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196151690
|
10.1007/s10965-016-1143-x
|
Producción CientíficaThe main goal of this work is to analyze the relationships
between the extensional rheological behavior of solid
nanocomposites based on high melt strength polypropylene
(HMS PP) and montmorillonites (MMT) and the cellular structure
and mechanical properties of foams produced from these
materials. For this purpose two systems have been analyzed.
The first one incorporates organomodified MMT and a
compatibilizer and the second system contains natural clays
and is produced without the compatibilizer. Results indicate
that the extensional rheological behavior of both materials is
completely different. The strain hardening of the polymer containing
organomodified clays decreases as the clay content
increases. As a consequence, the open cell content of this material
increaseswith the clay content and hence, themechanical
properties get worse. However, in the materials produced with
natural clays this relationship is not so clear. While no changes
are detected in the extensional rheological behavior by adding
these particles, the nano-filled materials show an open cell
structure, opposite to the closed cell structure of the pure polymer,
which is caused by the fact of having particle agglomerates
with a size larger than the thickness of the cell walls and a
poor compatibility between the clays and the polymer.Financial support from PIRTU contract of E. Laguna-Gutierrez by Junta of Castile and Leon (EDU/289/2011) and cofinanced by the European Social Fund is gratefully acknowledged. Cristina Saiz-Arroyo would like to acknowledge Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) via Torres Quevedo Program (PTQ-12-05504). Finally, financial assistance from MINECO and FEDER program (MAT 2012 – 34901) MINECO, FEDER, UE (MAT2015-69234-R) and the Junta de Castile and Leon (VA035U13) are gratefully acknowledged
|
Extensional rheology, cellular structure, mechanical behavior relationships in HMS PP/montmorillonite foams with similar densities
|
extensional rheology, cellular structure, mechanical behavior relationships in hms pp/montmorillonite foams with similar densities
|
producción científicathe goal analyze extensional rheological nanocomposites melt polypropylene montmorillonites foams materials. analyzed. incorporates organomodified compatibilizer clays compatibilizer. extensional rheological different. hardening polymer organomodified clays clay increases. increaseswith clay themechanical worse. clays clear. extensional rheological adding nano filled opposite polymer agglomerates walls compatibility clays polymer.financial pirtu contract laguna gutierrez junta castile leon cofinanced fund gratefully acknowledged. cristina saiz arroyo acknowledge spanish ministry economy competitiveness mineco torres quevedo assistance mineco feder mineco feder junta castile leon gratefully acknowledged
|
exact_dup
|
[
"132345388"
] |
2126168
|
10.1016/j.media.2010.02.003
|
Finite Element mesh generation remains an important issue for patient
specific biomechanical modeling. While some techniques make automatic mesh
generation possible, in most cases, manual mesh generation is preferred for
better control over the sub-domain representation, element type, layout and
refinement that it provides. Yet, this option is time consuming and not suited
for intraoperative situations where model generation and computation time is
critical. To overcome this problem we propose a fast and automatic mesh
generation technique based on the elastic registration of a generic mesh to the
specific target organ in conjunction with element regularity and quality
correction. This Mesh-Match-and-Repair (MMRep) approach combines control over
the mesh structure along with fast and robust meshing capabilities, even in
situations where only partial organ geometry is available. The technique was
successfully tested on a database of 5 pre-operatively acquired complete femora
CT scans, 5 femoral heads partially digitized at intraoperative stage, and 50
CT volumes of patients' heads. The MMRep algorithm succeeded in all 60 cases,
yielding for each patient a hex-dominant, Atlas based, Finite Element mesh with
submillimetric surface representation accuracy, directly exploitable within a
commercial FE software
|
A fast and robust patient specific Finite Element mesh registration
technique: application to 60 clinical cases
|
a fast and robust patient specific finite element mesh registration technique: application to 60 clinical cases
|
mesh biomechanical modeling. automatic mesh manual mesh preferred layout refinement provides. option consuming suited intraoperative situations critical. overcome propose automatic mesh elastic registration generic mesh organ conjunction regularity correction. mesh match repair mmrep combines mesh robust meshing capabilities situations organ available. successfully operatively acquired femora scans femoral heads partially digitized intraoperative volumes heads. mmrep succeeded yielding atlas mesh submillimetric exploitable commercial
|
exact_dup
|
[
"2128877"
] |
2383384
|
10.1103/PhysRevE.73.056605
|
We analyze the effect of microscopic disorder on the macroscopic properties
of composite metamaterials and study how weak statistically independent
fluctuations of the parameters of structure elements can modify their
collective magnetic response and left-handed properties. We demonstrate that
even a weak microscopic disorder may lead to a substantial modification of the
metamaterial magnetic properties, and 10% deviation in the parameters of the
microscopic resonant elements may lead to a substantial suppression of wave
propagation in a wide frequency range. A noticeable suppression occurs also if
more than 10% of resonant magnetic elements possess strongly different
properties, but in this latter case the defects can create an additional weak
resonant line. These results are of the key importance for characterizing and
optimizing the novel composite metamaterials with left-handed properties at
terahertz and optical frequencies
|
Effect of microscopic disorder on magnetic properties of metamaterials
|
effect of microscopic disorder on magnetic properties of metamaterials
|
analyze microscopic disorder macroscopic composite metamaterials statistically modify collective handed properties. microscopic disorder substantial modification metamaterial microscopic resonant substantial suppression propagation range. noticeable suppression resonant possess defects create resonant line. characterizing optimizing composite metamaterials handed terahertz
|
exact_dup
|
[
"156613253"
] |
25331490
|
10.1016/j.nima.2003.07.029
|
This paper presents the development of a new technology of registration of ionizing radiation and a new type of detectors - single-cathode multiwire porous detector with neither a gaseous nor semiconductor, but a porous dielectric substance, e.g., CsI, being used as working medium. It is shown that the performance of the multiwire porous detector is stable, ensuring highly efficient detection of both heavily ionizing particles and soft X-rays with a spatial resolution better than $\pm 60\mu m$. The continuous stable performance opens up new perspectives for using porous detectors in research as well as medicine. The obtained data are basic for the development of the theory of the phenomenon of electrons' drift and multiplication in porous dielectrics under the action of a strong external electric field
|
Study of Counting Characteristics of Porous Radiation Detectors
|
study of counting characteristics of porous radiation detectors
|
presents registration ionizing detectors cathode multiwire porous neither gaseous semiconductor porous dielectric substance e.g. medium. multiwire porous ensuring heavily ionizing rays opens perspectives porous detectors medicine. phenomenon drift multiplication porous dielectrics
|
exact_dup
|
[
"2632515"
] |
29137399
|
10.1016/j.compositesb.2012.06.011
|
This study investigates the origin of the strain rate effect on the mechanical behavior of a discontinuous glass fiber reinforced ethylene–propylene copolymer (EPC) matrix composite. This kind of composite materials are commonly used for automotive functional and structural applications. To this aim, a multi-scale experimental approach is developed. The deformation processes and the damage mechanisms observed at the microscopic scale are related to the material mechanical properties at the macroscopic scale. Tensile tests up to failure and specific interrupted tensile tests have been optimized and performed for high strain rates up to 200 s 1 to quantify the strain rate effect at different scales. High speed tensile tests have also been performed on the pure copolymer matrix. The threshold and the kinetic of damage have been quantified at both microscopic and macroscopic scales. Experimental results show that the composite behavior is strongly strain-rate dependent. The multi-scale analysis leads to the conclusion that the strain rate effect on the damage behavior of the EPC matrix composite is mainly due to the viscous behavior of the EPC matrix. SEM observations and analysis show that a localized deformation in the interface zone around fibers occurs at high strain rates and directly affects the visco-damage behavior. It is established that when the strain rate increases, the local deformation zone around the fibers behaves like a dissipation zone. Consequently, the damage initiation is delayed and the related kinetic is reduced with respect to the quasi-static loading case
|
Effect of the matrix behavior on the damage of ethylene–propylene glass fiber reinforced composite subjected to high strain rate tension
|
effect of the matrix behavior on the damage of ethylene–propylene glass fiber reinforced composite subjected to high strain rate tension
|
investigates discontinuous glass fiber reinforced ethylene–propylene copolymer composite. kind composite commonly automotive applications. developed. deformation microscopic macroscopic scale. tensile interrupted tensile optimized quantify scales. tensile copolymer matrix. quantified microscopic macroscopic scales. composite dependent. composite viscous matrix. localized deformation fibers affects visco behavior. deformation fibers behaves dissipation zone. initiation delayed quasi loading
|
exact_dup
|
[
"143692733"
] |
29137442
|
10.1016/j.solmat.2013.04.002
|
Indium oxide thin films were grown by the pulsed electron beam deposition method on c-cut sapphire substrates at 10−2 mbar oxygen pressure and temperature up to 500 1C. Such conditions lead to the formation of dense, smooth and stoichiometric In2O3 films, with the cubic bixbyite structure. Epitaxial thin films were obtained at substrate temperatures as low as 200 1C. Pole figure measurements indicate the existence of (111) oriented In2O3 crystallites with different in-plane symmetry, i.e. three-fold and six-fold symmetry. The origin of this effect may be related to the specificities of the growth method which can induce a large disorder in the oxygen network of In2O3, leading then to a six-fold symmetry in the (111) plane of the bixbyite structure. This temperature resistivity behaviour shows metallic conductivity at room temperature and a metal– semiconductor transition at low temperature for In2O3 films grown at 200 1C, while the classical semiconductor behaviour was observed for the films grown at 400 and 500 1C. A maximum mobility of 24.7 cm2/V s was measured at 200 1C, and then it falls off with improving the crystalline quality of films. The optical transparency is high (480%) in a spectral range from 500 nm to 900 nm
|
Epitaxial undoped indium oxide thin films: Structural and physical properties.
|
epitaxial undoped indium oxide thin films: structural and physical properties.
|
indium oxide films grown pulsed deposition sapphire substrates mbar dense stoichiometric films cubic bixbyite structure. epitaxial films pole figure oriented crystallites i.e. symmetry. specificities induce disorder bixbyite structure. resistivity metallic conductivity room metal– semiconductor films grown semiconductor films grown mobility falls improving crystalline films. transparency
|
exact_dup
|
[
"143692778"
] |
29137492
|
10.1080/21681163.2014.913990
|
Rib cage 3D reconstruction is an important prerequisite for thoracic spine modelling, particularly for studies of the deformed thorax in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. This study proposes a new method for rib cage 3D reconstruction from biplanar radiographs, using a statistical parametric model approach.
Simplified parametric models were defined at the hierarchical levels of rib cage surface, rib midline and rib surface, and applied on a database of 86 trunks. The resulting parameter database served to statistical models learning which were used to quickly provide a first estimate of the reconstruction from identifications on both radiographs. This solution was then refined by manual adjustments in order to improve the matching between model and image. Accuracy was assessed by comparison with 29 rib cages from CT scans in terms of geometrical parameter differences and in terms of line-to-line error distance between the rib midlines. Intra and inter-observer reproducibility were determined regarding 20 scoliotic patients.
The first estimate (mean reconstruction time of 2’30) was sufficient to extract the main rib cage global parameters with a 95% confidence interval lower than 7%, 8%, 2% and 4° for rib cage volume, antero-posterior and lateral maximal diameters and maximal rib hump, respectively. The mean error distance was 5.4 mm (max 35mm) down to 3.6 mm (max 24 mm) after the manual adjustment step (+3’30).
The proposed method will improve developments of rib cage finite element modeling and evaluation of clinical outcomes.This work was funded by Paris Tech BiomecAM chair on subject specific muscular skeletal modeling, and we express our acknowledgments to the chair founders: Cotrel foundation, Société générale, Protéor Company and COVEA consortium. We extend your acknowledgements to Alina Badina for medical imaging data, Alexandre Journé for his advices, and Thomas Joubert for his technical support
|
3D reconstruction of ribcage geometry from biplanar radiographs using a statistical parametric model approach
|
3d reconstruction of ribcage geometry from biplanar radiographs using a statistical parametric model approach
|
cage reconstruction prerequisite thoracic spine deformed thorax adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. proposes cage reconstruction biplanar radiographs parametric approach. simplified parametric hierarchical cage midline trunks. served quickly reconstruction identifications radiographs. refined manual adjustments matching image. cages scans geometrical midlines. intra observer reproducibility scoliotic patients. reconstruction extract cage confidence cage antero posterior lateral maximal diameters maximal hump respectively. manual adjustment developments cage outcomes.this funded paris tech biomecam chair muscular skeletal express acknowledgments chair founders cotrel foundation société générale protéor company covea consortium. extend acknowledgements alina badina alexandre journé advices thomas joubert
|
exact_dup
|
[
"143692828"
] |
31237868
|
10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.02.044
|
Thermally stable superhydrophobic coatings have been prepared using Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) by spray coating method. The effects of MWCNT (0 – 66 wt%) and temperature (300 to 623 K) on wettability have been studied. A transformation from hydrophobic to superhydrophoic state was achieved with increase of CNT content. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies reveal that with increase in CNT content, -phase of PVDF decreases suggesting that MWCNT has strong effect on the phase separation of PVDF. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) studies show that the coatings have rough surface with porous structure. With increase in CNT content the protrusion like structures decreased reaching micro/nano scales. The coatings were thermally stable upto 573 K exhibiting superhydrophobicity and thereafter transformed to superhydrophilic state at 623 K. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS) analysis show the absence of fluorine after annealing at 623 K suggesting decomposition of PVDF. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) of C1s and F1s core levels in as-deposited PVDFMWCNT coating show the presence of CF2 related species. Concentration of fluorine drastically decreases after heat treatment of the coating at 350 C. The main advantage of the present method is feasibility for application over large area and the coatings are stable upto 573 K
|
Stable superhydrophobic coatings Using PVDF/MWCNT nanocomposite
|
stable superhydrophobic coatings using pvdf/mwcnt nanocomposite
|
thermally superhydrophobic coatings polyvinylidene fluoride pvdf multiwalled nanotubes mwcnts spray coating method. mwcnt wettability studied. hydrophobic superhydrophoic content. diffraction fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ftir reveal pvdf mwcnt pvdf. scanning microscopy fesem coatings rough porous structure. protrusion reaching micro nano scales. coatings thermally upto exhibiting superhydrophobicity thereafter transformed superhydrophilic dispersive spectroscopy edxs fluorine annealing decomposition pvdf. photoelectron spectroscopy deposited pvdfmwcnt coating species. fluorine drastically coating advantage feasibility coatings upto
|
exact_dup
|
[
"151646446"
] |
33067019
|
10.1007/s00442-012-2589-0
|
In order to predict which ecosystem functions are most at risk from biodiversity loss, meta-analyses have generalised results from biodiversity experiments over different sites and ecosystem types. In contrast, comparing the strength of biodiversity effects across a large number of ecosystem processes measured in a single experiment permits more direct comparisons. Here, we present an analysis of 418 separate measures of 38 ecosystem processes. Overall, 45 % of processes were significantly affected by plant species richness, suggesting that, while diversity affects a large number of processes not all respond to biodiversity. We therefore compared the strength of plant diversity effects between different categories of ecosystem processes, grouping processes according to the year of measurement, their biogeochemical cycle, trophic level and compartment (above- or belowground) and according to whether they were measures of biodiversity or other ecosystem processes, biotic or abiotic and static or dynamic. Overall, and for several individual processes, we found that biodiversity effects became stronger over time. Measures of the carbon cycle were also affected more strongly by plant species richness than were the measures associated with the nitrogen cycle. Further, we found greater plant species richness effects on measures of biodiversity than on other processes. The differential effects of plant diversity on the various types of ecosystem processes indicate that future research and political effort should shift from a general debate about whether biodiversity loss impairs ecosystem functions to focussing on the specific functions of interest and ways to preserve them individually or in combination
|
A comparison of the strength of biodiversity effects across multiple functions
|
a comparison of the strength of biodiversity effects across multiple functions
|
predict ecosystem biodiversity meta generalised biodiversity ecosystem types. biodiversity ecosystem permits comparisons. ecosystem processes. richness diversity affects respond biodiversity. diversity categories ecosystem grouping biogeochemical trophic compartment belowground biodiversity ecosystem biotic abiotic dynamic. biodiversity became stronger time. richness nitrogen cycle. richness biodiversity processes. diversity ecosystem effort debate biodiversity impairs ecosystem focussing ways preserve individually
|
exact_dup
|
[
"17339755"
] |
33170898
|
10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.02.054
|
Today, the building sector alone accounts for 40% of the total energy consumption in the European Union (EU). In most EU member states, about 70–90% of the buildings were constructed at least 20 years ago. Due to this, these buildings have a worse energy efficiency behavior than the new ones that comply with current regulations. As a consequence, acting on the existing building stock is needed, developing special methods on assessment and advice in order to reduce the total energy consumption. This article addresses a procedure allowing the classification and characterization of existing buildings facades. It can help researchers to achieve in-depth knowledge of the facades construction and therefore knowing their thermal behavior. Once knowing that, the most appropriate upgrading strategies can be established with the purpose of reducing the energy demand. Furthermore, the classified facade typologies have been verified, complying with current and future Spanish regulations and according to the results obtained, a series of upgrading strategies based on the opaque part and those in the translucent part, have been proposed. As a conclusion, this procedure helps us to select the most appropriate improvement measures for each type of facade in order to comply with current and future Spanish regulations. This proposed method has been tested in a specific neighborhood of Madrid, in a selected period of time, between 1950 and 1980, but it could be applicable to any other city
|
Facade typologies as a tool for selecting refurbishment measures for the Spanish residential building stock
|
facade typologies as a tool for selecting refurbishment measures for the spanish residential building stock
|
today accounts union member buildings ago. buildings worse comply regulations. acting stock advice consumption. addresses allowing buildings facades. researchers facades knowing behavior. knowing upgrading reducing demand. classified facade typologies verified complying spanish regulations upgrading opaque translucent proposed. helps select facade comply spanish regulations. neighborhood madrid applicable city
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148666837"
] |
33174332
|
10.1007/s11067-014-9225-y
|
Global demand for mobility is increasing and the environmental impact of transport has become an important issue in transportation network planning and decision-making, as well as in the operational management phase. Suitable methods are required to assess emissions and fuel consumption reduction strategies that seek to improve energy efficiency and furthering decarbonization. This study describes the development and application of an improved modeling framework – the HERA (Highway EneRgy Assessment) methodology – that enables to assess the energy and carbon footprint of different highways and traffic flow scenarios and their comparison. HERA incorporates an average speed consumption model adjusted with a correction factor which takes into account the road gradient. It provides a more comprehensive method for estimating the footprint of particular highway segments under specific traffic conditions. It includes the application of the methodology to the Spanish highway network to validate it. Finally, a case study shows the benefits from using this methodology and how to integrate the objective of carbon footprint reductions into highway design, operation and scenario comparison
|
Reduced carbon and energy footprint in highway operations: the Highway Energy Assessment (HERA) methodology
|
reduced carbon and energy footprint in highway operations: the highway energy assessment (hera) methodology
|
mobility transportation planning operational phase. fuel seek furthering decarbonization. describes hera highway methodology enables footprint highways traffic scenarios comparison. hera incorporates adjusted road gradient. comprehensive estimating footprint highway segments traffic conditions. methodology spanish highway validate benefits methodology integrate footprint reductions highway
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148671593"
] |
33175312
|
10.1016/j.solener.2015.03.006
|
Forecasting the AC power output of a PV plant accurately is important both for plant owners and electric system operators. Two main categories of PV modeling are available: the parametric and the nonparametric. In this paper, a methodology using a nonparametric PV model is proposed, using as inputs several forecasts of meteorological variables from a Numerical Weather Forecast model, and actual AC power measurements of PV plants. The methodology was built upon the R environment and uses Quantile Regression Forests as machine learning tool to forecast AC power with a confidence interval. Real data from five PV plants was used to validate the methodology, and results show that daily production is predicted with an absolute cvMBE lower than 1.3%
|
PV power forecast using a nonparametric PV model
|
pv power forecast using a nonparametric pv model
|
forecasting accurately owners operators. categories parametric nonparametric. methodology nonparametric inputs forecasts meteorological weather forecast plants. methodology built quantile forests machine forecast confidence interval. validate methodology cvmbe
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148672611"
] |
33176040
|
10.1016/j.neucom.2013.01.059
|
Nonlinear analysis tools for studying and characterizing the dynamics of physiological signals have gained popularity, mainly because tracking sudden alterations of the inherent complexity of biological processes might be an indicator of altered physiological states.\ud
Typically, in order to perform an analysis with such tools, the physiological variables that describe the biological process under study are used to reconstruct the underlying dynamics of the biological processes. For that goal, a procedure called time-delay or uniform embedding is usually employed.\ud
Nonetheless, there is evidence of its inability for dealing with non-stationary signals, as those recorded from many physiological processes.\ud
To handle with such a drawback, this paper evaluates the utility of non-conventional time series reconstruction procedures based on non uniform embedding, applying them to automatic pattern recognition tasks. The paper compares a state of the art non uniform approach with a novel scheme\ud
which fuses embedding and feature selection at once, searching for better reconstructions of the dynamics of the system. Moreover, results are also compared with two classic uniform embedding techniques. Thus, the goal is comparing uniform and non uniform reconstruction techniques, including the one proposed in this work, for pattern recognition in biomedical signal processing tasks. Once the state space is reconstructed, the scheme followed characterizes with three classic nonlinear dynamic features (Largest Lyapunov Exponent, Correlation Dimension and Recurrence Period Density Entropy), while classification is carried out by means of a simple k-nn classifier. In order to test its generalization capabilities, the approach was tested with three different physiological databases (Speech Pathologies, Epilepsy and Heart Murmurs).\ud
In terms of the accuracy obtained to automatically detect the presence of pathologies, and for the three types of biosignals analyzed, the non uniform techniques used in this work lightly outperformed the results obtained using the uniform methods, suggesting their usefulness to characterize non-stationary biomedical signals in pattern recognition applications. On the other hand, in view of the\ud
results obtained and its low computational load, the proposed technique suggests its applicability for the\ud
applications under study
|
Non uniform embedding based on relevance analysis with reduced computational complexity: application to the detection of pathologies from biosignal recordings
|
non uniform embedding based on relevance analysis with reduced computational complexity: application to the detection of pathologies from biosignal recordings
|
studying characterizing physiological gained popularity tracking sudden alterations inherent indicator altered physiological states. physiological reconstruct processes. goal delay embedding employed. nonetheless inability dealing stationary physiological processes. handle drawback evaluates utility reconstruction embedding automatic recognition tasks. compares fuses embedding searching reconstructions system. classic embedding techniques. goal reconstruction recognition biomedical tasks. reconstructed characterizes classic lyapunov exponent recurrence classifier. generalization capabilities physiological databases speech pathologies epilepsy murmurs automatically detect pathologies biosignals lightly outperformed usefulness characterize stationary biomedical recognition applications. applicability
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148674057"
] |
33176180
|
10.1016/j.cis.2013.11.003
|
In this paper we review simulation and experimental studies of thermal capillary wave fluctuations as an ideal means for probing the underlying disjoining pressure and surface tensions, and more generally, fine details of the Interfacial Hamiltonian Model. We discuss recent simulation results that reveal a film-height-dependent surface tension not accounted for in the classical Interfacial Hamiltonian Model. We show how this observation may be explained bottom-up from sound principles of statistical thermodynamics and discuss some of its implication
|
Disjoining pressure and the film-height-dependent surface tension of thin liquid films: New insight from capillary wave fluctuations
|
disjoining pressure and the film-height-dependent surface tension of thin liquid films: new insight from capillary wave fluctuations
|
capillary ideal probing disjoining tensions fine interfacial model. reveal film tension accounted interfacial model. sound principles thermodynamics implication
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148674208"
] |
33176306
|
10.1007/s10342-014-0822-6
|
An understanding of spatial patterns of plant species diversity and the factors that drive those patterns is critical for the development of appropriate biodiversity management in forest ecosystems. We studied the spatial organization of plants species in human- modified and managed oak forests (primarily, Quercus faginea) in the Central Pre- Pyrenees, Spain. To test whether plant community assemblages varied non-randomly across the spatial scales, we used multiplicative diversity partitioning based on a nested hierarchical design of three increasingly coarser spatial scales (transect, stand, region). To quantify the importance of the structural, spatial, and topographical characteristics of stands in patterning plant species assemblages and identify the determinants of plant diversity patterns, we used canonical ordination. We observed a high contribution of ˟-diversity to total -diversity and found ˟-diversity to be higher and ˞-diversity to be lower than expected by random distributions of individuals at different spatial scales. Results, however, partly depended on the weighting of rare and abundant species. Variables expressing the historical management intensities of the stand such as mean stand age, the abundance of the dominant tree species (Q. faginea), age structure of the stand, and stand size were the main factors that explained the compositional variation in plant communities. The results indicate that (1) the structural, spatial, and topographical characteristics of the forest stands have the greatest effect on diversity patterns, (2) forests in landscapes that have different land use histories are environmentally heterogeneous and, therefore, can experience high levels of compositional differentiation, even at local scales (e.g., within the same stand). Maintaining habitat heterogeneity at multiple spatial scales should be considered in the development of management plans for enhancing plant diversity and related functions in human-altered forest
|
Plant β-diversity i in human-altered forest ecosystems: the importance of the structural, spatial, and topographical characteristics of stands in patterning plant species assemblages
|
plant β-diversity i in human-altered forest ecosystems: the importance of the structural, spatial, and topographical characteristics of stands in patterning plant species assemblages
|
diversity drive biodiversity forest ecosystems. managed forests primarily quercus faginea pyrenees spain. assemblages varied randomly multiplicative diversity partitioning nested hierarchical increasingly coarser transect stand quantify topographical stands patterning assemblages determinants diversity canonical ordination. diversity diversity diversity diversity scales. partly depended weighting rare abundant species. expressing historical intensities stand stand abundance faginea stand stand compositional communities. topographical forest stands greatest diversity forests landscapes histories environmentally heterogeneous compositional e.g. stand maintaining habitat heterogeneity plans enhancing diversity altered forest
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148674341"
] |
33177707
|
10.1007/s00214-015-1675-x
|
Ternary MCrO4 (M = Ba, Sr) semiconductors are materials with a variety of photocatalyst and optoelectronic applications. We present detailed microscopic analyses based on first principles of the structure, the electronic properties and the optical absorption in which the difference between symmetrically non-equivalent atoms has been considered. The high absorption coefficients of these materials are split into chemical species contributions in accordance with the symmetry. The high optical absorption in these materials is mainly because of the Cr–O inter-species transitions
|
Optoelectronic property analysis of MCrO4 (M=Ba, Sr) with a response to visible light irradiation
|
optoelectronic property analysis of mcro4 (m=ba, sr) with a response to visible light irradiation
|
ternary mcro semiconductors photocatalyst optoelectronic applications. microscopic principles symmetrically considered. split accordance symmetry. cr–o
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148677218"
] |
33178716
|
10.1016/j.jcp.2015.11.032
|
In this paper three p-adaptation strategies based on the minimization of the truncation error are presented for high order discontinuous Galerkin methods. The truncation error is approximated by means of a ? -estimation procedure and enables the identification of mesh regions that require adaptation. Three adaptation strategies are developed and termed a posteriori, quasi-a priori and quasi-a priori corrected. All strategies require fine solutions, which are obtained by enriching the polynomial order, but while the former needs time converged solutions, the last two rely on non-converged solutions, which lead to faster computations. In addition, the high order method permits the spatial decoupling for the estimated errors and enables anisotropic p-adaptation. These strategies are verified and compared in terms of accuracy and computational cost for the Euler and the compressible Navier?Stokes equations. It is shown that the two quasi- a priori methods achieve a significant reduction in computational cost when compared to a uniform polynomial enrichment. Namely, for a viscous boundary layer flow, we obtain a speedup of 6.6 and 7.6 for the quasi-a priori and quasi-a priori corrected approaches, respectively
|
Adaptation strategies for high order discontinuous Galerkin methods based on Tau-estimation
|
adaptation strategies for high order discontinuous galerkin methods based on tau-estimation
|
adaptation minimization truncation discontinuous galerkin methods. truncation approximated enables mesh adaptation. adaptation termed posteriori quasi priori quasi priori corrected. fine enriching former converged rely converged faster computations. permits decoupling enables anisotropic adaptation. verified euler compressible navier stokes equations. quasi priori enrichment. viscous speedup quasi priori quasi priori corrected
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148679340"
] |
33753179
|
10.1007/s11229-015-0917-8
|
Psillos (1999, 2011), Kitcher (1993), and Leplin (1997) have defended convergent scientific realism against the pessimistic meta-induction by arguing for the divide et impera (DEI) strategy. I argue that DEI faces a problem more serious than the pessimistic meta-induction: the problem of accretion. When empirically successful theories and principles are combined, they may no longer make successful predictions or allow for accurate calculations, or the combination otherwise may be an empirical failure. The shift from classical mechanics to the new quantum theory does not reflect the discarding of “idle wheels.” Instead, scientists had to contend with new principles that made classical calculations difficult or impossible (the Maxwell-Boltzmann equipartition theorem), and new results (the anomalous Zeeman effect) that were inconsistent with classical theorems (the Larmor theorem), and that suggested a new way of conceiving of atomic dynamics. In this shift, reference to atoms and to electrons was preserved, but the underlying causal explanations and descriptions of atoms and electrons changed. I propose that the emphasis on accurate description of causal agents as a virtue of background theory be replaced with Ruetsche’s (2011) advocacy of pragmatic, modal resourcefulness
|
Methodological Realism and Modal Resourcefulness: Out of the Web and Into the Mine
|
methodological realism and modal resourcefulness: out of the web and into the mine
|
psillos kitcher leplin defended convergent realism pessimistic meta arguing divide impera strategy. argue faces serious pessimistic meta accretion. empirically successful principles successful failure. mechanics reflect discarding “idle wheels.” scientists contend principles impossible maxwell boltzmann equipartition anomalous zeeman inconsistent theorems larmor conceiving dynamics. preserved causal explanations descriptions changed. propose emphasis causal virtue replaced ruetsche’s advocacy pragmatic modal resourcefulness
|
exact_dup
|
[
"157866676"
] |
33894969
|
10.1034/j.1600-0889.1991.00011.x
|
A new methodological approach for analysis of monitoring data is discussed. The main ideas are illustrated for the example of the CO2 problem. The analysis of CO2 concentrations obtained from a global network of monitoring stations permitted the authors to construct a nonparametric evaluation of the spatial-temporal distribution of this field. They propose a parabolic parametrization of the long-term tendency of this field as a function of time (in one-year time steps). A function of the predicitve ability of a model is defined on the basis of the technique of "supervised training". This function is computed for a parabolic model and it is shown that this model constructed for the first 15 years of observations evaluates the tendency for the next 15 years quite well. The main problem that is solved in this paper is how to correlate the projections of different models for the carbon cycle and different scenarios of the annual release of carbon into the atmosphere with the projection that reflect parametrization of the trends of CO2-monitoring data
|
An Exploratory Analysis of Long-Term Trends in Atmospheric CO2 Concentrations
|
an exploratory analysis of long-term trends in atmospheric co2 concentrations
|
methodological discussed. ideas illustrated problem. stations permitted nonparametric field. propose parabolic parametrization tendency predicitve supervised parabolic evaluates tendency well. solved correlate projections scenarios atmosphere projection reflect parametrization
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52945339"
] |
34997023
|
10.1063/1.4825367
|
Fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) was applied to investigate the donor distribution in SrTiO3 single crystals. On the surfaces of Nb- and La-doped SrTiO3, structures with different fluorescence intensities and lifetimes were found that could be related to different concentrations of Ti3+. Furthermore, the inhomogeneous distribution of donors caused a non-uniform conductivity of the surface, which complicates the production of potential electronic devices by the deposition of oxide thin films on top of doped single crystals. Hence, we propose FLIM as a convenient technique (length scale: 1 μm) for characterizing the quality of doped oxide surfaces, which could help to identify appropriate substrate materials
|
Inhomogeneity of donor doping in SrTiO3 substrates studied by fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy
|
inhomogeneity of donor doping in srtio3 substrates studied by fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy
|
fluorescence lifetime microscopy flim donor srtio crystals. doped srtio fluorescence intensities lifetimes inhomogeneous donors conductivity complicates devices deposition oxide films doped crystals. propose flim convenient characterizing doped oxide
|
exact_dup
|
[
"24972903"
] |
35088847
|
10.1007/JHEP09(2015)197
|
The fundamental BCJ-relation is a linear relation between primitive tree amplitudes with different cyclic orderings. The cyclic orderings differ by the insertion place of one gluon. The coefficients of the fundamental BCJ-relation are linear in the Lorentz invariants 2 p i p j . The BCJ-relations are well established for pure gluonic amplitudes as well as for amplitudes in N = 4 $$ \mathcal{N}=4 $$ super-Yang-Mills theory. Recently, it has been conjectured that the BCJ-relations hold also for QCD amplitudes. In this paper we give a proof of this conjecture. The proof is valid for massless and massive quarks
|
Proof of the fundamental BCJ relations for QCD amplitudes
|
proof of the fundamental bcj relations for qcd amplitudes
|
primitive amplitudes cyclic orderings. cyclic orderings insertion gluon. lorentz invariants gluonic amplitudes amplitudes mathcal super mills theory. conjectured hold amplitudes. conjecture. valid massless massive quarks
|
exact_dup
|
[
"35089021"
] |
35089274
|
10.1007/JHEP07(2015)012
|
The pair-production process for a black hole (BH) is discussed within the framework of a recently proposed semiclassical model of BH evaporation. Our emphasis is on how the requirements of unitary evolution and strong subadditivity act to constrain the state of the produced pairs and their entanglement with the already emitted BH radiation. We find that the state of the produced pairs is indeed strongly constrained but that the semiclassical model is consistent with all requirements. We are led to the following picture: Initially, the pairs are produced in a state of nearly maximal entanglement amongst the partners, with a parametrically small entanglement between each positive-energy partner and the outgoing radiation, similar to Hawking’s model. But, as the BH evaporation progresses past the Page time, each positive-energy partner has a stronger entanglement with the outgoing radiation and, consequently, is less strongly entangled with its negative-energy partner. We present some evidence that this pattern of entanglement does not require non-local interactions, only EPR-like non-local correlations
|
Constraints on the quantum state of pairs produced by semiclassical black holes
|
constraints on the quantum state of pairs produced by semiclassical black holes
|
semiclassical evaporation. emphasis unitary subadditivity constrain entanglement emitted radiation. constrained semiclassical requirements. picture initially nearly maximal entanglement amongst partners parametrically entanglement partner outgoing hawking’s model. evaporation progresses partner stronger entanglement outgoing entangled partner. entanglement
|
exact_dup
|
[
"35089162"
] |
35091010
|
10.1007/JHEP03(2015)120
|
In the gauge-theoretic formulation of gravity the cubic vertex becomes simple enough for some graviton scattering amplitudes to be computed using the Berends-Giele-type recursion relations. We present such a computation for the current with all same helicity on-shell gravitons. Once the recursion relation is set up and low graviton number cases are worked out, a natural guess for the solution in terms of a sum over trees readily presents itself. The solution can also be described either in terms of the half-soft function familiar from the 1998 paper by Bern, Dixon, Perelstein and Rozowsky or as a matrix determinant similar to one used by Hodges for MHV graviton amplitudes. This solution also immediately suggests the correct guess for the MHV graviton amplitude formula, as is contained in the already mentioned 1998 paper. We also obtain the recursion relation for the off-shell current with all but one same helicity gravitons
|
Pure connection formalism for gravity: recursion relations
|
pure connection formalism for gravity: recursion relations
|
theoretic formulation cubic graviton amplitudes berends giele recursion relations. helicity gravitons. recursion graviton worked guess trees readily presents itself. familiar bern dixon perelstein rozowsky determinant hodges graviton amplitudes. immediately guess graviton paper. recursion helicity gravitons
|
exact_dup
|
[
"35090916"
] |
35091794
|
10.1007/JHEP09(2015)041
|
Previous studies of the type IIB superstring in an AdS 5 × S 5 background are based on a description of the superspace geometry as the quotient space PSU(2 , 2|4) / SO(4 , 1) × SO(5). This paper develops an alternative approach in which the Grassmann coordinates provide a nonlinear realization of PSU(2 , 2|4) based on the quotient space PSU(2 , 2|4) / SU(2 , 2) × SU(4), and the bosonic coordinates are described as a submanifold of SU(2 , 2) × SU(4). This formulation keeps all bosonic symmetries manifest, and it provides the complete dependence on the Grassmann coordinates in terms of simple analytic expressions. It is used to construct the superstring world-sheet action in a form in which the PSU(2 , 2|4) symmetry is manifest and kappa symmetry can be established. This formulation might have some advantages compared to previous ones, but this remains to be demonstrated
|
New formulation of the type IIB superstring action in AdS 5 × S 5
|
new formulation of the type iib superstring action in ads 5 × s 5
|
superstring superspace quotient develops grassmann realization quotient bosonic submanifold formulation keeps bosonic symmetries manifest grassmann analytic expressions. superstring sheet manifest kappa established. formulation advantages
|
exact_dup
|
[
"35091698"
] |
35091921
|
10.1007/JHEP09(2015)024
|
It is known that infrared (IR) quantum fluctuations in de Sitter space could break the de Sitter symmetry and generate time dependent observable effects. In this paper, we consider a dilaton-gravity theory. We find that gravitational IR effects lead to a time dependent shift on the vev of the dilaton and results in a screening (temporal) of the cosmological constant/Hubble parameter. In the Einstein frame, the effect is exponentiated and can give rises to a much more notable amount of screening. Taking the dilaton as inflaton, we obtain an inflationary expansion of the slow roll kind. This inflation is driven by the IR quantum effects of de Sitter gravity and does not rely on the use of a slow roll potential. As a result, our model is free from the eta problem which baffle the standard slow roll inflation models
|
Dilaton, screening of the cosmological constant and IR-driven inflation
|
dilaton, screening of the cosmological constant and ir-driven inflation
|
infrared sitter break sitter observable effects. dilaton theory. gravitational dilaton screening cosmological hubble parameter. einstein exponentiated rises notable screening. dilaton inflaton inflationary slow roll kind. inflation sitter rely slow roll potential. baffle slow roll inflation
|
exact_dup
|
[
"35092374"
] |
35092682
|
10.1007/JHEP08(2015)031
|
The holographic entanglement entropy for the most general higher derivative gravity is investigated. We find a new type of Wald entropy, which appears on entangling surface without the rotational symmetry and reduces to usual Wald entropy on Killing horizon. Furthermore, we obtain a formal formula of HEE for the most general higher derivative gravity and work it out exactly for some squashed cones. As an important application, we derive HEE for gravitational action with one derivative of the curvature when the extrinsic curvature vanishes. We also study some toy models with non-zero extrinsic curvature. We prove that our formula yields the correct universal term of entanglement entropy for 4d CFTs. Furthermore, we solve the puzzle raised by Hung, Myers and Smolkin that the logarithmic term of entanglement entropy derived from Weyl anomaly of CFTs does not match the holographic result even if the extrinsic curvature vanishes. We find that such mismatch comes from the ‘anomaly of entropy’ of the derivative of curvature. After considering such contributions carefully, we resolve the puzzle successfully. In general, we need to fix the splitting problem for the conical metrics in order to derive the holographic entanglement entropy. We find that, at least for Einstein gravity, the splitting problem can be fixed by using equations of motion. How to derive the splittings for higher derivative gravity is a non-trivial and open question. For simplicity, we ignore the splitting problem in this paper and find that it does not affect our main results
|
Holographic entanglement entropy for the most general higher derivative gravity
|
holographic entanglement entropy for the most general higher derivative gravity
|
holographic entanglement investigated. wald entangling rotational reduces usual wald killing horizon. formal squashed cones. derive gravitational curvature extrinsic curvature vanishes. extrinsic curvature. universal entanglement cfts. solve puzzle raised hung myers smolkin logarithmic entanglement weyl anomaly cfts match holographic extrinsic curvature vanishes. mismatch comes ‘anomaly entropy’ curvature. carefully resolve puzzle successfully. splitting conical metrics derive holographic entanglement entropy. einstein splitting motion. derive splittings trivial question. simplicity ignore splitting
|
exact_dup
|
[
"35092217",
"35092853"
] |
38678769
|
10.1007/s12043-013-0645-x
|
In this work we explored strong field-induced decay of doubly excited transient Coulomb complex Ar** → Ar2++ 2e. We measured the correlated two-electron emission as a function of carrier envelop phase (CEP) of 6 fs pulses in the non-sequential double ionization (NSDI) of argon. Classical model calculations suggest that the intermediate doubly excited Coulomb complex loses memory of its formation dynamics. We estimated the ionization time difference between the two electrons from NSDI of argon and it is 200 ± 100 as (N Camus et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 073003 (2012
|
Attosecond-correlated dynamics of two electrons in argon
|
attosecond-correlated dynamics of two electrons in argon
|
explored doubly excited transient coulomb carrier envelop pulses sequential ionization nsdi argon. doubly excited coulomb loses dynamics. ionization nsdi argon camus phys. rev. lett.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52170004"
] |
38679486
|
10.1007/978-81-322-2355-9
|
The present study deals with the coupled magnetic–structural analysis of magnetic pulse welding (MPW) process applied on a tubular workpiece. The study investigates the various criteria required for a successful weld between the mating members through a finite element model. The transient electromagnetic field phenomenon is coupled sequentially with mechanical phenomenon. The coupling between the magnetic field and the electrical circuit is formulated in the electromagnetic part of the model, whereas in the structural part, the impact velocities, the effective plastic strain and the shear stress induced in the workpiece are found from the numerical simulations. A viscoplastic material model with rate-dependent material properties is considered in the structural part. The effect of varying process parameters: input voltage and air gap between the two mating members on weld quality are computed through numerical simulations. Based on the results of the numerical simulations, an optimal weldability window is suggested
|
Coupled Electromagnetic–Structural Simulation of Magnetic Pulse Welding
|
coupled electromagnetic–structural simulation of magnetic pulse welding
|
deals magnetic–structural welding tubular workpiece. investigates successful weld mating model. transient electromagnetic phenomenon sequentially phenomenon. electrical circuit formulated electromagnetic velocities plastic workpiece simulations. viscoplastic part. mating weld simulations. weldability window
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52170720"
] |
41135751
|
10.1007/s11115-013-0244-9
|
This paper illustrates a theory of the second best where the constraints to the achievement of the optimum are of institutional nature. We consider the effects of corruption and bad governance on the public decision to privatize the provision of a service when contracts are incomplete and there is asymmetric information. We show that both corruption and bad governance are detrimental to welfare, but that removing only one of the two is not necessarily beneficial if the other is still present. The theory supplies a possible explanation to the controversial empirical evidence on the economic effects of corruption
|
A Second Best Theory of Institutional Quality
|
a second best theory of institutional quality
|
illustrates achievement optimum institutional nature. corruption governance privatize provision contracts incomplete asymmetric information. corruption governance detrimental welfare removing necessarily beneficial present. supplies explanation controversial corruption
|
exact_dup
|
[
"53176288"
] |
42905308
|
10.1016/j.geomorph.2015.05.020
|
Multibeam swath bathymetry data sets collected over the past two decades have been compiled to identify palaeo-ice stream pathways in the easternmost Amundsen Sea Embayment. We mapped ~ 3000 glacial landforms to reconstruct ice flow in the ~ 250-km-long cross-shelf Abbot Trough. This bathymetric feature was occupied by a large ice stream, which was fed by two tributaries (Cosgrove and Abbot) and reached the continental shelf edge during the last maximum ice sheet advance. Geomorphological mapping has enabled a clear differentiation between subglacial landforms indicating warm- (e.g., megascale glacial lineations) and cold-based (e.g., hill–hole pairs) ice conditions on the continental shelf during the last glaciation. Grounding-zone wedges and recessional moraines, mapped within the palaeo-ice stream troughs and on adjacent sea-floor highs (referred to as inter-ice stream ridges) indicate grounding line stillstands or re-advances of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet during the last deglaciation of the shelf. We observe that the locations of grounding-zone wedges coincide with trough constrictions as well as local topographic highs of harder substrate. This combination of trough ‘bottlenecks’ and local pinning points on an otherwise retrograde slope is likely to have modified the pace of grounding-line retreat, causing the grounding zone to pause and deposit grounding-zone wedges. The episodic retreat recorded within Abbot Trough corresponds to post-glacial episodic retreat interpreted for the neighbouring Pine Island–Thwaites palaeo-ice stream trough, thus suggesting a uniform pattern of retreat across the eastern Amundsen Sea Embayment. Locally, indications are strong that a change in basal thermal regime of the ice from warm- to cold-based conditions occurred prior to final retreat, as hill–hole pairs overprint megascale glacial lineations. Further, the correlation of grounding-zone wedges with geological boundaries emphasises the influence of subglacial geology on ice stream flow. Our new geomorphological map of the easternmost Amundsen Sea Embayment resolves the pathways of palaeo-ice streams that were probably all active during the last maximum extent of the ice sheet, and the extent of adjacent inter-ice stream ridges. It reveals information about the style of, and the basal thermal regime during, the subsequent grounding line retreat. Such information provides an important empirical framework by which the accuracy of ice sheet models can be gauged
|
Palaeo-ice stream pathways and retreat style in the easternmost Amundsen Sea Embayment, West Antarctica, revealed by combined multibeam bathymetric and seismic data
|
palaeo-ice stream pathways and retreat style in the easternmost amundsen sea embayment, west antarctica, revealed by combined multibeam bathymetric and seismic data
|
multibeam swath bathymetry decades compiled palaeo stream pathways easternmost amundsen embayment. mapped glacial landforms reconstruct shelf abbot trough. bathymetric occupied stream tributaries cosgrove abbot reached continental shelf sheet advance. geomorphological enabled subglacial landforms warm e.g. megascale glacial lineations cold e.g. hill–hole continental shelf glaciation. grounding wedges recessional moraines mapped palaeo stream troughs adjacent floor highs referred stream ridges grounding stillstands advances west antarctic sheet deglaciation shelf. locations grounding wedges coincide trough constrictions topographic highs harder substrate. trough ‘bottlenecks’ pinning retrograde pace grounding retreat causing grounding pause deposit grounding wedges. episodic retreat abbot trough glacial episodic retreat interpreted neighbouring pine island–thwaites palaeo stream trough retreat eastern amundsen embayment. locally indications basal warm cold occurred retreat hill–hole overprint megascale glacial lineations. grounding wedges geological boundaries emphasises subglacial geology stream flow. geomorphological easternmost amundsen embayment resolves pathways palaeo streams probably sheet adjacent stream ridges. reveals style basal grounding retreat. sheet gauged
|
exact_dup
|
[
"33452706"
] |
46171247
|
10.1016/j.trc.2015.07.011
|
Airports face challenges due to the increasing volume of air traffic and tighter environmental restrictions which result in a need to actively integrate speed profiles into conventional routing and scheduling procedure. However, only until very recently, the research on airport ground movement has started to take into account such a speed profile optimisation problem actively so that not only time efficiency but also fuel saving and decrease in airport emissions can be achieved at the same time. It is envisioned that the realism of planning could also be improved through speed profiles. However, due to the multi-objective nature of the problem and complexity of the investigated models (objective functions), the existing speed profile optimisation approach features high computational demand and is not suitable for an on-line application. In order to make this approach more competitive for real-world application and to meet limits imposed by International Civil Aviation Organization for on-line decision time, this paper introduces a pre-computed database acting as a middleware to effectively separate the planning (routing and scheduling) module and the speed profile generation module. Employing a database not only circumvents duplicative optimisation for the same taxiway segments, but also completely avoids the computation of speed profiles during the on-line decision support owing a great deal to newly proposed database initialization procedures. Moreover, the added layer of database facilitates, in the future, more complex and realistic models to be considered in the speed profile generation module, without sacrificing on-line decision time. The experimental results carried out using data from a major European hub show that the proposed approach is promising in speeding up the search process
|
A real-time Active Routing approach via a database for airport surface movement
|
a real-time active routing approach via a database for airport surface movement
|
airports challenges traffic tighter restrictions actively integrate routing scheduling procedure. airport movement started optimisation actively fuel saving airport time. envisioned realism planning profiles. optimisation application. competitive meet imposed civil aviation introduces acting middleware effectively planning routing scheduling module module. employing circumvents duplicative optimisation taxiway segments avoids owing great deal newly initialization procedures. facilitates realistic module sacrificing time. promising speeding
|
exact_dup
|
[
"42583237"
] |
46775215
|
10.1103/PhysRevC.77.021301
|
The structure and 2α + 2p breakup of $^{10}$C, the only known Brunnian nucleus, has been studied at 33.3 MeV/nucleon. The breakup kinematics were used to reconstruct the $^{10}$C→$^{9}$B +p, $^{9}$B→$^{8}$Be +p, $^{8}$Be→ α + α and $^{10}$C → $^{6}$Be +α, $^{6}$Be → $^{5}$Li +p, $^{5}$Li → α + p decay paths. Proton emission was seen to be favored. The decay of excited states at Ex = 4.20, 5.31, and 6.74 MeV was observed. The previously unobserved state at 4.20 MeV may correspond to a J$^{π}$ = 0$^{+}$α + 2p + α cluster structure
|
Breakup reaction study of the Brunnian nucleus $^{10}$C
|
breakup reaction study of the brunnian nucleus $^{10}$c
|
breakup brunnian nucleus nucleon. breakup kinematics reconstruct paths. proton favored. excited observed. unobserved
|
exact_dup
|
[
"152244694"
] |
46778140
|
10.1016/j.jnucmat.2006.02.094
|
RADIOCHIn the field of the immobilization of tri- and tetravalent minor actinides, apatites and especially britholites were already proposed as good candidates. In order to simulate tetravalent minor actinides, the incorporation of thorium, through dry chemical routes, was studied in britholite samples of general formula Ca9Nd1−xThx(PO4)5−x(SiO4)1+xF2. The study showed that the incorporation of thorium was effective whatever the thorium reagent used or the grinding conditions considered. Nevertheless, it appeared necessary to use mechanical grinding (30 Hz, 15 min) before heating treatment (T = 1400 °C, 6 h) to improve the reactivity of powders and the sample homogeneity. In these conditions, the incorporation of thorium in the britholite structure occurred above 1100 °C. The heating treatment at 1400 °C led to single phase and homogeneous compounds. This work also underlined the necessity to prefer the coupled substitution Click to view the MathML source instead of (Nd3+, F−) left right double arrow (Th4+, O2−) in order to prepare pure and single phase samples in all the range of composition examined
|
Synthesis and characterization of thorium-bearing britholites
|
synthesis and characterization of thorium-bearing britholites
|
radiochin immobilization tetravalent minor actinides apatites britholites candidates. simulate tetravalent minor actinides incorporation thorium routes britholite −xthx incorporation thorium whatever thorium reagent grinding considered. nevertheless appeared grinding heating reactivity powders homogeneity. incorporation thorium britholite occurred heating homogeneous compounds. underlined necessity prefer substitution click mathml arrow prepare
|
exact_dup
|
[
"152319045",
"52704059"
] |
47316657
|
10.1007/978-3-662-45708-5_1
|
International audienceThe theme for the 2014 IFIP WG 8.2 working conference was ‘Information Systems and Global Assemblages: (Re)Configuring Actors, Artefacts, Organizations’. The motivation behind the choice of the conference theme has been the increasing appreciation of notions of emergence, heterogeneity and temporality in IS studies. We found that the conference provided an opportune occasion for inviting scholars interested in exploring these notions, their relevance and promise for IS studies. The concept of the ‘assemblage’ [1], already referenced in IS studies, as will be discussed below, and with significant popularity in other fields, such as anthropology, geography and cultural studies, provided the stepping stone for approaching the heterogeneous, emergent and situated nature of information systems and organization. In particular, we opted for highlighting the ‘global assemblage’[2] as a metaphor to talk about challenging yet often creative tensions that emerge as global imperatives (geographical, intellectual, procedural and others) interact with local arrangements of actors, artefacts and organizations. Here ‘global’ does not mean universal or everywhere, but mobile, abstractable, and capable of recontextualization across diverse social and cultural situations.This book provides a collection of contributions by scholars who responded to our invitation, adding depth and breadth to our understanding of the concept and its value for IS studies. At the same time, some contributors chose to discuss emergence, heterogeneity and situatedness in different terms, drawing upon alternative theoretical traditions and concepts. The result has been an engaging and stimulating mix of ideas that points towards the ‘multiple’ trajectories - current and future - of this exciting stream of research
|
Information Systems and Assemblages
|
information systems and assemblages
|
audiencethe theme ifip ‘information assemblages configuring actors artefacts organizations’. motivation behind theme appreciation notions emergence heterogeneity temporality studies. opportune occasion inviting scholars interested exploring notions relevance promise studies. ‘assemblage’ referenced popularity anthropology geography cultural stepping stone approaching heterogeneous emergent situated organization. opted highlighting ‘global assemblage’ metaphor talk challenging creative tensions emerge imperatives geographical intellectual procedural interact arrangements actors artefacts organizations. ‘global’ universal everywhere mobile abstractable capable recontextualization diverse cultural situations.this book scholars responded invitation adding breadth studies. contributors chose emergence heterogeneity situatedness drawing traditions concepts. engaging stimulating ideas ‘multiple’ trajectories exciting stream
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47359193"
] |
47321825
|
10.1007/s00163-016-0241-4
|
International audienceAs underlined in Arthur " s book " the nature of technology " we are very knowledgeable on the design of objects, services or technical systems, but we don " t know much on the dynamics of technologies. Still contemporary innovation often consists in designing techniques with systemic impact. They are pervasive– both invasive and perturbing-, they recompose the family of techniques. Can we model the impact and the design of such techniques? More specifically: how can one design generic technology, ie a single technology that provokes a complete reordering of families of techniques? Recent advances in design theories open new possibilities to answer these questions. In this paper we use C-K design theory and a matroid-based model of the set of techniques to propose a new model (C-K/Ma) of the dynamics of techniques, accounting for the design of generic technologies. We show: F1: C-K/Ma offers a computational model for designing a technique with systemic impact. This model sheds new light on the logics of combination in design – the model helps to identify four logics of " combinations " , from non-generative combinatorics to generative one
|
Designing techniques for systemic impact: lessons from C-K theory and matroid structures
|
designing techniques for systemic impact: lessons from c-k theory and matroid structures
|
audienceas underlined arthur book knowledgeable technologies. contemporary innovation designing systemic impact. pervasive– invasive perturbing recompose techniques. generic provokes reordering families advances possibilities answer questions. matroid propose accounting generic technologies. offers designing systemic impact. sheds logics helps logics combinations generative combinatorics generative
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47286765",
"51221859"
] |
47347568
|
10.1007/978-3-642-55355-4_13
|
Part 3: Finance and Service ScienceInternational audienceThe increased complexity in education systems has given rise to a number of intersecting trends and calling for a discipline to integrate across academic silos. As the concept of service innovation advances more rapidly into education services; industry, government, and academy are awakened to the concept of embedding services innovation. This theoretical paper offers an integrated framework for education systems (IFES) covering two intersecting dimensions where service innovation and service science can take place. As an effort to contribute in the area of service innovation and service sciences, an interdisciplinary approach is applied, interconnecting an array of competences across the different stakeholders. It is hypothesized that to increase productivity in education industries, interconnecting knowledge and resources from diverse areas and across different stakeholders through the co-lineation of four dimensions: (1) information, communications and technology; (2) skills and tools; (3) people and attitudes; (4) systems, processes and management; are essential to creating service innovation. This paper contributes a perspective of interconnectivity balanced with harmony that are crucial for effective productivity and service innovation by adopting a service science approach
|
An Interdisciplinary Perspective on Education Service Systems
|
an interdisciplinary perspective on education service systems
|
finance scienceinternational audiencethe intersecting calling discipline integrate academic silos. innovation advances rapidly academy awakened embedding innovation. offers ifes covering intersecting innovation place. effort innovation interdisciplinary interconnecting array competences stakeholders. hypothesized productivity industries interconnecting diverse stakeholders lineation communications skills attitudes creating innovation. contributes perspective interconnectivity balanced harmony crucial productivity innovation adopting
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47307323"
] |
48157696
|
10.1016/j.materresbull.2009.10.003
|
International audienceThe replacement of tantalum by the couple Zr/W within the RTa-O-N systems (R = Y, Nd, Sm, Gd, Yb), enables the preparation of novel oxide and oxynitride phases in the R-Zr-W-O-N system. R2Zr2xWxO7+x oxides exhibit the fluorite-type (x < 0.9) and scheelite (x 1) structures. Corresponding oxynitride compositions are of the fluorite-type and show different colors, for example in the case of ytterbium: pale yellow (x = 0.2 or 0.25), green (x = 0.5-0.8) and brown for the tungsten-rich samples (x = 0.9, 1). Photocatalytic activity measurements have been performed to investigate the overall water splitting behavior of these colored phases
|
Study of the R-(Zr,W)-(O,N) (R = Y, Nd, Sm, Gd, Yb) oxynitride system
|
study of the r-(zr,w)-(o,n) (r = y, nd, sm, gd, yb) oxynitride system
|
audiencethe replacement tantalum couple enables preparation oxide oxynitride system. xwxo oxides exhibit fluorite scheelite structures. oxynitride compositions fluorite colors ytterbium pale yellow brown tungsten photocatalytic splitting colored
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52861242"
] |
48157905
|
10.1083/jcb.200302157
|
International audienceThe GTPase Rab27A interacts with myosin-VIIa and myosin-Va via MyRIP or melanophilin and mediates melanosome binding to actin. Here we show that Rab27A and MyRIP are associated with secretory granules (SGs) in adrenal chromaffin cells and PC12 cells. Overexpression of Rab27A, GTPase-deficient Rab27A-Q78L, or MyRIP reduced secretory responses of PC12 cells. Amperometric recordings of single adrenal chromaffin cells revealed that Rab27A-Q78L and MyRIP reduced the sustained component of release. Moreover, these effects on secretion were partly suppressed by the actin-depolymerizing drug latrunculin but strengthened by jasplakinolide, which stabilizes the actin cortex. Finally, MyRIP and Rab27A-Q78L restricted the motion of SGs in the subplasmalemmal region of PC12 cells, as measured by evanescent-wave fluorescence microscopy. In contrast, the Rab27A-binding domain of MyRIP and a MyRIP construct that interacts with myosin-Va but not with actin increased the mobility of SGs. We propose that Rab27A and MyRIP link SGs to F-actin and control their motion toward release sites through the actin cortex
|
Rab27A and its effector MyRIP link secretory granules to F-actin and control their motion towards release sites
|
rab27a and its effector myrip link secretory granules to f-actin and control their motion towards release sites
|
audiencethe gtpase interacts myosin viia myosin myrip melanophilin mediates melanosome actin. myrip secretory granules adrenal chromaffin cells. overexpression gtpase deficient myrip secretory cells. amperometric recordings adrenal chromaffin myrip sustained release. secretion partly suppressed actin depolymerizing latrunculin strengthened jasplakinolide stabilizes actin cortex. myrip restricted subplasmalemmal evanescent fluorescence microscopy. myrip myrip interacts myosin actin mobility sgs. propose myrip actin toward actin cortex
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52191683"
] |
48227594
|
10.1007/s00030-012-0158-1
|
The previous versions of this preprint had the different title Hamilton-Jacobi equation on networks. The link for these old versions is hal-00503910 - version 4International audienceWe consider continuous-state and continuous-time control problems where the admissible trajectories of the system are constrained to remain on a network. In our setting, the value function is continuous. We de ne a notion of constrained viscosity solution of Hamilton-Jacobi equations on the network and we study related comparison principles. Under suitable assumptions, we prove in particular that the value function is the unique constrained viscosity solution of the Hamilton-Jacobi equation on the network
|
Hamilton-Jacobi equations constrained on networks
|
hamilton-jacobi equations constrained on networks
|
versions preprint title hamilton jacobi networks. versions audiencewe admissible trajectories constrained network. continuous. notion constrained viscosity hamilton jacobi principles. assumptions constrained viscosity hamilton jacobi
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47104397"
] |
48323671
|
10.1007/s10436-014-0258-5
|
International audienceWe study a mean-field version of rank-based models of equity markets such as the Atlas model introduced by Fernholz in the framework of Stochastic Portfolio Theory. We obtain an asymptotic description of the market when the number of companies grows to infinity. Then, we discuss the long-term capital distribution. We recover the Pareto-like shape of capital distribution curves usually derived from empirical studies, and provide a new description of the phase transition phenomenon observed by Chatterjee and Pal. Finally, we address the performance of simple portfolio rules and highlight the influence of the volatility structure on the growth of portfolios
|
Capital distribution and portfolio performance in the mean-field Atlas model
|
capital distribution and portfolio performance in the mean-field atlas model
|
audiencewe equity markets atlas fernholz stochastic portfolio theory. asymptotic companies grows infinity. capital distribution. recover pareto capital phenomenon chatterjee pal. portfolio highlight volatility portfolios
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exact_dup
|
[
"47091723"
] |
48347957
|
10.1002/asl.303
|
International audienceIn the framework of the African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analyses (AMMA) programme, several tools have been developed in order to facilitate and speed up data and information exchange between researchers from different disciplines. The AMMA information system includes a multidisciplinary user-friendly distributed data management and distribution system, a reports and quick looks archive associated with a display website and scientific papers exchange systems. All the applications have been developed by several French institutions and fully duplicated in Niamey, Niger
|
AMMA information system: an efficient cross-disciplinary tool and a legacy for forthcoming projects
|
amma information system: an efficient cross-disciplinary tool and a legacy for forthcoming projects
|
audiencein african monsoon multidisciplinary amma programme facilitate researchers disciplines. amma multidisciplinary friendly quick looks archive display website papers systems. french institutions duplicated niamey niger
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52691111",
"52733994",
"52905841"
] |
48357004
|
10.1007/s00382-006-0158-0
|
The LMDZ4 general circulation model is the atmospheric component of the IPSL-CM4 coupled model which has been used to perform climate change simulations for the 4th IPCC assessment report. The main aspects of the model climatology (forced by observed sea surface temperature) are documented here, as well as the major improvements with respect to the previous versions, which mainly come form the parametrization of tropical convection. A methodology is proposed to help analyse the sensitivity of the tropical Hadley- Walker circulation to the parametrization of cumulus convection and clouds. The tropical circulation is characterized using scalar potentials associated with the horizontal wind and horizontal transport of geopotential (the Laplacian of which is proportional to the total vertical momentum in the atmospheric column). The effect of parametrized physics is analysed in a regime sorted framework using the vertical velocity at 500 hPa as a proxy for large scale vertical motion. Compared to Tiedtke s convection scheme, used in previous versions, the Emanuel s scheme improves the representation of the Hadley-Walker circulation, with a relatively stronger and deeper large scale vertical ascent over tropical continents, and suppresses the marked patterns of concentrated rainfall over oceans. Thanks to the regime sorted analyses, this differences are attributed to intrinsic differences in the vertical distribution of convective heating, and to the lack of self-inhibition by precipitating downdraughts in Tiedtke s parametrization. Both the convection and cloud schemes are shown to control the relative importance of large scale convection over land and ocean, an important point for the behaviour of the coupled model
|
The LMDZ4 general circulation model: climate performance and sensitivity to parametrized physics with emphasis on tropical convection
|
the lmdz4 general circulation model: climate performance and sensitivity to parametrized physics with emphasis on tropical convection
|
lmdz circulation ipsl ipcc report. climatology forced documented improvements versions come parametrization tropical convection. methodology analyse tropical hadley walker circulation parametrization cumulus convection clouds. tropical circulation potentials geopotential laplacian parametrized analysed sorted proxy motion. tiedtke convection versions emanuel improves hadley walker circulation stronger deeper ascent tropical continents suppresses marked concentrated rainfall oceans. thanks sorted attributed intrinsic convective heating precipitating downdraughts tiedtke parametrization. convection schemes convection ocean
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52704295",
"52764987",
"52914422"
] |
49283648
|
10.1093/petrology/egu021
|
International audienceThe intensive variables of dacitic-rhyodacitic magmas prior to four large Plinian eruptions of Santorini Volcano over the last 200 kyr (Minoan, Cape Riva, Lower Pumice 2 and Lower Pumice 1) were determined by combining crystallization experiments with study of the natural products, including the volatile contents of melt inclusions trapped in phenocrysts. Phase equilibria of the silicic magmas were determined at pressures of 1, 2 and 4 kbar, temperatures of 850-900°C, fluid (H2O + CO2)-saturation, XH2O [= molar H2O/(H2O + CO2)] between 0*6 and 1 (melt H2O contents of 2-10 wt %), and redox conditions of FMQ (fayalite-magnetite-quartz buffer) or NNO + 1 (where NNO is Ni-NiO buffer). Experiments were generally successful in reproducing the phenocryst assemblage of the natural products. The phase relationships vary significantly among the investigated compositions, revealing a sensitivity to small variations in whole-rock compositions. Our results show that the pre-eruptive storage conditions of the four silicic magmas were all very similar. The magmas were stored at T = 850-900°C and P ≥ 2 kbar, under moderately reduced conditions (ΔNNO = −0*9 to −0*1), and were poor in fluorine (∼500-800 ppm) and sulphur (≤100 ppm), but rich in water and chlorine (5-6 wt % and 2500-3500 ppm, respectively). In all cases, the melts were slightly undersaturated with respect to H2O, but most probably saturated with respect to H2O + Cl ± CO2 and a brine. The Santorini magma plumbing system appears to be dominated by a large, long-lived (≥200 kyr) predominantly silicic magma storage region situated at ≥8 km depth, from which crystal-poor melt batches were extracted during the largest caldera-forming eruptions of the volcanic system
|
Magma Storage Conditions of Large Plinian Eruptions of Santorini Volcano (Greece)
|
magma storage conditions of large plinian eruptions of santorini volcano (greece)
|
audiencethe intensive dacitic rhyodacitic magmas plinian eruptions santorini volcano minoan cape riva pumice pumice combining crystallization volatile contents melt inclusions trapped phenocrysts. equilibria silicic magmas pressures kbar saturation molar melt contents redox fayalite magnetite quartz successful reproducing phenocryst assemblage products. vary compositions revealing rock compositions. eruptive storage silicic magmas similar. magmas stored kbar moderately δnno fluorine sulphur chlorine melts undersaturated probably saturated brine. santorini magma plumbing dominated lived predominantly silicic magma storage situated melt batches caldera forming eruptions volcanic
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52642112",
"52720768"
] |
50615145
|
10.1016/j.nima.2010.10.141
|
International audienceAn active dipole antenna is in operation since five years at the Nançay radio Observatory (France) in the CODALEMA experiment. A new version of this active antenna has been developed, whose shape gave its name of "Butterfly" antenna. Compared to the previous version, this new antenna has been designed to be more efficient at low frequencies, which could permit the detection of atmospheric showers at large distances. Despite a size of only 2 m×1 m in each polarization, its sensitivity is excellent in the 30-80 MHz bandwidth. Three antennas in dual polarization were installed on the CODALEMA experiment, and four other have been recently installed on the Auger area in the scope of the AERA project. The main characteristics of the Butterfly antenna are detailed with an emphasis on its key features which make it a good candidate for the low frequency radioastronomy and the radio detection of transients induced by high energy cosmic rays
|
Antenna development for astroparticle and radioastronomy experiments
|
antenna development for astroparticle and radioastronomy experiments
|
audiencean dipole antenna nançay observatory codalema experiment. antenna gave name butterfly antenna. antenna permit showers distances. excellent bandwidth. antennas installed codalema installed auger scope aera project. butterfly antenna emphasis candidate radioastronomy transients cosmic rays
|
exact_dup
|
[
"46757278",
"52998161"
] |
51223294
|
10.1016/j.wasman.2006.07.019
|
International audienceThe paper aims at simulating the closed-system dynamic leaching of a cement-based monolith containing lead with the numerical reactive transport code HYTEC in a 3D-cylindrical geometry. The model considers, simultaneously, the chemical evolution of pore water, the progression of mineralogical alteration fronts, and the concomitant release of elements from the S/S waste. In good agreement with the experiment, element releases were found to be mainly controlled by either diffusion (Na, K, and, to a lesser extent, Cl), by surface dissolution (Ca, Si) or by a mixed evolution (Pb, SO4). All of the calculated mineralogical transformations take place in a thin layer beyond the monolith surface. Consequently, modelling of Ca, Si and SO4 releases was quite sensitive to the node size of the simulation grid and was improved by taking into account the increase of porosity and effective diffusion coefficient due to mineral dissolution in the leached layer. In agreement with experimental results, the deepest front corresponds under closed-system conditions to portlandite dissolution and calcium silicate hydrates CSH 1.8 transformation into CSH of lower Ca/Si ratio. A second, distinct and intermediate, front is made by ettringite dissolution. The network of CSH is globally preserved in the leached layer, complete dissolution occurring over a very small thickness only. Finally, hydrotalcite precipitation in the leached layer is expected by modelling due to pH drop
|
Modelling of long-term dynamic leaching tests applied to solidified/stabilised waste
|
modelling of long-term dynamic leaching tests applied to solidified/stabilised waste
|
audiencethe aims simulating leaching cement monolith reactive hytec cylindrical geometry. considers simultaneously pore progression mineralogical alteration fronts concomitant waste. releases lesser dissolution mineralogical transformations monolith surface. releases porosity mineral dissolution leached layer. deepest front portlandite dissolution calcium silicate hydrates ratio. front ettringite dissolution. globally preserved leached dissolution occurring only. hydrotalcite precipitation leached drop
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52665009"
] |
51231446
|
10.1016/S1521-6136(07)00204-7
|
International audienceThis chapter approaches the question of government and surveillance through a comparison between the control practices observable in two types of places. First, we focus on international airports, specifically the French international airport of Orly. Airports are maximum security zones where persons perceived as having no legitimate business are expelled and where suspicious objects are destroyed. The second kind of places are the ones labeled as "no-go areas", violent pockets within urban space. Social housing projects located in the bleak suburbs of French cities are such dangerous zones. Both kinds of places - airports and no-go areas - have very different time and space features: people briefly pass through anonymous airports where relationships are kept at an impersonal minimum, whereas the population of a housing estate area is made of "permanent transients" pinned down by a shared fate of which there seems no escape
|
The check and the guardianship: A comparison of surveillance at an airport and a housing-estate area in the Paris outskirts
|
the check and the guardianship: a comparison of surveillance at an airport and a housing-estate area in the paris outskirts
|
audiencethis surveillance practices observable places. airports french airport orly. airports security zones persons perceived legitimate expelled suspicious destroyed. kind places labeled violent pockets space. housing projects bleak suburbs french cities dangerous zones. kinds places airports briefly pass anonymous airports kept impersonal housing estate permanent transients pinned shared fate escape
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47745968",
"47782657"
] |
51236679
|
10.1016/0045-7949(95)00009-6
|
The subject of this paper is the formulation of boundary integral equations for first- and second-order shape sensitivities of boundary elastic fields in three-dimensional bodies. Here the direct differentiation approach is considered. It relies on the repeated application of the material derivative concept to the governing regularized (i.e. weakly singular) displacement boundary integral equation (RDBIE) for an elastostatic state on a given domain. As a result, governing BIEs, which are also weakly singular, are obtained for the elastic sensitivities up to the second order. They are formulated so as to allow a straightforward implementation; in particular no strongly singular integral is involved. It is shown that the actual computation of shape sensitivities using usual BEM discretization uses the already built and factored discrete integral operators and needs only to set up additional right-hand sides and additional backsubstitutions. Some relevant discretization aspects are discussed
|
Regularized BIE formulations for first- and second-order shape sensitivity of elastic fields.
|
regularized bie formulations for first- and second-order shape sensitivity of elastic fields.
|
formulation sensitivities elastic bodies. considered. relies repeated governing regularized i.e. weakly singular displacement rdbie elastostatic domain. governing bies weakly singular elastic sensitivities order. formulated straightforward singular involved. sensitivities usual discretization built factored sides backsubstitutions. discretization
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52915118"
] |
51941624
|
10.1007/s11203-015-9122-0
|
International audienceIn this work, a mixed stochastic differential model is studied with two random effects in the drift. We assume that N trajectories are continuously observed throughout a time interval [0, T]. Two directions are investigated. First we estimate the random effects from one trajectory and give a bound of the $L^2$-risk of the estimators. Secondly, we build a nonparametric estimator of the common bivariate density of the random effects. The mean integrated squared error is studied. The performances of the density estimator are illustrated on simulations
|
Bidimensional Random Effect Estimation in Mixed Stochastic Differential Model
|
bidimensional random effect estimation in mixed stochastic differential model
|
audiencein stochastic drift. trajectories continuously directions investigated. trajectory estimators. secondly build nonparametric estimator bivariate effects. squared studied. performances estimator illustrated
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52192657"
] |
51962070
|
10.1074/jbc.M112.360354
|
International audienceMost of the Coq proteins involved in coenzyme Q (ubiquinone or Q) biosynthesis are interdependent within a multiprotein complex in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Lack of only one Coq polypeptide, as in Δcoq strains, results in the degradation of several Coq proteins. Consequently, Δcoq strains accumulate the same early intermediate of the Q(6) biosynthetic pathway; this intermediate is therefore not informative about the deficient biosynthetic step in a particular Δcoq strain. In this work, we report that the overexpression of the protein Coq8 in Δcoq strains restores steady state levels of the unstable Coq proteins. Coq8 has been proposed to be a kinase, and we provide evidence that the kinase activity is essential for the stabilizing effect of Coq8 in the Δcoq strains. This stabilization results in the accumulation of several novel Q(6) biosynthetic intermediates. These Q intermediates identify chemical steps impaired in cells lacking Coq4 and Coq9 polypeptides, for which no function has been established to date. Several of the new intermediates contain a C4-amine and provide information on the deamination reaction that takes place when para-aminobenzoic acid is used as a ring precursor of Q(6). Finally, we used synthetic analogues of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid to bypass deficient biosynthetic steps, and we show here that 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid is able to restore Q(6) biosynthesis and respiratory growth in a Δcoq7 strain overexpressing Coq8. The overexpression of Coq8 and the use of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid analogues represent innovative tools to elucidate the Q biosynthetic pathway
|
Overexpression of the Coq8 kinase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae coq null mutants allows for accumulation of diagnostic intermediates of the coenzyme Q6 biosynthetic pathway.
|
overexpression of the coq8 kinase in saccharomyces cerevisiae coq null mutants allows for accumulation of diagnostic intermediates of the coenzyme q6 biosynthetic pathway.
|
audiencemost coenzyme ubiquinone biosynthesis interdependent multiprotein yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. polypeptide δcoq degradation proteins. δcoq accumulate biosynthetic informative deficient biosynthetic δcoq strain. overexpression δcoq restores steady unstable proteins. stabilizing δcoq strains. stabilization accumulation biosynthetic intermediates. intermediates impaired lacking polypeptides date. intermediates amine deamination para aminobenzoic precursor synthetic analogues hydroxybenzoic bypass deficient biosynthetic dihydroxybenzoic restore biosynthesis respiratory δcoq overexpressing overexpression hydroxybenzoic analogues innovative elucidate biosynthetic
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52682959"
] |
52047502
|
10.1016/j.aquaculture.2011.03.016
|
The effect of water treatment and flow rate on young Atlantic cod juveniles was investigated in a 36-days experiment. Four different flow rates (10, 20, 40, and 70 times the effective tank volume per day) were set up in triplicate tanks within each of three rigs with recirculated, UV-radiated, and untreated water, respectively. Each of the 36 tanks was stocked with 200 weaned cod juveniles at a mean weight of 0.048 g. Fish mortality was recorded daily in all tanks, and growth (wet weight) was determined at the end of the experiment. The microflora in the rearing water was investigated by means of PCR-DGGE and flow cytometry. Observed mortality was significantly higher at low flow rates while otherwise unexplained mortality (presumed to be due to cannibalism) was lowest in the recirculation system. No correlation was found between survival and growth. Growth was significantly affected by both water exchange rate and treatment, as the juveniles from high flow rates and the UV-treatment showed elevated growth rates. Both growth and survival scaled in accordance with metabolic factors like oxygen saturation and unionized ammonia. Bacterial concentrations increased in all tanks and treatment from the beginning of the experiment to the end. The UV-treated and untreated water started at typical seawater concentrations (0.5−1 × 10'raised to the sixth power' mLˉ¹) and increased five to tenfold during the experiment. The recycled water tanks started with bacterial concentrations 2–5 times higher than the UV- and untreated experiments at the time of fish transfer, and ended up with 10 times higher concentrations in the end. Cluster analysis of the DGGE profiles separated the recirculation tanks, including the respective inlet water, from the flow-through systems, with one exception (the highest flow rate). Eighty-five% of the sequences clustered within the Gammaproteobacteria, further divided into four distinct clusters. One of the clusters was only detected in the recirculation system, and showed highest affiliation to bacteria belonging to the Alteromonas/Pseudoalteromonas genera. In contrast, bacteria belonging to the family Vibrionaceae were detected in the flow-through systems
|
Water quality and microbial community structure in juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) cultures
|
water quality and microbial community structure in juvenile atlantic cod (gadus morhua l.) cultures
|
atlantic juveniles experiment. tank triplicate tanks rigs recirculated radiated untreated respectively. tanks stocked weaned juveniles fish tanks experiment. microflora rearing dgge cytometry. unexplained presumed cannibalism recirculation system. growth. juveniles elevated rates. scaled accordance metabolic saturation unionized ammonia. bacterial tanks beginning end. untreated started seawater raised sixth mlˉ¹ tenfold experiment. recycled tanks started bacterial untreated fish ended end. dgge separated recirculation tanks respective inlet exception eighty clustered gammaproteobacteria divided clusters. recirculation affiliation bacteria belonging alteromonas pseudoalteromonas genera. bacteria belonging vibrionaceae
|
exact_dup
|
[
"30846485",
"30853592",
"52051428"
] |
52171084
|
10.1017/jfm.2013.479
|
We study the classical Landau-Levich dip-coating problem for the case in which the interface possesses both elasticity and surface tension. The aim of the study is to develop a complete asymptotic theory of the elastocapillary Landau-Levich problem in the limit of small flow speeds. As such, the paper also extends our previous study on purely elastic Landau-Levich flow (Dixit & Homsy J. Fluid Mech., vol. 732, 2013, pp. 5-28) to include the effect of surface tension. The elasticity of the interface is described by the Helfrich model and surface tension is modelled in the usual way. We define an elastocapillary number, epsilon, which represents the relative strength of elasticity to surface tension. Based on the size of epsilon, we can define three different regimes of interest. In each of these regimes, we carry out asymptotic expansions in the small capillary (or elasticity) numbers, which represents the balance of viscous forces to surface tension (or elasticity)
|
The elastocapillary Landau-Levich problem
|
the elastocapillary landau-levich problem
|
landau levich coating possesses elasticity tension. asymptotic elastocapillary landau levich speeds. extends purely elastic landau levich dixit homsy mech. vol. tension. elasticity helfrich tension modelled usual way. elastocapillary epsilon elasticity tension. epsilon regimes interest. regimes carry asymptotic expansions capillary elasticity balance viscous forces tension elasticity
|
exact_dup
|
[
"38679851"
] |
52200609
|
10.1007/s00125-006-0449-3
|
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Beta cell development is sensitive to glucocorticoid levels. Although direct effects of glucocorticoids on pancreatic precursors have been shown to control beta cell mass expansion, indirect effects of these hormones on pancreatic development remain unexplored. This issue was addressed in mice lacking the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in the whole organism. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The pancreatic phenotype of GR(null/null) mice was studied at fetal ages (embryonic day [E]) E15.5 and E18 by immunohistochemistry and beta cell fraction measurements. To distinguish between direct and indirect effects, mutant E15.5 fetal pancreata were grafted under the kidney capsule of immunodeficient mice and analysed after 1 week. RESULTS: E18 GR(null/null) fetuses had smaller digestive tracts and tiny pancreata. Massive pancreatic disorganisation and apoptosis were observed despite the presence of all cell types. E15.5 GR(null/null) mutants were indistinguishable from wild-type regarding pancreatic size, tissue structure and organisation, beta cell fraction and production of exocrine transcription factor Ptf1a, neurogenin 3 and Pdx-1. Grafting E15.5 GR(null/null) pancreata into a GR-expressing environment rescued the increased apoptosis and mature islets were observed, suggesting that GR(null/null) pancreatic cell death can be attributed to indirect effects of glucocorticoids on this tissue. Heterozygous GR(+/null) mutants with reduced GR numbers showed no apoptosis but increased beta cell fraction at E18 and the adult age, strengthening the importance of an accurate GR dosage on beta cell mass expansion. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Our results provide evidence for GR involvement in pancreatic tissue organisation and survival through indirect effects. GR does not appear necessary for early phases, but its accurate dosage is critical to modulate beta cell mass expansion at later fetal stages, presumably through direct effects
|
Glucocorticoid signalling affects pancreatic development through both direct and indirect effects.
:
Direct and indirect effects of glucocorticoids on pancreas
|
glucocorticoid signalling affects pancreatic development through both direct and indirect effects. : direct and indirect effects of glucocorticoids on pancreas
|
aims beta glucocorticoid levels. glucocorticoids pancreatic precursors beta indirect hormones pancreatic unexplored. addressed lacking glucocorticoid organism. pancreatic phenotype fetal ages embryonic immunohistochemistry beta measurements. distinguish indirect fetal pancreata grafted kidney capsule immunodeficient analysed week. fetuses digestive tracts tiny pancreata. massive pancreatic disorganisation apoptosis types. mutants indistinguishable pancreatic organisation beta exocrine neurogenin grafting pancreata expressing rescued apoptosis mature islets pancreatic attributed indirect glucocorticoids tissue. heterozygous mutants apoptosis beta strengthening dosage beta expansion. involvement pancreatic organisation indirect effects. dosage modulate beta fetal presumably
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47123650"
] |
52293466
|
10.1016/j.disc.2013.01.011
|
International audienceLet $f(k)$ be the smallest integer such that every $f(k)$-chromatic digraph contains every oriented tree of order $k$. Burr proved $f(k)\leq (k-1)^2$ in general, and he conjectured $f(k)=2k-2$. Burr also proved that every $(8k-7)$-chromatic digraph contains every antidirected tree. We improve both of Burr's bounds. We show that $f(k)\leq k^2/2-k/2+1$ and that every antidirected tree of order $k$ is contained in every $(5k-9)$-chromatic digraph. We make a conjecture that explains why antidirected trees are easier to handle. It states that if $|E(D)| > (k-2) |V(D)|$, then the digraph $D$ contains every antidirected tree of order $k$. This is a common strengthening of both Burr's conjecture for antidirected trees and the celebrated Erd\H{o}s-Sós Conjecture. The analogue of our conjecture for general trees is false, no matter what function $f(k)$ is used in place of $k-2$. We prove our conjecture for antidirected trees of diameter 3 and present some other evidence for it. Along the way, we show that every acyclic $k$-chromatic digraph contains every oriented tree of order $k$ and suggest a number of approaches for making further progress on Burr's conjecture
|
Oriented trees in digraphs
|
oriented trees in digraphs
|
audiencelet smallest integer chromatic digraph oriented burr proved conjectured burr proved chromatic digraph antidirected tree. burr bounds. antidirected chromatic digraph. conjecture explains antidirected trees easier handle. digraph antidirected strengthening burr conjecture antidirected trees celebrated conjecture. analogue conjecture trees false conjecture antidirected trees acyclic chromatic digraph oriented progress burr conjecture
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52769262"
] |
52295364
|
10.1016/j.ecolecon.2012.07.010
|
International audienceBefore his major 1870s economic writings, William Stanley Jevons wrote in 1865 his first important book entitled 'The Coal Question'. Jevons displays an interest for the problem of resource depletion, and some opportunism linked to the treatment of a subject in vogue at the time. 'The Coal Question' is retrospectively essentially known for having pointed out the first bases of what we call today the rebound effect, known as well as the "Jevons' paradox". No one can deny the major contribution Jevons did by insisting on the energy efficiency paradoxical phenomenon. However, this is not the only interesting idea proposed in 'The Coal Question'. This article aims at drawing a larger framework of the ideas developed by Jevons, looking at some specific points that testify to his position as a turning point in the history of environmental studies. We see that Jevons expresses a desire of emancipation from both natural sciences and engineering, yet without ignoring the necessity of interdisciplinary perspectives to deal with environmental matters. It places Jevons as a pioneer of several modern approaches towards environmental economics, including ecological economics
|
William Stanley Jevons' The Coal Question (1865), beyond the rebound effect
|
william stanley jevons' the coal question (1865), beyond the rebound effect
|
audiencebefore writings william stanley jevons wrote book entitled coal jevons displays resource depletion opportunism vogue time. coal retrospectively essentially pointed bases call today rebound jevons paradox deny jevons insisting paradoxical phenomenon. coal aims drawing ideas jevons looking testify turning studies. jevons expresses desire emancipation ignoring necessity interdisciplinary perspectives deal matters. places jevons pioneer modern economics ecological economics
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47324674",
"47368137",
"52634705"
] |
52310355
|
10.1080/09588221.2013.851702
|
This paper reports on a study of the interactions between text chat and audio modalities in L2 interaction in a synthetic (virtual) world and observes whether the text chat modality was used for corrective feedback and the characteristics of the latter. This is examined within the context of a hybrid Content and Language Integrated Learning design workshop. This course involved 17 students of architecture whose L2 was either French or English and for which the synthetic world environment Second Life was employed for distance language sessions. Using multimodal transcriptions of the interaction data from these sessions, it was found that text chat was employed for content-based interaction concerning the task as well as feedback concerning non-target-like errors in the audio modality. Feedback predominantly concerned lexical errors and was offered in the form of recasts. The multimodality of the environment did not appear to cognitively overload students who frequently responded in the audio modality to corrective feedback offered in the text chat. The study highlights the need to train language tutors who wish to exploit synthetic worlds to use the text chat in parallel with the audio to support learners' verbal production with respect to verbal participation and proficiency
|
Interactions between text chat and audio modalities for L2 communication and feedback in the synthetic world Second Life.
|
interactions between text chat and audio modalities for l2 communication and feedback in the synthetic world second life.
|
chat audio modalities synthetic virtual observes chat modality corrective latter. hybrid workshop. architecture french english synthetic sessions. multimodal transcriptions sessions chat concerning concerning audio modality. predominantly concerned lexical offered recasts. multimodality cognitively overload frequently responded audio modality corrective offered chat. highlights train tutors wish exploit synthetic worlds chat audio learners verbal verbal participation proficiency
|
exact_dup
|
[
"49289617"
] |
52313470
|
10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.10.031
|
International audienceThrough the international (Convention) and European (Industrial Emissions Directive) legislations, industries have to apply preventive measures according to the Best Available Technique (BAT) concept or cleaner production (CP) strategies. Many technical solutions exist to conform, but the major stake is to assess the overall effect or impact of the implementation of a technique on the installation. Several methods have been developed based on LCA or carbon balance methodologies, but they lack the technical, economical and social criteria, which are aspects that should be taken into account when choosing cleaner and safer production practices. This paper presents a decision-making tool based on a multi-criteria analysis approach, likely to encourage manufacturers to implement cleaner and safer production practices in the metal finishing sector. First, a systemic analysis of the industrial facility and its environment is used to identify 15 criteria structured in a hierarchical pattern. These criteria represent the targets which could potentially impacted by a cleaner and safer production practice: for example, water, soil, air, but also the environment of the workstation of an operator, the production processes, etc. Using these 15 criteria, users can then assess up to 86 practices selected in particular in the BREF report dealing with Metal Finishing. Thus, this tool enables the practices the most adapted to a particular company to be chosen not only on financial criteria, but also on a social, environmental and technical view
|
Choosing Cleaner and Safer Production Practices through a Multi-criteria Approach
|
choosing cleaner and safer production practices through a multi-criteria approach
|
audiencethrough convention industrial directive legislations industries preventive cleaner strategies. conform stake installation. balance methodologies economical choosing cleaner safer practices. presents encourage manufacturers implement cleaner safer practices finishing sector. systemic industrial facility structured hierarchical pattern. targets potentially impacted cleaner safer workstation etc. practices bref dealing finishing. enables practices adapted company
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52619840",
"52648555",
"52889754"
] |
52436347
|
10.1016/j.diabres.2014.08.025
|
International audienceBackgroundManagement of type 2 diabetes remains a challenge in Africa. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and predictors of poor glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes living in sub-Saharan.Patients and methodsThis was a cross-sectional study involving 1267 people (61% women) with type 2 diabetes (mean age 58 years) recruited across health facilities in Cameroon and Guinea. Predictors of poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥7.0% (53 mmol/mol)) were investigated via logistic regressions.ResultsThe mean body mass index was 27.4 ± 5.8 kg/m2, and 74% of patients had poor glycemic control. Predictors of poor glycemic control in multivariable regression models were recruitment in Guinea [odd ratio: 2.91 (95% confidence interval 2.07 to 4.11)], age <65 years [1.40 (1.04 to 1.88)], diabetes duration ≥3 years [2.36 (1.74 to 3.21)], treatment with: oral glucose control agents [3.46 (2.28 to 5.26)], insulin alone or with oral glucose control agents [7.74 (4.70 to 12.74)] and absence of a previous HbA1c measurement in Guinea [2.96 (1.30 to 6.75)].ConclusionPoor control of blood glucose is common in patients with type 2 diabetes in these two countries. Limited access to HbA1c appears to be a key factor associated with poor glycemic control in Guinea, and should be addressed by health policies targeting improvement in the outcomes of diabetes care
|
Poor glycemic control in type 2 diabetes in the South of the Sahara: the issue of limited access to an HbA1c test
|
poor glycemic control in type 2 diabetes in the south of the sahara: the issue of limited access to an hba1c test
|
audiencebackgroundmanagement challenge africa. prevalence predictors glycemic living saharan.patients methodsthis sectional involving recruited facilities cameroon guinea. predictors glycemic mmol logistic regressions.resultsthe glycemic control. predictors glycemic multivariable recruitment guinea confidence oral glucose insulin oral glucose guinea .conclusionpoor glucose countries. glycemic guinea addressed policies targeting
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48184303"
] |
52455874
|
10.1002/pon.1714
|
International audienceObjectives: To determine the procreational intention rates among cancer survivors whose fertility was unimpaired and to identify the factors associated with their procreational intentions.Methods: Six thousand nine hundred and fifty-seven adult cancer patients treated between September and October 2002 were randomly selected from the French National Health Insurance Fund's Chronic Disease File. Of the 6957, 4270 responded to a cross-sectional questionnaire 2 years after diagnosis, of whom 959 reported being fertile and responded to a question about their procreational intentions.Results: Among the 257 male and female survivors aged 20-44, 86 (33.5%) had procreational intentions. After adjusting for age, gender, and already having children, only a high educational level (adjusted odds ratio: 3.1, 95% confidence interval 1.3-7.8) and stable or increasing financial resources (2.4, 1.0-5.7) were independently associated with the respondents' procreational intentions. Neither cancer stage at diagnosis nor the present stage significantly affected their plans in this respect.Conclusions: Two years after cancer diagnosis, the reasons why some survivors who are still fertile have no parenthood projects were similar to those earlier given by members of the general population. Copyright (c) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
|
Barriers to procreational intentions among cancer survivors 2 years after diagnosis: a French national cross-sectional survey.
|
barriers to procreational intentions among cancer survivors 2 years after diagnosis: a french national cross-sectional survey.
|
audienceobjectives procreational intention survivors fertility unimpaired procreational intentions.methods thousand nine hundred fifty seven september october randomly french insurance fund file. responded sectional questionnaire fertile responded procreational intentions.results survivors aged procreational intentions. adjusting gender educational adjusted odds confidence independently respondents procreational intentions. neither plans respect.conclusions reasons survivors fertile parenthood projects population. copyright john wiley sons
|
exact_dup
|
[
"53014423"
] |
52677568
|
10.1051/0004-6361/201321636
|
International audienceContext. Cosmic ray ion irradiation affects the chemical composition of and triggers physical changes in interstellar ice mantles in space. One of the primary structural changes induced is the loss of porosity, and the mantles evolve toward a more compact amorphous state. Previously, ice compaction was monitored at low to moderate ion energies. The existence of a compaction threshold in stopping power has been suggested.Aims. In this article we experimentally study the effect of heavy ion irradiation at energies closer to true cosmic rays. This minimises extrapolation and allows a regime where electronic interaction always dominates to be explored, providing the ice compaction cross section over a wide range of electronic stopping power.Methods. High-energy ion irradiations provided by the GANIL accelerator, from the MeV up to the GeV range, are combined with in-situ infrared spectroscopy monitoring of ice mantles. We follow the IR spectral evolution of the ice as a function of increasing fluence (induced compaction of the initial microporous amorphous ice into a more compact amorphous phase). We use the number of OH dangling bonds of the water molecule, i.e. pending OH bonds not engaged in a hydrogen bond in the initially porous ice structure as a probe of the phase transition. These high-energy experiments are combined with lower energy experiments using light ions (H, He) from other facilities in Catania, Italy, and Washington, USA.Results. We evaluated the cross section for the disappearance of OH dangling bonds as a function of electronic stopping power. A cross-section law in a large energy range that includes data from different ice deposition setups is established. The relevant phase structuring time scale for the ice network is compared to interstellar chemical time scales using an astrophysical model.Conclusions. The presence of a threshold in compaction at low stopping power suggested in some previous works seems not to be confirmed for the high-energy cosmic rays encountered in interstellar space. Ice mantle porosity or pending bonds monitored by the OH dangling bonds is removed efficiently by cosmic rays. As a consequence, this considerably reduces the specific surface area available for surface chemical reactions
|
Swift heavy ion irradiation of water ice from MeV to GeV energies
|
swift heavy ion irradiation of water ice from mev to gev energies
|
audiencecontext. cosmic irradiation affects triggers interstellar mantles space. porosity mantles evolve toward amorphous state. compaction monitored moderate energies. compaction stopping suggested.aims. experimentally irradiation closer cosmic rays. minimises extrapolation dominates explored compaction stopping power.methods. irradiations ganil accelerator situ infrared spectroscopy mantles. fluence compaction microporous amorphous amorphous dangling bonds molecule i.e. pending bonds engaged bond initially porous transition. facilities catania washington usa.results. disappearance dangling bonds stopping power. deposition setups established. structuring interstellar astrophysical model.conclusions. compaction stopping confirmed cosmic rays encountered interstellar space. mantle porosity pending bonds monitored dangling bonds removed efficiently cosmic rays. considerably reduces
|
exact_dup
|
[
"46756685",
"52716909"
] |
52679301
|
10.1002/anie.201400356
|
International audienceSuperoxide reductase (SOR), a non-heme mononuclear iron protein that is involved in superoxide detoxification in microorganisms, can be used as an unprecedented model to study the mechanisms of O2 activation and of the formation of high-valent iron-oxo species in metalloenzymes. By using resonance Raman spectroscopy, it was shown that the mutation of two residues in the second coordination sphere of the SOR iron active site, K48 and I118, led to the formation of a high-valent iron-oxo species when the mutant proteins were reacted with H2O2. These data demonstrate that these residues in the second coordination sphere tightly control the evolution and the cleavage of the O-O bond of the ferric iron hydroperoxide intermediate that is formed in the SOR active site
|
Formation of high-valent iron-oxo species in superoxide reductase: characterization by resonance Raman spectroscopy.
|
formation of high-valent iron-oxo species in superoxide reductase: characterization by resonance raman spectroscopy.
|
audiencesuperoxide reductase heme mononuclear iron superoxide detoxification microorganisms unprecedented valent iron metalloenzymes. raman spectroscopy mutation coordination sphere iron valent iron reacted coordination sphere tightly cleavage bond ferric iron hydroperoxide
|
exact_dup
|
[
"51946251"
] |
52699897
|
10.1103/PhysRevC.78.024301
|
We investigate whether isospin mixing can be determined in a model-independent way from the relative strength of E1 transitions in mirror nuclei. The specific examples considered are the A=31 and A=35 mirror pairs, where a serious discrepancy between the strengths of 7/2--->5/2+ transitions in the respective mirror nuclei has been observed. A theoretical analysis of the problem suggests that it ought to be possible to disentangle the isospin mixing in the initial and final states given sufficient information on experimental matrix elements. With this in mind, we obtain a lifetime for the relevant 7/2- state in 31S using the Doppler-shift attenuation method. We then collate the available information on matrix elements to examine the level of isospin mixing for both A=31 and A=35 mirror pairs
|
Analog E1 transitions and isospin mixing
|
analog e1 transitions and isospin mixing
|
isospin mirror nuclei. mirror serious discrepancy strengths respective mirror nuclei observed. ought disentangle isospin elements. mind lifetime doppler attenuation method. collate examine isospin mirror
|
exact_dup
|
[
"46774159",
"152202225"
] |
52710600
|
10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.04.067
|
International audiencePredicting hydrological catchment behaviour based on measurable (and preferably widely available) catchment characteristics has been one of the main goals of hydrological modelling. Residence time distributions provide synoptic information about catchment functioning and can be useful metrics to predict their behaviours. Moreover, residence time distributions highlight a wide range of characteristic scales (spatial and temporal) and mixing processes. However, catchment-specific heterogeneity means that the link between residence time distributions and catchment characteristics is complex. Investigating this link for a wide range of catchments could reveal the role of topography, geology, land-use, climate and other factors in controlling catchment hydrology. Meaningful comparison is often challenging given the diversity of data and model structures and formats. To address this need, we are introducing a new virtual platform called Catchment virtual Observatory for Sharing flow and transport models outputs (COnSOrT). The goal of COnSOrT is to promote catchment intercomparison by sharing calibrated model outputs. Compiling commensurable results in COnSOrT will help evaluate model performance, quantify inter-catchment controls on hydrology, and identify research gaps and priorities in catchment science. Researchers interested in sharing or using calibrated model results are invited to participate in the virtual observatory. Participants may test post-processing methods on a wide range of catchment environments to evaluate the generality of their findings
|
Constitution of a catchment virtual observatory for sharing flow and transport models outputs
|
constitution of a catchment virtual observatory for sharing flow and transport models outputs
|
audiencepredicting hydrological catchment measurable preferably widely catchment goals hydrological modelling. residence synoptic catchment functioning metrics predict behaviours. residence highlight processes. catchment heterogeneity residence catchment complex. investigating catchments reveal topography geology controlling catchment hydrology. meaningful challenging diversity formats. introducing virtual platform catchment virtual observatory sharing outputs consort goal consort promote catchment intercomparison sharing calibrated outputs. compiling commensurable consort quantify catchment hydrology gaps priorities catchment science. researchers interested sharing calibrated invited participate virtual observatory. catchment environments generality
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48154589"
] |
52711693
|
10.1002/grl.50947
|
International audienceNew subauroral K-derived sector indices are proposed. They are based on the K local geomagnetic activity indices from the planetary am network stations, and their derivation scheme draws directly from that of am indices. Four Magnetic Local Time (MLT) sectors are considered, leading to four different K-derived MLT sector indices: the aσDawn (03-09 MLT), aσNoon (09-15 MLT), aσDusk (15-21 MLT), and aσMidnight (21-03 MLT) indices. They cover more than four solar cycles and, thus, allow robust statistical analysis. Statistical studies of the whole aσ data series and case studies for two geomagnetic storms are presented. These analyses clearly show that the four aσ have specific behaviors and that it is possible to get insight into both the statistical properties of the physical processes responsible for the observed geomagnetic activity and contribution to the dynamics of a given storm
|
The K-derived MLT sector geomagnetic indices
|
the k-derived mlt sector geomagnetic indices
|
audiencenew subauroral indices proposed. geomagnetic indices planetary stations derivation draws indices. sectors indices aσdawn aσnoon aσdusk aσmidnight indices. cover cycles robust analysis. geomagnetic storms presented. behaviors insight geomagnetic storm
|
exact_dup
|
[
"51934440"
] |
52721334
|
10.1007/s10874-007-9073-y
|
International audienceThe Model of Multiphase Cloud Chemistry M2C2 has recently been extended to account for nucleation scavenging of aerosol particles in the cloud water chemical composition. This extended version has been applied to multiphase measurements available at the Puy de Dôme station for typical wintertime anthropogenic air masses. The simulated ion concentrations in cloud water are in reasonable agreement with the experimental data. The analysis of the sources of the chemical species in cloud water shows an important contribution from nucleation scavenging of particles which prevails for nitrate, sulphate and ammonium. Moreover, the simulation shows that iron, which comes only from the dissolution of aerosol particles in cloud water, has a significant contribution in the hydroxyl radical production. Finally, the simulated phase partitioning of chemical species in cloud are compared with measurements. Numerical results show an underestimation of interstitial particulate phase fraction with respect to the measurements, which could be due to an overestimation of activated mass by the model. However, the simulated number scavenging efficiency of particles agrees well with the measured value of 40% of total number of aerosol particles activated in cloud droplets. Concerning the origin of chemical species in cloud water, the model reproduces quite well the contribution of gas and aerosol scavenging estimated from measurements. In addition, the simulation provides the contribution of in-cloud chemical reactivity to cloud water concentrations
|
Numerical quantification of sources and phase partitioning of chemical species in cloud: Application to wintertime anthropogenic air masses at the Puy de Dôme station
|
numerical quantification of sources and phase partitioning of chemical species in cloud: application to wintertime anthropogenic air masses at the puy de dôme station
|
audiencethe multiphase nucleation scavenging aerosol composition. multiphase dôme station wintertime anthropogenic masses. reasonable data. nucleation scavenging prevails nitrate sulphate ammonium. iron comes dissolution aerosol hydroxyl radical production. partitioning measurements. underestimation interstitial particulate overestimation model. scavenging agrees aerosol droplets. concerning reproduces aerosol scavenging measurements. reactivity
|
exact_dup
|
[
"49283973"
] |
52731464
|
10.1007/s10584-010-9868-8
|
International audienceDespite the inextricable link between oil scarcity and climate change, the interplay between these two issues is paradoxically an underworked area. This article uses a global energy-economy model to address the link between future oil supply and climate change and assesses in a common framework both the costs of climate policies and oil scarcity. It shows that, in the context of a limited and uncertain amount of ultimately recoverable oil resources, climate policies reduce the world vulnerability to peak oil. Climate policies, therefore, appear as a hedging strategy against the uncertainty on oil resources, in addition to their main aim of avoiding dangerous climate change. This co-benefit is estimated at the net present value of US$11,500 billion. Eventually, reducing the risk of future economic losses due to oil scarcity may appear as a significant side-benefit of climate policies to many decision-makers
|
Climate policies as a hedge against the uncertainty on future oil supply
|
climate policies as a hedge against the uncertainty on future oil supply
|
audiencedespite inextricable scarcity interplay paradoxically underworked area. economy supply assesses policies scarcity. uncertain ultimately recoverable policies vulnerability oil. policies hedging avoiding dangerous change. benefit billion. eventually reducing losses scarcity benefit policies makers
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47719349",
"48342437",
"52630431"
] |
52735570
|
10.1016/j.gca.2010.11.026
|
International audienceIron-rich smectite is commonly described in the diagenetic fraction of deep-sea sediment, as millimeter to centimeter aggregates dispersed in the sediment, or as a coating on sedimentary particles or nodules. This study examines several factors to elucidate formation mechanisms of a particular iron-rich smectite and its potential transformation to glauconite. The study combines a detailed mineralogical investigation on natural samples and a chemical modeling approach to assess mineralogical reactions and pathways. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations and analytical electron microscopy (TEM-AEM) analyses were conducted on microtomed samples of millimeter- to centimeter-long green grains. These grains are widespread in pelagic calcareous sediment from the Costa Rica margin. They are composed of pyrites that are partially dissolved and are surrounded by amorphous or very poorly crystallized iron-rich particles. Iron-rich montmorillonite grows from an amorphous precursor and its formation requires the input of Si, O, Mg, K, Na and Ca; our results suggest that these inputs are supported by the dissolution of sedimentary phases such as volcanic glasses, siliceous fossils and silicates. Thermodynamic modeling of fluid-sediment interactions was conducted with the geochemical computer code PhreeqC, using mineralogical and pore fluid compositions from sediment samples and calculated estimates for thermodynamic constants of smectites that are not maintained by the computer code. Simulations confirm the possibility that the green grains are the product of pyrite alteration by seawater under oxidizing conditions. The extent of smectite production is controlled by the kinetics of pyrite dissolution and fluid migration. The absence of aluminum in the Costa Rica margin system explains the formation of an iron-rich montmorillonite instead of glauconite, whereas the presence of calcite that buffers the system explains the formation of an iron-rich montmorillonite instead of iron oxides
|
Conditions and mechanism for the formation of iron-rich Montmorillonite in deep sea sediments (Costa Rica margin): Coupling high resolution mineralogical characterization and geochemical modeling
|
conditions and mechanism for the formation of iron-rich montmorillonite in deep sea sediments (costa rica margin): coupling high resolution mineralogical characterization and geochemical modeling
|
audienceiron smectite commonly diagenetic sediment millimeter centimeter aggregates dispersed sediment coating sedimentary nodules. examines elucidate iron smectite glauconite. combines mineralogical mineralogical pathways. microscopy microscopy microtomed millimeter centimeter grains. grains widespread pelagic calcareous sediment costa rica margin. composed pyrites partially dissolved surrounded amorphous poorly crystallized iron particles. iron montmorillonite grows amorphous precursor inputs dissolution sedimentary volcanic glasses siliceous fossils silicates. thermodynamic sediment geochemical phreeqc mineralogical pore compositions sediment thermodynamic smectites maintained code. confirm grains pyrite alteration seawater oxidizing conditions. smectite kinetics pyrite dissolution migration. aluminum costa rica margin explains iron montmorillonite glauconite calcite buffers explains iron montmorillonite iron oxides
|
exact_dup
|
[
"53011782",
"54039633"
] |
52735861
|
10.1073/pnas.0902940106
|
International audienceWe report the discovery of mammalian tribosphenic teeth from the basal Cenomanian of southwestern France that we refer to a new primitive marsupial-like form identified as a basal taxon of Mar- supialiformes, a new clade recognized here to include the crown group Marsupialia and primitive stem lineages more closely related to Marsupialia than to Deltatheroida. Arcantiodelphys marchandi gen et sp nov. shares several significant marsupial-like features (s.l.) with marsupialiform taxa known from the North American Mid-Cretaceous. Among marsupialiforms, it shows a closer resem-blance to Dakotadens. This resemblance, which is plesiomorphic within ''tribotherians,'' makes Arcantiodelphys one of the most archaic known Marsupialiformes. Moreover, Arcantiodelphys is characterized by an original and precocious crushing specialization. Both the plesiomorphic and autapomorphic characteristics of Arcantiodelphys among Marsupialiformes might be explained by an Eastern origin from Asian stem metatherians, with some in situ European evolution. In addition, the presence of a mammal with North American affinities in western Europe during the early Late Cretaceous provides further evidence of a large Euramerican bio-geographical province at this age or slightly before. Concerning the paleobiogeographical history of the first stem marsupialiforms during the AlbianCenomanian interval, 2 possible dispersal routes from an Asian metatherian ancestry can be proposed: Asia to Europe via North America and Asia to North America via Europe. The main significance of the Archingeay-Les Nouillers mammal discovery is that it indicates that the beginning of the stem marsupialiforms history involved not only North America but also Europe, and that this early history in Europe remains virtually unknown
|
The oldest modern therian mammal from Europe and its bearing on stem marsupial paleobiogeography
|
the oldest modern therian mammal from europe and its bearing on stem marsupial paleobiogeography
|
audiencewe discovery mammalian tribosphenic teeth basal cenomanian southwestern primitive marsupial basal taxon supialiformes clade recognized crown marsupialia primitive lineages closely marsupialia deltatheroida. arcantiodelphys marchandi nov. shares marsupial s.l. marsupialiform taxa cretaceous. marsupialiforms closer resem blance dakotadens. resemblance plesiomorphic tribotherians arcantiodelphys archaic marsupialiformes. arcantiodelphys precocious crushing specialization. plesiomorphic autapomorphic arcantiodelphys marsupialiformes eastern asian metatherians situ evolution. mammal affinities europe cretaceous euramerican geographical province before. concerning paleobiogeographical marsupialiforms albiancenomanian dispersal routes asian metatherian ancestry asia europe america asia america europe. archingeay nouillers mammal discovery beginning marsupialiforms america europe europe virtually unknown
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48235462"
] |
52737314
|
10.1002/ctpp.201010011
|
8 pagesInternational audienceWe consider a partially ionized hydrogen gas at low densities, where it reduces almost to an ideal mixture made with hydrogen atoms in their ground-state, ionized protons and ionized electrons. By performing systematic low-temperature expansions within the physical picture, in which the system is described as a quantum electron-proton plasma interacting via the Coulomb potential, exact formulae for the first five leading corrections to the ideal Saha equation of state have been derived [A. Alastuey, V. Ballenegger et al., J. Stat. Phys. 130, 1119 (2008)]. Those corrections account for all effects of interactions and thermal excitations up to order $\exp(E_H/kT)$ included, where $E_H \simeq -13.6$ eV is the ground state energy of the hydrogen atom. Among the five leading corrections, three are easy to evaluate, while the remaining ones involve suitably truncated internal partition functions of $H_2$ molecules and $H^-$ and $H_2^+$ ions, for which no analytical formulae are available in closed form. We estimate those partitions functions at finite temperature \textsl{via} a simple phenomenology based on known values of rotational and vibrational energies. This allows us to compute numerically the leading deviations to the Saha pressure along several isotherms and isochores. Our values are compared with those of the OPAL tables (for pure hydrogen) calculated within the ACTEX method
|
Pressure of a partially ionized hydrogen gas : numerical results from exact low temperature expansions
|
pressure of a partially ionized hydrogen gas : numerical results from exact low temperature expansions
|
pagesinternational audiencewe partially ionized densities reduces ideal mixture ionized protons ionized electrons. performing expansions picture proton interacting coulomb formulae ideal saha alastuey ballenegger stat. phys. excitations simeq atom. involve suitably truncated partition formulae form. partitions textsl phenomenology rotational vibrational energies. numerically deviations saha isotherms isochores. opal tables actex
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52320248",
"54040373"
] |
52745621
|
10.1016/j.epsl.2008.11.019
|
International audienceThe mechanics of the transition from continental subduction toward upper crustal nappe stacking is still poorly understood and is studied here through a 2D thermal and strength numerical modelling of a subducted passive margin. Geological observations in the core of most mountain belts show the piling up of several HP-LT upper crustal units that are most likely related to the detachment of upper crustal units from the subducted continental margin and to the subsequent stacking of the detached units at depths. The Adula unit (Lepontine dome, Central Alps, Switzerland) is a long and thin upper crustal unit and is used here as a natural case-study as it provides a well-documented example of these units. 2D thermal modeling shows that two steps, successive in time, characterized the burial history of the passive margin undergoing continental subduction: 1-an increase in the margin strength due to an increase in the confining pressure during the first million years of the margin subduction and 2-the progressive heating of the subducted margin from the overlying lithosphere leads to a decrease in the margin strength due to thermal weakening, which progressively counter-balances the increase in confining pressure. Two strength gradients develop within the subducted lithosphere: 1-along the slab, the strength decreases with increasing burial depth and 2-perpendicular to the slab, the strength increases with depth due to an inverse temperature distribution. The detachment of HP-LT continental units from the subducted margin could occur when the slab strength becomes lower than the applied net stress. This allows the detachment of ductile weakened thin and long upper-crustal units. The thickness and length of the detached crustal units are controlled by the following parameters, in order of their importance: subduction dip angle, crustal rheology, mantle heat flux and subduction velocity. The comparison of our model results with the geometry and PT conditions of the Adula unit yields an estimate of the Alpine subduction dip angle at the time of deformation and metamorphism
|
Mechanical decoupling of high-pressure crustal units during continental subduction.
|
mechanical decoupling of high-pressure crustal units during continental subduction.
|
audiencethe mechanics continental subduction toward crustal nappe stacking poorly understood subducted passive margin. geological mountain belts piling crustal detachment crustal subducted continental margin stacking detached depths. adula lepontine dome alps switzerland crustal documented units. successive burial passive margin undergoing continental subduction margin confining million margin subduction progressive heating subducted margin overlying lithosphere margin weakening progressively counter balances confining pressure. gradients subducted lithosphere slab burial perpendicular slab distribution. detachment continental subducted margin slab stress. detachment ductile weakened crustal units. detached crustal subduction crustal rheology mantle subduction velocity. adula alpine subduction deformation metamorphism
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48253737",
"54045738"
] |
52759188
|
10.1016/j.neucom.2007.07.034
|
International audienceThe surface of Mars is currently being imaged with an unprecedented combination of spectral and spatial resolution. This high resolution, and its spectral range, gives the ability to pinpoint chemical species on the surface and the atmosphere of Mars more accurately than before. The subject of this paper is to present a method to extract informations on these chemicals from hyperspectral images. A first approach, based on independent component analysis (ICA) [P. Comon, Independent component analysis, a new concept? Signal Process. 36 (3) (1994) 287-314], is able to extract artifacts and locations of CO2 and H2O ices. However, the main independence assumption and some basic properties (like the positivity of images and spectra) being unverified, the reliability of all the independent components (ICs) is weak. For improving the component extraction and consequently the endmember classification, a combination of spatial ICA with spectral Bayesian positive source separation (BPSS) [S. Moussaoui, D. Brie, A. Mohammad-Djafari, C. Carteret, Separation of non-negative mixture of non-negative sources using a Bayesian approach and MCMC sampling, IEEE Trans. Signal Process. 54 (11) (2006) 4133-4145] is proposed. To reduce the computational burden, the basic idea is to use spatial ICA yielding a rough classification of pixels, which allows selection of small, but relevant, number of pixels. Then, BPSS is applied for the estimation of the source spectra using the spectral mixtures provided by this reduced set of pixels. Finally, the abundances of the components are assessed on the whole pixels of the images. Results of this approach are shown and evaluated by comparison with available reference spectra
|
On the decomposition of Mars hyperspectral data by ICA and Bayesian positive source separation
|
on the decomposition of mars hyperspectral data by ica and bayesian positive source separation
|
audiencethe mars imaged unprecedented resolution. pinpoint atmosphere mars accurately before. extract informations chemicals hyperspectral images. comon process. extract artifacts locations ices. independence positivity unverified reliability weak. improving extraction endmember bayesian bpss moussaoui brie mohammad djafari carteret mixture bayesian mcmc trans. process. proposed. burden yielding rough pixels pixels. bpss mixtures pixels. abundances pixels images.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"53020821"
] |
52761516
|
10.1016/j.pss.2006.12.001
|
International audienceSince Galileo spacecraft reveals Europa's surface at high and medium resolutions, deformation and processes affecting the relatively young surface have been more accurately defined. This work reports the observations carried out on a large-scale feature of the south hemisphere, Thera Macula. It is shown that Thera presents common points with many other features including small-scale domes, lenticulae and large-scale chaotic areas (disrupted ancient surfaces lying on a dark matrix), but remains singular through its asymmetric morphology. On the basis of observations, we propose a scenario for the setting of Thera Macula. It involves a large-scale doming (40–70km in radius) of the pre-existing surface associated with ductile deformations, and the consecutive collapse of the created megadome associated with brittle disruption of blocks and flow of low viscosity material over the surrounding ridged plains. The processes responsible for each stage of the proposed scenario have been investigated. Both cryomagmatic and diapiric origins are discussed and confronted by observations. Finally, comparison of similar features at various scales suggests that Thera Macula by its originalities (asymmetry, rounding bulge) may have preserved the intermediate stages of the formation of subcircular chaos at least up to about 50km in radius. A common evolution and endogenic origin for multi-scale hot spot features is proposed: (1) the doming stage, (2) the collapse and extrusion stage and (3) the relaxation stage
|
Large-scale doming on Europa: A model of formation of Thera Macula.
|
large-scale doming on europa: a model of formation of thera macula.
|
audiencesince galileo spacecraft reveals europa resolutions deformation affecting accurately defined. hemisphere thera macula. thera presents domes lenticulae chaotic disrupted ancient lying singular asymmetric morphology. propose thera macula. involves doming ductile deformations consecutive collapse created megadome brittle disruption blocks viscosity surrounding ridged plains. investigated. cryomagmatic diapiric origins confronted observations. thera macula originalities asymmetry rounding bulge preserved subcircular chaos radius. endogenic spot doming collapse extrusion relaxation
|
exact_dup
|
[
"53021722"
] |
52779651
|
10.1093/gji/ggt046
|
A potentially unstable limestone column (∼1000 m3, Vercors, French Alps) delineated by an open rear fracture was continuously instrumented with two three-component seismic sensors from mid-May 2009 to mid-October 2011. Spectral analysis of seismic noise allowed several resonance frequencies to be determined, ranging from 6 to 21 Hz. The frequency domain decomposition (FDD) technique was applied to the ambient vibrations recorded on the top of the rock column. Three vibration modes were identified at 6, 7.5 and 9 Hz, describing the upper part of corresponding modal shapes. Finite element numerical modelling of the column dynamic response confirmed that the first two modes are bending modes perpendicular and parallel to the fracture, respectively, while the third one corresponds to torsion. Seismic noise monitoring also pointed out that resonance frequencies fluctuate with time, under thermomechanical control. For seasonal cycles, changes in frequency are due to the variations of the bulk elastic properties with temperature. At daily scale, increase in fundamental frequency with temperature has been interpreted as resulting from the rock expansion inducing a closure of the rear fracture rock bridges, hence stiffening the contact between the column and the rock mass. Conversely, the rock contraction induces a fracture opening and a decrease in resonance frequency. In winter, when the temperature drops below 0 ◦C, a dramatic increase in fundamental frequency is observed from 6 Hz to more than 25 Hz, resulting from ice formation in the fracture. During spring, the resonance frequency gradually diminishes with ice melting to reach the value measured before winter
|
Modal and thermal analysis of Les Arches unstable rock column (Vercors massif, French Alps)
|
modal and thermal analysis of les arches unstable rock column (vercors massif, french alps)
|
potentially unstable limestone vercors french alps delineated rear fracture continuously instrumented seismic sensors october seismic ranging decomposition ambient vibrations rock column. vibration describing modal shapes. confirmed bending perpendicular fracture torsion. seismic pointed fluctuate thermomechanical control. seasonal cycles elastic temperature. interpreted rock inducing closure rear fracture rock bridges stiffening rock mass. conversely rock contraction induces fracture opening frequency. winter drops dramatic fracture. spring gradually diminishes melting winter
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47281138",
"51959783",
"52722825"
] |
52785882
|
10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.12.235
|
International audienceCarbide-type ceramics, which have remarkable thermomechanical properties, are sensed to manufacture the fuel cladding of Generation IV reactors that should work at high temperature. The MAX phases, and more particularly titanium silicon carbide, are distinguished from other materials by their ability to have some plasticity, even at room temperature. For this study, polycrystalline Ti3SiC2 was irradiated with ions of different energies, which allow to discriminate the effect of both electronic and nuclear interactions. After characterization by low-incidence X-ray diffraction and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy, it appears that Ti3SiC2 is not sensitive to electronic excitations while nuclear shocks damage its structure. The results show the creation of many defects and disorder in the structure, an expansion of the hexagonal close-packed lattice along the c axis, and an increase in the microstrain yield
|
Structural changes induced by heavy ion irradiation in titanium silicon carbide
|
structural changes induced by heavy ion irradiation in titanium silicon carbide
|
audiencecarbide ceramics remarkable thermomechanical sensed manufacture fuel cladding reactors temperature. titanium silicon carbide distinguished plasticity room temperature. polycrystalline irradiated discriminate interactions. incidence diffraction sectional microscopy excitations shocks structure. creation defects disorder hexagonal packed microstrain
|
exact_dup
|
[
"46768611",
"52621640",
"52692586"
] |
52802907
|
10.1016/j.patrec.2010.05.001
|
This preprint may be slightly different from the one published by ElsevierInternational audienceAn important problem in statistics is to determine a joint probability distribution from its marginals and an important problem in Computed Tomography (CT) is to reconstruct an image from its projections. In the bivariate case, the marginal probability density functions f1(x) and f2(y) are related to their joint distribution f(x, y) via horizontal and vertical line integrals. Interestingly, this is also the case of a very limited angle X-ray CT problem where f(x, y) is an image representing the distribution of the material density and f1(x), f2(y) are the horizontal and vertical line integrals. The problem of determining f(x, y) from f1(x) and f2(y) is an ill-posed undetermined inverse problem. In statistics the notion of copula is exactly introduced to characterize all the possible solutions to the problem of reconstructing a bivariate density from its marginals. In this paper, we elaborate on the possible link between copula and CT and try to see whether we can use the methods used in one domain into the other
|
Link between copula and tomography
|
link between copula and tomography
|
preprint elsevierinternational audiencean marginals tomography reconstruct projections. bivariate marginal integrals. interestingly representing integrals. determining posed undetermined problem. notion copula characterize reconstructing bivariate marginals. elaborate copula
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48352244"
] |
52833380
|
10.1016/j.jpubeco.2007.10.008
|
International audienceThis paper uses a representative sample of individuals on France's main welfare program (the Revenu Minimum d'Insertion, or RMI) to estimate monetary incentives for employment among welfare recipients. Based on the estimated joint distribution of wages and hours potentially offered to each individual, we compute potential gains from working in a very detailed<br />manner. Relating these gains to observed employment, we then estimate a simple structural labor supply model. We find that potential gains are almost always positive but very small on average, especially for single mothers,<br />because of the high implicit marginal tax rates embedded in the system. Employment rates are sensitive to incentives with extensive margin elasticities<br />for both men and women usually below one. Conditional on these elasticities, simulations indicate that existing policies devoted to reducing marginal tax rates at the bottom of the income distribution, such as the intéressement earnings top-up program, have little impact in this population due to their very limited scope. The recently introduced negative income tax (Prime pour l'emploi), seems to be an exception
|
Does Work Pay in France? Monetary Incentives, Hours Constraints and the Guaranteed Minimum Income
|
does work pay in france? monetary incentives, hours constraints and the guaranteed minimum income
|
audiencethis welfare revenu insertion monetary incentives employment welfare recipients. wages potentially offered gains manner. relating gains employment labor supply model. gains mothers implicit marginal embedded system. employment incentives extensive margin elasticities one. conditional elasticities policies devoted reducing marginal intéressement earnings scope. prime pour emploi exception
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48356064"
] |
52833950
|
10.1016/j.jeconom.2007.01.009
|
International audienceA random sample drawn from a population would appear to offer an ideal opportunity to use the bootstrap in order to perform accurate inference, since the observations of the sample are IID. In this paper, Monte Carlo results suggest that bootstrapping a commonly used index of inequality leads to inference that is not accurate even in very large samples, although inference with poverty indices is satisfactory. We find that the major cause is the extreme sensitivity of many inequality indices to the exact nature of the upper tail of the income distribution. This leads us to study two non-standard bootstraps, the m out of n bootstrap, which is valid in some situations where the standard bootstrap fails, and a bootstrap in which the upper tail is modelled parametrically. Monte Carlo results suggest that accurate inference can be achieved with this last method in moderately large samples
|
Asymptotic and bootstrap inference for inequality and poverty measures
|
asymptotic and bootstrap inference for inequality and poverty measures
|
audiencea drawn offer ideal opportunity bootstrap inference iid. monte carlo bootstrapping commonly inequality inference inference poverty indices satisfactory. extreme inequality indices tail distribution. bootstraps bootstrap valid situations bootstrap fails bootstrap tail modelled parametrically. monte carlo inference moderately
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52466268"
] |
52841453
|
10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2014.12.013
|
International audienceThe Messinian Salinity Crisis resulted from desiccation of the Mediterranean Sea after its isolation from the Atlantic Ocean at the end of the Miocene. Stratal geometry tied to borehole data in the Gulf of Lions show that the pre-crisis continental shelf has been eroded during a major sea-level fall and that sedi-ments from this erosion have been deposited in the basin. This detrital package is onlapped by high amplitude seismic reflectors overlain by the "Messinian Salt" and the "Upper Evaporites". Towards the shelf, the transition between regressive deposits and overlying onlapping sediments is characterised by a wave-ravinement surface, suggesting that a significant part of the onlapping reflectors and overlying Messinian Evaporites were deposited during a relatively slow landward migration of the shoreline. The clear boundary between the smooth wave-ravinement surface and the subaerial Messinian Erosional Surface observed on the Gulf of Lions shelf and onshore in the Rh^ one valley is interpreted to have resulted from a rapid acceleration of the Mediterranean sea level rise at the end of the Messinian Salinity Crisis. Numerical simulation of this cycle of sea level change during the Messinian Salinity Crisis and of precipitation of thick evaporites during the slow sea level rise shows that this scenario can be modelled assuming a value of evaporation minus precipitation of 1.75 m 3 /m 2 /yr in the deep Mediterranean basins
|
Messinian evaporite deposition during sea level rise in the Gulf of Lions (Western Mediterranean)
|
messinian evaporite deposition during sea level rise in the gulf of lions (western mediterranean)
|
audiencethe messinian salinity crisis resulted desiccation mediterranean isolation atlantic ocean miocene. stratal tied borehole gulf lions crisis continental shelf eroded fall sedi ments erosion deposited basin. detrital package onlapped seismic reflectors overlain messinian salt evaporites shelf regressive deposits overlying onlapping sediments characterised ravinement onlapping reflectors overlying messinian evaporites deposited slow landward migration shoreline. ravinement subaerial messinian erosional gulf lions shelf onshore valley interpreted resulted acceleration mediterranean messinian salinity crisis. messinian salinity crisis precipitation thick evaporites slow modelled evaporation minus precipitation mediterranean basins
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52435094",
"52718162"
] |
52846847
|
10.1089/ast.2012.0887
|
International audienceEvaporation of silica-rich geothermal waters is one of the main abiotic drivers of the formation of silica sinters around hot springs. An important role in sinter structural development is also played by the indigenous microbial communities, which are fossilized and eventually encased in the silica matrix. The combination of these two factors results in a wide variety of sinter structures and fabrics. Despite this, no previous experimental fossilization studies have focused on evaporative-driven silica precipitation. We present here the results of several experiments aimed at simulating the formation of sinters through evaporation. Silica solutions at different concentrations were repeatedly allowed to evaporate in both the presence and absence of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus. Without microorganisms, consecutive silica additions led to the formation of well-laminated deposits. By contrast, when microorganisms were present, they acted as reactive surfaces for heterogeneous silica particle nucleation; depending on the initial silica concentration, the deposits were then either porous with a mixture of silicified and unmineralized cells, or they formed a denser structure with a complete entombment of the cells by a thick silica crust. The deposits obtained experimentally showed numerous similarities in terms of their fabric to those previously reported for natural hot springs, demonstrating the complex interplay between abiotic and biotic processes during silica sinter growth
|
Experimental simulation of evaporation-driven silica sinter formation and microbial silicification in hot spring systems.
|
experimental simulation of evaporation-driven silica sinter formation and microbial silicification in hot spring systems.
|
audienceevaporation silica geothermal waters abiotic drivers silica sinters springs. sinter played indigenous microbial communities fossilized eventually encased silica matrix. sinter fabrics. fossilization focused evaporative silica precipitation. aimed simulating sinters evaporation. silica repeatedly evaporate cyanobacterium synechococcus elongatus. microorganisms consecutive silica additions laminated deposits. microorganisms acted reactive heterogeneous silica nucleation silica deposits porous mixture silicified unmineralized denser entombment thick silica crust. deposits experimentally numerous similarities fabric springs demonstrating interplay abiotic biotic silica sinter
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52726055"
] |
52905851
|
10.1016/j.jbiomech.2011.05.009
|
International audienceWe continuously monitored the microstructure of a rat-tail tendon during stretch/relaxation cycles. To that purpose, we implemented a new biomechanical device that combined SHG imaging and mechanical testing modalities. This multi-scale experimental device enabled simultaneous visualization of the collagen crimp morphology at the micrometer scale and measurement of macroscopic strain-stress response. We gradually increased the ultimate strain of the cycles and showed that preconditioning mostly occurs in the first stretching. This is accompanied by an increase of the crimp period in the SHG image. Our results indicate that preconditioning is due to a sliding of microstructures at the scale of a few fibrils and smaller, that changes the resting length of the fascicle. This sliding can reverse on long time scales. These results provide a proof of concept that continuous SHG imaging performed simultaneously with mechanical assay allows analysis of the relationship between macroscopic response and microscopic structure of tissues
|
Monitoring micrometer-scale collagen organization in rat-tail tendon upon mechanical strain using second harmonic microscopy.
|
monitoring micrometer-scale collagen organization in rat-tail tendon upon mechanical strain using second harmonic microscopy.
|
audiencewe continuously monitored microstructure tail tendon stretch relaxation cycles. implemented biomechanical modalities. enabled simultaneous visualization collagen crimp morphology micrometer macroscopic response. gradually ultimate cycles preconditioning mostly stretching. accompanied crimp image. preconditioning sliding microstructures fibrils resting fascicle. sliding reverse scales. simultaneously macroscopic microscopic tissues
|
exact_dup
|
[
"51230247"
] |
52907360
|
10.1051/epjconf/20100635003
|
International audienceThe recent development of efficient 3D imaging tools such as X-Rays computed microtomography combined with the extension to volumetric images of Digital Image Correlation (DIC) techniques provide new insights on the analysis of materials and structures. Among many other possible fields of application, geomaterials are good candidates for such investigations, owing to their relative transparency to X-rays and the presence in many samples of a natural contrast suitable for deformation mapping. However, these materials often deform discontinuously at microscale, for instance in the form of the development of a networks of microcracks. Discontinuity is even the dominant rule in granular-type materials such as sand in which the contribution to overall deformation of the microcontinuous phenomena -elastic strains inside grains- are negligible. To investigate deformation at the scale of these discontinuous mechanisms, specific DIC algorithms are required, which override the assumption of continuity of the transformation at the scale of the correlation windows. The recent so-called Discrete-DIC procedure (Hall et al, 2010) is a possible answer. We recall here its general principles and focus on its potential accuracy, from both theoretical and practical points of view. We show that the position and the rotation of individual grains with an average diameter of 500µm can be determined from images recorded with a laboratory microCT scanner, with a 15µm voxel size, with an accuracy of the order of 1µm and 0,1 degree, respectively
|
Discrete volumetric digital image correlation for the investigation of granular type media at microscale : accuracy assessment
|
discrete volumetric digital image correlation for the investigation of granular type media at microscale : accuracy assessment
|
audiencethe efficient rays microtomography volumetric digital insights structures. fields geomaterials candidates investigations owing transparency rays deformation mapping. deform discontinuously microscale microcracks. discontinuity granular sand deformation microcontinuous phenomena elastic grains negligible. deformation discontinuous specific override continuity windows. hall answer. principles practical view. grains microct scanner voxel
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48352247",
"51232563"
] |
52910174
|
10.1007/978-3-0348-0191-1
|
62 pages. Course at the conference ''Topics in PDEs and applications 2008" held in Granada, April 7-11th 2008; figure 13 and a misprint in Theorem 4.6 corrected in the new versionInternational audienceThe Drude-Lorentz model for the motion of electrons in a solid is a classical model in statistical mechanics, where electrons are represented as point particles bouncing on a fixed system of obstacles (the atoms in the solid). Under some appropriate scaling assumption --- known as the Boltzmann-Grad scaling by analogy with the kinetic theory of rarefied gases --- this system can be described in some limit by a linear Boltzmann equation, assuming that the configuration of obstacles is random [G. Gallavotti, [Phys. Rev. (2) {\bf 185} (1969), 308]). The case of a periodic configuration of obstacles (like atoms in a crystal) leads to a completely different limiting dynamics. These lecture notes review several results on this problem obtained in the past decade as joint work with J. Bourgain, E. Caglioti and B. Wennberg
|
Recent Results on the Periodic Lorentz Gas
|
recent results on the periodic lorentz gas
|
pages. topics pdes held granada april misprint corrected versioninternational audiencethe drude lorentz mechanics bouncing obstacles boltzmann grad analogy rarefied gases boltzmann obstacles gallavotti phys. rev. obstacles limiting dynamics. lecture notes decade bourgain caglioti wennberg
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47112134"
] |
52910792
|
10.1007/s00477-008-0276-9
|
International audienceIn this article, we propose a new stochastic downscaling method: provided a numerical prediction of wind at large scale, we aim to improve the approximation at small scales thanks to a local stochastic model. We first recall the framework of a Lagrangian stochastic model borrowed from S.B. Pope. Then, we adapt it to our meteorological framework, both from the theoretical and numerical viewpoints. Finally, we present some promising numerical results corresponding to the simulation of wind over the Mediterranean Sea
|
Stochastic Downscaling Method: Application to Wind Refinement
|
stochastic downscaling method: application to wind refinement
|
audiencein propose stochastic downscaling thanks stochastic model. lagrangian stochastic borrowed s.b. pope. adapt meteorological viewpoints. promising mediterranean
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48355046",
"52747479"
] |
52992995
|
10.1002/jgre.20089
|
International audienceThe fate of water which was present on early Mars remains enigmatic. We propose a simple model based on serpentinization, a hydrothermal alteration process which may produce magnetite and store water. Our model invokes serpentinization during about 500 to 800 Myr, while a dynamo is active, which may have continued after the formation of the crustal dichotomy. We show that the present magnetic field measured by MGS in the Southern hemisphere is consistent with a ~500 m thick Global Equivalent Layer of water trapped in serpentine. Serpentinization results in the release of H2. The released H atoms are lost to space through thermal escape, increasing the D/H ratio in water reservoirs exchanging with atmosphere. We show that the value of the D/H ratio in the present atmosphere (~5) is consistent with the serpentinization of a ~500 m thick water GEL. We reassess the role of non-thermal escape in removing water from the planet. By considering an updated solar wind-ionosphere interaction representation, we show that the contribution of oxygen escape to H isotopic fractionation is negligible. Our results suggest that significant amounts of water (up to a ~330-1030 m thick GEL) present at the surface during the Noachian, similar to the quantity inferred from the morphological analysis of valley networks, could be stored today in subsurface serpentine
|
The fate of early Mars' lost water: The role of serpentinization
|
the fate of early mars' lost water: the role of serpentinization
|
audiencethe fate mars enigmatic. propose serpentinization hydrothermal alteration magnetite store water. invokes serpentinization dynamo continued crustal dichotomy. southern hemisphere thick trapped serpentine. serpentinization released lost escape reservoirs exchanging atmosphere. atmosphere serpentinization thick gel. reassess escape removing planet. updated ionosphere escape isotopic fractionation negligible. amounts thick noachian quantity inferred morphological valley stored today subsurface serpentine
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52426099",
"52710786"
] |
53002011
|
10.1016/j.tsf.2013.06.054
|
International audienceWe described an approach to achieve fine color control of fluorescent White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (OLED), based on an Ultra-thin Premixed emitting Layer (UPL). The UPL consists of a mixture of two dyes (red-emitting 4-di(4′-tert-butylbiphenyl-4-yl)amino-4′-dicyanovinylbenzene or fvin and green-emitting 4-di(4′-tert-butylbiphenyl-4-yl)aminobenzaldehyde or fcho) premixed in a single evaporation cell: since these two molecules have comparable structures and similar melting temperatures, a blend can be evaporated, giving rise to thin films of identical and reproducible composition compared to those of the pre-mixture. The principle of fine color tuning is demonstrated by evaporating a 1-nm-thick layer of this blend within the hole-transport layer (4,4′-bis[N-(1-naphtyl)-N-phenylamino]biphenyl (α-NPB)) of a standard fluorescent OLED structure. Upon playing on the position of the UPL inside the hole-transport layer, as well as on the premix composition, two independent parameters are available to finely control the emitted color. Combined with blue emission from the heterojunction, white light with Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage 1931 color coordinates (0.34, 0.34) was obtained, with excellent color stability with the injected current. The spectrum reveals that the fcho material does not emit light due to efficient energy transfer to the red-emitting fvin compound but plays the role of a host matrix for fvin, allowing for a very precise adjustment of the red dopant amount in the device
|
White organic light-emitting diodes with an ultra-thin premixed emitting layer
|
white organic light-emitting diodes with an ultra-thin premixed emitting layer
|
audiencewe fine fluorescent emitting diodes oled ultra premixed emitting mixture dyes emitting tert butylbiphenyl dicyanovinylbenzene fvin emitting tert butylbiphenyl aminobenzaldehyde fcho premixed evaporation comparable melting blend evaporated giving films reproducible mixture. fine tuning evaporating thick blend naphtyl phenylamino biphenyl fluorescent oled structure. playing premix finely emitted color. heterojunction commission internationale eclairage excellent injected current. reveals fcho emit emitting fvin compound plays fvin allowing precise adjustment dopant
|
exact_dup
|
[
"51442346",
"52681130",
"52900046"
] |
53023400
|
10.1016/j.matcom.2007.08.021
|
paru dans la revue sous le titre : Approximating partial derivatives of first and second order by quadratic spline quasi-interpolants on uniform meshesGiven a bivariate function $f$ defined in a rectangular domain $\omega$, we approximate it by a $C^1$ quadratic spline quasi-interpolant (abbr. QI) and we take partial derivatives of this QI as approximations to those of $f$. We give error estimates and asymptotic expansions for these approximations. We also propose a simple algorithm for the determination of stationary points, illustrated by a numerical example
|
Approximating partial derivatives of first and second order by quadratic spline quasi-interpolants
|
approximating partial derivatives of first and second order by quadratic spline quasi-interpolants
|
paru dans revue sous titre approximating derivatives quadratic spline quasi interpolants meshesgiven bivariate rectangular omega approximate quadratic spline quasi interpolant abbr. derivatives approximations asymptotic expansions approximations. propose stationary illustrated
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48275818"
] |
53169564
|
10.1007/s10971-011-2568-7
|
Mesoporous Cr or Pt-doped WO(3) thin films to be employed as ammonia gas sensors were prepared by a fast one-step sol-gel procedure, based on the use of triblock copolymer as templating agent. The obtained films were constituted by aggregates of interconnected WO(3) nanocrystals (20-50 nm) separated by mesopores with dimensions ranging between 2 and 15 nm. The doping metals, Pt and Cr, resulted differently hosted in the WO(3) mesoporous matrix. Chromium is homogeneously dispersed in the oxide matrix, mainly as Cr(III) and Cr(V) centers, as revealed by EPR spectroscopy; instead platinum segregated as Pt (0) nanoparticles (4 nm) mainly included inside the WO(3) nanocrystals. The semiconductor layers containing Pt nanoclusters revealed, upon exposure to NH(3), remarkable electrical responses, much higher than Cr-doped and undoped layers, particularly at low ammonia concentration (6.2 ppm). This behavior was attributed to the presence of Pt nanoparticles segregated inside the semiconductor matrix, which act as catalysts of the N-H bond cleavage, decreasing the activation barrier in the ammonia dissociation. The role of the mesoporous structure in influencing the chemisorption and the gas diffusion in the WO(3) matrix appeared less decisive than the electronic differences between the two examined doping metals. The overall results suggest that a careful combination between mesoporous architecture and metal doping can really promote the electrical response of WO(3) toward ammonia
|
Sol-gel derived mesoporous Pt and Cr-doped WO(3) thin films: the role played by mesoporosity and metal doping in enhancing the gas sensing properties
|
sol-gel derived mesoporous pt and cr-doped wo(3) thin films: the role played by mesoporosity and metal doping in enhancing the gas sensing properties
|
mesoporous doped films ammonia sensors triblock copolymer templating agent. films constituted aggregates interconnected nanocrystals separated mesopores ranging doping metals resulted differently hosted mesoporous matrix. chromium homogeneously dispersed oxide centers spectroscopy platinum segregated nanoparticles nanocrystals. semiconductor nanoclusters remarkable electrical doped undoped ammonia attributed nanoparticles segregated semiconductor catalysts bond cleavage decreasing barrier ammonia dissociation. mesoporous influencing chemisorption appeared decisive doping metals. careful mesoporous architecture doping really promote electrical toward ammonia
|
exact_dup
|
[
"41129021"
] |
53174648
|
10.1016/j.cpa.2006.07.005
|
In 1997-99 the three of us organised a series of European Commission funded
conferences aimed at building a network of young researchers in the area of
accounting. At the time “young” was defined by the Commission as researchers
under 35 years of age (allowing for maternity leave or national service). Over the
intervening years our network had grown and we wanted to try and take stock of the
field in which we had now been working for a surprising number of years. To that
Page 1 of 29
Accepted Manuscript
2
end we put together the above email and a broad invitation list of people who had
been at those first meetings, and others of the same generation (or even younger)
whom we had met since.
About half of those originally contacted managed to make the meeting where we
spent a stimulating couple of hours of debate on the topics raised below—so
stimulating that we developed a collective desire to leave a trace of the discussion.
Writing a traditional paper with so many, so widely dispersed authors was not going
to work. Instead we came up with a different form of collective writing that mirrored
the original debate, and that might contribute to ongoing debates in this journal
concerning the nature and status of our research (e.g. Arrington, 2004; Inanga &
Schneider, 2005; Macintosh, 2004). We agreed a process in which each of us in turn
would have one week to add a target of 300 words to a rolling document, going
through the contributors alphabetically. After two rounds we would see what we had
got
|
The future of interpretive accounting research—A polyphonic debate
|
the future of interpretive accounting research—a polyphonic debate
|
organised commission funded conferences aimed researchers accounting. “young” commission researchers allowing maternity leave intervening grown wanted stock surprising years. email broad invitation meetings younger since. originally contacted managed meeting spent stimulating couple debate topics raised below—so stimulating collective desire leave trace discussion. writing traditional widely dispersed going work. came collective writing mirrored debate ongoing debates concerning e.g. arrington inanga schneider macintosh agreed week rolling document going contributors alphabetically. rounds
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exact_dup
|
[
"41134111"
] |
59036821
|
10.1016/j.lfs.2009.03.019
|
Aims: Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress is implicated to be involved in pericyte
apoptosis seen in diabetic retinopathy. The six mammalian Peroxiredoxins (PRDXs)
comprise a novel family of antioxidative proteins that negatively regulate oxidative
stress-induced apoptosis by controlling reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels.
Main methods: Sprague Dawley rats were used to detect the retinal expressions of
PRDXs1-6. Pig pericytes cultured in high-glucose medium were used to monitor the
protective effect of PRDX5 and 6 against high-glucose- associated change. Recombinant
PRDX5 and 6 proteins were linked to the Trans-Activating Transduction (TAT) domain
from HIV-1 TAT protein for their efficient delivery into cells/tissues.
Key findings: We found higher expression of PRDX5 and 6 mRNAs and PRDX5 and 6
proteins in retina than the other Prdxs (Prdx 1–4). Western blotting affirmed the
intracellular presence of TAT-linked proteins and revealed the efficient transduction of
TAT-HA-PRDX5 and 6 in these cells. Extrinsic supply of TAT-HA-PRDX5 and 6 proteins
inhibited the oxidative stress induced DNA damage after high-glucose exposure in pig
pericytes. The cell survival and apoptosis assay revealed that extrinsic supply of TATHA-
PRDX5 and 6 proteins were responsible for inhibiting hyperglycemia-induced pericyte
2
apoptosis.
Significance: Results suggest that delivery of PRDX5 and 6 might protect hyperglycemiainduced
pericyte loss to inhibit oxidative stress
|
TAT-mediated peroxiredoxin 5 and 6 protein transduction protect against high glucose-induced cytotoxicity in retinal pericytes
|
tat-mediated peroxiredoxin 5 and 6 protein transduction protect against high glucose-induced cytotoxicity in retinal pericytes
|
aims hyperglycemia oxidative implicated pericyte apoptosis diabetic retinopathy. mammalian peroxiredoxins prdxs comprise antioxidative negatively regulate oxidative apoptosis controlling reactive levels. sprague dawley rats detect retinal expressions prdxs pericytes cultured glucose monitor protective prdx glucose change. recombinant prdx activating transduction delivery tissues. prdx mrnas prdx retina prdxs prdx blotting affirmed intracellular transduction prdx cells. extrinsic supply prdx inhibited oxidative glucose pericytes. apoptosis extrinsic supply tatha prdx inhibiting hyperglycemia pericyte apoptosis. delivery prdx protect hyperglycemiainduced pericyte inhibit oxidative
|
exact_dup
|
[
"61371485"
] |
61345484
|
10.1016/S0143-8166(99)00016-0
|
An optical system has been proposed and verified experimentally for monitoring the torsion of a power transmission shaft in realtime. The system consists of a pair of lasers, mirrors and light receivers as a sensor head, and logic circuit, high-frequency oscillator, and computer as a data processing system. The smallest measurable angle of torsion can be expressed by ω/ƒ, where ω is the rotational frequency of the power transmission shaft and ƒ is the frequency of the oscillator. The experimental error was found to be a few percentage points
|
An optical system for monitoring torsion in a power transmission shaft in realtime
|
an optical system for monitoring torsion in a power transmission shaft in realtime
|
verified experimentally torsion shaft realtime. lasers mirrors receivers sensor logic circuit oscillator system. smallest measurable torsion rotational shaft oscillator.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"59036331"
] |
71032390
|
10.1103/PhysRevD.70.033012
|
We assess how well next-generation neutrinoless double beta decay and normal neutrino beta decay experiments can answer four fundamental questions. (1) If neutrinoless double beta decay searches do not detect a signal, and if the spectrum is known to be inverted hierarchy, can we conclude that neutrinos are Dirac particles? (2) If neutrinoless double beta decay searches are negative and a next-generation ordinary beta decay experiment detects the neutrino mass scale, can we conclude that neutrinos are Dirac particles? (3) If neutrinoless double beta decay is observed with a large neutrino mass element, what is the total mass in neutrinos? (4) If neutrinoless double beta decay is observed, but next-generation beta decay searches for a neutrino mass only set a mass upper limit, can we establish whether the mass hierarchy is normal or inverted? We base our answers on the expected performance of next-generation neutrinoless double beta decay experiments and on simulations of the accuracy of calculations of nuclear matrix elements
|
What can we learn from neutrinoless double beta decay experiments?
|
what can we learn from neutrinoless double beta decay experiments?
|
neutrinoless beta beta answer questions. neutrinoless beta searches detect inverted hierarchy neutrinos dirac neutrinoless beta searches ordinary beta detects neutrinos dirac neutrinoless beta neutrinos neutrinoless beta beta searches establish hierarchy inverted answers neutrinoless beta
|
exact_dup
|
[
"2475032"
] |
77033277
|
10.1088/1361-6544/aa4f62
|
Real-world networks in technology, engineering and biology often exhibit dynamics that cannot be adequately reproduced using network models given by smooth dynamical systems and a fixed network topology. Asynchronous networks give a theoretical and conceptual framework for the study of network dynamics where nodes can evolve independently of one another, be constrained, stop, and later restart, and where the interaction between different components of the network may depend on time, state, and stochastic effects. This framework is sufficiently general to encompass a wide range of applications ranging from engineering to neuroscience. Typically, dynamics is piecewise smooth and there are relationships with Filippov systems. In the first part of the paper, we give examples of asynchronous networks, and describe the basic formalism and structure. In the second part, we make the notion of a functional asynchronous network rigorous, discuss the phenomenon of dynamical locks, and present a foundational result on the spatiotemporal factorization of the dynamics for a large class of functional asynchronous networks
|
Asynchronous Networks and Event Driven Dynamics
|
asynchronous networks and event driven dynamics
|
exhibit adequately reproduced topology. asynchronous conceptual evolve independently constrained stop restart stochastic effects. sufficiently encompass ranging neuroscience. piecewise filippov systems. asynchronous formalism structure. notion asynchronous rigorous phenomenon locks foundational spatiotemporal factorization asynchronous
|
exact_dup
|
[
"29570919"
] |
11310294
|
10.1016/j.cviu.2011.02.011
|
We previously described a system for evaluating interactive segmentation by means of user experiments (McGuinness and O’Connor, 2010). This method, while effective, is time-consuming and labor-intensive. This paper aims to make evaluation more practicable by investigating if it is feasible to automate user interactions. To this end, we propose a general algorithm for driving the segmentation that uses the ground truth and current segmentation error to automatically simulate user interactions. We investigate four strategies for selecting which pixels will form the next interaction. The first of these is a simple, deterministic strategy; the remaining three strategies are probabilistic, and focus on more realistically approximating a real user. We evaluate four interactive segmentation algorithms using these strategies, and compare the results with our previous user experiment-based evaluation. The results show that automated evaluation is both feasible and useful
|
Toward automated evaluation of interactive segmentation
|
toward automated evaluation of interactive segmentation
|
evaluating interactive segmentation mcguinness o’connor consuming labor intensive. aims practicable investigating feasible automate interactions. propose driving segmentation truth segmentation automatically simulate interactions. selecting pixels interaction. deterministic probabilistic realistically approximating user. interactive segmentation evaluation. automated feasible
|
exact_dup
|
[
"147601041"
] |
11923711
|
10.1098/rspa.2013.0299
|
The twentieth century saw two fundamental revolutions in physics—relativity and quantum. Daily use of these theories can numb the sense of wonder at their immense empirical success. Does their instrumental effectiveness stand on the rock of secure concepts or the sand of unresolved fundamentals? Does measuring a quantum system probe, or even create, reality, or merely change belief? Must relativity and quantum theory just co-exist or might we find a new theory which unifies the two? To bring such questions into sharper focus, we convened a conference on 'Quantum Physics and the Nature of Reality'. Some issues remain as controversial as ever, but some are being nudged by theory’s secret weapon of experiment
|
The Oxford Questions on the foundations of quantum physics
|
the oxford questions on the foundations of quantum physics
|
twentieth century revolutions physics—relativity quantum. numb wonder immense success. instrumental effectiveness stand rock secure concepts sand unresolved fundamentals measuring create reality merely belief relativity unifies bring sharper convened reality controversial ever nudged theory’s secret weapon
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148349946"
] |
11992473
|
10.1016/j.sna.2008.07.013
|
Conductivity measurements of food systems are of high interest because they are related with food characteristics such as free water and salt content. Nevertheless, as far as now no devices have been developed for punctual conductivity measurements inside solid foods. The aim of this work was to develop a conductimeter which allows obtaining punctual measurements in different locations of solid foods. The sensor consists of a coaxial needle while an electrical sign controlled by microcontroller is applied. The preliminary results indicate that the obtained response is proportional to the conductivity and the salt content in the zone of measurement of the food, being possible its use for salted food analysis and control
|
Development of a puncture electronic device for electrical conductivity measurements throughout meat salting
|
development of a puncture electronic device for electrical conductivity measurements throughout meat salting
|
conductivity salt content. nevertheless devices punctual conductivity foods. conductimeter obtaining punctual locations foods. sensor coaxial needle electrical microcontroller applied. preliminary conductivity salt salted
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148653865"
] |
11993222
|
10.1007/978-3-540-87656-4_55
|
Modeling environments with 3D feature based representations is a challenging issue in current mobile robotics. Fast and robust algorithms are required for applicability to navigation. We present an original and effective segmentation method that uses computer vision techniques and the residuals from plane fitting as measurements to generate a range image from 3D data acquired by a laser scanner. The extracted points of each region are converted into plane patches, spheres and cylinders by means of least-squares fitting
|
Extraction of Geometrical Features in 3D Environments for Service Robotic Applications
|
extraction of geometrical features in 3d environments for service robotic applications
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environments representations challenging mobile robotics. robust applicability navigation. segmentation vision residuals fitting acquired scanner. converted patches spheres cylinders squares fitting
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exact_dup
|
[
"148654592"
] |
12000432
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10.1007/3-540-58485-4_45
|
Information about the computational cost of programs is potentially useful for a variety of purposes, including selecting among different algorithms, guiding program transformations, in granularity control and mapping decisions in parallelizing compilers, and query optimization in deductive databases. Cost analysis of logic programs is complicated by nondeterminism: on the one hand, procedures can return múltiple Solutions, making it necessary to estímate the number of solutions in order to give nontrivial upper bound cost estimates; on the other hand, the possibility of failure has to be taken into account while estimating lower bounds. Here we discuss techniques to address these problems to some extent
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Estimating the computational cost of logic programs
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estimating the computational cost of logic programs
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programs potentially purposes selecting guiding transformations granularity decisions parallelizing compilers query deductive databases. logic programs complicated nondeterminism return múltiple estímate nontrivial estimating bounds.
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exact_dup
|
[
"148662953"
] |
12000662
|
10.1007/978-3-642-21344-1_13
|
The training algorithm studied in this paper is inspired by the biological metaplasticity property of neurons. Tested on different multidisciplinary applications, it achieves a more efficient training and improves Artificial Neural Network Performance. The algorithm has been recently proposed for Artificial Neural Networks in general, although for the purpose of discussing its biological plausibility, a Multilayer Perceptron has been used. During the training phase, the artificial metaplasticity multilayer perceptron could be considered a new probabilistic version of the presynaptic rule, as during the training phase the algorithm assigns higher values for updating the weights in the less probable activations than in the ones with higher probabilit
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On the Biological Plausibility of Artificial Metaplasticity
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on the biological plausibility of artificial metaplasticity
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inspired metaplasticity neurons. multidisciplinary achieves improves artificial performance. artificial discussing plausibility multilayer perceptron used. artificial metaplasticity multilayer perceptron probabilistic presynaptic assigns updating weights probable activations probabilit
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exact_dup
|
[
"148661973"
] |
12015639
|
10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2010.12.004
|
This paper employs the European Social Survey and the World Values Survey to empirically investigate civic participation of immigrants from fifty-four countries of origin to the European Union. Three sets of issues are addressed in this paper. First, the paper aims at understanding what factors determine civic participation of immigrants at large. Second, it seeks to shed light on differences and similarities between participation outcomes of immigrants and natives. The main part of the paper is dedicated to testing culture transmission and culture assimilation hypothesis with respect to civic participation. Culture assimilation is analysed within the traditional synthetic cohort methodology, and also by testing whether the levels of immigrants’ civic participation depend on the levels of natives’ civic participation in the same countries. Culture transmission is looked at by relating the levels of participation of nonmigrants in countries of origin to participation outcomes of those who migrate. In addition, the effect of other country of origin and country of destination characteristics on immigrants’ civic participation is investigated. The issue of immigrants’ self-selection is addressed by matching immigrants to otherwise similar natives and compatriots who did not migrate. The study finds limited evidence for the transmission of participation culture across borders, although certain home country characteristics continue influencing participation behaviour of individuals after migration: it is those from industrialized, net immigration, culturally more homogeneous countries who tend to participate more. On the other hand, the culture of current place of residence matters most in that by observing higher (lower) participation patterns among natives immigrants tend to participate more (less).
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Civic Participation of Immigrants: Culture Transmission and Assimilation
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civic participation of immigrants: culture transmission and assimilation
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employs empirically civic participation immigrants fifty union. addressed paper. aims civic participation immigrants large. seeks shed similarities participation immigrants natives. dedicated assimilation civic participation. assimilation analysed traditional synthetic cohort methodology immigrants’ civic participation natives’ civic participation countries. looked relating participation nonmigrants participation migrate. destination immigrants’ civic participation investigated. immigrants’ addressed matching immigrants natives compatriots migrate. finds participation borders home continue influencing participation migration industrialized immigration culturally homogeneous tend participate more. residence matters observing participation natives immigrants tend participate
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exact_dup
|
[
"12013879"
] |
143692854
|
10.1016/j.cag.2006.01.020
|
We thank MENSI and REALVIZ companies for their helpful comments and the following people for providing us images from their works: Francesca De Domenico
(Fig. 1), Kyung-Tae Kim (Fig. 9). The CMN (French national center of patrimony buildings) is also acknowledged for the opportunity given to demonstrate our approach on the Hotel de Sully in Paris. We thank Tudor Driscu for his help on the English translation.This article presents a set of theoretical reflections and technical demonstrations that constitute a new methodological base for the architectural surveying and representation using computer graphics techniques. The problem we treated relates to three distinct concerns: the surveying of architectural objects, the construction and the semantic enrichment of their geometrical models, and their handling for the extraction of dimensional information. A hybrid approach to 3D reconstruction is described. This new approach combines range-based modeling and image-based modeling techniques;
it integrates the concept of architectural feature-based modeling. To develop this concept set up a first process of extraction and formalization of architectural knowledge based on the analysis of architectural treaties is carried on.
Then, the identified features are used to produce a template shape library. Finally the problem of the overall model structure and organization is addressed
|
Reverse-engineering of architectural buildings based on an hybrid modeling approach
|
reverse-engineering of architectural buildings based on an hybrid modeling approach
|
mensi realviz companies helpful comments francesca domenico fig. kyung fig. french patrimony buildings acknowledged opportunity hotel sully paris. tudor driscu english translation.this presents reflections demonstrations constitute methodological architectural surveying graphics techniques. relates concerns surveying architectural semantic enrichment geometrical handling extraction information. hybrid reconstruction described. combines integrates architectural modeling. extraction formalization architectural architectural treaties template library. addressed
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exact_dup
|
[
"29137517"
] |
144012892
|
10.1002/jbt.10077
|
The herbicide dicamba (3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid) was evaluated for its effects on bioenergetic activities of potato tuber mitochondria to elucidate putative mechanisms of action and to compare its toxicity with 2-chlorobenzoic acid. Dicamba (4 mumol/mg mitochondrial protein) induces a limited stimulation of state 4 respiration of ca. 10%, and the above concentrations significantly inhibit respiration, whereas 2-chlorobenzoic acid maximally stimulates state 4 respiration (ca. 50%) at about 25 mumol/mg mitochondrial protein. As opposed to these limited effects on state 4 respiration, transmembrane electrical potential is strongly decreased by dicamba and 2-chlorobenzoic acid. Dicamba (25 mumol/mg mitochondrial protein) collapses, almost completely, Deltapsi; similar concentrations of 2-chlorobenzoic acid promote Deltapsi drops of about 50%. Proton permeabilization partially contributes to Deltapsi collapse since swelling in K-acetate medium is stimulated, with dicamba promoting a stronger stimulation. The Deltapsi decrease induced by dicamba is not exclusively the result of a stimulation on the proton leak through the mitochondrial inner membrane, since there was no correspondence between the Deltapsi decrease and the change on the O2 consumption on state 4 respiration; on the contrary, for concentrations above 8 mumol/mg mitochondrial protein a strong inhibition was observed. Both compounds inhibit the activity of respiratory complexes II and III but complex IV is not significantly affected. Complex I seems to be sensitive to these xenobiotics. In conclusion, dicamba is a stronger mitochondrial respiratory chain inhibitor and uncoupler as compared to 2-chlorobenzoic acid. Apparently, the differences in the lipophilicity are related to the different activities on mitochondrial bioenergetics. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 17:185-192, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/jbt.10077http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbt.1007
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Comparative effects of herbicide dicamba and related compound on plant mitochondrial bioenergetics
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comparative effects of herbicide dicamba and related compound on plant mitochondrial bioenergetics
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herbicide dicamba dichloro methoxybenzoic bioenergetic potato tuber mitochondria elucidate putative toxicity chlorobenzoic acid. dicamba mumol mitochondrial induces stimulation respiration inhibit respiration chlorobenzoic maximally stimulates respiration mumol mitochondrial protein. opposed respiration transmembrane electrical dicamba chlorobenzoic acid. dicamba mumol mitochondrial collapses deltapsi chlorobenzoic promote deltapsi drops proton permeabilization partially contributes deltapsi collapse swelling acetate stimulated dicamba promoting stronger stimulation. deltapsi dicamba exclusively stimulation proton leak mitochondrial correspondence deltapsi respiration contrary mumol mitochondrial observed. inhibit respiratory complexes affected. xenobiotics. dicamba stronger mitochondrial respiratory inhibitor uncoupler chlorobenzoic acid. apparently lipophilicity mitochondrial bioenergetics. biochem toxicol wiley interscience jbt. jbt.
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exact_dup
|
[
"19125444"
] |
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