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153210784
|
10.1016/j.braindev.2017.01.008
|
Lately, microdeletions of the 22q region, responsible for DiGeorge syndrome or velocardiofacial syndrome, have been increasingly related to neuropsychiatric disorders including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. These manifestations seem to be related to certain genes located in the hemideleted region such as the proline dehydrogenase (PRODH) and the catechol-o-methyltransferase (COMT) genes. We describe a teenager who started his adolescent psychiatric care presenting cognitive impairment, irritable mood and aggressive behaviour with schizophrenia-like symptoms that scored 153 in the Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS) assessment. Worsening of symptoms when the patient was treated with valproic acid, and plasma aminoacids showing an increase in alanine and proline, suggested a mitochondrial involvement of the proline metabolic pathway. Mild dysmorphic features also suggested a possible 22q11 deletion syndrome that was confirmed. A mutation for Hyperprolinemia type I was also detected. Knowledge of the correct diagnosis was crucial for an adequate treatment.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
|
Hyperprolinemia as a Clue in the Diagnosis of a Patient with Psychiatric Manifestations
|
hyperprolinemia as a clue in the diagnosis of a patient with psychiatric manifestations
|
lately microdeletions digeorge syndrome velocardiofacial syndrome increasingly neuropsychiatric disorders schizophrenia bipolar disorder. manifestations seem hemideleted proline dehydrogenase prodh catechol methyltransferase comt genes. teenager started adolescent psychiatric presenting impairment irritable mood aggressive schizophrenia scored panss assessment. worsening valproic aminoacids alanine proline mitochondrial involvement proline metabolic pathway. mild dysmorphic deletion syndrome confirmed. mutation hyperprolinemia detected. crucial adequate treatment.info repo semantics publishedversio
|
exact_dup
|
[
"80519535"
] |
154416926
|
10.1007/s11154-016-9328-5
|
Hidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by painful, recurrent nodules and abscesses that rupture and lead to sinus tracts and scarring. To date, an evidence-based therapeutic approach has not been the standard of care and this is likely due to the lack of evidence based treatment guidelines. The purpose of this study was to promote a holistic evidence-based approach which implemented Level of Evidence and Strength of Recommendation for the treatment of HS. Based upon the European Dermatology Forumguidelines for the management of HS, evidence-based approach was explored for the treatment of HS. The diagnosis of HS should be made by a dermatologist or other healthcare professional with expert knowledge in HS. All patients should be offered adjuvant therapy as needed (pain management, weight loss, tobacco cessation, treatment of super infections, and application of appropriate dressings). The treating physician should be familiar with disease severity scores, especially Hurley staging, physician global assessment and others. The routine use of patient’reported outcomesincluding DLQI, itch and pain assessment (Visual Analogue Scale) is strongly recommended. The need for surgical intervention should be assessed in all patients depending upon type and extent of scarring, and an evidence-based surgical approach should be implemented. Evidence-based medical treatment of mild disease consists of topical Clindamycin 1 % solution/gel b.i.d. for 12 weeks or Tetracycline 500 p.o. b.i.d. for 4 months (LOE IIb, SOR B), for more widespread disease. If patient fails to exhibit response to treatment or for a PGA of moderate-to-severe disease, Clindamycin 300 p.o. b.i.d. with Rifampicin 600 p.o. o.d. for 10 weeks (LOE III, SOR C) should be considered. If patient is not improved, then Adalimumab 160 mg at week 0, 80 mg at week 2; then 40 mg subcutaneously weekly should be administered (LOE Ib, SOR A). If improvement occurs then therapy should be maintained as long as HS lesions are present. If the patient fails to exhibit response, then consideration of second or third line therapy is required. A growing body of evidence is being published to guide the treatment of HS. HS therapy should be based upon the evaluation of the inflammatory components as well as the scarring and should be directed by evidence-based guidelines. Treatment should include surgery as well as medical treatment. Future studies should include benefit risk ratio analysis and long term assessment of efficacy and safety, in order to facilitate long term evidence based treatment and rational pharmacotherapy
|
Evidence-based approach to the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa, based on the European guidelines for hidradenitis suppurativa
|
evidence-based approach to the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa, based on the european guidelines for hidradenitis suppurativa
|
hidradenitis suppurativa acne inversa inflammatory painful recurrent nodules abscesses rupture sinus tracts scarring. therapeutic guidelines. promote holistic implemented recommendation dermatology forumguidelines explored dermatologist healthcare professional expert offered adjuvant tobacco cessation super infections dressings treating physician familiar severity hurley staging physician others. routine patient’reported outcomesincluding dlqi itch analogue recommended. surgical scarring surgical implemented. mild topical clindamycin b.i.d. tetracycline p.o. b.i.d. widespread disease. fails exhibit moderate clindamycin p.o. b.i.d. rifampicin p.o. o.d. considered. adalimumab week week subcutaneously weekly administered maintained lesions present. fails exhibit consideration required. growing guide inflammatory scarring directed guidelines. treatment. benefit efficacy facilitate rational pharmacotherapy
|
exact_dup
|
[
"154417352"
] |
163093755
|
10.1038/s41598-018-28115-4
|
The production of cosmogenic isotopes offers a unique way to reconstruct solar activity during the Holocene. It is influenced by both the solar and Earth magnetic fields and thus their combined effect needs to be disentangled to infer past solar irradiance. Nowadays, it is assumed that the long-term variations of cosmogenic production are modulated by the geomagnetic field and that the solar field dominates over shorter wavelengths. In this process, the effects of the non-dipolar terms of the geomagnetic field are considered negligible. Here we analyse these assumptions and demonstrate that, for a constant solar modulation potential, the geomagnetic field exerts a strong modulation of multi-centennial to millennial wavelengths (periods of 800 and 2200 yr). Moreover, we demonstrate that the non-dipole terms derived from the harmonic degree 3 and above produce maximum differences of 7% in the global average radiocarbon production rate. The results are supported by the identification, for the first time, of a robust coherence between the production rates independently estimated from geomagnetic reconstructions and that inferred from natural archives. This implies the need to review past solar forcing reconstructions, with important implications both for the assessment of solar-climate relationships as well as for the present and future generation of paleoclimate models
|
Multi-centennial fluctuations of radionuclide production rates are modulated by the Earth's magnetic field
|
multi-centennial fluctuations of radionuclide production rates are modulated by the earth's magnetic field
|
cosmogenic isotopes offers reconstruct holocene. influenced earth disentangled infer irradiance. nowadays cosmogenic modulated geomagnetic dominates shorter wavelengths. dipolar geomagnetic negligible. analyse assumptions modulation geomagnetic exerts modulation centennial millennial wavelengths dipole harmonic radiocarbon rate. robust coherence independently geomagnetic reconstructions inferred archives. forcing reconstructions paleoclimate
|
exact_dup
|
[
"163093514"
] |
18275574
|
10.1016/j.wavemoti.2012.05.001
|
When ultrasonic guided waves in an immersed plate are expressed as Debye series, they are considered as the result of successive reflections from the plate walls. Against all expectations, the Debye series can diverge for any geometry if inhomogeneous waves are involved in the problem. For an anisotropic elastic plate immersed in a fluid, this is the case if the incidence angle is greater than the first critical angle.Physically, this divergence can be explained by the energy coupling between two inhomogeneous waves of same kind of polarization, which are expressed by conjugate wavenumbers. Each of these latter inhomogeneous waves does not transfer energy but a linear combination of them can do it. Mathematically, this is due to the fact that inhomogeneous waves do not constitute a basis orthogonal in the sense of energy, contrarily to homogeneous waves. To avoid that difficulty, an orthogonalization of these inhomogeneous waves is required. Doing so, nonstandard upgoing and downgoing waves in the plate are introduced to ensure the convergence of the new Debye series written in the basis formed by these latter waves. The case of an aluminum plate immersed in water illustrates this study by giving numerical results and a detailed description of the latter nonstandard waves. The different reflection and refraction coefficients at each plate interface are analyzed in terms of Debye series convergence and of distribution of energy fluxes between the waves in the plate. From that investigation, an interesting physical phenomenon is described for one specific pair “angle of incidence/frequency”. For this condition, the quasi-energy brought by the incident harmonic plane wave crosses the plate without any conversion to reflected waves either at the first interface or at the second interface. In this zone, there is a perfect impedance matching between the fluid and the plate
|
A nonstandard wave decomposition to ensure the convergence of Debye series for modeling wave propagation in an immersed anisotropic elastic plate
|
a nonstandard wave decomposition to ensure the convergence of debye series for modeling wave propagation in an immersed anisotropic elastic plate
|
ultrasonic guided immersed plate debye successive reflections plate walls. expectations debye diverge inhomogeneous problem. anisotropic elastic plate immersed incidence angle.physically divergence inhomogeneous kind conjugate wavenumbers. inhomogeneous mathematically inhomogeneous constitute orthogonal contrarily homogeneous waves. avoid difficulty orthogonalization inhomogeneous required. nonstandard upgoing downgoing plate ensure debye waves. aluminum plate immersed illustrates giving nonstandard waves. reflection refraction plate debye fluxes plate. phenomenon “angle incidence frequency”. quasi brought incident harmonic crosses plate conversion reflected interface. perfect impedance matching plate
|
exact_dup
|
[
"143692161"
] |
18424113
|
10.1051/epjconf/201227
|
The aim of this paper is to study the importance of nuclear data uncertainties in the prediction of the uncertainties in keff for LWR (Light Water Reactor) unit-cells. The first part of this work is focused on the comparison of different sensitivity/uncertainty propagation methodologies based on TSUNAMI and MCNP codes; this study is undertaken for a fresh-fuel at different operational conditions. The second part of this work studies the burnup effect where the indirect contribution due to the uncertainty of the isotopic evolution is also analyzed
|
Importance of nuclear data uncertainties in criticality calculations
|
importance of nuclear data uncertainties in criticality calculations
|
keff reactor cells. focused propagation methodologies tsunami mcnp codes undertaken fresh fuel operational conditions. burnup indirect isotopic
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148663894"
] |
18424952
|
10.1016/j.jup.2013.10.004
|
In the face of continuing financial and economic crises, the European Investment Bank (EIB) has been criticized for being overly-conservative in its loans to Europe. Critics in particular have called on the EIB to vastly increase its investment in utilities as a counter-cyclical measure. To take stock and, in order to evaluate the role of the EIB in financing utilities over time, we compile and analyze an original database of all EIB utilities project loans from 1958 to 2004. We find the EIB started out by functioning as a regional development bank, prioritizing utilities finance in its members’ poorer zones; however, energy crises in the 1970s marked a shift whereby the logic of EIB finance to utilities became more politically-oriented. By the 1980s, utilities projects supported by the EIB were intimately related to those required for the Single Market. The origins of the EIB’s current conservative approach to utilities loans was born in the 1970s and fully consolidated by the 1990s.
|
Financing Utilities: How the Role of the European Investment Bank shifted from regional development to making markets
|
financing utilities: how the role of the european investment bank shifted from regional development to making markets
|
continuing crises investment bank criticized overly conservative loans europe. critics vastly investment utilities counter cyclical measure. stock financing utilities compile analyze utilities loans started functioning bank prioritizing utilities finance members’ poorer zones crises marked whereby logic finance utilities became politically oriented. utilities projects intimately market. origins eib’s conservative utilities loans born consolidated
|
exact_dup
|
[
"17185678"
] |
19125882
|
10.1007/s00340-005-1886-2
|
The room-temperature response of large-area avalanche photodiodes (LAAPDs) to 128- and 172-nm light pulses is investigated. The minimum detectable number of photons, which can produce a signal just above the noise level, is found to be around 1300 and 600 photons, respectively. The LAAPD relative statistical fluctuations in the detection of 15 000 photons of 128 nm and 25 500 photons of 172 nm were found to be about 3.9% and 2.2%, respectively. Both the minimum detectable number of photons and statistical fluctuations do not depend on the photon wavelength, but rather on the number of charge carriers produced by the light pulse in the LAAPD. For these light levels, good LAAPD performance is already achieved for gains as low as 30 to 60.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00340-005-1886-
|
Detection of VUV photons with large-area avalanche photodiodes
|
detection of vuv photons with large-area avalanche photodiodes
|
room avalanche photodiodes laapds pulses investigated. detectable photons photons respectively. laapd photons photons respectively. detectable photons carriers laapd. laapd gains
|
exact_dup
|
[
"144013617"
] |
19125924
|
10.1007/s10953-005-6987-3
|
Taylor dispersion equipment installed at the University of Coimbra for the measurement of diffusion in liquids has been tested to ensure adequate accuracy and precision by measuring mutual diffusion coefficients for binary aqueous solutions of sucrose, glycine, lithium chloride, potassium chloride, and hydrochloric acid at 298.15 K. In addition, binary mutual diffusion coefficients for aqueous solutions of lactic acid (not previously reported in the literature) have been measured at 298.15 and 303.15 K and concentrations up to 0.20 mol-dm-3.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10953-005-6987-
|
Binary Diffusion Coefficients for Aqueous Solutions of Lactic Acid
|
binary diffusion coefficients for aqueous solutions of lactic acid
|
taylor equipment installed coimbra liquids ensure adequate precision measuring mutual aqueous sucrose glycine lithium chloride potassium chloride hydrochloric mutual aqueous lactic
|
exact_dup
|
[
"144013692"
] |
19126026
|
10.1007/s00018-004-4268-8
|
The function of neurofilaments, the major component in large myelinated neurons, is not well understood even though they were discovered as structures over 100 years ago. Recent studies have suggested that neuro-filaments are closely related to many neurodegenerative diseases, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson disease Alzheimer disease, and diabetes. Using in vitro assays, cultures and transgenic mice, these studies provided new insights into neurofilament function. The function of each subunit, the relationship of neurofilaments with other cytoskeletal elements and their clinical significance are topics of increasing attention.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00018-004-4268-
|
Neurofilament proteins in neurodegenerative diseases
|
neurofilament proteins in neurodegenerative diseases
|
neurofilaments myelinated understood discovered ago. neuro filaments closely neurodegenerative amyotrophic lateral sclerosis parkinson alzheimer diabetes. assays cultures transgenic insights neurofilament function. subunit neurofilaments cytoskeletal topics attention.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"144013883"
] |
19126071
|
10.1007/s00403-005-0574-8
|
Chemokines are involved in the control of dendritic cell (DC) trafficking, which is critical for the immune response, namely in allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). In this work, we investigated by flow cytometry the effect of the contact sensitizers 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB), 1,4-phenylenediamine (PPD) and nickel sulfate (NiSO4), on the surface expression of the chemokine receptors CCR6 and CXCR4 in DC. As an experimental model of a DC we used a fetal skin-derived dendritic cell line (FSDC), which has morphological, phenotypical and functional characteristics of skin DC. Our results show that all the skin sensitizers studied decreased the membrane expression of the chemokine receptors CCR6 and CXCR4. In contrast, 2,4-dichloronitrobenzene (DCNB), the inactive analogue of DNFB without contact sensitizing properties, was without effect on the surface expression of these receptors. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which induces the maturation of DC, also reduced surface CCR6 and CXCR4 expression.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00403-005-0574-
|
Contact sensitizers downregulate the expression of the chemokine receptors CCR6 and CXCR4 in a skin dendritic cell line
|
contact sensitizers downregulate the expression of the chemokine receptors ccr6 and cxcr4 in a skin dendritic cell line
|
chemokines dendritic trafficking immune allergic dermatitis cytometry sensitizers dinitrofluorobenzene dnfb phenylenediamine nickel sulfate niso chemokine receptors cxcr fetal dendritic fsdc morphological phenotypical sensitizers chemokine receptors cxcr dichloronitrobenzene dcnb inactive analogue dnfb sensitizing receptors. lipopolysaccharide induces maturation cxcr expression.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"144013967"
] |
19126098
|
10.1007/s10389-008-0183-z
|
Abstract Background/objective Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of mortality in European countries. This study aimed at estimating the 10-year risk of fatal CVD in Portuguese adults and to assess the prevalence of major cardiovascular risk factors, according to the SCORE® risk prediction system. Subjects and methods A cross-sectional survey was carried out in 60 community pharmacies (CP) from October 2005 to January 2006 in a sample of CP users (=40 and =65 years). Data were collected by patient interviews using a structured questionnaire applied by a trained pharmacist. Results A total of 1,043 individuals were enrolled in the study (participation rate: 91%). The mean age was 53.7 years (SD: 7.1) with a ratio men/women of 0.68. The average risk in the sample was 1.94 (minimum 0, maximum 28, SD?=2.69). About 20% of the studied adults were at high risk, of which 39.4% were asymptomatic. CV risk was significantly higher in the oldest age group and in men (p?<?0.05). The prevalence of main CV risk factors was: hypertension-54.8%; hypercholesterolemia-63.1%, diabetes-13.4%; smoking-10.4% and obesity–29.0%. About 1/3 of those asked had family history of premature CVD. Mean values of biochemical and clinical parameters were: systolic blood pressure (mmHg): 134.8?±?19.7; diastolic blood pressure (mmHg): 81.0?±?11.4; total cholesterol (mg/dl): 193.8?±?34.6; body mass index (kg/m2): 28.0?±?4.5. Conclusions According to SCORE®, about one-fifth of the individuals was classified as high risk, and 7.7% was asymptomatic. CV risk was significantly higher in the oldest age group (55–65 years old) and in men (p?<?0.05). These results show a high prevalence of some risk factors, particularly hypertension and hypercholesterolemia.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10389-008-0183-
|
Assessment of global cardiovascular risk and risk factors in Portugal according to the SCORE® model
|
assessment of global cardiovascular risk and risk factors in portugal according to the score® model
|
cardiovascular countries. aimed estimating fatal portuguese adults prevalence cardiovascular score® system. sectional pharmacies october interviews structured questionnaire trained pharmacist. enrolled participation adults asymptomatic. oldest prevalence hypertension hypercholesterolemia smoking obesity– asked premature cvd. biochemical systolic mmhg diastolic mmhg cholesterol score® fifth classified asymptomatic. oldest prevalence hypertension hypercholesterolemia.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"144014019"
] |
19126159
|
10.1007/s10659-006-9072-2
|
Abstract We apply the asymptotic analysis procedure to the three-dimensional static equations of piezoelectricity, for a linear nonhomogeneous anisotropic thin rod. We prove the weak convergence of the rod mechanical displacement vectors and the rod electric potentials, when the diameter of the rod cross-section tends to zero. This weak limit is the solution of a new piezoelectric anisotropic nonhomogeneous rod model, which is a system of coupled equations, with generalized Bernoulli–Navier equilibrium equations and reduced Maxwell–Gauss equations.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10659-006-9072-
|
A Generalized Piezoelectric Bernoulli–Navier Anisotropic Rod Model
|
a generalized piezoelectric bernoulli–navier anisotropic rod model
|
asymptotic piezoelectricity nonhomogeneous anisotropic rod. displacement potentials tends zero. piezoelectric anisotropic nonhomogeneous bernoulli–navier maxwell–gauss equations.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"144014082"
] |
19126202
|
10.1007/s10530-008-9295-1
|
Abstract Invasion by Acacia longifolia alters soil characteristics and processes. The present study was conducted to determine if the changes in soil C and N pools and processes induced by A. longifolia persist after its removal, at the São Jacinto Dunes Nature Reserve (Portugal). Some areas had been invaded for a long time (>20 years) and others more recently (<10 years). For each type of invasion, (i.e., long-invaded and recently invaded), three treatments were used: (1) A. longifolia left intact; (2) A. longifolia was removed; and (3) both A. longifolia and litter layer were removed. Soil samples were collected once a year for four and half years and analysed for chemical and microbial properties. In general, microbial parameters responded faster than C and N pools. In long-invaded areas, two and half years after removal of plants and litter, basal respiration and microbial biomass had already decreased >30%, ß-glucosaminidase activity (N mineralization index) >60% and potential nitrification >95%. Removal of plants and litter resulted in a >35% decrease in C and N content after four and half years. In recently invaded areas, ß-glucosaminidase activity and potential nitrification showed a marked decrease (>54% and >95%, respectively) after removal of both A. longifolia and litter. Our results suggest that after removal of an N2-fixing invasive tree that changes ecosystem-level processes, it takes several years before soil nutrients and processes return to pre-invasion levels, but this legacy slowly diminish, suggesting that the susceptibility of native areas to (re)invasion is a function of the time elapsed since removal. Removal of the N-rich litter layer facilitates ecosystem recovery.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10530-008-9295-
|
Soil recovery after removal of the N2-fixing invasive Acacia longifolia : consequences for ecosystem restoration
|
soil recovery after removal of the n2-fixing invasive acacia longifolia : consequences for ecosystem restoration
|
invasion acacia longifolia alters processes. pools longifolia persist removal jacinto dunes reserve portugal invaded invasion i.e. invaded invaded treatments longifolia intact longifolia removed longifolia litter removed. analysed microbial properties. microbial responded faster pools. invaded removal litter basal respiration microbial biomass glucosaminidase mineralization nitrification removal litter resulted years. invaded glucosaminidase nitrification marked removal longifolia litter. removal fixing invasive ecosystem nutrients return invasion legacy slowly diminish susceptibility native invasion elapsed removal. removal litter facilitates ecosystem recovery.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"144014164"
] |
196151721
|
10.1016/j.jct.2015.07.015
|
Producción CientíficaThe densities and viscosities of aqueous mixtures of two cellulose dissolving ionic liquids: 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride and 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium acetate ionic liquids have been experimentally determined for water concentration up to approx. 35% water at atmospheric pressure and temperature range from (298.15 to 373.15) K. Molar excess volumes were calculated, resulting in negative values. Literature viscosity correlations were modified in order to describe the viscosity as a function of temperature and water concentration for both water concentrations lower than xH2O = 0.4 and for all the water concentration range. These modified equations were applied to correlate viscosity of (water + ionic liquid) viscosity data for other 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquids as well as for (ethanol + 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium acetate) from literature obtaining a good reproducibility of the data.Junta de Castilla y León VA295U14MINECO proyecto CTQ 2011 – 14825 – E (Program Explora)MINECO contrato FPI BES-2011-046496MINECO programa Ramon y Cajal RYC-2013-1397
|
Influence of water concentration in the viscosities and densities of cellulose dissolving ionic liquids. Correlation of viscosity data
|
influence of water concentration in the viscosities and densities of cellulose dissolving ionic liquids. correlation of viscosity data
|
producción científicathe densities viscosities aqueous mixtures cellulose dissolving ionic liquids allyl methylimidazolium chloride ethyl methyl imidazolium acetate ionic liquids experimentally approx. molar excess volumes values. viscosity viscosity range. correlate viscosity ionic viscosity alkyl methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquids ethanol ethyl methyl imidazolium acetate obtaining reproducibility data.junta castilla león mineco proyecto explora mineco contrato mineco programa ramon cajal
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exact_dup
|
[
"132345502"
] |
25369314
|
10.1023/A:1024582618096
|
Einstein's equations for a Robertson-Walker fluid source endowed with rotation Einstein's equations for a Robertson-Walker fluid source endowed with rotation are presented upto and including quadratic terms in angular velocity parameter. A family of analytic solutions are obtained for the case in which the source angular velocity is purely time-dependent. A subclass of solutions is presented which merge smoothly to homogeneous rotating and non-rotating central sources. The particular solution for dust endowed with rotation is presented. In all cases explicit expressions, depending sinusoidally on polar angle, are given for the density and internal supporting pressure of the rotating source. In addition to the non-zero axial velocity of the fluid particles it is shown that there is also a radial component of velocity which vanishes only at the poles. The velocity four-vector has a zero component between poles
|
Robertson-Walker fluid sources endowed with rotation characterised by quadratic terms in angular velocity parameter
|
robertson-walker fluid sources endowed with rotation characterised by quadratic terms in angular velocity parameter
|
einstein robertson walker endowed einstein robertson walker endowed upto quadratic parameter. analytic purely dependent. subclass merge smoothly homogeneous rotating rotating sources. endowed presented. expressions sinusoidally polar supporting rotating source. axial vanishes poles. poles
|
exact_dup
|
[
"2429271"
] |
2644753
|
10.1063/1.168739
|
Wavelets are a powerful new mathematical tool which offers the possibility to
treat in a natural way quantities characterized by several length scales. In
this article we will show how wavelets can be used to solve partial
differential equations which exhibit widely varying length scales and which are
therefore hardly accessible by other numerical methods. As a benchmark
calculation we solve Poisson's equation for a 3-dimensional Uranium dimer. The
length scales of the charge distribution vary by 4 orders of magnitude in this
case. Using lifted interpolating wavelets the number of iterations is
independent of the maximal resolution and the computational effort therefore
scales strictly linearly with respect to the size of the system
|
The solution of multi-scale partial differential equations using
wavelets
|
the solution of multi-scale partial differential equations using wavelets
|
wavelets powerful mathematical offers treat quantities scales. wavelets solve exhibit widely hardly accessible methods. benchmark solve poisson uranium dimer. vary orders case. lifted interpolating wavelets iterations maximal effort strictly linearly
|
exact_dup
|
[
"25236207"
] |
29137312
|
10.1016/j.wear.2006.12.069
|
This study deals with the development of Chromium Aluminium Nitride (CrAlN) hard coatings (by varying the nitrogen content in the plasma, the target bias voltage, the working pressure and the deposition time) and their characterization by physical and mechanical techniques (XRD, nanoindentation, Young’s modulus, stress, scratch-test, composition, etc.) in order to determine the optimal deposition conditions to apply the coatings to carbide substrates.
Moreover, in order to improve the adhesion of the same optimal hard coatings and as it was efficient with Diamond Like Carbon (DLC) coatings, we tried to modify the carbide inserts by chemical attacks with Murakami’s agent before machining. The coated tools (with and without Murakami’s attack) were then tested in routing of Medium Density Fibreboard (MDF). A comparison of the abrasion and shock resistance of the conventional tools with the treated ones, was made. The efficiency of Murakami’s agent was also studied. It was obvious that the coated carbide tools had greater tool life than the untreated ones. Besides, Murakami’s attack was not optimized or not a solution to improve the adhesion of nitride coatings on carbide inserts.Regional Council of Burgundy
ISOROY Franc
|
Application of CrAlN coatings on carbide substrates in routing of MDF
|
application of craln coatings on carbide substrates in routing of mdf
|
deals chromium aluminium nitride craln coatings nitrogen deposition nanoindentation young’s modulus scratch etc. deposition coatings carbide substrates. adhesion coatings diamond coatings tried modify carbide inserts attacks murakami’s agent machining. coated murakami’s attack routing fibreboard abrasion shock made. murakami’s agent studied. obvious coated carbide untreated ones. besides murakami’s attack optimized adhesion nitride coatings carbide inserts.regional council burgundy isoroy franc
|
exact_dup
|
[
"143692322"
] |
30609423
|
10.1016/j.joep.2011.09.001
|
Preference reversals are frequently observed in the lab, but almost all designs use completely transparent prospects, which are rarely features of decision making elsewhere. This raises questions of external validity. We test the robustness of the phenomenon to gambles which incorporate realistic ambiguity in payoffs and probabilities. In addition, we test a recent rationalisation of preference reversals by Third Generation Prospect Theory, which would also restrict the incidence of reversals outside the lab. According to this account, reversals occur largely because the selling protocol generally used for the valuation task activates loss aversion, which is excluded by the free gift protocol of the choice task. We find that reversals are not dependent on these procedures, though they seem to be encouraged by transparency
|
Do preference reversals generalise? Results on ambiguity and loss aversion
|
do preference reversals generalise? results on ambiguity and loss aversion
|
preference reversals frequently designs transparent prospects rarely elsewhere. raises validity. robustness phenomenon gambles incorporate realistic ambiguity payoffs probabilities. rationalisation preference reversals prospect restrict incidence reversals lab. reversals largely selling valuation activates aversion excluded gift task. reversals seem encouraged transparency
|
exact_dup
|
[
"30340718"
] |
33171274
|
10.1016/j.jnca.2013.10.017
|
The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) has been adopted by the IETF as the control protocol for creating, modifying and terminating multimedia sessions. Overload occurs in SIP networks when SIP servers have insufficient resources to handle received messages. Under overload, SIP networks may suffer from congestion collapse due to current ineffective SIP overload control mechanisms. This paper introduces a probe-based end-to-end overload control (PEOC) mechanism, which is deployed at the edge servers of SIP networks and is easy to implement. By probing the SIP network with SIP messages, PEOC estimates the network load and controls the traffic admitted to the network according to the estimated load. Theoretic analysis and extensive simulations verify that PEOC can keep high throughput for SIP networks even when the offered load exceeds the capacity of the network. Besides, it can respond quickly to the sudden variations of the offered load and achieve good fairness
|
Probe-based end-to-end overload control for networks of SIP servers
|
probe-based end-to-end overload control for networks of sip servers
|
session initiation adopted ietf creating modifying terminating multimedia sessions. overload servers insufficient handle messages. overload suffer congestion collapse ineffective overload mechanisms. introduces overload peoc deployed servers implement. probing messages peoc traffic admitted load. theoretic extensive verify peoc keep throughput offered exceeds network. besides respond quickly sudden offered fairness
|
exact_dup
|
[
"148668507"
] |
35078392
|
10.1016/S0920-5632(96)00552-X
|
The concept of non-abelian horizontal symmetry $SU(3)_H$ can greatly help in
understanding the fermion and sfermion flavour structures in supersymmetric
grand unification. For the sake of demonstration the $SU(5)\times SU(3)_H$
model, suggested earlier in ref. \cite{PLB85}, is revisited. We show that under
very simple and natural assumption it links the sfermion mass pattern to those
of fermions in a remarkable way. All dangerous supersymmetric flavour-changing
contributions are naturally suppressed in a general case, independently of the
concrete texture for fermion mass matrices. Nevertheless, within this framework
we present an example of predictive model for fermion masses and mixing, which
leads to 7 consistent predictions for the low energy observables. [Based on
talks given at Int. Workshop {\em `SUSY 96'}, Univ. of Maryland, 29 May - 1
June 1996 (to appear on Proceedings), and II US-Polish Workshop {\em `Physics
from Planck Scale to Electroweak Scale'}, Warsaw, 28-30 March 1996.
|
Problem of flavour in SUSY GUT and horizontal symmetry
|
problem of flavour in susy gut and horizontal symmetry
|
abelian greatly fermion sfermion flavour supersymmetric grand unification. sake demonstration ref. cite revisited. links sfermion fermions remarkable way. dangerous supersymmetric flavour changing naturally suppressed independently concrete texture fermion matrices. nevertheless predictive fermion observables. talks int. workshop susy univ. maryland polish workshop planck electroweak warsaw
|
exact_dup
|
[
"35093018"
] |
35085425
|
10.1007/JHEP12(2014)128
|
We study the low energy effective theory of two sets of D3-branes overlapping in 1+1 dimensions, recently considered by Mintun, Polchinski, and Sun. In the original treatment by MPS, by studying the properties of magnetic solitons, the low energy effective field theory was found to require some ultraviolet completion, possibly involving full string dynamics. Recently in a companion paper, it was shown that by scaling the angle between the D3-branes and the D3 ′ -branes in the zero slope limit in specific way, one can find simpler effective field theory which consists of a single tower of Regge trajectory states and yet is ultraviolet complete and non-singular. In this article, we study this model by further studying a limit which recovers the MPS dynamics from this non-singular construction. We approach this issue from a holographic perspective, where we consider a stack of N D3-branes overlapping with a single D3 ′ -brane, and treat that D3 ′ -brane as a probe in the AdS 5 × S 5 dual. In general, the D3 ′ -brane probe supports a magnetic monopole as a non-singular soliton configuration, but in the limit where the MPS dynamics is recovered, the soliton degenerates. This is consistent with the idea that the effective dynamics in the MPS setup is incomplete, but that it can be completed with a single tower of Regge trajectory states
|
Solitons on intersecting 3-branes II: a holographic perspective
|
solitons on intersecting 3-branes ii: a holographic perspective
|
branes overlapping mintun polchinski sun. studying solitons ultraviolet completion possibly involving dynamics. companion branes branes simpler tower regge trajectory ultraviolet singular. studying recovers singular construction. holographic perspective stack branes overlapping brane treat brane dual. brane supports monopole singular soliton recovered soliton degenerates. setup incomplete completed tower regge trajectory
|
exact_dup
|
[
"35085252"
] |
35089013
|
10.1007/JHEP09(2015)185
|
The Higgs decay h → 4 ℓ has played an important role in discovering the Higgs and measuring its mass thanks to low background and excellent resolution. Current cuts in this channel have been optimized for Higgs discovery via the dominant tree level ZZ contribution arising from electroweak symmetry breaking. Going forward, one of the primary objectives of this sensitive channel will be to probe other Higgs couplings and search for new physics on top of the tree level ZZ ‘background’. Thanks to interference between these small couplings and the large tree level contribution to ZZ , the h → 4ℓ decay is uniquely capable of probing the magnitude and CP phases of the Higgs couplings to γγ and Zγ as well as, to a lesser extent, ZZ couplings arising from higher dimensional operators. With this in mind we examine how much relaxing current cuts can enhance the sensitivity while also accounting for the dominant non-Higgs continuum q q ¯ → 4 ℓ $$ q\overline{q}\to 4\ell $$ background. We find the largest enhancement in sensitivity for the hZγ couplings (≳100%) followed by hγγ (≳40%) and less so for the higher dimensional hZZ couplings (a few percent). With these enhancements, we show that couplings of order Standard Model values for hγγ may optimistically be probed by end of Run-II at the LHC while for hZγ perhaps towards the end of a high luminosity LHC. Thus an appropriately optimized h → 4 ℓ analysis can complement direct decays of the Higgs to on-shell γγ and Zγ pairs giving a unique opportunity to directly access the CP properties of these couplings
|
New opportunities in h → 4 ℓ
|
new opportunities in h → 4 ℓ
|
played discovering measuring thanks excellent resolution. cuts optimized discovery arising electroweak breaking. going objectives couplings ‘background’. thanks interference couplings uniquely capable probing couplings lesser couplings arising operators. mind examine relaxing cuts enhance accounting continuum overline background. enhancement couplings couplings percent enhancements couplings optimistically probed perhaps luminosity lhc. appropriately optimized complement decays giving opportunity couplings
|
exact_dup
|
[
"35088838"
] |
35089279
|
10.1007/JHEP06(2015)196
|
In the context of warped extra-dimensional models which address both the Planck-weak- and flavor-hierarchies of the Standard Model (SM), it has been argued that certain observables can be calculated within the 5D effective field theory only with the Higgs field propagating in the bulk of the extra dimension, just like other SM fields. The related studies also suggested an interesting form of decoupling of the heavy Kaluza-Klein (KK) fermion states in the warped 5D SM in the limit where the profile of the SM Higgs approaches the IR brane. We demonstrate that a similar phenomenon occurs when we include the mandatory KK excitations of the SM Higgs in loop diagrams giving dipole operators for SM fermions, where the earlier work only considered the SM Higgs (zero mode). In particular, in the limit of a quasi IR-localized SM Higgs, the effect from summing over KK Higgs modes is unsuppressed (yet finite), in contrast to the naive expectation that KK Higgs modes decouple as their masses become large. In this case, a wide range of KK Higgs modes have quasi-degenerate masses and enhanced couplings to fermions relative to those of the SM Higgs, which contribute to the above remarkable result. In addition, we find that the total contribution from KK Higgs modes in general can be comparable to that from the SM Higgs alone. It is also interesting that KK Higgs couplings to KK fermions of the same chirality as the corresponding SM modes have an unsuppressed overall contribution, in contrast to the result from the earlier studies involving the SM Higgs. Our studies suggest that KK Higgs bosons are generally an indispensable part of the warped 5D SM, and their phenomenology such as signals at the LHC are worth further investigation
|
Warped dipole completed, with a tower of Higgs bosons
|
warped dipole completed, with a tower of higgs bosons
|
warped extra planck flavor hierarchies argued observables propagating extra fields. decoupling kaluza klein fermion warped brane. phenomenon mandatory excitations diagrams giving dipole fermions quasi localized summing unsuppressed naive expectation decouple large. quasi degenerate couplings fermions remarkable result. comparable alone. couplings fermions chirality unsuppressed involving higgs. bosons indispensable warped phenomenology worth
|
exact_dup
|
[
"144263323",
"35089168"
] |
35093559
|
10.1103/PhysRevD.66.034001
|
The main purpose of this paper is to discuss the link between
forward-backward multiplicity correlations properties and the shape of the
corresponding final charged particle multiplicity distribution in various
classes of events in different collisions. It is shown that the same mechanism
which explains the shoulder effect and the H_n vs. n oscillations in charged
particle multiplicity distributions, i.e., the weighted superposition of
different classes of events with negative binomial properties, reproduces
within experimental errors also the forward-backward multiplicity correlation
strength in e+e- annihilation at LEP energy and allows interesting predictions
for pp collisions in the TeV energy region, to be tested at LHC, for instance
with the ALICE detector. We limit ourselves at present to study substructures
properties in hadron-hadron collisions and e+e- annihilation; they are examined
as ancillary examples in the conviction that their understanding might be
relevant also in other more complex cases
|
Superposition effect and clan structure in forward-backward multiplicity
correlations
|
superposition effect and clan structure in forward-backward multiplicity correlations
|
backward multiplicity multiplicity collisions. explains shoulder oscillations multiplicity i.e. weighted superposition binomial reproduces backward multiplicity annihilation collisions alice detector. substructures hadron hadron collisions annihilation ancillary conviction
|
exact_dup
|
[
"2467498"
] |
38677735
|
10.1016/j.ces.2010.11.023
|
A pseudo-transient numerical model is used for the simulation of a multi-functional catalytic plate reactor (CPR). The work mainly addresses the problems associated with on-board reforming for solid-oxide fuel cells. Heat management is achieved by indirectly coupling partial oxidation with reforming. Water management is achieved by partially recycling the anode stream from a solid-oxide fuel cell. The model uses detailed heterogeneous chemistry for reforming and oxidation reactions occurring on the catalyst beds
|
Numerical study of on-board fuel reforming in a catalytic plate reactor for solid-oxide fuel cells
|
numerical study of on-board fuel reforming in a catalytic plate reactor for solid-oxide fuel cells
|
pseudo transient catalytic plate reactor addresses board reforming oxide fuel cells. indirectly oxidation reforming. partially recycling anode stream oxide fuel cell. heterogeneous reforming oxidation occurring catalyst beds
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52168971"
] |
396939
|
10.1016/j.jprocont.2010.07.007
|
Fault detection and diagnosis is a critical approach to ensure safe and efficient operation of manufacturing and chemical processing plants. Although multivariate statistical process monitoring has received considerable attention, investigation into the diagnosis of the source or cause of the detected process fault has been relatively limited. This is partially due to the difficulty in isolating multiple variables, which jointly contribute to the occurrence of fault, through conventional contribution analysis. In this work, a method based on probabilistic principal component analysis is proposed for fault isolation. Furthermore, a branch and bound method is developed to handle the combinatorial nature of problem involving finding the contributing variables, which are most likely to be responsible for the occurrence of fault. The efficiency of the method proposed is shown through benchmark examples, such as Tennessee Eastman process, and randomly generated cases
|
A branch and bound method for isolation of faulty variables through missing variable analysis
|
a branch and bound method for isolation of faulty variables through missing variable analysis
|
fault ensure safe manufacturing plants. multivariate considerable fault limited. partially difficulty isolating jointly occurrence fault analysis. probabilistic principal fault isolation. branch handle combinatorial involving contributing occurrence fault. benchmark tennessee eastman randomly
|
exact_dup
|
[
"140494"
] |
41127687
|
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.09.045
|
Size distribution and selected element concentrations of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) were\ud
investigated in the Venice Lagoon, at three sites characterised by different anthropogenic influence.\ud
The PM10 samples were collected in six size fractions (10–7.2, 7.2–3.0, 3.0–1.5, 1.5–0.95; 0.95–0.49\ud
and <0.49 lm) with high volume cascade impactors, and the concentration of 17 elements (Al, As, Ca,\ud
Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, Sr, V, Zn) was determined by inductively coupled plasma quadrupole\ud
mass spectroscopy. More than 1 year of sampling activities allowed the examination of seasonal\ud
variability in size distribution of atmospheric particulates and element contents for each site.\ud
At all the stations, particles with an aerodynamic diameter <3 lm were predominant, thus accounting\ud
for more than 78% of the total aerosol mass concentration. The highest PM10 concentrations for almost all\ud
elements were found at the site which is more influenced by industrial and urban emissions. Similarity in\ud
size distribution of elements at all sites allowed the identification of three main behavioural types: (a)\ud
elements found mainly within coarse particles (Ca, Mg, Na, Sr); (b) elements found mainly within fine\ud
particles (As, Cd, Ni, Pb, V) and (c) elements with several modes spread throughout the entire size range\ud
(Co, Cu, Fe, K, Zn, Mn).\ud
Factor Analysis was performed on aerosol data separately identified as fine and coarse types in order to\ud
examine the relationships between the inorganic elements and to identify their origin. Multivariate statistical\ud
analysis and assessment of similarity in the size distribution led to similar conclusions on the\ud
sources
|
Distribution and seasonal variability of trace elements in atmospheric particulate in the Venice Lagoon.
|
distribution and seasonal variability of trace elements in atmospheric particulate in the venice lagoon.
|
particulate venice lagoon characterised anthropogenic influence. fractions cascade impactors inductively quadrupole spectroscopy. examination seasonal particulates contents site. stations aerodynamic predominant accounting aerosol concentration. influenced industrial emissions. similarity behavioural coarse fine spread aerosol separately fine coarse examine inorganic origin. multivariate similarity
|
exact_dup
|
[
"53168230"
] |
41992578
|
10.1016/j.mar.2015.07.001
|
This study aims to respond to recent calls for a better understanding of the factors that support the effectiveness of formal control practices in hospitals. Based on survey data from 117 top-level managers in Belgian hospitals, the study investigates the performance effects of the alignment between the use of performance measurement systems (PMS), strategic priorities, and the particular role top-level managers’ personal background plays in this context. The quantitative results suggest that it is the top-level managers’ personal background that brings to life the benefits of the alignment between the use of PMS and strategic priorities in hospitals. Specifically, this paper shows that when the emphasis on partnership or governance strategic priority is high, the effect of the interactive use of PMS on hospital performance is more positive for top-level managers with a clinical background than for those with an administrative background. This study offers value for practitioners in that it supports the argument that hospitals can benefit from involving physicians in the top-level management team
|
Examining the joint effects of strategic priorities, use of management control systems, and personal background on hospital performance
|
examining the joint effects of strategic priorities, use of management control systems, and personal background on hospital performance
|
aims respond calls effectiveness formal practices hospitals. managers belgian hospitals investigates alignment strategic priorities managers’ personal plays context. managers’ personal brings benefits alignment strategic priorities hospitals. emphasis partnership governance strategic priority interactive managers administrative background. offers practitioners supports argument hospitals benefit involving physicians team
|
exact_dup
|
[
"74372798"
] |
42591557
|
10.1038/bjc.2014.22
|
Isoforms of the PDE4 family of cAMP-specific phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are expressed in a cell type-dependent manner and contribute to underpinning the paradigm of intracellular cAMP signal compartmentalisation. Here we identify the differential regulation of the PDE4D7 isoform during prostate cancer progression and uncover a role in controlling prostate cancer cell proliferation. PDE4 transcripts from 19 prostate cancer cell lines and xenografts were quantified by qPCR. PDE4D7 expression was further investigated because of its significant downregulation between androgen-sensitive (AS) and androgen-insensitive (AI) samples. Western blot analysis, PDE activity assay, immunofluorescent staining and cAMP responsive FRET assays were used to investigate the sub-plasma membrane localisation of a population of PDE4D7 in VCaP (AS) and PC3 (AI) cell lines. Disruption of this localisation pattern using dominant-negative protein expression and siRNA knockdown showed that PDE4D7 acts in opposition to proliferative signalling as assessed by electrical impedance-based proliferation assays. Here we identify the differential regulation of the PDE4D7 isoform during prostate cancer progression. PDE4D7 is highly expressed in AS cells and starkly downregulated in AI samples. The significance of this downregulation is underscored by our finding that PDE4D7 contributes a major fraction of cAMP degrading PDE activity tethered at the plasma membrane and that displacement of PDE4D7 from this compartment leads to an increase in the proliferation of prostate cancer cells. PDE4D7 mRNA expression is not, however, directly regulated by the androgen receptor signalling axis despite an overlapping genomic structure with the androgen responsive gene PART1. PDE4D7, which locates to the plasma membrane, acts to supress aberrant non-steroidal growth signals within the prostate or AS metastasis. PDE4D7 expression is significantly downregulated between AS and AI cell phenotypes. This change in expression potentially provides a novel androgen-independent biomarker and manipulation of its activity or its expression may provide therapeutic possibilities and insights into contributory aspects of the complex molecular pathology of prostate cancer
|
The cAMP phosphodiesterase-4D7 (PDE4D7) is downregulated in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells and mediates proliferation by compartmentalising cAMP at the plasma membrane of VCaP prostate cancer cells
|
the camp phosphodiesterase-4d7 (pde4d7) is downregulated in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells and mediates proliferation by compartmentalising camp at the plasma membrane of vcap prostate cancer cells
|
isoforms camp phosphodiesterases pdes manner underpinning paradigm intracellular camp compartmentalisation. isoform prostate progression uncover controlling prostate proliferation. transcripts prostate xenografts quantified qpcr. downregulation androgen androgen insensitive samples. blot immunofluorescent staining camp responsive fret assays localisation vcap lines. disruption localisation sirna knockdown acts opposition proliferative signalling electrical impedance proliferation assays. isoform prostate progression. starkly downregulated samples. downregulation underscored contributes camp degrading tethered displacement compartment proliferation prostate cells. regulated androgen signalling overlapping genomic androgen responsive locates acts supress aberrant steroidal prostate metastasis. downregulated phenotypes. potentially androgen biomarker manipulation therapeutic possibilities insights contributory pathology prostate
|
exact_dup
|
[
"43291910"
] |
43307223
|
10.1007/s00418-015-1319-1
|
Osteocytes are the predominant cells in bone, where they form a cellular network and display important functions in bone homeostasis, phosphate metabolism and mechanical transduction. Several proteins strongly expressed by osteocytes are involved in these processes, e.g., sclerostin, DMP-1, PHEX, FGF23 and MEPE, while others are upregulated during differentiation of osteoblasts into osteocytes, e.g., osteocalcin and E11. The receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase µ (RPTPμ) has been described to be expressed in cells which display a cellular network, e.g., endothelial and neuronal cells, and is implied in mechanotransduction. In a capillary outgrowth assay using metatarsals derived from RPTPμ-knock-out/LacZ knock-in mice, we observed that the capillary structures grown out of the metatarsals were stained blue, as expected. Surprisingly, cells within the metatarsal bone tissue were positive for LacZ activity as well, indicating that RPTPμ is also expressed by osteocytes. Subsequent histochemical analysis showed that within bone, RPTPμ is expressed exclusively in early-stage osteocytes. Analysis of bone marrow cell cultures revealed that osteocytes are present in the nodules and an enzymatic assay enabled the quantification of the amount of osteocytes. No apparent bone phenotype was observed when tibiae of RPTPμ-knock-out/LacZ knock-in mice were analyzed by μCT at several time points during aging, although a significant reduction in cortical bone was observed in RPTPμ-knock-out/LacZ knock-in mice at 20 weeks. Changes in trabecular bone were more subtle. Our data show that RPTPμ is a new marker for osteocytes
|
Identification of receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase μ as a new marker for osteocytes
|
identification of receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase μ as a new marker for osteocytes
|
osteocytes predominant display homeostasis phosphate metabolism transduction. osteocytes e.g. sclerostin phex mepe upregulated osteoblasts osteocytes e.g. osteocalcin tyrosine phosphatase rptpμ display e.g. endothelial neuronal implied mechanotransduction. capillary outgrowth metatarsals rptpμ knock lacz knock capillary grown metatarsals stained expected. surprisingly metatarsal lacz rptpμ osteocytes. histochemical rptpμ exclusively osteocytes. marrow cultures osteocytes nodules enzymatic enabled quantification osteocytes. apparent phenotype tibiae rptpμ knock lacz knock aging cortical rptpμ knock lacz knock weeks. trabecular subtle. rptpμ marker osteocytes
|
exact_dup
|
[
"154413359"
] |
46776968
|
10.1016/j.nima.2007.07.100
|
11th Vienna Conference on Instrumentation (February 2007) , to appear in the Proceedings (NIM A)International audienceMicropattern Gaseous Detectors (MPGD), like Micromegas or GEM, are used or foreseen in particle physics experiments for which a very good spatial resolution is required. We have developed an experimental method to separate the contribution of the transverse diffusion and the multiplication process by varying the number of primary electrons generated by a point-like source. A pulsed nitrogen laser is focused by an optical set-up on the drift electrode which is made of a thin metal layer deposited on a quartz lamina. The number of primary electrons can be adjusted from a few to several thousands on a spot which transverse size is less than $100 \mu m$ RMS. The detector can be positioned with an accuracy of $1\mu m$ by a motorized three dimensional system. This method was applied to a small Micromegas detector with a gain set between $10^3$ and $2.10^4$ and an injection of 60 to 2000 photoelectrons. Spatial resolutions as small as $5\mu m$ were measured with 2000 primary electrons. An estimation of the upper limit of the relative gain variance can be obtained from the measurements
|
MPGD's spatial and energy resolution studies with an adjustable point-like electron source
|
mpgd's spatial and energy resolution studies with an adjustable point-like electron source
|
vienna instrumentation february audiencemicropattern gaseous detectors mpgd micromegas foreseen required. multiplication source. pulsed nitrogen focused drift electrode deposited quartz lamina. adjusted thousands spot rms. positioned motorized system. micromegas injection photoelectrons. resolutions electrons.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"152286753"
] |
47108128
|
10.1016/j.precamres.2006.11.014
|
International audienceHeat transfer processes before a major mineralizing event in the Paleoproterozoic continental crust of southern Ghana are the subject of a detailed regional thermal modelling study. The area of the Ashanti belt is the most mineralized for gold in West Africa, and it is believed that prior to the main gold mineralization event, crustal-scale thermal processes may have played a critical role in ore deposit formation. The thermal regime before and after the crustal shortening events that affected the region during the Eburnean orogeny (2130–1980 Ma) is calculated just before the main mineralization event which corresponds to late orogenic hydrothermal gold deposit formation. Measured thermal properties of lithological units are incorporated into the model, which is geometrically constrained by field studies. Computed pressure–temperature paths, compared to thermobarometric data, allow calibration of the model parameters. The temperature-dependence of thermal properties and the influence of compaction on vertically varying conductivities have been considered in the crustal-scale thermal modelling. The predictions from this model indicate that the most probable mantle heat flow value at this time in the region of the Ashanti belt is not, vert, similar30 mW m−2. Such a value is two to three times higher than present-day values below stable cratonic areas and could be considered as an upper limit in geodynamic models of the Paleoproterozoic mantle. This relatively high value might be related to the thermal input from a Paleoproterozoic mantle event such as a mantle plume, as previously suggested by several authors to explain metallogenic crises in West Africa. The P–T paths inferred from numerical modelling also allow discrimination between extreme geological scenarios. Indeed, the results of the modelling suggest that the basement is likely to be of continental rather than of oceanic type in the Ashanti area
|
Geological and thermal conditions before the major Palaeoproterozoic gold-mineralization event at Ashanti, Ghana, as inferred from improved thermal modelling
|
geological and thermal conditions before the major palaeoproterozoic gold-mineralization event at ashanti, ghana, as inferred from improved thermal modelling
|
audienceheat mineralizing paleoproterozoic continental crust southern ghana study. ashanti belt mineralized gold west africa believed gold mineralization crustal played deposit formation. crustal shortening eburnean orogeny mineralization orogenic hydrothermal gold deposit formation. lithological incorporated geometrically constrained studies. pressure–temperature paths thermobarometric calibration parameters. compaction vertically conductivities crustal modelling. probable mantle ashanti belt vert cratonic geodynamic paleoproterozoic mantle. paleoproterozoic mantle mantle plume metallogenic crises west africa. paths inferred discrimination extreme geological scenarios. basement continental oceanic ashanti
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52736872"
] |
47108833
|
10.1007/978-3-642-12197-5_38
|
International audienceSingle channel EEG systems are very useful in EEG based applications where real time processing, low computational complexity and low cumbersomeness are critical constrains. These include brain-computer interface and biofeedback devices and also some clinical applications such as EEG recording on babies or Alzheimer's disease recognition. In this paper we address the problem of eye blink artifacts detection in such systems. We study an algebraic approach based on numerical differentiation, which is recently introduced from operational calculus. The occurrence of an artifact is modeled as an irregularity which appears explicitly in the time (generalized) derivative of the EEG signal as a delay. Manipulating such delay is easy with the operational calculus and it leads to a simple joint detection and localization algorithm. While the algorithm is devised based on continuous-time arguments, the final implementation step is fully realized in a discrete-time context, using very classical discrete-time FIR filters. The proposed approach is compared with three other approaches: (1) the very basic threshold approach, (2) the approach that combines the use of median filter, matched filter and nonlinear energy operator (NEO) and (3) the wavelet based approach. Comparison is done on: (a) the artificially created signal where the eye activity is synthesized from real EEG recordings and (b) the real single channel EEG recordings from 32 different brain locations. Results are presented with Receiver Operating Characteristics curves. The results show that the proposed approach compares to the other approaches better or as good as, while having lower computational complexity with simple real time implementation. Comparison of the results on artificially created and real signal leads to conclusions that with detection techniques based on derivative estimation we are able to detect not only eye blink artifacts, but also any spike shaped artifact, even if it is very low in amplitude
|
An algebraic method for eye blink artifacts detection in single channel EEG recordings
|
an algebraic method for eye blink artifacts detection in single channel eeg recordings
|
audiencesingle cumbersomeness constrains. biofeedback devices recording babies alzheimer recognition. blink artifacts systems. algebraic operational calculus. occurrence artifact modeled irregularity explicitly delay. manipulating delay operational calculus localization algorithm. devised arguments realized filters. combines filter matched filter wavelet approach. artificially created synthesized recordings recordings locations. receiver operating curves. compares implementation. artificially created detect blink artifacts spike shaped artifact
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52197782",
"52786646",
"52907263"
] |
47291072
|
10.1007/978-3-662-43459-8_21
|
Part 5: Research in ProgressInternational audienceTelecommunications is increasingly vital to the society at large, and has become essential to business, academic, as well as social activities. Due to the necessity to have access to telecommunications, the deployment requires regulations and policy. Otherwise, the deployment of the infrastructures would contribute to environment, and human complexities rather than ease of use.However, the formulation of telecommunication infrastructure deployment regulation and policy involve agents such as people and processes. The roles of the agents are critical, and are not as easy as it meant to belief. This could be attributed to different factors, as they produce and reproduce themselves overtime.This paper presents the result of a study which focused on understanding how non-technical factors enable and constrain the development and implementation of telecommunications infrastructure sharing regulations. In the study, the interactions that take place amongst human and non-human agents were investigated. The study employed the duality of structure, of Structuration Theory as lens to understand the effectiveness of interactions in the formulation of regulations, and how policy is used to facilitate the deployment of telecommunications infrastructure in the South African environment
|
Human Interaction in the Regulatory of Telecommunications Infrastructure Deployment in South Africa
|
human interaction in the regulatory of telecommunications infrastructure deployment in south africa
|
progressinternational audiencetelecommunications increasingly vital academic activities. necessity telecommunications deployment regulations policy. deployment infrastructures complexities ease use.however formulation telecommunication infrastructure deployment involve processes. roles meant belief. attributed reproduce overtime.this presents focused enable constrain telecommunications infrastructure sharing regulations. amongst investigated. duality structuration lens effectiveness formulation regulations facilitate deployment telecommunications infrastructure african
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47326814"
] |
47295474
|
10.1063/1.3431269
|
International audienceThis article presents an imaging technique to locate a weak perturbation in a multiple scattering environment. We derive a formula to predict the spatio-temporal decorrelation of diffuse coda waves induced by an extra-scatterer. Locating this new defect is formulated as an inverse problem which is solved by a maximum likelihood approach. Using elastic waves in the 50-400~kHz frequency band, we recover the position of a millimetric hole drilled in a concrete sample with a precision of a few cm. Note that the size of the defect is comparable to the size of the myriads of heterogeneities constituting the sample
|
Locating a small change in a multiple scattering environment
|
locating a small change in a multiple scattering environment
|
audiencethis presents locate perturbation environment. derive predict spatio decorrelation diffuse coda extra scatterer. locating defect formulated solved likelihood approach. elastic recover millimetric drilled concrete precision defect comparable myriads heterogeneities constituting
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52454068",
"52737678"
] |
47308939
|
10.1016/j.epsl.2007.10.041
|
International audienceFourier transform infrared (FTIR) micro-analysis of pseudotachylytes (i.e. friction-induced melts produced by seismic slip) from the Nojima fault (Japan) reveals that earthquakes almost instantaneously expel 99 wt% of the wall rock CO2 content. Carbon is exsolved because it is upersaturated in the friction melts. By extrapolation to a crustal-scale fault rupture, large events such as the M7.2 Kobe earthquake (1995) may yield a total production of 1.8 to 3.4 × 103 tons CO2 within a few seconds. This extraordinary release of CO2 can cause a flash fluid pressure increase in the fault plane, and therefore enhance earthquake slip or trigger aftershocks; it may also explain the anomalous discharge of carbon monitored in nearby fault springs after large earthquakes. Because carbon saturation in silicate melts is pressure-dependent, FTIR can be used as a new tool to constrain the maximum depth of pseudotachylyte formation in exhumed faults
|
Earthquakes produce carbon dioxide in crustal faults
|
earthquakes produce carbon dioxide in crustal faults
|
audiencefourier transform infrared ftir micro pseudotachylytes i.e. friction melts seismic slip nojima fault reveals earthquakes instantaneously expel rock content. exsolved upersaturated friction melts. extrapolation crustal fault rupture kobe earthquake tons seconds. extraordinary flash fault enhance earthquake slip trigger aftershocks anomalous discharge monitored nearby fault springs earthquakes. saturation silicate melts ftir constrain pseudotachylyte exhumed faults
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52760537"
] |
47347532
|
10.1007/978-3-642-55355-4_31
|
Part 5: Modelling and SimulationInternational audienceThis paper proposes a dynamic comprehensive evaluation method based on three times weight. Firstly, this paper determines the index weight based on the twice stage difference driving features. Then it introduces the relative balance coefficient to calculate the comprehensive evaluation value. This method has the following characteristics: 1) The comprehensive evaluation result is totally based on the information provided by the evaluating indicator system, without the influence from subjective factors; 2) The results have direct comparability among different evaluation systems at each time; 3) Motivation or punishment are the characteristics of this method. This approach has been applied to an empirical study of the regional economic growth level during the years of 2001 and 2011. Finally this paper makes related suggestions to the economic development of eight domestic economic regions
|
Comparative Studies between the Regional Economic Growth Levels Based on the Three-Stage Weight Dynamic Comprehensive Evaluation
|
comparative studies between the regional economic growth levels based on the three-stage weight dynamic comprehensive evaluation
|
simulationinternational audiencethis proposes comprehensive weight. firstly determines twice driving features. introduces balance comprehensive value. comprehensive totally evaluating indicator subjective comparability motivation punishment method. suggestions eight domestic
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47307288"
] |
47347590
|
10.1007/978-3-642-55355-4_3
|
Part 1: Organizational Semiotics: Theory and ConceptsInternational audienceThe fuzzier domains of social life come into the scope of information science. Below a method is presented that deals with exception handling or also the long tail. It is based upon the Peirce inspired KiF-model. But this time the goal is not to describe procedures or to model elicitation processes, the goal is to develop meaningful sensors that at the same time structure the analysis of the problem and facilitates the access of a database filled with stories. The domain of application is the Dutch educational system
|
Quality of Service in the Long Tail: Narratives and the Exploitation of Soft Metadata
|
quality of service in the long tail: narratives and the exploitation of soft metadata
|
organizational semiotics conceptsinternational audiencethe fuzzier come scope science. deals exception handling tail. peirce inspired model. goal elicitation goal meaningful sensors facilitates filled stories. dutch educational
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47307347"
] |
47349530
|
10.1007/978-3-642-29063-3_18
|
International audienceUrban fabric characterization is very useful in urban design, planning, modeling and simulation. It is traditionally considered as a descriptive task mainly based on visual inspection of urban plans. Cartographic databases and geographic information systems (GIS) capabilities make possible the analytical formalization of this issue. This paper proposes a renewed approach to characterize urban fabrics using buildings' footprints data. This characterization method handles both architectural form and urban open space morphology since urban space can be intuitively and simply divided into built-up areas (buildings) and non-built-up areas (open spaces). First, we propose to build a mesh of the open space (a morphologic tessellation) and then we formalize relevant urban morphology properties and translate them into a set of indicators (using some common-used indispensable indicators and proposing a new formulation or generalization of a few others). This first step produces a highly dimensional data set for each footprint characterizing both the building and its surrounding open space. This data set is then reduced and classified using a spatial clustering process, the self-organizing maps in this case. Our method only requires buildings' footprints as input data. It can be applied on huge datasets and is independent from urban contexts. The results show that the classification produced is more faithful to ground truth (highlighting the variety of urban morpho-logic structures) than traditional descriptive characterizations generally lacking open space properties
|
Towards Urban Fabrics Characterization Based on Buildings Footprints
|
towards urban fabrics characterization based on buildings footprints
|
audienceurban fabric planning simulation. traditionally descriptive inspection plans. cartographic databases geographic capabilities formalization issue. proposes renewed characterize fabrics buildings footprints data. handles architectural morphology intuitively divided built buildings built propose build mesh morphologic tessellation formalize morphology translate indicators indispensable indicators proposing formulation generalization produces footprint characterizing surrounding space. classified clustering organizing case. buildings footprints data. huge datasets contexts. faithful truth highlighting morpho logic traditional descriptive characterizations lacking
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exact_dup
|
[
"47309228",
"51931604"
] |
47359187
|
10.1007/978-3-662-45708-5_2
|
Part 1: IS/IT Implementation and AppropriationInternational audienceInformation Systems (IS) are omnipresent in today’s organizations. While much research has been performed on adoption, implementation, and use of IS, still many practitioners are faced with IS change endeavors in organizations that equal “death march” projects and fail before or directly after go-live. Research with a positivist stance has thoroughly studied factors that describe individuals’ intentions to adopt or use technology, while largely ignoring social and organizational contexts. Researchers with a constructivist view, on the other hand, have studied how social processes and structures change or emerge in the light of the new IS. We suggest that there is a need to combine what we know from these two streams in an attempt to clarify terminological bafflement that seems to be caused by the different philosophical stances. Our paper contributes by suggesting a framework and methodology for collecting and re-assembling scattered conceptual pieces of organizational and individual IT adoption and integrating them into a coherent understanding
|
Adopt, Adapt, Enact or Use?
|
adopt, adapt, enact or use?
|
appropriationinternational audienceinformation omnipresent today’s organizations. adoption practitioners faced endeavors organizations “death march” projects fail live. positivist stance thoroughly individuals’ intentions adopt largely ignoring organizational contexts. researchers constructivist emerge combine streams attempt clarify terminological bafflement philosophical stances. contributes methodology collecting assembling scattered conceptual pieces organizational adoption integrating coherent
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exact_dup
|
[
"47316654"
] |
47367692
|
10.1002/int.20275
|
International audienceProx is a stochastic method to map the local and global structures of real-world complex networks which are called Small Worlds. Prox transforms a graph into a Markov chain, the states of which are the nodes of the graph in question. Particles wander from one node to another within the graph by following the graph " s edges. It is the dynamics of the particles " trajectories that map the structural properties of the graphs that are studied. Concrete examples are presented in a graph of synonyms to illustrate this approach
|
Mapping the forms of meaning in small worlds
|
mapping the forms of meaning in small worlds
|
audienceprox stochastic worlds. prox transforms markov question. wander edges. trajectories studied. concrete synonyms illustrate
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exact_dup
|
[
"47324047",
"50530755"
] |
47368085
|
10.1007/978-3-319-44412-3_2
|
International audienceThe SIFT framework has shown to be effective in the image classification context. In [4], we designed a Bag-of-Words approach based on an adaptation of this framework to time series classification. It relies on two steps: SIFT-based features are first extracted and quantized into words; histograms of occurrences of each word are then fed into a classifier. In this paper, we investigate techniques to improve the performance of Bag-of-Temporal-SIFT-Words: dense extraction of keypoints and different normalizations of Bag-of-Words histograms. Extensive experiments show that our method significantly outperforms nearly all tested standalone baseline classifiers on publicly available UCR datasets
|
Dense Bag-of-Temporal-SIFT-Words for Time Series Classification
|
dense bag-of-temporal-sift-words for time series classification
|
audiencethe sift context. adaptation classification. relies sift quantized histograms occurrences word classifier. sift dense extraction keypoints normalizations histograms. extensive outperforms nearly standalone classifiers publicly datasets
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48153201",
"52836803",
"52992655"
] |
47778265
|
10.1080/09645292.2011.561630
|
International audienceModelling students' behaviour in relation to tuition fees is a complex task since students' "talent" is not common knowledge. Students observe a private noisy signal of their abilities, while university receives noisy information based on the quantitative and qualitative data provided by university applicants. In this article, we add the heterogeneity of the population to this model: we assume that this heterogeneity means that the perception of skills among a part of the population is biased and underestimates the capabilities of its members to succeed in the higher education system. Our conclusions differ from those derived in the literature and show in particular that the optimal tuition fees for a given number of students are lower than those obtained for a homogeneous population
|
Tuition fees, self-esteem and social heterogeneity
|
tuition fees, self-esteem and social heterogeneity
|
audiencemodelling tuition fees talent knowledge. private noisy abilities receives noisy qualitative applicants. heterogeneity heterogeneity perception skills biased underestimates capabilities succeed system. tuition fees homogeneous
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47741401",
"51444204",
"52826634"
] |
47803765
|
10.1016/j.irle.2009.09.004
|
International audienceThis paper develops a regulatory competition model to study whether and how refugee law should be centralized, and what are the consequences for refugees and for host countries. Varying refugee flows across countries lead some destinations to adopt strict measures. The resulting externality leads to a generalized “race to the bottom” of asylum law. Neither fixed nor minimum standard harmonization are found to be in the interest of both host countries. Especially the most popular destinations like EU border countries would suffer from losing discretion. However, minimum standards would benefit refugees and less popular destinations
|
Optimal discretion in asylum lawmaking
|
optimal discretion in asylum lawmaking
|
audiencethis develops regulatory competition refugee centralized consequences refugees countries. refugee flows destinations adopt strict measures. externality “race bottom” asylum law. neither harmonization countries. popular destinations border suffer losing discretion. standards benefit refugees popular destinations
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47840087",
"54044354"
] |
48149544
|
10.1016/j.jss.2016.02.027
|
International audienceModern component frameworks support continuous deployment and simultaneous execution of multiple software components on top of the same virtual machine. However , isolation between the various components is limited. A faulty version of any one of the software components can compromise the whole system by consuming all available resources. In this paper, we address the problem of efficiently identifying faulty software components running simultaneously in a single virtual machine. Current solutions that perform permanent and extensive monitoring to detect anomalies induce high overhead on the system, and can, by themselves, make the system unstable. In this paper we present an optimistic adaptive monitoring system to determine the faulty components of an application. Suspected components are finely analyzed by the monitoring system, but only when required. Unsuspected components are left untouched and execute normally. Thus, we perform localized just-in-time monitoring that decreases the accumulated overhead of the monitoring system. We evaluate our approach on two case studies against a state-of-the-art monitoring system and show that our technique correctly detects faulty components, while reducing overhead by an average of 93%
|
ScapeGoat: Spotting abnormal resource usage in component-based reconfigurable software systems
|
scapegoat: spotting abnormal resource usage in component-based reconfigurable software systems
|
audiencemodern frameworks deployment simultaneous execution virtual machine. isolation limited. faulty compromise consuming resources. efficiently identifying faulty running simultaneously virtual machine. permanent extensive detect anomalies induce overhead unstable. optimistic adaptive faulty application. suspected finely required. unsuspected untouched execute normally. localized accumulated overhead system. correctly detects faulty reducing overhead
|
exact_dup
|
[
"51210182"
] |
48218689
|
10.1016/b.ipi.2012.09.012
|
11 pagesInternational audienceIn this paper we consider the class of anti-uniform Huffman (AUH) codes for sources with infinite alphabet generated by geometric distribution. Huffman encoding of these sources results in AUH codes. As a result of this encoding, we obtain sources with memory. The entropy and average cost of these sources with memory are derived. We perform an analogy between sources with memory and discrete memoryless channels, showing that the entropy of the source with memory is similar to the mean error of the discrete memoryless channel. The information quantity I(X,S) specifies for AUH codes whether they are with memory or not, as it differs from zero or is equal to zero, respectively
|
INFINITE ANTI - UNIFORM SOURCES WITH GEOMETRIC DISTRIBUTION
|
infinite anti - uniform sources with geometric distribution
|
pagesinternational audiencein huffman codes infinite alphabet geometric distribution. huffman encoding codes. encoding memory. derived. analogy memoryless memoryless channel. quantity specifies codes differs
|
exact_dup
|
[
"53008144"
] |
48267008
|
10.1007/11549345_17
|
Short version of hal-00149109. The original publication is available at www.springerlink.com.International audienceLinearly bounded Turing machines have been mainly studied as acceptors for context-sensitive languages. We define a natural family of canonical infinite automata representing their observable computational behavior, called linearly bounded graphs. These automata naturally accept the same languages as the linearly bounded machines defining them. We present some of their structural properties as well as alternative characterizations in terms of rewriting systems and context-sensitive transductions. Finally, we compare these graphs to rational graphs, which are another family of automata accepting the context-sensitive languages, and prove that in the bounded-degree case, rational graphs are a strict sub-family of linearly bounded graphs
|
Linearly Bounded Infinite Graphs
|
linearly bounded infinite graphs
|
publication .international audiencelinearly turing machines acceptors languages. canonical infinite automata representing observable linearly graphs. automata naturally accept languages linearly machines defining them. characterizations rewriting transductions. rational automata accepting languages rational strict linearly
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47121187"
] |
48267778
|
10.1007/s00440-007-0128-4
|
International audienceIn this paper, we consider nonlinear diffusion processes driven by space-time white noises, which have an interpretation in terms of partial differential equations. For a specific choice of coefficients, they correspond to the Landau equation arising in kinetic theory. A particular feature is that the diffusion matrix of this process is a linear function the law of the process, and not a quadratic one, as in the McKean-Vlasov model. The main goal of the paper is to construct an easily simulable diffusive interacting particle system, converging towards this nonlinear process and to obtain an explicit pathwise rate. This requires to find a significant coupling between finitely many Brownian motions and the infinite dimensional white noise process. The key idea will be to construct the right Brownian motions by pushing forward the white noise processes, through the Brenier map realizing the optimal transport between the law of the nonlinear process, and the empirical measure of independent copies of it. A striking problem then is to establish the joint measurability of this optimal transport map with respect to the space variable and the parameters (time and randomness) making the marginals vary. We shall prove a general measurability result for the mass transportation problem in terms of the support of the transfert plans, in the sense of set-valued mappings. This will allow us to construct the coupling and to obtain explicit convergence rates
|
Measurability of optimal transportation and convergence rate for Landau type interacting particle systems
|
measurability of optimal transportation and convergence rate for landau type interacting particle systems
|
audiencein noises equations. landau arising theory. quadratic mckean vlasov model. goal simulable diffusive interacting converging pathwise rate. finitely brownian motions infinite process. brownian motions pushing brenier realizing copies striking establish measurability randomness marginals vary. measurability transportation transfert plans valued mappings.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52913196"
] |
49281145
|
10.1016/j.nima.2014.11.042
|
International audienceA Compton camera is being developed for the purpose of ion-range monitoring during hadrontherapy via the detection of prompt-gamma rays. The system consists of a scintillating fiber beam tagging hodoscope, a stack of double sided silicon strip detectors (90 Â 90 Â 2 mm 3 , 2 Â 64 strips) as scatter detectors, as well as bismuth germanate (BGO) scintillation detectors (38 Â 35 Â 30 mm 3 , 100 blocks) as absorbers. The individual components will be described, together with the status of their characterization
|
Development of a Compton camera for medical applications based on silicon strip and scintillation detectors
|
development of a compton camera for medical applications based on silicon strip and scintillation detectors
|
audiencea compton camera hadrontherapy prompt gamma rays. scintillating fiber tagging hodoscope stack sided silicon strip detectors strips scatter detectors bismuth germanate scintillation detectors blocks absorbers.
|
exact_dup
|
[
"46757221",
"52435522"
] |
50616580
|
10.1016/j.aca.2012.01.052
|
Astatine is a rare radioelement belonging to the halogen group. Considering the trace amounts of astatine produced in cyclotrons, its chemistry cannot be evaluated by spectroscopic tools. Analytical tools, provided that they are coupled with a radioactive detection system, may be an alternative way to study its chemistry. In this research work, High Performance Anion Exchange Chromatography (HPAEC) coupled to a gamma detector (γ) was used to evaluate astatine species under reducing conditions. Also, to strengthen the reliability of the experiments, a quantitative analysis using a reactive transport model has been done. The results confirm the existence of one species bearing one negative charge in the pH range 27.5. With respect to the other halogens, its behavior indicates the existence of negative ion, astatide At-. The methodology was successfully applied to the speciation of the astatine in human serum. Under fixed experimental conditions (pH 7.47.5 and redox potential of 250 mV) astatine exists mainly as astatide At- and does not interact with the major serum components. Also, the method might be useful for the in vitro stability assessment of 211At-labelled molecules potentially applicable in nuclear medicine
|
Characterization of At- species in simple and biological media by high performance anion exchange chromatography coupled to gamma detector.
|
characterization of at- species in simple and biological media by high performance anion exchange chromatography coupled to gamma detector.
|
astatine rare radioelement belonging halogen group. trace amounts astatine cyclotrons spectroscopic tools. radioactive chemistry. anion chromatography hpaec gamma astatine reducing conditions. strengthen reliability reactive done. confirm bearing halogens astatide methodology successfully speciation astatine serum. redox astatine astatide interact components. labelled potentially applicable
|
exact_dup
|
[
"46765450",
"53009232"
] |
51225960
|
10.1016/j.conengprac.2013.09.013
|
International audienceA combined nonlinear longitudinal and lateral vehicle control is investigated. Flatness-based nonlinear control and new algebraic estimation techniques for noise removal and numerical differentiation are the main theoretical tools. An accurate automatic path-tracking via vehicle steering angle and driving/braking wheel torque is thus ensured. It combines the control of the lateral and longitudinal motions in order to track straight or curved trajectories and to perform a combined lane-keeping and steering control during critical driving situations such as obstacle avoidance, stop-and-go control, lane-change maneuvers or any other maneuvers. Promising results have been obtained with noisy experimental data, which were acquired by a laboratory vehicle with high dynamic loads and high lateral accelerations
|
Coupled nonlinear vehicle control: Flatness-based setting with algebraic estimation techniques
|
coupled nonlinear vehicle control: flatness-based setting with algebraic estimation techniques
|
audiencea longitudinal lateral vehicle investigated. flatness algebraic removal tools. automatic tracking vehicle steering driving braking wheel torque ensured. combines lateral longitudinal motions track straight curved trajectories lane keeping steering driving situations obstacle avoidance stop lane maneuvers maneuvers. promising noisy acquired vehicle loads lateral accelerations
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52901491"
] |
51441676
|
10.1051/m2an/2010068
|
International audienceCell-centered and vertex-centered finite volume schemes for the Laplace equation with homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions are considered on a triangular mesh and on the Voronoi diagram associated to its vertices. A broken $P^1$ function is constructed from the solutions of both schemes. When the domain is two-dimensional polygonal convex, it is shown that this reconstruction converges with second-order accuracy towards the exact solution in the~$L^2$ norm, under the sufficient condition that the right-hand side of the Laplace equation belongs to~$H^1(\Omega)$
|
On the second-order convergence of a function reconstructed from finite volume approximations of the Laplace equation on Delaunay-Voronoi meshes
|
on the second-order convergence of a function reconstructed from finite volume approximations of the laplace equation on delaunay-voronoi meshes
|
audiencecell centered centered schemes laplace homogeneous dirichlet triangular mesh voronoi vertices. broken schemes. polygonal convex reconstruction converges norm laplace belongs omega
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52677335"
] |
51948615
|
10.1063/1.3064135
|
International audienceIn this letter, we show efficient electrical spin injection into a SiGe based p-i-n light emitting diode from the remanent state of a perpendicularly magnetized ferromagnetic contact. Electron spin injection is carried out through an alumina tunnel barrier from a Co/Pt thin film exhibiting a strong out-of-plane anisotropy. The electron spin polarization is then analyzed through the circular polarization of emitted light. All the light polarization measurements are performed without an external applied magnetic field, i.e., in remanent magnetic states. The light polarization as a function of the magnetic field closely traces the out-of-plane magnetization of the Co/Pt injector. We could achieve a circular polarization degree of the emitted light of 3% at 5 K. Moreover this light polarization remains almost constant at least up to 200 K
|
Spin injection in silicon at zero magnetic field
|
spin injection in silicon at zero magnetic field
|
audiencein letter electrical injection sige emitting diode remanent perpendicularly magnetized ferromagnetic contact. injection alumina tunnel barrier film exhibiting anisotropy. circular emitted light. i.e. remanent states. closely traces magnetization injector. circular emitted
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52680070"
] |
51954814
|
10.1016/j.diamond.2009.04.008
|
International audienceSeveral 65 μm thick epitaxial diamond films prepared on (100) Ib substrates by high power pulsed microwave plasma assisted chemical vapour deposition (HP-MPCVD) are studied as a function of surface treatments by cathodoluminescence (CL) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopies. They are either asgrown, or polished, or etched by a microwave oxygen plasma, or after applying subsequently the two last processes. In CL spectra, bands due to defects occur at 2.3 eV, 3.07 eV, 3.7 eV and 4.7 eV, the last one being specific of polished surfaces, with nearly no contrast in the luminescence image. A fundamental result consists in demonstrating that the defects induced by polishing can be removed by oxygen plasma etching. Additionally, in order to assess how luminescence spectra originate from a peculiar depth or not, a bevelled sample is studied. PL spectra are acquired on the sample side while CL spectra are measured at several points on the bevel top side till to the Ib substrate. Comparison of the two sets of result show that the H3 signal originates from the Ib substrate even if it is present in the CL spectra of the film. An analysis of the change in the intensity of the TO free exciton line, defect bands and H3 signal, along decreasing photon energies, as a function of the thickness of the remaining HP-PMPCVD film, is performed with the help of a model taking the diffusion of the unrecombined excitonic pairs and the re-excited photoluminescence into account. CL images recorded at specific wavelengths, which do not show inverted contrast, are also assessed. From these data, the exciton diffusion length is evaluated to 11 μm in the major part of the epitaxial layer except for the first 20 μm close to the Ib substrate where it decreases down to 2 μm. This study sheds light on the interpretation of luminescence spectra excited by an electron beam in undoped diamond layers. Defects bands due to damages induced by polishing and etching processes are also documented
|
Defect analysis and excitons diffusion in undoped homoepitaxial diamond films after polishing and oxygen plasma etching
|
defect analysis and excitons diffusion in undoped homoepitaxial diamond films after polishing and oxygen plasma etching
|
audienceseveral thick epitaxial diamond films substrates pulsed microwave assisted vapour deposition mpcvd treatments cathodoluminescence photoluminescence spectroscopies. asgrown polished etched microwave subsequently processes. defects polished nearly luminescence image. demonstrating defects polishing removed etching. additionally luminescence originate peculiar bevelled studied. acquired bevel till substrate. originates film. exciton defect decreasing pmpcvd film unrecombined excitonic excited photoluminescence account. wavelengths inverted assessed. exciton epitaxial sheds luminescence excited undoped diamond layers. defects damages polishing etching documented
|
exact_dup
|
[
"51442406"
] |
52051428
|
10.1016/j.aquaculture.2011.03.016
|
The effect of water treatment and flow rate on young Atlantic cod juveniles was investigated in a 36-days experiment. Four different flow rates (10, 20, 40, and 70 times the effective tank volume per day) were set up in triplicate tanks within each of three rigs with recirculated, UV-radiated, and untreated water, respectively. Each of the 36 tanks was stocked with 200 weaned cod juveniles at a mean weight of 0.048 g. Fish mortality was recorded daily in all tanks, and growth (wet weight) was determined at the end of the experiment. The microflora in the rearing water was investigated by means of PCR-DGGE and flow cytometry. Observed mortality was significantly higher at low flow rates while otherwise unexplained mortality (presumed to be due to cannibalism) was lowest in the recirculation system. No correlation was found between survival and growth. Growth was significantly affected by both water exchange rate and treatment, as the juveniles from high flow rates and the UV-treatment showed elevated growth rates. Both growth and survival scaled in accordance with metabolic factors like oxygen saturation and unionized ammonia. Bacterial concentrations increased in all tanks and treatment from the beginning of the experiment to the end. The UV-treated and untreated water started at typical seawater concentrations (0.5−1 × 10'raised to the sixth power' mLˉ¹) and increased five to tenfold during the experiment. The recycled water tanks started with bacterial concentrations 2–5 times higher than the UV- and untreated experiments at the time of fish transfer, and ended up with 10 times higher concentrations in the end. Cluster analysis of the DGGE profiles separated the recirculation tanks, including the respective inlet water, from the flow-through systems, with one exception (the highest flow rate). Eighty-five% of the sequences clustered within the Gammaproteobacteria, further divided into four distinct clusters. One of the clusters was only detected in the recirculation system, and showed highest affiliation to bacteria belonging to the Alteromonas/Pseudoalteromonas genera. In contrast, bacteria belonging to the family Vibrionaceae were detected in the flow-through systems
|
Water quality and microbial community structure in juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) cultures
|
water quality and microbial community structure in juvenile atlantic cod (gadus morhua l.) cultures
|
atlantic juveniles experiment. tank triplicate tanks rigs recirculated radiated untreated respectively. tanks stocked weaned juveniles fish tanks experiment. microflora rearing dgge cytometry. unexplained presumed cannibalism recirculation system. growth. juveniles elevated rates. scaled accordance metabolic saturation unionized ammonia. bacterial tanks beginning end. untreated started seawater raised sixth mlˉ¹ tenfold experiment. recycled tanks started bacterial untreated fish ended end. dgge separated recirculation tanks respective inlet exception eighty clustered gammaproteobacteria divided clusters. recirculation affiliation bacteria belonging alteromonas pseudoalteromonas genera. bacteria belonging vibrionaceae
|
exact_dup
|
[
"30846485",
"30853592",
"52047502"
] |
52114611
|
10.1007/s10096-014-2269-6
|
This article is published with open access at Springerlink.comn several studies on patients with bloodstream infection (BSI), prior use of statins has been associated with improved survival. Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria alert the innate immune system in different ways. We, therefore, studied whether the relation between prior statin use and 90-day total mortality differed between Gram-positive and Gram-negative BSI. We conducted a prospective observational cohort study of 1,408 adults with BSI admitted to Levanger Hospital between January 1, 2002, and December 31, 2011. Data on the use of statins and other medications at admission, comorbidities, functional status, treatment, and outcome were obtained from the patients’ hospital records. The relation of statin use with 90-day mortality differed between Gram-negative and Gram-positive BSI (p-value for interaction 0.01). Among patients with Gram-negative BSI, statin users had significantly lower 90-day total mortality [odds ratio (OR) 0.42, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.23–0.75, p = 0.003]. The association remained essentially unchanged after adjusting for the effect of sex, age, functional status before the infection, and underlying diseases that were considered confounders (adjusted OR 0.38, 95 % CI 0.20–0.72, p = 0.003). A similar analysis of patients with Gram-positive BSI showed no association of statin use with mortality (adjusted OR 1.22, 95 % CI 0.69–2.17, p = 0.49). The present study suggests that prior statin use is associated with a lower 90-day total mortality in Gram-negative BSI, but not in Gram-positive BSI
|
Prior statin use and 90-day mortality in Gram-negative and Gram-positive bloodstream infection: a prospective observational study
|
prior statin use and 90-day mortality in gram-negative and gram-positive bloodstream infection: a prospective observational study
|
bloodstream statins survival. gram gram bacteria alert innate immune ways. statin differed gram gram bsi. prospective observational cohort adults admitted levanger december statins medications admission comorbidities patients’ records. statin differed gram gram gram statin odds confidence remained essentially unchanged adjusting confounders adjusted gram statin adjusted statin gram gram
|
exact_dup
|
[
"30862421"
] |
52129346
|
10.1080/21635781.2014.995248
|
I Brage finner du siste tekst-versjon av artikkelen, og den kan inneholde ubetydelige forskjeller fra forlagets pdf-versjon. Forlagets pdf-versjon finner du på tandfonline.com: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21635781.2014.995248 , In Brage you'll find the final text version of the article, and it may contain insignificant differences from the journal's pdf version. The definitive version is available at tandfonline.com: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21635781.2014.995248This study examined the mediating role of disinhibition (sensation seeking) on the positive association between performance goal orientation (achievement motivation) and risk of sustaining injury. Our study comprised 248 cadets from three military academies. In support of our hypotheses, we found a positive relationship between performance goal orientation and risk of sustaining injury and that this relationship was mediated by disinhibition. This finding contributes to the extant achievement goal theory literature by demonstrating a mechanism through which performance orientation relates to the likelihood of sustaining an injury. Theoretical and practical implications and directions for future research are discussed.Seksjon for kultur og samfunn / Department of Cultural and Social Studie
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Performance orientation and injury among military cadets: the mediating role of disinhibition
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performance orientation and injury among military cadets: the mediating role of disinhibition
|
brage finner siste tekst versjon artikkelen inneholde ubetydelige forskjeller forlagets versjon. forlagets versjon finner brage insignificant version. definitive mediating disinhibition sensation seeking goal achievement motivation sustaining injury. comprised cadets military academies. hypotheses goal sustaining injury disinhibition. contributes extant achievement goal demonstrating relates likelihood sustaining injury. practical directions ksjon kultur samfunn cultural studie
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exact_dup
|
[
"154668280"
] |
52171511
|
10.1007/s00453-016-0215-y
|
For a set H of graphs, the H-free Edge Deletion problem is to decide whether there exist at most k edges in the input graph, for some k∈N, whose deletion results in a graph without an induced copy of any of the graphs in H . The problem is known to be fixed-parameter tractable if H is of finite cardinality. In this paper, we present a polynomial kernel for this problem for any fixed finite set H of connected graphs for the case where the input graphs are of bounded degree. We use a single kernelization rule which deletes vertices ‘far away’ from the induced copies of every H∈H in the input graph. With a slightly modified kernelization rule, we obtain polynomial kernels for H-free Edge Deletion under the following three settings
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On Polynomial Kernelization of H-free Edge Deletion
|
on polynomial kernelization of h-free edge deletion
|
deletion decide deletion copy tractable cardinality. kernel degree. kernelization deletes ‘far away’ copies graph. kernelization kernels deletion settings
|
exact_dup
|
[
"80948166"
] |
52193287
|
10.1007/s12026-014-8580-6
|
International audienceGuillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute, autoimmune inflammatory disorder of peripheral nervous system characterized by a severe functional motor weakness. Treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) is one of the approved and preferred therapeutic strategies for GBS. However, the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic benefit with IVIg in GBS are not completely understood. In the present study, we observed that GBS patients have increased frequencies of Th1 and Th17 cells, but reduced number of Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Treg cells) with defective functions. We show that IVIg treatment in GBS patients results in a marked reduction in the frequency of Th1 and Th17 cells with a concomitant expansion of Treg cells. Importantly, IVIg-expanded Treg cells exhibited an increased T cell suppressive function. Together our results demonstrate that therapeutic benefit of IVIg in GBS patients implicates the reciprocal regulation of Th1/Th17 and Treg cells
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Intravenous immunoglobulin exerts reciprocal regulation of Th1/Th17 cells and regulatory T cells in Guillain-Barré syndrome patients
|
intravenous immunoglobulin exerts reciprocal regulation of th1/th17 cells and regulatory t cells in guillain-barré syndrome patients
|
audienceguillain barré syndrome autoimmune inflammatory disorder peripheral nervous motor weakness. intravenous immunoglobulin ivig approved preferred therapeutic gbs. therapeutic benefit ivig understood. foxp regulatory treg defective functions. ivig marked concomitant treg cells. importantly ivig expanded treg exhibited suppressive function. therapeutic benefit ivig implicates reciprocal treg
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exact_dup
|
[
"47091101"
] |
52420960
|
10.1006/jpho.1996.0006
|
International audiencePrevious studies on lingual movements in speech have led to the assumption that the tongue can be divided into a small number of functional blocks. This work was aimed at finding out whether subdivision into independent components may also be observed in patterns of tongue-palate contacts, as revealed by electropalatography (EPG). An attempt was made to reduce EPG data to a small number of articulatorily relevant parameters in an empirical way, and to model the configuration of the linguo-palatal contacts in speech as a combination of these parameters. Our corpus was composed of ten natural sentences recorded by two female native speakers of French. EPG data reduction was first performed by a feedforward multilayer neural network, and then by factor analysis. The results showed that variation in the tongue-palate contact pattern mainly occurred along two dimensions, related to lingual contacts in (1) the alveolar region, and (2) the palatal region, respectively. These results were consistent for both subjects, and provided evidence for the hypothesis that the tongue tip/blade and the tongue dorsum are two independently controllable articulators. In a second step, potential applications of this empirical model to studies of coarticulation and timing are illustrated through a pilot investigation of /kl/ clusters. Finally, implications of our work for a comprehensive model of tongue movements are discussed
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Modeling tongue-palate contact patterns in the production of speech
|
modeling tongue-palate contact patterns in the production of speech
|
audienceprevious lingual movements speech tongue divided blocks. aimed subdivision tongue palate contacts electropalatography attempt articulatorily linguo palatal contacts speech parameters. corpus composed sentences native speakers french. feedforward multilayer analysis. tongue palate occurred lingual contacts alveolar palatal respectively. tongue blade tongue dorsum independently controllable articulators. coarticulation timing illustrated pilot clusters. comprehensive tongue movements
|
exact_dup
|
[
"56717669"
] |
52439626
|
10.1080/10548408.2013.810999
|
International audienceEmotions have been shown to play an important role in consumers' evaluation of their consumption experiences, including extended multiple-encounter touristic ones. The present research investigates the emotions used in the evaluation of customers' experience at a ski resort and how these emotions drive customers' satisfaction. Two quantitative studies are conducted in the French Alps and the data analysed with descriptive statistics and structural equation modelling. The findings uncover the importance of three emotions - joy, excitement and peacefulness - and a strong mediating role of overall perceived value between consumption emotions and satisfaction. Emotions related to "surprise" play no significant role in the evaluation of the ski resort experience. The present findings suggest that managers should focus on staging customers' stay at the resort to stimulate an emotional experience and position their packages based on the promise of such emotional experiences
|
Emotions' Impact on Tourists' Satisfaction with Ski Resorts. The Mediating Role of Perceived Value
|
emotions' impact on tourists' satisfaction with ski resorts. the mediating role of perceived value
|
audienceemotions consumers experiences encounter touristic ones. investigates emotions customers resort emotions drive customers satisfaction. french alps analysed descriptive modelling. uncover emotions excitement peacefulness mediating perceived emotions satisfaction. emotions surprise resort experience. managers staging customers stay resort stimulate emotional packages promise emotional experiences
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47280464",
"51958400"
] |
52444167
|
10.1016/S0045-6535(97)00358-5
|
International audienceIn the laboratory, marine worms were fed with a mixture of algae and several aliphatic hydrocarbons for 15 days. By comparing hydrocarbons in food and in faeces, it appeared that the worm's digestive process led to changes in the distribution of the n-alkanes mixture. These changes were different from those only due to physical processes in the experimental conditions, indicating that marine worm feeding could substantially affect the fate of hydrocarbons in the sedimentary marine ecosystem
|
Changes in aliphatic hydrocarbon tracer composition during the digestive process of the marine worm Nereis virens. Preliminary results
|
changes in aliphatic hydrocarbon tracer composition during the digestive process of the marine worm nereis virens. preliminary results
|
audiencein marine worms mixture algae aliphatic hydrocarbons days. hydrocarbons faeces appeared worm digestive alkanes mixture. marine worm feeding substantially fate hydrocarbons sedimentary marine ecosystem
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52726997"
] |
52447662
|
10.1007/s10115-012-0516-7
|
International audienceIn this paper, we address the problem of domain adaptation for binary classification. This problem arises when the distributions generating the source learning data and target test data are somewhat different. From a theoretical standpoint, a classifier has better generalization guarantees when the two domain marginal distributions of the input space are close. Classical approaches try mainly to build new projection spaces or to reweight the source data with the objective of moving closer the two distributions. We study an original direction based on a recent framework introduced by Balcan et al. enabling one to learn linear classifiers in an explicit projection space based on a similarity function, not necessarily symmetric nor positive semi-definite. We propose a well founded general method for learning a low-error classifier on target data which is effective with the help of an iterative procedure compatible with Balcan et al.'s framework. A reweighting scheme of the similarity function is then introduced in order to move closer the distri- butions in a new projection space. The hyperparameters and the reweighting quality are controlled by a reverse validation procedure. Our approach is based on a linear programming formulation and shows good adaptation performances with very sparse models. We first consider the challenging unsupervised case where no target label is accessible, which can be helpful when no manual annotation is possible. We also propose a generalization to the semi-supervised case allowing us to consider some few target labels when available. Finally, we evaluate our method on a synthetic problem and on a real image annotation task
|
Parsimonious Unsupervised and Semi-Supervised Domain Adaptation with Good Similarity Functions
|
parsimonious unsupervised and semi-supervised domain adaptation with good similarity functions
|
audiencein adaptation classification. arises generating somewhat different. standpoint classifier generalization guarantees marginal close. build projection reweight moving closer distributions. balcan enabling learn classifiers projection similarity necessarily definite. propose founded classifier iterative compatible balcan framework. reweighting similarity move closer distri butions projection space. hyperparameters reweighting reverse validation procedure. programming formulation adaptation performances sparse models. challenging unsupervised label accessible helpful manual annotation possible. propose generalization supervised allowing labels available. synthetic annotation
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52650390"
] |
52468482
|
10.1016/j.nima.2006.10.315
|
A paraître dans NIMInternational audienceExperiments on high flux and high brilliance 3rd generation synchrotron X-ray sources are now limited by detector performance. Photon counting hybrid pixel detectors are being investigated as a solution to improve the dynamic range and the readout speed of the available 2D detectors. The XPAD2 is a large surface hybrid pixel detector (68 x 65 mm$^2$) with a dynamic response which ranges from 0.01 photons/pixel/s up to 10$^6$ photons/pixel/s. High resolution data have been recorded using the XPAD2. The comparison with data measured using a conventional setup shows a gain on measurement duration by a factor 20 and on dynamic range. A new generation of pixel detector (XPAD3) is presently under development. For this, a new electronic chip (the XPAD3) has been designed to improve spatial resolution by using 130 $\mu$m pixels and detector efficiency by using CdTe sensors. XPAD2 is also operated with PIXSCAN, a CT-scanner for mice
|
XPAD: A Photons Counting Pixel Detector for Material Sciences and Small Animal imaging
|
xpad: a photons counting pixel detector for material sciences and small animal imaging
|
paraître dans niminternational audienceexperiments brilliance synchrotron performance. counting hybrid pixel detectors readout detectors. xpad hybrid pixel ranges photons pixel photons pixel xpad setup range. pixel xpad presently development. chip xpad pixels cdte sensors. xpad operated pixscan scanner
|
exact_dup
|
[
"152323458"
] |
52616107
|
10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.05.012
|
International audienceOrganic compounds resulting from the decomposition of organic amendments are used in the remediation of trace element (TE) contaminated soils. The mobility, phytoavailability and soil exposure intensity of molybdenum (Mo), chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), Cobalt (Co) and Arsenic (As) were evaluated in the phytoremediation of contaminated technosols after the addition of two organic matter types, fresh ramial chipped wood (RCW) and composted sewage sludge (CSS). The experiment consisted of nine main treatment blocks: (A) 3X unamended soil (NE), (B) 3X soil amended with RCW and (C) 3X soil amended with mature CSS. Total dissolved TE concentrations were determined in soil pore water (SPW) sampled by Rhizon samplers. The soil exposure intensity was assessed by standard Chelex 100 DGT (diffusive gradient in thin films) probes. TE phytoavailability was characterized by growing dwarf beans on potted soils and analyzing their foliar TE concentrations. The results of the present study indicate that the addition of fresh RCW and CSS has a positive effect on contaminated technosols. RCW decreased the mobility of all the studied TE in the SPW, whereas CSS reduced the mobility of Mo, Cr and Co, while it increased the mobility of Zn, Cu and As compared with the NE soil.The Zn soil exposure intensity assessed by DGT was not significantly changed by the addition of RCW and CSS, while the Cr soil exposure intensity was significantly decreased after RCW addition compared with the soil treated with CSS and the NE soil. In contrast Cu and Co were non labile in the three soils. Both RCW and CSS decreased the foliar concentration and the mineral mass of Mo, Zn, Cr, As and Co in the bean leaves but increased the foliar Cu concentration
|
Effect of fresh and mature organic amendments on the phytoremediation of technosols contaminated with high concentrations of trace elements
|
effect of fresh and mature organic amendments on the phytoremediation of technosols contaminated with high concentrations of trace elements
|
audienceorganic decomposition amendments remediation trace contaminated soils. mobility phytoavailability molybdenum chromium zinc copper cobalt arsenic phytoremediation contaminated technosols fresh ramial chipped wood composted sewage sludge consisted nine blocks unamended amended amended mature css. dissolved pore sampled rhizon samplers. chelex diffusive films probes. phytoavailability growing dwarf beans potted soils analyzing foliar concentrations. fresh contaminated technosols. mobility mobility mobility soil.the changed soil. labile soils. foliar mineral bean leaves foliar
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52296271",
"52635465",
"52711626",
"52879962"
] |
52636348
|
10.1007/s10530-015-0969-1
|
We would like to thank Springer for publishing our article. The final publication is available at http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10530-015-0969-1International audienceStudying the perceptions of stakeholders or interested parties is a good way to better understand behaviours and decisions. This is especially true for the management of invasive species such as Japanese knotweed s.l. This plant has spread widely in the Rhône basin, where significant financial resources have been devoted to its management. However, no control technique is recognized as being particularly effective. Many uncertainties remain and many documents have been produced by environmental managers to disseminate current knowledge about the plant and its management. This article aims at characterizing the perceptions that environmental managers have of Japanese knotweed s.l. A discourse analysis was conducted on the printed documentation produced about Japanese knotweed s.l. by environmental managers working along the Rhône River (France). The corpus was both qualitatively and quantitatively analysed. The results indicated a diversity of perceptions depending on the type of environmental managers involved, as well as the geographicalareas and scales on which they acted. Whereas some focused on general knowledge relating to the origins and strategies of colonization, others emphasized the diversity and efficacy of the prospective eradication techniques. There is a real interest in implementing targeted actions to meet local issues. To do so, however, these issues must be better defined. This is a challenging task, as it must involve all types of stakeholders
|
How environmental managers perceive and approach the issue of invasive species: the case of Japanese knotweed s.l. (Rhône River, France)
|
how environmental managers perceive and approach the issue of invasive species: the case of japanese knotweed s.l. (rhône river, france)
|
springer publishing article. publication audiencestudying perceptions stakeholders interested parties behaviours decisions. invasive japanese knotweed s.l. spread widely rhône basin financial devoted management. recognized effective. documents managers disseminate management. aims characterizing perceptions managers japanese knotweed s.l. discourse printed documentation japanese knotweed s.l. managers rhône river corpus qualitatively quantitatively analysed. diversity perceptions managers geographicalareas acted. focused relating origins colonization emphasized diversity efficacy prospective eradication techniques. implementing targeted meet issues. defined. challenging involve stakeholders
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52297392",
"52616654",
"52880584"
] |
52648402
|
10.1093/petrology/egt006
|
International audiencePetrological data have been acquired on the natural trachytes from the Chaîne des Puys, French Massif Central, and on experimental products from phase equilibria in order to (i) constrain the storage conditions of the trachytic magmas that lead to explosive eruptions (dome destructions as block-and-ash flows or pumice-and-ash flows) and (ii) provide phase relationships and chemical compositions for differentiated alkaline liquids in intraplate continental context. Phase assemblages, proportions, and compositions have been determined on six trachytes with SiO2 contents varying from 62 to 69 wt % and alkali contents of 10.5-12.0 wt %. The samples contain up to 30 % of phenocrysts, mainly consisting of feldspar (15-17 %; plagioclase and/or alkali-feldspar), biotite (2-6 %; except in the SiO2-poorest sample), Fe-Ti oxides (1-3 %) ± amphibole (< 5 %), ± clinopyroxene (~1 %). All samples have apatite and zircon as minor phases and titanite has been found in one sample. Pristine glasses (melt inclusions or residual glasses) in pumice from explosive events are trachytic to rhyolitic (65-73 wt % SiO2 and 10.5-13.0 wt % alkali). H2O dissolved in melt inclusions and the biotite+alkali feldspar+magnetite hygrobarometer both suggest pre-eruptive H2O contents up to 8 wt %. These are so far the highest H2O contents ever reported for alkaline liquids in an intraplate continental context. Melt inclusions also contain ~3400 ppm chlorine, ~700 ppm fluorine, and ~300 ppm sulphur. Crystallisation experiments of the six trachytes have been performed between 200 and 400 MPa, 700 and 900°C, H2O saturation, and oxygen fugacity of NNO +1. The comparison between the natural and experimental phase assemblage, proportion, and composition suggests magma storage conditions at a pressure of 300-350 MPa (~10-12 km deep), melt H2O content ~8 wt % (close to saturation), an oxygen fugacity close to NNO~0.5, and temperatures increasing from 700 to 825°C with decreasing bulk SiO2 of the trachyte. The high H2O contents of the trachytes show that wet conditions may prevail during the differentiation of continental alkaline series. Regardless of the size of the magma reservoir assumed to have fed the trachyte eruptions, calculation of the thermal relaxation timescales indicates that the tapped reservoir(s) are likely to be still partially molten nowadays. The four northernmost edifices may correspond to a single large reservoir with a lateral extension of up to 10 km, which could be possibly reactivated in weeks to months if intercepted by new rising basalt batches
|
Trachyte phase relations and implication for magma storage conditions in the Chaîne des Puys (French Massif Central).
|
trachyte phase relations and implication for magma storage conditions in the chaîne des puys (french massif central).
|
audiencepetrological acquired trachytes chaîne puys french massif equilibria constrain storage trachytic magmas explosive eruptions dome destructions flows pumice flows compositions differentiated alkaline liquids intraplate continental context. assemblages proportions compositions trachytes contents alkali contents phenocrysts consisting feldspar plagioclase alkali feldspar biotite poorest oxides amphibole clinopyroxene apatite zircon minor titanite sample. pristine glasses melt inclusions residual glasses pumice explosive trachytic rhyolitic alkali dissolved melt inclusions biotite alkali feldspar magnetite hygrobarometer eruptive contents contents ever alkaline liquids intraplate continental context. melt inclusions chlorine fluorine sulphur. crystallisation trachytes saturation fugacity nno assemblage proportion magma storage melt saturation fugacity nno decreasing trachyte. contents trachytes prevail continental alkaline series. regardless magma reservoir trachyte eruptions relaxation timescales tapped reservoir partially molten nowadays. northernmost edifices reservoir lateral possibly reactivated intercepted rising basalt batches
|
exact_dup
|
[
"49292622",
"52726924"
] |
52673225
|
10.1051/m2an/2016001
|
International audienceThis paper is devoted to the comparison of three two-fluid models in steam-water applications involving phase transition and shock waves. The three models are presented in a common formalism that helps to underline their shared properties. A numerical method based on previous work is extended to all models and to more complex Equations Of State. Particular attention is paid to the verification of every step of the method so that convergence studies can be carried out. Afterwards, models are compared with each other and with experimental data in two different cases of steam-water transients. The first one is Simpson water-hammer experiment and the second one is a rapid depressurization with flashing studied in Canon experiment
|
Comparison of two-fluid models on steam-water transients
|
comparison of two-fluid models on steam-water transients
|
audiencethis devoted steam involving shock waves. formalism helps underline shared properties. state. paid verification out. afterwards steam transients. simpson hammer depressurization flashing canon
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52427996"
] |
52677811
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.07.016
|
International audienceKeywords: Ion track grafting Radiografting Swift heavy ions Proton conductivity Polymer electrolyte membrane Proton exchange membrane fuel cell a b s t r a c t Proton conductive individual channels through a poly(vinyl di-fluoride) PVDF matrix have been designed using the ion track grafting technique. The styrene molecules were radiografted and further sulfonated leading to sulfonated polystyrene (PSSA) domains within PVDF. The grafting process all along the cylindrical ion tracks creates after functionalisation privileged paths perpendicular to the membrane plane for proton conduction from the anode to the cathode when used in fuel cells. Such ion track grafted PVDF-g-PSSA membranes have low gas permeation properties against H 2 and O 2. A degree of grafting (Y w) of 140% was chosen to ensure a perfect coverage of PSSA onto PVDF-g-PSSA surface minimizing interfacial ohmic losses with the active layers of the Membrane Electrolyte Assembly (MEA). A three-day fuel cell test has been performed feeding the cell with pure H 2 and O 2 , at the anode and cathode side respectively. Temperature has been progressively increased from 50 to 80 • C. Polarisation curves and Elec-trochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) at different current densities were used to evaluate the MEA performance. From these last measurements, it has been possible to determine the resistance of the MEA during the fuel cell tests and, thus the membrane conductivity. The proton conductivities of such membranes estimated during fuel cell tests range from 50 mS cm −1 to 80 mS cm −1 depending on the operating conditions. These values are close to that of perfluorosulfonated membrane such as Nafion ® in similar conditions
|
Ion track grafting: A way of producing low-cost and highly proton conductive membranes for fuel cell applications
|
ion track grafting: a way of producing low-cost and highly proton conductive membranes for fuel cell applications
|
audiencekeywords track grafting radiografting swift proton conductivity polymer electrolyte proton fuel proton conductive poly vinyl fluoride pvdf track grafting technique. styrene radiografted sulfonated sulfonated polystyrene pssa pvdf. grafting cylindrical tracks creates functionalisation privileged paths perpendicular proton conduction anode cathode fuel cells. track grafted pvdf pssa membranes permeation grafting ensure perfect coverage pssa pvdf pssa minimizing interfacial ohmic losses electrolyte assembly fuel feeding anode cathode respectively. progressively polarisation elec trochemical impedance spectroscopy densities performance. fuel conductivity. proton conductivities membranes fuel operating conditions. perfluorosulfonated nafion
|
exact_dup
|
[
"51943374",
"52897919"
] |
52680639
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.08.029
|
In the area of fuel cell research, most of the experimental techniques and equipments are still devoted to the analysis of single cells or very short stacks. However, the diagnosis of fuel cell stacks providing significant power levels is a critical aspect to be considered for the integration of fuel cell systems into real applications such as vehicles or stationary gensets. In this article, a new instrument developed in-lab is proposed in order to satisfy the requirements of electrochemical impedance studies to be led on large FC generators made of numerous individual cells. Moreover, new voltammetry protocols dedicated to PEMFC stack analysis are described. They enable for instance the study of membrane permeability and loss of platinum activity inside complete PEMFC assemblies. Keywords: PEMFC; Stack; Characterization; Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy; Cyclic Voltammetry; Linear Sweep Voltammetry
|
Development of new test instruments and protocols for the diagnostic of fuel cell stacks
|
development of new test instruments and protocols for the diagnostic of fuel cell stacks
|
fuel equipments devoted stacks. fuel stacks aspect fuel vehicles stationary gensets. instrument satisfy electrochemical impedance generators numerous cells. voltammetry protocols dedicated pemfc stack described. enable permeability platinum pemfc assemblies. keywords pemfc stack electrochemical impedance spectroscopy cyclic voltammetry sweep voltammetry
|
exact_dup
|
[
"54033841"
] |
52681678
|
10.1063/1.3622747
|
International audienceReflectometry profile measurement requires an accurate determination of the plasma reflected signal. Along with a good resolution and a high signal to noise ratio of the phase measurement, adequate data analysis is required. A new data processing based on time-frequency tomographic representation is used. It provides a clearer separation between multiple components and improves isolation of the relevant signals. In this paper, this data processing technique is applied to two sets of signals coming from two different reflectometer devices used on the Tore Supra tokamak. For the standard density profile reflectometry, it improves the initialization process and its reliability, providing a more accurate profile determination in the far scrape-off layer with density measurements as low as 1016 m-1. For a second reflectometer, which provides measurements in front of a lower hybrid launcher, this method improves the separation of the relevant plasma signal from multi-reflection processes due to the proximity of the plasma
|
New signal processing technique for density profile reconstruction using reflectometry
|
new signal processing technique for density profile reconstruction using reflectometry
|
audiencereflectometry reflected signal. adequate required. tomographic used. clearer improves isolation signals. coming reflectometer devices tore supra tokamak. reflectometry improves initialization reliability scrape reflectometer front hybrid launcher improves reflection proximity
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52439214"
] |
52682468
|
10.1007/s11051-013-1626-1
|
International audienceThe behavior in solution of original structures of amphiphilic partially natural copolymers based on polyoxazoline (POx) (poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline)) and grape seed vegetable oil derivatives (linear, T- and trident-structure) are investigated. The results show that such systems are found, using dynamic light scattering (DLS), to spontaneously self-organize into monomodal, narrow-size and stable nanoparticles in aqueous medium. The obtained hydrodynamic diameters (Dh) range from 8.6 up to 32.5 nm. Specifically, such size increases strongly with increasing natural block (i.e. lipophilic species) length due to higher hydrophobic interactions (from 10.1 nm for C19 to 19.2 nm for C57). Furthermore, increasing the polyoxazoline (i.e. hydrophilic block) length leads to a moderate linear increase of the Dh-values. Therefore, the first order size effect comes from the natural lipophilic block whereas the characteristic size can be tuned more finely (i.e. in a second order) by choosing appropriately the polyoxazoline length. The DLS results in terms of characteristic size are corroborated using nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), and also by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging where well-defined, spherical and individual nanoparticles exhibit a very good mechanical resistance upon drying. Moreover, changing the lipophilic block architecture from linear to T-shape and keeping the same molar mass generates a branching and thus a shrinking by a factor of 2 of the nanoparticle volume, as shown by DLS. In this paper, we clearly show that the self-assemblies of amphiphilic block copolymer obtained from grape seed vegetable oil derivatives (sustainable renewable resources) as well as their tunability are of great interest for biomass valorization at the nanoscale level
|
Amphiphilic copolymers based on polyoxazoline and grape seed vegetable oil derivatives: Self-assemblies and dynamic light scattering
|
amphiphilic copolymers based on polyoxazoline and grape seed vegetable oil derivatives: self-assemblies and dynamic light scattering
|
audiencethe amphiphilic partially copolymers polyoxazoline poly methyl oxazoline grape seed vegetable derivatives trident investigated. spontaneously organize monomodal narrow nanoparticles aqueous medium. hydrodynamic diameters i.e. lipophilic hydrophobic polyoxazoline i.e. hydrophilic moderate values. comes lipophilic tuned finely i.e. choosing appropriately polyoxazoline length. corroborated nanoparticle tracking microscopy microscopy spherical nanoparticles exhibit drying. changing lipophilic architecture keeping molar generates branching shrinking nanoparticle dls. assemblies amphiphilic copolymer grape seed vegetable derivatives sustainable renewable tunability great biomass valorization nanoscale
|
exact_dup
|
[
"51960344"
] |
52697421
|
10.1074/jbc.M412521200
|
International audienceMaurocalcine (MCa) is a 33-amino-acid residue peptide toxin isolated from the scorpion Scorpio maurus palmatus. External application of MCa to cultured myotubes is known to produce Ca2+ release from intracellular stores. MCa binds directly to the skeletal muscle isoform of the ryanodine receptor, an intracellular channel target of the endoplasmic reticulum, and induces long lasting channel openings in a mode of smaller conductance. Here we investigated the way MCa proceeds to cross biological membranes to reach its target. A biotinylated derivative of MCa was produced (MCa(b)) and complexed with a fluorescent indicator (streptavidine-cyanine 3) to follow the cell penetration of the toxin. The toxin complex efficiently penetrated into various cell types without requiring metabolic energy (low temperature) or implicating an endocytosis mechanism. MCa appeared to share the same features as the so-called cell-penetrating peptides. Our results provide evidence that MCa has the ability to act as a molecular carrier and to cross cell membranes in a rapid manner (1-2 min), making this toxin the first demonstrated example of a scorpion toxin that translocates into cells
|
:
Maurocalcine transduction into cells
|
: maurocalcine transduction into cells
|
audiencemaurocalcine residue toxin scorpion scorpio maurus palmatus. cultured myotubes intracellular stores. binds skeletal isoform ryanodine intracellular endoplasmic reticulum induces lasting openings conductance. proceeds membranes target. biotinylated complexed fluorescent indicator streptavidine cyanine penetration toxin. toxin efficiently penetrated requiring metabolic implicating endocytosis mechanism. appeared share penetrating peptides. carrier membranes manner toxin scorpion toxin translocates
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52460351"
] |
52701248
|
10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2007.07.005
|
International audienceThe present work considers the turbulent Von Karman flow generated by two counter-rotating smooth flat (viscous stirring) or bladed (inertial stirring) disks. Numerical predictions based on one-point statistical modeling using a low Reynolds number second-order full stress transport closure (RSM model) are compared to velocity measurements performed at CEA (Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, France). The main and significant novelty of this paper is the use of a drag force in the momentum equations to reproduce the effects of inertial stirring instead of modelling the blades themselves. The influences of the rotational Reynolds number, the aspect ratio of the cavity, the rotating disk speed ratio and of the presence or not of impellers are investigated to get a precise knowledge of both the dynamics and the turbulence properties in the Von Karman configuration. In particular, we highlighted the transition between the merged and separated boundary layer regimes and the one between the Batchelor (1951) and the Stewartson (1953) flow structures in the smooth disk case. We determined also the transition between the one cell and the two cell regimes for both viscous and inertial stirrings
|
Turbulence modeling of the Von Karman flow: viscous and inertial stirrings
|
turbulence modeling of the von karman flow: viscous and inertial stirrings
|
audiencethe considers turbulent karman counter rotating viscous stirring bladed inertial stirring disks. reynolds closure commissariat energie atomique novelty drag reproduce inertial stirring blades themselves. influences rotational reynolds aspect cavity rotating impellers precise turbulence karman configuration. highlighted merged separated regimes batchelor stewartson case. regimes viscous inertial stirrings
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52465543"
] |
52701682
|
10.1007/s00382-007-0244-y
|
International audienceThe simulation of the mean seasonal cycle of sea surface temperature (SST) remains a challenge for coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation models (OAGCMs). Here we investigate how the numerical representation of clouds and convection affects the simulation of the seasonal variations of tropical SST. For this purpose, we compare simulations performed with two versions of the same OAGCM differing only by their convection and cloud schemes. Most of the atmospheric temperature and precipitation differences between the two simulations reflect differences found in atmosphere-alone simulations. They affect the ocean interior down to 1,000 m. Substantial differences are found between the two coupled simulations in the seasonal march of the Intertropical Convergence Zone in the eastern part of the Pacific and Atlantic basins, where the equatorial upwelling develops. The results confirm that the distribution of atmospheric convection between ocean and land during the American and African boreal summer monsoons plays a key role in maintaining a cross equatorial flow and a strong windstress along the equator, and thereby the equatorial upwelling. Feedbacks between convection, large-scale circulation, SST and clouds are highlighted from the differences between the two simulations. In one case, these feedbacks maintain the ITCZ in a quite realistic position, whereas in the other case the ITCZ is located too far south close to the equator
|
Impact of different convective cloud schemes on the simulation of the tropical seasonal cycle in a coupled ocean-atmosphere model.
|
impact of different convective cloud schemes on the simulation of the tropical seasonal cycle in a coupled ocean-atmosphere model.
|
audiencethe seasonal challenge ocean atmosphere circulation oagcms clouds convection affects seasonal tropical sst. versions oagcm differing convection schemes. precipitation reflect atmosphere simulations. ocean interior substantial seasonal intertropical eastern pacific atlantic basins equatorial upwelling develops. confirm convection ocean african boreal summer monsoons plays maintaining equatorial windstress equator thereby equatorial upwelling. feedbacks convection circulation clouds highlighted simulations. feedbacks maintain itcz realistic itcz equator
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48356225",
"52760936",
"52912654"
] |
52708935
|
10.1093/gji/ggt183
|
International audienceNo major earthquake occurred in North Chile since the 1877 M w 8.6 subduction earthquake that produced a huge tsunami. However, geodetic measurements conducted over the last decade in this area show that the upper plate is actually deforming, which reveals some degree of locking on the subduction interface. This accumulation of elastic deformation is likely to be released in a future earthquake. Because of the long elapsed time since 1877 and the rapid accumulation of deformation (thought to be 6–7 cm/yr), many consider this area is a mature seismic gap where a major earthquake is due and seismic hazard is high. We present a new Global Positioning System (GPS) velocity field, acquired between 2008 and 2012, that describes in some detail the interseismic deformation between 18°S and 24°S. We invert for coupling distribution on the Nazca-South America subduction interface using elastic modelling. Our measurements require that, at these latitudes, 10 to 12 mm yr−1 (i.e. 15 per cent of the whole convergence rate) are accommodated by the clockwise rotation of an Andean block bounded to the East by the subandean fold-and-thrust belt. This reduces the accumulation rate on the subduction interface to 56 mm yr−1 in this area. Coupling variations on the subduction interface both along-strike and along-dip are described. We find that the North Chile seismic gap is segmented in at least two highly locked segments bounded by narrow areas of weak coupling. This coupling segmentation is consistent with our knowledge of the historical ruptures and of the instrumental seismicity of the region. Intersegment zones (Iquique, Mejillones) correlate with high background seismic rate and local tectonic complexities on the upper or downgoing plates. The rupture of either the Paranal or the Loa segment alone could easily produce a Mw 8.0–8.3 rupture, and we propose that the Loa segment (from 22.5◦S to 20.8◦S) may be the one that ruptured in 1877
|
Revisiting the North Chile seismic gap segmentation using GPS-derived interseismic coupling
|
revisiting the north chile seismic gap segmentation using gps-derived interseismic coupling
|
audienceno earthquake occurred chile subduction earthquake huge tsunami. geodetic decade plate deforming reveals locking subduction interface. accumulation elastic deformation released earthquake. elapsed accumulation deformation thought mature seismic earthquake seismic hazard high. positioning acquired describes interseismic deformation invert nazca america subduction elastic modelling. latitudes i.e. cent accommodated clockwise andean east subandean thrust belt. reduces accumulation subduction area. subduction strike described. chile seismic segmented locked segments narrow coupling. segmentation historical ruptures instrumental seismicity region. intersegment zones iquique mejillones correlate seismic tectonic complexities downgoing plates. rupture paranal segment rupture propose segment ruptured
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47268911",
"51930884",
"52294220"
] |
52709493
|
10.1016/j.triboint.2016.05.010
|
International audienceIn an ageing world population, increasing the lifetime of orthopedic devices is of vital importance for reducing surgical risks for patients and reducing medical costs. Ceramic materials are gaining interest because of their hardness and chemical inertia with respect to metal prosthesis. Wear of the prosthetic couple (femoral head and cup) is one of the main rationales for using ceramic hip implants, because they induce much lower wear debris. The present study investigates the combined effects of shocks due to microseparation and hydrothermal ageing on the wear of Zirconia Toughened Alumina (ZTA) bearings, which have been under strong development these past ten years. Wear stripe patterns are formed on femoral heads tested on a shock device. 3D profilometry is used to evaluate the volume of worn material released from the head that averages at 0.46mm 3 /year during simulation mimicking about 15 years of ageing. This volume is larger than formerly estimated with hip walking simulators with microseparation, an effect that we tentatively attribute to a larger force (9000 N) applied here than on hip simulators where the force was not specified. The present experiment should allow refining the effect of force on the wear of ceramic femoral head, hence to simulate different patient conditions (weight, activity, accidents,...). Micro Raman spectroscopy reveals significant zirconia phase transformation within wear stripes. ZTA components show minor phase transformation during hydrothermal degradation in an autoclave when compared to changes induced by shocks. Finally, five clinically retrieved bearings are characterized for in vivo comparison, and also reveal phase transformation within wear track areas. The association of phase transformation enhancement with wear areas on in vivo samples indicates that wear is induced by shocks, rather than by hydrothermal ageing. Shock simulations are therefore essential for in vitro experimentation aiming at reproducing wear of ceramic implants and in vivo environment. On a material's point of view, it is shown that the ZTA ceramics can exhibit a beneficial phase transformation under stress, which may limit wear stripes, without suffering from significant ageing
|
Effects of in vitro shocks and hydrothermal degradation on wear of ceramic hip joints: Towards better experimental simulation of in vivo ageing
|
effects of in vitro shocks and hydrothermal degradation on wear of ceramic hip joints: towards better experimental simulation of in vivo ageing
|
audiencein ageing lifetime orthopedic devices vital reducing surgical risks reducing costs. ceramic gaining hardness inertia prosthesis. wear prosthetic couple femoral rationales ceramic implants induce wear debris. investigates shocks microseparation hydrothermal ageing wear zirconia toughened alumina bearings years. wear stripe femoral heads shock device. profilometry worn released averages mimicking ageing. formerly walking simulators microseparation tentatively attribute simulators specified. refining wear ceramic femoral simulate accidents micro raman spectroscopy reveals zirconia wear stripes. minor hydrothermal degradation autoclave shocks. clinically retrieved bearings reveal wear track areas. enhancement wear wear shocks hydrothermal ageing. shock experimentation aiming reproducing wear ceramic implants environment. ceramics exhibit beneficial wear stripes suffering ageing
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52294859",
"52615472"
] |
52713808
|
10.1088/0004-637X/814/1/69
|
International audienceWe use deep Hubble Space Telescope imaging of the Frontier Fields to accurately measure the galaxy rest-frame ultraviolet luminosity function (UV LF) in the redshift range z ∼ 6–8. We combine observations in three lensing clusters, A2744, MACS 0416, and MACS 0717, and their associated parallelfields to select high-redshift dropout candidates. We use the latest lensing models to estimate the flux magnification and the effective survey volume in combination with completeness simulations performed in the source plane. We report the detection of 227 galaxy candidates at z = 6–7 and 25 candidates at z ∼ 8. While the total survey area is about 4 arcmin 2 in each parallel field, it drops to about 0.6–1 arcmin 2 in the cluster core fields because of the strong lensing. We compute the UV LF at z ∼ 7 using the combined galaxy sample and perform Monte Carlo simulations to determine the best-fit Schechter parameters. We are able to reliably constrain the LF down to an absolute magnitude of M UV = −15.25, which corresponds to 0.005 L å. More importantly, we find that the faint-end slope remains steep down to this magnitude limit with 2.04. 0.17 0.13 a =-+ We find a characteristic magnitude of M 20.89 0.72 0.60 =-+ and log (f å) = 3.54. 0.45 0.48-+ Our results confirm the most recent results in deep blank fields but extend the LF measurements more than two magnitudes deeper. The UV LF at z ∼ 8 is not very well constrained below M UV = −18 owing to the small number statistics and incompleteness uncertainties. To assess the contribution of galaxies to cosmic reionization, we derive the UV luminosity density at z ∼ 7 by integrating the UV LF down to an observational limit of M UV = −15. We show that our determination of log(ρ UV) = 26.2 ± 0.13 (erg s −1 Hz −1 Mpc −3) can be sufficient to maintain reionization with an escape fraction of ionizing radiation of f esc = 10%–15%. Future Hubble Frontier Fields observations will certainly improve the constraints on the UV LF at the epoch of reionization, paving the way to more ambitious programs using cosmic telescopes with the next generation of large aperture telescopes such as the James Webb Space Telescope and the European Extremely Large Telescope
|
ARE ULTRA-FAINT GALAXIES AT z = 6–8 RESPONSIBLE FOR COSMIC REIONIZATION? COMBINED CONSTRAINTS FROM THE HUBBLE FRONTIER FIELDS CLUSTERS AND PARALLELS
|
are ultra-faint galaxies at z = 6–8 responsible for cosmic reionization? combined constraints from the hubble frontier fields clusters and parallels
|
audiencewe hubble telescope frontier accurately ultraviolet luminosity combine lensing macs macs parallelfields select dropout candidates. latest lensing magnification completeness plane. candidates candidates arcmin drops arcmin lensing. monte carlo schechter parameters. reliably constrain importantly faint steep confirm blank extend magnitudes deeper. constrained owing incompleteness uncertainties. cosmic reionization derive luminosity integrating observational maintain reionization escape ionizing hubble frontier certainly epoch reionization paving ambitious programs cosmic telescopes aperture telescopes james webb telescope extremely telescope
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52297703",
"52430614"
] |
52717495
|
10.1007/s12665-015-4119-y
|
International audienceIn the Sahel region, temporary rivers and ponds constitute green spaces of welfare where sustainable development requires parsimonious management of water resources. The Komadugu Yobe (KY) valley in Eastern Niger is presented here as an example case of recent agricultural development based on irrigated pepper cropping. Piezometric maps indicate there that the river recharges the upper quaternary aquifer. A simplified numerical model allows to quantify the exchanges between the river on the aquifer, based mainly on exploration geophysics data and three piezometric records, covering between 1 and 3 years of our 4 years modeling period. Recharge at the valley axis is modeled with a linear river coefficient constant for each hydrological year. The main findings are that: (i) during dry years, the river is disconnected from the aquifer and separated from it by a layer of unsaturated medium, (ii) however, this effect can be reversed, such as during the 2010‐2011 wet year or after the Sahelian drought event of the 1980s and 1990s, (iii) the infiltration rate from the river amounts to 30 to 40% of its total discharge and to at least four times the abstraction for pepper irrigation along its 150 km lower course at the Niger‐Nigeria boundary, which implies that neither the aquifer recharge nor the river discharge are at risk due to the present agricultural development. Similar modeling near temporary river axes could provide some help in water resource management in the Sahel. keywords: aquifer recharge, irrigated pepper farming, groundwater modeling, sustainable development, Lake Chad Basin, Komadugu Yobe 2 1. Introduction Water availability is a key factor for the sustainable development of Sahelian societies (Cheo et al. 2013; Babamaajii and Lee 2014). In several instances they can rely on groundwater mainly recharged in the past (Taylor et al. 2009; MacDonald et al. 2012) and from which the present renewal rate can be estimated (Scanlon et al. 2006), generally by geochemical methods (Edmunds 2009). In the northern Sahel, rivers, ponds and lakes constitute green spaces of relative welfare where the production activities rely on both surface water and groundwater (Tarhule and Woo 2002). Local water budgets are needed for estimating the water resource available for sustainable development (Carter and Alkali 1996). Numerical modeling of groundwater/surface water interaction may help to understand the effect of climate changes (Engelhart et al. 2013), to assess the consequences of various management scenarios (Feng et al. 2011) and to solve possible future conflicting uses. Flowing at the eastern part of the boundary between Niger and Nigeria, the Komadugu Yobe (KY) is a sahelian temporary river which drains into Lake Chad (Fig. 1). This region was strongly impacted by the Great African Drought, which began during the 1970s and is considered as one of the most significant climatic events worldwide (Hulme 2001). Local people have achieved strong adaptation to the drought effects almost without external help (Mortimore and Adams 2001; Mortimore 2010). In the KY area they mostly substituted fishing and rainfed agriculture (pearl millet) with sweet pepper cropping irrigated with surface water, however with minor abstraction of groundwater (Luxereau et al. 2011). There are concerns on the sustainability of the development of this area given the limited water resource, the climate variability and the limited size of the pepper market
|
Groundwater recharge by Sahelian rivers—consequences for agricultural development: example from the lower Komadugu Yobe River (Eastern Niger, Lake Chad Basin)
|
groundwater recharge by sahelian rivers—consequences for agricultural development: example from the lower komadugu yobe river (eastern niger, lake chad basin)
|
audiencein sahel temporary rivers ponds constitute welfare sustainable parsimonious resources. komadugu yobe valley eastern niger agricultural irrigated pepper cropping. piezometric river recharges quaternary aquifer. simplified quantify exchanges river aquifer exploration geophysics piezometric records covering period. recharge valley modeled river hydrological year. river disconnected aquifer separated unsaturated reversed sahelian drought infiltration river amounts discharge abstraction pepper irrigation niger‐nigeria neither aquifer recharge river discharge agricultural development. temporary river axes resource sahel. keywords aquifer recharge irrigated pepper farming groundwater sustainable lake chad basin komadugu yobe availability sustainable sahelian societies cheo babamaajii instances rely groundwater recharged taylor macdonald renewal scanlon geochemical edmunds northern sahel rivers ponds lakes constitute welfare rely groundwater tarhule budgets estimating resource sustainable carter alkali groundwater engelhart consequences scenarios feng solve conflicting uses. flowing eastern niger nigeria komadugu yobe sahelian temporary river drains lake chad fig. impacted great african drought began climatic worldwide hulme adaptation drought mortimore adams mortimore mostly substituted fishing rainfed agriculture pearl millet sweet pepper cropping irrigated minor abstraction groundwater luxereau concerns sustainability resource pepper
|
exact_dup
|
[
"51943599"
] |
52721339
|
10.1016/j.atmosres.2010.05.005
|
International audienceA multiphase cloud chemistry model coupling a detailed chemical reactivity mechanism in gas phase and aqueous phase to a cloud parcel model with a two-moment microphysical scheme has been extended to include ice phase processes. This newly developed model is used to study the influence of the ice phase on HCOOH, HNO3, H2O2 and CH2O in a mixed-phase cloud. Microphysical processes are describing the interactions between the water vapor phase, the liquid phase (cloud and rain water) and the ice phase (pristine ice, snow and graupel) in the cloud and for soluble chemical species, their transfer by mixed-phase microphysical processes has been included. In addition to microphysical transfer between iced hydrometeors, the probable two main processes incorporating soluble chemical species in iced hydrometeors are the retention in ice phase as riming or freezing occurs and the burial in the ice crystal as the crystal grows by vapor diffusion. The model is applied to a cloud event describing a moderate precipitating mixed-phase cloud forming in a continental air mass in winter. The main features of the cloud are described and the evolution of key chemical species as function of time and temperature is discussed. Sensitivity tests are performed: a run without ice to highlight the influence of ice phase on the chemical gas phase composition of the cloud, a run without burial showing that it is a negligible process, a run assuming full retention in ice for all species and a run varying the ice crystal shapes. A detailed analysis of the microphysical rates and chemical rates linked to retention and burial effects show that for this cloud event, the effect of the ice phase on gas phase composition is driven by riming of cloud droplets onto graupels, which leads to retention or not of soluble chemical species in the ice phase. Finally, the impact of crystal geometry on the efficiency of collection is studied together with its impact on the riming of cloud droplets on graupels and also on the retention of chemical species in ice phase
|
Effect of mixed-phase cloud on the chemical budget of trace gases: A modeling approach
|
effect of mixed-phase cloud on the chemical budget of trace gases: a modeling approach
|
audiencea multiphase reactivity aqueous parcel moment microphysical processes. newly hcooh cloud. microphysical describing vapor rain pristine snow graupel soluble microphysical included. microphysical iced hydrometeors probable incorporating soluble iced hydrometeors retention riming freezing burial grows vapor diffusion. describing moderate precipitating forming continental winter. discussed. highlight burial negligible retention shapes. microphysical retention burial riming droplets graupels retention soluble phase. riming droplets graupels retention
|
exact_dup
|
[
"49283985"
] |
52721542
|
10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.03.018
|
International audienceThe detection of preferential flow paths and the characterization of their hydraulic properties are major challenges in fractured rock hydrology. In this study, we propose to use temperature as a passive tracer to characterize fracture connectivity and hydraulic properties. In particular, we propose a new temperature tomography field method in which borehole temperature profiles are measured under different pumping conditions by changing successively the pumping and observation boreholes. To interpret these temperature- depth profiles, we propose a three step inversion-based framework. We consider first an inverse model that allows for automatic permeable fracture detection from borehole temperature profiles under pumping conditions. Then we apply a borehole-scale flow and temperature model to produce flowmeter profiles by inversion of temperature profiles. This second step uses inversion to characterize the relationship between temperature variations with depth and borehole flow velocities (Klepikova et al., 2011). The third inverse step, which exploits cross-borehole flowmeter tests, is aimed at inferring inter-borehole fracture connectivity and transmissivities. This multi-step inverse framework provides a means of including temperature profiles to image fracture hydraulic properties and connectivity. We test the proposed approach with field data obtained from the Ploemeur (N.W. France) fractured rock aquifer, where the full temperature tomography experiment was carried out between three 100 m depth boreholes 10 m apart. We identified several transmissive fractures and their connectivity which correspond to known fractures and corroborate well with independent information, including available borehole flowmeter tests and geophysical data. Hence, although indirect, temperature tomography appears to be a promising approach for characterizing connectivity patterns and transmissivities of the main flow paths in fractured rock
|
Passive temperature tomography experiments to characterize transmissivity and connectivity of preferential flow paths in fractured media
|
passive temperature tomography experiments to characterize transmissivity and connectivity of preferential flow paths in fractured media
|
audiencethe preferential paths hydraulic challenges fractured rock hydrology. propose passive tracer characterize fracture connectivity hydraulic properties. propose tomography borehole pumping changing successively pumping boreholes. interpret propose inversion framework. automatic permeable fracture borehole pumping conditions. borehole flowmeter inversion profiles. inversion characterize borehole velocities klepikova exploits borehole flowmeter aimed inferring borehole fracture connectivity transmissivities. fracture hydraulic connectivity. ploemeur n.w. fractured rock aquifer tomography boreholes apart. transmissive fractures connectivity fractures corroborate borehole flowmeter geophysical data. indirect tomography promising characterizing connectivity transmissivities paths fractured rock
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48190375"
] |
52740435
|
10.1007/s00340-009-3832-1
|
International audienceWe report the first demonstration of a long-distance ultra stable frequency dissemination in the microwave range. A 9.15 GHz signal is transferred through a 86-km urban optical link with a fractional frequency instability of 1.3x10-15 at 1 s integration time and below 10-18 at one day. The optical link phase noise compensation is performed with a round-trip method. To achieve such a result we implement light polarisation scrambling and dispersion compensation. This link outperforms all the previous radiofrequency links and compares well with recently demonstrated full optical links
|
High-resolution microwave frequency dissemination on an 86-km urban optical link
|
high-resolution microwave frequency dissemination on an 86-km urban optical link
|
audiencewe demonstration ultra dissemination microwave range. transferred fractional instability day. compensation round trip method. implement polarisation scrambling compensation. outperforms radiofrequency links compares links
|
exact_dup
|
[
"51444845",
"52663032"
] |
52749281
|
10.1007/s00531-008-0340-1
|
International audienceThe 218.4 ± 0.4, 228.8 ± 0.9 and 231.9 ± 0.7 Ma 40Ar/39Ar laser probe pseudo-plateau ages (2σ; 49–63% 39Ar-release) of very low-grade meta-pelitic whole-rocks from the Sakaigawa unit date high-P/T metamorphism. We argue that this event occurred in a subduction–accretion complex, not along the East Asian continental margin, but on the Pacific side of the proto-Japan superterrane. Proto-Japan was a Permian magmatic arc, presently dispersed in the Japanese islands, which also contained older subduction–accretion complexes. The arc system was fringing but not yet part of the Eurasian continent. The Middle to Late Triassic high-P/T tectono-metamorphic event was partly coeval with proto-Japan's collision with proto-Eurasia along the southward extension of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt, causing the main metamorphism in the Hida-Oki terrane. It is possible that this system continued via the Cathaysia block (China) to Indochina. The Late Permian to Middle Triassic Indosinian event might stem from docking of Pacific-derived terranes with Southeast Asia's continental margin. The concept of the proto-Japan superterrane implies that the Qinling-Dabie-Sulu suture zone joined the Central Asian Orogenic Belt to the east of the North China craton and did not continue to Japan, as commonly assumed
|
Triassic 40Ar/39Ar ages from the Sakaigawa unit, Kii Peninsula, Japan: implications for possible merger of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt with large-scale tectonic systems of the East Asian margin
|
triassic 40ar/39ar ages from the sakaigawa unit, kii peninsula, japan: implications for possible merger of the central asian orogenic belt with large-scale tectonic systems of the east asian margin
|
audiencethe pseudo plateau ages grade meta pelitic rocks sakaigawa metamorphism. argue occurred subduction–accretion east asian continental margin pacific proto superterrane. proto permian magmatic presently dispersed japanese islands older subduction–accretion complexes. fringing eurasian continent. triassic tectono metamorphic partly coeval proto collision proto eurasia southward asian orogenic belt causing metamorphism hida terrane. continued cathaysia indochina. permian triassic indosinian docking pacific terranes southeast asia continental margin. proto superterrane qinling dabie sulu suture joined asian orogenic belt east craton continue commonly
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48258515",
"54026666"
] |
52782728
|
10.1007/s40062-013-0025-8
|
8 pagesInternational audienceDirected topology is a refinement of standard topology, where spaces may have non-reversible paths. It has been put forward as a candidate approach to the analysis of concurrent processes. Recently, a wealth of different frameworks for, i.e., categories of, directed spaces have been proposed. In the present work, starting from Grandis's notion of directed space, we propose an additional condition of saturation for distinguished sets of paths and show how it allows to rule out exotic examples without any serious collateral damage. Our saturation condition is local in a natural sense, and is satisfied by the directed interval (and the directed circle). Furthermore we show in which sense it is the strongest condition fulfilling these two basic requirements. Our saturation condition selects a full, reflective subcategory of Grandis's category of d-spaces, which is closed under arbitrary limits of d-spaces, has arbitrary colimits (obtained by saturating the corresponding colimits of d-spaces), and has nice cylinder and cocylinder constructions. Finally, the forgetful functor to plain topological spaces has both a right and a left adjoint
|
Saturating directed spaces
|
saturating directed spaces
|
pagesinternational audiencedirected topology refinement topology reversible paths. candidate concurrent processes. wealth frameworks i.e. categories directed proposed. grandis notion directed propose saturation distinguished paths exotic serious collateral damage. saturation satisfied directed directed circle strongest fulfilling requirements. saturation selects reflective subcategory grandis colimits saturating colimits nice cylinder cocylinder constructions. forgetful functor plain topological adjoint
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47285398",
"52686313",
"52903416"
] |
52807764
|
10.1080/03088839.2015.1022612
|
International Colloquium organized by the The Royal Academy for Overseas Sciences (Kaowarsom). Conference programme available at: http://www.kaowarsom.be/documents/programma_interoceanic_canals_03-2012.pdfInternational audienceIt is widely acknowledged that the two major interoceanic canals of Suez and Panama play a central role in global shipping flows. However, this role has rarely been measured with precision both in terms of the geographic coverage and network topological properties of canal-dependent flows. Based on vessel movement data for containerships, this research clarifies the weight and share of canal-dependent flows globally and at the level of world regions, routes, and ports. It also estimates and maps the effects of removing canal-dependent flows from the network by means of graph-theoretical methods. While main results converge in showing a decreasing importance of canal shipping in the context of growing south-south trade exchanges, certain areas remain more dependent than others, such as Asia, Europe, and North America. The research also underlines factors of port vulnerability across the globe in relation with the two canals
|
The polarization of global container flows by interoceanic canals: geographic coverage and network vulnerability
|
the polarization of global container flows by interoceanic canals: geographic coverage and network vulnerability
|
colloquium organized royal academy overseas kaowarsom programme kaowarsom.be documents programma interoceanic canals .pdfinternational audienceit widely acknowledged interoceanic canals suez panama shipping flows. rarely precision geographic coverage topological canal flows. vessel movement containerships clarifies share canal flows globally routes ports. removing canal flows methods. converge decreasing canal shipping growing trade exchanges asia europe america. underlines port vulnerability globe canals
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47081935",
"47303596",
"47343221"
] |
52826188
|
10.1016/j.labeco.2008.08.007
|
International audienceIn this article, we use data from the European Community Household Panel to evaluate the impact of a French guaranteed income program, the RMI, on the hazard out of unemployment. Self-selection into the program is corrected using a multivariate duration model developed by [Abbring, J.H., van den Berg, G.J., 2003. The non-parametric identification of treatment effects in duration models. Econometrica 71 (5), 1491- 1517]. We find that RMI receipt has a strong negative impact during the first months of program participation, but that this disincentive effect quickly falls to insignificant levels after six months. Household structure also appears to be an important determinant of the importance of the adverse effect of program participation
|
Guaranteed minimum income and unemployment duration in France
|
guaranteed minimum income and unemployment duration in france
|
audiencein household french guaranteed hazard unemployment. corrected multivariate abbring j.h. berg g.j. parametric models. econometrica receipt participation disincentive quickly falls insignificant months. household determinant adverse participation
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47716464",
"47753867"
] |
52826194
|
10.1016/j.healthplace.2011.06.002
|
International audienceMaternity unit closures in France have increased distances that women travel to deliver in hospital. We studied how the supply of maternity units influences the rate of out-of-hospital births using birth certificate data. In 2005-6, 4.3 per 1000 births were out-of-hospital. Rates were more than double for women living 30km or more from their nearest unit and were even higher for women of high parity. These associations persisted in multilevel analyses adjusting for other maternal characteristics. Long distances to maternity units should be a concern to health planners because of the maternal and infant health risks
|
Out-of-hospital births and the supply of maternity units in France.
|
out-of-hospital births and the supply of maternity units in france.
|
audiencematernity closures distances travel deliver hospital. supply maternity influences births birth certificate data. births hospital. living nearest parity. associations persisted multilevel adjusting maternal characteristics. distances maternity concern planners maternal infant risks
|
exact_dup
|
[
"47106049",
"52197108"
] |
52843422
|
10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2014.05.020
|
International audienceBron and Besson yield criterion has been used to model the plastic anisotropic behavior of an aluminum alloy series 5000. The parameters of this anisotropic yield model have been identified by two different methods: a classical one, considering several homogeneous conventional experiments and an exploratory one, with only one biaxial test. On one hand, the parameter identification with conventional experiments has been carried out with uniaxial tensile and simple shear tests in different orientations to the rolling direction and with a hydraulic bulge test, all of them considered at three equivalent plastic strain levels. On the other hand, Bron and Besson yield function has also been calibrated with inverse analysis from only a cross biaxial tensile test, since it was shown that the strain distribution in the center of the cruciform specimen is significantly dependent on the yield criterion. The principal strains along a specified path in the gauge area of the cruciform specimen have been analyzed and the gap between experimental and numerical values was minimized. Finally the yield contours obtained with the two methods have been compared and discussed
|
Calibration of anisotropic yield criterion with conventional tests or biaxial test
|
calibration of anisotropic yield criterion with conventional tests or biaxial test
|
audiencebron besson criterion plastic anisotropic aluminum alloy anisotropic homogeneous exploratory biaxial test. uniaxial tensile orientations rolling hydraulic bulge plastic levels. bron besson calibrated biaxial tensile cruciform specimen criterion. principal specified cruciform specimen minimized. contours
|
exact_dup
|
[
"48188292"
] |
52850341
|
10.1016/j.gca.2011.12.011
|
International audienceIn order to check the heterogeneity of the CI chondrites and determine the average composition of this group of meteorites, we analyzed a series of six large chips (weighing between 0.6 and 1.2 g) of Orgueil prepared from five different stones. In addition, one sample from each of Ivuna and Alais was analyzed. Although the sizes of the chips used in this study were "large", our results show evidence for minor chemical heterogeneity in Orgueil, particularly for alkali elements and U. After removal of one outlier sample, the spread of the results is considerably reduced. For most of the 46 elements analyzed in this study, the average composition calculated for Orgueil is in very good agreement with previous CI estimates. This average, obtained with a "large" mass of samples, is analytically homogeneous and is suitable for normalization purposes. Finally, the Cu and Zn isotopic ratios are homogeneously distributed within the CI parent body with a spread of less than 100 ppm per atomic mass unit (amu)
|
Geochemistry of CI chondrites: Major and trace elements, and Cu and Zn Isotopes
|
geochemistry of ci chondrites: major and trace elements, and cu and zn isotopes
|
audiencein check heterogeneity chondrites meteorites chips weighing orgueil stones. ivuna alais analyzed. sizes chips minor heterogeneity orgueil alkali removal outlier spread considerably reduced. orgueil estimates. analytically homogeneous normalization purposes. isotopic homogeneously parent spread
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52731265"
] |
52905889
|
10.1016/j.pss.2010.04.022
|
International audienceThe ACB search-coil magnetometer for Cross-Scale will measure three components of the AC magnetic field up to 4 kHz, and one component up to 100 kHz. Turbulent and coherent magnetic field fluctuations in that frequency range play an important role in the acceleration, scattering, and thermalisation of particles. ACB will, together with the other instruments of the Cross-Scale wave consortium, allow to address the key science objectives associated with plasma waves. Here, we list some of the important issues, based on the experience drawn from Cluster, and describe the instrument
|
AC magnetic field measurements onboard Cross-Scale: scientific objectives and instrument design
|
ac magnetic field measurements onboard cross-scale: scientific objectives and instrument design
|
audiencethe coil magnetometer khz. turbulent coherent acceleration thermalisation particles. instruments consortium objectives waves. drawn instrument
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52734242"
] |
52923010
|
10.1063/1.3638129
|
Cataloged from PDF version of article.In this study, we implanted N(+) and N(2)(+) ions into sputter deposited amorphous boron carbide (a-BC) and diamond like carbon (DLC) thin films in an effort to understand the chemical bonding involved and investigate possible phase separation routes in boron carbon nitride (BCN) films. In addition, we investigated the effect of implanted C(+) ions in sputter deposited amorphous boron nitride (a-BN) films. Implanted ion energies for all ion species were set at 40 KeV. Implanted films were then analyzed using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The changes in the chemical composition and bonding chemistry due to ion-implantation were examined at different depths of the films using sequential ion-beam etching and high resolution XPS analysis cycles. A comparative analysis has been made with the results from sputter deposited BCN films suggesting that implanted nitrogen and carbon atoms behaved very similar to nitrogen and carbon atoms in sputter deposited BCN films. We found that implanted nitrogen atoms would prefer bonding to carbon atoms in the films only if there is no boron atom in the vicinity or after all available boron atoms have been saturated with nitrogen. Implanted carbon atoms also preferred to either bond with available boron atoms or, more likely bonded with other implanted carbon atoms. These results were also supported by ab-initio density functional theory calculations which indicated that carbon-carbon bonds were energetically preferable to carbon-boron and carbon-nitrogen bonds. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics
|
Bias in bonding behavior among boron, carbon, and nitrogen atoms in ion implanted a-BN, a-BC, and diamond like carbon films
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bias in bonding behavior among boron, carbon, and nitrogen atoms in ion implanted a-bn, a-bc, and diamond like carbon films
|
cataloged article.in implanted sputter deposited amorphous boron carbide diamond films effort bonding routes boron nitride films. implanted sputter deposited amorphous boron nitride films. implanted kev. implanted films photoelectron spectroscopy bonding implantation depths films sequential etching cycles. comparative sputter deposited films implanted nitrogen behaved nitrogen sputter deposited films. implanted nitrogen prefer bonding films boron atom vicinity boron saturated nitrogen. implanted preferred bond boron bonded implanted atoms. initio bonds energetically preferable boron nitrogen bonds.
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exact_dup
|
[
"52923009"
] |
52952799
|
10.1073/pnas.1222474110
|
We compare ensembles of water supply and demand projections from 10 global hydrological models and six global gridded crop models. These are produced as part of the Inter-Sectoral Impacts Model Intercomparison Project, with coordination from the Agricultural Model Intercomparison and Improvement Project, and driven by outputs of general circulation models run under representative concentration pathway 8.5 as part of the Fifth Coupled Model Intercomparison Project. Models project that direct climate impacts to maize, soybean, wheat, and rice involve losses of 400-1,400 Pcal (8-24% of present-day total) when CO2 fertilization effects are accounted for or 1,400-2,600 Pcal (24-43%) otherwise. Freshwater limitations in some irrigated regions (western United States; China; and West, South, and Central Asia) could necessitate the reversion of 20-60 Mha of cropland from irrigated to rainfed management by end-of-century, and a further loss of 600-2,900 Pcal of food production. In other regions (northern/eastern United States, parts of South America, much of Europe, and South East Asia) surplus water supply could in principle support a net increase in irrigation, although substantial investments in irrigation infrastructure would be required
|
Constraints and potentials of future irrigation water availability on agricultural production under climate change
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constraints and potentials of future irrigation water availability on agricultural production under climate change
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ensembles supply projections hydrological gridded crop models. sectoral impacts intercomparison coordination agricultural intercomparison outputs circulation fifth intercomparison project. impacts maize soybean wheat rice involve losses pcal fertilization accounted pcal otherwise. freshwater limitations irrigated west asia necessitate reversion cropland irrigated rainfed century pcal production. northern eastern america europe east asia surplus supply irrigation substantial investments irrigation infrastructure
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exact_dup
|
[
"44737227"
] |
52954843
|
10.1080/02827581.2016.1195441
|
Reindeer husbandry and commercial forestry seek to co-exist in the forests of Northern Sweden. As interwoven as the two industries are, conflicts have arisen. Forest practices have reduced the distribution of lichen, the main winter diet for reindeer. Forest practices have also increased forest density, compromising the animals’ ability to pass through forested areas on their migration routes. In an attempt to reduce impacts on reindeer husbandry, we present a spatially explicit harvest scheduling model that includes reindeer corridors with user-defined spatial characteristics. We illustrate the model in a case study and explore the relationship between timber revenues and the selection and maintenance of reindeer corridors. The corridors are not only to include sufficient lichen habitat, but they are also supposed to ensure access for reindeer by connecting lichen areas with linkages that allow unobstructed travel. Since harvest scheduling occurs over a planning horizon, the spatial configuration of corridors can change from one time period to the next in order to accommodate harvesting activities. Our results suggest that maintaining reindeer corridors in harvest scheduling can be done at minimal cost. Also, we conclude that including corridor constraints in the harvest scheduling model is critical to guarantee connectivity of reindeer pastures
|
Combining Spatiotemporal Corridor Design for Reindeer Migration with Harvest Scheduling in Northern Sweden
|
combining spatiotemporal corridor design for reindeer migration with harvest scheduling in northern sweden
|
reindeer husbandry commercial forestry seek forests northern sweden. interwoven industries conflicts arisen. forest practices lichen winter diet reindeer. forest practices forest compromising animals’ pass forested migration routes. attempt impacts reindeer husbandry spatially harvest scheduling reindeer corridors characteristics. illustrate explore timber revenues maintenance reindeer corridors. corridors lichen habitat supposed ensure reindeer connecting lichen linkages unobstructed travel. harvest scheduling planning horizon corridors accommodate harvesting activities. maintaining reindeer corridors harvest scheduling cost. corridor harvest scheduling guarantee connectivity reindeer pastures
|
exact_dup
|
[
"83641382"
] |
53007768
|
10.1007/s10270-012-0270-z
|
International audienceModel-driven software modernization is a discipline in which model-driven development (MDD) techniques are used in the modernization of legacy systems. When existing software artifacts are evolved, they must be transformed into models to apply MDD techniques such as model transformations. Since most modernization scenarios (e.g., application migration) involve dealing with code in general-purpose programming languages (GPL), the extraction of models from GPL code is an essential task in a model-based modernization process. This activity could be performed by tools to bridge grammarware and MDD technical spaces, which is normally carried out by dedicated parsers. Grammar-to-Model Transformation Language (Gra2MoL) is a domain-specific language (DSL) tailored to the extraction of models from GPL code. This DSL is actually a text-to-model transformation language which can be applied to any code conforming to a grammar. Gra2MoL aims to reduce the effort needed to implement grammarware-MDD bridges, since building dedicated parsers is a complex and time-consuming task. Like ATL and RubyTL languages, Gra2MoL incorporates the binding concept needed to write mappings between grammar elements and metamodel elements in a simple declarative style. The language also provides a powerful query language which eases the retrieval of scattered information in syntax trees. Moreover, it incorporates extensibility and grammar reuse mechanisms. This paper describes Gra2MoL in detail and includes a case study based on the application of the language in the extraction of models from Delphi code
|
Extracting Models from Source Code in Software Modernization
|
extracting models from source code in software modernization
|
audiencemodel modernization discipline modernization legacy systems. artifacts evolved transformed transformations. modernization scenarios e.g. migration involve dealing programming languages extraction modernization process. bridge grammarware normally dedicated parsers. grammar tailored extraction code. conforming grammar. aims effort implement grammarware bridges dedicated parsers consuming task. rubytl languages incorporates mappings grammar metamodel declarative style. powerful query eases retrieval scattered syntax trees. incorporates extensibility grammar reuse mechanisms. describes extraction delphi
|
exact_dup
|
[
"50616304"
] |
53155758
|
10.1016/J.CONBUILDMAT.2006.01.006
|
In this study some results on the reactivity of silicatic consolidants employed for the conservation of valuable artistic and cultural\ud
porous materials are discussed. In particular, a colloidal suspension of silica made by particles with an average diameter of 10–\ud
15 nm, a sodium silicate and an ethyl silicate consolidant are studied. The chemical–physical characterization of xerogels achieved from\ud
the examined products were carried out determining the superficial area (BET method) and the average dimension of particles (SAXS)\ud
while the chemical structure of xerogels were investigated through NMR MAS spectroscopy of the 29Si nucleus. The investigation on\ud
reactivity between silica and stone support was executed by mixing consolidants with calcite and quartz powder to simplify as much\ud
as possible the system otherwise very complex. On silica produced by the three examined consolidants structural differences are revealed\ud
and these diversities can be responsible for the dissimilar reactivity of the silicatic systems towards the stone, in particular with regard to\ud
the carbonatic component
|
CHARACTERIZATION AND REACTIVITY OF SILICATIC CONSOLIDANS
|
characterization and reactivity of silicatic consolidans
|
reactivity silicatic consolidants conservation valuable artistic cultural porous discussed. colloidal suspension silica sodium silicate ethyl silicate consolidant studied. chemical–physical xerogels determining superficial saxs xerogels spectroscopy nucleus. reactivity silica stone executed consolidants calcite quartz powder simplify complex. silica consolidants diversities dissimilar reactivity silicatic stone regard carbonatic
|
exact_dup
|
[
"41115191"
] |
54025515
|
10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.09.011
|
International audienceWe conducted an experimental study to constrain the C-H-O solubility and speciation in hydrous silicate melts equilibrated under reduced fO2 conditions. Haplo-basaltic glasses in the NCMAS-C-O-H system were synthesised using IHPV at 1250 °C, 200-300 MPa with variable applied fH2 so as to vary fO2. Recovered rapidly quenched glasses were characterized using various spectroscopic methods: Micro-FTIR, Raman and 13C-MAS NMR. Glass CO2 content changes from 680 to 1320 ppm between ΔFMQ-2.6 and ΔFMQ + 2.6 independently of H2O content changing from 1.3 to 4.0 wt.%. Recent thermodynamic modelling of isobaric CO2-H2O solubility fails to reproduce our CO2-H2O solubility trend under reducing conditions. The lower CO2 solubility in the melt as compared to more oxidized conditions is directly correlated to the decrease of fCO2 within the fluid phase under reducing conditions. Carbonate groups (CO32-), OH- and H2Omol are the volatile species in the glasses. No evidence for CH4, carbides or organic compounds was observed. 13C MAS NMR analysis suggests that several carbonate units are coexisting in the glasses. {1H} 13C-CPMAS NMR suggests that all CO32- units are surrounded by OH groups. Those environments appear to slightly change with changing fO2 conditions suggesting different degree of hydrogenation in the vicinity of the carbonate groups. Our data show that the presence of a significant amount of dissolved does not increase the solubility of species such as CO or CH4. In other words, such species remain insoluble in basaltic melts, as established under dry conditions. Altogether, our CO2 solubility results show that a wet but reduced basalt will degass more C-species than if oxidized, owing to the lower prevailing fCO2 and insoluble character of CO. The presence of an important fraction of CO in the fluid phase will have a large impact on the primitive atmospheric compositions of Mars and the Earth
|
C-O-H fluid solubility in Haplo-basalt under reducing conditions: An experimental study
|
c-o-h fluid solubility in haplo-basalt under reducing conditions: an experimental study
|
audiencewe constrain solubility speciation hydrous silicate melts equilibrated conditions. haplo basaltic glasses ncmas synthesised ihpv vary recovered rapidly quenched glasses spectroscopic micro ftir raman nmr. glass δfmq δfmq independently changing thermodynamic isobaric solubility fails reproduce solubility reducing conditions. solubility melt oxidized reducing conditions. carbonate omol volatile glasses. carbides observed. carbonate coexisting glasses. cpmas surrounded groups. environments changing hydrogenation vicinity carbonate groups. dissolved solubility insoluble basaltic melts conditions. altogether solubility basalt degass oxidized owing prevailing insoluble character primitive compositions mars earth
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52737083",
"53012726"
] |
54025615
|
10.1016/j.epsl.2010.04.050
|
International audienceElectrical impedance measurements were performed on two types of partial molten samples with basaltic and carbonatitic melts in a Kawai-type multi-anvil apparatus in order to investigate melt fraction-conductivity relationships and melt distribution of the partial molten mantle peridotite under high pressure. The silicate samples were composed of San Carlos olivine with various amounts of mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB), and the carbonate samples were a mixture of San Carlos olivine with various amounts of carbonatite. High-pressure experiments on the silicate and carbonate systems were performed up to 1600 K at 1.5 GPa and up to at least 1650 K at 3 GPa, respectively. The sample conductivity increased with increasing melt fraction. Carbonatite-bearing samples show approximately one order of magnitude higher conductivity than basalt-bearing ones at the similar melt fraction. A linear relationship between log conductivity (σbulk) and log melt fraction (phi) can be expressed well by the Archie's law (Archie, 1942) (σbulk/σmelt = Cphin) with parameters C = 0.68 and 0.97, n = 0.87 and 1.13 for silicate and carbonate systems, respectively. Comparison of the electrical conductivity data with theoretical predictions for melt distribution indicates that the model assuming that the grain boundary is completely wetted by melt is the most preferable melt geometry. The gradual change of conductivity with melt fraction suggests no permeability jump due to melt percolation at a certain melt fraction. The melt fraction of the partial molten region in the upper mantle can be estimated to be 1-3% and not, vert, similar 0.3% for basaltic melt and carbonatite melt, respectively
|
Electrical conductivity of basaltic and carbonatite melt-bearing peridotites at high pressures: Implications for melt distribution and melt fraction in the upper mantle
|
electrical conductivity of basaltic and carbonatite melt-bearing peridotites at high pressures: implications for melt distribution and melt fraction in the upper mantle
|
audienceelectrical impedance molten basaltic carbonatitic melts kawai anvil apparatus melt conductivity melt molten mantle peridotite pressure. silicate composed carlos olivine amounts ocean ridge basalt morb carbonate mixture carlos olivine amounts carbonatite. silicate carbonate respectively. conductivity melt fraction. carbonatite bearing conductivity basalt bearing melt fraction. conductivity σbulk melt archie archie σbulk σmelt cphin silicate carbonate respectively. electrical conductivity melt grain wetted melt preferable melt geometry. gradual conductivity melt permeability jump melt percolation melt fraction. melt molten mantle vert basaltic melt carbonatite melt
|
exact_dup
|
[
"52738349"
] |
59243098
|
10.1063/1.2337384
|
We have developed a liquid phase immunoassay system utilizing a magnetic marker and a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). In this system, the magnetic marker was used to detect the biological material called antigen. The magnetic marker was designed so as to generate a remanence, and the remanence field of the markers that bound to the antigens was measured with the SQUID. The measurement was performed in a solution that contained both the bound and free (or unbound) markers, i.e., without using the so-called bound/free (BF) separation process. The Brownian rotation of the free markers in the solution was used to distinguish the bound markers from the free ones. Using the system, we conducted the detection of biological material called IgE without BF separation. At present, we could detect the IgE down to 7 pg (or 39 amol
|
Liquid phase immunoassay utilizing magnetic marker and high Tc superconducting quantum interference device
|
liquid phase immunoassay utilizing magnetic marker and high tc superconducting quantum interference device
|
immunoassay utilizing marker superconducting interference squid marker detect antigen. marker remanence remanence markers antigens squid. unbound markers i.e. process. brownian markers distinguish markers ones. separation. detect amol
|
exact_dup
|
[
"147421935"
] |
61342998
|
10.1103/PhysRevA.73.063605
|
In a Bose-Einstein condensate of^87Rb (F=2,mF=2) atoms we have topologically created a quantized vortex with a charge of 4 by reversing the magnetic field of the trap. Experimental conditions of reversal time and initial magnetic field strength for the successful vortex creation were restricted within narrower ranges, compared to those in the case of the ^23Na condensate. The experimental difficulty was explained in terms of a non-negligible gravitational sag arising from its large atomic mass. We have successfully stabilized the vortex formation by compensating gravity with a blue-detuned laser beam
|
Topological formation of a multiply charged vortex in the Rb Bose-Einstein condensate: Effectiveness of the gravity compensation
|
topological formation of a multiply charged vortex in the rb bose-einstein condensate: effectiveness of the gravity compensation
|
bose einstein condensate topologically created quantized vortex reversing trap. reversal successful vortex creation restricted narrower ranges condensate. difficulty negligible gravitational arising mass. successfully stabilized vortex compensating detuned
|
exact_dup
|
[
"59036589"
] |
61344460
|
10.1016/j.jnucmat.2008.12.180
|
In order to investigate the effect of the environment on the irradiation creep properties of
highly purified V-4Cr-4Ti alloys, neutron irradiation experiments with sodium-enclosed irradiation
capsules in Joyo and lithium-enclosed irradiation capsules in HFIR-17J were carried out using
pressurized creep tubes (PCTs).
It was found that the creep strain rate exhibited a linear relationship with the effective stress
up to 150 MPa at 458°C and 598°C in the Joyo irradiation experiments. For HFIR-17J irradiation
at 425°C, the creep strain rate also exhibited a linear relationship with the effective stress up to
150 MPa. The activation energy of the irradiation creep and irradiation creep stress factor were
estimated to be 46 kJ/mol·K and 1 to 2, respectively. No significant difference in the irradiation
creep behavior between liquid-sodium and liquid-lithium environments could be seen
|
Environmental effects on irradiation creep behavior of highly purified V-4Cr-4Ti alloys (NIFS-Heats) irradiated by neutrons
|
environmental effects on irradiation creep behavior of highly purified v-4cr-4ti alloys (nifs-heats) irradiated by neutrons
|
irradiation creep purified alloys neutron irradiation sodium enclosed irradiation capsules joyo lithium enclosed irradiation capsules hfir pressurized creep tubes pcts creep exhibited joyo irradiation experiments. hfir irradiation creep exhibited mpa. irradiation creep irradiation creep mol·k respectively. irradiation creep sodium lithium environments
|
exact_dup
|
[
"59036755"
] |
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