupervised method to detect anomalies and failures. Different unsupervised methods (HCL, K-Means, SOM) have been used in present work to identify abnormal behaviours on the system being monitored. This approach has been tested into a real-world monitored system related to the railway domain, and the results show how it is possible to successfully identify new abnormal system behaviours beyond those previously modelled well-known problems
|
Unsupervised Methods for Anomalies Detection through Intelligent Monitoring Systems
|
unsupervised methods for anomalies detection through intelligent monitoring systems
|
success intelligent normally failures monitored systems. modelled ways probabilistic models. validated checking supervised way. alternatively unsupervised detect anomalies failures. unsupervised abnormal behaviours monitored. monitored railway successfully abnormal behaviours modelled
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148688821"
] |
87199601
|
10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.01.006
|
In the seminiferous tubules of mouse testes, a population of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor family receptor alpha 1 (GFRα1)-positive spermatogonia harbors the stem cell functionality and supports continual spermatogenesis, likely independent of asymmetric division or definitive niche control. Here, we show that activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling promotes spermatogonial differentiation and reduces the GFRα1+ cell pool. We further discovered that SHISA6 is a cell-autonomous Wnt inhibitor that is expressed in a restricted subset of GFRα1+ cells and confers resistance to the Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Shisa6+ cells appear to show stem cell-related characteristics, conjectured from the morphology and long-term fates of T (Brachyury)+ cells that are found largely overlapped with Shisa6+ cells. This study proposes a generic mechanism of stem cell regulation in a facultative (or open) niche environment, with which different levels of a cell-autonomous inhibitor (SHISA6, in this case) generates heterogeneous resistance to widely distributed differentiation-promoting extracellular signaling, such as WNTs
|
SHISA6 Confers Resistance to Differentiation-Promoting Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling in Mouse Spermatogenic Stem Cells
|
shisa6 confers resistance to differentiation-promoting wnt/β-catenin signaling in mouse spermatogenic stem cells
|
seminiferous tubules testes glial neurotrophic alpha gfrα spermatogonia harbors functionality supports continual spermatogenesis asymmetric division definitive niche control. catenin promotes spermatogonial reduces gfrα pool. discovered shisa autonomous inhibitor restricted gfrα confers catenin signaling. shisa conjectured morphology fates brachyury largely overlapped shisa cells. proposes generic facultative niche autonomous inhibitor shisa generates heterogeneous widely promoting extracellular wnts
|
exact_dup
|
[
"160452492"
] |
9020017
|
10.1016/j.hrthm.2008.01.016
|
Atrial fibrillation (AF) causes substantial morbidity and mortality. It may be triggered and sustained by either reentrant or nonreentrant electrical activity. Human atrial cellular refractory period is shortened in chronic AF, likely aiding reentry. The ionic and molecular mechanisms are not fully understood and may include increased inward rectifier K+ current and altered Ca2+ handling. Heart failure, a major cause of AF, may involve arrhythmogenic atrial electrical remodeling, but the pattern is unclear in humans. Beta-blocker therapy prolongs atrial cell refractory period; a potentially antiarrhythmic influence, but the ionic and molecular mechanisms are unclear. The search for drugs to suppress AF without causing ventricular arrhythmias has been aided by basic studies of cellular mechanisms of AF. It remains to be seen whether such drugs will improve patient treatment
|
Cellular bases for human atrial fibrillation
|
cellular bases for human atrial fibrillation
|
atrial fibrillation substantial morbidity mortality. triggered sustained reentrant nonreentrant electrical activity. atrial refractory shortened aiding reentry. ionic understood inward rectifier altered handling. involve arrhythmogenic atrial electrical remodeling unclear humans. beta blocker prolongs atrial refractory potentially antiarrhythmic ionic unclear. drugs suppress causing ventricular arrhythmias aided drugs
|
exact_dup
|
[
"82135739"
] |
11310040
|
10.1007/978-3-642-15114-9_43
|
With software services becoming a strategic capability for\ud
the software sector, software architecture needs to address integration problems to help services to collaborate and coordinate their activities. The increasing need to address dynamic and automated changes can be answered by a service coordination architecture with event-based collaboration\ud
that enables dynamic and adaptive architectures. Intelligent\ud
service and process identification and adaptation techniques are suitable solutions for event-driven and on-demand service architectures. We define an architectural solution space and identify research challenges
|
Dynamic adaptive service architecture – Towards coordinated service composition
|
dynamic adaptive service architecture – towards coordinated service composition
|
becoming strategic capability architecture collaborate coordinate activities. automated answered coordination architecture enables adaptive architectures. intelligent adaptation architectures. architectural challenges
|
exact_dup
|
[
"147600501"
] |
11310701
|
10.1007/978-3-642-28997-2_15
|
Search effectiveness for tasks where the retrieval units are\ud
clearly defined documents is generally evaluated using standard measures such as mean average precision (MAP). However, many practical speech search tasks focus on content within large spoken files lacking defined structure. These data must be segmented into smaller units for search which may only partially overlap with relevant material. We introduce two new metrics for the evaluation of search effectiveness for informally structured speech data: mean average segment precision (MASP) which measures retrieval performance in terms of both content segmentation and ranking with respect to relevance; and mean average segment distance-weighted precision (MASDWP) which takes into account the distance between the start of the relevant segment and the retrieved segment. We demonstrate the eectiveness of these new metrics on a retrieval test collection based on the AMI meeting corpus
|
New metrics for meaningful evaluation of informally structured speech retrieval
|
new metrics for meaningful evaluation of informally structured speech retrieval
|
effectiveness tasks retrieval documents precision practical speech tasks spoken files lacking structure. segmented partially overlap material. metrics effectiveness informally structured speech segment precision masp retrieval segmentation ranking relevance segment weighted precision masdwp segment retrieved segment. eectiveness metrics retrieval meeting corpus
|
exact_dup
|
[
"147601913"
] |
11991794
|
10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2007.12.033
|
Progress in fruit logistics requires an increasing number of measurements to be performed in refrigerated chambers and during transport. Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are a promising solution in this field. This paper explores the potential of wireless sensor technology for monitoring fruit storage and transport conditions. It focuses in particular on ZigBee technology with special regard to two different commercial modules (Xbow and Xbee). The main contributions of the paper relate to the analysis of battery life under cooling conditions and the evaluation of the reliability of communications and measurements. Psychrometric equations were used for quick assessment of changes in the absolute water content of air, allowing estimation of future water loss, and detection of condensation on the product
|
Performance of ZigBee-based wireless sensor nodes for real-time monitoring of fruits logistics
|
performance of zigbee-based wireless sensor nodes for real-time monitoring of fruits logistics
|
progress fruit logistics refrigerated chambers transport. wireless sensor promising field. explores wireless sensor fruit storage conditions. focuses zigbee regard commercial modules xbow xbee relate battery cooling reliability communications measurements. psychrometric quick allowing condensation
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148653178"
] |
11991959
|
10.1007/s10851-008-0095-0
|
We provide a completely new rigorous matrix formulation of the absolute quadratic complex (AQC), given by the set of lines intersecting the absolute conic. The new results include closed-form expressions for the camera intrinsic parameters in terms of the AQC, an algorithm to obtain the dual absolute quadric from the AQC using straightforward matrix operations, and an equally direct computation of a Euclidean-upgrading homography from the AQC. We also completely characterize the 6×6 matrices acting on lines which are induced by a spatial homography. Several algorithmic possibilities arising from the AQC are systematically explored and analyzed in terms of efficiency and computational cost. Experiments include 3D reconstruction from real images
|
Line geometry and camera autocalibration
|
line geometry and camera autocalibration
|
rigorous formulation quadratic intersecting conic. expressions camera intrinsic quadric straightforward operations equally euclidean upgrading homography aqc. characterize acting homography. algorithmic possibilities arising systematically explored cost. reconstruction
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148653347"
] |
11992258
|
10.1002/pssc.200778556
|
The fabrication of III-N MEMS test structures, such as cantilevers, beams and stress-pointers, and the modelling of their deformation due to residual stress relief, is presented. GaN and AlGaN/GaN structures were fabricated, either with one end and both ends clamped to the Si substrate (asymmetrical and symmetrical mechanical boundary conditions, respectively). The residual stress in the III-N layer was measured by photoluminescence and X-ray diffraction, and the stress relief induced deformation was analysed by a finite element method model. The deformations of the MEMS structures were used to calculate both the residual strains and the Young’s modulus of the material. One-end-clamped structures suffer from large deformations due to the uneven stress relaxation. During micromachining, the relaxation induces large upward buckling, as measured for fabricated devices and fitted by the FEM model. Two-end-clamped structures were also studied using different topologies and under-etching lengths of the clamped region. It is concluded that the deformation of such structures may be reduced with symmetrical mechanical boundary conditions and a small under-etched clamping region compared to the device dimensions
|
Fabrication and stress relief modelling of GaN based MEMS test structures grown by MBE on Si(111)
|
fabrication and stress relief modelling of gan based mems test structures grown by mbe on si(111)
|
fabrication mems cantilevers beams pointers deformation residual relief presented. algan fabricated ends clamped asymmetrical symmetrical residual photoluminescence diffraction relief deformation analysed model. deformations mems residual young’s modulus material. clamped suffer deformations uneven relaxation. micromachining relaxation induces upward buckling fabricated devices fitted model. clamped topologies etching lengths clamped region. concluded deformation symmetrical etched clamping
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148653641"
] |
11994836
|
10.1016/0273-1177
|
The dynamics of axisymmetric slender liquid bridges in isorotation under microgravity conditions is studied. Slendernesses of the bridge very close to the static stability limit for cylindrical bridges are considered. The inviscid three-dimensional problem is solved in the neighborhood of that stability limit following a regular perturbation approach. A nonlinear model where the pressure and velocity fields are coupled with the free-surface deformation is obtained. The free-surface deformation in the case of stable configurations is analyzed. The effect of Coriolis forces in the dynamics of the bridge turns out to be very important: for large values of the rotation speed the movement of the free surface is very irregular, and its amplitude is much smaller than that in the case of small rotation
|
Dynamics of axisymmetric slender liquid bridges in isorotation
|
dynamics of axisymmetric slender liquid bridges in isorotation
|
axisymmetric slender bridges isorotation microgravity studied. slendernesses bridge cylindrical bridges considered. inviscid solved neighborhood perturbation approach. deformation obtained. deformation configurations analyzed. coriolis forces bridge turns movement irregular
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148656132"
] |
11997169
|
10.1016/j.fusengdes.2011.02.026
|
During the operation of the HiPER first engineering facility, up to 1.2 × 105 MJ/yr of fusion neutrons yields are foreseen. This irradiation level could be distributed in 100 MJ detonations, accounting up to 100 detonations in a single burst, with 10 Hz repetition rate. A burst would take place every month. The dose rates are computed and different concrete shields are evaluated within the target bay. During the operation of the facility the entrance is forbidden inside the bioshield. Between bursts, manual maintenance might be performed inside the bioshield but outside the final optics assembly (FOA) shield. Inside the FOA shield the residual dose rates are so high that only remote maintenance is allowed. The FOA shield reduces the delivered dose rate to optics in a factor of 30.3
|
Dose rates evaluation of HiPER facility
|
dose rates evaluation of hiper facility
|
hiper facility fusion neutrons foreseen. irradiation detonations accounting detonations burst repetition rate. burst month. concrete shields bay. facility entrance forbidden bioshield. bursts manual maintenance bioshield optics assembly shield. shield residual remote maintenance allowed. shield reduces delivered optics
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148658487"
] |
11998336
|
10.1016/j.livsci.2008.06.018
|
The aim of this work was to study the effect of parity order and reproductive management systems on rabbit production performance. A total of 73 rabbit does (I group) were submitted to a 35-day intensive rhythm [artificial insemination (AI) on day 4 post-partum (pp) and weaning at 25 days of lactation], and 108 rabbit does (SI group) were submitted to a 42-day semi-intensive rhythm (AI on day 11 pp and weaning at 35 days of lactation) during 9 months. Primiparous does had the lowest live body weight at parturition (P < 0.0001) and at 21 days of lactation (P < 0.0001). They also had lower milk production (P < 0.0001) than does with later parities. I group animals needed a higher number of AI than SI group to become pregnant (1.70 ± 0.03 vs. 1.39 ± 0.03; P < 0.0001: especially after the third). Prolificacy was not affected by the management system. Parturition interval (PI) was longer than expected in both groups [56.0 ± 1.4 and 50.9 ± 1.38 days in I and SI groups, respectively (P < 0.05)]. Mean productivity, estimated as number of weaned rabbits per female and year, was 12 kits higher in rabbit does of the SI group (P < 0.05). From the third parturition onward, an increase in live body weight of kits at different ages was observed. At 21 (P < 0.05) and 25 days of age (P < 0.01), kits from the I group rabbit does weighed more than those from the SI group; however, the latter showed a higher weight at 35 (P < 0.05) and 60 days of age (P < 0.05). Rabbit does with two or three parturitions had higher litter size at 21 and 25 days of age (P < 0.0001 and P < 0.001, respectively). Kit mortality between 21 and 25 days of age and between 35 and 60 days of age was not affected by treatments but was higher in the I group between 25 and 35 days (18.2 vs. 5.03% in the I and SI groups, respectively; P < 0.0001) and as age of does increased (P < 0.05). In light of these results, we could conclude that long term doe reproductive performance is negatively affected and litter viability decreased when using intensive compared to a semi-intensive reproductive management
|
Effects of parity order and reproductive management on the efficiency of rabbit productive systems.
|
effects of parity order and reproductive management on the efficiency of rabbit productive systems.
|
parity reproductive rabbit performance. rabbit submitted intensive rhythm artificial insemination partum weaning lactation rabbit submitted intensive rhythm weaning lactation months. primiparous live parturition lactation milk parities. pregnant prolificacy system. parturition productivity weaned rabbits kits rabbit parturition onward live kits ages observed. kits rabbit weighed rabbit parturitions litter treatments reproductive negatively litter viability intensive intensive reproductive
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148659676"
] |
12000520
|
10.1016/j.jallcom.2011.11.107
|
The aim of this work is to study the magnetic properties of annealed [Fe3Ga/TbFe2]n heterostructures grown by sputtering at room temperature. The interest of investigating multilayers comprised of TbFe2 and Fe3Ga is their complementary properties in terms of coercivity and magnetostriction. We have studied the thickness combination which optimizes the magnetic and magnetostrictive properties of the annealed multilayers. The crystallization of the Laves phase upon the thermal treatment in heterostructures with thick TbFe2 layers promotes the increase of the coercivity. This crystallization seems to be prevented by the low mechanical stiffness of the Fe3Ga. [Fe3Ga/TbFe2]n heterostructures show promising characteristics, λ of 340 ppm and a HC of 220 Oe, for the development of new magnetostrictive devices
|
Magnetic properties of nanostructured systems based on TbFe2
|
magnetic properties of nanostructured systems based on tbfe2
|
annealed tbfe heterostructures grown sputtering room temperature. investigating multilayers comprised tbfe complementary coercivity magnetostriction. optimizes magnetostrictive annealed multilayers. crystallization laves heterostructures thick tbfe promotes coercivity. crystallization prevented stiffness tbfe heterostructures promising magnetostrictive devices
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148661833"
] |
143692889
|
10.1016/j.vacuum.2011.09.008
|
Cr/CrN/CrAlN, CrN/CrAlN and Cr/CrN thin layers were deposited by PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition). The multilayers were obtained from the combined deposition of different layers Cr, CrN and CrAlN thick films on on AISI4140 steel and silicon substrates at 200 °C, and evaluated with respect to fundamental properties such as structure and thermal properties. Cr, CrN and CrAlN single layers were also prepared for comparison purposes. The structural and morphological properties of PVD layers were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with EDS + WDS microanalyses, stresses were determined by the Newton’s rings methods using the Stoney’s equation and surface hardening and hardness profiles were evaluated by micro hardness measurements. The XRD data and HRTEM showed that both the Cr/CrN, CrN/CrAlN and Cr/CrN/CrAlN multilayer coatings exhibited B1NaCl structure with a prominent reflection along (200) plane, and CrAlN sub-layer microstructures composed of nanocrystallites uniformly embedded in an amorphous matrix. The innovation of this work was to use the thickness of three different coating types to determine the thermal properties. Furthermore, an empirical equation was developed for the thermal properties variations with temperature of AISI4140 steel coated with different multilayer coatings. The thermal conductivity of CrAlN single layered was lower than the multilayer and the bulk material AISI4140. Moreover, the influences of structure and composition of the multilayer coatings on the thermal properties are discussed.
The thermal conductivity of nanoscale thin film is remarkably lower than that of bulk materials because of its various size effects.The authors wish to thank the Regional Council of Burgundy and EGIDE for their financial support, and also the technical staff of the Arts et Métiers ParisTech of Cluny: especially Romaric Masset and Pierre-Michel Barbier for the samples preparation
|
Effect of layer thickness on thermal properties of multilayer thin films produced by PVD
|
effect of layer thickness on thermal properties of multilayer thin films produced by pvd
|
craln craln deposited vapor deposition multilayers deposition craln thick films aisi steel silicon substrates properties. craln purposes. morphological diffraction scanning microscopy microanalyses stresses newton’s rings stoney’s hardening hardness micro hardness measurements. hrtem craln craln multilayer coatings exhibited nacl prominent reflection craln microstructures composed nanocrystallites uniformly embedded amorphous matrix. innovation coating properties. aisi steel coated multilayer coatings. conductivity craln layered multilayer aisi influences multilayer coatings discussed. conductivity nanoscale film remarkably effects.the wish council burgundy egide staff arts métiers paristech cluny romaric masset pierre michel barbier preparation
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exact_dup
|
[
"29137533"
] |
144012939
|
10.1002/app.2107
|
The main goal of this work is to study the cationic polymerization of terpenes, particularly of beta-pinene, with alkylaluminum catalysts. Some experiments at different polymerization temperatures (10, 20, and 50°C) were carried out with ethylaluminum dichloride catalyst, C2H5AlCl2. From the results, it is possible to draw some general conclusions about the evolution of chain growth during polymerization. This work also includes the influence of reaction temperature on some properties of the final resin, particularly the molecular weight distribution, the softening point, and the Gardner color index. The role of reducing agents, such as iodine, during the distillation of the final resin is also evaluated with respect to color and softening point. As a result of this investigation, the Mark-Howink constants for terpene resins in toluene and dicloromethane as solvents have also been experimentally determined, thus allowing a more precise use of size exclusion chromatography in the characterization of such natural based products. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 82: 2558-2565, 2001http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.210
|
Polymerization of beta-pinene with ethylaluminum dichloride (C2H5AlCl2)
|
polymerization of beta-pinene with ethylaluminum dichloride (c2h5alcl2)
|
goal cationic polymerization terpenes beta pinene alkylaluminum catalysts. polymerization ethylaluminum dichloride catalyst alcl draw polymerization. resin softening gardner index. reducing iodine distillation resin softening point. mark howink terpene resins toluene dicloromethane solvents experimentally allowing precise exclusion chromatography products. appl polym app.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"19125484"
] |
144013047
|
10.1002/elan.200603732
|
Polypyrrole thin film microelectrodes prepared from an aqueous solution of the sodium salt of 1, 2-napthaquinone-4-sulfonic acid and pyrrole in hydrochloric acid as the supporting electrolyte was characterized electrochemically for the first time and found to exhibit good electronic and spectroscopic properties. Voltammetric investigations showed that the polymer exhibited quasireversible kinetics in a potential window of -400 mV to 700 mV, with a formal potential of 322 mV vs. Ag/AgCl. The diffusion coefficient was calculated to be 1.02×10-6 cm2 s-1 for a thin film with a surface concentration of 1.83×10-7 mol cm-2 having a rate constant of 2.20×10-3 cm s-1 at 5 mV s-1. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy provided quantitative information about the conductivity changes within the modified polymer and support for the quasireversible kinetics suggested by voltammetry. The changes in electrical properties of the polymer during electrochemical p-doping and n-doping were quantified by equivalent electrical circuit fitting and assisted in the identification of the suggested kinetic mechanism. SNIFTIRS confirmed the incorporation of the surfactant into the polypyrrole film and for the first time structural changes within the polymer were observed that could be related to the observed electrochemistry of the polymer.http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.20060373
|
Electrochemical Synthesis and Characterization of 1,2-Naphthaquinone-4-Sulfonic Acid Doped Polypyrrole
|
electrochemical synthesis and characterization of 1,2-naphthaquinone-4-sulfonic acid doped polypyrrole
|
polypyrrole film microelectrodes aqueous sodium salt napthaquinone sulfonic pyrrole hydrochloric supporting electrolyte electrochemically exhibit spectroscopic properties. voltammetric investigations polymer exhibited quasireversible kinetics window formal agcl. film electrochemical impedance spectroscopy conductivity polymer quasireversible kinetics voltammetry. electrical polymer electrochemical doping doping quantified electrical circuit fitting assisted mechanism. sniftirs confirmed incorporation surfactant polypyrrole film polymer electrochemistry polymer. elan.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"19125556"
] |
144013686
|
10.1023/A:1009422328549
|
The phase transition of microemulsions involving the nonionic surfactant C12E5 [C12H25(OCH2-CH2)5OH], water, and alkanes (heptane, decane and tetradecane) has been investigated through the excimer formation of pyrene. On going to the microemulsion bicontinuous phase, by changing either composition or temperature, pronounced changes in the pyrene excimer-to-monomer fluorescence intensity ratio, IE/IM, are observed. Several differences in the steady-state emission spectra and in fluorescence decay curves show that as a probe pyrene is well suited to follow the transition from the water continuous to the oil continuous phase, through an intermediate bicontinuous (continuous in both water and oil) region. The results provide information about the different characteristics and structure of these three regions (water continuous, bicontinuous, and oil continuous) of the phase diagram for C12E5/water/alkane systems.http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:100942232854
|
Monitoring the Phase Transition of C12E5/Water/Alkane Microemulsions Through Excimer Formation
|
monitoring the phase transition of c12e5/water/alkane microemulsions through excimer formation
|
microemulsions involving nonionic surfactant alkanes heptane decane tetradecane excimer pyrene. going microemulsion bicontinuous changing pronounced pyrene excimer monomer fluorescence observed. steady fluorescence pyrene suited bicontinuous region. bicontinuous alkane systems.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"19125920"
] |
144013867
|
10.1007/s10750-004-8335-9
|
The study of the diatom ecological preferences was conducted from January 2002 to June 2003 in Canal de Mira, Ria de Aveiro, Western Portugal. Three sampling stations along a salinity gradient were sampled monthly, in new moon, at high and low tide. Salinity, temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen and nutrient contents were measured for each sampling station; chlorophyll a and diatom diversity and abundance were also evaluated. Canonical correspondence analysis was used to identify the environmental variables governing the composition and structure of diatom assemblage. The variation in the species data among the different reaches was strongly determined by the salinity spatial gradient and by the temperature temporal gradient. The lower reaches were dominated by marine species (e.g. Auliscus sculptus, Chaetoceros densus, Fallacia forcipata,Licmophora flabellata, L. grandis, Surirella comis), while in the most upstream station typical freshwater species dominated (e.g. Caloneis permagna, Cymatopleura solea, Cymbella tumida, Gomphonema longiceps, Pinnularia stommatophora, Stauroneis smithii). Weighted averaging was used to estimate optima and tolerances of some diatom taxa for the most influential variables. It was possible to establish groups oftaxa with defined and distinctive salinity and temperature preferences.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-004-8335-
|
Diatom ecological preferences in a shallow temperate estuary (Ria de Aveiro, Western Portugal)
|
diatom ecological preferences in a shallow temperate estuary (ria de aveiro, western portugal)
|
diatom ecological preferences canal mira aveiro portugal. stations salinity sampled monthly moon tide. salinity dissolved nutrient contents station chlorophyll diatom diversity abundance evaluated. canonical correspondence governing diatom assemblage. reaches salinity gradient. reaches dominated marine e.g. auliscus sculptus chaetoceros densus fallacia forcipata licmophora flabellata grandis surirella comis upstream station freshwater dominated e.g. caloneis permagna cymatopleura solea cymbella tumida gomphonema longiceps pinnularia stommatophora stauroneis smithii weighted averaging optima tolerances diatom taxa influential variables. establish oftaxa distinctive salinity preferences.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"19126020"
] |
144013979
|
10.1007/s10540-005-2580-7
|
Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen-presenting cells (APCs) capable of capturing haptens and to process and present them to T lymphocytes. In order to sensitize T cells for contact hypersensitivity (CHS), skin DCs suffer a maturation process with modifications on their surface molecules. The aim of this work was to evaluate changes induced by two contact sensitizers, 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) and nickel sulfate (NiSO4), and a non-sensitizer 2,4-dichloronitrobenzene (DCNB), on the protein levels of two activation markers, CD40 and IL-12 receptor (IL-12R), in a mouse skin dendritic cell line (FSDC). The expression of CD40 and IL-12R proteins was evaluated by western blot assay and direct immunofluorescence microscopy. The results showed that CD40 and IL-12R expression increased significantly after cell exposure to NiSO4 and DNFB, although DNFB exhibited a stronger activity. There was no effect with DCNB. The epidermal cytokine granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), also used in the experiments, slightly increased the expression of both CD40 and IL-12R and when tested together with the sensitizers the effect was partially additive. The results suggest that the sensitizers DNFB and NiSO4 are directly involved on the changes of the surface markers CD40 and IL-12R in skin DCs, during the sensitization phase of CHS, and this effect may be enhanced by GM-CSF. In contrast, no effect was observed with DCNB.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10540-005-2580-
|
The Sensitizers Nickel Sulfate and 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene Increase CD40 and IL-12 Receptor Expression in a Fetal Skin Dendritic Cell Line
|
the sensitizers nickel sulfate and 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene increase cd40 and il-12 receptor expression in a fetal skin dendritic cell line
|
dendritic antigen presenting apcs capable capturing haptens lymphocytes. sensitize hypersensitivity suffer maturation modifications molecules. sensitizers dinitrofluorobenzene dnfb nickel sulfate niso sensitizer dichloronitrobenzene dcnb markers dendritic fsdc blot immunofluorescence microscopy. niso dnfb dnfb exhibited stronger activity. dcnb. epidermal cytokine granulocyte–macrophage colony stimulating sensitizers partially additive. sensitizers dnfb niso markers sensitization csf. dcnb.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"19126075"
] |
144014008
|
10.1023/A:1025618324593
|
Based on the idea that seizures may arise from an overshoot of excitation over inhibition, all substances that may decrease glutamatergic function while having no effect or even increasing GABAergic neurotransmission are likely to be effective anticonvulsants. We now review the possible role of three such neuromodulators, kainate, adenosine, and neuropeptide Y receptors in controlling hyperexcitability and epileptogenesis. Particular emphasis is given on the robust neuromodulatory role of these three groups of receptors on the release of glutamate in the hippocampus, a main focus of epilepsy. Moreover, we also give special attention to the mechanisms of receptor activation and coupled signaling events that can be explored as attractive targets for the treatment of epilepsy and excitotoxicity. The present paper is a tribute to Arsélio Pato de Carvalho who has been the main driving force for the development of Neuroscience in Portugal, notably with a particular emphasis on the presynaptic mechanisms of modulation of neurotransmitter release.http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:102561832459
|
Presynaptic Modulation Controlling Neuronal Excitability and Epileptogenesis: Role of Kainate, Adenosine and Neuropeptide Y Receptors
|
presynaptic modulation controlling neuronal excitability and epileptogenesis: role of kainate, adenosine and neuropeptide y receptors
|
seizures arise overshoot substances glutamatergic gabaergic neurotransmission anticonvulsants. neuromodulators kainate adenosine neuropeptide receptors controlling hyperexcitability epileptogenesis. emphasis robust neuromodulatory receptors glutamate hippocampus epilepsy. explored attractive targets epilepsy excitotoxicity. tribute arsélio pato carvalho driving neuroscience portugal notably emphasis presynaptic modulation neurotransmitter release.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"19126091"
] |
144014106
|
10.1007/s11081-007-9034-y
|
Abstract An optimization problem is described, that arises in telecommunications and is associated with multiple cross-sections of a single power cable used to supply remote telecom equipments. The problem consists of minimizing the volume of copper material used in the cables and consequently the total cable cost. Two main formulations for the problem are introduced and some properties of the functions and constraints involved are presented. In particular it is shown that the optimization problems are convex and have a unique optimal solution. A Projected Gradient algorithm is proposed for finding the global minimum of the optimization problem, taking advantage of the particular structure of the second formulation. An analysis of the performance of the algorithm for given real-life problems is also presented.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11081-007-9034-
|
Cost minimization of a multiple section power cable supplying several remote telecom equipment
|
cost minimization of a multiple section power cable supplying several remote telecom equipment
|
arises telecommunications cable supply remote telecom equipments. minimizing copper cables cable cost. formulations presented. convex solution. projected advantage formulation. presented.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"19126169"
] |
144022839
|
10.1016/j.jphotochem.2005.08.021
|
The molecular structure, vibrational spectra, tautomerism and photochemistry of the derivative of tetrazole, 1-phenyl-tetrazolone (C7H6N4O; PT) have been studied by FT-IR matrix isolation spectroscopy and DFT/B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) calculations. Among the five structures in which PT could be expected to exist (two keto tautomers, one mesoionic olate-form and two different conformers of the hydroxyl tautomer), only the most stable species, 1-phenyl-1,4-dihydro-5H-tetrazol-5-one, could be experimentally observed in low temperature argon matrices. Monomers of this tautomer give rise to an IR spectrum that fits nicely the calculated spectrum obtained at the DFT/B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level of theory. In situ UV irradiation (λ > 235 nm) of the matrix-isolated PT induces three main photochemical processes, all of them involving cleavage of the tetrazole ring: e.g. (1) molecular nitrogen loss, with production of 1-phenyl-diaziridin-3-one; this compound reacts subsequently to form 1-aza-1,2,4,6-cycloheptatetraene and isocyanic acid (eventually, also to form CO plus phenyldiazene); (2) cleavage of the C(5)–N(1) and N(3)–N(4) tetrazole-ring bonds, with production of phenylazide and isocyanic acid, with phenylazide then losing N2 to yield as final product 1-aza-1,2,4,6-cycloheptatetraene; and (3) cleavage of the N(1)–N(2) and N(4)–C(5) tetrazole-ring bonds, to yield phenylisocyanate and azide. The observed photochemical processes are distinct from the preferred thermal fragmentation channel, where CO is produced together with a weak IR absorbant species
|
Photochemistry of 1-phenyl-tetrazolone isolated in solid argon
|
photochemistry of 1-phenyl-tetrazolone isolated in solid argon
|
vibrational tautomerism photochemistry tetrazole phenyl tetrazolone isolation spectroscopy calculations. keto tautomers mesoionic olate conformers hydroxyl tautomer phenyl dihydro tetrazol experimentally argon matrices. monomers tautomer fits nicely theory. situ irradiation induces photochemical involving cleavage tetrazole e.g. nitrogen phenyl diaziridin compound reacts subsequently cycloheptatetraene isocyanic eventually phenyldiazene cleavage tetrazole bonds phenylazide isocyanic phenylazide losing cycloheptatetraene cleavage tetrazole bonds phenylisocyanate azide. photochemical preferred fragmentation absorbant
|
exact_dup
|
[
"19131917"
] |
147422129
|
10.1063/1.1580991
|
A large frequency dependence of the maximum dielectric constant temperature was observed for LiTaO3 nanocrystals (the diameter 20 Å) dispersed in mesoporous silicate. At the applied field frequency of 100 kHz, the maximum temperatures in the real and imaginary parts were 365 and 345 °C, respectively. The maximum temperature in the real part is apparently lower than the paraelectric–ferroelectric transition temperature (645 °C) of bulk LiTaO3. The maximum temperature in the imaginary part rose from 285 to 420 °C with increasing frequency from 10 to 1000 kHz. Since the bulk LiTaO3 shows no relaxor behavior, such superparaelectric behavior is obviously a consequence of nanominiaturization of LiTaO3 crystal and insignificant cooperative interactions between the nanoparticles
|
Large frequency dependence of lowered maximum dielectric constant temperature of LiTaO3 nanocrystals dispersed in mesoporous silicate
|
large frequency dependence of lowered maximum dielectric constant temperature of litao3 nanocrystals dispersed in mesoporous silicate
|
dielectric litao nanocrystals dispersed mesoporous silicate. imaginary respectively. apparently paraelectric–ferroelectric litao imaginary rose khz. litao relaxor superparaelectric obviously nanominiaturization litao insignificant cooperative nanoparticles
|
exact_dup
|
[
"59243949"
] |
147597163
|
10.1016/j.ctrv.2007.01.009
|
Oxaliplatin is widely regarded as being active in cisplatin-resistant cancer. We undertook a systematic review of the literature to identify, describe and critique the clinical and pre-clinical evidence for the use of oxaliplatin in patients with “cisplatin-resistant” cancer. We identified 25 pre-clinical cell models of platinum resistance and 24 clinical trials reporting oxaliplatin based salvage therapy for cisplatin-resistant cancer. The pre-clinical data suggests that there is cross-resistance between cisplatin and oxaliplatin in low-level resistance models. In models with high level resistance (>10 fold) there is less cross resistance between cisplatin and oxaliplatin, which may be a reason why oxaliplatin is thought to be active in cisplatin-resistant cancer. In clinical trials where oxaliplatin has been used as part of salvage therapy for patients who have failed cisplatin or carboplatin combination chemotherapy, there was a much lower response rate in patients with platinum-refractory or resistant cancers compared to platinum-sensitive cancers. This suggests that there may be cross-resistance between cisplatin and oxaliplatin in the clinic. Oxaliplatin as a single agent had a poor response rate in cisplatin refractory and resistant cancer. Oxaliplatin performed better in combination with other agents for the treatment of platinum resistant/refractory cancer suggesting that the benefit of oxaliplatin may lie in its more favourable toxicity and ability to be combined with other drugs rather than an underlying activity in cisplatin resistance. Oxaliplatin therefore should not be considered broadly active in cisplatin-resistant cancer
|
Oxaliplatin for the treatment of cisplatin-resistant cancer: a systematic review
|
oxaliplatin for the treatment of cisplatin-resistant cancer: a systematic review
|
oxaliplatin widely regarded cisplatin resistant cancer. undertook critique oxaliplatin “cisplatin resistant” cancer. platinum reporting oxaliplatin salvage cisplatin resistant cancer. cisplatin oxaliplatin models. cisplatin oxaliplatin oxaliplatin thought cisplatin resistant cancer. oxaliplatin salvage failed cisplatin carboplatin chemotherapy platinum refractory resistant cancers platinum cancers. cisplatin oxaliplatin clinic. oxaliplatin agent cisplatin refractory resistant cancer. oxaliplatin platinum resistant refractory benefit oxaliplatin favourable toxicity drugs cisplatin resistance. oxaliplatin broadly cisplatin resistant
|
exact_dup
|
[
"11308553"
] |
147603490
|
10.1007/s11010-006-9346-9
|
We describe the cloning, expression and purification of the bovine XM866409 form of pyroglutamyl-aminopeptidase I. The amino acid sequence, deduced from the nucleotide sequence, revealed that it consists of 209 amino acid residues and showed to have 98% homology with the human AJ278828 form of the enzyme. Three amino acid residues at positions 81, 205 and 208 were found to vary among the two sequences. The bovine enzyme was expressed in XL10-gold Esherichia coli cells. Immobilizied Ni-ion affinity chromatography was used to purify the expressed protein resulting in a yield of 3.3mg of PAP1 per litre culture. The purified enzyme had a specific activity of 1700 units/ml. SDS-PAGE produced a single band for bovine PAP1 with a molecular weight of ~23-24 kDa which is in good agreement with previously reported data on PAP1. Kinetic constants Km and Kcat were 59μΜ and 3.5s-1, respectively. It possessed an optimum pH between 9-9.5, a temperature of 37°C and showed an absolute requirement for a thiol-reducing agent (10mM DTT). EDTA didn’t prove to have an effect on enzyme activity. Competitive inhibition was seen with pyroglutamyl peptides pGlu-His-Pro-NH2 (TRH; Ki= 44.1 uM), pGlu-Ala- OH (Ki=141 uM) and pGlu-Val-OH (Ki=652.17)
|
Cloning and heterologous expression of bovine pyroglutamyl peptidase type-1 in Escherichia coli : purification , biochemical and kinetic characterisation
|
cloning and heterologous expression of bovine pyroglutamyl peptidase type-1 in escherichia coli : purification , biochemical and kinetic characterisation
|
cloning purification bovine pyroglutamyl aminopeptidase deduced nucleotide homology enzyme. vary sequences. bovine enzyme gold esherichia coli cells. immobilizied affinity chromatography purify litre culture. purified enzyme bovine kcat respectively. possessed optimum requirement thiol reducing agent edta didn’t enzyme activity. competitive pyroglutamyl peptides pglu pglu pglu
|
exact_dup
|
[
"11311407"
] |
147609010
|
10.1016/j.nimb.2015.08.093
|
Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) surface modification of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) was performed in order to enhance the degree of biocompatibility. Polymer samples were irradiated by different number of EUV shots using a laser–plasma based EUV source in the presence of nitrogen gas. The physical and chemical properties of EUV modified PTFE samples were studied using Atomic Force Microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and water contact angle (WCA) methods. Pronounced wall type micro and nano-structures appeared on the EUV treated polymer surfaces resulting in increased surface roughness and hydrophobicity. Stronger cell adhesion and good cell morphology were observed on EUV modified surfaces by in-vitro cell culture studies performed using L929 fibroblasts
|
Extreme ultraviolet (EUV)surface modification of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) for control of biocompatibility
|
extreme ultraviolet (euv)surface modification of polytetrafluoroethylene (ptfe) for control of biocompatibility
|
extreme ultraviolet modification polytetrafluoroethylene ptfe enhance biocompatibility. polymer irradiated shots laser–plasma nitrogen gas. ptfe microscopy photoelectron spectroscopy methods. pronounced micro nano appeared polymer roughness hydrophobicity. stronger adhesion morphology fibroblasts
|
exact_dup
|
[
"132295868"
] |
148660928
|
10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.03.033
|
This study includes an analysis of the applicability of current models used for estimating the mechanical properties of conventional concrete to self-compacting concrete. The mechanical properties evaluated are: modulus of elasticity, tensile strength, and modulus of rupture. An extensive database which included the dosifications and the mechanical properties of 627 mixtures from 138 different references, was used. The models considered are: ACI, EC-2, NZS 3101:2006 (New Zealand code) and the CSA A23.3-04 (Canadian code). The precision in estimating the modulus of elasticity and tensile strength is acceptable for all models; however, all models are less precise in estimating the modulus of rupture
|
Evaluation of the mechanical properties of self compacting concrete using current estimating models. Estimating the modulus of elasticity, tensile strength, and modulus of rupture of self compacting concrete
|
evaluation of the mechanical properties of self compacting concrete using current estimating models. estimating the modulus of elasticity, tensile strength, and modulus of rupture of self compacting concrete
|
applicability estimating concrete compacting concrete. modulus elasticity tensile modulus rupture. extensive dosifications mixtures used. zealand canadian precision estimating modulus elasticity tensile acceptable precise estimating modulus rupture
|
exact_dup
|
[
"11999548"
] |
148661593
|
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.07.081
|
The analysis of the viability of Hydrogen production without CO2 emissions is one of the most challenging activities that have been initiated for a sustainable energy supply. As one of the tracks to fulfil such objective, direct methane cracking has been analysed experimentally to assess the scientific viability and reaction characterization in a broad temperature range, from 875 to 1700 ?C. The effect of temperature, sweeping/carrier gas fraction proposed in some concepts, methane flow rate, residence time, and tube material and porosity has been analysed. The aggregation of carbon black particles to the reaction tube is the main technological show-stopper that has been identified
|
Experimental analysis of direct thermal methane cracking
|
experimental analysis of direct thermal methane cracking
|
viability challenging initiated sustainable supply. tracks fulfil methane cracking analysed experimentally viability broad sweeping carrier concepts methane residence tube porosity analysed. aggregation tube technological stopper
|
exact_dup
|
[
"12000253"
] |
148662702
|
10.1016/S0096-0551(96)00010-0
|
We present the design and implementation of the and-parallel component of ACE. ACE is a computational model for the full Prolog language that simultaneously exploits both or-parallelism and independent and-parallelism. A high performance implementation of the ACE model has been realized and its performance reported in this paper. We discuss how some of the standard problems which appear when implementing and-parallel systems are solved in ACE. We then propose a number of optimizations aimed at reducing the overheads and the increased memory consumption which occur in such systems when using previously proposed solutions. Finally, we present results from an implementation of ACE which includes the optimizations proposed. The results show that ACE exploits and-parallelism\ud
with high efficiency and high speedups. Furthermore, they also show that the proposed optimizations, which are applicable to many other and-parallel systems, significantly decrease memory consumption and increase speedups and absolute performance both in forwards\ud
execution and during backtracking
|
Improving the efficiency of nondeterministic indepemndent and-parallel systems
|
improving the efficiency of nondeterministic indepemndent and-parallel systems
|
ace. prolog simultaneously exploits parallelism parallelism. realized paper. implementing solved ace. propose optimizations aimed reducing overheads solutions. optimizations proposed. exploits parallelism speedups. optimizations applicable speedups forwards execution backtracking
|
exact_dup
|
[
"12001152"
] |
148663557
|
10.1016/j.infsof.2012.03.003
|
Software testing is a key aspect of software reliability and quality assurance in a context where software development constantly has to overcome mammoth challenges in a continuously changing environment. One of the characteristics of software testing is that it has a large intellectual capital component and can thus benefit from the use of the experience gained from past projects. Software testing can, then, potentially benefit from solutions provided by the knowledge management discipline. There are in fact a number of proposals concerning effective knowledge management related to several software engineering processes. Objective: We defend the use of a lesson learned system for software testing. The reason is that such a system is an effective knowledge management resource enabling testers and managers to take advantage of the experience locked away in the brains of the testers. To do this, the experience has to be gathered, disseminated and reused. Method: After analyzing the proposals for managing software testing experience, significant weaknesses have been detected in the current systems of this type. The architectural model proposed here for lesson learned systems is designed to try to avoid these weaknesses. This model (i) defines the structure of the software testing lessons learned; (ii) sets up procedures for lesson learned management; and (iii) supports the design of software tools to manage the lessons learned. Results: A different approach, based on the management of the lessons learned that software testing engineers gather from everyday experience, with two basic goals: usefulness and applicability. Conclusion: The architectural model proposed here lays the groundwork to overcome the obstacles to sharing and reusing experience gained in the software testing and test management. As such, it provides guidance for developing software testing lesson learned systems
|
An architectural model for software testing lesson learned systems
|
an architectural model for software testing lesson learned systems
|
aspect reliability assurance constantly overcome mammoth challenges continuously changing environment. intellectual capital benefit gained projects. potentially benefit discipline. proposals concerning processes. defend lesson learned testing. resource enabling testers managers advantage locked away brains testers. gathered disseminated reused. analyzing proposals managing weaknesses type. architectural lesson learned avoid weaknesses. defines lessons learned lesson learned supports manage lessons learned. lessons learned engineers gather everyday goals usefulness applicability. architectural lays groundwork overcome obstacles sharing reusing gained management. guidance lesson learned
|
exact_dup
|
[
"12002056"
] |
148664506
|
10.1016/j.solmat.2011.05.009
|
One of the key components of highly efficient multi-junction concentrator solar cells is the tunnel junction interconnection. In this paper, an improved 3D distributed model is presented that considers real operation regimes in a tunnel junction. This advanced model is able to accurately simulate the operation of the solar cell at high concentraions at which the photogenerated current surpasses the peak current of the tunnel junctionl Simulations of dual-junction solar cells were carried out with the improved model to illustrate its capabilities and the results have been correlated with experimental data reported in the literature. These simulations show that under certain circumstances, the solar cells short circuit current may be slightly higher than the tunnel junction peak current without showing the characteristic dip in the J-V curve. This behavior is caused by the lateral current spreading toward dark regions, which occurs through the anode/p-barrier of the tunnel junction
|
Extended description of tunnel junctions for distributed modeling of concentrator multi-junction solar cells
|
extended description of tunnel junctions for distributed modeling of concentrator multi-junction solar cells
|
junction concentrator tunnel junction interconnection. considers regimes tunnel junction. advanced accurately simulate concentraions photogenerated surpasses tunnel junctionl junction illustrate capabilities literature. circumstances circuit tunnel junction curve. lateral spreading toward anode barrier tunnel junction
|
exact_dup
|
[
"16412760"
] |
148668406
|
10.1063/1.4816102
|
We present a theoretical study of the structural and electronic properties of the M-doped MgIn2S4 ternary spinel semiconductor with M = V, Cr, and Mn. All substitutions, in the normal and in the inverse structure, are analyzed. Some of these possible substitutions present intermediate-band states in the band gap with a different occupation for a spin component. It increases the possibilities of inter-band transitions and could be interesting for applications in optoelectronic devices. The contribution to, and the electronic configuration of, these intermediate bands for the octahedral and tetrahedral sites is analyzed and discussed. The study of the substitutional energies indicates that these substitutions are favorable. Comparison between the pure and doped hosts absorption coefficients shows that this deeper band opens up more photon absorption channels and could therefore increase the solar-light absorption with respect to the host
|
Electronic properties of doped magnesium thioindate ternary spinel in the normal and in the inverse structure
|
electronic properties of doped magnesium thioindate ternary spinel in the normal and in the inverse structure
|
doped mgin ternary spinel semiconductor substitutions analyzed. substitutions occupation component. possibilities optoelectronic devices. octahedral tetrahedral discussed. substitutional substitutions favorable. doped hosts deeper opens
|
exact_dup
|
[
"33171227"
] |
148671121
|
10.1016/0094-1190(85)90013-0
|
In an early paper Herbert Mohring (J. Poi Et on , 49 (1961)) presented a model for land rent distribution yielding the well-known result that the price of land must fall with the distance from the city center to offset transportation costs. Our paper is an extension of Mohring's model in which we relax some of his drastic simplifying assumptions. This extended model has been incorporated in a method for economic evaluation of city master plans which has been applied to a Swedish city. In this method the interdependence among housing, heating, and transportation, the dura-bility of urban structures, and the uncertainty of future demand are explicitly considered within a cost-benefit approach. Some empirical results from this pilot study concerning land rent distributions are also presented here
|
An extension of Mohring’s model for land rent distribution
|
an extension of mohring’s model for land rent distribution
|
herbert mohring rent yielding fall city offset transportation costs. mohring relax drastic simplifying assumptions. incorporated city master plans swedish city. interdependence housing heating transportation dura bility explicitly benefit approach. pilot concerning rent
|
exact_dup
|
[
"33173858"
] |
148676319
|
10.1088/1742-6596/506/1/012003
|
The determination of the local Lagrangian evolution of the flow topology in wall-bounded turbulence, and of the Lagrangian evolution associated with entrainment across the turbulent / non-turbulent interface into a turbulent boundary layer, require accurate tracking of a fluid particle and its local velocity gradients. This paper addresses the implementation of fluid-particle tracking in both a turbulent boundary layer direct numerical simulation and in a fully developed channel flow simulation. Determination of the sub-grid particle velocity is performed using both cubic B-spline, four-point Hermite spline and higher-order Hermite spline interpolation. Both wall-bounded flows show similar oscillations in the Lagrangian tracers of both velocity and velocity gradients, corresponding to the movement of particles across the boundaries of computational cells. While these oscillation in the particle velocity are relatively small and have negligible effect on the particle trajectories for time-steps of the order of CFL = 0.1, they appear to be the cause of significant oscillations in the evolution of the invariants of the velocity gradient tensor
|
Numerical issues in Lagrangian tracking and topological evolution of fluid particles in wallbounded turbulent flows
|
numerical issues in lagrangian tracking and topological evolution of fluid particles in wallbounded turbulent flows
|
lagrangian topology turbulence lagrangian entrainment turbulent turbulent turbulent tracking gradients. addresses tracking turbulent simulation. cubic spline hermite spline hermite spline interpolation. flows oscillations lagrangian tracers gradients movement boundaries cells. oscillation negligible trajectories oscillations invariants
|
exact_dup
|
[
"33177258"
] |
148677044
|
10.1002/fld.3929
|
In this work, various turbulent solutions of the two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional compressible Reynolds averaged Navier?Stokes equations are analyzed using global stability theory. This analysis is motivated by the onset of flow unsteadiness (Hopf bifurcation) for transonic buffet conditions where moderately high Reynolds numbers and compressible effects must be considered. The buffet phenomenon involves a complex interaction between the separated flow and a shock wave. The efficient numerical methodology presented in this paper predicts the critical parameters, namely, the angle of attack and Mach and Reynolds numbers beyond which the onset of flow unsteadiness appears. The geometry, a NACA0012 profile, and flow parameters selected reproduce situations of practical interest for aeronautical applications.\ud
The numerical computation is performed in three steps. First, a steady baseflow solution is obtained; second, the Jacobian matrix for the RANS equations based on a finite volume discretization is computed; and finally, the generalized eigenvalue problem is derived when the baseflow is linearly perturbed. The methodology is validated predicting the 2D Hopf bifurcation for a circular cylinder under laminar flow condition. This benchmark shows good agreement with the previous published computations and experimental data.\ud
In the transonic buffet case, the baseflow is computed using the Spalart?Allmaras turbulence model and represents a mean flow where the high frequency content and length scales of the order of the shear-layer thickness have been averaged. The lower frequency content is assumed to be decoupled from the high frequencies, thus allowing a stability analysis to be performed on the low frequency range. In addition, results of the corresponding adjoint problem and the sensitivity map are provided for the first time for the buffet problem. Finally, an extruded three-dimensional geometry of the NACA0012 airfoil, where all velocity components are considered, was also analyzed as a Triglobal stability case, and the outcoming results were compared to the previous 2D limited model, confirming that the buffet onset is well detected
|
Direct and adjoint global stability analysis of turbulent transonic flows over a NACA0012 profile
|
direct and adjoint global stability analysis of turbulent transonic flows over a naca0012 profile
|
turbulent compressible reynolds averaged navier stokes theory. motivated onset unsteadiness hopf bifurcation transonic buffet moderately reynolds compressible considered. buffet phenomenon involves separated shock wave. methodology predicts attack mach reynolds onset unsteadiness appears. naca reproduce situations practical aeronautical applications. steps. steady baseflow jacobian rans discretization eigenvalue baseflow linearly perturbed. methodology validated predicting hopf bifurcation circular cylinder laminar condition. benchmark computations data. transonic buffet baseflow spalart allmaras turbulence averaged. decoupled allowing range. adjoint buffet problem. extruded naca airfoil triglobal outcoming confirming buffet onset
|
exact_dup
|
[
"33177631"
] |
148686806
|
10.1088/1742-6596/813/1/012028
|
This paper presents a dynamic simulation model of a laboratory-scale pumped-storage power plant (PSPP) operating in pumping mode with variable speed. The model considers the dynamic behavior of the conduits by means of an elastic water column approach, and synthetically generates both pressure and torque pulsations that reproduce the operation of the hydraulic machine in its instability region. The pressure and torque pulsations are generated each from a different set of sinusoidal functions. These functions were calibrated from the results of a CFD model, which was in turn validated from experimental data. Simulation model results match the numerical results of the CFD model with reasonable accuracy. The pump-turbine model (the functions used to generate pressure and torque pulsations inclusive) was up-scaled by hydraulic similarity according to the design parameters of a real PSPP and included in a dynamic simulation model of the said PSPP. Preliminary conclusions on the impact of unstable operation conditions on the penstock fatigue were obtained by means of a Monte Carlo simulation-based fatigue analysis
|
Simulation model of a variable-speed pumped-storage power plant in unstable operating conditions in pumping mode
|
simulation model of a variable-speed pumped-storage power plant in unstable operating conditions in pumping mode
|
presents pumped storage pspp operating pumping speed. considers conduits elastic synthetically generates torque pulsations reproduce hydraulic machine instability region. torque pulsations sinusoidal functions. calibrated validated data. match reasonable accuracy. pump turbine torque pulsations inclusive scaled hydraulic similarity pspp said pspp. preliminary unstable penstock fatigue monte carlo fatigue
|
exact_dup
|
[
"84138734"
] |
148690718
|
10.1080/17445647.2016.1239557
|
In the expanding constellation of collaborative map-making initiatives, a growing number of small local projects coexist along with more ambitious and global ones. In developing countries, their existence is not only compatible and complementary, but also necessary, since they meet different needs and pursue diverse and essential objectives, in addition to collecting and sharing geo-located data. In this context, this paper describes the León Emergente initiative, a collaborative living atlas for the city of León in Nicaragua. The results are presented through two main maps that illustrate, for the first time, the formal and informal economic activity of the city as well as the health facilities in relation to the distribution of population across the city. The paper also describes the Leon Emergente online platform and presents a number of online maps that not only represent, but also collect data on different urban aspects and dynamics
|
Collaborative mapping of emerging cities in developing countries: the León Emergente Project
|
collaborative mapping of emerging cities in developing countries: the león emergente project
|
expanding constellation collaborative initiatives growing projects coexist ambitious ones. compatible complementary meet pursue diverse objectives collecting sharing data. describes león emergente initiative collaborative living atlas city león nicaragua. illustrate formal informal city facilities city. describes leon emergente platform presents collect
|
exact_dup
|
[
"94522712"
] |
149226987
|
10.1016/j.clay.2014.11.024
|
Focused ion beam nanotomography (FIB-nt) was applied to MX80 bentonite samples from the long-term Alternative Buffer Material (ABM) experiment in order to study the evolution of the intergranular pore space under similar condition that is supposed to prevail in repositories of nuclear waste. The applied high-resolution imaging method revealed the presence of two different types of pore filler. The first type is related to corrosion of iron and is represented by newly formed heavy minerals. Extensive formation of heavy minerals occurred only near the iron parts of the experimental set up. Based on comparison with other studies, the second filler type was interpreted as clay-gel that was likely formed during water uptake and swelling. A large fraction of the initial pore space was filled with such a clay gel. By attributing filled pores to the present open porosity, the initial intergranular porosity (radii > 10 nm) of the starting material was in the range of 4.3–4.6 vol.%, which was reduced to < 1 vol.% during the experiment. A finite scaling approach was applied to the initial pore space (i.e. pores with radii > 10 nm), which yielded percolation thresholds with critical porosities ϕ in the range of 3–19 vol.%. Thus, the residual open porosity was far below the percolation threshold.
The initial porosity of one sample was above the percolation threshold, but also in this material percolation was restricted to one spatial direction. This indicated anisotropy with respect to percolation. The formation of a clay-gel and heavy minerals led to a decrease in intergranular porosity, which in turn affected connectivity of the pore network. Using results from pore-network modelling in combination with percolation theory illustrates that a minor reduction of porosity led to a substantial decrease in pore connectivity. Depending on water saturation within the observed intergranular pore space, air permeability decreases exponentially over three to four orders of magnitude within a narrow porosity range of about 1 vol.%.
Based on observations and calculations, gas transport along the intergranular pore space of MX80 bentonite from the ABM experiment is not considered as a possible scenario and can reasonably be excluded
|
Intergranular pore space evolution in MX80 bentonite during a long-term experiment
|
intergranular pore space evolution in mx80 bentonite during a long-term experiment
|
focused nanotomography bentonite intergranular pore supposed prevail repositories waste. pore filler. corrosion iron newly minerals. extensive minerals occurred iron filler interpreted clay uptake swelling. pore filled clay gel. attributing filled pores porosity intergranular porosity radii vol. vol. experiment. pore i.e. pores radii yielded percolation thresholds porosities vol. residual porosity percolation threshold. porosity percolation percolation restricted direction. anisotropy percolation. clay minerals intergranular porosity connectivity pore network. pore percolation illustrates minor porosity substantial pore connectivity. saturation intergranular pore permeability exponentially orders narrow porosity vol. intergranular pore bentonite reasonably excluded
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148756988"
] |
150212517
|
10.1016/j.algal.2016.04.017
|
Producción CientíficaA pilot high rate algal pond (HRAP) interconnected to an external CO2–H2S absorption column via settled broth recirculation was used to simultaneously treat a synthetic digestate and to upgrade biogas to a bio-methane with sufficient quality to be injected into natural gas grids. An innovative HRAP operational strategy with biomass recirculation based on the control of algal-bacterial biomass productivity (2.2, 4.4 and 7.5 g m− 2 d− 1) via settled biomass wastage was evaluated in order to enhance nutrient recovery from digestate at a constant hydraulic retention time. The influence of the recycling liquid to biogas (L/G) ratio on the quality of the upgraded biogas was assessed. The bio-methane composition under a L/G ratio of 1 (0.4 ± 0.1% CO2, 0.03 ± 0.04% O2, 2.4 ± 0.2% N2 and 97.2 ± 0.2% CH4) complied with the technical specifications of most European bio-methane legislations regardless of the biomass productivity established. The HRAP operational strategy applied allowed increasing the N and P recovery from 19 and 22% to 83 and 100%, respectively, when the biomass productivity was increased from 2.2 to 7.5 g m− 2 d− 1. Finally, the dynamics of microalgae and bacteria population structure were characterized by morphological identification and Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis analysis.Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (Proyect CTM2015-70442-R
|
Photosynthetic biogas upgrading to bio-methane: Boosting nutrient recovery via biomass productivity control
|
photosynthetic biogas upgrading to bio-methane: boosting nutrient recovery via biomass productivity control
|
producción científicaa pilot algal pond hrap interconnected settled broth recirculation simultaneously treat synthetic digestate upgrade biogas methane injected grids. innovative hrap operational biomass recirculation algal bacterial biomass productivity settled biomass wastage enhance nutrient recovery digestate hydraulic retention time. recycling biogas upgraded biogas assessed. methane complied specifications methane legislations regardless biomass productivity established. hrap operational recovery biomass productivity microalgae bacteria morphological denaturing electrophoresis analysis.ministerio economía industria competitividad proyect
|
exact_dup
|
[
"83116518"
] |
152307285
|
10.1103/PhysRevC.75.027301
|
The already detailed study of $^{107}Tc$ nucleus was complemented by a search for microsecond isomers at very low energy. For this purpose, this neutron-rich nucleus was produced by thermal-neutron-induced fission of $^{241}Pu$. We have found a new 30.1 keV microsecond isomeric state which deexcites to the ground state by a strongly-hindered E1 transition. This isomer was identified as the 3/2+ level of the 1/2+[431] intruder band in $^{107}Tc$ and is also the lowest-lying member of the band. The very low energy of the band head suggests a large quadrupole deformation. From a comparison with $^{105}Tc$,where more information is known about the intruder band, it is deduced that the 1/2+[431] band has a quadrupole deformation, $\epsilon_{2} \geq$ 0.35 and a possible triaxial shape, $\gamma \approx$ 20°
|
Excitation energy and deformation of the 1/2+[431] intruder band in $^{107}Tc$
|
excitation energy and deformation of the 1/2+[431] intruder band in $^{107}tc$
|
nucleus complemented microsecond isomers energy. neutron nucleus neutron fission microsecond isomeric deexcites hindered transition. isomer intruder lying member band. quadrupole deformation. intruder deduced quadrupole deformation epsilon triaxial gamma approx
|
exact_dup
|
[
"46777658"
] |
152392403
|
10.1016/j.aop.2005.05.005
|
An information theory description of finite systems explicitly evolving in time is presented for classical as well as quantum mechanics. We impose a variational principle on the Shannon entropy at a given time while the constraints are set at a former time. The resulting density matrix deviates from the Boltzmann kernel and contains explicit time odd components which can be interpreted as collective flows. Applications include quantum brownian motion, linear response theory, out of equilibrium situations for which the relevant information is collected within different time scales before entropy saturation, and the dynamics of the expansion
|
Generalized Gibbs ensembles for time dependent processes
|
generalized gibbs ensembles for time dependent processes
|
explicitly evolving mechanics. impose variational shannon former time. deviates boltzmann kernel interpreted collective flows. brownian situations saturation
|
exact_dup
|
[
"2375878",
"46782126",
"52706736"
] |
154672926
|
10.1002/eat.22393
|
Objective:
Compulsive exercise is a well-known feature in eating disorders. The Exercise and Eating Disorder (EED) self-report questionnaire was developed to assess aspects of compulsive exercise not adequately captured by existing instruments. This study aimed to test psychometric properties and the factor structure of the EED among women with eating disorders and a control group.
Method:
The study included 449 female participants, including 244 eating disorders patients and 205 healthy controls. The patient group consisted of 32.4% (n = 79) AN patients, 23.4% (n = 57) BN, 34.4% (n = 84) EDNOS and 9.8% (n = 24) with BED diagnosis.
Results:
The analyses confirmed adequate psychometric properties of the EED, with a four-factor solution: (1) compulsive exercise, (2) positive and healthy exercise, (3) awareness of bodily signals, and (4) weight and shape exercise. The EED discriminated significantly (p < .001) between patients and controls on the global score, subscales, and individual items. Test-retest reliability was satisfactory (r = 0.86). Convergent validity was demonstrated by high correlations between the EED and the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q; r = 0.79).
Discussion:
The EED is the first clinically derived, self-report questionnaire to assess compulsive exercise among ED patients. The EED offers assessment that has broader clinical utility than existing instruments because it identifies treatment targets and treatment priorities. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2015; 48:983–993).This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made
|
Validation of the exercise and eating disorders questionnaire
|
validation of the exercise and eating disorders questionnaire
|
compulsive exercise eating disorders. exercise eating disorder questionnaire compulsive exercise adequately captured instruments. aimed psychometric eating disorders group. eating disorders healthy controls. consisted ednos diagnosis. confirmed adequate psychometric compulsive exercise healthy exercise awareness bodily exercise. discriminated subscales items. retest reliability satisfactory convergent validity eating disorder examination questionnaire clinically questionnaire compulsive exercise patients. offers broader utility instruments identifies targets priorities. disord .this creative commons attribution noncommercial noderivs permits properly cited commercial modifications adaptations
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52134103"
] |
159413954
|
10.1093/scan/nss083
|
Erworben im Rahmen der Schweizer Nationallizenzen (http://www.nationallizenzen.ch)Unhappy couple relationships are associated with impaired individual health, an effect thought to be mediated through ongoing couple conflicts. Little is known, however, about the underlying mechanisms regulating psychobiological stress, and particularly autonomic nervous system (ANS) reactivity, during negative couple interaction. In this study, we tested the effects of the neuropeptide oxytocin on ANS reactivity during couple conflict in a standardized laboratory paradigm. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled design, 47 heterosexual couples (total n = 94) received oxytocin or placebo intranasally prior to instructed couple conflict. Participants’ behavior was videotaped and salivary alpha-amylase (sAA), a measure of sympathetic activity, and emotional arousal were repeatedly measured during the experiment. Oxytocin significantly reduced sAA during couple conflict in women, whereas men showed increases in sAA levels (sex × group interaction: B = −49.36, t = −2.68, P = 0.009). In men, these increases were related to augmented emotional arousal (r = 0.286, P = 0.028) and more positive behavior (r = 0.291, P = 0.026), whereas there was no such association in women. Our results imply sex-specific effects of oxytocin on sympathetic activity, to negative couple interaction, with the neuropeptide reducing sAA responses and emotional arousal in women while increasing them in men
|
Sex-specific effects of intranasal oxytocin on autonomic nervous system and emotional responses to couple conflict
|
sex-specific effects of intranasal oxytocin on autonomic nervous system and emotional responses to couple conflict
|
erworben rahmen schweizer nationallizenzen unhappy couple impaired thought ongoing couple conflicts. regulating psychobiological autonomic nervous reactivity couple interaction. neuropeptide oxytocin reactivity couple conflict standardized paradigm. blind placebo heterosexual couples oxytocin placebo intranasally instructed couple conflict. participants’ videotaped salivary alpha amylase sympathetic emotional arousal repeatedly experiment. oxytocin couple conflict augmented emotional arousal women. imply oxytocin sympathetic couple neuropeptide reducing emotional arousal
|
exact_dup
|
[
"159488574"
] |
162589311
|
10.1093/nar/gki490
|
The Remote Analysis Computation for gene Expression data (RACE) suite is a collection of bioinformatics web tools designed for the analysis of DNA microarray data. RACE performsprobe-level data preprocessing,extensive quality checks, data visualization anddatanormalization for AffymetrixGeneChips. In addition, it offers differential expression analysis on normalized expression levels from any array platform. RACE estimates the false discovery rates of lists of potentially regulated genes and provides a Gene Ontology-term analysis tool for GeneChip data to support the biological interpretation and annotation of results. The analysis is fully automated but can be customized by flexible parameter settings. To offer a convenient starting point for subsequent analyses, and to provide maximum transparency, the R scripts used to generate the results can be downloaded along with the output files. RACE is freely available for use at http://race.unil.ch
|
RACE : remote analysis computation for gene expression data
|
race : remote analysis computation for gene expression data
|
remote race suite bioinformatics microarray data. race performsprobe preprocessing extensive checks visualization anddatanormalization affymetrixgenechips. offers array platform. race false discovery lists potentially regulated ontology genechip annotation results. automated customized flexible settings. offer convenient transparency scripts downloaded files. race freely
|
exact_dup
|
[
"162903766"
] |
16521226
|
10.1038/msb.2013.9
|
Src homology 3 (SH3) domains bind peptides to mediate protein–protein interactions that assemble and regulate dynamic biological processes. We surveyed the repertoire of SH3 binding specificity using peptide phage display in a metazoan, the worm Caenorhabditis elegans, and discovered that it structurally mirrors that of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We then mapped the worm SH3 interactome using stringent yeast two-hybrid and compared it with the equivalent map for yeast. We found that the worm SH3 interactome resembles the analogous yeast network because it is significantly enriched for proteins with roles in endocytosis. Nevertheless, orthologous SH3 domain-mediated interactions are highly rewired. Our results suggest a model of network evolution where general function of the SH3 domain network is conserved over its specific form
|
SH3 interactome conserves general function over specific form
|
sh3 interactome conserves general function over specific form
|
homology bind peptides mediate protein–protein assemble regulate processes. surveyed repertoire specificity phage display metazoan worm caenorhabditis elegans discovered structurally mirrors budding yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. mapped worm interactome stringent yeast hybrid yeast. worm interactome resembles analogous yeast enriched roles endocytosis. nevertheless orthologous rewired. conserved
|
exact_dup
|
[
"28943644"
] |
16671633
|
10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2012.11.008
|
One of the current issues of debate in the study of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is deviations of oscillatory brain responses from normal brain states and its dynamics. This work aims to characterize the differences of power in brain oscillations during the execution of a recognition memory task in MCI subjects in comparison with elderly controls. Magnetoencephalographic (MEG) signals were recorded during a continuous recognition memory task performance. Oscillatory brain activity during the recognition phase of the task was analyzed by wavelet transform in the source space by means of minimum norm algorithm. Both groups obtained a 77% hit ratio. In comparison with healthy controls, MCI subjects showed increased theta (p < 0.001), lower beta reduction (p < 0.001) and decreased alpha and gamma power (p < 0.002 and p < 0.001 respectively) in frontal, temporal and parietal areas during early and late latencies. Our results point towards a dual pattern of activity (increase and decrease) which is indicative of MCI and specific to certain time windows, frequency bands and brain regions. These results could represent two neurophysiological sides of MCI. Characterizing these opposing processes may contribute to the understanding of the disorder
|
Dysfunctional and compensatory duality in mild cognitive impairment during a continuous recognition memory task
|
dysfunctional and compensatory duality in mild cognitive impairment during a continuous recognition memory task
|
debate mild impairment deviations oscillatory dynamics. aims characterize oscillations execution recognition elderly controls. magnetoencephalographic recognition performance. oscillatory recognition wavelet transform norm algorithm. ratio. healthy theta beta alpha gamma frontal parietal latencies. indicative windows regions. neurophysiological sides mci. characterizing opposing disorder
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148663491"
] |
17209123
|
10.1007/s12021-012-9153-2
|
Current understanding of the synaptic organization of the brain depends to a large extent on knowledge about the synaptic inputs to the neurons. Indeed, the dendritic surfaces of pyramidal cells (the most common neuron in the cerebral cortex) are covered by thin protrusions named dendritic spines. These represent the targets of most excitatory synapses in the cerebral cortex and therefore, dendritic spines prove critical in learning, memory and cognition. This paper presents a new method that facilitates the analysis of the 3D structure of spine insertions in dendrites, providing insight on spine distribution patterns. This method is based both on the implementation of straightening and unrolling transformations to move the analysis process to a planar, unfolded arrangement, and on the design of DISPINE, an interactive environment that supports the visual analysis of 3D patterns
|
Three-Dimensional Analysis of Spiny Dendrites Using Straightening and Unrolling Transforms
|
three-dimensional analysis of spiny dendrites using straightening and unrolling transforms
|
synaptic synaptic inputs neurons. dendritic pyramidal neuron cerebral cortex covered protrusions named dendritic spines. targets excitatory synapses cerebral cortex dendritic spines cognition. presents facilitates spine insertions dendrites insight spine patterns. straightening unrolling transformations move planar unfolded arrangement dispine interactive supports
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148665423"
] |
18275297
|
10.1016/j.compscitech.2006.07.008
|
The accurate prediction of both the elastic properties and the thermal expansion coefficients is very important for the precise simulation of such processes as injection molding of short-fiber polymer-matrix composites. In this work, a two-step homogenization procedure is applied and compared with experimental values obtained on a polyarylamide/glass fiber composite for a broad range of temperatures. It is observed that the stiffness averaging version of the model surpasses the compliance averaging variant, especially when it is combined with a precise evaluation of the fourth-order orientation tensor. It is also demonstrated that the orthotropic closure approximations are significantly better than previous ones (linear, quadratic, and hybrid) and than a very recent one. Among the orthotropic closure approximations, the fitted ones lead to acceptable results, which are very close to those obtained with the experimentally measured fourth-order orientation tensor
|
Comparison of several closure approximations for evaluating the thermoelastic properties of an injection molded short-fiber composite
|
comparison of several closure approximations for evaluating the thermoelastic properties of an injection molded short-fiber composite
|
elastic precise injection molding fiber polymer composites. homogenization polyarylamide glass fiber composite broad temperatures. stiffness averaging surpasses compliance averaging variant precise fourth tensor. orthotropic closure approximations quadratic hybrid one. orthotropic closure approximations fitted acceptable experimentally fourth
|
exact_dup
|
[
"143691533"
] |
19125414
|
10.1002/elan.200804202
|
The oxidative behavior of viloxazine was studied at a glassy carbon electrode in different buffer systems using cyclic, differential pulse and square-wave voltammetry. The oxidation process was shown to be diffusion-controlled and irreversible over the studied pH. The voltammetric study of the model compounds, 2-ethoxyanisole and morpholine, associated with quantum mechanical (DFT) calculations, allowed to elucidate the oxidation mechanism of viloxazine. An analytical method was developed for the quantification of viloxazine using an acetate pH 5 buffer solution as a supporting electrolyte. A linear response was obtained in the range 7 to 45 muM, with a detection limit of 0.8 muM. Validation parameters such as sensitivity, precision and accuracy were evaluated. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of viloxazine in pharmaceutical formulations and in human serum. The results were statistically compared with those obtained through an established high-performance liquid chromatography technique, no significant differences having been found between the two methods.http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.20080420
|
Voltammetric and DFT Studies on Viloxazine: Analytical Application to Pharmaceuticals and Biological Fluids
|
voltammetric and dft studies on viloxazine: analytical application to pharmaceuticals and biological fluids
|
oxidative viloxazine glassy electrode cyclic voltammetry. oxidation irreversible voltammetric ethoxyanisole morpholine elucidate oxidation viloxazine. quantification viloxazine acetate supporting electrolyte. mum. validation precision evaluated. successfully viloxazine pharmaceutical formulations serum. statistically chromatography methods. elan.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"144012855"
] |
19125426
|
10.1002/mrm.20096
|
A simple and sensitive NMR method for quantifying excess 13C-enrichment in positions 2 and 3 of lactate by 1H NMR spectroscopy of the lactate methyl signal is described. The measurement requires neither signal calibrations nor the addition of a standard and accounts for natural abundance 13C-contributions. As a demonstration, the measurement was applied to sim3 mumol of lactate generated by erythrocyte preparations incubated with [2-13C]glucose to determine the fraction of glucose metabolized by the pentose phosphate pathway (PP). PP fluxes were estimated from the ratio of excess 13C-enrichment in lactate carbon 3 relative to carbon 2 in accordance with established metabolic models. Under baseline conditions, PP flux accounted for 7 ± 2% of glucose consumption while in the presence of methylene blue, a classical activator of PP activity, its contribution increased to 27 ± 10% of total glucose consumption (P < 0.01). Magn Reson Med 51:1283-1286, 2004. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrm.2009
|
Quantitation of erythrocyte pentose pathway flux with [2-13C]glucose and 1H NMR analysis of the lactate methyl signal
|
quantitation of erythrocyte pentose pathway flux with [2-13c]glucose and 1h nmr analysis of the lactate methyl signal
|
quantifying excess enrichment lactate spectroscopy lactate methyl described. neither calibrations accounts abundance contributions. demonstration mumol lactate erythrocyte preparations incubated glucose glucose metabolized pentose phosphate fluxes excess enrichment lactate accordance metabolic models. accounted glucose methylene activator glucose magn reson wiley liss inc. mrm.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"144012872"
] |
19126156
|
10.1007/s10915-004-4799-z
|
Abstract A decomposition of the numerical solution can be defined by the normal mode representation, that generalizes further the spatial eigenmode decomposition of the von Neumann analysis by taking into account the boundary conditions which are not periodic. In this paper we present some new theoretical results on normal mode analysis for a linear and parabolic initial value problem. Furthermore we suggest an algorithm for the calculation of stability regions based on the normal mode theory.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10915-004-4799-
|
Stability Analysis of Difference Methods for Parabolic Initial Value Problems
|
stability analysis of difference methods for parabolic initial value problems
|
decomposition generalizes eigenmode decomposition neumann periodic. parabolic problem. theory.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"144014079"
] |
19127262
|
10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2007.03.007
|
Due to their aesthetic and structural advantages, tubular space truss structures are enjoying increasing popularity in modern bridge construction. The use of cast steel nodes for the joints between the circular hollow section members is also becoming increasingly popular. The fatigue design of such joints, however, requires additional knowledge with respect to their fatigue resistance. Previous experimental investigations showed very clearly that the fatigue behaviour is governed by the welds between the casting stubs and the hollow section members. This paper presents a methodology for the determination of allowable initial sizes of casting defects as a function of the required fatigue resistance of the welds. The relative influence of the main parameters is quantitatively discussed and recommendations for design are given.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2007.03.00
|
Fatigue design of cast steel nodes in tubular bridge structures
|
fatigue design of cast steel nodes in tubular bridge structures
|
aesthetic advantages tubular truss enjoying popularity modern bridge construction. cast steel joints circular hollow becoming increasingly popular. fatigue joints fatigue resistance. investigations fatigue governed welds casting stubs hollow members. presents methodology allowable sizes casting defects fatigue welds. quantitatively recommendations given. j.ijfatigue.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"144015991"
] |
19525213
|
10.1063/1.4804632
|
We analyze the dynamics of Brownian ratchets in a confined environment. The motion of the particles is described by a Fick-Jakobs kinetic equation in which the presence of boundaries is modeled by means of an entropic potential. The cases of a flashing ratchet, a two-state model, and a ratchet under the influence of a temperature gradient are analyzed in detail. We show the emergence of a strong cooperativity between the inherent rectification of the ratchet mechanism and the entropic bias of the fluctuations caused by spatial confinement. Net particle transport may take place in situations where none of those mechanisms leads to rectification when acting individually. The combined rectification mechanisms may lead to bidirectional transport and to new routes to segregation phenomena. Confined Brownian ratchets could be used to control transport in mesostructures and to engineer new and more efficient devices for transport at the nanoscale
|
Confined brownian ratchets
|
confined brownian ratchets
|
analyze brownian ratchets confined environment. fick jakobs boundaries modeled entropic potential. flashing ratchet ratchet detail. emergence cooperativity inherent rectification ratchet entropic confinement. situations none rectification acting individually. rectification bidirectional routes segregation phenomena. confined brownian ratchets mesostructures engineer devices nanoscale
|
exact_dup
|
[
"24934431"
] |
20342247
|
10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2013.03.033
|
Nanofibrillar Al2O3–Y3Al5O12–ZrO2 eutectic rods were manufactured by directional solidification from the melt at high growth rates in an inert atmosphere using the laser-heated floating zone method. Under conditions of cooperative growth, the ternary eutectic presented a homogeneous microstructure, formed by bundles of single-crystal c-oriented Al2O3 and Y3Al5O12 (YAG) whiskers of ≈100 nm in width with smaller Y2O3-doped ZrO2 (YSZ) whiskers between them. Owing to the anisotropic fibrillar microstructure, Al2O3–YAG–YSZ ternary eutectics present high strength and toughness at ambient temperature while they exhibit superplastic behavior at 1600 K and above. Careful examination of the deformed samples by transmission electron microscopy did not show any evidence of dislocation activity and superplastic deformation was attributed to mass-transport by diffusion within the nanometric domains. This combination of high strength and toughness at ambient temperature together with the ability to support large deformations without failure above 1600 K is unique and shows a large potential to develop new structural materials for very high temperature structural applications
|
Superplastic deformation of directionally solidified nanofibrillar Al2O3-Y3Al5O12-ZrO2 eutectics
|
superplastic deformation of directionally solidified nanofibrillar al2o3-y3al5o12-zro2 eutectics
|
nanofibrillar –zro eutectic rods manufactured directional solidification melt inert atmosphere heated floating method. cooperative ternary eutectic homogeneous microstructure bundles oriented whiskers doped whiskers them. owing anisotropic fibrillar microstructure –yag–ysz ternary eutectics toughness ambient exhibit superplastic above. careful examination deformed microscopy dislocation superplastic deformation attributed nanometric domains. toughness ambient deformations
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148668635"
] |
2459539
|
10.1103/PhysRevD.63.053003
|
We provide explicit formulae for the noncyclic geometric phases or
Pancharatnam phases of neutrino oscillations. Since Pancharatnam phase is a
generalization of the Berry phase, our results generalize the previous findings
for Berry phase in a recent paper [Phys. Lett. B, 466 (1999) 262]. Unlike the
Berry phase, the noncyclic geometric phase offers distinctive advantage in
terms of measurement and prediction. In particular, for three-flavor mixing,
our explicit formula offers an alternative means of determining the
CP-violating phase. Our results can also be extended easily to explore
geometric phase associated with neutron-antineutron oscillations
|
Noncyclic geometric phase for neutrino oscillation
|
noncyclic geometric phase for neutrino oscillation
|
formulae noncyclic geometric pancharatnam oscillations. pancharatnam generalization berry generalize berry phys. lett. unlike berry noncyclic geometric offers distinctive advantage prediction. flavor offers determining violating phase. explore geometric neutron antineutron oscillations
|
exact_dup
|
[
"25288278"
] |
29137557
|
10.1063/1.4769053
|
In this study, a theoretical framework is developed to predict the equilibrium conditions of a non-neutrally buoyant sphere placed in a vertical conical tube as encountered in liquid rotameters. The analysis presented herein is applicable for a sphere heavier than the surrounding fluid, situated on the axis of a slightly tapered tube. The sphere is subject to the laminar flow conditions with the Reynolds numbers ranging between the Stokes type regimes up to values corresponding to slightly inertial regimes. In this work, we assume that the aperture angle of the tube is small and that the drag force is mainly due to the dissipation located in the gap between the tube and the sphere. Under these conditions, it is possible to consider the tube as locally cylindrical and we can use the results previously obtained for the correction factor of the Stokes force on a sphere subject to a Poiseuille flow in a tube of constant cross-section. We obtain an equation relating the flow rate to the vertical position of the sphere in the tube and the validity of this analysis is demonstrated by applying it to a commercially available rotameter. The present study provides a simple but sound theoretical method to calibrate such flowmeters
|
Levitating spherical particle in a slightly tapered tube at low Reynolds numbers: Application to the low-flow rate rotameters
|
levitating spherical particle in a slightly tapered tube at low reynolds numbers: application to the low-flow rate rotameters
|
predict neutrally buoyant sphere placed conical tube encountered rotameters. herein applicable sphere heavier surrounding situated tapered tube. sphere laminar reynolds ranging stokes regimes inertial regimes. aperture tube drag dissipation tube sphere. tube locally cylindrical stokes sphere poiseuille tube section. relating sphere tube validity commercially rotameter. sound calibrate flowmeters
|
exact_dup
|
[
"143692926"
] |
30857234
|
10.1007/s10802-015-0045-4
|
This study aimed to investigate the factor structure and external correlates of the constructs Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD) and Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder (DSED) from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). The following were addressed: First, do our data support the DSM-5 conceptualization of RAD/DSED as two separate constructs? Second, are RAD and DSED distinct from other well-established dimensions of child psychopathology? Third, what are the external correlates of RAD/DSED in this sample? The study sample included 122 foster children aged 6–10 years. Foster parents completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), and the RAD/DSED-scale from the Developmental and Well-Being Assessment. Child protection caseworkers completed a questionnaire regarding exposure to maltreatment and placement history. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of the RAD/DSED items identified a good fit for a model with a two-factor structure, which is congruent with the DSM-5 definition of RAD and DSED. A new CFA model, which included the RAD and DSED factors together with the four problem factors of the SDQ (emotional, conduct, hyperactivity-inattention, and peer problems), also demonstrated a good fit with our data. RAD and DSED were associated with the SDQ Impact scale and help seeking behavior. This was partly explained by the SDQ externalizing and peer problem subscales. Our findings lend support for the DSM-5 conceptualization of RAD and DSED as separate dimensions of child psychopathology. Thus, the assessment of RAD and DSED provides information beyond other mental health problems
|
Reactive Attachment Disorder and Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder in School-Aged Foster Children - A Confirmatory Approach to Dimensional Measures
|
reactive attachment disorder and disinhibited social engagement disorder in school-aged foster children - a confirmatory approach to dimensional measures
|
aimed correlates constructs reactive attachment disorder disinhibited engagement disorder dsed diagnostic manual disorders addressed conceptualization dsed constructs dsed psychopathology correlates dsed foster aged years. foster parents completed strengths difficulties questionnaire dsed developmental assessment. protection caseworkers completed questionnaire maltreatment placement history. confirmatory dsed items congruent dsed. dsed emotional conduct hyperactivity inattention peer data. dsed seeking behavior. partly externalizing peer subscales. lend conceptualization dsed psychopathology. dsed
|
exact_dup
|
[
"30833398"
] |
33171910
|
10.1016/j.amc.2013.03.030
|
A method that provides athree-dimensional representation ofthe basin ofattraction of a dynamical system from experimen tal data was applied tothe problem ofdynamic balance restoration. The method isbased onthe density ofthe data onthe phase space ofthe system under study and makes use ofmodeling and numerical curve fittingtools.For the\ud
dynamical system ofbalance restora tion,the shape and the size of the basin of attraction depend on the dynamics of the postural restoring mechanisms and contain important\ud
information regarding the biomechanical,as well as the neuromuscular condition of the individual. The aim ofthis work was toexamine the ability ofthe method todetect,\ud
through the observed changes inthe shape and/or the size ofthe calculated basins of attraction, (a)the inherent differences between different systems (in the current application, postural restoring systems of different individuals)and (b)induced chan ges in the\ud
same system (thepostural restoring system of an individual).The results ofthe study confirm the validity of the method and furthermore justify its robustness
|
Detecting changes in the basin of attraction of a dynamical system: Application to the postural restoring system
|
detecting changes in the basin of attraction of a dynamical system: application to the postural restoring system
|
athree ofthe basin ofattraction experimen tothe ofdynamic balance restoration. isbased onthe ofthe onthe ofthe ofmodeling fittingtools.for ofbalance restora basin attraction postural restoring biomechanical neuromuscular individual. ofthis toexamine ofthe todetect inthe ofthe basins attraction inherent postural restoring chan thepostural restoring .the ofthe confirm validity justify robustness
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148669179"
] |
33174371
|
10.1002/mop.27507
|
This article presents a wide band compact high isolation photoconductive switch, which is based on the series-shunt switch design with three photoconductive switches made of diced high-resistivity silicon wafer placed over a microstrip gap and activated by 808-nm near-infrared laser diodes. The switch shows an insertion loss of 1.2 dB and an isolation of 44.8 dB at 2 GHz. It is easy to operate and control by light, high-speed, electromagnetically transparent and it does not require any biasing circuits
|
High isolation series-shunt photoconductive microwave switch
|
high isolation series-shunt photoconductive microwave switch
|
presents isolation photoconductive switch shunt switch photoconductive switches diced resistivity silicon wafer placed microstrip infrared diodes. switch insertion isolation ghz. operate electromagnetically transparent biasing circuits
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148671632"
] |
33177781
|
10.1016/j.physe.2015.10.019
|
The 8-dimensional Luttinger–Kohn–Pikus–Bir Hamiltonian matrix may be made up of four 4-dimensional blocks. A 4-band Hamiltonian is presented, obtained from making the non-diagonal blocks zero. The parameters of the new Hamiltonian are adjusted to fit the calculated effective masses and strained QD bandgap with the measured ones. The 4-dimensional Hamiltonian thus obtained agrees well with measured quantum efficiency of a quantum dot intermediate band solar cell and the full absorption spectrum can be calculated in about two hours using Mathematica© and a notebook. This is a hundred times faster than with the commonly-used 8-band Hamiltonian and is considered suitable for helping design engineers in the development of nanostructured solar cells
|
Four-Band Hamiltonian for fast calculations in\ud
intermediate-band solar cells
|
four-band hamiltonian for fast calculations in\ud intermediate-band solar cells
|
luttinger–kohn–pikus–bir blocks. diagonal blocks zero. adjusted strained bandgap ones. agrees mathematica© notebook. hundred faster commonly helping engineers nanostructured
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148677371"
] |
34097831
|
10.1007/s00431-013-1930-x
|
Introduction and purpose of the study With this study we aimed to describe a "true world" picture of severe pae-diatric 'community-acquired' septic shock and establish the feasibility of a future prospective trial on early goal-directed therapy in children. During a 6-month to 1-year retrospective screening period in 16 emergency departments (ED) in 12 different countries, all children with severe sepsis and signs of decreased perfusion were included. Results A 270,461 paediatric ED consultations were screened, and 176 cases were identified. Significant comorbidity was present in 35.8 % of these cases. Intensive care admission was deemed necessary in 65.7 %, mechanical ventilation in 25.9 % and vasoactive medications in 42.9 %. The median amount of fluid given in the first 6 h was 30 ml/kg. The overall mortality in this sample was 4.5 %. Only 1.2 % of the survivors showed a substantial decrease in Paediatric Overall Performance Category (POPC). 'Severe' outcome (death or a decrease ≥2 in POPC) was significantly related (p0.01) to: any desaturation below 90 %, the amount of fluid given in the first 6 h, the need for and length of mechanical ventilation or vasoactive support, the use of dobutamine and a higher lactate or lower base excess but not to any variables of predisposition, infection or host response (as in the PIRO (Predisposition, Infection, Response, Organ dysfunction) concept). Conclusion The outcome in our samplewas very good.Many children received treatment early in their disease course, so avoiding subsequent intensive care. While certain variables predispose children to become septic and shocked, in our sample, only measures of organ dysfunction and concomitant treatment proved to be significantly related with outcome. We argue why future studies should rather be large multinational prospective observational trials and not necessarily randomised controlled trial
|
Paediatric community-acquired septic shock: results from the REPEM network study
|
paediatric community-acquired septic shock: results from the repem network study
|
aimed picture diatric acquired septic shock establish feasibility prospective goal directed children. month retrospective screening emergency departments sepsis signs perfusion included. paediatric consultations screened identified. comorbidity cases. intensive admission deemed ventilation vasoactive medications survivors substantial paediatric popc popc desaturation ventilation vasoactive dobutamine lactate excess predisposition piro predisposition organ dysfunction samplewas good.many avoiding intensive care. predispose septic shocked organ dysfunction concomitant proved outcome. argue multinational prospective observational necessarily randomised
|
exact_dup
|
[
"19188895"
] |
35089412
|
10.1007/JHEP06(2015)177
|
Polarimetric experiments driven by the strong field of a circularly polarized laser wave can become a powerful tool to limit the parameter space of not yet detected hidden-photons and minicharged particles associated with extra U(1) gauge symmetries. We show how the absorption and dispersion of probe electromagnetic waves in the vacuum polarized by such a background are modified due to the coupling between the visible U(1)-gauge sector and these hypothetical degrees of freedom. The results of this analysis reveal that the regime close to the two-photon reaction threshold can be a sensititive probe of these hidden particles. Parameters of modern laser systems are used to estimate the projected sensitivities on the corresponding coupling constants in regions where experiments driven by dipole magnets are less constricted. The role played by a paraphoton field is analyzed via a comparison with a model in which the existence of minicharges is assumed only. For both scenarios is found that the most stringent exclusion limit occurs at the lowest threshold mass; this one being determined by a certain combination of the field frequencies and dictated by energy momentum balance of the photo-production of a pair of minicharged particles. The dependencies of the observables on the laser attributes as well as on the unknown particle parameters are also analyzed
|
Light dark matter candidates in intense laser pulses I: paraphotons and fermionic minicharged particles
|
light dark matter candidates in intense laser pulses i: paraphotons and fermionic minicharged particles
|
polarimetric circularly polarized powerful hidden photons minicharged extra symmetries. electromagnetic polarized visible hypothetical freedom. reveal sensititive hidden particles. modern projected sensitivities dipole magnets constricted. played paraphoton minicharges only. scenarios stringent exclusion dictated balance photo minicharged particles. dependencies observables attributes unknown
|
exact_dup
|
[
"35089334"
] |
35089863
|
10.1007/JHEP05(2015)149
|
We investigate the heat properties of AdS Black Holes in higher dimensions. We consider the study of the corresponding thermodynamical properties including the heat capacity explored in the determination of the black hole stability. In particular, we compute the heat latent. To overcome the instability problem, the Maxwell construction, in the ( T, S )-plane, is elaborated. This method is used to modify the the Hawking-Page phase structure by removing the negative heat capacity regions. Then, we discuss the thermodynamic cycle and the heat engines using the way based on the extraction of the work from a black hole solution
|
On heat properties of AdS black holes in higher dimensions
|
on heat properties of ads black holes in higher dimensions
|
holes dimensions. thermodynamical explored stability. latent. overcome instability maxwell elaborated. modify hawking removing regions. thermodynamic engines extraction
|
exact_dup
|
[
"35089780"
] |
35090865
|
10.1007/JHEP03(2015)151
|
We calculate the spectral dimension for a nonperturbative lattice approach to quantum gravity, known as causal dynamical triangulations (CDT), showing that the dimension of spacetime smoothly decreases from ∼ 4 on large distance scales to ∼ 3/2 on small distance scales. This novel result may provide a possible resolution to a long-standing argument against the asymptotic safety scenario. A method for determining the relative lattice spacing within the physical phase of the CDT parameter space is also outlined, which might prove useful when studying renormalization group flow in models of lattice quantum gravity
|
Evidence for asymptotic safety from dimensional reduction in causal dynamical triangulations
|
evidence for asymptotic safety from dimensional reduction in causal dynamical triangulations
|
nonperturbative causal triangulations spacetime smoothly scales. standing argument asymptotic scenario. determining spacing outlined studying renormalization
|
exact_dup
|
[
"35090959"
] |
35091403
|
10.1088/1475-7516/2015/02/012
|
We discuss minisuperspace models within the framework of varying physical constants theories including Λ-term. In particular, we consider the varying speed of light (VSL) theory and varying gravitational constant theory (VG) using the specific ansätze for the variability of constants: c(a) = c0 an and G(a)=G0 aq. We find that most of the varying c and G minisuperspace potentials are of the tunneling type which allows to use WKB approximation of quantum mechanics. Using this method we show that the probability of tunneling of the universe ``from nothing'' (a=0) to a Friedmann geometry with the scale factor at is large for growing c models and is strongly suppressed for diminishing c models. As for G varying, the probability of tunneling is large for G diminishing, while it is small for G increasing. In general, both varying c and G change the probability of tunneling in comparison to the standard matter content (cosmological term, dust, radiation) universe models
|
Varying constants quantum cosmology
|
varying constants quantum cosmology
|
minisuperspace term. gravitational ansätze minisuperspace potentials tunneling mechanics. tunneling universe nothing friedmann growing suppressed diminishing models. tunneling diminishing increasing. tunneling cosmological universe
|
exact_dup
|
[
"35091489",
"35091848"
] |
38677741
|
10.1063/1.4760257
|
The pressure-driven displacement of two immiscible fluids in an inclined channel in the presence of viscosity and density gradients is investigated using a multiphase lattice Boltzmann approach. The effects of viscosity ratio, Atwood number, Froude number, capillary number, and channel inclination are investigated through flow structures, front velocities, and fluid displacement rates. Our results indicate that increasing viscosity ratio between the fluids decreases the displacement rate. We observe that increasing the viscosity ratio has a non-monotonic effect on the velocity of the leading front; however, the velocity of the trailing edge decreases with increasing the viscosity ratio. The displacement rate of the thin-layers formed at the later times of the displacement process increases with increasing the angle of inclination because of the increase in the intensity of the interfacial instabilities. Our results also predict the front velocity of the lock-exchange flow of two immiscible fluids in the exchange flow dominated regime. A linear stability analysis has also been conducted in a three-layer system, and the results are consistent with those obtained by our lattice Boltzmann simulations
|
A study of pressure-driven displacement flow of two immiscible liquids using a multiphase lattice Boltzmann approach
|
a study of pressure-driven displacement flow of two immiscible liquids using a multiphase lattice boltzmann approach
|
displacement immiscible fluids inclined viscosity gradients multiphase boltzmann approach. viscosity atwood froude capillary inclination front velocities displacement rates. viscosity fluids displacement rate. viscosity monotonic front trailing viscosity ratio. displacement displacement inclination interfacial instabilities. predict front lock immiscible fluids dominated regime. boltzmann
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52168977"
] |
38678544
|
10.1063/1.4869775
|
The polycrystalline Bi1-xEuxFeO 3 (x=0, 0.05, and 0.1) ceramics were synthesized by conventional solid-state route. X-ray diffraction studies and Raman measurements revealed that the compounds crystallized in rhombohedral structure with R3c space group. In addition, a nominal percentage of orthorhombic phase was observed in 10 mol.% Eu substituted BiFeO3. Appearance of weak ferromagnetism and significant increase in Néel temperature TN in the substituted compounds were discussed on the basis of structural distortions. Enhanced remnant magnetization of 75 memu/g and large coercive field of 6.4kÖe were observed in 10 mol.% Eu substituted BiFeO3. Equivalent circuit model was employed to estimate the grain and grain boundary contributions towards the electrical parameters such as resistance and conductivity. Non-Debye type of relaxation was confirmed from impedance and electric modulus studies. The obtained frequency variation of ac conductivity at different temperature obeys Jonscher's power law and is consistent with the correlated barrier hopping model. Temperature variations of ac conductivity explained that electronic hopping, oxygen vacancies movement, and/or creation of defects contribute to conduction in all the compounds
|
Enhanced magnetization and improved insulating character in Eu substituted BiFeO3
|
enhanced magnetization and improved insulating character in eu substituted bifeo3
|
polycrystalline xeuxfeo ceramics synthesized route. diffraction raman crystallized rhombohedral group. nominal orthorhombic mol. substituted bifeo appearance ferromagnetism néel substituted distortions. remnant magnetization memu coercive mol. substituted bifeo circuit grain grain electrical conductivity. debye relaxation confirmed impedance modulus studies. conductivity obeys jonscher barrier hopping model. conductivity hopping vacancies movement creation defects conduction
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52169779"
] |
38679335
|
10.1063/1.4927521
|
The rising bubble dynamics in an unconfined quiescent viscosity-stratified medium\ud
has been numerically investigated. This is frequently encountered in industrial as well\ud
as natural phenomena. In spite of the large number of studies carried out on bubbles\ud
and drops, very few studies have examined the influence of viscosity stratification\ud
on bubble rise dynamics. To the best of our knowledge, none of them have isolated\ud
the e\ud
ff\ud
ects of viscosity-stratification alone, even though it is known to influence the\ud
dynamics extensively, which is the main objective of the present study. By conducting\ud
time-dependent simulations, we present a library of bubble shapes in the Galilei and\ud
the Eötvös numbers plane. Our results demonstrate some counter-intuitive phenom-\ud
ena for certain range of parameters due to the presence of viscosity stratification\ud
in the surrounding fluid. We found that in a linearly increasing viscosity medium,\ud
for certain values of parameters, bubble undergoes large deformation by forming an\ud
elongated skirt, while the skirt tends to physically separate the wake region from the\ud
rest of the surrounding fluid. This peculiar dynamics is attributed to the migration\ud
of less viscous fluid that is carried in the wake of the bubble as it rises, and thereby\ud
creating an increasingly larger viscosity contrast between the fluid occupied in the\ud
wake region and the surrounding fluid, unlike that observed in a constant viscosity\ud
medium. It is also observed that the e\ud
ff\ud
ect of viscosity stratification is qualitatively\ud
di\ud
ff\ud
erent for di\ud
ff\ud
erent regimes of the dimensionless parameters. In future, it will be\ud
interesting to investigate this problem in three-dimensions
|
Dynamics of rising bubble inside a viscosity-stratified medium
|
dynamics of rising bubble inside a viscosity-stratified medium
|
rising bubble unconfined quiescent viscosity stratified numerically investigated. frequently encountered industrial phenomena. spite bubbles drops viscosity stratification bubble dynamics. none ects viscosity stratification extensively study. conducting library bubble shapes galilei eötvös plane. counter intuitive phenom viscosity stratification surrounding fluid. linearly viscosity bubble undergoes deformation forming elongated skirt skirt tends physically wake surrounding fluid. peculiar attributed migration viscous wake bubble rises thereby creating increasingly viscosity occupied wake surrounding unlike viscosity medium. viscosity stratification qualitatively erent erent regimes dimensionless parameters.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52170569"
] |
38679659
|
10.1063/1.4941341
|
Pb(Fe0.5-xScxNb0.5)O3 [(PFSN) (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5)] multiferroic relaxors were synthesized and the temperature dependence of phonon modes across ferroelectric to paraelectric transition was studied. With varying Sc content from x = 0 to 0.25 the structure remains monoclinic and with further addition (x = 0.3 - 0.5) the structure transforms into rhombohedral symmetry. Structural refinement studies showed that the change in crystal structure from monoclinic to rhombohedral symmetry involves a volume increment of 34-36%. Associated changes in the tolerance factor (1.024 ≤ t ≤ 0.976) and bond angles were observed. Structure assisted B′-B″ cation ordering was confirmed through the superlattice reflections in selected area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern of Pb(Sc0.5Nb0.5)O3 (x = 0.5). Cation ordering is also evident from the evolution of Pb-O phonon mode in Raman spectra of compositions with rhombohedral symmetry (x ≥ 0.3). The high temperature Raman scattering studies show that the B-localized mode [F1u, ∼250 cm−1] and BO6 octahedral rotational mode [F1g, ∼200 cm−1], both originating from polar nano regions (PNRs) behave like coupled phonon modes in rhombohedral symmetry. However, in monoclinic symmetry they behave independently across the transition. Softening of B localized mode across the transition followed by the hardening for all compositions confirms the diffusive nature of the ferroelectric transformation. The presence of correlation between the B localized and BO6 rotational modes introduces a weak relaxor feature for systems with rhombohedral symmetry in PFSN ceramics, which was confirmed from the macroscopic dielectric studies
|
Effect of crystal structure and cationic order on phonon modes across ferroelectric phase transformation in Pb(Fe0.5-xScxNb0.5)O3 bulk ceramics
|
effect of crystal structure and cationic order on phonon modes across ferroelectric phase transformation in pb(fe0.5-xscxnb0.5)o3 bulk ceramics
|
xscxnb pfsn multiferroic relaxors synthesized phonon ferroelectric paraelectric studied. monoclinic transforms rhombohedral symmetry. refinement monoclinic rhombohedral involves increment tolerance bond angles observed. assisted cation ordering confirmed superlattice reflections diffraction saed cation ordering evident phonon raman compositions rhombohedral raman localized octahedral rotational originating polar nano pnrs behave phonon rhombohedral symmetry. monoclinic behave independently transition. softening localized hardening compositions confirms diffusive ferroelectric transformation. localized rotational introduces relaxor rhombohedral pfsn ceramics confirmed macroscopic dielectric
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52170892"
] |
41135880
|
10.1007/978-3-319-00912-4_4
|
We generalize the classic Allingham and Sandmo’s model of tax evasion considering heterogeneous agents with different degrees of tax morale and matchable, as opposed to non-matchable, income. The Tax Agency evolves its control scheme, maximizing the revenues from fines, and takes into account some minimal information on the taxpayers. We compare different audit policies and find that the most effective scheme remarkably depends on the way agents update the subjective probability of being audited, on the distribution of matchable income in the population as well as on the level of tax morale. Hence, different features of societies and taxpayers’ behaviors not only affect the compliance rate, as expected, but require the Tax Agency to alter its audit policy in a context-dependent way. In particular, high revenues are obtained performing random audits when agents think they are directed towards peculiar individuals and, conversely, should be biased towards low declarations when taxpayers believe audits are nonspecific or random
|
Tax Enforcement in an Agent-Based Model with Endogenous Audits
|
tax enforcement in an agent-based model with endogenous audits
|
generalize classic allingham sandmo’s evasion heterogeneous morale matchable opposed matchable income. agency evolves maximizing revenues fines taxpayers. audit policies remarkably update subjective audited matchable morale. societies taxpayers’ behaviors compliance agency alter audit way. revenues performing audits think directed peculiar conversely biased declarations taxpayers believe audits nonspecific
|
exact_dup
|
[
"53176417"
] |
41997033
|
10.1016/j.ajhg.2009.01.011
|
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a genetically heterogeneous inherited disorder arising from dysmotility of motile cilia and sperm. This is associated with a variety of ultrastructural defects of the cilia and sperm axoneme that affect movement, leading to clinical consequences on respiratory-tract mucociliary clearance and lung function, fertility, and left-right body-axis determination. We performed whole-genome SNP-based linkage analysis in seven consanguineous families with PCD and central-microtubular-pair abnormalities. This identified two loci, in two families with intermittent absence of the central-pair structure (chromosome 6p21.1, Zmax 6.7) and in five families with complete absence of the central pair (chromosome 6q22.1, Zmax 7.0). Mutations were subsequently identified in two positional candidate genes, RSPH9 on chromosome 6p21.1 and RSPH4A on chromosome 6q22.1. Haplotype analysis identified a common ancestral founder effect RSPH4A mutation present in UK-Pakistani pedigrees. Both RSPH9 and RSPH4A encode protein components of the axonemal radial spoke head. In situ hybridization of murine Rsph9 shows gene expression restricted to regions containing motile cilia. Investigation of the effect of knockdown or mutations of RSPH9 orthologs in zebrafish and Chlamydomonas indicate that radial spoke head proteins are important in maintaining normal movement in motile, “9+2”-structure cilia and flagella. This effect is rescued by reintroduction of gene expression for restoration of a normal beat pattern in zebrafish. Disturbance in function of these genes was not associated with defects in left-right axis determination in humans or zebrafish
|
Mutations in Radial Spoke Head Protein Genes RSPH9 and RSPH4A Cause Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia with Central-Microtubular-Pair Abnormalities
|
mutations in radial spoke head protein genes rsph9 and rsph4a cause primary ciliary dyskinesia with central-microtubular-pair abnormalities
|
ciliary dyskinesia genetically heterogeneous inherited disorder arising dysmotility motile cilia sperm. ultrastructural defects cilia sperm axoneme movement consequences respiratory tract mucociliary clearance fertility determination. linkage seven consanguineous families microtubular abnormalities. loci families intermittent chromosome zmax families chromosome zmax subsequently positional candidate rsph chromosome rsph chromosome haplotype ancestral founder rsph mutation pakistani pedigrees. rsph rsph encode axonemal spoke head. situ hybridization murine rsph restricted motile cilia. knockdown rsph orthologs zebrafish chlamydomonas spoke maintaining movement motile cilia flagella. rescued reintroduction restoration beat zebrafish. disturbance defects humans zebrafish
|
exact_dup
|
[
"82214001"
] |
43610120
|
10.1007/978-3-319-02958-0_57
|
‘Presence’, the sense of being inside a virtual environment evoked with the help of computer mediation, has come to be a subject well explored in the field of virtual reality. Studies on mental imagery confirm that we can intuitively evoke objects and spaces in our minds and interact with them temporally. We believe that a sense of presence could be experienced in such self-evoked reality as well. This paper explores the experience of presence in visual mental imagery. We studied verbal expressions, physical movements and gestures, exhibited during mental imagery experiences in two scenarios - a guiding task and a mental walk exercise. A ‘protocol analysis’ was performed followed by analysis of time taken and mapping of physical movements. The results evidently point to this spatio-temporal phenomenon of experiencing presence. Furthermore, we present a comparative review on the sense of presence experienced during mental imagery and virtual reality.IIT-ParisTech mobility programm
|
Presence in Visual Mental Imagery
|
presence in visual mental imagery
|
‘presence’ virtual evoked mediation come explored virtual reality. imagery confirm intuitively evoke minds interact temporally. believe experienced evoked reality well. explores imagery. verbal expressions movements gestures exhibited imagery experiences scenarios guiding walk exercise. ‘protocol analysis’ movements. evidently spatio phenomenon experiencing presence. comparative experienced imagery virtual reality.iit paristech mobility programm
|
exact_dup
|
[
"143695057"
] |
46171246
|
10.1007/s12544-016-0198-4
|
Aeronautic transport has an effective necessity of reducing fuel consumption and emissions to deliver efficiency and competitiveness driven by today commercial and legislative requirements. Actual aircraft configurations scenario allows envisaging the signs of a diffused technological maturity and they seem very near their limits. This scenario clearly shows the necessity of radical innovations with particular reference to propulsion systems and to aircraftarchitecture consequently.\ud
Methods\ud
This paper presents analyses and discusses a promising propulsive architecture based on an innovative nozzle, which allows realizing the selective adhesion of two impinging streams to two facing jets to two facing Coanda surfaces. This propulsion system is known with the acronym ACHEON (Aerial Coanda High Efficiency Orienting Nozzle). This paper investigates how the application of an all-electric ACHEONs propulsion system to a very traditional commuter aircraft can improve its relevant performances. This paper considers the constraints imposed by current state-of-the-art electric motors, drives, storage and conversion systems in terms of both power/energy density and performance and considers two different aircraft configurations: one using battery only and one adopting a more sophisticated hybrid cogeneration. The necessity of producing a very solid analysis has forced to limit the deflection of the jet in a very conservative range (±15°) with respect to the horizontal. This range can be surely produced also by not optimal configurations and allow minimizing the use of DBD. From the study of general flight dynamics equations of the aircraft in two-dimensional form it has been possible to determine with a high level of accuracy the advantages that ACHEON brings in terms of reduced stall speed and of reduced take-off and landing distances. Additionally, it includes an effective energy analysis focusing on the efficiency and environmental advantages of the electric ACHEON based propulsion by assuming the today industrial grade high capacity batteries with a power density of 207 Wh/kg.\ud
Results\ud
It has been clearly demonstrated that a short flight could be possible adopting battery energy storage, and longer duration could be possible by adopting a more sophisticated cogeneration system, which is based on cogeneration from a well-known turboprop, which is mostly used in helicopter propulsion. This electric generation system can be empowered by recovering the heat and using it to increase the temperature of the jet. It is possible to transfer this considerable amount of heat to the jet by convection and direct fluid mixing. In this way, it is possible to increase the energy of the jets of an amount that allows more than recover the pressure losses in the straitening section. In this case, it is then possible to demonstrate an adequate autonomy of flight and operative range of the aircraft. The proposed architecture, which is within the limits of the most conservative results obtained, demonstrates significant additional benefits for aircraft manoeuvrability. In conclusion, this paper has presented the implantation of ACHEON on well-known traditional aircraft, verifying the suitability and effectiveness of the proposed system both in terms of endurance with a cogeneration architecture and in terms of manoeuvrability. It has demonstrated the potential of the system in terms of both takeoff and landing space requirements.\ud
Conclusions\ud
This innovation opens interesting perspectives for the future implementation of this new vector and thrust propulsion system, especially in the area of greening the aeronautic sector. It has also demonstrated that ACHEON has the potential of renovating completely a classic old aircraft configuration such as the one of Cessna 402
|
A new aircraft architecture based on the ACHEON Coanda effect nozzle: flight model and energy evaluation
|
a new aircraft architecture based on the acheon coanda effect nozzle: flight model and energy evaluation
|
aeronautic necessity reducing fuel deliver competitiveness today commercial legislative requirements. aircraft configurations envisaging signs diffused technological maturity seem limits. necessity radical innovations propulsion aircraftarchitecture consequently. presents discusses promising propulsive architecture innovative nozzle realizing selective adhesion impinging streams facing jets facing coanda surfaces. propulsion acronym acheon aerial coanda orienting nozzle investigates acheons propulsion traditional commuter aircraft performances. considers imposed motors drives storage conversion considers aircraft configurations battery adopting sophisticated hybrid cogeneration. necessity producing forced deflection conservative horizontal. surely configurations minimizing dbd. flight aircraft advantages acheon brings stall landing distances. additionally focusing advantages acheon propulsion today industrial grade batteries flight adopting battery storage adopting sophisticated cogeneration cogeneration turboprop mostly helicopter propulsion. empowered recovering jet. considerable convection mixing. jets recover losses straitening section. adequate autonomy flight operative aircraft. architecture conservative demonstrates benefits aircraft manoeuvrability. implantation acheon traditional aircraft verifying suitability effectiveness endurance cogeneration architecture manoeuvrability. takeoff landing requirements. innovation opens perspectives thrust propulsion greening aeronautic sector. acheon renovating classic aircraft cessna
|
exact_dup
|
[
"80171963",
"84587457"
] |
46755112
|
10.1016/j.jhin.2015.07.001
|
International audienceBackgroundMultisite information regarding surgical site infection (SSI) rates for cardiac surgery programmes is not widely available. Ward characteristics that may affect outcomes have not been analysed previously.AimTo determine individual- and ward-level factors associated with SSI occurrence after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and valvular surgery.MethodsA dataset from the French national SSI database ISO-RAISIN 2008–2011 was used. Only adult patients were included. A standardized questionnaire was completed for each patient who underwent surgery, and patients with and without SSI were characterized. Patients and ward risk factors for SSI were analysed using a multilevel logistic regression model with SSI as binary outcome (two levels: patient and ward).ResultsOut of 8569 patients from 39 wards, the SSI rate was 2.2%. Micro-organisms were isolated in 144 patients (74%): 35% coagulase-negative staphylococci (N = 51), 23% Staphylococcus aureus (N = 33), 6% Escherichia coli (N = 8). Higher probability of SSI was associated with the duration of preoperative hospitalization, the duration of follow-up, the duration of surgery >75th percentile and the SSI rate in the surgery ward. The residual heterogeneity between wards (median odds ratio: 1.53) was as relevant as duration of preoperative hospitalization (odds ratio: 1.57).ConclusionAlthough patient risk factors were more strongly associated with SSI occurrence, this study provided evidence for the existence of a ward-level effect. This should be taken into account when considering possible corrective interventions
|
Surgical site infection after valvular or coronary artery bypass surgery: 2008–2011 French SSI national ISO-RAISIN surveillance
|
surgical site infection after valvular or coronary artery bypass surgery: 2008–2011 french ssi national iso-raisin surveillance
|
audiencebackgroundmultisite surgical programmes widely available. ward analysed previously.aimto ward occurrence coronary artery bypass grafting cabg valvular surgery.methodsa dataset french raisin used. included. standardized questionnaire completed underwent characterized. ward analysed multilevel logistic ward .resultsout wards micro organisms coagulase staphylococci staphylococcus aureus escherichia coli preoperative hospitalization percentile ward. residual heterogeneity wards odds preoperative hospitalization odds .conclusionalthough occurrence ward effect. corrective interventions
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48162084",
"52838019"
] |
46755585
|
10.1088/1742-6596/635/3/032084
|
International audienceSingle and double electron capture as well as projectile single and multiple ionization processes occurring in 125keV/u Cn+-He, Ar collisions have been studied experimentally and theoretically for 1 ≤ n ≤ 5. The Independent atom and electron (IAE) model has been used to describe the cluster-atom collision. The ion/atom-atom probabilities required for the IAE simulations have been determined by classical trajectory Monte Carlo (CTMC) and semiclassical atomic orbital close coupling (SCAOCC) calculations for the Ar and He targets respectively. In general the agreement between experiment and IAE simulations was good, with the exception of double electron capture leading to anionic C−n species
|
Electron capture and ionization processes in high velocity Cn+, C-Ar and Cn+, C-He collisions
|
electron capture and ionization processes in high velocity cn+, c-ar and cn+, c-he collisions
|
audiencesingle capture projectile ionization occurring collisions experimentally theoretically atom atom collision. atom atom probabilities trajectory monte carlo ctmc semiclassical orbital scaocc targets respectively. exception capture anionic
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52675669"
] |
47098171
|
10.1016/j.jseaes.2013.01.023
|
International audienceNorthwestern China belts result from the Palaeozoic collage of Central Asia and the subsequent reactivations due to far-field effects of the Mesozoic Tibetan and the Cenozoic Himalayan collisions. Triassic is a crucial period to understand and decipher the tectonics related to these two episodes. About 250 oriented palaeomagnetic cores from 43 sites were collected from six sections of Upper Permian to Late Triassic sandstone, in South and West Junggar, Northwestern China. Thermomagnetic, IRM and hysteresis measurements reveal magnetite as the main carrier of the magnetic remanence with minor hematite and maghemite. Stepwise thermal demagnetisation has generally isolated two components. The low temperature component, up to 300-350 °C, displays a direction consistent with the present-day geomagnetic field. The locality-mean directions related to the high temperature component (above 350 °C) were also calculated. Two out of six sections display intense viscous magnetisation and the occurrence of maghemite reveals a possible Cenozoic chemical remagnetisation for these two localities. For the other four localities, we assume that the magnetisation is primary because: (1) AMS measurements reveal a primary fabric, (2) there are local occurrences of antipodal polarities, and (3) palaeolatitudes of tilt-corrected poles are compatible with previous studies. The consistency between the Early Triassic poles of West and South Junggar indicates that Junggar evolved as a rigid block only since Early Mesozoic. The comparison of the Late Palaeozoic and the Early Mesozoic poles of Junggar and those of Siberia and Tarim shows major rotations between the Late Permian and the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous. These periods of discrete rotations are characterized by strike-slip faulting in Tianshan and Altai and they may correlate with the major episodes of coarse-grained detrital sedimentation and uplift of the range. Especially, the counter-clockwise rotations of Junggar relative to Tarim and Siberia, which occurred between the Early and the Late Triassic and between the Late Triassic and the Late Jurassic, are accommodated by transpressive tectonics in the Tianshan and the Altai belts. This reactivation is a far-field effect of Tibetan blocks diachronous collisions. Therefore, these first Triassic palaeomagnetic results from Junggar infer that post-Carboniferous rotations were due to the combined effect of the post-orogenic transcurrent movement and the Mesozoic oblique reactivation
|
First Triassic palaeomagnetic constraints from Junggar (NW China) and their implications for the Mesozoic tectonics in Central Asia
|
first triassic palaeomagnetic constraints from junggar (nw china) and their implications for the mesozoic tectonics in central asia
|
audiencenorthwestern belts palaeozoic collage asia reactivations mesozoic tibetan cenozoic himalayan collisions. triassic crucial decipher tectonics episodes. oriented palaeomagnetic cores permian triassic sandstone west junggar northwestern china. thermomagnetic hysteresis reveal magnetite carrier remanence minor hematite maghemite. stepwise demagnetisation components. displays geomagnetic field. locality directions calculated. display intense viscous magnetisation occurrence maghemite reveals cenozoic remagnetisation localities. localities magnetisation reveal fabric occurrences antipodal polarities palaeolatitudes tilt corrected poles compatible studies. consistency triassic poles west junggar junggar evolved rigid mesozoic. palaeozoic mesozoic poles junggar siberia tarim rotations permian jurassic cretaceous. rotations strike slip faulting tianshan altai correlate episodes coarse grained detrital sedimentation uplift range. counter clockwise rotations junggar tarim siberia occurred triassic triassic jurassic accommodated transpressive tectonics tianshan altai belts. reactivation tibetan blocks diachronous collisions. triassic palaeomagnetic junggar infer carboniferous rotations orogenic transcurrent movement mesozoic oblique reactivation
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exact_dup
|
[
"52726415"
] |
47100255
|
10.1002/acr.21747
|
International audienceOBJECTIVE: To estimate the minimum clinically important improvement (MCII) and patient acceptable symptom state (PASS) values for 4 generic outcomes in 5 rheumatic diseases and 7 countries. METHODS: We conducted a multinational (Australia, France, Italy, Lebanon, Morocco, Spain, and The Netherlands) 4-week cohort study involving 1,532 patients who were prescribed nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs for ankylosing spondylitis, chronic back pain, hand osteoarthritis, hip and/or knee osteoarthritis, or rheumatoid arthritis. The MCII and PASS values were estimated with the 75th percentile approach for 4 generic outcomes: pain, patient global assessment, functional disability, and physician global assessment, all normalized to a 0-100 score. RESULTS: For the whole sample, the estimated MCII values for absolute change at 4 weeks were -17 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] -18, -15) for pain; -15 (95% CI -16, -14) for patient global assessment; -12 (95% CI -13, -11) for functional disability assessment; and -14 (95% CI -15, -14) for physician global assessment. For the whole sample, the estimated PASS values were 42 (95% CI 40, 44) for pain; 43 (95% CI 41, 45) for patient global assessment; 43 (95% CI 41, 44) for functional disability assessment; and 39 (95% CI 37, 40) for physician global assessment. Estimates were consistent across diseases and countries (for subgroups ≥20 patients). CONCLUSION: This work allows for promoting the use of values of MCII (15 of 100 for absolute improvement, 20% for relative improvement) and PASS (40 of 100) in reporting the results of trials of any of the 5 involved rheumatic diseases with pain, patient global assessment, physical function, or physician global assessment used as outcome criteria
|
Minimum clinically important improvement and patient acceptable symptom state in pain and function in rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, chronic back pain, hand osteoarthritis, and hip and knee osteoarthritis: Results from a prospective multinational study.
|
minimum clinically important improvement and patient acceptable symptom state in pain and function in rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, chronic back pain, hand osteoarthritis, and hip and knee osteoarthritis: results from a prospective multinational study.
|
audienceobjective clinically mcii acceptable symptom pass generic rheumatic countries. multinational australia lebanon morocco spain netherlands week cohort involving prescribed nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs ankylosing spondylitis osteoarthritis knee osteoarthritis rheumatoid arthritis. mcii pass percentile generic disability physician score. mcii confidence disability physician assessment. pass disability physician assessment. subgroups promoting mcii pass reporting rheumatic physician
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exact_dup
|
[
"52195707"
] |
47111589
|
10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.144501
|
to be published in Phys. Rev. Lett.International audienceWe report the observation of the transition from an ordered solid-like phase to a disordered liquid-like phase of a lattice of spikes on a ferrofluid surface submitted to horizontal sinusoidal vibrations. The melting transition occurs for a critical spike displacement which is experimentally found to follow the Lindemann criterion, for two different lattice topologies (hexagonal and square) and over a wide range of lattice wavelengths. An intermediate hexatic-like phase between the solid and isotropic liquid phases is also observed and characterized by standard correlation functions. This dissipative out-of-equilibrium system exhibits strong similarities with 2D melting in solid-state physics
|
Two-Dimensional Melting of a Crystal of Ferrofluid Spikes
|
two-dimensional melting of a crystal of ferrofluid spikes
|
phys. rev. lett.international audiencewe ordered disordered spikes ferrofluid submitted sinusoidal vibrations. melting spike displacement experimentally lindemann criterion topologies hexagonal wavelengths. hexatic isotropic functions. dissipative exhibits similarities melting
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exact_dup
|
[
"52458998"
] |
47276497
|
10.1080/01690965.2011.645313
|
Special Issue: Speech Recognition in Adverse ConditionsInternational audienceIn this paper, we put forward a computational framework for the comparison between motor, auditory, and perceptuo-motor theories of speech communication. We first recall the basic arguments of these three sets of theories, either applied to speech perception or to speech production. Then we expose a unifying Bayesian model able to express each theory in a probabilistic way. Focusing on speech perception, we demonstrate that under two hypotheses, regarding communication noise and inter-speaker variability, providing perfect conditions for speech communication, motor, and auditory theories are indistinguishable. We then degrade successively each hypothesis to study the distinguish- ability of the different theories in ''adverse'' conditions. We first present simulations on a simplified implementation of the model with mono-dimensional sensory and motor variables, and secondly we consider a simulation of the human vocal tract providing more realistic auditory and articulatory variables. Simulation results allow us to emphasise the respective roles of motor and auditory knowledge in various conditions of speech perception in adverse conditions, and to suggest some guidelines for future studies aiming at assessing the role of motor knowledge in speech perception
|
Adverse conditions improve distinguishability of auditory, motor and perceptuo-motor theories of speech perception: an exploratory Bayesian modeling study
|
adverse conditions improve distinguishability of auditory, motor and perceptuo-motor theories of speech perception: an exploratory bayesian modeling study
|
speech recognition adverse conditionsinternational audiencein motor auditory perceptuo motor speech communication. arguments speech perception speech production. expose unifying bayesian express probabilistic way. focusing speech perception hypotheses speaker perfect speech motor auditory indistinguishable. degrade successively distinguish adverse conditions. simplified mono sensory motor secondly vocal tract realistic auditory articulatory variables. emphasise respective roles motor auditory speech perception adverse guidelines aiming assessing motor speech perception
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exact_dup
|
[
"51948245"
] |
47285089
|
10.1016/j.jcp.2011.12.039
|
18 pagesInternational audienceLiquid-liquid extraction modeling leads to solve an index one DAE system. For the sake of robustness, it is desirable to account for non-negative constraints. Based on the DASSL architecture (a classical index one DAE solver) we propose and compare three different strategies to implement these bound constraints. Each of these strategies corresponds to a different Newton modification: clipping, damping, or interior point method. The comparisons are made on two test cases: the Robertson ODE problem, and an example from liquid-liquid extraction modeling
|
Strategies for solving index one DAE with non-negative constraints: Application to liquid-liquid extraction
|
strategies for solving index one dae with non-negative constraints: application to liquid-liquid extraction
|
pagesinternational audienceliquid extraction solve system. sake robustness desirable constraints. dassl architecture solver propose different implement constraints. different newton modification clipping damping interior method. comparisons robertson extraction
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52686219",
"52727522"
] |
47288380
|
10.1029/2011GL047875.
|
International audienceWe investigate temporal variations in the polarization of surface waves determined using ambient seismic noise cross-correlations between station pairs at the time of the Mw 6.0 Parkfield earthquake of September 28, 2004. We use data recorded by the High Resolution Seismic Network's 3-component seismometers located along the San Andreas Fault. Our results show strong variations in azimuthal surface wave polarizations, Psi, for the paths containing station VARB, one of the closest stations to the San Andreas Fault, synchronous with the Parkfield earthquake. Concerning the other station pair, only smooth temporal variations of Y are observed. Two principal contributions to these changes in Y are identified and separated. They are: (1) slow and weak variations due to seasonal changes in the incident direction of seismic noise; and (2) strong and rapid rotations synchronous with the Parkfield earthquake for paths containing station VARB. Strong shifts in Y are interpreted in terms of changes in crack-induced anisotropy due to the co-seismic rotation of the stress field. Because these changes are only observed on paths containing station VARB, the anisotropic layer responsible for the changes is most likely localized around VARB in the shallow crust. These results suggest that the polarization of surface waves may be very sensitive to changes in the orientations of distributed cracks and that implementation of our technique on a routine basis may prove useful for monitoring stress changes deep within seismogenic zones. Citation: Durand, S., J. P. Montagner, P. Roux, F. Brenguier, R. M. Nadeau, and Y. Ricard (2011), Passive monitoring of anisotropy change associated with the Parkfield 2004 earthquake, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L13303, doi: 10.1029/2011GL047875
|
Passive monitoring of anisotropy change associated with the Parkfield 2004 earthquake
|
passive monitoring of anisotropy change associated with the parkfield 2004 earthquake
|
audiencewe ambient seismic station parkfield earthquake september seismic seismometers andreas fault. azimuthal polarizations paths station varb closest stations andreas fault synchronous parkfield earthquake. concerning station observed. principal separated. slow seasonal incident seismic rotations synchronous parkfield earthquake paths station varb. shifts interpreted crack anisotropy seismic field. paths station varb anisotropic localized varb shallow crust. orientations cracks routine seismogenic zones. citation durand montagner roux brenguier nadeau ricard passive anisotropy parkfield earthquake geophys. res. lett.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47104403",
"52317220",
"52732081"
] |
47307259
|
10.1007/978-3-642-55355-4_43
|
Part 7: e-Health, the New Frontier of Service Science InnovationInternational audienceAs in many countries, ageing and aged care in China is an important issue. There is a need for more research on the potential for technology to assist older people and their families, particularly given the disappointing levels of adoption in developed countries. Accordingly this paper aims to gain insight into the perceptions of older people and stakeholders in relation to issues of ageing and their interest in adoption of technology. Using convenience sampling, the authors surveyed 277 participants to understand peoples concerns concerning ageing and use of technologies. Results from this study provide a basis for discussion with stakeholders, particularly concerning ageing in China
|
Concerns of Ageing and Interest in Assistive Technologies – Convenience Sampling of Attendees at an Aged Care Technology Exhibition in China
|
concerns of ageing and interest in assistive technologies – convenience sampling of attendees at an aged care technology exhibition in china
|
frontier innovationinternational audienceas ageing aged issue. assist older families disappointing adoption countries. accordingly aims insight perceptions older stakeholders ageing adoption technology. convenience surveyed peoples concerns concerning ageing technologies. stakeholders concerning ageing
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47347505"
] |
47308960
|
10.1016/j.jappgeo.2005.06.003
|
Characterisation and sampling of coarse heterogeneous soils is often impossible using common geotechnical in-situ tests once the soil contains particles with a diameter larger than a few decimetres. In this situation geophysical techniques - and particularly electrical measurements - can act as an alternative method for obtaining information about the ground characteristics. This paper deals with the use of electrical tomography on heterogeneous diphasic media consisting of resistive inclusions embedded in a conductive matrix. The adopted approach articulates in three steps: numerical modelling, measurements on a small-scale physical model, and field measurements. Electrical measurements were simulated using finite element analyses, on a numerical model containing a random concentration of inclusions varying from 0 to 40 %. It is shown that for electrode spacing 8 times greater than the radius of inclusions, the equivalent homogeneous resistivity is obtained. In this condition, average measured resistivity is a function of the concentration of inclusions, in agreement with the theoretical laws. To apply these results on real data, a small-scale physical model has been built, where electrical measurements were conducted both on the model and on each phase. From these laboratory measurements, a very satisfying estimation of the percentage of inclusions has been obtained. Finally, the methodology applied to a real experimental site composed of alluvial fan deposits made of limestone rocks embedded in a clayey matrix. The estimated percentage of rock particles obtained via electrical measurements was in accordance with the real grain size distribution
|
Characterisation of soils with stony inclusions using geoelectrical measurements
|
characterisation of soils with stony inclusions using geoelectrical measurements
|
characterisation coarse heterogeneous soils impossible geotechnical situ decimetres. geophysical electrical obtaining characteristics. deals electrical tomography heterogeneous diphasic consisting resistive inclusions embedded conductive matrix. adopted articulates measurements. electrical inclusions electrode spacing inclusions homogeneous resistivity obtained. resistivity inclusions laws. built electrical phase. satisfying inclusions obtained. methodology composed alluvial deposits limestone rocks embedded clayey matrix. rock electrical accordance grain
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52760563"
] |
47359154
|
10.1007/978-3-662-45708-5_15
|
Part 6: IS DesignInternational audienceThis paper reports an exploratory study of information systems (IS) design professionals that offers insight into the evolution of the systems concept in systems design practice. The analysis distinguishes the current object of this design effort as systems of information (SI). SI differs from IS in that SI seeks to maintain the necessary degree of integrated systematicity while retaining or acquiring the necessary technology. IS, in the past, had an implied capacity to build a complete system from the ground up. SI has an implied constraint that certain technological components must be “taken as given” and the design problem becomes one of maintaining an ideal socio-technical system as the various technologies evolve within and around the system
|
Designing Artifacts for Systems of Information
|
designing artifacts for systems of information
|
designinternational audiencethis exploratory professionals offers insight practice. distinguishes effort differs seeks maintain systematicity retaining acquiring technology. implied build implied technological “taken given” maintaining ideal socio technologies evolve
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47316639"
] |
47734431
|
10.1016/j.shpsa.2007.03.008
|
published version: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0039368107000179International audienceIn this paper I endeavour to bridge the gap between the history of material culture and the history of ideas. I do this by focussing on the intersection between metaphysics and technology - what I call 'applied metaphysics' - in the oeuvre of the Jesuit scholar Athanasius Kircher. By scrutinising the interplay between texts, objects and images in Kircher's work, it becomes possible to describe the multiplicity of meanings related to his artefacts. I unearth as yet overlooked metaphysical and religious meanings of the camera obscura, for instance, as well as of various other optical and magnetic devices. Today, instruments and artefacts are almost exclusively seen in the light of a narrow economic and technical concept. Historically, the 'use' of artefacts is much more diverse, however, and I argue that it is time to historicize the concept of 'utility'
|
Athanasius Kircher's Magical Instruments
:
An Essay on Science, Religion and Applied Metaphysics (1602-1680)
|
athanasius kircher's magical instruments : an essay on science, religion and applied metaphysics (1602-1680)
|
audiencein endeavour bridge ideas. focussing intersection metaphysics call metaphysics oeuvre jesuit scholar athanasius kircher. scrutinising interplay texts kircher multiplicity meanings artefacts. unearth overlooked metaphysical religious meanings camera obscura devices. today instruments artefacts exclusively narrow concept. historically artefacts diverse argue historicize utility
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47105048"
] |
47801697
|
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.03.059
|
The physiological responses of the acid-sensitive amphipod Gammarus fossarum exposed in situ to acid stress (pH 4.5 and 5.5) and then transferred back to neutral water were investigated. Survival rate and haemolymph [Cl-] and [Na+] were assessed after 24, 48 and 72h of exposure in acidic streams and after a recovery period of 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60h. After 24h, exposure to slightly acidic (pH 5.5) and strongly acidic water (pH 4.5) led to a severe and significant depletion in haemolymph [Na+] and [Cl] compared to organisms exposed in circumneutral water (pH 7.3). However, after only a 12h- period of transfer back in neutral water and whatever the previous exposure time (24, 48 and 72h) in both slightly and strongly acidic water, haemolymph [Na+] and [Cl] were equal or superior to the control level without associated mortality. In spite of this fast physiological recovery capacity, populations of G. fossarum living in streams undergoing episodic acid stresses were drastically affected thus, demonstrating the high acid-sensitivity of this species. We discuss the possible reasons of population regression and the absence of population recovery
|
Physiological recovery from episodic acid stress does not mean population recovery of Gammarus fossarum
|
physiological recovery from episodic acid stress does not mean population recovery of gammarus fossarum
|
physiological amphipod gammarus fossarum exposed situ transferred neutral investigated. haemolymph acidic streams recovery acidic acidic depletion haemolymph organisms exposed circumneutral neutral whatever acidic haemolymph superior mortality. spite physiological recovery fossarum living streams undergoing episodic stresses drastically demonstrating species. reasons recovery
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47837968"
] |
47807360
|
10.1007/978-3-642-02865-6_13
|
We present an overview of research on a certain model of influence in a social network. Each agent has to make an acceptance/rejection decision, and he has an inclination to choose either the yes-action or the no-action. The agents are embedded in a social network which models influence between them. Due to the influence, a decision of an agent may differ from his preliminary inclination. Such a transformation between the agents' inclinations and their decisions are represented by an influence function. Follower functions encode the players who constantly follow the opinion of a given unanimous coalition. We examine properties of the influence and follower functions and study the relation between them. The model of influence is also compared to the framework of command games in which a simple game is built for each agent. We study the relation between command games and influence functions. We also define influence indices and determine the relations between these indices and some well-known power indices. Furthermore, we enlarge the set of possible yes/no actions to multi-choice games and investigate the analogous tools related to influence in the multi-choice model
|
Different Approaches to Influence Based on Social Networks and Simple Games
|
different approaches to influence based on social networks and simple games
|
overview network. agent acceptance rejection inclination action. embedded them. agent preliminary inclination. inclinations decisions function. follower encode players constantly opinion unanimous coalition. examine follower them. command games game built agent. command games functions. indices indices indices. enlarge games analogous
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47771099",
"52827142"
] |
48149513
|
10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2016.08.011
|
International audienceThe Wsingle bondAu, Pbsingle bondZnsingle bondAg, and Sbsingle bondBa mineralizations of the polymetallic Tighza-Jbel Aouam district (central Meseta, Morocco), are hosted in Paleozoic rocks surrounding late-Carboniferous granitic stocks. The Pbsingle bondZnsingle bondAg Tighza deposit formed at 254 ± 16 Ma, and is clearly disconnected from the late-Variscan Wsingle bondAu deposit (295-280 Ma). The Pbsingle bondZnsingle bondAg mineralization precipitated from a complex hydrothermal fluid. It displays air-normalized 3He/4He ratio (0.018–0.103) typical of the upper crust. This crustal component is confirmed by the oxygen and carbon isotope compositions (δ18O = +19 to +25‰; δ13C = −3.6 to −11.2‰) and the ɛNd values (−4.84 to −9.01) of gangue carbonates, which show mixing of (i) fluids that have interacted with late-Carboniferous magmatic rocks, and (ii) fluids in equilibrium with the Paleozoic metasediments. In addition, the Pbsingle bondZnsingle bondAg mineralization has 40Ar/36Ar values in the range 284–315 typical of a meteoric fluid. The radiogenic Pb isotopic compositions (207Pb/204Pb = 15.70–15.80 and 206Pb/204Pb = 18.30–18.50) suggest leaching of Pb from the surrounding Paleozoic metasediments and late-Variscan granites, whereas the low radiogenic signatures (207Pb/204Pb = 15.40 and 206Pb/204Pb = 18.05) provide evidence of a deeper source attributed to the lower crust.Crustal thinning related to extensional tectonics in late-Permian and Early-Triassic lead to high-K calc-alkaline to alkaline magmatic activity, which is evidenced by a dense SW-NE-trending dike network that pre-dated the Atlantic Ocean opening (early Liassic times). This magmatic event induced a regional heat flux increase that triggered the circulation of a complex hydrothermal fluid, which has a strong crustal component, but also a meteoric and a lower crustal components. The polymetallic district of Tighza-Jbel Aouam thus results from superposition of an intrusion related porphyry-gold mineralization (Wsingle bondAu, 286 Ma) followed by a Pbsingle bondZnsingle bondAg epithermal mineralization (254 Ma), during two distinct magmatic-hydrothermal events.The proposed metallogenic model for the Pbsingle bondZnsingle bondAg Tighza-Jbel Aouam deposit provides new constraints for the Pbsingle bondZnsingle bondAg exploration in the Moroccan Meseta. Exploration targets must take into account the following geological features: (i) Permo-triassic high-K calk-alkaline to alkaline dikes, (ii) extensional tectonics and reactivation of ancient crust-scale faults and shear zones, and (iii) Paleozoic series containing organic matter (e.g., black shales) subjected to low grade metamorphism (e.g., greenschist facies)
|
Isotopic and geochemical constraints on lead and fluid sources of the Pb-Zn-Ag mineralization in the polymetallic Tighza-Jbel Aouam district (central Morocco), and relationships with the geodynamic context
|
isotopic and geochemical constraints on lead and fluid sources of the pb-zn-ag mineralization in the polymetallic tighza-jbel aouam district (central morocco), and relationships with the geodynamic context
|
audiencethe wsingle bondau pbsingle bondznsingle bondag sbsingle bondba mineralizations polymetallic tighza jbel aouam district meseta morocco hosted paleozoic rocks surrounding carboniferous granitic stocks. pbsingle bondznsingle bondag tighza deposit disconnected variscan wsingle bondau deposit pbsingle bondznsingle bondag mineralization precipitated hydrothermal fluid. displays crust. crustal confirmed isotope compositions gangue carbonates fluids interacted carboniferous magmatic rocks fluids paleozoic metasediments. pbsingle bondznsingle bondag mineralization meteoric fluid. radiogenic isotopic compositions leaching surrounding paleozoic metasediments variscan granites radiogenic signatures deeper attributed crust.crustal thinning extensional tectonics permian triassic calc alkaline alkaline magmatic evidenced dense trending dike dated atlantic ocean opening liassic magmatic triggered circulation hydrothermal crustal meteoric crustal components. polymetallic district tighza jbel aouam superposition intrusion porphyry gold mineralization wsingle bondau pbsingle bondznsingle bondag epithermal mineralization magmatic hydrothermal events.the metallogenic pbsingle bondznsingle bondag tighza jbel aouam deposit pbsingle bondznsingle bondag exploration moroccan meseta. exploration targets geological permo triassic calk alkaline alkaline dikes extensional tectonics reactivation ancient crust faults zones paleozoic e.g. shales subjected grade metamorphism e.g. greenschist facies
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47268997",
"51931140",
"52709119"
] |
48158938
|
10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.10.090
|
International audienceThe influence of a reactive atmosphere on the formation of nanoparticles (NPs) in the plasma plume generated by nanosecond pulsed laser irradiation of metal targets (Ti, Al, Ag) was probed in-situ using Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS). Air and different O2-N2 gas mixtures were used as reactive gas within atmospheric pressure. SAXS results showed the formation of NPs in the plasma-plume with a mean radius varying in the 2-5 nm range. A decrease of the NPs size with increasing the O2 percentage in the O2-N2 gas mixture was also showed. Ex-situ observations by transmission electron microscopy and structural characterizations by x-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy were also performed for powders collected in experiments done using air as ambient gas. The stability of the different metal oxides is discussed as being a key parameter influencing the formation of NPs in the plasma-plume (E-MRS 2015 Spring Meeting Symposium CC: “Laser and plasma processing for advanced applications in material science”, 11-15 May 2015, Lille (France
|
Influence of the reactive atmosphere on the formation of nanoparticles in the plasma plume induced by nanosecond pulsed laser irradiation of metallic targets at atmospheric pressure and high repetition rate
|
influence of the reactive atmosphere on the formation of nanoparticles in the plasma plume induced by nanosecond pulsed laser irradiation of metallic targets at atmospheric pressure and high repetition rate
|
audiencethe reactive atmosphere nanoparticles plume nanosecond pulsed irradiation targets probed situ saxs mixtures reactive pressure. saxs plume range. mixture showed. situ microscopy characterizations diffraction raman spectroscopy powders ambient gas. oxides influencing plume spring meeting symposium “laser advanced science” lille
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52673925",
"54824936"
] |
48167550
|
10.1016/j.ssci.2013.08.009
|
International audienceSkateboarding is considered to be a high risk activity. Although many studies have identified risk factors associated with skateboarding injuries, few have provided detailed in-depth knowledge on participants' psychological dispositions towards risk behaviors. The aim of this study was to identify individual factors associated with risk perception and risk-taking among skateboarders. Telephone interviews were conducted with 158 skateboarders (mean age = 18.1 years) recruited in 11 Montreal skateparks. Age, self-efficacy, previous injuries, fear of being injured, sensation seeking and experience level were all included in two linear regression models that were run for risk perception and risk-taking. Age, experience level, sensation seeking, and risk perception are significant explanatory variables of risk-taking. Results show that sensation seeking was the only significant factor associated with risk perception. These results allow for a better understanding of the behavior of skateboarders, they highlight the importance of impulsive sensation seeking in risk perception as well as risk-taking. This study characterizes skateboarders who take risks and provides additional information on interventions for injury prevention
|
Risk perception and risk-taking among skateboarders
|
risk perception and risk-taking among skateboarders
|
audienceskateboarding activity. skateboarding injuries psychological dispositions behaviors. perception skateboarders. telephone interviews skateboarders recruited montreal skateparks. efficacy injuries fear injured sensation seeking perception taking. sensation seeking perception explanatory taking. sensation seeking perception. skateboarders highlight impulsive sensation seeking perception taking. characterizes skateboarders risks interventions injury prevention
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52300275",
"52639236",
"52812050"
] |
48242510
|
10.1007/s11265-009-0445-1
|
WOSInternational audienceDataflow descriptions have been used in a wide range of Digital Signal Processing (DSP) applications, such as multi-media processing, and wireless communications. Among various forms of dataflow modeling, Synchronous Dataflow (SDF) is geared towards static scheduling of computational modules, which improves system performance and predictability. However, many DSP applications do not fully conform to the restrictions of SDF modeling. More general dataflow models, such as CAL (Eker and Janneck 2003), have been developed to describe dynamically-structured DSP applications. Such generalized models can express dynamically changing functionality, but lose the powerful static scheduling capabilities provided by SDF. This paper focuses on the detection of SDF-like regions in dynamic dataflow descriptions--in particular, in the generalized specification framework of CAL. This is an important step for applying static scheduling techniques within a dynamic dataflow framework. Our techniques combine the advantages of different dataflow languages and tools, including CAL (Eker and Janneck 2003), DIF (Hsu et al. 2005) and CAL2C (Roquier et al. 2008). In addition to detecting SDF-like regions, we apply existing SDF scheduling techniques to exploit the static properties of these regions within enclosing dynamic dataflow models. Furthermore, we propose an optimized approach for mapping SDF-like regions onto parallel processing platforms such as multi-core processors
|
Exploiting Statically Schedulable Regions in Dataflow Programs
|
exploiting statically schedulable regions in dataflow programs
|
wosinternational audiencedataflow descriptions digital wireless communications. dataflow synchronous dataflow geared scheduling modules improves predictability. conform restrictions modeling. dataflow eker janneck dynamically structured applications. express dynamically changing functionality lose powerful scheduling capabilities sdf. focuses dataflow descriptions specification cal. scheduling dataflow framework. combine advantages dataflow languages eker janneck roquier detecting scheduling exploit enclosing dataflow models. propose optimized platforms processors
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52803039"
] |
48322077
|
10.1002/wcc.245
|
International audienceIn a world with uneven climate policies, the carbon price differentials across regions could shift the production of energy-intensive goods from carbon-constrained countries to " carbon havens " , or countries with laxer climate policy. This would reduce the environmental benefits of the policy (carbon leakage) while potentially damaging the economy (competitiveness concerns). A review on these questions is provided in this article. First we discuss the main terms involved such as carbon leakage, competitiveness, sectors at risk or climate spillovers. Then we analyse the studies evaluating the carbon leakage risk. Most ex ante modelling studies conclude to leakage rates in the range of 5-20% (if no option to mitigate leakage is implemented) whereas ex post econometric studies haven't revealed statistically significant evidence of leakage. Different policy options to face these issues are then examined with an emphasis on Border Carbon Adjustments (BCA). BCA consist in reducing the carbon price differentials of goods traded between countries. Properly implemented, they can reduce leakage (by around 10 percentage points in ex ante modelling studies) in a cost-effective way but are controversial because they shift a part of the abatement costs from abating countries to non-abating countries. Their impact on international negotiations is unclear: they could encourage third countries to join the abating coalition or trigger a trade war. Besides, their consistency with WTO rules is highly contentious among legal experts
|
Climate policy and the ‘carbon haven’ effect
|
climate policy and the ‘carbon haven’ effect
|
audiencein uneven policies differentials intensive goods constrained havens laxer policy. benefits leakage potentially damaging economy competitiveness concerns article. leakage competitiveness sectors spillovers. analyse evaluating leakage risk. ante leakage option mitigate leakage implemented econometric statistically leakage. options emphasis border adjustments consist reducing differentials goods traded countries. properly implemented leakage ante controversial abatement abating abating countries. negotiations unclear encourage join abating coalition trigger trade war. besides consistency contentious legal experts
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52626482"
] |
48348091
|
10.1007/978-3-642-21458-5_33
|
International audienceOne of the emerging topics in the analysis of biological networks is the inference of motifs inside a network. In the context of metabolic network analysis, a recent approach introduced in [14], represents the network as a vertex-colored graph, while a motif M is represented as a multiset of colors. An occurrence of a motif M in a vertexcolored graph G is a connected induced subgraph of G whose vertex set is colored exactly asM.We investigate three di erent variants of the initial problem. The first two variants, Min-Add and Min-Substitute, deal with approximate occurrences of a motif in the graph, while the third variant, Constrained Graph Motif (or CGM for short), constrains the motif to contain a given set of vertices. We investigate the classical and parameterized complexity of the three problems. We show that Min- Add and Min-Substitute are NP-hard, even when M is a set, and the graph is a tree of degree bounded by 4 in which each color appears at most twice. Moreover, we show that Min-Substitute is in FPT when parameterized by the size of M. Finally, we consider the parameterized complexity of the CGM problem, and we give a xed-parameter algorithm for graphs of bounded treewidth, while we show that the problem is W[2]-hard, even if the input graph has diameter 2
|
Finding Approximate and Constrained Motifs in Graphs
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finding approximate and constrained motifs in graphs
|
audienceone emerging topics inference motifs network. metabolic colored motif multiset colors. occurrence motif vertexcolored subgraph colored asm.we erent variants problem. variants substitute deal approximate occurrences motif variant constrained motif constrains motif vertices. parameterized problems. substitute twice. substitute parameterized parameterized treewidth
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exact_dup
|
[
"53011182"
] |
49295629
|
10.1016/S0169-023X(02)00057-5
|
International audienceWe introduce the notion of iceberg concept lattices and show their use in knowledge discovery in databases. Iceberg lattices are a conceptual clustering method, which is well suited for analyzing very large databases. They also serve as a condensed representation of frequent itemsets, as starting point for computing bases of association rules, and as a visualization method for association rules. Iceberg concept lattices are based on the theory of Formal Concept Analysis, a mathematical theory with applications in data analysis, information retrieval, and knowledge discovery. We present a new algorithm called TITANIC for computing (iceberg) concept lattices. It is based on data mining techniques with a level-wise approach. In fact, TITANIC can be used for a more general problem: Computing arbitrary closure systems when the closure operator comes along with a so-called weight function. The use of weight functions for computing closure systems has not been discussed in the literature up to now. Applications providing such a weight function include association rule mining, functional dependencies in databases, conceptual clustering, and ontology engineering. The algorithm is experimentally evaluated and compared with Ganter's Next-Closure algorithm. The evaluation shows an important gain in efficiency, especially for weakly correlated data
|
Computing iceberg concept lattices with Titanic
|
computing iceberg concept lattices with titanic
|
audiencewe notion iceberg lattices discovery databases. iceberg lattices conceptual clustering suited analyzing databases. serve condensed frequent itemsets bases visualization rules. iceberg lattices formal mathematical retrieval discovery. titanic iceberg lattices. mining wise approach. titanic closure closure comes function. closure now. mining dependencies databases conceptual clustering ontology engineering. experimentally ganter closure algorithm. efficiency weakly
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52451673",
"52785703"
] |
50617688
|
10.1007/978-3-540-68265-3_15
|
International audienceContext-aware applications adapt their behavior depending on changes in their environment context. Programming such applications in a modular way requires to modularize the global context into more specific contexts and attach specific behavior to these contexts. This is reminiscent of aspects and has led to the notion of context-aware aspects. This paper revisits this notion of context-aware aspects in the light of previous work on concurrent event-based aspect-oriented programming (CEAOP). It shows how CEAOP can be extended in a seamless way in order to define a model for the coordination of concurrent adaptation rules with explicit contexts. This makes it possible to reason about the compositions of such rules. The model is concretized into a prototypical modeling language
|
An Event-Based Coordination Model for Context-Aware Applications
|
an event-based coordination model for context-aware applications
|
audiencecontext aware adapt context. programming modular modularize specific contexts attach specific contexts. reminiscent notion aware aspects. revisits notion aware concurrent aspect oriented programming ceaop ceaop seamless define coordination concurrent adaptation contexts. compositions rules. concretized prototypical
|
exact_dup
|
[
"53016801"
] |
51231839
|
10.1007/s11192-011-0532-5
|
CERNA WORKING PAPER SERIES 2010-07International audienceThis article compares the relationship between patent quality and patent value in discrete and cumulative innovation. Using factor analysis and a set of various commonly used patent quality indicators including claims, citations and family size, we build a quality factor jointly driving all indicators for 9255 patents. We then test the significance of this quality factor for predicting patent renewal after 4, 8 and 12 years in an ordered logistic regression. Whereas we establish a robust and significant link between patent quality and value in samples of discrete and complex technology patents, there is no significant link for patents that are essential to technological standards. Consistently, neither the quality factor nor any single indicator allows predicting litigation on an essential patent. We conclude that while there is a robust link between patent quality and value in discrete innovation, this link is much weaker in cumulative innovation. Nevertheless, this affects only narrow, yet highly relevant, technological fields. There is no evidence that cumulativeness affects the relationship between quality and value in whole technological classes classified as “complex” by the literature
|
Patent quality and value in discrete and cumulative innovation
|
patent quality and value in discrete and cumulative innovation
|
cerna audiencethis compares patent patent cumulative innovation. commonly patent indicators claims citations build jointly driving indicators patents. predicting patent renewal ordered logistic regression. establish robust patent patents patents technological standards. consistently neither indicator predicting litigation patent. robust patent innovation weaker cumulative innovation. nevertheless affects narrow technological fields. cumulativeness affects technological classified “complex”
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47759571",
"47795828"
] |
51441739
|
10.1007/s10849-014-9200-5
|
International audienceQuotation has been much studied in philosophy. Given that quotation allows one to diagonalize out of any grammar, there have been comparatively few attempts within the linguistic literature to develop an account within a formal linguistic theory. Nonetheless, given the ubiquity of quotation in natural language, linguists need to explicate the formal mechanisms it employs. The central claim of this paper is that once one assumes a dialogical perspective on language such as provided by the KoS 1 framework, formalized in a rich type theory like Type Theory with Records (TTR), much of the mystery evaporates. In particular, one can utilize as denotations for quotative constructions entities that are independently motivated for dialogue processing—utterance types and locutionary propositions, austinian propositions about speech events
|
Quotation via Dialogical Interaction
|
quotation via dialogical interaction
|
audiencequotation philosophy. quotation diagonalize grammar comparatively attempts linguistic formal linguistic theory. nonetheless ubiquity quotation linguists explicate formal employs. claim assumes dialogical perspective formalized records mystery evaporates. utilize denotations quotative constructions entities independently motivated dialogue processing—utterance locutionary propositions austinian propositions speech
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47090458",
"52193061"
] |
51945670
|
10.1016/j.enpol.2014.11.002
|
International audienceThis article considers the usefulness of low-carbon scenarios in public decision-making. They may be useful as a product-oriented trajectory. The scenarios on the agenda of the 2013 Energy Debate in France belong to this category. But a scenario may also be process-oriented, in the sense that its scripting process helps build consensus and a minimum level of agreement. We have scripted scenarios using a codevelopment method, involving about 40 stakeholders from the private and public sectors, and from the state: NGOs, consumer groups, trade unions, banks and local authorities. They selected policies they considered acceptable for achieving 75% greenhouse gases emission reductions in 2050. These policies were then integrated in the Imaclim-R-France technico-economic simulation model, as part of a high or moderate acceptability scenario. In the first case emissions were cut by between 58% and 72% by 2050; in the second case by between 68% and 81%, depending on the energy price assumptions. All these measures benefited jobs and economic growth, swiftly and durably cutting household spending on energy services. This offers a solid basis for gaining acceptability for low carbon trajectories; the process constitutes also a framework for consolidating collective learning centering on the acceptability of climate policies
|
Rethinking the role of scenarios: Participatory scripting of low-carbon scenarios for France
|
rethinking the role of scenarios: participatory scripting of low-carbon scenarios for france
|
audiencethis considers usefulness scenarios making. oriented trajectory. scenarios agenda debate belong category. oriented scripting helps build consensus agreement. scripted scenarios codevelopment involving stakeholders private sectors ngos consumer trade unions banks authorities. policies acceptable achieving greenhouse gases reductions policies imaclim technico moderate acceptability scenario. assumptions. benefited jobs swiftly durably cutting household spending services. offers gaining acceptability trajectories constitutes consolidating collective centering acceptability policies
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48323476",
"52626826"
] |
51954440
|
10.1016/j.actamat.2014.02.036
|
International audienceThe determination of the contact area is a key step to derive mechanical properties such as hardness or an elastic modulus by instrumented indentation testing. Two families of procedures are dedicated to extracting this area: on the one hand, post mortem measurements that require residual imprint imaging, and on the other hand, direct methods that only rely on the load vs. the penetration depth curve. With the development of built-in scanning probe microscopy imaging capabilities such as atomic force microscopy and indentation tip scanning probe microscopy, last generation indentation devices have made systematic residual imprint imaging much faster and more reliable. In this paper, a new post mortem method is introduced and further compared to three existing classical direct methods by means of a numerical and experimental benchmark covering a large range of materials. It is shown that the new method systematically leads to lower error levels regardless of the type of material. Pros and cons of the new method vs. direct methods are also discussed, demonstrating its efficiency in easily extracting mechanical properties with an enhanced confidence
|
A method for measuring the contact area in instrumented indentation testing by tip scanning probe microscopy imaging
|
a method for measuring the contact area in instrumented indentation testing by tip scanning probe microscopy imaging
|
audiencethe derive hardness elastic modulus instrumented indentation testing. families dedicated extracting mortem residual imprint rely penetration curve. built scanning microscopy capabilities microscopy indentation scanning microscopy indentation devices residual imprint faster reliable. mortem benchmark covering materials. systematically regardless material. pros cons demonstrating extracting confidence
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47279135",
"48190896",
"52843937"
] |
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