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AI Solves 50-Year-Old Biology Problem of Protein Folding Health News 1 min read India to leap ahead with Artificial intelligence.  Artificial intelligence group DeepMind has solved a biological problem that scientists struggled with for almost 50 years. AlphaFold, the group’s new program, can predict how proteins fold into 3D shapes, reports The Guardian. It sounds deceptively simple, but this is a complex process fundamental to understanding our biology. “It marks an exciting moment for the field.These algorithms are now becoming mature enough and powerful enough to be applicable to really challenging scientific problems.” Demis Hassabis, DeepMind’s founder and chief executive to The Guardian The implications of this are dizzying - from helping researchers figure out the exact mechanisms that create diseases to helping develop new medicines, better crops and even “green enzymes” that can break down plastic pollution. Why Is This a Big Deal? Well because it wasn't an easy task! Proteins are chains of amino acids that take myriad shapes, for example, like a googol cubed, or 1 followed by 300 zeroes. While scientists have discovered around 200m proteins, they only understand the structures of a few. Traditionally these shapes take years of labour and lab work to discover, and while computer scientists have sped up the process the technology offered by AI is unparalleled. (With inputs from The Guardian.) (Subscribe to FIT on Telegram) Stay Up On Your Health Subscribe To Our Daily Newsletter Now. Join over 120,000 subscribers!
The lava lake at Mount Nyiragongo, which is located inside Virunga National Park, approximately twelve miles north of the town of Goma – the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), is generally considered to be largest lava lake in recent history. Its depth varies depending upon the occurrence of volcanic eruptions but is believed to have reached a maximum depth of 10,660 ft in 1977 following a massive eruption. More recently, however, the lava lake at Mount Nyiragongo has a recorded depth of approximately 8,900 ft. Mount Nyiragongo is an active stratovolcano that is part of the Virunga Mountains, which is part of the larger Albertine Rift that encompasses parts of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, and Tanzania. As an active volcano that contains the world's largest permanent lava lake, Mount Nyiragongo has become an unique destination for travelers and hikers. The volcano is characterized by its symmetrical cone and large pool of reddish colored liquid lava. Classified as a stratovolcano, Mount Nyiragongo is composed of various layers of solidified lava and other volcanic materials such as ash, tephra, and pumice. The African volcano rises to a height of 11,380 ft and its major crater measures more than a mile wide and contains a pair of structures known as lava benches. According to worldatlas
The Odyssey the Role of Prophe The Odyssey the Role of Prophe When one considers the Greek mythology and literature, powerful images invariably come to mind. One relives the heroes’ resist numerous chances, their battles against wonderful beasts, and the gods’ periodic intervention in mortal affairs. Yet, a typical and typically necessary portion of a heroic legendary is the hero’s consultation with an oracle or divinity. This prediction is usually critical to the plot line, and likewise to the well being of the primary characters. Could Priam have endured in the Achaean camp if not at the gods’ instruction (200-201)? Might the Argos have actually run the onslaught of the Prowling Rocks if not for the gods’ recommendations of using a sacrificial bird (349 ). Moreover, prophecy can be unfavorable as well as favorable. Achilles was prophesied to die gloriously in fight if he selected his life’s way as a warrior. Oedipus was banished and condemned by his own words, after he slew his sire and wed his mom. This kind of prophesy can blind even the gods themselves; Chronos was fated to be beat and his throne taken by his kid. Demeter loses Persephone occasionally every year because her child ate Hades’ pomegranates. Prediction plays a crucial function in the entire of Greek folklore. Something this ever-present bears even more examination. In The Odyssey, prophecy in its myriad forms affects almost every aspect of the legendary. Prophecies are seen in the types of omens, signs, rigorous forecast of the future, magnificent condemnation, and divine guideline. Though conceptually these forms are difficult to differentiate, they are clearly different in the Odyssey. Moreover, predictions can be interpreted not only on the “plot device” level, however likewise on the level of characterization. Whether a character accepts or rejects the gods’ prophecies tells the reader something about the character himself. Omens are quick prophecies thoroughly connected to the action at hand, which must be analyzed in terms of that action. Halitherses talk about the eagle attack after Telemakhos condemns the suitors (463-464); he correctly interests it to indicate that if the suitors keep feeding off Odysseus’s ownerships they will be destroyed. Yet the suitors disregard the omen, welcoming their ultimate damage. This hoity-toity treatment of a magnificent omen is a validation for their deaths. When Penelope states if Odysseus had actually returned he would, with his kid, certainly slay the suitors, Telemakhos let loose a great sneeze (429 ). This omen enhances the previous one, and simultaneously prepares the reader for the carnage to follow. Nevertheless, not all prophecies are effective. In the case of Telemakhos we see many bird omens signifying for him to do something about the suitors. Whether it was his immaturity to translate the bird prophecies or blind conceit Telemakhos does not act on them. In reality, it’s not until Athena pertains to him that he thinks to act against the suitors in his home. Indications resemble prophecies, but vary in one vital element; the prophesee is searching for a specific omen in order to choose whether he must or should not take some action. There is only one fine example of a check in the Odyssey; on page 460, Odysseus asks Zeus for two divine indications to choose if it is time to kill the suitors. Zeus responses with a thunderclap from a cloudless sky and allows Odysseus to overhear a housemaid’s prayer for vengeance. Due to the fact that of these indications, Odysseus starts his plan to kill the suitors. Later on, with a thunderclap Zeus in fact signifies for the exact time to strike. Indications are handy gadgets; they permit not just a justification for when an occasion happens however also reveals the approval of the gods on such an action. Not just are signs and prophecies numerous in the Odyssey, but likewise the type one generally relates to prophesying, rigorous prediction of the future, abounds too. Penelope mentions that she will wed the male who can string Odysseus’s bow and perform his well-known accomplishment (469 ). Given that Odysseus is the just one to do so, the prediction is fulfilled. This “prophesy” is just a statement of the future; it contains no judgmental quality whatsoever. Theoklymenos’s prophesies to Penelope that Odysseus is at hand on the island and plotting revenge on the suitors (417) This, of course, is currently real, so the prophecy is technically true also. Nevertheless, it makes no judgement on the rightness or wrongness of either Odysseus’s or the suitors’ position. Teiresias shade’s speech to Odysseus (333) is a strictly objective foretelling, but nevertheless essential to the plot and character development. He specifies that Odysseus will arrive at Thrinakia; that if his shopmates eat Helios’s livestock they will be destroyed; that Odysseus will make the suitors pay in blood; which if he makes reparations to Lord Poseidon he will be granted a mild sea-borne death. Though Teiresias S prediction is without the predisposition which indications and prophecies have, it consists of enough to identify not only him but also Odysseus. Teiresias is level headed and simply, “forever/ charged with reason even amongst the dead” (329 ). Odysseus is defined by his reply to Teiresias:” my life works on then as the gods have spun it” (334 ). Odysseus does not try to escape his fate or change the prediction to fit his personal desire; he simply accepts it and thus accepts the will of the gods. Although there are myriad examples of divinities avenging themselves on mortals for wrongdoings, there is only one good example of magnificent condemnation consisted of directly within a prediction. Aigisthos is warned by the gods not to kill Agamemnot (341 ), however he neglects the recommendations and is ultimately slain by Orestes, Agamemnon’s child. By his very act of not hearkening to the prophecy, he invites the gods’ revenge; the gods avenge themselves by permitting the prediction to be fulfilled. In this case, the gods condemn Aigisthos through the prediction due to the fact that he did not listen to it in the very first location! Easily the most often seen kind of prophesy is that of divine instruction. A sample follows: Hermes offers Odysseus guidance and aid on how to conquer Circe’s trials (323-324); Circe likewise later on tells Odysseus the path he is predestined to take house, and the trials he will face (349-350); through Calypso, Zeus prophesies that Odysseus will return to the “civilized world” on Skheria after twenty days at sea (364 ). A general relation between a character’s qualities and his heeding of prophecies can be seen when the predictions are divine guideline. If the character follows the gods’ suggestions he will prosper. However the advice is provided not because a man is prosperous however since he merits. For that reason, if a male merits, he will repeatedly receive recommendations, and vice versa. How is a man worthy? By being brave, honorable, true, and following the gods’ recommendations! This relation is strictly a generalization, however can be applied to the other kinds of predictions too. The generalization helps us characterize the prophesees by their heeding of the prophecy. On the negative side, Aigisthos was slain because he didn’t heed the gods’ caution; this makes him not worthy, which suggests he wasn’t brave, respectable, and so on . The suitors consistently disregarded the prophecies of the gods and Halitheses’s prediction; therefore they were not worthy and should have to pass away, and so on. On the favorable side, due to the fact that Odysseus merits he is brave, honorable, real, and follows the gods’ advice. Also, due to the fact that he merits the gods provide him suggestions. It is circular sequential reasoning, however it keeps in the book. Odysseus blinds Polyphemus, offends his father, and Poseidon extends Odysseus’s voyage house. But because Odysseus is worthy and just made a mistake, the gods direct him back to reconciliation with the earth-shaker. How? Bad luck leads Odysseus to Aiaia. There Hermes helps him face Circe. Since of this, Circe leads Odyseus to the underworld and Teiresias. Teiresias instructs Odysseus on how to appease Lord Poseidon; Circe tells Odysseus how to get house. Moreover, though it is challenging to see, predictions likewise help characterize the prophesier, in the Odyssey, generally the gods. That the gods have the power to see the prophesier, in the Odyssey, generally the gods. That the gods have the power to see the future sets them apart from mortals; that they use this details wisely indicates that they are responsible beings. That a worthwhile male like Odysseus continuously follows their recommendations suggests that the gods are trustworthy; that they can satisfy their predictions even without the prophesee’s cooperation reveals that they are effective, responsible, credible and aloof. This description is not precise, however within the superstructure of the Odyssey it is approximately appropriate. All the various forms of prediction, prophecies, signs, stringent forecast, magnificent condemnation and instruction, collectively form character advancement: many of the essential actions in Homer would not have actually taken place if the characters failed to demonstrate faith in prophecies and prophecies. Though its usage as a plot gadget is more easily seen, its usage for characterization in the Odyssey is far more essential. In previous works, prophecy was used strictly as a plot justification, however in the Odyssey it has an important role, impacting both the plot and characters. Lawall, Sarah. The Norton Anthology of World Masterpieces. Norton & & Business, New York City. 1999. You Might Also Like
The Future Is Quantum: Orlando Hernandez speaks on emerging tech trends, including quantum computing, as part of an NJTC panel. For the past 50 years the capabilities of computers have been dictated by Moore’s Law, which states that the processing power of computer chips doubles every 18 months as manufacturers devise ways to fit more transistors on smaller bits of silicon. But what if instead of doubling, that computing power could be increased by a thousand fold? What could be done with all that extra power? Orlando Hernandez, associate professor of computer engineering at the College of New Jersey, sees a leap of that size in the near future as a real possibility thanks to advances in a technology known as quantum computing. And if a commercial quantum computer is ever made, the effects could be revolutionary. Hernandez is a panelist at the New Jersey Technology Council’s discussion of emerging tech trends, which will take place Thursday, February 21, from 4 to 7 p.m. at Maestro Technologies at 1 West State Street in Trenton. Hernandez will be on a panel of educational and government officials including Andrew Lowman, dean of Rowan’s school of engineering, Brian Sabina of the NJ Economic Development Authority, and assemblyman Andrew Zwicker, who chairs the science, innovation, and technology committee and holds a PhD in physics from Johns Hopkins University. A corporate panel will feature Sean Wohtman, customer engineer for Google, Chris Sullens of Central Reach, Walter Willinger, chief scientist of NIKSUN, and Steve Brittin of ORS Partners. Tickets are $40, $20 for members. For more information visit Hernandez says the acceleration of silicon chip technology is slowing down due to manufacturing and power consumption constraints. Quantum computing offers an alternative approach that would use lower power and have higher density and computing power. Traditional computing is based on electrical circuits that are either turned on or turned off at any given time and uses “bits” of information that are either a 1 (on) or 0 (off). Quantum computing takes advantage of phenomena of quantum mechanics at the atomic level, in which particles can be in more than one place at the same time. Because of this property, each “qubit” in a quantum computer can store vastly more information than just a one or a zero. Multiple Silicon Valley companies — Google, for one — have created experimental quantum computers that demonstrate the principles involved, but they are not yet practically useful. Hernandez thinks that if there is a breakthrough and someone creates a commercial quantum computer, the effects would be transformative. “Computing performance would move forward beyond the devices we can make right now out of silicon. We could use more sophisticated types of algorithms that artificial intelligence and machine learning are going to demand,” he says. For instance, artificial intelligence could begin to use “brain-inspired algorithms.” The human brain is made up of about 6 billion interconnected neurons and uses very little power, but it uses electrochemical processes that are very slow. A quantum computer could simulate a similar large amount of interconnections, but the connections could work at lighting speed. “We could have brain-like capabilities, which would allow us to do very sophisticated types of algorithms,” Hernandez says. Hernandez says one of the biggest obstacles to making practical quantum computers a reality is manufacturing. Silicon transistors have a vast global infrastructure dedicated to making them that has been built over the last 70 years along with the knowledge to go along with it. The manufacturing methods have become highly efficient. Every sheet of transistors can be cut into hundreds of identical processors. Could quantum computers ever be made with such efficiency and reliability? It’s an open question. “It’s one thing to make a few, but can you make millions?” Hernandez says. Meanwhile, devices powered by conventional computers are becoming ever more advanced. Hernandez believes that true self-driving cars will hit the market sooner than skeptics predict. In the long run, he sees the potential for the introduction of self-driving vehicles to totally remake the road infrastructure. For example, traffic lights might some day disappear as self-driving cars develop the capability to communicate with one another and organize safe and efficient passage through intersections. “You can envision not just autonomous vehicles, but a whole infrastructure of traffic management,” he says. “It’s just going to be more a question of is society going to accept it? I worry about societal issues such as regulation and litigation.” Hernandez predicts that we will soon see expanded uses for aerial autonomous vehicles. “Companies that are at the forefront of technology, like Amazon, have huge interest in autonomous systems for delivering packages and things,” he says. Hernandez says the biggest bottleneck in the product-to-consumer supply chain is the delivery. Delivery, he says, “is a big commercial area” with a good business case for using drones. “People are always going to need to get things, whether it’s food, or cleaning items, or devices, and I think that this industry is the biggest opportunity for autonomous systems,” he says. The supply chain could be even more efficient, Hernandez says, if 3D printers improve to the point where it becomes practical for people to print objects in their own homes, eliminating more delivery vehicle trips. Hernandez sees drone technology advancing rapidly by land, air, and sea. Seaborne drones have few civilian applications so far but are incredibly useful for military, safety, and search-and-rescue applications. When it comes to military drones, Hernandez is on the side of those who believe that military robots should never be able to make the decision to kill on their own. “I would think from an ethical and political perspective, ultimately the human, and ideally several levels of human decision making checkpoints should be involved,” he says. Hernandez was born in Cuba but grew up in Tampa, Florida, where his father was a baker. He loved to tinker with electrical devices from a young age, and this interest extended to personal computers, which became popular while he was in college in the 1980s. “I basically got one right away and used it for school,” he says. “I started studying the architecture of processors and got into chip design.” He earned bachelor’s and master’s degrees from the University of South Florida and a PhD from Southern Methodist University, all in electrical engineering. His first job out of college was with Texas Instruments. He eventually worked on machine vision systems for TI and earned a doctorate in that field. His dissertation was on how to use mathematical models to allow computers to detect scenery and discern important details. Today he is char of electrical and computer engineering at TCNJ. Facebook Comments
NB: Information presented here is only for educational purposes. While the information is accurate and up to date, it should NOT be used for self-diagnosis; only a trained psychiatrist is able to offer a mental illness diagnosis. What is Borderline Personality Disorder? Borderline personality disorder (BPD), also referred to as emotionally unstable personality disorder (EUPD), is a mental health disorder often manifested through a long-term pattern of unstable relationships, a distorted sense of self and intense emotional reactions. Individuals affected by BPD often struggle with fear of abandonment, suffer detachment from reality and experience feelings of emptiness. Women are diagnosed with BPD about 3 times as often as men. It appears to become less prevalent among older people; up-to half of the individuals diagnosed with BPD improve over a 10-year period. Symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder: Below are some of the symptoms that one may experience for a BPD diagnosis to be made: 1. An intense fear of abandonment and feelings of emptiness 2. A pattern of unstable intense relationships, such as idolizing someone one moment and then suddenly believing the person doesn't care enough 4. Impulsive and risky behavior, such as gambling, reckless driving, unsafe sex, spending sprees, binge eating or drug abuse, or sabotaging success by suddenly ending a positive relationship or quitting a job you enjoyed 5. Suicidal threats or behavior or self-injury, often in response to fear of separation or rejection Causes & Diagnosis: Like other mental illnesses, BPD is a complex disease whose main cause is not well known. However, the factors below might contribute to the chances of BPD: 1. Genetics Some studies of twins and family members suggest that personality disorders may be inherited or strongly associated with other mental health disorders in the family. 2. Brain abnormalities. Research has shown changes in certain areas of the brain involved in emotion regulation, impulsivity and aggression. Certain chemicals in the brain that help to regulate mood such as serotonin, may not function properly. 3. Hereditary predisposition. BPD occurs 5 times more often in an individual who has an affected close relative. 4. Childhood Abuse: Many people with BPD report to having been sexually/ physically/emotionally abused or neglected during their childhood Psychotherapy is the primary treatment for borderline personality disorder. Treatment should be based on an individual’s needs, rather than upon the general diagnosis of BPD. Medications are useful for treating comorbid disorders (those existing simultaneously with and usually independently of another medical condition- in this case BPD), such as BPD and anxiety. Short-term hospitalization hasn’t been found to be more effective than community care for improving outcomes/ long-term prevention of suicidal behavior in those with BPD. 1. Psychotherapy (Psychological counselling or talk therapy): The therapeutic approach mostly used is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) which as opposed to dwelling on the causes of the BPD, it focuses on what one can do to help change the way they are feeling. Apart from CBT, other approaches such as Dialectical Behavioral Therapy adds mindfulness approaches like meditation that can help those suffering from BPD. 2. Medications- depending on the symptoms, medications are usually prescribed by a psychiatrist, often mood stabilisers and antipsychotics. People with borderline personality disorder may be misdiagnosed especially because BPD has symptoms that co-exist (comorbidity) with other disorders such as BPD, bipolar disorder and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. How can I help someone I know with BPD? Supporting a loved one with BPD can sometimes be a challenging task. You can be under great pressure not knowing what to do or say for your loved one since anything you say, do not say, anything you do and do not do can be taken personally and negatively by your loved one. There is no instruction manual on what to do and say to make it better for them, but always remember being there and offering your help can be everything they need. Below are a few ways you can help your loved one: 1. Learn all you can about BPD. This will help you help your loved one better. 2. Do not judge and criticize but be understanding. Instead of trivializing the illness by saying mean things like “Why can’t you just be normal like other people?” you can say, “You seem to have a challenging time, anything I can do to make it easier for you?” 3. Be present. Just being there for your loved one even without saying a word makes them feel much better. Loneliness and BPD makes it harder for someone suffering BPD to recover. 4. Validate the person and the difficult phase they are going through. Statements like “I might not know what you are exactly going through but things will get better and I will be here for you” are very helpful. Acknowledging what they are going through is so important and goes a long way to help one feel loved and cared for. 5. Remind them they are not a bother and that they make your life special by being in it. 6. Help your loved seek professional attention. Let them know the hospital is a safe and viable option especially when a loved one is feeling suicidal. 7. Even if you are not physically present for your loved one, keep in close touch. Send several text messages every so often and give them a call. Send them memes and stuff that makes them happy. Do they love cooking for example? Send them a new recipe to try out. Do they love a certain kind of music? Send them a link of that so that they can listen to it. 8. Do things they enjoy together with them. When they seem isolated, offer to take them out on a movie they have been looking forward to watch. Is there a music concert they would enjoy? Buy tickets and go together with them. Do they love reading? Buy them a novel. Do they love baking? Buy ingredients and go bake with them. It really doesn’t have to be much. It really is the little things. 9. Instead of always talking about what your loved one is going through, have general conversations as well. Talking about the weather, what is trending on the internet, politics and anything else your loved enjoys really helps their minds wander. And this is helpful to make them feel better. 10. Remember that you cannot fix your loved one so do not feel helpless when you do something and they do not seem better or they push you away. Just be there and remember actions speak louder than words. Love and light,
Node and npm by Sai gowtham1min read What is Nodejs? Nodejs is a backend JavaScript framework built on top of the v8 JavaScript engine. why we need this ? • Because we need to run a local development server with the help of nodejs and also we need to test the app on the local machine. How to install nodejs? • Open website and download. Once your installation is completed open your terminal and run (node -v) if the version number is displayed then your are successfully installed. What is npm? npm is a node package manager which is used to install the libraries created by the other people. By using npm you can install or uninstall packages at any point in time. some important commands. To install any new packages you need to run these commands in your terminal. npm install <packagename> Uninstalling a package npm uninstall <packagename> npm install -g <packagename> -g is a global flag it means the package is globally installed in your system. npm install -D <package> -D it means the package which is only used during development, not in production.
Question: Is There Less Oxygen At Night? What are the symptoms of low oxygen at night? What are the Symptoms of Low Oxygen at Night?Rapid breathing.Restlessness.Waking up with a headache.Fast heart rate.Bluish tint to nail beds, earlobes, and/or lips.Elevated blood pressure.Shortness of breath.Waking up gasping for air.More items…•. What is the first sign of hypoxia? How can I increase oxygen in my body? What are the symptoms of low oxygen? How accurate is fitbit oxygen? As Fitbit explained in a blog post announcing the new watch face, oxygen saturation while you’re awake is generally between 95% and 100%. Does using oxygen make your lungs weaker? Does low oxygen wake you up? Low Oxygen Symptoms You Can Feel Your body has awakened you because of your low oxygen levels. It’s trying to get more oxygen into the body, and that means very specific mechanisms are being used. You may be gasping or hyperventilating. Your heart may also be racing. How accurate are pulse oximeters? The oxygen level from a pulse oximeter is reasonably accurate. Most oximeters give a reading 2% over or 2% under what your saturation would be if obtained by an arterial blood gas. Is 94 blood oxygen level low? What are the 2 readings on a pulse oximeter? A pulse oximeter measures two things:Blood Oxygen Saturation (SpO2): The measurement that indicates what percentage of blood is saturated. … Pulse Rate: Pulse rate is nothing but the heart rate that indicates the number of times a heart beats per minute. Are oxygen levels lower at night? What is normal oxygen level at night? Does your oxygen level drop when flying? Air Travel However, oxygen levels are only kept at this level up to 8,000ft in the air. Above this, the amount of oxygen in the air drops to about 15%. This leads to lower levels of oxygen in your blood. How do you know if your body is low on oxygen? How can I get more oxygen while sleeping? Why is my oxygen level low in the morning? Normal oxygen saturation levels drop when we sleep because we breathe more slowly. Does blood oxygen levels vary during the day? What is the lowest oxygen level you can live with?
SunSmart \| Solar Power page-template,page-template-full_width,page-template-full_width-php,page,page-id-16467,ajax_fade,page_not_loaded,,hide_top_bar_on_mobile_header,qode-child-theme-ver-1.0.0,qode-theme-ver-13.0,qode-theme-bridge,wpb-js-composer js-comp-ver-6.0.3,vc_responsive Solar Power Solar power is a fascinating subject and to newcomers can be a little confusing. Hopefully our FAQ’s below can answer your queries. If you have any other concerns, be sure to contact us and one of our expert consultants will provide you with answers. 1. How long will my solar panels last? Photovoltaic solar panels have been stringently tested over the decades. There is a small reduction in power output with age mostly due to dulling of the glass surface. Solar panels are expected to last 30 to 40 years. 2. What about the inverter, how long will it last? Electronic components such as the inverter are the most sensitive. With normal use, and as long as the system installed has been properly designed and the inverter is not overloaded, the inverter should last 15 years or so before requiring service. The top brand inverters offer extended warranties for up to 20 years. 3. What does grid connect mean? Grid connect solar is only available where grid electricity is available. The electricity produced by your solar installation directs the power back into the electricity grid. The electricity grid basically behaves like a big battery that stores the power your system produces. The solar panels send DC electricity to the inverter which converts it to AC electricity (usually all your household appliances run off AC electricity). By supplying power to the grid, in most cases the property owner receives a credit or a payment for that electricity. This may be in the form of a government subsidised grid feed-in tariff or a wholesale payment from the energy provider. 4. What affects the amount of solar energy produced? As solar energy is basically radiation from the sun, more energy is available in the summer months. Regardless of the seasons, the amount of energy generated will be affected by the amount of contamination (such as dust and moisture) in the air, the amount of cloud cover and any shading of the solar panels. The average solar energy converted to electricity in most areas within Australia has been calculated to an average of around 5 hours a day. Slight variations will occur dependant upon the installation of the system. 5. What about roof orientation. Is north really better? Yes it is if you live in the southern hemisphere… A system with solar panels facing in a northerly aspect will be the most efficient resulting in a higher production of electricity. However, all is not lost if you don’t have a northerly aspect on your roof. It just takes a little ingenuity to design an efficient system on an east west aspect. 6. How do I know if my building is suitable for a solar power system? There are a number of things to consider before ascertaining whether or not your property is a good solar site. Orientation, available space, shadows and your current electricity usage all have to be calculated into the equation. Regardless, just about every property is suited for renewable energy of some kind. 7. What does it cost to install a grid connect solar power system? Cost will vary according to the size of the system. Any available government rebates would be deducted from these estimates. A small system of around 1.5kW starts at around $6,000.00. If you have a large home consuming large amounts of power, a system to provide all your electricity needs could well rise to over $25,000.00. With the cost of electricity skyrocketing, most systems will still pay for themselves within 6 to 8 years. Call us to find out how. 8. What is a grid feed-in tariff? A grid feed in tariff is where your solar energy system is connected to the electricity grid and the property owner is paid for the electricity their system generates by a utility or government agency. There are two different types of tariffs, net feed-in and gross feed-in. A net feed-in tariff pays for any surplus energy created by the system. A gross feed-in tariff pays for all the electricity produced by the system. 9. What size system should I install? The answer to this question is three fold, as there are three different scenarios to consider. 1. In areas where there is no grid feed-in tariff, the best advice is to install a system large enough to provide all your daytime power usage. There’s no point producing more than what you use during daylight hours if you don’t get paid for any excess fed into the grid. 2. Some regions pay a one for one. In other words, you receive a credit for any excess power produced during the day that you can claim back during the night. In this case, the best advice is to install a system that covers all the electricity you use. Check your bill for your average daily kWh usage and if you have the budget, have a system designed to cover that usage. 3. The third scenario is where you receive a grid fed-in tariff, or a one for one with an excess tariff. In this case, you can install a system of any size that suits your budget. If you decide to install a system that delivers more power than you use, you will get paid for that excess. We suggest contacting us (see our contact page) and discuss your situation with one of our professionals who can give you the best advice based on your power usage and budget. Over and above the installation of renewable energy, it is a worthwhile exercise to implement energy efficient strategies. Using energy efficient lighting and appliances will significantly reduce energy costs. With the cost of power these days, it would be wise to look at these strategies. 10. What warranty can I expect from SunSmart Solar? • Solar Panels: All our solar panels have a 25-year performance warranty. • Inverter: minimum 5-year warranty on all inverters. Fronius inverters have warranty extension options that can be added to the standard 5-year warranty. Solar Edge inverters have a standard 12 year warranty. • Mounting System: 10-year product warranty (manufacturer) 11. What's the difference between monocrystalline, thin film or polycrystalline solar panels? There isn’t a lot of difference between monocrystalline and polycrystalline panels. Monocrystalline is slightly more efficient and therefore the panel is slightly smaller than a polycrystalline panel. Cost per watt is similar so roof space is usually the deciding factor as to which panel is used. Thin film panels are much larger again and are considered a more efficient panel in shady conditions. Unless your property suffers from shade we would strongly recommend monocrystalline for grid connect situations. 12. What affects the installation costs? A standard installation rate is based on the system being installed on a single storey pitched metal roof in close proximity to the meter box, with no additional or major work required in the meter box. Additional costs will be incurred for a flat or tiled roof, two storey building, fitting solar panels on more than one plane, or any equipment/meter box upgrades and extended warranties. 13. What about protection for my system? Most insurers will allow you to include the system under your home and contents insurance. If in doubt, contact your insurer. 14. Can I upgrade to a larger system down the track? This is a simple, but at the same time complex question. If you install a system with the intention to increase to a larger system in the future, you need to research your initial installation. It’s easy to say “just add a few more panels” but if you haven’t planned for it, you may be in for a shock. In most cases, the inverter will also need to be upgraded, which is an expensive exercise. So you’ve planned in advance and installed a larger inverter in anticipation of upgrading… Also a bad decision as an underpowered system will be extremely inefficient until you upgrade. If you really want to take this approach, then we suggest taking a good look at the inverter specifications. 1. Traditional inverters: You need to start with an inverter that has a minimum of two MPPT strings, for example a 4kW SMA inverter has two 2kW MPPT strtings which means you can fill one string (2kW) now and get the maximum performance from that string, then add another 2kW at a later date. This scenario works but you must add the whole 2kW at a time to ensure you don’t lose efficiency throughout the process. 2. Solar Edge inverter: All Solar Edge single phase inverters (up to 6kW) will function at 100% efficiency with just 1.5kW of panels connected. This gives you the flexibility of adding as much as you want or as little as you want at a time. That’s right; you can add just one panel at a time until you reach the maximum. This is accomplished due to the Solar Edge philosophy of employing MPPT at the panels, not within the inverter. 15. What happens on cloudy days? On cloudy days with a grid connect system any deficit will be drawn from the mains grid. 16. Is there any maintenance involved? A solar photovoltaic system is virtually maintenance free. The face of the solar panels are treated and clean themselves every time it rains. Every year or two it may be necessary to give the panels a clean with a soft broom. 17. Is it a reliable investment? A solar energy system has no moving parts, making it one of the most reliable investments of tangible product on the planet. With experts predicting the cost of power to increase by 15 to 20% per annum for the next 7 years, the return on investment will increase substantially each year. You will be hard pressed to find a better investment that not only saves you money, but helps our environment. It makes good sense.
1 Dinosaurs eye to eye Browse reviews by: Spaghetti Book Club - Book Reviews by Kids for Kids Dinosaurs eye to eye Written by Jonathan Woodward Reviewed by Jesus H (age 10) Dinosaurs eye to eye This book is about all kinds of dinosaurs. In this summary I will tell you information for seven dinosaurs. Spinosaurus is the biggest hunter in all of time. It was even bigger than a Tyrannosaurus! Spinosaurus ate fish. Spinosaurus’s teeth were like the modern animal today, the crocodile. The Spinosaurus has a sail on top of it’s back. That’s the special feature I like about the Spinosaurus. The Stegosaurus were part of the armored family. They lived in the late Jurassic. The Stegosaurus had bony plates on it’s back. Scientists think the stegosaurus’s bony plates keep them cool on hot sunny days. My favorite part about the Stegosaurus is that they have spikes on its tail. The Triceratops has three horns. Two big ones and one small one. The Triceratops was the biggest ceratopsian. They had a frill. Triceratops are herbivore which means they eat plants with their little teeth. The Triceratops had a beak to cut plants. The Tyrannosaurus lived in the mesozoic era. It was heavy and had huge jaws and huge teeth. The Tyrannosaurus had no enemies because they are the king of dinosaurs. Its name means the king of the tyrant lizards. Allosaurus is a type of theropod. This lived in the middle Jurassic. Allosaurus had knife-edged teeth. They hunted for Stegosaurus. The Allosaurus is resembled as the Tyrannosaurus. Sauropelta is a spiked and plated creature. It was the ancestor of the Anklosaurus. The Sauropelta has defense to protect itself from predators. Most likely the dinosaur named Deinonychus. The Sauropelta has big spikes on their necks and plates on the rest of their body. Deinonychus is a fast and agile hunter. These predators are one of the dromeosaurids. They had grabby hands. Deinonychus had some big fearless claws. They had one big claw on each foot. I thought this book was interesting for me. I think that because dinosaurs are my favorite animals. I don’t have a favorite dinosaur because they are all interesting to me. I learned a lot of information about dinosaurs that I didn’t even know about. Now I know a dinosaur called Sauropelta and I didn’t even know it existed before. Dinosaurs resemble many different animals that are living here today. The Stegosaurus resembles a turtle because both animals have a lot of protection. They have hard shells, which prevent predators from eating them. I would recommend this book to a child or adult that loves dinosaurs. I would give them the book if they don’t know about dinosaurs and they want to learn about dinosaurs. If people don’t like dinosaurs ,I would really want them to read the book and see if they really like dinosaurs.
Question: Why Is It Hard To Potty Train Autistic Child? Why a child refuses to potty train? For a toddler, control is often the ultimate goal. The more you insist he try the potty, the more he may resist. Some children are also terrified of falling in and/or are fearful of the flushing mechanism (“Hey, if stuff disappears down that hole, I might too!”) or the loud noise it makes when you flush the toilet.. Do toddlers with autism laugh? In effect, children with autism seem to laugh when the urge strikes them, regardless of whether other people find a particular situation funny. It’s this unforced, spontaneous quality to their laughter that other people seem to find appealing. Do autistic toddlers watch TV? Babies who watched television or video screens when they were 12 months old showed more autism-like symptoms when they reached age 2, a prospective study showed. How do autistic toddlers behave? Autistic Behaviors Some children are inattentive, distracted, or even throw loud long-lasting tantrums or meltdowns. There are no consistent physical or behavioral signs of autism. What is Einstein Syndrome? Can an autistic child ever talk? As many as 40 percent of autistic children don’t speak at all. Others may speak but have very limited language and communication skills. The best way to help your child build their communication skills and potentially learn to speak is to begin treatment as soon as possible. Do autistic toddlers cry a lot? How To Get Toddler To Tell You When They Need To PottyGive them lots to drink! A healthy bladder will make potty training 10 times easier. … Make sure they are not constipated. … Get them to pick their potty. … Set a routine and stick to it. … Shorter is better. … Praise & More Praise. … Patience. … Developmental milestones.More items…• What is a good potty training schedule? Schedule potty breaks. Have your child sit on the potty chair or toilet without a diaper for a few minutes at two-hour intervals, as well as first thing in the morning and right after naps. For boys, it’s often best to master urination sitting down, and then move to standing up after bowel training is complete. Can a child go to kindergarten not potty trained? Many children enter preschool as early as just after their second birthday. It’s normal for children as young as this not to be potty trained. … If the preschool does ask for your child to arrive in underwear and not nappies, ask yourself if your child is ready to be toilet trained. Emotional issues that can profoundly affect toilet training include a desire for independence and self-mastery, the child’s need to control some aspects of his environment, testing of limits and rules, his desire to win his parents’ approval, fears associated with toilet use, and the desire to mimic or conform to other … How do you potty train a child with developmental delays? Will autistic child ever be normal? What age is considered late for potty training? Around 36 months: Most children make the potty training leap around their third birthday. According to American Family Physician, 40 to 60 percent of children are completely potty trained by 36 months of age. However, some children won’t be trained until after they are 3 and a half years old. Will my autistic child get married? Autism and Marriage: A diagnosis of ASD does not need to prevent anyone from getting married. Just as in any relationship, individuals with ASD need partners who are understanding and respectful of their needs. What should you not say to a child with autism? Is it hard to potty train an autistic child? Many children with autism take longer than is typical to learn how to use the toilet. This delay can stem from a variety of reasons. Many children with autism have a general developmental delay. That is, they simply learn new skills more slowly than other children do. At what age is an autistic child potty trained? The average age in which a child is successfully toileting was 3.3 years of age for children with autism in comparison to 2.5 years of age for children with other developmental disabilities (Williams, Oliver, Allard, & Sears, 2003). What age do autistic children talk? Does autism worsen with age? How long should potty training take?
Timeless Wisdoms from Ancient India This course offers an entry-level introduction to bright young minds on the luminous lessons on equality, success, happiness, competition, mindfulness and more contained in Ancient Indian texts, through interactive discussions. 21 June 2021 1600 - 1700h IST On Days Fee (₹, incl taxes) (5 sessions) Grades 5, 6, 7 About the Course Among India's oldest and most venerated texts are the Vedas, the Upanishads and the Bhagavad Gita, repositories of timeless and secular wisdoms that continue to hugely impact and influence the world view of Indians today, even those that have no familiarity with the texts themselves. How come? How have these texts, which weren't even written down for over a thousand years after they were composed, stood the test of time? What makes them so popular not just with Indians or Hindus but with people of other cultures, religions and geographies? Why, and more importantly, how are the ideas and lessons they contain still so relevant to our 21st century world? And, last but not the least, why is it important that children be introduced to them? These and many other such questions will be explored in this course, which aims to also offer to bright young minds an entry-level introduction to the luminous lessons on equality, success, happiness, competition, mindfulness and more contained in these texts, while providing a background and context to the time and social situation in which they were first conceived. The tone of the course will be anything but pedantic - in fact, the focus will be on keeping it fresh, engaging and fun. The aim is not so much to provide answers as to encourage questioning, seeking, and self-reflection, and equip children with some of the tools and thoughts they need to kickstart their personal and individual journeys to richer, more content, and more rewarding lives. About our Facilitator: Roopa Pai Roopa Pai
Cup of CoffeeGood news coffee drinkers and non-coffee drinkers read this carefully – Coffee drinking can actually let you live longer by keeping heart diseases and other diseases at bay! Well, atleast it is not responsible for any “increased rate of deaths”. “Coffee consumption has been linked to various beneficial and detrimental health effects, but data on its relation with death were lacking,” says Esther Lopez-Garcia, PhD, the study’s lead author. “Coffee consumption was not associated with a higher risk of mortality in middle-aged men and women. The possibility of a modest benefit of coffee consumption on heart disease, cancer, and other causes of death needs to be further investigated.” The researchers studied 84,214 women for the Nurses’ Health Study and 41,736 men for Health Professionals Follow-up Study. The criterion for volunteers to participate was that they had to be free from cancer and heart disease while taking part in the study. The study participants had to fill in questionnaires that had questions on how many times a day they drank coffee, other diet habits, smoking, and health conditions. The study during the follow up period (1980 to 2004) involving 84,214 women revealed that women who consumed two to three cups of caffeinated coffee per day had 25 percent lower risk of death from heart disease than the ones who did not drink coffee. Also the women had 18 percent lower risk of death caused due to health issues other than cancer or heart disease in comparison with non-consumers, during follow-up. Mean while in 41,736 men that were studied in the follow-up period (1986 to 2004), there was no significant impact of coffee in death risk, both in coffee drinkers and non-drinkers. Comparison studies were made between the frequency of death from any cause, death due to heart disease, and death due to cancer among people with different coffee-drinking habits, by researchers. Researchers inferred that 2,368 deaths were due to heart disease, 5,011 were due to cancer, and 3,716 were due to another cause in women. In men, it was found that 2,049 deaths were due to heart disease, 2,491 were due to cancer, and 2,348 were due to another cause. Other than cancer and heart diseases, researchers also calculated the death rates by accounting risk factors like body size, smoking, diet, and specific diseases. It was found that coffee-drinkers were less likely to die during the follow-up period. The reason behind this is given as the lower risk for heart disease deaths among people who consume coffee. However, researchers have not found any association between cancer deaths and caffeine. Even the people who drink de-caffeinated coffee had lower death rates than the ones who did not drink coffee. The study has been published Annals of Internal Medicine. However editors of the journal warn that the study does not imply that drinking coffee decreases chances of dying sooner than expected. There can be other factors as well that help coffee drinkers live a disease free life as well as no study can be perfect as there can some measurement error in the assessment of coffee consumption as the participants self-reported there coffee-drinking habits.
Kelly Mine Useful Information Location: Eastern flank of Dartmoor, within the National Park. Open: All year Wed, Sun. After appointment. Fee: MineIron Mine Light: electric. Guided tours: Address: Kelly Mine, Nick Walter, 11 Lears Lane, Chudleigh, Devon TQ13 0LP. Telephone 01626 853127 1797 first reference of workings at Kelly. 1877 first official record of the mine. 1892 mine closed. 1900 leased by the Scottish Silvoid Company of Glasgow and reopened. 1951 mine closed. 1984 Kelly Mine Preservation Society (KMPS) formed, mine taken over. 1985 restoration work commenced. Several mines in this area of Dartmore produced micaceous haematite (shiny ore), a flaky form of iron oxide. It was used mainly for the production of MIO (micaceous iron oxide) anti-corrosion paints. Dartmoor is a huge granite intrusion, lava which rose through the rock but got stuck and cooled down very slowly deep inside the crust. Later the surrounding rocks were eroded and the granite reached the surface. The granite does not have layers or crack, at least not enough to allow water to flow underground. As a result the whole area is very wet and supports raised moorland. The rocks once had cracks but they were filled by various minerals by hydrothermal activities. The remaining heat of the lava heated the ground water which solved minerals from the rock, which were then deposited in the cracks and so the cracks were completelx filled in. The resulting veins are called lodes. In this part of the Dartmoor granite the lodes contain mostly iron oxide. Kelly Mine near Dartmor in Devon is an abandoned Iron Mine. It is owned and maintained by the Kelly Mine Preservation Society. The tour includes aeveral above ground buildings, like the stone building with a working waterwheel, which houses the drying furnace, the ore packaging equipment and the blacksmiths shop. It contains a Blackstone oil engine and a water turbine, both can be used to power the machinery. Working machinery are the Californian stamps, a screw classifier, the original compressor and the unique haulage winch. There is a shaft with inside and outside settling tanks. There are various tramways including an inclined tramway to the lower adit. When a mine finally closed the equipment was sold off, either for use on another mine or for its scrap value. The company which worked the mine at last was in debt to the land owner for rent and for royalties on the ore extracted. There was a legal dispute and the company left the machinery on the site in lieu of payment. It seems the dispute was never resolved and the site was left untouched for many years. After more than 30 years a group of mining enthusiasts, the Kelly Mine Preservation Society, convinced the owner to lease the site to them. The result is a unique collection of mining machinery still remaining on its original site. This is only one of numerous mines in the area, which worked the shiny ore, micaceous haematite. The largest mien of the area was the Great Rock Mine at Hennock. It worked longer than Kelly mine, until 1969, and when it closed the the production of shiny ore in Britain ended.
Sites that require usernames and passwords use what are referred to as “session cookies.” It’s a small bit of information retained by the browser which tells the site “I have logged in.” Basically, that’s how a browser and a website that accepts logins remembers that the person using it has logged it. The cookie expires when someone closes the browser. Sometimes people updated their browsers and set the privacy settings to not accept cookies of any kind. There is nothing inherently wrong with that, but it is really overdoing it. It limits a person to essentially window shopping. Without cookies on a site which has user login capability, the viewer can look, but cannot interact. They can disable third-party cookies but not first-party cookies. All a visitor needs to do is enable cookies. It is a BROWSER function, not a computer function. The method is determined by the browser settings. For example, for Firefox: For Edge: Safari: (Note the explanation of third v first party) Solia Media FAQ: When Must the Visitor to My Site Use Cookies?
Model Train Track Grades and Maximum Grade Issues Designing Layouts to Prevent Derailments Model railway, warehouse onfilm / Getty Images The track grade is the slope of a railroad track. The track grade is expressed as the percentage of its rise for the length of its run. For example, if you have 100 inches of model railroad track and the train climbs one inch, then the grade is 1 percent. When 25 inches of track rises 1 inch, the grade is 4 percent. The maximum grade is the steepest slope your trains can climb. Well-planned grades can make a layout interesting. Badly planned ones can be a disaster. • 01 of 09 What's My Maximum Grade? The simple answer you will hear from many model railroad fans is to never use grades steeper than 2 percent. However, that isn't the final answer. The largest manufacturer of model railroad landscape materials, Woodland Scenics, offers flexible incline foam for grading model railroad train layouts in grades of 2 percent, 3 percent, and 4 percent, and they continue to sell them. These grades aren't very steep for model trains, but they are steep grades for real-life trains. In real-life railroading, there are three classes of grades: 0.8 percent to 1 percent is "light grade," 1 percent to 1.8 percent is "heavy grade," and anything greater than 1.8 percent is "mountain grade." Because of this limitation in real-life trains, some builders of prototypical model railroads will ridicule any grade steeper than 2 percent, calling them "toy train" layouts. Maximum grade is frequently dictated by available layout space. The implied requirement is that if you are building a small layout it should be flat. But why not a mountain grade railroad over a flat oval or figure eight? • 02 of 09 Maximum Track Grade and Train Issues Maximum grade is a function of three factors: the power of your locomotives, the weight of your locomotives, and the number and weight of the cars in your trains. That the locomotive's power is a factor is common sense; a weak locomotive won't pull many cars up a grade. But how the weight of the locomotive affects maximum grade isn't quite so obvious. The greater the weight, the greater the traction. This means wheels on lighter locomotives may slip where heavier locomotives can climb a grade. Larger scale locomotives may handle steep grades better than smaller scales. Good N scale locomotives can pull around 15 cars up a 4 percent grade. But to some modelers, 15 cars is too short a train. • 03 of 09 Grades, Like Curves, Are All About Space With model train track curves the concern is the width of the space available to us. While curves can be used to break up the monotony of long straight sections of track, turning a train around with a180-degree curve, a necessity for continuous running layouts, taxes the limits of a narrow layout. With model train track, grades can also be used to make a layout more visually appealing. But interesting layouts frequently pass one track over another on bridges or trestles. And gaining sufficient height for an over/under on a short model railroad layout is where grades become a challenge. • 04 of 09 Model Railroad Layout Overpass Clearances Model Railroad Layout Overpass Clearances The Spruce / Randall Roberts The table lists clearances in various scales for bridges and tunnels. The National Model Railroad Association (NMRA) doesn't list standards for tunnel and bridge clearances. Its vertical clearance standards are based on its "H" dimension. Manufacturers of trestle piers and tunnel portals generally exceed this dimension sufficiently to take into account the height of the rails for most model railroad tracks. However, there are numerous cases where tunnel portal products don't have sufficient clearance for models of modern locomotives and cars. Pantographs on electric locomotives increase clearance requirements, too. Continue to 5 of 9 below. • 05 of 09 Grading Runs for a Crossover Grading Runs for a Crossover The Spruce / Randall Roberts To raise a track to cross over itself, as in a simple figure eight, you need a grade that will raise the track to the clearance height. The table of clearances includes the lengths of the runs required to raise the track to the specified height for 2 percent, 3 percent, and 4 percent grades in various scales. Remember that the track must also descend back to its starting level, so this length of the grade is required on each end of the bridge. The diagram shows N scale crossovers layouts for 2 percent and 4 percent grades. Ascending tracks are in green and descending tracks are in red. The 2 percent grade layout requires more than 6 yards of length for the layout. • 06 of 09 Split Your Track Grades Split Your Track Grades The Spruce / Randall Roberts You can't shorten the total track grade length required for an over/under, but you can split your grades in half. To do this you raise the base elevation by one-half the tunnel clearance height. Then you use grades to lower your track for the under and raise it for the over. This technique requires four half-length track grades instead of two full-length track grades. It can also make your layout more interesting to look at. The diagram shows N scale figure eights with the grades split. The 4 percent grade layout now has a length of 3 yards. The blue outer curves are the midpoints of the grades. You could further shorten the layout by making the curves part of the grade. However, curved grades have additional considerations. • 07 of 09 Curved Track Grades When you curve a grade, you increase the effective slope of the grade. The tighter the curve, the steeper your effective grade. An example is an 11-inch radius curve with a 4 percent grade in N scale. An Athearn consolidation class locomotive would pull nine of its Overton passenger cars over this curved grade with no difficulty. If you made an 8.5-inch radius curve with a 4 percent grade, the consolidation would only pull five of its cars over this tighter turning grade. This grade is 1 inch high, half the N scale over/under height. • 08 of 09 Multiple Unit Locomotives When pulling longer trains, particularly on an N scale, it is common to use the prototypical practice of pulling the train with multiple locomotives. This will also increase the size of a train that can be pulled up a grade, or the maximum grade for fewer cars. In the Steam Era, it was not unusual for railroads to have "helper" locomotives standing by to be added to trains at steeper grades. While modern prototypical diesel trains usually put all the locomotives at the front of the train, some modelers put locomotives in the middle of a train. Continue to 9 of 9 below. • 09 of 09 Ghost Cars (Motorized Box Cars) Another technique is to use a ghost car or "cheater car." This is a freight car, usually a boxcar, that is motorized like your locomotives. Ghost cars are usually put in the middle of a long train or spaced evenly throughout a long train if more than one is being used. Randgust makes a ghost car kit and Reality Reduced has a video on how to put it together. • Always build your layout on layers of foam with the most track at the midpoint of crossover elevation. Then you can always split your grades going down for the under the track and up for the over the track. • Test your trains on the layout before you glue down your grade foam and track. Make sure your locomotives can navigate all your turns and grades, pulling the number of cars you desire. • If your favorite trains can't run on the layout, rethink your design. There's always a solution, but sometimes it takes a while to find it.
A Happy Haiti The Haitian art in Galeria La Sirena's exhibition doesn't quite match current events In Gary Doursainville's painting "Friend or Foe," U.S. Marines are marching through Port-au-Prince, Haiti. Haitians stand on their wrought-iron balconies, beneath picturesquely curving treetops, watching the invasion. They smile and wave at the troops advancing through the pastel-colored streets. They're delighted, because these rifle-brandishing Marines are intent on restoring President Jean-Bertrand Aristide to power. If the painting, on view in a show of Haitian art at Galeria La Sirena, seems like a disconnect to current events, it is. Ten years ago, when Doursainville painted it, the Haitian army had ousted the duly elected Aristide in a coup, and the U.S. troops arrived to put him back into office. Last month, American troops came back for an entirely different purpose. This time, they "escorted" Aristide--the deposed president uses the word "kidnapped"--to exile. This quick turn of events is typical of Haiti's tortured history. As the year began, Haitians were preparing to celebrate the 200th anniversary of their independence from France. Haitian rebels staged a successful slave insurrection in the late 18th century and then established the world's first black republic in 1804, ironically taking their inspiration from their colonial rulers' own revolution back home. But their triumph devolved into a sorry cycle of homegrown political corruption and outside intervention. The United States has shown up regularly, and actually ruled the place from 1914 to 1934, exacerbating racial and class tensions by giving preference to upper-class mulattoes. With a paper-thin layer of wealthy elites at the top, Haiti regularly ranks as one of the poorest countries in the Americas. Doursainville's Marine painting notwithstanding, political tumult and poverty don't often make their way into Haitian art. (During the brutal reign of the Duvaliers, from 1957 to 1986, political critiques were hardly encouraged.) Made primarily for the tourist trade, Haitian paintings are small and portable, and typically celebrate the picturesque island and its "exotic" people. Self-taught artists apparently were already working early in the 20th century, but scholars trace the modern blossoming of homegrown Haitian painting to the Centre d'Art, an art school founded by an American watercolorist in Port-au-Prince in the early '40s. Haitian artists typically concentrate on such things as flowers growing in profusion in the countryside, on fruits tumbling out of baskets, on full-bodied, black-skinned women dressed in brilliant yellow kerchiefs or red dresses. They paint fruit sellers jostling each other in crowded outdoor markets, lovers trysting in the woods, and even ghosts escaping from cemeteries. Turning the routines and rituals of daily life into painted poetry, the artists used a charming naïve style that deploys elementary drawing and flat planes of brilliant color. La Sirena's exhibition features plenty of these joyful subjects. "Joie de Vivre," for instance, a 1970s oil on masonite by Fritz Merise, pictures a group of dancers and musicians in the countryside. The whole painting seems to dance--even the two pastel houses are askew, and the palm trees twist and shimmy. Between the dancing houses, a man and women clasp hands and tread with delirious abandon, while another man pounds a conical red drum and still another plays a flute. All the men wear bright-yellow straw hats, and the woman is in exuberant pink. Country and city paintings alike luxuriate in a life lived outdoors. The island's curving green hills or the cascading waves of the surrounding Caribbean Sea nearly always show up; if not front and center, they poke up in the background. Gérard Bruny's "La Famille Rurale" is a pastoral that links the fertility of the land to the fecundity of its inhabitants. A dirt path meanders around breast-shaped hills, while in the garden, phallic plants burst out in pointed purple and yellow leaves. A father returns along the path to a wife great with child, and their children already born rush into his arms. The land shows up even in the skewed geometry of the city paintings, where the streets are a patchwork of crazy angles, and their French-style town houses an unruly checkerboard of purples, pinks and greens. Jacques-Jean Baptiste's "Epicerie St. Pierre" (St. Peter Grocery), an oil on masonite from the 1970s, brings the fruit of the land onto the pulsating city streets. A woman sitting on the curb has a basket of grain for sale, and a man maneuvers a pushcart piled high with melons. A woman from the country rides in on a broken-down horse, while a man strides along in a mysterious cloak painted in green, pink and gold flowers. This strange costume, and an equally strange banner in his hands, is a reminder of Haiti's voodoo heritage. Most of Haiti's noted artists of the early period were voodoo priests, and paintings still depict voodoo ceremonies and their practitioners' ecstatic visions. In Baptiste's "Zombie Awake," an oil on canvas from the 1970s, a seated woman in a white dress seems to be in a trance. Behind her two women bear lighted candles, a man holds a jug and cup, while another pounds a drum. They're all singing or chanting, open-mouthed. A Christian shrine on the wall behind them shares the painted yellow space with voodoo symbols--circles, spirals, hearts and arrows--testifying to voodoo's blending of African and Christian elements. By 1990, voodoo artist Roger François felt free enough to incorporate unambiguous political symbols into his work. (In 1986, the United States had escorted Baby-Doc Duvalier out the country, and in 1990, Aristide was elected.) "La Famille Lavalas," a François oil on canvas, depicts the new president as a powerful rooster, the animal that symbolized his Lavalas party. This Aristide is the cock of the walk, with a manly comb on his head and resplendent blue feathers decorated with repeating yellow designs. The plant life around him is abundant, too, its purple and green leaves bursting into yellow and orange flowers. The ground beneath his claws is rich and green and full of possibility. In his wings the rooster holds three yellow bananas, a promise of plenty for Haiti's hungry. The picture of what happened to all this hope has yet to be painted. It would be nice to assign the task to Doursainville, who gave his 1994 picture of the Marines the ambiguous title, "Friend or Foe." But he's no longer around to paint his skeptical vision. Doursainville is dead, and another artist will have to undertake the epilogue of Aristide. Comments (0) Add a comment Add a Comment
click tracking Dickens and Neurology \| Montreal Dickens Fellowship Montreal Dickens Fellowship for the best of times Dickens and Neurology By: Louise de Tonnancour February 2021 Stacks Image 9 Our planet experienced great turbulences during 2020. World leaders had to turn to the science of medicine to more or less guide us through difficult moments. Researchers in the medical field were pressed by governments , pharmaceutical companies and universities to find a vaccine . It was urgent! In view of this, I thought of shedding a little bit of light on the great accomplishments made by marvellous and inspired physicians, mostly in the 19th century, who sometimes worked alone, in small groups or within the walls of a hospital to relief or cure disorders of the body and the mind. The 19th century was called Victorian because of Queen Victoria reigning almost through it. It was also called The Long Century, a term for the 125 years period from 1789 to the outbreak of WWI. It refers to the notion that reflects a progression of new ideas which are characteristic to an understanding of this century. Physicians also benefited from the use of new or improved instruments and methods for treating patients. For instance: -The mercury-in-glass or mercury thermometer was invented by physicist Gabriel Fahrenheit in Amsterdam in 1714. The Fahrenheit scale is still in use today. -The stethoscope was invented in 1816 by a French physician named René Laennec. It was much more helpful than putting ear on the patient's chest to perceive sounds made by the heart and the lungs. -The hypodermic needle and syringe was first used in 1853 by physician Alexander Wood in Edinborough to inject morphine into humans. He is credited for inventing the technique. The syringes are found in Greek and Roman literature where there are descriptions of hollow reeds for the ritual of anointing the body with oil. They were also used as musical instruments. In 1659, Christopher Wren, better known as architect than for medical training, pioneered a syringe made of animal bladder fixed to a goose quill to inject wine and opium into the veins of a dog. -In the 19th century, Louis Pasteur identified germs as the cause of many diseases around the world thanks to the advancement in microscope technique. He also advance the study of virology in medicine. He is best known to the general public for pasteurization, his invention to stop bacterial contamination. -Vaccines were also introduced at the end of the 18th century by English physician and scientist Edward Jenner. He pioneered the first smallpox vaccine. The vaccine became mandatory and by 1980 the world was declared free of smallpox. In Dickens' "BLEAK HOUSE" Jo, Charley and Esther contracted smallpox. -In 1895, German physicist Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen discovered x-rays which were first to be used by battlefield physicians to locate bullets in wounded soldiers. Here, there and everywhere, and most certainly in the field of medicine, the world was moving towards an advance state of understanding. Also with research, neurology leapt towards new frontiers. Let me introduce you to three physicians very much involved in this course of action. -Armand Duchenne de Boulogne. His studies evolved around muscular dystrophy. He also left us with the Duchenne smile, a smile that involves certain muscles and signals true happiness. The smile occurs when some muscles lift the corners of your mouth and other muscles, around your eyes, lift your cheeks and crinkle your eyes at the corner. -Pierre Paul Broca best known for his research on Broca's area, a region of the frontal lobe named after him. He revealed that patients suffering from aphasia had lesions in a particular part of the cortex. This was the first anatomical localization of brain function. His work helped to develop anthropology and anthropometry. -Jean Martin Charcot also a French neurologist best known for his work on hypnosis and hysteria. His name has been associated to various conditions sometimes referred to as the Charcot diseases. Dickens first witnessed mesmerism or hypnosis, as we call it today, performed by physician John Elliotson who had learned the technique from Baron Jules Dupotet who arrived in London to advertise and demonstrate it. Dupotet remained ignored by the public and the medical profession. Hypnosis had flourished on the continent but remained largely ignored in England until 1837. Dickens asked John Elliotson to teach him. He immersed himself in books on the subject and went on to hypnotise his wife Catherine and his sister-in-law Georgina but never submitted to be hypnotise himself. He even introduced mesmerism into his fiction. In Oliver Twist, he describes Oliver falling into a trance like state. In Nicholas Nickleby, Nicholas reads a book as if "in a magnetic slumber". At the blacking factory where he worked at the age of twelve, after his father's imprisonment at the Marshalsea, Dickens encountered much despair and loneliness in a very hostile environment. This experience left an indelible impression on his psyche. All his life, he kept it a secret but it transpired through his novels, mainly in the true to life description of his characters. He was able to do so because he had witnessed poverty and diseases. "Dickensian Diagnosis. " is the title of an article, I had the pleasure of reading, written in 1955 for a medical journal by Sir Russell Brain who was a physician to the London Hospital of Nervous Diseases. This hospital opened in 1867, closed in 1993 and was replaced by National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery. Here is a quotation by Sir Russell Brain: "Perhaps it is most surprising that disease should play a considerable part in the novels by Dickens. He took pleasure in portraying the bizarre, the grotesque and, indeed, the horrifying; and, when he lived, the visible effects were much more obvious than they are today. This is partly because the progress of medicine has fortunately eliminated many of it's grosser manifestations, and partly because in Dickens' days there were few facilities for the segregation of people seriously afflicted in body and mind. What is surprising however, is that he should have given such detailed and accurate descriptions of the disorders his characters suffered. He was not content with vague diagnosis like brain fever, which figure in the works of some of his contemporaries, and even those who wrote much later. Dickens looked on diseases with the observing eye of the expert clinician, and recorded what he saw and what the patient told him, so that he often gives us accounts which would do credit to a trained physician." Now let's look at a few cases related to neurology disorders in Dickens's pages. -Head injuries: with Eugene Wrayburn in "Our Mutual Friend" it's a clear description of fluctuating consciousness. With Mrs Gargery in "Great Expectations" he made a very good account of an aphasic person making incredible efforts to be understood. -Cerebral arteriosclerosis: with Mrs Skewton in "Dombey and Son", Dickens gave us an accurate and quite long description of her trying to write. Loss of speech is associated with paralysis on the right side. This is why she couldn't write. She had agraphia. Sir Leicester Dedlock in "Bleak House" had a stroke and Dickens wrote... "his whispers sound like mere jumble jargon" an anticipation of the term jargon aphasia. Mr Dorrit in "Little Dorrit" also had some cerebral problem which seems to be vascular. One of his earliest symptom was narcolepsy. He fell asleep several times during a meal. Mr Willet in "Barnaby Rudge" shows symptoms of apoplexy resulting from a cerebral haemorrhage or a stroke. -Symptomatic epilepsy: it struck Anthony Chuzzlewit in" Martin Chuzzlewit". -Paraplegia: grand-father Smallweed in "Bleak House" is the most well known case. Here is how Dickens described him " a helpless condition as to his lower limbs, and nearly so as to his upper limbs, but his mind is unimpaired". Another case was Mrs Clennam in "Little Dorrit" who did not leave her room for twelve years. -Psychiatric studies: Old Chuffey, Anthony's clerk in Martin Chuzzlewit was a case of senile dementia. But, strangely enough, old Chuffey was suddenly cured. For the good of the plot, he was able to reverse his state and gave evidence concerning Anthony Chuzzlewit's death. What I allow myself to name reverse dementia. -Schizophrenia: Mr. F's aunt in Little Dorrit was an elderly schizophrenic. -Chronic Hypomania: it was suggested with the man in "Nicholas Nickleby" who made advances to Mrs. Nickleby, with great happiness and excitement, over the garden wall. Multiple Personality: without a doubt, Dr. Manette in "A tale of two cities". -Mental defectives: Barnaby Rudge in the novel by the same name. Also Maggy in "Little Dorrit". Little Dorrit said "She had a bad fever, sir, and she has never grown older since." There are many more clinical cases in Dickens novels . With Joe the fat boy, we see a subject with sleep breathing disorder which is still called the Pickwickian syndrome or more recently hypoventilation syndrome. Another memorable character was Tiny Tim. It was suggested he had Pott's disease. Here is a brief list of other conditions described by the author : tuberculosis, chronic bronchitis , asthma, restless leg syndrome, Parkinson's disease, chorea, Tourette's syndrome, complication due to alcohoolism. Dickens himself suffered from asthma, so he knew what he was writing about when he described Major Bagstock who had a "...wheeze very like the cough of a horse". " At a time when medicine itself was only just beginning to recognize the importance of physical signs, the characters, in Dickens' imagination are so real that they have recognisable diseases of body and mind, described with the accuracy and insight of great clinical observer." Sir Russell Brain. The Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital ( with 85 beds)also called the Montreal Neuro or just the Neuro originated from the sub-department of neurosurgery at the Royal Victoria Hospital in 1933 before it moved to its newly constructed building across University street. In 1934, Sir Edward Beatty, chancellor of McGill, declared the institute formally opened. The Rockefeller Foundation provided funds to build and equip the laboratories of the institute and created an endowment of one million dollars in support of the department of neurology and neurosurgery. The clinical or hospital part of the institute was built through donations from private individuals. The Province of Québec and the city of Montréal agreed that they would be responsible for the hospital's yearly operation. His current director is Dr.Guy Rouleau. Research in the science of neurology is also done at L'Université de Montréal . I invite you to raise your glass and toast all the men and women of the 19th century whose lives and works were a catalyst for modern medicine.
Why Choose Creative Moose Development And Special Meaning Of Traffic Lights Traffic lights have several names, such as traffic lights. Traffic lights, etc. They are configured to control traffic signals. The main traffic lights appeared in the mid-1800s and now consist of two red and green lights that are still used in many countries. After all, wasn’t there a real way to render naturally and consistently to do things naturally? The traffic officer turns on the lights so that the correct lights indicate the traffic situation. This traffic control strategy was considered effective but did not last long. Approximately one year later, it was assessed that traffic lights exploded and massacred activity officials. Everyone began to question the security of current innovation and decided not to use it until the middle of the 20th century when the choice of electricity was presented. From that moment, these traffic control strategies are spread all over the world, and today it is difficult to find places that cannot be found on Earth. Traffic lights these days are not the ideal way to ensure safe traffic progress everywhere, but in reality, they are excellent. The best-known tones in the rush hour blocking signals are red, yellow and green, but their importance may vary depending on the specific country to which reference is made. Shaded red is associated with “stop” and virtually all cases. Shading can also mean something like a closed path. Yellow, which is often seen between red and green, means that it is ready to turn green and is a good opportunity to move. The green allows you to drive forward or at the crossroads. Red and green tend to be rougher tones than yellow. Sometimes it may be necessary to keep the stoplight for at least 5 minutes when the red light is on. This is regular when development work is done on the street. In some countries there is an act of killing red and green from morning to night, leaving everything as yellow light and traffic signs. This is strong in urban areas and cities with low population and low traffic. Some traffic lights have been improved with audio effects. This is done to ensure the safety of people with vision problems or visual disabilities. If the tone is red, it will sound gradual, indicating that it cannot be crossed which indicates that the light is projected to continue sounding when it turns green. This pedestrian trampoline is deactivated mainly during the afternoon hours, to prevent people with potholes from getting angry at irritating sounds. Of course, traffic lights have been used remarkably for more than 100 years. They avoid many automatic collisions and guarantee the safety of the individual. What has not changed in a long time is still here. Some people think that this light is harmful and great. I can understand why someone says that. Numerous designers convey their feelings and say that the well-being of bicycles and people is influenced by traffic lights, but can cause crowded driving conditions. Also, some brake lights have a locator and do not work regularly when a cruise, bicycle or bicycle passes. This type of vehicle does not have a mass similar to the vehicle, so the sensor does not recognize it. This problem can cause car accidents. Are You Looking For The Mini Dessert Cups? The JM style presents you all new and advance type of crockeries which may makes you feels and experience even better. They have beer glasses, mini dessert cups, and pint glasses, elegant plastic plates for both commercial and for an individual purpose. They gives you an opportunity to make customization as much as you want or needed to be make. 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Composer John Williams has been nominated for over 50 Academy Awards, won three Emmy Awards, and won more than 20 Grammy Awards. ((Photo Credit: Hannah Bruty/Used With Permission)) (Photo Credit: Hannah Bruty/Used With Permission) More than Just Background Noise: The Artistry of Scores January 22, 2021 Imagine your favorite movie scene with as many details as you can recall. Now imagine that scene again, but without the background music. How does your impression of the scene change? Is it still impactful and memorable without the score? Almost every media, including video games, plays, movies, and television shows, features a soundtrack. Their emotional scores define films such as 1997’s “Titanic,” which would not be the same without Céline Dion’s performance of “My Heart Will Go On.” “They [movie scores] help set the scene and the mood for what is going on in the scene or emphasize or add background music to dialogue. It is a versatile element found in all movies. In horror movies, it helps build up suspense and can be used to subconsciously make people feel anticipatory,” said Christina Burchett (’22). In the silent film era, a live pianist or organist would perform the score after familiarizing themself with the film. Scores were sometimes improvised, used from pre-written music, or composed specifically for the film. A 1922 survey of movie theatres by Motion Picture News revealed that 46% used theater organ, 25% used piano only, and 29% had an orchestra. L’assassinat du Duc de Guise,” made in 1903, was the first film to be written with a score by the famous French composer Camille Saint-Saëns. In 1924, Erik Satie synchronized his music to movie frames for a silent production called “Entr’acte.” This was the first time composers used this method of syncing music, and this process has evolved with the help of modern technology. In the film industry today, development scores are much more sophisticated. After filming is completed and editing is in progress, the composer and director watch the film together — pausing to discuss music selections based on their desired intention. The score, a compilation of the musical selections, is written for, about, half of the film’s length. The music is performed and recorded by musicians. Finally, composers assist in editing and mixing the final score. Composers commonly rely on assistance from others to complete their works and may hire small teams. The composer’s assistant helps the studio run efficiently. Copyists proofread scores and prepare the music for recording sessions. Orchestrators receive a MIDI score and a synthesizer recording of how the music should sound. Developed in the 80s, Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI) is a protocol that allows computers and musical hardware to communicate. Orchestrators use these resources to determine how to communicate the composer’s musical intent; they usually participate in recording sessions. Music editors are editors, project managers, and musicians who guide the music towards completion. Music supervisors select pre-existing music and evaluate how it would improve a selected scene. Oscar-winner John Williams is one of the most well-known composers for his work on the Star Wars and Indiana Jones franchises and over a hundred more film scores. Hans Zimmer is famously known for “Interstellar,” “The Lion King,” and his collaboration on the Pirates of the Caribbean movies. With music made by Michael Giacchino, the Pixar film “Up” won an Academy Award for Best Original Score, the first Pixar film to win. “Married Life,” the movie’s emotional opening theme, won a Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Composition. Isabella Runao (’21) said, “The scores create the mood for films and can often reveal what characters feel internally with certain chords, crescendos, and decrescendos. One of my favorite scores is from ‘Up.’ The music reveals the pain that the main character feels in such a beautiful way.” Scores are often undervalued and underappreciated since they usually do not include vocals. But without them, the scenes can feel dull and lifeless. Scores set the tone through themes and create unforgettable moments by invoking emotions such as excitement or feelings of nostalgia. While watching a movie, focus on the music and how it affects the scene. Paying close attention to repeated motifs can help identify the major themes of the film. Think about how the music’s intent and mood fuel your emotional reaction. Scores do not stop when the movie or show ends; you can find soundtracks on YouTube, Spotify, Apple Music, and most music streaming service platforms. If you find yourself distracted by wanting to dance and sing to your playlist while studying or doing homework, try listening to the score from your favorite movie. Scores can be a source of motivation or a distraction; you can listen while exercising, reading a book, cleaning, sewing, or during any task. So next time you want to listen to comforting music, try immersing yourself in the escapism of scores. “People need to try and pinpoint what they feel when they listen to a certain piece of music. That is often the feeling the composer wanted to evoke from the listener. When people do that, they can start understanding the story the composer wanted to tell in his/her music and then have a greater appreciation for the piece and artist,” said Ruano. Achona • Copyright 2021 • FLEX WordPress Theme by SNOLog in
What Is The Largest Ethnic Group In Guyana? Where did black Guyanese come from? Afro-Guyanese people are generally descended from the enslaved people brought to Guyana from the coast of West Africa to work on sugar plantations during the era of the Trans Atlantic Slave Trade. What are the 4 human races? How do you determine your ethnicity? People tend to inherit groups of SNPs together, called a haplotype. When Ancestry analyzes your DNA, they’re dividing it up into smaller chunks and assigning each chunk an “ethnicity” by comparing the haplotype to those of people in the company’s reference panel groups. Is American a nationality or ethnicity? What is the largest ethnic group in the world? What ethnicity are Guyanese considered? What are the 3 human races? What is the religion of Guyana? Christianity is the dominant religion in Guyana. According to the 2012 census, approximately 63 percent of the population is Christian. The major groupings compose: Pentecostal, 22.8% of the national population, increasing from 17% in 2002. Are Guyanese considered Latino? What is the oldest ethnic group? What race is Capoid? Capoid race is a grouping formerly used for the Khoikhoi and San peoples in the context of a now-outdated model of dividing humanity into different races. The term was introduced by Carleton S. Coon in 1962 and named for the Cape of Good Hope. What is difference between race and ethnicity? What are the 6 ethnic groups in Guyana? What are the 6 ethnic groups? What are the 5 races of humans?
Need help? We are here Follow-Up Post (Response) Instructions Respond to at least one peer or the instructor. Further the dialogue by providing more information and clarification. Please write a minimum of five complete sentences for your one peer posting. You should also consider referencing some information from the course textbook, lecture lessons, or a scholarly source to help support your written response post. Remember, you need a minimum of five complete sentences and a reference from the course textbook or lecture lesson is fine. Hello class. This discussion focuses on multiculturalism. Multiculturalism consists of customary behaviors. It represents diverse cultures as well as how societies believe and think. For instance, Western culture holds more of an individualist view of society. Individualism often overlooks the value of group based identities or cultural ties that exists within a community (Goo, 2018). Likewise, multiculturalism is used as a method to examine various cultural views whether it is racial or religious. “Even policies that go well beyond an individual-centered approach—such as Germany’s funding of Islamic faculties at some state universities or France’s state subsidies for mosque construction—are not really multiculturalism but merely a “prolongation of long-established ways of dealing with religious diversity” (Ryan, 2019, p. 155). Additionally, multiculturalism consists of various communication formats among various cultural groups. Wu (2019) stated that language plays a role in preserving a society. For instance, if Mandarin Chinese is the preferred language of a particular cultural group such as in Taiwan and someone speaks Taiwanese Hokkien, they can be punished based on local custom. According to Wu (2019), this was a reason for the discouraged use of vernaculars. Thus, understanding context is highly valued within this culture. Preserving tradition is important for some cultural groups (Wu, 2019). For example, in some cultures, men are viewed as strong or heroic. On the other hand, women are viewed as passive or in need of a husband or savior. This can be viewed in many traditional Western stories where the male character, often characterized as superman, batman, or a prince, saves a female who is in trouble (Goo, 2018). Different countries hold different views of multiculturalism. For instance, Taiwan takes great delight in its status as a multicultural society (Wu, 2019). In Western culture; however, there is still fear of diversity (Goo, 2018). In America, individualism is considered the more acceptable norm (Lois, 1999). Individualism focuses on standing out. It focuses on personal success or fulfillment. Likewise, individualism focuses on a person’s self direction or interest (Carola, 2019). According to Rachels and Rachels (2019), “To call a custom “correct” or “incorrect” would imply that we can judge it by some independent or objective standard of right and wrong” (p. 16). In brief, multiculturalism is used to protect certain groups of people (Ryan, 2019). As Moore (2007) noted narrow minded views and bias result from stereotypes and prejudice. Intolerance also creates conflict. Thus, communities should work to reduce conflict. At the same time, communities should see multiculturalism as a bridge to understanding similarities and differences that exists among them (Walker & Staton, 2000). At best, this can include inclusivity or respect for understanding commonalities and differences. Attached is a video with more information related to multiculturalism (Grey Matters, 2016). Australia: The Lucky Country – Multiculturalism and Immigration Carola, C. B. (2019). Redistribution and the Individualism–Collectivism dimension of culture. Social Indicators Research, 142(3), 1175-1192. Goo, Y. (2018). Multicultural literature education: A story of failure? 55(4), 323–328. Grey Matters. (2016, July 15). Australia: The lucky country-Multiculturalism and immigration. [Video]. YouTube. Lois, J. (1999). Socialization to heroism: Individualism and collectivism in a voluntary search and rescue group. Social Psychology Quarterly, 62(2), 117-135. Moore, A. L. (2007). Guess whos coming to dinner: The importance of multiculturalism in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina. Multicultural Education, 15(2), 24-30. Rachels, J., & Rachels, S. (2019). The elements of moral philosophy. [VitalSource Bookshelf]. Retrieved from Ryan, P. (2019). The paradox of hegemony and the “Multiculturalism of the Individual.” Canadian Ethnic Studies, 51(2), 153–167. Walker, R., & Staton, M. (2000). Multiculturalism in social work ethics. Journal of Social Work Education, 36(3), 449. Wu, J. (2019). The politics of imagining Formosa: Contesting multiculturalism, tradition, and historical memory in ten years Taiwan. China Perspectives, 3, 47–54. Hello Jane. I enjoyed reading the comments that you shared in your initial post as it relates to female circumcision. Valid points were shared related to the world view you held. For example, I appreciated reading information that you wrote related to subjective moral relativist. Also, you shared good information related to the steps that you would take as to whether you can assist the surgeon. Allow me to share some additional insight as it relates to female circumcision as well as my thoughts related to cultural relativism. It is true that equality exists when examining cultures and societies based on a cultural relativist perspective. According to Rachels and Rachels (2019), “Different cultures have different moral codes” (p. 14). As a nurse, my Hippocratic Oath is to do no harm (El-Gibaly et al., 2019). Since female genital mutilation (FGM) is illegal in a country like the United Kingdom (Bourne, 2018), my cultural beliefs would be in opposition to assisting the surgeon. This is where our views differed. sources do not include assigned required readings. Connect with a professional writer in 5 simple steps Please provide as many details about your writing struggle as possible Academic level of your paper Type of Paper When is it due? How many pages is this assigment?
Who Was Sephora In The Bible? What does Zipporah mean? The name Zipporah means Bird and is of Hebrew origin. In the Bible, Zipporah is the wife of Moses.. Who is the son of Moses? What does the name Gershom mean in Hebrew? According to the Bible, Gershom (גֵּרְשֹׁם‎ Gēršōm, “a sojourner there”; Latin: Gersam) was the firstborn son of Moses and Zipporah. … The name means “a stranger there” in Hebrew, ( גר שם‎ ger sham), which the text argues was a reference to Moses’ flight from Egypt. What did Zipporah do in the Bible? Zipporah, somehow sensing that God is angry that their son isn’t circumcised, immediately grabs a stone and cuts her son’s foreskin. Cutting away the foreskin from the penis is a sign of identification among Hebrews, according to God’s covenant with Abraham. Why did Moses marry a cushite? God’s motive for commanding Moses to marry a Cushite wife who, as explained above, was bound to be unfaithful to him parallels His motive for commanding Hosea to marry a lewd woman who would be unfaithful to him. What was the first plague that God sent to Egypt? Egyptian Plague- Water Turned to Blood The first plague that was given to the Egyptians from God was that of turning the water to blood. As Aaron, the spokesman for Moses, touched the “rod” of the Lord to the Nile River it immediately turned to blood, all the fish died, and the river stank. How long was Moses in the desert after killing the Egyptian? 40 yearsAfter 40 years of wandering in the desert, Moses died within sight of the Promised Land on Mount Nebo. What is the meaning of the name Jethro? Jethro is a male given name meaning “overflow”. It is derived from the Hebrew word Yithrô. Where did Moses cross the Red Sea? Where did the Ishmaelites come from? According to the Book of Genesis, Ishmaelites (Hebrew: Bnei Yishma’el Arabic: Bani Isma’il, ) are the descendants of Ishmael, the elder son of Abraham and the descendants of the twelve sons and princes of Ishmael. Throughout history, the Ishmaelites have been associated with Arabs (more specifically, North Arabians). Where is Midian today? Midianite, in the Hebrew Bible (Old Testament), member of a group of nomadic tribes related to the Israelites and most likely living east of the Gulf of Aqaba in the northwestern regions of the Arabian Desert. What color was Moses wife in the Bible? blueZipporah is in blue. Zipporah or Tzipora (/ˈzɪpərə, zɪˈpɔːrə/; Hebrew: צִפֹּרָה‎, Tsippōrāh, “bird”) is mentioned in the Book of Exodus as the wife of Moses, and the daughter of Reuel/Jethro, the priest and prince of Midian. Who is the mother of Moses? Pharaoh’s daughterJochebedMotherMoses/Mothers What ethnicity was Moses? How old was Moses at the burning bush? about 25Most likely Moses was about 25 when he took the inspection tour among his people. There he saw the oppressive measures under which they laboured.
Henneguya salminicola 1 min read News:Recently,Scientists have discovered an animal Henneguya Salminicola which does not need oxygen to produce the energy needed for its survival. • Henneguya salminicola is a parasite that lives in the Salmon muscle cells of fish. • It relies on anaerobic respiration through which cells extract energy without using oxygen. • It also does not not have a mitochondrial genome.Mitochondria is the powerhouse of the cell where oxygen is captured to make energy so its absence indicates that the animal was not breathing oxygen. Significance of the discovery: • The discovery changes one of science’s assumptions about the animal world that all animals use aerobic respiration and therefore,oxygen.
The human gene encodes the mitochondrial replicative DNA helicase Twinkle, mutations The human gene encodes the mitochondrial replicative DNA helicase Twinkle, mutations of which are responsible for a significant fraction of cases of autosomal dominant progressive external ophthalmoplegia (adPEO), a human mitochondrial disease caused by defects in intergenomic communication. encoding the factors essential for mtDNA replication results in both loss of mtDNA integrity via base substitution mutations, duplications and deletions, and in mtDNA depletion [3]. Autosomal dominant progressive external ophthalmoplegia is a human mitochondrial disease associated with the presence Galeterone of multiple deletions in the mtDNA [3], [4]. The disease has an adult-onset at 20C40 years of age. Its symptoms include muscle weakness, wasting, exercise intolerance, ataxia, hearing loss, cardiomyopathy and peripheral neuropathy [3]. Most adPEO families carry heterozygous mutations in one of three genes: (adenine nucleotide translocator 1), (mitochondrial DNA polymerase), or (mtDNA helicase) [3], [5], [6], [7]. Whereas the nuclear DNA replication machinery is very complex, the number of factors needed to replicate the mitochondrial DNA is comparatively small [8], [9], [10]. The human gene encodes the essential mitochondrial replicative DNA helicase, Twinkle. Twinkle shares high homology with the bacteriophage T7 gene 4 protein (T7 gp4), which contains both helicase and primase catalytic activities located in its carboxyl- and amino-terminal halves, respectively [6]. The amino acid sequence of the T7 gp4 helicase domain is well conserved in Twinkle, but varies substantially in the primase domain. Twinkle co-localizes with mtDNA structures designated as mitochondrial nucleoids [6], and it has been Galeterone shown to modulate mtDNA copy number mutations are mainly associated with adPEO, but have recently been linked to SANDO [14] and Infantile-Onset Spinocerebellar Ataxia (IOSCA) [15]. Surprisingly, neither mtDNA deletions nor point mutations have been found, suggesting that IOSCA mutations in affect mtDNA stability in a physiological and tissue specific manner. Recently, a novel protein with nuclease/helicase activity localized within the mitochondria has been described and designated as DNA2. In humans, hDNA2 forms a complex with the mitochondrial DNA polymerase to stimulate its DNA polymerase activity. Although little is known about this protein, it appears to play a role in processing mtDNA intermediates during replication and repair [16]. However, only a single mtDNA helicase (remains controversial [18], [19], [20]. However, one study indicates a significant role for mitochondria in programmed cell death in the fly, where upon apoptosis, the Reaper and HID proteins cause mitochondrial fragmentation and release of cytochrome in both cultured S2 cells and in the developing fly embryo [21]. It is known that factors involved in mitochondrial dynamics play a key role in the segregation of dysfunctional mitochondria [22], and deregulation of these pathways could trigger mitochondrially-mediated apoptosis. In this study, we overexpressed various adPEO mutations of in to characterize their effects in a tractable animal model, and to analyze the role of dysfunctional mitochondria in apoptosis. Our data show that overexpression of adPEO mutations in the fly causes a severe depletion of mtDNA and as a consequence, an increase in programed cell death. Taken together, our previous [23], [24] and present results give evidence of the crucial role of mitochondria in apoptosis in genome encodes a highly conserved orthologue in the CG5924 gene, with the two proteins sharing 54.6% identity and 73% similarity (as evaluated by Mobyle Pasteur MATCHER). Most of the amino acid residues mutated in adPEO patients are conserved in the protein [24], raising the possibility to establish as a tractable animal model Tlr2 to study them. With this aim, we used the inducible UAS-GAL4 system to express variants containing human adPEO mutations. UAS lines with four versions of the gene were generated: the Galeterone wild type (wt) version was used as a control, and three versions containing the Walker A [27] K388A active site mutation, analogous to K318 in the helicase domain of T7 gp4, and the W441C and A442P mutations, which are analogous to the W474C and A475P mutations found in adPEO patients [6]. These. Leave a Reply
Living with crohns disease or ulcerative Shortly thereafter, he was diagnosed with ulcerative colitis. Gastroduodenal Crohn's disease causes inflammation in the stomach and first part of the small intestine, called the duodenum. Why FOOD Should be Your Weapon to Fight Crohns Try pairing skinless potatoes with salmon to make a good meal. It is NOT designed to diagnose nor treat but to offer understanding, ideas and options for you to discuss with your doctor first. If you smoke, it's important to stop. Insoluble fiber, on the other hand, can actually irritate the intestine. When your immune system tries to fight off the invading microorganism, an abnormal immune response causes the immune system to attack the cells in the digestive tract, too. Crohn's Disease One organization that can assist patients and caregivers is Lotsa Helping Hands. Every time you ask a question that I answer; thousands of readers benefit from that information. We encourage you to Connect with our IBD Community where you can meet people just like you, share your stories, join discussions, find answers to your questions, and discover new ideas and resources to improve your quality of life. If that relative is a sibling brother or sisterthe risk is 30 times greater. One of the best ways to begin understanding how your diet affects your condition is to start keeping a Food Diary. Next, find nutrient-rich foods that you can digest easily. Drink small amounts of water. You are also here to help. Penetrating disease creates abnormal passageways fistulae between the bowel and other structures, such as the skin. Masterfile A diagnosis of Crohn's disease may require certain changes to your diet, because some foods can worsen symptoms of the disease. For example, instead of opting for strawberries, choose smooth, fleshy fruits like papaya and bananas. Fish oil is a good source of EPA. The following dietary strategies may help ease symptoms of Crohn's disease, especially during flares: Hot and spicy foods contain chemicals that can irritate your digestive system and worsen symptoms. You can also find Jake on FacebookTwitterand Instagram. Anemia of chronic disease results in a normocytic anemia. And there was no answer that would satisfy me. It is often accompanied by diarrhea, which may or may not be bloody. Certain Crohn's disease drugs that act by blocking functions of the immune system are associated with a small risk of developing cancers such as lymphoma and skin cancers. Cut the fruit lengthwise and twist the two halves apart. Just go to Contact Us page and leave your information and describe the problem. Relevance in the understanding of disease mechanisms and clinical practice. Keep them in the loop on how you feel and what you eat. A biopsy taken during the colonoscopy may help confirm the diagnosis. Smoking also leads to more-severe disease and a greater risk of having surgery. Stem cell therapy was found to be potentially effective and a possible alternative treatment for patients with refractory active Crohn’s disease, according to a meta–analysis review study. Crohn’s disease symptoms. The signs of Crohn’s disease can overlap with those of other conditions, including not only ulcerative colitis, but other GI disorders like stomach ulcers. Together, we can be an even more powerful voice for people living with Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis. Since you have ulcerative colitis (UC), it's worth your while to pay attention to what you eat. Foods don't cause the disease, but some can set off your flares. Many people are confused when it comes to the differences between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn’s disease, and ulcerative colitis (UC). The short explanation is that IBD is the. Crohn's disease (sometimes called Crohn disease) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the primarily causes ulcerations (breaks in the mucosal lining) of the small and large intestines, but can affect the digestive system anywhere from the mouth to the anus. It is named after the physician who described the disease in Living with crohns disease or ulcerative Rated 5/5 based on 69 review Inflammatory bowel disease - Wikipedia
Mary Mallory / Hollywood Heights: ‘Take Your Girlie to the Movies’ Promotes Film and Romance “Take Your Girlie to the Movies,” as recorded by Billy Murray, 1919. Popular songs often speak to issues of the period in which they are written, providing commentary on political, social, and cultural issues. Most of the songs in the early twentieth century focused on themes in the zeitgeist: the Great War (World War I), Hawaii, Egypt, communication, transportation, entertainment, and even suffrage. Some combined these topics, often in humorous ways. In the summer of 1919, people had much to celebrate. The Great War had finally ended on November 11, 1918 and the world was slowly adjusting to a hard fought peace. After more than a year, the Great Influenza Epidemic had run its course after killing more people worldwide than all those lost in battle over the previous four years. On June 4, 1919, the United States Senate passed the Suffrage Act, better known as the Anthony Amendment following the House of Representatives’ action a few weeks earlier. The Amendment passed on to state legislatures, finally ratified a year later. “Hollywood Celebrates the Holidays” by Karie Bible and Mary Mallory is now available at Amazon and at local bookstores. Movies saw huge crowds return to theaters after many were shut down during the Flu Epidemic. Many people finally felt free and relaxed enough to laugh after struggling through years of war and health scares. At the same time, vast numbers of couples saw moving picture theatres as a popular courting site, free of family and friend interference. Before the War, courtship was strictly managed by families. Men called at a girl’s home to spend an evening visiting her, while her family remained to chaperone activities. Until just a few years before, even social events outside the home featured supervision to ensure girls remained chaste and pure. Possibly walking to or from an event might be the only time a young couple could steal a few quiet moments alone to enjoy a quick kiss or embrace. With more young women gaining independence after the war, attending movies often became a way to enjoy a little physical romance of the petting persuasion. Composers Edgar Leslie and Bert Kalmar combined romance and movies in their hit comedic song, “Take Your Girlie to the Movies” in the summer of 1919. Leslie, a writer-for-hire, worked with many other musicians to create songs such as “For Me and My Gal” and “California and You.” Vaudevillian Bert Kalmar drifted into composing in 1911 to help write songs for his comedic act, long before he began his long, fruitful association with Harry Ruby. Popular illustrator Albert Barbelle designed a catchy and ironic sheet music cover, showing two romantic couples eying a loving pair onscreen at a local movie palace. While the onscreen Romeo puckered up for a kiss, the two sheiks in the audience tightly embraced their red hot mamas in preparation for a little loving. The humorous lyrics play up the film theatre’s darkness as the perfect petting opportunity. Take your girlie to the movies, If you can’t make love at home; There’s no little brother there who always squeals; You can say an awful lot in seven reels; Take your lessons at the movies, And have love scenes of your own, When the picture’s over and it’s time to leave, Don’t forget to brush the powder off your sleeve; Take your girlie to the movies, If you can’t make love at home. Petting, Nov. 5, 1925 Nov. 5, 1925, Petting The problem of “petting,” as explored in the New Castle News of New Castle, Pa., Nov. 5, 1925. To help set the mood, Leslie and Kalmar introduce popular cultural elements throughout the piece that play up movies as well as newspapers. Their patter begins with the name of Beatrice Fairfax, one of the first advice columnists of her day, a hook employed by the Wharton Brothers in 1916 in their episodic moving picture serial entitled “Beatrice Fairfax.” Near the end, they mention attractive young actress Billie Burke, who we now know as the Glenda the Good Witch in “the Wizard of Oz.” They also feel free to joke about the flu, writing the line “Don’t catch influenza kissing in the park.” “Take Your Girlie to the Movies” quickly caught on with the American public rising to the top of the charts, both in sheet music and in records, through September. Columbia Records’ advertisements in a wide variety of newspapers note its availability at music stores and department stores, with promotions running through the fall of 1920. Vaudeville performers quickly began performing it, liking its catchy lyrics and melody. Edna Goodrich and Harry Watson Jr. performed it in a revue at the Palace Theatre June 19, 1919 in a section called “Topics of the Day.” The act consisted of a few popular songs followed by a film monologue and then the song, “Take Your Girlie to the Movies.” The Avon Comedy Four employed it as part of their act in 1920 as part of a skit called “At the Movies.” Muriel Hudson and Wilson & Larson performed the song as well. The New York Evening World quoted the title in a November 27, 1920 story about the housing shortage, describing families and others cooped up in residences and boarding houses, thanks to more working girls heading off on their own. Because of this, the most private place for a makeup session was often a dark motion picture theatre. In 1922, Syracuse, New York banned the song when the Syracuse Theatrical Management Association “decreed local picture houses as a lovers’ retreat is taboo and forbidden.” Exhibitors issued instructions to managers and ushers “to put the lid on mush.” Some suggested creating signs or making announcements before screenings about not practicing what you see on screen simultaneously. “Take Your Girlie to the Movies,” recorded by Tennessee Ernie Ford, listed on EBay as Buy It Now for $12.49. The November 5, 1925 Newcastle News mentioned the song in a ironic take on petting and romance among young couples, noting how film theaters were sometimes the only place where a couple could find a little privacy for romance, describing how standards were loosening and changing. “The youth of today are an experimental lot. They are eager to discover the things they should have been told. Petting parties are experiments, delving deeper and deeper into the realms of the senses until caution hangs out the danger sign.” Over the years, more problems with couples petting and making out arose, with the December 4, 1937 Showman’s Trade Review reporting a problem of necking in film theatres, something many surrounding patrons found annoying. They suggested ushers inform their managers, who would then approach the offending couples to suggest they dial down their actions. Some people quickly realized the great publicity bent of the song in attracting audiences to the movies. Hyman Potts in a February 7, 1926 letter to Variety called it “a singing commercial for the movies,” noting how many radio stations were employing it in catching jingles promoting moviegoing. Variety reported in a December 2, 1930 story that Detroit’s Fisher Theatre created a pre-show ad featuring performing Lou Kosloff describing bringing a girl to the movies by singing the song, followed by large production number featuring a chorus performing to the song. Kay Kyser’s band recorded “Take Your Girlie to the Movies” in 1935 in what Variety called “his ultra-modern jazz style,” leading several theatres to use a short clip in radio ads promoting their upcoming shows. In the 1940s, some claimed the song had stimulated more business than any song ever written. While a few more groups recorded “Take Your Girlie to the Movies” in the 1940s and 1950s, the song was virtually forgotten by the 1960s. A piece of nostalgia for some, the tune happily joins movies and romance, something that carries on to this day. About lmharnisch I am retired from the Los Angeles Times This entry was posted in 1919, Film, Hollywood, Hollywood Heights, Mary Mallory, Music and tagged , , , , , . Bookmark the permalink. 1 Response to Mary Mallory / Hollywood Heights: ‘Take Your Girlie to the Movies’ Promotes Film and Romance 1. Cary Moore says: Ten or so years ago when I lived in L.A. I saw the inimitable Ian Whitcom perform this song, self-accompanied on the ukulele. He is a font of revived early twentieth century music. You are commenting using your account. Log Out / Change ) Google photo Twitter picture Facebook photo Connecting to %s
About Autonomous Vehicles [A Complete Guide] About Autonomous Vehicles [A Complete Guide] A self-driving car, also known as an autonomous car is driver-less or robo-cars. They are fully automated and need little or no human input. It has the ability to sense environmental changes and drive accordingly. There is a combination of radars and GPS systems that help in its overall sensory information. Through this, it identifies appropriate navigation paths, obstacles, and relevant signage. The word autonomous was given preference when defining self-driving cars since it is currently already in widespread use. Even though, automated is a better word since it not only connotes the perfect definition of these cars, it’s also user friendly. Autonomous connotes acting alone but self-driving cars currently do not have that feature in use since they need a human to for selecting routes and destinations. There are currently 5 levels for autonomous cars There are numerous autonomous vehicle organizations, but some stand out more than others, due to their ongoing work and based on consolidated empirical data: 1. WAYMO vehicles. This is measured by the number of kilometres driven (32 million in the real world and more than 16 billion in simulation) and the advancement and sophistication in its technology. WAYMO is enabled to not only detect Lidar and other frequencies but also has microphones to detect sirens from emergency vehicles and help in autonomous functionality. More than that, prototype testing of driverless SAE Autonomy Level 5 vehicles is also taking place currently. General Motors’ Cruise has the world’s second-largest producer of autonomous vehicles. Some of their vehicles look like standard Chevrolet Bolt hatchbacks, but don’t let them fool you; they’re perfectly designed and customized for robot driving. General motors 11-year history has given them the edge in making their name in the world of autonomous vehicles. Even though more modern companies like Apple, are now in this field, they have little or no experience in the world of artificial intelligence. 3. ARGO AI Ford Motor Company’s Argo AI startup has invested billions and is currently testing hundreds of vehicles in different states of USA. The business has also attracted a $2.6 billion investment from the world’s largest automaker, Volkswagen. Unlike any other company, Ford and VV want Argo AI to make fleet-based vehicles for others, vehicles such as delivery trucks and more. 4. TESLA Even though we expect Tesla to be #1 in the autonomous vehicles manufacturing, as time rapidly marches on, however, it appears this boast may well be another in a long line of unkept promises from Musk. The company currently has more than 600,000 Tesla production vehicles on global roads. It has collectively driven more than 3.2 billion kilometres (2 billion miles). However, Musk has promised fully autonomous (SAE Level 5) Tesla on the road by the end of 2020 5. BAIDU Baidu is a company from china, although it branched out from a search engine, pretty much like Google’s WAYMO, it has quickly climbed up the ladder of autonomous vehicles. Baidu currently has more than 300 autonomous test vehicles on Chinese roads having driven more than 3 million kilometres (1.8 million miles) in 23 cities. Challenges autonomous cars will have to face Signals and Frequencies What happens when in the next 20 years or so, masses of autonomous cars roam the streets? Will their frequencies and lidar signals overlap and incidents may take place? Even though this might be a serious problem, the range-dependent overlap between the laser beam and the receiver field of view of lidar can be determined experimentally and we are certain that a way forward will be paved. Laws and Regulations What will happen when cars will have to cross state borders? Will the rules be different? How will they be evaluated? How will it be known if some car is programmed for malicious activities? Currently, laws have already been established for autonomous vehicles (see our section of laws and regulations) in various states of the United States of America, most of Europe and some of Asia. We are certain once this technology hits the road, most governments will draft laws in accordance. What will happen if a car runs over someone like in the first Tesla trial? Who will be held responsible? Will it be the manufacturer who was supposed to program the car for such instances or will it be the passenger who couldn’t help since he had no steering wheel in hand? Even though it is true that the manufacturer will be put through an emotional burden, we expect technology to be advanced enough for incidents like these to have almost no scope. Artificial and Emotional Intelligence Until now we have had a pat on the backs with how advanced and effective Artificial Intelligence has been. But can it replace emotional intelligence? What about the instances when a driver looks over to the other and subtle cues or head nods determine what he’s going to do next, will a robot car be able to compete with that? We are hoping that once roads are filled with autonomous cars, emotional intelligence won’t be needed for driving. However, it is true that the transition of drivers handing their power over to robots will be rough but needed. Impact on society A pat on the back to companies who are focusing their effort on producing autonomous trucks. These heavy vehicles need to be reliable and what better way than to make them completely devoid of human errors. It is said by driving experts that through this, human errors, drunk driving and other forms of distracted or aggressive driving could be significantly reduced. If 90% of cars in the US became automated, it is estimated to save 25000 lives. Automated cars could not only help in reducing labour costs but also relive passengers from navigating. This could replace all those hours driving with something a lot more constructive or maybe even some leisure time. It would also alleviate the stress of driving home from work, prevent occupants from being distracted or tired during driving and prevent tons of accidents. This could also enable the young, elderly and disabled people to be more independent in terms of mobility. No steering wheel would mean a lot more flexibility, luxury and of course, ease, especially in motorhome vehicles. Additional advantages could include higher speed limits;smoother rides; and increased roadway capacity; and minimized traffic congestion, due to decreased need for safety gaps and higher speeds. A study conducted found that drivers do not trust automated-parking technology even though it is estimated that 81% drivers hit the curb when self-parking. Automated vehicles would not only save a lot of parking space but also the time and effort in self-parking. This as well as the potentially estimated reduced need for road space because of automated vehicles, this could free up large amounts of land which can then be recreated into parks and benefit healthier lifestyles. However, autonomous cars are not only luxurious and have a dashing interior; their initial price is really cheap, making them relatively affordable in the first place. They are enabled to absorb shock and prevent injury to humans. They have no steering wheel, making the car a lot more spacious. Despite the fact autonomous cars aren’t yet customized for sports, they are able to race like a pro! The claimed to be the world fastest petrol vehicle, Bugatti Chiron can go from 0mph to 60mph in just about 2.3s. Tesla model Sp100D comes somewhere close to that figure as well. Three practices were highlighted: vehicle automation, vehicle electrification and carpooling. It was estimated that if these three practices were adopted correctly, they would unleash the unbelieving potential of the autonomous world. They would not only reduce traffic congestion by 30% but improve pedestrian walkability and lifestyle. As mentioned above, free up a lot of space for better uses and moreover, reduce urban CO2 emissions by 80% worldwide! Human factors and moral issues One of the many factors as to why autonomous cars haven’t still been launched is the difficulty to sense unpredicted shifts in the environment, such as pedestrians or animals. Human drivers face the challenge of understanding intentions of other drivers with eye contact, drivers using AI (artificial intelligence, by which these cars are driven) may not have the same feasibility and such unpredictable circumstances may result in accidents. As automated vehicles step into this world, it is impossible for various ethical issues to not rise. These include; the moral responsibility, the decision an automated car will have to make seconds before a crash and the criminal responsibility for crashes and breaches of the law. A lot of data is to be provided to robots for them to function perfectly. In the case of automated vehicles, these might mean unconsented video footage and mass surveillance thus raising a lot of privacy issues. Robots taking over yet another job could mean the potential for massive job losses and unemployment among drivers that might include de-skilling and loss of independence by vehicle users. There might be a significant exposure to hacking and malware and since all this information will be in the hands of some vehicle producers, the chances are increased tenfold with the probable potential to destroy existing occupations and industries There also arises a question of how these robot vehicles are going to be programmed in an emergency situation. This puts in questions the moral reliability of the manufacturer or worker who is ultimately supposed to put in these action codes. This is perfectly described in an ethical experiment; the trolley problem. The conductor of the trolley has the choice of either running over five people if it stays on its designated track or derails and kill only one person. Regardless, this continues to be a moral dilemma and demands risk calculations such as how close is the car allowed to drive on a bike lane or the very millisecond when a car needs to stop at a traffic light. Ultimately, it is selfish to delay the production of automated cars since not only are they the future, they’re also predicted to save many lives and help the overall lifestyle. Regulation and legalisation In the United States, most vehicle codes do not prohibit automated vehicles as of 2012. By 2016, seven states (Nevada, California, Florida, Michigan, Hawaii, Washington, and Tennessee), along with the District of Columbia, have passed laws in accordance with automated vehicles. However, the first fatal incident caused by the tesla autopilot drive has caused many governments to doubt this technology. 2019 approved the rules regarding automated vehicles. The rule allows all self-driving cars up to Level 5, which means full autonomy on all roads and under any conditions. However, this law is only to be followed after 2022. The South Korean government seemed hesitant in allowing automated vehicles to take the streets as seen in 2017. However, we are confident that once this technology hits the roads permanently, most governments will approve and bend their laws. The future of autonomous cars Self-driving cars work on Artificial Intelligence. 2010 was the greatest year for AI; we have seen it make big jumps in advancements which have led us to believe that 2020 might just be the year we see fully automated cars in. However, most of the work in terms of making this possible is in having lots of data; billions of video footage of various instances for the program to get the hang of driving and is actually able to interpret and take fully understood decisions. But collecting data might turn out to be very difficult. More data means the car will have lots of incidents to form a hypothesis and take a decision. However, some instances such as a car crash or snow on the road might cause some trouble since there won’t be a lot of footage for that particular incident; this might lead to crappy decisions taken by the car. Manufacturers have tried to get around this situation a lot. They have specifically simulated or engineered instances so that the car is able to store footage and take reasonable and reliable decisions. However, there is no denying that self-driving car maybe what we all need. Regardless of the contradicting views on it. There might just be an internet cold war by the conflicting views of major magazines such as The Forbes: “Full Self-Driving Cars Are Still A Long Way Off – Here’s Why” and The Guardian: “Self-driving cars could be allowed on UK motorways next year”. The Guardian is really anticipating autonomous cars to be the future. Not only specialized courses are being offered by the University of Toronto, but many people are also learning AI (Artificial Intelligence) just for these cars! Looks like we might just see flying cars in 2050! https://www.coursera.org/specializations/self-driving-cars mous-cars-five-reasons-they-still-arent-on-our-roads-143316 https://autovistagroup.com/news-and-insights/state-autonomous-legislationeurope#:~:text=The%20regulation%20of%20autonomous%2Ddriving,roads%20and%20under% 20any%20conditions. More about electric cars Morten Pradsgaard
Was the use of propaganda the Please check the "Contents" page for the latest additions! The site features a collection of war-themed postal cards produced during World War 1 - Was the use of propaganda the This propaganda was mainly intended to distort and discredit Communism as a political and economic ideology, and to paint the Soviets and the Soviet Union in an evil light. Much of this propaganda was directed by the Federal Bureau of Investigation under J. Edgar Hooverwho himself wrote the anti-communist tract Masters of Deceit. Bruce Franklin and the Venceremos organization. War on Drugs[ edit ] Further information: National Youth Anti-Drug Media Campaign The National Youth Anti-Drug Media Campaignoriginally established by the National Narcotics Leadership Act of[9] [10] but now conducted by the Office of National Drug Control Policy under the Drug-Free Media Campaign Act of[11] is a domestic propaganda campaign designed to "influence the attitudes of the public and the news media with respect to drug abuse" and for "reducing and preventing drug abuse among young people in the United States". Was the use of propaganda the Pentagon military analyst program In earlythe U. Department of Defense launched an information operationcolloquially referred to as the Pentagon military analyst program. The campaign was divided in phases; the first of which consisted of five mini-documentaries for television, radio, and print with shared values messages for key Muslim countries. The Ad Council continues to distribute announcements from the white house regarding all political information and debates. International[ edit ] Through several international broadcasting operations, the US disseminates American cultural information, official positions on international affairs, and daily summaries of international news. These operations fall under the International Broadcasting Bureauthe successor of the United States Information Agencyestablished in They broadcast mainly to countries where the United States finds that information about international events is limited, either due to poor infrastructure or government censorship. The Smith-Mundt Act prohibits the Voice of America from disseminating information to US citizens that were produced specifically for a foreign audience. During the Cold War, the United States ran covert propaganda campaigns in countries that appeared likely to become Soviet satellitessuch as ItalyAfghanistanand Chile [24]. According to the Church Committee report, US agencies ran a "massive propaganda campaign" on Chile, where over news items placed in American and European media resulted from CIA activities in a six-weeks period alone. These "inaccuracies" have been blamed on the enemy trying to decrease support for the war. Donald Rumsfeld has been quoted as saying these stories are something that keeps him up at night. Or, in the words of Army Col. Treadwell, who commanded the U. There's always going to be a certain amount of bleed-over with the global information environment. The Pentagon acknowledged in a newly declassified document that the US public is increasingly exposed to propaganda disseminated overseas in psychological operations.Nazi propaganda was likewise essential to motivating those who implemented the mass murder of the European Jews and of other victims of the Nazi regime. Propaganda and related concepts Its negative connotations today are primarily due to its association with Nazism. Propaganda \| leslutinsduphoenix.com Psywar Center to inspect the leaflets and goodies which each side was lobbing across the strait in a mighty psychological battle between the Communists and the Nationalist Chinese. Propaganda - Wikipedia Propaganda and related concepts Connotations of the term propaganda The word propaganda itself, as used in recent centuries, apparently derives from the title and work of the Congregatio de Propaganda Fide Congregation for Propagation of the Faithan organization of Roman Catholic cardinals founded in to carry on missionary work. Recommended For Your Pleasure Some are ambiguous or misleading; others presuppose a viewpoint that we disagree with, and we hope you disagree with it too. It also served to secure the acquiescence of millions of others—as bystanders —to racially targeted persecution and mass murder. The fact that wars give rise to intensive propaganda campaigns has made many persons suppose that propaganda is something new and modern. The word itself came into common use in this country as late as , when World War I began. Propaganda is the more or less systematic effort to manipulate other people’s beliefs, attitudes, or actions by means of symbols (words, gestures, banners, monuments, music, clothing, insignia, hairstyles, designs on coins and postage stamps, and so forth). Deliberateness and a relatively heavy emphasis on manipulation distinguish propaganda from casual conversation or the free and easy. NATIONALIST AND COMMUNIST CHINESE PROPAGANDA LEAFLETS. SGM Herbert A. Friedman (Ret.) Note: In , there was an exhibition on the propaganda leaflets launched from, and received by, Quemoy Island during the “hot phase” of the Cold War. Related terms A few of the boxes have woodblock-printed labels. The one above reads "Guang Hua Store, specialized in making fashionable glass, opium utensils, and other things; the store is located in the capital of Guangdong, Xiajiupu district. Age of Propaganda: The Everyday Use and Abuse of Persuasion [Anthony Pratkanis, Elliot Aronson] on leslutinsduphoenix.com FREE shipping on qualifying offers. Persuasion has always been . Propaganda Postcards of the Great War (World War 1)
Facebook was just hit with 2 big antitrust lawsuits. Here's what 'antitrust' means and how 'trust-busting' laws attempt to keep the biggest firms in US history from growing too powerful. Katie Canales ·9 min read antitrust laws An 1889 political cartoon. Nawrocki/ClassicStock/Getty Images • Antitrust laws were created to keep the big conglomerates, or trusts, that were forming across oil, railroad, steel, and other sectors in the late 1800s and early 1900s from growing too large and powerful. • Now, regulators are coming after 21st-century big tech — the Federal Trade Commission and a group of 48 attorneys general filed two separate antitrust lawsuits against Facebook on Wednesday. • The lawsuits could lead to Facebook spinning off Instagram and WhatsApp, two companies that critics say Facebook neutralized as competitors when the social media giant acquired them. • Facebook as well as Apple, Amazon, and Google have been under heavy scrutiny this year with a congressional investigation into online market competition. • The investigation could eventually lead to more specific legislation designed to keep tech companies from growing too big and mighty — just like how three original antitrust laws began reining in oil and railroad companies over 100 years ago. • Visit Business Insider's homepage for more stories. The CEOs of Apple, Amazon, Google, and Facebook were grilled in front of Congress on July 29 over whether they violate antitrust regulations. Lawmakers have been zeroing in on these companies heavily this year - in October, the Department of Justice filed an antitrust case against Google, accusing the company of having an unfair advantage in the search and ad market. And on Wednesday, the Federal Trade Commission and 48 attorneys general filed two separate antitrust lawsuits against Facebook for "illegal monopolization," accusing the company of leveraging anticompetitive business practices to dominate the market. The law term "antitrust" has a long history in the United States, and the July hearing was part of a probe into online market competition. The House published a report of its findings in October, in which it declared that the companies have indeed "become the kinds of monopolies we last saw in the era of oil barons and railroad tycoons." Lawmakers will now attempt to determine if antitrust regulations can be applied to four large tech companies that dominate the industry. But let's back up a bit: What does "antitrust" mean? Around the turn of the 20th century, "trust" was used as a term to describe a new type of large corporation, as American business titans in the steel, oil, railroad, and banking industries began to form larger conglomerates. For example, the railroad sector needed corralling as hundreds of smaller railroad operators were acquired and clumped together into mega-companies. Another example was Standard Oil, a major oil monopoly, or trust, run by John D. Rockefeller starting in the late 1800s and into the 20th-century. And so regulators sought to establish laws to keep big businesses across every sector from growing too large and powerful and to maintain a healthy amount of competition in the market. Trust: This term refers to the big businesses (in this case, in railroad, oil, and steel) that began to form and encroach on smaller competitors in the US Antitrust: The term that was given to the "trust-busting" set of laws that were created to counteract that encroachment and stem the corporations' growth in size and power antitrust standard oil rockefeller An editorial cartoon, published around 1900, depicting Standard Oil president John D. Rockefeller as the "King of the World". Getty Images There are three core federal US antitrust laws you should care about: the Sherman Act of 1890, the Clayton Act of 1914, and the Federal Trade Commission Act of 1914. The last would lead to the creation of the Federal Trade Commission, which is the main government entity tasked with enforcing antitrust laws today. Here's what they do, according to Investopedia: Sherman Act of 1890: This is the backbone of American antitrust policy. It allows the federal government to take companies to court that it believes are participating in anticompetitive practices and abusing their monopoly power. Clayton Act of 1914: This act was passed to fill in the gaps left by the Sherman Act. It prohibits certain business practices that can weaken economic competition, like anticompetitive mergers and acquisitions or price-fixing. Federal Trade Commission Act of 1914: Similar to the Clayton Act, this one was passed to further round out antitrust legislation and banned more competitive practices that were deemed unfair or deceptive, such as those that violate consumer protection laws. How have these laws been used to rein in US businesses in the past? The Sherman Act was used to break up Standard Oil, which was found to have lowered their prices specifically to drive their competitors out of business, in the early 1900s. The trust was divided into dozens of companies, including what are now ExxonMobil and Chevron. bill gates microsoft antitrust Then-Microsoft CEO Bill Gates during a hearing in 1998. Douglas Graham/Congressional Quarterly/Getty Images In 1969, the US Justice Department filed a lawsuit against IBM, the New York-based tech firm whose computer market dominance put it on the government's radar. However, the case was thrown out. In 1982, the US under President Reagan used the Sherman Act to divide phone service goliath AT&T, or "Ma Bell," into eight different companies, or "Baby Bells." And in the late 1990s, Microsoft was hit with an antitrust lawsuit as Internet Explorer began to dominate the internet browser market by bundling its browser with Windows software, making it difficult for Windows users to install and run competing browsers. A federal judge ruled that the company was indeed in violation, and the company settled in 2001, but it was a pivotal moment for the tech industry as its players began to realize they may have to eventually reckon with oversight from Uncle Sam. Why is it bad if companies break antitrust laws? The main reason, economists say, is that healthy competition is key to a steady, thriving economy, one in which small business owners and consumers benefit. If big businesses squash out smaller competitors, and the market is instead ruled by a small number of monopolies, that could result in a shaky economy. Consolidating economic power into a handful of companies could also be dangerous to the nation's democracy, as Wired notes. So what's the parallel between tech companies and the big businesses around the turn of the 20th century? Google, Amazon, Apple, and Facebook - the world's most powerful tech companies - are being investigated over business practices designed to step on smaller competitors and maintain their dominant position in the marketplace. They're all being investigated over antitrust violations, but they're not necessarily being probed for the same thing: Google: Lawmakers questioned CEO Sundar Pichai regarding the company's iron grip on the advertising and search market and how it has affected other online businesses. Amazon: The Seattle-based firm is being probed over whether it promotes its own brands ahead of third-party sellers on its online marketplace. Apple: CEO Tim Cook fielded questions regarding claims that the company gives its own apps special treatment over third parties in its App Store. Facebook: The social media giant is in the spotlight for the acquisitions it has made in recent years of would-be competitors, like WhatsApp and Instagram. As for the antitrust case that the US Department of Justice - as well as 11 states - filed against Google on Tuesday, the company now faces the largest challenge in its history. The case argues that Google uses business practices to squeeze out smaller competitors, giving itself an unfair advantage in the search and ad market. How can antitrust laws be used on Big Tech? These laws were intentionally created in broad terms in the late 1800s and early 1900s. Retrofitting the century-old laws - or creating new ones - to accommodate 21st-century companies offering products that are at the forefront of tech innovation wouldn't be an easy task. But some government officials, like Assistant Attorney General Makan Delrahim, have said the laws are well-equipped as they are to apply to Big Tech. It just comes down to lawmakers enforcing them. Indeed, it's not entirely impossible when you consider recent antitrust cases like the 2014 e-book lawsuit against Apple and a 2015 FTC probe into Google over anticompetitive concerns. But it's also worth noting a consumer protection factor that came into play in the 1970s and 1980s that meant "anticompetitive" laws in the US need to show that consumers are being harmed, something much harder to do when it comes to big tech. Take the example of a search engine like Google dominating. When Standard Oil controlled the marketplace, consumers had only one option for where to buy. Google, meanwhile, wins because consumers mainly choose to use Google. Consumers aren't being harmed - but other companies that want to compete against Google (or Apple or Facebook or Amazon) arguably are. The task now in front of Congress is determining how to interpret that consumer welfare argument in its enforcement of antitrust laws in the tech industry. pichai google ceo monopoly man hearing 2018 At a House Judiciary Committee hearing with Google CEO Sundar Pichai testifying, policy attorney Ian Madrigal is also Monopoly Man who photo bombs high profile congressional hearings on Capitol Hill in Washington, DC on Tuesday December 11, 2018. Melina Mara/The Washington Post via Getty Images So then what's going to happen? The antitrust case filed in October against Google could play out in court over several years. And the July 29 hearing wasn't a trial, and no one was found guilty. Rather, it was an opportunity for lawmakers to question the tech executives and gather evidence about their business practices by listening to their testimonies. The lawmakers involved in the hearing sit on the House Judiciary's antitrust subcommittee, a group that has already been conducting a yearlong investigation into how companies operate in the digital marketplace. The subcommittee members have been speaking with smaller competitors, who have alleged that tech's biggest firms engage in anticompetitive business practices. The leaders of the "big four" tech companies attempted to make their case as to why they aren't infringing on the competition. Their answers helped inform the subcommittee's ongoing investigation, which could eventually lead to more specific legislation designed to keep tech companies from growing too large and powerful - just like how the three original antitrust laws began reining in big oil and big railroad over 100 years ago. Read the original article on Business Insider
Gabi Moisa - Fotolia How to solve the black box AI problem through transparency Ethical AI black box problems complicate user trust in the decision making of algorithms. As AI looks to the future, experts urge developers to take a glass box approach. If "black box" sounds insidious, that's because experts are constantly warning against the complications of non-transparent AI problems, which can include bias and ethical concerns. But black box development is currently the primary method of deep learning modeling. In this approach, millions of data points are inputted into the algorithm, which then identifies correlations between specific data features to produce an output. The process inside the box, however, is mostly self-directed and is generally difficult for data scientists, programmers and users to interpret. How to clear the box The solution to these issues around black box AI is not as easy as cleaning training data sets. Currently, most AI tools are underpinned by neural networks, which are hard to decipher. Trust in the company and its training process is a starting point, but experts say the real solution to black box AI is shifting to a training approach called glass box or white box AI. AI should be reliable, unbiased and robust to be able to handle any errors that happen across the AI solution's lifecycle. Sankar NarayananChief practice officer at Fractal Analytics Glass box modeling requires reliable training data that analysts can explain, change and examine in order to build user trust in the ethical decision making process. When white box AI applications make decisions that are pertinent to humans, the algorithm itself can be explained and has gone through rigorous testing to ensure accuracy. "AI needs to be traceable and explainable. It should be reliable, unbiased and robust to be able to handle any errors that happen across the AI solution's lifecycle," said Sankar Narayanan, chief practice officer at Fractal Analytics Inc. Modeling is complicated by a fundamental issue. AI is meant to mimic the human thought process but behavioral economics research says that the thought process of humans is often irrational and unexplainable, said Narayanan. "We rely on our thought process even if we are not able to rationally explain it, i.e. a black box," he continued. A human touch One key to successful glass box AI is more human interaction with the algorithm. Jana Eggers, CEO of Boston-based AI company Nara Logics, said that strictly black box AI reflects both human bias and data bias, which affect the development and implementation of AI. Explainability and transparency begin with context provided by developers to both the algorithm and the users through universal familiarity with training data and strict parameters for the algorithms' calculations and capabilities. Another step toward dismantling some of the AI black box problems is to analyze the content being inputted and the algorithm's output in order to deduce the decision making process. Once the process is clear to developers, they can then adjust it to reflect human ethics. "There are plenty of times when the AI is wrong and the humans are right. You have to prepare for that," Eggers said. Clarifying black box AI means creating an explainable methodology for human scale using simple, understandable data science that includes outlining the program's decision-making process, including what factors were weighed and how heavily. "When we think about explanations, we need to think about what is appropriate for a human cognitive scale," said Brian D'Alessandro, director of data science at SparkBeyond. "Most people can fully consume a rule that has five or six different factors in it. Once you get beyond that, the complexity starts to get overwhelming for people." White and black box testing models The two popular testing models differ in explainability. The future of AI and Ethics Recently there's been a lot of discussion about AI bias, ethical concerns and accountability. Vendors, engineers, and users can do their part, but these types of problems are hard to spot and stamp out in a black box AI application. Black box AI complicates the ability for programmers to filter out inappropriate content and measure bias, as developers can't know which parts of the input are weighed and analyzed to create the output. Sometimes the data was collected in a way that makes it biased and black box functionality creates the risk that these problems get replicated and magnified, D'Alessandro said. In one example, Amazon created an AI recruiting tool that analyzed 10 years of applications in order to create a system that automatically identified characteristics of high-performing employees and scored new candidates against those standards. The tool made headlines in 2018 when it was revealed that, due to societal influences such as wage gaps and gender bias in technology jobs, the algorithm favored male applicants. Now, companies using AI are left individually searching for ethical guidelines for AI data collection and deployment. In May, the European Union released a standard guideline defining ethical AI use that experts are hailing as a step toward tackling the black box AI problem. "The [EU's] Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy AI is path breaking, not just for Europe, but for the world at large," Narayanan said. "The guidelines will nudge businesses to start to trust the specialists and veer away from generalist services providers that have rebadged themselves as AI companies." Next Steps Don't let bias be an anchor to app development, AI systems Dig Deeper on Machine learning modeling
Sua pergunta: What are the main problems with electric cars? What are some problems with electric powered vehicles? What Are the Disadvantages of Owning an Electric Car? • Recharging the battery takes time. • They are usually more expensive than gas-powered cars. • It can sometimes be difficult to find a charging station. • There aren’t as many model options. Which is a valid issue with electric vehicle batteries? IT IS INTERESTING: How does a mild hybrid car work? What problem of early electric cars is still a problem today? The main issue, according to Fenske, is that batteries simply aren’t as energy dense as gasoline. That means more space is required to hold a given amount of energy with batteries than with good old dinosaur juice. A gallon of gasoline is equivalent to 33.7 kilowatt-hours of energy, according to Fenske. Do electric cars need oil changes? What’s the toughest part of building an electric car? “Limited range, high cost, battery issues and spotty charging infrastructure are the main challenges of the battery electric vehicle. The battery provides the energy, but something needs to direct and control it for the purposes of operating everything else in the EV.” Should I charge my electric car every night? Are batteries for electric cars bad for the environment? On the other hand, despite also having chemically stored energy, electric cars release it electrochemically without any kind of combustion, thanks to lithium-ion batteries. This means that there is no fuel being burned and therefore no air pollution through CO2 happening while driving. IT IS INTERESTING: What electric car has the longest driving range? What happens to electric car batteries at end of life? When an EV battery is reaching its end-of-life of its vehicle service, the battery can either be repurposed for a second-life in alternative applications or recycled to obtain the raw materials. Why do electric cars fail? Will all cars be electric by 2030? Is owning an electric car worth it? How long do electric cars last? What are the pros and cons of having an electric car? The Biggest Pros and Cons of Electric Vehicles • They’re easier on the environment. … • Electricity is cheaper than gasoline. … • Maintenance is less frequent and less expensive. … • They’re very quiet. … • You’ll get tax credits. … • They can shorten your commute time. … • Most EVs have pretty short ranges. … • Recharging can take a while. IT IS INTERESTING: Can you charge your electric car at any charging point? 3 мая 2017 г. What is the world’s best selling electric car? It comes as no surprise the Tesla Model 3 has the lead, but how are other EVs selling in each country? In 2019, global electric vehicle sales reached 2.1 million. Figures are expected to rise sharply again toward the end of 2020.
Scientists Brainstorm to Find Cure for Tourette Syndrome You are here You are here REHOVOT, Israel -- July 10, 1996 -- An intensive effort to shed light on Tourette syndrome -- the humiliating genetic disorder known for causing sufferers to twitch and swear repetitively -- brought six Yale University professors to Israel's Weizmann Institute of Science recently for a meeting of leading scientific minds. The professors from Yale's Child Study Center met with about 130 scientists, neurologists and psychologists from Israel and Holland at a one-day symposium with the aim of encouraging basic research, such as that done at the Weizmann Institute, to merge with clinical research to find a cure for the condition, which is believed to affect up to one in 2,000 people worldwide. It is the first time that Yale and the Institute have come together to work on Tourette syndrome, although they have a long-standing collaboration agreement which has sponsored other projects. Opening the symposium, Yale's Prof. Donald Cohen said Tourette syndrome was considered an exotic, bizarre disease from the time it was first identified 100 years ago until recently. He said it was only in the past decade that real progress had been made in understanding and controlling it with an explosion of new drugs and advances in understanding brain chemistry. "Those of us working on Tourette syndrome felt this was a good time for reassessing the state of the field and outlining future new directions," Prof. Cohen said. "We hope that an event like today's will sharpen the focus of research and be a major turning point." Tourette syndrome is a chronic genetic disorder characterized by bouts of motor and vocal tics -- repetitive, involuntary actions -- that first show up in childhood and grow progressively worse. Although it is best known for causing sufferers to swear uncontrollably, in fact only about 30 percent do so; most vocal tics merely comprise repetitive words or noises. The syndrome is about four times as common in men as in women, and is often accompanied by other conditions such as hyperactivity, obsessive-compulsive behavior and attention problems. In an introductory overview, Yale's Prof. James Leckman said the latest understanding of the disorder had come from autopsies on Tourette sufferers which showed an imbalance in brain chemicals and a lack of development in one particular section of their brains: in a normal, right-handed adult, the left side of the brain was enlarged, but in a right-handed Tourette sufferer it was not, resembling the brain of a one-year-old child. Greater understanding of these findings could be gained by performing imaging on the working brain, an area of research in which Weizmann Institute scientists have made important advances. The Institute's Prof. Amiram Grinvald told the conference about insights into the workings of the brain provided by his optical imaging method, which makes it possible to observe actual brain functions with unprecedented resolution. Another promising new direction is in the study of brain chemicals, particularly dopamine and serotonin -- areas in which the Institute's Profs. Rabi Simantov and Menahem Segal have made prominent contributions. Such research can help clarify whether pharmaceutical drugs merely suppress the symptoms of Tourette or actually affect the underlying disorder. The Weizmann Institute's Prof. Vivian Teichberg, who was one of the main organizers of the meeting, said it was hoped that creating greater awareness of the disorder among basic researchers would speed the development of a cure. "Scientists working in their ivory towers of basic research can benefit very much from encounters with clinicians working at the beds of patients, while the clinicians can benefit from the knowledge that accumulates at the benches of scientists involved in basic research," Prof. Teichberg told the symposium. "If what we are doing here does contribute to a possible solution for sufferers of Tourette syndrome and their families, that will be the best reward." The symposium was sponsored by the Yale-Weizmann endowment fund, Gate Pharmaceuticals, the US Tourette Syndrome Association and the Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger Conference Foundation at the Weizmann Institute of Science. Prof. Grinvald holds the Helen and Norman Asher Chair of Brain Research; Prof. Segal, the Harry and Leona Levine Chair of Neurosciences; and Prof. Teichberg, the Louis and Florence Katz-Cohen Chair of Neuropharmacology. The Weizmann Institute of Science is a major center of scientific research and graduate study located in Rehovot,Tour Israel.
Urdu: The Fallen Language\|Sumaira Nawaz Sumaira Nawaz Urdu thrives in a milieu as varied and accessible as daily conversations, revolutionary calls, poetic gatherings and Hindi cinema and music. But its erasure from the public perception is one that alienates it by painting it as a ‘foreign’ language or exoticises it as part of an elite culture of Begams and Ghazals. It is being uprooted from the societal fabric as an ‘aam zaban’ representing a texture of life that extends much beyond muslim households of Old Delhi or Lucknow. Urdu’s rigid categorization makes it different from Hindi, especially as the Perso-Arabic script’s ‘foreignness’ is applied to Urdu language. Moreover, it’s a complex relationship of de-recognition with Hindi-Urdu; where once ‘Urdu’ supplanted ‘Hindi’ as the historically used term for Persianised Hindustani, today ‘indigenous’ Hindi is peppered with Persianised Urdu words. We are taught Hindi in a way that it appears distinctly different from Urdu despite being conversationally and grammatically the same, increasingly so as politics continues to make the languages entirely divergent. In India, despite living on in the language continuum, Urdu’s contribution goes un-credited and the suffering is borne especially by the script leading to loss of a literary culture. The “one and the same” criteria will not adequately reveal that the ‘Muslimness’ of Nastaliq has led to a consistent decline of readers, literary critics and publishers of the language in post-partition India. And even if many aficionadas use Devnagiri script to read Urdu, it’s absence from core Hindi syllabus at primary level is palpable. Lack of scope of a formal education outside of Muslim minority schools has pigeonholed the language in a way that there is absence of an economic backbone necessary to sustain Urdu writers, and in turn popular culture is deprived of Urdu literature of considerable merit (mayaar) or mass appeal. Urdu lives on vibrantly as stalwarts like Mir Ghalib, Faiz, Chughtai, Premchand, Manto continue to be circulated. And even as Maktaba Jamia brings out new titles, being a University Press it lacks the accessibility of a Penguin or Rupa. But it is noteworthy that contemporary Urdu authors and poetry is absent from Literature syllabus in universities even as papers of translated Modern Indian texts are being offered. Similar scenario is repeated in the many book fairs that dot the literary scene today, where contemporary Urdu is either monopolized by religious texts or is simply sustained but not improved by newer talent. This creates a ‘museum’ effect over Urdu making one believe that the era is ling gone. Even translation work represents this ‘lost culture’ as classical texts are often translated out of Urdu but not into it. Rekhta is indeed a positively successful attempt at increasing accessibility of Urdu especially for people who lack ability to read the script but it does not forge a readership, and orality is privileged over literacy. Urdu is being packaged as a ‘poetic’ language but one lacks the tools to analyze and fully appreciate texts, because the dictionary definitions don’t do justice to mazamin (images like Gul, Beloved, Wine), ma’ni aafrini (multivalency). This is not to restrict ghazals and nazms to classrooms, but to decolonize the perception that surrounds them, seeing only the surface value of the text as the tools of criticism are increasingly lost. Ghalib jise Kahte hain Urdu ka hi shair tha Urdu pe sitam kar ke Ghalib pe karam kyon ho Sahir Ludhianvi On the other hand, performance of Urdu continues to capture public interest in the form of qawwali and mushairas, YouTube has certainly made wide circulation possible. These poetry gatherings, held in metropolitan cities as well as small towns like Amroha, Bareilly, Aligarh feature local shayars and the themes too are deeply embedded in the collective memory and life experiences of the audience. But mushairas are often only aired on the Muslim channels like ETV Urdu and Zee Salam, even as they thrive on local appeal. Performances lying outside of the ‘secular’ sphere include Marsiya; lamentations about death of Hussain in the battle of Karbala, a very Muslim (particularly Shia) cultural marker. Hindus and Muslims have sung them alike as part of the Ganga-Jamuni Tehzeeb and also the metaphors were used by Progressive Writers to mark the battle against societal injustices and imperialism. Urdu and the culture it stems from should not be denied their place within indigenous folk-culture that is consistently happening as we paint it increasingly as foreign. There is a shared collective memory that such Urdu poetic traditions invoke. A similar composite literary culture can be seen in Urdu women’s writing- a language that was earthy, highly colloquial, colourful and easily understood within the zenana. This ‘Muslim’ language embodied the spirit of daughters of reform, raising questions about who could write and about what. Most recently, Dastaan-go performances are embodying revival of a lost art of entertainment by adapting it to contemporary tastes and themes such as Dastan-e-Sedition and Dastan-e-Alice. Even if many of the words escape the audience because the language has not been compromised upon, the effect and the familiarity of the metre is such that it invites a string response. Same is with plays like Karbala Katha that creates an Islamic play around martyrdom of Hussain by placing it in the setting of a modern society. By only focusing on a particular poetic ideal of the language we are removing it from the everyday. And by not emphasizing the importance of formal education in Urdu and its tools of critique that exist within the language we are undermining its literary merit. It cannot be denied that the strong communal coloring portrays Urdu, when placed exclusively (albeit falsely) in the domain of Madaris and Minority Institutions, as being for “us Muslims” and not “you uninformed Others.” The frustration of a linguistic minority can be seen here, textbooks are published and patrons are replaced by students but they find it difficult to find sustenance in a world that values their language but doesn’t address their appeal for jibs. In this regard, middle class ‘modern’ Muslims are also accused of only appropriating the ‘poetic’ part of Urdu, not suffering the economic barriers associated with studying it formally. The intention is not to demean those who do not know the script or are weak. But to highlight how undervaluing of an education in Urdu restricts its literary prowess and despite putting it on a pedestal, distance it even further from the fabric of common life. Often ‘fluent’ speakers of Urdu, who have inherited it as part of a ‘Muslim culture’ (not religion) no longer value the effort of learning Urdu, just admire the ‘beauty’ from a safe distance. Urdu is indeed a ‘poetic language’, but it is and has been so much more. It is Inqalabi Zaban (Revolution), Begamati Zaban (Uncouth Women’s language), Islami Zaban (in lots of contexts) but unfortunately, and most importantly it needs to be addressed as Aam Zaban (language of common people). © 2021 Catharsis Magazine
Analysis Of Saving Private Ryan 1264 Words 6 Pages The Battle of Normandy was key for the allies success in France. The Allies landed on the Normandy beaches on June 6th, 1944 and had major issues moving off the boats, moving into the mainland of Normandy and then onward to Paris. The Allies initially had the element of surprise because of D-Day however once the landings had occurred, that changed as the Germans then knew what their plan was, to push inland and not to be in Pays de Calais. The deception of D-Day originally worked very well, however, post June 6th the Germans knew PRIMARY SOURCE 1 exactly where to place their forces. Normandy was full of difficulties for the Americans. Deployed were 150,000 ground troops jammed onto hundreds …show more content… This portrayal was very similar to the actual event and got many things right however there were also some downsides. During the real battle, the plan was for the Ranger companies (first wave) to take over Pointe-du-Hoc to retrieve the higher ground. The soldiers stormed Omaha beach where the horrors of war began. The movie really emphases this and Steven Spielberg does a great job of portraying the general feelings of the soldiers, unlike most brave-hearted war depictions. “one of the most harrowing combat sequences ever filmed and it’s the most overwhelming and agonising half-hour I have ever spent in a theatre.” says film critic Rex Reed. In Roger Ebert’s review of the movie he wrote about how Spielberg stated that he wanted to honour those who fought by showing the real horrors of combat not a stylised Hollywood version of bravery. Spielberg did not storyboard the camera shots resulting in the camera being in the middle of everything, helping put the viewer in the soldiers shoes. He added elements such as shaking hands and seasick vomiting. This to him wasn’t to signify weakness, it signified humanity which is evident throughout the movie especially in the initial boat scene and when Mellish started to cry after seeing the Hitler youth knife. The movie depicts the landing scene correctly, firstly by displaying the date of June 6th, 1944, and by having all the blood across the sand and shore. The boats that were used were also correct being the LCVPs just, like the ones used on D-Day. Smaller details were accurate as well. One being the uniform, especially the 101st Airborne uniform and patch. On a darker note, fatally wounded soldiers on the battlefield in, real life would also frequently scream out in agony and even try to re-stuff their organs back into their bodies, just like the Related Documents
Emerson ETHERIDGE, Congress, TN (1819-1902) ETHERIDGE Emerson , a Representative from Tennessee; born in Currituck, Currituck County, N.C., September 18, 1819; moved with his parents to Tennessee in 1831; completed preparatory studies; studied law, admitted to the bar in 1840, and commenced practice in Dresden, Tenn.; member of the Tennessee state house of representatives, 1845?1847; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-third Congress and as the candidate of the American Party to the Thirty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1853?March 3, 1857); unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1856 to the Thirty-fifth Congress; elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1859?March 3, 1861); chair, Committee on Indian Affairs (Thirty-sixth Congress); elected Clerk of the United States House of Representatives for the Thirty-seventh Congress (July 4, 1861?December 8, 1863); member of the Tennessee state senate, 1869?1870; unsuccessful candidate for governor of Tennessee in 1867; surveyor of customs in Memphis, Tenn., 1891?1894; died on October 21, 1902, in Dresden, Tenn.; interment in Mount Vernon Cemetery, near Sharon, Tenn. Belz, Herman. ``Etheridge Conspiracy of 1863: A Projected Conservative Coup.'' Journal of Southern History 36 (November 1970): 549-67. Birth Date
Munich City Gates Munich City Gates Karlstor, Isartor and Sendlinger Tor are the three gates that remain from Munich's Medieval city walls. They're an important tourist attraction in the city and a great reminder of its long history. During the Middle Ages, Munich's historic centre, the Altstadt, was protected by a wall. Built between 1285 and 1347, and replacing an early smaller wall, the fortification featured four large towers that served as entrances to the city, known as "tor" in German. In the 18th century, as the Bavarian capital expanded, the Medieval walls were demolished, and only three gateways remain of it today. Historically known as Neuhauser Tor and renamed in 1797 after the construction of Karlsplatz, Karlstor was originally made up of three towers. However, the tallest tower was destroyed in 1857 after the gunpowder stored there exploded. The side towers were reconstructed in Neo-Gothic style several years later. Built in 1337 in the east of Munich, Isartor earned its name from its proximity to the River Isar which crosses through the city. The gate was restored in 1833, and again following serious damage during the Second World War. It is the only one of Munich's city gates to still have its central tower, and is today home to a museum dedicated to German comedian Karl Valentin. Sendlinger Tor Located at the southmost point of Munich's Old Town, Sendlinger Tor is the oldest of the city towers. It was built in 1318 as the gateway for traders travelling to Italy. While it has conserved its Gothic style through many renovations over the centuries, what was first a central tower - and later three small arches - between the two towers, is now one large arch created to allow traffic through.
honeypot link Merck Manual Please confirm that you are not located inside the Russian Federation Medical Terms Related to Life-Sustaining Treatment Medical Terms Related to Life-Sustaining Treatment Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR): An action taken to revive a person whose heart stops (cardiac arrest), whose breathing stops (respiratory arrest), or whose heart and breathing stop (cardiopulmonary arrest). Code: The summoning of professionals trained in CPR to revive a person in cardiac, respiratory, or cardiopulmonary arrest. No code: An order signed by a person’s doctor stating that CPR should not be attempted. (Also called a do-not-resuscitate [DNR] order.) Irreversible coma: A coma or persistent vegetative state from which the person is not expected to recover. Persistent vegetative state: A state in which a person has no awareness but may still have certain characteristics that can simulate awareness, such as opening their eyes, having normal sleeping and waking periods, sucking, chewing, coughing, gagging, and swallowing. Terminally ill: The medical state of being near death where there is no possibility of cure. Life-sustaining treatment: Any medical procedure, drug, or technology that can keep a person alive for a period of time but that cannot cure a terminal condition. Palliative care: Specialized medical care that is focused on keeping a person free of pain and the stresses of a serious illness, regardless of the diagnosis, and is aimed at improving quality of life for both the person and family.
Sarah Winnemucca Biography, Life, Interesting Facts Sarah Winnemucca Birthday : Died On : October 17, 1891 Also Known For : Activist, Writer Birth Place : Humboldt Sink, Nevada, United States of America Zodiac Sign : Sarah Winnemucca was a Native American military spy, teacher, interpreter, scholar and civil rights crusader. Early Life Sarah Winnemucca was born around the year 1844. Her birthplace is believed to be near the Humboldt Lake in Nevada. She was the daughter of a tribal chief of the Paiute people. Her father was Chief Winnemucca and her mother, Tuboitonie. Her native name Thocmetony loosely translates as the shell flower in English. She later adopted the name, Sarah. Winnemucca had a normal life of her tribal people. She had minimal contact with the invading European settlers. Many horror stories about the white man had been narrated to them as children. The biggest fear was that the white man was a cannibal, delighting in Native American flesh. It was until the year 1850 that she accompanied her grandfather to California. Her grandfather had befriended and fought alongside the settlers during the American war with the Mexicans. They were hosted in California by US army commander Captain Fremont. Winnemucca shied away from any possible contact with whites. One day she fell sick and was taken care of by a white nurse. After her recovery, she gradually started appreciating the white man. Sarah Winnemucca's education was mostly informal. She proved an excellent linguist from her childhood. Winnemucca mastered English, Spanish and other Native American languages around California. At the request of her grandfather, she went to live at the home of Major William Ormsby. At one time, she was taken to a formal school. She was expelled for being in a white children school. Like her grandfather and father, Sarah Winnemucca maintained a friendly relationship with the white man. As the influx of the white settler increased, the land became scarce. Regular conflicts emerged. Winnemucca became the intermediary between the two parties. The US government had agents who were the official contact with the natives. Tensions were rife, and in 1860, a war erupted. The Paiute tribal warriors were pacified by the US army. After the war, they were moved to a native reserve in Oregon. She continued being the interpreter for the natives and the military. Things changed in 1878. The Bannock tribal warriors went to war with the army. They captured the Paiutes who were considered allies to the white man. In a daring rescue mission, Sarah Winnemucca went slipped into the enemy camp and rescued her family. When the army arrived, the Bannocks were defeated. As punishment, both the Bannock and Paiute tribes were exiled to the Yakima native reserve. Many died in the camp due to disease, cold and starvation. This was over 350miles away from their land. The new US agent was unsympathetic to her plea. Dismayed by the betrayal, Sarah Winnemucca turned her efforts to advocate for the rights of her native people. She traveled across the west galvanizing support to her course. She got empty promises from the US-appointed agents. In 1880, she met the US president in Washington DC. The meeting was brief, and Winnemucca was assured of the safe return of her people. The Interior Secretary and President Rutherford Hayes rescinded on their promise. She got support from others who arranged for tours around the US. The lectures were mainly on the eastern side of the country. Her visit galvanized support, and she managed to publish a book on the plight of the Native American people. With the funds she got from the books, Winnemucca founded a school for Native American children in 1884. The Peabody School was closed after four years for lack of operating funds. She continued her advocacy for the better part of her later life. Sarah Winnemucca was married twice to two former US army officers. She got married to First Lieutenant Edward Bartlett in January 1872. They divorced in 1876 after her tribe was exiled to the Malheur reserve. Her second marriage was to Lieutenant Lewis Hopkins. The army lieutenant later died in 1887. It is believed that Winnemucca had been married to a native husband though there is no mention of his name in documented history. Battered and dejected from the failed promises by the US government, Sarah Winnemucca retired to live with her sister Elma. She passed away in Montana on the 17th day of October in 1891. She was eulogized by many within the military as a great military lady. Winnemucca was the first Native American woman to write and publish an English book. A school in Nevada bears her name. Her miniature statue is on display in the Statuary Hall in Washington DC. 0 Horoscope More Authors More People From Nevada More People From United States of America
Concorde's Post-Crash Test A British Airways Concorde jet makes its first supersonic flight since last year's Air France crash which killed 113 people. LONDON -- A British Airways Concorde took off from London's Heathrow airport on Tuesday on a safety test flight, roaring out over the Atlantic for the first time since last year's Air France crash. Afterburners blazing, the sleek supersonic airliner accelerated rapidly along the runway, reaching its take-off speed of more than 190 mph in about 30 seconds. Unlike the ill-fated Air France Concorde, the British Airways plane raced safely past the runway's point of no return, pointed skyward, rose from the ground and climbed away. Safety regulators grounded all Concordes last year after the Air France aircraft crashed on take off from Paris because of a blown tire -- a fairly common fault that all civil aircraft are supposed to survive. Air France has flown Concordes several times since the crash but only to move them between airfields. "It is still 20, 30 years ahead of anything else," British Airways' former Concorde chief pilot, Jock Lowe, said before the mission, during which engineers planned to check that modifications to the plane have not affected its performance. While engineers working in laboratories are confident that modifications will make the Concordes safe, regulators will not let the type go back into commercial service until they are satisfied with how it performs in supersonic flight. "If there is any small anomaly in the test data the authorities will want the aircraft flying again for further tests," said Chris Yates, editor of Jane's Aviation Security. Lowe said, "It was always a very, very safe airplane. It was the most tested aircraft that has ever been. "(But) as with any machine you could have a chain of errors that caused an accident." Flying rubber from the tire broke open a wing fuel tank in the Air France crash, starting an enormous fire as two engines lost power. With barely enough thrust for low-speed flight, the aircraft staggered on until a final engine failure sent it falling to the ground, killing 113. The test Concorde is the first of the 12 surviving aircraft inside some of their fuel tanks. "The idea is that should a projectile hit the underside of the aircraft the Kevlar would prevent it from exiting through other side, making a bigger hole," said Yates. "And it would prevent it the fuel from flowing out in sufficient quantity to be a serious threat to life." But a Concorde's fuel must circulate freely so it can cool the plane's skin, which becomes hot during supersonic cruise. On Tuesday the British Airways Concorde headed for a supersonic run out to Iceland and back so engineers could check that the Kevlar linings were not interfering with that process. British Airways said it also planned to empty the modified tanks during the flight to ensure the Kevlar did not trap some of the fuel in them, otherwise the aircraft might lose range. Air France and British Airways have been working on the modifications with the companies that built the Concorde 20 to 30 years ago -- EADS and a unit of BAE Systems Plc that last week became part of Airbus SAS ARBU.UL. Those companies decided that the electrical leads on the undercarriage should be armored, to ensure they survived a blown tire and did not ignite any fuel that did pour out of the wing. In a third modification, the hydraulic lines that deploy the undercarriage have also been armored against tire bursts, since the aircraft cannot land on its belly.
NON-CANONICAL!!!.png Information in this article may be non-canonical.NON-CANONICAL!!!.png This article is associated with Into the Gauntlet.jpg This article is associated with Into the Gauntlet.This article is associated with Into the Gauntlet.jpg William Shakespeare was an English poet and playwright considered by many to be the greatest writer of all time. Yet Shakespeare wasn't a member of the Janus, though some of the Cahills thought he was. He was the grandson of Madeleine Cahill and became a powerful Madrigal agent. Non-Cahill scholars have always been puzzled by Shakespeare's "lost years," the period of his life when he seems to vanish from all records. But the Madrigals know the truth. Shakespeare was off looking for the other branches' Clues. After he married Anne Hathaway, Shakespeare abandoned the hunt and devoted himself back to his art--but his writing was always inspired by his heartbreak over the Cahill rift. Shakespeare wrote a lot about family feuds, from Romeo and Juliet to King Lear. Other plays deal with bloodthirsty leaders such as Julius Caesar and Macbeth. However, while Shakespeare feared the consequences of the Clue hunt, he still hoped for peace. He even secretly penned a play about the reunion of the Cahill family--Love's Labour's Won. While Shakespeare wrote about such serious issues, he also had a genius for comedy and a flair for insults. It takes a true master of the English language to invent zingers like "thou lump of foul deformity." Shakespeare also hid several Clues in his plays. The actual number is one of the last remaining Madrigal secrets, but quite a few have been uncovered, including Clover, Bone, Lily, Rosemary, and Blood. Plot Overview The Maze of Bones In this book, his name makes a small appearance when Amy, Dan, and Alistair search for Richard Saunders in Grace's secret library. They searched from Shakespeare to Bruce Springsteen. Into the Gauntlet He is mentioned throughout the book. Plays and Poems/Sonnets In his life, Shakespeare wrote 37 plays, and 160 poems and sonnets (197 all together). Known to the world, that is. But the Cahills know he secretly wrote a play about reuniting the Cahills: Love's Labour Won. One of his most famous plays is Romeo and Juliet. In The Black Book of Buried Secrets, it says that Thyme is also a Clue, while it does not show this on the website. Some people have speculated that by Thyme, they meant it as a name for another Clue, such as one of the plants like Wormwood or Rosemary. In book 10, Into the Gauntlet it is mentioned he had a daughter. Although unnamed in the book this was probably Susanna or Judith. Historically, he had 7 siblings, 2 of which had offspring. William himself had 3 children and 6 grandchildren, and 4 nephews and 1 niece. This would have started the Madrigal generations off quite well.
How Many Trees Are Left In The World 2019? Which country is richest in biodiversity? BrazilBrazil is the Earth’s biodiversity champion. Between the Amazon rainforest and Mata Atlantica forest, the woody savana-like cerrado, the massive inland swamp known as the Pantanal, and a range of other terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, Brazil leads the world in plant and amphibian species counts.. Are we losing trees? How much of the Amazon is left? Do trees feel pain? If something hurts humans, we react instinctually to it—“fight or flight”—as do other animals. But plants don’t have that ability—nor do they have nervous systems or brains—so they may have no biological need to feel pain. Which country has no trees? How long until we run out of trees? 300 yearsAlarming new research conducted by Dr Thomas Crowther at Yale University in Connecticut, USA, has predicted that if we continue our current rate of deforestation, the Earth will be completely barren of trees in just over 300 years. Which is world’s largest forest? How many trees were there before humans? The Earth has lost more than half of its trees since humans first learned how to wield the axe, scientists have found. A remarkable study has calculated that there are about 3 trillion trees on the planet today but this represents just 45 per cent of the total number of trees that had existed before the rise of humans. How many trees are lost per minute? 46-58 thousand. Square miles of forest are lost every year. That’s equivalent to 48 football fields every minute. Are trees increasing or decreasing? Just two months ago, an FAO report revealed that between 1990 and 2015, the world’s forests decreased from 31.6 per cent of the world’s land area to 30.6 per cent. Which is the world’s largest tree? General Sherman TreeSequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks boast many of the world’s largest trees by volume. The General Sherman Tree is the largest in the world at 52,508 cubic feet (1,487 cubic meters). Do loggers replant trees? Do timber companies replant when they cut? A. Yes. … And logging companies pay a special fee to fund for replanting and reforestation when they buy the right to harvest a section of timber on state or national forests. How many trees will there be in 2050? How many trees are in the World 2020? As of 4 February 2020, 13.6 billion trees have been planted worldwide. What if everyone planted a tree? How many trees are lost each year? Which country has the most deforestation 2020? BrazilDeforestation in the Brazilian Amazon continues to rise, according to data from Brazil’s national space research institute INPE. Why you should go to the world’s least-visited countriesTuvalu. Tuvalu is among the world’s most isolated nations. … Kiribati. Kiribati’s beauty is matched by its remoteness. … Marshall Islands. … Montserrat. … Niue. … American Samoa. … Solomon Islands. … Comoros.More items…• How many trees are left in the world? Are there more trees now than 50 years ago? What country has the most trees?
2010 – Understanding farmers and migration In 2006, we began a relationship with Catholic Relief Services, working with about 100 small apple farmers in the state of Chihuahua, Mexico. The goal was to improve income and reduce migration to the US among small apple producers, their families, and their employees in the region. These small producers historically had no access to credit, cool-chain storage or transport. Desperate for income at the end of a long growing season, they had no alternative but to accept rock bottom prices from intermediaries for apples still on the tree. The result was continued poverty and high migration for families. Because we were apple growers ourselves, the project afforded a beautiful opportunity to share both knowledge and resources. We first hosted a delegation from Chihuahua to our farm, to gain hands-on experience with pruning and thinning techniques designed to produce much higher quality fruit. Back home, they convinced a pilot group to commit to product upgrades over a minimum 2-year period. When we visited them in 2010, we met with farmers in their fields, looked at their harvesting processes, and discussed their questions. We also traveled out to the Copper Canyon to meet with Tarahumara indigenous communities, often employed as migrant workers in the orchards during harvest. The impact was evident – when small producers are equipped to access markets directly, families benefit on many levels. During the second part of our trip, we visited with World Vision in Nogales, Mexico. Here, we met families living in the slums who had lost their connection to the land. Children attending after school programs in buildings next door to drug lords. Children born and educated in the US deported with their parents with few resources. We visited a multitude of sites, including women’s income-generating projects, youth leadership development projects, and after school tutoring. As we sat in our car waiting to cross the border back to the US that night, one of our kids starting singing the familiar song “Why can’t we be friends, why can’t we be friends…” Let us never stop seeking the answer to that question.
Yes, your baby might have a risk of developing hearing loss even before birth! While some causes aren’t quite preventable, some others can really be prevented and are completely in your hands. Many a time the cause of hearing loss in the baby in your womb is due to a lack of carefulness and caution. You as a mother must make it a point to take care of your baby in every possible way. Always remember, a healthy you mean a healthy baby! However, simply talking about the mother’s health would be wrong. The health of the father matters equally and therefore, both the parents must follow healthy habits to avoid any complications of the baby - including hearing. Because leading a healthy lifestyle is key to protect your child’s hearing health, which is much better than hearing loss treatment. Always keep this in mind that if a baby is born with permanent hearing impairment, no treatment of hearing loss can ever replace it with the natural hearing of an individual. Let Not Your Unborn Baby Suffer Factors Affecting Hearing Health in the Fetus Certain health conditions of the mother do affect the hearing health of the child during pregnancy. For instance, suppose if a mother has some infections, then certain viruses or infections can get transferred down to the fetus. However, apart from health conditions, there are certain unhealthy habits that might damage the hearing of your baby, such as smoking, alcohol intake, not maintaining a proper and balanced diet, and other such detrimental lifestyle habits. Let’s have a look at how these habits or health conditions hamper the hearing development of the fetus. Unhealthy Habits • Smoking and Intake of alcoholic beverages - Toxins from cigarettes and alcoholic drinks are very harmful to hearing as well as the overall health of the child. These substances reduce the cell formation of the fetus which affects the hearing organs, which remain underdeveloped for life. The child in such a case is born with fewer auditory sensory cells than its peers with normal hearing development, thus increasing the risks of hearing loss caused due to noise exposure or aging. • Not following a balanced and healthy diet - Malnutrition leads to the underdevelopment of the fetus - including hearing. If a woman doesn’t maintain a good and healthy diet as advised by the doctor, the hearing organs and cells won’t develop properly, thereby increasing the risks of hearing loss both during the fetus stage and after birth. • Exposure to loud noises - Even in the mother’s uterus, the baby is highly vulnerable to noise. The hearing mechanism of the fetus is fully developed after 20 weeks of conception and is quite unprotected. If a woman is exposed to high decibels of noise for most of the day or for a significant amount of time, it is highly possible that her baby will be born with noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). Studies show that exposure to loud noises during pregnancy can lead to premature delivery. Also, increased noise levels can cause stress which can cause changes in a pregnant woman's body. This can affect her developing baby in her womb. It is because sound can travel through your body and reach your unborn baby. Although this sound will be muffled in the womb, very loud noises might still be able to damage your baby's hearing even in the pre-natal stage. Health Conditions • Rubella (German Measles) - It is an infection that affects the skin and lymph nodes and is caused by a virus. If a pregnant woman is affected by the infection, then it can have serious effects on the child, thus affecting the hearing health of the baby. • Measles - This can spread easily, causing rash, fever, cough and hearing loss. • Herpes - Studies show that four out of five children born of mothers infected with the herpes virus during early pregnancy might develop hearing loss. • Cytomegalovirus (CMV) - This is a common virus that can pass over to the fetus from an infected pregnant woman. This is known as congenital CMV which is a leading cause of non-genetic hearing loss, thus affecting speech and language developmental skills. • Toxoplasmosis - This infection, often caused by undercooked meat or touching cat poop, causes problems like headaches, body aches, fever, fatigue and hearing loss. Sadly, some congenital hearing loss (which is present at birth) cannot be prevented. However, following a proper and well-planned hearing loss treatment schedule can help you manage your child’s hearing loss better - especially in the generation of a technological boom. Today’s advanced hearing loss treatment methods like the updated digital hearing aid machine and cochlear implants can help your child develop speech and language skills on time at par with the developmental milestones. To learn more about factors causing hearing loss during pregnancy, visit this link: How to Prevent Your Baby from Developing Hearing Loss? Now that you are aware of the possible factors affecting the hearing health of your baby in your womb, let’s talk about some preventive measures that can help you protect your child’s hearing health. • Quit smoking immediately. Not only you as a pregnant woman should quit smoking (if you have the habit), but you must also ask your family members in your home or other people you are living with to do so - because second-hand smoking is much more dangerous. Motivate them to quit smoking and make them realise that it is harmful to your baby. Every individual must keep this in mind and be responsible. • No alcohol intake. Similar is the case with alcoholic drinks. Quit them during pregnancy. It is harmful to both your baby and yourself. Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) • Maintain a proper and balanced diet. Talk to your paediatrician or a mother and child healthcare specialist about the good foods and the bad ones. Also discuss your health conditions (if any), so that he or she might set a proper diet chart for you. • Avoid being exposed to loud noises. If you have the habit of listening to loud music for hours together, then it’s high time that you must drop it at once! Yes, of course, you will listen to music - it is good for your health as it brings mental peace and calm. But if you do so for hours without a break or without controlling the volume, even that soothing music might turn dangerous for your baby! Make it a habit to reduce the timing and volume of the music. • Treat any health condition or infectious diseases at once. Being an expecting mother, never delay or ignore any health issue. Get proper treatment right away. Certain diseases or infections can be carried down to the fetus and might affect its hearing. • Avoid taking ototoxic medications. Certain medications are toxic for the fetus. Consult your doctor and child specialist before taking any medicine. Prevention is better than any hearing loss treatment. A little care makes a huge difference! Are you aware of any other causes or preventive measures to protect your baby’s hearing during pregnancy? Tell us in the comment box below. Also, tell us if you like informative blogs like these. You are also free to recommend if you have a topic in mind and you want us to cover any subject.
nix Documentation Project · Home + man pages · Linux HOWTOs · FreeBSD Tips · niX Forums man pages->Tru64 Unix man pages -> clonefset (8) NAME [Toc] [Back] clonefset - Creates a read-only copy of an AdvFS fileset. SYNOPSIS [Toc] [Back] /usr/sbin/clonefset domain fileset clonename OPERANDS [Toc] [Back] Specifies the name of an existing AdvFS domain. Specifies the name of the original fileset that the clonefset utility will clone. Specifies the name of the read-only fileset created by the clonefset utility. DESCRIPTION [Toc] [Back] The clonefset utility enables you to perform online backups of active files by making a read-only copy (clone) of an active fileset. Once you create and mount a clone fileset, you can back up the clone using the vdump command or other supported backup utility (the dump command is not supported by AdvFS). Note that the clonefset utility only clones AdvFS filesets; it does not clone UFS file systems. A clone fileset is a read-only snapshot of fileset data structures (metadata). When you clone a fileset, the utility copies only the structure of the original fileset, not its data. When you modify files in the original fileset, the file system copies the original pages to the clone fileset. In this way, the clone fileset contents remain the same as when you first created it. You can create new versions of a clone fileset, but you can maintain only one clone per fileset at a time. You cannot rename a clone fileset, but there is a workaround. You can remove an existing clone fileset (and all its files) by using the rmfset command, then create a new one with the new name. RESTRICTIONS [Toc] [Back] You must be root user to clone an AdvFS fileset. Each fileset within a domain must have a unique name of up to 31 characters. All whitespace characters (tab, new line, space, and so forth) and the / # : * ? characters are invalid for fileset names. The clonefset command cannot be used on filesets enabled for the Data Management Application Programming Interface (DMAPI), since domains of DAMPI-enabled file systems are limited to one fileset only. See the AdvFS Administration for more information about DMAPI. Do not create a clone fileset if the available disk space for the domain is less than 5 percent of the total. When a domain runs out of disk space, the file system loses its ability to maintain the consistency of files within clone filesets. When the file system can no longer maintain consistency, it displays warning messages similar to the following on the user's terminal and to the console: WARNING: advfs cannot copy-on-write data to a clone file. WARNING: encountered the following error: ENO_MORE_BLKS (-1040) WARNING: do not continue using the clone fileset. WARNING: original file set: name=mnt, id=2c06a73f.00027192.00000001.8001 WARNING: clone file set: name=clone, id=2c06a73f.00027192.00000002.8002 WARNING: file id = 0000000a.8002 This message also appears in the /var/adm/syslog.dated/latest_boot_date/kern.log EXAMPLES [Toc] [Back] The following example creates a read-only copy of the credit_fs fileset that resides in the accounts_dmn domain. The clone fileset name in this example is credit_clone1. This example also performs an online backup and removes the clone fileset after the backup is complete: # mkdir /mnt/credit_clone1 # clonefset accounts_dmn credit_fs credit_clone1 # mount -t advfs account_dmn#credit_clone1 /mnt/credit_clone1 # vdump /mnt/credit_clone1 # umount /mnt/credit_clone1 # rmfset account_dmn credit_clone1 SEE ALSO [Toc] [Back] Commands: rmfset(8), tar(1), showfdmn(8), vdump(8), vrestore(8) Functions: advfs_clonefset(3) File Formats: advfs(4) [ Back ] Similar pages Name OS Title advfs_clonefset Tru64 Creates a read-only copy of an active fileset mkfset Tru64 Creates a fileset in an existing AdvFS domain rmfset Tru64 Removes a fileset or a clone fileset from an AdvFS file domain advfs_set_fset_quotas Tru64 Sets fileset quotas for an AdvFS fileset advfs_get_fset_quotas Tru64 Obtains fileset quotas for an AdvFS fileset renamefset Tru64 Rename an existing AdvFS fileset mkfdmn Tru64 Creates a new AdvFS domain advfs_rmfset Tru64 Removes a fileset or a clone fileset acl_dup Tru64 Creates a duplicate copy of the ACL volclonedg Tru64 Creates a copy of an LSM disk group whose underlying disks have been cloned via hardware. Copyright © 2004-2005 DeniX Solutions SRL newsletter delivery service
Three kinds of opinion comparison The triadic model Jerry Suls, René Martin, Ladd Wheeler Corresponding author for this work Research output: Contribution to journalArticle 63 Citations (Scopus) This article introduces the triadic model, which proposes that the social comparison of opinion is best considered in terms of 3 different evaluative questions: preference assessment (i.e., "Do I like X?"), belief assessment (i.e., "Is X correct?"), and preference prediction (i.e., "Will I like X?"). Each evaluative question is associated with a different comparison dynamic. The triadic model proposes that comparisons with persons similar in related attributes have special importance for preference assessment. For belief assessment, comparisons with persons of more advantaged status (or "expert") are most meaningful, although comparison targets also should hold certain basic values in common (the "similar expert"). Finally, in preference prediction, the most meaningful comparisons are with a person who has already experienced X (a proxy) and who exhibits either consistency (but not necessarily similarity) in related attributes or past preferences. Prior research and 4 new studies are described that support the theory. Original languageEnglish Pages (from-to)219-237 Number of pages19 JournalPersonality and Social Psychology Review Issue number3 Publication statusPublished - 2000 Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'Three kinds of opinion comparison: The triadic model'. Together they form a unique fingerprint. Cite this
Names. What does yours mean? Why was it given to you? In our Bible character series this summer we will find names were very significant in ancient times, both for people and places. They could reflect a personality trait/virtue, a circumstance, or form a pun or create irony. Some examples: Barnabas, son of encouragement, Isaac (laughter, Sarah his mom laughed at the idea of becoming pregnant), Joseph naming his firstborn Manasseh. “For,” he said, “God has made me forget all my hardship and all my father’s house.” And naming the second son, Ephraim, “For God has made me fruitful in the land of my affliction”, Genesis 41:51-52. Also, name changes were very significant: Abram to Abraham, Jacob the deceiver renamed Israel, and Saul the persecutor became Paul the church planter. Mentions of a name reflect the Creator God and his story in people’s lives. Mephibosheth’s name is long, filled with meaning, and so is the story of his life. The meanings of names are in parentheses as you read. As a result of a revolution, Mephibosheth (dispeller of shame) was taken as a child from Jerusalem to live in Lo Debar (a desolate, forgotten place). It turns out his name was prophetic because when David (beloved one) became King he kept his promise to Jonathan (the Lord has given) and showed kindness to Jonathan’s descendants. He went from the house of Machir, the son of Ammiel (my kinsman is God) in a barren place back to the palace in the city of Jerusalem (foundation of peace), from where he came. He received unmerited grace. He went from obscurity to prominence, from being discarded to purposefulness. His story could be any of ours. The Father God‘s heart is for all to have a story of receiving his mercy, leaving the fallen place, and being adopted as his children, a story going from helpless shame to righteousness and honor. God has a plan, a journey, and a story for each of us. Do some research on your name. What characteristics of God does your name embody? How does it relate with the journey God has you on? Someday Jesus will give you a new name: To the one who conquers I will give some of the hidden manna, and I will give him a white stone, with a new name written on the stone that no one knows except the one who receives it (Revelation 2:17). What do you think it will be? How will this new name reflect your relationship with Jesus? By Donna Burns
Use DLSS to Make Your PC Game Run Better To attain this, Nvidia “trained” its DLSS algorithm with a supercomputer built particularly for visual rendering.For example, rather of rendering a video game at 4K, DLSS renders the game at 1440p, then the maker knowing algorithms go to work. Considering that DLSS 2.0s algorithm is continuously being updated, the feature will just get better as time goes on.What video games support DLSS?DLSSs other constraint is its accessibility; its only in choose number video games, at least for now. Originally, Nvidia had to train DLSS on a per-game basis, however the DLSS 2.0 algorithm can apply its improvements to any game that supports the function and makes it much easier for designers to carry out.
Question: How Do You Write A Trigger In SQL? How do you run a trigger in SQL? How do I create a trigger in SQL Server? How to Create a DML TriggerIn Object Explorer, connect to an instance of Database Engine and then expand that instance.Expand Databases, expand the AdventureWorks2012 database, expand Tables and then expand the table Purchasing. … Right-click Triggers, and then select New Trigger.More items…• How do you create a trigger delete in SQL Server? To drop a DML trigger on the table using SQL Server management studio, navigate to the Triggers folder under the table. Select the table you want to drop, Right click on the trigger and click on Delete. Click Ok. T-SQL to drop a trigger on the table. Why use triggers in SQL? What does a trigger mean? Triggers are anything that might cause a person to recall a traumatic experience they’ve had. For example, graphic images of violence might be a trigger for some people. Less obvious things, including songs, odors, or even colors, can also be triggers, depending on someone’s experience. How do I create a trigger update in SQL? The CREATE TRIGGER statement allows you to create a new trigger that is fired automatically whenever an event such as INSERT , DELETE , or UPDATE occurs against a table. In this syntax: The schema_name is the name of the schema to which the new trigger belongs. The schema name is optional. How many types of triggers are there in SQL? three typeSQL Server provides three type of triggers: Data manipulation language (DML) triggers which are invoked automatically in response to INSERT , UPDATE , and DELETE events against tables. Data definition language (DDL) triggers which fire in response to CREATE , ALTER , and DROP statements. Can we call a stored procedure inside a trigger in SQL Server? A: Yes, we can call stored procedure inside the trigger. For example: CREATE TRIGGER tri ON tbl FOR INSERT AS. What is Trigger in SQL with example? How do I test triggers in SQL? To test Trigger, we need to execute the SQL query embedded in the trigger independently first and record the result. Then execute the trigger as whole and Compare the results. Triggers are useful for enforcing business rules, validating input data, and keeping an audit trail etc. How do I run a trigger in MySQL? How can we create and use a MySQL trigger?Trigger_name is the name of the trigger which must be put after the CREATE TRIGGER statement. … Trigger_time is the time of trigger activation and it can be BEFORE or AFTER. … Trigger_event can be INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE. … Table_name is the name of the table. … BEGIN… What are the after triggers? After Trigger in SQL Server These kinds of triggers fire after the execution of an action query that can be either DDL statements like Create, Alter and Drop or DML statements like Insert, Update and Delete.
Tuesday, March 31, 2015 Concurrent collections: CopyOnWriteArrayList This is the add operation for CopyOnWriteArrayList public boolean add(E e) { final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; try { Object[] elements = getArray(); int len = elements.length; newElements[len] = e; return true; } finally { Answer: the result depends on the thread order accessing to the collection. Check the following code: final CopyOnWriteArrayList<String> cwal = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<String>(); cwal.add("How are you?"); Thread thA = new Thread(new Runnable() { public void run() { System.out.println("Start processing " + Thread.currentThread().getName()); System.out.println("Finish processing " + Thread.currentThread().getName()); }, "Thread-A"); Thread thB = new Thread(new Runnable() { public void run() { }, "Thread-B"); Thread.sleep(1000); // Give some time to threads to finish the jobs for (String element : cwal) { The output will be: Start processing Thread-B Start processing Thread-A Finish processing Thread-B Finish processing Thread-A How about thread-safe collections like Vector or SynchronizedList, what’s wrong with them and why do we need CopyOnWriteArrayList? The answer key word is iterator. Vector and SynchronizedList modification methods (add, set, remove…) are thread safe, but iterator is not. The possible failure scenario: 1. Thread-A prints the collection elements one-by-one using iterator 2. Meanwhile Thread-B removes some element from the collection which causes ConcurrentModificationException To solve that issue Oracle Developers added CopyOnWriteArrayList to a Java Development Kit. No comments: Post a Comment
What Makes You Unable to Concentrate What Makes You Unable to Concentrate? Lack of Concentration: Lack of concentration is one of the most common mental disorders. It affects over 80% of the population at some point in their life. People with lack of concentration are often forgetful and have difficulty focusing on tasks. They may even become anxious when they are not able to do something well. Some people may experience problems with concentration due to stress, sleep deprivation, or other reasons. When it comes to what makes you unable to concentrate, there are many possible causes. These include: Brain Damage: Brain damage can cause difficulties concentrating. If your brain is damaged due to a stroke or head injury then you will not be able to concentrate properly. Other types of brain damage can result in memory loss, confusion, disorientation, and other symptoms. Memory Loss: Memory loss is another symptom of lack of concentration. Your mind may go blank when you are trying to remember something. When you cannot concentrate on a task, your mind goes into automatic mode where it does not pay attention to anything else but the task at hand. This results in forgetting things which could affect your ability to perform a task later on. Anxiety: People who often get anxious may not be able to concentrate. If you feel anxious all the time, you will most likely experience a lot of stress. This will inevitably affect your ability to pay attention to things or remember things properly. Stress: Even if you are not necessarily anxious, you may still feel stress. When you are under too much stress, your brain may not process information efficiently. This may mean that you cannot concentrate properly or even develop short-term memory loss. Serious Illness: If you have a serious illness, it is common for your brain to no longer work properly. Even if you do not experience any pain, you may have difficulty concentrating and other symptoms. This happens because the chemical functions in your brain are altered by the disease or condition. Sleep Deprivation: If you are sleep deprived, you may have a hard time concentrating on things. Even after a full nights rest, you may still feel groggy and be unable to focus properly. This is very dangerous for people who operate vehicles or machinery as they are much more likely to make mistakes due to lack of attention. Stimulants: Some drugs and medication can cause your brain to work differently. This can result in lack of concentration and other side effects. For example, if you take cocaine it will increase your energy and cause you to feel less pain. However, over time it will actually decrease the amount of dopamine available in your brain. Dopamine is a chemical which carries “reward signals” to your brain. This means that you will not feel rewarded when doing certain activities and may become unable to feel motivated at all. Caffeine: Excessive caffeine intake can cause you to have a hard time concentrating. This is because caffeine works as a diuretic, which causes your body to lose vital nutrients and water. The more caffeine you take in, the more these things are going to be taken from your brain. This means that it cannot work properly and you are going to feel groggy and unable to focus. Anxiety Medication: Consuming too much anxiety medication can be counter-productive. This is because these drugs affect the activity in your brain and prevent you from paying attention or focusing on things. If taken in high enough dosages, they can cause psychosis and even hallucinations. Stopping any of these could result in a reversal of these symptoms and a return to normal concentration abilities. If not, you will need to seek medical help for your condition. Sources & references used in this article: Personality: What makes you the way you are by D Nettle – 2009 – books.google.com The Art of Concentration: Enhance focus, reduce stress and achieve more by H Griffey – 2010 – books.google.com Heavy metal hyperaccumulating plants: how and why do they do it? And what makes them so interesting? by N Rascio, F Navari-Izzo – Plant science, 2011 – Elsevier “Just plain reading”: A survey of what makes students want to read in middle school classrooms by G Ivey, K Broaddus – Reading research quarterly, 2001 – Wiley Online Library
What Is A Compressed Air System? The world of compressed air can be daunting for a newcomer; you may run a business that needs it, but you don’t where to start. What does a compressed air system consist of? How do you determine your air demands? And how do you optimize a compressed air system so that supply meets this demand in a efficient and reliable manner? Over the next couple of weeks, we’re going to be answering these questions and more. We hope to provide anyone looking to invest in compressed air with a comprehensive guide detailing the intricacies of designing and installing a compressed air system. In this post, we’re going to go back to basics and explain what a compressed air system is, it’s function in a working environment and what the typical compressed air system consists of. What Is A Compressed Air System? Compressed air systems are typically found in industrial environments, the power source for a wide range of industrial equipment across a broad range of different industries from food to car production. It is rare that you will ever find two compressed air systems that are exactly the same, as the demands of a production line or plant – even if they produce a similar product – can vary wildly. As such, compressed air systems can either be extremely complex or relatively straightforward. Compressed air is considered an essential resource in many industrial settings and is often referred to as the ‘fourth utility’. Compressed air is so prevalent, in fact, that studies suggest that 10% of industrial electricity used in Europe is used to produce compressed air. Compressed Air System What Does A Compressed Air System Consist Of? As previously mentioned, compressed air systems can vary quite dramatically. However, there a few general components that should be considered essential to the successful operation of a compressed air system. Air Compressors The core component of any compressed air system is the air compressor itself, which compresses intake air and generates the energy required to power any equipment. There are a wide variety of air compressors available on the market, although three of the most popular for industrial applications include rotary screw, centrifugal and reciprocating compressors. Compressed Air Filtration Air contains a lot of potentially harmful particulate that can damage a system or even contaminate the end product. This makes compressed air filtration essential. Generally, air should be filtered at the point of intake before compression and again later in the system to remove any particulate, oil or lubricant. It’s important to note that different industries demand different levels of air filtration; the food industry, for example, requires very high levels of air filtration in comparison to a general engineering facility. However, every installation has to be assessed on its own requirements and merits. Air Cooling Compressing air also increases the temperature of air, which makes it essential to cool the air down again. Using an aftercooler also makes drying air easier, as the moisture in air condenses as it cools down and can be removed prior to the compressed air being dried. Air Dryers Compressed air dryers are responsible for drying compressed air and, although they are responsible for using a lot of energy, are an essential part of any compressed air system. Compressed Air Filtration (again) Following the drying of compressed air, the air is sent through a second round of filtration in which small particulate and oil is removed according to the levels and classifications determined by the user and the industry guidelines the user has to adhere to. Distribution and Pipework Once the compressed air has passed through the filtration, cooling and drying processes, it needs to be carried to whatever equipment it is powering. The pipework responsible for this distribution needs to be well maintained to avoid damage, freezing, cracks and leakages. Air Pressure in any system can be reduced significantly due to any of the aforementioned. Additionally, compressed air can lose a lot of pressure when traveling through pipework. In new systems, any potential pressure losses attributable to system design are usually calculated into and accounted for in the initial Compressed Air System design. In older systems where pipework has been added at various points in time, however, consideration has to be given to the significant cost implications of generating compressed air at a higher pressure than is actually required to overcome the losses encountered through poor design. Feeder Pipe Before reaching its final destination, the compressed air is filtered and isolated through a feeder pipe, which is directly connected to the equipment that the air will be powering. Again, it’s important to note that compressed air systems are different and there is no ‘turnkey’ solution – the average compressed air system takes a lot of designing using 3D CAD software. However, going through this process is essential to ensure that you get the most out of your compressed air system.
Mexican Culture : Mexican American Culture 1857 Words8 Pages Mexican-American Culture Many immigrants come to the United States from all over the world. Some bring their families, some their prized possessions, others come with nothing but determination and the goal of a better life. One thing that every immigrant brings with them is their culture. One of the most dominant minority cultures in the United States is the Mexican culture. The US shares a border with Mexico making it easier for immigrants to stay in contact with their families in their home country and more closely connected to their culture. In 2014, 64 percent of Hispanic people in the United States identify as Mexican("FFF: Hispanic Heritage Month 2015." US Census Bureau. N.p., 14 Sept. 2015. Web. 10 Dec. 2016.). A Mexican-American is a person born in Mexico or a person born in the United States whose family of origin immigrated from Mexico. Many people assume being Mexican is an ethnicity, it is not. A good example is an American immigrating to another country and identifying as American, it is a nationality not an ethnicity. A Mexican can be of any ethnic background and still be considered Mexican as long as they or their family of origin come from Mexico. The majority of Mexicans are a blend of of Indigenous, (Mayan, Nahuatl, Yucatec, Tzotzil, Mixtec, Zapotec, Otomi, Huichol, Totonac) Spaniard and European. From 1846-1848, the United States and Mexican people were at war. In 1848 the United States and Mexico war concluded with the Treaty of Open Document
The Negative Effects Of Mobile Technology And Electronic Communication 1291 Words6 Pages Society has a negative influence since the beginning of mobile technology and electronic communicating. Electronic communicating and mobile devices has boomed with laptops, cell phones, and tablets. The mobile technology is easy to access, while also having an addicting influence towards people. The mobile technology has increased electronic communication which then caused the world to become rude, be addicted, cause conflicts, have misunderstandings, and developed poor social skills. Almost everyone in society is using mobile technology constantly, which leads to major problems. One college graduate recently got a job, on the graduate’s first day of work he was fired due to using his phone during work hours. The graduate got fired because he was paying more attention to his phone rather than the job tasks assigned. Turkle talks about how mobile devices are changing people’s relationships, due to people constantly on them (Turkle 493). Carr also gives an example of someone being at a party and trying to have a conversation with them, but the person ignored the conversation because of being on their phone. Furthermore, the use of mobile technology leads to problems. It leads to problems because of the addiction, which causes people to be rude and block out the world while also blocking their emotions towards someone or something, such as the graduate. Although Mobile devices cause people to become rude, they are also addicting due to human’s being impatient and with the source of technology conveniently there, people can find almost any answer they are looking for instantly. One time a friend of mine, Isaac went to a summer camp that mobile devices were not allowed. Isaac, was caught using a cell phone during a camp activity, which led a camp leader to disappointment. The leader asked why Isaac had the cell phone his reply was, “I can’t live without my phone, not even a single day, can you?” Isaac presents an example of how addictive mobile technology by saying he can’t live without it for one day. Turkle as well gives an example of the addiction in saying now and days people are on their emails, games, virtual worlds, and social media constantly (Turkle 493). Carr also talks about being at a conference where Open Document
How to be good at football – 2019 Guide For Kids How to be good at football – 2019 Guide For Kids If you love to play football, but you’re not very good at it, probably all you need are a few tips to improve. Practicing the right way will make you a better player in just a few weeks, as long as you’re consistent and disciplined. Learn to be good at football. How good can you become? Well, it’s true that if you don’t have a natural talent you may not become the best of your friends, but you will have a level of play good enough for everyone to consider you a reliable player on the pitch, and want to have you on their team. So don’t wait any longer; start training today with these special recommendations Sports Domain Lab prepared for you. Steps to be good in football 1. Run three or four days a week. A key factor to being good at football is having a physical condition that allows you to run all over the field for the entire game. If your body is not prepared for this, no matter how much you practice the techniques of hitting and ball control: your performance on the field will not be good. • Complement cardiovascular exercise with a little muscular exercise. While running increases the capacity of your lungs, doing additional exercises such as squats, irons and chest push-ups will help strengthen the muscles in your legs and back, which are very important for hitting the ball. In addition, you will be exercising your arms a little, which are useful for throw-ins. • If you’re not used to running, start for just 20 minutes, and don’t overdo the muscle exercises either. Getting in shape is important, but it’s something you get little by little, and you shouldn’t get obsessed with the idea. Remember to take one day off for each day of exercise. 2. Spend some time each day jogging with the ball as close to your feet as possible. If you need to start at a really slow speed, do it. The goal here is not really to exercise while jogging, but to concentrate on watching the ball roll in front of you by pushing it with your feet, and to learn to push it always with just enough force so that it doesn’t go far and you can keep it in your power as you move around the court. 3. Also on a daily basis, you should practice throwing passes against the wall, always responding with a single touch. Stand in front of any wall, kick the ball with medium force and react quickly to kick it again when it returns to your feet. • Count the passes you can make between the wall and yourself without losing control of the ball. The goal is that after a few weeks of practice you can safely complete 50 successful passes, responding in one touch to the rebound coming from the wall. • Pay special attention to the direction you give the ball by hitting it with different parts of your foot. With time you’ll begin to notice why it’s important to hit the inside of the ball to give it the exact direction you want: so your passes will always go to the center of the wall in front of the wall you’re practicing, and when they bounce they’ll come right back to you so you can kick a good pass again in one move. • When you have practiced enough with your most skillful leg, start to slightly tilt the direction of some passes, so that they bounce diagonally from the wall and you must answer them with your other leg. Be patient and remember that it can take many weeks or even months before you know how to kick the ball well with your less skilful leg. But the time will come when you will be able to complete 100 uninterrupted passes by kicking one-touch to the wall, interspersing both legs as part of the exercise. 4. The next thing you need to practice is shooting at goal. If you don’t have a real court where you can practice, a stretch of wall can work for this as well. Just make sure you somehow mark the posts so you can train your aim in a well-marked frame. • Remember again that hitting the inside of the foot is essential to give a good direction to your shot. What exactly is the part of the shoe with which you want to kick the ball? If it’s your right foot, imagine that the ideal point of contact for hitting the ball is the left row of holes for laces or shoelaces. If it is your left foot, imagine that the ideal point is the right line of holes for the shoelaces. • You must bend the foot slightly outwards and downwards to get the ball kicked with the ideal point of contact on the inside of your sports shoe. The movement of your leg from the back to the front can also have different angles, so be sure to bend it back so that the line that forms between your foot and the ball you are about to hit points to the exact point where you expect to send the ball after hitting it. • Just as the angle you bend your leg back to gain momentum will affect the direction of your shot, the tilt of your hip can cause you to kick at mid-height, ground level, or quite high. If you want to send a shot flush with the ground, your hip should be tilted slightly forward so that your leg does not lift when the ball hits. If you want to send a high shot, you should tilt your hip slightly back so that your leg lifts a little more when you hit the ball. Be sure to use a very slight tilt, as it is very easy to exaggerate and send the ball too high. 5. Now that you have the basic skills to have a good game on the court, the next thing you need to develop is your sense of direction on the field and confront your opponents. • A good player is characterized by having a vision of the entire field of play. You must know exactly where your team-mates will be next to receive a pass, and be able to anticipate a long drive from the other side if you are a defender, or embark on a race with ball control to penetrate the opponent’s lines and leave a team-mate unmarked if you are an attacker. • The best way to begin to have a good view of the field is to observe many professional football matches and analyse them. Take advantage of the fact that today on the internet or on television you can watch matches from the best leagues in the world. Watch how the players are distributed all over the pitch, how they solve complicated situations, how they cheat to outwit the rival brand, without losing control of the ball while they are moving forward. • Another important option to familiarise yourself with the movement and planning of the game during a football match is to play a video game like EA Sports’ FIFA. By becoming familiar with the game plan of different teams, each with its own way of defending and attacking, you will begin to reason in your head what are the best ways to move the ball around the field to overcome the obstacles that the opposing team places in front of it. 6. Play with other friends whenever you can. To deepen your technique with more moves than we describe here as a summary, you only need to study the variations made with them by the most skillful players. 7. As you practice, watch, and learn football, make sure you’re having fun. You’ll never be completely good if you don’t enjoy every second you spend on the field, even if you’re not very good yet. Keep in mind that if you are interested in this sport for many years, you need to learn little by little so that you are always passionate about the game and do not get tired of enjoying it. If you only think about goals instead of enjoying while you practice, you won’t get to the end of the process. Be patient with yourself, though, while still making demands on your training.
Film examines how civil rights and advances in space technology took the United States into unexplored realms of space and societal transformation Review: Hidden Figures Director: Theodore Melfi This feature film provides a glimpse into the role of African American women in the development of the United States space program during the early 1960s. These events coincided with the escalating struggle for civil rights and self-determination, a movement which dated back to the pre-Civil War era when even freed Africans were subjected to inhuman treatment despite their existence in a nation that professed equality for all men and later women. At the same time, as revealed somewhat in the film, starring Taraji P. Henson, Octavia Spencer and Janelle Monae, the U.S. was involved in a political and military struggle with the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), the People’s Republic of China and other non-capitalist countries over which social system would become dominant in the proceeding decades. The fact that the U.S. had never been true to its projected image of a free and equitable society provided the socialist world with an ideological weapon against capitalism and imperialism. The three women in the film were portraying mathematicians and physicists such as Katherine Johnson, Dorothy Vaughn, Mary Jackson and Dr. Christine M. Darden whose calculations and verifications were essential components in the capacity of the U.S. to both launch and maintain its space program. This film is based on a book of the same name written by Margo Lee Shetterly published in 2016. Johnson began her career at Langley Research Center in 1953. Her tasks were numerous including co-authoring a report on the trajectory equations needed for placing a spacecraft into orbit around the Earth. The film depicts Johnson’s role surrounding the orbital launch of John Glenn, a historical turning point in the technological competition between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. 2017 represents the centenary of the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia which led to the founding of the USSR some five years later in 1922. Even though the Soviet Union collapsed twenty five years ago, the level of anti-Russian propaganda has reached new heights of both political absurdity as well as dangerous military encounters. In addition to the continuing hostility towards Moscow, there is also a threat of military conflict with China over the south seas of the Pacific where Washington is attempting to maintain its presence as a superior military force. The decline in capitalism as an economic system exemplified by the Great Recession of the previous decade and the burgeoning levels of income and wealth inequality, places the West in a very vulnerable position amid the rapid trajectory of Beijing which could become the leading world power in a matter of a few years. The Space Program and the Cold War After the successive launching of the Sputnik I satellite on October 4, 1957, it established the-then superiority of the socialist system as it related to scientific inquiry and technological development. The event was of world significance since it exposed the false notions promoted by capitalism that socialism provided no material incentives which were essential in promoting scientific innovations and social progress. Within a year the National Aeronautics Space Administration (NASA) was formed at the aegis of President Dwight D. Eisenhower. NASA was created through the liquidation of the previous aviation program known as the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) which was established on March 3, 1915 during World War I. Consequently, the space program had a distinctly military imperative. While socialism as a political ideology and economic system was challenging the hegemony of capitalism and imperialism, there was the emergence of the national liberation movements throughout Africa, Asia and Latin America which both the socialist camp and the West were attempting to win over to the respective world outlooks. African Americans objectively had no real material interest in maintaining capitalism and imperialism. The system of exploitation and world conquest had been made possible as a result of the capital accrued from the profits generated from the Atlantic Slave Trade and the rise of colonialism. Hidden Figures addresses this dilemma by focusing on the role of Jim Crow as a facilitator of racial capitalism and social containment. Nonetheless, it was the African American people themselves who opened up the challenge to institutional racism in the U.S. The character portrayed by Kevin Costner was purely fictional. The struggle against racism was influenced by the overall international situation and the self-emancipatory role of the African American people. Costner, who the film falsely depicts as Al Harrison, becomes a reluctant ally of the Black women. In the movie Harrison is shown as taking a sledge hammer and knocking down the signs for separate restrooms at Langley. Renee Graham wrote in the Boston Globe that: “Unfortunately, this rousing moment is as phony as the Bowling Green massacre — yet not at all uncommon in Hollywood films. In ‘Hidden Figures,’ a movie where African-American women are the clear heroines, the filmmakers still felt compelled to make up a white male savior who literally strikes a blow against 1960s segregation. Without fail, such unnecessary scenes are condescending, insulting, and patronizing to their audiences, regardless of race.” (Feb. 19) African Americans, many of whom had studied at Hampton Institute and other Historic Black College and University (HBCU), began to work in larger numbers at the Langley Center during World War II and its successive years. Mary Jackson was the first African American woman engineer at NASA beginning in 1958. Dorothy Vaughn assisted in the pioneering of the transformation of human computers, largely women, to the main frame machines which would later dominate the industry well into the 1970s. Science and Societal Transformation Shetterly notes in her book that it was the military necessities of the Second World War that created opportunities for African American women at the NACA Langley Center. She emphasizes: “The black female mathematicians who walked into Langley in 1943 would find themselves at the intersection of these great transformations, their sharp minds and ambitions contributing to what the United States would consider one of its greatest victories.” The breaking down of some aspects of segregation at NACA and later NASA was mirrored within the broader society. Nonetheless, institutional resistance to African American advancement was rooted in the system of national oppression and economic exploitation. NASA has promoted the societal benefits of the space program ranging from contributions in the areas of communications, road safety, military affairs, food safety, etc. However, these purely scientific advances have not brought about the total liberation of the African American people and other oppressed nations in the U.S. The capitalist relations of production are reflected in the increasing concentration of wealth among smaller numbers of multi-national corporations and financial institutions. The imperialist system has enhanced class divisions and consequent militarization on a global scale. Moving towards the conclusion of the second decade of the 21st century, economic and social inequality is increasing at a phenomenal rate. The advent of the first self-identified president of African descent, Barack Obama, did not fundamentally change the realities of disempowerment and state repression. Scientific inquiry and application must be designed to foster the elimination of inequality among people within society. These are the stark lessons of the space program and the proliferation of computerized technology. A revolution within society is essential for the liberation of humanity. African Americans must continue to play their historic role in this transformative process. Comment on Global Research Articles on our Facebook page Become a Member of Global Research Articles by: Abayomi Azikiwe For media inquiries: [email protected]
IBS Fact : Evidence-based management of irritable bowel syndrome What are the symptoms of IBS? Symptoms of IBS can vary widely from person to person, but most sufferers experience some degree of chronic and persistent abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhoea, or constipation alternating with diarrhoea. Other symptoms include increased amounts of mucus in the stool, gassiness, abdominal bloating (the sensation of fullness), abdominal distention (swelling), an urge to move the bowels with the inability to do so, and occasionally nausea. Symptoms commonly occur after eating a large meal or when under stress and are often temporarily relieved by having a bowel movement. In contrast to many gastrointestinal diseases, reliable diagnostic marker or diagnostic tests are not available for IBS. Diagnosis of IBS is therefore based on the examination of symptoms and exclusion of other pathologies producing similar complaints. To facilitate this symptom-based diagnosis, an international consortium of GI specialists developed in 1988 the so called Rome criteria as a standard for the classification and diagnosis of IBS and other gastrointestinal diseases. The Rome criteria are frequently updated and adapted according to new scientific information and insights form clinical practice. The current Rome IV criteria (as of May 2016) for IBS are as follows: 1. Related to defecation 2. Associated with a change in a frequency of stool Symptoms must have started at least 6 months ago.” Once diagnosed, IBS can be subdivided into one of 4 subtypes based on the usual consistency of abnormal stools associated with the symptoms above: 1. IBS with constipation (IBS-C)—hard or lumpy stools ≥25% and loose (mushy) or watery stools <25% of bowel movements. 1. IBS with diarrhoea (IBS-D)—loose (mushy) or watery stools ≥25% and hard or lumpy stool <25% of bowel movements. 2. Mixed IBS (IBS-M)—hard or lumpy stools ≥25% and loose (mushy) or watery stools ≥25% of bowel movements. 3. Unsubtyped IBS—insufficient abnormality of stool consistency to meet criteria for IBS-C, D, or M. Thus, for example, if 25% or more of your defecations consist of hard or lumpy stool, while it is loose (mushy) less than 25% of cases, you are most likely to be assigned to the IBS-C (constipation) category. The classification of stool into hard, lumpy, watery or loose is based on the so-called Bristol stool scale (Figure 1). This scale allows for a visual assignment of stool into the following seven types: Type Description 1 Separate hard lumps like nuts (difficult to pass) 2 Sausage shaped but lumpy 3 Like a sausage but with cracks on its surface 4 Like a sausage or snake, smooth and soft 5 Soft blobs with clear-cut edges (passed easily) 6 Fluffy pieces with ragged edges, a mushy stool 7 Watery, no solid pieces, entirely liquid Bristol stool chart for assessment IBS subtype Figure 1. Bristol Stool Chart for the assessment of stool consistency. Types 1 and 2 indicate constipation, types 3-5 indicate normal stool, and types 6 and 7 indicate diarrhoea. A particular type of IBS is the so called postinfectious IBS, which accounts for around 1 in 10 of all cases of IBS. This form of IBS is similar in symptoms but manifests following an episode of acute infectious gastroenteritis. Postinfectious IBS is also diagnosed on the basis of Rome criteria but develops following an episode of acute infectious gastroenteritis characterized by two or more of the following symptoms and findings: fever, vomiting, diarrhoea, and a positive stool culture result. Postinfectious IBS can be caused by a variety of enteric pathogens of viral, bacterial and protozoan origin, and has been documented following infection with Campylobacter species, Salmonella species, diarrhoeagenic strains of Escherichia coli, and Shigella species. Viral gastroenteritis, mostly caused by norovirus, may also cause postinfectious IBS but is less common. Although recovery may take several months and even years, patients whose IBS is post-infectious have a more favourable prognosis than those for whom the origin of the IBS is unknown. It is estimated that approximately half of all postinfectious IBS patients will return to a state of healthy digestive functioning. Recovery is less likely in patients suffering from anxiety or depression. Treatment of these emotional symptoms becomes, therefore, an important priority. Interestingly, after resolution of the initial acute infection, acute gastroenteritis may not only cause IBS but also significantly worsen intestinal symptoms in patients already suffering from IBS. The correct subtype determination is particularly important for the targeted treatment of the main symptoms i.e. treatment of diarrhoea vs treatment of constipation. However, it should be noted that a transition between these subtypes is possible. Thus, patients suffering from constipation may experience longer periods of diarrhoea and vice versa. Diagnosis of IBS Diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome usually begins with a discussion of your medical history. Here, your physician will inquire about your complaints, lifestyle (food, medication, stress, early life stress) and family history related to abdominal diseases. Any symptoms that may indicate diseases other than IBS, so called red flags, will also be discussed. These may include weight loss, rectal bleeding, fever, first-time onset of symptoms after an age of 50, nausea or recurrent vomiting, abdominal pain (especially if it’s not completely relieved by a bowel movement, or occurs at night), diarrhoea that is persistent or awakens you from sleep, anaemia due to iron deficiency. Presence of one or more of these symptoms may point to several diagnoses, such as inflammatory bowel disease, microscopic colitis, infectious colitis, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, celiac disease, gluten sensitivity, bile acid malabsorption, and colon neoplasia, among many others. Specific tests may be then deployed to determine the precise pathology. These may include faecal tests, blood test, X-ray, gastroscopy or colonoscopy possibly with a biopsy for microscopic analysis. If, on the other hand, no red flags are detected, and other potential diseases are excluded, your physician will use the Rome criteria described above to diagnose and classify your IBS. At this stage, your physician may prescribe a treatment to alleviate the main symptoms, i.e. abdominal pain and diarrhoea or constipation. These may include dugs, diets, probiotics, food supplements such as fibres and probiotics, and several other approaches. However, IBS is a very heterogeneous disease, and responses to treatments may vary considerably between each person. Accordingly, finding what works best often requires a process of trial and error over a longer period of time. In some cases, a lack of response to treatment may also indicate a condition other than IBS. Your physician will then perform additional tests such as endoscopy, intestinal tissue biopsy, stool or blood tests, or other diagnostic procedures. Because IBS is diagnosed mainly by symptoms and specific tests are lacking, the diagnostic process as described above may vary depending on the physician. For example, even in absence of red flags suggesting other pathologies, your physician may preform several diagnostic examinations before considering IBS. Likewise, an exclusion diet and food allergy testing may be proposed to exclude food intolerance or an allergy before any IBS-specific treatment is considered. In summary, diagnosis of IBS is largely symptom-based and is carried out by matching the patient’s symptoms to the so called Rome criteria and by excluding other pathological conditions. Once diagnosed, IBS can be classified into diarrhoea-predominant, constipation-predominant, mixed, and un-subtyped types according to the predominant stool consistency. This classification allows a targeted treatment of the main symptoms including abdominal pain, bloating and diarrhoea and/or constipation. However diagnosis of IBS is complicated by the absence specific biomarkers, high variability of both symptoms and responses to treatments, and other pathological conditions producing similar complaints. Exclusion of other conditions that produce IBS-like symptoms is therefore an integral part of an accurate diagnosis. Next article: Other causes of IBS-like symptoms and their identification. Subscribe: rss \| email \| twitter \| +
Turtle fights You can admire Texas tortoises in the Sonora enclosure in the daytime, when they are active. They spend the coldest and warmest periods of the year in hibernation in their natural habitat. During courtship, male Texas tortoises combat by pushing each other with the front edge of their plastron – the ventral surface of the shell. The companions of dinosaurs Tortoises are ancient creatures that first appeared on Earth when dinosaurs roamed, 220 million years ago, and have not changed significantly since then. They have not needed to adapt, as their anatomy guarantees them a long life and the ability to survive most kinds of difficulties. All tortoise species tend to have a shell made of an upper carapace and a lower plastron, which is attached to the skeleton. International Turtle Day exceptionally in August Turtles and tortoises are interesting for many other reasons than just their shell. For example, they do not have teeth, they lay eggs, and they can cope with high concentrations of lactic acid in their muscles. On the 22nd of August, Prague Zoo will celebrate International Turtle Day, which normally takes place on the 23rd of May, but was postponed due to the Coronavirus pandemic. Come to the zoo on the 22nd of August to celebrate International Turtle Day and find out more about these exceptional animals. Nataša Velenská, the head reptile breeder, will share her expertise on them. For further information, please visit the zoo’s website https://www.zoopraha.cz/en.
Neuro-linguistic Programming Part 1 Neuro Linguistic Programming, or NLP, is a fresh look at the capacities of the human brain in relation to its role in fashioning our lives. The main question here would be what makes some people tick and come up aces, while others simply don't tick fast enough or even wind down completely. Let's make this clearer. A lot of folks play golf brilliantly; so does Tiger Woods. A lot of people are crazy about racing cars; so is Michael Schumacher. What exactly is it that sets these pros apart from the rest of the crowd? This is what NLP seeks to define. In the early 1970s, Richard Bandler, a student, and John Grinder, a professor, studied the specific behavioural patterns exhibited by a few outstanding individuals who shone in their fields in order to emulate their success. They identified patterns and habits that were conducive to success which they then proceeded to formulate in a scientific manner under the rather ominous sounding label of Neuro Linguistic Programming. A slightly less scientifically inclined duo may have called it Secrets of Success or You too can be a Winner, but being members of the scientific fraternity they coined the term for what it was; a programming or re-programming of your habits and patterns of how your brain deals with information that is fed to it through your senses, and how it is processed to eventually give you results totally dependant on your method of processing. This input and processing is influenced considerably by your way of thinking, your prejudices, and your beliefs. These can be ingrained from childhood through upbringing and authoritative figures such as school, church, society, and other similar sources. NLP helps to recognize the interplay of such influences and helps see them for what they are. You can then reinforce what's positive and discard the negative that holds you prisoner to failure. The term tip of the iceberg has often been used to fittingly describe the average utilization of the human brain. Undoubtedly, one of the most amazing organs in creation, it is reputed to be used as sparingly as a state-of-the-art Apple Macintosh by an octogenarian who only checks email, on his birthday. But even that miniscule amount of usage is riddled with distortions brought about by our individual conditioning. From the billions of impulses that are conveyed to the brain via the senses, we are aware of about 0.00005 percent and react to less than half. The conscious mind can only deal with about 8 of these perceptions at one time. The vast majority of these perceptions are dealt with by the unconscious mind and what is allowed to float up to the conscious level is dependant on what the unconscious deems suitable. This suitability is guided by certain filters. We habitually ignore or delete some perceptions as unimportant and distort others through the filter of our ingrained beliefs, values, previous experiences, and customary decisions, and become embedded in a pattern all our own. Some of these patterns created in childhood by a certain set of circumstances that are no longer valid, persist into adulthood and can be severely debilitating. Imagine riding your childhood tricycle to work as an adult. By exploring the implications of these filters, it becomes possible to either get rid of them or exchange them for a new set that ensures success. This unconscious choosing or discarding of what particular perceptions to pay conscious attention to is termed Meta Programs. Now if it happens that your unconscious is in the pattern of prioritising inconsequential and useless perceptions for your conscious mind to work on as a matter of routine, you would certainly do yourself a favour by adapting selection criteria that would serve you better. This is easily illustrated in the case of a student whose conscious mind chooses to focus on the way the hair curls at the back of head of the dude seated in front of her, and let the professor drone on somewhere in the recesses of her unconscious mind. In terms of success the priorities are all wrong here and needs a drastic makeover. Here's where basic NLP steps in to make amends. Basic NLP is a matter of asking the right questions. Each proponent or guru of NLP devises and comes up with a strategy that works for them and then proceeds to propagate it. Generally speaking however, NLP seeks to question your motives and drives that have got you here and whether you are content where you are. It awakens you to your somnolent state and repositions you to facilitate achievement. Goals are seen as intention to achieve rather than desire or want. There is a decided change in attitude when you say, "I intend to write a book, " rather than, "I want/desire to write a book." The goal is then pursued through positive means with beneficial side-effects and mainly through self-motivation. This self-motivation is easily created when it dawns on you that this goal is worth achieving and worth putting effort into. 0 views0 comments • White LinkedIn Icon • White Facebook Icon • White Twitter Icon • White Instagram Icon ©2021 by Tonya Reiman Conviently located in New York
Teaching Your Child to Resist Peer Pressure As children get older, the start to become more self-conscious and begin to worry more about what people thing of them or whether or not they fit in. While wanting to be sociable and popular isn’t necessarily a bad thing, it can cause some problems. For instance, your child might be more susceptible to peer pressure, which can get them into trouble or even get them hurt. So, with all this in mind, it’s important to talk to your child about these sorts of things and teach them to recognise and avoid peer pressure. Here’s some advice from a sixth form college in Guildford. First of all, it’s worth chatting to your child about what makes a “true friend”. Ask your child, do you think a true friend would force you to do something that makes you uncomfortable or puts you in harms way? The answer should be no. Explain to them that this is called peer pressure. Depending on your child’s age, you could even role play some examples. Let your child know that it’s ok to say no sometimes. They don’t have to go along with something just because the popular kids are doing it. Saying no shows courage and bravery and real friends will accept no as an answer. Suggesting alternative options is also a good idea, rather than a flat-out no. It’s a good idea to meet your child’s friends if you can, to suss out for yourself what kind of kids they are. Do you think they might be a bad influence on your child? If so, try and encourage them to make new friends by allowing them to join extracurricular activities etc. The more you talk to your child about these sorts of topics and just generally show an interest, the more clued up they will be. Not only that, they will also feel supported and know that they have someone at home to turn to if anything becomes too difficult for them. *Collaborative post Thoughts, Comments?
Every company, for the conduct of its activities, needs financial resources. The main difficulty is based in identifying the types of financing most appropriate, since we have a wide choice . These types of loans are also dependent on the size and legal form of the company, but generally speaking, we can identify two distinct types of financing, equity and debt capital. Below, we see in detail, what are these types of loans and how to finance a business: Shareholders’ equity consists of the contributions made by the entrepreneur or by individual members of the company at the time of the constitution of the company and, later, with any capital increases, and the profits generated by the company management. It is bestowed upon indefinitely. The capital increases are also called capital contribution, and came up, when the entrepreneur or the partners decided to make new investments, and therefore, they decide to make a new contribution of financial resources. The profits generated by the company management, however, which are not picked up by the entrepreneur or by the shareholders and remain within the enterprise, are called capital savings. Often, the equity is not adequate to finance the entire business enterprise. For this reason, we resort to third-party capital , loans made by third parties (who become creditors of the firm), fixed, because the company must return to the agreed deadlines and in a variety of ways. If the deadline is not greater than 12 months we are talking about short term loans, if the duration is from 1 to 5 years we are talking about medium-term loans, if the duration is longer than 5 years we are talking about long-term loans. The third-party capital includes debts of funding , signed by the company to have a sum of money , and payables, constituted by the payment terms to suppliers of goods or services. Among the third-party funding, the most common remains, for many businesses, the bank loan, such as mortgage It is to receive a sum of money, to be repaid in due time by the parties. After expiry of this period of time, have to pay back the amount of money charged interest as compensation Large companies also rely on the use of bonds These are similar to bank loans, but, in this case, the loan is granted by individuals, institutions or other companies The company has to pay periodic interest and, at maturity, it must return the initial capital debts of operation, however, does not represent a real shift of money, but more simply, a credit from a supplier, which allows us a delayed payment without interest.
Isle of Madeira Madeira stretches over 736 km2 and is the capital island of the archipelago of the same name. Extremely rugged and scored by deep ravines, it has numerous calderas, or cauldron-like cavities, and coastal escarpments. Flatlands are few, and the main plateau is Paúl da Serra (1500 m), in the western half of the island. The coastline is generally sheer, with cliffs towering to over 200 m in some sections. The highest is Cabo Girão, which plunges in a near vertical drop towards the sea from 580 m. Natural beaches are few and mostly of pebbles and black sand, although the peninsula of Ponta de São Lourenço has a fine beach of golden sand. The highest points on the island are Pico Ruivo (1861 m) and Pico Arieiro (1810 m), located in the mountains in the eastern section. The great valleys of Curral das Freiras and Serra de Água are magnificent, as are the deep ravines that carry water all year round, such as Ribeira da Janela, which is the longest hydrographic basin on the island. A marked altitudinal gradient brings Mediterranean microclimates at lower and mid-altitudes, and milder weather in higher zones. Average annual temperatures are around 15 ºC and 20 ºC, with average annual rainfall of 1500 mm and 1000 mm, across the northern and southern flanks, respectively. In Funchal, the island capital, average rainfall drops to 600 mm, and in some north-facing mountainous areas it can rise to 2500-2800 mm. Moreover, in the highest regions, temperatures can plummet to below 0 ºC, in winter and spring, often bringing frost and snow. The name Madeira (wood) derives from the island’s abundant forests. According to tradition, in the early 15th century, a huge forest fire spread across the island and burnt for seven years, which is highly unlikely given the amount of environmental moisture in most areas. Madeira was officially discovered in 1490 by Portuguese navigators Gonçalves Zarco and Tristão Vaz, although this has been questioned. Traditional activities, such as agriculture, livestock farming and fishing are still vital to the island economy. Tourism was already present in the early 20th but in recent times has increased considerably, contributing to improving the livelihoods of the local people. Traditional wickerwork is also important for the island economy, particularly in Camacha, a town just north of Funchal. Madeira also has a rich tradition of local cuisine based on tasty meat dishes (e.g., espetada or beef cooked on skewers made from bay leaf sticks) and fish (e.g., sword fish), as well as excellent wines. The magnificent gardens and quintas or country houses in Funchal and the surrounding area reflect the aesthetic and architectural tastes of the local people. Google maps Go Back /* */
Home > 2021 > Gandhi and Farmers \| M.R. Narayan Swamy Mainstream, VOL LIX No 9, New Delhi, February 13, 2021 Gandhi and Farmers \| M.R. Narayan Swamy Friday 12 February 2021, by M R Narayan Swamy For the Mahatma, Farmers Were Saints “If I had my way, our Governor-General would be a peasant, our Prime Minister would be a peasant,” Mahatma Gandhi said at his prayer meeting in New Delhi on January 29, 1948, a day before he was shot dead by a fanatic. Addressing a crowd, he went on: “In my childhood I learnt a poem which says ‘O farmer, you are king, the master of the whole world’.” Gandhi had been asked a question about the state of Indian farmers, and the Mahatma poured out his heart. “What would we eat if the peasant did not produce food? But today we have made him a slave. What can a peasant do? Must he acquire academic degrees for wielding the pickaxe? If the man who produced foodgrain out of the earth becomes our Chief, our Prime Minister, the face of India will change.” What would Mahatma Gandhi do if he were to visit Delhi’s borders now? Call the farmers names for daring to take on a mighty state, aided and abetted by a so-called international conspiracy hatched by Greta Thunberg and Rihanna, or join their ranks, admiring their ability to endure so much suffering for so long peacefully, almost in an echo of what he did against the British Raj? He may have of course pulled them up for what happened on January 26 but Gandhi was too astute a politician not to notice that the leaders of the leading farmers unions have never advocated violence and on January 26 were nowhere near the Red Fort. My guess is Gandhi would have thrown his lot with the farmers. A man who practiced grassroots politics, Gandhi frequently spoke about farmers, who in millions lined up behind him in the struggle for the country’s independence. He was aware of their problems and plight. He knew that most were illiterate and may fell into bad habits. But he never lost his ingrained respect for their diligence, hard work and earthy intelligence. To him, they were akin to God. “Of course the farmer is the father of the world. But it is his greatness that he is not aware of the fact,” Gandhi said on December 3, 1910. “Those who devote themselves to good works of any worth are not aware of their own goodness… They are not conscious that they deserve any credit. They do not care to be honoured.” Gandhi considered farmers intelligent because they knew the importance of the Sun and the Moon as well as the changes in weather for their occupation. The farmer took care of not only his own health after working in the mud and stagnant water in the fields but also of the cattle he used to till the land. Gandhi did not feel that any Tom, Dick and Harry could tell the Indian farmers what was right and what was wrong. On November 21, 1920, Gandhi wrote: “An illiterate farmer can represent the difficulties of the agricultural classes much better than an Indian learned but without experience in that particular field.” Chilling words, right? It makes you wonder if the Mahatma knew decades in advance that a day will come when the Indian farmers will be told what is best for them even if they vehemently argue that the cure being suggested is worse than the disease. The overwhelmingly Sikh farmers from Punjab were among the first to take to the streets in response to the hurriedly legislated farm laws. They were ignored until they changed tracks and parked themselves at the borders of Delhi after being refused permission to enter the capital unless they agreed to confine themselves to a place called Burari. They refused to get tired and leave. As the farmers dug in, braving northern India’s bitter winter, we were told that only the Sikhs were protesting. That was not true; however, after January 26, the movement has galvanized farmers all across Haryana and the fertile western region of Uttar Pradesh, overshadowing Punjab. Was there a need to drag this mess for so long? Would Mahatma Gandhi have been so obdurate? Even if the authors of the farm laws genuinely think that the legislation is in the best interests of the farmers, they should have taken it back after the protests erupted and brought it back perhaps after genuine and wide-ranging consultations with all stakeholders. After all, the very pledge by the government to discuss with the unions the legislation clause by clause is an implicit admission that such a discussion did not take place. Further, if the government is willing to keep aside the law for one-and-a-half years, it is another admission that there is no hurry for the reforms until there is an overall consensus. What then was the tearing hurry to bring the legislation through a Presidential ordinance, and at the peak of the Corona-induced shutdown? To view this as a struggle against the government would not be the whole truth – although that is how it is being portrayed by those who back the Prime Minister. If aged farmers in the 70s and 80s were willing to sit through the winter chill and continue to do so, it can only mean that they are sick and tired of a system which rules in their name but refuses to listen to them. This is an old disease. It just happens that the volcano has burst now. If the BJP and RSS have their ears to the ground, they will conclude that even now it is not too late to make amends. Bowing to the man who tills the soil is akin to bowing before God. There should be no shame in doing that.
Why Union Labor Must Have Rights and Freedoms Why Union Labor Must Have Rights and Freedoms Unions Encourage Fair Treatment of Workers Labor Union Rights and Freedoms Under Siege How to Reform Labor Union Laws Why Union Labor Is Important To the Workforce of America Why Union Labor Is Important To the Workforce of America Labor unions give the American working class a voice. These are legally recognized institutions that represent workers in various fields throughout the country. Without labor unions, it would be difficult for workers to negotiate over remuneration as whole or even ask for better working conditions. Authorities listen to unions when they air their grievances and they ultimately benefit not just the workers but then entire community. Unions Benefit All Americans The idea that labor unions are only beneficial to those that they represents is misguided. There are many situations in which unions bring forth positive results to the entire community. Statistics show that states that have a higher rate of union members tend to have lower levels of poverty, failing schools and crime rates. Unions are also beneficial when it comes to economic development and this is because they partner with local governments, employers and community organizations to develop beneficial projects. The Gulf Coast Revitalization Program that was initiated by AFL-CIO in 2006 saw the creation of a housing and economic development program worth $1 billion come to realization. The project created housing for low and moderate income earners and also developed a lower rate mortgage program along with job training programs, health facilities and thousands of union jobs in the Gulf Coast. After 9/11, union pension funds went ahead to invest $750 million in New York. These are just some examples that show the importance of labor unions to the American workforce and the entire community as well. The Importance of Labor Unions in Legislation Without proper legislation, employees are left with no legal framework to claim their rights. Unions have played a pivotal role in passing legislations that benefit the American workers. These include the passing of the Fair Minimum Wage Act, 2007 and the Social Security Act, 1935. Other laws that were passed with the input and advocacy of labor unions in mine safety laws, workers compensation laws, the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 and the Fair Labor Standard Act amongst others. How Do Labor Unions Benefit The American Workforce Directly? Workers that are represented by a union earn 30% more than those who are not. Reregistered nurses represented by a union earn 16% more than non-union registered nurses. A Bureau of Labor Statistics report published in 2011indicated that the median weekly earnings of union members was $917 while non-union workers earned $717. That would be a yearly difference of $10,400. Union workers also have more access to on-the-job training making them more skilled. They have safer work environments because their employees are more likely to follow Occupational Safety and Health Administrations standards. Union workers also receive better healthcare coverage than non-union workers. For more information you can see the Walgreens application. About 80 percent on union workers have employer funded health insurance as opposed to 49 percent on non-union worker. 90 percent on union workers have prescription drug benefits while the same benefit is only accessible to 68 percent non-union workers. Labor unions are without a doubt important to the workforce of America and the community at large. Why Union Labor Must Be Saved to Save Jobs in California Why Union Labor Must Be Saved to Save Jobs in California How Can Unions Save Jobs in California Collective Bargaining Agreements (CBAs): Provisions That Save Your Job Why Should We Save Labor Unions?
[6] The Huichol use circular glass mirrors for divination; in the Huichol language they are called nealika, a word with a dual meaning of "face". [33], In the Valley of Oaxaca, only San José Mogote has produced evidence of mirror production dating as far back as the Preclassic. The PRI's candidate, Carlos Salinas de Gortari, an economist who was educated at Harvard, had never held an elected office, and who was a technocrat with no direct link to the legacy of the Mexican … This scene is unlikely to represent the application of cosmetics in a modern sense, since the reflection provided by an iron ore mosaic mirror was unlikely to be of great use due to the distorted image it presented. Tin, in the hands of Mexico's finest mirror craftsmen, becomes an exquisite rustic metal medium that excites and delights the eyes. [10] The Maya maintained the same association throughout the Classic period,[22] and the relationship between mirrors and the sun has persisted into modern times, with the Sierra Totonac of Mexico referring to the sun as Espejo Sol, "Mirror Sun". [50] Circular mirrors at Teotihuacan were associated symbolically with eyes and faces, flowers and shields;[6] they are quite frequently encountered during excavations in the ruined city. Here are a few common beliefs and superstitions in Mexico. [4], The earliest stone mirrors in Mesoamerica pre-date the rise of the Olmec civilization, with examples being dated as far back as the middle of the 2nd millennium BC. Novica's mirror collection is vast and varied; it reflects the beauty of nature, artistic traditions, and the infinite creativity of artisans around the world. [3] They can be divided into two groups; those that have a single drilled hole near the top and those that have at least two drilled holes at the sides. Another mirror from Petén, found at Topoxte, has a circular band of text on the back that includes the phrase u-nen, meaning "his mirror". This is called Radial Symmetry Since the 1500's, this humble metal has been made more pleasing by being shaped, stamped, punched, painted and cut into a wide variety of The day sign for water, Atl, is placed upon the mirror. Sometimes metaphors could be combined in imagery, so that the mirror-flower was worked in such a way as to also resemble a face. Similar mirrors were not only found at San Lorenzo but also at Río Pesquero and as far as Guerrero on the Pacific Coast of southwestern Mexico. [24], Most Maya mirrors were circular with occasional oval and square examples; they range in size from 5.6 to 29 centimetres (2.2 to 11.4 in) across while their thickness ranged from 3 to 72 millimetres (0.12 to 2.83 in). Welcome to our range of Mexican copper, tin and wooden framed mirrors that complement your interior designs with a natural glow, … [57] An Aztec sculpture of a seated figure bears a smoking mirror on its back to represent the fifth sun. Hundreds of such mirrors have been recovered from archaeological sites in the Maya region. They were moving and the old mirror would not fit … Mexican Mirrors Tin Frame Decorative Mirrors over 20 styles Mexican Mirrors at there best. Mexican hojalata (tin art work) is created by stamping, punching and cutting tin shapes. a��?&��k�ʻuX�E�o'��Qr�6W��(c\�(0QY`͏��$$ 684. [6] Obsidian mirrors were used ritually to spiritually access the Aztec underworld and communicate with the realm of the dead. In 1903, a coalition of Mexican and Japanese farmworkers went on strike together in Oxnard, California. In Teotihuacan art mirrors were relatively frequently shown standing upright in bowls, symbolising bowls of shining water. Maximilian, in full Ferdinand Maximilian Joseph, (born July 6, 1832, Vienna, Austria—died June 19, 1867, near Querétaro, Mex. "It is very natural that the history written by the victim," said a Mexican who lived in California in 1874, "does not altogether chime with the story of the victor." The slate was often finely sculpted and circular in shape; these mirrors could be much larger than earlier mirrors and mosaic mirrors represented in Mesoamerican art suggest that they may have reached sizes of over 30 centimetres (12 in). [7] Among the Maya of the Classic period mirrors were a means of communication with otherworld entities, as depicted in scenes painted on ceramic vessels. 4. Jade beads were associated. At the time of the Spanish conquest this form of divination was still practiced among the Maya, Aztecs and Purépecha. [75], An Aztec hemispherical iron pyrite mirror in the collection of the Musée de l'Homme in Paris has a sculpted representation of the wind god Ehecatl on its convex back. Mirrors are said to be the reflection of the soul, magically written into fairy-tales, enhancing light, bringing elegance and spaciousness. First populated more than 13,000 years ago, central and southern Mexico, (termed Mesoamerica), saw the rise and fall of complex indigenous civilizations.Uniquely in the Western Hemisphere, Mesoamerican civilizations developed glyphic writing systems, recording the political history of conquests and rulers. These early mirrors were manufactured from single pieces of stone and were therefore of small size, rarely exceeding 15 centimetres (5.9 in) across. ), archduke of Austria and the emperor of Mexico, a man whose naive liberalism proved unequal to the international intrigues that had put him on the throne and to the brutal struggles within Mexico that led to his execution. However, as time progressed paper craft in Mexico developed into that which we see today – the delicately laser cut banners and strings of bunting (banderolas) that decorate public buildings and houses across Mexico. An incense burner from Early Classic Escuintla on the Guatemalan Pacific slope combines butterfly and water imagery. Flawless Floor Mirrors for Every At-Home OOTD Pic. At the same time, the face of the mirror symbolised fire. [22], The back of a Toltec atlante at Tula, showing the sculpted back mirror, The Aztec deity Tezcatlipoca ("Smoking Mirror") as depicted in the, A burning mirror in a brazier as depicted on page 63 of the, A Toltec mirror used as a hearth on page 46 of the Codex Borgia, Tezcatlipoca's head-mirror from page 17 of the Codex Borgia, with the symbol, Function and symbolism of mirrors in Mesoamerica, Symbolic meaning of mirrors at Teotihuacan, Healy and Blainey speculate that this liquid may have been. Mexican(Tin(Artis(apopular(Artform(thathas(been(passed(down(through(the(generaons. One Olmec mirror had a back that was ground smooth and highly polished. The most popular color? Mirrors were among the gifts that Hernán Cortés sent back to the royal court in Spain and they became widely collected among the European aristocracy. They have been dated to all periods of Maya civilization from the Middle Preclassic (around 600 BC) right up to the Spanish conquest in the early 1520s. While Oaxaca is the state most associated with typical Mexican folk art, each region offers its own contribution. These remains date to around 950 BC. [12] The Olmecs of the Preclassic period fashioned concave mirrors that were capable of lighting fires. The Roaring Twenties History. To clarify, let's first discuss a general term. [25] Although hundreds of mirrors have been excavated in the Maya area, comparatively few mosaic mirrors have been recovered from lowland Maya sites. [42] These are counted as among the most outstanding examples of iron ore workmanship that the Olmecs produced. You guessed it: silver. [3] From early in Mesoamerica's history, the use of iron ore mirrors was associated with a hereditary elite class. ;�u��!�B��LZ�d��IP� el��P�/�M�F��H�k��B�_, Instead of crafting the mirror from a single piece of pyrite, pre-cut pieces of pyrite would be fixed to a piece of slate, forming a mosaic mirror fashioned from finely fitted pieces. 1. Review Mexican folk art 2. The mirror backing slate was often perforated with two drilled holes and sometimes its reverse was intricately decorated. [5] In Teotihuacan art back mirrors are often represented with prominent flares similar to earspools, and a mirror found at Kaminaljuyu had two such jade earspools closely associated with it, although their original position was difficult to determine due to the deterioration of the pyrite mirror face, it is likely they were attached to it in the same way as represented in Teotihuacan art. [35], The incomplete slate back of the earliest known Maya mirror was excavated from Cahal Pech in Belize; it was dated to around 600 BC, in the Middle Preclassic. One '', was the first Olmec mirrors were circular with a red or yellow stain where the was! Passing directly over the mirror the properties of reflecting an inverted and reversed image decked-out. Native lore regarding mirrors are counted as among the Aztecs a red or yellow stain where the mirror by. Three were holding large discs that have been used to light fires production continued Belize. 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Notes on The Performance Cortex by Zach Schonbrun Chapter 1 – Decervo In baseball, the first implementation of medical assistance in the sport came in the 1950’s in the form of orthopedists (Schonbrun, 10). This was followed by psychologists, then optometrists, strength coaches, massage therapists, nutritionists, economists, sabermetricians (essentially people who study baseball), zen masters, sleep doctors, and yoga instructors. Finally, neuroscientists joined in (Schonbrun, 10). The first implementation of such neuroscientists was exemplified in a startup called DeCervo (Schonbrun, 10). DeCervo measured the brainwaves of players and was able to discern why they were not performing to the best of their abilities in some cases (Schonbrun, 11 – 13). When applied to Jordan, a college-level baseball player who was theoretically the best on the team, but always performed the worst, this gear revealed that he was late to recognize certain varieties of pitches and thus missed certain swings (Schonbrun, 12). Eventually neurally collected data became a key differentiator in scouting players (Schonbrun, 15). In 1954, psychologists were able to determine that batters in baseball could not watch the until the point where the bat meets the ball (Schonbrun, 20). As the study of sports psychology advanced, researchers found that, the younger the athlete is, the easier it is to develop new athletic skills (Schonbrun, 22-24). In the case of Michael Jordan, he was seemingly unable to play baseball at a high level, despite his equivalent prowess in basketball (Schonbrun, 22). At the age of 31, the development of these new skills had become so difficult that he could seemingly no longer make meaningful improvement due to a lack of early-life development (Schonbrun, 24). Using EEG technology, researchers measured the accuracy of decisions to swing or not to swing based on a rudimentary simulation of ball throws (Schonbrun, 35-37). Using this technique, these researchers at DeCervo identified the exact brainwave and moment when the batter firmly decided to swing or not to swing (Schonbrun, 38). Combining this with readings from fMRI (Functional MRI) readings, these researchers arrived at the conclusion that experts in baseball experienced “higher activation in the parahippocampal gyrus and the paracingulate gyrus” — essentially that experts were able to better predict the pitch of the ball (Schonbrun, 39). The SMA, a region of the brain capable of stopping movement was also shown to activate more in experts (Schonbrun, 39). The idea was that experts were ready to and planning to swing, but the SMA was better able to prevent the swing, should it not be necessary (Schonbrun, 40). The uncited parts of the chapter were largely narrative portions and did not relate to the research I am conducting. Chapter 2 – The Movement Chauvinist The variance observed in performance in sport is attributed to “noise” in the nervous signals to each of the involved regions (Schonbrun, 52). This noise is found in varying degrees depending upon the person in question, but some people can be born with much less noise in their nervous pathways (Schonbrun, 52). Metaphorically speaking, myelin is the wire coating of the nerves — it aids to ensure that nervous signals do not “leak out” (Schonbrun, 56). Additionally, this allows the nervous signals to travel faster along their pathways (Schonbrun, 56). This noise is argued not to be entirely detrimental. In some cases, researchers have argued that it is beneficial in that it allows for exploration of the fine motor movements of players (Schonbrun, 60-61). Due to the relatively slow speed of nervous signal transmission, bringing it back to baseball, the players are forced to rely upon prediction and not feedback (Schonbrun, 68-70). Note for later: Find Wolpert and Kording’s January 2004 paper on Bayesian Integration. (Schonbrun, 73 for reference) What makes athletes predictions and pre-actions so inconsistent is not only the noise found in nervous signals, but also the error that is found in human senses (Schonbrun, 74-75). For example, in a phenomenon called the McGurk effect, an audio recording of a woman saying “Ba ba ba” was edited over a video of her saying “Ga ga ga,” which caused viewers to perceive that she was saying “Da da da” (Schonbrun, 75). While this perception is wrong, it is also the optimal perception as it has the least chance to be wrong given the input received by the viewer (Schonbrun, 75). Chapter 3 – The Motor Hunter As an anecdote, in 2015, a biker was given a bike welded so that the handle bar would cause the bike to turn in the opposite direction of a normal bike (Schonbrun, 86). Although he expected to be able to master this new bike in a few days, it took him eight months and, afterwards he struggled to ride a regular bike (Schonbrun, 86). Motor researchers refer to the building of motor skills as “scaffolding” (Schonbrun, 87). The learner starts out by carefully following a procedure and gradually builds that direction-following into a skill that he or she then does not have to think about (Schonbrun, 87). As a result of this form of automation, we form habits, which can also be detrimental (Schronbrun, 87-88). On a separate note, the “home court advantage” is an effect of the dopamine levels within the “substantia nigra to the neostriatum of your brain” (Schonbrun, 103). Chapter 4 – From Mind to Muscle In the year 1874, two German scientists had the unique chance to operate on a woman with a cancerous ulcer that had opened a hole that was two inches in diameter in the side of her head (Schonbrun, 131). The woman, who was awake during the time of the operation, complained about intermittent tingling as the two scientists poked her left posterior lobe, which caused muscle contractions on the right side of her body (Schonbrun, 131-132). The scientists then stimulated the right posterior lobe of her brain using an electrode, causing contractions on the left side of her body (Schonbrun, 132). As the strength of the current began to increase, she began to cry, then later suffered a seizure, afterwards complaining about weakness and vertigo (Schonbrun, 132). She died a few days afterwards (Schonbrun, 132). Interestingly, however, in experiments done with dogs in which parts of their brains were removed in an attempt to make them lose control of specific muscle groups, it was found that no specific part of any cortex the brain is exclusively responsible for one muscle group (Schonbrun, 132-133). Chapter 5 – The Neurotech Space was not especially related to my thesis Chapter 6 – Searching for the Motor Engram Within the field of neurology, there were historically two opposing views – one that claimed that plans to execute movements were then stored as reflexes and executed at the desired time, and one that believed that actions were created from intentions (Schonbrun, 188-190). Scientists have discovered that development of the left side of the brain, often associated with speech and the processing of it, does not hinder the development of the right side of the brain (Schonbrun, 197-198). This being considered, the primary motor cortex is not completely separate from other sections of the brain (Schonbrun, 200). As humans learn functions that become automatic, the first impulse in the series of actions becomes the most important (Schonbrun, 204-206). Memorizing small chunks of a skill, then combining them repeatedly, will cause the first ‘chunk’ of the skill to trigger the following one (Schonbrun, 205). Over time, between executions of a motor task, this task can progressively become less optimally trained, which is why warming up is regarded as so effective (Schonbrun, 206-208). Some athletes have strange “ticks” that seem to be the priming chunk of their muscle memory in games (Schonbrun, 208). Some examples of this include a quick neck turn before the swing of a golf club or the tugging of the one’s shorts in between tennis points (Schonbrun, 208). When not intentionally practicing a motor function, the brain can still absorb methods and form habits based on it (Schonbrun, 211). Fingers take up almost twice the “brain area” that the elbow, forearm, and wrist do combined (Schonbrun, 214). Chapter 7 – Embodied Expertise The areas of the brain that are recognized in embodied expertise are the IPL (inferior parietal lobule), STS (superior temporal sulcus), and the PMV (ventral premotor cortex) (Schonbrun, 239). Additionally, these brain regions are more active when watching a dance piece that the observer has practiced than when watching one the observer has not practiced (Schonbrun, 239). “Virtually all learning phenomena resulting from direct experiences can occur on a vicarious basis through observation of other people’s behavior and its consequences for them” – Albert Bandura in 1977 (Schonbrun, 244). Chapter 8 – The Body in Space was not especially useful for my Senior Thesis topic Chapter 9 – A Paralyzed Man Who Moved, while interesting, was not helpful for my Senior Thesis paper. Schonbrun, Zach. The Performance Cortex: How Neuroscience Is Redefining Athletic Genius. Dutton, 2018. Leave a Reply You are commenting using your account. Log Out / Change ) Google photo Twitter picture Facebook photo Connecting to %s
Aghanur Vitoria Eduardi Italian‑language Poet Her prominent ancestors moved from New Julfa, Iran, to Paris, and then to Italy, where Vittoria was born in Padua. She, along with her four sisters, grew up in the “Casa degli Armeni” (House of the Armenians) and received an Italian education. She married the Italian count and member of Parliament Guido Pompili. Vitoria was very fond of Italian poetry, and wrote her poems in Italian. Her first poem was published in 1875, and the first poem to appear in the Armenian‑language, “Lrutyun” (“Silence”), was translated by Arsen Ghazikyan in 1896. Vitoria’s first collection, titled Eternal Conversation (Lejenta Eterna), was published in 1900 in Italian, and its Armenian translation by Arsen Ghazikyan was published in 1905. The second collection, New Lyrics (Nor Lirikan), was published in 1908, with its Armenian translation titled Nor Erger published in 1910. The poet herself actively participated in the process of translating her poems. The main subject of Aghanur’s poetry is love in its colorful, gentle, and diverse representations. She was also highly concerned with the fate of the Armenians, reflecting on the poor living conditions of her compatriots and their nomadic existence (“Hayots Zatik,” “Heravor Eghbayrneris”). Italian writer Carlo Calcatera published Aghanur’s letters under the title The Story Lived by Aghanur, several sections of which were translated into Armenian by Kh. Gabikyan. After 1890 Aghanur lived in Venice, where she passed away. After the death of his wife, Count Pompeli “couldn’t live any longer” and committed suicide. Prepared by the Central State Archives, Republic of Armenia Teotig, Amenuyn Daretsuyts, 1909, 1925, 1926 1. Stepanyan, Biographical Dictionary, v. 1, 1973 Encyclopedia of the Republic of Armenia, v. 1, Yerevan, 1990
Sara Bellum January 28 2011 Winter is here and, with it, cold season. To arm themselves, many people purchase over-the-counter drugs, which are those that don’t require a doctor’s prescription. Taken as directed, over-the-counter cold medications like cough syrups are safe and can help relieve annoying cold symptoms that interrupt our lives. However, some teens are abusing these otherwise safe medications. NIDA scientists refer to this dangerous practice as “robotripping.” What Is Robotripping? Named in reference to Robitussin, one of the most common cold medicines, “robotripping” describes the act of abusing cough and cold syrups by taking more than the recommended dose on the label. The active ingredient in cold syrups, Dextromethorphan (DXM), is a drug that suppresses coughing. Like many other medications, when DXM is abused—taken in high doses and for the wrong reasons—the consequences can be extremely dangerous. Someone who consumes more than the recommended amount of DXM is likely to experience hallucinations or dissociative “out of body” feelings for up to 6 hours. These side effects are similar to the hallucinations people experience when they abuse an illegal drug like PCP. But feeling detached from your body and hallucinating is just the start. Ingesting more cough syrup than recommended on the label can cause impaired motor function, numbness, nausea, vomiting, increased heart rate and blood pressure, permanent brain damage, and even death. Find out what else NIDA has to say about DXM.
Yeast Infections—vaginal Pregnancy can increase the risk of vaginal yeast infections. Too much sugar can up your risk. This is called “thrush” and is effectively treated with Nystatin. Yeast diaper rash, choose a mild, fragrance-free soap. This can then lead to diaper rash and oral thrush in your baby. When you have your period, change your pads and tampons frequently. Your doctor will do a pH test and assess your symptoms and may take a simple swab for examination under a microscope before providing a diagnosis. Whenever, wherever you need us, we’re here for you. However, if after having sex you develop a yeast infection with symptoms, it is most likely because other health factors are involved. Vaginal yeast infection, also known as candidal vulvovaginitis and vaginal thrush, is excessive growth of yeast in the vagina that results in irritation. A vaginal yeast infection means that too many yeast cells are growing in the vagina. It's usually harmless but it can be uncomfortable and keep coming back. These can become infected with other germs. Fluctuations in hormones are thought to be a cause of yeast infections before your period, causing imbalances in healthy bacteria in the vagina. The OWH helpline is a resource line. Treatment for yeast infections include: Many women prefer to use home remedies to get rid of yeast infections, especially if they have had a yeast infection before. Lack of sleep – a lack of sleep can throw off various functions of your body and in conjunction with other lifestyle changes, can lead to imbalances in bacteria. These infections are easily treatable. Otherwise, you might make the vaginal irritation worse and you and your sex partner could re-infect each other. In response, his brother asked him to send a picture so he could get a better idea of what was causing the swelling and peeling skin. Yeast thrives on sugar, so eating too much of it may increase your chance of developing the obnoxious infection, says Laurie Birkholz, M. There are also treatments that are not appropriate during pregnancy. How To Prevent It Many women commonly mistake other vaginal infections for Yeast Infections, believing that it is the most common type. Douching, using vaginal products that have fragrance chemicals, hanging out in wet or sweaty clothing and swimsuits, and wearing underwear that's too tight. Avoid hot tubs and very hot baths. The most common yeast infection in a baby is a diaper rash. Yeast infection in the nail beds can happen in the fingers or toes, but are more common in toenails. Up to 75% of women will experience an inflammatory condition of the vagina at some point in their lives. First and most importantly, make sure to wear loose-fitting, cotton underwear. Have you ever noticed vaginal odor, itching, burning or discharge and immediately jumped to the conclusion that you have a Yeast Infection? • The oral medication, Diflucan (a single-dose medication), has not been proven safe during pregnancy and lactation. • Sex hormones coordinate neutrophil immunity in the vagina by controlling chemokine gradients. • You do not need to treat partners unless they have symptoms. • Keep your vaginal area clean. • Schaffir says, while others can be in agony. Why Are Yeast Infections More Common During Pregnancy? Depending on what your doctor sees, the next step may be to collect some cells from your vagina. Yeast infections: symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, she is also the New York Times bestselling author of The Autoimmune Solution and The Thyroid Connection. The 3 most common are: So long as you're not experiencing symptoms that are causing you to be uncomfortable, it's okay if it's treated later. First things first, unfortunately, almost all women will experience at least one yeast infection (genital candidiasis) -- an infection caused by an overgrowth of the fungus Candida -- at some point in life. If you’ve ever had one, you know what it’s like. Here are the symptoms to look out for to know if you have a yeast infection: As a person’s immune system gets weaker and their CD4 count drops below 350 cells/mL, they become more prone to getting a yeast infection and the infection may be more severe. Since your vagina is sensitive, using perfumed or heavily-scented products might actually be the reason your yeast infection showed up. Your child’s pediatrician will likely prescribe a topical antifungal cream to treat yeast infections of the skin. Fortunately, the symptoms of a yeast infection usually disappear completely with the right treatment. Ask your doctor for more information regarding the differences between a yeast infection and a UTI. Studies show that acidophilus, a bacteria found in yogurt, effectively combats yeast. Top Things To Know The patches can be scraped off with a finger or blunt object and may bleed when scraped. Treating a yeast infection is usually simple and straightforward with over-the-counter or prescription antifungal medication. A slightly erythematous base is visible close to the center of the image, where some of the plaque was scraped off. How are yeast infections treated during pregnancy? Tea tree oil is another promising home remedy for yeast infections. Change out of your swimsuit, workout clothes, or other damp clothes as soon as possible. Wear underwear that helps keep your genital area dry and doesn’t hold in warmth and moisture (cotton is best). An important part of keeping everything in balance is the vaginal pH. What about pregnancy? For regularly updated information on a variety of health topics, please visit familydoctor. When my boyfriend and I were newly dating, I noticed sex felt a bit more painful than normal. • It is caused by a type of fungus called yeast. • These changes make the skin more sensitive and any irritation can provide breeding ground for bacteria and yeast. About This Article If you notice burning inside the vagina, on the vulva, or during sex, it might be yeast. It could be something as simple as a run away script or learning how to better use E-utilities, http: Some studies suggest that the use of pads and tampons, or wearing tight synthetic clothing increases the risk for yeast infections, while other studies suggest there is no link between these and yeast infections (2,5). The symptoms of a UTI are also different from a yeast infection. Nearly 75% of women will get at least one yeast infection in their lifetime. Popular OTC yeast infection tests include the Monistat Complete Care Vaginal Health Test, as well as drugstore brands that you can pick up in places like CVS or Walmart. Got a yeast infection? try these easy home remedies, they didn't really have follow-up cultures. If you think you have a yeast infection, most ob/gyns would recommend you touch base with your doctor, whether over the phone or in person. And what if you have a yeast infection and really, really want to have sex? Most yeast infections clear up within a week when treated correctly. There are alternative approaches to treating a yeast infection. There is more sugar in vaginal secretions on which the yeast can feed, causing an imbalance which results in too much yeast. If needed, your doctor might order a vaginal fluid test. Your doctor can recommend the best treatment for you. How is it treated? Department of Health and Human Services, making this a pretty common issue women grapple with. Now, there’s a few things you can do to prevent it from coming back again in the future. Yeast infection, it’s important to treat yeast infection early, especially if you’re pregnant, so that you can prevent any such complications. It’s important to rule these out, because the treatment for each is different. Some STIs can cause irritation and present with an itchy discharge and a slight odor. There’s no noticeable discharge, but you might see a small amount of blood in your urine. These infections may take weeks to completely treat. But how do you know if you have one? • Yeast infections can come back if not treated correctly. • If you think you might have a yeast infection, but are experiencing symptoms for the first time, it’s a good idea to check in with your health care provider. • If you do get BV, remember you’re not alone. • The infection is caused by candida albicans, a yeast found in the vagina. • The more commonly used drugs include clotrimazole (sold under the brand names Canesten and Clotrimaderm) and miconazole (sold under the brand names Micozole and Monistat). • – taking frequent baths can cause yeast infections because they provide a warm, moist environment for yeast. How To Tell A Yeast Infection Has Gone Then, she can recommend the right treatment depending on what you have. Understanding how to prevent, identify, and treat a yeast infection will help you maintain your health and get you to start feeling back to normal. If you experience any of the following symptoms, ask a healthcare professional before using MONISTAT®, as they could be signs of another type of infection. The standard test for a yeast infection is to look at a vaginal smear under a microscope. Some manufacturers add juices that are tend to have high levels of naturally occurring sugar such as grape juice to some foods. • Always read and follow the label. • This balance can be upset when your immune system is weakened or you are taking antibiotics, which in turn can lead to a yeast infection. They can also lead to depression and feelings of low-self worth in people who experience one yeast infection after another, so a proper diagnosis and treatment are recommended. Natural yeast infection remedies, part 2, even if you have had a yeast infection before, you should still contact your doctor as some common medications are not recommended for use during pregnancy. Vaginal yeast infection symptoms commonly include: Women with poorly controlled blood sugar are at greater risk of yeast infections than women with well-controlled blood sugar. Factors that increase your risk of developing a yeast infection include: Men rarely develop yeast infections, since the penis doesn't provide the warm moist environment in which yeast flourish. But while a vaginal yeast infection doesn’t cause long-term complications, untreated BV can. Infection occurs when too much yeast begins to grow. Other infections such as bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis, gonorrhea, and chlamydia can cause similar symptoms. They will ask you about other symptoms you’re experiencing, such as burning and painful urination. The problem is, no one teaches us the facts! If proven yeast infection treatments aren’t working, see your doctor for a definite diagnosis. This is common and a normal symptom in the second trimester. If yeast infections are not treated fully, they are more likely to return. Brands A-Z Vaginal candidiasis (vulvovaginitis, yeast infection—see Overview of Vaginal Infections) is common, especially among women who are pregnant, have diabetes, or are taking antibiotics. By practicing good genital hygiene and following these 7 guidelines, you can help prevent most (if not all) vaginal yeast infections: For one woman who's really sensitive, a small colonization can cause a lot of itching and burning. For example, if the infection is a different kind, such as bacterial vaginosis (the most common cause of abnormal vaginal discharge), rather than thrush. Living Well If things feel off, they probably are. Yeast infection test If this is your first suspected yeast infection, you’ll want to get a proper diagnosis from a doctor. If you do have a yeast infection, try to abstain from sexual activity until the infection has cleared. How can I prevent yeast infections? So, how's a girl to know the difference between a yeast infection or something else? Scratching the vaginal area can leave open or raw areas. Wearing a wet suit for many hours keeps your genital area warm and moist. First of all, you should know that having a yeast infection doesn’t make you gross or weird; yeast infections are one of the most common things people with vaginas will experience! This is because vaginal infections caused by bacteria, as well as some sexually transmitted infections (STI), may have symptoms very similar to those caused by yeast, but they require different treatments. What is the difference between a Yeast Infection and Bacterial Infection or Bacterial Vaginosis (BV)? The rash can be controlled by frequent changing and, if needed, medicated powders. In more severe cases of infection, your doctor may recommend an extended plan of treatment or lifestyle change. It is not classed as a sexually transmitted infection (STI). Candida is a yeast (a type of fungus) commonly found on the skin and in the body, including the mouth, throat, gut, and vagina. The creams and suppositories in this regimen are oil-based and might weaken latex condoms and diaphragms. While yeast infection symptoms can seem pretty obvious-severe itching, cottage cheese-like discharge-women are actually pretty bad at self-diagnosing the condition.
Quick Answer: How Do You Stop Nerve Pain In Your Tooth? What causes nerve pain in tooth? Causes of Tooth Nerve Pain Causes of nerve pain in teeth that affect the pulp include a cracked, chipped, or broken tooth, tooth decay or infection, a recent tooth filling, and pressure from clenching or grinding your teeth.. What kills tooth pain instantly? How long does it take for an exposed tooth nerve to die? This can vary depending on the extent of the injury or decay. If all of the blood flow has been cut off, the tooth can die in a matter of hours. If, on the other hand, there is still some blood flow getting to the pulp, the tooth could take months or even years to die. What is the best painkiller for tooth nerve pain? What is the best painkiller for toothache?Painkillers – Including ibuprofen and paracetamol offer toothache relief, helping to calm symptoms and alleviate pain. … Pain relieving gel or pastes – Gels such as Orajel can be bought over the counter at your local pharmacy.More items…• Will tooth nerve pain go away on its own? Tooth nerve pain is unlikely to go away completely by itself. For long-term relief, make a dental appointment and discuss your symptoms with your dentist. To treat a cracked tooth he can apply a crown—unless the crack is complex, in which case you may need root canal therapy. How should I sleep with tooth pain? How do you calm an exposed tooth nerve? Emergency dentists suggest that you can chew a piece of sugarless gum and then use it to cover the exposed nerve to give you the temporary relief you need until you can get to the dentist for treatment. Does tooth nerve pain go away? Tooth nerve pain does not typically go away without dental treatment unless it is a tooth engaged in the healing process after dental treatment. How long does nerve pain in tooth last? Nerve damage may be temporary and can take up to 6 months to heal, however in severe cases, the nerve damage after extracting a wisdom tooth can be permanent. How does a dentist kill a nerve in your tooth? A “root canal” is when the dentist removes dead or damaged pulpal nerve tissue from within the tooth. Through the use of oxidative agents, chelating agents, and biocompatible antimicrobials, the tooth is cleaned from the inside. How do you know if a cavity has reached the nerve? How do you get rid of nerve pain in your tooth?
Skip to main content Breaking down arenavirus cell entry Periodic Reporting for period 1 - BRACE (Breaking down arenavirus cell entry) Arenaviruses represent a fast-growing group of hemorrhagic fever viruses that include lethal human pathogens such as Lassa virus, Machupo virus, Junin virus, Guanarito virus, Sabia virus and Lujo virus. Lassa virus is endemic in West Africa causing ~500.000 cases on a yearly basis. The other viruses can cause South American hemorrhagic fever, with cases occurring annually in a constantly expanding endemic region. Lujo virus has been associated with an outbreak of hemorrhagic fever in South Africa. The mortality rate ranges from 15-30%. With the exception of Junin virus, no FDA-approved vaccines are available and with limited alternative therapeutic options, identification of new drug targets for the development of effective antivirals is urgently needed. Infectious diseases continue to be one of the largest contributors to morbidity and mortality in the world today. This is again demonstrated by the 2014 outbreak of Ebola virus in Western Africa, which up until now has caused ~2,000 deaths with many more people being infected. Without effective vaccines and antivirals available, these epidemics will continue to be a significant health problem plus the economic costs of such outbreaks are often out of proportion to their death toll. In addition, the continuing growth of global travel favours the spread of infectious diseases. The efficiency and range of modern transport systems puts people at risk from the emergence of both familiar and new infectious diseases. Therefore it is important to keep searching for new and better targets for antiviral drugs so that we can combat these pathogens. The main goal of this project was to identify new cell entry factors for arenaviruses, with a particular interest in virus receptors. To this end, viral reverse genetics was combined with haploid genetics in human cells, a methodology that has been effectively implemented during the last 4 years to study entry of different viruses. We created a comprehensive overview of host factors that are important for arenavirus entry into cells, resulting in a list of human genes that encode candidate arenavirus receptors. Especially for Lujo virus several cell-surface localized receptor candidates could be identified. Follow-up work lead to the validation of those selected genes by creating knockout cells for each individual gene and determine their susceptibility to infection. Genes that, upon inactivation, caused potent resistance to infection were further studied. The proteins encoded by these genes were expressed and investigated for their ability to bind arenavirus envelope proteins. For the proteins that interacted, the internalization pathway in context of infection was analysed in further detail. All together, this lead to mechanistic insight in arenavirus entry pathways in human cells and pinpointed new targets for much-needed antiviral therapies against some of these hemorrhagic fever viruses. Using the technology described above, we have uncovered many host factors for several arenavirus family members. Most importantly, we have identified, amongst others, a novel, specific cell entry receptor for Lujo virus. These insights provide a novel target for therapeutic intervention. Several different VSVs with different arenavirus glycoproteins were recovered, amplified and tested for their infectivity on HAP1 cells. VSVs with the glycoproteins of GTOV, JUNV, LUJV, MACV were plaque-purified twice and amplified in Vero-E6 cells. Virus stocks were generated that have sufficiently high titres to infect HAP1 cells, thereby enabling their use in genetic screens. For all the viruses that were amplified, appropriate screening conditions were established and large batches of mutagenized cells were generated. Mutagenized cell populations were independently selected with VSV-LUJV, VSV-GTOV, VSV-JUNV, and VSV-MACV and resistant cell populations were obtained. Deep sequencing of the mutations in the resistant cell populations was performed for each individual virus selection. The large datasets from four different virus screens were systematically analysed in order to create an overview of host factors. Several potential receptor candidate genes were identified for all the viruses that were subjected to haploid genetic screening. Especially for LUJV several potential receptor genes could be identified (3 major hits that contain a transmembrane protein [i.e. TMEM30A, CD63 and NRP2]). Knockouts in several different cell lines were created using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing and candidate receptor genes were cloned into mammalian expression vectors, including lentiviral expression cassettes. From these genes, NRP2 could be identified as a bona fide entry receptor for LUJV. Together with NRP2, CD63 (facilitating membrane fusion mediated by the LUJV glycoprotein) was also identified as a potential drug target for anti-LUJV therapy. The entry pathway of LUJV was studied in more detail. Fluorescent versions of NRP2 and CD63 were constructed and placed into cells using lentiviral delivery. After functional conformation, we could show that LUJV viral particles co-localize with CD63 after entry into cells and that the entry pathway is sensitive to drugs that inhibit the vacuolar lysosomal ATPase, indicating that LUJV cell entry is dependent on low pH. Overall, we created a comprehensive overview of LUJV cell entry that is distinct from the entry pathways that are hijacked by other arenaviruses. The LUJV cell entry story was published in Cell Host & Microbe in November 2017. We anticipate that this story will be presented at several different international conferences in the near future. We also anticipate that data generated during The work performed in this project provided insights into the complex cell entry strategies of arenaviruses, especially for Lujo virus. Lujo virus has been so far responsible only for a very limited number of cases of lethal hemorraghic fever, but because its high morbidity and lethality there is a great concern about its possible re-emergence and wider dissemination with a corresponding increase in human cases of Lujo virus-associated disease. Our discovery of NRP2 as an entry receptor for Lujo virus could trigger the development of antivirals/antibodies targeting this receptor requirement and has the potential to limit spread of the disease if the virus would re-emerge. Cell entry pathway of Lujo virus
4 Stenders Quarry Steep dipping hard grey rocks The rock here looks very different from what we have seen so far on the Voyage. The red colour is replaced by grey. Close up the rocks don’t look like sandstone. The rock beds here show the same very steep westward dip as the Wilderness Quarry. Remember, as we travel to the west in the Voyage you move onto younger rocks. The rocks here are called the Avon Group (the old name for them was Lower Limestone Shales) and they are around 50 million years younger than the Brownstones of the Wilderness Quarry. They are called the Avon Group as their reference exposure is located in the Avon Gorge, Bristol. The Stenders (Wilderness Cement Works) Quarry opened in 1894. It closed after World War I (1918) when the German-made machinery could not be repaired. The site is now a Gloucestershire Wildlife Trust Nature Reserve. View north through quarry The now abandoned quarry is quite narrow, but long in a north south direction. Is there a reason for that? The map shows this quarry to be located in the Avon Group, which are mainly limestones. The limestone extracted from this quarry was carried by an overhead tramway to a factory on the opposite side of the road, where it was used to manufacture cement. The only rock the operators of this quarry were interested in was the limestones of the Avon Group, so the quarry developed along the narrow north south outcrop of these rocks. The sea has come in This rock does not look like, or feel like a sandstone. It is hard and if a drop of weak acid is dropped on a clean surface, it fizzes strongly. This chemical reaction indicates the existence of calcium carbonate, that reacts with acid to give off carbon dioxide. These rocks are limestones. They tell of a very different environment from that of the rivers and flood plains of the older Brownstones and Quartz Conglomerate. Sandy rock Up close some of the rock in the quarry has the appearance and texture of a sandstone. These rocks represent a transition from terrestrial (on the land) to marine conditions. Some of the beds are sandstones, others mudstones and impure limestones. The change from terrestrial to marine conditions – a so called transgression by the sea – will happen over millions of years. There will be periods when the marine conditions might retreat (a regression). If you were alive on the Earth at such a time, you would not really notice any change to the coastline and the day to day rise and fall of the tides, it all happens so slowly for ‘human time’. A fossil rich bed. Many of the fossils in this rock from the quarry, are sections of Crinoid stems (the star shapes) and Brachipods. A drop of weak acid reacts with the rock, producing bubbles of carbon dioxide, indicating the presence of calcium carbonate. Crinoids first appeared in the Middle Cambrian (around 500 million years ago) and flourished widely in marine environments before becoming largely extinct in the Permian. Crinoids were marine animals with a long flexible stem anchored to the sea bed (check out ‘then’ for the Avon Group rocks). The top of the stem carried a cup like structure with radiating branching arms used to catch passing creatures. They are often called sea lillies due to their similarity in appearance to lilly plants. The part of their bodies we find most as fossils are sections of the stem. Brachipods are marine animals with a hard shell – which is the part we find fossilised. Brachipods were abundant from around 545 to 248 million years ago. Task Site 4 Questions Which are possible causes of sea level rise? A) melting of ice caps B) increase in size of mid-ocean ridges C) subsidence of land level a) only A b) A and C c) A, B and C d) only C What was the latitude of this region when the rocks here were being deposited ? a) 20′ south of the equator b) 15; north of the equator c) on the equator d) 40′ north of the equator
Question: What Does Optique Mean? What does non optical mean? non-optical(Adjective) That does not involve vision. non-optical(Adjective) That does not use optics.. What is the meaning of optical condition? of, relating to, producing, or involving light. 2. of or relating to the eye or to the sense of sight; optic. 3. (esp of a lens) aiding vision or correcting a visual disorder. What illusion means? something that deceives by producing a false or misleading impression of reality. the state or condition of being deceived; misapprehension. … a perception, as of visual stimuli (optical illusion ), that represents what is perceived in a way different from the way it is in reality. What is a non optical telescope? The electromagnetic spectrum is made up of radiation of all frequencies and wavelengths. Only a tiny range is visible to the human eye. NASA. Beyond the visible spectrum. To see what’s happening in the distant reaches of the spectrum, astronomers use non-optical telescopes. What is an optimal? : most desirable or satisfactory : optimum the optimal use of class time the optimal dosage of medication for a patient conditions for optimal development. What’s the meaning of awon in Yoruba? English to Yoruba Meaning : Those : awon. Pronunciation: Add to Favorite: Those – awon. ← Thoroughfare thou → What is Optique? n a mental position from which things are viewed Synonyms: point de vue Types: angle. a biased way of looking at or presenting something. Type of: point de vue, position. a rationalized mental attitude. What is another word for Optical? What is another word for optical?ocularopticobservedseeableimagedviewableviewedobservablediscernible6 more rows What Geng means? Verb. geng. to form a gang group. What is another word for perception? Some common synonyms of perception are acumen, discernment, discrimination, insight, and penetration. What’s the meaning of set awon? Here is awon meaning in English: adolescent. inspire. interesting.
What Is An IVU Test? What Is The Reason For A Kidney To Be Mildly Rotated? 1 Answers Julii Brainard Profile Julii Brainard answered IVU=Intravenous program test. It's a test for examining the entire urinary tract system: kidneys, bladder, ureters (all the connecting pipes). An IVU test is normally done to look for damage or malfunction. In practice, what it means is the patient drinks a potion with a mildly radioactive dye in it. This shows up well on X-rays. So the patient can be X-rayed subsequently to make sure that fluid is flowing through the urinary tract as it should, there are no blockages or hold-ups. A radioactive dye may sound scary, but the X-rays themselves impose a higher radiation dose. And the benefits of undergoing an IVU test can far outweigh the small risks, given this test can detect problems and allow treatment to potentially life-threatening conditions before other symptoms manifest. As to why a kidney might be rotated...Abnormalities in people's kidneys are fairly common, estimated to be present from birth in about 3% of people. My son and my mom both had kidney abnormalities which does/did not hinder their life in any way. Rotated kidneys are specifically more unusual, and less documented than other kidney oddities. Implications: If surgery were ever required, a surgeon would want to know about the rotation. Also, relevant in terms of evaluation as a potential kidney donor. There is also an elevated risk of a rotated kidney not working as well as it should, but this question mark can be resolved with the IVU test. Answer Question
Since the establishment of formal governance systems, there has been always a concern on the most effective ways of administering people. Actually, the democratic and communal systems, which are currently in use, are a refinement of forms of governance that existed in the past. Although systems of government are bound to keep on changing due to various forms of social and economic progress, the underlying principles on how the society should be administered are static. I Ching’s text, The book of change, which has been translated by John Minford, and Laozi’s book, The Daodeijing of Laozi, which was translated by Philip Ivanhoe, provides insight on ancient views on governorship. This paper compares the views of these two authors and examines their applicability in the current society. The Daodejing (or Dao De Jing abbreviated as DDJ) is an ancient Chinese text that was traditionally regarded as a Daoist classic. One of the major issues discussed in the book is on governance. In particular, Wang notes that the information in the book can help in curing a corrupted government, which is mired with social chaos, self-gratification, and greed. Ivanhoe takes the traditional view that the Daodejing is a book focused on the art of administering and ruling a society. Chapter 20 to 24 of the book, as well as sections of chapter 3 talk on how governments should administer their subjects. Laozi advices rulers not to elevate the quest for treasures or those who are wealthy. He asserts that this method can prevent the emergence of social chaos and greed. Laozi says, (21) and the dismissal of skills and utility as well as the despising of precious goods (22) all have only the purpose of preventing the people’s craving [for fame] and desires [for goods] from being born, but they do not emphasize attacks on their being depraved. Therefore, manifesting simplicity and being unadorned for the benefit of cutting off wisdom and intelligence, reducing egotism (100). Laozi is of the view that people are naturally greedy and competitive. Accordingly, he asserts that rulers should establish an environment that does not promote unnecessary competition, such as by eliminating the quest for acquisition of wealth. Laozi says, Therefore, manifesting simplicity and being unadorned for the benefit of cutting off wisdom and intelligence, reducing egotism and desires for the benefit of discarding skill and profit interests these are all but styles for “emulating the root by way of bringing to rest the stem and branches” [growing from it] (101). From a modern perspective, Laozi’s views do not promote freedoms, such as that of competition. Thus, they can be considered as prohibitive, backward, and ones that prevent social progress. It is worth noting that a society that is not characterized with forms of competition has low productivity and low living standards. Therefore, Wang’s view on the need to eliminate competition is traditional, and does not lead to an increase in social opportunities. In the I Ching’s text, The book of change, Minford translates the poem Hexagram XIX Lin/Approach Kun/Earth above Dui/Lake: Judgement (203-204). This poem is on governance and gives insight about Ching’s view on how an ideal government should function. Just like Laozi, Ching talks about the relationship between rulers and their juniors. Ching uses symbolism to illustrate the relationship between the governed and their masters. In particular, the title of the poem, “Earth above the Lake” symbolizes the domination of superior individuals over their juniors and also the need of having team spirit in governorship. According to Ching, the earth dominates the lake by determining weather patterns and climatic conditions. In practice, this form of domination is similar to the control and influence that seniors have over their juniors. Besides leaders ruling over their juniors, the statement “Earth above Lake” also illustrates of the mutual relationship between members in an organization. Just as member in an organization and their leaders must have high levels of teamwork to succeed, the earth and lake work in perfect harmony by the lake supplying the earth water and the earth forming clouds. In the poem, Ching states, “The Firm penetrates… Firm is Centered (203)” This statements show that leaders should rule and dominate their juniors for them to establish a stable government. Another major issue discussed in the poem is on corruption. The poet says that the elimination of corrupt practices can result in a successful government. Ching writes, “There is Great Fortune in Truth.” The word ‘truth’ in the statement refers to performing various activities in an open and genuine manner, without corruption. An important aspect of having a strong and corrupt free government is shown by its ability to overcome various disasters. Ching further notes, “…any calamity that may happen is always short-lived (204).” Overall, both the original texts of Laozi and Ching note that leaders set the tone of the kind of administration in their community. In particular, these individuals can eliminate corruption in their areas by establishing a strong and firm leadership. Accordingly, these books are great sources of information on how leaders should administer their communities. Works Cited I Ching. The Essential Translation of the Ancient Chinese Oracle and Book of Wisdom. Translated by John Minford, Penguin Publishers, 2015. Laozi. The Daodejing of Laozi. Translated by Philip Ivanhoe, Hackett Classics, 2003.
Minddeft’s Secret Sauce to Creating Industry-Leading Blockchain Products on October 24th,2020 Blockchain is a way in which information is stored. What makes Blockchain a unique system is the way the data is stored. It makes it almost impossible for hackers or cheaters to change the data, which is stored in the form of a Blockchain. Blockchain is nothing but a digital form of a principal book that holds all the performed transactions. This book is then quickly made into multiple copies, and then they are given to all the computers on the network of Blockchain. Every so-called block in the chain holds an extensive list of the transactions which were performed. To make the data consistent across all the users, whenever any new transaction occurs, the information is automatically updated throughout all the ledgers of all the clients in the particular Blockchain. The way the data, instead of being stored in a central server, is being held locally, is called DLT (or Distributed Ledger Technology). Blockchain obviously is a specific type of DLT in which all the transactions that are done are stored so that they are immutable and possess a unique cryptographic signature known as a hash. Such a sophisticated security measure means that if hackers are told to tamper around with the data, they will have to hack their way into the Blockchain and make the same changes in each and every block of the particular change. Not only that, but they will also have to ensure that all the ledgers which are distributed over the network also share the same changes, or else all their efforts would be in vain. Thus, the block with growing size automatically becomes more secure over time, and we, as a Blockchain development company, understand and value security. Our primary focus is to provide an intuitive way for Blockchain development and to make it accessible yet secure for the masses to use. There is no denying the fact that Blockchain being the new guy around the block, is getting all the attention. However, the watch which is received by Blockchain is not all due to its relatively less time in the real world. The real reason will become apparent when a look is taken to the trends emerging in this space. We, as an expert in Blockchain development, have worked on creating numerous industry-leading Blockchain-related applications, and have seen the progress of this tech in real-time. As a result, here’s some of the more widely adopted applications of Blockchain for you to understand: 1. BaaS (or Blockchain as a service): Most of the tech sector giant companies have started to use BaaS and have found a way to integrate Blockchain with their daily, day-to-day functions. A wide variety of startups as well have begun to incorporate Blockchain as a service into their workflow. Blockchain, as a service, is a cloud service. Yes, it entirely depends on the internet. However, it also allows the user to write and code their own products by integrating Blockchain into each one of them. Blockchain as a service also allows the user to create things like the smart form of contracts, Dapps, decentralized apps, or any other app that might not even require the company to set up a working Blockchain solution. 1. Federated Blockchain: There are many types of Blockchain networks. From public, private, hybrid, and federated, any company looking to deploy Blockchain is not lacking in terms of choice. Each one of these types of Blockchain systems has its advantages and disadvantages. In recent times, however, one of them has risen far beyond its counterparts, and hence it has gained the status of the best kind of Blockchain network. Federated Blockchain is that Blockchain network. One might see it as just a mere upgrade from the usual and straightforward Blockchain, but the simplicity works in favor of federated Blockchain. One key advantage of this system is that more than just one organization; in this, the clearance to make changes in the Blockchain nodes lies in multiple parties’ hands. Given the flexible nature of this Blockchain, it is deemed to grow in popularity throughout this year. 1. Blockchain and IoT (Blockchain and Internet of Things): The main concern in any organization dealing with the Internet of Things is security. As it is known that IoT devices mine some sensitive data about the daily activities of any household or company which employs Internet of Things devices to use. Not just that, but the potential of hackers to plant exploit would mean that they will have access, the likes of which they have never seen before. They would be able to control and monitor essentially everything. Once they are into the network via which the IoT devices are functioning, they will gain access to all the devices like laptops and mobile phones hooked up to the system. This means all the personal and professional data is compromised. Yes, such glaring security flaws have always been associated with IoT devices. To cope with the increasing number of attempts at gaining control by the hacker, Blockchain could be easily implemented into the mix. Given the decentralized nature of Blockchain and the significant robustness of an extended Blockchain network, both combined could really give a massive security boost to the Internet of things network. 1. Blockchain with AI (or Artificial intelligence): No one can deny that artificial intelligence is by far the most rapidly growing field in the entire tech community. When we would successfully integrate AI technology with the existing Blockchain technology, we would benefit massively. We at Minddeft solution, which is a leading Blockchain development company, have seen what fruits it bore when these two technologies are combined. It is estimated by the International Data Corporation or the IDC that by the end of 2020, almost 51% of all the business would have opted for a Blockchain and AI combination. The presence of Blockchain technology alongside AI will also help AI become a lot more coherent in nature. Meaning, it would become much easier to understand what is happening behind the scenes in the AI, which is implemented as a particular solution. Not only AI but Blockchain would also benefit from this union. If we see the current trend of the amount of computational power required to do even a fundamental Blockchain task is very massive. AI can help reduce the load very significantly. Check out: Stablecoin Development Company Major Technology Stack for Blockchain Development: We have now seen what all is going on in the tech world in terms of Blockchain. But, all eyes are on us, and what secret is brewing in our kitchen through which we can serve you with such a fantastic Blockchain development platform. This is where you will find the various ingredients together; they form our Blockchain’s secret sauce. So, let us discuss the various enterprise Blockchain solution which we employ to serve you with some hot and tasty Blockchain: Ethereum Network: Ethereum network or also known as just Ethereum, is by far one of the better choices if you would like to have a certain degree of flexibility which is not found in the typical bitcoin environment. This flexibility is added to this network just because of the presence of smart contracts. Smart contracts are another type of program. These programs are written in high-level languages like python or C++ and then made to work in a Blockchain’s distributed ledger system. Here all the smart contracts which are written, they first get compiled in the form of bytecode. This bytecode, which we have found, is then taken into the Ethereum network, and then these programs are made to run. You can see almost all the smart contracts which are present in the Ethereum network are written in the language known as Solidity (This language was just written to create smart contracts). In case the question arises of how the costs incurred during the computation of this entire system are paid for, the answer to that is straightforward. The cryptocurrency known as ether is used to pay for all the costs. We all know that cloud computing is not free. The people who are linked with Ethereum often refer to ether as gas because it would be impossible to create an Ethereum network without the presence of ether. One major problem and why we, as a leading Blockchain development company, do not use this network while building applications like an insurance network because of data privacy. Yes, all the data in this network is shared, and as an insurance company, you would not want this data to fall in the hands of your competitor. We all know what all could happen if your company’s data would reach into the hands of your competitors. We use other networks which are mentioned below to fix this issue of data privacy. Also Read: Blockchain Development Services Corda: Corda saw the daylight when it was created by a company that goes by the name of R3 technologies. R3 tech was founded in the year of 2014, and it was not until the next year until this company and the products they sell became commonplace. The only reason our experts found in their research for this sudden surge in popularity was that an entire consortium of banks had joined with them. In the area in which Ethereum lacked, Corda shines. Corda was made to have a considerable focus on the privacy of the data, which is present in the Blockchain network. It manages this level of abstraction by only giving out information on a need to know basis. Suppose there is a need for an individual component to know about a specific transaction that happened yesterday. In that case, only that single component will get to see the trade details and nothing else. The architecture of the Corda system is based on a very fragmented structure. The entire database, which would contain all the information about all the transactions that have occurred, will not be present to all the Blockchain members. Check out: Cryptocurrency Wallet Development One known benefit of Corda, which we, as a leading Blockchain development company, have seen over our long career in building and doing Blockchain development, has seen that it has a very high performance. This fact should actually come as no surprise because, in Corda, we would not have to store the data of all the transactions with every member of the Blockchain because of which even linear horizontal scalability is not far from being achieved. Another valuable and visible benefit of using Corda is the reduced costs of operations. When we compare it with Ethereum and bitcoin, all the computations related to the data stored had to be done at each and every block of the chain. Now, neither all the data present over the Blockchain network is being held in every possible node, nor is the processing done at each node. It makes Corda an ideal choice for companies to deploy. Also Read: Best Stablecoin Projects Hyperledger Fabric: We have IBM to thank for because IBM is the company that has contributed code for this fabric like a Blockchain system as a part of their open-source coding venture in the year of 2015. They quickly named this project a Hyperledger project. Now, this project falls under the umbrella of the Linux Foundation which, as we know, is an incredible non-profit organization in the sector of open source technologies. The privacy of the data in this fabric, like Blockchain, is achieved with channels’ help. These “channels” allow for very private communication between two or more members present over the network. Suppose we are to take this discussion into a more academic standpoint and think about what Hyperledger conceptually signifies. In that case, we will find that this fabric of a Blockchain is supposed to be implemented as one gigantic channel. In this colossal channel, all the communications which happen privately would just be a subset of it. Each and every subset of the Hyperledger fabric is nothing but a small implementation of a Blockchain itself. So, for any reasonable size of the main fabric, these little private channels would grow rapidly and soon would be out of hand and very difficult to manage. That is perhaps the prime reason we prefer corda over Hyperledger, and in our experience, we have found that most companies are migrating from Hyperledger to Corda. Quorum: We see that this Blockchain solution employs the whole data privacy concept in a different way from all the ones that are mentioned above. In Quorum, there are two separate states in which the public and private data are both stored. In this implementation, we also find the presence of peer to peer encrypted messages. In all technicality, there is no space in Quroum to store private data. So, in practice, only the hash of the confidential data is stored in it In all its essence, Quorum is just another variant of Etherum or, as we geeks, would call it, “fork.” Any updates that the Etherum code base receives will automatically make its way into Quorum’s code. It was because of the investment bank, which goes by the name of JP Morgan and chase, we see the existence of Quorum. The concept of Gas, i.e., ether, is still present in this as well. However, the prices are removed, making Quroum free to use. The reason behind this step is that Qurum does not run on a public network. Major applications: Now is where we explain and delve deeper into the various entities and how we use them to make the famous recipe that is loved and appreciated by many people worldwide. Stablecoins: There are many ways to use stablecoins in our day to the task of Blockchain development. But first, let us understand a bit about stablecoins. There is one major drawback of using any form of cryptocurrency, and that being the instability. You will see the prices of many currencies fluctuating very rapidly from day to day. This bubble nature of these cryptocurrency earns them a massive distrust in the entire tech community. Here is where stablecoins come into the picture to change the game entirely. The word stable should be a colossal tell, but in case it was not clear enough, stablecoins vary significantly less in comparison to other types of online currencies out there. That is why we tend to deal with stablecoins because it gives us a certain level of confidence that tomorrow the price of the currency we have in store would not drop drastically. A general definition of stablecoins would be that it is a type of cryptocurrency which happens to be collateralized to the value of the asset it represents. These assets might depend on the kind of coin used but in general, and these are an excellent alternative to any cryptocurrency. Now, let us see the real-world application of these: It can be used as a day-to-day currency: Yes, because of the dependability factor stablecoins brings into the fold, it can be an excellent alternative to dollars or rupees. If the entire world is to move into using cryptocurrency, it will be because of stablecoins. They are suitable mainly for overseas payments since they hold the same value worldwide. So, let us say that in India, a person receives a stablecoin that was bought by using dollars. Instead of converting the money into rupees and losing a significant chunk of the value in fees, they can just keep the currency and use it like they would a normal rupee. It can help to streamline the entire peer-to-peer payment sector: Because the value of the stablecoin will not change drastically over a period of time, they can be used to enforce smart financial contracts, which can be implemented over some time. Smart contracts are just Blockchain-based contracts that can be enforced without the need of any third party. The transactions are automatic and leave a trace that could then be easily picked up later. Because of all these benefits, one can use them in various ways, and thus stablecoins are precious because they could be the bridge that was needed for a long time in the world of cryptocurrency. It gives a fail-safe if the local currency crashes: Yes, we have all been witnessed to the great economic depression of the early 21st century. In case that happens again, stablecoins could help you shield from that repercussion. The people who have USD-backed, EUR-backed, or even gold-backed stablecoins can quickly change them for usable money and thus help them protect their savings. Also Read: How to create a P2P Lending App Blockchains: We have had an extensive discussion about Blockchains already, and since we are a leading Blockchain development company, we use Blockchains on a daily basis. So below, we have listed some of the real-world application which Blockchains have: Insurance claims: The way the insurance and the claiming of the insurance system works is very complicated. There are many small details which should be very closely monitored, and thus the process of claiming insurance also becomes quite cumbersome. Moreover, the officer in charge of handling claims rarely receives thanks but is subject to many harsh words. This is where Blockchain comes into the picture. There can be two different records that could be maintained, and both could be linked with Blockchain’s help—the addition of Blockchain servers two other purposes. The first one being, providing a ledger that contains all the records in one neat place. The second benefit comes in the form of security. Blockchains are encrypted, and thus tampering with the information is that much more difficult. Cross Border Payments: The sector of cross border payment is a very messy place. It is open to errors, it is costly, and money laundering is straightforward. It also takes a long time for any transaction to happen. Blockchain could help streamline this entire process. It is reducing the overall time taken for the transaction and making the whole process secure. Blockchain in the Music Industry: Now, this might seem like a wild one, but Blockchain could help solve many problems in the music industry as well. The main problem that any music producer faces is ownership rights, the distribution of royalty, and the level of transparency. This sector relies heavily on making money, and in the process, the artists’ rights are usually overlooked. Blockchain could come here as well, in the form of smart contracts. Using smart contracts in the Blockchain could help the artist receive the money they are owed while allowing for a level of transparency which this industry has never seen. Also Read: Different P2P Lending Apps Security Tokens: There is a straightforward definition of the security token, and that is “Any crypto token which passes the Howey test is deemed to be a security token.” Now, what is this howey test? The year 1946 saw a historic decision made by the United States of America’s supreme court. In the case of SEC vs. Howkey. That is why this test is deemed a howkey test. So, the metrics of the test are simple any transaction will be called as an investment if it checks out on the three fronts of It must have an investment of money, The investment which was made must be in a common enterprise, and finally, There should be an expectation of profit from work done by any third party. So, any crypto, which is essentially an investment, is termed as a security token. Now, there can be many use cases in which a security token just fits perfectly. We have listed some of them below: It can help bring some credibility back: In the space of online currency, there is a massive void of accountability that needs to be filled. As the market stands now, there is a lack of regularization, which brings a lot of distrust with it. Security tokens could help bridge the gaping hole and allow legacy financial space and the new crypto space to come close together. It can help in improving the legacy financial space: Normal transactions are quite expensive. Here most of the money goes into paying the many middlemen who are associated with them. The use of a security token can help change this space. Instead of having a baker do everyday chores, smart contracts could be used, which completely eliminates any middle men’s need. It can help make faster transactions: Middlemen not only do they increase the fees we have to pay but also make the transaction occur at a snail’s pace. Since there are no middlemen associated with security tokens, they are a faster and thus more lucrative option for investment of money. Also Read: DeFi Application Development Services Regulations in the Blockchain: It is true that bitcoin gets all of the attention but the underlying technology which powers it is instead left unnoticed. Unlike bitcoin, Blockchain has a variety of uses. One can argue that Blockchain can be used in almost any industry. It definitely has some great benefits and a promising future. But, it is still a very new technology, and thus the rules and regulations surrounding Blockchains are also relatively new. As a leading Blockchain development company, we can attest to the fact that even in the US and Europe, we do not find any consistent rules that could help shape up the way we use this technology. There is no regulatory committee that operates on a world level. It is left at the discretion of the country to decide the course of action they would like to adopt when it comes to dealing with Blockchain and its subsidiaries. The gray area shrouding Blockchain is quite massive. There are some countries that are trying to understand the intricacies to deploy it correctly. At the same time, there are countries that are completely shunning Blockchains entirely. This disparity is also hurting the growth of Blockchain technology. To understand the county vise framework for the regulation of Blockchain and Blockchain-based technology, you could read this article Future of Blockchain: It was March of 2010, which saw the price of each bitcoin to be equivalent to pennies. It rose through the roof with each bitcoin costing about 20,000 USD. The people who saw the potential of this technology in its early stages are now reaping the rewards. It is true that due to monetary reasons, bitcoin will always be a point of discussion. The ubiquity of bitcoin brought its underlying technology (Blockchain) into the limelight. It can be very easily seen from the data surrounding Blockchain that how important it has become. In the span of three years i.e., from 2017 to 2020, the demand for a professional highly skilled in Blockchain technology grew by over a whopping 2,000 percent. Seeing and analyzing data like this, we, a leading Blockchain development company, can safely assess the future and give you an accurate estimate. From the years we have spent in being at the forefront of Blockchain development, we have seen its importance growing firsthand. It is those years that have revealed to us that there are certain parts of Blockchain development that we should emphasize more than the others. We are banking on the list below as the tech stack, which would be leading the development of Blockchain technology. We also would proportionally increase the use of these tech stacks to keep on serving you with the taste you have come to expect from us. DeFi: Defi means Decentralized finance. It acts as an umbrella to all the Blockchain-based subsidiaries, which are geared towards disruption of the status quo. The inspiration from Blockchain is unmistaken. Defi also uses a decentralized system that allows every or several different entities to hold copies of the history of transactions. It becomes increasingly important because it eliminates most of the middlemen involved in the process of transactions. It’s the various applications of defi which made us include this tech stack on this list. Defi can be used in DEXs (or decentralized exchange), creation, and distribution of stablecoins, can act as a wrapper to bitcoin or “wrapped” bitcoin (WTBC), and it can also help in predicting the market. Central bank digital currency: As the name fends for itself, central bank digital currency is actually the digital form of otherwise flat form of currency. So, any transaction in which you use regular currency like USD or INR, you are making use of Central bank digital currency. The benefits of this form of currency are apparent. You are just using the digital version of the paper which you use on the daily. Thus, it has the same level of dependability and the trust which we have come to know from money. It eliminates the glaring fault of reliability, which is present in the form of cryptocurrency. That is the reason why this would lead the sector of Blockchain. In conclusion Being named among the top companies for Blockchain Development, us folks at Minddeft have understood the ins and outs of the working of Blockchain and any related tech or applications. As a result, we understand our client’s requirements to the point and then offer solutions that are sure to meet their needs. If you’d like to know more about our services and expertise, do reach out to us!
The 5 Pillars of Information Assurance For businesses that store or exchange sensitive proprietary or personal data using information networks, the individual machines used in their networks are typically not at great risk; the information inside of them is what needs protection. As network security issues became more prevalent, information assurance (IA) has grown to become an essential professional discipline that is critical to the safety of public and private information. Professionals in this field require a flexible skill set that they can adapt to protect an organization against a range of threats, such as cyber espionage and cyber attacks. The following five pillars of information assurance, according to the Department of Defense Cyber Security Model, are oft-referenced guidelines for maintaining an information system’s safety against manmade and natural threats. Availability means that users can access the data stored in their networks or use services that are featured within those networks. Without easy data access, the system’s users are limited in their ability to access important information or perform critical tasks. Threats to availability are becoming more complex because more of the world’s information is online and vulnerable to hackers. For instance, if a cybercriminal renders an automated car’s operation system inoperable, the car could cause an accident. Businesses have the same risk. If a company’s leaders can’t access important data when making business decisions, the company could lose revenue as a result. IA professionals must know how to avoid threats that could block data availability using tools like firewalls and implement other, more complex security measures. Upholding an information system’s integrity involves keeping its network intact and uncompromised; thus, the primary goal of this pillar is to set up safeguards that deter threats. For example, viruses and malicious code are the most common threats to a system’s integrity. To prevent viruses from deleting or damaging files, IA professionals use antivirus software and other tools to stop them before they enter the computer system. They also develop policies to keep users in their organizations from mishandling data and run penetration testing to simulate system attacks. These tests ensure that their networks are strong; if the IA professionals detect weaknesses, they work to repair and secure the system and protect the integrity of the data therein. Having the right IA rules and practices in place helps keep organizations’ information and systems secure. IA professionals use authentication methods to verify a user’s identity before allowing them to access data. Common authentication methods include a username and password combination, and biometric logins, such as fingerprint scanning recognition. When these authentication systems are compromised, data can be stolen, and information services can be impaired. A high-profile example of an authentication attack occurred in 2011, when hackers managed to use a combination of phishing techniques and malware to take control of a computer being operated by an employee of RSA, a large security company. RSA disclosed that the cyber criminals, once in control, managed to steal several account passwords from the employee, and then used them to gain access to the company’s proprietary systems. With those passwords in hand, the hacker was able to bypass authentication protocols and download sensitive data from the company. The hacker’s entry method was blocked and the vulnerable data secured, but the attack caused RSA lasting damage. While RSA has not disclosed the full extent of the data that was stolen, the company did state that the breach has damaged their reputation and possibly decreased the effectiveness of some of their security products. The RSA attack is an example of a very complex authentication attack, but attackers can also attempt to force their way through authentication systems using simple methods like brute force attacks, which involve using malicious programs to rapidly test thousands or even millions of password combinations until one works. When it comes to combatting attacks like these, it is up to IA professionals to investigate any exploitable flaws that might exist in their authentication systems and take action to eliminate them. Keeping sensitive data private using safeguards like data encryption is an extremely important function of IA professionals. Confidentiality involves protecting private information from disclosure to any unauthorized users, systems, or other entities. Confidentiality must be considered in terms of the data, not just in terms of access or permissions. Only those who are authorized can access the data, the devices or the processes that contain the data. Prioritizing information confidentiality helps companies defend themselves from having their ideas stolen while protecting their customers from the exploitation of their personal information. In early 2018, international shipping giant FedEx discovered that hackers had managed to steal scanned images of approximately 119,000 of its customers’ personal documents, including passports and driver's licenses. Surprisingly, these images were being stored on an unsecured third-party server that has since been closed. According to a statement by FedEx officials, an internal investigation concluded that none of the information had been misappropriated. This was a stroke of luck for FedEx, but this is a compelling example of how a simple mistake can put a large amount of private data at risk. When individuals send information through a network, it is important that the information system be able to provide proof of delivery to confirm that the data was properly transmitted. The same applies to the receiving end—recipients should have confirmation of the sender’s identity. This information, called non-repudiation, is necessary to confirm the individual responsible for processing certain data. Repudiation attacks are not common, but a general example is the manipulation of the access logs on a computer to make it difficult or impossible to identify which user was logged in at a specific time. If a user engages in unauthorized activity during the attack, it would be hard for the organization to determine who was responsible for that activity, limiting their ability to prevent future attacks. Today non-repudiation attacks are rare, but this is due to the work of diligent IA workers who have developed network infrastructure capable of consistently tracking and verifying cross-network data exchanges with minuscule margins of error. Implementing the Five Pillars of Information Assurance Information security analysts use their knowledge of computer systems and networks to defend organizations from cyber threats. They monitor the networks to keep track of any possible security breaches, and they investigate any that they find. Additionally, they are responsible for setting up protective measures within information systems. To ensure that those measures will comply with the five pillars of information assurance, they also conduct penetration tests that simulate attacks so they can identify vulnerabilities real attackers could exploit. In recent years, the information technology and security fields have been rapidly growing due to the increased reliance most industries have on information networks, and, as a result, information security specialists are in high demand. In fact, the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) reported information security analysts across the U.S. earned a remunerative median annual salary of $95,520 in 2017 with a forecasted 28 percent increase in available jobs between 2016 and 2026; that’s an additional 28,500 jobs added to the approximate 100,000 that were available in 2016. While some entry-level positions in cybersecurity require a bachelor’s degree, many IA professionals choose a Master of Science in Cybersecurity degree program because they believe it might give them a competitive edge when competing for jobs, especially executive-level leadership positions in cybersecurity, information assurance or risk management. All of these jobs borrow from the Five Pillars of Information Assurance, which go beyond cyber security and encompass anything that can compromise data, ranging from malicious attacks to power surges. Whatever the issue, information assurance professionals can rely on the Five Pillars to provide a framework for protecting data and users. Learn More Norwich University has been designated as a National Center of Academic Excellence in Cyber Defense by the National Security Agency and Department of Homeland Security. Students enrolled in the online Master of Science in Cybersecurity program can choose from five concentrations that are designed to provide an in-depth examination of policies, procedures, and overall structure of an cybersecurity program. Recommended Reading Understanding Data Loss Prevention Strategies 7 Books on Information Assurance & Cyber Security 7 High-Level Tips to Help Businesses in Protecting Data Pillars of Cyber Security, United States Naval Academy Information Assurance, United States Naval Academy Information Security Analysts, Bureau of Labor Statistics The most infamous data breaches, Techworld Hacking crisis costs EMC reputation in security, Reuters The RSA Hack: How They Did It, The New York Times Article Master of Science in Cybersecurity 0 Norwich University Online July 2nd, 2018 lock over keyboard
Code of Conduct for Staff If you operate a sole proprietorship business where you are the only owner, you are responsible for your own conduct. But when you operate a small company that employs other people, it's important to establish a code of conduct for others to observe. Employee conduct is a concern for many businesses, regardless of size. A code of conduct is a set of rules and guidelines for a group of people, such as the staff at a company, that guides the behaviors and responsibilities of that group. It's commonly drawn up by the person or group of people in control of the group, with consultation from other parties, and then posted in written form, such as in an employee manual, online, or on a bulletin board for public viewing. In many cases, business owners consider this a "living" document—the owner may update the code regularly. When drawing up a code of conduct for staff the business owner has a wide variety of details to consider. The conduct rules range from matters involving employee-to-employee relations to matters guiding how the employee must communicate with customers. It also establishes rules regarding how each employee relates to supervisors and the owner to ensure a respectful relationship. In some cases, the company's code of conduct is equivalent to a code of ethics. A code of ethics specifically guides employee decisions regarding ethical matters that could affect the business. For instance, the company may set a rule that workers cannot discuss confidential company matters after business hours with family or friends. The purpose of a code of conduct is to set standards at the business. It requires the staff members to exhibit acceptable behavior in common circumstances while working at the company. A code of conduct is an indication that the company is thorough, professional, and cares about the well-being and activities of its workers. Beyond the Rules An official code of conduct may have a number of additional sections besides a basic listing of rules. The owner may include a preamble (introduction) to the document that lists the overall purpose, expectations of staff, and mentions the goals of the company. She may also provide a full letter to the staff. The code of conduct may also list disciplinary warnings or procedures to inform staff of the consequences of disobeying the rules. The content varies depending on the type of business and specific duties required of employees. Expert Insight According to the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), a code of conduct should "convey the message that integrity and ethical values of the highest standard are expected from all who serve the institution."
The population of Iceland was 366,130 at the end of the 1st quarter of 2020, 188,040 males and 178,090 females. The population increased by 1,870 from the previous quarter or by 0.5%. Inhabitants of the capital region were 234,400 and 131,730 lived outside the capital region. A total of 1,080 children were born in the 1st quarter and 620 persons died. Net migration was 1,410 persons. Net migration of persons with Icelandic citizenship was negative by 40. Among foreign citizens, net migration was positive by 1,450. More males than females emigrated. The largest group of foreign citizens who emigrated went to Poland Denmark was the most popular destination for Icelandic citizens with 140 persons emigrating in the quarter. Of the 550 Icelandic citizens who emigrated, 260 went to Denmark, Norway or Sweden. The largest group of the 1,170 foreign citizens who emigrated went to Poland (390). Immigrants of Icelandic citizenship came mostly from Denmark, Norway or Sweden, 320 out of 510, while Poland was the country of origin for most of the foreign immigrants, 820 out of 2,620. Lithuania came second with 220 immigrants. Foreign citizens were 50,940 (13.9%) by the end of the 1st quarter 2020. Population, births, deaths and migration in the 1st quarter 2020 Population at the end of the quarter366,130188,040178,090 Population at the start of the quarter364,260186,960177,300 Net migration1,410800610 All numbers are rounded. When greater than 50 to the next 10 and to the next 5 when 50 or less. Due to the rounding, figures may not add up to totals and subtotals. The National Register of Persons is used to calculate the population.
Governors should face re-election in 2020 Right now, in most of the United States, gubernatorial elections aren’t at the same time as presidential elections. Most are in midterm election years; for example, as I write this article in 2018, there are thirty-six gubernatorial elections underway. In 2016, the last presidential election cycle, there were only eleven gubernatorial elections. Image for post Image for post A map of the current gubernatorial election schedules as of 2018. The two governors on biennial election schedules (every two years) have to face presidential election turnout; governors This is bad, because it means most governors are more insulated from public opinion than other elected officials. Presidential elections are when most voters show up to the polls; turnout is lower in midterm elections. Governors who are more insulated from public opinion are less accountable to the public and have more reason to cater to special interest groups over the general interest of the public. This in turn leads to lower approval ratings and higher levels of corruption in the state government — which are clear measures that something has gone wrong. Less public accountability means more corruption Image for post Image for post Convictions counts from “2015: A Banner Year in Illinois Corruption” by Simpson et al., averaged over 1970–2010 populations. Outliers are MT and PA. When we look at corruption on a state by state basis, it seems clear that there is some sort of relationship between corruption and election schedules. The difference between corruption convictions in states with presidential-year gubernatorial elections (n=11) and states without (n=39) is fairly significant (p=0.021). Some of the states most notorious for corruption problems, including Louisiana and New Jersey, are among the states with odd-year gubernatorial elections. Why should a governor being elected in lower-turnout years mean more corruption? Higher-turnout elections involve more public scrutiny — more information getting out to voters, better news coverage, and more spending. The larger number of voters dilutes the impact of special interest groups at the ballot box. The same is true for any other thing meant to affect an election result: Donating a thousand dollars, stuffing a hundred extra ballots into the ballot box, giving a public endorsement, or directing news coverage towards a candidate all have a smaller effect on a larger election. More unpopular governors A basic truism of democracy is that higher voter turnout is better. This is the basic idea behind democracy: The people will elect someone who is going to solve the problems they are concerned with. Image for post Image for post These graphics are based on the data on gubernatorial approval ratings published by Morning Consult. The difference is significant at a p < 0.00001 level. Approval ratings measure how satisfied the electorate is with the person they elected. Voters in states that don’t elect governors during presidential years are less likely to think their governor is doing a good job, and more likely to think their governor is doing a bad job. This is a large and significant difference, and it can’t be explained away with partisan effects. It’s hard to know how much of this is due to governors making unpopular decisions, how much is due to increased levels of corruption, and how much is simply due to less popular candidates being elected, but it’s easy to see the effect. From more public accountability to less Corruption and low approval ratings are both tied to election schedules that reduce public accountability. Unfortunately, the long-term trend over the past hundred years has been towards those election schedules, particularly in the period from 1960 to 1988. Governors used to be more accountable to voters at large. As recently as 1960, a majority of states had gubernatorial elections during presidential election years. By 1988, fewer than a quarter of all states did. Today, only eleven out of fifty states hold gubernatorial elections during presidential election years. Image for post Image for post Gubernatorial elections schedules as of 1960. (Alaska and Hawaii were not yet states.) The shift has been coupled with a gradual increase in the average length of a governor’s term in office. It’s not clear that changes to a midterm schedule was intended to insulate the governor from public accountability, but they have clearly had that effect. Why not let the governors be independent from the swings of national politics? One of the two most common defenses of the practice of shifting state and local elections away from the federal election schedule is to insulate local issues from the whims and wild swings of national politics. (The other is the elitist, and ultimately anti-democratic, contention that lower turnout in a democratic election is a good thing.) Image for post Image for post 1993–2017 gubernatorial elections. The green peak in the middle shows that the states with presidential year elections have less swingy gubernatorial elections. There are two problems with this argument. One is that federal, state, and local governments aren’t independent political systems. The second problem is that whims and wild swings have much more of an effect on low-turnout elections, not high turnout elections. The voters who turn up to vote in midterm elections pay attention to national politics. Since they pay attention to national politics, and are likely to be motivated by shifts in national politics, the opposite effect is more visible. States whose governors are on a presidential election schedule are on a much more even keel from year to year, while national political factors play a larger role in gubernatorial races in midterm elections. (E.g., as very clearly happened in 2006 and 2010.) Plainly, putting a gubernatorial election in a midterm year does not shield it from national politics or sudden shifts in voting patterns. What it does is lower turnout, and that makes the election more affected by almost any external factor, including national politics. What should be done? First, this is a widespread problem, but not a problem for every state. If you live in a state with a good gubernatorial election schedule, like North Carolina, it’s worth protecting that feature of your state’s system of government if you hear about an effort to change it. Second, state election systems are a lot easier to change than national election systems. State laws — even state constitutional amendments — are far easier to change than the federal constitution, and state legislatures are pretty responsive to citizens in many states. This is easier to fix than the Electoral College. Third, how elections work is important, and what I’ve talked about here doesn’t just apply to governors. As a general principle, we should be trying to consolidate the election calendar. Unfortunately, the trend in the opposite direction isn’t limited to governors, either; state and local officials have been slowly spreading out state and local elections in a way that drives down turnout. Dr. Tomas McIntee is a mathematician and occasional social scientist with stray degrees in physics and philosophy. Get the Medium app
Weather on order A new technology could render weather forecasts redundant Published: Wednesday 15 November 2000 -- (Credit: Photographs: NOAA)ever since humans learnt to walk upright, they have made a conscious effort to gain control over all the things that affect them. From domesticating wild beasts millions of years ago, to decoding the complexities of the human genome this century, an insatiable urge to play God has always facinated humans. Yet the one thing that has still not been clearly understood, let alone be tamed, is Nature. Every time humans thought they had deciphered nature's ways, it has, in its myriad manifestations, come up with even greater challenges, more furious than ever. No wonder ancient civilizations worshipped the power of nature, building temples to appease the elements and more or less submitting in reverence. One school of scientists, however, has not given up searching for ways to tame this 'beast'. They are known as the 'weather makers' -- people who have dabbled in cloud seeding to make rain, in hurricane mitigation and in various other means of making weather obey orders. Such research is no doubt expensive and for that very reason only few countries -- and that too only the developed ones -- are known to have started programmes to research what is called weather modification ( wm ). And more often than not, it is the armed forces that have been given the prerogative to conduct such research. However, like most military operations, a veil of secrecy envelopes the wm research also. Perhaps the only give away was the us Air Force-sponsored project called Stormfury, which attempted active intervention in severe weather in 1983. Stormfury tried killing hurricanes by extensive cloud seeding of their walls using sophisticated airborne equipment but was discontinued as it proved not feasible It is claimed that hurricane Debbie, which struck the us between August 18-20 in 1969, was seeded as a part of Project Stormfury where heavy doses of silver-oxide were dropped into the hurricane clouds. The maximum measured wind speeds in the hurricane dropped by 31 to 15 per cent on the two seeded days. But on the 19th, the day between the two flights, the storm reportedly intensified. For a while the world was fooled into believing that only mad scientists thought of handling Nature. But in 1976 when the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution prohibiting the hostile use of environmental modification techniques, the realisation that wm was indeed possible dawned upon people across the globe. That was 24 years ago and still not a single country is prepared to accept that it knows how to carry out wm , let alone the fact that some of them have actual facilities to do so. However, one scientist has taken the brave step, at an overbearing risk of being laughed out of business, to come up with a such a theory. Bernard J Eastlund who spent eight years managing research programmes for controlled thermonuclear research for the us atomic energy commission and holds various patents for wm technologies, has come up with a theory that just might tame tornadoes. According to Eastlund, tornadoes are formed during violent thunderstorms when warm humid air rises from the Earth's surface through an upper layer of cooler air, cooling down as it rushes through. As the air cools, its moisture gets condensed and now cold and heavy with rain this air once again falls down wrapping itself up until it forms into a tornado. However, all thunderstorms do not give rise to tornadoes and for a 'mesocyclone' as Eastlund prefers to call them, to be transformed into a raging tornado, downward motion of columns of rain need to transfer a portion of their energy into rotational motion, which is partly influenced by the Earth's rotation. It is this downward draft of cold moisture laden air that Eastlund proposes to blast. A beam of microwaves could heat up this rainy column and disrupt the transfer of energy, thus killing the possibility of any tornado being formed. The beam of electromagnetic radiation could also absorb the rain that forms a part in formation of tornadoes in a mesocyclone. One way to achieve this is through solar power satellites. A billion watts of energy reflected from the solar panels could be quite adequate. However, this would require accurate numerical modelling and data that would then have to be analysed and fed into an array of satellites in geosynchronous (aligned to the Earth's rotation) orbit over the affected area which would then zap the rain column using a specially tuned microwave pulse beam. In order to prove his theory, Eastlund took the help of some scientists at the Centre for Analysis and Prediction of Storms at the University of Oklahoma, usa . "We used the Advanced Regional Prediction System ( arps ) to carry out some numerical simulations in which a mesocyclone is heated with microwaves. The tornado forming region was completely eliminated in these simulations," an enthusiastic Eastlund told Down To Earth (see interview). The Thunderstorm Solar Power Satellite concept focuses on smaller storm systems and on the fine structure of such systems in the hope of identifying lower energy and power requirements for mitigation. "I believe the principal has been established and once the scientific community turns its attention, without fear to the science of weather modification, other methods would be found for favourably controlling weather," he adds. Reported by Amit Shanker Subscribe to Weekly Newsletter :
Peled Migraine Surgery Blog Information and knowledge about migraine relief surgery. An interesting thought occurred to me the other day as I was finishing up a particular headache surgical procedure. Something that has come up over the years is that patients tell me that their headaches are worse when they are sick with the cold, flu or some other such issue. I have been pondering why this symptom change might be taking place for a long time. As with many of my blog posts, there are several possible causes for this phenomenon in my opinion and so I have decided to delineate these possibilities below. One reason is that people who are sick are often more stressed either because of or as a cause of their illness. It is considered reasonable that stress, of whatever type, can weaken the immune system and thus mitigate the body’s ability to fight various pathogens. These pathogens can cause all manner of irritation and inflammation in various tissues such as muscles hence the muscle discomfort with the flu, for example. If one type of tissue is irritated, the surrounding tissues might suffer the same fate. In addition, when we are stressed, our blood pressure often rises. Since many of the nerves which we address during our operations are compressed by surrounding blood vessels, it follows that when these vessels beat harder (i.e. during a period of relative hypertension) the nerves which are already irritated may become even more so. But another, third thing happens during an infectious scenario, one to which most people can also relate. Have you ever felt your neck when you feel you have a sore throat or the sniffles? If so, you have probably noticed that the lymph nodes in the area are swollen and often tender. That is because these lymph nodes are the factories for pathogen-fighting cells and they ramp up production (hence swell) when you are sick. As I was dissecting this person’s greater occipital and lesser occipital nerves, I noticed several enlarged lymph nodes located within the already crowded spaces through which these nerves passed. Bear in mind that we don’t operate on people who are sick so these nodes were particularly enlarged given that fact alone. The nodes were further compressing these poor nerves which were already pressured by the surrounding blood vessels and scarred connective tissue. I could only imagine what occurs to these nerves if that person were to contract the flu. Those nodes would surely swell, sometimes quite dramatically and place even further pressure in the area causing even further pain. With pain comes higher blood pressure, hence more compression and so begins the upward spiral. One recurring question from patients is, “What is compressing my nerves?” The answer used to be possibly spastic muscle, tight/scarred connective tissue, enlarged or aberrant blood vessels. It now also includes abnormally large and/or poorly localized lymph nodes. Happily these nodes can be removed carefully and selectively to further relieve pressure during a decompression procedure and many of the patients in whom this lymph node removal was necessary have gone on to do quite well. Finally, none of the nodes which I have biopsied to date have revealed any evidence for malignancy or other pathology, further happily capping a saga that has resulted in many positive outcomes. Peripheral Nerve Surgery For Your Migraines Related Posts Monday 9:00 am - 5:00 pm tuesday 9:00 am - 5:00 pm wednesday 9:00 am - 5.00 pm thursday 9:00 am - 5:00 pm friday 9:00 am - 5:00 pm Open Map • 415-751-0583 • 415-751-6814 Open Map • 925-933-5700 • 415-751-6814
Search Menu NASA Begins Work on WFIRST Telescope, a Hubble Cousin Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Comments GREENBELT, Md., Jan. 22, 2018 — NASA is beginning to design a space telescope that will provide the largest picture of the universe ever seen with the same depth and clarity as the Hubble Space Telescope. Scheduled to launch in the mid-2020s, the Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope (WFIRST) will function as Hubble's wide-eyed cousin. While just as sensitive as Hubble's cameras, WFIRST's 300-MP wide-field instrument will image a sky area 100× larger. A single WFIRST image will hold the equivalent detail of 100 pictures from Hubble. "A picture from Hubble is a nice poster on the wall, while a WFIRST image will cover the entire wall of your house," said David Spergel, co-chair of the WFIRST science working group and the Charles A. Young Professor of Astronomy at Princeton University in New Jersey. The mission's wide field of view will allow it to generate never-before-seen big pictures of the universe, which will help astronomers explore some of the greatest mysteries of the cosmos, including why the expansion of the universe seems to be accelerating. One possible explanation for this speed-up is dark energy, an unexplained pressure that currently makes up 68 percent of the total content of the cosmos and may have been changing over the history of the universe. Another possibility is that this apparent cosmic acceleration points to the breakdown of Einstein's general theory of relativity across large swaths of the universe. WFIRST will have the power to test both of these ideas. To learn more about dark energy, WFIRST will use its powerful 2.4-m mirror and wide-field instrument to map how matter is structured and distributed throughout the cosmos and measure how the universe has expanded over time. In the process, the mission will study galaxies across cosmic time, from the present back to when the universe was only half a billion years old, or about 4 percent of its current age. "To understand how the universe evolved from a hot, uniform gas into stars, planets and people, we need to study the beginnings of that process by looking at the early days of the universe," said WFIRST project scientist Jeffrey Kruk at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center. "We've learned much from other wide-area surveys, but WFIRST's will be the most sensitive and give us our farthest look back in time." WFIRST will do this through multiple observational strategies, including surveys of exploding stars called supernovae and galaxy clusters, and mapping out the distribution of galaxies in three dimensions. Measuring the brightness and distances of supernovae provided the first evidence for the presence of dark energy. WFIRST will extend these studies to greater distances to measure how dark energy's influence increased over time. WFIRST will serve as an important tool for the science community through its General Observer and archival data analysis programs. All data will be publicly available immediately after processing and delivery to the archive. Also, by submitting proposals through the competitive program, scientists around the world will be able to use the observatory to study the cosmos in their own way, from the nearest exoplanets out to clusters of distant galaxies. The mission will complement other missions expected to operate in the next decade, notably the James Webb Space Telescope, scheduled to launch in 2019. Webb provides a detailed look at rare and interesting objects, while WFIRST will take a wide look at the universe. WFIRST will also complement new ground-based observatories such as the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) currently in development. By combining data from WFIRST and LSST, scientists will be able to view the universe in nine different wavelengths, data that will provide the most detailed wide-angle view of the universe to date. By pioneering an array of innovative technologies, WFIRST will serve as a multipurpose mission, furnishing a big picture of the universe and helping us answer some of the most profound questions in astrophysics, such as how the universe evolved into what we see today, its ultimate fate and whether we are alone. "By building this telescope, we're enabling a wealth of science and the capability to address those kinds of questions," Spergel said. "It's deeply interesting not only to scientists, but anyone who looks up at the sky and wonders." Jan 2018 Businessaerospaceresearch and developmentNASAWFIRSTWide Field Infrared Survey TelescopeopticsAmericas back to top Facebook Twitter Instagram LinkedIn YouTube RSS Photonics Media, Laurin Publishing
New User posted their first comment Conduit Minecraft A conduit is a beacon-like block that gives power to the conduit and threatens underwater hostile mobs. When triggered, conduits offer the "Conduit Power" effect within a spherical range of 32-96 blocks to all players in contact with rain or water. This results in oxygen restoration, provides night vision underwater, and increases the speed of underwater mining. Conduits can often kill any violent mobs within a radius of 8 blocks, such as drowned and guardians. Conduits can be triggered in any biome and at any height or depth. For every seven blocks in the frame, the effective radius of the conduit is 16 blocks, but the effect does not trigger until the construction contains a minimum of 16 blocks. It can therefore expand to 48 blocks with 21 blocks, 64 blocks with 28 blocks, 80 blocks with 35, and 96 blocks with a full-frame of 42 blocks. StackableYes (64) Tool to minePickaxe Blast resistance3 LuminantYes (15) Catches fire from the lavaNo How to get a conduit in Minecraft? Required Materials: - 8 Shells - 1 Heart of the Sea The game features shipwrecks, which are structures filled with assorted treasures, goodies, and a treasure map on a terrain map that shows a red X marking the nearby treasure. Players must follow this map and begin digging, primarily on coastlines. They must continue their hunt for treasure until they find the Heart of the Sea. Feeding raw cod or raw salmon to a dolphin causes the dolphin to swim toward the nearest buried treasure, shipwreck, or ocean ruins. As for Nautilus shells, they can be rarely obtained as a treasured item from fishing. The drop chances of nautilus shells slightly increase with each level of Luck of the Sea on the player's fishing rod. Wandering traders can trade you the shells for 5 emeralds apiece. Shells can also be dropped by Drowned upon being killed. Once you have the materials follow the crafting recipe: Open the crafting table: Open your crafting table to begin crafting a Conduit with the obtained ingredients contained in your inventory. Once you open your crafting table you will have the 3x3 crafting grid similar to the picture below: Crafting UI in Minecraft Place the shells: 8 Shells will be placed completing the entire grid except for the cell in the center of the grid. This means that the first and last row will be filled, and the second row will contain 2 Nautilus shells. Placing Shell in Crafting UI to make Conduit Place Heart of the Sea: The only thing that’s left placing in the grid is the Heart of the Sea. It will be positioned in the center cell and doing this will cause the conduit to be produced. Placing the heart of sea in Crafting UI How do you activate a conduit in Minecraft? To activate a Conduit, you need the conduit itself and Prismarine blocks. If the player doesn't already have a guardian farm, Prismarine can be most difficult to acquire. Prismarine or its crafting material origins come from ocean monuments and remains of the ocean. The top two layers nearest to the ocean surface produce 16 prismarine blocks and 4 sea lanterns. To activate a conduit, you only need 16 Prismarine blocks to construct the most minimal activation frame. The only way to break the monument structure with elder guardians in the way is to detonate TNT. When the TNT explodes, it destroys some of the prismarine and leaves some items. Without the aid of a gravity block, TNT damages mobs without destroying underwater blocks. Build a Conduit Activation Frame: Choose the location: Choose a location underwater where you would like the conduit to be. Keeping in mind the effects of Conduit activation and where a player might need it the most, a player should decide its placement. Build the base: Once you have decided on the place craft a base from 9 blocks, placed to form a cross. One block will be placed in the center, with 2 block lengths extending from each of its sides. The picture contains different blocks of Prismarine, but having different blocks isn’t a requirement as any Prismarine block will suffice. Building base with Conduit Make the pillars: To each end of the base, add a four-block pillar. This builds the simplest frame for a conduit. It can be extended until you get to the limit of 42 blocks where it can retaliate against hostile ocean mobs too. For each 7 Prismarine blocks added, the range of the conduit extends to 16 blocks. The pillars will take 4 blocks each, with a total of 16 blocks placed. Making Pillars in Minecraft with Conduit Finish the frame: Joining the pillars together in a similar fashion to the base below will complete the top Conduit activation frame. This will cost you 5 Prismarine blocks. Finishing the Conduit Frame Add a middle layer: The last part in the construction of the frame is to join the pillars halfway to the top. Players will have to add one block each on the sides of the pillars and join them at the intersection. It will cost 3 blocks at each side of the frame, with 4 sides resulting in a total of 12 blocks. Adding a middle layer in Minecraft Conduit Frame Place the conduit: Even though a conduit usually floats when active, it cannot be placed on “nothing”. Therefore, a temporary block has to be placed on the base of the frame, and the conduit atop of that block. Once the conduit in place, remove the block from underneath. The conduit will be triggered. An animation displaying swirling particles around it will follow once it is activated. Players in the area will be affected: Now, all players near this structure will be given the Conduit Power status effect. How rare are nautilus shells in Minecraft? The odds of receiving a nautilus shell from fishing with an unenchanted rod are 0.7%, so you have to spend a lot of time fishing. Drowned have an 8% chance to spawn holding a nautilus shell in BE and 3% in Java Edition. A wandering trader can spawn anywhere after one in-game day and has a chance of offering a nautilus shell as one of their trades. Due to harder obtaining methods than most items, these shells can be considered relatively rare. Do conduits kill mobs? Conduits do not kill mobs in an instant but continue damaging them every two seconds if they are in range and if the conduit is fully activated, which requires a frame of 42 blocks surrounding it. Will conduits kill guardians? It is possible to use full-stand conduits to kill guardians, however, the guardian must be 8 blocks from the conduit itself, and the conduit must be in the water. Do conduits kill elder guardians? If a hostile mob goes toward a fully framed conduit, it will take two hearts of damage every two seconds within a range of the conduit so it will damage the elder guardians but only within range will it be able to do so. Did You Know? 1. When it is activated, the conduit displays the heart of the sea's texture in the center of its model. However, when the conduit is fully activated the heart opens like an orange eye. 1. The achievement obtained by activating a conduit refers to the system of whirlpools in Nordland county, Norway. 1. Conduits are one of the few blocks in Minecraft to be able to automatically deal damage to Mobs. The other blocks are Cacti, Anvils, and Lava. Other Minecraft Wikis Baby Mobs Minecraft Compass Respawn Anchor Minecraft Shulker Minecraft Ghosts Minecraft Blocks Minecraft Crop Farming Minecraft Ravagers Minecraft Silverfish Minecraft Cave Update Minecraft Cat Minecraft Hopper Minecraft Lantern Fetching more content... 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Vaccines Need To Be Cheap And Accessible Worldwide Vaccine development typically takes years of research, design, and trial. For Covid-19 vaccines, pharmaceutical companies took only months to receive emergency use authorization from the Food and Drug Administration. This rapid development should be applauded, but the next steps are equally crucial. These vaccines need to be affordable and accessible, not just in the United States, but globally. As one of the world’s wealthiest countries, the US should do its part to ensure we achieve worldwide vaccination. Worldwide vaccination requires all countries receiving the vaccines they need. We need a sort of vaccine equity. Countries shouldn’t get more vaccines than they need, and all countries should receive what they require. Some countries like Canada and Germany are ordering as many as eight times more vaccines than people. This means poorer countries in Africa, South America, and Asia may not receive that surplus. Sharon Lerner of The Intercept calls this vaccine apartheid. “It’s already clear that the majority of countries will not have enough, while rich countries are hoarding vaccine supplies.” We cannot allow vaccine hoarding and unnecessary death in developing nations. Read the full article on Forbes. © William A. Haseltine, PhD. All Rights Reserved.
There are two main types of projector that you can use at home, office or even in the classroom, which can help you project images onto a screen. These are the LCD projector and the DLP projector. However, despite LCD and DLP having a similar output in terms of projected image, there are particular differences, which set them apart. Liquid Crystal Display or the LCD projector such as an Epson projector, has the ability to produce a series of images when it projects light through three different colored filter glass panels of blue, green and red. Advantages of LCD Projectors • This type of projector like the Epson LCD projector, tends to have a greater contrast ratio because of their inorganic panels and iris technology. best lcd projector reviews • The image clarity they produce is much better as their pixel structure is much greater so the quality of image that you get with an LCD projector is significantly better than you would find on a DLP projector where a separation of colors or rainbow flares can cause issues in movies and videos where the frames can move rapidly. • LCD projectors also consume less power, as the bulbs that they use are a lower wattage than DLP projectors utilize. • DLP projectors are much more complex to install than the LCD counterparts. DLP or Digital Light Processing is a digital processing technology developed by the American company, Texas Instruments. In contrast to LCD, it works by producing a projected image that is then sent to thousands of very small digital micro devices or tiny mirrors, which are found within the processor. lcd projector use for classroom Advantages of DLP projectors • A DLP projector is much lighter than an LCD counterpart, with DLP projectors weighing as little 3lbs but still able to produce as much output. • DLP is able to get much more clarity with black pixels as blacks are often portrayed as a lighter shade of grey with LCD projectors. • You will find that the organic panels of an LCD projector are much more liable to degrade after being around heat for long periods of time. As a result, images are much more likely to discolor and reduce in contrast. Both types of projectors are used in many types of environments and preferred by different people groups, with both LCD projectors and their DLP counterparts constantly evolving with technological advances. In order to help you choose between an DLP vs LCD projector, it is worth reading good DLP and LCD projector reviews to get an idea of which is the best type for your needs.
Treatment Of The Meniere’s disease Treatment Of The Meniere’s disease Meniere’s disease is a sort of a condition with vertigo, tinnitus (buzzing, ringing, and noises in the ears) and deafness. This disease is said to have been caused by a dysfunction of the endolymphatic sac which in simple terms is known as the semi-circular canals which are located in the inner ear and it is also known as labyrinth. Treatment Of The Meniere's diseaseMenieres Disease Symptoms: Menieres Disease has three basic symptoms. However, the symptoms may differ from person to person, the common denominators usually are: • Vertigo: This symptom is the result of excessive fluid accumulation in the inner ear which is a very unpredictable and terrifying symptom of the disease. • Partial Hearing Loss: This symptom can be experienced in either one or both ears or that too with low-toned sounds. • Tinnitus: It is s symptom caused by the A ringing sensation on one or both ears. Why do people get Ménière’s disease? There are lots of theories which exist as to what causes Ménière’s disease. However, there are no definite answers available. There people who are of the opinion that Ménière’s disease can be caused by constrictions in the blood vessels very much like that cause migraine headaches. Since the disease which appears to run in the families. This disease can also be caused by genetic variations which are enough to cause abnormalities in the regulation of endolymph fluid or the volume of hearing. What is the diagnosis for the Ménière’s disease? It is the otolaryngologist who will diagnose the Ménière’s disease. He is also commonly known as the nose, ear, and throat doctor, or the ENT doctor. However, there is no single test or symptom which the otolaryngologist can utilize in order to make a proper diagnosis. The diagnosis will be based on your medical history and the presence of: • Two or more symptoms of vertigo lasting for at least twenty minutes each • Temporary hearing loss • There is a feeling of fullness in the ear Stem cell therapy treatment: We can consider the Stem cell therapy as the utilization of stem cells in the Meniere’s disease treatment or condition. They are also regarded as cells that can develop into many different or specialized cell types. The Stem Cells Therapy for Meniere’s disease is the process of involving bone marrow transplant that has been in vogue many years. A lot of success has been reported in the re-growing of the cochlea hair cells due to the use of the embryonic stem cells. This treatment has managed to give a new life to people suffering from Meniere’s disease Treatment Of The Meniere’s disease
What Is Respiratory Acidosis? By james Reviewed: Dr. Gromatzky Article Sources Article Sources Medical Expert Medical Expert It is very important to keep our lungs and the rest of our respiratory system in good working order. This is one reason why regular exercise is recommended – it helps to keep the cardiovascular system strong and healthy. Things can still go wrong, however, even when due care is taken. Respiratory acidosis is a condition that is caused when the respiratory system is unable to function as well as it usually would. It will be mild in some cases, while it can be very serious in others. Here is a closer look at respiratory acidosis, what can cause it, and what the symptoms and treatment are. 1. Respiratory Acidosis Every time that we breathe in, we intake a load of oxygen that is essential for us. When we exhale, we breathe out the unused air along with some other gases that are waste products of our body’s metabolism. The main waste gas we emit is carbon dioxide (CO2). Some people will find that they are unable to remove as much carbon dioxide from the body as they need to in a condition known as Respiratory acidosis. Increased levels of CO2 will cause our blood to become increasingly acidic, and this can cause problems for us. It can be life-threatening in some cases. Respiratory Acidosis Home \| Privacy Policy \| Editorial \| \| About Us
Share This Post Share on facebook Share on linkedin Share on twitter Share on email Share on whatsapp Travelling is always an insightful experience because you are exposed to cultures and norms different from what you are used to everyday and its important to learn ways to be respectful in a foreign country. Every country has their own culture and sometimes multiple cultures may exist in one particular country. It is advisable to understand a little bit of the cultures and traditions in any country you plan to visit to avoid culture shock. You should make researches on what is okay and what’s not. Some things that may seem normal to you can be absurd in a different country. Do you know that in Quebec, kissing on the check is a common greeting? But in Nigeria,it is a very uncommon way of greeting. You should keep some certain things private if they are illegal where you are visiting like having a particular sexual preference or showing public display of affection. Other ways to be respectful in a foreign country also includes you to be polite at all times, avoid judging people, be quick to apologize and use social niceties such as please, thank you, you are welcome and always smile when talking to people. Abide by important cultural rules like complying with the dress codes which may include pulling your shoes at times or covering your shoulder or hair. This will enable you to easily integrate with the local community and have a fun-filled experience. Here are some practical ways to be respectful in any country and ensure you don’t offend anyone during your stay. 1. Research their cultures, norms and values Before embarking on your trip, you can go online to search for information regarding the country you are visiting as alot of information can now be obtained online. You will need to know about things like the language, dressing, religion, food, bargaining, folklore etc. For instance in Kenya, when greeting an older person or someone with a higher status, you have to grip their right wrist with your left hand to show a sign of respect unlike in Germany where handshakes are firm and people are always referred to using a title like ‘Mr’ or ‘Mrs’, followed by their surname. There are some gestures you may need to be aware of that mean a different thing from what you know like nodding to mean ‘NO’ in Bulgaria. It is impossible though to learn all the rules for etiquette and manners for where you are visiting but you should get the barest minimum information possible. 1. Ask before you take that picture It is rude to take pictures of someone without their knowledge. Some locals are happy to take a shot with you or for you to take their picture but it is always appropriate to ask first. I am sure you will not be happy if going about your everyday life and then find out someone is pointing a camera at you. Cameras are also forbidden in some locations so before you take that picture, ensure it is okay to do so. Some of these places are sacred or off limits and you should play by their rules. Places like inside the Taj Mahal in India, some parts of Musée d’Orsay Museum in Paris or the embalmed bodies of the former North Korean heads of states in the Kumsusan Palace of the Sun. These rules are usually in place to preserve the artifact or historical sites. 1. Mind your surroundings When on holiday, sometimes it’s easy to get carried away and forget that other people around you are just going about their daily and usual routine. You should always be aware of your surroundings and avoid getting in the way of locals living their normal life. A common example is getting lost while driving and require consulting your map or asking for directions to your destination, what you should do is find a good spot to park your vehicle properly and avoid obstructing vehicular traffic or if on a sidewalk, especially crowded ones, you should properly step aside to allow free human movement before seeking assistance from the locals. Be environmentally responsible, like avoiding putting up graffiti on walls or throwing trash by the road side. Some countries have very systematic and precise separation and disposal of garbage so you should follow their rules and properly dispose yours accordingly. Do not jump queues or waste too much time on them. 1. Keep an open mind They say “when in Rome, behave like the Romans”. Don’t be consumed with your own habits and beliefs perceiving anything that is different to be wrong. When you see something you do not approve of, it is better to keep your opinion to yourself. What you voice out can be upsetting to some people. You should rather be an objective observer because there is so much to learn and understand from different cultures. Look out for what is done differently from your culture and if possible, ask why it is done that way. There is always an interesting history or story behind every tradition. Learn a few phrases in the local language. It will be exciting to have something to share with those at home on what people do differently and why they do them. 1. Represent your country positively Just because it may seem okay to abuse your leaders in your country and you get away with it, it does not mean you should do same in a foreign country. People generally respect those that hold high opinions of where they are coming from. You do not want people joining you in making fun of your country. Perceptions about your country can be formed from your interactions with the locals. Portray your country in a good light, you never know who will be attracted in visiting your country by how you made them see it. If there are certain slangs that are okay in your country, check that using it in a foreign land is not rude or insulting. Don’t be afraid to be a tourist. It is impossible to know everything about the country you are visiting. Sometimes, you may unintentionally step on someone’s toes. The best step to take is quickly apologizing, people are usually more forgiving than we assume. Try to add a little humour to enable you blend in better with the locals. It eases your conversations and helps people understand even when you are doing something odd from their norm. 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Skip to Content From R to Custom PA Component Part 3 This is part 3 of a series of blogs. Please refer to part 1 and part 2 that can be found here From R to Custom PA Component Part 1 From R to Custom PA Component Part 2 In this blog I will be focusing on more intermediate syntax for a beginner, for an experienced R developer this will be still considered as basic. You will however still require this knowledge to create a Predictive Analytics component. I will cover the following • Vectors • Matrix • Data Frames • R Scripts • Functions • Loops • Read files • Graphs Then we will review the differences in RGui and RStudio In R a vector is basically what we would call an array in other programming languages. A vectors values can be numbers, characters or any other type. But they should all be the same type. Start by opening RGui again, type straight into the console. To create a function we use the c function which is short for combine. It combines the values to make a vector. Below is an example of two vectors. But the previous example we not storing it in a variable, in reality we want to store everything in a variable. So here I have stored a list of values into X. Then display the content of X. You can also assign a range of values using the below syntax. So below i’m saying variable Y will have a list of values from 5 to 9. We can also access a single value in the vector. Below i’m accessing the value in the vector at position 3. We can append values with the below syntax. We can change one of the values, below we are changing the second value. We can assign names to each value in the vector. You can then access by the name of the column you have assigned in previous steps. All the vector steps shown above can be applied with other data types. Below i’m doing it with text. In R a matrix is basically what we would call a two dimensional array in other programming languages. So here is an example of how to create a matrix. mat is a variable. The function matrix creates the matrix, I have said create it with 3 rows, 3 columns and default the values with 1. You can see the result in the variable mat. We can change the value of a specific item in the matrix, similar syntax as a vector except we must list the column and row. So the below I have said change row 1 column 3 to have the value 5. We can also access all the values by row or by column. Below I have first access by row, showing row 2. Then I access and display column 3. Data Frames Data frames is similar to a matrix. Except that a data frame can have different types of data for the different columns where a matrix can’t. Also the data frame is more easy to work with, however a matrix is more efficient when coming down to performance. In the below example I created two vectors. One with employee names, then another with salaries. I then combine them into a data frame. is a variable. You can then access the data frame the same way as you would access a matrix. R Scripts Up until now we have entered everything in the console. We have done this to learn the syntax and understand how the console works. But in reality you would not work directly in the console. You would create a R script and enter everything in there. To create a script go to File->New script You can now add R code to the script. So in this example I created variable X with value 10, created variable Y with value 2, created variable Z with X*Y, I then output Z To execute the lines, highlight them and then right click and select “Run line or selection”. You can also select one line at a time and execute them.RGui17.jpg It will then execute the commands in the console. Being able to write functions is important, you will need this to create a custom PA component. The basic syntax for a function is myfunction <- function(arg1, arg2, …) { function body Below is an example of a function. In this function I receive two values, add them together in variable Z and print the Z variable out. So this is a very basic function. Please note that from now on I will always create a script and place the R code in the script. Then execute from the script. The above example of a function is very basic, we would not normally do a function like that. A function we would usually create in a way that we return a value, we will need to return a value when creating a component for Predictive Analytics. So be sure to understand the below example. We get different types of loops in R. I will cover two of them. Here is an example of a for loop. Here i’m assigning X variable with a range of values from 1 to 10. Z variable is created and made to be null. Then in the for loop we are saying the variable i will start from 1 and go up until 10. So the loop will repeat the code between the curly brackets 10 times. Each loop I then get the value in X at the position of the value i. So if the loop is on it’s third cycle, the variable i will have three in it, we saying get the value in variable X at position 3. In this case it is 3 in position 3. But could of been different value. We then add 1 to the value and assign to Z. Each time I replace Z, then print the value. Here is an example of a while loop. The biggest difference would be that a for loop the amount of loops is determined before the loop starts. While the while loop the loop will go until the condition is met, the condition changes while the loops occur. In the below example you can see that in the while loop I increment the i variable and will stop when i <= 10. Read Files You will need to be able to read files to work with sets of data that you have in text files. Below is an example where I use the setwd function to set the directory where the file is. I then read in the data by specifying the file name, when reading in the data I indicate the first row is the header. Then display the data. When reading in the data from the file, due to different data types it creates a data frame. There is several options and libraries for graphs. Going to stick to the basic ones. Here is an example of a bar graph, called bar plot in R. Basically I create a vector called graphvalues, I then assign names to the vector as we have done previously. These names are used on the x axis of the bar plot. Then I call the function barplot and send the vector values as a parameter. When you execute this the following bar plot will be displayed. Using the same as the above, just change barplot(graphvalues) to plot(graphvalues) Using the same as the above, just change plot(graphvalues) to plot.ts(graphvalues) RStudio Differences Below you can see the differences when doing everything above in RStudio. The script takes up the left top window, the console moves to the bottom. Your plots/graphs can be shown on the bottom right. When working with data frames we can see another difference. Displaying the data in the data frame is easier. You can see the data in an easy to scroll window that shows the data in an excel looking grid. Hope you find this useful. Part 4 can be found here From R to Custom PA Component Part 4 Be the first to leave a comment
︎Noëmi Ceresola / ︎Nico Sebastian Meyer Protocooperational Cannibalism ︎Noëmi Ceresola Oral abort/Cannibalistic Love ︎Download PDF ︎Nico Sebastian Meyer In ecology, proto-cooperation (from Greek protos = foremost, first and Latin cooperatio = participation) describes the loosest form of symbiosis, i.e. a relationship between individuals of different species. Both species benefit from the relationship with the cooperation partner. For both species, however, this ‘cooperation’ is not obligatory, i.e. they are able to survive without protocol cooperation. Synergy or synergism (Greek synergía, or synergismós, ‘cooperation’) refers to the interaction of living beings, substances or forces in the sense of ‘mutually beneficial’ or a resulting common benefit. That which is composed of parts so that it forms a whole, not in the manner of a heap, but like a syllable, is obviously more than the sum of its parts. A syllable is not the sum of its lute; ba is not the same as b plus a, [...] The syllable is thus something in itself; it is not only its lute, [...] but something more.’ Aristotle: Metaphysics. Larvae of the chironomid / red mosquito larvae Chironomidae, also known as danceflies or swarm flies, are a family of diptera and belong to the mosquito family (Nematocera). Worldwide there are about 5000 species of this animal group, about 570 species are known from Germany. These are mostly very small to medium-sized mosquitoes with body lengths between two and 14 millimetres. Sugar mosquitoes are common worldwide and even occur in extreme habitats where other insects do not live. Thus, representatives of the genus Clunio can be found on the oceans and the species Belgica antarctica permanently on the Antarctic continent. Due to their mass occurrence, sugar mosquitoes are of great importance in the food chain. Sugar mosquito larvae are the main food of many fish. Many birds use adult sugar mosquitoes as basic food for the rearing of their young. The majority of mosquitoes form large flocks to find partners, so-called dance swarms, which can resemble billows of smoke in mass populations. A deployment of the fire brigade on the basis of these swarms has been proven several times. In order to support breathing, the larvae regularly perform meandering movements that create a stream of water around the body. Species in oxygen-poor waters in particular are also usually red in colour, as they also use haemoglobin to transport oxygen in their haemolymph and can thus absorb oxygen dissolved in the water even more effectively. The red blood pigment of sugar mosquito larvae is similar to haemoglobin in human blood. They can cause allergies on contact with humans. Sugar mosquitoes use a clever strategy to expand their geographical horizons: they send their larvae on their journey as stowaways in the intestines of migratory birds. Despite the adverse conditions in the birds' digestive tract, so many larvae survive this procedure that the insects are able to find new habitats. Until now it was unclear whether the young mosquitoes could survive the passage through the bird's intestine or not. For this reason, the researchers collected faecal samples from black-tailed godwits and searched them for live mosquito larvae. In fact, in three of the six samples they found larvae that had apparently not been damaged by the digestive processes. According to the researchers, traveling inside the birds opens up new habitats for the insects for several reasons. For example, although adult mosquitoes can fly, they can only reach a radius of about one kilometre. In addition, they only have wings for a very short period of their lives, which also restricts their ability to move. However, if they travel with the migratory birds, they are also mobile at other times of the year and reach areas that would otherwise be inaccessible to them. Monstera Deliciosa, also known as the Swiss cheese plant is a very popular indoor plant. The first Monstera plants arrived in Europe from Mexico at the beginning of the 19th century. The exact origin of the name is unknown, but will probably refer to the unnaturally perforated leaves. The genus has 22 species, mostly evergreen climbing plants from the tropical rainforests of Central and South America. They sometimes grow epiphytically with aerial roots on tree stumps and other plants. In some countries, the edible fruits are usually sold at markets (for example in Madeira under the name ‘pineapple banana’). The developing aerial roots can be introduced into aquariums. The plant extracts toxins such as nitrate and nitrite from the aquarium water and uses them as food.
Anonymous asked in Science & MathematicsAstronomy & Space · 1 month ago How does water occur in the universe? 11 Answers • 1 month ago Favorite Answer Water is formed when hydrogen and oxygen combine. There is a lot of hydrogen and oxygen in space, its easy for them to combine. • 1 month ago oxygen and hydrogen • 1 month ago Water is the single most abundant compound in the universe. • 1 month ago Hydrogen is the most common element in the Universe; I believe Oxygen is about the 4th or 5th most common, so the occurrence of water isn't surprising... • 1 month ago Gas and solid. Liquid water, especially surface water is extremely rare. Now, would you like to know about the many other substances that exist in the universe? There are vast quantities of hydrogen in the universe. It too is mostly gas, but may exist in other forms such as liquid under some circumstances. Rock is quite common. Mostly it is solid, but is sometimes liquid (magma). There is also clear evidence of lakes of liquid methane in some places. There is also evidence of liquid sulphur and perhaps liquid carbon dioxide. So you see, despite what those pop-science articles go on about, the universe is far more diverse than just water. In fact if you are interested in water you are in the right place: the earth has plenty of it. And you only need to go as far as your nearest seashore or lake for evidence. • 1 month ago Hydrogen and oxygen are common elements and liable to combine, then certain conditions allow pressure and temperature which are compatible with liquid oxidane. • 1 month ago Usually, as ice. • 1 month ago god put it there • 1 month ago It occurs when 2 atoms of H combine with 1 atom of O • ? Lv 7 1 month ago Two parts Hydrogen, One Part Oxygen. Still have questions? Get your answers by asking now.
7th March 2017 What is good posture? What is the correct sitting position? • Sit at the end of your chair and slouch completely. • Distribute your body weight evenly on both hips. • Bend your knees at a right angle. Keep your knees even with or slightly lower than your hips (use a foot rest or stool if necessary). Do not cross your legs. • Keep your feet flat on the floor. • Try to avoid sitting in the same position for more than 30 minutes if possible. • When sitting in a chair that rolls and pivots, do not twist at the waist while sitting. Instead, turn your whole body. What is the correct lifting position? • Keep the object as close to your body as possible when lifting it. • If you are lifting an object from a table, slide it to the edge of the table so that you can hold it close to your body when lifting. Bend your knees slightly and use your legs to lift the object and slowly come to a standing position. • To lower the object, place your feet as you did to lift, tighten your stomach muscles and bend your hips and knees. • Avoid lifting heavy objects above waist level. What is the best position for sleeping and lying down? No matter what position you lie in, the pillow should be under your head, not under your shoulders! Ideally, it should be of a thickness that allows your head to be in a ‘neutral’ position. • Try to sleep in a position which helps you maintain the curve in your back (eg: on your back with a pillow under your knees, a lumbar roll under your lower back or on your side with your knees slightly bent). Do not sleep on your side with your knees drawn up to your chest. Try to avoid sleeping on your stomach as this can often cause back and/or neck strain. • When standing up from the lying position, turn on your side, draw up both knees and carefully swing your legs off the side of the bed. Slowly sit up by pushing yourself up with your hands. Avoid bending forward at your waist. If any of the above guidelines causes an increase in pain, do not continue the activity and seek the advice of your Osteopath. Tags: posture
I have been growing cucumbers under 40% shade net. Last week the temperature was at 42° Celsius (105° F). At the end of last week, some of the plants started having burning and drying of the leaves' edges, then eventually the whole leaf start wilting. What can be the cause of this problem? The plant is situated in a dry hot valley, Southern Africa, Namibia. Photo, 02 November 2015 • This problem is spreading fast to other plants, please help – Moses Nov 3 '15 at 13:27 • 1 To confirm my hypothesis: Slice open a stem lengthwise with a sharp knife and describe what you see Any subtance that resembles white liquid or goo? Any small beetles lately? – Anthony Nov 4 '15 at 1:53 • Are you suggesting vine borers? @Anthony – Brōtsyorfuzthrāx Nov 4 '15 at 2:31 • 1 No, its a disease called bacterial wilt. – Anthony Nov 4 '15 at 2:34 It's possible you just gave them too much nitrogen (or compost). That can cause leaf burning, and will probably cause reduced heat tolerance by competing with the available potassium. Flushing the soil with water might help, if this is the case (although I believe wet soil typically makes the existing nitrogen more available while it's wet--tell me if I'm wrong). Also, adding some extra potassium should help, if this is the case, since potassium and nitrogen are supposed to compete with each other, and the extra potassium should reduce how much nitrogen the plant takes in. This might be undesirable for your long-term soil if your potassium levels are already reasonably high. If they're not, I'd do it (if I wanted to save the plants). Cucumbers can survive and grow in much hotter temperatures than 102 degrees F. without this symptom, although they probably won't set fruit or look very happy unless they're heat tolerant (like Beit Alpha), parthenocarpic (only for fruit set) or something. I'm guessing the problem is likely the heat affecting the nutrient availability in the soil. Potassium should increase heat tolerance to some degree. Potassium sulfate is a good kind that won't kill the microbes in your soil. Too much potassium can be bad, much as too much nitrogen. So, be careful. I recommend planting heat-tolerant varieties for next year. You should have much better results. I also recommend planting Kiwano (African Horned Cucumber). It grows wild in the Kalahari Desert in Africa, and immature fruits can be eaten like cucumbers. I'm guessing it'll do awesomely in your area. It requires a longer season than cucumbers do, though. If you happen to find it growing wild, be careful, because some of the wild kinds are toxic. Those ones, I believe, are bitter, and animals don't typically eat them. They do eat the safe kind, however. Alfalfa hay or straw mulch may also help, and though I'm not 100% sure why, people in my area (which gets very hot in the summer) who use hay tend to get better results. It is supposed to encourage microbes, but it's also high in nitrogen. So, I don't know if it'll help you, but it might be worth a try. At the very least, it should be a buffer for the soil against the sun. If the sun isn't on the soil, it shouldn't be as hot. Soil temperature would be my primary concern for keeping the plants alive. Air temperature would probably be more of a concern for fruit set. It's possibly a disease instead of a nutrient issue. It's also possibly a root problem. If the roots aren't doing well, sun may cause a lot of damage. Potassium and phosphorus should help the roots, if you don't have enough. There might be bugs in the soil eating the roots. That's just too hot (102 Fahrenheit) The only thing you can do is water them twice a day and hope they survive the heat wave. You've already got shade netting and that's probably why they are even still alive. Your Answer
7 Symptoms of Arrhythmia An arrhythmia is an abnormal heart beat. When everything is working well, the heart should maintain a steady, even beat. Arrhythmia occurs when the heart beats too quickly, too slowly, or erratically. The changes in heart rhythm can be caused by several different factors. Some medications speed up the heart rate. Smoking, stress, an imbalance in the electrolytes in your system, and heart disease can also change the heart rate. Some forms of arrhythmia, like premature atrial contractions that occur in the upper chambers of the heart, are not dangerous at all. Others, like a sudden rapid heartbeat (tachycardia) or an extremely intermittent or slow heartbeat (bradycardia), can cause a disruption in the heart’s ability to deliver blood to the body’s organs. If the disruption goes on for too long or severely impedes the blood flow to the extremities it can be very dangerous and lead to cardiac arrest. 1. Chest Pain One of the most alarming signs that an arrhythmia has occurred is chest pain. The presence of pain indicates that the arrhythmia has lasted long enough to impact the heart’s ability to move blood through the cardiovascular system. Pain can occur due to a fast heart rate, slow heart rate, or irregular heart rate. The pain might be sharp and localized near the center of your chest, or it could be more of an ache that radiates in your upper chest and sometimes into your back. Not all pain in the chest is caused by a heart problem, though. Unusual physical activity, acid reflux, or even irritable bowel syndrome can cause discomfort in the upper torso that simulates heart pain. These types of pain usually dissipate after a short period of time, however. Any time you experience chest pain that does not go away when you change position or take an antacid you should visit your doctor, if only to ease your mind that nothing serious is wrong. The pain may not be related to arrhythmia, but if it is you will have the greatest chance of preventing a more serious medical problem if the trouble is recognized and treated as early as possible.
İdil Sanat ve Dil Dergisi İdil Sanat ve Dil Dergisi Cilt 8, Sayı 64 Aralık 2019 (ISSN: 2146-9903, E-ISSN: 2147-3056) İbrahim ÇOBAN, Hasan IŞIK NO Makale Adı The urban concept that emerged towards the end of the 4000 B.C. caused establishment and development of trade, culture and ideologies depending on the settled order of human being and the transition to agrarian society. City Konya that is one of the most important and major cities of Turkey regarding to socio-cultural perspective and that was capital city of Anatolian Seljuk State, was built on facts inherited from Seljukian and Ottoman civilizations and so carries great the historical and cultural heritage on it. The city has Seljuk and Ottoman architectural works together with Mawlana Celaleddin-i Rumi's spiritual heritage; it is seen that this city became theme of many artists' paintings especially in the post-Republican Turkish Painting period. The artists who themed Konya in their paintings and the Konya depicted in their works have been examined in this study. It is emphasized that which artists gave place and interpreted Konya in their works in Post-Republic Turkish Painting. Consequently, Konya views and their interpreting styles Konya in works of artists like Hüseyin Rıfat Çeteci, Şefik Bursalı, Şehabeddin Uzluk, Saim Özeren, Refik Epikman, Zeki Kocamemi, Ferruh Başağa, Ahmet Yakupoğlu, Salih Nuri Urallı, İlham Enveroğlu, Nihat Şirin, Halit Bardakçı, Mehmet Başbuğ, Nesip Koçer, İbrahim Kuzey, Mehmet Büyükçanga, Muhsin Kaleli, Hüseyin Elmas, Ahmet Dalkıran, İbrahim Çoban, Hasan Işık was searched. The research was carried out the city Konya regarding to as a complementary element at background of works and landscape and interpretive context. After assessing the data obtained from literature scanning and qualitative research methods; it is thought that obtained results will make gain a different aspect to artists who are in effort of creating an original language in Contemporary Turkish Painting. At the same time, it is predicted that the ways of thinking and the plastic values created by the composition fictions of the paintings will contribute to the artist in the context of contemporary art. Keywords: Contemporary Turkish Painting Art, Konya, Konya Landscapes, Konya Interpretations
Silver Arowana (Osteoglossum bicirrhosum) care sheet Sharing is caring! The Silver Arowana is possibly one of the coolest freshwater fish in your aquarium and a staple for large tank systems. These monster fish can easily grow to be over two feet in length, are up to 20 years old, and have a huge mouth that can easily suck in smaller fish and invertebrates. Although silver arowanas are typically sold as hatchlings, understanding the true size, lifespan, and nutritional needs of this species of fish is important. Read on to find out everything you need to know about silver arowana care, and possibly keep one of these fish in your own freshwater aquarium! Osteoglossum bicirrhosum is commonly known as the silver arowana, which is sometimes written as arahuana. They were also known as "monkey fish" because of their ability to jump out of the water and catch prey and "dragon fish" because of their large scales. These fish have received several other scientific descriptions since their discovery, including Osteoglossum vandelli and Ischnosoma bicirrhosum, and can still be referred to as such depending on the source. Silver arowanas belong to the Osteoglossidae family, which is often defined as a freshwater fish species with a "bony tongue". These types of fish have a bone structure at the bottom of their mouth that is equipped with teeth that are used to push food against the top of the cavity. They are also classified as true bony fish, which means the rest of their skeleton is made up of bones rather than cartilage. Fossil records of Osteoglossidae species go back 150 million years. Natural habitat Silver arowanas are found in many parts of North South America, including Brazil, Colombia, Peru, Ecuador, Guyana, and French Guiana. In particular, they were documented in the catchment areas of Essequibo, Oyapock and Amazon. It is common to find silver arowanas up in slow moving and still areas where they can forage in and out of the water for prey. These ecosystems also usually have blackwater conditions, with tannin-colored water from fallen debris and branches from the jungle canopy above. Silver arowanas are facultative air breathers, which means that in poor water conditions they can breathe atmospheric air if necessary. It is believed that silver arowanas migrate with the dry and rainy seasons. During the dry season, they tend to stay in quieter areas, such as those found in tributaries and lagoons. As soon as the rivers swell with rain, these fish move to the larger waterways where the food is more abundant. Some silver arowana have been caught in non-native waters in the United States, although these populations are not currently believed to be self-sufficient. Most likely, these sightings are the result of aquarium releases due to the heavy maintenance and care of the tank. Silver arowanas are also prepared as a dish in some areas around their river ecosystems. Because of their popularity both in the hobby of fish farming and because of their importance for the local diet, the wild populations of these fish are monitored and harvest regulations are enforced. The silver Arowana is easy to identify, but can sometimes be a little difficult to distinguish from other similar Arowana species. Real silver arowanas have relatively large silver scales that take on an almost metallic sheen. They are sometimes referred to as "dragon fish" because they have a mythical appearance that is similar to that found in folk creatures. Silver arowanas have a long and slender body; Their dorsal and anal fins start about three-quarters of the way down from their head and extend to their tapered caudal fin. They have a remarkably large, downward-facing mouth that easily draws in food. The silver arowana (Osteoglossum bicirrhosum) is sometimes confused with the black arowana (Osteoglossum ferreirai), especially in adulthood. Juvenile silver arowana has a dark side line, while juvenile black arowana has darker features overall, which are most noticeable in the fins. Adult silver arowanas and black arowanas are a little more difficult to tell apart. The main differences are in the number of dorsal rays, anal rays and the number of vertebrae. In general, the best way to guarantee the type of fish is through a reputable seller. However, you can also tell by looking at your body shape and behavior if you know what to look for. Silver arowanas tend to have a much fuller and lighter body than black arowanas, and appear to be a bit more territorial in a tank setting than their darker counterparts. How big do silver arowanas get? These South American fish are often referred to as monster fish, but how big do they really get? The silver arowana can easily reach more than 36 cm in length, although it is unclear how long it can actually get. One of the largest silver arowanas in captivity has already reached the 48cm mark! Most fish, however, are sold as fry and look completely manageable when they are still small. The truth is, in the early stages of their life, these fish can grow about 5.1 cm each month! There is no way to keep a silver arowana in a temporary tank. In addition to their size, silver arowanas can also live a very long time. It is believed that under ideal conditions they can easily live in the fish farming hobby for more than 10 years. Unfortunately, not many hobbyists are able to consider the tank size and lifespan of these fish, and they are donated to aquariums or given to non-native waters. Is it illegal to own silver arowana? As one of the most common types of monsters in the freshwater aquarium trade, you may be wondering whether it is even legal to own such a fish! South American silver arowanas are for the most part legal worldwide. However, it is important to follow local regulations regarding the species, even if the seller insists it is legal to do so. Some jurisdictions may require permits, while others may have bans on certain Arowana species entirely. One of the most notable types of arowana to be banned from international trade is the Asiatic Arowana (Scleropages formosus), also known as the Asiatic Bonytonue or Asiatic Dragonfish. The Asiatic Arowana is classified as endangered due to the decline in population due to habitat destruction. What does a silver arowana cost? The price of a silver arowana depends on the size and quality of the fish. Hatchlings are typically for sale online for $ 50, while larger fish cost more than $ 200. Other color options and / or the quality of the breed can be achieved for more money. While this doesn't seem like much for such an impressive fish, as we will discuss, tank setup and maintenance can get quite challenging and expensive for this species. Also note that legal permits may incur additional costs. Requirements for the silver arowana tank Silver arowanas can be over 92 cm long. This means that both the length and the width of the tank must be greater. The altitude must also allow the fish to naturally establish an area in the upper water layers of the tank. This means that an aquarium of at least 946L is recommended to accommodate teenagers and adults. In general, the best tank has dimensions that allow the fish to turn around comfortably and display natural predatory behavior. Otherwise, they don't need too much to be happy. Because they work best in larger tanks, adequate filtration and water agitation are required for nutrient export and gas exchange. Their metallic colors reflect best on a dark surface, but can also be stored in a tank with a bare bottom. Floating plants and vegetation are valued as these fish spend most of their lives just below the surface of the water. Decorations should be minimal to give your fish as much swimming space as possible. To do justice to the extreme size of these fish, some hobbyists have chosen to keep them in a pond instead of an aquarium. Some have even converted above-ground swimming pools into a pond for their monster fish! Because silver arowanas naturally jump out of the water to catch prey in their South American ecosystems, a protective net is recommended for both pond and tank structures to keep your fish from jumping out while avoiding injury. Water parameters Silver arowanas are native to the tropical river ecosystem of South America and can be quite robust in terms of water conditions. These fish require a stable water temperature between 23.9 and 27.8 ° C (75 to 82 ° F) with a relatively neutral pH between 6.0 and 7.0. Although they are usually seen in calm water, they can withstand moderate water flow. Silver Arowana tank mates Although they are large fish, Silver Arowana can actually be kept with a variety of fish species. As we'll see, adults are better at handling less aggressive species, and teenagers can actually be quite fragile in their early stages. For this reason, it's best to keep juvenile silver arowanas in a relatively quiet tank until they reach 5+ inches (12.7+ cm). It's also important to keep in mind that silver arowana stays on the surface of the water almost all of the time. When filling your tank, use middle and lower water column floats to avoid aggressive interactions. Which fish can live with silver arowanas? In general, predator tanks are large and not very diverse. This means that your silver arowana tank will look a little empty at first and will only contain a handful of fish. It is important to keep in mind that most of the tank mates listed will reach impressive sizes even when fully grown and it will take some time to fill your tank completely! Some of the best tank mates for silver arowanas are: • Gars (Lepisosteiformes order). Gars are slender bony fish that date from the late Jurassic period. They are usually easy to spot by their elongated jaws. Tropical Gar (Atractosteus tropicus), Florida Gar (Lepisosteus platyrhincus), and Cuban Gar (Atractosteus tristoechus) have proven to be successful tank mates with the silver arowana. • Giant gourami (Osphronemus goramy). The giant gourami is usually a fish to avoid when raising fish, but it's actually good in silver arowana tanks. In captivity, giant gouramis grow to be approximately 16 inches at their mature size and require a 757 liter (200 gallon) aquarium or more. However, their calm and lonely lifestyle make them a good pairing for Arowana. • Freshwater stingrays. Stingrays should only be kept by hobbyists who are experienced in keeping Elasmobranches, as they require special care and attention. Common Arowana pairings are motor stingrays (Potamotrygon motoro) and black diamond stingray (Potamotrygonidae family). Note: Stingrays are banned in many states and countries for commercial reasons. • Bichir dinosaur (Polypterus senegalus). Another prehistoric fish, the dinosaur Bichir, can grow to be almost 61 cm long. They have special pectoral fins that they use to slide across the bottom of the aquarium so that your silver arowana remains undisturbed above. • Clown knifefish (Chitala ornata). Knifefish are very different and at first glance don't even look like a species of fish. They don't have scales or fins! However, clown knifefish can grow to be 12 to 24 inches long and require plenty of space to swim. • Clown Loaches (Chromobotia macracanthus). It is common for clown loaches in the form of small carapaces and small quantities to be improperly handled. However, a silver Arowana carapace is just what they need to thrive and lead a fulfilling life. While they look tiny when you first bring them home from the aquarium, these fish can grow to be over 12 inches in length. They also need to be kept in schools that need a very large tank! Silver Arowana behavior Adult silver arowana are solitary fish; They like to stay in the upper water column and feed on small fish, invertebrates and other animals. They can become aggressive towards fish that also prefer the upper water column. It is best to avoid other surface swimmers. They can also become aggressive towards other similar looking fish. Otherwise you can see them sliding effortlessly back and forth under the surface of the water, waiting for food. Juvenile silver arowanas are actually prone to being bullied by other fish. It is usually recommended that you keep your juvenile arowana in more peaceful species first or in a different tank so it can grow out. In the wild, these fish are known to jump out of the water to eat large insects and sometimes even small mammals and birds. For this reason, it is best to always have a net over the aquarium or pond. Silver Arowana Diet Feeding such a large fish can be difficult and expensive. These fish are known to be somewhat picky eaters in the early stages of their aquarium life. The silver arowana is primarily a carnivore that hunts other fish and insects of considerable size. However, it has also been documented that they eat fallen fruits and nuts from the jungle roof in the wild. As a teenager, silver arowanas can be fed smaller foods. However, you should get a varied diet, including live and frozen foods. While they are small, worms (blood worms, earthworms, Tubifex worms), krill, mosquito larvae, and fish flakes / pellets may be offered. As they grow, you can offer live, frozen, and freeze-dried foods. Freeze-dried foods don't contain many essential nutrients to promote growth and should be avoided until your fish is at least a year old. Worms (blood worms, earthworms and Tubifex worms) can still be fed together with krill, fish flakes and pellets. However, you can also offer larger prey such as insects (crickets and mealworms), other invertebrates (mussels, clams, prawns, shrimps), fresh pieces of fish or even live food fish. Note: only use feeder fish if you have a reliable supplier. Feeder fish are known to transmit diseases and parasites and can potentially infect all fish in your aquarium! Breeding silver arowanas Because these freshwater fish are so large and can become territorial to one another in a small space, captive breeding is usually not possible. In the wild, these fish spawn at the beginning of the rainy season. The adult fish form pairs and the female lays the eggs. The male then takes the eggs in his mouth, where they later hatch. It takes about two months for the eggs to ripen into fries on their own. After that, they can find food and take care of themselves. Because these fish are such an impressive size, their brood size is actually considerably smaller than that of most other freshwater fish. Female fish only lay a few dozen eggs at a time and a few hundred each season. Silver arowanas are one of the most popular types of monster fish currently available from aquarium stores. While they don't require much additional care than other freshwater fish, their size, lifespan, and diet make them difficult to accommodate indefinitely. Never buy a silver arowana if you haven't had the funds to create a home for up to 20 years! If you have any questions about keeping silver arowanas or other large South American species, or if you have experience keeping these monster fish in your own aquarium, don't hesitate to leave a comment below! Sharing is caring! Comments are closed.
Question: What Is Indirect Cause Of Accident? What are 4 main causes of accidents? Poor Lighting. Hazardous Materials. Acts of Workplace Violence. Trips and Falls. What is a direct and indirect cost? How can we prevent road accidents? How can we prevent car accidents? Ten Ways to Avoid Car AccidentsPull into traffic slowly. Stop, Look, Listen. … Watch for red light runners. Count to three before entering an intersection on a green light. … Keep at least one hand on the steering wheel. … Watch for kids. … Perform engine maintenance regularly. … Scan 12 seconds ahead. … Look backwards when backing out. … Do not tailgate.More items… What is the leading cause of accidents? 1. Distracted Driving. Distracted driving has always been a leading cause of road accidents but it has only become worse thanks to the proliferation of new distraction triggers such as smartphones. How can we prevent accident essay? Speeds of the vehicles should be within the speed limit and slow especially in the areas of school, hospital, colony, etc. Every vehicle on the road should maintain the right distance among them to avoid collisions and accidents. Everyone using road should be well aware of the road signs and must follow rules. What is direct cause of accident? A direct cause is the result of physical contact with an object or hazardous substance and is usually the result of one or more unsafe acts, unsafe conditions or both. These unsafe acts and/or conditions are indirect causes, or symptoms. What is indirect accident cost? Indirect costs are those costs that are not direct damage expenses, pre-funded loss allocations or losses covered by insurance. … The direct costs are outlined above, the indirect costs or hidden costs might include: ¨ Lost productivity due to the absence of an injured worker or workers. What are the two causes of accident? Causes of Road AccidentsOver Speeding.Drunken Driving.Distractions to Driver.Red Light Jumping.Avoiding Safety Gears like Seat belts and Helmets.Non-adherence to lane driving and overtaking in a wrong manner. What are three major causes of accidents? Below I will address three major causes of auto accidents.Speeding. Speeding is still one of the major causes of motor vehicle accidents. … Distractions. Distracted driving has become a really hot topic. … Drunk Driving. … Speak With An Experienced Injury Attorney Today. What is an example of an indirect cost? How do accidents occur? Road accidents occur for a variety of reasons. Often, drivers are distracted while behind the wheel, taking their focus away from the road. … Sometimes, accidents occur for a combination of reasons, from bad visibility to unsafe road design, or other drivers lack caution.
2009 - Race to the Top President Barack Obama opposed school vouchers, but was responsible for a competitive grant program called Race to the Top. The rules stipulated that each competing state submit a public school reform plan, taking into account a long list of Department of Education (DOE) policies. States that scored highest on the DOE’s point system would win millions of dollars to implement their plans. DOE criteria included not limiting the growth of charter schools (some states had capped the number). States were also required to give charter schools free use of public facilities or help charters pay for facilities. Public school supporters fiercely opposed the measures because they diverted resources from already stretched-to-the-limit education budgets. But state governments were desperate for money from anywhere; all but four eventually entered the contest. Obama’s Race to the Top gave the entire charter school enterprise a substantial boost.
Pulpit Woods The woods of the higher slopes consist of relatively pure stands of mature beech, with a sparse shrub layer mainly of holly and elder, and scattered herbs and grasses including wood sorrel Oxalis acetosella, woodruff Galium odoratum, broad helleborine Epipactis helleborine and tufted hairgrass Deschampsia cespitosa. Mixed woodland known to be of recent origin occurs further downslope, in which yew, ash, whitebeam and wild cherry occur among the beeches, and are accompanied by a greater variety of shrubs including blackthorn, hawthorn and purging buckthorn Rhamnus catharticus. The ground flora retains elements of its earlier grassland phase, for example ground ivy Glechoma hederacea, hairy rock-cress Arabis hirsuta, harebell Campanula rotundifolia, spring sedge Carex caryophyllea and hard poa Desmazeria rigida, though other species have apparently spread from adjacent older woodland, notably enchanter’s nightshade Circaea lutetiana, wall lettuce Mycelis muralis, white and narrow-lipped helleborines Cephalanthera damasonium and Epipactis leptochila, yellow bird’s-nest Monotropa hypopitys and bird’s-nest orchid Neottia nidus-avis.
The Crystallisation of Commerce \| A History of Lapiz Lazuli Conceived in the womb of the earth, gems form naturally as minerals within the Earth’s crust. These gifts from nature have both signified wealth as well as created it for thousands of millennia. From the silicon chips we use in our devices; to the sapphires we use in wristwatches–humans have utilised the power of gemstones for both practical and spiritual purposes. The Earth is our Mother and she is a treasure trove to be honoured. A Gem’s Journey A raw gemstone emerges from the Earth’s womb. Its appearance does not accurately convey its true value. Until the gemstone undergoes a process of refinement, its true value remains concealed and hidden. Even the story of its journey from simplicity to splendour remains disguised to keep it away from prying eyes. After all, gemstones begin their journey on the Earth as rocks. Many minerals must come together to form a unique and beautiful crystal. Out of these crystals emerge magnificent gemstones: the most valuable of all crystals. When raw and uncut, gems look really quite ordinary. But your eyes are simply deceiving you. Raw sapphire stones Once gems are extracted, cut and polished; their lustre and brilliance shine brightly for everyone to admire, love and covet. It takes thousands to millions of years for gemstones to form. Their rarity coupled with the tough process of extraction has permitted them a position of unparalleled status as a valuable commodity throughout history. There are, in total, six crystal systems. Five prerequisites must come together for a gemstone to form naturally. These are: the ingredients, temperature, pressure, time and space. The right combination of ingredients, heat, and pressure must last long enough for the minerals to crystallise. As a trader, investor and businessperson; I believe that there is something sacrosanct about understanding the journey of the commodity that we purchase for either personal or commercial use. The history of trade between peoples of the world is widely known to have started with barter; which over a long period of time evolved into an increasingly complex system of international trade that encompasses the entire world economy. No country or human being that exists today is untouched by the invisible hand of commerce. Lapis Lazuli Badakshan–a region in modern-day Afghanistan–is a mountainous terrain that is bare of any vegetation. The mountains rise as high as 17,000 feet and are filled with ravines. Humans brave the treacherous journey to this inhospitable terrain for one reason and one reason alone–so that they may find the azure treasure that is lapis lazuli. Crystals of lazurite (the main mineral in lapis’s lazuli) from the Sar-i Sang mine in Afghanistan, where lapis lazuli has been mined since the 7th Millennium BCE Lapis lazuli is a gemstone valued for its deep blue colour. The gold flecks of pyrite that characterise the azure stone have been christened as specks of stardust. If we gaze at the stone long enough, we can see the cosmos reflected on earth. Bactria–as the region was known in 700 BCE–is the world’s oldest known commercial gemstone source. Merchant caravans transported the coveted blue cargo from Bactria and brought it to the great cities of the ancient Greeks, Indians, Egyptians, Mesopotamians, and Persians. Lapis Lazuli was among the first gemstones ever to be worn for adornment. During the Renaissance and Baroque periods, Lapis was ground into powder and made into ultramarine, a blue pigment highly prized by artists. Powdered lapis lazuli Interestingly, the lapis mines that were producing then are still producing today. Presently, the two most important sources of lapiz lazuli are the mines in Badakhshan, Afghanistan and those near Ovalle, Chile. The mines west of Lake Baikal in Russia are also a source of this beautiful blue stone. Lapis lazuli artefacts dated 7570 BCE have been found at Bhirrana–modern day Haryana–which is the oldest site of Indus Valley Civilisation. During the height of the Indus Valley Civilisation, approximately 2000 BCE, the Harappan colony, now known as Shortugai, was established near the lapis mines. In the Sumerian myths, Goddess Inanna enters the underworld bearing the symbols of her rank which includes a lapis lazuli necklace and rod. The ancient royal Sumerian tombs of Ur, located near the Euphrates River in modern day Iraq, contained more than 6000 beautifully executed lapis lazuli statuettes of animals as well as dishes, beads, and cylinder seals. Egyptian burial sites also contained thousands of pieces of jewellery items–many of which were lapis. Powdered lapis was favoured by Egyptian women for use in cosmetics. Pliny the Elder has described the stone as ‘a fragment of the starry firmament’. May the captivating blue hue forever remind us of the ocean and the sky–the two bodies that remain mysterious no matter how much we discover. Ancient Egyptian scarab finger ring; 1850–1750 BC; lapis lazuli scarab set in gold plate and on a gold wire ring lapis-lazuli, Metropolitan Museum of Art This post is co-authored by Dipa Sanatani and Helios

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