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51963469
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10.1007/s10955-013-0766-0
|
Minor modifications.International audienceA bosonic analogue of the fractional quantum Hall eff ect occurs in rapidly rotating trapped Bose gases: There is a transition from uncorrelated Hartree states to strongly correlated states such as the Laughlin wave function. This physics may be described by eff ective Hamiltonians with delta interactions acting on a bosonic N-body Bargmann space of analytic functions. In a previous paper [N. Rougerie, S. Serfaty, J. Yngvason, Phys. Rev. A 87, 023618 (2013)] we studied the case of a quadratic plus quartic trapping potential and derived conditions on the parameters of the model for its ground state to be asymptotically strongly correlated. This relied essentially on energy upper bounds using quantum Hall trial states, incorporating the correlations of the Bose-Laughlin state in addition to a multiply quantized vortex pinned at the origin. In this paper we investigate in more details the density of these trial states, thereby substantiating further the physical picture described in [N. Rougerie, S. Serfaty, J. Yngvason, Phys. Rev. A 87, 023618 (2013)], improving our energy estimates and allowing to consider more general trapping potentials. Our analysis is based on the interpretation of the densities of quantum Hall trial states as Gibbs measures of classical 2D Coulomb gases (plasma analogy). New estimates on the mean- field limit of such systems are presented
|
Quantum Hall phases and plasma analogy in rotating trapped Bose gases
|
quantum hall phases and plasma analogy in rotating trapped bose gases
|
minor modifications.international audiencea bosonic analogue fractional hall rapidly rotating trapped bose gases uncorrelated hartree laughlin function. ective hamiltonians delta acting bosonic bargmann analytic functions. rougerie serfaty yngvason phys. rev. quadratic quartic trapping asymptotically correlated. relied essentially bounds hall incorporating bose laughlin multiply quantized vortex pinned origin. thereby substantiating picture rougerie serfaty yngvason phys. rev. improving allowing trapping potentials. densities hall gibbs coulomb gases analogy
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exact_dup
|
[
"47096447"
] |
52169956
|
10.1017/jfm.2014.361
|
The stability of a mixing layer made up of two miscible fluids, with a viscosity-stratified layer between them, is studied. The two fluids are of the same density. It is shown that unlike other viscosity-stratified shear flows, where species diffusivity is a dominant factor determining stability, species diffusivity variations over orders of magnitude do not change the answer to any noticeable degree in this case. Viscosity stratification, however, does matter, and can stabilize or destabilize the flow, depending on whether the layer of varying velocity is located within the less or more viscous fluid. By making an inviscid model flow with a slope change across the 'viscosity' interface, we show that viscous and inviscid results are in qualitative agreement. The absolute instability of the flow can also be significantly altered by viscosity stratification
|
Instability of a free-shear layer in the vicinity of a viscosity-stratified layer
|
instability of a free-shear layer in the vicinity of a viscosity-stratified layer
|
miscible fluids viscosity stratified studied. fluids density. unlike viscosity stratified flows diffusivity determining diffusivity orders answer noticeable case. viscosity stratification stabilize destabilize viscous fluid. inviscid viscosity viscous inviscid qualitative agreement. instability altered viscosity stratification
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exact_dup
|
[
"38678721"
] |
52190749
|
10.1016/j.orcp.2016.09.002
|
International audienceThe aim of this study was to conduct a comprehensive quantitative synthesis of the effects of mindfulness training interventions on weight-loss and health behaviors in adults with overweight and obesity using meta-analytic techniques. Studies included in the analysis (n = 12) were randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of any form of mindfulness training on weight loss, impulsive eating, binge eating, or physical activity participation in adults with overweight and obesity. Random effects meta-analysis revealed that mindfulness training had no significant effect on weight loss, but an overall negative effect on impulsive eating (d = –1.13) and binge eating (d = –.90), and a positive effect on physical activity levels (d = .42). Meta-regression analysis showed that methodological features of included studies accounted for 100% of statistical heterogeneity of the effects of mindfulness training on weight loss (R2 = 1,00). Among methodological features, the only significant predictor of weight loss was follow-up distance from post-intervention ( = 1.18; p < .05), suggesting that the longer follow-up distances were associated with greater weight loss. Results suggest that mindfulness training has short-term benefits on health-related behaviors. Future studies should explore the effectiveness of mindfulness training on long-term post-intervention weight loss in adults with overweight and obesity
|
The effects of mindfulness training on weight-loss and health-related behaviours in adults with overweight and obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis
|
the effects of mindfulness training on weight-loss and health-related behaviours in adults with overweight and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis
|
audiencethe conduct comprehensive mindfulness interventions behaviors adults overweight obesity meta analytic techniques. randomized investigating mindfulness impulsive eating binge eating participation adults overweight obesity. meta mindfulness impulsive eating binge eating meta methodological accounted heterogeneity mindfulness methodological predictor distances loss. mindfulness benefits behaviors. explore effectiveness mindfulness adults overweight obesity
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47297028",
"47335289"
] |
52301351
|
10.1007/s11263-015-0817-x
|
International audienceImage deblurring is essential in high resolution imaging, e.g., astronomy, microscopy or computational photography. Shift-invariant blur is fully characterized by a single point-spread-function (PSF). Blurring is then modeled by a convolution, leading to efficient algorithms for blur simulation and removal that rely on fast Fourier transforms. However, in many different contexts, blur cannot be considered constant throughout the field-of-view, and thus necessitates to model variations of the PSF with the location. These models must achieve a trade-off between the accuracy that can be reached with their flexibility, and their computational efficiency. Several fast approximations of blur have been proposed in the literature. We give a unified presentation of these methods in the light of matrix decompositions of the blurring operator. We establish the connection between different computational tricks that can be found in the litterature and the physical sense of corresponding approximations in terms of equivalent PSFs, physically-based approximations being preferable. We derive an improved approximation that preserves the same desirable low complexity as other fast algorithms while reaching a minimal approximation error. Comparison of theoretical properties and empirical performances of each blur approximation suggests that the proposed general model is preferable for approximation and inversion of a known shift-variant blur
|
Fast Approximations of Shift-Variant Blur
|
fast approximations of shift-variant blur
|
audienceimage deblurring e.g. astronomy microscopy photography. blur spread blurring modeled convolution blur removal rely fourier transforms. contexts blur necessitates location. trade reached flexibility efficiency. approximations blur literature. unified presentation decompositions blurring operator. establish connection tricks litterature approximations psfs physically approximations preferable. derive preserves desirable reaching error. performances blur preferable inversion variant blur
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52640347",
"52717177"
] |
52315528
|
10.1016/j.taap.2011.12.017
|
International audienceWe have analyzed transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic profiles of hepatoma cells cultivated inside a microfluidic biochip with or without acetaminophen (APAP). Without APAP, the results show an adaptive cellular response to the microfluidic environment, leading to the induction of anti-oxidative stress and cytoprotective pathways. In presence of APAP, calcium homeostasis perturbation, lipid peroxidation and cell death are observed. These effects can be attributed to APAP metabolism into its highly reactive metabolite. N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI). That toxicity pathway was confirmed by the detection of GSH-APAP, the large production of 2-hydroxybutyrate and 3-hydroxybutyrate, and methionine, cystine, and histidine consumption in the treated biochips. Those metabolites have been reported as specific biomarkers of hepatotoxicity and glutathione depletion in the literature. In addition, the integration of the metabolomic, transcriptomic and proteomic collected profiles allowed a more complete reconstruction of the APAP injury pathways. To our knowledge, this work is the first example of a global integration of microfluidic biochip data in toxicity assessment. Our results demonstrate the potential of that new approach to predictive toxicology
|
Predictive toxicology using systemic biology and liver microfluidic "on chip" approaches: Application to acetaminophen injury
|
predictive toxicology using systemic biology and liver microfluidic "on chip" approaches: application to acetaminophen injury
|
audiencewe transcriptomic proteomic metabolomic hepatoma cultivated microfluidic biochip acetaminophen apap apap adaptive microfluidic oxidative cytoprotective pathways. apap calcium homeostasis perturbation peroxidation observed. attributed apap metabolism reactive metabolite. acetyl benzoquinone imine napqi toxicity confirmed apap hydroxybutyrate hydroxybutyrate methionine cystine histidine biochips. metabolites biomarkers hepatotoxicity glutathione depletion literature. metabolomic transcriptomic proteomic reconstruction apap injury pathways. microfluidic biochip toxicity assessment. predictive toxicology
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48221912",
"52669135"
] |
52460351
|
10.1074/jbc.M412521200
|
International audienceMaurocalcine (MCa) is a 33-amino-acid residue peptide toxin isolated from the scorpion Scorpio maurus palmatus. External application of MCa to cultured myotubes is known to produce Ca2+ release from intracellular stores. MCa binds directly to the skeletal muscle isoform of the ryanodine receptor, an intracellular channel target of the endoplasmic reticulum, and induces long lasting channel openings in a mode of smaller conductance. Here we investigated the way MCa proceeds to cross biological membranes to reach its target. A biotinylated derivative of MCa was produced (MCa(b)) and complexed with a fluorescent indicator (streptavidine-cyanine 3) to follow the cell penetration of the toxin. The toxin complex efficiently penetrated into various cell types without requiring metabolic energy (low temperature) or implicating an endocytosis mechanism. MCa appeared to share the same features as the so-called cell-penetrating peptides. Our results provide evidence that MCa has the ability to act as a molecular carrier and to cross cell membranes in a rapid manner (1-2 min), making this toxin the first demonstrated example of a scorpion toxin that translocates into cells
|
:
Maurocalcine transduction into cells
|
: maurocalcine transduction into cells
|
audiencemaurocalcine residue toxin scorpion scorpio maurus palmatus. cultured myotubes intracellular stores. binds skeletal isoform ryanodine intracellular endoplasmic reticulum induces lasting openings conductance. proceeds membranes target. biotinylated complexed fluorescent indicator streptavidine cyanine penetration toxin. toxin efficiently penetrated requiring metabolic implicating endocytosis mechanism. appeared share penetrating peptides. carrier membranes manner toxin scorpion toxin translocates
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52697421"
] |
52629024
|
10.1080/14693062.2012.735916
|
International audienceThere is still a controversy as to the effect of spatial organization on CO2 emissions. This paper contributes to this debate by investigating the potentials offered by infrastructure measures favoring lower mobility in the transition to a low-carbon economy. This is done by embarking a detailed description of passenger and freight transportation in an energy-economy-environment (E3) model. In addition to the standard representation of transport technologies, this framework considers explicitly the "behavioural" determinants of mobility that drive the demand for transport but are often disregarded in mitigation assessments: constrained mobility needs (essentially commuting) imposed by the spatial organization of residence and production, modal choices triggered by installed infrastructure and the freight transport intensity of production processes. This study demonstrates that the implementation of measures fostering a modal shift towards low-carbon modes and a decoupling of mobility needs from economic activity significantly modifies the sectoral distribution of mitigation efforts and reduces the carbon tax levels necessary to reach a given climate target relatively to a "carbon price only" policy. This result is robust to a wide range of assumptions about exogenous parameters
|
The transportation sector and low-carbon growth pathways: modeling urban, infrastructure and spatial determinants of mobility
|
the transportation sector and low-carbon growth pathways: modeling urban, infrastructure and spatial determinants of mobility
|
audiencethere controversy emissions. contributes debate investigating potentials offered infrastructure favoring mobility economy. embarking passenger freight transportation economy model. technologies considers explicitly behavioural determinants mobility drive disregarded mitigation assessments constrained mobility essentially commuting imposed residence modal choices triggered installed infrastructure freight processes. demonstrates fostering modal decoupling mobility modifies sectoral mitigation efforts reduces policy. robust assumptions exogenous
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48333569"
] |
52633387
|
10.1016/j.trpro.2017.03.059
|
International audienceAn Advanced Traveler Information System (ATIS) aims at providing travelers with multi-modal trip planning, route guidance services and advisory functions. Most ATIS’s provide travel solutions that cover only specific geographic areas, travel modes and/or transport operators, and are insufficiently personalized. Moreover, the solutions are normally constructed upon a fixed set of resources (e.g. data sources and services), and thus are not highly adaptable to travelers’ diverse needs. Considering numerous existing ATIS’s and other resources on the Web, our vision is to use them complementarily to improve the adaptability, completeness, and personalization of the solutions. We envision an ATIS design, called traveler-oriented ATIS, that discovers and exploits web resources in an integrated manner to construct travel solutions tailored to travelers’ needs. In this paper, we discuss common approaches to managing resources, upon which the solutions are built, employed in various ATIS’s and their limitations that lead to our vision. Challenges of the vision are investigated, and a possible approach to address them is presented along with potential applications of Semantic Web and Multi-Agent Systems in the approach to demonstrate a promising direction to concretize the traveler-oriented ATIS design
|
Traveler-Oriented Advanced Traveler Information System Based on Discovery and Exploitation of Resources: Potentials and Challenges
|
traveler-oriented advanced traveler information system based on discovery and exploitation of resources: potentials and challenges
|
audiencean advanced traveler atis aims travelers modal trip planning route guidance advisory functions. atis’s travel cover geographic travel insufficiently personalized. normally e.g. adaptable travelers’ diverse needs. numerous atis’s vision complementarily adaptability completeness personalization solutions. envision atis traveler oriented atis discovers exploits manner travel tailored travelers’ needs. managing built atis’s limitations vision. challenges vision semantic agent promising concretize traveler oriented atis
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52615038"
] |
52661558
|
10.1051/0004-6361/201118408
|
Reproduced with permission. Copyright ESO. The original publication is available at www.aanda.org.International audienceAims: Over the past decade, discoveries of multiple and binary asteroid systems have played a significant role in our general understanding of small solar system bodies. Direct observations of satellites of asteroids are rare and difficult since they require the use of already over-subscribed facilities such as adaptive optics (AO) on large 8-10 m class telescopes and the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The scarcity of data and the long temporal baseline of observations (up to 10 years) significantly complicate the determination of the mutual orbits of these systems. Methods: We implemented a new approach for determining the mutual orbits of directly-imaged multiple asteroids using a genetic-based algorithm. This approach was applied to several known binary asteroid systems (22 Kalliope, 3749 Balam, and 50 000 Quaoar) observed with AO systems and HST. This statistical method is fast enough to permit the search for an orbital solution across a large parameter space and without a priori information about the mutual orbit. Results: From 10 years of observation, we derived an orbital solution for Linus, companion of (22) Kalliope, with an accuracy close to the astrometric limit provided by the AO observations, assuming a purely Keplerian orbit. A search for non-Keplerian orbit confirmed that a J2 ~ 0 is the best-fitting solution. We show that the precession of the nodes could be detected without ambiguity, implying that Kalliope's primary may have an inhomogeneous internal structure. HST astrometric observations of Weywot, companion of the trans-Neptunian object (50 000) Quaoar, were used to derive its mass and its bulk density, which appears to be higher than the density of other TNOs. Finally, we derived a bundle of orbital solutions for (3749) Balam, with equally good fits, from the limited set of astrometric positions. They provide a realistic density between 1.3 and 3.7 g/cm3 for this S-type asteroid
|
Determination of binary asteroid orbits with a genetic-based algorithm
|
determination of binary asteroid orbits with a genetic-based algorithm
|
reproduced permission. copyright eso. publication .international audienceaims decade discoveries asteroid played bodies. satellites asteroids rare subscribed facilities adaptive optics telescopes hubble telescope scarcity complicate mutual orbits systems. implemented determining mutual orbits imaged asteroids algorithm. asteroid kalliope balam quaoar hst. permit orbital priori mutual orbit. orbital linus companion kalliope astrometric purely keplerian orbit. keplerian orbit confirmed fitting solution. precession ambiguity implying kalliope inhomogeneous structure. astrometric weywot companion neptunian quaoar derive tnos. bundle orbital balam equally fits astrometric positions. realistic asteroid
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52729260"
] |
52661737
|
10.1016/j.nima.2010.06.263
|
With an instrumented volume of about 0.015 km3, ANTARES is currently the largest neutrino telescope operating in the Northern Hemisphere. One of its main goals is the detection of high-energy neutrinos from (extra-)galactic astrophysical sources. Such observations would provide important clues about the processes at work in those sources, and possibly help solve the puzzle of ultra-high energy cosmic rays. In this context, ANTARES is developing several on- and off-line programs to improve its capabilities of revealing possible correlations (in space and time) of neutrinos with other cosmic messengers: photons (in different ranges of wavelengths), cosmic rays and gravitational waves
|
Multi-messenger programs in ANTARES: Status and prospects
|
multi-messenger programs in antares: status and prospects
|
instrumented antares telescope operating northern hemisphere. goals neutrinos extra galactic astrophysical sources. clues possibly solve puzzle ultra cosmic rays. antares programs capabilities revealing neutrinos cosmic messengers photons ranges wavelengths cosmic rays gravitational
|
exact_dup
|
[
"46764495",
"47101791",
"52687989"
] |
52662119
|
10.1016/j.epsl.2011.11.017
|
International audienceThe ~65-myr-long Cenozoic carbon isotope record (δ13C) of Zachos et al. (2001, 2008) documents a strong long-term cycle with a mean pseudoperiodicity close to ~ 9 myr. This cyclicity modulates the ~ 2.4 myr eccentricity cycle amplitude, hinting at a possible link between long-term astronomical and geological variations. Some phase shifts between ~9-myr δ13C and astronomical cycles suggest that additional processes (e.g., tectonics) contribute to these long-term carbon-cycle variations. The strong response of δ13C to long-term eccentricity periods (~9 myr, ~2.4 myr, ~400 kyr) supports the hypothesis that the long time-residence of carbon in the oceans amplifies lower frequency or dampens higher frequency orbital variations. Additionally, the strong expression of low-amplitude ~9 myr eccentricity cycle in theδ13C record could be explained by energy-transfer process from higher to lower frequency cycles, and all eccentricity components modulate the carrier climatic precession cycles. Finally, the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM, 55.9 Ma) event, which corresponds to a pronounced δ13C negative excursion, is situated within a strong decrease in the most prominent ~9 myr δ13C cycle, hinting at a link between accelerated rates in δ13C variations and the PETM. This specific ~9 myr δ13C cycle seems to be amplified by non-orbital mechanisms in atmosphere-continent-ocean system, such as previously suggested methane release from gas hydrate and volcanism
|
A ~9 myr cycle in Cenozoicδ13C record and long-term orbital eccentricity modulation: Is there a link?
|
a ~9 myr cycle in cenozoicδ13c record and long-term orbital eccentricity modulation: is there a link?
|
audiencethe cenozoic isotope record zachos documents pseudoperiodicity myr. cyclicity modulates eccentricity hinting astronomical geological variations. shifts astronomical cycles e.g. tectonics variations. eccentricity supports residence oceans amplifies dampens orbital variations. additionally eccentricity theδ record cycles eccentricity modulate carrier climatic precession cycles. paleocene eocene petm pronounced excursion situated prominent hinting accelerated petm. amplified orbital atmosphere continent ocean methane hydrate volcanism
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52732028"
] |
52663127
|
10.1016/j.icarus.2009.05.024
|
International audienceWe have performed the first observation of the CO(3-2) spectral line in the atmosphere of Saturn with the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope. We have used a transport model of the atmosphere of Saturn to constrain the origin of the observed CO. The CO line is best-fit when the CO is located at pressures less than (15± 2) mbar with a mixing ratio of (2.5±0.6)×10-8 implying an external origin. By modelling the transport in Saturn's atmosphere, we find that a cometary impact origin with an impact 200-350 years ago is more likely than continuous deposition by interplanetary dust particles (IDP) or local sources (rings/satellites). This result would confirm that comet impacts are relatively frequent and efficient providers of CO to the atmospheres of the outer planets. However, a diffuse and/or local source cannot be rejected, because we did not account for photochemistry of oxygen compounds. Finally, we have derived an upper limit of 1×10-9 on the tropospheric CO mixing ratio
|
First observation of CO at 345 GHz in the atmosphere of Saturn with the JCMT. New constaints on its origin
|
first observation of co at 345 ghz in the atmosphere of saturn with the jcmt. new constaints on its origin
|
audiencewe atmosphere saturn james clerk maxwell telescope. atmosphere saturn constrain pressures mbar implying origin. saturn atmosphere cometary deposition interplanetary rings satellites confirm comet impacts frequent providers atmospheres outer planets. diffuse rejected photochemistry compounds. tropospheric
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47112086",
"52743346"
] |
52677570
|
10.1051/0004-6361/201321537
|
International audienceThere is currently a debate over the existence of claimed statistical anomalies in the cosmic microwave background (CMB), recently confirmed in Planck data. Recent work has focussed on methods for measuring statistical significance, on masks and on secondary anisotropies as potential causes of the anomalies. We investigate simultaneously the method for accounting for masked regions and the foreground integrated Sachs-Wolfe (ISW) signal. We search for trends in different years of WMAP CMB data with different mask treatments. We reconstruct the ISW field due to the 2 Micron All-Sky Survey (2MASS) and the NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS) up to ℓ = 5, and we focus on the Axis of Evil (AoE) statistic and even/odd mirror parity, both of which search for preferred axes in the Universe. We find that removing the ISW reduces the significance of these anomalies in WMAP data, though this does not exclude the possibility of exotic physics. In the spirit of reproducible research, all reconstructed maps and codes will be made available for download at http://www.cosmostat.org/anomaliesCMB.html
|
On preferred axes in WMAP cosmic microwave background data after subtraction of the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect
|
on preferred axes in wmap cosmic microwave background data after subtraction of the integrated sachs-wolfe effect
|
audiencethere debate claimed anomalies cosmic microwave confirmed planck data. focussed measuring masks anisotropies anomalies. simultaneously accounting masked foreground sachs wolfe signal. wmap mask treatments. reconstruct micron nrao nvss evil statistic mirror parity preferred axes universe. removing reduces anomalies wmap exclude exotic physics. spirit reproducible reconstructed codes download .html
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52716911"
] |
52679296
|
10.1074/jbc.M709730200
|
International audienceThe ActVA-ActVB system from Streptomyces coelicolor is a two-component flavin-dependent monooxygenase involved in the antibiotic actinorhodin biosynthesis. ActVB is a NADH:flavin oxidoreductase that provides a reduced FMN to ActVA, the monooxygenase that catalyzes the hydroxylation of dihydrokalafungin, the precursor of actinorhodin. In this work, using stopped-flow spectrophotometry, we investigated the mechanism of hydroxylation of dihydrokalafungin catalyzed by ActVA and that of the reduced FMN transfer from ActVB to ActVA. Our results show that the hydroxylation mechanism proceeds with the participation of two different reaction intermediates in ActVA active site. First, a C(4a)-FMN-hydroperoxide species is formed after binding of reduced FMN to the monooxygenase and reaction with O(2). This intermediate hydroxylates the substrate and is transformed to a second reaction intermediate, a C(4a)-FMN-hydroxy species. In addition, we demonstrate that reduced FMN can be transferred efficiently from the reductase to the monooxygenase without involving any protein.protein complexes. The rate of transfer of reduced FMN from ActVB to ActVA was found to be controlled by the release of NAD(+) from ActVB and was strongly affected by NAD(+) concentration, with an IC(50) of 40 microm. This control of reduced FMN transfer by NAD(+) was associated with the formation of a strong charge.transfer complex between NAD(+) and reduced FMN in the active site of ActVB. These results suggest that, in Streptomyces coelicolor, the reductase component ActVB can act as a regulatory component of the monooxygenase activity by controlling the transfer of reduced FMN to the monooxygenase
|
Mechanism and regulation of the Two-component FMN-dependent monooxygenase ActVA-ActVB from Streptomyces coelicolor.
|
mechanism and regulation of the two-component fmn-dependent monooxygenase actva-actvb from streptomyces coelicolor.
|
audiencethe actva actvb streptomyces coelicolor flavin monooxygenase antibiotic actinorhodin biosynthesis. actvb nadh flavin oxidoreductase actva monooxygenase catalyzes hydroxylation dihydrokalafungin precursor actinorhodin. stopped spectrophotometry hydroxylation dihydrokalafungin catalyzed actva actvb actva. hydroxylation proceeds participation intermediates actva site. hydroperoxide monooxygenase hydroxylates transformed hydroxy species. transferred efficiently reductase monooxygenase involving protein.protein complexes. actvb actva actvb microm. charge.transfer actvb. streptomyces coelicolor reductase actvb regulatory monooxygenase controlling monooxygenase
|
exact_dup
|
[
"51946243"
] |
52700320
|
10.1016/j.nimb.2008.03.068
|
International audienceA characteristic feature of the nuclear microprobe using a 3 MeV proton beam is the long range of particles (around 70 μm in light matrices). The PIXE method, with EDS analysis and using the multilayer approach for treating the X-ray spectrum allows the chemistry of an intra-crystalline inclusion to be measured, provided the inclusion roof and thickness at the impact point of the beam (Z and e, respectively) are known (the depth of the inclusion floor is Z + e). The parameter Z of an inclusion in a mineral can be measured with a precision of around 1 μm using a motorized microscope. However, this value may significantly depart from Z if the analyzed inclusion has a complex shape. The parameter e can hardly be measured optically. By using combined RBS and PIXE measurements, it is possible to obtain the geometrical information needed for quantitative elemental analysis. This paper will present measurements on synthetic samples to investigate the advantages of the technique, and also on natural solid and fluid inclusions in quartz. The influence of the geometrical parameters will be discussed with regard to the concentration determination by PIXE. In particular, accuracy of monazite micro-inclusion dating by coupled PIXE-RBS will be presented
|
Micro-crystalline inclusions analysis by PIXE and RBS
|
micro-crystalline inclusions analysis by pixe and rbs
|
audiencea microprobe proton pixe multilayer treating intra crystalline inclusion inclusion roof inclusion floor inclusion mineral precision motorized microscope. depart inclusion shape. hardly optically. pixe geometrical elemental analysis. synthetic advantages inclusions quartz. geometrical regard pixe. monazite micro inclusion dating pixe
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52758759"
] |
52708582
|
10.1063/1.2008999
|
International audienceThis paper provides a prescription for the turbulent viscosity in rotating shear flows for use e.g. in geophysical and astrophysical contexts. This prescription is the result of the detailed analysis of the experimental data obtained in several studies of the transition to turbulence and turbulent transport in Taylor-Couette flow. We first introduce a new set of control parameters, based on dynamical rather than geometrical considerations, so that the analysis applies more naturally to rotating shear flows in general and not only to Taylor-Couette flow. We then investigate the transition thresholds in the supercritical and the subcritical regime in order to extract their general dependencies on the control parameters. The inspection of the mean profiles provides us with some general hints on the mean to laminar shear ratio. Then the examination of the torque data allows us to propose a decomposition of the torque dependence on the control parameters in two terms, one completely given by measurements in the case where the outer cylinder is at rest, the other one being a universal function provided here from experimental fits. As a result, we obtain a general expression for the turbulent viscosity and compare it to existing prescription in the literature. Finally, throughout all the paper we discuss the influence of additional effects such as stratification or magnetic fields
|
Stability and turbulent transport in Taylor–Couette flow from analysis of experimental data
|
stability and turbulent transport in taylor–couette flow from analysis of experimental data
|
audiencethis prescription turbulent viscosity rotating flows e.g. geophysical astrophysical contexts. prescription turbulence turbulent taylor couette flow. geometrical considerations applies naturally rotating flows taylor couette flow. thresholds supercritical subcritical extract dependencies parameters. inspection hints laminar ratio. examination torque propose decomposition torque outer cylinder universal fits. turbulent viscosity prescription literature. stratification
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47081266",
"51930083",
"52659669",
"52669918"
] |
52709691
|
10.1016/j.pss.2015.05.005
|
20 pages, 3 figures, 5 tablesInternational audienceCOSIMA (COmetary Secondary Ion Mass Analyser) is a time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometer (TOF-SIMS) on board the Rosetta space mission. COSIMA has been designed to measure the composition of cometary dust grains. It has a mass resolution m/{\Delta}m of 1400 at mass 100 u, thus enabling the discrimination of inorganic mass peaks from organic ones in the mass spectra. We have evaluated the identification capabilities of the reference model of COSIMA for inorganic compounds using a suite of terrestrial minerals that are relevant for cometary science. Ground calibration demonstrated that the performances of the flight model were similar to that of the reference model. The list of minerals used in this study was chosen based on the mineralogy of meteorites, interplanetary dust particles and Stardust samples. It contains anhydrous and hydrous ferromagnesian silicates, refractory silicates and oxides (present in meteoritic Ca-Al-rich inclusions), carbonates, and Fe-Ni sulfides. From the analyses of these minerals, we have calculated relative sensitivity factors for a suite of major and minor elements in order to provide a basis for element quantification for the possible identification of major mineral classes present in the cometary grains
|
COSIMA-Rosetta calibration for in-situ characterization of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko cometary inorganic compounds
|
cosima-rosetta calibration for in-situ characterization of 67p/churyumov-gerasimenko cometary inorganic compounds
|
pages tablesinternational audiencecosima cometary analyser flight spectrometer sims board rosetta mission. cosima cometary grains. delta enabling discrimination inorganic spectra. capabilities cosima inorganic suite terrestrial minerals cometary science. calibration performances flight model. minerals mineralogy meteorites interplanetary stardust samples. anhydrous hydrous ferromagnesian silicates refractory silicates oxides meteoritic inclusions carbonates sulfides. minerals suite minor quantification mineral cometary grains
|
exact_dup
|
[
"46753835",
"47082737",
"51932287"
] |
52715431
|
10.1002/jgra.50406
|
International audience[1] Quasiperiodic (QP) emissions are electromagnetic waves at frequencies of about 0.5–4 kHz characterized by a periodic time modulation of the wave intensity, with a typical modulation period on the order of minutes. We present results of a survey of QP emissions observed by the Wide-Band Data (WBD) instruments on board the Cluster spacecraft. All WBD data measured in the appropriate frequency range during the first 10 years of operation (2001–2010) at radial distances lower than 10 R E were visually inspected for the presence of QP emissions, resulting in 21 positively identified events. These are systematically analyzed, and their frequency ranges and modulation periods are determined. Moreover, a detailed wave analysis has been done for the events that were strong enough to be seen in low-resolution Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Field Fluctuations-Spectrum Analyzer data. Wave vectors are found to be nearly field-aligned in the equatorial region, but they become oblique at larger geomagnetic latitudes. This is consistent with a hypothesis of unducted propagation. ULF magnetic field pulsations were detected at the same time as QP emissions in 4 out of the 21 events. They were polarized in the plane perpendicular to the ambient magnetic field, and their frequencies roughly corresponded to the modulation period of the QP events. Citation: Němec , F., O. Santolík, J. S. Pickett, M. Parrot, and N. Cornilleau-Wehrlin (2013), Quasiperiodic emissions observed by the Cluster spacecraft and their association with ULF magnetic pulsations
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Quasiperiodic emissions observed by the Cluster spacecraft and their association with ULF magnetic pulsations
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quasiperiodic emissions observed by the cluster spacecraft and their association with ulf magnetic pulsations
|
audience quasiperiodic electromagnetic modulation modulation minutes. instruments board spacecraft. distances visually inspected positively events. systematically ranges modulation determined. spatio analyzer data. nearly aligned equatorial oblique geomagnetic latitudes. unducted propagation. pulsations events. polarized perpendicular ambient roughly corresponded modulation events. citation němec santolík pickett parrot cornilleau wehrlin quasiperiodic spacecraft pulsations
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exact_dup
|
[
"47088721",
"52660268",
"52897383"
] |
52715685
|
10.1016/j.sigpro.2015.06.015
|
International audienceThe problem of direction of arrival (DoA) estimation of seismic plane waves impinging on an array of sensors is considered from a new deterministic perspective using tensor decomposition techniques. In addition to temporal and spatial sampling, further information is taken into account, based on the different propagation speed of body waves (P and S) through solid media. Performances are evaluated through simulated data in terms of the Cramér-Rao bounds and compared to other reference methods such as ESPRIT and MUSIC, in the presence of additive Gaussian circular noise. The proposed approach is then applied to real seismic data recorded at the Argentière glacier, occurring at the interface between the ice mass and the underlying bedrock. MUSIC and ESPRIT rely on the estimation of the covariance matrix of received data, thus requiring a large number of time samples. Moreover, information about propagation speed diversity is not taken into account by existing models in array processing. The discovered advantage in terms of the average error in estimating the direction of arrival of body waves is noteworthy, especially for a low number of sensors, and in separating closely located sources. Additionally, an improvement of precision in processing real seismic data is observed
|
Tensor decomposition exploiting diversity of propagation velocities; application to localization of icequake events
|
tensor decomposition exploiting diversity of propagation velocities; application to localization of icequake events
|
audiencethe arrival seismic impinging array sensors deterministic perspective decomposition techniques. propagation media. performances cramér bounds esprit music additive circular noise. seismic argentière glacier occurring bedrock. music esprit rely covariance requiring samples. propagation diversity array processing. discovered advantage estimating arrival noteworthy sensors separating closely sources. additionally precision seismic
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47273571",
"51940901"
] |
52720898
|
10.1002/jame.20047
|
1942-2466Tropical deep convection exhibits a variety of levels of aggregation over a wide range of scales. Based on a multisatellite analysis, the present study shows at mesoscale that different levels of aggregation are statistically associated with differing large-scale atmospheric states, despite similar convective intensity and large-scale forcings. The more aggregated the convection, the dryer and less cloudy the atmosphere, the stronger the outgoing longwave radiation, and the lower the planetary albedo. This suggests that mesoscale convective aggregation has the potential to affect couplings between moisture and convection and between convection, radiation, and large-scale ascent. In so doing, aggregation may play a role in phenomena such as "hot spots" or the Madden-Julian Oscillation. These findings support the need for the representation of mesoscale organization in cumulus parameterizations; most parameterizations used in current climate models lack any such representation. The ability of a cloud system-resolving model to reproduce observed relationships suggests that such models may be useful to guide attempts at parameterizations of convective aggregation
|
Does convective aggregation need to be represented in cumulus parameterizations?
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does convective aggregation need to be represented in cumulus parameterizations?
|
tropical convection exhibits aggregation scales. multisatellite mesoscale aggregation statistically differing convective forcings. aggregated convection dryer cloudy atmosphere stronger outgoing longwave planetary albedo. mesoscale convective aggregation couplings moisture convection convection ascent. aggregation phenomena spots madden julian oscillation. mesoscale cumulus parameterizations parameterizations representation. resolving reproduce guide attempts parameterizations convective aggregation
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exact_dup
|
[
"52899846"
] |
52723113
|
10.1088/0004-637X/779/2/123
|
International audienceThe presence or absence of variations in the mass-independent abundances of Si isotopes in bulk meteorites provides important clues concerning the evolution of the early solar system. No Si isotopic anomalies have been found within the level of analytical precision of 15 ppm in 29Si/28Si across a wide range of inner solar system materials, including terrestrial basalts, chondrites, and achondrites. A possible exception is the angrites, which may exhibit small excesses of 29Si. However, the general absence of anomalies suggests that primitive meteorites and differentiated planetesimals formed in a reservoir that was isotopically homogenous with respect to Si. Furthermore, the lack of resolvable anomalies in the calcium-aluminum-rich inclusion measured here suggests that any nucleosynthetic anomalies in Si isotopes were erased through mixing in the solar nebula prior to the formation of refractory solids. The homogeneity exhibited by Si isotopes may have implications for the distribution of Mg isotopes in the solar nebula. Based on supernova nucleosynthetic yield calculations, the expected magnitude of heavy-isotope overabundance is larger for Si than for Mg, suggesting that any potential Mg heterogeneity, if present, exists below the 15 ppm level
|
Si Isotope Homogeneity of the Solar Nebula
|
si isotope homogeneity of the solar nebula
|
audiencethe abundances isotopes meteorites clues concerning system. isotopic anomalies precision terrestrial basalts chondrites achondrites. exception angrites exhibit excesses anomalies primitive meteorites differentiated planetesimals reservoir isotopically homogenous resolvable anomalies calcium aluminum inclusion nucleosynthetic anomalies isotopes erased nebula refractory solids. homogeneity exhibited isotopes isotopes nebula. supernova nucleosynthetic isotope overabundance heterogeneity
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exact_dup
|
[
"52844928"
] |
52723418
|
10.1002/wrcr.20206
|
International audienceHydrodynamic dispersion is a key controlling factor of solute transport in heterogeneous porous media that critically depends on dimensionality. The transverse macrodispersion (asymptotic dispersion transverse to the mean velocity direction) is known to vanish only in 2-D and not in 3-D. Using classical Gaussian correlated permeability fields with a lognormal distribution of variance inline image, we determine numerically the longitudinal and transverse dispersivities as functions of heterogeneity and dimensionality. We show that the transverse macrodispersion steeply increases with inline image underlying the essential role of flow lines braiding, a mechanism specific to 3-D systems that we qualitatively characterize by the increasing expansion of the flow lines transversally to the flow direction. The transverse macrodispersion remains however at least two orders of magnitude smaller than the longitudinal macrodispersion, which increases even more steeply with inline image. At moderate to high levels of heterogeneity, the transverse dispersion also converges much faster to its asymptotic regime than do the longitudinal dispersion. Braiding cannot be thus taken as the sole mechanism responsible for the high longitudinal macrodispersions. It could be either supplemented or superseded by stronger velocity correlations in 3-D than in 2-D. This assumption is supported by the much larger longitudinal macrodispersions obtained in 3-D than in 2-D, up to a factor of 5 for inline imag
|
Numerical assessment of 3-D macrodispersion in heterogeneous porous media
|
numerical assessment of 3-d macrodispersion in heterogeneous porous media
|
audiencehydrodynamic controlling solute heterogeneous porous critically dimensionality. macrodispersion asymptotic vanish permeability lognormal inline numerically longitudinal dispersivities heterogeneity dimensionality. macrodispersion steeply inline braiding qualitatively characterize transversally direction. macrodispersion orders longitudinal macrodispersion steeply inline image. moderate heterogeneity converges faster asymptotic longitudinal dispersion. braiding sole longitudinal macrodispersions. supplemented superseded stronger longitudinal macrodispersions inline imag
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48198989"
] |
52723546
|
10.1051/agro/2009056
|
International audienceIn Réunion Island, expanding human populations, urbanization and agriculture during the last 50 years have all contributed to a steady increase in the level of nitrates in drinking water. Various nitrate point sources are responsible for the nitrate contamination around the island including chemical fertilizers, animal effluent applied to pasture and crops, and urban waste such as sewage and domestic waste water. In terms of agricultural fertilizers, pig effluent is the most widely used, but the cumulative effects of slurry applications on soil water and groundwater are unknown. Our objectives were (1) to characterize and follow in situ the fate of nitrogen through the subsurface after application of pig effluent onto a cultivated soil using stable nitrate isotopes, δ15N and δ18O, and (2) to compare the isotopic signatures of Réunion Island's principal aquifers with results from the experimental site to infer potential contamination sources. The study was conducted on an experimental field site planted with maize in the western part of Réunion Island during the rainy season. A control site with no fertilizer application to the maize was compared with the investigation site which had pig effluent applied once a year. The site which had pig effluent applied over one year had an average maximum surface soil water 15N-${\rm NO}_{3}^{-}$ value of +9.0‰ at 0.45 m depth. This signature was significantly more enriched in 15N than the corresponding subsurface soil water 15N-${\rm NO}_{3}^{-}$ value of +3.8‰ at 10 m depth. The control site average maximum surface soil water 15N-${\rm NO}_{3}^{-}$ value of +3.6‰ at 0.45 m is similar to the subsurface pig effluent application plot. This indicates that nitrates derived from pig effluent have not reached 10 m depth in the subsurface, even though over the last 18 months this site was subjected to two effluent applications, each around 200 kg N ha−1, and more than 1900 mm of rain, more than half of which drains directly into the root zone. This slow migration shows that mobilization of nitrates through cultivated soil can take many tens of years before infiltrating and contaminating the saturated zone situated at several tens, and in places, hundreds of meters depth. On an island-wide scale, an isotopic assessment of nitrates from the experimental site's soil water and other drinking water wells highlights a nitrogenous contamination derived primarily from urban and/or agriculture via effluent application
|
Evidence of soil pollution by nitrates derived from pig effluent using 18O and 15N isotope analyses
|
evidence of soil pollution by nitrates derived from pig effluent using 18o and 15n isotope analyses
|
audiencein réunion island expanding urbanization agriculture contributed steady nitrates drinking water. nitrate nitrate contamination island fertilizers effluent pasture crops waste sewage domestic waste water. agricultural fertilizers effluent widely cumulative slurry groundwater unknown. objectives characterize situ fate nitrogen subsurface effluent cultivated nitrate isotopes isotopic signatures réunion island principal aquifers infer contamination sources. planted maize réunion island rainy season. fertilizer maize effluent year. effluent depth. signature enriched subsurface depth. subsurface effluent plot. nitrates effluent reached subsurface subjected effluent rain drains zone. slow migration mobilization nitrates cultivated tens infiltrating contaminating saturated situated tens places hundreds meters depth. island isotopic nitrates drinking wells highlights nitrogenous contamination primarily agriculture effluent
|
exact_dup
|
[
"51962216"
] |
52734633
|
10.1007/s00531-011-0673-z
|
International audienceThe ENE-WSW Autun Shear Zone in the northeastern part of the French Massif Central has been interpreted previously as a dextral wrench fault. New field observations and microstructural analyses document a NE-SW stretching lineation that indicates normal dextral motions along this shear zone. Further east, similar structures are observed along the La Serre Shear Zone. In both areas, a strain gradient from leucogranites with a weak preferred orientation to highly sheared mylonites supports a continuous Autun-La Serre fault system. Microstructural observations, and shape and lattice-preferred orientation document high-temperature deformation and magmatic fabrics in the Autun and La Serre granites, whereas low- to intermediate-temperature fabrics characterize the mylonitic granite. Electron microprobe monazite geochronology of the Autun and La Serre granites yields a ca. 320 Ma age for pluton emplacement, while mica 40Ar-39Ar datings of the Autun granite yield plateau ages from 305 to 300 Ma. The ca. 300 Ma 40Ar-39Ar ages, obtained on micas from Autun and La Serre mylonites, indicate the time of the mylonitization. The ca. 15-Ma time gap between pluton emplacement and deformation along the Autun-La Serre fault system argue against a synkinematic pluton emplacement during late orogenic to postorogenic extension of the Variscan Belt. A ductile to brittle continuum of deformation is observed along the shear zone, with Lower Permian brittle faults controlling the development of sedimentary basins. These results suggest a two-stage Late Carboniferous extension in the northeastern French Massif Central, with regional crustal melting and emplacement of the Autun and La Serre leucogranites around 320 Ma, followed, at 305-295 Ma, by ductile shearing, normal brittle faulting, and subsequent exhumation along the Autun-La Serre transtensional fault system
|
Relationships between magmatism and extension along the Autun-La Serre fault system in the Variscan Belt of the eastern French Massif Central
|
relationships between magmatism and extension along the autun-la serre fault system in the variscan belt of the eastern french massif central
|
audiencethe autun northeastern french massif interpreted dextral wrench fault. microstructural document stretching lineation dextral motions zone. east serre zone. leucogranites preferred sheared mylonites supports autun serre fault system. microstructural preferred document deformation magmatic fabrics autun serre granites fabrics characterize mylonitic granite. microprobe monazite geochronology autun serre granites pluton emplacement mica datings autun granite plateau ages ages micas autun serre mylonites mylonitization. pluton emplacement deformation autun serre fault argue synkinematic pluton emplacement orogenic postorogenic variscan belt. ductile brittle continuum deformation permian brittle faults controlling sedimentary basins. carboniferous northeastern french massif crustal melting emplacement autun serre leucogranites ductile shearing brittle faulting exhumation autun serre transtensional fault
|
exact_dup
|
[
"54025207",
"54039349"
] |
52735320
|
10.1016/j.gr.2011.02.013
|
International audienceWithin the paleoproterozoic Trans-North China Orogen, the High-Pressure Belt (HPB) is made of high-pressure (~ 15 kbar) mafic granulites hosted in migmatitic gneisses. In this contribution, we document a set of structural analyses acquired over the whole HPB. We also proposed a morphological subdivision of the partially molten rocks that compose the HPB according to changes in melt fraction. A compilation of the P-T and radiochronological data carried out over the last 15 years is presented. The results highlight the concurrent effect of oroclinal bending and partial-melting in controlling the exhumation of the deeply buried continental crust. During ongoing compression of the thickening orogenic root, onset of partial-melting at peak metamorphism is responsible for a first strength drop that enhanced an eastward lateral flow. Radiometric ages show that the deep crust was partially molten over a 50 Ma lasting period during which it evolved in a diatexite core mantled by metatexites. This was responsible for a second strength drop with strain concentrated along the diatexite/metatexite boundaries, as exemplified by the newly documented Datong-Chengde Shear Zone, a ~ 400 km-long normal shear zone with a sinistral strike-slip component that accommodated the final uprise of the high-pressure rocks
|
Syn-collisional channel flow and exhumation of paleoproterozoic High Pressure rocks in the Trans-North China Orogen: the critical role of partial-melting and orogenic bending
|
syn-collisional channel flow and exhumation of paleoproterozoic high pressure rocks in the trans-north china orogen: the critical role of partial-melting and orogenic bending
|
audiencewithin paleoproterozoic orogen belt kbar mafic granulites hosted migmatitic gneisses. document acquired hpb. morphological subdivision partially molten rocks compose melt fraction. compilation radiochronological presented. highlight concurrent oroclinal bending melting controlling exhumation deeply buried continental crust. ongoing compression thickening orogenic onset melting metamorphism drop eastward lateral flow. radiometric ages crust partially molten lasting evolved diatexite mantled metatexites. drop concentrated diatexite metatexite boundaries exemplified newly documented datong chengde sinistral strike slip accommodated uprise rocks
|
exact_dup
|
[
"54025303",
"54039563"
] |
52736289
|
10.1016/j.aquatox.2008.07.004
|
International audienceThe effects of the herbicide Roundup® (glyphosate) on natural marine microbial communities were assessed in a 7-day field experiment using microcosms. Bottles were maintained underwater at 6 m depth, and 10% of their water content was changed every other day. The comparison of control microcosms and surrounding surface water showed that the microcosm system tested here can be considered as representative of the natural surrounding environment. A temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TTGE) was run on 16S and 18S rDNA-amplified extracts from the whole microbial community. Cluster analysis of the 16S gel showed differences between control and treatment fingerprints for Roundup at 1 μg L−1 (ANOSIM, p = 0.055; R = 0.53), and 10 μg L−1 (ANOSIM, p = 0.086; R = 0.40). Flow cytometry analysis revealed a significant increase in the prasinophyte-like population when Roundup concentration was increased to 10 μg L−1. This study demonstrates that a disturbance was caused to the marine microbial community exposed to 1 μg L−1 Roundup concentration, a value typical of those reported in coastal waters during a run-off event
|
Impact of Roundup on the marine microbial community, as shown by an in situ microcosm experiment
|
impact of roundup on the marine microbial community, as shown by an in situ microcosm experiment
|
audiencethe herbicide roundup® glyphosate marine microbial communities microcosms. bottles maintained underwater changed day. microcosms surrounding microcosm surrounding environment. electrophoresis ttge rdna amplified extracts microbial community. fingerprints roundup anosim anosim cytometry prasinophyte roundup demonstrates disturbance marine microbial exposed roundup coastal waters
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52452279",
"52853104"
] |
52739880
|
10.1016/j.jcp.2010.01.005
|
Accepted to Journal of Computational PhysicsInternational audienceKadath is a library that implements spectral methods in a very modular manner. It is designed to solve a wide class of problems that arise in the context of theoretical physics. Several types of coordinates are implemented and additional geometries can be easily encoded. Partial differential equations of various types are discretized by means of spectral methods. The resulting system is solved using a Newton-Raphson iteration. Doing so, Kadath is able to deal with strongly non-linear situations. The algorithms are validated by applying the library to four different problems of contemporary physics, in the fields of gauge field theory and general relativit
|
Kadath: a spectral solver for theoretical physics
|
kadath: a spectral solver for theoretical physics
|
physicsinternational audiencekadath library implements modular manner. solve arise physics. implemented geometries encoded. discretized methods. solved newton raphson iteration. kadath deal situations. validated library contemporary relativit
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47110752",
"52662989"
] |
52767749
|
10.1007/s00357-006-0004-4
|
14 pages, 4 figuresThis series of papers is intended to evaluate astrocladistics in reconstructing phylogenies of galaxies. The objective of this second paper is to formalize the concept of galaxy formation and to identify the processes of diversification. We show that galaxy diversity can be expected to organize itself in a hierarchy. In order to better understand the role of mergers, we have selected a sample of 43 galaxies from the GALICS database built from simulations with a hybrid model for galaxy formation studies. These simulated galaxies, described by 119 characters and considered as representing still undefined classes, have experienced different numbers of merger events during evolution. Our cladistic analysis yields a robust tree that proves the existence of a hierarchy. Mergers, like interactions (not taken into account in the GALICS simulations), are probably a strong driver for galaxy diversification. Our result shows that mergers participate in a branching type of evolution, but do not seem to play the role of an evolutionary clock
|
Astrocladistics: a phylogenetic analysis of galaxy evolution II. Formation and diversification of galaxies
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astrocladistics: a phylogenetic analysis of galaxy evolution ii. formation and diversification of galaxies
|
pages figuresthis papers intended astrocladistics reconstructing phylogenies galaxies. formalize diversification. diversity organize hierarchy. mergers galics built hybrid studies. characters representing undefined experienced merger evolution. cladistic robust proves hierarchy. mergers galics probably driver diversification. mergers participate branching seem evolutionary clock
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exact_dup
|
[
"47313373"
] |
52781717
|
10.1051/proc/201343005
|
19 pagesInternational audienceIn this work we are interested in numerical simulations for bedload erosion processes. We present a relaxation solver that we apply to moving dunes test cases in one and two dimensions. In particular we retrieve the so-called anti-dune process that is well described in the experiments. In order to be able to run 2D test cases with reasonable CPU time, we also describe and apply a parallelization procedure by using domain decomposition based on the classical MPI library
|
Parallelization of a relaxation scheme modelling the bedload transport of sediments in shallow water flow
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parallelization of a relaxation scheme modelling the bedload transport of sediments in shallow water flow
|
pagesinternational audiencein interested bedload erosion processes. relaxation solver moving dunes dimensions. retrieve dune experiments. reasonable parallelization decomposition library
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exact_dup
|
[
"51442777"
] |
52826925
|
10.1080/07362994.2011.581081
|
International audienceWe deal with a class of abstract nonlinear stochastic models with multiplicative noise, which covers many 2D hydrodynamical models including the 2D Navier-Stokes equations, 2D MHD models and 2D magnetic Bénard problems as well as some shell models of turbulence. Our main result describes the support of the distribution of solutions. Both inclusions are proved by means of a general Wong-Zakai type result of convergence in probability for non linear stochastic PDEs driven by a Hilbert-valued Brownian motion and some adapted finite dimensional approximation of this process
|
Stochastic 2D hydrodynamical systems: Wong-Zakai approximation and Support theorem
|
stochastic 2d hydrodynamical systems: wong-zakai approximation and support theorem
|
audiencewe deal stochastic multiplicative covers hydrodynamical navier stokes bénard turbulence. describes solutions. inclusions proved wong zakai stochastic pdes hilbert valued brownian adapted
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47107995"
] |
52905976
|
10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2010.12.015
|
International audienceReduction processes of Ti4+ ions in various silicate glasses have been studied by EPR spectroscopy at 20 K. Different parameters like the [Na]/[Ti] ratio, the integrated dose and Ti3+ ions ageing processes were analyzed in this work. Simulation of the Ti3+ ion EPR spectra in different Ti-doped silicate glasses has shown three different Ti3+ environment attributed to one [VI]Ti3+ and two [V]Ti3+ environment (square pyramid and trigonal bi-pyramid). The [VI]Ti3+ ion environment is observed only for [Na]/[Ti] ratios higher or equal to 68 although the two others are observed for all values of the [Na]/[Ti] ratio considered. In terms of relative proportions, the Ti3+ ions in a square pyramid of oxygen are the dominant species
|
EPR study of Ti3+ ions formed under beta irradiation in silicate glasses.
|
epr study of ti3+ ions formed under beta irradiation in silicate glasses.
|
audiencereduction silicate glasses spectroscopy ageing work. doped silicate glasses attributed pyramid trigonal pyramid considered. proportions pyramid
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52691570"
] |
52995032
|
10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2015.09.005
|
International audienceBedding-parallel veins of fibrous calcite ('beef') are historical in the Wessex Basin. The veins are common in Mesozoic mudstones and shales, especially of Liassic to Mid-Cretaceous ages. Cone-in-cone structures, which consist of multiple nested cones, are also well developed within the 'beef'. To investigate the distribution and the context of formation of 'beef' in the basin, we have made several field studies and analysed numerous samples. The veins are widespread vertically and horizontally in the sedimentary sequence, but they are especially common near or within potential source rocks for petroleum or near major tectonic faults. The internal structures of some 'beef' veins have revealed that they formed during Late Cretaceous to Tertiary compressional inversion of the basin. The typical composition for 'beef' is of calcite, with some pyrite and fragments of shale. However, inclusions or patches of hydrocarbons (liquid or solid) occur within calcite crystals or between fibres, respectively. According to some previous studies, as well as ours, 'beef' veins of the Wessex Basin represent natural hydraulic fractures, which formed as a result of fluid overpressure. This may have resulted in part from chemical compaction of petroleum source rocks, during Late Cretaceous to Tertiary times. Indeed, source rocks at outcrop in the Wessex Basin could be more mature than previously thought and the 'beef' veins may be good markers of maturation
|
Natural hydraulic fractures in the Wessex Basin, SW England: widespread distribution, composition and history
|
natural hydraulic fractures in the wessex basin, sw england: widespread distribution, composition and history
|
audiencebedding veins fibrous calcite beef historical wessex basin. veins mesozoic mudstones shales liassic cretaceous ages. cone cone consist nested cones beef beef basin analysed numerous samples. veins widespread vertically horizontally sedimentary rocks petroleum tectonic faults. beef veins cretaceous tertiary compressional inversion basin. beef calcite pyrite fragments shale. inclusions patches hydrocarbons calcite crystals fibres respectively. beef veins wessex basin hydraulic fractures overpressure. resulted compaction petroleum rocks cretaceous tertiary times. rocks outcrop wessex basin mature thought beef veins markers maturation
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48165552",
"52714885"
] |
53011305
|
10.1016/j.intcom.2011.05.002
|
International audienceWith the advent of new haptic feedback devices, researchers are giving serious consideration to the incorporation of haptic communication in collaborative virtual environments. For instance, haptic interactions based tools can be used for medical and related education whereby students can train in minimal invasive surgery using virtual reality before approaching human subjects. To design virtual environments that support haptic communication, a deeper understanding of humans' haptic interactions is required. In this paper, human's haptic collaboration is investigated. A collaborative virtual environment was designed to support performing a shared manual task. To evaluate this system, 60 medical students participated to an experimental study. Participants were asked to perform in dyads a needle insertion task after a training period. Results show that compared to conventional training methods, a visual-haptic training improves user's collaborative performance. In addition, we found that haptic interaction influences the partners' verbal communication when sharing haptic information. This indicates that the haptic communication training changes the nature of the users' mental representations. Finally, we found that haptic interactions increased the sense of copresence in the virtual environment: haptic communication facilitates users' collaboration in a shared manual task within a shared virtual environment. Design implications for including haptic communication in virtual environments are outlined
|
Influence of Haptic Communication on a Shared Manual Task in a Collaborative Virtual Environment
|
influence of haptic communication on a shared manual task in a collaborative virtual environment
|
audiencewith advent haptic devices researchers giving serious consideration incorporation haptic collaborative virtual environments. haptic whereby train invasive virtual reality approaching subjects. virtual environments haptic deeper humans haptic required. haptic investigated. collaborative virtual performing shared manual task. participated study. asked dyads needle insertion period. haptic improves collaborative performance. haptic influences partners verbal sharing haptic information. haptic representations. haptic copresence virtual haptic facilitates shared manual shared virtual environment. haptic virtual environments outlined
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exact_dup
|
[
"50616886"
] |
53015706
|
10.1016/j.nima.2010.06.059
|
6 pagesInternational audienceThe CODALEMA experiment is measuring transient radio emissions associated to extended air showers produced by high energy cosmic rays. The experimental setup installed at the Nancay Radio Observatory in France has recently undergone hardware upgrades and an extension of the surfaces covered by both the antenna and the scintillator detector arrays. The experimental data allow to investigate the main features of these radio signals and the underlying electric field production mechanisms. Some of the latest experimental results of CODALEMA are presented. They have been analyzed assuming a linear dependence of the electric field with respect to v ^ B. Within the CODALEMA observation conditions at Nancay, the detection eficiency, the arrival direction distribution and the polarity of the radio signals can be interpreted in terms of a geomagnetic effect. A R&D effort is currently underway to develop the hardware elements for the deployment of a large detector array based on active antennas. The main features of the first prototype of the CODALEMA autonomous station are briefly described
|
Geomagnetic effects observed by the Codalema experiment
|
geomagnetic effects observed by the codalema experiment
|
pagesinternational audiencethe codalema measuring transient showers cosmic rays. setup installed nancay observatory undergone hardware upgrades covered antenna scintillator arrays. mechanisms. latest codalema presented. codalema nancay eficiency arrival polarity interpreted geomagnetic effect. effort underway hardware deployment array antennas. prototype codalema autonomous station briefly
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exact_dup
|
[
"46771106",
"50617560"
] |
53167108
|
10.1007/s10753-011-9310-z
|
Interleukin-17 (IL-17) is a proinflammatory cytokine produced, although not exclusively, by T helper 17 recently identified as a distinct T helper lineage mediating tissue inflammation. IL-17 is known to be involved in a number of chronic disorders although the mechanisms regulating its production in inflammatory disease are still unclear. The beneficial properties of the polyphenolic compound resveratrol including its nti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor effects, its role in the aging process and in the prevention of heart and neurodegenerative diseases are well-known. In addition, derivatives of resveratrol, including glucosylated molecules as polydatin have been linked to similar beneficial effects. We have investigated the effects of resveratrol and polydatin on the in vitro production of IL-17 in a model of inflammation in vitro. The results obtained by activated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, stimulated with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 monoclonal antibodies and treated with these polyphenolic compounds at different concentrations show that both decrease IL-17 production in a concentration-dependent manner. This study confirms the anti-inflammatory\ud
activity of resveratrol and its derivatives and suggests a potential clinical relevance in the therapy of inflammatory diseases
|
Anti-inflammatory Effect of Resveratrol and Polydatinby In Vitro IL-17 Modulation.
|
anti-inflammatory effect of resveratrol and polydatinby in vitro il-17 modulation.
|
interleukin proinflammatory cytokine exclusively helper helper lineage mediating inflammation. disorders regulating inflammatory unclear. beneficial polyphenolic compound resveratrol inflammatory antioxidant antitumor aging prevention neurodegenerative known. derivatives resveratrol glucosylated polydatin beneficial effects. resveratrol polydatin inflammation vitro. peripheral mononuclear stimulated monoclonal antibodies polyphenolic manner. confirms inflammatory resveratrol derivatives relevance inflammatory
|
exact_dup
|
[
"41126565"
] |
56362832
|
10.1007/978-3-642-29931-5_6
|
New approaches for data provenance and data management (DPDM) are required for mega science projects like the Square Kilometer Array, characterized by extremely large data volume and intense data rates, therefore demanding innovative and highly efficient computational paradigms. In this context, we explore a stream-computing approach with the emphasis on the use of accelerators. In particular, we make use of a new generation of high performance stream-based parallelization middleware known as InfoSphere Streams. Its viability for managing and ensuring interoperability and integrity of signal processing data pipelines is demonstrated in radio astronomy. IBM InfoSphere Streams embraces the stream-computing paradigm. It is a shift from conventional data mining techniques (involving analysis of existing data from databases) towards real-time analytic processing. We discuss using InfoSphere Streams for effective DPDM in radio astronomy and propose a way in which InfoSphere Streams can be utilized for large antennae arrays. We present a case-study: the InfoSphere Streams implementation of an autocorrelating spectrometer, and using this example we discuss the advantages of the stream-computing approach and the utilization of hardware accelerators
|
Data provenance and management in Radio Astronomy: a stream computing approach
|
data provenance and management in radio astronomy: a stream computing approach
|
provenance dpdm mega projects kilometer array extremely intense demanding innovative paradigms. explore stream emphasis accelerators. stream parallelization middleware infosphere streams. viability managing ensuring interoperability integrity pipelines astronomy. infosphere streams embraces stream paradigm. mining involving databases analytic processing. infosphere streams dpdm astronomy propose infosphere streams utilized antennae arrays. infosphere streams autocorrelating spectrometer advantages stream utilization hardware accelerators
|
exact_dup
|
[
"56363702"
] |
56650022
|
10.1016/j.rmed.2011.01.003
|
SummaryBackgroundThe associations between alcohol consumption and sleep-disordered breathing in women are uncertain.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study of 3113 women aged 30–69 years. The 3% oxygen desaturation index (3%ODI), based on overnight pulse oximetry findings, was selected as an indicator of sleep-disordered breathing.Results3%ODI frequencies of ≥5 were higher for drinking women with ethanol intakes of ≥23.0 g/d than for never drinkers: the respective multivariable odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals was 1.8(1.0–3.4). The corresponding odds ratio was 3.0(1.6–5.8) for habitual snoring. The associations of ethanol intakes of ≥23.0 g/d with 3%ODI ≥ 5 was more evident among women with BMI <23.0 kg/m2 (median) than those with higher BMI but did not vary by habitual snoring. The multivariable odds ratios of 3%ODI ≥ 5 for women with ethanol intakes of ≥23.0 g/d versus never drinkers were 2.7(1.0–6.7) for lower BMI and 1.5(0.6–3.3) for higher BMI and the corresponding odds ratio were 2.8(1.6–7.2) and 3.2(1.3–7.9) for habitual snoring, respectively.ConclusionAlcohol consumption was associated with higher prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing among Japanese women
|
Associations between alcohol consumption and sleep-disordered breathing among Japanese women
|
associations between alcohol consumption and sleep-disordered breathing among japanese women
|
summarybackgroundthe associations alcohol sleep disordered breathing uncertain.methodswe sectional aged years. desaturation overnight oximetry indicator sleep disordered breathing.results drinking ethanol intakes never drinkers respective multivariable odds confidence intervals odds habitual snoring. associations ethanol intakes evident vary habitual snoring. multivariable odds ethanol intakes never drinkers odds habitual snoring respectively.conclusionalcohol prevalence sleep disordered breathing japanese
|
exact_dup
|
[
"82777921"
] |
59036671
|
10.1002/pssc.200778499
|
This paper reports the atmospheric-pressure MOVPE growth of In-rich InAlN. All InAlN films prepared here (Al content:0 0.43) do not show phase separation. The incorporation of Al in InAlN is decreased with increasing growth temperature. A decrease in Al content is also observed for films grown at a position farther from the up-stream end of the susceptor. The marked decrease in the Al content along the gas flow direction seems to be caused by the shortage of TMA supply at the downstream by the parasitic reaction of TMA. A single-crystalline InAlN film with an Al content of 0-0.43 is successfully grown by adjusting growth temperature and TMA/(TMI+TMA) molar ratio. FWHM of X-ray rocking curve for InAlN is increased with increasing Al content. The carrier concentrations in InAlN films are comparable to that in InN (1-5 × 10^19 cm^<-3>). All the single-crystalline InAlN films with an Al content of 0-0.3 show a photoluminescence at room temperature
|
Atmospheric-pressure MOVPE growth of In-rich InAlN
|
atmospheric-pressure movpe growth of in-rich inaln
|
movpe inaln. inaln films separation. incorporation inaln temperature. films grown farther stream susceptor. marked shortage supply downstream parasitic tma. crystalline inaln film successfully grown adjusting molar ratio. fwhm rocking inaln content. carrier inaln films comparable crystalline inaln films photoluminescence room
|
exact_dup
|
[
"61343970"
] |
59243949
|
10.1063/1.1580991
|
A large frequency dependence of the maximum dielectric constant temperature was observed for LiTaO3 nanocrystals (the diameter 20 Å) dispersed in mesoporous silicate. At the applied field frequency of 100 kHz, the maximum temperatures in the real and imaginary parts were 365 and 345 °C, respectively. The maximum temperature in the real part is apparently lower than the paraelectric–ferroelectric transition temperature (645 °C) of bulk LiTaO3. The maximum temperature in the imaginary part rose from 285 to 420 °C with increasing frequency from 10 to 1000 kHz. Since the bulk LiTaO3 shows no relaxor behavior, such superparaelectric behavior is obviously a consequence of nanominiaturization of LiTaO3 crystal and insignificant cooperative interactions between the nanoparticles
|
Large frequency dependence of lowered maximum dielectric constant temperature of LiTaO3 nanocrystals dispersed in mesoporous silicate
|
large frequency dependence of lowered maximum dielectric constant temperature of litao3 nanocrystals dispersed in mesoporous silicate
|
dielectric litao nanocrystals dispersed mesoporous silicate. imaginary respectively. apparently paraelectric–ferroelectric litao imaginary rose khz. litao relaxor superparaelectric obviously nanominiaturization litao insignificant cooperative nanoparticles
|
exact_dup
|
[
"147422129"
] |
77603934
|
10.1007/s10856-013-5086-z
|
Bone cement containing alumina particles with a specific crystalline structure exhibits the ability to bond with bone. These particles (AL-P) are mainly composed of delta-type alumina (δ-Al2O3). It is likely that some of the proteins present in the body environment are adsorbed onto the cement and influence the expression of its bioactivity. However, the effect that this adsorption of proteins has on the bone-bonding mechanism of bone cement has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the characteristics of the adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) onto AL-P and compared them with those of its adsorption onto hydroxyapatite (HA), which also exhibits bone-bonding ability, as well as with those of adsorption onto alpha-type alumina (α-Al2O3), which does not bond with bone. The adsorption characteristics of BSA onto AL-P were very different from those onto α-Al2O3 but quite similar to those onto HA. It is speculated that BSA is adsorbed onto AL-P and HA by interionic interactions, while it is adsorbed onto α-Al2O3 by electrostatic attraction. The results suggest that the specific adsorption of albumin onto implant materials might play a role in the expression of the bone-bonding abilities of the materials
|
Adsorption characteristics of bovine serum albumin onto alumina with a specific crystalline structure
|
adsorption characteristics of bovine serum albumin onto alumina with a specific crystalline structure
|
cement alumina crystalline exhibits bond bone. composed delta alumina adsorbed cement bioactivity. adsorption bonding cement elucidated. adsorption bovine albumin adsorption hydroxyapatite exhibits bonding adsorption alpha alumina bond bone. adsorption speculated adsorbed interionic adsorbed electrostatic attraction. adsorption albumin implant bonding abilities
|
exact_dup
|
[
"147426618"
] |
80948139
|
10.1049/joe.2016.0045
|
The objective is to address the small-signal stability analysis of a renewable-driven AC microgrid in the context of the practical usage and application. The state-space modelling of the system is generalised over all possible microgrid configurations. It is shown that there exist two simple templates to represent the dynamics of any type of load. The dynamics of any type of source (including the utility grid during the grid-connected operation) can be represented through a single template. Thus, the effective number of the different types of dynamic element is minimised and set fixed irrespective of the actual microgrid composition. In addition, similar loads are represented in the form of a single group to reduce computational complexity. A systematic procedure for constructing the system matrix using the prescribed source and load templates is discussed. The developed framework is applied on a test system having complex loads for both grid-connected and islanded operations. It is a common observation that system stability is influenced by the interactions between inertial and non-inertial components. To overcome this issue, suitable parameters are identified and tuned by performing system level study
|
Generalised analytical framework for the stability studies of an AC microgrid
|
generalised analytical framework for the stability studies of an ac microgrid
|
renewable microgrid practical usage application. generalised microgrid configurations. templates load. utility template. minimised irrespective microgrid composition. loads complexity. constructing prescribed templates discussed. loads islanded operations. influenced inertial inertial components. overcome tuned performing
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52171484"
] |
84138493
|
10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2012.08.015
|
This paper presents the results of a thorough microstructural characterisation of a set of cement mortars\ud
(made with three w/b ratios and five different cement types), degraded by the ammonium nitrate\ud
method. Both destructive and ultrasonic non-destructive techniques were used to characterise the samples.\ud
The initial calcium content of the samples plays a dominant role in both the advance of the degradation\ud
process and the degradation grade of the samples. In addition, the decalcification process kinetics\ud
and the degradation grade are modelled, using Fick’s second law of diffusion and the shrinking unreacted-\ud
core model. Two parametric equations are presented and used to estimate the decalcification process\ud
kinetics and the degradation grade using accessible microstructural parameters of the native\ud
mortars, such as the initial CaO content, the open porosity, and the cementitious matrix volume fraction.\ud
Furthermore, the degraded depth in the samples is measured using ultrasonic testing with an average\ud
error of about 10%
|
Decalcification of cement mortars: Characterisation and modelling
|
decalcification of cement mortars: characterisation and modelling
|
presents thorough microstructural characterisation cement mortars cement degraded ammonium nitrate method. destructive ultrasonic destructive characterise samples. calcium plays advance degradation degradation grade samples. decalcification kinetics degradation grade modelled fick’s shrinking unreacted model. parametric decalcification kinetics degradation grade accessible microstructural native mortars porosity cementitious fraction. degraded ultrasonic
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148669083"
] |
84139087
|
10.1016/j.csi.2016.06.002
|
Global software development (GSD) is gaining ever more relevance. Although communication is key in the exchange\ud
of information between team members, multi-site software development has introduced additional obstacles (different\ud
time-zones and cultures, IT infrastructure, etc.) and delays into the act of communication, which is already problematic.\ud
Communication is even more critical in the case of Agile Global Software Development (AGSD) in which communication plays a primary role. This paper reports an exploratory study of the effects of tools supporting communication\ud
in AGSD. More precisely, this paper analyses the perception of team members about communication infrastructures\ud
in AGSD. The research question to which this study responds concerns how development teams perceive the communication infrastructure while developing products using agile methodologies. Most previous studies have dealt with communication support from a highly technological media tool perspective. In this research work, instead, observations were obtained from three perspectives: communication among team members, communication of the status of the development process, and communication of the status of the progress of the product under development.\ud
\ud
It has been possible to show that team members perceive advantages to using media tools that make them\ud
feel in practice that teams are co-located, such as smartboards supported by efficient video-tools, and combining media tools with centralized repository tools, with information from the process development and product characteristics,\ud
that allow distributed teams to effectively share information about the status of the project/process/product\ud
during the development process in order to overcome some of the still existing problems in communication in AGSD
|
An exploratory study in communication in Agile Global Software Development
|
an exploratory study in communication in agile global software development
|
gaining ever relevance. team obstacles zones cultures infrastructure etc. delays problematic. agile agsd plays role. exploratory supporting agsd. precisely perception team infrastructures agsd. responds concerns teams perceive infrastructure agile methodologies. dealt technological perspective. perspectives team progress development. team perceive advantages feel teams smartboards video combining centralized repository teams effectively share overcome agsd
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148687690"
] |
96741100
|
10.1016/j.ndteint.2017.08.001
|
This paper presents an assessment of ageing for thin Thermal Barrier Coatings (TBC) using active thermography. As TBCs undergo ageing during their service life, sintering changes the porosity, elements migrate from the substrate, and micro-cracks build up in the structure of the material, exhibiting a change in thermal conductivity and diffusion properties. As the material ages and these properties change over time, it is possible to exploit trends in this change for characterisation of coating ageing, which would provide a diagnostics tool to estimate remaining useful life. In this study, through-depth diffusivity measurement has been applied to thin EB-PVD coatings which are artificially aged via oxidation furnace cycles. In order to address the difficulties of capturing a fast thermal event in a thin coating, a novel parametric study approach has been carried out to optimise data capture and analysis, maximising available frames for the model fitting step. Through-depth diffusivities have been measured during ageing for six samples, yielding a repeatable trend in thermal diffusivity measurements, with three features, which can be exploited for ageing characterisation of thin EB-PVD TBCs, and used as an alarm of imminent failure
|
A study of pulsed thermography for life assessment of thin EB-PVD TBCs undergoing oxidation ageing
|
a study of pulsed thermography for life assessment of thin eb-pvd tbcs undergoing oxidation ageing
|
presents ageing barrier coatings thermography. tbcs undergo ageing sintering porosity migrate micro cracks build exhibiting conductivity properties. ages exploit characterisation coating ageing diagnostics life. diffusivity coatings artificially aged oxidation furnace cycles. difficulties capturing coating parametric optimise capture maximising frames fitting step. diffusivities ageing yielding repeatable diffusivity exploited ageing characterisation tbcs alarm imminent
|
exact_dup
|
[
"96898332"
] |
11249430
|
10.1016/j.ajhg.2008.02.017
|
Many genetic diseases have been linked to the dysfunction of primary cilia, which occur nearly ubiquitously in the body and act as solitary cellular mechanosensory organelles. The list of clinical manifestations and affected tissues in cilia-related disorders (ciliopathies) such as nephronophthisis is broad and has been attributed to the wide expression pattern of ciliary proteins. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms leading to this dramatic diversity of phenotypes. We recently reported hypomorphic NPHP3 mutations in children and young adults with isolated nephronophthisis and associated hepatic fibrosis or tapetoretinal degeneration. Here, we chose a combinatorial approach in mice and humans to define the phenotypic spectrum of NPHP3/Nphp3 mutations and the role of the nephrocystin-3 protein. We demonstrate that the pcy mutation generates a hypomorphic Nphp3 allele that is responsible for the cystic kidney disease phenotype, whereas complete loss of Nphp3 function results in situs inversus, congenital heart defects, and embryonic lethality in mice. In humans, we show that NPHP3 mutations can cause a broad clinical spectrum of early embryonic patterning defects comprising situs inversus, polydactyly, central nervous system malformations, structural heart defects, preauricular fistulas, and a wide range of congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT). On the functional level, we show that nephrocystin-3 directly interacts with inversin and can inhibit like inversin canonical Wnt signaling, whereas nephrocystin-3 deficiency leads in Xenopus laevis to typical planar cell polarity defects, suggesting a role in the control of canonical and noncanonical (planar cell polarity) Wnt signaling
|
Loss of nephrocystin-3 function can cause embryonic lethality, Meckel-Gruber-like syndrome, situs inversus, and renal-hepatic-pancreatic dysplasia
|
loss of nephrocystin-3 function can cause embryonic lethality, meckel-gruber-like syndrome, situs inversus, and renal-hepatic-pancreatic dysplasia
|
dysfunction cilia nearly ubiquitously solitary mechanosensory organelles. manifestations tissues cilia disorders ciliopathies nephronophthisis broad attributed ciliary proteins. dramatic diversity phenotypes. hypomorphic nphp adults nephronophthisis hepatic fibrosis tapetoretinal degeneration. chose combinatorial humans phenotypic nphp nphp nephrocystin protein. mutation generates hypomorphic nphp allele cystic kidney phenotype nphp situs inversus congenital defects embryonic lethality mice. humans nphp broad embryonic patterning defects comprising situs inversus polydactyly nervous malformations defects preauricular fistulas congenital anomalies kidney urinary tract cakut nephrocystin interacts inversin inhibit inversin canonical nephrocystin deficiency xenopus laevis planar polarity defects canonical noncanonical planar polarity
|
exact_dup
|
[
"82072232"
] |
11307926
|
10.1090/S0025-5718-05-01762-X
|
In this paper a singularly perturbed reaction-diffusion partial differential equation in two space dimensions is examined. By means of an appropriate decomposition, we describe the asymptotic behaviour of the solution of problems of this kind. A central finite difference scheme is constructed for this problem which involves an appropriate Shishkin mesh. We prove that the numerical approximations are almost second order uniformly convergent (in the maximum norm) with respect to the singular perturbation parameter. Some numerical experiments are given that illustrate in practice the theoretical order of convergence established for the numerical method
|
A parameter robust numerical method for a two dimensional reaction-diffusion problem.
|
a parameter robust numerical method for a two dimensional reaction-diffusion problem.
|
singularly perturbed examined. decomposition asymptotic kind. involves shishkin mesh. approximations uniformly convergent norm singular perturbation parameter. illustrate
|
exact_dup
|
[
"147595704"
] |
11308036
|
10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2007.02.025
|
Oxidative DNA damage is one of the most important and most studied mechanisms of disease. It has been associated with a range of terminal diseases such as cancer, heart disease, hepatitis, and HIV, as well as with a variety of everyday ailments. There are various mechanisms by which this type of DNA damage can be initiated, through radiation and chemical oxidation, among others; however, these mechanisms have yet to be fully elucidated. A HPLC-UV-EC study of the oxidation of DNA mediated by nickel(II) obtained results that show an erratic, almost oscillatory formation of 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) from free guanine and from guanine in DNA. Sporadic 8-oxoG concentrations were also observed when 8-oxoG alone was subjected to these conditions. A HPLC-MS/MS study showed the formation of oxidised-guanidinohydantoin (oxGH) from free guanine at pH 11, and the formation of guanidinohydantoin (GH) from DNA at pH 5.5
|
Nickel(II)-catalysed oxidative guanine and DNA damage beyond 8-oxoguanine
|
nickel(ii)-catalysed oxidative guanine and dna damage beyond 8-oxoguanine
|
oxidative disease. hepatitis everyday ailments. initiated oxidation elucidated. hplc oxidation nickel erratic oscillatory oxoguanine oxog guanine guanine dna. sporadic oxog oxog subjected conditions. hplc oxidised guanidinohydantoin oxgh guanine guanidinohydantoin
|
exact_dup
|
[
"147595990"
] |
11308145
|
10.1007/11919476_50
|
In this paper we present a system that performs automatic gesture recognition. The system consists of two main components: (i) A unified technique for segmentation and tracking of face and hands using a skin detection algorithm along with handling occlusion between skin objects to keep track of the status of the occluded parts. This is realized by combining 3 useful features, namely, color, motion and position. (ii) A static and dynamic gesture recognition system. Static gesture recognition is achieved using a robust hand shape classification, based on PCA subspaces, that is invariant to scale along with small translation and rotation transformations. Combining hand shape classification with position information and using DHMMs allows us to accomplish dynamic gesture recognition
|
Real time hand gesture recognition including hand segmentation and tracking
|
real time hand gesture recognition including hand segmentation and tracking
|
performs automatic gesture recognition. unified segmentation tracking hands handling occlusion keep track occluded parts. realized combining position. gesture recognition system. gesture recognition robust subspaces translation transformations. combining dhmms accomplish gesture recognition
|
exact_dup
|
[
"147596228"
] |
11923685
|
10.1002/9780470015902.a0003443.pub2
|
Fitness plays many roles throughout evolutionary theory, from a measure of populations in the wild to a central element in abstract theoretical presentations of natural selection. It has thus been the subject of an extensive philosophical literature, which has primarily centered on the way to understand the relationship between fitness values and reproductive outcomes. If fitness is a probabilistic or statistical quantity, how is it to be defined in general theoretical contexts? How can it be measured? Can a single conceptual model for fitness be offered that applies in all biological cases, or must fitness measures be case-specific? Philosophers have explored these questions over the last several decades, largely in the context of an influential definition of fitness proposed in the late 1970s: the propensity interpretation. This interpretation as first described undeniably suffers from significant difficulties, and debate regarding the tenability of amendments and alternatives to it remains unsettled
|
Fitness: Philosophical Problems
|
fitness: philosophical problems
|
fitness plays roles evolutionary presentations selection. extensive philosophical primarily centered fitness reproductive outcomes. fitness probabilistic quantity contexts conceptual fitness offered applies fitness philosophers explored decades largely influential fitness propensity interpretation. undeniably suffers difficulties debate tenability amendments alternatives unsettled
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148349920"
] |
11994310
|
10.1016/j.engfracmech.2009.05.002
|
This paper presents a numerical procedure for fracture of brickwork masonry based on the strong discontinuity approach. The model is an extension of the cohesive model prepared by the authors for concrete, and takes into account the anisotropy of the material. A simple central-force model is used for the stress versus crack opening curve. The additional degrees of freedom defining the crack opening are determined at the crack level, thus avoiding the need of performing a static condensation at the element level. The need for a tracking algorithm is avoided by using a consistent procedure for the selection of the separated nodes. Such a model is then implemented into a commercial code by means of a user subroutine, consequently being contrasted with experimental results. Fracture properties of masonry are independently measured for two directions on the composed masonry, and then input in the numerical model. This numerical procedure accurately predicts the experimental mixed-mode fracture records for different orientations of the brick layers on masonry panels
|
An embedded cohesive crack model for finite element analysis of brickwork masonry fracture
|
an embedded cohesive crack model for finite element analysis of brickwork masonry fracture
|
presents fracture brickwork masonry discontinuity approach. cohesive concrete anisotropy material. crack opening curve. freedom defining crack opening crack avoiding performing condensation level. tracking avoided separated nodes. implemented commercial subroutine contrasted results. fracture masonry independently directions composed masonry model. accurately predicts fracture records orientations brick masonry panels
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148655595"
] |
11994873
|
10.1063/1.870290
|
We investigated experimentally the shape of the final size PDF(D) resulting from the breakup of an air bubble injected into the fully developed region of a high Reynolds number turbulent water jet. It is shown that the PDF(Dcirc) of the normalized bubble size Dcirc=D/D32, where D32 is the Sauter mean diameter of the distribution, has a universal single shape independent of the value of the turbulent kinetic energy of the water jet at the bubble injection point and of the air void fraction, α. The shape of the exponential tails characterizing each PDF(D) is shown to be only a function of the initial bubble size D0 and the critical bubble size Dc, defined as Dc=(1.46σ/ρ)3/5ɛ-2/5, where ɛ is the value of the dissipation rate of turbulent kinetic energy per unit mass at the air injection point
|
Bubble size distribution resulting from the breakup of an air cavity injected into a turbulent water jet
|
bubble size distribution resulting from the breakup of an air cavity injected into a turbulent water jet
|
experimentally breakup bubble injected reynolds turbulent jet. dcirc bubble dcirc sauter universal turbulent bubble injection void exponential tails characterizing bubble bubble dissipation turbulent injection
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148656169",
"148656171",
"11994872"
] |
11999999
|
10.1016/j.eneco.2011.07.005
|
The liberalization of electricity markets more than ten years ago in the vast majority of developed countries has introduced the need of modelling and forecasting electricity prices and volatilities, both in the short and long term.\ud
Thus, there is a need of providing methodology that is able to deal with the most important features of electricity price series, which are well known for presenting not only structure in conditional mean but also time-varying conditional variances.\ud
In this work we propose a new model, which allows to extract conditionally heteroskedastic common factors from the vector of electricity prices. These common factors are jointly estimated as well as their relationship with the original vector of series, and the dynamics affecting both their conditional mean and variance. The estimation of the model is carried out under the state-space formulation.\ud
The new model proposed is applied to extract seasonal common dynamic factors as well as common volatility factors for electricity prices and the estimation results are used to forecast electricity prices and their volatilities in the Spanish zone of the Iberian Market.\ud
Several simplified/alternative models are also considered as benchmarks to illustrate that the proposed approach is superior to all of them in terms of explanatory and predictive power
|
Forecasting Electricity Prices and their volatilities using Unobserved Components.
|
forecasting electricity prices and their volatilities using unobserved components.
|
liberalization electricity markets vast majority forecasting electricity prices volatilities term. methodology deal electricity presenting conditional conditional variances. propose extract conditionally heteroskedastic electricity prices. jointly affecting conditional variance. formulation. extract seasonal volatility electricity prices forecast electricity prices volatilities spanish iberian market. simplified benchmarks illustrate superior explanatory predictive
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148661353"
] |
12001202
|
10.1007/s00425-002-0868-4
|
An HPLC/GC–MS/MS technique (high-pressure liquid chromatography in combination with gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry) has been worked out to analyze indole-3-acetamide (IAM) with very high sensitivity, using isotopically labelled IAM as an internal standard. Using this technique, the occurrence of IAM in sterile-grown Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. was demonstrated unequivocally. In comparison, plants grown under non-sterile conditions in soil in a greenhouse showed approximately 50% higher average levels of IAM, but the differences were not statistically significant. Thus, microbial contributions to the IAM extracted from the tissue are likely to be minor. Levels of IAM in sterile-grown seedlings were highest in imbibed seeds and then sharply declined during the first 24 h of germination and further during early seedling development to remain below 20–30 pmol g–1 fresh weight throughout the rosette stage. The decline in indole-3-aetic acid (IAA) levels during germination was paralleled by a similar decline in IAM levels. Recombinant nitrilase isoforms 1, 2 and 3, known to synthesize IAA from indole-3-acetonitrile, were shown to produce significant amounts of IAM in vitro as a second end product of the reaction besides IAA. NIT2 was earlier shown to be highly expressed in developing and in mature A. thaliana embryos, and NIT3 is the dominantly active gene in the hypocotyl and the cotyledons of young, germinating seedlings. Collectively, these data suggest that the elevated levels of IAM in seeds and germinating seedlings result from nitrilase action on indole-3-acetonitrile, a metabolite produced in the plants presumably from glucobrassicin turnover
|
Occurrence and formation of indole-3-acetamide in Arabidopsis thaliana
|
occurrence and formation of indole-3-acetamide in arabidopsis thaliana
|
hplc gc–ms chromatography chromatography–tandem spectrometry worked analyze indole acetamide isotopically labelled standard. occurrence sterile grown arabidopsis thaliana heynh. unequivocally. grown sterile greenhouse statistically significant. microbial minor. sterile grown seedlings imbibed seeds sharply declined germination seedling pmol fresh rosette stage. decline indole aetic germination paralleled decline levels. recombinant nitrilase isoforms synthesize indole acetonitrile amounts besides iaa. mature thaliana embryos dominantly hypocotyl cotyledons germinating seedlings. collectively elevated seeds germinating seedlings nitrilase indole acetonitrile metabolite presumably glucobrassicin turnover
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148662514"
] |
12002027
|
10.1007/s00464-012-2513-z
|
INTRODUCTION: The EVA (Endoscopic Video Analysis) tracking system a new tracking system for extracting motions of laparoscopic instruments based on non-obtrusive video tracking was developed. The feasibility of using EVA in laparoscopic settings has been tested in a box trainer setup. \ud
METHODS: EVA makes use of an algorithm that employs information of the laparoscopic instrument's shaft edges in the image, the instrument's insertion point, and the camera's optical centre to track the 3D position of the instrument tip. A validation study of EVA comprised a comparison of the measurements achieved with EVA and the TrEndo tracking system. To this end, 42 participants (16 novices, 22 residents, and 4 experts) were asked to perform a peg transfer task in a box trainer. Ten motion-based metrics were used to assess their performance.\ud
RESULTS: Construct validation of the EVA has been obtained for seven motion-based metrics. Concurrent validation revealed that there is a strong correlation between the results obtained by EVA and the TrEndo for metrics such as path length (p=0,97), average speed (p=0,94) or economy of volume (p=0,85), proving the viability of EVA.\ud
CONCLUSIONS: EVA has been successfully used in the training setup showing potential of endoscopic video analysis to assess laparoscopic psychomotor skills. The results encourage further implementation of video tracking in training setups and in image guided surgery
|
EVA: Laparoscopic instrument tracking based on endoscopic video analysis for psychomotor skills assessment
|
eva: laparoscopic instrument tracking based on endoscopic video analysis for psychomotor skills assessment
|
endoscopic video tracking tracking extracting motions laparoscopic instruments obtrusive video tracking developed. feasibility laparoscopic settings trainer setup. employs laparoscopic instrument shaft instrument insertion camera track instrument tip. validation comprised trendo tracking system. novices residents experts asked trainer. metrics performance. validation seven metrics. concurrent validation trendo metrics economy proving viability eva. successfully setup endoscopic video laparoscopic psychomotor skills. encourage video tracking setups guided
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148663515"
] |
12017533
|
10.1007/978-3-540-89930-3_4
|
The objective of the present work is to use statistical data to identify territorial zones characterized by the correlation between urban access to services and quality of housing and the value of property ownership. While poverty is widely accepted to be an inherently multi-dimensional concept, it has proved very difficult to develop measures that both capture this multidimensionality and make comparisons over time and space easy. With this in mind, we attempt to apply a Total Fuzzy and Relative (TFR) approach, based on a fuzzy measure of the degree of association of an individual to the totality of the poor and an approach of semantic distance (Munda, 1995), based on the definition of a “fuzzy distance” as a discriminating reference to rank the availability to property in real estate market, as complement of urban poverty, in a specific case (the Italian City of Bari).
|
Identification of relationship between housing difficulty and property values in urban areas
|
identification of relationship between housing difficulty and property values in urban areas
|
territorial zones housing ownership. poverty widely inherently proved capture multidimensionality comparisons easy. mind attempt fuzzy fuzzy totality semantic munda “fuzzy distance” discriminating availability estate complement poverty italian city bari
|
exact_dup
|
[
"12017635"
] |
131079232
|
10.1007/s10680-016-9379-z
|
This paper investigates the associations between preferred family size of women in rural Bihar, India and the fertility behaviours of their mother and mother-in-law. Scheduled interviews of 440 pairs of married women aged 16–34 years and their mothers-in-law were conducted in 2011. Preferred family size is first measured by Coombs scale, allowing us to capture latent desired number of children and then categorized into three categories (low, medium and high). Women’s preferred family size is estimated using ordered logistic regression. We find that the family size preferences are not associated with mother’s fertility but with mother’s education. Mother-in-law’s desired number of grandchildren is positively associated with women’s preferred family size. However, when the woman has higher education than her mother-in-law, her preferred family size gets smaller, suggesting that education provides women with greater autonomy in their decision-making on childbearing
|
Like Mother(-in-Law) Like Daughter? Influence of the Older Generation’s Fertility Behaviours on Women’s Desired Family Size in Bihar, India
|
like mother(-in-law) like daughter? influence of the older generation’s fertility behaviours on women’s desired family size in bihar, india
|
investigates associations preferred rural bihar india fertility behaviours mother mother law. scheduled interviews married aged mothers preferred coombs allowing capture latent desired categorized categories women’s preferred ordered logistic regression. preferences mother’s fertility mother’s education. mother law’s desired grandchildren positively women’s preferred size. woman mother preferred gets autonomy childbearing
|
exact_dup
|
[
"33971972",
"52954197"
] |
132530453
|
10.1016/j.jaerosci.2017.10.004
|
We assessed the impact of the microphysical parameterization of natural and anthropogenic aerosols on simulated short-wave radiative effects due to Aerosol-Radiation Interaction (ARI). Layer radiative properties (optical depth, single scattering albedo and asymmetry factor) of dry mineral dust, organic carbon and a black carbon-sulfate mixture have been calculated with a T-matrix code in the short-wave spectral region, after perturbing relevant particle microphysical properties (size distribution, refractive index, mixing state). For each aerosol species, an idealized atmospheric layer and three events of increasing intensity have been set. Then, short-wave direct radiative effects (clear-sky) have been simulated at the top-of-atmosphere (TOA) and at surface (SFC) using the radiative transfer model RRTMG_SW (widely used in atmospheric models), separately for each aerosol species. We observed considerably variable impacts of the particle microphysical perturbations on the layer radiative properties for mineral dust and organic carbon, mainly due to the different sizes of the two species. For the black carbon-sulfate mixture, the single scattering albedo has been found to be much lower in the internal mixing case. Regarding the direct radiative effects, we observed perturbation-induced variability ranges (evaluated against the base net fluxes in absence of aerosols) always within the perturbation range set for the particle microphysical properties . This work, therefore, quantitatively demonstrates that small uncertainties on the aerosol microphysical parameterization propagate on the simulated direct radiative effects mainly with a loss of strength. Considerable perturbation-induced absolute variations of the direct radiative effects have been found (above all for large aerosol amounts), which could significantly affect the model assessments of the ARI radiative effects and therefore meteorological forecasts and climate predictions.This work has been funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [grant: CGL2013-46736-R] and by the\ud
ACTRIS Research Infrastructure Project of the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme [grant agreement:\ud
No. 654169]. Further support has been provided by the Severo Ochoa Program, awarded by the Spanish Government [grant:\ud
SEV-2011-00067]. Vincenzo Obiso is funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [‘FPI-SO’ grant: SVP-2013-\ud
067953].Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version
|
Aerosol-radiation interaction in atmospheric models: Idealized sensitivity study of simulated short-wave direct radiative effects to particle microphysical properties
|
aerosol-radiation interaction in atmospheric models: idealized sensitivity study of simulated short-wave direct radiative effects to particle microphysical properties
|
microphysical parameterization anthropogenic aerosols radiative aerosol radiative albedo asymmetry mineral sulfate mixture perturbing microphysical refractive aerosol idealized set. radiative atmosphere radiative rrtmg widely separately aerosol species. considerably impacts microphysical perturbations radiative mineral sizes species. sulfate mixture albedo case. radiative perturbation ranges fluxes aerosols perturbation microphysical quantitatively demonstrates aerosol microphysical parameterization propagate radiative strength. considerable perturbation radiative aerosol amounts assessments radiative meteorological forecasts predictions.this funded spanish ministry economy competitiveness actris infrastructure union horizon innovation programme severo ochoa awarded spanish vincenzo obiso funded spanish ministry economy competitiveness ‘fpi .peer reviewedpostprint
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148622652"
] |
141690456
|
10.1073/pnas.1713691114
|
Proliferative kidney disease (PKD) is a major threat to wild and farmed salmonid populations because of its lethal effect at high water temperatures. Its causative agent, the myxozoan Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae, has a complex lifecycle exploiting freshwater bryozoans as primary hosts and salmonids as secondary hosts. We carried out an integrated study of PKD in a prealpine Swiss river (the Wigger). During a 3-year period, data on fish abundance, disease prevalence, concentration of primary hostsâ\u80\u99 DNA in environmental samples [environmental DNA (eDNA)], hydrological variables, and water temperatures gathered at various locations within the catchment were integrated into a newly developed metacommunity model, which includes ecological and epidemiological dynamics of fish and bryozoans, connectivity effects, and hydrothermal drivers. Infection dynamics were captured well by the epidemiological model, especially with regard to the spatial prevalence patterns. PKD prevalence in the sampled sites for both young-of-the-year (YOY) and adult brown trout attained 100% at the end of summer, while seasonal population decay was higher in YOY than in adults. We introduce a method based on decay distance of eDNA signal predicting local speciesâ\u80\u99 density, accounting for variation in environmental drivers (such as morphology and geology). The model provides a whole-network overview of the disease prevalence. In this study, we show how spatial and environmental characteristics of river networks can be used to study epidemiology and disease dynamics of waterborne diseases
|
Integrated field, laboratory, and theoretical study of PKD spread in a Swiss prealpine river
|
integrated field, laboratory, and theoretical study of pkd spread in a swiss prealpine river
|
proliferative kidney threat farmed salmonid lethal temperatures. causative agent myxozoan tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae lifecycle exploiting freshwater bryozoans hosts salmonids hosts. prealpine swiss river wigger fish abundance prevalence hostsâ edna hydrological gathered locations catchment newly metacommunity ecological epidemiological fish bryozoans connectivity hydrothermal drivers. captured epidemiological regard prevalence patterns. prevalence sampled brown trout attained summer seasonal adults. edna predicting speciesâ accounting drivers morphology geology overview prevalence. river epidemiology waterborne
|
exact_dup
|
[
"141690629"
] |
144013158
|
10.1002/iroh.200510821
|
This study tests if the coarse particulate organic matter (CPOM) mass was related to the invertebrate community structure in riffles and sandy pools of a fourth-order reach of a stream after partialling out the effects of physical characteristics of the sampled patches. Diversity and structure of the assemblages differed between habitats. In both, CPOM mass was positively correlated with total density and with all functional feeding groups excepting filterers. Redundancy analyses and variance partitioning procedures indicated that (1) CPOM stocks influenced the assemblage structure in both habitats, and (2) most of those effects were unrelated to sampling date and measured physical characteristics (water depth in sandy pools, Froude number and substrate composition in riffles) of the patches. (© 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/iroh.20051082
|
Influence of Detritus on the Structure of the Invertebrate Community in a Small Portuguese Stream
|
influence of detritus on the structure of the invertebrate community in a small portuguese stream
|
coarse particulate cpom invertebrate riffles sandy pools fourth stream partialling sampled patches. diversity assemblages differed habitats. cpom positively feeding excepting filterers. redundancy partitioning cpom stocks influenced assemblage habitats unrelated sandy pools froude riffles patches. wiley verlag gmbh kgaa weinheim iroh.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"19125638"
] |
144013767
|
10.1007/s10334-006-0066-7
|
Abstract A new iron-based T 1 contrast agent consisting of a complex of iron ions coordinated to phosphate and amine ligands (Fe(phos) in short) has been characterized by spectroscopic and magnetic measurements. NMR relaxation studies showed r 1 values to be dependent on the phosphate salt concentration, K2HPO4, present in the medium. r 1 reaches a maximum value of 2.5 mM-1 s-1 for measurements carried out at 7 T and 298 K. 31P MRS, Mssbauer spectroscopy and magnetic measurements of Fe(phos) solutions suggest paramagnetic Fe3+ ions present in the studied iron–phosphate complex. In vitro and in vivo toxicity experiments with C6 cells and CD1 mice, respectively, demonstrated lack of toxicity for Fe(phos) at the highest dose tested in the MRI experiments (12 mM iron for C6 cells and 0.32 mmol iron/kg for mice). Finally, T 1 weighted images of brain tumours in mice have shown positive contrast enhancement of Fe(phos) for tumour afflicted regions in the brain.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10334-006-0066-
|
An iron-based T1 contrast agent made of iron-phosphate complexes: In vitro and in vivo studies
|
an iron-based t1 contrast agent made of iron-phosphate complexes: in vitro and in vivo studies
|
iron agent consisting iron coordinated phosphate amine ligands phos spectroscopic measurements. relaxation phosphate salt medium. reaches mssbauer spectroscopy phos paramagnetic iron–phosphate complex. toxicity toxicity phos iron mmol iron weighted tumours enhancement phos tumour afflicted brain.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"19125958"
] |
144014149
|
10.1007/s00606-007-0585-3
|
Abstract To better understand the relationships within the Asteroideae and Inuleae, the structure of the pollen exine was investigated in seven genera and nine species of the subtribe Inulinae using LM, TEM and SEM. All taxa have a senecioid pattern of exine. The tectal complex consists of three main layers that differ in thickness and morphology: a tectum, a columellar layer, and a layer consisting of the basal region of the columellae. The absence or the vestigial condition of the foramina is considered as a plesiomorphy within the Asteroideae. All taxa have a complex apertural system that consists of an ecto-, a meso-, and an endoaperture. These apertures intersect respectively the tectal complex, the foot layer and the upper part of the endexine, and the inner layer of the endexine. A continuous transition among the different species of Inulinae was found for all the quantitative characters examined. This relative homogeneity of the pollen morphological characters enhances the naturality of the subtribe Inulinae.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00606-007-0585-
|
A contribution to the ultrastructural knowledge of the pollen exine in subtribe Inulinae (Inuleae, Asteraceae)
|
a contribution to the ultrastructural knowledge of the pollen exine in subtribe inulinae (inuleae, asteraceae)
|
asteroideae inuleae pollen exine seven genera nine subtribe inulinae sem. taxa senecioid exine. tectal morphology tectum columellar consisting basal columellae. vestigial foramina plesiomorphy asteroideae. taxa apertural ecto meso endoaperture. apertures intersect tectal foot endexine endexine. inulinae characters examined. homogeneity pollen morphological characters enhances naturality subtribe inulinae.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"19126191"
] |
146099955
|
10.1103/PhysRevC.94.024324
|
7 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. CInternational audienceIt is pointed out that the ground state of $n$ neutrons and $n$ protons in a single-$j$ shell,interacting through an isoscalar ($T=0$) pairing force, is not paired, $J=0$, but rather spin-aligned, $J=n$.This observation is explained in the context of a model of isoscalar $P$ ($J=1$) pairs,which is mapped onto a system of $p$ bosons, leading to an approximate analytic solutionof the isoscalar-pairing limit in $jj$ coupling
|
Properties of isoscalar-pair condensates
|
properties of isoscalar-pair condensates
|
pages publication phys. rev. cinternational audienceit pointed neutrons protons interacting isoscalar pairing paired aligned .this isoscalar mapped bosons approximate analytic solutionof isoscalar pairing
|
exact_dup
|
[
"46753526",
"52670643"
] |
148653305
|
10.1016/j.sigpro.2007.12.006
|
In this work, two ECG compression schemes are presented using two types of filter banks to decompose the incoming signal: wavelet packets (WP) and nearly-perfect reconstruction cosine modulated filter banks. The conventional embedded zerotree wavelet (EZW) algorithm takes advantage of the hierarchical relationship among subband coefficients of the pyramidal wavelet decomposition. Nevertheless, it performs worse when used with WP as the hierarchy becomes more complex. In order to address this problem, we propose a new technique that considers no relationship among coefficients, and is therefore suitable for use with WP. Furthermore, this new approximation makes it possible to apply the quantization method toM-channel maximally decimated filter banks. In this fashion, the proposed algorithm provides two efficient and effective ECG compressors that show better ECG compression performance than the conventional EZW algorithm
|
Embedded filter bank-based algorithm for ECG compression
|
embedded filter bank-based algorithm for ecg compression
|
compression schemes filter banks decompose incoming wavelet packets nearly perfect reconstruction cosine modulated filter banks. embedded zerotree wavelet advantage hierarchical subband pyramidal wavelet decomposition. nevertheless performs worse hierarchy complex. propose considers quantization maximally decimated filter banks. fashion compressors compression
|
exact_dup
|
[
"11991918"
] |
148653632
|
10.1088/0022-3727/41/15/155102
|
The characteristic temperatures of the threshold current density, T0, and external differential quantum efficiency, T1, of a series of (Ga,In)(N,As)/GaAs quantum well (QW) laser diodes are measured in the wavelength range from 1 to 1.5μm. It is found that both T0 and T1 strongly decrease with increasing lasing wavelength. The origin of this degradation is shown to be, in the case of T0, mostly dominated by a decrease in the transparency current density characteristic temperature, an increase in the optical losses and a decrease in the modal gain. The degradation of T1 is mainly due to the increase in the optical losses. The effective carrier recombination lifetime in the QW is shown to decrease from 1.2 to 0.2 ns with N content up to 2%, in good agreement with previous reports that link this low lifetime to non-radiative monomolecular recombination through defects in the QW. Carrier leakage is ruled out as the dominant process degrading T0 and T1 on the basis of the temperature dependence of the effective carrier recombination lifetime
|
Analysis of the characteristic temperatures of (Ga,In)(N,As)/GaAs laser diodes
|
analysis of the characteristic temperatures of (ga,in)(n,as)/gaas laser diodes
|
gaas diodes lasing wavelength. degradation mostly dominated transparency losses modal gain. degradation losses. carrier recombination lifetime lifetime radiative monomolecular recombination defects carrier leakage ruled degrading carrier recombination lifetime
|
exact_dup
|
[
"11992250"
] |
148655482
|
10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2008.11.007
|
Current studies on Digital Rights Management (DRM) have focused on controlling access to and copies of contents, centered exclusively on the end of the value chain (end users). This focus has been oriented towards security and encryption as a means of solving the issue of illegal copying by purchasers. In this paper, we propose End-to-End Digital Rights Management (E2E DRM) that involves the protection of the content throughout the entire value chain. This concept is given form in the new technologies for representing intellectual property (IP) which, in a secure and unequivocal manner, identify the content at each point in the value chain: from the author to the end user, the content is identifiable in any of the transactions and statuses through which it passes. The key concept which E2E DRM must provide is not only the governability of access and copying, but also that of all the processes associated with the content business. We establish an E2E DRM model and architecture, and propose the R&D management of its design and implementation that makes it possible to protect content from content creator to purchaser. Finally, the paper also analyzes their impact from a global perspective
|
Design and development challenges for an E2E DRM content business integration platform
|
design and development challenges for an e2e drm content business integration platform
|
digital rights focused controlling copies contents centered exclusively oriented security encryption solving illegal copying purchasers. propose digital rights involves protection chain. technologies representing intellectual secure unequivocal manner identifiable transactions statuses passes. governability copying business. establish architecture propose protect creator purchaser. analyzes perspective
|
exact_dup
|
[
"11994180"
] |
148656143
|
10.1016/0167-4838(86)90201-3
|
The N-terminal amino acid sequence of four members of the trypsin/α-amylase inhibitor family in wheat, CM1, CM2, CM16 and CM17, has been investigated for 27–29 cycles by automated sequencing procedure. None of the proteins showed inhibitory activity against trypsin or α-amylases from different sources. The N-terminal sequences of these four proteins present a high degree of homology to each other as well as to those reported for other members of the same family in wheat and barley. Such homology is higher between a given protein and a second one associated with a different genome than between that protein and any other encoded in the same genome, indicating that most of the dispersion of the corresponding multi-gene family over several chromosomes took place before the wheat/barley evolutionary branching-ou
|
Evolutionary implications of sequential homologies among members of the trypsin/a-amylase inhibitors family (CM-proteins) in wheat and barley
|
evolutionary implications of sequential homologies among members of the trypsin/a-amylase inhibitors family (cm-proteins) in wheat and barley
|
trypsin amylase inhibitor wheat cycles automated sequencing procedure. none inhibitory trypsin amylases sources. homology wheat barley. homology encoded chromosomes took wheat barley evolutionary branching
|
exact_dup
|
[
"11994847"
] |
148657170
|
10.1088/0031-9155/56/1/016
|
onte Carlo-based modelling is a powerful tool to help in the design and optimization of positron emission tomography (PET) systems. The performance of these systems depends on several parameters, such as detector physical characteristics, shielding or electronics, whose effects can be studied on the basis of realistic simulated data. The aim of this paper is to validate a comprehensive study of the Raytest ClearPET small-animal PET scanner using a new Monte Carlo simulation platform which has been developed at CIEMAT (Madrid, Spain), called GAMOS (GEANT4-based Architecture for Medicine-Oriented Simulations). This toolkit, based on the GEANT4 code, was originally designed to cover multiple applications in the field of medical physics from radiotherapy to nuclear medicine, but has since been applied by some of its users in other fields of physics, such as neutron shielding, space physics, high energy physics, etc. Our simulation model includes the relevant characteristics of the ClearPET system, namely, the double layer of scintillator crystals in phoswich configuration, the rotating gantry, the presence of intrinsic radioactivity in the crystals or the storage of single events for an off-line coincidence sorting. Simulated results are contrasted with experimental acquisitions including studies of spatial resolution, sensitivity, scatter fraction and count rates in accordance with the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) NU 4-2008 protocol. Spatial resolution results showed a discrepancy between simulated and measured values equal to 8.4% (with a maximum FWHM difference over all measurement directions of 0.5 mm). Sensitivity results differ less than 1% for a 250–750 keV energy window. Simulated and measured count rates agree well within a wide range of activities, including under electronic saturation of the system (the measured peak of total coincidences, for the mouse-sized phantom, was 250.8 kcps reached at 0.95 MBq mL−1 and the simulated peak was 247.1 kcps at 0.87 MBq mL−1). Agreement better than 3% was obtained in the scatter fraction comparison study. We also measured and simulated a mini-Derenzo phantom obtaining images with similar quality using iterative reconstruction methods. We concluded that the overall performance of the simulation showed good agreement with the measured results and validates the GAMOS package for PET applications. Furthermore, its ease of use and flexibility recommends it as an excellent tool to optimize design features or image reconstruction techniques
|
Validation of a small-animal PET simulation using GAMOS: a Geant4-based framework
|
validation of a small-animal pet simulation using gamos: a geant4-based framework
|
onte carlo powerful positron tomography systems. shielding electronics realistic data. validate comprehensive raytest clearpet scanner monte carlo platform ciemat madrid spain gamos geant architecture oriented toolkit geant originally cover radiotherapy neutron shielding etc. clearpet scintillator crystals phoswich rotating gantry intrinsic radioactivity crystals storage coincidence sorting. contrasted acquisitions scatter count accordance electrical manufacturers nema protocol. discrepancy fwhm directions window. count agree saturation coincidences sized phantom kcps reached kcps scatter study. mini derenzo phantom obtaining iterative reconstruction methods. concluded validates gamos package applications. ease flexibility recommends excellent optimize reconstruction
|
exact_dup
|
[
"11995769"
] |
148658489
|
10.1016/j.fusengdes.2011.03.030
|
A conceptual design of a DEMO fusion reactor is being developed under the Spanish Breeding Blanket Technology Programme: TECNO_FUS based on a He/LiPb dual coolant blanket as reference design option. The following issues have been analyzed to address the demonstration of the neutronic reliability of this conceptual blanket design: power amplification capacity of the blanket, tritium breeding capability for fuel self-sufficiency, power deposition due to nuclear heating in superconducting coils and material damage (dpa, gas production) to estimate the operational life of the steel-made structural components in the blanket and vacuum vessel (VV). In order to optimize the shielding of the coils different combinations of water and steel have been considered for the gap of the VV. The used neutron source is based on an axi-symmetric 2D fusion reaction profile for the given plasma equilibrium configuration. MCNPX has been used for transport calculations and ACAB has been used to handle gas production and damage energy cross sections
|
Neutronic analysis of a dual He/LiPb coolant breeding blanket for DEMO
|
neutronic analysis of a dual he/lipb coolant breeding blanket for demo
|
conceptual demo fusion reactor spanish breeding blanket programme tecno lipb coolant blanket option. demonstration neutronic reliability conceptual blanket amplification blanket tritium breeding capability fuel sufficiency deposition heating superconducting coils operational steel blanket vessel optimize shielding coils combinations steel neutron fusion configuration. mcnpx acab handle
|
exact_dup
|
[
"11997171"
] |
148660294
|
10.1016/j.adt.2010.08.002
|
Transitionprobabilities and oscillatorstrengths of 176 spectral lines with astrophysical interest arising from 5d10ns (n = 7,8), 5d10np (n = 6,7), 5d10nd (n = 6,7), 5d105f, 5d105g, 5d10nh (n = 6,7,8), 5d96s2, and 5d96s6p configurations, and radiativelifetimes for 43 levels of PbIV, have been calculated. These values were obtained in intermediate coupling (IC) and using relativistic Hartree–Fock calculations including core-polarization effects. For the IC calculations, we use the standard method of least-square fitting from experimental energy levels by means of the Cowan computer code. The inclusion in these calculations of the 5d107p and 5d105f configurations has facilitated a complete assignment of the energy levels in the PbIV. Transitionprobabilities, oscillatorstrengths, and radiativelifetimes obtained are generally in good agreement with the experimental data
|
Theoretical Transition Probabilities, Oscillator Strengths and Radiative Lifetimes Of Levels In Pb IV
|
theoretical transition probabilities, oscillator strengths and radiative lifetimes of levels in pb iv
|
transitionprobabilities oscillatorstrengths astrophysical arising configurations radiativelifetimes pbiv calculated. relativistic hartree–fock effects. fitting cowan code. inclusion configurations facilitated assignment pbiv. transitionprobabilities oscillatorstrengths radiativelifetimes
|
exact_dup
|
[
"11998889"
] |
148660377
|
10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.10.021
|
A modified version of the concentration-dependent model (CDM) potential (A. Caro et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 95 (2005) 075702) [1] has been developed to study defects in Fe–Cr for different Crconcentrations. A comparison between this new potential and DFT results for a variety of point defect configurations is performed in order to test its reliability for radiation damage studies. The effect of Crconcentration on the vacancyformationenergy in Fe–Cr alloys is analyzed in detail. This study shows a linear dependence of the vacancyformationenergy on Crconcentration for values above 6% of Cr. However, the formationenergy deviates from the linear interpolation in the region below 6% Crconcentration. In order to understand this behavior, the influence of the relative positions between Cr atoms and vacant sites on the vacancyformationenergy has been studied
|
Formation energy of vacancies in FeCr alloys: Dependence on Cr concentration
|
formation energy of vacancies in fecr alloys: dependence on cr concentration
|
caro phys. rev. lett. defects fe–cr crconcentrations. defect configurations reliability studies. crconcentration vacancyformationenergy fe–cr alloys detail. vacancyformationenergy crconcentration formationenergy deviates interpolation crconcentration. vacant vacancyformationenergy
|
exact_dup
|
[
"11998960"
] |
148662402
|
10.1016/j.compag.2010.12.011
|
This paper presents a computer vision system that successfully discriminates between weed patches and crop rows under uncontrolled lighting in real-time. The system consists of two independent subsystems, a fast image processing delivering results in real-time (Fast Image Processing, FIP), and a slower and more accurate processing (Robust Crop Row Detection, RCRD) that is used to correct the first subsystem's mistakes. This combination produces a system that achieves very good results under a wide variety of conditions. Tested on several maize videos taken of different fields and during different years, the system successfully detects an average of 95% of weeds and 80% of crops under different illumination, soil humidity and weed/crop growth conditions. Moreover, the system has been shown to produce acceptable results even under very difficult conditions, such as in the presence of dramatic sowing errors or abrupt camera movements. The computer vision system has been developed for integration into a treatment system because the ideal setup for any weed sprayer system would include a tool that could provide information on the weeds and crops present at each point in real-time, while the tractor mounting the spraying bar is movin
|
Real-time image processing for crop/weed discrimination in maize fields
|
real-time image processing for crop/weed discrimination in maize fields
|
presents vision successfully discriminates weed patches crop rows uncontrolled lighting time. subsystems delivering slower robust crop rcrd subsystem mistakes. produces achieves conditions. maize videos successfully detects weeds crops illumination humidity weed crop conditions. acceptable dramatic sowing abrupt camera movements. vision ideal setup weed sprayer weeds crops tractor mounting spraying movin
|
exact_dup
|
[
"12001088"
] |
148662497
|
10.1016/j.solmat.2010.07.029
|
This paper presents a simple mathematical model to estimate shading losses on PV arrays. The model is applied directly to power calculations, without the need to consider the whole current–voltage curve. This allows the model to be used with common yield estimation software. The model takes into account both the shaded fraction of the array area and the number of blocks (a group of solar cells protected by a bypass diode) affected by shade. The results of an experimental testing campaign on several shaded PV arrays to check the validity of model are also reported
|
Experimental model to estimate shading losses on PV arrays
|
experimental model to estimate shading losses on pv arrays
|
presents mathematical shading losses arrays. current–voltage curve. software. shaded array blocks protected bypass diode shade. campaign shaded arrays check validity
|
exact_dup
|
[
"12001181"
] |
148673661
|
10.1016/j.rser.2013.12.019
|
Building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems are a relevant application of photovoltaics. In countries belonging to the International Energy Agency countries, 24% of total installed PV power corresponds to BIPV systems. Electricity losses caused by shadows over the PV generator have a significant impact on the performance of BIPV systems, being the major source of electricity losses. This paper presents a methodology to estimate electricity produced by BIPV systems which incorporates a model for shading losses. The proposed methodology has been validated on a one year study with real data from two similar PV systems placed on the south façade of a building belonging to the Technical University of Madrid. This study has covered all weather conditions: clear, partially overcast and fully overcast sky. Results of this study are shown at different time scales, resulting that the errors committed by the best performing model are below 1% and 3% in annual and daily electricity estimation. The use of models which account for the reduced performance at low irradiance levels also improves the estimation of generated electricity
|
Methodology for estimating building integrated photovoltaics electricity production under shadowing conditions and case study
|
methodology for estimating building integrated photovoltaics electricity production under shadowing conditions and case study
|
photovoltaic bipv photovoltaics. belonging agency installed bipv systems. electricity losses shadows generator bipv electricity losses. presents methodology electricity bipv incorporates shading losses. methodology validated placed façade belonging madrid. covered weather partially overcast overcast sky. committed performing electricity estimation. irradiance improves electricity
|
exact_dup
|
[
"33175886"
] |
148679360
|
10.1016/j.ijome.2015.06.001
|
This paper presents analytical bounds for blade–wake interaction phenomenona occurring in rotating cross-flow turbines for wind and tidal energy generation (e.g. H rotors, Darrieus or vertical axis). Limiting cases are derived for one bladed turbines and extended to the more common three bladed configuration. Additionally, we present a classification of the blade–wake type of interactions in terms of limiting tip speed ratios. These bounds are validated using a high order h=p Discontinuous Galerkin solver with sliding meshes. This computational method enables highly accurate flow solutions and shows that the analytical bounds correspond to limiting blade-wake interactions in fully resolved flow simulation
|
Blade-wake interactions in cross-flow turbines
|
blade-wake interactions in cross-flow turbines
|
presents bounds blade–wake phenomenona occurring rotating turbines tidal e.g. rotors darrieus limiting bladed turbines bladed configuration. additionally blade–wake limiting ratios. bounds validated discontinuous galerkin solver sliding meshes. enables bounds limiting blade wake resolved
|
exact_dup
|
[
"78495713"
] |
148680820
|
10.1016/j.proci.2014.08.018
|
The present paper deals with the description of the interacting multiscale processes governing spray vaporization and combustion downstream from the near-injector atomization region in liquid-fueled burners. One of the main objectives is to emphasize the progress made in the mathematical description and understanding of reactive spray flows by incorporation of rationally derived simplifications based on the disparity of length and time scales present in the problem. In particular, we aim to show how the disparity of the scales that correspond – with increasing values of their orders of magnitude – to the droplet size, interdroplet spacing, and width of the spray jets, ensures the validity of their homogenized description. The two-way coupling associated with exchanges of mass, momentum, and energy between the gas and the liquid phases is dominated by the homogenized exchanges with the gas provided collectively by the droplets, and not by the direct interaction between neighboring droplets. The formulation is used as a basis to address nonpremixed spray diffusion flames in the Burke-Schumann limit of infinitely fast chemical reactions, with the conservation equations written in terms of chemistry-free coupling functions that allow for general nonunity Lewis numbers of the fuel vapor. Laminar canonical problems that have been used in the past to shed light on different aspects of spray-combustion phenomena are also discussed, including spherical spray clouds and structures of counterflow spray flames in mixing layers. The presentation ends with a brief account of some open problems and modeling challenges
|
The role of separation of scales in the description of spray combustion
|
the role of separation of scales in the description of spray combustion
|
deals interacting multiscale governing spray vaporization combustion downstream injector atomization fueled burners. objectives emphasize progress mathematical reactive spray flows incorporation rationally simplifications disparity problem. disparity orders droplet interdroplet spacing spray jets ensures validity homogenized description. exchanges dominated homogenized exchanges collectively droplets neighboring droplets. formulation nonpremixed spray flames burke schumann infinitely conservation nonunity lewis fuel vapor. laminar canonical shed spray combustion phenomena spherical spray clouds counterflow spray flames layers. presentation ends brief challenges
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exact_dup
|
[
"78495756"
] |
148684778
|
10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.06.055
|
The decrease in concrete resistance and the expansion generated in reinforced concrete structures by direct exposure to fire at 400 degrees C maximum temperature serves as the basis for the present research. The aim is to improve these problems by the addition of steel fibers or of polypropylene fibers in concrete. From the results analysis of compression fracture tests on cylindrical concrete specimens, it can be concluded that concrete with addition of polypropylene fibers or steel fibers are a good alternative to traditional concrete, because both its strength, and its behavior in case of fire are improved, delaying the appearance of fissures and explosive concrete spalling
|
Analysis of fire resistance of concrete with polypropylene or steel fibers
|
analysis of fire resistance of concrete with polypropylene or steel fibers
|
concrete reinforced concrete fire serves research. steel fibers polypropylene fibers concrete. compression fracture cylindrical concrete specimens concluded concrete polypropylene fibers steel fibers traditional concrete fire delaying appearance fissures explosive concrete spalling
|
exact_dup
|
[
"78497132"
] |
151437814
|
10.1063/1.4897101
|
8-year and 4-year long velocity time series records from the equatorial Indian Ocean successfully captured, for the first time, complete evolution of subsurface currents associated with three consecutive Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events in 2006 –2008. It is found that strong eastward subsurface zonal currents in the layer between about 90 m and 150 m were observed, which were opposite to the normal conditions. Vertical structure of the zonal currents resembles that of the typical zonal currents in the equatorial Pacific with an eastward subsurface current lies beneath the surface westward currents. This vertical structure of the zonal currents was associated with anomalous easterly winds along the equatorial Indian Ocean during the maturing phase of the IOD events. In addition, subsurface temperature structures obtained from RAMA buoy network show negative temperature anomalies preceded the surface temperature evolution associated with the IOD events. The negative subsurface temperature anomaly lasted for several months before it changes into positive anomaly as the IOD terminated. The surface temperature structure indicated by the Dipole Mode Index (DMI) revealed that the 2006 IOD was a strong event, while the 2007 and 2008 events were weaker and short-lived events. The evolution of the IOD events were linked to the dynamics of oceanic equatorial wave. It is found that upwelling equatorial Kelvin waves forced by anomalous easterly wind stress play an important role in generating cooling tendency during the development and maturing phase of the IOD events. The demise of the IOD events, on the other hand, was linked to eastern-boundary-reflected Rossby waves that terminated the cooling tendency in the eastern Indian Ocean induced by the wind-forced Kelvin waves. Weakening of the zonal heat advection, then, provided a favor condition for the surface heat flux to warm the sea surface temperature in the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean
|
Surface and Subsurface Oceanic Variability Observed in the Eastern Equatorial Indian Ocean During Three Consecutive Indian Ocean Dipole Events: 2006-2008
|
surface and subsurface oceanic variability observed in the eastern equatorial indian ocean during three consecutive indian ocean dipole events: 2006-2008
|
records equatorial indian ocean successfully captured subsurface currents consecutive indian ocean dipole eastward subsurface zonal currents opposite conditions. zonal currents resembles zonal currents equatorial pacific eastward subsurface lies beneath westward currents. zonal currents anomalous easterly winds equatorial indian ocean maturing events. subsurface rama buoy anomalies preceded events. subsurface anomaly lasted anomaly terminated. dipole weaker lived events. oceanic equatorial wave. upwelling equatorial kelvin forced anomalous easterly generating cooling tendency maturing events. demise eastern reflected rossby terminated cooling tendency eastern indian ocean forced kelvin waves. weakening zonal advection favor warm eastern equatorial indian ocean
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48594042"
] |
152194892
|
10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.10.050
|
To establish the radiobiologic parameters of head-and-neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) in response to ion irradiation with various linear energy transfer (LET) values and to evaluate the relevance of the local effect model (LEM) in HNSCC. Methods and Materials Cell survival curves were established in radiosensitive SCC61 and radioresistant SQ20B cell lines irradiated with [33.6 and 184 keV/n] carbon, [302 keV/n] argon, and X-rays. The results of ion experiments were confronted to LEM predictions. Results The relative biologic efficiency ranged from 1.5 to 4.2 for SCC61 and 2.1 to 2.8 for SQ20B cells. Fixing an arbitrary D0 parameter, which characterized survival to X-ray at high doses (>10 Gy), gave unsatisfying LEM predictions for both cell lines. For D0 = 10 Gy, the error on survival fraction at 2 Gy amounted to a factor of 10 for [184 keV/n] carbon in SCC61 cells. We showed that the slope (smax) of the survival curve at high doses was much more reliable than D0. Fitting smax to 2.5 Gy−1 gave better predictions for both cell lines. Nevertheless, LEM could not predict the responses to fast and slow ions with the same accuracy. Conclusions The LEM could predict the main trends of these experimental data with correct orders of magnitude while smax was optimized. Thus the efficiency of carbon ions cannot be simply extracted from the clinical response of a patient to X-rays. LEM should help to optimize planning for hadrontherapy if a set of experimental data is available for high-LET radiations in various types of tumors
|
Radiobiologic Parameters and Local Effect Model Predictions for Head-and-Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas Exposed to High Linear Energy Transfer Ions
|
radiobiologic parameters and local effect model predictions for head-and-neck squamous cell carcinomas exposed to high linear energy transfer ions
|
establish radiobiologic neck squamous carcinomas hnscc irradiation relevance hnscc. radiosensitive radioresistant irradiated argon rays. confronted predictions. biologic ranged cells. fixing doses gave unsatisfying lines. amounted cells. smax doses reliable fitting smax gave lines. nevertheless predict slow accuracy. predict orders smax optimized. rays. optimize planning hadrontherapy radiations tumors
|
exact_dup
|
[
"46773933",
"52699638"
] |
154669980
|
10.1080/1600910X.2013.870083
|
The new, decentralized, anonymous digital currency Bitcoin has in less than three years gone from a proof-of-concept to being traded for about €78 million on a daily basis. Its ascendancy offers up a puzzle for financial regulators and other law enforcers worldwide, while also promising to fulfill the political visions of a group of market-anarchist cryptographers. While it is still a very small economy in absolute terms, Bitcoin also poses some interesting challenges to traditional economic institutions, and is thus an interesting case for economic sociology. Using the notion of material embeddedness, this paper examines the possible implications of a further propagation of Bitcoin. If the currency proves a success, this will have ramifications for a large number of economic institutions, such as the possibility of taxation of untraceable money, the credit economy and interest rates, and international currency control.© 2014 Taylor & Francis. This is the authors’ accepted and refereed manuscript to the article
|
Do libertarians dream of electric coins? The material embeddedness of Bitcoin
|
do libertarians dream of electric coins? the material embeddedness of bitcoin
|
decentralized anonymous digital currency bitcoin gone traded million basis. ascendancy offers puzzle regulators enforcers worldwide promising fulfill visions anarchist cryptographers. economy bitcoin poses challenges traditional institutions sociology. notion embeddedness examines propagation bitcoin. currency proves success ramifications institutions taxation untraceable money credit economy currency control.© taylor francis. authors’ refereed
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52131134"
] |
154672412
|
10.1080/0013838X.2014.924275
|
This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in English Studies in July 2014, available online: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0013838X.2014.924275This paper establishes that spelling forms collected from initial position in the Middle English verse line have unique characteristics, and it discusses why this is so. The paper first addresses scribal copying practices, before describing the utility of letter-based N-gram models in objectively comparing scribal copies in terms of their spelling. Testing of models trained on a corpus totalling ten manuscripts demonstrates that initial position regularly prompted scribes to suppress their tendency to introduce their own spelling forms in favour of replicating those encountered in their exemplars. The discussion attributes this behaviour to the operation of two mechanisms. One mechanism is psycholinguistic in origin, while the other is rooted in manuscripts’ production and so implies a codicological dimension to spelling variation
|
Initial position in the Middle English verse line
|
initial position in the middle english verse line
|
taylor francis english establishes spelling english verse discusses addresses scribal copying practices describing utility letter gram objectively scribal copies spelling. trained corpus totalling manuscripts demonstrates regularly prompted scribes suppress tendency spelling favour replicating encountered exemplars. attributes mechanisms. psycholinguistic rooted manuscripts’ codicological spelling
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52133590"
] |
155272261
|
10.1007/978-3-642-35728-2_7
|
Content-based video retrieval systems have been widely associated with desktop environments that are largely complex in nature, targeting expert users and often require complex queries. Due to this complexity, interaction with these systems can be a challenge for regular ”novice” users. In recent years, a shift can be observed from this traditional desktop environment to that of handheld devices, which requires a different approach to interacting with the user. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of a handheld content-based video retrieval system on both expert and novice users. We show that with this type of device, a simple and intuitive interface, which incorporates the principles of content-based systems, though hidden from the user, attains the same accuracy for both novice and desktop users when faced with complex information retrieval tasks. We describe an experiment which utilises the Apple iPad as our handheld medium in which both a group of experts and novice users run the interactive experiments from the 2010 TRECVid Known-Item Search task. The results indicate that a carefully defined interface can equalise the performance of both novice and expert users
|
Evaluating novice and expert users on handheld video retrieval systems
|
evaluating novice and expert users on handheld video retrieval systems
|
video retrieval widely desktop environments largely targeting expert queries. challenge ”novice” users. traditional desktop handheld devices interacting user. handheld video retrieval expert novice users. intuitive incorporates principles hidden attains novice desktop faced retrieval tasks. utilises apple ipad handheld experts novice interactive trecvid item task. carefully equalise novice expert
|
exact_dup
|
[
"155660144"
] |
157868089
|
10.1007/s11229-017-1672-9
|
Duncan Pritchard argues that a feature that sets understanding-why apart from knowledge-why is that whereas (I) understanding-why is a kind of cognitive achievement in a strong sense, (II) knowledge-why is not such a kind. I argue that (I) is false and that (II) is true. (I) is false because understanding-why featuring rudimentary explanations and understanding-why concerning very simple causal connections are not cognitive achievements in a strong sense. Knowledge-why is not a kind of cognitive achievement in a strong sense for the same reason knowledge-that is not. The latter thesis requires showing that having (p because q) information is not equivalent to having information about facts or principles that establish the explanatory connections between the phenomena in question. I make a positive case for this claim and defend it against objections. Based on this argument, I identify an alternative feature that sets understanding-why apart from knowledge-why: The minimal condition for understanding-why and knowledge-why with respect to their contents is not identical. Knowing why p merely requires information that some explanatorily relevant dependency obtains. Understanding why p additionally requires information about facts or principles that establish the explanatory connections between the phenomena in question
|
Understanding why, knowing why, and cognitive achievements
|
understanding why, knowing why, and cognitive achievements
|
duncan pritchard argues apart kind achievement kind. argue false true. false featuring rudimentary explanations concerning causal connections achievements sense. kind achievement not. thesis facts principles establish explanatory connections phenomena question. claim defend objections. argument apart contents identical. knowing merely explanatorily dependency obtains. additionally facts principles establish explanatory connections phenomena
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exact_dup
|
[
"160113984"
] |
159380363
|
10.1002/term.2562
|
Producción CientíficaBiocompatibility studies, especially innate immunity induction, in vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity, and fibrosis, are often lacking for many novel biomaterials including recombinant protein‐based ones, such as elastin‐like recombinamers (ELRs), and has not been extensively explored in the scientific literature, in contrast to traditional biomaterials. Herein, we present the results from a set of experiments designed to elucidate the preliminary biocompatibility of 2 types of ELRs that are able to form extracellular matrix‐like hydrogels through either physical or chemical cross‐linking both of which are intended for different applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Initially, we present in vitro cytocompatibility results obtained upon culturing human umbilical vein endothelial cells on ELR substrates, showing optimal proliferation up to 9 days. Regarding in vivo cytocompatibility, luciferase‐expressing hMSCs were viable for at least 4 weeks in terms of bioluminescence emission when embedded in ELR hydrogels and injected subcutaneously into immunosuppressed mice. Furthermore, both types of ELR‐based hydrogels were injected subcutaneously in immunocompetent mice and serum TNFα, IL‐1β, IL‐4, IL‐6, and IL‐10 concentrations were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, confirming the lack of inflammatory response, as also observed upon macroscopic and histological evaluation. All these findings suggest that both types of ELRs possess broad biocompatibility, thus making them very promising for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine‐related applications.European Commission (NMP-2014-646075, HEALTH-F4-2011-278557, PITN-GA-2012-317306 and MSCA-ITN-2014-642687)Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (Projects MAT2016-78903-R, MAT2016-79435-R, MAT2013-42473-R, MAT2013-41723-R and MAT2012-38043)Junta de Castilla y León (programa de apoyo a proyectos de investigación – Ref.VA244U13 and VA313U14)Centro en Red de Medicina Regenerativa y Terapia Celular de Castilla y LeónInstituto de Salud Carlos III (grant RD12/0019/0017 )Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (SFRH/BD/86451/ 2012
|
Biocompatibility of two model elastin‐like recombinamer‐based hydrogels formed through physical or chemical cross‐linking for various applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine
|
biocompatibility of two model elastin‐like recombinamer‐based hydrogels formed through physical or chemical cross‐linking for various applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine
|
producción científicabiocompatibility innate immunity cytotoxicity fibrosis lacking biomaterials recombinant protein‐based elastin‐like recombinamers elrs extensively explored traditional biomaterials. herein elucidate preliminary biocompatibility elrs extracellular matrix‐like hydrogels cross‐linking intended regenerative medicine. initially cytocompatibility culturing umbilical vein endothelial substrates proliferation days. cytocompatibility luciferase‐expressing hmscs viable bioluminescence embedded hydrogels injected subcutaneously immunosuppressed mice. elr‐based hydrogels injected subcutaneously immunocompetent tnfα enzyme‐linked immunosorbent confirming inflammatory macroscopic histological evaluation. elrs possess broad biocompatibility promising regenerative medicine‐related applications.european commission pitn msca ministerio economía industria competitividad projects junta castilla león programa apoyo proyectos investigación ref.va centro medicina regenerativa terapia celular castilla leóninstituto salud carlos fundação para ciência tecnologia sfrh
|
exact_dup
|
[
"159515723"
] |
160456536
|
10.1038/s41598-017-11150-y
|
Many animals use sounds produced by conspecifics for mate identification. Female insects and anuran amphibians, for instance, use acoustic cues to localize, orient toward and approach conspecific males prior to mating. Here we present a novel technique that utilizes multiple, distributed sound-indication devices and a miniature LED backpack to visualize and record the nocturnal phonotactic approach of females of the Australian orange-eyed tree frog (Litoria chloris) both in a laboratory arena and in the animal’s natural habitat. Continuous high-definition digital recording of the LED coordinates provides automatic tracking of the female’s position, and the illumination patterns of the sound-indication devices allow us to discriminate multiple sound sources including loudspeakers broadcasting calls as well as calls emitted by individual male frogs. This innovative methodology is widely applicable for the study of phonotaxis and spatial structures of acoustically communicating nocturnal animals
|
Visualizing Phonotactic Behavior of Female Frogs in Darkness
|
visualizing phonotactic behavior of female frogs in darkness
|
sounds conspecifics mate identification. insects anuran amphibians acoustic cues localize orient toward conspecific males mating. utilizes sound indication devices miniature backpack visualize record nocturnal phonotactic females australian orange eyed frog litoria chloris arena animal’s habitat. digital recording automatic tracking female’s illumination sound indication devices discriminate sound loudspeakers broadcasting calls calls emitted frogs. innovative methodology widely applicable phonotaxis acoustically communicating nocturnal
|
exact_dup
|
[
"87204168"
] |
16290411
|
10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.020601
|
This article was published in the journal, Physical Review Letters [© American Physical Society].A Brownian particle moving across a porous membrane subject to an oscillating force exhibits stochastic resonance with properties which strongly depend on the geometry of the confining cavities on the two sides of the membrane. Such a manifestation of stochastic resonance requires neither energetic nor entropic barriers, and can thus be regarded as a purely geometric effect. The magnitude of this effect is sensitive to the geometry of both the cavities and the pores, thus leading to distinctive optimal synchronization conditions
|
Geometric stochastic resonance
|
geometric stochastic resonance
|
brownian moving porous oscillating exhibits stochastic confining cavities sides membrane. manifestation stochastic neither energetic entropic barriers regarded purely geometric effect. cavities pores distinctive synchronization
|
exact_dup
|
[
"5254766"
] |
16671679
|
10.1007/978-3-642-28765-7_22
|
This work describes a semantic extension for a user-smart object interaction model based on the ECA paradigm (Event-Condition-Action). In this approach, smart objects publish their sensing (event) and action capabilities in the cloud and mobile devices are prepared to retrieve them and act as mediators to configure personalized behaviours for the objects. In this paper, the information handled by this interaction system has been shaped according several semantic models that, together with the integration of an embedded ontological and rule-based reasoner, are exploited in order to (i) automatically detect incompatible ECA rules configurations and to (ii) support complex ECA rules definitions and execution. This semantic extension may significantly improve the management of smart spaces populated with numerous smart objects from mobile personal devices, as it facilitates the configuration of coherent ECA rules
|
Towards a lightweight mobile semantic-based approach for enhancing interaction with smart objects
|
towards a lightweight mobile semantic-based approach for enhancing interaction with smart objects
|
describes semantic smart paradigm smart publish sensing capabilities mobile devices retrieve mediators configure personalized behaviours objects. handled shaped semantic embedded ontological reasoner exploited automatically detect incompatible configurations definitions execution. semantic smart populated numerous smart mobile personal devices facilitates coherent
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148665188"
] |
18275472
|
10.1002/adem.200900040
|
This work deals with the anisotropic fatigue behaviour of the Bainitic
Steel Metasco®MC and aims at improving the fatigue criteria used for the
design of forged components (suspension arm). This material contains elongated
manganese sulphide (MnS) inclusions oriented parallel to the rolling or forging
direction. Specimens with different orientations relative to the rolling direction
have been tested in fatigue under push-pull uniaxial loads. The influence of
“inclusion clusters” is clearly demonstrated via the observation of the fracture
surfaces. A fracture mechanics approach together with a statistical approach is
proposed to account for the anisotropic fatigue behaviour
|
The anisotropic fatigue behavior of forged steel
|
the anisotropic fatigue behavior of forged steel
|
deals anisotropic fatigue bainitic steel metasco®mc aims improving fatigue forged suspension elongated manganese sulphide inclusions oriented rolling forging direction. specimens orientations rolling fatigue push pull uniaxial loads. “inclusion clusters” fracture surfaces. fracture mechanics anisotropic fatigue
|
exact_dup
|
[
"143691920"
] |
19125535
|
10.1002/elan.200603591
|
The electrochemical behavior of the antileukemia drug glivec was investigated at a glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The oxidation is a complex, pH-dependent, irreversible electrode process involving the transfer of 2 electrons and 2 protons and the formation of an electroactive product, Pglivec, which strongly adsorbs on the GCE surface and undergoes reversible oxidation. The adsorption of Pglivec at the GCE surface yields a compact monolayer that inhibits further oxidation of glivec. The electrochemical reduction is a simple pH dependent irreversible process involving the transfer of 2 electrons and 2 protons and occurs with the formation of a nonelectroactive product. The diffusion coefficient of glivec was calculated to be DO=7.35×10-6 cm2 s-1 in pH 4.5 0.1 M acetate buffer.http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.20060359
|
Voltammetric Behavior of Antileukemia Drug Glivec. Part I - Electrochemical Study of Glivec
|
voltammetric behavior of antileukemia drug glivec. part i - electrochemical study of glivec
|
electrochemical antileukemia glivec glassy electrode oxidation irreversible electrode involving protons electroactive pglivec adsorbs undergoes reversible oxidation. adsorption pglivec monolayer inhibits oxidation glivec. electrochemical irreversible involving protons nonelectroactive product. glivec acetate buffer. elan.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"144013021"
] |
19125936
|
10.1007/s10856-007-0168-4
|
Abstract Ketotifen was immobilised in cellulose acetate propionate (CAP) membranes and in cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) membranes. The characteristics of each system were evaluated under a range of experimental conditions. The topography and uniformity of the membranes was assessed using scanning electron microscopy. The release characteristics associated with Ketotifen were monitored spectrophotometrically. The swelling capacity of the membranes was evaluated and attributed to the combined effects of diffusion and of complex dissociation, during swelling. The materials produced were able to provide controlled release of Ketotifen due to their controlled swelling behaviour and adequate release properties. The results showed that the release of Ketotifen from the CAB membranes is higher but the release from the CAP membranes is more uniform.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10856-007-0168-
|
Ketotifen controlled release from cellulose acetate propionate and cellulose acetate butyrate membranes
|
ketotifen controlled release from cellulose acetate propionate and cellulose acetate butyrate membranes
|
ketotifen immobilised cellulose acetate propionate membranes cellulose acetate butyrate membranes. conditions. topography uniformity membranes scanning microscopy. ketotifen monitored spectrophotometrically. swelling membranes attributed dissociation swelling. ketotifen swelling adequate properties. ketotifen membranes membranes uniform.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"144013721"
] |
19609407
|
10.1007/978-3-319-10515-4_4
|
A new algorithm to compute cylindrical algebraic decompositions (CADs) is presented, building on two recent advances. Firstly, the output is truth table invariant (a TTICAD) meaning given formulae have constant truth value on each cell of the decomposition. Secondly, the computation uses regular chains theory to first build a cylindrical decomposition of complex space (CCD) incrementally by polynomial. Significant modification of the regular chains technology was used to achieve the more sophisticated invariance criteria. Experimental results on an implementation in the RegularChains Library for Maple verify that combining these advances gives an algorithm superior to its individual components and competitive with the state of the art
|
Truth table invariant cylindrical algebraic decomposition by regular chains
|
truth table invariant cylindrical algebraic decomposition by regular chains
|
cylindrical algebraic decompositions cads advances. firstly truth tticad meaning formulae truth decomposition. secondly chains build cylindrical decomposition incrementally polynomial. modification chains sophisticated invariance criteria. regularchains library maple verify combining advances superior competitive
|
exact_dup
|
[
"24997626"
] |
25269716
|
10.1023/A:1012639500419
|
The electromagnetic interactions of electrons and muons can be described to very high accuracy within the framework of standard theory, in particular within the hydrogen-like muonium atom. Therefore precision measurements allow to test basic interactions in physics and to search for yet unknown forces. Accurate values for fundamental constants can be obtained. Results from experiments on the ground state hyperfine structure and the 1s-2s intervals in muonium are described together with their relations to a new measurement of the muon magnetic anomaly
|
Muonium Spectroscopy
|
muonium spectroscopy
|
electromagnetic muons muonium atom. precision unknown forces. obtained. hyperfine intervals muonium muon anomaly
|
exact_dup
|
[
"2645823"
] |
29137631
|
10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2014.06.002
|
This work investigates the effect of natural and artificial surface defects and quenching on the fatigue strength of a Boron steel (22MnB5). A vast experimental campaign has been undertaken to study the high cycle fatigue behaviour and more specifically the fatigue damage mechanisms observed in quenched and untreated materials, under different loading conditions and with differents artificial defects sizes (from 25 μm to 370 μm radius). In order to test the sheet metal in shear an original test apparatus is used. The critical defect size is determined to be 100 ± 50 μm. This critical size does not appear to depend on the loading type or the microstructure of the material (i.e. ferritic–perlitic or martensitic). However, for large defects, the quenched material is more sensitive to the defect size than the untreated material. For a defect size range of 100–300 μm the slope of the Kitagawa–Takahashi diagram is approximately −1/3 and −1/6 for the quenched and untreated materials respectively. A probabilistic approach that leads naturally to a probabilistic Kitagawa type diagram is developed. This methodology can be used to explain the relationship between the influence of the heat treatment and the defect size on the fatigue behaviour of this steel
|
The effect of quenching and defects size on the HCF behaviour of Boron steel
|
the effect of quenching and defects size on the hcf behaviour of boron steel
|
investigates artificial defects quenching fatigue boron steel vast campaign undertaken fatigue fatigue quenched untreated loading differents artificial defects sizes sheet apparatus used. defect loading microstructure i.e. ferritic–perlitic martensitic defects quenched defect untreated material. defect kitagawa–takahashi quenched untreated respectively. probabilistic naturally probabilistic kitagawa developed. methodology defect fatigue steel
|
exact_dup
|
[
"143693104"
] |
29137649
|
10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2013.07.013
|
The present work deals with the estimation of the time evolution of the weld fusion boundary. This moving boundary is the result of a spot GTA welding process on a 316L stainless steel disk. The estimation is based on the iterative regularization method. Indeed, the three problems: direct, in variation and adjoint, classically associated with this method, are solved by the finite element method in a two-dimensional axisymmetric domain. The originality of this work is to treat an experimental estimation of a front motion using a model with a geometry including only the solid phase. In this model, the evolution of this solid domain during the fusion is set with the ALE moving mesh method (Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian). The numerical developments are realized with the commercial code Comsol Multiphysics® coupled with the software Matlab®. The estimation method has been validated in a previous work using theoretical data ([1]). The experimental data, used here for this identification are, temperatures measured by thermocouples in the solid phase, the temporal evolution of the melt pool boundary observed at the surface by a fast camera and the maximal dimensions of the melted zone measured on macrographs. These experimental data are also compared with numerical results obtained from a heat and fluid flow model taking into account surface tension effects, Lorentz forces and the deformation of the melt pool surface under arc pressure
|
A model comparison to predict heat transfer during spot GTA welding
|
a model comparison to predict heat transfer during spot gta welding
|
deals weld fusion boundary. moving spot welding stainless steel disk. iterative regularization method. adjoint classically solved axisymmetric domain. originality treat front phase. fusion moving mesh lagrangian eulerian developments realized commercial comsol multiphysics® matlab®. validated thermocouples melt pool camera maximal melted macrographs. tension lorentz forces deformation melt pool
|
exact_dup
|
[
"143693144"
] |
29137941
|
10.1016/j.euromechflu.2014.03.013
|
The authors thank the technical staff of IRENav for their contribution to the experimental set up.The present study deals with the effect of the laminar separation bubble (LSB) induced transition on the lift, drag and moment coefficients of a hydrofoil. A 2D numerical study, based on the SST γ –Reθ transition model of ANSYS-CFX⃝R , is conducted on a NACA66 hydrofoil. Angles of attack range from −4° to 14° and the chord-based Reynolds number is Re = 7.5 × 105. An experimental investigation is carried out in the French naval academy research institute’s hydrodynamic tunnel based on the measurements of lift, drag and moment. Experiments on a smooth, mirror finished, hydrofoil enable comparison with RANS calculations using the transition model. Experiments with a roughness added on the leading edge enable comparison with RANS calculations using the SST fully turbulent model. For angles of attack below 6°, the LSB triggered laminar to turbulent transition of the boundary layers of the suction and pressure sides is located near the trailing edge of the smooth NACA66. As the angle of attack reaches 6°, the LSB suddenly moves to the leading edge on the suction side while transition is located at the trailing edge on the pressure side. The smooth hydrofoil shows higher CL and CM and lower CD than the rough leading edge one from −4° to 6°. Both experiments lead to the same coefficients from 6° to 14°. The calculations show that both models are in good agreement with their corresponding experiments. Velocity profiles in the vicinity of the LSB at an angle of attack of 2° and pressure coefficients of the calculations using the transition model are compared with published experimental studies and show very good agreement. The SST γ –Reθ transition model proves to be a relevant, even essential, prediction tool for lifting bodies operating at a moderate Reynolds number
|
Effect of the laminar separation bubble induced transition on the hydrodynamic performance of a hydrofoil
|
effect of the laminar separation bubble induced transition on the hydrodynamic performance of a hydrofoil
|
staff irenav up.the deals laminar bubble lift drag moment hydrofoil. –reθ ansys cfx⃝r naca hydrofoil. angles attack chord reynolds french naval academy institute’s hydrodynamic tunnel lift drag moment. mirror finished hydrofoil enable rans model. roughness enable rans turbulent model. angles attack triggered laminar turbulent suction sides trailing naca attack reaches suddenly moves suction trailing side. hydrofoil rough experiments. vicinity attack agreement. –reθ proves lifting bodies operating moderate reynolds
|
exact_dup
|
[
"143693922"
] |
29528077
|
10.1103/PhysRevE.92.023012
|
In this article, we show that the projection-free, snapshot-based, balanced
truncation method can be applied directly to unstable systems. We prove that
even for unstable systems, the unmodified balanced proper orthogonal
decomposition algorithm theoretically yields a converged transformation that
balances the Gramians (including the unstable subspace). We then apply the
method to a spatially developing unstable system and show that it results in
reduced-order models of similar quality to the ones obtained with existing
methods. Due to the unbounded growth of unstable modes, a practical restriction
on the final impulse response simulation time appears, which can be adjusted
depending on the desired order of the reduced-order model. Recommendations are
given to further reduce the cost of the method if the system is large and to
improve the performance of the method if it does not yield acceptable results
in its unmodified form. Finally, the method is applied to the linearized flow
around a cylinder at Re = 100 to show that it actually is able to accurately
reproduce impulse responses for more realistic unstable large-scale systems in
practice. The well-established approximate balanced truncation numerical
framework can therefore be safely applied to unstable systems without any
modifications. Additionally, balanced reduced-order models can readily be
obtained even for large systems, where the computational cost of existing
methods is prohibitive
|
Projection-free approximate balanced truncation of large unstable
systems
|
projection-free approximate balanced truncation of large unstable systems
|
projection snapshot balanced truncation unstable systems. unstable unmodified balanced proper orthogonal decomposition theoretically converged balances gramians unstable subspace spatially unstable methods. unbounded unstable practical restriction impulse adjusted desired model. recommendations acceptable unmodified form. linearized cylinder accurately reproduce impulse realistic unstable practice. approximate balanced truncation safely unstable modifications. additionally balanced readily prohibitive
|
exact_dup
|
[
"77005252"
] |
33171018
|
10.1016/j.jqsrt.2013.02.015
|
In this work we present an analysis of the influence of the thermodynamic regime on the monochromatic emissivity, the radiative power loss and the radiative cooling rate for optically thin carbon plasmas over a wide range of electron temperature and density assuming steady state situations. Furthermore, we propose analytical expressions depending on the electron density and temperature for the average ionization and cooling rate based on polynomial fittings which are valid for the whole range of plasma conditions considered in this work
|
Parametrization of the average ionization and radiative cooling rates of carbon plasmas in a wide range of density and temperature
|
parametrization of the average ionization and radiative cooling rates of carbon plasmas in a wide range of density and temperature
|
thermodynamic monochromatic emissivity radiative radiative cooling optically plasmas steady situations. propose expressions ionization cooling fittings valid
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148667979"
] |
33172810
|
10.1016/j.fuel.2014.06.006
|
The treatment and disposal of sewage sludge is becoming an urgent need whereby different technologies were developed and integrated into the waste cycle all over the world. One of the most used technologies is the thermal drying of the sludge. Thermally dried sewage sludge has interesting properties that allow its use as an alternative fuel, but also needs some consideration from the point of view of its safe operation. The aim of this study was the research on the flammability properties of sewage sludge, including ignition sensitivity, explosion severity, thermal sensitivity and thermal stability. Furthermore relationships among those properties and composition parameters have been determined, added to the study of their variation depending on their origin or season. Finally, properties related to spontaneous combustion were determined. To study these relationships and characteristics sludge samples were selected from different locations in Spain and taken during different seasons
|
Flammability properties of thermally dried sewage sludge
|
flammability properties of thermally dried sewage sludge
|
disposal sewage sludge becoming urgent whereby technologies waste world. technologies drying sludge. thermally dried sewage sludge fuel consideration safe operation. flammability sewage sludge ignition explosion severity stability. season. spontaneous combustion determined. sludge locations spain seasons
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148670083"
] |
33176068
|
10.1016/j.nucengdes.2014.04.014
|
From the 60s to the 90s, a great number of events related to the Emergency Core Cooling Systems Strainers have been happened in all kind of reactors all over the world. Thus, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission of the USA emitted some Bulletins to address the concerns about the adequacy of Emergency Core Cooling Systems (ECCS) strainer performance at boiling water reactors (BWR). In Spain the regulatory body (Consejo de Seguridad Nuclear, CSN) adopted the USA regulation and Cofrentes NPP installed new strainers with a considerable bigger size than the old strainers. The nuclear industry conducted significant and extensive research, guidance development, testing, reviews, and hardware and procedure changes during the 90s to resolve the issues related to debris blockage of BWR strainers. In 2001 the NRC and CSN closed the Bulletins. Thereafter, the strainers issues were moved to the PWR reactors. In 2004 the NRC issued a Generic Letter (GL). It requested the resolution of several effects which were not noted in the past. The GL regarded to be resolved by the PWR reactors but the NRC in USA and the CSN in Spain have requested that the BWR reactors investigate differences between the methodologies used by the BWRs and PWRs. The developments and improvements done for Cofrentes NPP are detailed. Studies for this plant show that the head loss due to the considered debris is at most half of the limited head loss for the ECCS strainer and the NPSH (Net Positive Suction Head) required for the ECCS pumps is at least three times lower than the NPSH available
|
Potential issues related to emergency core cooling system strainers performance at boiling water reactors: application to Cofrentes NPP (Spain)
|
potential issues related to emergency core cooling system strainers performance at boiling water reactors: application to cofrentes npp (spain)
|
great emergency cooling strainers happened kind reactors world. regulatory commission emitted bulletins concerns adequacy emergency cooling eccs strainer boiling reactors spain regulatory consejo seguridad adopted cofrentes installed strainers considerable bigger strainers. extensive guidance reviews hardware resolve debris blockage strainers. bulletins. thereafter strainers moved reactors. issued generic letter requested past. regarded resolved reactors spain requested reactors methodologies bwrs pwrs. developments improvements cofrentes detailed. debris eccs strainer npsh suction eccs pumps npsh
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148674096"
] |
33176079
|
10.1088/1758-5082/6/3/035009
|
Currently, cell culture systems that include nanoscale topography are widely used in order to provide cells additional cues closer to the in vivo environment, seeking to mimic the natural extracellular matrix. Electrospinning is one of the most common techniques to produce nano\ud
fiber mats. However, since many sensitive parameters play an important role in the process, a lack of reproducibility is a major drawback. Here we present a simple and robust methodology to prepare reproducible electrospun-like samples. It consists of a polydimethylsiloxane mold\ud
reproducing the fiber pattern to solvent-cast a polymer solution and obtain the final sample. To validate this methodology, poly(L-lactic) acid (PLLA) samples were obtained and, after characterisation, bioactivity and ability to direct cell response were assessed. C2C12 myoblasts developed focal adhesions on the electrospun-like\ud
fibers and, when cultured under myogenic differentiation conditions, similar differentiation levels to electrospun PLLA fibers were obtained
|
Robust fabrication of electrospun-like polymer mats to direct cell bahaviour
|
robust fabrication of electrospun-like polymer mats to direct cell bahaviour
|
nanoscale topography widely cues closer seeking mimic extracellular matrix. electrospinning nano fiber mats. reproducibility drawback. robust methodology prepare reproducible electrospun samples. polydimethylsiloxane mold reproducing fiber solvent cast polymer sample. validate methodology poly lactic plla characterisation bioactivity assessed. myoblasts focal adhesions electrospun fibers cultured myogenic electrospun plla fibers
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148674107"
] |
33901332
|
10.1073/pnas.1210722109
|
Democratic societies are built around the principle of free and fair elections, and that each citizen's vote should count equally. National elections can be regarded as large-scale social experiments, where people are grouped into usually large numbers of electoral districts and vote according to their references. The large number of samples implies statistical consequences for the polling results, which can be used to identify election irregularities. Using a suitable data representation, we find that vote distributions of elections with alleged fraud show a kurtosis substantially exceeding the kurtosis of normal elections, depending on the level of data aggregation. As an example, we show that reported irregularities in recent Russian elections are, indeed, well-explained by systematic ballot stuffing. We develop a parametric model quantifying the extent to which fraudulent mechanisms are present. We formulate a parametric test detecting these statistical properties in election results. Remarkably, this technique produces robust outcomes with respect to the resolution of the data and therefore, allows for cross-country comparisons
|
Statistical detection of systematic election irregularities
|
statistical detection of systematic election irregularities
|
democratic societies built fair elections citizen vote count equally. elections regarded grouped electoral districts vote references. consequences polling election irregularities. vote elections alleged fraud kurtosis substantially exceeding kurtosis elections aggregation. irregularities russian elections ballot stuffing. parametric quantifying fraudulent present. formulate parametric detecting election results. remarkably produces robust comparisons
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52951688"
] |
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