DOI
string | abstract
string | title
string | author
list | URL
string | year
int64 | month
string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
10.1108/09566160010372770
|
<jats:p>This paper presents the main results of a research project looking at trends on environmental technology and environmental employment in Sweden. Entitled “FEESE” (Fostering Employment in the Environment Sector in Europe), the project analysed provisions and needs in respect of environmental training among a sample of Swedish companies, which are outlined in this paper. Some recommendations which may be useful to Sweden, but which are also applicable to other industrialised countries, are also presented.</jats:p>
|
A survey of requirements and needs in the field of environmental technology, with special emphasis on environmental employment, in Sweden
|
[
"Leal Filho Walter ",
"Larsen Katarina ",
"Snickars Folke "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566160010372770
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566160210424617
|
<jats:p>The on‐going economic development of EU‐countries as well of the countries in the Central and Eastern (C&E) European region has been leading to a significant use of a great deal of natural resources as well as to noticeable environmental problems. Focuses on the project “Baltic environmental information dissemination system (BEIDS)” which has been acting as a focal point for the circulation of intelligent information on aspects of the marine environment among a sample of seven Baltic countries: Denmark, Finland, Germany, Sweden (EU) and Lithuania, Poland and Russia (non‐EU), contributing to networking and know‐how exchange, complementing efforts towards transregional cooperation in sustainable spatial planning on the basis of Baltic 21. The results reached to date include: increased awareness of matters related to sustainable development in the six participant countries; enhanced communication exchange and networking among the sampled nations; improved information flow and increased participation in events, activities and programmes across the Baltic Sea region. BEIDS is a prime example of the feasibility of using marine research as a tool for sustainable development and the results reached over the first two years are reviewed in this paper.</jats:p>
|
The Baltic environmental information dissemination system: a tool for sustainable development in the Baltic Sea region
|
[
"Leal Filho Walter "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566160210424617
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169410051494
|
<jats:p>By using Inductively Coupled Plasma‐Mass Spectrometry (ICP‐MS)
multi‐element analysis was performed on six toxic and one non‐toxic
cyanobacteria and waste water. A method was developed using a single
standard together with one SRM allowing multi‐element screening. This
technique simplifies the calibration procedure and allows exploration of
unforeseen elements in the mass spectrum in a couple of minutes. In this
investigation, reports the concentration of Mn, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Cd, Ba,
La, Pb and U in the cyanobacteria. High concentration of Mn was
observed in <jats:italic>Microcystis viridis</jats:italic>. In the mass spectrum of the waste
water from the cleaning plant in Starogard, Poland, it was observed that
the concentration of Pb in water was higher after seven days than 120
days.</jats:p>
|
ICP‐MS for Screening of Metal Ions in Algae and Waste Water
|
[
"Johansson Erland ",
"Willén Torbjörn ",
"Mattsson Roland ",
"Liljefors Torsten "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169410051494
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169410051502
|
<jats:p>In the past many scientists have published papers on hormesis, on
molecular stress responses, and on the similia principle in homoeopathy.
Very few, however, have stressed a common base of interdependence of
these fields. Reviews the most important of these studies to demonstrate
their evolution and their mutual importance. Furthermore, a
multidisciplinary approach is chosen to demonstrate research into the
beneficial effects of subharmful doses of toxicants administered in
suboptimal conditions (such as in stressed or injured organisms and
cells).</jats:p>
|
A Molecular Basis for Understanding the Benefits from Subharmful Doses
of Toxicants
|
[
"van Wijk R. ",
"Ooms H. ",
"Wiegant F.A.C. ",
"Souren J.E.M. ",
"Ovelgönne J.H. ",
"van Aken J.M. ",
"Bol A.W.J.M. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169410051502
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169410051520
|
<jats:p>The seriousness of California′s air quality problems has led to the
development of innovative policies to tackle air pollution exemplified
by the air quality management plan developed for the Los Angeles basin.
Discusses the plan, an important feature of which is the development of
low emission vehicles, including the requirement that by 2003, 10 per
cent of the vehicles sold in the state must be zero emission vehicles.
Attempts are also being made to tighten existing exhaust regulations.
Large employers are required to develop trip reduction plans. The
effectiveness of these measures is offset by the trend for the number of
miles travelled by motorists to outstrip population growth.</jats:p>
|
Transport and Air Pollution in California
|
[
"Grant Wyn "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169410051520
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169410057119
|
<jats:p>Describes the main structural lines of the Brussels master′s programme
in human ecology. Delineates its relationships with the European
Certificate of Human Ecology and the European Association of Human
Ecology. In this way describes two complementary networking structures
on human ecology (HE) in Europe. This overview of networking structures
is complemented by an enumeration of national and international HE
organizations in Europe. Discusses the possible involvement of the
Society for Human Ecology in two rather recent international
developments in the field: the growing number of academic initiatives in
East European countries; and the evaluation by international panels of
experts of interdisciplinary research products as state of the
environment studies which otherwise escape the test of international
scientific validation.</jats:p>
|
Networking in Human Ecology in Europe
|
[
"Hens Luc "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169410057119
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169410057128
|
<jats:p>The study of air pollution in Saudi Arabia is not only very important at
local level; it may also provide an improved understanding of air
pollution problems in other arid regions throughout the world. A
comprehensive field study of atmospheric ozone pollutants was conducted
in Jiddah, Saudi Arabia (one of the fastest growing cities in the world)
for the period 1984 to 1987. Ozone trends have been developed for five
stations in Jiddah. Daily, monthly and annual means, maximum and mean
maximum are reported. Average ozone concentration for these four years
is given. A slight decrease in ozone concentration from 1984 to 1987 was
observed. The observed reduction in the pollutant′s concentration during
1985‐87 was attributed to the implementation of motor vehicle periodical
inspection (MVPI). Background information for air quality standards and
the statistical significance of data are discussed. Analysis of data
shows a lower mean than any international air quality standard.</jats:p>
|
Distribution of Ozone in the Jiddah Atmosphere
|
[
"Sabbak Omar Ali "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169410057128
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169410059496
|
<jats:p>Discusses environmental factors which may have harmful effects on the
cardiovascular system and cause acute or chronic disease. Classifies
these factors as chemical, physical, biological and psychosocial.
Concentrates on describing the chemical, physical and biological
elements which directly cause cardiovascular diseases, such as nicotine
and carbon monoxide (chemical); temperatue and electricity (physical)
and viral infections such as maternal coxsackie (biological). Concludes
by stressing the need for more intensive studies on this subject.</jats:p>
|
Impact of Environment on Cardiovascular Diseases
|
[
"Acartürk Esmeray "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169410059496
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169410069396
|
<jats:p>While environmental protection legislation has been put in place to
prevent gross damage to natural systems, there is debate about how
successful these efforts have been. Legislation has reduced the ubiquity
of some kinds of gross damage while neglecting or expressly permitting
other kinds. However, in the developed world, expectations for
environmental protection have increased. Not only does society wish to
prevent damage, but it also wishes to maintain ecosystems in a healthy
and robust condition. Because human societies depend on the ecosystem
services provided by natural systems, these services must be protected
in order to maintain our standard of living. As populations increase,
demands increase, and undamaged natural areas capable of providing such
services decrease, the demands for ecosystem service production will
increase. Public policy must respond to this increased need.</jats:p>
|
The Study of Ecology and Environmental Management:
|
[
"Cairns John "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169410069396
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169410069413
|
<jats:p>New Jersey′s “garbage crisis” has resulted in the State mandating a 60 per
cent recycling goal by the end of 1995. Attainment of this goal will be
difficult as recovery of paper, glass, tin, aluminium and plastic
represent less than 60 per cent of the materials discarded by the Garden
State. Source separation and composting of clean organic materials such
as food, soiled paper, waxed corrugated and other food processing
residuals can help the State reach and surpass the 60 per cent goal. In
1993, American Soil, Inc. (ASI), a regional compost facility located in
Freehold, NJ, played a key role as the first company in the State to
integrate organic composting successfully as a recycling activity into
the State′s solid waste management hierarchy. New Jersey′s “regulatory
gauntlet”, developed since 1972, proved to be enormously burdensome to
ASI as it strived to gain final approval. For this to change, strong
leadership and co‐operation between the public and private sector
communities must be established and maintained.</jats:p>
|
Organic Composting (New Jersey Case) – A Viewpoint
|
[
"Kennedy Patrick "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169410069413
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169510078458
|
<jats:p>Discusses environment and development improvement; the prevention and eradication of prevalent diseases and disabilities, as well as drastic abatement in both severe and moderate malnutrition in Egypt. The health of women and children in Egypt is a reflection of the general health of the population. Simultaneously, the religious and environmental climate influences the socio‐economic and health situation, as well as the living conditions of the citizens.</jats:p>
|
Environmental, developmental and health perspectives in Egypt
|
[
"Chukwuma Chrysanthus "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169510078458
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169510090805
|
<jats:p>Evaluates the effect of bioaugmentation on the activated sludge
treatment of food wastewaters including those containing potato, starch,
sugar and milk. Parameters of study include live liquid microorganisms,
dosage, aeration time and wastewater strength. Concludes that
bioaugmentation with addition of live liquid micro‐organisms improves
total organic carbon (TOC) removal efficiency and reduces sludge
production. Aerobic bioaugmentation is effective in TOC removal from
potato, sugar and milk wastewater but not effective in the case of
starch wastewater.</jats:p>
|
Activated sludge treatment of food‐processing wastewater with
bioaugmentation
|
[
"Lo Howard H. ",
"Hung Yung‐Tse "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169510090805
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169510091958
|
<jats:p>Discusses the book of guidelines for environmental impact
assessment on human health published by the Flemish Government in an
attempt to introduce conformity in environmental impact statements.
Outlines these guidelines and how they should be used in an assessment.
Discusses the interrelationship between the environment and human
health.</jats:p>
|
Environmental health impact assessment in Flanders, Belgium
|
[
"Janssens Peter ",
"Hens Luc "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169510091958
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169510096494
|
<jats:p>Presents the measured concentrations of iron, zinc, cobalt,
chromium, nickel, lead, manganese and sodium in atmospheric inhalable
coarse and fine particles for the period September 1984‐April 1986 in
Jedda, Saudi Arabia. The results show that iron and sodium have the
highest concentrations, indicating that inhalable particles are of soil
and sea origin. The metal concentrations of fine inhalable particles are
much smaller than those of coarse inhalable particles, so that human
health is hardly affected.</jats:p>
|
Metal concentration of atmospheric inhalable particles in Jedda
|
[
"Sabbak Omar Ali "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169510096494
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169610112971
|
<jats:p>Research over the last 20 years has had a major focus on the ecology of east coast estuaries, including the interaction between coastal seawater and saltmarshes. It is not possible to separate intertidal coastal saltmarshes from the rest of the coastal marine environment as they are involved in a truly interactive system. The significance of this system is attracting increasing attention as the effect of elevated nutrient concentrations on the ecology of the coastal zone has become apparent. It is only when we understand how the various chemical and biological processes influence the flux of nutrients through the estuarine interface between land and sea that any sensible management strategy can be developed.</jats:p>
|
Estuaries and saltmarshes: the interface between land and sea
|
[
"Nedwell D.B. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169610112971
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169610123041
|
<jats:p>Details how distributions of exposure to ammonia in living rooms were calculated by use of Duan’s Cartesianization method for four population groups of Zagreb inhabitants (high‐school students, university students, employed and retired persons), for summer and winter periods. Households were grouped in two categories, city centre and suburbs. The main difference between these two categories was the so‐called green areas (parks, gardens, etc.) in the neighbourhood. The exposure levels are lower in the city centre compared to the suburbs. The results show seasonally dependent contribution to exposure in households from outdoor sources by ventilation in suburbs. Exposure distribution functions could be represented by normal, or summation by proportion of normal, Weibull and Erlang distributions. Concludes that by the comparison of the results and proposed exposure guideline value, it could be argued that no ammonia exposure problem exists in Zagreb.</jats:p>
|
Distributions of long‐term household exposure to ammonia
|
[
"Sega Kresimir "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169610123041
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169610123050
|
<jats:p>Presents the results of formaldehyde (HCHO) concentration measurements undertaken in ten kindergartens and ten primary schools (one room in each) during the summer and the winter periods. The buildings were of differing age (1‐100 years) and structure (from conventional to prefabricated type), and particle‐board furniture was used in all premises. Results show that the proposed limit value of 120 <jats:italic>μ</jats:italic>g/m<jats:sup>3</jats:sup>, recommended by WHO for living accommodation, was frequently exceeded. The seasonal differences of concentrations were statistically significant for nine kindergartens and seven schools.</jats:p>
|
Relationship between summer and winter formaldehyde levels in kindergartens and primary schools
|
[
"Kalinic Natasa ",
"Sega Kresimir "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169610123050
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169610123078
|
<jats:p>Lead is a known reproductive toxicant in humans and animals. Data on cadmium reproductive effects in humans are inconclusive, and in female animals are lacking. More information on the toxicokinetics and toxicity of Pb and Cd during the reproductive period and in developing young is needed. Experimental studies on rats conducted in laboratories in Croatia and in the USA separately and as collaborative research show that Pb or Cd have effects on reproductive function. Chronic or subchronic oral Pb or Cd exposure of the dams causes decreased pup weight and survival, and depressed serum progesterone concentration in Cd‐exposed dams at the term. No paternally mediated Pb effects were found in offspring. Organ Pb or Cd accumulation was accompanied by changes in essential element concentrations in both dam and foetus. Acute <jats:italic>in vivo</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic> exposure to Cd had specific effects on gonadal steroidogenesis in both males and females. Proposes possible sites of action of Cd in the steroidogenic pathway.</jats:p>
|
Experimental studies on reproductive and perinatal effects of lead and cadmium
|
[
"Piasek Martina ",
"Kostial Krista "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169610123078
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169610130377
|
<jats:p>Argues that a sound and efficient approach and policy for the protection of the environment and restoration of natural resources must include essential features which reflect the harmonization of national and global strategies expected for a sustainable society. The increasing awareness of governments and international organizations has culminated in several undertakings aimed at systematically facing the overwhelming problems encountered in the establishment of a global policy for environmental management and health for sustainable development. This takes account of environmental changes, patterns of economic development and sociocultural factors. A sustainable society supports the acquisition of basic needs with the extensive opportunity to aspire satisfactorily to a better life in the present and the future. Stresses that, for economic sustainability to occur, developmental action must be supported with available resources within society. The problem of the poverty‐ridden population must be recognized. Suggests that the resource base in a sustainable society can be fortified through effective, efficient and equitable use of available resources and economic growth without the massive introduction of untoward environmental pollutants.</jats:p>
|
Perspectives for a sustainable society
|
[
"Chukwuma Chrysanthus "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169610130377
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169610181641
|
<jats:p>Carries out an investigation to evaluate the performance of the maturation pond, one of an aerated oxidation pond system at the Mit Mazah Sewage Treatment Plant (Daquahliya Governorate, Egypt), with respect to phytoplanktonic structure and nutrient elimination during different seasons. Details how the study collected composite water samples from the maturation pond at monthly intervals. Observes that there are substantial changes in the distribution pattern of the algal community structure during different seasons. Concludes that to obtain considerable algal biomass in the maturation pond, the pond system must be subjected to performance control.</jats:p>
|
Planktonic algal populations as an integral part of wastewater treatment
|
[
"Shehata Salwa A. ",
"Badr Sabah A. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169610181641
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169710166557
|
<jats:p>Presents a framework and methodology of accounting for the sustainable corporation which has the familiar accounting objectives of assessing and reporting corporate performance but that is where the similarities end. Instead of conceiving of the corporation in economic terms, this account is based on the principles of sustainable development and the information needs of both economic and non‐economic stakeholders. A new concept of the corporation is achieved by the integration of existing environmental engineering and ecological techniques with economic considerations. In this way, managerial horizons and responsibilities are widened and important communication channels are opened between key disciplines, public and private authorities and a range of communities. The account does not measure in absolute terms the sustainable development that a corporation has attained but provides a comparative mechanism so that corporations may assess their sustainable development in relation to other corporations.</jats:p>
|
Accounting for the sustainable corporation
|
[
"Birkin Frank ",
"Woodward David "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169710166557
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169710179157
|
<jats:p>Reports that among the major current problems in Asia‐Pacific countries are those due to heat, heavy metals, organic solvents, pesticides, carcinogens, dusts, reproductive hazards, biological hazards, and psychosocial problems, including work stress. The relative importance differs from country to country.</jats:p>
|
Current problems in occupational and environmental health: overview
|
[
"Phoon Wai‐On "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169710179157
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169710179229
|
<jats:p>Shows how the Occupational and Environmental Health University in Japan, with its Institute of Ecological Sciences, delivers several unique national and international courses for Japanese and foreign students. Staff of the university also provide advice and assistance to other training centres and industry.</jats:p>
|
A special University of Occupational and Environmental Health in Japan
|
[
"Okubo Toshiteru "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169710179229
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169710179238
|
<jats:p>Acknowledges that professional associations and colleges and similar bodies have played a major part in the development of occupational and environmental health. Some notable bodies exist at both the national and regional levels.</jats:p>
|
The role of professional bodies in occupational and environmental health in the Asia‐Pacific region
|
[
"Phoon Wai‐On "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169710179238
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169710179256
|
<jats:p>Points to the contrast between traditional working life patterns and the demands of an increasingly industrialized and high technology society, for the increase in workplace psychological problems in Asia and the pacific rim countries. Lists and discusses ten literature references relating to the title material. Mentions the effects of pollution, cases of observed mass hysteria, the relationship between overtime and absenteeism and finally cultural factors on employee mental health and productivity.</jats:p>
|
Current research‐Psychosocial issues
|
[
"Kogi Kazutaka ",
"Kawakami Tsuyoshi "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169710179256
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169710179283
|
<jats:p>Observes that the World Health Organization (WHO) has promoted the goal of “Health for All” since 1977. The Workers’ Health Programme of WHO aims to: strengthen international and national policies for health at work; develop a healthy work environment; develop healthy work practices and health promotion; strengthen occupational health care and services; establish appropriate support for occupational health; develop occupational health standards which are science‐based; develop human resources for occupational health; establish appropriate information systems and raise public awareness; strengthen research; foster collaborative efforts.</jats:p>
|
Occupational health for all: the strategy of the World Health Organization
|
[
"Ivanovich Mikheev Mikhail "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169710179283
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169710179328
|
<jats:p>Describes how many Asia‐Pacific countries have experienced a major shift in occupational health services in the last two decades. There is an extension of occupational health services with more co‐ordinated efforts of all social partners, action programmes with emphasis on practical risk assessment and primary prevention, and more active participation of managers and unions, supported by occupational health personnel.</jats:p>
|
Organization and services in occupational and environmental health
|
[
"Kogi Kazutaka ",
"Kawakami Tsuyoshi "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169710179328
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169710180731
|
<jats:p>Suggests that external inputs and interventions can be beneficial or a waste of resources, depending on many complex factors which are interrelated. Deals with how the approach used in the transfer of technology from an industrialized country to a developing country can be beneficial. The direct involvement of Finnish expertise in a remote region of Tanzania, to improve the water supply, when reverting to grassroots participation, led to positive results. Observes, in hindsight, that giving more space for local initiatives would have led to less dependence on foreign expertise and to faster growth of the indigenous engineering capacity.</jats:p>
|
Transfer of technology from north to south ‐ meeting the needs of a rural environment: a review of the Mtwara‐Lindi water project
|
[
"Raheem Dele "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169710180731
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169710180740
|
<jats:p>Describes field experiments to determine the effects of previous organic waste composts, using different types and application rates, on sunflower yield. Oil, carbohydrates and metal content were evaluated. Experiments were conducted in the Nuclear Research Centre Farm, in sandy, infertile soil. Results show a remarkable increase in dry matter and seed yields, due to previous single compost additions. A mixture of water hyacinth and biosolid compost showed an improvement. The results of this research indicate that application of organic waste composts is a feasible and valuable recycling method in sandy desert soils.</jats:p>
|
Physiological and chemical responses of sunflower to the application of previous organic waste composts to sandy soil
|
[
"Abd El‐Sabour M.F. ",
"Abo El‐Seoud M.A. ",
"Rizk M. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169710180740
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169810195680
|
<jats:p>This article aims at giving a general overview of the telematics role in environmental information management in Greece. The main scope is to present the existing situation, the current problems and needs, as well as the possibilities and perspectives for the future. The topics of the article include first of all a description of current environmental information management in Greece and the production of information, as well as the presentation of the EPPER programme for the environment, together with the telematics applications used for environmental management in Greece. A brief introduction to the scope and objectives of the National Air Quality Network and National Environment Information Network is also given, together with an analysis of the needs for a National Catalogue of Data Sources. Last, the role of YPEXODE in the REMSSBOT project is presented, with the benefits obtained from this participation, as well as future perspectives for developments in the field of telematics and environment in Greece.</jats:p>
|
Telematics and environment in Greece
|
[
"Aravantinou Mata "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169810195680
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169810211168
|
<jats:p>Today’s business world changes due to public demands, technology and global competition. Customers are considering environmental values into their supplier(s) selection and are increasingly buying products with identifiable environmental attributes. Therefore, to have a competitive leverage, companies should implement both ISO 9000 and ISO 14000 concurrently. In addition to the comparative analysis of both ISO 9000 and ISO 14000, zero defects (ZD) and clean (green) production concepts are clarified in this paper. The analogy of the fundamental thoughts behind them are highlighted. A practical strategy for implementing quality and environmental management scheme that copes with 21st century considerations is explored, emphasizing on three main elements i.e. methodology, competitiveness, and change effect.</jats:p>
|
Integrating quality and environmental management as competitive business strategy for 21st century
|
[
"Ahmed Aboulnaga Ismail "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169810211168
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169810222166
|
<jats:p>I By adding an impaction plate in a graphite furnace it is possible to separate and collect 6<jats:italic>µ</jats:italic>m particles which are found in cigarette smoke. This allows for the quantitative detection of Cd, Cr, Pb and Mn in air in a direct fashion and quasi real time. It is important to monitor not only direct inhalation of cigarette smoke, but also “second‐hand” smoking by innocent by‐standers.</jats:p>
|
Highlights I Determination of metals in cigarette smoke II On‐site mercury analyzer III Hazardous gas monitoring
|
[
"Llaurado J.G. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169810222166
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169810222175
|
<jats:p>Genetic modification (GM) has been called “the new biotechnology” and has been hailed as a leading enabling technology, facilitating major innovation in health care, as well as in the chemical, agricultural and food sectors. GM techniques facilitate the combination of DNA which would not occur naturally and, although there are no records of disease or accidents associated with GM work, potential risks do exist. Legislation designed to ensure that workers are adequately protected against hazards also limits the risk of environmental damage. Human error plays an important role in accident causation; therefore appropriate instruction, supervision and training for personnel working with GM/GMOs (genetically modified organisms) is essential. This article reviews the regulatory controls for GM work and discusses the findings of a preliminary study undertaken to identify the level, content, format and extent of biosafety training currently provided at sites undertaking GM work. While high levels of biosafety training were reported, the content, organisation and management varied between the establishments undertaking GM work. Recommendations are made regarding the management of biosafety training including the need to establish competency levels for all those working with, and supervising and managing work with, GMOs.</jats:p>
|
Managing environmental risks from genetically modified organisms: the role of safety training
|
[
"Ford Norma ",
"Murphy Gai "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169810222175
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169810222184
|
<jats:p>Although EU directives were issued quite some time ago, implementation progresses slowly and at an unequal pace in Union member states. Certification of assessors, auditors and verifiers differs widely and is sometimes inordinately complicated; in some instances accountants have stepped into the “vacuum”, in others “certification” documents are issued by private organizations. Uniformity is far from being the rule. This paper takes Belgium as a case study. In opposition to what has developed in the USA where federal authority can be completed, even toughened by US regulations, but remained national (<jats:italic>viz. </jats:italic>federal), in our example responsibility has nearly entirely been devolved to the next (regional) level of authority. A survey was conducted of EMAS implementation in 11 European States: its results are disclosed and commented on.</jats:p>
|
The European Union EIAS, EMAS and audits
|
[
"Charlier Roger H. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169810222184
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169810229006
|
<jats:p>Atmospheric precipitation samples collected by a network of eight stations throughout the Kano metropolis were analysed for lead, chromium, copper, cadmium, zinc and nickel by atomic absorption. Values from all the stations averaged over approximately five months each year between 1993 and 1996 indicate human activity, the high temperatures reached by soils and the strong diurnal thermic turbulence resulting from these, as the primary source of these metals in atmospheric precipitation. The concentrations of lead, chromium and copper correlated with the industrial activities of the metropolis. Maximum concentrations of lead, copper, chromium and nickel were above 1.1μg/litre while cadmium and zinc were below the 0.11μg/litre.</jats:p>
|
Trace element contamination of rain water in the semi‐arid region of Kano, Nigeria
|
[
"Ayodele J.T. ",
"Abubakar M.B. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169810229006
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169910257103
|
<jats:p>Urban groundwater is an important and valuable resource for Shijadran City, China. With the impact of rapid urban growth Shijadran is at risk of severe aquifer depletion, regional water table decline and supply facilities refurbishment. This paper presents a multi‐plan management of urban groundwater with two optimisation scenarios in order to alleviate and improve the environmental, social and economic situations caused by over‐exploitation of groundwater. It was developed based on the analysis of regional hydrogeology, water use and land use. A calibrated groundwater flow model was incorporated into the optimisation models through a water head response matrix of the Quaternary aquifer. The current supply optimisation not only met the increasingly growing need of water demand but also controlled and eliminated the various hazards caused by groundwater over‐pumping. Artificial recharge management, with conjunctive use of surface water and groundwater, provided a practical solution to the overall groundwater exhaustion and led to a solution for water table recovery, aquifer protection and sustainable water use. A comprehensive water management strategy for decision making was developed to reduce the negative impacts of urban growth on water use.</jats:p>
|
Sustainable groundwater management under impacts of urban growth in a developing country ‐ a case study in the city of Shijadran, China
|
[
"Yang Yuesuo ",
"LIn X. ",
"Zhou L. ",
"Kalin R.M. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169910257103
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169910257112
|
<jats:p>Cyanide is extremely toxic to both human and aquatic life and exists as a contaminant in soils and groundwater at decommissioned gasworks sites due to past industrial practices. This included the processing and disposal of gas purification wastes which contained cyanide. The biodegradability of cyanide at gasworks sites in south‐eastern Australia is investigated to determine the viability of <jats:italic>in situ</jats:italic> bioremediation. Two study sites show cyanide concentrations in groundwater of up to 5,300mg/L CN (total) in the vicinty of these sites. Laboratory experiments using column microcosms indicate both aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation of cyanide in water. Rates of degradation are typically first order with degradation microbiologically driven and are not simple oxidation‐reduction reactions. The rate of degradation is variable, depending on the existence of microbes, concentration and temperature. Even though both sites have cyanide contamination, only one requires remediation. <jats:italic>In situ</jats:italic> bioremediation is possible at this site thus providing an acceptable outcome to both site owner and the environment.</jats:p>
|
The biodegradation of cyanide in groundwater at gasworks sites, Australia: implications for site management
|
[
"Meehan S.M.E. ",
"Weaver T.R. ",
"Lawrence C.R. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169910257112
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169910257121
|
<jats:p>Electrokinetics (EK) is an emerging remediation technology for the <jats:italic>in situ</jats:italic> removal of heavy metals, volatile organic compounds, and radionuclides from soils and sediments. Naval Air Weapons Station Point Mugu, California will host an EK technology demonstration. The demonstration will consist of installing and operating an EK system, which is engineered to remove cadmium and chromium from former electroplating waste lagoons. The selected site is adjacent to and encroaches on an environmentally sensitive salt marsh are for a federally protected wildlife. The electrokinetic process will be used to mobilize and extract heavy metals from the metals‐contaminated soil by applying a low amperage direct current across an array of electrodes placed in the contaminated soil. The demonstration will focus on the effectiveness of the EK process for removing heavy metals from the tidal marsh area. The EK demonstration will be used to collect cost‐effective data necessary to address both the technical and economic feasibility of using this technology in areas where soils are porous, water is brackish, and the system is susceptible to tidal influences.</jats:p>
|
Electrokinetic remediation of metals‐contaminated sediments: a technology demonstration involving former waste lagoons
|
[
"Wills Martin A. ",
"Haley John C. ",
"Fabian Gene L. ",
"Bricka R. Mark "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169910257121
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169910257158
|
<jats:p>Petrochemical and refining operations can cause severe environmental damage due to emmisions to soil, air and ground‐ and surface water. The general framework for remedial actions is primarily determined by the legal framework and the actual risks associated with levels of contaminants present at a site. Within the basic framework of legal procedures, site specific constraints and economic motives, the best available techniques (BAT) for remedial action will have to be evaluated. In most cases this is part of an overall environmental improvement and investment program for a facility. This paper describes the general background of soil remediation at refineries and provides an overview of applicable remedial technologies.</jats:p>
|
An analysis of the remediation of oil contaminated refinery sites
|
[
"Mol J.J.W. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169910257158
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169910257220
|
<jats:p>Although the environmental impacts of groundwater abstraction and water table recovery are now known, historically they were given scant recognition due to the <jats:italic>ad hoc</jats:italic> nature of the development of aquifers. This paper summarises the potential impacts of groundwater exploitation, and reviews the effects of rising water tables on urban areas following the cessation or reduction of pumping. The use of GIS in assessing the implications for the environment is considered, in particular the coupling of hydrological models to a GIS for evaluating the impact of the drawdown of shallow water tables on agriculture.</jats:p>
|
Environmental impacts of groundwater exploitation using GIS
|
[
"Hedges P.D. ",
"Charnock T.W. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169910257220
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169910257239
|
<jats:p>This paper presents the results of laboratory experiments that investigate the removal of volatile organic compounds from saturated soils through the use of air sparging. Three series of experiments were performed in a column test apparatus using two different soils to represent actual field conditions, namely, a fine gravel and a medium‐to‐fine Ottawa sand (both obtained from sources near Chicago, Illinois, USA) contaminated with toluene, a major constituent of petroleum products. The results showed that toluene was removed from gravel very efficiently using air sparging; complete removal was achieved using a variety of air flow rates. However the toluene removal rates in tests using sand were significantly less. Even at the highest air flow rate used during testing, complete toluene removal took eight times longer than in comparable tests using gravel. With low air flow rates this was not achieved even after 17 hours of testing. It was further found that the injection of foams generated with surfactants, SDS and witconol SN70, at low air flow rates during the use of air sparging was found to accelerate the bulk removal of toluene in sand, but the use of surfactants did not facilitate the removal of residual levels of contamination.</jats:p>
|
Air flow optimization and surfactant enhancement to remediate toluene‐contaminated saturated soils using air sparging
|
[
"Reddy Krishna R. ",
"Semer Robin ",
"Adams Jeffrey A. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169910257239
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169910276193
|
<jats:p>Presents results for April‐September 1996 from the Multi‐layer Atmospheric CHemistry model, Oslo (MACHO), a regional scale photo‐chemistry model, and compares to measurements. Initial and lateral boundary concentrations are provided by a global CTM (chemical tracer model). As a base run, monthly averaged concentrations for June 1996 are used as initial and lateral boundary concentrations. The sensitivity of the interior model domain to the lateral boundaries is analyzed by comparing the base run with a model run with lateral boundary concentrations updated at six‐hour intervals. In the boundary layer over Europe, differences between the two runs are small both for accumulated excesses and for concentrations on individual days, indicating that ozone levels here are determined predominantly by local European scale sources. in the free troposphere, however, the effects of the lateral boundary concentrations are shown to be significant.</jats:p>
|
Calculation of ozone and other pollutants for the summer, 1996
|
[
"Eiof Jonson Jan ",
"Tarrason Leonor ",
"Sundet Jostein "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169910276193
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169910289441
|
<jats:p>Life‐cycle analysis (LCA) provides a general framework for assessing and summarizing all of the information important to a decision. LCA has been used to analyze the desirability of replacing lead (Pb) with a composite of tungsten (W) and tin (Sn) in projectile slugs used in small arms ammunition at US Department of Energy (DOE) training facilities for security personnel. The analysis includes consideration of costs, performance, environmental and human health impacts, availability of raw materials, and stakeholder acceptance. Projectiles developed by researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) using a composite of tungsten and tin are shown to perform as well as, or better than, those fabricated using lead. A cost analysis shows that tungsten‐tin is less costly to use than lead, since, for the current number of rounds used annually, the higher tungsten‐tin purchase price is small compared with higher maintenance costs associated with lead. The tungsten‐tin composite presents a much smaller potential for adverse human health and environmental impacts than lead. Only a small fraction of the world’s tungsten production occurs in the USA, however, and market‐economy countries account for only around 15 per cent of world tungsten production. Concludes that stakeholders would prefer tungsten‐tin on the basis of total cost, performance, reduced environmental impact and lower human toxicity. However, lead is preferable on the basis of material availability. Life cycle analysis clearly shows that advantages outweigh disadvantages in replacing lead with tungsten‐tin in small‐caliber projectiles at DOE training facilities. Concerns about the availability of raw tungsten are mitigated by the ease of converting back to lead (if necessary) and the recyclability of tungsten‐tin rounds.</jats:p>
|
Application of life cycle analysis: the case of green bullets
|
[
"Bogard James S. ",
"Yuracko Katherine L. ",
"Murray Michael E. ",
"Lowden Richard A. ",
"Vaughn Norm L. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169910289441
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169910289595
|
<jats:p>There have been many positive recent developments in the groundwater legislation and policies of the 15 European Community member States (excluding Luxembourg), as the States recognise the importance of implementing the EC Groundwater Directive, The Integrated Pollution Prevention Control Directive and other relevant EC directives. All member States recognise the importance of protecting groundwater and most have enacted legislation and/or established policies to do so. However, there are significant variations in their approaches; these variations are reflected in their approaches to site registration and classification schemes. Similarly, some member States do not yet have policies that specify explicit risk assessment procedures, while others have formal risk assessment procedures in place for registering, classifying and prioritising sites.</jats:p>
|
Protecting Europe’s groundwater: legislative approaches and policy initiatives
|
[
"Judd Phyllis B. ",
"Paul Nathanail C. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169910289595
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09566169910289667
|
<jats:p>Environmental disclosure within company annual reports has become an increasing expectation of environmental regulators and campaigners in industrial countries. It is an indicator of business commitment to environmental improvement to the extent that the disclosures report progress in implementing environmental programmes. Perhaps more important, disclosure is a source of documentary evidence that can be used by external parties to evaluate company performance. The willingness by company managers to open the organisation to external scrutiny is often viewed as a necessary first step in obtaining business commitment to environmentally sustainable forms of business activity. This paper compares Western experience with environmental disclosure to that in Singapore. Information on environmental disclosure in Singapore is presented from a review of company annual reports (covering two years 1995/96 and 1996/97) and the responses to a questionnaire survey covering all public listed companies in Singapore. The surveys reveal a low commitment to environmental disclosure amongst Singapore organisations. Reasons for the low interest in disclosure are explained. Possible public policy responses and options for changing current business attitudes toward disclosure are outlined.</jats:p>
|
An overview of trends related to environmental reporting in Singapore
|
[
"Perry Martin ",
"Tse Sheng Teng "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09566169910289667
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576050010326510
|
<jats:p>The voluminous body of literature on the management of change, including sub‐areas such as Business Process Reengineering (BPR), Total Quality Management (TQM), and product improvement, implicitly or explicitly propose that company strategic intelligence is a pre‐requisite for change, and that effective information systems (IS) support is a critical requirement for implementing change. While these two hypotheses are exceedingly important, the existing literature contains no empirical evidence supporting them. A field test of how effectively small business organizations are identifying strategic problems and opportunities, how effectively they implement business changes, and use IS technology to do so, was undertaken to empirically test their relationships. Despite the relatively small sample size, the results provide clear evidence about the importance of competitive intelligence and IS support for effectively implementing change in small business organizations. The items used for measuring the main constructs provide further insights into how managers should go about acquiring competitive intelligence and managing IS technology to effectively support business improvements.</jats:p>
|
The impact of competitive intelligence and IS support in changing small business organizations
|
[
"Guimaraes Tor "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576050010326510
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576050010326529
|
<jats:p>Technology has become an integral part of many businesses and, over time, new technology is deployed for business transformation process. It can come in the form of tools and its assimilation process is context sensitive. This paper invokes an empirical approach to design an ABC template and illustrates how it can be used as a tool for easy assimilation in an SME contextual environment. The approach uses the PROMISE conceptual framework as an interactive platform to exploit different best practices as tools for implementation. The assimilation process illustrated in the case study has been quite successful in a number of aspects, exhibiting an encouraging result valuable for further investigation. It is regarded as the first step in developing the necessary competence to tackle future SME transformation. Furthermore, the implications addressed are likely to be useful to managers who have the initiative for business process transformation and to academia looking for a promising area for future research.</jats:p>
|
A design of an ABC template for easy assimilation in SME
|
[
"Chan M.F.S. ",
"Keung K.F. ",
"Chung W.W.C. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576050010326529
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576050010340884
|
<jats:p>Information systems (ISs) are at the heart of any responsive organisation. However current tools and techniques of evaluation and design of ISs are not well suited to the needs of small and medium sized companies, and the achievement of their strategic, commercial and operational goals, and perhaps not even to those of larger organisations. The failure rate in the use of many computer‐based systems is very high especially in manufacturing organisations. This suggests that a new and simpler technique is required to lay down the foundation for an IS at an early stage in the development of a company. This system must be capable of being applied by non‐specialist managers but nevertheless be one that incorporates all of the elements of information, in circumstances which may be a mix of technology‐based and manual systems. This paper proposes the design of a simple audit tool that may be used in any area of a company’s organisation to aid in the evaluation, planning and design of holistic ISs in SMEs.</jats:p>
|
Tracing of information links empirically (TILE) in small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs)
|
[
"Thoburn J.G. ",
"Arunachalam S. ",
"Gunasekaran A. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576050010340884
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576050210412675
|
<jats:p>Work‐zone delay is very costly to the movement of goods and people. It is increasingly problematic for logistics management if the travel time or delay information cannot be estimated in an accurate way. This paper describes a study to investigate the effects of work zones, enhance computer‐based capability to estimate the associated work‐zone delays, assess the interrelationship of significant factors that affect work‐zone delays and develop a user‐friendly tool to assist transportation operations and logistics planning. A computerized information system, called lane‐occupancy‐delay estimation system (LODES), is developed to assess work‐zone delays that may affect short‐ or long‐term logistic activities. The results from trials and their implications are discussed and, finally, areas of further research are proposed.</jats:p>
|
Lane‐occupancy‐delay estimation system (LODES) for logistics information management
|
[
"Chien Steven I. ",
"Wen H. Joseph ",
"Ting Ching‐Jung ",
"Qu Jing "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576050210412675
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576059410052340
|
<jats:p>Examines the way in which the spreadsheet has developed into a
sophisticated modelling tool. This has been achieved by considering
various releases of Lotus 1‐2‐3 and the latest version of Microsoft
Excel. Refers to specific spreadsheet facilities, but does not provide
the mechanical details of invoking the various commands, in order that
the ideas described can be transferred to other spreadsheets offering
similar facilities. Explores the development of the spreadsheet on two
fronts; first with reference to its functional and programmable
capability, and second by considering the advancement of its “what
if” facilities.</jats:p>
|
The Spreadsheet:
|
[
"Robson Andrew J. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576059410052340
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576059410052359
|
<jats:p>Examines the development of electronic data interchange (EDI) in three
major supermarket chains. Describes case studies which investigate
introduction, implementation, costs, benefits and problems. Concludes
that EDI has brought about a major improvement in the way the businesses
operate.</jats:p>
|
Case Studies on EDI Implementation
|
[
"Ghobadian A. ",
"Liu J. ",
"Stainer A.I. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576059410052359
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576059410066417
|
<jats:p>The need to hasten the exchange of business information over the years
has resulted in ever‐changing business practices culminating in the
advent of electronic data interchange (EDI). Looks at the progress of
EDI, the evolution of the syntax used for EDI messages and the services
available for the electronic transmission of EDI data. As EDI software
has become more sophisticated so have its applications and these trends
are illustrated by a series of case studies involving large
multinationals with dedicated IT departments as well as small
organizations, often with no computer knowledge at all. The automotive
industry is one sector which is earnestly implementing EDI to maximize
its full potential. There is an increasing trend towards the formation
of EDI communities to keep costs down and for the mutual benefit of
community members. Opportunities available to future generations of EDI
users include continuous dialogue simulating conversation between
computers.</jats:p>
|
EDI – Changing Business Practice
|
[
"Robson Linda "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576059410066417
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576059510078684
|
<jats:p>The yardsticks used in the very last purchase of an information
system may be totally out of date when searching for its replacement. Of
equal significance, if the person wielding the yardstick does not know
the questions to ask, then the users of the system are deprived of the
tools which may significantly improve their personal performance and
that of their employing company in the marketplace.</jats:p>
|
Vendor rating and the evaluation of risk in new software
|
[
"Wilkinson Joe "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576059510078684
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576059510091670
|
<jats:p>Describes the successful implementation by a major airline′s
catering division of a comprehensive, computer‐controlled logistics
system comprising two separate, fully automated warehousing and ordering
systems, making order error a rarity and enabling three‐shift operation
which has significantly increased profitability.</jats:p>
|
The well planned menu – logistics for an airline catering
company
|
[
"Szymanski Rainer "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576059510091670
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576059610107851
|
<jats:p>Provides an introduction to EDI for those managers who are new to the field and wish to know more about it. Covers what EDI is, how it works and the technology involved, and provides a comprehensive account of the development, implementation and use of EDI. Gives guidelines for the successful adoption of EDI, from planning, analysis and design to construction, installation and operations, and lists critical success factors for EDI projects.</jats:p>
|
A manager’s guide to electronic data interchange: doing business on the information superhighway
|
[
"Kappelman Leon A. ",
"Richards Thomas C. ",
"Tsai Ray J. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576059610107851
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576059610113223
|
<jats:p>The need to make forecasts is commonplace in industry. The accuracy (and hence, usefulness) of forecasts varies from one sector to another, but is rarely high. Describes an approach to the monitoring of forecasts which aims to detect significant inaccuracy and to quantify the correction(s) that need to be made, based on well‐established methods of SPC, and so it also allows any changes in the pattern of demand to be detected, providing information for the revision of the forecasting model. Since the monitoring technique is based on statistical methods, it provides information which can be used directly in conventional models for inventory management. The user can choose the level of coverage required, and the monitoring technique indicates how well the target is being met. Again, any departure from the required level can be indicated at a stage early enough to take corrective action.</jats:p>
|
Monitoring information and materials to enhance logistics performance
|
[
"Hill John F. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576059610113223
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576059610113269
|
<jats:p>Provides details of the case study company’s background and highlights the need for quality of service. Describes in detail the re‐design process and the methodologies used; discusses the need to balance hard (re‐engineering) issues with soft (people) ones. Finally, details some of the major benefits gained from this approach to re‐design.</jats:p>
|
Re‐designing a complex, multi‐customer supply chain
|
[
"Hole David ",
"Marsh Jim ",
"Hudson Mike "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576059610113269
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576059610116662
|
<jats:p>To compete successfully, organizations pursue the status of the world‐class organizations (WCO). A WCO is defined as the best in its class, or as good as its best global competitor, in providing most value to the customer. WCOs must be supported by effective information systems. Presents new approaches to developing the information architecture for world‐class organizations.</jats:p>
|
Logistics information’s role within an IT systems architecture in a world‐class organization
|
[
"Kim Bonn‐Oh ",
"Lee Sang M. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576059610116662
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576059610148450
|
<jats:p>Discusses the building of a prototype decision‐support system for a container transport company in the light of constraining factors which affect scheduling of trucks and vehicle routeing problems of various kinds. Considers the prototype’s data requirements and describes the information flow analysis, drawing conclusions and offering suggestions, before proceeding to model the problem as a vehicle routeing problem. Describes the development of an heuristic procedure and how it was tested and validated. Summarizes the benefits of the analysis and the prototype’s construction.</jats:p>
|
Container transport ‐ a case study
|
[
"Cattrysse Dirk ",
"Geeroms Kris ",
"Proost Ann ",
"Van der Heyde Carine "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576059610148450
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576059710159691
|
<jats:p>City Link is one of the UK’s largest business‐to‐business courier companies. Founded in 1969, it pioneered the concept of same day and next morning delivery services. Describes the latest phase in the development of PC CLAN (City Link automated network), a PC‐based tracking and tracing system which was installed in the warehouses of City Link’s larger customers to improve the communication and monitoring of jobs between client and courier. Suggests that this latest phase in development is essentially electronic data exchange for parcels and that it may have a significant impact on the shaping of the parcel courier business.</jats:p>
|
Delivering technology: a case study
|
[
"Duffield Cindy "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576059710159691
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576059710187375
|
<jats:p>Considers the relationships between ISO 9000, TQM and business performance. It argues that the correlation between ISO 9000 and success is still weak, and that many organizations still have difficulty reconciling the apparent conflict between the “compliance” philosophy of ISO 9000, and the strong innovative demands of TQM. A way of reconciling these apparent conflicts is suggested, which entails the use of a third package of management tools to provide performance‐driven quality. This additional package harnesses the output of TQ initiatives to the continuous improvement of delivered quality of goods and services, and to the development of new customer‐pleasing products ‐ the elements that are missing from ISO 9000. A specific example of the ISO 9000/ TQM conflicts, and of successful use of a particular third package ‐ all within the same company ‐ is provided.</jats:p>
|
Performance‐driven quality
|
[
"Chelsom John V. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576059710187375
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576059810202213
|
<jats:p>Analyzes, by means of Porter’s Value Chain system, a possible strategy to address the problems of shared parental obligations by men and women, and in particular the supervision of children below school age and “latchkey” children. Also addresses the difficulty of employer retention of valuable working women. The business in this case consists of the schools, and the strategic business unit under study is identified as school‐age children with full‐time working parents. Suggests an extension of school hours as a solution.</jats:p>
|
Working mothers and the supervision of their children: a value chain approach to schooling
|
[
"Sophia Aguirre Maria "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576059810202213
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576059810210016
|
<jats:p>Scheduling systems can be developed to model all significant processes in a business and desk top computers have the power to generate integrated schedules using powerful mathematical techniques to realise optimised throughput. This paper describes the background to the recognition of the need for a planning and scheduling system, the system requirements, the search of the software markets and finally, the benefits achieved. A supplier was found who could generate high‐level plans and detailed schedules from MPS forecasts, thus ensuring a balance between stock holding costs and customer service. Such a system necessitated the ability to interface easily with both future and current systems.</jats:p>
|
Case study: APS Berk ‐ from arbitration to agility
|
[
"Belk Karl ",
"Steels Will "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576059810210016
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576059810218955
|
<jats:p>Manufacturing Resources Planning (MRPII) is recognized as being an effective management system that has an excellent planning and scheduling capability which can offer a dramatic increase in customer service, significant gains in productivity, much higher inventory turns, and a greater reduction in material costs. Many companies world‐wide have attempted to implement MRPII systems. Many of them are now using MRPII with various level of satisfaction. However, failure of MRPII implementation was in fact experienced by other companies. This paper proposes an integrated system design and implementation approach to overcome the difficulties. It aims to formulate a standard process by combining strategic elements, problem definition, MRPII solutions, technical and procedural design, and implementation management in order to minimize the frustration and conflicts commonly found in MRPII implementation as well as to reduce disconnection among different stages of design and implementation. A hierarchical analysis technique using Integrated DEFinition Method (IDEF) is used to support the design and implementation management. The examples illustrated that it provides an invaluable support in the management of MRPII system.</jats:p>
|
The successful implementation of MRPII via a hierarchical modelling approach
|
[
"Hung Ip Wai ",
"Yam Richard C.M. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576059810218955
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576059810226802
|
<jats:p>Over the last ten years scores of methodologies have emerged in management science/operations research/statistics that employ techniques such as mathematical programming, simulation, artificial intelligence, and clustering to convert a flexible manufacturing system into a cellular one. Based on a real‐life case that involved over 1,000 components and 3,000 operations, related to a world‐class furniture manufacturing company, finds that the somewhat outdated King’s algorithm, after partial linearization, works as well as the other sophisticated techniques in terms of speed and problem size. Drives home the point that a shift to cellular configuration from functional layout results in across the board savings in material movement, setup times, hilo moves, WIP, work area and in manufacturing leadtime. The company under study benefited to the tune of $164,000 per year from switch to single cell. The projected savings are expected to exceed $700,000 per year when the reconfiguration is completed.</jats:p>
|
Case study: reconfiguring a manufacturing system for strategic advantage ‐ a real‐world application
|
[
"Kumar Ashok ",
"Motwani Jaideep "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576059810226802
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576059810234191
|
<jats:p>The prevailing discipline in dealing with the Year 2000 computer problem tends to be logistics, which is the main focus of this paper. However, the Year 2000 computing problem is considered a multi‐disciplinary problem, as it concerns fields of information systems, maintenance, decision making and crisis and risk management. The millennium problem is increasingly critical yet still it seems there is no systematic and unified approach that considers multiple criteria. The paper analyzes the process of formulating and evaluating an appropriate strategy using multiple criteria decision making (MCDM), based on the analytical hierarchy process (AHP), in order to deal with the millennium problem. The proposed methodology is developed to systematize the decision process. The model used was constructed to provide a generic framework for the formulation of an appropriate millennium problem‐solving strategy. The methodology is described and important issues of consistency and resource allocation, using the knapsack method, are tested.</jats:p>
|
A logistics approach to managing the millennium information systems problem
|
[
"Labib Ashraf W. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576059810234191
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576059810234254
|
<jats:p>Presents an analysis of the total quality management (TQM) system of a logistics service provider operating in a supply chain context. The company can achieve ongoing improvement in its services cost‐effectively through efficient use of information system and teamwork. Following the strategy of case study research, analytical generalisation is made with respect to the multiple roles of the logistics service provider in determining its relationships with internal and external customers and in setting service goals; the intensive use of information in facilitating and monitoring logistics service operations, which in turn determines the competitive advantage of the service provider; essence of people‐based management and how that promotes interactions in teamwork, trust building and flexibility in meeting changing goals and process requirements; and alliance leadership and its potential to empower teams to innovate and upgrade total quality service in turbulent environments.</jats:p>
|
Case study: managing for total quality of logistics services in the supply chain
|
[
"Fung Patrick ",
"Wong Alfred "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576059810234254
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576059910256600
|
<jats:p>The aim is to address the approach and identify the assessment of the effectiveness of IT investment used by organisations, to develop a thesis of good practice in this area; and to test this thesis by reference to a focus group consisting of practitioners.The research began using the case study method to collect evidence and then content analysis was employed to analyse this evidence to identify empirical generalisations and thus develop a theory of IT investment, IT investment evaluation and IT benefit identification. Correspondence analysis was used on the case study data as one step in establishing the theory. A focus group was used to present the relevant theory and the models that were created. Finally, the practical management guidelines suggested by the research and the models and content analysis figures were presented to practitioners as a cross‐validation process and the results reported. The results of this research are an objectively developed theory of how IT investments are formulated and evaluated and how IT investment benefits are identified. </jats:p>
|
Management of information technology evaluation ‐ the development of a managerial thesis
|
[
"Lubbe Sam ",
"Remenyi Dan "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576059910256600
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576059910268869
|
<jats:p>An NHS hospital is a complex organisation with many departments which are all inter‐dependent. The “millennium bug” can potentially affect any or all of its systems. Disruption in one department, over the millennium period, is likely to affect the overall delivery of health care with potential threat to life. The NHS Executive has identified the year 2000 issue as the first non‐clinical priority and every hospital has established a business continuity plan. However, many of the critical risks are outside the hospitals’ direct control and service delivery will essentially depend on the ability of key suppliers to maintain their business continuity. Unlike in industry or profit‐making organisations, the cost of assessing the risk, testing and replacing non‐compliant equipment in hospitals cannot be passed to the consumer. Additional costs will have to be met from within existing resources which will have a major effect on the already stretched health care provisions.</jats:p>
|
The millennium bug and the potential impact on NHS hospitals
|
[
"Howell Peter ",
"Smith Sally ",
"Labib Mourad "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576059910268869
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576059910295805
|
<jats:p>Deals with the issues related to the implementation, in a manual finished goods warehouse, of an ERP information system aimed at improving warehouse internal logistics efficiency. Specifically it is observed that the mere implementation of an integrated warehouse management information system does not actually guarantee the optimization of warehouse logistics. Rather, to improve the overall systems efficiency, it is required that ERP implementation be combined with the redesign and the reorganization of warehouse logistics and processes. This means that to achieve an effective synergic effect and thus effectively increase systems efficiency, both these steps have to be undertaken concurrently, grounding the reorganization and redesign phase on the implementation fallouts )in first place higher traceability levels gained(. The whole project is then applied to a real case of a finished goods manual warehouse, with pile storage systems.</jats:p>
|
Efficiency improvement in manual warehouses through ERP systems implementation and redesign of the logistics processes
|
[
"Rizzi Antonio ",
"Zamboni Roberto "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576059910295805
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576059910299036
|
<jats:p>Computer simulation is one of several technologies available to improve competitiveness, and simulation is thus often used as a design and/or decision tool in various industries including supply chain systems. The presumed difficult and time‐consuming statistical analysis of simulation data is often avoided while doing simulation studies by supplying deterministic input data to simulation models. This article addresses this issue in order to make managers aware of the risks involved with this practice. Embracing any technology that is new to the organisation requires responsibility. A theoretical comparison of deterministic simulation versus stochastic simulation is conducted and the theoretical results are substantiated with empirical results obtained from a simple logistic simulation model using deterministic input as one alternative and stochastic input as a second alternative.</jats:p>
|
Drawing conclusions from deterministic logistic simulation models
|
[
"Saayman Stedrick ",
"Bekker James "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576059910299036
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576060010303686
|
<jats:p>Outlines the economic consequences of changes that are made during the design process and manufacture. Computer and paper based systems are considered, and the advantages of a computer based system are discussed. Experience in the use of a computer based system in a company is reviewed with respect to the sources of design changes, the control of design changes and the benefits gained. The use of bespoke and proprietary software is briefly discussed. Notes that engineering design change management plays an essential role in successful manufacturing organisations. Also notes that the bespoke system described has led to a considerable improvement in the company’s change control process.</jats:p>
|
Engineering design change management
|
[
"Kidd M.W. ",
"Thompson G. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576060010303686
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576060010326401
|
<jats:p>Much research has recently been conducted into the use of models for the economic design of multiple control charts (EDCC). Control chart models generally assume that most process variables are constant and only a limited number of the major variables are varied to reach a local optimum. In the economic design of multiple control charts (EDMCC), multiple control charts are used to analyse many manufacturing process variables simultaneously, in order to produce an optimal design for process control. However, the large number of variables often makes it difficult to solve this optimisation problem manually. This research explores the proposition that EDMCC can be optimised by using a novel genetic algorithm which dynamically adjusts the genetic algorithm’s (GA) operator and parameter settings during operation to ensure optimum effectiveness. This method involves refining the chromosome structure and using orthogonal arrays with fuzzy reasoning to reduce the search space.</jats:p>
|
A dynamic adaptive system for economic design of multiple control charts
|
[
"Tsai Chen‐Fang ",
"Bowerman Chris ",
"Tait John "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576060010326401
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576060010335609
|
<jats:p>Discusses the development and evaluation of a forecasting model for inventory management in an advanced technology batch production environment. Traditional forecasting and inventory management do not adequately address issues relating to a short life cycle and to non‐seasonal products with a relatively long lead time. Limited historical data (fewer than 100 observations) is also a problem in predicting short‐term dynamic or unstable time series. A Bayesian dynamic linear time series model is proposed as an alternative technique for forecasting demand in a dynamically changing environment. Provides details of the important characteristics and development process of the forecasting model. A case study is then presented to illustrate the application of the model based on data from a multinational company in Singapore. It also compares the Bayesian dynamic linear time series model with a classical forecasting model (auto‐regressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model).</jats:p>
|
Forecasting demand and inventory management using Bayesian time series
|
[
"Spedding T.A. ",
"Chan K.K. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576060010335609
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576060210415400
|
<jats:p>Discusses the problem definition and solving strategies contained in the TRIZ methodology. Constructed around the findings of over 1,500 person years of research, and the systematic extraction of knowledge from nearly 3 million of the world’s strongest patents, the Russian Theory of Inventive Problem Solving, TRIZ, has identified a number of design contradiction‐eliminating strategies, and distinct and predictable technology evolution patterns. These patterns and their use in the context of current and projected future manufacturing methods and systems are discussed.</jats:p>
|
Manufacturing technology evolution trends
|
[
"Mann Darrell "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576060210415400
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576069410050323
|
<jats:p>Reports some of the findings of two years′ research work carried out
within a number of manufacturing engineering companies both in the
United Kingdom and Brazil. All the companies belong to the automotive
industry. The objective of the overall research was to analyse the
relationships between the variables of uncertainty, variability of
outputs and flexibility in manufacturing systems. The findings are a
co‐product of the overall research and are related to the flexibility of
the structural (human and technological) manufacturing resources.
Derives a new way of looking at stocks and its role in the manufacturing
system′s flexibility.</jats:p>
|
The Flexibility of Technological and Human Resources in Automotive
Manufacturing
|
[
"Luiz Corrêa Henrique "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576069410050323
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576069410064706
|
<jats:p>The fast‐changing manufacturing environment has been the prime cause of
a company′s growing dissatisfaction with its production information
system, which ultimately led to the realization of the need for an
Integrated Manufacturing Information System (IMIS). A three‐stage
procedure was established to assist the investment decision, which
involved informal communication, project appraisal, and installation
planning. While the long‐term impact of the IMIS on the company′s
business operation is yet to be fully understood, its short‐term
benefits are being realized. These include substantial savings on
overheads, a marked increase in productive hours, and promising
improvement in productivity.</jats:p>
|
Integrated Manufacturing Information System:
|
[
"Zhuang Lizhang ",
"Burns George "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576069410064706
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576069410064733
|
<jats:p>The majority of engineering failures occur because of surface initiated
effects such as wear, corrosion and fatigue. Surface treatment/coatings
(T/C) offer the potential to prevent failure and often to reduce cost.
T/C selection is an important part of design for manufacture (DFM)
spectrum and has been a very elusive activity to formalize. With the
advent of knowledge‐based systems, provision of T/C selection assistance
to the designer early on in the design process has become a practical
reality. Reports the development of the TESS (Tribologically Engineered
Surface Selection) expert system, which is concerned with the field of
Surface T/C and their selection for optimum engineering design
solutions. Introduces the T/C selection methodology and also describes
the system developed. A logic‐based AI language, Prolog, has been used
for the system development and versions of the system have been
developed to run on the workstation and PC platforms. The initial work
on the system was carried out with SERC support. Further developments
are under way in this and other related design for manufacturability
areas in this integrated design decision support approach.</jats:p>
|
Expert Surface Treatment and Coating Selection Assistance in Product
Design
|
[
"Syan Chanan S. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576069410064733
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576069410069521
|
<jats:p>Assembly planning and scheduling are two major functions in circuit board manufacturing. Currently, assembly plans are developed in the absence of information about the state of the shop floor at the execution time of the assembly operation. In effect, these assembly plans may impose unnecessary restrictions on scheduling. As a result, scheduling conflicts, bottlenecks, imbalance in assembly lines and machine congestion that lead to lateness and excessive production and shipping costs are inevitable. Compares the performances of the traditional method of isolated planning and scheduling with a proposed method of simultaneous generation of assembly plans and schedules in electronic assembly operations. Simulated scenarios indicate the potential superiority of the integrated system.</jats:p>
|
Simultaneous Generation of Assembly Plans and Schedules in Electronics Assembly Operations
|
[
"Khoshnevis Behrokh ",
"Bottlik Geza ",
"Reza Azmandian Ali "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576069410069521
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576069410069530
|
<jats:p>Presents a description of an automated manufacturing process planning
(AMPP) system developed by the US Army Missile Command (MICOM) at
Redstone Arsenal, Alabama, that integrates computer aided design,
computer aided process planning and computer aided manufacturing
systems. The AMPP system automatically generates process plans and
numerical control code to fabricate turned cylindrical parts. The AMPP
system is available for demonstration at the AIDT Alabama Center for
Advanced Technology Transfer (ACATT) in Huntsville.</jats:p>
|
Automated Process Planning System for Turned Parts
|
[
"Rogers John S. ",
"Farrington Phillip A. ",
"Schroer Bernard J. ",
"Hubbard Randall G. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576069410069530
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576069510076135
|
<jats:p>Discusses the relationships between finite schedulers which operate
on output from a higher level in a conventional MRPII system, and
so‐called stand‐alone schedulers which essentially operate directly on
orders. Presents two graphical models – a demand flow model and a
flowpipe model – which help to explain the differences between
such schedulers and are used to illustrate the key features of each.
Coupled schedulers tend to work on demand which has already been
smoothed or planned in some way and can be described as planning‐led,
whereas stand‐alone schedulers work from unfiltered data, with the
operator reacting to schedule quality (due‐date performance, resource
activation levels, etc.) and thence adjusting resource and rerunning.
Ascribes the growth of the stand‐alone scheduler, at least in part, to
the greatly increased computing power available quite inexpensively on
modern equipment.</jats:p>
|
MRPII and stand‐alone finite schedulers: the relationships
|
[
"Little David ",
"Porter Keith ",
"Jarvis Peter C. ",
"Kenworthy John G. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576069510076135
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576069510082138
|
<jats:p>Aims to point out some effects caused by the implementation of
flexible integrated automation on employment in small and medium Italian
firms. Debates some economic theses such as: intra‐firm diffusion,
deskilling labour process, the role of training and, finally, the
creation of technological unemployment. Concludes that the first three
examples of empirical evidence have largely confirmed the theoretical
consensus on the employment effects of flexible integrated automation
implementation. The fourth empirical evidence is, on the contrary, quite
discordant.</jats:p>
|
The employment effects of flexible integrated automation in small
and medium firms
|
[
"Calabrese Giuseppe "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576069510082138
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576069510086080
|
<jats:p>Interest in the extension of quality management programmes into
customer‐supplier relationships in manufacturing is increasing. The
potential for joint quality improvement initiatives to yield mutual
benefits is increasingly being recognized as a natural development of
internal total quality programmes. Reports on research with eight
suppliers into the telecommunications and electronics industries.
Documents a number of findings in relation to a number of propositions
for effective total quality partnerships. Concludes that such
partnerships are essentially integrating mechanisms for the development
of joint customer‐supplier total quality management. Progress towards
such partnerships is currently limited among the sample of companies
studied.</jats:p>
|
Developing integration through total quality supply chain
management
|
[
"Levy Paul ",
"Bessant John ",
"Sang Bob ",
"Lamming Richard "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576069510086080
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576069510086116
|
<jats:p>Reviews the wide range of perspectives on the nature, scope and
implications of computer integrated manufacturing (CIM). Presents the
main deliverable of a three‐year programme of research conducted by the
Keele Advanced Manufacturing Group. Entitled CIMple (Computer Integrated
Manufacturing Programmed Learning Environment), it comprises a
hypermedia‐based and business‐oriented design methodology to assist the
user in the analysis, design and implementation of CIM systems. Presents
both the underlying models within the methodology and information on how
CIMple is used in practice.</jats:p>
|
A computer integrated manufacturing programmed learning environment
|
[
"Forrester Paul L. ",
"Tang Nelson K.H. ",
"Hawksley Chris "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576069510086116
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576069510086125
|
<jats:p>The actual success or failure of a product is measurable partially
in terms of the commercial success of the organization producing it.
Addresses how to estimate that success at the concept stage of the
design process, prior to detailed design, when there is not yet a
physical artefact, and no definite knowledge of how the market will
respond to it, but simply some representation of it, for example, design
drawings and 3‐D models. Describes a method for approaching this problem
by establishing attributes (in “user terms”) which a product
must have to enable it to achieve success. Presents an example of a
toothbrush, determines the measurable attributes required from this
product and describes methods for their evaluation.</jats:p>
|
Concept design assessment from specified user needs
|
[
"Rodgers Paul A. ",
"Patterson Alastair C. ",
"Wilson Derek R. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576069510086125
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576069510093424
|
<jats:p>Simulation is an established method of predicting, in detail, the
performance of manufacturing systems at the shop or cell level. Recent
developments in computer hardware and software technology, combined with
methodologies for approximate modelling, allow the extension of
simulation to modelling of complete factories or manufacturing
enterprises. Such applications require appropriate performance measures,
possibly different from those generated in more detailed simulation, to
be derived from the models. Examines the performance measures which can
be usefully predicted by such models, their relationship with one
another, and their propagation through the hierarchical structure of
factory management systems. Applies practically the taxonomy of
performance measures derived to industrial case studies, and includes a
brief example of application.</jats:p>
|
Reporting requirements and performance measures in integrated
approximate factory modelling
|
[
"Popplewell Keith ",
"Bing Yu "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576069510093424
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576069510093433
|
<jats:p>The problems associated with supply chains are seldom simply and
easily understood. Many tools and algorithms have been developed to help
decision makers, but the applicability of these tools is limited to
distinct parts of the system or they attempt to comprise the system
resulting in a complicated use of the model. For a decision maker who
wants to understand the problems of a supply chain as a whole and has
limited time resources, only spreadsheet, pen and paper are offered.
Discusses a tool which has been developed to model the logistics
networks quickly and easily and to enable comparison of different supply
chains on a rough level. Uses four principles when building this tool:
reduction of the number of variables, creating a holistic view of the
chain, use of simple calculations and the scenario approach. The tool
for modelling logistics networks has been successfully applied to
different kinds of industries in various problem situations.</jats:p>
|
Rough modelling of logistics networks
|
[
"Seppälä Ulla ",
"Holmström Jan "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576069510093433
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576069510093460
|
<jats:p>Examines the research of integrated product design. Several design
strategies and methodologies have been proposed, yet none of them is
particularly suitable for small‐to medium‐sized enterprises. Develops
strategies of integrated product design for small‐ to medium‐sized
companies through the studies of the Hong Kong toy manufacturing
industry. These include strategies for the product design, the assembly
system design and computer‐aided tools. Uses a case study to illustrate
some of the concepts of the integrated product design. Finally,
discusses the application and limitations of the proposed integrated
product design methodology.</jats:p>
|
A strategic approach to integrated product design for small – to
medium‐sized companies
|
[
"Wu Paul S. ",
"Hon Yuen Tam ",
"Fuliang Zhao "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576069510093460
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576069610111864
|
<jats:p>Explores the operations of US and Japanese electronics manufacturers in South‐East Asia from two perspectives. Uses views from a small number of company headquarters in North America and Japan to build two general strategies for commodity electronics manufacturing in the South‐East Asia region. The result of the US strategy would be to retain core technologies at the home base, while the stated Japanese strategy is to transfer technologies rapidly to offshore sites. Tests these disparate strategies against operational realities in a large study of the manufacturing technology level and R&D capability of electronics manufacturing sites in South‐East Asia. Site observations suggest that there is much commonality between the operational configurations and approaches.</jats:p>
|
Offshore investment strategies and technological upgrading in electronics manufacture in South‐East Asia
|
[
"Williams D.J. ",
"Tilley K.J. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576069610111864
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576069610116904
|
<jats:p>Argues that all manufacturing organizations contain the same basic elements needed to be world class, but some perform much better than others through attention to integration and closer synchronization of value‐adding activity. Considers the evidence that throughput time reduction in the material conversion chain has been most successful when restructuring a company. Managers and all employees, however, need to develop a new mindset which can focus on the manufacturing system constructs that effectively link the value chain. Gives case history results to expand on the problems encountered in developing the value‐adding capability of organizations.</jats:p>
|
Manufacturing system constructs: the need for resource alignment
|
[
"Barker Bob "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576069610116904
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576069610125058
|
<jats:p>Argues that while engineering decisions can have a significant impact on the fortunes of a manufacturing business, the methods of evaluation currently available are limited in their ability to predict, accurately, comprehensively and reliably, the full financial effect of such decisions. Proposes the creation of a “whole business simulator” (WBS) from the elements of a computer integrated manufacturing (CIM) system and specialist simulation modules. Argues that the system would be capable of evaluating any engineering decision by generating the time‐phased financial performance of the simulated company in the form of standard accounting reports. Describes a demonstration system which has been developed to prove the viability of the concept.</jats:p>
|
Evaluation of design decisions through CIM and simulation
|
[
"Love Doug ",
"Barton Jeff "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576069610125058
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576069610125085
|
<jats:p>Investigates the efficiency of finite capacity scheduling tools within companies which employ them. Presents research findings of the Liverpool STS Research Group into “best practice” in short‐term scheduling. Concludes with a list of key points drawn from the research.</jats:p>
|
Finite capacity scheduling tools: observations of installations offer some lessons
|
[
"Porter Keith ",
"Little David ",
"Kenworthy John ",
"Jarvis Peter "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576069610125085
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576069610129883
|
<jats:p>Examines the experience of Australian industrial collaborative projects. Identifies some of the people and organizational issues which surround the design, development and application of advanced technology. Uses the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation’s Division of Manufacturing Technology, General Motors‐Holden’s Automotive Limited, James Hardie Irrigation and the Hoover Press Shop in Sydney to illustrate the political nature of collaborative projects and to highlight the processes involved in transferring research innovation into programmes of organizational change. Distils five key lessons from the case studies: first, that the design of appropriate technology is more effective when technical and organizational issues are developed and implemented together; second, that account should be taken of the number of geographical locations, size and complexity of proposed projects; third, that continuity of leadership and personnel is important; fourth, that funding arrangements should be clarified from the outset and short‐term budget justifications minimized; and fifth, that industrial collaborations require continual interpersonal effort and open communication.</jats:p>
|
Advanced technology design, people and organization: experience of Australian industrial collaboration
|
[
"Dawson Patrick "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576069610129883
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576069710179733
|
<jats:p>Results of complementary surveys of foreign and Chinese manufacturing enterprises with respect to their objectives and expectations regarding technology transfer into China show that the major strategic objective of foreign enterprises, to gain access to the Chinese market, fits well with Chinese enterprises’ main objective of improving domestic competitiveness but less well with that of accessing world markets through technology transfer. Foreign firms rate highly the capability of Chinese enterprises to learn new technologies and also find the Chinese macro environment for business favourable. The survey results provide information that will help managers with their negotiations on co‐operating with prospective partners for the transfer of technology as well as assisting policy makers who wish to facilitate more effective transfer arrangements.</jats:p>
|
Transferring manufacturing technology to China: supplier perceptions and acquirer expectations
|
[
"Bennett David ",
"Hongyu Zhao ",
"Vaidya Kirit ",
"Xing Ming Wang "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576069710179733
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576069710181956
|
<jats:p>Presents the development of an AutoCAD development system (ADS) application program for the automatic analysis of parts in mechanical assembly. The primary goal is to provide design engineers with a tool for extracting the part’s characteristics from the 3‐D solid model AutoCAD database. With this information and other non‐geometric information, the time for assembling the part can be determined. Describes the algorithms used to evaluate the rotational symmetries from the solid model database. Twelve 3‐D solid models are designed to evaluate the program capabilities. The overall performance of the program is satisfactory in terms of speed. It also provides a low‐cost PC‐based, fully‐functional alternative to the more expensive workstation‐based analysis program.</jats:p>
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Geometric analysis of parts from a 3‐D solid model for manual assembly times
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[
"Ong Nan‐Shing ",
"Chua Chee‐Kai ",
"Lee Eng‐Wah "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576069710181956
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576069710181992
|
<jats:p>Describes a 1995 market survey of 21 UK vendors and users of cell control systems. The market data were collected via the use of a questionnaire which elicited views on: functional requirements of cell controllers; benefits realized through applying cell control technology; operational requirements of cell controllers; factors which constrain the industrial use of cell control technology; and the scale of the cell controller market. The results provide a useful indication of the current size of the UK cell control marketplace and the main areas in which such systems have been successfully applied. They also outline a set of outstanding industrial requirements, knowledge of which can help shape the agendas of research and vendor communities which currently seek to develop the next generation of cell control systems.</jats:p>
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A report on the UK cell control marketplace
|
[
"Gascoigne J.D. ",
"Zhang B.L. ",
"Weston R.H. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576069710181992
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576069710182027
|
<jats:p>Reports on research based on the results of a survey of design management in the UK mechanical engineering industry. Considers the issue of which aspects of production were considered in the design of products and when. Demonstrates that at the prototype stage production aspects became the most important. This shows that the manufacturability of the product is not considered until after it has been designed. Concludes that the effective and efficient manufacture of the product is not given sufficient attention by mechanical engineering firms. Also investigates the involvement of production personnel in the design process. Finds that production engineering was more extensively involved in the design process the closer it moved towards manufacture. Points to further research which hopes to address this lack by providing practical tools for the application of concurrent engineering.</jats:p>
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The consideration of production aspects during product design stages
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[
"Riedel Johann C.K.H. ",
"Pawar Kulwant S. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576069710182027
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576069710182036
|
<jats:p>The decomposition of production facilities into efficient cells is one of the areas attracting increasing research attention due to the performance benefits which cellular manufacturing offers. One of the problems associated with cell formation is the restrictive character of the existing task formalization models resulting in most cases from the use of single machine tool routeings in representing the component requirements. In contrast, the industrial reality provides a more complex picture with multiple choice of processing routeings in terms of available machine alternatives which need to be considered in order to achieve an “optimum” cellular decomposition of manufacturing facilities. Presents a facility decomposition approach based on multiple choice of processing alternatives for each component. The decision making is based on a generic description of the component processing routeings using unique machine capability patterns ‐ “resource elements”. Manufacturing cells are formed using concurrent fuzzy clustering methodology and a validation procedure for selection of the “optimum” facility partition.</jats:p>
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Cellular decomposition of manufacturing facilities using resource elements
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[
"Gindy Nabil N.Z. ",
"Ratchev Tsvetan M. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576069710182036
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576069710182045
|
<jats:p>Gradual phasing out of manual methods through sequential substitution of machines may well represent the only viable manufacturing strategy option for many job shops particularly in developing countries. For such job shop projects with limited capital, investment in buildings and machines needs to be phased so as to benefit from added capital from reinvested earnings. Describes a dynamic integer model suitable for such investment scheduling. Suggests that the model was solved with a readily implementable heuristic which employs suitable decision rules for scheduling machinery purchases and factory space construction in modular units. The model will find ready application in emerging job shop projects of many developing countries.</jats:p>
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A sequential model for concurrent expansion in machinery and buildings using reinvested earnings
|
[
"Aderoba Adeyemi "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576069710182045
| 2,002 |
July
|
10.1108/09576069710188887
|
<jats:p>Integrates CAD/CAM, production control and process control in a case study involving manufacturing automation. The manufacturing firm is a distributed cellular system operating in a produce‐to‐order environment. Combines a parametric CAD software with global variables and global relations to achieve a design automation. Results obtained from design automation are transmitted to update the design model and the associative manufacturing model. In addition, scheduling and control are also integrated in the system. Distinguishes three scheduling levels: static scheduling, rescheduling, and real‐time scheduling. For a distributed and effective reason, the distributed shifting bottleneck procedure (DSBP) is adopted as the static scheduler and rescheduler, and the LRPT (longest bottleneck processing time) despatching rule is adopted as the real time despatching rule. FInally, introduces the configuration of the system including the flexible manufacturing cell architecture and the input buffer device. Uses a PLC programming toll that follows the IEC 1131‐3 standard to implement cell controllers. The above implementation aims to easily and effectively execute the CIM system.</jats:p>
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Integrated application in CAD/CAM, scheduling and control
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[
"Woie Chang Jau ",
"Ping Luh Yih ",
"Shyong Chiou Shean "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/09576069710188887
| 2,002 |
July
|