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Does intravenous polyethylene glycol successfully treat severe acceleration-induced brain injury in rats as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging?
A single intravenous dose of PEG dramatically limits sequelae of severe acceleration-induced brain injury--in this case, assessed by cytotoxic edema on DW-MRI--by intervening at the primary injury level of neuronal membrane disruption. This outcome is unprecedented, as no prior treatments for DAI have demonstrated similar efficacy. DAI treatment with intravenous PEG may have future clinical relevance and warrants further investigation.
Does small interfering RNA-mediated down-regulation of SPAG9 inhibit cervical tumor growth?
These results suggest that SPAG9 expression may play a pivotal role in tumor growth and could contribute to the early spread of cervical cancer. Small interfering RNA-mediated down-regulation of SPAG9 represents a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of cervical cancer.
Does propofol enhance memory formation via an interaction with the endocannabinoid system?
These findings indicate that propofol, in contrast to other commonly used sedatives, enhances emotional memory consolidation when administered immediately after a stressful event by enhancing endocannabinoid signaling.
Are changes in serum lipids , independent of weight , associated with changes in symptoms during long-term clozapine treatment?
Elevation of serum lipids is associated with an improvement in schizophrenia symptoms in subjects treated with clozapine. Although the mechanism is unclear, serum lipids may play a role in influencing clozapine's therapeutic activity.
Is plasma homocysteine related to folate intake but not training status?
High energy intake (> 16.72 MJ/d) allows the necessary folate intake (> 500 microg/d) for tHcy decrease to occur, which is moreover favored by aerobic activity. The mechanism underlying low tHcy in relation to high EE could only play a minor role when compared to the effect of dietary folate intake on tHcy.
Does pridopidine selectively occupy sigma-1 rather than dopamine D2 receptors at behaviorally active doses?
At doses shown to elicit neurochemical and behavioral effects, pridopidine occupied a large fraction of sigma-1Rs and a negligible fraction of D2Rs. Significant D2R occupancy was only observed at a dose 20-fold higher than was required for sigma-1R occupancy. The characteristics of dopamine stabilizers may result from the combination of high sigma-1R and low D2R affinity.
Does oximeter 's acquisition parameter influence the profile of respiratory disturbances?
These data confirm the impact of different oximetric recording settings on the profile of RDEs and the importance of reporting such acquisition settings in studies of sleep disordered breathing.
Is shift work at young age associated with increased risk of multiple sclerosis in a Danish population?
This study supports a statistically significant association between shift work at age 15-19 years and MS risk.
Does acute short-term mental stress influence salivary flow rate dynamics?
Acute stress has no impact on the salivary flow rate; however, there may be other responses through salivary proteins that are increased with the acute stress stimuli. Future studies are needed to examine specific proteins and their possible roles in acute stress responses.
Do program director perceived factors for an enhanced advanced education program in prosthodontics recall system?
Prosthodontic program directors perceived their program's recall system could be improved. If solutions to the most common hindrances were found, almost all program directors desired to establish a recall system within their AEPP. Therefore, a pilot recall system could be valuable in identifying these solutions in establishing an effective recall system for prosthodontic programs within the context of patient health promotion, program curriculum, and financial ramifications.
Is rapid deaminator status associated with poor clinical outcome in pancreatic cancer patients treated with a gemcitabine-based regimen?
This pilot study strongly suggests that UM patients are nearly five-times more likely to have progressive disease than patients with normal or low CDA activities, and that beside molecular events at the tumor level, upstream deregulations affecting drug disposition should be taken into account.
Does dexamethasone reduce the inflammatory response to cardiopulmonary bypass in children?
Dexamethasone administration prior to CPB in children leads to a reduction in the postbypass inflammatory response as assessed by cytokine levels and clinical course.
Do specific serotonin reuptake inhibitor-induced decreases in lymphocyte activity require endogenous serotonin release?
These results suggest that decreases in mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation following acute fluoxetine administration were due to elevations in extracellular serotonin following reuptake inhibition.
Is cREB-mediated IL-6 expression required for 15 ( S ) -hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid-induced vascular smooth muscle cell migration?
The above results suggest a role for 15-LOX2-15-HETE in the regulation of VSMC migration and neointima formation involving CREB-mediated IL-6 expression.
Is plasma follistatin elevated in patients with type 2 diabetes : relationship to hyperglycemia , hyperinsulinemia , and systemic low-grade inflammation?
Plasma follistatin is moderately elevated in patients with type 2 diabetes. Our findings suggest that this is not likely caused by hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia or systemic low-grade inflammation.
Does alkali-degraded cornea generate a low molecular weight chemoattractant for polymorphonuclear leukocytes?
This agent may be one of the inflammatory mediators that trigger the early neutrophil response after an alkali-injury to the eye.
Is serum acylated ghrelin negatively correlated with the insulin resistance in the CODING study?
Our results suggest that except for postmenopausal women, high circulating ghrelin level is associated with lower insulin resistance in the general population.
Is compulsory drug detention exposure associated with not receiving antiretroviral treatment among people who inject drugs in Bangkok , Thailand : a cross-sectional study?
Approximately half of our study group of HIV-positive PWID reported not receiving ART at the time of interview. Daily midazolam injectors, those with lower education attainment, and individuals who had been in compulsory drug detention were more likely to be non-recipients of ART whereas those who accessed peer-based healthcare-related services were more likely to receive ART. These findings suggest a potentially adverse impact of compulsory drug detention and highlight the need to expand interventions to facilitate access to ART among HIV-positive PWID in this setting.
Is intraperitoneal tumor growth influenced by pressure of carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum?
High-pressure CO(2) pneumoperitoneum stimulates intra-abdominal tumor growth. The use of low insufflation pressures in laparoscopic cancer surgery should be considered.
Do fear avoidance beliefs predict disability in older adults with chronic low back pain?
FABs related to physical activity in older adults with CLBP were significantly associated with both self-reported and performance-based disability after controlling for known confounders. Previous studies have reported similar associations between self-reported measures of disabling back pain and FABs. Ours is the first study to examine the relationship between FAB and gait speed, a powerful predictor of morbidity and mortality. Future work should examine whether targeting fear avoidance in addition to other psychosocial measures in older adults with CLBP improves gait speed and functional independence.
Do bending moments of zirconia and titanium implant abutments supporting all-ceramic crowns after aging?
The differently connected zirconia abutments exhibited similar bending moments with the exception of one group. Hence, the type of connection only had a minor effect on the stability of restored zirconia abutments. In general, restored titanium abutments exhibited the highest bending moments.
Does three-dimensional stereotactic surface projection of brain perfusion SPECT improve diagnosis of Alzheimer 's disease?
3D-SSP enhanced performance of the nuclear medicine physicians inspecting SPECT. Performance of the automated diagnosis exceeded that of the physicians inspecting SPECT with and without 3D-SSP.
Is vitamin D status associated with disease activity among rheumatology outpatients?
Inadequate vitamin D status in SARDs cases, along with considerably strong association with disease activity in RA cases, indicate the need for proper evaluation of vitamin D status in this clinical population. Moreover, appropriate training should be given to the patients to ensure the intake of the recommended amount of vitamin D per day through diet or supplement.
Does helicobacter pylori have no effect on plasma ghrelin levels?
H. pylori has no effect on plasma ghrelin concentration.
Does dBZ block LPS-induced monocyte activation and foam cell formation via inhibiting nuclear factor-ĸB?
These results demonstrate that DBZ has potentials on anti-atherosclerosis by suppressing monocyte activation and foam cell formation.
Do quality of life assessment as the treatment outcome evaluation of war torture survivors according to gender?
Generally, the quality of life results, both men and women war torture survivors are representing the evaluation of treatment outcome, justifying fully purpose of this treatment type.
Do mindful attention and awareness mediate the association between age and negative affect?
These findings imply that mindfulness skills may be an important link between age and negative affect. Implications of these findings for the understanding of the well-being paradox are discussed.
Is caveolin-1 enriched in the peroxisomal membrane of rat hepatocytes?
Caveolin-1 is enriched in peroxisomes of hepatocytes. Caveolin-1 is not required for peroxisome biogenesis, but this unique subcellular location may determine its important role in hepatocyte proliferation and lipid metabolism.
Is saquinavir drug exposure impaired by the boosted double protease inhibitor combination of lopinavir/ritonavir?
Effective plasma levels of both saquinavir and lopinavir can be achieved by the co-administration of saquinavir soft-gel capsules and lopinavir/ritonavir. This boosted double PI combination could be an effective option for patients with limited RTI options.
Does combination of droperidol and ondansetron reduce PONV after pediatric strabismus surgery more than single drug therapy?
Droperidol 15 microg kg(-1) in combination with ondansetron 100 microg kg(-1), administered at the induction and end of the operative procedure respectively, is more effective than either drug given individually in reducing the incidence of PONV after strabismus surgery.
Does evaluation of reproductive barriers contribute to the development of novel interspecific hybrids in the Kalanchoë genus?
Our study presents the first comprehensive analysis of hybridization barriers occurring within Kalanchoë genus. Reproductive barriers were detected on both, pre- and post-fertilization levels. This new knowledge will contribute to further understanding of reproductive isolation of Kalanchoë species and facilitate breeding of new cultivars. For the first time, interspecific hybrids between K. nyikae as maternal plant and K. blossfeldiana as well as K. blossfeldiana and K. marnieriana were generated.
Is the chemokine ligand CXCL16 an indicator of bacterial infection in necrotizing pancreatitis?
Serum CXCL16 is increased in severe pancreatitis with infected pancreatic necrosis and identifies patients who benefit from surgical necrosectomy.
Is nuclear factor-kappa-B-inhibitor alpha ( NFKBIA ) a developmental marker of NF-κB/p65 activation during in vitro oocyte maturation and early embryogenesis?
The IκBα/NF-κB circuit appears to be a tightly stage-controlled mechanism that could govern OET, being activated at EGA. Our findings represent the first characterization of NFKBIA and IκBα as maternal effectors in both the bovine oocyte and embryo. We suggest a role for NFKBIA as a marker of NF-κB/p65 activation in the human oocyte and early embryo.
Do a predictive model of cochlear implant performance in postlingually deafened adults?
The University of Massachusetts CI formula uses HINT sentence scores and the hearing history of both ears to predict the variance in postoperative monosyllabic word scores. This model compares favorably with previous studies that relied on Central Institute for the Deaf sentence scores and uses patient data collected by most centers in the United States.
Does cigarette Smoking Condensate disrupt Endoplasmic Reticulum-Golgi Network Homeostasis Through GOLPH3 Expression in Normal Lung Epithelial Cells?
Our study revealed that CSC caused lung damage through the disruption of ER-Golgi homeostasis and autophagy induction. The expression level of the trans-Golgi marker protein GOLPH3 could serve as a reliable bio-indicator for CS-related lung cancer.
Are c9orf72 and UNC13A shared risk loci for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia : a genome-wide meta-analysis?
We identified common genetic variants in C9orf72, but in addition in UNC13A that are shared between ALS and FTD. UNC13A provides a novel link between ALS and FTD-TDP, and identifies changes in neurotransmitter release and synaptic function as a converging mechanism in the pathogenesis of ALS and FTD-TDP.
Does low-level expression of Smad7 correlate with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis in patients with pancreatic cancer?
We conclude that low-level expression of Smad7 in pancreatic cancer is significantly associated with lymph node metastasis, high MMP2 expression, and poor prognosis.
Does differentiation of autoimmune pancreatitis with pancreatic carcinoma remain a challenge to physicians?
Although some recent advances have been made to help the diagnosis of AIP, the differentiation between AIP and pancreatic carcinoma is still a challenge. Clinicians must remember to exclude AIP before making a diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma.
Do indian Asian men have less peripheral arterial disease than European men for equivalent levels of coronary disease?
For a given level of coronary disease, Indian Asians have less lower limb atherosclerosis than Europeans, unexplained by established risk factors. Further study of these populations would help tease out relative contributions of risk factors to atherosclerosis in different vessel beds.
Does differentiation of pancreatic acinar cells to hepatocytes require an intermediate cell type?
The phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway is important in the transdifferentiation of acinar cells to hepatocytes and those hepatocytes arise from acinar cells via ABCG2-expressing intermediates. Furthermore, ABCG2-expressing cells are multipotent and able to differentiate into hepatocytes and insulin-producing beta cells.
Does the skin-traction method increase the cross-sectional area of the internal jugular vein by increasing its anteroposterior diameter?
This method significantly increased the cross-sectional area of the RIJV by increasing the anteroposterior diameter of the RIJV. Even in the flat position, this method was almost as efficacious as the Trendelenburg position. This method thus appears to facilitate IJV cannulation.
Is high expression of periostin dramatically associated with metastatic potential and poor prognosis of patients with osteosarcoma?
Our data suggest that PN is a promising biomarker for identifying individuals with poor prognostic potential and suggests its possible use as a prognostic marker in patients with osteosarcoma.
Is mutational activation of FGFR3 involved in the development of prostate cancer?
The most recently reported FGFR3 mutations in low-grade prostate tumors could not be verified in our series. There were also no mutations in prostate tumors from patients with concomitant bladder tumors as reported previously. These data suggest that the mutational activation of FGFR3 plays no important role in prostate carcinogenesis, which is in accordance with previous studies performed on smaller tumor cohorts.
Does cyclin D1 and Ki-67 expression correlate to tumor staging in tongue squamous cell carcinoma?
Ki-67 and Cyclin D1 pose as auxiliary tools when determining the progression of tongue SCC at the time of diagnosis.
Does hormone replacement therapy cause a decrease in hepatocyte growth factor in hypertensive women?
Serum HGF level before the start of HRT was higher in the hypertensive PMW than in the normotensive PMW. Furthermore, HRT decreases serum HGF without decreasing blood pressure in hypertensive PMW. The HRT-induced decrease in serum HGF was greater in hypertensive PMW than in normotensive PMW, and the decrease was independent of blood pressure changes.
Are valvular flow abnormalities often identified by a resting focused Doppler examination performed at the time of stress echocardiography?
Focused Doppler documents valvular flow abnormalities in 17% of patients referred for stress echocardiography, thereby enhancing the potential overall value of the test. The frequency of new findings was independent of the time interval from the previous Doppler study. These data should be considered when clinicians choose a stress imaging modality.
Are artemisinin and thiabendazole potent inhibitors of cytochrome P450 1A2 ( CYP1A2 ) activity in humans?
Co-administration of thiabendazole or artemisinin with CYP1A2 substrates could result in clinically significant effects. Our results highlight the validity of in vitro data in predicting in vivo CYP inhibition. The formation of paraxanthine seems to be a better indicator of in vivo CYP1A2 activity than caffeine levels.
Does naloxone combined with epinephrine decrease cerebral injury in cardiopulmonary resuscitation?
Naloxone combined with epinephrine significantly increased the resuscitation rate in a rat model. Furthermore, the combination of naloxone and epinephrine increased the NDS after cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Does identification of abnormal screening mammogram interpretation using Medicare claim data?
Medicare claims may be a feasible data source for research or quality improvement efforts addressing high rates of abnormal screening mammography.
Do preoperative factors predict perioperative morbidity and mortality after pancreaticoduodenectomy?
Preoperative factors are associated with perioperative outcomes after PD. The prediction tool estimates the probability of early morbidity and mortality for patients undergoing PD. The tool may be used to provide information for patient counseling during the informed consent process and to identify high-risk patients for the purpose of tailoring perioperative care.
Does selective ablation of mu-opioid receptor expressing neurons in the rostral ventromedial medulla attenuate stress-induced mechanical hypersensitivity?
The finding that chronic stress produces mechanical hypersensitivity through circuitry that involves the RVM provides a potential neurobiological basis for the complex interaction between chronic stress and pain.
Is beclin-1 expression retained in high-grade serous ovarian cancer yet is not essential for autophagy induction in vitro?
Taken together, these data demonstrate that despite its sustained expression, Beclin-1 is dispensable for autophagy induction in ovarian tumor cells in vitro, yet may be retained to promote cell viability by a mechanism independent of autophagy or apoptosis regulation. Overall, this work makes novel observations about tumor expression of Beclin-1 and challenges the accepted understanding of its role in regulating autophagy in ovarian cancer.
Are polymorphisms in the SUFU gene associated with organ injury protection and sepsis severity in patients with Enterobacteriacea bacteremia?
Host susceptibility factors play an important role in sepsis development and sepsis related organ injury. Polymorphisms in the SUFU gene (encoding for a negative regulator of the hedgehog signaling pathway) are associated with protection from Enterobacteriacea bacteremia related organ injury and sepsis severity.
Are adolescent cancer survivors ' smoking intentions associated with aggression , attention , and smoking history?
A concerning minority of adolescent survivors have clear intentions to smoke, a behavior that adds to their overall health risk. Smoking intentions and experimentation are important precursors to regular smoking. Prevention efforts are needed to interrupt the progression from intentions and experimentation to established smoking and nicotine dependence in this medically vulnerable population.
Is effect of morphine-induced antinociception altered by AF64A-induced lesions on cholinergic neurons in rat nucleus raphe magnus?
These findings suggest that cholinergic neuron activation in the NRM modulates the antinociceptive effect of morphine simultaneously with the opiate system.
Does proteasome-mediated reduction in proapoptotic molecule Bim render CD4⁺CD28null T cells resistant to apoptosis in acute coronary syndrome?
We show that CD28(null) T cells in ACS harbor marked defects in molecules that regulate T-cell apoptosis, which tips the balance in favor of antiapoptotic signals and endows these cells with resistance to apoptosis. We demonstrate that the inhibition of proteasomal activity allows CD28(null) T cells to regain sensitivity to apoptosis. A better understanding of the molecular switches that control the apoptosis sensitivity of CD28(null) T cells may reveal novel strategies for targeted elimination of these T cells in ACS patients.
Do interneurons in the mouse visual thalamus maintain a high degree of retinal convergence throughout postnatal development?
The lack of pruning onto interneurons suggests that the activity-dependent refinement of retinal connections in dLGN is cell-type specific. The high degree of retinal convergence onto interneurons may be necessary for these cells to provide both widespread and local forms of inhibition in dLGN.
Is interleukin-10 gene polymorphism associated with alcoholism but not with alcoholic liver disease?
The -592C>A IL10 polymorphism is not related to the risk of ALC. Nevertheless, our study shows that alcoholism is associated with an excess of allele A carriers in alcoholic patients.
Are inflammation and endothelial dysfunction associated with retinopathy : the Hoorn Study?
In this study, inflammatory activity and endothelial dysfunction were associated with retinopathy, which suggests their involvement in the pathogenesis of retinopathy.
Is iodine -131 metaiodobenzylguanidine an effective treatment for malignant pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma?
These data support (131)I-MIBG treatment for select patients with metastatic pheochromocytoma. In our experience, prolonged survival was best predicted by symptomatic and hormone response to (131)I-MIBG treatment. An initial dose of 500 mCi may be optimal. The benefit of (131)I-MIBG treatment for metastatic pheochromocytoma must also be weighed against its side effects.
Do an update of the statistical methods underlying the FELS method of skeletal maturity assessment?
Improvements to the statistical basis of the FELS method provide a more effective method of estimating skeletal maturity.
Do dab1 tyrosine phosphorylation sites relay positional signals during mouse brain development?
Dab1 is downregulated by the Reln signal in neurons in the absence of tyrosine phosphorylation. Dab1 tyrosine phosphorylation sites and not downregulation of Dab1 protein are required for Reln signaling.
Is low serum ferroxidase I activity associated with mortality in heart failure and related to both peroxynitrite-induced cysteine oxidation and tyrosine nitration of ceruloplasmin?
Reduced activity of serum FeOxI is associated with ceruloplasmin nitration and reduced survival in patients with HF. Both ceruloplasmin tyrosine nitration and cysteine thiol oxidation may be operant in vivo in peroxynitrite-induced FeOxI activity inhibition.
Does delayed ischemic preconditioning activate nuclear-encoded electron-transfer-chain gene expression in parallel with enhanced postanoxic mitochondrial respiratory recovery?
Delayed preconditioned mitochondria display increased tolerance against anoxia-reoxygenation in association with modifications in mitochondrial bioenergetics, with concordant genomic induction of a mitochondrial energetic gene regulatory program. This program appears to be mediated by reactive oxygen species signaling.
Does extended pelvic lymph node dissection affect erectile function recovery in patients treated with bilateral nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy?
The extent of PLND is not associated with potency after BNSRP. Conversely, other factors such as age at surgery and preoperative EF represent the major predictors of postoperative potency recovery. Therefore, when indicated, ePLND can be safely performed without compromising EF outcomes.
Does uniparental markers of contemporary Italian population reveal details on its pre-Roman heritage?
Italy shows patterns of molecular variation mirroring other European countries, although some heterogeneity exists based on different analysis and molecular markers. From North to South, Italy shows clinal patterns that were most likely modulated during Neolithic times.
Does insulin-like growth factor messenger RNA-binding protein 3 expression help prognostication in patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma?
IMP3 was expressed in 12.2% of patients with UTUC (n=76). The expression was tumor specific and correlated with higher stages/grades. Within a median follow-up of 27 mo (interquartile range [IQR]: 12-53), 191 patients (25.4%) experienced disease recurrence, and 165 (21.9%) died of the disease. Patients with IMP3 demonstrated significantly worse recurrence-free survival (27.4% vs 75.1%; p<0.01), cancer-specific survival (34.5% vs 78.9%; p<0.01), and overall survival (15.6% vs 64.8%; p<0.01) at 5 yr compared with those without IMP3. In multivariable Cox regression analyses, which adjusted for the effects of standard clinicopathologic features, IMP3 expression was independently associated with disease recurrence (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.87; p<0.01), cancer-specific mortality (HR: 2.15; p<0.01), and all-cause mortality (HR: 2.07; p<0.01). Major limitations include the retrospective design and relatively short follow-up time.
Is pulse pressure associated with age and cardiovascular disease in type 1 diabetes : the Eurodiab Prospective Complications Study?
This study shows an association of age with pulse pressure in young type 1 diabetic individuals, which is stronger in the presence of microvascular complications. In addition, both mean arterial pressure and pulse pressure are associated with incident cardiovascular disease. These findings support the concept of early vascular ageing in type 1 diabetes, especially in the presence of microvascular complications.
Is baseline elevated leukocyte count in peripheral blood associated with poor survival in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer : a prognostic model?
Performance status, white blood cells count, histology and brain metastases resulted in our series prognostic factors of survival in NSCLC patients treated with chemotherapy at a multivariate analysis. Leukocyte count resulted the stronger factor after performance status. If prospectly validated, the proposed prognostic model could be useful to stratify performance status 2 patients in specific future trials.
Is growth suppression of a tumorigenic rat liver cell line by the anticancer agent , ET-18-O-CH ( 3 ) , mediated by inhibition of cytokinesis?
The effect of ET-18-O-CH(3) on neoplastically transformed H-ras rat liver cells has been interpreted as the result of an altered phenotype characterized by an enlarged and flattened cell morphology with ploidy changes caused by inhibition of cytokinesis.
Does leishmania amazonensis infection impair dendritic cell migration from the inflammatory site to the draining lymph node?
Coincubation with Leishmania changes the migratory pattern of dendritic cells in vivo. Such changes in dendritic cell migration may be associated with immunological events that maintain inflammation at the sites of infection.
Is association between birth weight and objectively measured sedentary time mediated by central adiposity : data in 10,793 youth from the International Children 's Accelerometry Database?
The association between birth weight and sedentary time appears partially mediated by central adiposity, suggesting that both birth weight and abdominal adiposity may be correlates of sedentary time in youth.
Does a switch from propofol to etomidate during an ECT course increase EEG and motor seizure duration?
Our data show that the switch more than doubles EEG seizure duration and suggest that etomidate can be used instead of methohexital as an alternative in patients with short seizure duration. It is also a potential option to avoid the pain frequently associated with the injection of propofol.
Does glycomacropeptide and alpha-lactalbumin supplementation of infant formula affect growth and nutritional status in infant rhesus monkeys?
Glycomacropeptide- or alpha-lactalbumin-supplemented formula has no adverse effects on nutritional status in infant monkeys. Glycomacropeptide supplementation increases zinc absorption, which may permit the reduction of formula zinc concentrations, and alpha-lactalbumin supplementation promotes a plasma amino acid pattern similar to that of breastfed infant monkeys.
Does rosiglitazone attenuate activation of human Tenon 's fibroblasts induced by transforming growth factor-β1?
Rosiglitazone can effectively attenuate activation of HTFs induced by TGF-β1 without obvious toxicity. The possible mechanism might be that rosiglitazone interferes with TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway.
Do cCL25/CCR9 interactions regulate the function of iNKT cells in oxazolone-induced colitis in mice?
Our study suggests that CCL25/CCR9 interactions may promote the induction and function of iNKT cells during oxazolone-induced colitis. These findings may have important implications for UC treatment and suggest a role for CCR9 inhibitors.
Does ketamine suppress endotoxin-induced tumor necrosis factor alpha production in mice?
Ketamine suppresses LPS-induced TNF-alpha production in both TGC-elicited MPs and TGC-pretreated mice.
Do gene-silencing antisense oligomers inhibit acinetobacter growth in vitro and in vivo?
PPMOs targeted to essential genes of A. lwoffii and A. baumannii were bactericidal and had MICs in a clinically relevant range. (RXR)4-AcpP increased survival of mice infected with A. lwoffii or A. baumannii, even when initial treatment was delayed after infection. PPMOs could be a viable therapeutic approach in dealing with multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter species.
Do inflammatory markers 10 weeks after myocardial infarction predict future cardiovascular events?
Increased inflammatory markers (CRP, ESR, sICAM-1) at 10 weeks after MI are independent risk factors for recurrent cardiovascular events. Measuring CRP, ESR and sICAM-1 at this time point is useful in long-term prognosis after MI. Changes in inflammatory indices (ESR, WBC, sICAM-1) measured at 10 days and 10 weeks following infarction show a different pattern in patients with and without recurrent cardiovascular events. (Cardiol J 2007; 14: 50-58).
Is absence of neonatal intensive care units in secondary medical care zones an independent risk factor of high perinatal mortality in Japan?
To consider directions in perinatal medical care, planned arrangement and appropriate access to NICUs is indispensable.
Is high-resolution X-ray microtomography a sensitive method to detect vascular calcification in living rats with chronic renal failure?
In vivo micro-CT scanning is a sensitive method to detect vascular calcifications in CRF rats, allowing follow-up and quantification of the development, and potential reversal during treatment, of vascular calcifications in living animals.
Does competency-based instruction in critical invasive skills improve both resident performance and patient safety?
(1) Residents' skills rapidly improve with CBI; (2) skills learned through CBI in the laboratory can be translated to and sustained in the clinical setting; (3) CBI produces competent residents who perform skills rapidly and with minimal complications.
Do rice pseudomolecule-anchored cross-species DNA sequence alignments indicate regional genomic variation in expressed sequence conservation?
Physical positions of expressed genes in the rice genome are correlated with the degree of conservation of similar sequences in the transcriptomes of other plant species. This relative conservation is associated with the distribution of different sized gene families and segmentally duplicated loci and may have functional and evolutionary implications.
Do bone marrow-derived microglia infiltrate into the paraventricular nucleus of chronic psychological stress-loaded mice?
Chronic PS induces the infiltration of bone marrow-derived microglia into PVN, and it is conceivable that the MCP-1/CCR2 axis in PVN and the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis in bone marrow are involved in this mechanism.
Is αB-crystallin Expression in Breast Cancer Associated with Brain Metastasis?
αB-crystallin is a promising biomarker to identify breast cancer patients at high risk for early relapse in the brain, independent of ER and HER2 status.
Does sensory denervation modulate eIF-2 alpha kinase expression in the rabbit lacrimal gland?
The results suggest that loss of sensory innervation has a role in the lacrimal gland, contributing to the expression of HRI eIF-2a kinase, a pivotal negative regulator of protein synthesis. A reduction in control of protein synthesis may lead to the translation of repressed messages associated with cell stress responses.
Is cognitive performance impaired in coeliac patients on gluten free diet : a case-control study in patients older than 65 years of age?
Cognitive performance is worse in elderly coeliac disease than control patients, despite prolonged gluten avoidance in coeliacs. Awareness on the increasing phenomenon of late-onset coeliac disease is important to minimize diagnostic delay and prolonged exposure to gluten that may adversely and irreversibly affect cognitive function.
Is impact of phenylephrine administration on cerebral tissue oxygen saturation and blood volume modulated by carbon dioxide in anaesthetized patients?
The negative impact of phenylephrine treatment on Sct(O(2)) and CBV is intensified during hypocapnia while blunted during hypercapnia.
Are interferon-gamma assay in combination with tuberculin skin test insufficient for the diagnosis of culture-negative pulmonary tuberculosis?
Our results do not show that a combination of IGRA and TST might be a step forward in the diagnosis of culture-negative TB cases. However, M. tuberculosis-stimulated IFN-γ levels might help to assess the extent of pulmonary TB lesions.
Is autonomic dysfunction related to impaired pancreatic beta cell function in patients with coronary artery disease?
The data are consistent with the hypothesis that beta cell failure plays a pathogenic role in the development of autonomic dysfunction in patients with coronary artery disease.
Is nuclear factor-kappaB selectively and markedly activated in humans with unstable angina pectoris?
These data show that NF-kappaB is specifically and significantly activated in unstable angina pectoris and is not affected by severity of CAD or medical therapy. Furthermore, because NF-kappaB is activated before a clinical event, it may be mechanistically involved in the plaque disruption that produces acute coronary artery syndromes.
Is a frameshift mutation in GON4L associated with proportionate dwarfism in Fleckvieh cattle?
A frameshift mutation in GON4L is associated with autosomal recessive proportionate dwarfism in Fleckvieh cattle. The mutation has segregated in the population for more than 50 years without being recognized as a genetic disorder. However, the widespread use of an undetected carrier bull for artificial insemination caused a sudden accumulation of homozygous calves with dwarfism. Our findings provide the basis for genome-based mating strategies to avoid the inadvertent mating of carrier animals and thereby prevent the birth of homozygous calves with impaired growth.
Do [ Visualization of cochlear implant electrode movements in the cochlea by using x-ray microscopy ]?
The dynamic examination technique disclosed that the stiffness of actual electrode cables is not optimally adapted to the form of the cochlear cavity for deep insertion. The non-destructive visualisation technique will facilitate the development of advanced electrode design, especially for various concepts of perimodiolar electrodes.
Are behavioral variables and education predictors of dietary change in the Women 's Health Trial : Feasibility Study in Minority Populations?
Nutrition education can be an effective tool for improving diets, but behavioral characteristics deserve greater attention in helping to design the most effective approaches for various target groups.
Is familial phosphofructokinase deficiency associated with a disturbed calcium homeostasis in erythrocytes?
We conclude that the different calcium ion-induced effects on energy metabolism, structure and function of patients' erythrocytes are due to an augmented membrane leakage of Ca2+ and therefore an accumulated intracellular Ca2+ pool. This will result in an increased energy demand by the Ca2+-stimulated ATPase (calcium pump) to compensate for the dissipated Ca2+ gradient across the plasma membrane. The concomitant haemolysis may be explained by a diminished erythrocyte deformability due to Ca2+ overload.
Is mesangial expansion associated with glomerular endothelial cell activation and macrophage recruitment developing in hyperlipidaemic apoE null mice?
In apoE null mice, severe hyperlipidaemia leads to glomerular injury characterized by glomerular endothelial cell activation and macrophage recruitment.
Does long-term exposure to local but not inhalation anesthetics affect neurite regeneration and synapse formation between identified lymnaea neurons?
This study thus provides the first comparative, albeit preclinical, account of the effects of both general and local anesthetics on synaptic transmission, nerve regeneration, and synapse formation and demonstrates that clinically used lidocaine and bupivacaine have drastic long-term effects on neurite regeneration and synapse formation as compared with sevoflurane and isoflurane.
Is ethanol seeking by Long Evans rats always a goal-directed behavior?
Operant behavior by rats trained to self-administer an ethanol-sucrose solution showed variable sensitivity to a change in the value of ethanol, with relative insensitivity developing sooner in animals that received time-variable ethanol reinforcement during training sessions. One important implication, with respect to substance abuse in humans, is that initial learning about the relationship between instrumental actions and the opportunity to consume ethanol-containing drinks can influence the time course for the development or expression of habitual ethanol seeking behavior.
Is posterior staphyloma related to optic disc morphology and the location of visual field defect in normal tension glaucoma patients with myopia?
Optic disc torsion was a prominent finding in myopic NTG eyes when posterior staphyloma was located temporal to the optic disc. The location of posterior staphyloma was related to the direction of disc torsion and the location of VF defect.
Does central plasmid antisense administration reduce blood pressure inhibiting alpha2B adrenoceptor gene expression in spontaneously hypertensive rats in vivo?
Central injection of antisense DNA targeting alpha2B mRNA in the genetic model of hypertension of the SHR seems to have a significant hypotensive effect, at least on the first day of injection. The nucleus tractus solitarii seems to be the primary area of action of central alpha2B AR in SHRs.