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Please write an abstract with title: A Bargraph IR-UWB pulse generator with Adaptive PSD for medical applications using a 130nm CMOS Process, and key words: Broadband antennas, Pulse generation, Transmitters, Transistors, Broadband communication, Power demand, Transmitting antennas. Abstract: A Bargraph IR-UWB transmitter with Adaptive PSD for medical applications using a 130nm CMOS Process is proposed in this paper. This circuit produces a pulse with up to eight monocycles that are inversely proportional to the power bandwidth. The complete circuit is composed of eight Edge Combiners Stage (ECS), a Bargraph circuit and a broadband antenna. This circuit operates at a central frequency of ≈5.2 GHz. The post-layout simulations were performed using CMOS 130 nm libraries in LTSpice for a Pulse Repetition Frequency (PRF) of 200 MHz at 1.2V power supply voltage, and the results show monocycles with amplitude of 100mV at output. The average power consumption ranging of 419 μW to one oscillation and 715 μW to eight monocycles per pulse. The gain of antenna is 4dB and s11 parameter in same frequency is the -12dB. The core chip size occupies a small area of 78 μm × 97 μm (without pads).
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399,601 |
Please write an abstract with title: A Novel Hybrid Deep Learning Algorithm for Smart City Traffic Congestion Predictions, and key words: Deep learning, Smart cities, Roads, Vehicular ad hoc networks, Predictive models, Prediction algorithms, Automobiles. Abstract: A research is an intellectual system, the vehicular adhoc network (VANET), supplies cars in the network with critical information. Over 150,000 individuals are impacted by traffic accidents that must be kept to a minimum, and the development of safety must be included in VANET. Traffic congestion prediction is critical to mitigating car accidents and managing traffic for the benefit of all road users. The cars in the system exhibit dynamic behavior, which adversely affects the performance of deep learning approaches for congestion of traffic prediction. In this article a hybrid approach named boosted long short-term memory ensemble (BLSTME) as well as convolution neural network (CNN) is develop to help cars navigate around congested roads by giving CNN's powerful features access to BLSTME, which helps cars in dynamic environments by forecasting the likelihood of congestion. In order to forecast traffic congestion, CNN collects traffic attribute pictures, as well as suggested BLSTME trains. It also improves classifiers that are weaker. Tensor Flow libraries were used to build the model, which was then evaluated in the actual world in a simulated scenario created using the open source software SUMO and the proprietary software OMNeT++. After several trials, various tests, and evaluations, the experiment's results are analyzed, and the model's predictions are then evaluated using relevant metrics such probable accuracy, precision, as well as recall. Thus, the experimental result indicates that the hypothesis has been proven correct with a degree of accuracy, precision, and recall of 98%, 96%, and 94% respectively. The model outperforms current methods by providing 10% better stability and performance.
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399,602 |
Please write an abstract with title: Developing a Common Mentoring Protocol for ERC Summer Programs Using “As-is, Should-be and To-be” Process, and key words: Mentoring, Protocols, Interviews, Engineering education, Proposals, US Government. Abstract: The Engineering Research Centers (ERCs), funded by the National Science Foundation, run various summer programs to promote engineering education and engineering careers within the community. To help obtain a successful program experience, ERCs assign each participant a mentor or mentors from center affiliated faculty members, postdoctoral scholars and graduate students. Mentors have expressed concerns with lacking executable guidelines and followable instructions in mentoring the participants. Existing literature has not fully explored the mentoring protocols for engineering summer research programs. This study proposes a series of systematically integrated research to develop a common instructional mentoring protocol for future ERC summer programs by applying “As-is, Should-be and To-be” process.
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399,603 |
Please write an abstract with title: Self Adaptive Learning – Great Deluge Based Hyper-heuristics for Solving Cross Optimization Problem Domains, and key words: Adaptive learning, Linear programming, Heuristic algorithms, Telecommunications, Information technology, Simulated annealing. Abstract: In the literature, almost all optimization problems in NP-hard class are solved by meta-heuristics approach. However, this approach has the drawback of requiring tuning parameters for each different problem domain and different instances of the same problem. This approach is considered less effective in resolving these problems. Therefore, a new approach is needed, namely the hyper-heuristics approach that is able to solve cross-domain problems. Hyper-heuristic is one of the approximate search methods which is able to provide solutions to NP-hard problems in polynomial time, as well as giving fairly good and acceptable results. This method has two properties of search space, namely the selection of LLH and the acceptance of solutions (move acceptance). This approach works in barrier domains rather than directly working in problem domains. With these properties, hyper-heuristic is able to solve problems in different domains. In addition, hyper-heuristics has a learning mechanism through feedback from previously generated solutions. This final project tries to apply a hyperheuristic algorithm in six combinatorial optimization problem domains, namely SAT, Bin Packing, Flow Shop, Personnel Scheduling, TSP, and VRP. The method that will be used in this final project is Self Adaptive - Great Deluge (SAD-GED). The Self Adaptive mechanism is used to make LLH selection to be used, while the Great Deluge is used in determining the acceptance of solutions (move acceptance) in a hyperheuristic framework. The application of the SAD-GED algorithm is expected to be able to provide better results than the existing algorithm used previously, namely Simple Random - Simulated Annealing.
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399,604 |
Please write an abstract with title: Emissivity of silicon: a mystery to some but not to all!, and key words: Silicon, Reflectivity, Electromagnetic wave absorption, Electromagnetic radiation, Attenuation, Semiconductor materials, Electromagnetic refraction, Temperature measurement, Springs, Production. Abstract: The variation of emissivity and absorption between different parts of a production wafer results in nonuniform wafer temperature. The formula for the reflection and emissivity of electromagnetic radiation of a semitransparent semiconductor wafer is presented. It is shown that changes in the absorption coefficient due to different levels of semiconductor doping result in different reflectivity, and consequently, in different emissivity. It is also shown that undoped regions of the wafer must be considered as a semitransparent material where absorption of incident radiation is a volumetric process and the blackbody radiant energy flux within an absorbing medium and reflectivity depends on the complex index of refraction.
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399,605 |
Please write an abstract with title: Pricing for transient stability, and key words: Pricing, Power system security, Power system transients, Power system stability, Load flow, Power system economics, Power generation economics, Environmental economics, Power system dynamics, Power system modeling. Abstract: Although electric power market has been studied for more than two decades now, transient stability, which is often a critical determinant of active power allocation is many systems, has rarely been discussed in the pricing literature. This paper presents the development of a stability constrained optimal power flow (SCOPF) based transient stability pricing method. For the first time, this paper introduces an index, which is the limit of stability constraints in SCOPF problems, for transient stability pricing. Experiments conducted for two IEEJ model systems, a 10-generator system and a 30-generator system, reveal some interesting impacts of the transient stability constraint on real power prices.
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399,606 |
Please write an abstract with title: A solvable Lie algebra condition for stability of linear multidimensional systems, and key words: Algebra, Multidimensional systems, Stability analysis, Biomedical engineering, Convergence, Control systems, Chemical technology, Sufficient conditions, Multidimensional signal processing, H infinity control. Abstract: This note analyzes exponential stability of a class of linear discrete multidimensional systems. Using a multidimensional comparison principle for estimating the system componentwise exponential convergence and a solvable Lie algebra condition, a sufficient condition for exponential stability of linear multidimensional systems is presented. The stability condition can be easily examined by computing the system matrices in finite steps. This is demonstrated by an example.
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399,607 |
Please write an abstract with title: A method of single and both fault locating and evaluating through nullor substitution on tree type power network, and key words: Fault diagnosis, Contact resistance, Metrology, Equations, Fault location. Abstract: The problem of fault diagnosis of a tree type power network with single or both short-circuit or open-circuit and a contact resistance of arbitrary value between lines is studied. Based on nullor substitution, the method presented here is suitable for fault locating and contact resistance evaluating. Principles of diagnosis are discussed, diagnosis equations are established, and diagnosis algorithms are presented. Finally, examples for diagnosis a five-branches tree-type power network with short-circuit and open-circuit are given.
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399,608 |
Please write an abstract with title: Empowering 5G Mobile Devices With Network Softwarization, and key words: 5G mobile communication, Mobile handsets, Wireless networks, Performance evaluation, Bandwidth, Virtualization, Wireless sensor networks. Abstract: The fifth generation of mobile wireless networks (5G) will provide an infrastructure with abundant and reliable connectivity for innovative and complicated applications. In 5G, 5G mobile devices, which will have improved computing resources for such applications, play an essential role. However, the network stack of 5G devices may continue to be borrowed from 4G legacy operating systems, thereby degrading user experience. In this paper, we posit that 5G users should have flexibility in utilizing networks and gain more awareness of network selection. To this end, we exploit network softwarization technologies to empower 5G devices. We then devise 5GSoft, a novel softwarized networking stack on each 5G mobile device. 5GSoft includes wireless virtualization to relax the dependence on hardware, thereby enabling sharing and multiple access. The 5GSoft device can concurrently exploit surrounding wireless networks using software-defined networking. Finally, the 5GSoft device is aware of network selection for each application process by applying network namespace. Qualitative evaluation of 5GSoft, in comparison to other approaches, highlights its effectiveness in terms of awareness and flexibility provision. Moreover, real experiments show that the virtualization in 5GSoft has negligible overhead.
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399,609 |
Please write an abstract with title: Improved DNA-Versus-Protein Homology Search for Protein Fossils, and key words: Proteins, DNA, Amino acids, Matrices, Standards, Genomics, Boundary conditions. Abstract: Protein fossils, i.e., noncoding DNA descended from coding DNA, arise frequently from transposable elements (TEs), decayed genes, and viral integrations. They can reveal, and mislead about, evolutionary history and relationships. They have been detected by comparing DNA to protein sequences, but current methods are not optimized for this task. We describe a powerful DNA-protein homology search method. We use a 64×21 substitution matrix, which is fitted to sequence data, automatically learning the genetic code. We detect subtly homologous regions by considering alternative possible alignments between them, and calculate significance (probability of occurring by chance between random sequences). Our method detects TE protein fossils much more sensitively than <monospace>blastx</monospace>, and $>10\times$ faster. Of the $\sim$7 major categories of eukaryotic TE, three were long thought absent in mammals: we find two of them in the human genome, polinton and DIRS/Ngaro. This method increases our power to find ancient fossils, and perhaps to detect non-standard genetic codes. The alternative-alignments and significance paradigm is not specific to DNA-protein comparison, and could benefit homology search generally. This is an extended version of a conference paper (Yao & Frith, 2021).
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399,610 |
Please write an abstract with title: Implementation of Self-Controlled Wheelchairs based on Joystick, Gesture Motion and Voice Recognition, and key words: Accelerometers, Bluetooth, Microcontrollers, Wheelchairs, Prototypes, Speech recognition, Software. Abstract: A self-controlled automatic wheelchair extremely important for physically challenged people. In this paper, we have presented, the design and implementation details of three schemes for a self-controlled wheelchair and discussed their comparative analysis. These designs include: a) Joystick Controlled Wheelchair b) Gesture Controlled Wheelchair and c) Voice Controlled Wheelchair. The first scheme presents a prototype of movement of the wheelchair using a joystick. The second scheme uses a pseudo glove carrying an accelerometer as an input to the wheelchair. The last scheme uses a HC-05 Bluetooth Module and Bluetooth Controller mobile application for the working of the wheelchair. All these schemes are implemented using an Arduino UNO microcontroller board. Arduino Integrated Development Environment (IDE) is used for developing the necessary software. The UPPAAL software is used for verification of the design. Various test cases are applied to the prototype models under varying environmental conditions. Based on these test results, a combination of voice controlled as well as gesture controlled wheelchair is proposed and designed for obtaining higher efficiency. Besides wheelchairs, these prototype designs can be extended for several other application areas.
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399,611 |
Please write an abstract with title: Lossless Satellite Data Compression for Real-Time Navigation of Autonomous Vehicles, and key words: Interpolation, Satellites, Computational modeling, Signal processing, Predictive models, Satellite navigation systems, Entropy coding. Abstract: Autonomous vehicles are able to sense their environment and operate without human involvement. In particular, they have to be able to locate themselves. In order to achieve this task, geolocalisation files such as RINEX files are used. Due to the large amount of data, these files are very large and there is a big challenge in reducing their size for real-time navigation. However, this problem has not really been explored for RINEX files. In this paper, we propose an efficient method to losslessly compress RINEX files based on quadratic polynomial interpolation for autonomous vehicles navigation. Indeed, due to the orbits of the satellites around the earth, satellite signals can be modeled by parabolic curves. After interpolation of this model, prediction errors are computed as the differences between each original value of the satellite signal and its associated predicted value. Finally, these prediction errors are compressed using entropy coding. Experimental results show that our proposed method allows us to outperform the compression rate obtained by a previous state-of-the-art approach.
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399,612 |
Please write an abstract with title: Identifying, Seizing, and Preserving Evidence from Internet of Things Devices, and key words: Internet of Things, Computer crime, Object recognition, Wireless communication, Media Access Protocol, IP networks, Cloud computing. Abstract: This chapter seeks to expand the cybercrime investigator's thinking so that the Internet of Things (IoT) environment is incorporated into the investigation plan, especially when a suspect is an internal employee of a business or a person who had physical access (approved or not) to the cybercrime scene. Digital evidence is everywhere, including in wearable technology such as Internet‐connected watches. Everything that captures data tells a portion of a story: even if it is a seemingly unrelated piece of data, it may provide assistance in the future. IoT evidence may be stored in the device, on an internal storage drive, or on a remote server operated by the IoT device manufacturer. As with all evidence, seizure must be lawful. A complainant will be able to provide authority in most instances, but be aware of the value of IoT‐connected devices when petitioning a court for a search warrant or civil court order.
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399,613 |
Please write an abstract with title: A Variational Quantum Algorithm for Ordered SVD, and key words: Training, Iris, Quantum algorithm, Logic gates, Numerical simulation, Cost function, Quantum circuit. Abstract: Singular value decomposition (SVD) is fundamentally important and broadly useful in both quantum and classical computing. There are several quantum algorithms known for SVD. Variational quantum algorithms with parametric quantum circuits (PQC) are the most promising approach to find SVD with near-term quantum computers. This paper reports a new method for quantum SVD (QSVD) that finds the singular vectors ordered by the magnitude of singular values by adding extra CNOT gates and a new local cost function design. This ordering is important because the singular vectors with the larger singular values is more representative for the given information. The ordering property of this approach is investigated with the standard Iris dataset by numerical simulations of 4-qubit states. Methods for choosing appropriate choices for the cost function hyperparameter and cost function terms as well as an application example of a quantum encoder are also discussed.
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399,614 |
Please write an abstract with title: An educational machine for teaching bifurcations and chaos, and key words: Education, Bifurcation, Chaos, Equations, Frequency, Ball bearings, Coils, Springs, Mathematical model, Damping. Abstract: We have developed a machine that enables us to learn bifurcations and chaos intuitively. An inverted pendulum, excited at its pivot, generates the above-mentioned phenomena. The equation of motion of the pendulum is assumed to be described by the following equation: J/spl Theta/ + C/spl Theta/ + K/spl Theta/ - mgh sin/spl Theta/ = mha/spl omega//sup 2/ cos/spl Theta/cos/spl omega/ t. The experimental result shows that the n period behavior (n=1,2,3) and chaos are clearly observed and the bifurcation characteristics agree well with the simulation result. According to the points of designing the machine, an analogous one or more extended ones can be manufactured.
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399,615 |
Please write an abstract with title: An improved low computation cost user authentication scheme for mobile communication, and key words: Computational efficiency, Authentication, Mobile communication, Smart cards, Computer science, Mobile computing, Network servers, Testing, Computer security, Information security. Abstract: Most of existing user authentication schemes require high computation cost of exponentiation operations for the purpose of security. However, it is not suitable for mobile devices. In this article, we propose a low computation cost user authentication scheme for mobile communication. Our scheme uses only one-way hash functions and smart cards and can be implemented efficiently. The proposed scheme not only resolves the weakness appeared in existing methods but also suits for mobile communication.
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399,616 |
Please write an abstract with title: An Improved Gray Wolf Optimization Algorithm Based on Tent Chaotic Initialization and Differential Evolution Strategy for Space Robot Base Attitude Undisturbed Planning, and key words: Optimization, Manipulators, Planning, Sociology, Statistics. Abstract: When the space robot contacts with the target, due to the coupling between the manipulator and the base, the instantaneous impulse generated at the end may cause a large roll of the base. This paper proposes a new base attitude undisturbed planning algorithm. Firstly, the dynamic equation of the space robot based on the variable stiffness joint is established . Secondly, using Tent chaotic map, differential evolution strategy and nonlinear control parameter strategy to improve the grey wolf optimization algorithm, an improved gray wolf optimization algorithm based on Tent chaotic initialization and differential evolution strategy is constructed. The stiffness value of variable stiffness joint is used as the gray wolf individual, and the algorithm is applied to the base attitude undisturbed planning of the space robot. Finally, the simulation results show that the algorithm can achieve base attitude undisturbed planning very well.
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399,617 |
Please write an abstract with title: A Blind Positioning Method for Sound Signal Source, and key words: blind source localization, five-sensor cross array, Generalization, adaptive far-near field. Abstract: With the development of silicon microphone technology, high-precision spatial positioning of sound sources becomes possible. When the sound source position of its near-field and far-field models is known, three-dimensional positioning is relatively easy. However, it is difficult to predict the range of the near-field and far-field of the source, which brings difficulties to the subsequent algorithm processing. In addition, the reflection and noise of the sound source signal, reverberation and the phase inconsistency of the silicon microphone also affect. In order to solve these problems, this paper proposes a fusion localization method, and optimized through software tools. The simulation results show that the algorithm is better than the traditional algorithm. The error has been reduced by more than three times. In the far-field model, the influence of the amplitude is eliminated by generalization, thereby optimizing its positioning accuracy. The stability of the positioning is increased by covariance calculation in the near-field model. By comparing the variances of the two models for the calculation of the same sound source, the calculation method with smaller error is selected to determine the model, and the final sound location. Simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Then the five-sensor cross microphone array is used to verify the experimental results. The experimental results show that the method can effectively improve the positioning accuracy of blind sound sources and has high practical value.
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399,618 |
Please write an abstract with title: A Reverse Vending Machine for Sorting Yoghurt Cups and PET Bottles, and key words: Costs, Supply chains, Prototypes, Companies, Recycling, Plastics, Waste disposal. Abstract: With the ever-increasing amount of waste disposal by mankind, the requirement for waste management is paramount. Apart from dumping waste in landfills, recycling is another popular solution adopted by the world to manage waste. As an effective collection mechanism of plastic waste, automatic recycle bins are employed in many countries in common places like subways and, malls. Furthermore, different rewarding mechanisms are in place to motivate the consumers to return the plastic waste. Reverse vending machines which encourage the collection of plastic waste and provide rewards are used in some countries. However, existing reverse vending machines lack features like separating plastic based on their plastic category. PET bottles and Yoghurt cups are some of the mostly disposed plastic containers in Sri Lanka. There are companies that use these types only to recycle and manufacture unique recycled products. This paper focuses on developing a reverse vending machine with plastic type sorting function to be used in the Sri Lankan context. The existing mechanisms were reviewed and a solution is designed to operate with Near-infrared (MR) plastic sorting and gravity transfer method. Furthermore, an appropriate rewarding mechanism is also proposed.
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399,619 |
Please write an abstract with title: On the controllability of linear systems with delay in control, and key words: Controllability, Linear systems, Delay systems, Delay lines, Control systems, Automatic control, Open loop systems, Delay effects, Vectors, Control system synthesis. Abstract: The controllability of linear time-invariant systems with a time delay in the control function is studied.
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399,620 |
Please write an abstract with title: A Three-Stage Multitimescale Framework for Online Dispatch in a Microgrid With EVs and Renewable Energy, and key words: Uncertainty, Charging stations, Power system stability, Renewable energy sources, Electric vehicle charging, Microgrids, Load modeling. Abstract: To accomplish more practical charging dispatch for electric vehicles (EVs) and effectively consider the multiuncertainties of renewable energy and load demand, this article presents a three-stage multitimescale framework for online dispatch of a grid-connected microgrid. In the first stage, a reference scheduling model is proposed to obtain the referral plans with a sampling period of 30 min. Considering these uncertainties, the second stage proposes a real-time operation method based on stochastic model predictive control, with a sampling period of 10 min, to update the referral plans by minimizing the deviation of the real results from the referral results. To sufficiently capture the operations of EV charging, a rule-based energy management model for the EV charging station is designed in the third stage. The controller of the third stage runs every minute and allocates the charging station power to the available EVs while meeting the charging demand and technical constraints. Numerical simulations are used to investigate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed dispatch framework. The simulation results show that the proposed framework reaches 98% of ideal performance achieved by off-line optimization.
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399,621 |
Please write an abstract with title: Darwin, thy name is system, and key words: Radio frequency, System testing, Automatic testing, Logic testing, Digital signal processing, Oscillators, Silicon, Instruments, Production, Costs. Abstract: Combine a hint of fear, a sense of foreboding and a thirst for self-preservation with the necessity to keep pace with rapidly increasing capabilities and complexities of the semiconductor manufacturing process and you have the perfect recipe for provoking an explosive evolutionary leap of design and test practices. Are we poised at a critical point of divergence from tradition and convention? Is there a developmental path which at once decreases new product time-to-market, time-to-full yield entitlement and production test costs, while simultaneously increasing yields, product quality levels and engineering reuse? Darwin, thy name is system
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399,622 |
Please write an abstract with title: Solution for healthcare crisis management improvement in Romania, and key words: Training, Analytical models, Social networking (online), Hospitals, Pandemics, Tools, Software. Abstract: In the paper, we present original software and administrative-organizational solutions that support the application of national legislation, in order to increase the capacity and speed of response of public authorities in Romania with responsibilities in the management of epidemics/pandemics and also of first line actors. Are briefly present the software solutions which include dynamiC Hospital wARd Management model (CHARM), CrisisHub Tool (CH) and Web Social Media Analytics Tool (WSMA), and the Reserve Structure of personnel and technical means as administrative-organizational solution. All these solutions are to cover some needs or syncope in the field, and also to improve the working procedures of the actors who manage emergencies.
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399,623 |
Please write an abstract with title: Bridging Offline Reinforcement Learning and Imitation Learning: A Tale of Pessimism, and key words: Behavioral sciences, Markov processes, Reinforcement learning, Data models, Data collection, Cloning, Uncertainty. Abstract: Offline reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms seek to learn an optimal policy from a fixed dataset without active data collection. Based on the composition of the offline dataset, two main methods are used: imitation learning which is suitable for expert datasets, and vanilla offline RL which often requires uniform coverage datasets. From a practical standpoint, datasets often deviate from these two extremes and the exact data composition is usually unknown. To bridge this gap, we present a new offline RL framework, called single-policy concentrability, that smoothly interpolates between the two extremes of data composition, hence unifying imitation learning and vanilla offline RL. Under this new framework, we ask: can one develop an algorithm that achieves a minimax optimal rate adaptive to unknown data composition? To address this question, we consider a lower confidence bound (LCB) algorithm developed based on pessimism in the face of uncertainty in offline RL. We study finite-sample properties of LCB as well as information-theoretic limits in multi-armed bandits, contextual bandits, and Markov decision processes (MDPs). Our analysis reveals surprising facts about optimality rates. In particular, in both contextual bandits and RL, LCB achieves a fast convergence rate for nearly-expert datasets, analogous to the one achieved by imitation learning, contrary to the slow rate achieved in offline RL. In contextual bandits, we prove that LCB is adaptively optimal for the entire data composition range, achieving a smooth transition from imitation learning to offline RL. We further show that LCB is almost adaptively optimal in MDPs.
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399,624 |
Please write an abstract with title: Double Structured Nuclear Norm-Based Matrix Decomposition for Saliency Detection, and key words: Saliency detection, Matrix decomposition, Sparse matrices, Indexes, Object detection, Feature extraction, Task analysis. Abstract: Saliency detection aims at identifying the most important and informative area in a scene. Recently low rank matrix recovery (LR) theory becomes an effective tool for saliency detection. The existing LR-based methods all work under the popular low rank and sparsity pursuit framework and perform well for images with small or homogeneous objects. However, if the image is with heterogeneous objects, the sparsity property of the object cannot be guaranteed. Moreover, as a useful tool for depicting a spatially structured matrix variable, nuclear norm (corresponding to the low rank) considers only the global structure but overlooks the inherent local structure of the data. We address these problems by proposing a double structured nuclear norm-based matrix decomposition (DSNMD) model for saliency detection. In the model, a tree-structured nuclear (TSN) norm is firstly introduced to constraint both the background and foreground regions. We also empirically demonstrate that TSN norm provides stronger performance at capturing the underlying structural information of the image regions including global structure, local structure, and internal structure of each node of the tree, and it deservedly inherits the advantages of both nuclear norm and sparsity-related norms (e.g., $\ell _{1}$ -norm, group sparsity norm) for saliency detection. Comprehensive evaluations on six benchmark datasets indicate that our method universally surpasses state-of-the-art unsupervised methods and performs favorably against supervised approaches.
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399,625 |
Please write an abstract with title: Long-term Solar Radiation Forecasting using a Deep Learning Approach-GRUs, and key words: Forecasting, Logic gates, Solar radiation, Predictive models, Recurrent neural networks, Deep learning, Solar power generation. Abstract: A long-term solar generation forecasting is an important issue in a microgrid design. Solar generation forecasting mainly depends on solar radiation forecasting. In this paper, A Deep Learning approach using Gated Recurrent Units (GRUs) is proposed for forecasting of a year-ahead hourly and daily solar radiation. The proposed GRU model is compared with the state of the art methods like Long Short Term Memory (LSTM), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), Support Vector Regression (SVR), Feed Forward Neural Network (FFNN) models and numerical model. Its effectiveness for long-term solar radiation forecasting over other methods is verified.
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399,626 |
Please write an abstract with title: Research on the Design of Coupling Mechanism for Double-Side Multiplexing of Multi-Load WPT System, and key words: Couplings, Multiplexing, Analytical models, Conferences, Voltage, Computer applications, Wireless power transmission. Abstract: Multi-load wireless power transmission system has become one of the research hotspots in recent years. In this paper, a coupling mechanism of double-side multiplexing of primary coil is proposed, which can supply power for multiple loads on both sides at the same time, and improve the utilization rate of transmitting coil. Firstly, the coupling mechanism model is established by COMSOL, and the cross-decoupling problem and anti-offset ability between secondary coils are analyzed. Secondly, the theoretical analysis of the multi-load system is carried out, and the two-terminal voltage of the load is derived. Finally, the simulation model of multi-load system is built to verify the feasibility of the coupling mechanism.
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399,627 |
Please write an abstract with title: Growth technique and structural properties of the higher manganese silicide films, and key words: Manganese, Silicides, Semiconductor films, Substrates, Electrons, Semiconductivity, Thermoelectricity, Semiconductor materials, Temperature, Silicon. Abstract: Higher manganese silicide - MnSi/sub /spl sim/1.7/ was found as semiconducting and can be a promising thermoelectric material for high temperature applications. In this work, we report the growth of continuous higher manganese silicide film formed on silicon substrate. The growth technique of the higher manganese silicide films was described in detail. The element-phase composition of the silicide films was determined by scanning electron X-ray microanalyzer. Si and Mn doping depth profiles of the samples were presented. As a result of the experimental investigation we found optimal operating conditions to grow polycrystalline higher manganese silicide films. It was established that the grown silicide layer at the substrate temperature T/sub sub/= 1040-1060/spl deg/C consist predominantly of higher manganese suicide MnSi/sub 1.71-1.75/ grains with thickness ranging from 5 to 30 /spl mu/m and oriented along the substrate normal. The structure of grown silicide films was studied by electron diffraction, and the morphology of these films studied using scanning electron microscopy.
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399,628 |
Please write an abstract with title: Increasing Patient Specificity of the Recurrent Neural Network Based Insulin Sensitivity Prediction by Transfer Learning, and key words: Sensitivity, Recurrent neural networks, Protocols, Transfer learning, Medical treatment, Stochastic processes, Predictive models. Abstract: Insulin therapy is a frequently applied treatment in intensive care to normalize the patient's blood glucose level increased by stress-induced hyperglycaemia. This therapy is generally referred to as Tight Glycaemic Control (TGC). The STAR (Stochastic-TARgeted) protocol is a TGC which uses the patient's insulin sensitivity (SI) as a key parameter to describe the patient's actual state. Prediction of the future patient's state, i.e. prediction of the patient's future SI value, is a crucial step of the protocol currently implemented by using the so-called Intensive Care INsulin Glucose (ICING) model of the human glucose-insulin system and an associated stochastic model. In our previous studies, we have shown that the Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) models are efficient alternative methods of SI prediction. In this paper, we suggest applying the so-called transfer learning technique to further enhance the accuracy of the SI prediction by using the SI history of the current patient. The paper presents the proposed methodology for applying transfer learning in SI prediction and the evaluation of the method's accuracy by comparing the outcomes with the currently applied solution. Insilico validation using real patients' data is involved in this validation.
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399,629 |
Please write an abstract with title: Advanced sonar and laser range finder fusion for simultaneous localization and mapping, and key words: Laser fusion, Simultaneous localization and mapping, Sonar measurements, Mobile robots, Acoustic beams, Mirrors, Acoustic signal detection, Machine intelligence, Systems engineering and theory, Electric variables measurement. Abstract: Increasing the information content of measurements can ease some of the problems associated with simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM). We present an approach for combining measurements from a laser range finder with measurements from an advanced sonar array capable of accurate range and bearing measurements and edge, corner and plane classification. In our approach sonar aids laser segmentation, laser aids good sonar point feature selection and laser and sonar measurements of the same object are fused. We also present a novel approach for fitting right angle corners to laser range data, which enables simple error estimation through the minimization of sum of square range residuals. The results are then used for SLAM with a mobile robot.
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399,630 |
Please write an abstract with title: RF performance and modeling of Si/SiGe resonant interband tunneling diodes, and key words: Resonant tunneling diodes, Silicon, Semiconductor device modeling, Epitaxial growth, Rapid thermal annealing, Germanium alloys, Silicon alloys. Abstract: The RF performance of two different Si-based resonant interband tunneling diodes (RITD) grown by low-temperature molecular beam epitaxy (LT-MBE) were studied. An RITD with an active region of B /spl delta/-doping plane/2 nm i-Si/sub 0.5/Ge/sub 0.5//1 nm i-Si/P /spl delta/-doping plane yielded a peak-to-valley current ratio (PVCR) of 1.14, resistive cutoff frequency (f/sub r0/) of 5.6 GHz, and a speed index of 23.3 mV/ps after rapid thermal annealing at 650/spl deg/C for 1 min. To the authors' knowledge, these are the highest reported values for any epitaxially grown Si-based tunnel diode. Another RITD design with an active region of 1 nm p+ Si/sub 0.6/Ge/sub 0.4//B /spl delta/-doping plane/4-nm iSi/sub 0.6/Ge/sub 0.4//2 nm i-Si/P /spl delta/-doping plane and annealed at 825/spl deg/C for 1 min had a PVCR of 2.9, an f/sub r0/ of 0.4 GHz, and a speed index of 0.2 mV/ps. A small signal model was established to fit the measured S/sub 11/ data for both device designs. Approaches to increase f/sub r0/ are suggested based on the comparison between these two diodes. The two devices exhibit substantially different junction capacitance/bias relationships, which may suggest the confined states in the /spl delta/-doped quantum well are preserved after annealing at lower temperatures but are reduced at higher temperature annealing. A comprehensive dc/RF semi-physical model was developed and implemented in Agilent advanced design system (ADS) software. Instabilities in the negative differential resistance (NDR) region during dc measurements were then simulated.
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399,631 |
Please write an abstract with title: Research on Parallel Computing Teaching: state of the art and future directions, and key words: Education, Parallel processing, Databases, Systematics, Proposals, Software, Parallel programming. Abstract: This research full paper identifies how the teaching of parallel computing has been developing over the years. The learning of parallel and distributed computing is fundamental for computing professionals, due to the popularization of parallel architectures. Teaching parallel computing involves theoretical concepts and the development of practical skills. Its content is dense and comprises different disciplines in computer courses. Although there is growing concerned about this type of teaching, the organization and depth of parallel computing teaching at universities change widely. The available literature on the teaching of parallel computing shows some experiences about how to teach parallel computing; however, it is not easy to determine the state of the art with challenges and gaps. Our objective is to identify essential aspects related to the teaching of parallel computing as methodologies, supporting resources, subjects taught, the satisfaction of students with learning and curricula. We carried out a systematic mapping to extract information from the literature, which is composed of three phases: planning, conduction, and reporting. We initially selected 819 papers from the Scopus, IEEE, ACM, and Google Scholar databases. After a previous analysis, we performed a full read of 94 papers. The use of different teaching methodologies appears in the publications, however, the traditional teaching methodology still is the most used. There is a small number of students in parallel computing courses, a concern of different authors. Educational software or hardware resources are reported, with software proposals corresponding to most of them. The teaching of parallel computing at the beginning of undergraduate courses appear in different papers. This paper contributes to research in teaching parallel computing, pointing out the state of the art of this area, highlighting challenges that should be the focus of investigations.
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Please write an abstract with title: Understanding How Family Influences and Support Students' Certainty of Engineering Major, and key words: Technological innovation, Engineering profession, Linear regression, Writing, Global communication, Cultural differences, Engineering students. Abstract: This research paper explores how students' motivation from family influences and family recognition may provide particular support for students' certainty of an engineering major. This outcome has been linked to higher retention rates in engineering and is a useful way to understand students' pathways early on in their undergraduate careers. Family has a significant role in shaping a student and developing their values, skills, and socialization. For example, a family of engineers may emphasize math and physics, while a family of authors may emphasize creative writing and reading. Furthermore, in the United States, socioeconomic status is a major determiner in students' opportunities to engage in STEM outside of formal education and the types of careers with which families may be familiar. Prior studies indicate that talking about science at home is a particularly important predictor of students' STEM interests. Additionally, first-generation college students and students from lower socioeconomic backgrounds may have higher family pressure to choose engineering as a track for upward mobility. However, much of the prior work examining familial influences on STEM or engineering students' career pathways has focused on K-12 or students' decisions about engineering as a major in college. In contrast, this study explores the role of family on students' career pathways during college through a variety of related constructs and answers the research question, “What family and background factors predict undergraduate engineering students' surety of major?” In this work, we draw on Yosso's framework of Community Cultural Wealth to understand how familial capital can support student pathways through engineering. Familial capital refers to those cultural knowledges nurtured among family or kin that support a sense of community history, memory, and cultural intuition. The data for this study comes from a larger mixed-methods project focused on characterizing latent diversity in engineering. A national survey of 3,711 students from 32 ABET-accredited first-year engineering programs measured over a dozen underlying attitudes, beliefs, and mindsets including epistemic beliefs, motivation, innovation self-efficacy beliefs, personality, STEM role identity, and demographics. We used multiple linear regression to predict engineering students' surety of major as influenced by their motivation (i.e., controlled or autonomous), reported family recognition of them as engineers, and demographics characteristics. Additionally, we included whether students had family members, particularly parents with STEM degrees to understand how knowledge of STEM careers might support students' pathways. The results of this work provide insights into how a family may function as particular supports for students even from afar in a university setting.
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Please write an abstract with title: Propeller Testing in the Cryogenic Wind Tunnel Cologne DNW-KKK, and key words: Propellers, Testing, Cryogenics, Electric motors, Force measurement, Magnetic field measurement, Nitrogen, Aircraft propulsion, Appropriate technology, Torque measurement. Abstract: To increase performance and meet environmental constraints for the propeller aircraft, the Cryogenic Wind Tunnel Cologne (DNW-KKK) has developed and implemented the appropriate technology. The most significant aspects relate to the cryogenic electric motor drive, force measurement and flow field investigation with stereo PIV. The model propeller is mounted at the 3-D support of DNW-KKK. It is driven by a cryogenic electric motor. The thrust and the torque are measured by a fixed cryogenic six-component balance. The influence of cooling with liquid nitrogen on the force measurement is negligible. The electric motor is a permanent magnet synchronous motor cooled by liquid nitrogen. Its total loss is small and the power density can be high. The dimension is 070x200 mm. The maximum power is 12.5 kW and the maximum rotation speed is 8300 RPM. Test results showed that the propeller performance can be measured accurately at DNW-KKK. A stereo-PIV setup was used to investigate the flow field around the propeller. Two cameras aligned at an angle of 60° to each other are used to record the images. The laser light sheet is directed to the propeller through a set of optics which is mounted closely to the tunnel side wall.
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Please write an abstract with title: Integrated Lidar with Wide Steering Angle by Combining Outputs of Orthogonally Polarized Beams, and key words: Laser radar, Lasers and electrooptics, Laser modes, Laser beams, Laser tuning, Gratings, Electrooptical waveguides. Abstract: Beam steering in integrated Lidar is implemented through wavelength tuning. Two beams with orthogonal polarizations are generated from TE and TM modes using paired grating couplers. Combining the outputs of two beams doubles steering angle.
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399,635 |
Please write an abstract with title: A new vision-sensorless anti-sway control system for container cranes, and key words: Control systems, Containers, Cranes, Machine vision, Wire, Costs, State feedback, Velocity control, Motion analysis, Rails. Abstract: Most of conventional anti-sway control systems focus on control schemes with a vision system. Because it has many drawbacks such as difficult maintenance and high cost, a new vision-sensorless anti-sway control system for container cranes is proposed in this paper. The proposed system includes a multivariable state feedback anti-sway controller with an integrator, a sway velocity observer, and a sway angle detection method in which an inclinometer is used instead of the vision system. While conventional researches have used a simple pendulum model (single wire rope), the hoist wire rope structure of a real container crane is considered and the motion of the head block (spreader) is analyzed. An elaborate pilot crane is constructed to verify the performance of the proposed system. It is a 1/4-scaled model of a real rail mounted quayside crane. The feasibility and the performance of the proposed system are synthetically verified on the pilot crane. Also, experiments are carried out on the real container crane (rubber tyred gantry crane) in the commercial site to verify the performance of the proposed control system.
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Please write an abstract with title: Learning Visual Robotic Control Efficiently with Contrastive Pre-training and Data Augmentation, and key words: Training, Representation learning, Visualization, Codes, Reinforcement learning, Switches, Manipulators. Abstract: Recent advances in unsupervised representation learning significantly improved the sample efficiency of training Reinforcement Learning policies in simulated environments. However, similar gains have not yet been seen for real-robot reinforcement learning. In this work, we focus on enabling data-efficient real-robot learning from pixels. We present Contrastive Pre-training and Data Augmentation for Efficient Robotic Learning (CoDER), a method that utilizes data augmentation and unsupervised learning to achieve sample-efficient training of real-robot arm policies from sparse rewards. While contrastive pre-training, data augmentation, demonstrations, and reinforcement learning are alone insufficient for efficient learning, our main contribution is showing that the combination of these disparate techniques results in a simple yet data-efficient method. We show that, given only 10 demonstrations, a single robotic arm can learn sparse-reward manipulation policies from pixels, such as reaching, picking, moving, pulling a large object, flipping a switch, and opening a drawer in just 30 minutes of mean real-world training time. We include videos and code on the project website: https://sites.google.com/view/efficient-robotic-manipulation/home.
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399,637 |
Please write an abstract with title: Steady state analysis of user equipment state transitions for Universal Mobile Telecommunication Systems, and key words: Steady-state, 3G mobile communication, Radio spectrum management, Radio control, Switching circuits, Packet switching, Electronic mail, Packet radio networks, Traffic control, Switches. Abstract: Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) is a third generation system for efficient data packet radio transmission services. The three mobility management (MM) states PMM detached, PMM connected, and PMM idle are defined for efficient management of radio resources and signaling networks. In addition, two radio resource control (RRC) states idle and connected are introduced for the management of more detailed location information. The connected state is further divided into cell connected and URA connected states. These MM state models and RRC state models are combined together. The user equipment (UE) state transition behavior is modeled and the steady state probability of the UE states is derived using a semi-Markov process approach. The effect of various input parameters on the steady state probability is investigated.
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399,638 |
Please write an abstract with title: CDnetV2: CNN-Based Cloud Detection for Remote Sensing Imagery With Cloud-Snow Coexistence, and key words: Cloud computing, Feature extraction, Semantics, Satellites, Adaptation models, Clouds, Decoding. Abstract: Cloud detection is a crucial preprocessing step for optical satellite remote sensing (RS) images. This article focuses on the cloud detection for RS imagery with cloud-snow coexistence and the utilization of the satellite thumbnails that lose considerable amount of high resolution and spectrum information of original RS images to extract cloud mask efficiently. To tackle this problem, we propose a novel cloud detection neural network with an encoder-decoder structure, named CDnetV2, as a series work on cloud detection. Compared with our previous CDnetV1, CDnetV2 contains two novel modules, that is, adaptive feature fusing model (AFFM) and high-level semantic information guidance flows (HSIGFs). AFFM is used to fuse multilevel feature maps by three submodules: channel attention fusion model (CAFM), spatial attention fusion model (SAFM), and channel attention refinement model (CARM). HSIGFs are designed to make feature layers at decoder of CDnetV2 be aware of the locations of the cloud objects. The high-level semantic information of HSIGFs is extracted by a proposed high-level feature fusing model (HFFM). By being equipped with these two proposed key modules, AFFM and HSIGFs, CDnetV2 is able to fully utilize features extracted from encoder layers and yield accurate cloud detection results. Experimental results on the ZY-3 satellite thumbnail data set demonstrate that the proposed CDnetV2 achieves accurate detection accuracy and outperforms several state-of-the-art methods.
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Please write an abstract with title: Guest Editorial Special Section on Learning With Multimodal Data for Biomedical Informatics, and key words: Special issues and sections, Bioinformatics, Medical services, Electronic medical records, Computed tomography, Optical character recognition software, Feature extraction. Abstract: In this Special Section of the IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, it is our honor to present emerging advanced machine learning and data analytics algorithms aiming at catalyzing synergies among image/video processing, text/speech understanding, and multimodal learning in biomedical informatics. Our goals are to 1) introduce novel data-driven models to accelerate knowledge discovery in biomedicine through the seamless integration of medical data collected from imaging systems, laboratory and wearable devices, as well as other related medical devices; 2) promote the development of new multi-modal learning systems to enhance the healthcare quality and patient safety; and 3) promote new applications in biomedical informatics that can leverage or benefits from the integration of multi-modal data and machine learning.
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399,640 |
Please write an abstract with title: A Frequency Control Method Based on A Coordinated Active and Reactive Power Optimization Adjustment for Weak HVDC Sending-end Power Grid, and key words: Reactive power, HVDC transmission, Power grids, Steady-state, Voltage control, Optimization, Frequency control. Abstract: Block fault of large-capacity HVDC (high voltage direct current) transmission line will cause great impact on the weak HVDC sending-end power grid with high proportional renewable energy generation. A large power imbalance resulting from the week HVDC sending-end power block will lead to AC grid frequency increase accordingly. Therefore, active power adjustment is needed to maintain the AC grid power balance. However, it has been found that improper active power adjustment after the HVDC power block will cause steady state overvoltage problem although active power is balanced and grid frequency is satisfied. Based on the analysis of grid frequency and steady state voltage characteristics after the HVDC block fault, a coordinated active and reactive power optimization adjustment method is proposed in this paper. Objective function of active and reactive power coordinated optimization adjustment is to minimize the total power generation cost and grid active power loss such that both grid active power is balanced and voltage constraints are satisfied. Through coordinated optimization adjustment of active and reactive power, both grid frequency and bus voltage are within allowable operation range after the HVDC power block. Case studies carried out on the 3-machine 9-bus system and the actual Qingyu HVDC system validate the effectiveness of the proposed frequency control method.
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399,641 |
Please write an abstract with title: Dynamic response in magnetic force control using a laminate composite of magnetostrictive and piezoelectric materials, and key words: Magnetic forces, Force control, Laminates, Magnetostriction, Piezoelectric materials, Magnetic flux, Magnetic materials, Magnetic devices, Magnetostrictive devices, Magnetization. Abstract: We investigate the dynamic response of a magnetic force control device composed of a laminate composite of magnetostrictive/piezoelectric material. The device exploits the inverse magnetostrictive effect of a magnetostrictive material so that the variation in the magnetization of the material, and hence the magnetic force in a magnetic circuit, can be controlled with a voltage to the piezoelectric material. Here, we compare the voltage-induced frequency responses of the admittance and flux (magnetic force) between the new device and a conventional electromagnet in order to identify the factors that degrade the response of the device. A finite-element calculation of the modal shape of the composite supports the observed correlation between the vibration of the composite and the flux in the gap in dynamic response.
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399,642 |
Please write an abstract with title: MOGNET: A Mux-residual quantized Network leveraging Online-Generated weights, and key words: Multiplexing, Limiting, Circuits and systems, Memory management, Automata, Dynamic range, Hardware. Abstract: This paper presents a compact model architecture called MOGNET, compatible with a resource-limited hardware. MOGNET uses a streamlined Convolutional factorization block based on a combination of 2 point-wise (1×1) convolutions with a group-wise convolution in-between. To further limit the overall model size and reduce the on-chip required memory, the second point-wise convolution's parameters are on-line generated by a Cellular Automaton structure. In addition, MOGNET enables the use of low-precision weights and activations, by taking advantage of a Multiplexer mechanism with a proper Bitshift rescaling for integrating residual paths without increasing the hardware- related complexity. To efficiently train this model we also introduce a novel weight ternarization method favoring the balance between quantized levels. Experimental results show that given tiny memory budget (sub-2Mb), MOGNET can achieve higher accuracy with a clear gap up to 1% at a similar or even lower model size compared to recent state-of-the-art methods.
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Please write an abstract with title: Effective Voltage Control of Liquid Crystal Lens for Rapid Focal Length Change, and key words: Industrial electronics, Reinforcement learning, Feedforward neural networks, Feedback control, Control theory, Time factors, Feeds. Abstract: A liquid crystal (LC) lens can make any lens state from positive (convex) to negative (concave) by applying an external voltage. However, when the LC lens changes its focal length, it is difficult to say its response time is fast enough. In this paper, the authors aim at making the response time of the LC lens be shorter by using a control theory to a value of the external voltage applied to the LC lens. We constructed an automatic control system which can change the focal length faster by a computer program. The computer program gives appropriate effective values of AC voltages with the LC lens based on a feed forward control. We conducted experiments to change the focal length of the LC lens from a non-lens state to 200mm and -100mm, respectively. When our proposed effective voltage control method was performed, the response time was successfully reduced in half, compared to a case when a simple step-like voltage was applied.
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Please write an abstract with title: A Frontend using Traditional EDA Tools for the Pulsar QDI Design Flow, and key words: Wires, Tools, Logic gates, Libraries, Integrated circuit modeling, Timing, Rails. Abstract: Asynchronous quasi-delay-insensitive circuits are known for their robustness against variations, but their widespread use has been prey to the absence of adequate design methods and lack of design and verification tools. The recently proposed Pulsar flow enables the design and optimisation of quasi-delay-insensitive circuits using conventional EDA tools, enhanced by adequate libraries, methods and models. Pulsar enables designers to naturally trade performance for power or area, whenever there is slack in timing budgets. However, Pulsar lacked an automated dual-rail expansion method to support its operation, requiring that designers manually develop a timing model as input to the computation of asynchronous cycle time constraints. This paper proposes and describes the features of a frontend for Pulsar. Pulsar-F, the new flow version can be used as a push-button design tool for asynchronous QDI circuits. Pulsar-F adds the following features to Pulsar: (i) an RTL-based design capture method; (ii) a heuristic, timing-driven singlerail pre-synthesis process using commercial EDA tools; (iii) a dual-rail expansion technique with fine-grain acknowledgement network generation; (iv) a tool that automates the computation of the Hal-Buffer Channel Network (HBCN) graph-based timing model for pre-synthesised circuits and derives a set of timing constraints for it. Experiments show that Pulsar-F improves Pulsar to further aid asynchronous designers to trade off power, area and performance.
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Please write an abstract with title: Quantifying Societal Bias Amplification in Image Captioning, and key words: Measurement, Computer vision, Equalizers, Computational modeling, Focusing, Predictive models, Skin. Abstract: We study societal bias amplification in image captioning. Image captioning models have been shown to perpetuate gender and racial biases, however, metrics to measure, quantify, and evaluate the societal bias in captions are not yet standardized. We provide a comprehensive study on the strengths and limitations of each metric, and propose LIC, a metric to study captioning bias amplification. We argue that, for image captioning, it is not enough to focus on the correct prediction of the protected attribute, and the whole context should be taken into account. We conduct extensive evaluation on traditional and state-of-the-art image captioning models, and surprisingly find that, by only focusing on the protected attribute prediction, bias mitigation models are unexpectedly amplifying bias.
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Please write an abstract with title: Quantifying Uncertainties in the Partitioned Swell Heights Observed From CFOSAT SWIM and Sentinel-1 SAR via Triple Collocation, and key words: Synthetic aperture radar, Oceans, Spaceborne radar, Satellites, Uncertainty, Oceanography, Sea measurements. Abstract: Nowadays, Sentinel-1 (S-1) synthetic aperture radars (SARs) operating in wave mode and the real aperture radar (RAR) called Surface Waves Investigation and Monitoring (SWIM) onboard the China-France Oceanography SATellite (CFOSAT) are the only two kinds of spaceborne radars providing directional ocean wave information globally. To quantify the absolute uncertainties in the swell wave heights of a specific wave system (Hss) observed from these two spaceborne sensors, a triple colocation error model is exploited via WaveWatch III (WW3) wave model hindcasts for the first time. After implementing spatiotemporal collocation, cross-assigning swell partitions, and rejecting suspicious data, a database of the optimal-matched Hss triplets (S-1, SWIM, and WW3) is determined over a one-year period (June 2020–June 2021). Qualitatively, traditional dual intercomparisons indicate the inconsistency between the Hss from both SAR and RAR radars in terms of systematic biases. Furthermore, the triple collocated error analysis quantitatively reveals that, at a global scale, SWIM onboard CFOSAT has the least uncertainty in Hss [~0.2-m root mean square error (RMSE) and ~11% scatter index (SI)] compared with S-1 SAR (0.35–0.50-m RMSE and 17%–26% SI depending on incidence modes) and WW3, under the assumption that the random errors of the three data sources are independent, indicating that the newly launched SWIM instrument is an invaluable resource of directional wave information for the scientific community. The results are discussed with respect to regional error characteristics along with a feasible explanation of error sources. The findings could be helpful for better understanding and synergistically exploiting the Hss datasets from these two spaceborne radars.
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Please write an abstract with title: Temporal Data Analytics on COVID-19 Data with Ubiquitous Computing, and key words: COVID-19, Visual analytics, Medical services, Big Data, Data science, Ubiquitous computing, Data mining. Abstract: With technological advancements in computing and communications, huge amounts of big data are generated and collected at a very rapid rate from a wide variety of rich data sources. Embedded in these big data are useful information and valuable knowledge. An example is healthcare and epidemiological data such as data related to patients who suffered from viral diseases like the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Knowledge discovered from these epidemiological data via data science helps researchers, epidemiologists and policy makers to get a better understanding of the disease, which may inspire them to come up ways to detect, control and combat the disease. In this paper, we present a temporal data science algorithm for analyzing big COVID-19 epidemiological data, with focus on the temporal data analytics with ubiquitous computing. The algorithm helps users to get a better understanding of information about the confirmed cases of COVID-19. Evaluation results show the benefits of our system in temporal data analytics of big COVID-19 data with ubiquitous computing. Although the algorithm is designed for temporal data analytics of big epidemiological data, it would be applicable to other temporal data analytics of big data in many real-life applications and services.
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Please write an abstract with title: Institutional listings, and key words: Antennas and propagation, Broadband antennas, Antenna measurements, Aerospace engineering, Antenna arrays, Phased arrays, Communication system software, Electromagnetic measurements, Antennas and Propagation Society, High temperature superconductors. Abstract: Lists the institutions that support this publication.
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399,649 |
Please write an abstract with title: Reinforcement Learning for Physics-Based Competitive Games, and key words: Games, Sports, Machine learning, Training, Rockets, Two dimensional displays, Reinforcement learning. Abstract: Physics-based games are vast in terms of possible state spaces. There are many strategies that can be implemented in competitive games such as playing passively and waiting for the opponent to make a mistake, playing aggressively to force mistakes from the opponent, or even using environmental objects to an agent's advantage. The vastness of possibilities makes it difficult for a programmer to account for all these situations and create a rule-based intelligent and believable hard-coded AI agent. This project seeks to take advantage of reinforcement learning to create agents that can adapt to dynamically changing physics-based environments such as the example of competitive vehicular soccer games. It seeks to produce believable agents that perform intrinsic behaviors such as defending their goal and attacking the ball using reward functions. Through trial-and-error, the reward function is modified to progressively form behavioral patterns that improve in performance. The performance tests prove that a reward function that considers different state space parameters can produce better performing agents compared to ones with a less defined reward function and state space. Moreover, the final agent trained through the experiments has proved to be believable and hard to distinguish from a human player.
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Please write an abstract with title: Intelligent Maritime Networking With Edge Services and Computing Capability, and key words: Manganese, Vehicular ad hoc networks, Marine vehicles, Road transportation, Computational modeling, Edge computing. Abstract: Maritime networks (MNs) typically cover tens to hundreds of kilometers, which can perform global oceanic observations via the support of maritime low-latency applications. However, current research on MNs with 5G related robust network optimization technologies, has not been progressed in line with the rapid development of terrestrial communication networks. To explore the oceanic informatics resources in the 5G or upcoming 6G eras, this work provides a method for intelligent maritime networking by conducting analysis, and investigation on maritime communication scenarios, probabilistic ship density, and MN connectivity. The edge-based MN services, and the edge computation capability based on a cognitive big data platform are thoroughly analyzed. The developed theory is extensively simulated, the real-world-trace based results further confirm the validity of the proposed method.
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Please write an abstract with title: SVM<sup>2</sup>PC with Dead-Time Compensation for Grid-Tied Inverters, and key words: Industrial electronics, Uncertainty, Switches, Aerospace electronics, Predictive models, Prediction algorithms, Inverters. Abstract: This paper investigates the impact of the dead-time compensation on fixed frequency space vector modulated model predictive control for grid-tied inverters. Since grid-tied inverters with LCL filters may have inverter-side currents with large high-frequency current ripple, multiple zero crossings should be properly considered for dead-time compensation. Therefore, this paper proposes a method to predict the current at the switching instants within the sampling period. It is demonstrated that there is a significant improvement in terms of low-frequency harmonics and tracking error of the grid-side currents with the proposed method. In addition, the constraints imposed by the dead-time compensation are included in the optimization problem of the Space Vector Modulated Model Predictive Control algorithm. Finally, Hardware-in-the-loop results are presented to demonstrate the good performance of the proposed dead-time compensation technique.
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Please write an abstract with title: Memristor-Based Circuit Demonstration of Gated Recurrent Unit for Predictable Neural Network, and key words: Logic gates, Integrated circuit modeling, Memristors, Voltage, Computer architecture, Iterative methods, Hardware. Abstract: Analysis of time-series data can be used to recognize long-term trends and make correct forecasts. Compared with artificial neural network (ANN), gated recurrent unit (GRU) can process time-series signals and has a wide range of applications in natural language processing, speech recognition, machine translation, and so on. However, GRU models suffer from bottlenecks in hardware implementation due to the large number of parameters and circuit complexity. Here, we build a memristor-based GRU unit with full circuit function yet fewer input–output parameters. Inclusion of the as-designed GRU unit into predictable neural network allows the recognition and prediction of handwritten characters with the accuracies of 93% and 92%, respectively. The implementation of GRU network with memristor circuit extends its capability in machine learning and artificial intelligence.
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Please write an abstract with title: Manual, Internet and Bluetooth all-in-one Smart Home (MIB-AIO), and key words: Wireless communication, Bluetooth, Power demand, Microcontrollers, Smart homes, Manuals, Control systems. Abstract: In this paper a cost effective, user convenient, wireless (with and without internet) at the same time, manually controlled smart home automation system which can control up to 30 electrical appliances is presented. We propose an idea of a household consisting of a communication network that connects various electrical appliances and facilitates these appliances to be remotely controlled, monitored and accessed using a smartphone application. The proposed system consists of ESP32 microcontroller development board with hybrid (Internet as well as Bluetooth) connectivity for controlling electrical appliances and sensors, by the authorized user remotely using a smartphone application. This will help users to monitor power consumption and parallelly provide full control of all the electronic devices on the smartphone application which can also be controlled with the user's "voice". This paper additionally gives the details of hardware and software architecture, methodologies and algorithms used, scope and future work. The proposed prototype of MIB-AIO which currently enables control over 4 electrical appliances was tested and deployed, and it yielded precise and predicted results.
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Please write an abstract with title: RF Front-End Receiver for Vehicular Satellite Communications and LNA GaAs FET Design in Ku-Band, and key words: Receivers, Radio frequency, Gain, Transceivers, Mixers, Synthesizers, Downlink. Abstract: This work presents both a systemic analysis and measurements of a heterodyne radiofrequency front-end receiver for satellite communications in Ku-Band alongside with the design and characterization of its single stage Low Noise Amplifier (LNA).
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399,655 |
Please write an abstract with title: C57.105-2019 - IEEE Guide for Application of Transformer Connections in Three-Phase Electrical Systems - Redline, and key words: IEEE Standards, Batteries, Electrolytes, Power transformers, Maintenance engineering, Electronics equipment. Abstract: Descriptions of products, methods, and procedures relating to stationary batteries, battery electrolyte spill mechanisms, electrolyte containment and control methodologies, and firefighting considerations are provided.
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399,656 |
Please write an abstract with title: Analog/Mixed-Signal Circuit Testing Technologies in IoT Era, and key words: Testing, Conferences, Timing, Linearity, Frequency measurement, Clocks, Operational amplifiers. Abstract: This paper introduces our production testing research results for analog and mixed-signal SoC in IoT era, such as operational amplifier, ADC, sampling circuit, timing related testing technologies. Notice that production testing and measurement / characterization for ICs are similar but different, and this paper introduces the former. The analog / mixed-signal testing plays a very important role in achieving both reliability and low cost for IoT and automotive systems. It also is a big technological challenge because there is no general method, but it requires state-of-the-art combination and optimization of a wide variety of technologies including circuit and system design as well as signal processing, control and measurement algorithms. Their overview including future technology challenges is described.
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399,657 |
Please write an abstract with title: The estimation of cloud-to-ground lightning discharges from satellite data, and key words: Lightning, Satellites, Optical sensors, Optical detectors, Character generation, Fault location, Instruments, Extraterrestrial measurements, Optical distortion, Density measurement. Abstract: We review the data from observations of lightning obtained by the Microlab-1 satellite for summer season between 1995 to 1999. The Microlab-1 satellite equiped optical imaging sensor - Optical Transient Detector (OTD). The areas of investigations were southern Germany and Tomsk region (Russia). We compare the OTD data with Lightning Position And Tracking System (LPATS) reported cloud-to-ground strokes for southern Germany. We found the empirical relation between OTD data and LPATS data for flat parts in southern Germany and calculated the estimated cloud-to-ground strokes for Tomsk region.
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Please write an abstract with title: Rendez-Vous Based Drift Diagnosis Algorithm for Sensor Networks Toward In Situ Calibration, and key words: Instruments, Calibration, Pollution measurement, Atmospheric measurements, Fault diagnosis, Costs, Clustering algorithms. Abstract: In recent years, low-cost sensors have raised strong interest for environmental monitoring applications. These instruments often suffer from degraded data quality. Notably, they are prone to drift. It can be mitigated with costly periodic calibrations. To reduce this cost, in situ calibration strategies have emerged, enabling the recalibration of instruments while leaving them in the field. However, they rarely identify which instruments actually need a calibration because of drift, so that in situ calibration may instead degrade performances. Therefore, a novel drift detection algorithm is presented in this work, exploiting the concept of rendez-vous between measuring instruments. Its originality lies mainly in the comparisons of values determining the state of the instruments, for which the quality of the measurement results is taken into account. It defines the concept of compatibility between measurement results. A case study is developed, showing an accuracy of 88% for correct detection of drifting instruments. The results of the diagnosis algorithm are then combined with calibration approaches. Results show a significant improvement of the measurement results. Notably, an increase of 15% of the coefficient of determination of the linear regression between their true values and the measured values is observed with the correction and the error on the slope and on the intercept respectively is reduced by 50% and 60% at least. Note to Practitioners—In this paper, we investigate the problem of drift detection in sensor networks. This work was motivated by the fact that faulty nodes are rarely detected in existing in situ calibration algorithm prior to the correction of the instruments. Moreover, existing fault diagnosis algorithms for sensor networks do not specifically target drift and are often applicable to either (dense) static or mobile sensor networks but not both. We propose an algorithm designed for the detection of drift faults regardless of the type of sensor network and of the measurand. Specific attention is paid to the metrological quality of the measurement results used to carry out the diagnosis. The output of the algorithm provides information that can be exploited for the recalibration of faulty instruments. In future work, we will aim at providing tools and recommendations for the adjusment of the parameters of the diagnosis algorithm but also more elaborated approaches based on the results of our diagnosis algorithm to calibrate faulty nodes.
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399,659 |
Please write an abstract with title: Yet another log-in authentication using n-dimensional construction based on circle property, and key words: Authentication, Smart cards, Information security, Robustness, National security, Law, Legal factors, Councils, Information management. Abstract: We take advantage of the circle property in n-dimensional space to construct a secure user log-in authentication in a remote network system. Due to the fact that past schemes are based on the straight-line geometric property, it is easy to find their possible points of attack and therefore their proclaimed secure system is easily cracked. We therefore propose yet another sophisticated authentication system to reinforce the robustness in secure demands.
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399,660 |
Please write an abstract with title: Separation of adjacent frequency components in generalized harmonic analysis (GHA), and key words: Frequency, Harmonic analysis, Signal analysis, Signal resolution, Algorithm design and analysis, Signal processing, Fourier transforms, Presses, Extrapolation, Performance analysis. Abstract: Generalized harmonic analysis (GHA) is applicable to any unstationary signals, thanks to the principle that it represents any signals using sinusoids in inharmonic relationship. However its fundamental characteristics are unknown yet. The authors tried to clarify the limit of its frequency resolution using two adjacent sinusoids. Consequently, it was found that the limit is determined plural factors such as analyzing window, frequency difference between two sinusoids and their respective initial phases. Rectangular window is most profitable for GHA. And the averaged minimum frequency resolution is 1.11 times larger than the fundamental analyzing frequency given as the reciprocal of window length.
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Please write an abstract with title: Fiber-optic temperature sensor using evanescent fields in D fibers, and key words: Optical fiber sensors, Temperature sensors, Optical fiber polarization, Optical surface waves, Insertion loss, Optical attenuators, Optical sensors, Etching, Optical waveguides, Planar waveguides. Abstract: A fiber-optic temperature sensor using evanescent fields in D fibers is presented. It works on the basis of optical attenuation brought about by coating the flat surface of the fiber with an external medium with a large thermooptic coefficient.
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399,662 |
Please write an abstract with title: A Visual-SLAM based Line Laser Scanning System using Semantically Segmented Images, and key words: Lasers, Simultaneous localization and mapping, Three-dimensional displays, Image segmentation, Image color analysis, Image reconstruction, Feature extraction. Abstract: Integration of the line laser scanning system with visual SLAM for 3D mapping is conceptually attractive yet facing the difficulty with processing projected line laser, which is not only hard to be extracted from images captured under natural light, but also disrupts the feature tracking procedure in visual SLAM. This paper proposes a method of segmenting the target object and extracting the laser line to build an accurate and realistic 3D model by using a semantic segmentation method. First, we introduce adaptive thresholds for the recognized objects to solve the laser extraction problem. Second, we discard the extracted image features in the laser area for better pose estimation of visual SLAM. Finally, we complement the surface of lasers with the color information in the related objects of 3D mapping. In our experiments, we show that the proposed method can produce a dense colored 3D mapping and has higher performance than the traditional visual SLAM based laser scanning system.
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Please write an abstract with title: Omega Multistage Interconnection Network with High-speed Forwarding Technique Handling a Double-pattern Load, and key words: Regulators, Multiprocessor interconnection, Switches, Quality of service, Routing, Information technology, Load modeling. Abstract: In this study, an Omega-type MIN, which includes a novel regulated switchbox (SRB), is used as a testbed. The ultimate objective of choosing this setup is to be able to handle two-class load patterns (uniform and periodic hotspot traffic) more easily. The addition of periodic hotspot traffic to uniform-type traffic causes internal ‘tree saturation’, which can significantly increase the packet latency and even cause congestion. Moreover, results of simulation experiments demonstrate that this concept is a flexible and effective solution that provides a better quality of service to the overall network.
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399,664 |
Please write an abstract with title: Federated Traffic Synthesizing and Classification Using Generative Adversarial Networks, and key words: Training, Computational modeling, Conferences, Data protection, Generative adversarial networks, Data models, Numerical models. Abstract: With the fast growing demand on new services and applications as well as the increasing awareness of data protection, traditional centralized traffic classification approaches are facing unprecedented challenges. This paper introduces a novel framework, Federated Generative Adversarial Networks and Automatic Classification (FGAN-AC), which integrates decentralized data synthesizing with traffic classification. FGAN-AC is able to synthesize and classify multiple types of service data traffic from decentralized local datasets without requiring a large volume of manually labeled dataset or causing any data leakage. Two types of data synthesizing approaches have been proposed and compared: computation-efficient FGAN (FGAN-I) and communication-efficient FGAN (FGAN-II). The former only implements a single CNN model for processing each local dataset and the later only requires coordination of intermediate model training parameters. An automatic data classification and model updating framework has been proposed to automatically identify unknown traffic from the synthesized data samples and create new pseudo-labels for model training. Numerical results show that our proposed framework has the ability to synthesize highly mixed service data traffic and can significantly improve the traffic classification performance compared to existing solutions.
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399,665 |
Please write an abstract with title: Synchronization Mechanism for Collision and Against Collision in Densely Deployed Wireless LANs, and key words: Wireless LAN, Throughput, Synchronization, History, IEEE 802.11g Standard, Electromagnetic interference. Abstract: We here propose a novel MAC instead of DCF, SMTC/CI (Semi-synchronous Multiple Transmission Control / Collision Inference), which achieves high fairness and throughputs by inducing effective parallel transmissions with frame capture effect. The radio interference could disturb high-quality communications with fairness, because of the spreading of mobile wireless LANs such as mobile router and tethering nodes. Hence, we need an innovative MAC considering interference among wireless LANs. Frame capture effect is the key factor in order to improve quality of communications in dense wireless LANs. SMTC/CI consults history of frame transmissions in order to infer the effective collisions due to frame capture effect, then maintain superior synchronous transmissions. As a result of our simulation, throughput is improved up to 112% compared with conventional MAC.
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399,666 |
Please write an abstract with title: Scalable Simulation and Demonstration of Jumping Piezoelectric 2-D Soft Robots, and key words: Robot motion, Actuators, Analytical models, Shape, Dynamics, Soft robotics, Predictive models. Abstract: Soft robots have drawn great interest due to their ability to take on a rich range of shapes and motions, compared to traditional rigid robots. However, the motions, and underlying statics and dynamics, pose significant challenges to forming well-generalized and robust models necessary for robot design and control. In this work, we demonstrate a five-actuator soft robot capable of complex motions and develop a scalable simulation framework that reliably predicts robot motions. The simulation framework is validated by comparing its predictions to experimental results, based on a robot constructed from piezoelectric layers bonded to a steel-foil substrate. The simulation framework exploits the physics engine PyBullet, and employs discrete rigid-link elements connected by motors to model the actuators. We perform static and AC analyses to validate a single-unit actuator cantilever setup and observe close agreement between simulation and experiments for both the cases. The analyses are extended to the five-actuator robot, where simulations accurately predict the static and AC robot motions, including shapes for applied DC voltage inputs, nearly-static “inchworm” motion, and jumping (in vertical as well as vertical and horizontal directions). These motions exhibit complex non-linear behavior, with forward robot motion reaching ̴1 cm/s. Our open-source code can be found at: https://github.com/zhiwuz/sfers.
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399,667 |
Please write an abstract with title: Stochastic Concept for Modeling Distributed Energy Resources in Power Systems, and key words: Low voltage, Monte Carlo methods, Urban areas, Power quality, Stochastic processes, Probability, Probabilistic logic. Abstract: Distributed energy resources have become a stable and rapidly growing part of power systems. DER character and properties depend significantly on the type used technology and application. Their common feature is the probabilistic nature of their behavior and parameters. Penetration of DER into classical power systems raises the question of power quality and operational safety. This paper presents a general method to implement any DER into a custom power system and calculate the probabilities of possible impacts. The proposed method is based on the combination of deterministic, probabilistic, unknown parameters and information about investigating power system and future scenarios of DER penetration. The Paper also presents a case scenario where penetration of PV system into low voltage network is investigated. The last part shows the complex result of probabilistic power flow calculations. Presented methods have been used for practical applications to determine hosting capacity for PV systems in rural and urban areas of the Slovak republic.
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399,668 |
Please write an abstract with title: Improvement of the FMCW laser range-finder by an APD working as an optoelectronic mixer, and key words: Voltage-controlled oscillators, Capacitance, Frequency modulation, Bandwidth, Frequency measurement, Avalanche photodiodes, Signal generators, Signal to noise ratio, Distance measurement, Wideband. Abstract: A laser range-finder has been designed for distances from 1 to 20 m with diffusing targets. The measurement principle using a frequency modulation continuous wave technique is first described. Improvement for short distance measurements is then proposed with a new set-up using a delay line and an avalanche photodiode working as an optoelectronic mixer used to obtain a wide-band and a low-noise photoreception.
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399,669 |
Please write an abstract with title: The First ESA Remote Sensing Satellite (ERS)--The Programme and the System, and key words: Remote sensing, Satellites, Remote monitoring, Oceans, Sea measurements, Synthetic aperture radar, Radar measurements, Spaceborne radar, Microwave measurements, Extraterrestrial measurements. Abstract: The European Space Agency is preparing the development of the first ESA Remote Sensing Satellite (ERS) System. This first mission is oriented towards ice and ocean monitoring and the main mission objectives are of both scientific and economic nature: (i) to increase the scientific understanding of coastal zones and ocean processes; and (ii) to develop and promote economic applications related to a better knowledge of ocean parameters and sea state conditions. The payload of ERS-1 is composed of : (i) an Active Microwave Instrumentation (AMI) combining the functions of a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), a Wave Scatterometer and a Wind Scatterometer, primarily for the measurement of wind fields and wave spectra and for all-weather imaging; (ii) a Radar Altimeter (RA), primarily for the measurement of significant wave heights; and (iii) an Ocean Colour Monitor (OCM), primarily for the measurement of sea surface temperature and ocean colour. The above payload will be assembled with an existing platform which is being developed in the framework of the French Remote Sensing Programme and will be launched by ARIANE 2 (or 3) in 1987 on a sun- synchronous orbit at 675 km.
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399,670 |
Please write an abstract with title: A novel distributed control architecture for shared protection, and key words: Distributed control, Protection, Resource management, Routing protocols, Costs, Scalability, Information management, Computer architecture, Informatics, Information science. Abstract: The paper proposes a novel distributed control architecture for shared protection with reduced complete routing information, which aims to initiate a graceful compromise between the amount of link-state dissemination and the performance impairment due to the incompleteness of routing information. We first give explicit and comprehensive descriptions on a number of reported routing information dissemination scenarios for shared protection. A novel framework of link-state dissemination for facilitating shared protection, called reduced complete routing scenario, is introduced, in which the singular value decomposition (SVD) transformation is adopted to deal with the information reduction. We show, through simulation, that the proposed scheme can achieve a higher throughput and a better estimation in reconstruction of the spare provision matrix than the other schemes taking the same complexity of link-state dissemination.
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399,671 |
Please write an abstract with title: Sparse to Dense Dynamic 3D Facial Expression Generation, and key words: Training, Deformable models, Surface reconstruction, Computer vision, Three-dimensional displays, Face recognition, Dynamics. Abstract: In this paper, we propose a solution to the task of generating dynamic 3D facial expressions from a neutral 3D face and an expression label. This involves solving two sub-problems: (i) modeling the temporal dynamics of expressions, and (ii) deforming the neutral mesh to obtain the expressive counterpart. We represent the temporal evolution of expressions using the motion of a sparse set of 3D landmarks that we learn to generate by training a manifold-valued GAN (Motion3DGAN). To better encode the expression-induced deformation and disentangle it from the identity information, the generated motion is represented as per-frame displacement from a neutral configuration. To generate the expressive meshes, we train a Sparse2Dense mesh Decoder (S2D-Dec) that maps the landmark displacements to a dense, per-vertex displacement. This allows us to learn how the motion of a sparse set of landmarks influences the deformation of the overall face surface, independently from the identity. Experimental results on the CoMA and D3DFACS datasets show that our solution brings significant improvements with respect to previous solutions in terms of both dynamic expression generation and mesh reconstruction, while retaining good generalization to unseen data. Code and models are available at https://github.com/CRISTAL-3DSAM/Sparse2Dense.
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399,672 |
Please write an abstract with title: Waveform Design for Power-Domain Asynchronous NOMA, and key words: NOMA, Vehicular and wireless technologies, Time-frequency analysis, Code division multiplexing, Interference cancellation, OFDM, Symbols. Abstract: Power-domain asynchronous non-orthogonal multiple access (ANOMA) is a novel radio access technique with non-orthogonal resource allocation that enables asynchronous transmissions and has an enhanced spectrum efficiency compared to orthogonal multiple access. In this work, an iterative receiver is derived for linearly modulated waveforms. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), single-carrier (SC) and orthogonal chirp division multiplexing (OCDM) are investigated. The receiver is based on triangular successive interference cancellation (T-SIC) in combination with a minimum mean square error parallel interference cancellation (MMSE-PIC) detector. It is advantageous to utilize a waveform which spreads the data symbols in the frequency domain as OCDM or SC in order to exploit the multipath diversity in frequency-selective channels. However, it is numerically shown that OCDM performs the best due to its additional time-spreading property, which is desirable for the time-dependent interference that occurs in an ANOMA system. Furthermore, for the considered scenario of two users and four blocks, we show that all the studied waveforms achieve the best performance in terms of block error rate with the derived receiver when the blocks overlap halfway.
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399,673 |
Please write an abstract with title: Power Standing Wave Ratio as a Local Grid Magnifier for Close Observation of Impedance Trajectories, and key words: Impedance, Reflectivity, Radio frequency, Geometry, Trajectory, Microwave theory and techniques, Microwave communication. Abstract: This paper presents a unique mathematical approach to impedance mapping on a complex plane. Assuming a passive load excited from an RF power source, we express the complex reflectance with respect to the standing wave ratio that involves the phase angle. Then the ratio is heuristically raised to a power, which enables us to magnify the local grid of the impedance. By pure formulation, we explore the trajectories that will appear on the plane from this local magnification. The results are visualized in seven persuasive illustrations to open up a fresh perspectives for the plane geometry from the RF engineering field.
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399,674 |
Please write an abstract with title: Turbomachinery Mechanical Oscillations Analysis and Active Compensation Design by EESS in Thermal Power Plant, and key words: Mechatronics, Power system stability, Turbomachinery, Harmonic analysis, Synchronous generators, Stability analysis, Thermal analysis. Abstract: There are analyzed a turbomachinery mechanical oscillations which are excited in the synchronous generator caused by electrical transients in the electrical grid. The higher voltage harmonics and interharmonics affecting the mechanical stability are identified and discussed. Then, there is presented a methodology using Fourier harmonic analysis of the generator voltage to identify potentially harmful frequencies of the voltage. Moreover, there is presented design of active protection system using Electronic Energy Storage System (EESS) which is a specifically designed Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) extended by superior control unit handling mathematical model of turbomachinery and control algorithms commanding directly the power converter. The EESS is connected to the point of common coupling (PCC) with the synchronous generator. The protection system generates electric currents based on the designed methodology to compensate identified harmful voltage frequencies. The state of the art of the project and the future development is summarized in the conclusion.
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399,675 |
Please write an abstract with title: MIRAS end-to-end calibration: application to SMOS L1 processor, and key words: Calibration, Microwave radiometry, Brightness temperature, Sea measurements, Soil measurements, Earth, Ocean temperature, Error correction, Image reconstruction, Switches. Abstract: End-to-end calibration of the Microwave Imaging Radiometer by Aperture Synthesis (MIRAS) radiometer refers to processing the measured raw data up to dual-polarization brightness temperature maps over the earth's surface, which is the level 1 product of the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission. The process starts with a self-correction of comparators offset and quadrature error and is followed by the calibration procedure itself. This one is based on periodically injecting correlated and uncorrelated noise to all receivers in order to measure their relevant parameters, which are then used to correct the raw data. This can deal with most of the errors associated with the receivers but does not correct for antenna errors, which must be included in the image reconstruction algorithm. Relative S-parameters of the noise injection network and of the input switch are needed as additional data, whereas the whole process is independent of the exact value of the noise source power and of the distribution network physical temperature. On the other hand, the approach relies on having at least one very well-calibrated reference receiver, which is implemented as a noise injection radiometer. The result is the calibrated visibility function, which is inverted by the image reconstruction algorithm to get the brightness temperature as a function of the director cosines at the antenna reference plane. The final step is a coordinate rotation to obtain the horizontal and vertical brightness temperature maps over the earth. The procedures presented are validated using a complete SMOS simulator previously developed by the authors.
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399,676 |
Please write an abstract with title: Error minimization for approximate computation of range aggregates, and key words: Aggregates, Histograms, Database systems, Query processing, Sampling methods, Computer errors, Computer science, Data engineering, Australia, Frequency. Abstract: Histogram techniques are widely used in commercial database management systems for an estimation of query results. Recently, they have been also used in approximately, processing database queries, especially aggregation queries. Existing research results in this area have been mainly focused on constructing a histogram to approximately represent, as accurate as possible on an intuitive base, the original data frequencies. We propose a novel histogram construction method aiming to minimize the average approximate aggregation errors; and we have developed an efficient algorithm to construct near optimal histograms to achieve this goal. Our experiment results showed that the new histogram construction techniques lead to more accurate results than those by existing histogram techniques, and also out-perform the existing wavelet techniques.
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399,677 |
Please write an abstract with title: Influence of high dv/dt switching on a motor drive system: a practical solution to EMI issues, and key words: Induction motor drives, Pulse width modulated inverters, DC-AC power conversion, Pulse width modulated power converters, Electromagnetic interference, Passive filters. Abstract: This paper deals with electromagnetic interference (EMI) issues inherent in adjustable-speed motor drive systems. The EMI issues mainly stem from a step-like change in the common-mode voltage appearing at the output terminals of a voltage-source pulse-width-modulation (PWM) inverter. This paper describes a small-sized passive EMI filter as a practical solution to the EMI issues, along with its operating principles and performance.
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399,678 |
Please write an abstract with title: A deployable cross LPD array on a conducting cone, and key words: Frequency, Missiles, Dipole antennas, Space technology, Testing, Laboratories, Costs, Fabrication, Spirals, Antenna arrays. Abstract: A deployable cross log periodic dipole (LPD) array on a conducting cone has been designed and tested at M.I.T. Lincoln Laboratory as part of the RSP (Reentry Systems Program) flight program. This paper presents a brief mechanical description and an electrical performance of this LPD array. The electrical property of the antenna was fouud to be quite good within the frequency band designed. The ground test has indicated that the structure is able to deploy under a Nike-Hydac launch environment. The antenna has demonstrated a potential application to a space or missile body which may require a frequency-independent antenna in VHF-UHF band.
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399,679 |
Please write an abstract with title: Adaptive difference of Gaussians to improve subsurface imagery, and key words: Gaussian processes, Landmine detection, Laplace equations, Scattering, Ground penetrating radar, Reflection, Gaussian approximation, Convolution. Abstract: In detection of landmines using ground penetrating radar (GPR), the most significant interference is the specular reflection. Compared with the specular reflection, landmine scattered signals are of small amplitude and difficult to observe. Better detection results can be obtained if the specular reflection can be well separated from the landmine scattered signals. Difference of Gaussians (DOG) is an operation that generates a sharp image from an original image, i.e. in the case of a GPR image, it keeps the specular reflection intact. Therefore by subtracting the DOG output from an original GPR image, we are able to remove the specular reflection and enhance the landmine scattered signals. The DOG takes the difference between two Gaussian curves of zero means and different standard deviations and convolves with the original image. One advantage of the DOG is that the two standard deviations can be chosen properly to suit different applications. We develop an adaptive DOG (ADOG) to process GPR images to improve detection of buried landmines. In the ADOG, the two standard deviations of Gaussians are computed adaptively as a GPR image is scanned from the top to the bottom row. At each row, two windows are used to calculate the two standard deviations and the current row is convolved with the DOG. The output has an unchanged specular reflection while there is a reduced landmine scattered signal. The final image is obtained by subtracting the ADOG output from the original image to remove the specular reflection. The landmine scattered signal is greatly enhanced, allowing more accurate detection.
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399,680 |
Please write an abstract with title: Undersampling and Saturation for Impedance Spectroscopy Performance, and key words: Impedance, Impedance measurement, Voltage measurement, Bandwidth, Spectroscopy, Dynamic range, Current measurement. Abstract: The development of low-cost impedance spectroscopy devices is limited by the capabilities of low-cost hardware. Impedance spectroscopy requires high accuracy over a large bandwidth and dynamic range for most applications. In this paper, back-end signal processing solutions are examined and implemented to improve both the bandwidth and dynamic range of a typical low-cost impedance analyser without modifying the hardware. The bandwidth is improved by undersampling the input waveforms and reconstructing the signals based on the known frequency information. The bandwidth can be increased by multiple orders of magnitude and the limiting factor of the system becomes amplifier bandwidth and the Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) sample-and-hold circuit. Despite allowing signals to become orders of magnitude larger than the ADC range, the original signal can be reconstructed based on the measured saturated signal. This saturation technique more than doubles the dynamic range for any given accuracy requirement.
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Please write an abstract with title: TM and TE scattering by a dielectric/ferrite cylinder in the presence of a half-plane, and key words: Tellurium, Scattering, Ferrites, Magnetic materials, Integral equations, Conducting materials, Dielectric materials, Moment methods, Green's function methods, Polarization. Abstract: An integral equation solution to the problem of transverse magnetic (TM) or transverse electric (TE) scattering by an isotropic dielectric/ferrite material cylinder in the presence of a perfectly conducting half-plane is presented. The technique is termed a method of moments (MM)/Green's function solution since the method of moments is used to determine the electric and magnetic polarization currents representing the material cylinder, while the presence of the half-plane is accounted for by including the half-plane Green's function in the kernel of the integral equations. Numerical results are presented for the echo width, material cylinder interior fields, and the surface impedance of a material slab on the surface of a half-plane.
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399,682 |
Please write an abstract with title: Partial Feedback Linearizing Backstepping Excitation Controller for a Synchronous Generator in a Simple Power System to Improve the Transient Stability, and key words: Analytical models, Backstepping, Sensitivity, Simulation, Power system dynamics, Power system stability, Stability analysis. Abstract: This paper designs a new excitation controller for the synchronous generator in a simple power network by combining the concept of the partial feedback linearization and backstepping control schemes. The proposed partial feedback linearizing backstepping excitation controller is designed to enhance the transient stability under major disturbances. The seventh-order dynamical model of the synchronous generator in a simple power system in the form of a single machine infinite bus is considered to design the proposed controller. Here, the partial feedback linearization scheme is employed to linearize the seventh-order model into a third-order partial feedback linearized system that does not rely on operating conditions. At the same time, the dynamic properties those are not transformed during the feedback linearization process are analyzed in order to make sure that these do not affect the overall stability. Finally, the backstepping scheme is applied to determine the excitation control input by guaranteeing the convergence of the transformed states for partial feedback linearized system. Simulation studies with three line-to-ground faults at different locations, are conducted to analyze the transient stability and results are compared with an excitation controller that uses only the partial feedback linearization method.
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399,683 |
Please write an abstract with title: KRDOH: Kurdish Offline Handwritten Text Database, and key words: Databases, Text analysis, Writing, Handwriting recognition, Conferences, Education, Process control. Abstract: For the Kurdish hand-written studies on text recognition, a comprehensive Kurdish text database is an important resource. Since the Kurdish typewritten script has no such database. Therefore, in this article, we report the comprehensive Kurdish offline (KRDOH) databases, written up by 1076 volunteers of various ages, genders and levels of education in a total of 4304 manuscripts compromising of 4 pages were contributed by each writer in the database. The segments of this dataset have been eradicated from Kurdish poetry. The form was scanned with a resolution of 200, 300, and 600 dpi. The manuscript characters of 4304 are comprising of 17466 lines. The database types were reformed in 70%, 15%, and 15%, respectively for instruction, inspection, and verification. This allows scientists to compare and use the database. We have also defined the handling procedures and evaluate the use of this dataset for several purposes. For research on different related handwritten issues, including text recognition, writer ID and verification, form assessment, preprocessing, segmentation, and free access to this database by researchers around the world.
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399,684 |
Please write an abstract with title: Combined Signals Based Identification Scheme for the Hammerstein-Wiener System with Process Noise, and key words: Interference, Autoregressive processes, Nonlinear dynamical systems, Heuristic algorithms, Correlation, Colored noise, Analytical models. Abstract: An identification scheme of the nonlinear Hammerstein-Wiener system with colored noise with the help of combined signals is proposed. The combined signals are used to active the Hammerstein-Wiener system, resulting in the identification process are significantly simplified. Firstly, the correlation analysis algorithm is employed to identify the output nonlinear block parameters and linear block parameters, thus the process noise can be compensated by correlation function. Furthermore, the immeasurable internal variable and the unknown noise term in identification system are replaced with the output of designed auxiliary model and estimated residual, therefore, auxiliary model based recursive extended least square identification scheme can be obtained to learn the input nonlinear block parameters and noise model parameter. Simulations results are given to demonstrate the advantage of the identification scheme.
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399,685 |
Please write an abstract with title: TWLR: A Novel Truth Inference Approach based on Worker Representations for Crowdsourcing in the Low Redundancy Situation, and key words: Crowdsourcing, Deep learning, Gold, Costs, Web services, Conferences, Redundancy. Abstract: A redundancy-based strategy is widely employed by assigning each task to multiple workers and then inferring the correct answer (called truth) for each task in crowdsourcing. Most existing truth inference methods are designed for the situation with a fairly big number of answers for each task (referred to as high redundancy). However, the high redundancy unavoidably leads to a high cost. In this work, we propose a novel truth inference approach called TWLR based on worker representations for the situation with a small number of answers for each task (referred to as low redundancy). We develop a deep model to learn the representations of workers considering both answers and worker-task relations. For each task, we identify the worker with the highest quality, and select his/her answer as the predicted answer. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to perform truth inference by utilizing deep learning techniques to deal with the low redundancy situation in crowdsourcing. We have conducted a set of experiments against 7 real-world datasets to show the accuracy improvement of our truth inference approach by comparing with 11 baseline methods.
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399,686 |
Please write an abstract with title: Peer-to-peer hardware-software interfaces for reconfigurable fabrics, and key words: Peer to peer computing, Fabrics, Computer interfaces, Application software, Hardware, Proposals, Computer science, Logic devices, Reconfigurable logic, Standardization. Abstract: In this paper we describe a peer-to-peer interface between processor cores and reconfigurable fabrics. The main advantage of the peer-to-peer model is that it greatly expands the scope of application for reconfigurable computing and hence its potential benefits. The primary extension in our model is that "code" on the reconfigurable hardware unit is allowed to invoke routines both on the reconfigurable unit itself and on the fixed logic processor We describe the software constructs and compilation mechanisms needed for such an architecture, including a detailed description of the interface between the two parts of the application.
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399,687 |
Please write an abstract with title: The micro-module program, and key words: Packaging, Shape, Solid state circuits, Semiconductor materials, Wires, Research and development, Laboratories, Resistors, Capacitors, Thin film circuits. Abstract: This paper first reviews the nature of the Micro Module Program. The basic considerations which were to serve as key attitudes and design criteria for the future are discussed. Then an up-to-date status report on program progress including components and equipments is presented. The status of typical resistors, capacitors, inductors, transistors and crystal micro-elements is presented. Future aspects of micro-modules as they relate to the new solid state multifunction devices now under development are dis cussed. Included are semiconductor solid state circuits and multi-layer thin film approaches.
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399,688 |
Please write an abstract with title: Nanophotonics: the breakthrough technology to control nanostructure by photons with near field and nonlinear optics, and key words: Nanophotonics, Optical control, Photonics, Nonlinear optics, Optical imaging, Spectroscopy, Nonlinear optical devices, Optical surface waves, Optical diffraction, Optical materials. Abstract: Summary form only given. The minimum size of the light spot generated with traditional optics is around a half micron. In this presentation, I will show how we can exceed this limitation due to the diffraction of the light with an evanescent photon, which has an imaginary momentum component to tunnel in the near field between nano-probe and nano-structure. Nonlinear response of the material to photon intensity can be also used for super-resolving imaging. I will show our experimental results from our developed near-field Raman imaging/spectroscopy, coherent anti-Stokes Raman microscopy, and two-photon photo-polymerization and photo-isomerization for fabrication, manipulation and observation of nano structures.
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399,689 |
Please write an abstract with title: Current Trajectory-Based Fault Detection and Fault Tolerant Control for Three-phase Induction Drives, and key words: Motor drives, Phase measurement, Event detection, Software packages, Fault detection, Fault tolerant systems, Low-pass filters. Abstract: In this paper, a simple and fast open-phase fault (OPF) detection and fault tolerant control method is proposed for three-phase induction machine. Instead of using integrators or low pass filter, this method utilizes the phase current magnitude and trajectory to detect open phase fault in three-phase motor drive. This significantly increases the speed of fault detection, allowing an OPF to be detected and compensated within several sampling cycles, which is advantageous for safety-critical applications. In addition, a double synchronous reference frame PI (DSRF-PI) controller method is adopted as the fault tolerant controller. Compared to previous methods that utilizes feedforward voltage compensation, the DSRF-PI does not require prior knowledge on the machine parameters and operating condition, and therefore is easier to implement. The proposed fault detection and fault tolerant control method are simulated using MATLAB Simulink simulation where the results confirms the high speed and robustness of the proposed methods.
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399,690 |
Please write an abstract with title: The Conditions for a Linear Vibration System to Have Only Pure Rotation Modes, and key words: Vibrations, Fasteners, Springs, Transmission line matrix methods, Symmetric matrices, Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions, Jacobian matrices. Abstract: This paper proposes a geometric approach to the conditions for mode decoupling of a vibration system of an elastically supported single rigid body and presents the conditions that the system has only pure rotation modes of vibration. A small oscillation of a rigid body is indeed a repetitive screw motion and thus vibration modes are expressed by screws in general, which results in the difficulty involved in solving a vibration problem. The complexity of a vibration system can be alleviated for both analysis and synthesis if the system has only rotation modes. In order to acquire the decoupling techniques, this paper begins by investigating a stiffness matrix which can be separated into the sum of two rank 3 stiffness matrices, which are realizable by using co-reciprocal line vectors. From the co-reciprocity, the separable stiffness matrix can be regarded as a linear transformation between two 3-systems of screws containing only line vectors. Using the properties of the linear transformation and the screw systems, the conditions for mode decoupling, or the conditions for only pure rotation modes are derived and described by geometric relations between inertia and stiffness, and three cases of vibration systems with simple geometric nature are identified.
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399,691 |
Please write an abstract with title: CanDID: Can-Do Decentralized Identity with Legacy Compatibility, Sybil-Resistance, and Accountability, and key words: Resistance, Privacy, Web services, Ecosystems, Security, Blacklisting. Abstract: We present CanDID, a platform for practical, user-friendly realization of decentralized identity, the idea of empowering end users with management of their own credentials.While decentralized identity promises to give users greater control over their private data, it burdens users with management of private keys, creating a significant risk of key loss. Existing and proposed approaches also presume the spontaneous availability of a credential-issuance ecosystem, creating a bootstrapping problem. They also omit essential functionality, like resistance to Sybil attacks and the ability to detect misbehaving or sanctioned users while preserving user privacy.CanDID addresses these challenges by issuing credentials in a user-friendly way that draws securely and privately on data from existing, unmodified web service providers. Such legacy compatibility similarly enables CanDID users to leverage their existing online accounts for recovery of lost keys. Using a decentralized committee of nodes, CanDID provides strong confidentiality for user’s keys, real-world identities, and data, yet prevents users from spawning multiple identities and allows identification (and blacklisting) of sanctioned users.We present the CanDID architecture and report on experiments demonstrating its practical performance.
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399,692 |
Please write an abstract with title: Maintaining Vehicle Driver’s State Using Personalized Interventions, and key words: Technological innovation, Road accidents, Reinforcement learning, Monitoring, Vehicles. Abstract: Distracted driving or driving in a tired state causes many road accidents. One of the approaches to address this problem is to use an automated solution that detects driver state and executes some actions, aimed on maintaining driver’s attention focus. Personalized intervention systems are actively developing in the field of medicine, however, in the field of transport, no similar studies have been found. This paper examines the idea of using reinforcement learning to generate personalized driver interventions. The contribution of the paper is twofold. First, it proposes a conceptual model and general reinforcement learning formulation of the problem. Second, it describes a driver simulation model that can be used to train the personalized intervention policy. Experimental study shows, that the proposed formulation allows one to train a personalized policy that can be used to effectively maintain the desired state of the vehicle driver. The implementation of such method in a driver monitoring system can be a very promising direction and help to reduce the number of road accidents for the above reasons.
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399,693 |
Please write an abstract with title: Use Case Example, and key words: Drones, Edge computing, Autonomous vehicles, Automation, Task analysis, Cyber-physical systems, Automobiles. Abstract: As new generations of vehicles, robots and other machinery become practical for use in a wide range of environments and use cases, they require support systems that ensure they are able to operate safely and with the efficiency required to make them economically viable. Infrastructure edge computing, by providing an array of physically distributed data centre facilities which can be local to the operating area of a vehicle, robot or other machinery and provide low latency network connectivity between the machine and its supporting applications when a regional or national data centre cannot, is a key component of making these cyber‐physical systems practical for many uses.This chapter will explore several of the types of cyber‐physical systems as well as key use cases for each of those types. The range of potential applications is vast, such as using autonomous drones to inspect potentially dangerous locations such as the scene of an active fire, supporting the practical operation of driverless cars or other automated transit systems, or enabling smart agriculture that makes achieving greater crop yields a reality in many places across the world to support the planet.
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399,694 |
Please write an abstract with title: A Review on Cooperative Control Problems of Multi-agent Systems, and key words: Uncertainty, Control systems, Formation control, Multi-agent systems. Abstract: Recently, the cooperative control of multi-agent systems has rapidly developed at an amazing rate and has attracted striking attention from system and control community due to its potential applications. By reviewing previous research, we summarize that the cooperative control problems of multi-agent systems include consensus, connectivity preservation, formation, containment control, flocking, coverage control and so on. Firstly, we mainly state the definitions of different cooperative control problems. Secondly, the applications of diverse problems are presented. Thirdly, we employ the figure to manifest the relationship among the distinct cooperative control problems.
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399,695 |
Please write an abstract with title: Increasing the Energy Efficiency of Ventilation Systems Heat Recovery of Wet Ventilation Emissions in Rooms with Open Water Surfaces, and key words: Air conditioning, Temperature distribution, Gases, Water heating, Moisture, Ventilation, Mathematical models. Abstract: The paper describes the conduct of experimental studies in order to determine the temperature fields in a closed volume of a room with an open water surface. The heat of wet gases, taking into account latent heat, can be used to improve energy efficiency. The patterns of heat transfer during evaporation, obtained experimentally and verified by theoretical data, can be used in the design and operation of heat power and technological installations of ventilation and air conditioning systems, which can significantly reduce capital costs at the design stage. On the developed laboratory setup, it is possible to conduct experimental studies using modern measurement methods and measuring instruments, with the possible use of scaling to transfer the results obtained to real objects.
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399,696 |
Please write an abstract with title: Turbine Parameters' Effect on Output Power Performance using a DOE Method, and key words: Drilling, Power measurement, Blades, Process control, Signal processing, Mathematical models, Generators. Abstract: Turbine is a critical component of while drilling turbine generator, and its structural parameters are vital to output performance. The turbine's output performance was improved to solve further and analyze the mutual influence of multiple factors on the output power of the turbine's vital structural parameters. Three critical influencing factors are proposed based on the turbine's basic principle and mathematical model, and the DOE (Design of Experiment) test is designed. First, the prioritized effects of turbine angle, turbine radius, and blade height were analyzed on output power. Then, the output power of the turbine can be adjusted by selecting an appropriate range of turbine structure parameters further to improve the overall output performance of the turbine generator. The research results show that the priority of the turbine's key structural parameters on power is the blade height, turbine angle, and turbine radius; within the range of turbine angle, turbine radius, and blade height variation, the turbine output power can reach about 1000~7000W.
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399,697 |
Please write an abstract with title: Energy Storage System Control Strategy for Restraining Overvoltage Caused by Switching Non-Load Power Transmission Lines, and key words: Voltage control, Switches, Power transmission lines, Power supplies, Switching circuits, Resistors, Circuit breakers. Abstract: During the switching operation of the non-load power transmission lines, the undisired switching overvoltage issue is inevitable, causing grid voltage oscillations, waveform distortion and other phenomena at the end of the non-load power transmission lines, and even lead to the insulation breakdown, all above phenomena probably make the power transmission failure. To avoid the above harmful cases, the formation mechanism of the undisired switching overvoltage issue caused by switching non-load power transmission lines is first analyzed in detail. Based on this mechanism analysis, the energy storage system (ESS) based overvoltage suppression method and corresponding ESS voltage command synthesis algorithm are developed. The method can quickly and effectively restrain the voltage change rate and reduce the voltage difference between the initial value and the steady state value of the power transmission lines, so that the line voltage during the switching operation can be kept within the safety limit range. Finally, a simulation model was built by using MATLAB/Simulink software, and the simulation results verified the effectiveness of the proposed overvoltage suppression strategy.
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399,698 |
Please write an abstract with title: Photovoltaic Power Prediction Method Based on Markov Chain and Combined Model, and key words: Photovoltaic systems, Support vector machines, Computational modeling, Transforms, Predictive models, Markov processes, Feature extraction. Abstract: Photovoltaic power generation prediction is very helpful for real-time balanced operation in the power market, which in turn will benefit both energy suppliers and customers. Aiming at the prediction of photovoltaic power generation, the paper proposes a prediction method based on Markov chain and combination model. First, this paper preprocesses the data. Then, taking into account the variability and intermittency of photovoltaic power generation, discrete wavelet transform is used to de-noise the data. Next, the paper uses random forest for feature selection to extract feature vectors that are highly related to photovoltaic power generation. Finally, different prediction models are combined, and the weights of different prediction models are dynamically determined through Markov chains. The linear combination of the prediction values of the different prediction models under the dynamic weights is used as the final prediction value. The method in this paper is compared with other methods on real photovoltaic data sets. The experimental results show that the proposed method has a better prediction effect.
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399,699 |
Please write an abstract with title: Voltage Sag Reduction using a Dynamic Voltage Restorer under Different Types of Faults in The Power System, and key words: Power quality, Power system dynamics, Power system stability, Power system harmonics, Circuit faults, Voltage control, Phase locked loops. Abstract: A short circuit is one of a number of events that cause voltage sag or interruptions of the power supply. In fact, a short circuit appears with many different types such as three-phase fault, single phase to ground fault, phase to phase fault, phase to phase to ground fault… This paper presents a Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) using a vector-controlled structure on the static αβ-coordinate system with the combination of voltage control and current control to minimize voltage sag on the grid. The proposed DVR control method is modelled using MATLAB-Simulink and tested for balanced/unbalanced voltage sags caused by different types of short circuit. As a result, by using this controlling method, the load voltage is compensated quickly and stabilized in less than 1/2 cycle.
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