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] | 877,000 |
simultaneously active in that geopolitical region. in empire and information : intelligence gathering and social communication in india, 1780 – 1870 ( 1996 ), christopher alan bayly said that, at the height of european imperialism, european power in the orient was not absolute, and much depended upon local collaborators, who often subverted the geopolitical strategies of the european powers with whom they collaborated against their own peoples. in for lust of knowing : the orientalists and their enemies ( 2006 ), robert graham irwin said that palestine and egypt were poor historical examples of orientalism, because they were under european hegemonic control only for short periods in
| 378 |
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] | 877,001 |
the late 19th and early 20th centuries. he believed that said ignored better examples of orientalism and imperialism, namely the british raj ( 1858 – 1947 ) in india and russia's asian dominions, because said sought to score political points against the west's actions in the middle east. in the war of ideas that erupted from the book, anglo @ - @ american orientalist bernard lewis became a particular intellectual nemesis of said and his thesis in orientalism ; said had identified lewis in the book as : a perfect exemplification [ of an ] establishment orientalist [ whose work ] purports to be objective, liberal scholarship
| 367 |
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] | 877,002 |
, but is, in reality, very close to being propaganda against his subject material. for sheer heedless anti @ - @ intellectualism, unrestrained or unencumbered by the slightest trace of critical self @ - @ consciousness, no one, in my experience, has achieved the sublime confidence of bernard lewis, whose almost purely political exploits require more time to mention than they are worth. in a series of articles, and one particularly weak book — the muslim discovery of europe ( 1982 ) — lewis has been busy responding to my argument, insisting that the western quest for knowledge about other societies is unique, that it is motivated by pure
| 2,272 |
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] | 877,003 |
curiosity, and that, in contrast, muslims neither were able nor interested in getting knowledge about europe, as if knowledge about europe were the only acceptable criterion for true knowledge. lewis's arguments are presented as emanating exclusively from the scholar's apolitical impartiality, whereas, at the same time, he has become an authority drawn on for anti – islamic, anti – arab, zionist, and cold war crusades, all of them underwritten by a zealotry, covered with a veneer of urbanity, that has very little in common with the " science " and learning lewis purports to
| 2,272 |
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] | 877,004 |
be upholding. bernard lewis replied to said's characterizations, both of his ( lewis's ) works as political propaganda and of him as an anti @ - @ intellectual, with essays critical of said and his works ; lewis later was joined by the academics maxime rodinson, jacques berque, malcolm h. kerr, aijaz ahmad and william montgomery watt, who said that orientalism represents a flawed account of orientalist scholarship. said himself, in the " afterword " to the 1995 edition of orientalism, answered bernard lewis's criticisms against the first edition of the book. critics argued that said and
| 2,782 |
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] | 877,005 |
his followers failed to critically distinguish among the varieties of orientalism featured in western popular culture and mass @ - @ communications media ( e. g., indiana jones and the temple of doom, 1984 ), and oriental studies of the languages, literatures, histories and cultures of the eastern world. in the asiatic society of bengal and the discovery of india's past, o. p. kejariwal said that said's opposition to the monolithic orientalism of western discourse prompted him to create a monolithic occidentalism, failing to distinguish among the paradigms of romanticism and the secular intellectual traditions of the age
| 501 |
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] | 877,006 |
of enlightenment. kejariwal stated that said ignored the wide range and fundamental differences of opinion among orientalists about the nature of oriental peoples and things, failed to acknowledge that some orientalists, such as the philologist william jones, sought to establish " cultural kinship " rather than " cultural difference " between the east and the west, and that these scholars often made discoveries that later provided foundations for anti @ - @ imperial nationalism. robert irwin has said in the times literary supplement that the theoretical flaw of orientalism is its failure to distinguish between the numerous orientalist writers, who held different cultural perspectives on and experiences of the orient — the german
| 2,656 |
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] | 877,007 |
poet johann wolfgang von goethe ( who never traveled to the east ), the french novelist gustave flaubert ( who toured egypt ), the french geographer joseph @ - @ ernest renan ( who advanced racist theories of inferiority of " semitic peoples " ), and the british translator and lexicographer edward william lane ( who was fluent in arabic ). in defending the west : a critique of edward said's orientalism ( 2007 ), ibn warraq said that the varied origins and cultural attitudes of european orientalists over @ - @ rode factual and historical considerations, which said ignored in order to construct a stereotype of europeans
| 990 |
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] | 877,008 |
befitting his thesis about the nature of orientalism. in for lust of knowing : the orientalists and their enemies, robert irwin said that said ignored the domination of 19th @ - @ century oriental studies by german and hungarian orientalists, scholars from countries without imperial colonies in the orient. earlier critics said that the brief survey of german orientalist scholarship limited the book, leading said to counter in " orientalism reconsidered " ( 1985 ) that no one had demonstrated that the brief survey of german orientalism limits the scholarly value and application of the thesis of orientalism — the politics of discourse applied to the eastern world in opposition to
| 367 |
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"disqualified",
"him",
"from",
"writing",
"about",
"the",
"orient",
"by"
] | 877,009 |
the western world. in the article " who is afraid of edward said? ", biswamoy pati said that in establishing ethnicity and cultural background as tests of authority and objectivity in studying the orient, edward said drew attention to his own ethnic and cultural identities as a palestinian man and as a colonial subaltern from the mandate of palestine, the british middle east. in the article " orients and occidents : colonial discourse theory and the historiography of the british empire ", d. a. washbrook said that said's anglophone education ( british and american ) disqualified him from writing about the orient by
| 990 |
[
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"of",
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"own",
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"in",
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"said",
"had",
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",",
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",",
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",",
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"##ven",
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"'",
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"truth",
"'",
",",
"which",
"is",
",",
"itself",
",",
"a",
"representation",
"\"",
".",
"that",
"excessive",
"cultural",
"re",
"##lat",
"##ivism",
"had",
"trapped",
"the",
"academic",
"said",
",",
"and",
"his",
"post",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"colonial",
"theorist",
"followers",
",",
"in",
"a",
"\"",
"web",
"of",
"sol",
"##ip",
"##sis",
"##m"
] | 877,010 |
virtue of his own arguments in orientalism ; said had lived most of his adult life in the u. s. as a university professor, but argued that : " any and all representations... are embedded, first, in the language, and then in the culture, institutions, and political ambience of the representer... [ and are ] interwoven with a great many other things besides'the truth ', which is, itself, a representation ". that excessive cultural relativism had trapped the academic said, and his post @ - @ colonial theorist followers, in a " web of solipsism
| 2,690 |
[
"\"",
",",
"which",
"limits",
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"and",
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"to",
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"only",
"of",
"cultural",
"\"",
"representations",
"\"",
",",
"whilst",
"simultaneously",
"allowing",
"said",
"and",
"co",
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"to",
"deny",
"the",
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"of",
"any",
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"truth",
"about",
"the",
"orient",
".",
"=",
"=",
"=",
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"##ism",
"=",
"=",
"=",
"since",
"oriental",
"##ism",
"'",
"s",
"publication",
"in",
"1978",
",",
"said",
"has",
"been",
"praised",
"as",
"an",
"\"",
"intellectual",
"superstar",
"\"",
"for",
"his",
"range",
"of",
"inquiry",
",",
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"theory",
",",
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"literature",
",",
"history",
",",
"political",
"commentary",
",",
"cultural",
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"and",
"music",
"criticism",
".",
"oriental",
"##ism",
"became",
"a",
"foundation",
"##al",
"text",
"in",
"the",
"field",
"of",
"post",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"colonial",
"studies",
"for",
"what",
"terry",
"eagle",
"##ton",
"called",
"its",
"\"",
"central",
"truth",
".",
".",
".",
"that",
"dem",
"##ean",
"##ing",
"images",
"of",
"the",
"east",
"and"
] | 877,011 |
", which limits him and them to speak only of cultural " representations ", whilst simultaneously allowing said and cohort to deny the existence of any objective truth about the orient. = = = influence of orientalism = = = since orientalism's publication in 1978, said has been praised as an " intellectual superstar " for his range of inquiry, drawing on literary theory, comparative literature, history, political commentary, cultural criticism and music criticism. orientalism became a foundational text in the field of post @ - @ colonial studies for what terry eagleton called its " central truth... that demeaning images of the east and
| 2,657 |
[
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"##la",
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",",
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"@",
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"said",
"'",
"s",
"academic",
"friends",
"and",
"foe",
"##s",
"acknowledged",
"the",
"transform",
"##ative",
"influence",
"of",
"oriental",
"##ism",
"upon",
"scholarship",
"in",
"the",
"humanities",
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"critics",
"argued",
"that",
"the",
"thesis",
"is",
"an",
"intellectual",
"##ly",
"limiting",
"influence",
"upon",
"scholars",
",",
"whilst",
"supporters",
"said",
"the",
"thesis",
"is",
"intellectual",
"##ly",
"li",
"##ber",
"##ating",
".",
"the",
"fields",
"of",
"post",
"@"
] | 877,012 |
imperialist incursions into its terrain have historically gone hand in hand. " one of the most influential book in this area is postcolonial theory written by leela gandhi, where the author explains from basic introduction about postcolonial @ - @ ism to how it can be made and shaped in the real history with wider philosophical and intellectual context of it. said's academic friends and foes acknowledged the transformative influence of orientalism upon scholarship in the humanities ; critics argued that the thesis is an intellectually limiting influence upon scholars, whilst supporters said the thesis is intellectually liberating. the fields of post @
| 2,642 |
[
"-",
"@",
"colonial",
"and",
"cultural",
"studies",
"attempt",
"to",
"explain",
"the",
"\"",
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"@",
"-",
"@",
"colonial",
"world",
",",
"its",
"peoples",
",",
"and",
"their",
"discontent",
"##s",
"\"",
";",
"for",
"this",
",",
"the",
"investigation",
"##al",
"validity",
"and",
"analytical",
"efficacy",
"of",
"the",
"proposition",
"##s",
"in",
"oriental",
"##ism",
"continue",
"to",
"res",
"##onate",
",",
"especially",
"in",
"the",
"field",
"of",
"middle",
"eastern",
"studies",
".",
"the",
"analytical",
"scholarship",
"of",
"oriental",
"##ism",
"is",
"especially",
"applicable",
"to",
"literary",
"criticism",
"and",
"cultural",
"studies",
",",
"including",
"reviews",
"of",
"the",
"post",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"colonial",
"history",
"of",
"india",
"by",
"g",
"##yan",
"prakash",
",",
"nicholas",
"dirk",
"##s",
"and",
"ronald",
"ind",
"##en",
",",
"modern",
"cambodia",
"by",
"simon",
"springer",
",",
"and",
"the",
"literary",
"theories",
"of",
"ho",
"##mi",
"k",
".",
"b",
"##hab",
"##ha",
",",
"gay",
"##at",
"##ri",
"cha",
"##kra",
"##vor",
"##ty",
"sp",
"##iva",
"##k"
] | 877,013 |
- @ colonial and cultural studies attempt to explain the " post @ - @ colonial world, its peoples, and their discontents " ; for this, the investigational validity and analytical efficacy of the propositions in orientalism continue to resonate, especially in the field of middle eastern studies. the analytical scholarship of orientalism is especially applicable to literary criticism and cultural studies, including reviews of the post @ - @ colonial history of india by gyan prakash, nicholas dirks and ronald inden, modern cambodia by simon springer, and the literary theories of homi k. bhabha, gayatri chakravorty spivak
| 608 |
[
"and",
"hamid",
"da",
"##bas",
"##hi",
"(",
"iran",
":",
"a",
"people",
"interrupted",
",",
"2007",
")",
".",
"in",
"eastern",
"europe",
",",
"mil",
"##ica",
"ba",
"##kic",
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"##isms",
"(",
"1992",
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",",
"derived",
"from",
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"of",
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"historian",
"larry",
"wolff",
"(",
"in",
"##venting",
"eastern",
"europe",
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"the",
"map",
"of",
"civilization",
"on",
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"mind",
"of",
"the",
"enlightenment",
",",
"1994",
")",
"and",
"said",
"'",
"s",
"ideas",
"in",
"oriental",
"##ism",
"(",
"1978",
")",
".",
"the",
"bulgarian",
"historian",
"maria",
"tod",
"##oro",
"##va",
"(",
"imagining",
"the",
"balkans",
",",
"1997",
")",
"presented",
"the",
"et",
"##hn",
"##olo",
"##gic",
"concept",
"of",
"nesting",
"balkan",
"##isms",
"(",
"et",
"##hn",
"##olo",
"##gia",
"balkan",
"##ica",
",",
"1997",
")",
",",
"which",
"is",
"derived",
"from",
"mil",
"##ica",
"ba",
"##kic",
"–",
"hayden",
"'",
"s",
"concept",
"of",
"nesting",
"oriental"
] | 877,014 |
and hamid dabashi ( iran : a people interrupted, 2007 ). in eastern europe, milica bakic – hayden developed the concept of nesting orientalisms ( 1992 ), derived from the ideas of the historian larry wolff ( inventing eastern europe : the map of civilization on the mind of the enlightenment, 1994 ) and said's ideas in orientalism ( 1978 ). the bulgarian historian maria todorova ( imagining the balkans, 1997 ) presented the ethnologic concept of nesting balkanisms ( ethnologia balkanica, 1997 ), which is derived from milica bakic – hayden's concept of nesting oriental
| 2,290 |
[
"##isms",
".",
"lorenzo",
"kam",
"##el",
",",
"a",
"middle",
"eastern",
"historian",
",",
"presented",
"the",
"concept",
"of",
"'",
"biblical",
"oriental",
"##ism",
"'",
"through",
"his",
"historical",
"analysis",
"of",
"the",
"sim",
"##pl",
"##ification",
"##s",
"of",
"the",
"complex",
"local",
"palestinian",
"reality",
"which",
"occurred",
"through",
"the",
"1830s",
"up",
"to",
"the",
"early",
"20th",
"century",
".",
"he",
"notes",
"that",
"selective",
"usage",
"and",
"sim",
"##pl",
"##ification",
"of",
"religion",
"in",
"approaching",
"the",
"'",
"holy",
"land",
"'",
"created",
"a",
"view",
"that",
"the",
"'",
"holy",
"land",
"'",
"is",
"devoid",
"of",
"any",
"history",
"but",
"only",
"biblical",
"rich",
"##ness",
".",
"it",
"also",
"impacts",
"on",
"theological",
"studies",
".",
"said",
"'",
"s",
"post",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"colonial",
"discourse",
"impact",
"on",
"appearance",
"of",
"post",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"colonial",
"theology",
"and",
"post",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"colonial",
"biblical",
"criticism",
",",
"in",
"which",
"the",
"reader",
"approach",
"the",
"scripture"
] | 877,015 |
##isms. lorenzo kamel, a middle eastern historian, presented the concept of'biblical orientalism'through his historical analysis of the simplifications of the complex local palestinian reality which occurred through the 1830s up to the early 20th century. he notes that selective usage and simplification of religion in approaching the'holy land'created a view that the'holy land'is devoid of any history but only biblical richness. it also impacts on theological studies. said's post @ - @ colonial discourse impact on appearance of post @ - @ colonial theology and post @ - @ colonial biblical criticism, in which the reader approach the scripture
| 382 |
[
"with",
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"of",
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".",
"for",
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"information",
",",
"see",
"the",
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"-",
"@",
"israel",
"\"",
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"1967",
"six",
"day",
"war",
",",
"said",
"entered",
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"to",
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"what",
"he",
"perceived",
"as",
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"stereo",
"##type",
"##d",
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"##re",
"##pres",
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"##s",
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"u",
".",
"s",
".",
"news",
"media",
"explained",
"the",
"arab",
"–",
"israeli",
"wars",
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"he",
"claimed",
"this",
"report",
"##age",
"was",
"divorced",
"from",
"the",
"historical",
"realities",
"of",
"the",
"middle",
"east",
",",
"in",
"general",
",",
"and",
"palestine",
"and",
"israel",
",",
"in",
"particular",
".",
"to",
"address",
",",
"explain",
",",
"and",
"correct",
"the",
"issue",
",",
"said",
"published",
"\"",
"the",
"arab",
"portrayed",
"\"",
"in"
] | 877,016 |
with a perspective of colonial reader. for more information, see the book named " the bible and zionism : invented traditions, archaeology and post @ - @ colonialism in palestine @ - @ israel " after the 1967 six day war, said entered the public sphere to counter what he perceived as the stereotyped misrepresentations in which the u. s. news media explained the arab – israeli wars ; he claimed this reportage was divorced from the historical realities of the middle east, in general, and palestine and israel, in particular. to address, explain, and correct the issue, said published " the arab portrayed " in
| 1,159 |
[
"1968",
",",
"a",
"descriptive",
"essay",
"about",
"images",
"of",
"\"",
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"arab",
"\"",
"that",
"are",
"meant",
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"specific",
"discussion",
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"the",
"historical",
"and",
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"of",
"the",
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"who",
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"in",
"the",
"middle",
"east",
",",
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"in",
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"and",
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"from",
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"victims",
"\"",
"(",
"1979",
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",",
"said",
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"in",
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"and",
"phil",
"##oso",
"##phic",
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"of",
"the",
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"claims",
"and",
"right",
"to",
"a",
"jewish",
"homeland",
";",
"and",
"for",
"the",
"inherent",
"right",
"of",
"national",
"self",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"determination",
"of",
"the",
"palestinian",
"people",
".",
"said",
"'",
"s",
"books",
"about",
"israel",
"and",
"palestine",
"include",
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"of",
"palestine",
"(",
"1979",
")",
",",
"the",
"politics",
"of",
"di",
"##sp",
"##oss",
"##ess",
"##ion",
"(",
"1994",
")"
] | 877,017 |
1968, a descriptive essay about images of " the arab " that are meant to evade specific discussion of the historical and cultural realities of the peoples who live in the middle east, featured in journalism and scholarship. in the essay " zionism from the standpoint of its victims " ( 1979 ), said argued in favour of the political legitimacy and philosophic authenticity of the zionist claims and right to a jewish homeland ; and for the inherent right of national self @ - @ determination of the palestinian people. said's books about israel and palestine include the question of palestine ( 1979 ), the politics of dispossession ( 1994 )
| 1,159 |
[
",",
"and",
"the",
"end",
"of",
"the",
"peace",
"process",
"(",
"2000",
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".",
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"1985",
",",
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"and",
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"–",
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"was",
"a",
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",",
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",",
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"##l",
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"as",
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"@",
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"@",
"semi",
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"##ist",
"set",
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"at",
"columbia",
"university",
",",
"and",
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"and",
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"##s",
"and",
"\"",
"inn",
"##ume",
"##rable",
"death",
"threats",
"\"",
".",
"=",
"=",
"=",
"palestinian",
"national",
"council",
"=",
"=",
"=",
"from",
"1977",
"until",
"1991"
] | 877,018 |
, and the end of the peace process ( 2000 ). in 1985, said suffered personal consequences for his political activism when the jewish defense league ( jdl ) traduced said's public statements about the state and nature of arab – israeli relations, and officially said that said was a nazi, because of his anti – zionism statements, which the jdl viewed as anti @ - @ semitism ; an arsonist set fire to his office at columbia university, and he and his family were continually subjected to intimidations and " innumerable death threats ". = = = palestinian national council = = = from 1977 until 1991
| 1,159 |
[
",",
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",",
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"1993",
",",
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"his",
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"national",
"council",
",",
"to",
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"internal",
"politics",
"that",
"lead",
"to",
"the",
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"the",
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"on",
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"-",
"@",
"government",
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",",
"1993",
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",",
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"thought",
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"terms",
"unacceptable",
",",
"and",
"because",
"they",
"had",
"been",
"rejected",
"by",
"the",
"madrid",
"conference",
"of",
"1991",
"."
] | 877,019 |
, said was an independent member of the palestinian national council ( pnc ). in 1988, he was a proponent of the two @ - @ state solution to the israeli – palestinian conflict ( 1948 ), and voted for the establishment of the state of palestine at a meeting of the palestinian national council meeting in algiers. in 1993, said quit his membership to the palestinian national council, to protest the internal politics that lead to the signing of the oslo accords ( declaration of principles on interim self @ - @ government arrangements, 1993 ), because he thought the accord terms unacceptable, and because they had been rejected by the madrid conference of 1991.
| 1,159 |
[
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"##sp",
"##lea",
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"in",
"1967",
".",
"by",
"1995"
] | 877,020 |
said was displeased that the oslo accords would not produce an independent palestine, and that they were politically inferior to a plan that yasser arafat had rejected — a plan which said had presented to arafat on behalf of the u. s. government in the late 1970s. especially troublesome to said was his belief that yasir arafat had betrayed the right of return of the palestinian refugees to their houses and properties in the green line territories of pre – 1967 israel, and that arafat ignored the growing political threat of the israeli settlements in the occupied territories that had been established since the conquest of palestine in 1967. by 1995
| 59 |
[
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"s",
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"##rea",
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"the",
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"is",
"rooted",
"in",
"a"
] | 877,021 |
, in response to said's political criticisms, the palestinian authority ( pa ) banned the sale of said's books ; however, the pa lifted the book @ - @ ban when said publicly praised yasir arafat for rejecting prime minister ehud barak's offers at the middle east peace summit at camp david ( 2000 ) in the u. s. in the mid @ - @ 1990s, said wrote the foreword to the history book jewish history, jewish religion : the weight of three thousand years ( 1994 ), by israel shahak, which presents the cultural proposition that israel's mistreatment of the palestinians is rooted in a
| 720 |
[
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"of",
"a",
"g",
"##lo",
"##ating",
"and",
"un",
"##cr"
] | 877,022 |
judaic requirement ( of permission ) for jews to commit crimes, including murder, against gentiles ( non @ - @ jews ). in his foreword, said said that jewish history, jewish religion is " nothing less than a concise history of classic and modern judaism, insofar as these are relevant to the understanding of modern israel " ; and praised the historian shahak for describing contemporary israel as a nation subsumed in a " judeo – nazi " cultural ambience that allowed the dehumanization of the palestinian other : in all my works, i remained fundamentally critical of a gloating and uncr
| 721 |
[
"##itical",
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".",
".",
".",
".",
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".",
".",
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",",
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",",
"in",
"which",
"he",
"returned",
"to",
"the",
"country"
] | 877,023 |
##itical nationalism.... my view of palestine... remains the same today : i expressed all sorts of reservations about the insouciant nativism, and militant militarism of the nationalist consensus ; i suggested, instead, a critical look at the arab environment, palestinian history, and the israeli realities, with the explicit conclusion that only a negotiated settlement, between the two communities of suffering, arab and jewish, would provide respite from the unending war. in 1998, said made in search of palestine ( 1998 ), a bbc documentary film about palestine past and palestine present, in which he returned to the country
| 1,159 |
[
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".",
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"on",
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"east",
"with",
"his",
"son",
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"wadi",
"##e",
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"said",
"was",
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"throwing",
"a",
"stone",
"across",
"the",
"blue",
"line",
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"–",
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"border",
",",
"which",
"image",
"eli",
"##cite",
"##d",
"much",
"political",
"criticism",
"about",
"his",
"action",
"demonstrating"
] | 877,024 |
from which he had emigrated to the u. s. in 1947. in the company of his son, wadie, said revisited his places of boyhood, and confronted the israeli injustices ( social and cultural ) meted out to ordinary palestinians in the contemporary west bank. despite the social and cultural prestige usual to bbc cinema products in the u. s., the documentary was never broadcast by any american television company. on 3 july 2000, whilst touring the middle east with his son, wadie, said was photographed throwing a stone across the blue line lebanese – israel border, which image elicited much political criticism about his action demonstrating
| 2,134 |
[
"an",
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",",
"personal",
"sympathy",
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",",
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"an",
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"man",
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"s",
"gesture",
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"joy",
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"the",
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"the",
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"of",
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"(",
"1985",
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":",
"it",
"was",
"a",
"pe",
"##bble",
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"there",
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"guard",
"##house",
"was",
"at",
"least",
"half",
"a",
"mile",
"away",
".",
"despite",
"having"
] | 877,025 |
an inherent, personal sympathy with terrorism ; and, in commentary magazine, the journalist edward alexander labelled said as the professor of terror, for aggression against israel. said explained the stone @ - @ throwing as a two @ - @ fold action, personal and political ; a man @ - @ to @ - @ man contest @ - @ of @ - @ skill, between a father and his son, and an arab man's gesture of joy at the end of the israeli occupation of southern lebanon ( 1985 – 2000 ) : it was a pebble ; there was nobody there. the guardhouse was at least half a mile away. despite having
| 321 |
[
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"'",
"na",
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] | 877,026 |
denied that he aimed the stone at an israeli guardhouse, the beirut newspaper as @ - @ safir ( the ambassador ) reported that a lebanese local resident reported that said was at less than ten metres ( ca. 30 ft. ) distance from the israeli defense force ( idf ) soldiers manning the two @ - @ storey guardhouse, when said aimed and threw the stone over the border fence ; the stone's projectile path was thwarted when it struck the barbed wire atop the border fence. in the u. s., despite objections by some student groups at columbia university and the anti @ - @ defamation league of b'nai
| 798 |
[
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",",
"and",
"its",
"consequences",
"\""
] | 877,027 |
b'rith international ( sons of the covenant ), the university provost published a five @ - @ page letter defending said's action as academic freedom of expression : to my knowledge, the stone was directed at no @ - @ one ; no law was broken ; no indictment was made ; no criminal or civil action has been taken against professor said. said still endured political repercussions, such as the cancellation of a february 2001 invitation to austria to give a lecture to the freud society. the president of the freud society justified withdrawing the invitation by explaining to said that " the political situation in the middle east, and its consequences "
| 616 |
[
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".",
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"'",
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"for"
] | 877,028 |
had rendered an accusation of anti @ - @ semitism a very serious matter, and that any such accusation " has become more dangerous " in the politics of austria ; thus, the freud society cancelled their invitation to said in order to " to avoid an internal clash " of opinions, about him, that might ideologically divide the freud society. in culture and resistance : conversations with edward said, said likened his political situation to the situation that noam chomsky has endured as a public intellectual : it's very similar to his. he's a well @ - @ known, great linguist. he's been celebrated and honored for
| 273 |
[
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that, but he's also vilified as an anti – semite and as a hitler worshiper.... for anyone to deny the horrendous experience of anti @ - @ semitism and the holocaust is unacceptable. we don't want anybody's history of suffering to go unrecorded and unacknowledged. on the other hand, there's a great difference, between acknowledging jewish oppression and using that as a cover for the oppression of another people. under surveillance in 2003, haidar abdel @ - @ shafi, ibrahim dakak, mustafa barghouti,
| 725 |
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and said established al @ - @ mubadara ( the palestinian national initiative ), headed by dr. mustafa barghouti, a third @ - @ party reformist, democratic party meant to be an alternative to the usual two @ - @ party politics of palestine. as a political party, the ideology of al @ - @ mubadara is specifically an alternative to the extremist politics of the social @ - @ democratic fatah and the islamist hamas ( islamic resistance movement ). said's founding of the group, as well as his other international political activities concerning palestine, were noticed by the u. s. government ;
| 1,247 |
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in 2006, the anthropologist david price obtained 147 pages of the 283 @ - @ page political dossier that the fbi had compiled on said, begun in 1971, four years into his career as a public intellectual active in u. s. politics. besides having been a public intellectual, edward said was an accomplished pianist, worked as the music critic for the nation magazine, and wrote four books about music : musical elaborations ( 1991 ) ; parallels and paradoxes : explorations in music and society ( 2002 ), with daniel barenboim as co @ - @ author ; on late style : music and literature against the grain (
| 2,671 |
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2006 ) ; and music at the limits ( 2007 ) in which final tome he spoke of finding musical reflections of his literary and historical ideas in bold compositions and strong performances. elsewhere in the musical world, the composer mohammed fairouz acknowledged the deep influence of edward said upon his works ; compositionally, fairouz's first symphony thematically alludes to the essay " homage to a belly @ - @ dancer " ( 1990 ), about tahia carioca, the egyptian terpsichorean, actress, and political militant ; and a piano sonata titled reflections on exile ( 1984 ), which thematically refers to the emotions
| 2,315 |
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inherent to being an exile. in 1999, edward w. said and daniel barenboim co @ - @ founded the west @ - @ eastern divan orchestra, which is composed of young israeli, palestinian, and arab musicians. they also established the barenboim – said foundation in seville, to develop education @ - @ through @ - @ music projects. besides managing the west – eastern divan orchestra, the barenboim – said foundation assists with the administration of the academy of orchestral studies, the musical education in palestine project, and the early childhood musical education project, in seville. besides honors, memberships, and
| 617 |
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] | 877,034 |
postings to prestigious organizations world @ - @ wide, edward said was awarded some twenty honorary university degrees in the course of his professional life as an academic, critic, and man of letters. among the honors bestowed to him was the bowdoin prize by harvard university. he twice received the lionel trilling book award ; the first occasion was the inaugural bestowing of said literary award in 1976, for beginnings : intention and method ( 1974 ). he also received the wellek prize of the american comparative literature association, and was awarded the inaugural spinoza lens prize. in 2001, said was awarded the lannan literary award for lifetime achievement,
| 621 |
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and in 2002, he received the prince of asturias award for concord. he was the first u. s. citizen to receive the sultan owais prize ( for cultural & scientific achievements, 1996 – 1997 ). the autobiography out of place ( 1999 ) was bestowed three awards, the 1999 new yorker book award for non @ - @ fiction ; the 2000 anisfield @ - @ wolf book award for non @ - @ fiction ; and the morton dauwen zabel award in literature. = = death and legacy = = on 25 september 2003, after enduring a twelve @ - @ year sickness with chronic lymphocytic leukemia,
| 2,661 |
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edward w. said died, at 67 years of age, in new york city. he was survived by his wife, mariam c. said, his son, wadie said, and his daughter, najla said. the eulogists included alexander cockburn ( " a mighty and passionate heart " ) ; seamus deane ( " a late style of humanism " ) ; christopher hitchens ( " a valediction for edward said " ) ; tony judt ( " the rootless cosmopolitan " ) ; michael wood ( " on edward said " ) ; and tariq ali ( " remembering edward said, 1935 – 2003 "
| 985 |
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). in november 2004, in palestine, birzeit university renamed their music school the edward said national conservatory of music. the tributes to edward said include books and schools ; such as waiting for the barbarians : a tribute to edward w. said ( 2008 ) features essays by akeel bilgrami, rashid khalidi, and elias khoury ; edward said : the charisma of criticism ( 2010 ), by harold aram veeser, a critical biography ; and edward said : a legacy of emancipation and representations ( 2010 ), essays by joseph massad, ilan pappe, ella shohat,
| 985 |
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ghada karmi, noam chomsky, gayatri chakravorty spivak, and daniel barenboim ; and the barenboim – said academy ( berlin ) was established in 2012. = holger glinicki = holger glinicki ( born 25 october 1952 ) is a german wheelchair basketball coach, who coached hamburger sv. he was assistant coach of the german women's national team from 2003 to 2005. he has been coach of the team since 2006, during which time it has won five european championships, a silver medal at the 2008 summer paralympics in beijing and a
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",",
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",",
"2007",
",",
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"and",
"2011",
",",
"and"
] | 877,039 |
gold medal at the 2012 summer paralympics in london. = = biography = = holger glinicki was born in hamburg on 25 october 1952. he was paralysed following a motorcycle accident in 1972 that broke his fourth thoracic vertebra. he became involved in disability sports, playing wheelchair basketball for rsc hamburg, who were the german national champions in 1983, and played a total of 123 international games. he became assistant coach of the german women's national wheelchair basketball team in 2003, and then coach in 2006. the team won five consecutive european championships, in 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009 and 2011, and
| 1,311 |
[
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"'",
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"at",
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"since",
"1984"
] | 877,040 |
a silver medal at the 2008 summer paralympics in beijing. the german team started off slow in its games against the united states and china at the 2012 summer paralympics, winning these games by slim six @ - @ point margins. marina mohnen thought that they played their best basketball only in the final minutes of a game. they defeated the australia women's national wheelchair basketball team at the 2012 summer paralympics by 44 – 58 in front of a crowd of over 12 @, @ 000 at the north greenwich arena to win the gold medal. it was the first gold medal that germany had won in women's wheelchair basketball at the paralympics since 1984
| 1,333 |
[
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"'",
"s",
"br",
"##idi"
] | 877,041 |
. they were awarded the silver laurel leaf by president joachim gauck in november 2012, and were named team of the year for 2012. glinicki celebrated by plunging off canary wharf into london's river thames. he was named hamburg's coach of the year for 2012. glinicki was philosophical about the win, noting in december 2012 that there were many awards and ceremonies, but that the memory of london was fading over time. he returned to coaching his club team, hamburger sv ( now renamed bg baskets hamburg ), which included national team members mareike adermann and edina muller ( and australia's bridi
| 240 |
[
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".",
"=",
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"=",
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":",
"gold",
"european"
] | 877,042 |
##e kean ). it went on to win the national championship for the eighth time in 2013. the national team was not so fortunate, losing the european championship to the netherlands by a point, 56 – 57, before a home town crowd in frankfurt in july 2013. in april 2014, glinicki coached bg baskets hamburg to a win in the final of the international wheelchair basketball federation euro league challenge cup, its first international title, with a 62 – 54 over the frankfurt mainhatten skywheelers. the team also won the fair play award of the international wheelchair basketball federation europe. = = achievements = = 2003 : gold european
| 1,311 |
[
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"toronto",
",",
"canada",
")",
"=",
"big",
"man",
"on",
"hip",
"##po"
] | 877,043 |
championships ( hamburg, germany ) 2005 : gold european championships ( villeneuve d'ascq, france ) 2007 : gold european championships ( wetzlar, germany ) 2008 : silver paralympic games ( beijing, china ) 2009 : gold european championships ( stoke mandeville, great britain ) 2010 : silver world championships ( birmingham, great britain ) 2011 : gold european championships ( nazareth, israel ) 2012 : gold paralympic games ( london, great britain ) 2012 : hamburg coach of the year for 2012. 2013 : silver european championships ( frankfurt, germany ) 2014 : silver at the world championships ( toronto, canada ) = big man on hippo
| 1,334 |
[
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",",
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"to"
] | 877,044 |
##campus = " big man on hippocampus " is the tenth episode of the eighth season of the fox animated comedy family guy. it originally aired on fox in the united states on january 3, 2010. the episode features peter after he suddenly begins suffering from amnesia, and can no longer remember anything about his life, including his own family and friends. his wife, lois, then attempts to reintroduce peter to his surroundings, but he soon discovers partying, and having sex with other women is much more entertaining. frustrated, lois decides to leave her husband, causing her neighbor, quagmire, to attempt to
| 2,939 |
[
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"13",
",",
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".",
"the",
"episode",
"opens",
"with"
] | 877,045 |
win her over. the episode was written by brian scully and directed by dominic bianchi. it received generally negative reviews from critics, for its " promising start, " as well as its many cultural references. according to the nielsen ratings, it was viewed in 8 @. @ 1 million homes in its original airing. the episode featured guest performances by dwayne johnson, adrianne palicki, and rick pasqualone, along with several recurring guest voice actors for the series. " big man on hippocampus " was released on dvd along with ten other episodes from the season on december 13, 2011. the episode opens with
| 2,949 |
[
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"with",
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"in",
"his",
"newfound",
"\"",
"bachelor"
] | 877,046 |
the griffin family watching television. a commercial for local auditions of the syndicated game show family feud is shown, prompting them to try out the next day. the griffins are chosen for the show and reach the final round. during a fight with richard dawson about welching on the prize money, peter hits his head. this causes him to forget everything about his life, including his family and friends. lois tries to jog his memory by reintroducing him to his old self, including his children and his sex life. unfortunately, this causes peter to believe that he's free to have sexual relations with others in his newfound " bachelor
| 2,417 |
[
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"that",
"he",
"had",
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"his",
"memory",
"after",
"ernie",
"the",
"giant"
] | 877,047 |
##hood. " lois had earlier told him that it is inappropriate to have sex with his children - in response, meg attempts an incest joke ( " well, i wish you would've told him that before he lost his memory! " ). most of the family lambaste her for this and chris kicks her out of the room. deeply angered, lois decides to move out, taking the kids. when quagmire finds out, he jumps on the opportunity to pursue a relationship with lois. when brian returns home to warn peter about the consequences of this development, peter reveals that he had regained his memory after ernie the giant
| 2,470 |
[
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"##ia",
"using",
":",
"a"
] | 877,048 |
chicken hit him on the head with " an odd number of objects " earlier that day. alerted by brian's warnings, peter rushes to reclaim lois, just as quagmire's plans had been delayed by guilt @ - @ induced impotence when lois confessed that she " trusts " him. peter then professes his love for her, and desire to be with her for the rest of his life, causing lois to love him again. the two walk home, happy in their reunion, leaving quagmire as he frustratedly attempts increasingly drastic measures to " resuscitate " his genitalia using : a
| 2,470 |
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] | 877,049 |
penis pump, intravenous therapy, and a crash cart with a defibrillator in his closet. = = production and development = = this episode was written by brian scully, older brother of long @ - @ time simpsons writer and producer mike scully. this was his second family guy episode, the first being " i dream of jesus " from the seventh season. series regular dominic bianchi directed the episode, before the conclusion of the eighth production season. " big man on hippocampus ", along with the eleven other episodes from family guy's eighth season, was released on a three @ - @ disc dvd set
| 2,962 |
[
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"episode",
","
] | 877,050 |
in the united states on december 13, 2011. the sets include brief audio commentaries by various crew and cast members for several episodes, a collection of deleted scenes and animatics, a special mini @ - @ feature which discussed the process behind animating " and then there were fewer ", a mini @ - @ feature entitled " the comical adventures of family guy – brian & stewie : the lost phone call ", and footage of the family guy panel at the 2010 san diego comic @ - @ con international. in addition to the regular cast, actor dwayne johnson made a brief live @ - @ action appearance in the episode,
| 2,949 |
[
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"episode",
".",
"actress",
"adrian",
"##ne",
"pali",
"##cki",
"and",
"voice"
] | 877,051 |
appearing as himself, along with two action figures of peter and lois, which he proceeds to bang on top of each other in order to illustrate a censored sex scene. commenting on his appearance in the episode, johnson stated that he was a " big fan " of family guy, having quickly befriended show creator seth macfarlane after he had in a minor role in johnson's 2010 film tooth fairy. while filming the movie, johnson had reached out to macfarlane, saying that he would love to " return the favor " by appearing on family guy, which eventually led to his role in this episode. actress adrianne palicki and voice
| 2,514 |
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] | 877,052 |
actor rick pasqualone also guest starred in the episode. recurring guest voice actors alexandra breckenridge, writer steve callaghan, voice actor ralph garman, writer mark hentemann, writer danny smith, writer alec sulkin and writer john viener also made minor appearances. actors patrick warburton and adam west made a few appearances as well. = = cultural references = = the episode contains numerous in @ - @ jokes and references to other events. as the episode opens, the family sees an announcement about auditions for the game show family feud. deciding to try out, the family is quickly chosen, along with the family of
| 2,725 |
[
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"meg",
",",
"he",
"ex",
"##claim",
"##s",
"\"",
"d",
"'",
"oh"
] | 877,053 |
show writer steve callaghan. the segment features a re @ - @ creation of the game show's original 1976 set and rules, including host richard dawson's practice of kissing the female contestants. as an answer to one of the questions, peter supplies " the flute that captain picard played, first in his imagination, and then in real life, in the episode " the inner light " from star trek : the next generation. " then, during the fast money round, when lois was asked to name a favorite holiday, stewie answered 9 / 11. when peter is introduced to meg, he exclaims " d'oh
| 2,234 |
[
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"then",
"steals",
"a",
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",",
"in",
"a",
"parody"
] | 877,054 |
! ", to which lois replies " no, peter, that's not your catchphrase ", an allusion to homer simpson in the simpsons. in a further attempt to restore peter's memory, lois decides to show peter footage of their honeymoon, which is reminiscent of the corona commercials with its scene of a bottle of beer placed between the couple, as they are both sitting on a beach. going on to teach peter how to drive, lois gives him a copy of the video game grand theft auto. as a result, he kills a prostitute with a baseball bat, steals her money then steals a car, in a parody
| 2,470 |
[
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"network",
"block",
"adult",
"swim",
".",
"the",
"adult",
"swim",
"broadcast",
"also"
] | 877,055 |
of the actions the player is allowed to perform in the game itself. peter also rediscovers " surfin'bird " by the trashmen and sings to it while dancing, annoying the family. the griffins had been previously tormented by it in the seventh season episode " i dream of jesus ", which the writer of the episode, brian scully, also wrote. at the end of the first act, when brian says " oh no ", ( in place of the commercial interlude from night rider ) a series of white on black text is shown, in a parody of the cartoon network block adult swim. the adult swim broadcast also
| 2,285 |
[
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"ti",
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"##ni",
"also",
"tells",
"peter",
"he",
"need",
"not",
"worry",
"about"
] | 877,056 |
features the animation domination graphics package used by fox, but replaces fox with adult swim. paul hogan from " crocodile " dundee makes an appearance when lois is teaching peter how to use silverware. she says " this is a knife " saying his machete is a knife, referencing a famous scene from the film. returning home from a night out, peter brings home tiffani thiessen from saved by the bell, naively thinking he is allowed to have sex with her. the reference is made clear when peter asks her if she bought a necklace using her money from the show. tiffani also tells peter he need not worry about
| 2,437 |
[
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".",
"=",
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"=",
"=",
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"was",
"viewed"
] | 877,057 |
her conceiving, as she is " already pregnant. " in real life, thiessen was expecting her first child at the time. after lois decides to leave peter, she is shown shopping for groceries at the quahog market. quagmire sneakingly approaches her from behind, saying his " giggity " catchphrase to the shark motif composed by john williams for the 1975 film jaws. the title is a pun on the common phrase big man on campus, but with campus changed to hippocampus, a reference to peter's amnesia in the episode. = = reception = = the episode was viewed
| 2,470 |
[
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"[",
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"]",
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",",
"\""
] | 877,058 |
in 8 @. @ 1 million homes, and received a nielsen rating of 3 @. @ 9 / 9 in the 18 – 49 demographic. in addition, it was also the second most viewed and second highest rated show on fox's animation domination lineup, losing slightly to the simpsons, but continued its lead over both the cleveland show and american dad! in total viewership and ratings. reviews of the episode were negative, citing the storyline as " safe, " without any offensive jokes for the sake of being offensive. " ahsan haque of ign praised the " cohesive story " as " [ succeeding ] on its simplicity, "
| 2,973 |
[
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] | 877,059 |
but criticized the series for continuing to broadcast in the 4 : 3 format, as opposed to widescreen like macfarlane's other two shows. todd vanderwerff of the a. v. club reviewed the episode more negatively, however, criticizing the writers for using " storylines as a thin spine to hang jokes on, " giving the episode a d rating. jason hughes of tv squad commended the live @ - @ action sequence featuring johnson, as well as the utilization of meg's personality to create an awkward situation with the family. despite the somewhat negative criticism, the episode still ended up on the most downloaded episodes list on itunes 2010
| 2,959 |
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] | 877,060 |
rewind. australian channel 7mate received criticism for airing the episode on 12 august 2014, 14 hours after the suicide of robin williams, who features in a cutaway implying that he is overrated. a spokesperson for the channel subsequently stated " it was a coincidence ". manasa, also mansa devi, is a hindu folk goddess of snakes, worshipped mainly in bengal and other parts of north and northeastern india, chiefly for the prevention and cure of snakebite and also for fertility and prosperity. manasa is the sister of vasuki, king of nagas ( snakes ) and wife of sage jagatkaru ( jarat
| 2,239 |
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",",
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"##sa",
"’"
] | 877,061 |
##karu ). she is also known as vishahara ( the destroyer of poison ), nitya ( eternal ) and padmavati. her myths emphasize her bad temper and unhappiness, due to rejection by her father shiva and her husband, and the hatred of her stepmother, chandi ( shiva's wife, identified with parvati in this context ). in some scriptures, sage kashyapa is considered to be her father, rather than shiva. manasa is depicted as kind to her devotees, but harsh to people who refused to worship her. denied full godhead by her mixed parentage, manasa ’
| 2,200 |
[
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"as",
"the",
"\"",
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"##r",
"of"
] | 877,062 |
s aim was to fully establish her authority as a goddess and to acquire steadfast human devotees. manasa first appears in the hindu text atharva veda as a snake goddess. in the puranas, she was recognized as a daughter of sage kashyapa and kadru, the mother of all nagas. by the 14th century, manasa was identified as the goddess of fertility and marriage rites and was assimilated into the shaiva pantheon as a relative of shiva. myths glorified her by describing that she saved shiva after he drank poison, and venerated her as the " remover of
| 2,643 |
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"often",
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] | 877,063 |
poison ". her popularity grew and spread to southern india, and her cult began to rival shaivism itself. as a consequence, stories attributing manasa's birth to shiva emerged and ultimately shaivism adopted this indigenous goddess into the brahmanical tradition of mainstream hinduism. = = iconography = = manasa is depicted as a woman covered with snakes, sitting on a lotus or standing upon a snake. she is sheltered by the canopy of the hoods of seven cobras. sometimes, she is depicted with a child on her lap. the child is assumed to be her son, astika. she is often called
| 2,680 |
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"who",
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] | 877,064 |
" the one @ - @ eyed goddess " and among the hajong tribe of northeastern india she is called kani diyaʊ ( blind goddess ), as one of her eyes was burnt by her stepmother chandi. the mahabharata tells the story of manasa's marriage. sage jagatkaru practiced severe austerities and had decided to abstain from marriage. once he came across a group of men hanging from a tree upside down. these men were his ancestors, who were doomed to misery as their children had not performed their last rites. so they advised jagatkaru to marry and have a son who could
| 2,414 |
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".",
"once",
",",
"when",
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"##s",
"and",
"reptiles",
"had",
"created"
] | 877,065 |
free them of those miseries by performing the ceremonies. vasuki offered his sister manasa's hand to jagatkaru. manasa mothered a son, astika, who freed his ancestors. astika also helped in saving the naga race from destruction when king janamejaya decided to exterminate them by sacrificing them in his yajna, fire offering. puranas are the first scriptures to speak about her birth. they declare that sage kashyapa is her father, not shiva as described in the mangalkavyas. once, when serpents and reptiles had created
| 432 |
[
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"would",
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"her",
"if",
"she",
"di",
"##so",
"##bey",
"##ed"
] | 877,066 |
chaos on the earth, sage kashyapa created goddess manasa from his mind ( mana ). the creator god brahma made her the presiding deity of snakes and reptiles. manasa gained control over the earth, by the power of mantras she chanted. manasa then propitiated the god, shiva, who told her to please krishna. upon being pleased, krishna granted her divine siddhi powers and ritually worshipped her, making her an established goddess. kashyapa married manasa to sage jaratkaru, who agreed to marry her on the condition that he would leave her if she disobeyed
| 2,609 |
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"##s",
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"##ila",
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"origin",
"and",
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] | 877,067 |
him. once, when jaratkaru was awakened by manasa, he became upset with her because she awakened him too late for worship, and so he deserted her. on the request of the great hindu gods, jaratkaru returned to manasa and she gave birth to astika, their son. the mangalkavyas were devotional paeans to local deities such as manasa, composed in bengal between the 13th and the 18th centuries. the manasa mangalkavya by bijay gupta and manasa vijaya ( 1495 ) by bipradas pipilai trace the origin and myths
| 927 |
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"-",
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] | 877,068 |
of the goddess. according to manasa vijaya, manasa was born when a statue of girl that had been sculpted by vasuki's mother was touched by shiva's semen. vasuki accepted manasa as his sister, and granted her charge of the poison that was produced when king prithu milked the earth as a cow. when shiva saw manasa, he was sexually attracted to her, but she proved to him that he was her father. shiva took manasa to his home where his wife, chandi, suspected manasa of being shiva's concubine or co @ - @ wife
| 2,425 |
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",",
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",",
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".",
"chan",
"##di",
"advised",
"mana",
"##sa",
"to"
] | 877,069 |
, and insulted manasa and burnt one of her eyes, leaving manasa half @ - @ blind. later, when shiva was dying of poison, manasa cured him. on one occasion, when chandi kicked her, manasa rendered her senseless with a glance of her poison eye. finally, tired of quarrels between manasa and chandi, shiva deserted manasa under a tree, but created a companion for her from his tears of remorse, called neto or neta. later, the sage jaratkaru married manasa, but chandi ruined manasa's wedding night. chandi advised manasa to
| 2,200 |
[
"wear",
"snake",
"ornaments",
"and",
"then",
"threw",
"a",
"frog",
"in",
"the",
"br",
"##idal",
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"which",
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"to",
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",",
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",",
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"to",
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"she",
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"by",
"the",
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"forced",
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"by",
"raining",
"cal",
"##ami",
"##ty",
"on",
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"who",
"denied",
"her",
"power",
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"managed",
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"walks",
"of",
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"including",
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"ruler",
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"##d",
"sad",
"##aga",
"##r"
] | 877,070 |
wear snake ornaments and then threw a frog in the bridal chamber which caused the snakes to run around the chamber. as a consequence, the terrified jaratkaru ran away from the house. after few days, he returned and astika, their son, was born. accompanied by her adviser, neto, manasa descended to earth to obtain human devotees. she was initially mocked by the people but then manasa forced them to worship her by raining calamity on those who denied her power. she managed to convert people from different walks of life, including the muslim ruler hasan, but failed to convert chand sadagar
| 183 |
[
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"##hul",
"##a",
"and",
"married",
"him",
".",
"mana",
"##sa"
] | 877,071 |
. manasa wanted to become a goddess like lakshmi or saraswati. in order to get there she had to achieve the worship chand sadagar who was extremely adamant and took oath not to worship manasa. thus to gain his fear and insecurity manasa one by one killed his six sons. at last manasa conspired against two dancers of indras court who loved each other, anirudha and usha. anirudh had to take birth as lakhinder, chand and sanaka's seventh son. usha took birth as behula and married him. manasa
| 2,173 |
[
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"##sa",
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"##lka",
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"to",
"an",
"un",
"##just",
"curse",
"she",
"gave",
"to",
"chan"
] | 877,072 |
killed him but behula floated on water for nine months with the dead body of her husband and finally brought back the lives of the seven sons and the lost prosperity of chand. at last, he yielded by offering a flower to the goddess with his left hand without even looking at her. this gesture made manasa so happy that she resurrected all of chand's sons and restored his fame and fortunes. the mangal kavyas say that after this, the worship of manasa was popular forever more. manasa mangalkavya attributes manasa's difficulty in attracting devotees to an unjust curse she gave to chan
| 2,208 |
[
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"chan",
"##d",
"then",
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"##tal",
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"the",
"]",
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"of",
"[",
"chan",
"##d",
"sad",
"##aga",
"##r",
"and",
"]",
"mana",
"##sa"
] | 877,073 |
##d in his previous life. chand then retaliated with a counter @ - @ curse that worshipping her would not be popular on earth unless he worshipped her also. in many renditions of the myth, manasa is depicted as being quite dependent on neta ( traditionally imagined as a washerwoman ) for ideas and moral support. in fact, of the two, manasa is often the stupider one - a curious instance of anthropomorphism. ananda k. coomaraswamy and sister nivedita say, " [ the ] legend of [ chand sadagar and ] manasa
| 2,276 |
[
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",",
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".",
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".",
"a",
"branch",
"of",
"a",
"tree",
",",
"an",
"earth",
"##en",
"pot"
] | 877,074 |
devi, [... ] who must be as old as the mykenean stratum in asiatic society, reflects the conflict between the religion of shiva and that of female local deities in bengal. afterwards manasa or padma was recognized as a form of shakti, [... ] and her worship accepted by shaivas. she is a phase of the mother @ - @ divinity who for so many worshippers is nearer and dearer than the far @ - @ off and impersonal shiva... ". generally, manasa is worshipped without an image. a branch of a tree, an earthen pot
| 376 |
[
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",",
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",",
"who",
"is",
"called",
"net",
"##a",
",",
"net",
"##id",
"##hop",
"##ani"
] | 877,075 |
or an earthen snake image is worshipped as the goddess, though images of manasa are worshipped too. she is worshipped for protection from and cure of snake bites and infectious diseases like smallpox and chicken pox. the cult of manasa is most widespread in bengal, where she is ritually worshipped in temples. the goddess is widely worshipped in the rainy season, when the snakes are most active. manasa is also a very important fertility deity, especially among the lower castes, and her blessings are invoked during marriage or for childlessness. she is usually worshipped and mentioned along with neto, who is called neta, netidhopani
| 181 |
[
",",
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",",
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"mana",
"##sam",
"##anga",
"##l",
"was",
"the",
"first",
"to",
"initiate"
] | 877,076 |
, netalasundori, etc. in various parts of bengal. in north bengal, among the rajbanshis, manasa ( called bishohora, bishohori or padmavati ) is one of the most important goddesses, and her thaan ( shrine ) may be found in the courtyard of almost every agrarian household. among the lower @ - @ caste hindus of east bengal ( present @ - @ day bangladesh ) too, she is worshipped with great pomp. manasa is an especially important deity in bengal for the mercantile castes. this is because chando of the manasamangal was the first to initiate
| 181 |
[
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"mega",
"men",
"##do",
"##eng",
"=",
"mega",
"men",
"##do"
] | 877,077 |
her worship, and behula, the heroine of the manasamangal was a daughter of the saha clan ( a powerful trading community ). manasa is also worshipped extensively in assam, and a kind of oja @ - @ pali ( musical folk theatre ) is dedicated entirely to her myth. manasa is ceremonially worshipped on nag panchami - a festival of snake worship in the hindu month of shravan ( july – august ). bengali women observe a fast ( vrata ) on this day and offer milk at snake holes. = = notable temples = = = mega mendoeng = mega mendo
| 2,295 |
[
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"s",
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"and",
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",",
"was",
"shot",
"concurrently",
"with",
"so"
] | 877,078 |
##eng ( [ məˈga mənˈdʊŋ ] ; perfected spelling : mega mendung ) is a black @ - @ and @ - @ white drama film from the dutch east indies ( now indonesia ) directed by boen kin nam and produced by ang hock liem for union films. starring rd soekarno, oedjang, boen sofiati, and soehaena, it follows two young lovers who are separated by lies but ultimately reunite at the village of mega mendoeng in bogor. this film, union's seventh and final production, was shot concurrently with so
| 2,052 |
[
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"unknown",
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",",
"this",
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"by",
"ra",
"##den"
] | 877,079 |
##eara berbisa and completed over a period of three months. it was released in early 1942 and screened as late as july of that year, but may now be lost. winanta's father, raden koesoema, tells him that he should divorce his wife, retnaningsih, to marry his cousin fatimah, on threat of being disowned. to spare her husband from this fate, retnaningsih decides to abandon him and moves from bandung to batavia ( now jakarta ), where she lives a life of poverty. unknown to her, this decision is used by raden
| 2,439 |
[
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",",
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"##anta",
"that",
"ko",
"##est",
"##ini",
"has",
"spent"
] | 877,080 |
koesoema as proof of her that she was not trustworthy. winanta falls into despair, but eventually marries fatimah. eighteen years later, winanta and fatimah have had a daughter named koestini ( boen sofiati ), who is studying in batavia. educated, graceful, and beautiful, she is popular with young men but only returns the affections of soedjono ( rd soekarno ), a young assistant pharmacist who is polite and refined. one of her spurned suitors, soekatma, decides to ruin their relationship by telling winanta that koestini has spent
| 2,449 |
[
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",",
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".",
"=",
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"##eng",
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"nam",
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",",
"a",
"production",
"house",
"based",
"out",
"of",
"batavia",
"(",
"now"
] | 877,081 |
all of her time chasing boys rather than studying. believing these lies, winanta recalls koestini to bandung. koestini falls ill, and her death is reported. driven mad by the news, soedjono begins wandering aimlessly. ultimately, as if guided by some unseen force, he discovers koestini alive in a village called mega mendoeng, near bogor. this discovery brings him back to his senses, and the two are able to live happily together. = = production = = mega mendoeng was directed by boen kin nam for union films, a production house based out of batavia ( now
| 2,455 |
[
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"which",
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"after",
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"the",
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"white",
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"##eka",
"##rno",
",",
"o",
"##ed",
"##jan",
"##g",
",",
"bo",
"##en",
"sofia",
"##ti",
",",
"and"
] | 877,082 |
jakarta ) which was run by tjoa ma tjoen and financed by ang hock liem. a sound technician by training, mega mendoeng was boen's only full directorial credit. liem served as producer. the film was announced in september 1941 and produced concurrently with soeara berbisa ( venomous voice ), a film on which boen acted as assistant director. mega mendoeng was completed by december 1941, after soeara berbisa. the black @ - @ and @ - @ white film starred rd soekarno, oedjang, boen sofiati, and
| 276 |
[
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"-",
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",",
"including",
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".",
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"stated",
"that",
"the",
"film",
"was",
"made",
"along",
"real",
"##ist",
"lines",
"and",
"aimed"
] | 877,083 |
soehaena ; it also featured ratna djoewita, ratnasih, gamari fadjar, and moesa. oedjang had acted for union since its first film, kedok ketawa ( the laughing mask ; 1940 ), while soekarno and soehaena had made their debuts in soeara berbisa. sofiati, a stage actress who operated her own troupe, was a newcomer to cinema. this cast was of various socio @ - @ economic backgrounds, including noblemen and stage actors. although union stated that the film was made along realist lines and aimed
| 2,037 |
[
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",",
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"set",
"in",
"the",
"maj",
"##apa",
"##hit",
"era",
"titled",
"dam",
"##ar",
"wo",
"##ela"
] | 877,084 |
at educated viewers, owing to the inclusion of stage actors – people who usually entertained lower class audiences – the indonesian film historian misbach yusa biran suggests that this was untrue. = = release and legacy = = mega mendoeng was released in early 1942, the seventh and final film completed by union. with a japanese invasion looming, the february 1942 edition of the film magazine pertjatoeran doenia dan film reported that several studios would move away from the colonial capital of batavia or go on a production hiatus. union, though already beginning production of a film set in the majapahit era titled damar woela
| 2,789 |
[
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"and",
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"as",
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"the",
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"karl",
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".",
"he",
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"from",
"before",
"1950",
"are",
"lost",
".",
"however",
",",
"j",
".",
"b",
".",
"kris"
] | 877,085 |
##n, was forced to close shop ; it never reopened. soekarno returned to the film industry in the 1950s and was active until the 1970s, mostly credited as rendra karno. mega mendoeng was screened as late as july 1942, but may now be lost. movies in the indies were recorded on highly flammable nitrate film, and after a fire destroyed much of produksi film negara's warehouse in 1952, old films shot on nitrate were deliberately destroyed. as such, the american visual anthropologist karl g. heider suggests that all indonesian films from before 1950 are lost. however, j. b. kris
| 67 |
[
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"=",
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",",
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",",
"1900",
",",
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"outcome",
"of",
"the",
"disputed",
"kentucky",
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"election",
"of",
"1899",
".",
"the",
"lit",
"##igan",
"##ts",
"were",
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"candidate",
"william",
"s",
".",
"taylor",
"and",
"democratic",
"lieutenant",
"gubernatorial",
"candidate",
"j",
".",
"c",
"."
] | 877,086 |
##tanto's katalog film indonesia records several as having survived at sinematek indonesia's archives, and biran writes that several japanese propaganda films have survived at the netherlands government information service. = = explanatory notes = = = taylor v. beckham = taylor v. beckham, 178 u. s. 548 ( 1900 ), was a case heard before the supreme court of the united states on april 30 and may 1, 1900, to decide the outcome of the disputed kentucky gubernatorial election of 1899. the litigants were republican gubernatorial candidate william s. taylor and democratic lieutenant gubernatorial candidate j. c.
| 1,218 |
[
"w",
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",",
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",",
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",",
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"go",
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"30",
",",
"1900",
",",
"one",
"day",
"before",
"the",
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"enough",
"taylor",
"votes",
"invalid",
"to",
"swing",
"the",
"election",
"to",
"go",
"##eb"
] | 877,087 |
w. beckham. in the november 7, 1899, election, taylor received 193 @, @ 714 votes to democrat william goebel's 191 @, @ 331. this result was certified by a 2 – 1 decision of the state's board of elections. goebel challenged the election results on the basis of alleged voting irregularities, and the democrat @ - @ controlled kentucky general assembly formed a committee to investigate goebel's claims. goebel was shot on january 30, 1900, one day before the general assembly approved the committee's report declaring enough taylor votes invalid to swing the election to goeb
| 1,224 |
[
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",",
"an",
"outcome",
"that",
"favored",
"beck",
"##ham",
".",
"the",
"kentucky",
"court"
] | 877,088 |
##el. as he lay dying of his wounds, goebel was sworn into office on january 31, 1900. he died on february 3, 1900, and beckham ascended to the governorship. claiming the general assembly's decision was invalid, taylor sued to prevent beckham from exercising the authority of the governor's office. beckham countersued taylor for possession of the state capitol and governor's mansion. the suits were consolidated and heard in jefferson county circuit court, which claimed it had no authority to interfere with the method of deciding contested elections prescribed by the state constitution, an outcome that favored beckham. the kentucky court
| 1,202 |
[
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"s",
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"and",
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"s",
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"that",
"he",
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"deprived",
"of",
"property",
"without",
"due",
"process",
"by",
"stating",
"that",
"an",
"elect",
"##ive",
"office",
"was",
"not",
"property",
"and",
"thus",
"not",
"protected",
"by",
"the",
"fourteenth",
"amendment",
".",
"the",
"injection",
"of",
"taylor",
"'",
"s",
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"under",
"the",
"fourteenth",
"amendment",
"gave",
"him",
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"to",
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"decision",
"to",
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"u",
".",
"s",
".",
"supreme",
"court",
".",
"in",
"a",
"majority",
"opinion",
"delivered",
"by",
"chief",
"justice",
"melville",
"fuller",
",",
"the",
"supreme",
"court",
"also",
"rejected",
"taylor",
"'",
"s",
"claim",
"to",
"loss",
"of",
"property",
"without",
"due",
"process",
"and",
"thus",
"refused",
"to",
"intervene",
"on",
"taylor",
"'",
"s",
"behalf",
",",
"claiming",
"that",
"no",
"federal",
"issues",
"were",
"in",
"question",
"and",
"the",
"court",
"lacked",
"jurisdiction",
".",
"justices",
"gray",
","
] | 877,089 |
of appeals upheld the circuit court's decision on appeal and rejected taylor's claim that he had been deprived of property without due process by stating that an elective office was not property and thus not protected by the fourteenth amendment. the injection of taylor's claim under the fourteenth amendment gave him grounds to appeal the decision to the u. s. supreme court. in a majority opinion delivered by chief justice melville fuller, the supreme court also rejected taylor's claim to loss of property without due process and thus refused to intervene on taylor's behalf, claiming that no federal issues were in question and the court lacked jurisdiction. justices gray,
| 1,106 |
[
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",",
"shi",
"##ras",
",",
"and",
"peck",
"##ham",
"con",
"##cu",
"##rred",
"with",
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"justice",
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",",
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",",
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"that",
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"con",
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"with",
"the",
"result",
"in",
"favor",
"of",
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"##ham",
".",
"kent",
"##uck",
"##ian",
"john",
"marshall",
"harlan",
"authored",
"the",
"lone",
"dissent",
"from",
"the",
"majority",
"opinion",
",",
"claiming",
"that",
"the",
"court",
"did",
"have",
"jurisdiction",
"and",
"should",
"have",
"found",
"in",
"favor",
"of",
"taylor",
"based",
"on",
"his",
"claim",
"of",
"loss",
"of",
"property",
"without",
"due",
"process",
".",
"he",
"further",
"argued",
"that",
"elect",
"##ive",
"office"
] | 877,090 |
white, shiras, and peckham concurred with the majority opinion. justice joseph mckenna concurred with the decision to dismiss, but expressed reservations about the determination that an elected office was not property. justice david j. brewer, joined by justice henry b. brown, contended that the supreme court did have jurisdiction, but concurred with the result in favor of beckham. kentuckian john marshall harlan authored the lone dissent from the majority opinion, claiming that the court did have jurisdiction and should have found in favor of taylor based on his claim of loss of property without due process. he further argued that elective office
| 1,205 |
[
"fell",
"under",
"the",
"definition",
"of",
"\"",
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"\"",
"as",
"used",
"in",
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"was",
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"=",
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",",
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",",
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"commissioners",
"in",
"all",
"of",
"kentucky",
"'",
"s",
"counties",
".",
"the",
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"was",
"empowered",
"to",
"examine",
"election",
"returns",
"and",
"ce",
"##rti",
"##fy",
"the",
"results",
".",
"the",
"power",
"to",
"decide",
"the",
"outcome",
"of",
"disputed",
"elections",
"remained",
"with",
"the",
"general",
"assembly",
"under",
"section",
"153",
"of",
"the",
"state",
"constitution",
".",
"the",
"law",
"was",
"commonly",
"referred",
"to",
"as",
"the",
"go",
"##eb",
"##el",
"election",
"law",
",",
"a",
"reference",
"to",
"its",
"sponsor",
",",
"president",
"pro",
"tempo",
"##re",
"of",
"the"
] | 877,091 |
fell under the definition of " liberty " as used in the fourteenth amendment and was protected by due process. = = background = = in 1898, the kentucky general assembly enacted a law which created a board of election commissioners, appointed by the general assembly, who were responsible for choosing election commissioners in all of kentucky's counties. the board was empowered to examine election returns and certify the results. the power to decide the outcome of disputed elections remained with the general assembly under section 153 of the state constitution. the law was commonly referred to as the goebel election law, a reference to its sponsor, president pro tempore of the
| 1,202 |
[
"kentucky",
"senate",
"william",
"go",
"##eb",
"##el",
".",
"because",
"the",
"general",
"assembly",
"was",
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"democratic",
"and",
"go",
"##eb",
"##el",
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"as",
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",",
"the",
"law",
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"attacked",
"as",
"b",
"##lat",
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"and",
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"@",
"-",
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".",
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"organized",
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"the",
"law",
",",
"but",
"the",
"kentucky",
"court",
"of",
"appeals",
"upheld",
"it",
"as",
"constitutional",
".",
"go",
"##eb",
"##el",
"secured",
"the",
"democratic",
"nomination",
"for",
"governor",
"at",
"a",
"contentious",
"no",
"##minating",
"convention",
".",
"despite",
"the",
"nominations",
"of",
"two",
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"party",
"candidates",
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"of",
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"john",
"y",
".",
"brown",
"by",
"a",
"di",
"##ssi",
"##dent",
"faction",
"of",
"democrats",
"–",
"the",
"race",
"centered",
"on",
"go",
"##eb",
"##el",
"and",
"his",
"republican",
"opponent",
",",
"attorney",
"general"
] | 877,092 |
kentucky senate william goebel. because the general assembly was heavily democratic and goebel was considered a likely democratic aspirant for the governorship in the 1899 election, the law was attacked as blatantly partisan and self @ - @ serving. republicans organized a test case against the law, but the kentucky court of appeals upheld it as constitutional. goebel secured the democratic nomination for governor at a contentious nominating convention. despite the nominations of two minor party candidates – including that of former governor john y. brown by a dissident faction of democrats – the race centered on goebel and his republican opponent, attorney general
| 1,218 |
[
"william",
"s",
".",
"taylor",
".",
"the",
"results",
"of",
"the",
"election",
"were",
"too",
"close",
"to",
"call",
"for",
"several",
"days",
".",
"before",
"the",
"official",
"results",
"could",
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"announced",
",",
"charges",
"of",
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"irregularities",
"began",
".",
"in",
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"county",
",",
"1",
"@",
",",
"@",
"200",
"ballots",
"listed",
"the",
"republican",
"candidate",
"as",
"\"",
"w",
".",
"p",
".",
"taylor",
"\"",
"instead",
"of",
"\"",
"w",
".",
"s",
".",
"taylor",
"\"",
";",
"democrats",
"claimed",
"these",
"votes",
"should",
"be",
"invalid",
"##ated",
".",
"in",
"knox",
"and",
"johnson",
"counties",
",",
"voters",
"complained",
"of",
"\"",
"thin",
"tissue",
"ballots",
"\"",
"that",
"allowed",
"the",
"voter",
"'",
"s",
"choices",
"to",
"be",
"seen",
"through",
"them",
".",
"in",
"the",
"city",
"of",
"louisville",
",",
"democrats",
"charged",
"that",
"the",
"militia",
"had",
"intimidated",
"voters",
"there",
"and",
"that",
"the",
"entire",
"city",
"'",
"s",
"vote",
"should",
"be",
"invalid",
"##ated"
] | 877,093 |
william s. taylor. the results of the election were too close to call for several days. before the official results could be announced, charges of voting irregularities began. in nelson county, 1 @, @ 200 ballots listed the republican candidate as " w. p. taylor " instead of " w. s. taylor " ; democrats claimed these votes should be invalidated. in knox and johnson counties, voters complained of " thin tissue ballots " that allowed the voter's choices to be seen through them. in the city of louisville, democrats charged that the militia had intimidated voters there and that the entire city's vote should be invalidated
| 1,224 |
[
".",
"when",
"the",
"official",
"tally",
"was",
"announced",
",",
"taylor",
"had",
"won",
"by",
"a",
"vote",
"of",
"193",
"@",
",",
"@",
"71",
"##4",
"to",
"191",
"@",
",",
"@",
"331",
".",
"though",
"the",
"board",
"of",
"elections",
"was",
"thought",
"to",
"be",
"controlled",
"by",
"go",
"##eb",
"##el",
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",",
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"2",
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"1",
"to",
"ce",
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"the",
"announced",
"vote",
"tally",
".",
"the",
"board",
"'",
"s",
"majority",
"opinion",
"claimed",
"that",
"they",
"did",
"not",
"have",
"any",
"judicial",
"power",
"and",
"were",
"thus",
"unable",
"to",
"hear",
"proof",
"or",
"swear",
"witnesses",
".",
"taylor",
"was",
"inaugurated",
"on",
"december",
"12",
",",
"1899",
".",
"go",
"##eb",
"##el",
"announced",
"his",
"decision",
"to",
"contest",
"the",
"board",
"'",
"s",
"decision",
"to",
"the",
"general",
"assembly",
".",
"the",
"assembly",
"appointed",
"a",
"committee",
"to",
"investigate",
"the",
"allegations",
"contained",
"in",
"the",
"challenges",
".",
"the",
"members",
"of"
] | 877,094 |
. when the official tally was announced, taylor had won by a vote of 193 @, @ 714 to 191 @, @ 331. though the board of elections was thought to be controlled by goebel allies, it voted 2 – 1 to certify the announced vote tally. the board's majority opinion claimed that they did not have any judicial power and were thus unable to hear proof or swear witnesses. taylor was inaugurated on december 12, 1899. goebel announced his decision to contest the board's decision to the general assembly. the assembly appointed a committee to investigate the allegations contained in the challenges. the members of
| 1,225 |
[
"the",
"committee",
"were",
"drawn",
"at",
"random",
",",
"though",
"the",
"drawing",
"was",
"likely",
"rigged",
"–",
"only",
"one",
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"(",
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"that",
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"adopted",
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"were",
":",
"that",
"the",
"committee",
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"at",
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"of",
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"assembly",
",",
"that",
"debate",
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"limited",
"once",
"the",
"findings",
"were",
"presented",
",",
"and",
"that",
"the",
"report",
"be",
"voted",
"on",
"in",
"a",
"joint",
"session",
"of",
"the",
"assembly",
".",
"the",
"rules",
"further",
"provided",
"that",
"the",
"speaker",
"of",
"the",
"house",
"pre",
"##side",
"over",
"the",
"joint",
"session",
"instead",
"of",
"the",
"lieutenant",
"governor",
",",
"as",
"was",
"customary",
".",
"the",
"republican",
"minority",
"fought",
"the",
"provisions",
",",
"but",
"the",
"democratic",
"majority",
"passed",
"them"
] | 877,095 |
the committee were drawn at random, though the drawing was likely rigged – only one republican joined ten democrats on the committee. ( chance dictated that the committee should have contained four or five republicans. ) among the rules the general assembly adopted for the contest committee were : that the committee report at the pleasure of the general assembly, that debate be limited once the findings were presented, and that the report be voted on in a joint session of the assembly. the rules further provided that the speaker of the house preside over the joint session instead of the lieutenant governor, as was customary. the republican minority fought the provisions, but the democratic majority passed them
| 1,217 |
[
"despite",
"the",
"opposition",
".",
"republicans",
"around",
"the",
"state",
"expected",
"the",
"committee",
"to",
"recommend",
"disqualification",
"of",
"enough",
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"go",
"##eb",
"##el",
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".",
"armed",
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"filled",
"the",
"capital",
".",
"on",
"the",
"morning",
"of",
"january",
"30",
",",
"1900",
",",
"as",
"go",
"##eb",
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"and",
"two",
"friends",
"walked",
"toward",
"the",
"capitol",
"building",
",",
"shots",
"were",
"fired",
",",
"and",
"go",
"##eb",
"##el",
"fell",
"wounded",
".",
"after",
"being",
"denied",
"entrance",
"to",
"the",
"state",
"capitol",
"by",
"armed",
"men",
",",
"the",
"contest",
"committee",
"met",
"in",
"frank",
"##fort",
"'",
"s",
"city",
"hall",
"and",
",",
"by",
"a",
"strict",
"party",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"line",
"vote",
",",
"adopted",
"a",
"majority",
"report",
"that",
"claimed",
"go",
"##eb",
"##el",
"and",
"beck",
"##ham",
"had",
"received",
"the",
"most",
"legitimate",
"votes",
"and",
"should",
"be",
"installed",
"in",
"their",
"respective"
] | 877,096 |
despite the opposition. republicans around the state expected the committee to recommend disqualification of enough ballots to make goebel governor. armed men from heavily republican eastern kentucky filled the capital. on the morning of january 30, 1900, as goebel and two friends walked toward the capitol building, shots were fired, and goebel fell wounded. after being denied entrance to the state capitol by armed men, the contest committee met in frankfort's city hall and, by a strict party @ - @ line vote, adopted a majority report that claimed goebel and beckham had received the most legitimate votes and should be installed in their respective
| 1,213 |
[
"offices",
".",
"when",
"democratic",
"legislators",
"attempted",
"to",
"con",
"##ven",
"##e",
"to",
"approve",
"the",
"committee",
"'",
"s",
"report",
",",
"they",
"found",
"the",
"doors",
"to",
"the",
"state",
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"and",
"other",
"public",
"locations",
"in",
"frank",
"##fort",
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"by",
"armed",
"citizens",
".",
"on",
"january",
"31",
",",
"1900",
",",
"they",
"convened",
"secretly",
"in",
"a",
"frank",
"##fort",
"hotel",
",",
"with",
"no",
"republicans",
"present",
",",
"and",
"voted",
"to",
"ce",
"##rti",
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"the",
"findings",
"of",
"the",
"contest",
"committee",
",",
"invalid",
"##ating",
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"votes",
"to",
"make",
"go",
"##eb",
"##el",
"governor",
".",
"still",
"lying",
"on",
"his",
"sick",
"bed",
",",
"go",
"##eb",
"##el",
"took",
"the",
"oath",
"of",
"office",
".",
"go",
"##eb",
"##el",
"died",
"of",
"his",
"wounds",
"on",
"february",
"3",
",",
"1900",
".",
"leaders",
"from",
"both",
"parties",
"drafted",
"an",
"agreement",
"whereby",
"taylor",
"and",
"his",
"lieutenant",
"governor",
",",
"john",
"marshall",
","
] | 877,097 |
offices. when democratic legislators attempted to convene to approve the committee's report, they found the doors to the state capitol and other public locations in frankfort blocked by armed citizens. on january 31, 1900, they convened secretly in a frankfort hotel, with no republicans present, and voted to certify the findings of the contest committee, invalidating enough votes to make goebel governor. still lying on his sick bed, goebel took the oath of office. goebel died of his wounds on february 3, 1900. leaders from both parties drafted an agreement whereby taylor and his lieutenant governor, john marshall,
| 1,228 |
[
"would",
"step",
"down",
"from",
"their",
"respective",
"offices",
",",
"allowing",
"go",
"##eb",
"##el",
"'",
"s",
"lieutenant",
"governor",
",",
"j",
".",
"c",
".",
"w",
".",
"beck",
"##ham",
",",
"to",
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"governors",
"##hip",
";",
"in",
"exchange",
",",
"taylor",
"and",
"marshall",
"would",
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"in",
"any",
"actions",
"they",
"may",
"have",
"taken",
"with",
"regard",
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"go",
"##eb",
"##el",
"'",
"s",
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".",
"the",
"militia",
"would",
"withdraw",
"from",
"frank",
"##fort",
",",
"and",
"the",
"go",
"##eb",
"##el",
"election",
"law",
"would",
"be",
"repealed",
"and",
"replaced",
"with",
"a",
"fair",
"##er",
"election",
"law",
".",
"despite",
"his",
"allies",
"'",
"insistence",
",",
"taylor",
"refused",
"to",
"sign",
"the",
"agreement",
".",
"=",
"=",
"=",
"lower",
"court",
"decisions",
"=",
"=",
"=",
"as",
"negotiations",
"for",
"a",
"peaceful",
"resolution",
"of",
"the",
"elections",
"for",
"governor",
"and",
"lieutenant",
"governor",
"were",
"ongoing",
",",
"the",
"republican"
] | 877,098 |
would step down from their respective offices, allowing goebel's lieutenant governor, j. c. w. beckham, to assume the governorship ; in exchange, taylor and marshall would receive immunity from prosecution in any actions they may have taken with regard to goebel's assassination. the militia would withdraw from frankfort, and the goebel election law would be repealed and replaced with a fairer election law. despite his allies'insistence, taylor refused to sign the agreement. = = = lower court decisions = = = as negotiations for a peaceful resolution of the elections for governor and lieutenant governor were ongoing, the republican
| 1,216 |
[
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] | 877,099 |
candidates for the state's minor offices filed suit in federal court in cincinnati, ohio, to prevent their removal from office. the case could have been filed in the federal court at louisville, kentucky, but judge walter evans asked to be excused from adjudicating the case. the republican officers, represented by ex @ - @ governor william o'connell bradley and future governor augustus e. willson among others, argued that the goebel election law deprived citizens of their right to vote. the right to vote, they claimed, was inherent in the fourteenth amendment's guarantee of " liberty ", and could not be taken from any
| 1,216 |
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