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Some people in Tanzania speak Swahili.
|
[
{
"docid": "24c9acb4a537166513a365c39ac10a61",
"text": "Tanzania Tanzania -LSB- ˌtænzəˈniːə -RSB- , officially the United Republic of Tanzania ( Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania ) , is a country in Eastern Africa within the African Great Lakes region . Parts of the country are in Southern Africa . It is bordered by Kenya and Uganda to the north ; Rwanda , Burundi , and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west ; Zambia , Malawi , and Mozambique to the south ; and by the Indian Ocean to the east . Mount Kilimanjaro , Africa 's highest mountain , is in northeastern Tanzania . Tanzania 's population of 51.82 million ( 2014 ) is diverse , composed of several ethnic , linguistic , and religious groups . Tanzania is a presidential constitutional republic , and since 1996 , its official capital city has been Dodoma , where the President 's Office , the National Assembly , and some government ministries are located . Dar es Salaam , the former capital , retains most government offices and is the country 's largest city , principal port , and leading commercial centre . Tanzania is a one party dominant state with the socialist-progressive Chama Cha Mapinduzi ( CCM ) party in power . From its formation until 1992 , it was the only legally permitted party in the country . This changed on 1 July 1992 , when amendments to the Constitution and a number of laws permitting and regulating the formation and operations of more than one political party were enacted by the National Assembly . Elections for president and all National Assembly seats were last held in October 2015 . The CCM holds approximately 75 % of the seats in the assembly . Prehistoric population migrations include Southern Cushitic speakers , who are ancestral to the Iraqw , Gorowa , and Burunge and who moved south from Ethiopia into Tanzania . Based on linguistic evidence , there may also have been two movements into Tanzania of Eastern Cushitic people at about 4,000 and 2,000 years ago , originating from north of Lake Turkana . Archaeological evidence supports the conclusion that Southern Nilotes , including the Datoog , moved south from the present-day South Sudan-Ethiopia border region into central northern Tanzania between 2,900 and 2,400 years ago . These movements took place at about the same time as the settlement of the iron-making Mashariki Bantu from West Africa in the Lake Victoria and Lake Tanganyika areas . They brought with them the west African planting tradition and the primary staple of yams . They subsequently migrated out of these regions across the rest of Tanzania , between 2,300 and 1,700 years ago . European colonialism began in mainland Tanzania during the late 19th century when Germany formed German East Africa , which gave way to British rule following World War I . The mainland was governed as Tanganyika , with the Zanzibar Archipelago remaining a separate colonial jurisdiction . Following their respective independence in 1961 and 1963 , the two entities merged in April 1964 to form the United Republic of Tanzania . Tanzania is mountainous and densely forested in the northeast , where Mount Kilimanjaro is located . Three of Africa 's Great Lakes are partly within Tanzania . To the north and west lie Lake Victoria , Africa 's largest lake , and Lake Tanganyika , the continent 's deepest lake , known for its unique species of fish . The eastern shore is hot and humid , with the Zanzibar Archipelago just offshore . The Kalambo water falls in the southwestern region of Rukwa are the second highest uninterrupted fall in Africa and are located near the southeastern shore of Lake Tanganyika on the border with Zambia . The Menai Bay Conservation Area is Zanzibar 's largest marine protected area . Over 100 different languages are spoken in Tanzania , making it the most linguistically diverse country in East Africa . Among the languages spoken in Tanzania are all four of Africa 's language families : Bantu , Cushitic , Nilotic , and Khoisan . Swahili and English are Tanzania 's official languages . A highly multilingual country , Swahili is used in parliamentary debate , in the lower courts , and as a medium of instruction in primary school ; and English is used in foreign trade , in diplomacy , in higher courts , and as a medium of instruction in secondary and higher education , although the Tanzanian government plans to discontinue English as a language of instruction altogether . In connection with his Ujamaa social policies , President Nyerere encouraged the use of Swahili ; as a means of unifying the country 's many ethnic groups . Approximately 10 % of Tanzanians speak Swahili as a first language , and up to 90 % speak it as a second language . Most Tanzanians thus speak both Swahili and a local language ; many educated Tanzanians are trilingual ; also speaking English . The widespread use and promotion of Swahili is contributing to the decline of smaller languages in the country . Young children increasingly speak Swahili as a first language , mostly in urban areas . Tanzania-Malawi relations have been tense because of a dispute over the countries ' Lake Nyasa ( Lake Malawi ) border . An unsuccessful mediation regarding this issue happened in March 2014 . The two countries agreed in 2013 to ask the International Court of Justice ( ICJ ) to resolve the dispute should mediation be unsuccessful . Malawi , but not Tanzania , has accepted the compulsory jurisdiction of the ICJ .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "ab7425fc46988b60504298b74b361565",
"text": "Swahili literature Swahili literature is , generally speaking , literature written in the Swahili language , particularly by Swahili people of the East African coast and the neighboring islands . It may also refer to literature written by people who write in the Swahili language . It is an offshoot of the Bantu culture . The first literary works date back to the beginning of the 18th century , when all Swahili literature was written in the Arabic script . Jan Knappert considered the translation of the Arabic poem Hamziya from the year 1652 to be the earliest Swahili written text . Starting in the 19th century , missionaries and orientalists introduced the Latin script for writing the Swahili language .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "018c4de5294a9d03cb8649f1fb3bf5fd",
"text": "Afrikaans Afrikaans ( -LSB- ˌæfrᵻˈkɑːns , _ ˌɑːfri - , _ - ˈkɑːnts , _ - ˈkɑːnz -RSB- ) is a West Germanic language spoken in South Africa , Namibia and , to a lesser extent , Botswana and Zimbabwe . It evolved from the Dutch vernacular of South Holland ( Hollandic dialect ) spoken by the mainly Dutch settlers of what is now South Africa , where it gradually began to develop distinguishing characteristics in the course of the 18th century . Hence , it is a daughter language of Dutch , and was previously referred to as `` Cape Dutch '' ( a term also used to refer collectively to the early Cape settlers ) or `` kitchen Dutch '' ( a derogatory term used to refer to Afrikaans in its earlier days ) . However , it is also variously described as a creole or as a partially creolised language.Afrikaans is a daughter language of Dutch ; see , , , , , . Afrikaans was historically called Cape Dutch ; see , , , , , . Afrikaans is rooted in seventeenth century dialects of Dutch ; see , , , . Afrikaans is variously described as a creole , a partially creolised language , or a deviant variety of Dutch ; see . The term is ultimately derived from Dutch Afrikaans-Hollands meaning `` African Dutch '' . It is the first language of most of the Afrikaners and Coloureds of Southern Africa . Although Afrikaans has adopted words from other languages , including Portuguese , the Bantu languages , Malay , German and the Khoisan languages , an estimated 90 to 95 % of Afrikaans vocabulary is of Dutch origin . Therefore , differences with Dutch often lie in the more analytic morphology and grammar of Afrikaans , and a spelling that expresses Afrikaans pronunciation rather than standard Dutch . There is a large degree of mutual intelligibility between the two languages -- especially in written form . With about 7 million native speakers in South Africa , or 13.5 % of the population , it is the third-most-spoken language in the country . It has the widest geographical and racial distribution of all the eleven official languages of South Africa , and is widely spoken and understood as a second or third language . It is the majority language of the western half of South Africa -- the provinces of the Northern Cape and Western Cape -- and the first language of 75.8 % of Coloured South Africans ( 3.4 million people ) , 60.8 % of White South Africans ( 2.7 million ) and at 4.6 % the second most spoken first-language among Asian South Africans ( 58,000 ) . About 1.5 % of black South Africans ( 600,000 people ) speak it as their first language . Large numbers of speakers of Bantu languages and English-speaking South Africans also speak it as their second language . It is taught in schools , with about 10.3 million second-language students . One reason for the expansion of Afrikaans is its development in the public realm : it is used in newspapers , radio programs , TV , and several translations of the Bible have been published since the first one was completed in 1933 . In neighbouring Namibia , Afrikaans is widely spoken as a second language and used as a lingua franca , while as a native language it is spoken in 10.4 % of households , mainly concentrated in the capital Windhoek , Walvis Bay , Swakopmund and the southern regions of Hardap and ǁKaras . It , along with German , was among the official languages of Namibia until the country became independent in 1990 , 25 % of the population of Windhoek spoke Afrikaans at home . Both Afrikaans and German survive as recognised regional languages in the country , although only English has official status within the government . Estimates of the total number of Afrikaans speakers range between 15 and 23 million .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6a7eb0c6afe915cb4a26b239c098a509",
"text": "Kwavi people The Kwavi are a pastoralist ethnic and linguistic group based in Tanzania , with a 1957 census population of 7,378 . They are the principal speakers of the Kwavi language . The Kwavi are related to the Maasai . Though little has been written about them , they were the subject of a 1974 Master 's thesis at the University of Dar es Salaam by Douglas Ndagala , `` Social and Economic Change among the Pastoral Wakwavi and Its Impact on Rural Development . '' At least one author , however , denies their existence as a distinct ethnic group , while another research paper gives the names Ilparakuyo and Baraguyu as apparent synonyms for Kwavi . The Kwavi basically refer to a cultural or occupational group . This term is also used in Kenya and it is used to refer to groups of people related to the Akamba people . The Kwavi of Tanzania are not basically a separate ethnic group per se but a people within an ethnic group who have a particular preoccupation . Wakwavi are basically pastoral but do also have elements of agricultural , as such , they are a sedentary people with a heavy bias to pastoralism . Wakwavi of Tanzania were looked upon as being Gogo people with whom they shared the same language . With time , due to loss of livestock and consequential pauperism , many have changed their preoccupation and have become agriculturist and as such now not discernible from the other Gogo people . They were mistaken as Masaai , whom they were not , for although they had Masaai features of dressing , they had not their ornament , they did not use ochre as the Masaai , nor did plait their hair long like the Masaai . And although the blanket featured just as the Masaai , their nakedness was not exposed as the Masaai . However , unlike other Gogos , they pierced and elongated their earlobes , this though is not limited to the Masaai . The Kwavi being part of the Gogo group is an indication of the emergence of the Gogo tribe which basically is not a tribe but a Nation . The Gogo is a modern agglomerate group , the different sections being brought together by the great leader Mazengo . The group is made up of such elements as Wakaguru this gave rise to the Gogo people around Mpwapwa and just like the Wakaguru are characterised as being agriculturist , you have the Gogo of Western Gogoland who are more like their western neighbours the Konongo and the southern Gogos , who are a mixture of the agro-pastralist Wasangu and agriculturist Hehe . The Wakwavi origins have been attributed to conflicting sources , most people claimed that they were of Masaai influence , namely referring to Parakuo Masaai influence , another school of thought point to a common origin with the Hadzabe and even Nyaturu . An alternative view is that the term Wakwavi ( or Kwafi ) is a Swahili corruption of the Maa iloonkuapi ( ` people of other lands ' ) . Among Maasai , this is a relative term that is applied to other Maasai-speaking groups or sections who are not close allies : if section A regard section B as iloonkuapi , then B may apply the same term to A , implying mutual mistrust . The confusion appears to stem from an early work by the coastal missionary Ludwig Krapf , whose Maasai informant wished to distance himself from those Maasai who were responsible for raids on the Swahili coast . He described them as iloonkuapi , and Krapf assumed that they were other Maa-speaking peoples who were deadly enemies of the Maasai proper , regarding iloonkuapi as an absolute term rather than a reciprocal one . Subsequent visitors to the area followed Krapf 's account and the name Wakwavi became established , randomly applied to ethnic groups who were neighbours of the Maasai proper and shared their culture up to a point .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "02db6e986194aa74d75a008905c361fd",
"text": "Transkei The Transkei ( -LSB- trɑːnsˈkeɪ , _ - ˈkaɪ , _ trænz - -RSB- , meaning the area beyond -LSB- the river -RSB- Kei ) , officially the Republic of Transkei ( iRiphabliki yeTranskei ) , was a Bantustan -- an area set aside for members of a specific ethnicity -- and nominal parliamentary democracy in the southeastern region of South Africa . Its capital was Umtata , which was renamed Mthatha in 2004 . Transkei represented a significant precedent and historic turning point in South Africa 's policy of apartheid and `` separate development '' ; it was the first of four territories to be declared independent of South Africa . Throughout its existence , it remained an internationally unrecognised , diplomatically isolated , politically unstable de facto one-party state , which at one point broke relations with South Africa , the only country that acknowledged it as a legal entity . In 1994 , it was reintegrated into its larger neighbour and became part of the Eastern Cape province .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e261763ad4076cd5d08f67057e93f725",
"text": "Zambia Zambia ( -LSB- ˈzæmbiə -RSB- ) , officially the Republic of Zambia , is a landlocked country in Southern Africa , neighbouring the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the north , Tanzania to the north-east , Malawi to the east , Mozambique , Zimbabwe , Botswana and Namibia to the south , and Angola to the west . The capital city is Lusaka , in the south-central part of Zambia . The population is concentrated mainly around Lusaka in the south and the Copperbelt Province to the northwest , the core economic hubs of the country . Originally inhabited by Khoisan peoples , the region was affected by the Bantu expansion of the thirteenth century . After visits by European explorers in the eighteenth century , Zambia became the British protectorate of Northern Rhodesia towards the end of the nineteenth century . For most of the colonial period , Zambia was governed by an administration appointed from London with the advice of the British South Africa Company . On 24 October 1964 , Zambia became independent of the United Kingdom and prime minister Kenneth Kaunda became the inaugural president . Kaunda 's socialist United National Independence Party ( UNIP ) maintained power from 1964 until 1991 . Kaunda played a key role in regional diplomacy , cooperating closely with the United States in search of solutions to conflicts in Rhodesia ( Zimbabwe ) , Angola , and Namibia . From 1972 to 1991 Zambia was a one-party state with the UNIP as the sole legal political party under the motto `` One Zambia , One Nation '' . Kaunda was succeeded by Frederick Chiluba of the social-democratic Movement for Multi-Party Democracy in 1991 , beginning a period of social-economic growth and government decentralisation . Levy Mwanawasa , Chiluba 's chosen successor , presided over Zambia from January 2002 until his death in August 2008 , and is credited with campaigns to reduce corruption and increase the standard of living . After Mwanawasa 's death , Rupiah Banda presided as Acting President before being elected President in 2008 . Holding office for only three years , Banda stepped down after his defeat in the 2011 elections by Patriotic Front party leader Michael Sata . Sata died on 28 October 2014 , the second Zambian president to die in office . Guy Scott served briefly as interim president until new elections were held on 20 January 2015 , in which Edgar Lungu was elected as the sixth President . In 2010 , the World Bank named Zambia one of the world 's fastest economically reformed countries . The Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa ( COMESA ) is headquartered in Lusaka .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eb656fe1727bcc499fb4a2ed84d4cfc9",
"text": "Banyamulenge Banyamulenge , sometimes called `` Tutsi Congolese '' , is a term historically referring to the ethnic Tutsi concentrated on the High Plateau of South Kivu , in the eastern region of the Democratic Republic of the Congo , close to the Burundi-Congo-Rwanda border . The Banyamulenge form a minority of the South Kivu population . Rival ethnic groups in the late 1990s claimed the Banyamulenge numbered no more than 35,000 , while the Banyamulenge sympathizers claim up to ten times that number . The population of Banyamulenge in the early 21st century is estimated at between 50,000 and 70,000 by René Lemarchand or by Gérard Prunier at around 60,000 -- 80,000 , a figure about 3 -- 4 percent of the total provincial population . Lemarchand notes that the group represents `` a rather unique case of ethnogenesis . '' The Banyamulenge of South Kivu are culturally and socially distinct from the Tutsis of North Kivu and the Tutsis who fled to South Kivu in the 1959 -- 1962 Rwandan revolution . Most Banyamulenge speak Kinyarwanda , and those that do speak it with a dialect different from other Tutsi groups . The ambiguous political and social position of the Banyamulenge has been a point of contention in the province , leading to the Banyamulenge playing a key role in the run-up to the First Congo War in 1996 -- 7 and Second Congo War of 1998 -- 2003 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8394402b78250f56233a57bae922176e",
"text": "Ikizu language Ikizu ( Ikikizu , Kiikiizo ) is a Bantu language spoken by the Ikizu peoples of Tanzania . Dialects are Ikizu proper and Sizaki . Maho ( 2009 ) treats Sizaki ( Shashi ) as a separate language . However , Ethnologue 16 retired the ISO code for Sizaki , merging it into Ikizu .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e8e328fcc667f5039a0bb6ed62c31b4d",
"text": "Sub-Saharan Africa Sub-Saharan Africa is , geographically , the area of the continent of Africa that lies south of the Sahara . According to the UN , it consists of all African countries that are fully or partially located south of the Sahara . It contrasts with North Africa , whose territories are part of the League of Arab states within the Arab world . Somalia , Djibouti , Comoros and Mauritania are geographically in Sub-Saharan Africa , but are likewise Arab states and part of the Arab world . The Sahel is the transitional zone between the Sahara and the tropical savanna ( the Sudan region ) and forest-savanna mosaic to the south . Since probably 3500 BCE , the Saharan and Sub-Saharan regions of Africa have been separated by the extremely harsh climate of the sparsely populated Sahara , forming an effective barrier interrupted by only the Nile in Sudan , though the Nile was blocked by the river 's cataracts . The Sahara pump theory explains how flora and fauna ( including Homo sapiens ) left Africa to penetrate the Middle East and beyond . African pluvial periods are associated with a `` wet Sahara '' phase during which larger lakes and more rivers existed . The use of the term has been criticized because it refers to the South only by cartography conventions and projects a connotation of inferiority ; a vestige of colonialism , which some say , divided Africa into European terms of homogeneity .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dd83d03f5e7e830cbb1295bc22f61883",
"text": "Trade unions in Tanzania The trade unions of Tanzania have a total membership of approximately 370,000 . 350,000 of these belong to the Trade Union Congress of Tanzania , another 15,000 to the Zanzibar Trade Union Congress , and 2,400 are members of the Tanzania Fishing Crew and Allied Workers ' Union .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e57e5cdcecb6b7ed67637bbff362afc2",
"text": "Mozambique Mozambique ( -LSB- moʊzæmˈbiːk -RSB- or -LSB- mɔːzæmˈbiːk -RSB- ) , officially the Republic of Mozambique ( Moçambique or República de Moçambique , -LSB- rɛˈpublikɐ dɨ musɐ̃ˈbikɨ -RSB- ) is a country in Southeast Africa bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east , Tanzania to the north , Malawi and Zambia to the northwest , Zimbabwe to the west , and Swaziland and South Africa to the southwest . It is separated from Madagascar by the Mozambique Channel to the east . The capital and largest city is Maputo ( known as `` Lourenço Marques '' before independence ) . Between the 1st and 5th centuries AD , Bantu-speaking peoples migrated from farther north and west . Swahili ( and later Arab ) commercial ports existed along the coasts until the arrival of Europeans . The area was explored by Vasco da Gama in 1498 and colonised by Portugal from 1505 . The country was an important place where Somali merchants enslaved the local population , starting what is now known as the Somali slave trade . After over four centuries of Portuguese rule , Mozambique gained independence in 1975 , becoming the People 's Republic of Mozambique shortly thereafter . After only two years of independence , the country descended into an intense and protracted civil war lasting from 1977 to 1992 . In 1994 , Mozambique held its first multiparty elections and has remained a relatively stable presidential republic . However , since 2013 , following more than 20 years of peace , a renewed insurgency by RENAMO has been occurring . Mozambique is one of the poorest and most underdeveloped countries in the world . Mozambique is endowed with rich and extensive natural resources . The country 's economy is based largely on agriculture , but industry is growing , mainly food and beverages , chemical manufacturing , and aluminium and petroleum production . The country 's tourism sector is also growing . South Africa is Mozambique 's main trading partner and source of foreign direct investment . Belgium , Brazil , Portugal , and Spain are also among the country 's most important economic partners . Since 2001 , Mozambique 's annual average GDP growth has been among the world 's highest . However , the country ranks among the lowest in GDP per capita , human development , measures of inequality , and average life expectancy . The only official language of Mozambique is Portuguese , which is spoken mostly as a second language by about half of the population . Common native languages include Makhuwa , Sena , and Swahili . The country 's population of around 24 million is composed overwhelmingly of Bantu people . The largest religion in Mozambique is Christianity , with significant minorities following Islam and African traditional religions . Mozambique is a member of the African Union , the Commonwealth of Nations , the Community of Portuguese Language Countries , the Latin Union , the Non-Aligned Movement , and the Southern African Development Community , and is an observer at La Francophonie .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9526d966326a044ae9da4dce9582570d",
"text": "Kwavi dialect Kwavi is the dialect of Maasai spoken by the Kwavi people ( a.k.a. Parakuyo or Baraguyu ) of Tanzania . According to Hurskainen ( 1994 ) , `` The Parakuyo ( earlier also called Ilparakuyo , Baraguyu , Kwavi , Lumbwa , and Iloikop ) are a Maa-speaking ethnic group scattered over a large area in the northeastern and central parts of Tanzania '' , while Beidelman ( 1960 ) confirms that `` Kwavi '' and `` Baraguyu '' are synonymous .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "29fdf9383f2645fce4ae2075e0cbb6f0",
"text": "Tanzanian sign languages Seven or so Tanzanian sign languages were developed independently among deaf students in separate Tanzanian schools for the Deaf starting in 1963 , though use of several is forbidden by their schools . In 1984 , a standardized Tanzanian Sign Language was proposed by the Tanzania Association for the Deaf , using common or similar signs where these exist in the schools which allowed research , but it has not been officially implemented , and there remains little influence between the languages . A dictionary has been produced . The common Swahili name in Tanzania for these languages is Lugha ya Alama . ( The name Lugha ya Bubu is also used , but is reported by Ethnologue to be pejorative . )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "207fb7ae19bc630c8127327b5ec5ba17",
"text": "Sangu people The Sangu , at times called Rori ( People of the Steppes ) , are an ethnic and linguistic group based in Mbeya Region , Tanzania . By 1907 the Sangu numbers were thought to be about 30,000 . In 1987 the Sangu population was estimated to number 75,000 . Before the coming of the Ngoni , an African group along the coast , the southern highlands had no political unit larger than clan chiefdom . The clans who became known as the Sangu were probably organized into a military force in the 1830s after being attacked by outside forces . The Sangu sent slaves and ivory to representatives of the coast and were the first to adopt the weapons , tactics , and organization of the Ngoni and began to dominate the highlands until a civil war broke out with the death of Merere I.",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "88b4c895714bbb5daca2533e417e1c12",
"text": "Kwahu Kwahu is an Akan group and area , dubbed Asaase Aban or the natural fortress , in view of its national position as the highest habitable elevation . Kwahu lies in the Eastern Region of Ghana , on the west shore of Lake Volta . They share the region with their fellow Akans the Akyems , the Adangbe-Krobos and a small sect of migrant Ewes in the Afram Plains area who double as fishing experts and caretakers in the waterfront zone . There are two common spellings of the name , Kwawu and Kwahu . The `` w '' spelling is the official spelling from the African Studies Centre , University of Ghana , and more resembles the pronunciation . The `` h '' was put in by Swiss missionaries from Basel , who added the `` h '' to ensure that Kwa , the first syllable , was not pronounced as `` eh . '' The `` h '' is not separately pronounced in the name . For Anglo-Germanic speakers , Ku-A-U may be an easier pronunciation help whilst Franco-Roman natives would say KoU-AoU with ease . The term Kwahu also refers to the variant of Akan language spoken in this region and to the Kwahu people who come from the region , there are about 65.000 Kwahus . Except for a few variations in stress , pronunciation and syntax , there are no markers in the dialect spoken by the Kwahus , who are originally of Ashanti stock , having separated and then migrated from the Sekyere-Efiduase-Mampong area to their present settlement , joining a few others from Akyem and other ancestral Ashanti heartland The Mamponghene , who is next to the Ashanti King in hierarchy , and the Kwahumanhene , are historically cousins , hence both occupy Silver Stools with the salutation of Daasebre . The name derives from its myths of origin , `` The slave ( awa ) died ( wu ) , '' which was based on an ancient prophecy that a slave would die so the wandering tribe of Akan would know where to settle . The myth was part of the historical stories of the Agona matriclan , the first paramount lineage of Kwawu , and was later adopted by the Bretuao-Tena matriclan ( Twidan ) who later replaced them . The paramount chief and the royal matrilineage of the Kwawu reside at Abene , north of Abetifi on the banks of the highlands . The strategic location of Atibie and a dreaded militia that guarded the route was led by Akwamu warriors who fiercely repelled attempts by colonial forces to capture the Omanhene . Even today , the road from Abetifi to the small enclave housing the king is plied with some unease , given the stories recounted . Until their leaders seized upon the opportunities presented with the Bond of 1844 , Kwahu was thus an integral part of Ashanti Kingdom and attested by available maps of the period . It is also worthy of note : Ashanti waged punitive and protracted wars against fellow Akans including Denkyira , Akwamu , Akyem , Fanti , Assin but never fought Kwahu . Abetifi ( Tena matriclan ) is the head of the Adonten ( vanguard ) . Obo ( Aduana , Ada , Amoakade ) is the head of the Nifa ( Right Division ) Aduamoa ( Dwumena , Asona ) is the head of the Benkum ( Left Division ) . As part of the Asante Empire , Kwawu had an Asante emissary , governor or ambassador at Atibie , next to Mpraeso , of the Ekuona matriclan ) . To indicate its independence from Asante in 1888 the Kwawu assassinated the Asante emissary in Atibe , about the time of the arrival of the Basel missionaries from Switzerland . Fritz Ramseyer , enroute to Kumasi with his captors , had been granted a few days of rest during a stop at Kwahu and recovered quickly from a bout of fever in the mountains . Upon gaining his freedom later from the Asantehene , he sought permission to build a Christian Mission in Abetifi , thereby placing the town on the world map and opening the area to vocational and evangelical opportunities . Obo , traditionally pro-Ashanti , led the opposition to the Swiss . It is orally told that the Kwahus chose Obo as their financial center . In recent years , Kwahu has become the best place to celebrate Easter . Many from far away places within the borders of the country and even beyond go there to enjoy themselves . The Kwahu mountains offer an ideal spot for Paragliders to showcase their skills to the public and to share the thrills of gliding . Such events also serve as Tourist Attractions sites and generates income for the Ghanaian Economy . Characteristics of Kwahu natives are centred on economics , self-sufficiency and an incredible ability to forego short-term or immediate wants in planning for longer-term goals ; they are natural-born entrepreneurs . Trivia : Experts in thrift , the Kwahus surprise with relative success where others fail in any manner of business , from cocoa farming to house front trading and modern service sector or manufacturing industries . As a result , they are often thought to be wealth-creating magicians . Until recently , they shunned political activism and are arguably under-represented in government appointments , compared with other Akan groups such as Ashanti , Fanti , Brong or Akyem . Kwahus often wish to spend the retirement years in their mountainous home region and are more likely to marry from their tribal group and invest in a magnificent home . Choice of spouse outside the group often will depend on strategic business calculations and a willingness of the partner to relocate at old age . Kwahus get along relatively well with others but may have special relations with the Ga of Accra who initially welcomed and supported their businesses in the post independence era . A considerable population of Northern migrants and Ewes permanently reside in Kwahu , exercising caretaker functions on lands and farms as their hosts move into the metropolitan areas to engage in micro Start-ups .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3f2b552c2b08f5a6f1560c4a1c6af13c",
"text": "Shambala language Shambala or Shambaa is a Bantu language of Tanzania .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3507fe9da6d457e081bc33fbe44d9c6e",
"text": "Hangaza language Hangaza is a Bantu language spoken by the Hangaza people of Tanzania . It is closely related to and partially intelligible with the languages of Rwanda and Burundi .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "62f1461bf21680efc1acb009c5f2052c",
"text": "Damara people The Damara , plural Damaran ( Khoekhoegowab : ǂNūkhoen , literally Black people , Berg Damara , referring to their extended stay in hilly and mountainous sites , also called at various times the Daman or the Damaqua ) are an ethnic group who make up 8.5 % of Namibia 's population . They speak the Khoekhoe language ( like the Nama people ) and the majority live in the northwestern regions of Namibia , however they are also found widely across the rest of the country . They have no known cultural relationship with any of the other ethnicities anywhere else in Africa , and very little is known of their origin . It has been proposed that the Damara are a remnant population of south-western Africa hunter-gatherers , otherwise only represented by the Cimba , Kwisi , and Kwadi , who adopted the Khoekhoe language of the immigrant Nama people . Their name in their own language is the `` Daman '' ( where the '' - n '' is just the Khoekhoe plural ending ) . The name `` Damaqua '' stems from the addition of the Khoekhoe suffix '' - qua/khwa '' meaning `` people '' ( found in the names of other Southern African peoples like the Namaqua and the Griqua ) . Prior to 1870 the hunter-gatherer Damaran occupied most of central Namibia they used to practice pastoralism with sheep and cattle , but were also agriculturalist planting pumpkins , corn , tobacco . The Damaran were also copper-smiths known for their ability to melt copper and used to make ornaments , jewelry , knives and spear heads out of iron . The Damaran just like the Sān believed in communal ownership of land meaning that no individual owned land as God had given land to everyone . Not to for one to own good grazing land and the other to scavenge for land but that everyone live in harmony . It was for this reason that many were displaced when the Nama and Herero began to occupy this area in search of better grazing . Thereafter the Damara were dominated by the Namaqua and the Herero , most living as servants in their households . In 1960 , the South African government forced the Damara into the bantustan of Damaraland , an area of poor soil and irregular rainfall . About half of their numbers still occupy Damaraland .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ba7c798bca12fcbd5dff4af499b24521",
"text": "BAMUTA Baraza la Muziki la Taifa ( BAMUTA ; Swahili for `` National Music Council '' ) was a national council created in 1974 by the government of the newly independent Tanzania . Its purpose was to regulate the music business in the country , in the context of a wider programme intended to create a solidified national identity . This , in turn , was a crucial element in Ujamaa , President Julius Nyerere 's version of african socialism . Similar institutions were founded to rule over other aspects of the nation 's culture , including the nationwide adoption of Swahili language ( promoted by Baraza la Kiswahili la Taifa ) and the development of Tanzanian art ( Baraza la Sanaa la Taifa ) ( BASATA ) . The overall idea was to build a new popular culture for the workers and peasants of the country , free from the heritage of colonialism and bourgeoisie culture . BAMUTA was responsible for the establishment of national music policies , which sought to control musical imports and issued disco and club licenses . BAMUTA called for strict government planning as well as control over the popular music in Tanzania . For example , import of foreign music was generally banned with the exception of music from Zaire . Under such restriction , and due to government promotion of musical creativity , many bands formed and new African music styles emerged , most notably in the muziki wa dansi ( dance music ) business . In 1984 , BAMUTA was merged into BASATA .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "858e93c0d04a6521eff3b87ca4b8a9b4",
"text": "Zimbabwe Zimbabwe ( -LSB- zɪmˈbɑːbweɪ -RSB- ) , officially the Republic of Zimbabwe , is a landlocked country located in southern Africa , between the Zambezi and Limpopo Rivers . It is bordered by South Africa to the south , Botswana to the west and southwest , Zambia to the northwest , and Mozambique to the east and northeast . Although it does not border Namibia , less than 200 metres of the Zambezi River separates it from that country . The capital and largest city is Harare . A country of roughly 13 million people , Zimbabwe has 16 official languages , with English , Shona , and Ndebele the most commonly used . Since the 11th century , present-day Zimbabwe has been the site of several organised states and kingdoms as well as a major route for migration and trade . The British South Africa Company of Cecil Rhodes first demarcated the present territory during the 1890s ; it became the self-governing British colony of Southern Rhodesia in 1923 . In 1965 , the conservative white minority government unilaterally declared independence as Rhodesia . The state endured international isolation and a 15-year guerrilla war with black nationalist forces ; this culminated in a peace agreement that established universal enfranchisement and de jure sovereignty in April 1980 . Zimbabwe then rejoined the Commonwealth of Nations -- which it withdrew from in 2003 . It is a member of the United Nations , the Southern African Development Community ( SADC ) , the African Union ( AU ) , and the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa ( COMESA ) . Robert Mugabe became Prime Minister of Zimbabwe in 1980 , when his ZANU-PF party won the elections following the end of white minority rule ; he has been the president of Zimbabwe since 1987 . Under Mugabe 's authoritarian regime , the state security apparatus has dominated the country and been responsible for widespread human rights violations . Mugabe has maintained the revolutionary socialist rhetoric from the Cold War era , blaming Zimbabwe 's economic woes on conspiring Western capitalist countries , while still executing conservative policies . Burnished by his anti-imperialist credentials , contemporary African political leaders have been reluctant to criticise Mugabe , though Archbishop Desmond Tutu has called him `` a cartoon figure of an archetypal African dictator '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d60ee4b74ca3559bca86a1a83a978a00",
"text": "Hangaza people The Hangaza are an ethnic and linguistic group based in Kagera Region in northwestern Tanzania . In 1987 the Hangaza population was estimated to number 150,000 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
c2f5a7a80fce4fe6b85b4dcff817c436
|
The Divergent Series: Insurgent is based on the third book in the Divergent trilogy.
|
[
{
"docid": "ea73cda9ed96e300e1c77de91fd14cba",
"text": "The Divergent Series: Insurgent The Divergent Series : Insurgent ( also known simply as Insurgent ) is a 2015 American science fiction action film directed by Robert Schwentke , based on Insurgent , the second book in the Divergent trilogy by Veronica Roth . It is the sequel to the 2014 film Divergent and the second installment in The Divergent Series , produced by Lucy Fisher , Pouya Shabazian and Douglas Wick , with a screenplay by Brian Duffield , Akiva Goldsman and Mark Bomback . Schwentke took over from Neil Burger as director , with Burger serving as the executive producer of the film . Along with the first film 's returning cast , led by Shailene Woodley and Theo James , the sequel features supporting actors Octavia Spencer , Naomi Watts , Suki Waterhouse , Rosa Salazar , Daniel Dae Kim , Jonny Weston , Emjay Anthony , and Keiynan Lonsdale . The plot of Insurgent takes place five days after the previous installment and continues to follow Dauntless soldier Tris Prior ; Tris and Four , her Dauntless instructor , are on the run after evading a coup from Erudite faction leader Jeanine and the rest of her faction . The faction system in post-apocalyptic Chicago is crumbling , and everyone is desperate for power -- and answers . Filming began on May 27 , 2014 in Atlanta , Georgia , before concluding on September 6 , 2014 . The Divergent Series : Insurgent was released on March 20 , 2015 in the United States in the IMAX 3D format as well as regular 3D and 2D . Critical reaction to the film was mixed to negative : some have considered the film to be an improvement over its predecessor , with reviewers highlighting the visual style , action sequences , and Woodley 's performance , but the film still received a significant amount of negative criticism , mainly focused on its storyline . The film was a commercial success , grossing $ 52.2 million in its opening weekend and reaching the number one spot at the box-office . During its release in theaters , the film earned over US$ 297 million worldwide . A sequel , Allegiant , was released on March 18 , 2016 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "4a4cef110ecdb679c24fdcd612673fce",
"text": "Gears of War Gears of War is a video game franchise created and originally owned by Epic Games , developed and managed by The Coalition , and owned and published by Microsoft Studios . The series focuses on the conflict between humanity , the subterranean reptilian hominids known as the Locust Horde , and their mutated counterparts , the Lambent & the Swarm . The franchise consists of five third-person shooter video games , which has also been supplemented by a comic book series and five novels . The first installment , titled Gears of War , was released on November 7 , 2006 for the Xbox 360 . The game follows protagonist Marcus Fenix , a soldier in the Coalition of Ordered Governments tasked to lead a last-ditch effort to destroy the Locust Horde and save humanity . Two subsequent titles , Gears of War 2 ( 2008 ) and Gears of War 3 ( 2011 ) , continued Fenix and humanity 's ongoing conflict with the Locust Horde and Lambent forces . In 2013 , Epic Games and Microsoft released Gears of War : Judgment , a prequel to the series ' first title , which instead focuses on Damon Baird , one of Fenix 's squad-mates . Gears of War : Ultimate Edition was released for Microsoft Windows on March 1 , 2016 . The series ' third sequel , Gears of War 4 , is set 25 years after Gears of War 3 and follows Marcus Fenix 's son , JD , as he battles new foes that threaten humanity . Gears of War was developed by Epic Games . Cliff Bleszinski , who has previously worked on Epic 's Unreal Tournament games , served the series ' lead game designer for the first three installments . He was inspired by gameplay elements from Resident Evil 4 , Kill Switch , and Bionic Commando . The series was also guided by Rod Fergusson , the executive producer and director of development of Epic Games until 2012 . The first four installments of the Gears of War series used a modified version of the Unreal Engine 3 engine . On January 27 , 2014 , Microsoft acquired all rights to the franchise from Epic Games . Canadian studio The Coalition developed Gears of War 4 , which was released on October 11 , 2016 for the Xbox One and Windows 10 . Gears of War became one of the best-selling franchises for the Xbox 360 . The series is well known for its emphasis on cover-based combat , in which players can use objects to avoid gunfire or safely engage enemies . All five installments in Gears of War featured several multiplayer modes that allowed players to compete against each other or team-up to battle AI opponents on Xbox Live . The Gears of War games have been amongst the most popular and most played titles on Xbox Live .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0e97fbcd20c930cc3f4ed64d2effdaea",
"text": "Boy at War The Boy at War trilogy is a series of young adult historical novels by Harry Mazer . The first book , A Boy at War was released on April 3 , 2001 and is based on the events of the attack on Pearl Harbor that initiated the United States ' involvement in World War II . The books follow Adam Pelko , the son of a navy commander stationed at Pearl Harbor , during the Japanese attack of December 7 , 1941 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3c1140c24331f16c628b5e38014c468a",
"text": "Void Trilogy The Void Trilogy is a science fiction series by British author Peter F. Hamilton . The series is set in the same universe as The Commonwealth Saga , 1,200 years after the end of Judas Unchained . Peter F. Hamilton sold the American rights to the series to Random House . The three books are entitled The Dreaming Void , The Temporal Void and The Evolutionary Void . Hamilton posted a time line that links the Commonwealth Saga with the Void Trilogy , filling in the 1200-year gap between the two series . The series includes the following books : The Dreaming Void ( 2007 ) The Temporal Void ( 2008 ) The Evolutionary Void ( 2010 )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "87e453d996be73368c0e01d7b7f24007",
"text": "The Caretaker Trilogy The Caretaker Trilogy is a series of science fiction thrillers with an ecological theme , written for young adults by the award-winning American novelist and screenwriter , David Klass . The first book in the series , Firestorm ( 2006 ) , was the first book ever endorsed by Greenpeace and was praised by critics for its combination of entertainment value and environmental message , garnering an American Library Association ( ALA ) Best Book citation , a starred review from Publishers Weekly , and a favorable review by the New York Times Book Review . The story focuses on Jack Danielson , a teenager sent back from the future to save the world 's oceans . Whirlwind , the second book in the Caretaker Trilogy , tells the story of Jack 's efforts to save the Amazon rain forest ; published in March 2008 by Farrar , Straus and Giroux . The third book in the trilogy is Timelock , published in 2009 . Firestorm has been optioned by Warner Bros. and the production company Thunder Road . A screenplay for the movie version is in active development .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e52e12e3c04cd0bab30ef954dbaee872",
"text": "Endymion (Simmons novel) Endymion is the third science fiction novel by American writer Dan Simmons , part of his Hyperion Cantos fictional universe . Centered on the new characters Aenea and Raul Endymion , it has been well received like Hyperion and The Fall of Hyperion - within a year of its release , the paperback edition had gone through five reprints . The novel was shortlisted for the 1997 Locus Award .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c938045287a83d68520ec8c47b91fb94",
"text": "Gears of War 3 Gears of War 3 is a 2011 military science fiction third-person shooter video game developed by Epic Games and published by Microsoft Studios for the Xbox 360 . Originally due for release on April 8 , 2011 , the game was delayed and eventually released on September 20 , 2011 . Gears of War 3 received more than one million pre-orders . It is the third installment of the Gears of War series . The story was written by science fiction author Karen Traviss . A sequel , titled Gears of War 4 , was announced in June 2015 and was released on October 11 , 2016 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "169cf3c51d330e4b745e41c48df18598",
"text": "Oxygen (Miller novel) Oxygen is the third novel by English author , Andrew Miller , released on 6 September 2001 through Sceptre . Although the novel received mixed reviews , it was shortlisted for both a Man Booker Prize and a Whitbread Award in 2001 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d680beab44ca8c88b047bc7104d55a60",
"text": "Grand Theft Auto III Grand Theft Auto III is an open world action-adventure third-person shooter video game developed by DMA Design and published by Rockstar Games . It was released on 22 October 2001 for the PlayStation 2 , on 20 May 2002 for Microsoft Windows , and on 31 October 2003 for the Xbox . A remastered version of the game was released on mobile platforms in 2011 , for the game 's tenth anniversary . It is the fifth title in the Grand Theft Auto series , and the first main entry since 1999 's Grand Theft Auto 2 . Set within the fictional Liberty City , based on New York City , the game follows Claude after he is left for dead and quickly becomes entangled in a world of gangs , crime and corruption . The game is played from a third-person perspective and its world is navigated on foot or by vehicle . The open world design lets players freely roam Liberty City , consisting of three main islands . Development was shared between DMA Design , based in Edinburgh and Rockstar , in New York City . Much of the development work constituted transforming popular series elements into a 3D world . The game was delayed following the September 11 attacks , to allow the team to change references and gameplay deemed inappropriate . Upon release , the game received critical acclaim , with praise particularly directed at its concept and gameplay . However , the game also generated controversy , with criticism directed at the depiction of violence and sexual content . Grand Theft Auto III became the best-selling video game of 2001 , and has sold over 17 million copies . Considered one of the most significant titles of the sixth generation of video games , and by many critics as one of the greatest video games of all time , it won year-end accolades , including Game of the Year awards from several gaming publications . Since its release , it has received numerous ports to many gaming platforms . Its successor , Grand Theft Auto : Vice City , was released in October 2002 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f83c9bcd2fcb2e65b3c3c51d09d972fb",
"text": "Jedi Academy trilogy The Jedi Academy trilogy is a trilogy of science fiction novels set in the Star Wars expanded universe . Written by Kevin J. Anderson , the plot takes place around seven years after the events of Return of the Jedi , in 11 ABY . The series chronicles Luke Skywalker 's early attempts to rebuild the Jedi Order after the defeat of the Emperor . Some of the events in the trilogy are retold from a different perspective in I , Jedi by Michael A. Stackpole .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "26ac7ada27224f56b475a0f0da307243",
"text": "Empire Trilogy The Empire Trilogy is a collaborative trilogy of political fantasy novels written by Raymond E. Feist and Janny Wurts . It traces the story of Mara of the Acoma 's rise to power from a convent novitiate to the most powerful woman in the fictional world of Kelewan . These three books are contemporary to Feist 's original Riftwar Saga and feature some crossover characters , mainly from Magician ( 1982 ) ( Pug , the protagonist of Magician , appears twice in Servant of the Empire ( 1990 ) and once in Mistress of the Empire ( 1992 ) ) . Mara struggles to rule her family after her father and brother are killed in a trap by the Minwanabi , one of the most powerful families in the Empire and longtime enemies of the Acoma . Mara quickly learns how to play the Game of the Council with skill and challenges the binding traditions of her world . Despite many requests from fans , both authors have ruled out any further novels featuring these characters .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "00a47f45a8903ab372e4f8938ed1c815",
"text": "List of accolades received by BioShock Infinite BioShock Infinite is a first-person shooter video game developed by Irrational Games and published by 2K Games . Players assume control of Booker DeWitt ( Troy Baker ) , who is sent to rescue Elizabeth ( Courtnee Draper ) from her captivity on the floating air city of Columbia . The game 's development was led by creative director Ken Levine . The game was officially announced on August 12 , 2010 , and was widely anticipated . At the Spike Video Game Awards , it was nominated Most Anticipated Game three times . Following its previews at the Electronic Entertainment Expo , the game won numerous awards , including Best of Show from several gaming publications . It was released worldwide on March 26 , 2013 for Microsoft Windows , PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 . Review aggregator Metacritic assigned the game a normalized score of 94 out of 100 , indicating `` universal acclaim '' , based on 27 and 68 reviews for the Windows and PlayStation 3 versions , respectively ; the Xbox 360 version received 93 out of 100 based on 33 reviews . Within four months of its release , BioShock Infinite sold approximately four million copies , and eleven million by June 2015 . BioShock Infinite garnered awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for its music , story , visual design , characters , and the acting of its cast . At the 17th Annual DICE Awards , the game received six nominations and went on to win two awards : Action Game of the Year , and Outstanding Achievement in Original Music Composition . The game earned four nominations at the 10th British Academy Video Games Awards , winning Original Music . At IGN 's Best of 2013 , the game garnered twenty nominations and went on to win nine awards , including Best Overall Shooter Game and Best Overall Graphics for Art Design . At the 14th Annual Game Developers Choice Awards , BioShock Infinite won Best Audio and Best Visual Art . The game received nine nominations at the Spike VGX , winning Best Shooter , Best Song in a Game and Character of the Year . At the National Academy of Video Game Trade Reviewers Awards , the game received eleven nominations , with Courtnee Draper winning Supporting Performance in a Drama . The game appeared on several year-end lists of the best games of 2013 , receiving Game of the Year wins from the Associated Press , CNN , Electronic Gaming Monthly , Entertainment Weekly , Forbes , and Games .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5fd0b197d65e1e5a0c0d80dafbfd64ae",
"text": "Immortalis Immortalis is the third book in the second DemonWars Saga trilogy by R. A. Salvatore . The book is also the last of seven books in the combined DemonWars Saga .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "18bc9b5a24ddeb19c2866f9cb67bd8ba",
"text": "Dark Sector Dark Sector , also stylized as darkSector , is a third-person shooter video game developed by Digital Extremes for the Xbox 360 , PlayStation 3 and Microsoft Windows . The game is set in the fictional Eastern Bloc country of Lasria , and centers on protagonist Hayden Tenno ( voiced by Michael Rosenbaum ) , a morally ambivalent CIA `` clean-up man '' . While trying to intercept rogue agent named Robert Mezner , Hayden 's right arm is infected with the fictional Technocyte virus , which gives him the ability to grow a three-pronged `` Glaive '' at will . Dark Sector received mixed to positive reviews for its visual design , originality of action and weapon-based gameplay . Many critics have compared the game to Resident Evil 4 and Gears of War , for their similar style of play and story .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eee9b47d152e78452e62fc4fce609dce",
"text": "In the Hand of Dante In the Hand of Dante is the third novel by Nick Tosches .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fb1a0192df5037093557b1d59585adff",
"text": "Third Hawkins Born Maurice Hawkins , Third Hawkins is a recognized music producer in and out of the DMV area including his hometown of Baltimore , Maryland . He has been producing music for over 10 years and was formally in the r & b group JONDOE . His group was signed to a demo deal with Universal Music Group during the late 90 's but an album never formed . After performing on the Apollo Theater the group decided to disband and Third Hawkins began his production career . Buying music equipment piece by piece he started working with local artist including a young group which he helped formed . After working with several local artist Third began writing for different singers and became one of Baltimore and Dc 's most unknown talent . He started Ghostwriting for artist because he did not want the notoriety that comes with fame . QUOTE : `` My goal is to become the best multi-genre African American male author of the future . '' Third Hawkins hits the scene with the pure gifted talent of story telling in a way that captivates each reader as if they were a part of the story twisting Urban Literature writing in a way that has never been done . . QUOTE : `` I have done so many things in my life that has made me become the man I am today . Some good and some bad but none of them do I regret . '' Third Hawkins began his journey in the music business in an R&B group called JONDOE of which they were signed to a major record label but never produced a full album . It was then when he focused his talent for writing songs and developing them into musical love stories that he began his curiosity for the literary arts . Although writing is what he loved to do music was always his passion . Producing tracks for local and other music artist . Performing at the legendary Apollo theater and other venues are what inspired him to become a better artist . Between work and relationships the music in his life dwindled and the love he once had left after years of R&B changed in the musical domain . He began to write short stories just for fun and one day while on the subway train . Using nothing but his data phone began texting his first book , `` My Only Syn '' . After writing the book and seeing how new found friends that were writers were screwed over by several publishing companies Third started his own publishing company , 3rdHawkins Publishing and began to write the self acclaimed drama `` Wake Me When It 's Over '' based on the life of a strong man trying to survive living with depression . `` I look at urban novels as the future of literary art because of the fact that it 's as real as you can get in telling a story . Hip Hop was once looked at as a genre in music that would never last and now the stories that they tell have influenced all genres of music from rock to country . Every one has some sort of story to tell and some stories may help even if it 's just one person who will read my book and can relate : I am satisfied and feel I have done my job as an author . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1f3df0e0fdc527c8abbc6daa9e50f6ad",
"text": "Three (2006 film) Three ( sometimes stylized Thr3e ) is a 2006 film adaptation of the novel of the same name by Ted Dekker . It was directed by Robby Henson . It grossed $ 1.4 million and has a 5 % approval rating at Rotten Tomatoes , which called it a `` thrill-free thriller '' in its critical consensus .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "37bef0e9f4ffa10ba329690feb1bb3ec",
"text": "Pacific War series The Pacific War is a series of alternate history novels written by Newt Gingrich and William R. Forstchen with Albert S. Hanser . The series deals with the Pacific War between the United States of America and the Empire of Japan . The point of divergence is the decision of Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto , commander-in-chief of the Japanese Combined Fleet , to take personal command of the 1st Air Fleet for the attack on Pearl Harbor , rather than delegate it to Adm. Chūichi Nagumo .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d3f2f618bcfd8f6dad52555a13b56735",
"text": "Island (novel series) Island is a novel trilogy by Canadian author Gordon Korman . The books are set in contemporary times and designed for young teenagers . The series consists of : Shipwreck ( 2000 ) Survival ( 2001 ) Escape ( 2001 ) Island Trilogy Bind-Up Book ( 2006 )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "58032852e8180530f7c9865bdd1d84aa",
"text": "Slave Ship (Jeter novel) Slave Ship is the second book in The Bounty Hunter Wars trilogy of books in the Star Wars expanded universe . It was written by K. W. Jeter .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3eb115d130536377253a2d8de8bb75c1",
"text": "Wicked Willow The Wicked Willow trilogy were three original novels based on the U.S. television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer . In the UK , an omnibus of the entire trilogy was later released .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
f6aff9148871a0f283bc1a263c064743
|
Frank Sinatra starred in The Man with the Golden Arm.
|
[
{
"docid": "f3522271c4170c2adfd043c2a91ff902",
"text": "Frank Sinatra Francis Albert Sinatra ( -LSB- sᵻˈnɑːtrə -RSB- -LSB- siˈnaːtra -RSB- ; December 12 , 1915 -- May 14 , 1998 ) was an American singer , actor , and producer who was one of the most popular and influential musical artists of the 20th century . He is one of the best-selling music artists of all time , having sold more than 150 million records worldwide . Born in Hoboken , New Jersey , to Italian immigrants , Sinatra began his musical career in the swing era with bandleaders Harry James and Tommy Dorsey . Sinatra found success as a solo artist after he signed with Columbia Records in 1943 , becoming the idol of the `` bobby soxers '' . He released his debut album , The Voice of Frank Sinatra , in 1946 . Sinatra 's professional career had stalled by the early 1950s , and he turned to Las Vegas , where he became one of its best known performers as part of the Rat Pack . His career was reborn in 1953 with the success of From Here to Eternity , with his performance subsequently winning an Academy Award and Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor . Sinatra released several critically lauded albums , including In the Wee Small Hours ( 1955 ) , Songs for Swingin ' Lovers ! ( 1956 ) , Come Fly with Me ( 1958 ) , Only the Lonely ( 1958 ) and Nice 'n' Easy ( 1960 ) . Sinatra left Capitol in 1960 to start his own record label , Reprise Records , and released a string of successful albums . In 1965 , he recorded the retrospective September of My Years , starred in the Emmy-winning television special Frank Sinatra : A Man and His Music , and released the tracks `` Strangers in the Night '' and `` My Way '' . After releasing Sinatra at the Sands , recorded at the Sands Hotel and Casino in Vegas with frequent collaborator Count Basie in early 1966 , the following year he recorded one of his most famous collaborations with Tom Jobim , the album Francis Albert Sinatra & Antonio Carlos Jobim . It was followed by 1968 's collaboration with Duke Ellington . Sinatra retired for the first time in 1971 , but came out of retirement two years later and recorded several albums and resumed performing at Caesars Palace , and reached success in 1980 with `` New York , New York '' . Using his Las Vegas shows as a home base , he toured both within the United States and internationally until a short time before his death in 1998 . Sinatra forged a highly successful career as a film actor . After winning an Academy Award for From Here to Eternity , he starred in The Man with the Golden Arm ( 1955 ) , and received critical acclaim for his performance in The Manchurian Candidate ( 1962 ) . He appeared in various musicals such as On the Town ( 1949 ) , Guys and Dolls ( 1955 ) , High Society ( 1956 ) , and Pal Joey ( 1957 ) , winning another Golden Globe for the latter . Toward the end of his career , he became associated with playing detectives , including the title character in Tony Rome ( 1967 ) . Sinatra would later receive the Golden Globe Cecil B. DeMille Award in 1971 . On television , The Frank Sinatra Show began on ABC in 1950 , and he continued to make appearances on television throughout the 1950s and 1960s . Sinatra was also heavily involved with politics from the mid-1940s , and actively campaigned for presidents such as Harry S. Truman , John F. Kennedy and Ronald Reagan , though before Kennedy 's death Sinatra 's alleged Mafia connections led to his being snubbed . While Sinatra never formally learned how to read music , he had an impressive understanding of it , and he worked very hard from a young age to improve his abilities in all aspects of music . A perfectionist , renowned for his dress sense and performing presence , he always insisted on recording live with his band . His bright blue eyes earned him the popular nickname `` Ol' Blue Eyes '' . Sinatra led a colorful personal life , and was often involved in turbulent affairs with women , such as with his second wife Ava Gardner . He went on to marry Mia Farrow in 1966 and Barbara Marx in 1976 . Sinatra had several violent confrontations , usually with journalists he felt had crossed him , or work bosses with whom he had disagreements . He was honored at the Kennedy Center Honors in 1983 , was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by Ronald Reagan in 1985 , and the Congressional Gold Medal in 1997 . Sinatra was also the recipient of eleven Grammy Awards , including the Grammy Trustees Award , Grammy Legend Award and the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award . After his death , American music critic Robert Christgau called him `` the greatest singer of the 20th century '' , and he continues to be seen as an iconic figure .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "5ff8ad04500e03f5003d62705c4e369d",
"text": "Oscar Wilde (play) The play Oscar Wilde , written by Leslie and Sewell Stokes , is based on the life of the Irish playwright Oscar Wilde in which Wilde 's friend , the controversial author and journalist Frank Harris , appears as a character . The play , which contains much of Wilde 's actual writings , starts with Wilde 's literary success and his friendship with Lord Alfred Douglas , turns into a courtroom melodrama , and ends with Wilde as a broken alcoholic after two years in prison . Owing to the play 's subject matter it was never granted a licence by the Lord Chamberlain and could , therefore , only be staged in England at a theatre club where membership was required . The play 's first production at London 's Gate Theatre Studio in 1936 , starred Robert Morley as Wilde and was produced by Norman Marshall . Opening on 29 September , the play ran for six weeks and proved to be one of the theatre 's most successful productions . Later in New York in 1938 , again with Morley in the title role , the play became a major award-winning success on Broadway at the Fulton Theatre where it opened on 10 October and ran for 247 performances . This success launched Robert Morley 's career as a stage actor on both sides of the Atlantic . Coinciding with the Broadway production there was also a four-week revival in London at the Arts Theatre starring Francis L. Sullivan and produced by Ronald Adam , which opened on 25 October 1938 . The play was revived again at the Bolton 's Theatre Club , starring Frank Pettingell and directed by Leslie Stokes , in 1948 . The film Oscar Wilde , based on the Stokes brothers ' play , was released in 1960 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "beb024b0661347a69c11677859d286d1",
"text": "The Golden Coach The Golden Coach ( Le Carrosse d'or La carrozza d'oro ) is a 1952 film directed by Jean Renoir that tells the story of a commedia dell ` arte troupe in 18th century Peru . The screenplay was written by Renoir , Jack Kirkland , Renzo Avanzo and Giulio Macchi and is based on the play Le Carrosse du Saint-Sacrement by Prosper Mérimée . It stars Anna Magnani , Odoardo Spadaro and Duncan Lamont .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f72c676c359b4c4b26f4d633de297d46",
"text": "Frank Gillmore Frank Parker Gillmore ( May 14 , 1867 , New York City , New York -- March 29 , 1943 , New York City , New York ) was an American playwright and a stage and early film actor . He was a founder and former President of Actor 's Equity . He was born to John Parker Gillmore and his actress wife , Emily ( née Thorne : died March 5 , 1907 ) , sister of the actress Sarah Thorne and actors Thomas and George Thorne . At the time of his birth his parents were touring the United States , returning to Great Britain three weeks after their son 's birth . Frank Gillmore was educated at the Chiswick Collegiate School in London and made his stage debut in London in 1879 , then toured the British provinces for three years before returning to the London stage where he remained for a further five years . During this period he shared lodgings with George Arliss . Gillmore then alternated between appearances in Britain and America for a further five years . Aged 17 he appeared with Lillie Langtry . He married the American actress Laura Margaret MacGillivray whom he met when they both appeared in an American tour of Lady Windermere 's Fan . With her he had two daughters , the actors Ruth Gillmore and Margalo Gillmore . Frank Gillmore appeared as a leading man with the companies of Minnie Fiske , Henrietta Crosman , Mary Mannering , Bertha Kalich and George Fawcett , among others . Gillmore 's stage appearances included a single matinee performance of The Merchant of Venice on October 17 , 1895 at the Gaiety Theatre in London , when he played Bassanio , The Ghost of Jerry Bundler at the Haymarket Theatre in London in September 1902 , and A Japanese Nightingale which opened at Daly 's Theater in New York in November 1903 . Gillmore returned to America semi-permanently sometime in the late 1890s , and took his family with him . He and his family were long time summer residents of the Actor 's Colony at Siasconset , and he was a former president of the Siasconset Casino . Gillmore became a founder of the Actors ' Equity Association in 1913 after the Actors Society of America disbanded in 1912 . He made two silent films , The Fairy and the Waif ( 1915 ) and The Lifted Veil ( 1917 ) . From 1918 to 1929 he was the union 's Executive Secretary and eventual President , a position he held from 1929 to 1937 . He was also the international President of the Associated Actors and Artistes of America from 1938 to 1943 and a Freemason . As President of Actor 's Equity Gillmore received The American Arbitration Association 's annual gold Commercial Peace Medal in May 1931 `` for distinguished service in the establishment of commercial peace through arbitration '' Frank Gillmore died of cancer in New York City on March 29 , 1943 , aged 75 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3f1c6a09be447d549ff88abe4573d428",
"text": "Anthony Martin Sinatra Anthony Martin Sinatra ( born Saverio Antonino Martino Sinatra , ; May 4 , 1892 -- January 24 , 1969 ) was an Italian-American Hoboken city fireman , professional boxer , bar owner , and father of singer and actor Frank Sinatra .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a028eacd3e73d43dc9e7e3d2eccec380",
"text": "I'm in Love with a Wonderful Guy `` A Wonderful Guy '' is a show tune from the 1949 Rodgers and Hammerstein musical South Pacific . It was first introduced by Mary Martin in the original Broadway production and sung by Mitzi Gaynor in the 1958 film adaptation . In the show , Nellie sings this song after being convinced that despite the racial differences between her and Emile , there is good in him . And so she is elated to be in love with him . Rodgers and Hammerstein were as inspired by Mary Martin 's personality as they were by the character of Nellie Forbush to write this song . They introduced it to Mary Martin one night when they were at Joshua Logan 's house fine-tuning the script . Hammerstein wrote this song to express the exuberance of Nellie 's character at this point in the show , and it carried over to Mary Martin 's performance of it . Mary Martin was so thrilled that when she sang it on stage , she performed cartwheels on the stage at every turn of `` I 'm in love . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ecb464d56c98565df910289306b9d9ed",
"text": "Von Ryan's Express Von Ryan 's Express is a World War II adventure film , released in 1965 , about a group of Allied prisoners of war who conduct a daring escape by hijacking a freight train and fleeing through German-occupied Italy to Switzerland . It stars Frank Sinatra and Trevor Howard , and is based on the novel by David Westheimer . It was directed by Mark Robson . The film changes several aspects of the novel , most notably the ending , which is considerably more upbeat in the book . It became one of Frank Sinatra 's most successful films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e1270962b56c7ab7ebf1d72cdaa66c55",
"text": "Nancy (with the Laughing Face) `` Nancy ( with the Laughing Face ) '' is a song composed in 1942 by Jimmy Van Heusen , with lyrics by Phil Silvers . It is commonly believed that the song was written for the birthday of Nancy Sinatra . This was a misunderstanding that eventually led to the song being recorded by Frank Sinatra .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "620b53f2210f85136094f551baa45a49",
"text": "Frank Sinatra Jr. Francis Wayne `` Frank '' Sinatra ( January 10 , 1944 -- March 16 , 2016 ) , professionally known as Frank Sinatra Jr. , was an American singer , songwriter , and conductor . He was the son of singer and actor Frank Sinatra and his first wife , Nancy Barbato Sinatra ; the younger brother of singer and actress Nancy Sinatra ; and older brother of television producer Tina Sinatra .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f93cc712f3136cf0d01990e77446611b",
"text": "Golden Throats Golden Throats is Rhino Records ' series of humorous compilations of critically lambasted cover versions of songs , performed mostly either by celebrities known for something other than musical talent or musicians not known for the genre from which the song they are covering comes . For example , William Shatner sings ( or , more precisely , does a dramatic reading of the lyrics to ) `` Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds , '' Leonard Nimoy sings `` If I Had a Hammer , '' and Muhammad Ali sings `` Stand by Me . '' Other examples include the Bing Crosby cover of the Beatles ' `` Hey Jude '' and the Mel Tormé cover of Donovan 's `` Sunshine Superman , '' as both were rock songs being covered by musicians of an older generation . In most cases , the songs appear to be performed sincerely , rather than in a spirit of irony or intentional goofiness . In many respects , these albums were among the first to anthologize lounge music , with their focus on `` light '' versions of contemporary hits . The series ( of four albums ) was created and produced by long-time Rhino staffer Gary Peterson and pop culture historian Pat Sierchio . Each release contained liner notes penned by acclaimed music historian Irwin Chusid , and most featured original art by Drew Friedman . The cover art parodied well-known albums ( Sgt. Pepper 's Lonely Hearts Club Band , Their Satanic Majesties Request , Sweetheart Of The Rodeo , and the Beatles ' infamous `` butcher '' cover for Yesterday And Today ) . The notoriety of the series no doubt contributed to William Shatner 's decision to relaunch his musical career . There were a total of four albums in the series : They are : Golden Throats : The Great Celebrity Sing Off ( LP : 1988 ; CD : 1992 ) Golden Throats 2 : More Celebrity Rock Oddities ! ( 1991 ) Golden Throats 3 : Sweethearts of Rodeo Drive ( 1995 ) Golden Throats 4 : Celebrities Butcher the Beatles ( 1997 )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "988cfc0770d4791b0d1b005ca675c371",
"text": "Louis Elliman Louis Elliman ( 1906 -- 1965 ) , was an Irish impresario and theatre manager . Elliman was born in Dublin , a son of Maurice Elliman , who had fled from Tsarist persecution in Russia . He was educated at Synge Street CBS . His father became involved in cinema by establishing the Theatre De Luxe in Camden St. in 1912 . After university Louis started work at a pharmacy but after a few years gave that up to become a film agent in London . In the meantime Maurice acquired Dublin 's Gaiety Theatre , which was passed on to Louis . In the early 1930s , Louis Elliman sold a 50 % share in the Gaiety to entrepreneur Patrick Wall , a Clare man . The pair also owned the Metropole and the Savoy cinemas . Along with Patrick Wall , Elliman acquired the Theatre Royal , Dublin in 1936 . With the outbreak of the Second World War , Wall and Elliman were forced to keep the two theatres going with native talent only . This led to the emergence of a raft of Irish acts who were to provide the mainstay of the Royal 's output for the remainder of its existence . These included such Irish household names as Jimmy O'Dea , Harry O'Donovan , Maureen Potter , Danny Cummins , Mike Nolan , Alice Dalgarno , Noel Purcell , Micheál MacLiammoir , Cecil Sheridan , Jack Cruise , Paddy Crosbie and Patricia Cahill . In July 1951 Judy Garland appeared for a series of sold out performances at the Royal and was received with tremendous ovations . The legendary singer sang from her dressing room window to hundreds of people who were unable to get tickets and critics dubbed her `` America 's Colleen '' Popular Irish American entertainer Carmel Quinn also made her singing debut in the Theatre Royal during the early 1950s . After a spell acquiring cinemas around the country , which were taken over by the Rank Organization , Louis went into film production . In 1957 he opened Ardmore Studios . With managing director Emmet Dalton he travelled to the US to promote the studios and to acquire foreign investment . The studios accordingly landed its first major foreign booking with 1959 's Shake Hands with the Devil , starring Oscar winner James Cagney and Dana Wynter . A year later progress was consolidated when Robert Mitchum appeared in Tay Garnett 's `` A Terrible Beauty '' . In 1961 , Ardmore Studios hosted the controversial `` The Mark '' , directed by Guy Green , which was nominated for the Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival and earned its star , Stuart Whitman , an Oscar nomination . Other films produced at this time include Don Chaffey 's The Webster Boys and `` Johnny Nobody '' with Cyril Cusack . Hammer Films also utilised the studios as a base for their production , The Viking Queen . The studios went into receivership in 1963 but re-opened later . Under pressure from rising overheads and the increasing popularity of the cinema and the introduction of television , the Theatre Royal closed its doors on 30 June 1962 . By this time Louis was dogged by bad health and died in 1965 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f93ef04690f05da01bc6efe4af30b75c",
"text": "The Wrong Man The Wrong Man is a 1956 American docudrama film directed by Alfred Hitchcock and starring Henry Fonda and Vera Miles . The film was drawn from the true story of an innocent man charged with a crime , as described in the book The True Story of Christopher Emmanuel Balestrero by Maxwell Anderson and in the magazine article `` A Case of Identity '' ( Life magazine , June 29 , 1953 ) by Herbert Brean . It is one of the few Hitchcock films based on a true story and whose plot closely follows the real-life events . The Wrong Man had a notable effect on two significant directors : it prompted Jean-Luc Godard 's longest piece of written criticism in his years as a critic , and it has been cited as an influence on Martin Scorsese 's Taxi Driver .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "37fc246ad14b06cfe5ceb0620a118c1c",
"text": "Howard Freeman Howard Freeman ( December 9 , 1899 -- December 11 , 1967 ) was an American stage actor of the early 20th century , and film and television actor of the 1940s through the 1960s . Freeman was born in Helena , Montana , and began working as a stage actor in his 20s . He did not enter the film industry until he was over 40 , in 1942 , when he played a small uncredited role in Inflation . Despite his late start in film acting , Freeman would build himself a fairly substantial career in that field that would last over twenty three years . From 1943 onward he worked on a regular basis , sometimes in uncredited roles , but more often than not in small but credited bit or supporting parts . He appeared in ten films in 1943 , and another eighteen from 1944 through 1945 . In 1946 Freeman would appear in twelve films , the most notable of which was his first film of that year , Abilene Town , starring Randolph Scott and Lloyd Bridges , and California , starring Barbara Stanwyck and Ray Milland . From 1947 through 1950 Freeman appeared in twenty films , and in 1951 he began appearing on numerous television series , which would be his main acting roles for the remainder of his career , lasting into 1965 . He appeared in three episodes of Studio One , along with many other TV series , including Car 54 , Where Are You ? and Route 66 . He retired from film and television acting in 1965 , and settled into retirement in New York City , where he was living at the time of his death on December 11 , 1967 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7c8218ed585b459a5d0d5b27c5d5189f",
"text": "The Frank Sinatra Show (1957 TV series) The Frank Sinatra Show is an ABC variety and drama series , starring Frank Sinatra , premiering on October 18 , 1957 , and last airing on June 27 , 1958 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "79af2bf71492f7bc11a1de9e402b3a24",
"text": "All My Tomorrows (song) `` All My Tomorrows '' is a 1959 ballad with lyrics by Sammy Cahn and music by Jimmy van Heusen . The song was expressly written as a Frank Sinatra vehicle . It was introduced in the film A Hole in the Head where Sinatra sings it in the opening credits . Sinatra later featured `` All My Tomorrows '' on his 1961 album All the Way . Sinatra re-recorded it for his 1969 album My Way , in a new arrangement which Charles L. Granata considers to be superior to the original , and which AllMusic calls `` lush and aching '' . Rolling Stone describes the song as `` the poignant monologue of a man determined to turn his life around '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ac251df10927ba3566175190ca113b2e",
"text": "The Capitol Years (1990 Frank Sinatra album) The Capitol Years is a 1990 compilation album of the U.S. singer Frank Sinatra . Released to coincide with Sinatra 's 75th birthday , this three-disc set has an abundance of classic Sinatra performances from his career with Capitol Records , which spanned the years 1953 to 1961 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "015e28c8c4dc39858fae3737288827d1",
"text": "Not as a Stranger Not as a Stranger is a 1955 Drama film produced and directed by Stanley Kramer based on the 1954 novel of the same name by Morton Thompson . The romantic melodrama novel was widely popular , topping that year 's list of bestselling novels in the United States . The film was Kramer 's directorial debut and featured Olivia de Havilland and Robert Mitchum in the lead roles , backed by a stellar supporting cast including Frank Sinatra , Gloria Grahame , Broderick Crawford , Charles Bickford , Lon Chaney , Jr. , Harry Morgan , and Lee Marvin . The film was released by United Artists . Sinatra had catapulted back into the limelight as the result of a supporting role for a film from a similarly popular novel , From Here to Eternity , two years earlier . Initially a minor box office success , Not as a Stranger is seldom seen today , never receiving widespread distribution on home video . It was first released on DVD in 1992 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "27c0e1d2be7ab4a38e2240cb153af779",
"text": "Tonight We Sing Tonight We Sing is a 1953 musical biopic film , directed by Mitchell Leisen , based on the life and career of the celebrated impresario Sol Hurok . It stars David Wayne and Ezio Pinza . The tenor voice of Jan Peerce was heard in the picture as well as the RCA Victor soundtrack release .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9c50fd24bab962aec3be30f3766cc701",
"text": "Together Again Tour The Diamond Jubilee World is the concert tour by American recording artist , Frank Sinatra , with Dean Martin and Sammy Davis Jr. . .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "550c68a373af0337f9959415d4ece73e",
"text": "Cool Hand Luke Cool Hand Luke is a 1967 American prison drama film directed by Stuart Rosenberg , starring Paul Newman and featuring George Kennedy in an Oscar-winning performance . Newman stars in the title role as Luke , a prisoner in a Florida prison camp who refuses to submit to the system . The film , set in the early 1950s , is based on Donn Pearce 's 1965 novel of the same name . Pearce sold the story to Warner Bros. , who then hired him to write the script . Due to Pearce 's lack of film experience , the studio added Frank Pierson to rework the screenplay . Newman 's biographer Marie Edelman Borden states that the `` tough , honest '' script drew together threads from earlier movies , especially Hombre , Newman 's earlier film of 1967 . The film has been cited by Roger Ebert as an anti-establishment film which was shot during the time of the Vietnam War , in which Newman 's character endures `` physical punishment , psychological cruelty , hopelessness and equal parts of sadism and masochism . '' His influence on his prison mates and the torture that he endures is compared to that of Jesus , and Christian symbolism is used throughout the film , culminating in a photograph superimposed over crossroads at the end of the film in comparison to the crucifixion . Filming took place on the San Joaquin River Delta , and the set , imitating a southern prison farm , was built in Stockton , California . The filmmakers sent a crew to Tavares Road Prison in Tavares , Florida , to take photographs and measurements . Upon its release , Cool Hand Luke received favorable reviews and became a box-office success . The film cemented Newman 's status as one of the era 's top box-office actors , while the film was described as the `` touchstone of an era . '' Newman was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor , George Kennedy won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor , Pearce and Pierson were nominated for the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay , and the score by Lalo Schifrin was also nominated for the Best Original Score . In 2005 , the United States Library of Congress selected it for the National Film Registry , considering it to be `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant . '' It has a 100 % rating on the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes . The quotation used by the prison warden ( Strother Martin ) in the film , which begins with `` What we 've got here is failure to communicate , '' was listed at No. 11 on the American Film Institute 's list of the 100 most memorable movie lines .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "02b2abd77170197b7ae137ff009afee6",
"text": "The Man with the Golden Gun The Man with the Golden Gun may refer to : The Man with the Golden Gun ( novel ) , a 1965 Ian Fleming novel The Man with the Golden Gun ( film ) , a 1974 film , starring Roger Moore as James Bond The Man with the Golden Gun ( soundtrack ) , the soundtrack of the 1974 film `` The Man with the Golden Gun '' ( song ) , the title song of the 1974 film , sung by Lulu `` Man With the Golden Gun '' , an Alice Cooper song that did not make the film 's soundtrack and was instead released on 1973 's Muscle of Love album Francisco Scaramanga , the titular villain of both the novel and the film",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
5c2636e74e4bbdb67c84c35e36f85610
|
The Ku Klux Klan flourished in the late 1860s.
|
[
{
"docid": "9fae7c3c132cd25f2767caf11a1e7045",
"text": "Ku Klux Klan The Ku Klux Klan ( KKK ) , or simply the Klan , is the name of three distinct movements in the United States that have advocated extremist reactionary currents such as white supremacy , white nationalism , anti-immigration , and , especially in later iterations , Nordicism , anti-Catholicism , and antisemitism . Historically the KKK used terrorism , both physical assault and murder , against groups or individuals whom they opposed . All three movements have called for the `` purification '' of American society , and all are considered right-wing extremist organizations . The first Klan flourished in the Southern United States in the late 1860s , then died out by the early 1870s . It sought to overthrow the Republican state governments in the South during the Reconstruction Era , especially by using violence against African American leaders . With numerous chapters across the South , it was suppressed around 1871 , through federal law enforcement . Members made their own , often colorful , costumes : robes , masks , and conical hats , designed to be terrifying , and to hide their identities . The second group was founded in 1915 , and it flourished nationwide in the early and mid-1920s , particularly in urban areas of the Midwest and West . It was rooted in local Protestant communities and opposed Catholics and Jews , and stressed its opposition to the Catholic Church at a time of high immigration from mostly Catholic nations of southern and eastern Europe . This second organization adopted a standard white costume and used code words which were similar to those used by the first Klan , while adding cross burnings and mass parades to intimidate others . The third and current manifestation of the KKK emerged after 1950 , in the form of small , local , unconnected groups that use the KKK name . They have focused on opposition to the Civil Rights Movement , often using violence and murder to suppress activists . It is classified as a hate group by the Anti-Defamation League and the Southern Poverty Law Center . , the Anti-Defamation League puts total Klan membership nationwide at around 3,000 , while the Southern Poverty Law Center ( SPLC ) puts it at 6,000 members total . The second and third incarnations of the Ku Klux Klan made frequent references to America 's `` Anglo-Saxon '' blood , hearkening back to 19th-century nativism . Although members of the KKK swear to uphold Christian morality , virtually every Christian denomination has officially denounced the KKK .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "f9d1152547c0bde01830b7e8bd60024c",
"text": "1861",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9c69b4865546cd102d3f64484fde17a3",
"text": "Underground Railroad The Underground Railroad was a network of secret routes and safe houses established in the United States during the early-to-mid 19th century , and used by African-American slaves to escape into free states and Canada with the aid of abolitionists and allies who were sympathetic to their cause . The term is also applied to the abolitionists , both black and white , free and enslaved , who aided the fugitives . Various other routes led to Mexico or overseas . An earlier escape route running south toward Florida , then a Spanish possession , existed from the late 17th century until shortly after the American Revolution . However , the network now generally known as the Underground Railroad was formed in the late 1700s , and reached its height between 1850 and 1860 . One estimate suggests that by 1850 , 100,000 slaves had escaped via the `` Railroad '' . British North America ( present-day Canada ) , where slavery was prohibited , was a popular destination , as its long border gave many points of access . Most former slaves settled in Ontario . More than 30,000 people were said to have escaped there via the network during its 20-year peak period , although U.S. Census figures account for only 6,000 . Numerous fugitives ' stories are documented in the 1872 book The Underground Railroad Records by William Still , an abolitionist who then headed the Philadelphia Vigilance Committee .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "93f361152898ccf475a3e02085782fce",
"text": "Organized crime in Minneapolis Organized crime in Minneapolis first attracted national attention in 1903 , when thug and mayor Doc Ames ( 1842-1911 ) was exposed by Lincoln Steffens in the book The Shame of the Cities . Steffens 's account and subsequent trials revealed a police department recruited from felons shaking down the Minneapolis underworld on the mayor 's behalf . Ames later fled the state , spending a short period as a fugitive before being arrested and extradited to Minnesota . He was convicted of receiving a bribe and sentenced to six years in prison . His sentence was later appealed and overturned . In 1919 , the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution transformed American crime , shaping small-time hoodlums into major organized crime figures . In Minneapolis , the underworld was dominated by local gangs of the Irish mob , flanked by Jewish gangsters and by corrupt cops and politicians from the Republican , Democratic and Farmer-Labor Parties . Romanian-Jewish immigrant Isadore Blumenfeld , alias Kid Cann ( 1900-1981 ) , was changed overnight from a nickel-and-dime pimp and bookmaker from Northside , Minneapolis , into a respected godfather with close ties to both the Chicago Outfit and the Genovese crime family . Assisted by his brothers Jacob and Harry , Kid Cann 's `` Minneapolis Combination '' dealt in bootleg booze , trucking distribution routes , illegal gambling and real estate deals throughout the American Sun Belt . He was the most notorious gangster in the city 's history . Rival crime families were run by David Berman , Thomas W. Banks and `` Big Ed '' Morgan . These gangsters tended to cooperate on business and avoid turf wars by appealing to the mediation of the National Mafia Commission . In the process , Minneapolis became a major center of bootlegged booze , gambling , brothels and unbridled corruption . Deuce Casper ( 1936-2003 ) was a Baldy Street Gang founder and boss . During Casper 's time in Minneapolis , more than 1,000 thugs roamed the streets from 1955 to 1975 , creating mayhem and fear among the citizens . Casper robbed banks , jewelry stores and armored cars , while his associates robbed commercial businesses and ran large drug-dealing operations . The most notable Baldy was Perry `` The Scholar '' Millik ( 1944 -- 2003 ) , who ran commercial burglary rings and drug-manufacturing houses . He was involved in widespread real estate frauds and was the front man for real estate purchases for the infamous Alexander Brothers ( porn and prostitution kings ) . Currently , the Capra/Patterson syndicate controls all nationally sanctioned crime activities in the Twin Cities . Gambling is their primary source of income , and they are working under the auspices of the Genoveses ( 2011 ) . On the corner of 26th Street and 26th Avenue in South Minneapolis exists a historical location , called Hub of Hell , and was home to numerous saloons , bars , nightclubs , and a bowling alley that drew rowdy crowds of steel-workers , factory workers from the old Minneapolis Moline factory , thugs , gangsters , and brawling drunks . These establishments included the stand-up drinking establishment of Pearsons , The Hexagon , Nibs , Duffy 's and the Stardust Bowling Alley . Here , corrupt cops mingled with their presumed rivals ( like Duffy 's bouncer , `` Mush '' ) . The neighborhood was infamous for its bloody brawls fought by colorful characters like Deuce Casper , Tommy `` The Bomber '' Ogdahl , and Perry `` The Scholar '' Millik , often for the entertainment of spectators to enjoy and keep the old General Hospital busy on weekends . Prior to 1900 another location known as Hell 's Half Acre was located between 2nd and 3rd Avenues South and 8th and 9th Streets South and had the same rowdy reputation . In the 1890 History of the Fire and Police Departments of Minneapolis , it was described as a `` place of utter darkness , wailing and woe . Bloody frays were of nightly occurrence and not infrequently such weapons as hatchets , knives and even revolvers entered into the conflict . The alleys were literally strewn with empty beer kegs and whisky bottles and the latter were often used as missiles of warfare . As a usual thing Sundays were given up entirely to drinking and fighting , and family feuds were as numerous and bitter as those of Kentucky , though not as murderous . '' ( Pg . 280 )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c22a401c1da1e8a711b7dcee1af79fe4",
"text": "Confederate States Army The Confederate States Army ( CSA ) was the military ground force of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War . On February 28 , 1861 , the Provisional Confederate Congress established a provisional volunteer army and gave control over military operations and authority for mustering state forces and volunteers to the Confederate president , Jefferson Davis , a graduate of the U.S. Military Academy and colonel of a volunteer regiment during the Mexican War . In March 1861 , the Provisional Confederate Congress established a more permanent Confederate States Army . An accurate count of the total number of individuals who served in the Confederate army is not possible due to incomplete and destroyed Confederate records ; all but extremely improbable estimates of the number of Confederate soldiers range between 600,000 and 1,500,000 men . The better estimates of the number of individual Confederate soldiers are between 750,000 and 1,000,000 men . This does not include an unknown number of slaves who were pressed into performing various tasks for the army , such as construction of fortifications and defenses or driving wagons . Since these figures include estimates of the total number of individual soldiers who served at any time during the war , they do not represent the size of the army at any given date . These numbers do not include men who served in Confederate naval forces . Although most of the soldiers who fought in the American Civil War were volunteers , both sides by 1862 resorted to conscription , primarily as a means to force men to register and to volunteer . In the absence of exact records , estimates of the percentage of Confederate soldiers who were draftees are about double the 6 percent of Union soldiers who were conscripts . Confederate casualty figures also are incomplete and unreliable . The best estimates of the number of deaths of Confederate soldiers are about 94,000 killed or mortally wounded in battle , 164,000 deaths from disease and between 26,000 and 31,000 deaths in Union prison camps . One estimate of Confederate wounded , which is considered incomplete , is 194,026 . These numbers do not include men who died from other causes such as accidents , which would add several thousand to the death toll . The main Confederate armies , the Army of Northern Virginia under General Robert E. Lee and the remnants of the Army of Tennessee and various other units under General Joseph E. Johnston , surrendered to the U.S. on April 9 , 1865 ( officially April 12 ) , and April 18 , 1865 ( officially April 26 ) . Other Confederate forces surrendered between April 16 , 1865 and June 28 , 1865 . By the end of the war , more than 100,000 Confederate soldiers had deserted . The Confederacy 's government effectively dissolved when it fled Richmond in April and exerted no control of the remaining armies .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1c0e2d57a819115615f34482516a5272",
"text": "Kentucky in the American Civil War Kentucky was a border state of key importance in the American Civil War . President Abraham Lincoln recognized the importance of the Commonwealth when , in a September 1861 letter to Orville Browning , he wrote : I think to lose Kentucky is nearly the same as to lose the whole game . Kentucky gone , we can not hold Missouri , nor Maryland . These all against us , and the job on our hands is too large for us . We would as well consent to separation at once , including the surrender of this capitol . Kentucky , being a border state , was among the chief places where the `` Brother against brother '' scenario was prevalent . Kentucky officially declared its neutrality at the beginning of the war , but after a failed attempt by Confederate General Leonidas Polk to take the state of Kentucky for the Confederacy , the legislature petitioned the Union Army for assistance . After early 1862 Kentucky came largely under Union control . Kentucky was the site of several fierce battles , including Mill Springs and Perryville . It was host to such military leaders as Ulysses S. Grant on the Union side , who first encountered serious Confederate gunfire coming from Columbus , Kentucky , and Confederate cavalry leader Nathan Bedford Forrest . Forrest proved to be a scourge to the Union Army in western Kentucky , even making an attack on Paducah . Kentuckian John Hunt Morgan further challenged Union control , as he conducted numerous cavalry raids through the state . Kentucky was the birthplace of Abraham Lincoln , his wife Mary Todd , and his southern counterpart , Confederate President Jefferson Davis . In the historiography of the Civil War , Kentucky is treated primarily as a border state , with special attention to the social divisions during the secession crisis , invasions and raids , internal violence , sporadic guerrilla warfare , federal-state relations , the ending of slavery , and the return of Confederate veterans .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "33d1f8403b3e0d08616505be1d2a23cd",
"text": "Imperial Klans of America The Imperial Klans of America , Knights of the Ku Klux Klan is a white supremacist paramilitary organization styled after the original Ku Klux Klan ( KKK ) . In 2008 , it was reported that the IKA had the nation 's second largest KKK membership . The IKA , headed by Ron Edwards , claims to be the sixth era of the Ku Klux Klan . Members of the 6th era , like members of previous eras , claim constitutional rights as part of the `` Unorganized Militia '' . The IKA claims to stand upon Supreme Court decisions in favor of previous Klans . They are headquartered near Dawson Springs , Kentucky and claim external Imperial Klan offices in Australia , Canada , England , Scotland , and South Africa , as well as throughout Europe and South America . In 2011 , a recurring hoax concerning the IKA endorsing Barack Obama was once again exposed as a farce based on a parody website 's humorous reporting . In fact , in 2008 , Ron Edwards was quoted as supporting John McCain .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b78bfc5ff158a15a2295c620c6fffd3d",
"text": "Black Power movement The Black Power movement was a political movement to achieve a form of Black Power and the many philosophies it contains . The movement saw various forms of activism some violent and some peaceful , all hoping to achieve black empowerment . The Black Power movement also represented socialist movements , all with the general motivation of improving the standing of black people in society . Originated during the Civil Rights Movement , some doubted the philosophy of the movement begging for more radical action , taking influences from Malcolm X . The cornerstone of the movement was the Black Panther Party , a Black Power organization dedicated to socialism and the use of violence to achieve it . The Black Power movement developed in the criticisms of the Civil Rights Movement in the early 1960s , and over time and into the 1970s , the movement grew and became more violent . After years of violence , many left the movement and the police began arresting violent actors in the movement . The Black Power movement also spilled out into the Caribbean creating the Black Power Revolution . Motivated by principles of community control , Black Power activists founded scores of institutions and services , including black-owned bookstores , food cooperatives , farms , media , printing presses , schools , clinics , and ambulance services .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e1e1246626869d43d25992b6adbacfb7",
"text": "Freedom suit Freedom suits were lawsuits in the Thirteen Colonies and the United States filed by enslaved people against slaveholders to assert claims to freedom , often based on descent from a free maternal ancestor , or time held as a resident in a free state or territory . The right to petition for freedom descended from English common law and allowed people to challenge their enslavement or indenture . Petitioners challenged slavery both directly and indirectly , even if slaveholders generally viewed such petitions as a means to uphold rather than undermine slavery . Beginning with the colonies in North America , legislatures enacted slave laws that created a legal basis for `` just subjection ; '' these were adopted or updated by the state and territorial legislatures that superseded them after the United States gained independence . These codes also enabled enslaved persons to sue for freedom based on wrongful enslavement . While some cases were tried during the colonial period , the majority of petitions for freedom were heard during the antebellum period in the border or the Southern United States . After the American Revolution , most northern states abolished slavery and were considered `` free . '' The United States Congress prohibited slavery in some newly established territories , and some new states were admitted to the union as free states . The rise in travel and migration of masters with slaves between free and slave states resulted in conditions that gave rise to slaves suing for freedom . Many free states had residency limits for masters who brought slaves into their territory ; after that time , the slave would be considered free . Some slaves sued for wrongful enslavement after being held in a free state . Other grounds for suit were that the person was freeborn and illegally held in slavery , or that the person was illegally held because of being descended from a freeborn woman in the maternal line . The principle of partus sequitur ventrem , first incorporated into English colonial slavery law by a 1662 statute in Virginia , established that children 's status was that of the mother . It was adopted into law by other English colonies , and the states of the United States . In Saint Louis , Missouri records of nearly 300 petition cases have been found that were filed between 1807 and 1860 , and in Washington , D.C. nearly 500 petition cases were filed in the same period . A large portion of cases , as much as one-third , either never went to trial or were settled out of court . In the early nineteenth century in St. Louis and in Washington , D.C. , nearly half of the attorneys at the bar may have acted as counsel for slave petitions . In Missouri , the courts assigned an attorney to the petitioner if it accepted a freedom suit for hearing ; some of the top attorneys in St. Louis defended slaves . After the 1830s , the number of petition cases gradually declined . But from 1800 to 1830 , most of the bar in these cities tried a petition case . Before the end of the eighteenth century , some southern states began to make petitioning for freedom more difficult . Maryland , for example , in 1796 required that county courts serve as the court of original jurisdiction , rather than the General Court of the Western Shore , an appellate court . The county courts clearly would be more favorable to the interests and views of the local planters against whom these suits were often filed . The legislature also banned those with antislavery sympathies from serving on juries in freedom suits . Virginia passed a similar law on jury composition in 1798 . But , for a few decades , courts in slave states such as Louisiana , Mississippi , and Missouri often respected the precedent of `` once free , always free '' established by free states . Until the late 1850s , they ruled that slaves who had been held in free states maintained their freedom even if brought back into slave states . Until the Civil War brought an end to slavery , thousands of freedom suits were tried in state courts across the country , with some slaves petitioning as high as the Supreme Court .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "301b1e27707d5ddab5bb6af040de6bb3",
"text": "Stand Watie Stand Watie ( -LSB- ᏕᎦᏔᎦ , translit = Degataga , lit = Stand firm -RSB- ) ( December 12 , 1806 -- September 9 , 1871 ) -- also known as Standhope Uwatie , Tawkertawker , and Isaac S. Watie -- was a leader of the Cherokee Nation , and not only a brigadier general of the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War , but the only Native American general of the Confederate Army . He commanded the Confederate Indian cavalry of the Army of the Trans-Mississippi , made up mostly of Cherokee , Muskogee and Seminole , and was the final Confederate general in the field to cease hostilities at war 's end . Prior to removal of the Cherokee to Indian Territory in the late 1830s , Watie and his older brother Elias Boudinot were among leaders who signed the Treaty of New Echota in 1835 . The majority of the tribe opposed their action . In 1839 the brothers were attacked in an assassination attempt , as were other relatives active in the Treaty Party . All but Stand Watie were killed . Watie in 1842 killed one of his uncle 's attackers , and in 1845 his brother Thomas Watie was killed in retaliation , in the continuing cycle of violence . Watie was acquitted at trial in the 1850s on the grounds of self-defense . During the American Civil War and soon after , Watie served as Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation ( 1862 -- 1866 ) . By then , the majority of the tribe supported the Confederacy . A minority supported the Union and refused to ratify his election . The former chief John Ross , a Union supporter , was captured in 1862 by Union forces . Watie led the Southern Cherokee delegation to Washington after the war to sue for peace , hoping to have tribal divisions recognized . The US government negotiated only with the leaders who had sided with the Union , and named John Ross as principal chief in 1866 under a new treaty . Watie stayed out of politics for his last years , and tried to rebuild his plantation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fc73081ffb6adf4c3efb6b3810ef034c",
"text": "Waukegan riot of 1966 Waukegan riot of 1966 was a period of conflict between police and some residents of the town 's predominantly African-American and Puerto Rican neighborhoods on the south side that occurred in the midst of the tumult sweeping America in the midst of the Civil Rights Movement . On Friday , 26 August , an African-American police officer named Ernest Jones attempted to arrest Roosevelt Saunders , an African-American man . A fight ensued , and Saunders escaped into a crowd , and several days of rioting followed . The fact that the catalyzing encounter involved two African-Americans prompted some to suggest that the unrest was not about race , but the event underscored a deep sense of disempowerment among the African-American community . By 28 August , 200 police were called to a 2 square mile area bounded by the streets of Genesee , 10th , and McAllister , and South Avenue . As a mostly young crowd battled with police , a Puerto Rican family of six got caught in the crossfire , their car being hit by a Molotov cocktail while returning from church . The Waukegan branch of the NAACP later raised money for these victims . By the night of 29 August , police with riot helmets and shotguns had established a curfew beginning at 7:30 pm for the region enclosed by Belvidere Street , McAlister Street , South Avenue . and Lake Michigan . Over 100 African-Americans were arrested over the course of the weekend . Waukegan Mayor Robert Sabonjian had harsh words for those involved in the riots , calling them `` local hopheads , narcotic addicts , drunkards , and just plain scum '' and vowing that anyone involved in public housing would be evicted . He also reportedly issued an order to police of `` shoot to kill . '' Subsequently , Sabonjian held talks with community leaders and the NAACP , which vowed to open dialogue about segregation , police brutality , and the lack of recreation facilities in African-American and Puerto Rican neighborhoods of the city . Talks fell apart , though , when Sabonjian reiterated charges at the meeting that the NAACP had orchestrated the August unrest . He refused to apologize for the remarks , prompting the NAACP to walk out of talks . They were also upset by Sabonjian 's proposed measure in the city council , which required that all civil rights demonstrations consist of less than 100 people and , moreover , that all participants in these demonstrations ought to have their names submitted to the city police department four days beforehand . In response , the NAACP along with other community leaders organized a march of over 200 people on 10 September through downtown Waukegan . The crowd , mostly African-American , carried signs protesting segregated schools and racist housing policies . The march coincided with a push toward desegregation aimed at Whittier Elementary School . Almost entirely African-American , Whittier 's enrollment stood in contrast to Waukegan 's four other elementary schools , two of which were all white and two of which were 99 % white . As of early September , the Whittier community protested this segregation by boycotting , with less than a quarter of students showing up for class . In the wake of the march , Sabonjian backpedalled from the limit on crowds to less than 100 people , but he maintained the requirement that names of participants be submitted to the police department beforehand , ostensibly to prevent felons from involvement . Subsequent meetings between Sabonjian and the NAACP proved more productive . By late September , they had agreed to building a recreation center in the area of the August unrest as well as initiatives aimed at providing jobs for minority groups . Sabonjian 's rhetoric , however , did not moderate . In October 1966 , he referred to those involved in the riot as `` animals . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "af31ebac68c687b708e9d783d429cba4",
"text": "New York City draft riots The New York draft riots ( July 13 -- 16 , 1863 ) , known at the time as Draft Week , were violent disturbances in Lower Manhattan , widely regarded as the culmination of working-class discontent with new laws passed by Congress that year to draft men to fight in the ongoing American Civil War . The riots remain the largest civil and racial insurrection in American history , aside from the Civil War itself . U.S. President Abraham Lincoln diverted several regiments of militia and volunteer troops from following up after the Battle of Gettysburg to control the city . The rioters were overwhelmingly working-class men , who resented that wealthier men , who could afford to pay a $ 300 ( equivalent to $ 9,157 in 2017 ) commutation fee to hire a substitute , were spared from the draft . Initially intended to express anger at the draft , the protests turned into a race riot , with white rioters , predominantly Irish immigrants , attacking blacks throughout the city . The official death toll was listed at either 119 or 120 individuals . Conditions in the city were such that Major General John E. Wool , commander of the Department of the East , said on July 16 that `` Martial law ought to be proclaimed , but I have not a sufficient force to enforce it . '' The military did not reach the city until after the first day of rioting , by which time the mobs , primarily ethnic Irish , had already ransacked or destroyed numerous public buildings , two Protestant churches , the homes of various abolitionists or sympathizers , many black homes , and the Colored Orphan Asylum at 44th Street and Fifth Avenue , which was burned to the ground . The area 's demographics changed as a result of the riot . Many blacks left Manhattan permanently ( many moving to Brooklyn ) . By 1865 their population fell below 10,000 , the number in 1820 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "078ce46cd39e4d892f1256934ebd272d",
"text": "Bleeding Kansas Bleeding Kansas , Bloody Kansas or the Border War was a series of violent political confrontations in the United States involving anti-slavery `` Free-Staters '' and pro-slavery `` Border Ruffian '' , or `` southern '' elements in Kansas . This military conflict happened between 1854 and 1861 , including `` Bleeding Congress '' . The Kansas -- Nebraska Act of 1854 called for `` popular sovereignty '' -- that is , the decision about slavery was to be made by the settlers ( rather than outsiders ) . It would be decided by votes -- or more exactly which side had more votes counted by officials . At the heart of the conflict was the question of whether Kansas would allow or outlaw slavery , and thus enter the Union as a slave state or a free state . Pro-slavery forces said every settler had the right to bring his own property , including slaves , into the territory . Anti-slavery `` free soil '' forces said the rich slaveholders would buy up all the good farmland and work it with black slaves , leaving little or no opportunity for non-slaveholders . As such , Bleeding Kansas was a conflict between anti-slavery forces in the North and pro-slavery forces from the South over the issue of slavery in the United States . The term `` Bleeding Kansas '' was coined by Republican Horace Greeley , editor of the New York Tribune ; its violence indicated that compromise was unlikely , and thus it presaged the Civil War .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "808e34fb238240e4687cfc7af2432e5b",
"text": "Civil rights movements Civil rights movements are a worldwide series of political movements for equality before the law , that peaked in the 1960s . In many situations they have been characterized by nonviolent protests , or have taken the form of campaigns of civil resistance aimed at achieving change through nonviolent forms of resistance . In some situations , they have been accompanied , or followed , by civil unrest and armed rebellion . The process has been long and tenuous in many countries , and many of these movements did not , or have yet to , fully achieve their goals , although the efforts of these movements have led to improvements in the legal rights of some previously oppressed groups of people , in some places . The main aim of the successful Civil Rights Movement and other social movements for civil rights included ensuring that the rights of all people were and are equally protected by the law . These include but are not limited to the rights of minorities , women 's rights , and LGBT rights .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d70480591f269e0fd19e6b4a4c226c49",
"text": "Birmingham, Alabama Birmingham ( -LSB- ˈbɜrmɪŋhæm -RSB- ) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Alabama and the county seat of Jefferson County . The city 's population was 212,237 in the 2010 United States Census . In the 2010 US Census , the Birmingham-Hoover Metropolitan Statistical Area had a population of about 1,128,047 , which is approximately one-quarter of Alabama 's population . Birmingham was founded in 1871 , during the post-Civil War Reconstruction period , through the merger of three pre-existing farm towns , notably , former Elyton . It was named for Birmingham , England , one of the UK 's major industrial cities . The Alabama city annexed smaller neighbors and developed as an industrial and railroad transportation center , based on mining , the new iron and steel industry , and railroading . Most of the original settlers who founded Birmingham were of English ancestry . The city was developed as a place where cheap , non-unionized , and African-American labor from rural Alabama could be employed in the city 's steel mills and blast furnaces , giving it a competitive advantage over unionized industrial cities in the Midwest and Northeast . From its founding through the end of the 1960s , Birmingham was a primary industrial center of the southern United States . Its growth from 1881 through 1920 earned its nicknames as The Magic City and The Pittsburgh of the South . Its major industries were iron and steel production , plus a major component of the railroading industry . Rails and railroad cars were both manufactured in Birmingham . The two primary hubs of railroading in the Deep South have been nearby Atlanta and Birmingham , since the 1860s . The economy diversified in the latter half of the 20th century . Banking , telecommunications , transportation , electrical power transmission , medical care , college education , and insurance have become major economic activities . Birmingham ranks as one of the largest banking centers in the United States and as one of the most important business centers in the Southeast . In higher education , Birmingham has been the location of the University of Alabama School of Medicine ( formerly the Medical College of Alabama ) and the University of Alabama School of Dentistry since 1947 . Since that time it has also gained the University of Alabama at Birmingham ( founded circa 1969 ) , one of three main campuses of the University of Alabama System . It is also home to three private institutions : Samford University , Birmingham-Southern College , and Miles College . In total , the Birmingham area has major colleges of medicine , dentistry , optometry , physical therapy , pharmacy , law , engineering , and nursing . The city has three of the state 's five law schools : Cumberland School of Law , Birmingham School of Law , and Miles Law School . Birmingham is also the headquarters of the Southwestern Athletic Conference , and Southeastern Conference , one of the major U.S. collegiate athletic conferences .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e16b193776b2057e935a09a849c14d55",
"text": "Peabody Education Fund Founded of necessity due to damage caused largely by the American Civil War , the Peabody Education Fund was established by George Peabody in 1867 for the purpose of promoting `` intellectual , moral , and industrial education in the most destitute portion of the Southern States . '' The gift of foundation consisted of securities to the value of $ 2,100,000 , of which $ 1,100,000 were in Mississippi State bonds , afterward repudiated . In 1869 an additional $ 1,000,000 was given by Mr. Peabody , with $ 384,000 of Florida funds , also repudiated later . The main purpose of the fund was to aid elementary education by strengthening existing schools . Because it was restricted from founding new schools , it did not benefit freedmen in the South , as there were no established schools for blacks . `` The fund introduced a new type of benefaction in that it was left without restriction in the hands of the trustees to administer . Power to close the trust after thirty years was provided on condition that two-thirds of the fund be distributed to educational institutions in the Southern states . '' The rules of the Peabody Education Fund were strict , allowing for the distribution of about $ 80,000 per year over a period of thirty years . By the time of the termination of the fund in 1898 , about $ 2,500,000 had been distributed . In 1875 , the trustees of the Peabody Education Fund founded the Peabody Normal School of the South which promptly became the Peabody Normal College ( 1875-1911 ) . It was maintained in connection with the University of Nashville and supported by annual donations from the Peabody Education Fund . In 1910 the Peabody College for Teachers was organized . Placed adjacent to Vanderbilt University , the college opened its doors on June 14 , 1914 for summer school . In September 1915 , four new buildings had been completed at a cost of $ 750,000 . About 1915 , the Peabody Education Fund ceased to exist . The Southern Education Foundation , a not-for-profit foundation , was created in 1937 from the Peabody Education Fund and three funds intended to support education for blacks : the John F. Slater Fund , the Negro Rural School Fund , and the Virginia Randolph Fund .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ab653457b10fc687dc1925c8ccad3424",
"text": "Copperhead (politics) In the 1860s , the Copperheads comprised a vocal faction of Democrats in the Northern United States of the Union who opposed the American Civil War , wanting an immediate peace settlement with the Confederates . Republicans started calling anti-war Democrats `` Copperheads '' , likening them to the venomous snake . Those Democrats accepted the label , reinterpreting the copper `` head '' as the likeness of Liberty , which they cut from Liberty Head large cent coins and proudly wore as badges . Democratic supporters of the war , by contrast , were called War Democrats . The Copperheads represented the more extreme wing of the `` Northern Democrats '' . Notable Copperheads included two Democratic congressmen from Ohio : Clement L. Vallandigham and Alexander Long . Republican prosecutors accused some prominent Copperheads of treason in a series of trials in 1864 . Copperheadism , a highly contentious , grass-roots movement , had its strongest base in the area just north of the Ohio River , as well as in some urban ethnic wards . Some historians have argued that it represented a traditionalistic element alarmed at the rapid modernization of society sponsored by the Republican Party , and that it looked back to Jacksonian Democracy for inspiration . Weber ( 2006 ) argues that the Copperheads damaged the Union war effort by opposing conscription ( the `` draft '' ) , encouraging desertion , and forming conspiracies , but other historians say that the draft was already in disrepute and that the Republicans greatly exaggerated the conspiracies for partisan reasons . Historians agree that the Copperheads ' goal of restoring the Union with slavery was naive and impractical , for the Confederates refused to consider giving up their independence . The Copperheads became a major target of the Union ( Republican ) party in the 1864 presidential election . Copperhead support increased when Union armies did poorly , and decreased when they won great victories . After the fall of Atlanta in September 1864 , Union military success seemed assured , and Copperheadism collapsed .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "644f8a84256f5d138d80c5601bec0c99",
"text": "Half-Breed (politics) The `` Half-Breeds '' were a political faction of the United States Republican Party in the late 19th century . The Half-Breeds were a moderate-wing group , and were the opponents of the Stalwarts , the other main faction of the Republican Party . The main issue that divided the Stalwarts and the Half-Breeds was political patronage . The Stalwarts were in favor of political machines and spoils system-style patronage , while the Half-Breeds , led by Maine senator James G. Blaine , were in favor of civil service reform and a merit system . The epithet `` Half-Breed '' was invented in derision by the Stalwarts to denote those whom they perceived as being only half Republican . In the 1880 Republican National Convention , the Stalwart candidate , former president Ulysses S. Grant , was pitted against Half-Breed James G. Blaine for the party nomination . Grant 's campaign was led by Stalwart leader Roscoe Conkling of New York , the state with the biggest split between Stalwarts and Half-Breeds . Despite Conkling 's attempts at imposing a unit-rule in the Republican National Convention by which a state 's votes would be grouped together for only one candidate , a number of Stalwarts went against him by vocalizing their support for the Half-Breed Blaine . The Half-Breeds united to defeat the unit-rule in a vote , and elected Half-Breed George Frisbie Hoar to the position as temporary chairman of the convention . Both sides knew there was no chance of victory for either candidate , and the Half-Breeds chose James Garfield as a compromise candidate . Garfield won the party 's nomination on the thirty-sixth ballot , and won the 1880 presidential election . Blaine was chosen as Garfield 's Secretary of State , and carried heavy influence over the political appointments Garfield issued for congressional approval . After Garfield was assassinated by Charles J. Guiteau , a Stalwart , who proclaimed , `` I am a Stalwart of the Stalwarts and Arthur will be President '' , the new Stalwart president Chester A. Arthur surprised those in his own faction by promoting civil service reform and issuing government jobs based on a merit system . The Half-Breeds put through Congress the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act ( authored by Democrat George H. Pendleton ) , and Arthur signed the bill into law on January 16 , 1883 . The act put an end to the spoils system , at least symbolically , placing a significant number of federal employees under the merit system and putting the government on the road to true reform . The act also set up the United States Civil Service Commission , banished political tests , denied jobs to alcoholics and created competitive measures for some federal positions . The Half-Breed and Stalwart factions both dissociated towards the end of the 1880s .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "951bb99d8cb4b94ce5d2e79cf9302175",
"text": "The Clansman: A Historical Romance of the Ku Klux Klan The Clansman : A Historical Romance of the Ku Klux Klan is a novel published in 1905 . It was the second work in the Ku Klux Klan trilogy by Thomas F. Dixon , Jr. that included The Leopard 's Spots and The Traitor . It was influential in providing the ideology that helped support the revival of the Ku Klux Klan ( KKK or The Klan ) . The novel was twice notably adapted , immediately by its author as a play entitled The Clansman ( 1905 ) , and a decade later by D. W. Griffith in the groundbreaking 1915 silent movie The Birth of a Nation . The play , being concerned with the KKK and Reconstruction , is adapted by the second half of The Birth of a Nation . According to Professor Russell Merritt , key differences between the play and film are said to include that Dixon was more sympathetic to Southerners ' pursuing education and modern professions , whereas Griffith stressed ownership of plantations . Dixon wrote The Clansman as a message to Northerners to maintain racial segregation , as the work claimed that blacks when free would turn savage and violent , committing crimes such as murder , rape and robbery far out of proportion to their percentage of the population . He claimed to write for 18,000,000 southerners who supported his beliefs , though that many never joined the Klan . Dixon portrays the speaker of the house , Austin Stoneman , as a negro-loving legislator mad with power and eaten up with hate . His goal is to punish the Southern whites for their revolution against an oppressive government by turning the former slaves against the White Southerners and use the iron fist of the Union occupation troops to make them the new masters . The Klan 's job is to protect the White Southerners from the carpetbaggers and their allies , Black and White . In addition to criticism that The Clansman would stir up sentiment in the South , Dixon 's argument that the Klan had saved the South from negro rule was ridiculed by some as absurd .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5e16c7b38f610ddba2ff286ed9195dd3",
"text": "South Carolina's 6th congressional district The 6th Congressional District of South Carolina is a congressional district in central and eastern South Carolina . It includes all of Allendale , Bamberg , Barnwell , Clarendon , Colleton , Hampton and Williamsburg counties and parts of Beaufort , Berkeley , Calhoun , Charleston , Dorchester , Georgetown , Orangeburg and Richland counties . The district borders were shifted south in the 2012 redistricting . It lost its share of the North Carolina border , and now takes in part of the area near the South Carolina-Georgia border . The district was defined in the early 1990s in a deal between state Republicans ( mostly white ) and Democrats ( mostly black ) in the South Carolina General Assembly to ensure a majority-black population , known as a majority-minority district . The rural counties of the historical black belt in South Carolina make up much of the district , but it sweeps south to include most of the majority-black precincts in and around Charleston , and sweeps west to include most of the majority-black precincts in and around Columbia . In all of its configurations , its politics have been dominated by black voters in the Columbia and Charleston areas . Following the Reconstruction era , the white Democratic-dominated legislature passed Jim Crow laws , as well as a new constitution in 1895 that effectively disfranchised blacks , crippling the Republican Party in the state . For most of the next 60 years , South Carolina was essentially a one-party state dominated by the Democrats , and blacks were nearly excluded from the political system . Demographic and political changes have included the Great Migration ( African American ) of blacks out of the state during the Jim Crow era in the first half of the 20th century . At the same time , many white Democrats felt chagrin at the national party 's greater support of civil rights for blacks from the 1940s onward , and began splitting their tickets in federal elections . After successes of the Civil Rights Movement in gaining passage of federal legislation in the mid-1960s to enforce their constitutional rights and ability to vote , blacks in South Carolina supported national Democratic candidates . This prompted a massive wave of party-switching in which white conservatives began moving into the Republican Party . Since the late 20th century , South Carolina politics have been very racially polarized . Republicans in South Carolina have been mostly white , and most African Americans in the state continue to support the Democrats . In the 21st century , the 6th is considered the only `` safe '' Democratic district in the state . Before 1993 , this district included the northeastern part of the state , from Darlington to Myrtle Beach . It was a classic `` Yellow Dog '' Democratic district ; in this configuration it only elected two Republicans , both for a single term . In 2012 , the new 7th congressional district was created ; it includes much of the territory that was in the 6th for most of the 20th century . Jim Clyburn , a Democrat and the current Assistant House Minority Leader , has represented this district since first being elected in 1992 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c5a64832fbcf0c76254e7bfd401e9372",
"text": "Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War This timeline of events leading up to the American Civil War describes and links to narrative articles and references about many of the events and issues which historians recognize as origins and causes of the Civil War . The pre-Civil War events can be roughly divided into a period encompassing the long term build-up over many decades and a period encompassing the five-month build to war immediately after the election of Abraham Lincoln as President in the Election of 1860 which culminated in the Fall of Fort Sumter ( April 1861 ) . Since the early colonial period in Virginia , slavery had been a part of the socioeconomic system of British North America and was recognized in the Thirteen Colonies at the time of the United States ' Declaration of Independence ( 1776 ) . Since then , events and statements by politicians and others brought forth differences , tensions and divisions between the people of the slave states of the Southern United States and the people of the free states of the Northern United States ( including Western states ) over the topics of slavery . The large underlying issue from which other issues developed was whether slavery should be retained and even expanded to other areas or whether it should be contained and eventually abolished . Over many decades , these issues and divisions became increasingly irreconcilable and contentious . Events in the 1850s culminated with the election of the anti-slavery-expansion Republican Abraham Lincoln as President on November 6 , 1860 . This provoked the first round of state secessions as leaders of the Deep South cotton states were unwilling to remain in a second class political status with their way of life threatened by the President himself . Initially , the seven Deep South states seceded , with economies based on cotton ( then in heavy European demand with rising prices ) . They were Alabama , Florida , Georgia , Louisiana , Mississippi , South Carolina and Texas . After the Confederates attacked and captured Fort Sumter , President Lincoln called for volunteers to march south and suppress the rebellion . This pushed the four other Upper South States ( Virginia , North Carolina , Tennessee , and Arkansas ) also to secede . These states completed the formation of the Confederate States of America . Their addition to the Confederacy insured a war would be prolonged and bloody because they contributed territory and soldiers .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
7d70874e8d62ae95a5530825e9dade08
|
Oh Yeon-seo is a former member of a band and she is musical.
|
[
{
"docid": "805a92a96aa6352a3c8b19b525f495c1",
"text": "Oh Yeon-seo Oh Yeon-seo ( born Oh Haet-nim , on June 22 , 1987 ) , is a South Korean actress and former member of South Korean girl group , LUV . She is best known for her roles in television dramas My Husband Got a Family ( 2012 ) , Jang Bo-ri is Here ! ( 2014 ) , Shine or Go Crazy ( 2015 ) and Please Come Back , Mister ( 2016 ) .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "a3b2dde41f0e7eb4d9266728c189e4c1",
"text": "Miyabi Natsuyaki is a Japanese singer . Her career began in 2002 when she passed the audition for Hello ! Project Kids , an all-female adolescent pop group under Hello ! Project . She continued to sing in that group and became a part of four smaller groups composed of Hello ! Project Kids members -- Aa ! , Sexy Otonajan , Buono ! and Berryz Kobo . She was the sub-captain of Berryz Kobo until their indefinite hiatus in 2015 . She is now a member of female pop band PINK CRES. , short for Pink Crescendo .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b0b029c665d9d434a8405e34414bd6b3",
"text": "Music on Top Music On Top ( Korean : 뮤직온탑 ) was a South Korean music television program broadcast by JTBC . It airs live every Wednesday at 6:20 PM KST . It is currently hosted by Yoon Doo-joon of B2ST and actor Lee Hyun-woo . The show was put on hiatus after the March 14 , 2012 episode , but it reported to be coming back in at some indefinite date in the future ; this was a factor of having consistent low ratings ( similar to the demise of shows of like format such as Channel A ( Korea ) 's `` K-Pop Con '' and Maeil Broadcasting Network 's `` Show ! K Music '' . )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5189d9070ca92809665c05ecea905701",
"text": "Koo Jun-hoe Koo Jun-hoe ( Hangul : 구준회 , born March 31 , 1997 ) is a South Korean singer . He is a member of the South Korean boy group iKON , signed under YG Entertainment . He appeared on the 2013 Mnet reality survival programme WIN : Who Is Next as part of `` Team B '' , competing against other YG Entertainment trainees for the chance to debut as a group . He went on to appear in the 2014 follow-up programme Mix & Match , which determined the lineup of iKON , along with bandmates B.I , Bobby , Jinhwan , Donghyuk , Yunhyeong and Chanwoo .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b7b404b8fbfe37ddab9ec892166a0870",
"text": "Sexy, Free & Single Sexy , Free & Single ( reissue name Spy ) is the sixth Korean studio album of South Korean boy band Super Junior . It was released on July 4 , 2012 , by SM Entertainment , distributed by KMP Holdings and available from online music portal sites at midnight on July 1 , 2012 . It is their first album in 11 months following Mr. Simple released in August 2011 . This was followed by the release of Version B on July 16 , with a different cover which features the 10 members in their teaser photo makeup . A repackaged edition , re-titled Spy was released on August 6 , with four new tracks including follow-up single `` Spy '' . This album marks the return of member Kangin , who was discharged from his mandatory military service in April 2012 , and the first time with Super Junior in three years since October 2009 ; but the first one without Heechul , who enlisted in September 2011 , and the last with leader Leeteuk and Yesung before their military service , enlisting on 30 October 2012 and on 6 May 2013 , respectively . This is the third album that features ten of the 13 members from the group , following Bonamana in 2010 and their fifth album Mr. Simple . The album won the `` Album of the Year '' in the 14th Mnet Asian Music Awards and `` Disk Daesang '' in 27th Golden Disk Awards . According to Gaon Album Chart , as of the end of December 2012 , the album has sold a cumulative total of 510,000 + copies domestically .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "28dac6a07a04595ad84df9f558a046d2",
"text": "One Ok Rock One Ok Rock , stylized as ONE OK ROCK ( pronounced in Japanese as `` one o'clock '' ) is a Japanese rock band formed in Tokyo , Japan in 2005 . The band currently consists of Takahiro Moriuchi ( vocals ) , Toru Yamashita ( guitar/leader ) , Ryota Kohama ( bass ) , and Tomoya Kanki ( drums ) . The band 's name , ONE OK ROCK , comes from `` one o'clock '' , the time that the band used to practice on weekends . They chose to play at one o'clock in the morning because it was cheaper to use the rehearsal space during such hours . However , noticing that the Japanese language made no distinction between R 's and L 's , they changed `` O'CLOCK '' to `` O'CROCK '' ( or `` O'KROCK '' ) , which was then separated to become `` OK ROCK '' . In addition , ONE OK ROCK 's name can be expressed as `` 10969 '' ( one-o-ku-ro ( ku ) - ku ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7225adcda51a4b24b6c880c825638a34",
"text": "Takarazuka Revue The is a Japanese all-female musical theater troupe based in Takarazuka , Hyōgo Prefecture , Japan . Women play all roles in lavish , Broadway-style productions of Western-style musicals , and sometimes stories adapted from shōjo manga and Japanese folktales . The company is a division of the Hankyu Railway company ; all members of the troupe are employed by the company .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "59fb0073fb5d980c5db05b8b04820c53",
"text": "Samuel Seo Seo Dong-hyeon ( ; born May 3 , 1991 ) , better known by his stage name Samuel Seo , is a South Korean singer-songwriter , rapper , and record producer . Born in Seoul , he spent his youth living in his home country , as well as Japan , the United States , and Canada . An aspiring pianist , Seo 's exposure to hip hop music in his teens led him to pursue the genre . He released a series of singles before enlisting and serving two years in military service . Seo released his first studio album Frameworks ( 2015 ) , which earned him the award for Best R&B & Soul Album at the Korean Music Awards in 2016 . He released his second album Ego Expand ( 100 % ) in May of that year , which earned him nominations for Best R&B & Soul Album , as well as Best R&B & Soul Song for its lead single `` B L U E '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b112204c170e75837c6c0c882ecd36af",
"text": "Shh (After School song) `` Shh '' is the sixth Japanese single from South Korean girl group After School . The single was released on January 29 , 2014 . The track is produced by Shinichi Osawa , who previously produced their fifth Japanese single `` Heaven '' . It was the last Japanese single with Lee Jooyeon before she graduated in December 2014 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "57705247ce9f2f9491aaafb1a786cb82",
"text": "Park Bom Park Bom ( born March 24 , 1984 ) , better known by the mononym Bom , is a South Korean singer . She is best known as a member of the South Korean girl group 2NE1 . The group announced their disbandment on November 25 , 2016 . Park Bom began her musical career in 2006 , featuring on singles released by label-mates Big Bang , Lexy and Masta Wu . In 2009 , she made her debut as a member of 2NE1 as the main vocalist . She has also released two solo singles , `` You and I '' and `` Do n't Cry '' . Both singles reached number one on the Gaon Digital Chart , the national music chart of South Korea . `` You and I '' was also awarded `` Best Digital Single '' at the 2010 Mnet Asian Music Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f1a191ae52ff64021d3ad2ed8d1065ad",
"text": "Chirinuruwowaka , or just or , is a Japanese rock band formed in 2005 by Yumi Nakashima ( GO!GO ! 7188 's Yuu ) . The band name comes from one sentence of the classical Japanese alphabet `` Iroha '' , prounced Chi-ri-nu-ru-wo-wa-ka .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d44e1aa3eee906d0c7f036d8a45a1b69",
"text": "Two Yoo Project Sugar Man Two Yoo Project - Sugar Man is a 2015 South Korean television program starring Yoo Jae-suk , You Hee-yeol , Kim Eana and Sandara Park . The original 2-episode pilot aired at 22:50 ( KST ) on Wednesday ( August 19 & 26 , 2015 ) under the name Two Yoo Project Searching For Sugar Man . The regular broadcast kicked off beginning October 20 , 2015 , every Tuesday at 22:50 ( KST ) . The idea for the program began with the documentary Searching For Sugar Man , which refers to the 2012 Swedish-British documentary about American musician Sixto Rodriguez , who faded into obscurity in the United States but somehow ended up as a megastar in South Africa . The program revolves around the battle of two teams led by Yoo Jae-suk and Yoo Hee-yeol . Each team will brings back a `` Sugar Man '' : the singer who was a one-hit wonder , but has since disappeared from the public eye . The two teams recreate the old song , `` Sugar Song '' , into new versions which will make them appealing to today 's music market . To relive their glory , the songs will be recreated by each producer from each team with today 's artist , `` Show Man '' , who are slated to change every episode .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "27223573e395f20966e8b9c84660eb54",
"text": "Yeon Min-ji Lee Min-ji ( born May 14 , 1984 ) , better known as stage name Yeon Min-ji , is a South Korean actress and singer . She is also active in Japanese entertainment under the mononym .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "77e60d4a3a822bb44e6fd5d634343142",
"text": "Korean Wave The Korean Wave ( , , a neologism literally meaning `` flow of Korea '' ) is the increase in global popularity of South Korean culture since the 1990s . First driven by the spread of K-dramas and K-pop across East , South and Southeast Asia during its initial stages , the Korean Wave evolved from a regional development into a global phenomenon , carried by the Internet and social media and the proliferation of K-pop music videos on YouTube . Since the turn of the 21st century , South Korea has emerged as a major exporter of popular culture and tourism , aspects which have become a significant part of its burgeoning economy . The growing popularity of Korean pop culture in many parts of the world has prompted the South Korean government to support its creative industries through subsidies and funding for start-ups , as a form of soft power and in its aim of becoming one of the world 's leading exporters of culture along with Japanese and British culture , a niche that the United States has dominated for nearly a century . During this time the Korean society began to be recognized as a developed country similar to that of the Western world . Part of the success of the Korean Wave owes in part to the development of social networking services and online video sharing platforms such as YouTube , which have allowed the Korean entertainment industry to reach a sizable overseas audience . Use of these media in facilitating promotion , distribution and consumption of various forms of Korean entertainment ( and K-pop in particular ) has contributed to their surge in worldwide popularity since the mid-2000s .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "599cad51bfb1e51bb589f4a59ed7cc06",
"text": "Vibe (band) Vibe is a South Korean R&B group . They released their first album in 2002 as a trio of two male singers ( Yoon Min-soo and Ryu Jae-hyun ) and a rapper ( Yoo Sung Gyu ) . Their first single '' 미워도 다시 한번 ( Although it is hateful , again ) '' was a success and a huge hit for the group making them very popular . Their second single `` Promise U '' was also very successful . Their 2nd album came out in November 2003 and their first single '' 오래 오래 ( Long Long Time ) '' was a huge hit as was their second single '' 사진을 보다가 ( While Looking at the Picture ) '' . This cemented their status as a popular group and consistent hit makers . During the hiatus between their 2nd and 3rd albums , the rapper left the group citing that he wanted to pursue his own style of music , taking on the name Noblesse . Vibe went on to release their 3rd album in 2006 which became a success with their two hits '' 그 남자 , 그 여자 ( That Man , That Woman ) '' and '' 술이야 ( Drinking ) '' . Vibe release their 4th album and their title song was '' 다시 와주라 '' ( Comeback Again ) . In 2011 , Yoon Min-soo joins the cast of MBC I Am a Singer , and debut singing '' 그 남자 , 그 여자 ( That Man , That Woman ) '' and '' 술이야 ( Drinking ) '' , he obtains the 2nd place behind Insooni .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5aa744d1f6e4f15e6ac0189e9dbe8295",
"text": "Hyomin Park Sun-young ( born May 30 , 1989 ) , better known by her stage name Hyomin , is a South Korean singer , songwriter and actress . She is a member of South Korean girl group T-ara .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad48892119e5503f7136427361471ce0",
"text": "T.O.P discography Choi Seung-hyun ( ; born November 4 , 1987 ) , better known by his stage name T.O.P , is a South Korean rapper , songwriter and actor . He is a member of the South Korean K-Pop group Big Bang . He made his solo debut in 2010 with the release of the digital single `` Turn It Up . '' Later that year , T.O.P and bandmate G-Dragon formed a subunit to release the album GD & TOP ( 2010 ) . His second single , `` Doom Dada '' was released in 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "251d641eb45b8e57f7def68df2ec965c",
"text": "WoongSan WoongSan ( born Kim Eun Young ) is an award-winning South Korean musician , actress and TV show host . She has been a leading figure in the jazz music scene in Korea and Japan for over a decade , having performed live over 500 times since her 1998 Japanese debut . She is the first Korean-born musician to perform at New York City 's historic Blue Note Jazz Club and has collaborated with many other well-known jazz musicians including Benny Green , Lonnie Plaxico , Rodney Green , Conrad Herwig and Suzuki Hisatsugu . She is also well known for training Ali ( South Korean singer ) , a popular K-pop singer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8e12c73475c38763918574caf2ffce2c",
"text": "Sketch Show (band) Sketch Show is a Japanese duo formed in 2002 by two of the three former members of Yellow Magic Orchestra , Haruomi Hosono and Yukihiro Takahashi . In some live shows , Ryuichi Sakamoto has joined in band performances . `` Similar to Yellow Magic Orchestra , Sketch Show 's sound relies heavily on cutting-edge technology ( synthesizers the first time , computers this time ) , but what sets the duo apart from thousands of other knob-twiddlers is the sense of songcraft and pop sensibility that they have consistently displayed over their careers . Both men sing and play traditional instruments -LSB- ... -RSB- . While not genre-specific , Sketch Show 's music is loosely categorized as electronica . The band released its debut album , Audio Sponge , in 2002 , shortly after a well-received appearance at Takkyu Ishino 's massive rave event , WIRE02 . In addition to Hosono and Takahashi , the record featured collaborations with former YMO member Ryuichi Sakamoto and Towa Tei . Shows following the release of the record were instant sellouts . -LSB- ... -RSB- In February 2003 , the band released the mini-album Tronika , which featured remixes by Cornelius . Early that summer , they played a show-stealing slot at SONAR 2003 in Barcelona , and CYBERSONICA 03 in London . These shows were the first European appearances for Hosono and Takahashi in two decades . September 2003 saw the release of a live DVD , Wild Sketch Show Live 2002 , featuring footage culled from a string of December 2002 performances at the legendary Shibuya-AX , and including a medley of YMO classics along with their new material . Toward the end of 2003 , the band released their second album , LOOPHOLE . The album again featured collaborations with Sakamoto , and remixes by Cornelius and Safety Scissors . '' In 2004 , Sketch Show performed live shows with Sakamoto under the name `` Human Audio Sponge '' , or `` HAS '' . Since 2005 , Sketch Show has wound down , and in 2007 , Hosono , Sakamoto and Takahshi released the single `` Rescue / Rydeen 79/07 '' under the name `` HASYMO '' , which was made in the style of Sketch Show 's music , with heavier incorporation of live instruments . Since 2008 , the combination of Hosono , Sakamoto and Takahashi has performed together as `` Yellow Magic Orchestra '' , continuing with what was developed as Sketch Show/Human Audio Sponge/HASYMO .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b07fa45fcbe7b668f342158da9b9946c",
"text": "Kayla J. Yoo Kayla J. Yoo is a songwriter , singer , music producer , multimedia designer and music columnist from South Korea who has developed Joombas Music Group as Chief Content Officer with Justine Ok , Yena Seo , and Hyuk Shin in 2011 . In 2013 , she was involved as a songwriter on `` Romantic St ' of Girls ' Generation 's 4th album , I Got A Boy , which hit Billboard # 1 World album chart in January 2013 . Deeply involved with Fiera Music in 2012 as a director , she works on various music projects as a singer , lyricist , A&R , and multimedia designer/producer in New York City . As a multimedia designer and producer , she has either directed , produced , interviewed , or written many interviews for artists Marques Houston , Elijah Blake , RAS , Mat Musto , Torae , and Oddisee . With Joombas Music Group , she directed contents on Joombas TV ( the online media channel of Joombas Music Group ) , including industry news , interviews , online reality show and documentary . She also has worked as a video editor for the music video of the song ` Heal ' by Natascha Bessez . The music video was featured by the actor Hunter Johansson , twin brother of Scarlett Johansson , and it was released in February 2013 . As a music columnist , she works with Korean Hiphop/R & B online magazine HiphopLE . She writes the series of ` R&B Talk ' , ` Feature ' , and ` Stars in Love ' , which also published offline , by the Korean fashion magazine ` FAST ' in 2013 . In July 2013 , she became a panel of the official podcast radio of HiphopLE , `` The Art Of Hip-Hop '' and `` Hot Issue '' . She 's also known as the voice of HiphopLE 's intro clip , speaking the slogan ` One Step Closer to Hip-hop and R&B Music ' . In February 2014 , HiphopLE held a contest to find the new instrumental for the intro clip with using Kayla , Jolly V and NateDogg 's voices . On January 28 , 2014 , Kayla made her music video directing debut in the single album , `` Champion '' by Born I Music and Justine . The single was released digitally and distributed worldwide by Fiera Music/Sony Music Entertainment Korea and the music video was certified by VEVO . Kayla got also involved as a director of the project and the background singer . Subsequently , `` Champion '' was also featured in a Sony Music compilation album for the Sochi 2014 Olympics released on February 7 , 2014 . Also listed on the album were artists such as Pharrell Williams , Daft Punk , Justin Timberlake , Lenka , Avril Lavigne , Shakira , Pitbull , One Direction , Dami Im , Britney Spears , Chris Brown , Miley Cyrus , Foster The People , Paloma Faith , Helena , Tinashe , Krewella , Little Mix , Beyoncé , Russian Red , Justice Crew , Ailee , and Lucas Nord .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "597c8fc9a4352b7c33747e0a33321e94",
"text": "Clazziquai Clazziquai Project ( Hangul : 클래지콰이 ) , also known as Clazziquai , is a South Korean experimental band that combines several genres including electronic music , acid jazz and house . The group 's first short unofficial albums were released online in 2001 , spreading its music through words of `` netizens , '' who positively received the group 's music . They remained underground until the release of their first album Instant Pig in 2004 , selling over 80,000 copies . Since then , their music has been used in shows , commercials , and films . Clazziquai is known for their songs , `` Be My Love '' and `` She Is '' , which were featured on the Korean drama My Lovely Samsoon , with the former becoming the show 's theme song . The group won an award at the MNET KM Music Video Festival for `` Best Soundtrack '' , and has also been the most nominated group at the Korean Popular Music Awards II ( 2회 ) , winning `` Artist of the Year '' and `` Best Pop '' . They have contributed to works by Japanese artists Fantastic Plastic Machine and M-Flo .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
bd6d3ec53cc6f21cbc9cd6a6cf2302be
|
Snooki is a professional wrestler.
|
[
{
"docid": "20c7cbfe9c931cd961d22b00881ce7ba",
"text": "Snooki Nicole Elizabeth `` Snooki '' LaValle ( née Polizzi ; born November 23 , 1987 ) is an American reality television personality , author , dancer and professional wrestler who is best known for being a cast member of the MTV reality show Jersey Shore and starring in Snooki & Jwoww . Since the show 's debut in 2009 , Polizzi has gained popularity by appearing on talk shows including The View , The Ellen DeGeneres Show , Jimmy Kimmel Live ! , Late Show with David Letterman , and The Wendy Williams Show . She earned $ 150,000 per Jersey Shore episode for the last two seasons . She also appeared as the guest hostess for WWE Raw in 2011 and competed at WrestleMania XXVII that same year .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "e44264960f93b3795ed0517456ca2e44",
"text": "Damien Kane Damien Kane ( born April 16 , 1960 ) is an American retired professional wrestler and manager . He is best known for his appearances with the Philadelphia , Pennsylvania-based promotion Extreme Championship Wrestling in the mid-1990s .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6395098fcc7232fa2013dbbfe1ee7675",
"text": "Steve Stanlee Steve Zygowicz ( February 29 , 1920 -- July 2 , 2010 ) , better known by his ring name of Steve Stanlee , was an American professional wrestler from the late 1940s through the 1960s . He was the younger brother of professional wrestler Gene Stanlee .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "18b7172e1ffdb3e8e8aedd2ae3dc1c88",
"text": "Annie Social Nancy Becker ( born January 28 , 1982 ) is an American professional wrestler best known by her ring name Annie Social , who regularly performs for Shimmer Women Athletes and Women Superstars Uncensored ( WSU ) . She currently manages Melanie Cruise in Shimmer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3d869eb56c68b69e6ebea0ba8ae49ffe",
"text": "Enoki Films is a producer of anime based in the Enoki Building in Shinjuku , Tokyo . Enoki Films also had a North American division , established in 1986 , headquartered in the Encino area of Los Angeles , California , United States called Enoki Films USA , Inc. . Enoki Films USA acted as a middle-man between Japanese companies and American licensees such as 4Kids Entertainment and Saban . In May 2007 it was announced that their content would also be provided as video on demand by Internet startup ReelTime.com ( worldwide except Japan ) . As of 2002 Enoki licenses anime but sub-licenses its licenses to various distributors instead of distributing them directly . Anime News Network wrote that `` They generally only license TV shows that they hope to also license to TV broadcasters such as Cartoon Network , ABC Family and Fox Kids . '' Some of the anime productions that were listed on Enoki 's website are under alternate names and may list characters under different names as well . In many cases , when sub-licensed to anime home video companies , the original titles and character names have been restored . Enoki 's translations of episode titles and scenarios may also be different than what may be on the official release . If Enoki 's series ' had a separate movie or direct-to-video production , it is usually not licensed by Enoki , and the film or direct-to-video production may be licensed to a separate company than the series ( as is the case with the Slayers movies and OVAs and the Utena movie ) . As of 2016 , Enoki Films ' North American division is now defunct , since it bought its operations to an end in 2010 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "47ea0d7171a7622f4f0864efc17b76ec",
"text": "USA Wrestling USA Wrestling ( formerly known as the United States Wrestling Federation and as the United States Wrestling Association ) is the organization that currently governs freestyle wrestling and Greco-Roman wrestling in the United States . USA Wrestling is also the official representative to the United States Olympic Committee ( USOC ) and to United World Wrestling ( UWW ) and is considered the national governing body of the sport at the amateur level . Their mission statement is , `` USA Wrestling , guided by the Olympic Spirit , provides quality opportunities for its members to achieve their full human and athletic potential . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ef2c83f8d664fcd18d650fc81ec77cdf",
"text": "Taka Michinoku ( born October 26 , 1973 ) , better known by his ring name Taka Michinoku ( with his first name usually stylized in all capital letters ) , is a Japanese professional wrestler and former mixed martial artist . Michinoku is known in North America for his work for the World Wrestling Federation ( WWF ) where he had the first ever WWF Light Heavyweight Championship reign recognized by the North-American promotion . Michinoku is the founder and promoter of Kaientai Dojo , where he also wrestles . He is also a regular for New Japan Pro Wrestling . Having held championship titles in Japan , North America , Mexico and Europe , Yoshida is known for his long title reigns . He held the FMW Independent World Junior Heavyweight Title for a combined duration of more than 15 months , the WWF Light Heavyweight Title for a then record-setting 10 months and the WEW Six-Man Tag Team Title for almost a year . Yoshida has held the World Junior Heavyweight Championship , Michinoku Pro Tohoku Junior Heavyweight Championship and Kaientai Dojo Strongest-K Championship simultaneously for almost 10 months . During his reign , he has defended his titles against both AJPW and independent circuit talent to increase his base of opponents , and thus has increased the reach of the World Junior Heavyweight Championship , which was closed off to outside competition in the late 1980s and throughout the 1990s .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "29bcfbe2432efd74dc88bbbde3c59578",
"text": "Samoa Joe Nuufolau Joel `` Joe '' Seanoa ( born March 17 , 1979 ) , better known by his ring name Samoa Joe , is an American professional wrestler currently signed to WWE and performing on the Raw brand . He was previously best known for his time with Total Nonstop Action Wrestling ( TNA ) and Ring of Honor ( ROH ) . Joe established himself in ROH from the promotion 's beginning in 2002 , holding the ROH World Championship for a record 21 months from May 2003 to December 2004 . Upon joining TNA in June 2005 , he embarked on an 19-month-long undefeated streak , and went on to hold the TNA World Heavyweight Championship once , the TNA X Division Championship five times , the TNA World Tag Team Championship twice , and the TNA Television Championship once ; completing the TNA Triple Crown and the TNA Grand Slam . He also wrestled internationally and on the independent circuit for various promotions , winning several titles , including the GHC Tag Team Championship with Magnus in Pro Wrestling Noah , and he was an inaugural NWA Intercontinental Tag Team Champion with Keiji Sakoda in Pro Wrestling Zero1 . He left TNA in February 2015 , briefly competing again in ROH and the independent circuit . Joe officially debuted in WWE 's developmental territory NXT in May 2015 , and signed a full-time contract with the company in June ; he went on to become the first ever two-time NXT Champion .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a49f203b3c260083cb5d00f3dcb1b11a",
"text": "Masato Tanaka is a Japanese professional wrestler , best known for his appearances with Frontier Martial Arts Wrestling in Japan and in Extreme Championship Wrestling in the United States where he was a one-time ECW World Heavyweight Champion . He is currently splitting his time working for Pro Wrestling Noah and Pro Wrestling Zero1 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2aaef9ad9b8d65733f8f29a2983f0403",
"text": "Face (professional wrestling) In professional wrestling , a face ( babyface ) is a heroic or a `` good guy '' wrestler , booked ( scripted ) by the promotion with the aim of being cheered by fans . Faces , traditionally , wrestle within the rules and avoid cheating ( in contrast to the heels who use illegal moves and call in additional wrestlers to do their work for them ) while behaving positively towards the referee and the audience . Such characters are also referred to as blue-eyes in British wrestling , and técnicos in lucha libre . The face character is portrayed as a hero relative to the heel wrestlers , who are analogous to villains . Not everything a face wrestler does must be heroic : faces need only to be cheered by the audience to be effective characters . The vast majority of wrestling storylines involving faces place a face against a heel , although more elaborate set-ups ( such as two faces being manipulated by a nefarious outside party into fighting ) often happen as well . In the world of lucha libre wrestling , they 're generally known for using moves requiring technical skill , particularly aerial maneuvers , and wearing outfits using bright colors with positive associations ( such as solid white ) . This is contrasted with the villainous rudos that are generally known for being brawlers , using physical moves that emphasize brute strength and/or size while often having outfits akin to demons or other nasty characters .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7b59f0521e8ad4b0419d30b0ec863ded",
"text": "Tony Borne Anthony Wayne `` Tony '' Osborne ( July 13 , 1926 -- August 27 , 2010 ) was an American professional wrestler , better known by his ring name , `` Tough '' Tony Borne .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cad6d2cee4420ae50056adf1a7cac007",
"text": "All Star Wrestling All Star Wrestling is a British Professional wrestling promotion also known as All Star Promotions , Superslam Wrestling and Big Time Wrestling and originally known as Wrestling Enterprises ( of Birkenhead ) , run by Brian Dixon and based in Liverpool , England . Dixon 's promotion tours theatres , leisure centres , town halls and similar venues , many of them old venues for televised wrestling in the UK in the 1950-1980s , as well as holiday camps . It is the oldest active wrestling promotion in the UK , and furthermore the longest-running UK wrestling promotion ever - a record it has held since September 2013 , when it eclipsed the 42 years and 11 months lifespan of Joint Promotions/Ring Wrestling Stars ( March 1952 -- February 1995 ) . All Star contributed to the final two years of ITV 's regular televised wrestling programme in the UK in 1987-1988 and some of their matches were included on VHS and DVD compilations and repeated as part of the World of Sport programming on The Fight Network , formerly The Wrestling Channel , until it stopped transmission in 2008 . These matches are currently being repeated on the Men & Movies channel .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "673cbbb165cbd443e3ac6fa1018f6150",
"text": "Moonsault A moonsault , moonsault press , or back flip splash is a professional wrestling aerial technique . It was innovated by Mando Guerrero . Much of its popularity in both Japanese and American wrestling is attributed to The Great Muta , despite it being used in North America by `` Leaping '' Lanny Poffo years before Muta came from Japan . In a standard moonsault , which is generally attempted from the top rope , a wrestler faces away from the supine opponent and executes a backflip landing on the opponent in a splash/press position but facing towards the elevated position . Though this move is generally attempted from the top rope to an opponent lying face up in the mat , myriad variations exist , including moonsaults that see the wrestler land on a standing opponent and forcing them down to the mat . The move is considered a higher-impact version of a splash , since the wrestler utilizes rotational speed . A less common variation sees the wrestler perform a moonsault on a standing opponent , with the torso of the wrestler striking the torso of the opponent ( albeit upside down ) , forcing the opponent backwards and to the ground with the opponent on top of them , usually placing the opponent in a pinning predicament . Most of the variations listed below can also be performed on standing opponents .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fcbf3f63e62fbe926285ec3194e81df0",
"text": "Rusev (wrestler) Miroslav Barnyashev ( Мирослав Барняшев born December 25 , 1984 ) is a Bulgarian professional wrestler and former powerlifter and rower . He is currently signed to the American professional wrestling promotion WWE , where he performs under the ring name Rusev on the Smackdown brand . A two-time former WWE United States Champion , Barnyashev is the first Bulgarian to have wrestled for WWE .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3f19cb47dd2bd754f37b2deefd059e63",
"text": "Wrestle Kingdom (video game) is a licensed professional wrestling video game by Yuke 's , released in Japan for the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 2 . The game combines the top stars of New Japan Pro Wrestling , All Japan Pro Wrestling , Pro Wrestling Noah , and freelancers . The Xbox 360 version of the game was temporarily recalled in Japan due to it not saving properly to the system 's hard drive . A release event planned for the following two days after its release was cancelled .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6c67576118df9bb1370e0ea97b125da7",
"text": "Ring of Honor Ring of Honor ( ROH ) is an American professional wrestling promotion , founded in 2002 by RF Video owner Rob Feinstein . From 2004 to 2011 , the promotion was under the ownership of Cary Silkin before being sold to the Sinclair Broadcast Group ( SBG ) , an American telecommunications company that operates the largest number of local television stations in the United States . ROH holds TV tapings , pay-per-view events , live events , and Internet pay-per-view events throughout the United States and Canada . It has also held shows in the United Kingdom and Japan . Annual shows include the Anniversary Show , Supercard of Honor ( held annually during WrestleMania weekend ) , Best in the World , Global Wars , Death Before Dishonor , Glory By Honor , and Final Battle ( the last show of the calendar year and ROH 's marquee event ) . ROH records all of its shows and sells them on DVD through mail order via its online store , and the DVDs have developed a fanbase for the promotion in the United States and beyond . In 2009 , ROH signed a television deal with HDNet , which aired shows every week until 2011 . As of September 2011 , ROH 's flagship broadcast Ring of Honor Wrestling has been syndicated by parent company Sinclair Broadcasting , and airs on Sinclair owned stations across the country . ROH is also broadcast on Samurai TV in Japan , and is the third-largest professional wrestling promotion in the United States , behind WWE and after Impact Wrestling . On June 22 , 2014 , ROH had its first live pay-per-view broadcast , Best in the World , from Nashville , Tennessee . It was followed-up on December 7 with their biggest show of the year Final Battle , from Terminal 5 in New York City . Their next pay-per-view aired March 1 , 2015 , which was their 13th Anniversary Show , from Las Vegas , Nevada .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4fc04ebc4630c0cdd13f9ca4931ecae9",
"text": "Masato Yoshino is a Japanese professional wrestler , currently working for the Dragon Gate wrestling promotion .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5df30c0dff31bd110254ecd5f71458d2",
"text": "Miyawaki (wrestler) Miyawaki ( stylized in all capital letters , born June 28 , 1977 ) is a Japanese professional wrestler , best known for his work in the Kaientai Dojo and Osaka Pro Wrestling promotions . He has also wrestled in the United States for Chikara and Pro Wrestling Guerrilla ( PWG ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5ced89d54bb84dd0ad73cf75f70c7239",
"text": "Pro Wrestling International The Pro Wrestling International ( PWI ) is a professional wrestling governing body in the United States .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "60a5988524460be7f653b0a0cd312297",
"text": "J.H. McLaughlin James Hiram McLaughlin ( June 8 , 1844 -- September 11 , 1905 ) ( also known as Colonel J.H. McLaughlin or simply J.H. McLaughlin ) was a wrestling champion in the United States in the 19th century . He is generally considered the first American professional wrestling champion , and along with William Muldoon , was one of the two key people to establish and popularize professional wrestling in the United States . The 6-foot-1 McLaughlin weighed between 215 and 265 pounds , depending on whether he 'd kept himself in fighting shape . He was born in Oriskany , New York . McLaughlin was known for his superior Irish-style `` collar-and-elbow '' standing skills , in which throwing an opponent was the aim . However , he also excelled at the rougher , undisciplined catch-as-catch-can style which was then prominent , and three opponents are known to have died as a result of wrestling McLaughlin . Newspaper accounts of the time are sometimes exaggerated , and even in the late 19th century , numerous fans and reporters already regarded the burgeoning sport 's credibility with skepticism . However , contemporary reports of McLaughlin 's earnings , including the side bets that were commonly several multiples of his official pay , indicate that he was phenomenally well-compensated . Adjusting for inflation , it is possible that he was the highest-paid wrestler in history . McLaughlin 's wrestling career began in earnest with a few matches just before the U.S. Civil War . His first was in 1859 against the irascible Hiram McKee . Though half McKee 's age , McLaughlin may have outweighed his opponent , who he successfully pinned . When McKee angrily demanded a rematch , McLaughlin lost his temper and threw McKee to the ground , fracturing McKee 's leg . McKee fought for the Union Army during the war , while continuing to pursue wrestling , which was a popular pastime among the troops . After defeating Louis Ainsworth in 1866 or 1867 , McLaughlin declared himself to be the collar-and-elbow champion of America . Even after losing a bout to Homer Lane in 1868 , the public still regarded McLaughlin 's claim to the title . In March 1870 , a tournament was held , and is believed to have been wholly legitimate . McLaughlin emerged as the winner , and was awarded a belt with a gold buckle , which he would later put at stake in matches . In the tournament final , McLaughlin was safely ahead in a match against Barney Smith , but the referee declined to end the match . McLaughlin ended the match by either slamming Smith on his head or off the stage ( accounts differ ) , delivering an impact which led to Smith 's mental incapacitation and eventual death from cranial trauma . The remorseful McLaughlin gave his tournament winnings to Smith 's widow , saying `` I forgot I was so wicked strong . '' McLaughlin successfully defended his golden belt for the next year , before announcing his retirement in mid-1871 . Despite remaining inactive for nearly four years , he was generally considered the reigning champion . His next match came in February 1875 , with a decisive win over Mike Whalen in which he collected $ 2,500 for the match itself , and another $ 15,000 by betting on himself , more than half a million dollars in today 's money . McLaughlin did not fight again for a year , winning a January 1876 rematch against Joe Benjamin , who he 'd beaten five years earlier . He fought several times that year , including two draws and a win against James H. Martin . But the year took its toll on McLaughlin 's opponents . Dutch Hogan died after wrestling McLaughlin , and Charles Meier was paralyzed . It was at this point that McLaughlin publicly declared his intention to restrict his future fights to collar-and-elbow rules , rather than the anything-goes style that led to those in-ring tragedies . In December 1876 , McLaughlin injured his heel in an exhibition tune-up match , leaving him at a disadvantage for a title match against James Owens a few weeks later . That bout lasted more than five hours , with McLaughlin protecting his injured foot , and Owens being reluctant to press the advantage against the larger and stronger McLaughlin . Ultimately Owens won the title in two straight falls . McLaughlin spent a few months healing before winning three matches in the spring , then retired again . McLaughlin gained a substantial amount of weight during his sabbatical , but was lured out of retirement in November 1878 against the formidable John McMahon . McLaughlin defeated McMahon in a rematch three weeks later , and a third contest the following March resulted in a draw . Almost four years later , at the end of 1882 , McLaughlin beat Canadian champion Edras Lambert . In 1884 , he reentered the competition with a series of bouts . In January , he beat top star H.M. Dufur to capture his third collar-and-elbow championship . In March , he lost to Duncan C. Ross , then beat Ross three weeks later , then lost a rematch to Dufur three weeks after that . A month later , in June , he defeated Dufur for his fourth title , before relinquishing it to Dufur at the end of July . Wrestling reporter/historian Dave Meltzer believes the back-and-forth results and the shortened time between the matches suggests that the sequence and outcomes of these matches were most likely deliberately prearranged by the wrestlers to excite public interest , and maximize the payout . Four months later , McLaughlin split a pair of matches with William Muldoon in November and December . Muldoon won the rematch , and assumed McLaughlin 's spot as the nation 's preeminent wrestling star . The second Muldoon match marked the effective end of McLaughlin 's professional career and title hopes . However , in 1901 , McLaughlin emerged in the Yukon territory as part of a threesome of wrestlers , travelling from town to town pretending to confront and challenge one another over the `` real '' championship . The other wrestlers , primarily future star Frank Gotch and Joe Carroll , used pseudonyms , but McLaughlin 's name was still a draw after forty years . Their alleged antipathy included the first high-profile `` three way '' match , in which McLaughlin , Gotch and Carroll wrestled one another in five different styles , purportedly to determine which of the three was the most versatile . Gotch would emerge the winner of these round robin challenges . McLaughlin died four years later , aged 61 , on September 11 , 1905 , in Fairmont , Alaska . He was an inductee into the Wrestling Observer Newsletter Hall of Fame class of 2016 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "174ad359f3f153cccf0b498b918201ee",
"text": "Royal Rumble (2014) Royal Rumble ( 2014 ) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by WWE and presented by Jackson Hewitt which took place on January 26 , 2014 at the Consol Energy Center in Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania . It was the twenty-seventh annual Royal Rumble , the first to be held in the city of Pittsburgh and the first WWE pay-per-view in 2014 . The event featured four professional wrestling matches and one pre-show match , two of which were for championships . The main event was the Royal Rumble match , a battle royal in which wrestlers enter the ring at regular intervals . Batista won by last eliminating Roman Reigns to become a two-time Royal Rumble winner . Elsewhere on the event 's card , Randy Orton successfully defended the WWE World Heavyweight Championship against John Cena , Bray Wyatt defeated Daniel Bryan , and Brock Lesnar defeated Big Show . On the event 's pre-show , The New Age Outlaws defeated Goldust and Cody Rhodes to become the new WWE Tag Team Champions . The event is known for the overwhelmingly negative crowd response during the Orton-Cena title match , as well as towards the end of ( and after ) the Royal Rumble match , when the fans booed the Rumble winner Batista and repeatedly chanted for Daniel Bryan ( who had competed earlier in the night and was not involved in the main event ) . Fans worldwide ( including retired wrestler Mick Foley ) voiced their displeasure over social media , and the event was covered by many major news outlets as one of the worst Royal Rumble pay-per-views . However , the bout between Daniel Bryan and Bray Wyatt was highly praised by fans and critics . The event also marked the final wrestling appearance of CM Punk , who walked out on WWE the next day despite still being under contract and subsequently signed a contract to compete in the UFC . The event received 467,000 buys , down 8.8 % from the 512,000 buys for the previous year 's event .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
f47fc63db34e3ce4b8b7fef6f5987137
|
Burundi is populated by people.
|
[
{
"docid": "9a703fed032a4186867306b864217aec",
"text": "Burundi Burundi ( -LSB- bəˈrʊndi -RSB- or -LSB- bəˈrʌndi -RSB- ) , officially the Republic of Burundi ( Republika y' Uburundi , -LSB- buˈɾundi -RSB- République du Burundi , -LSB- buʁundi -RSB- or -LSB- byʁyndi -RSB- ) , is a landlocked country in the African Great Lakes region of East Africa , bordered by Rwanda to the north , Tanzania to the east and south , and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west . It is also considered part of Central Africa . Burundi 's capital is Bujumbura . The southwestern border is adjacent to Lake Tanganyika . The Twa , Hutu and Tutsi peoples have lived in Burundi for at least 500 years . For more than 200 of those years , Burundi was an independent kingdom , until the beginning of the 20th century , when Germany colonised the region . After the First World War and Germany 's defeat , it ceded the territory to Belgium . Both Germans and Belgians ruled Burundi and Rwanda as a European colony known as Ruanda-Urundi . Despite common misconceptions , Burundi and Rwanda had never been under common rule until the time of European colonisation . Burundi gained independence in 1962 and initially had a monarchy , but a series of assassinations , coups and a general climate of regional instability culminated in the establishment of a republic and one-party state in 1966 . Bouts of ethnic cleansing and ultimately two civil wars and genocides during the 1970s and again in the 1990s left the country undeveloped and its population as one of the world 's poorest . 2015 witnessed large-scale political strife as President Pierre Nkurunziza opted to run for a third term in office , a coup attempt failed and the country 's parliamentary and presidential elections were broadly criticised by members of the international community . Burundi 's political system is that of a presidential representative democratic republic based upon a multi-party state . The President of Burundi is the head of state and head of government . There are currently 21 registered parties in Burundi . On 13 March 1992 , Tutsi coup leader Pierre Buyoya established a constitution , which provided for a multi-party political process and reflected multi-party competition . Six years later , on 6 June 1998 , the constitution was changed , broadening National Assembly 's seats and making provisions for two vice-presidents . Because of the Arusha Accord , Burundi enacted a transitional government in 2000 . In October 2016 , Burundi informed the UN of its intention to withdraw from the International Criminal Court . Burundi remains an overwhelmingly rural society , with just 13 % of the population living in urban areas in 2013 . The population density of around 315 people per square kilometre ( 753 per sq mi ) is the second highest in Sub-Saharan Africa . Roughly 85 % of the population are of Hutu ethnic origin , 15 % are Tutsi , and fewer than 1 % are indigenous Twa ( or Pygmies ) . The official languages of Burundi are French and Kirundi , although Swahili can be found spoken along the Tanzanian border . One of the smallest countries in Africa , Burundi has an equatorial climate . Burundi is a part of the Albertine Rift , the western extension of the East African Rift . The country lies on a rolling plateau in the centre of Africa . The highest peak , Mount Heha at 8810 ft , lies to the southeast of the capital , Bujumbura . The source of the River Nile is in Bururi province , and is linked from Lake Victoria to its headwaters via the Ruvyironza River Another major lake is Lake Tanganyika , located in much of Burundi 's southwestern corner . There are two national parks , Kibira National Park to the northwest ( a small region of rain forest , adjacent to Nyungwe Forest National Park in Rwanda ) , Ruvubu National Park to the northeast ( along the Rurubu River , also known as Ruvubu or Ruvuvu ) . Both were established in 1982 to conserve wildlife populations . Burundi 's lands are mostly agricultural or pasture . Settlement by rural populations has led to deforestation , soil erosion and habitat loss . Deforestation of the entire country is almost completely due to overpopulation , with a mere 230 mi2 remaining and an ongoing loss of about 9 % per annum . In addition to poverty , Burundians often have to deal with corruption , weak infrastructure , poor access to health and education services , and hunger . Burundi is densely populated and has had substantial emigration as young people seek opportunities elsewhere . The World Happiness Report 2017 ranked Burundi as the world 's second least happy nation with a rank of 154 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "55b312e2bd5c5ba7f9c1cd5ce58b9f3e",
"text": "Burundian communal elections, 2005 Communal elections were held in Burundi on 3 June and 7 June 2005 . The elections were won by the National Council for the Defense of Democracy -- Forces for the Defense of Democracy ( CNDD-FDD ) , which won 1,781 of the 3,225 seats .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ae1204b3b47beb009f911e07b040e402",
"text": "Council of Ministers (Burundi) In 2007 the Government of Burundi consisted of a 20-member Council of Ministers appointed by the President . The Council of Ministers , together with the President and Vice-Presidents , forms the executive branch of government in the country . The constitution , which enshrines ethnically-based power-sharing , requires that 60 % of ministers come from the ethnic Hutu majority while the remaining 40 % come from the ethnic Tutsi minority . At least 30 % of government ministers must be women . Members of President Pierre Nkurunziza 's government were announced on 14 November 2007 . The government consisted of 12 men ( 8 Hutus and 4 Tutsis ) and 8 women ( 6 Hutus and 2 Tutsis ) . The ethnic composition was 14 Hutus and 6 Tutsis . A new government was announced on August 29 , 2010 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6c153a39eb4576b557133768a65200ba",
"text": "Arusha Arusha is a city in northern Tanzania and the capital of the Arusha Region , with a population of 416,442 plus 323,198 in the surrounding Arusha District ( 2012 census ) . Located below Mount Meru on the eastern edge of the eastern branch of the Great Rift Valley , Arusha has a temperate climate . The city is close to the Serengeti National Park , the Ngorongoro Conservation Area , Lake Manyara National Park , Olduvai Gorge , Tarangire National Park , Mount Kilimanjaro , and Arusha National Park on Mount Meru . Arusha is a major international diplomatic hub . The city hosts the East African Community . From 1994 to 2015 , the city also hosted the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda , but that entity has ceased operations . It is a multicultural city with a majority Tanzanian population of mixed backgrounds : indigenous African , Arab-Tanzanian and Indian-Tanzanian population , plus a small White European and a white American minority population . Religions of the Arushan population include Christianity , Islam , and Hinduism .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6e82c39af6d081de93789c01c9fea4de",
"text": "Burundian presidential election, 2005 Indirect presidential elections were held in Burundi on 19 August 2005 . Members of the National Assembly and Senate chose the new president of the republic for a five-year term . The sole candidate , Pierre Nkurunziza of the CNDD -- FDD , was elected by a vote of 151 -- 9 . Nkurunziza was sworn in on 26 August 2005 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eb656fe1727bcc499fb4a2ed84d4cfc9",
"text": "Banyamulenge Banyamulenge , sometimes called `` Tutsi Congolese '' , is a term historically referring to the ethnic Tutsi concentrated on the High Plateau of South Kivu , in the eastern region of the Democratic Republic of the Congo , close to the Burundi-Congo-Rwanda border . The Banyamulenge form a minority of the South Kivu population . Rival ethnic groups in the late 1990s claimed the Banyamulenge numbered no more than 35,000 , while the Banyamulenge sympathizers claim up to ten times that number . The population of Banyamulenge in the early 21st century is estimated at between 50,000 and 70,000 by René Lemarchand or by Gérard Prunier at around 60,000 -- 80,000 , a figure about 3 -- 4 percent of the total provincial population . Lemarchand notes that the group represents `` a rather unique case of ethnogenesis . '' The Banyamulenge of South Kivu are culturally and socially distinct from the Tutsis of North Kivu and the Tutsis who fled to South Kivu in the 1959 -- 1962 Rwandan revolution . Most Banyamulenge speak Kinyarwanda , and those that do speak it with a dialect different from other Tutsi groups . The ambiguous political and social position of the Banyamulenge has been a point of contention in the province , leading to the Banyamulenge playing a key role in the run-up to the First Congo War in 1996 -- 7 and Second Congo War of 1998 -- 2003 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ba7c798bca12fcbd5dff4af499b24521",
"text": "BAMUTA Baraza la Muziki la Taifa ( BAMUTA ; Swahili for `` National Music Council '' ) was a national council created in 1974 by the government of the newly independent Tanzania . Its purpose was to regulate the music business in the country , in the context of a wider programme intended to create a solidified national identity . This , in turn , was a crucial element in Ujamaa , President Julius Nyerere 's version of african socialism . Similar institutions were founded to rule over other aspects of the nation 's culture , including the nationwide adoption of Swahili language ( promoted by Baraza la Kiswahili la Taifa ) and the development of Tanzanian art ( Baraza la Sanaa la Taifa ) ( BASATA ) . The overall idea was to build a new popular culture for the workers and peasants of the country , free from the heritage of colonialism and bourgeoisie culture . BAMUTA was responsible for the establishment of national music policies , which sought to control musical imports and issued disco and club licenses . BAMUTA called for strict government planning as well as control over the popular music in Tanzania . For example , import of foreign music was generally banned with the exception of music from Zaire . Under such restriction , and due to government promotion of musical creativity , many bands formed and new African music styles emerged , most notably in the muziki wa dansi ( dance music ) business . In 1984 , BAMUTA was merged into BASATA .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bbe7da0c5d250e7274cbe59c18ec3586",
"text": "Commune of Mwumba The commune of Mwumba is a commune of Ngozi Province in northern Burundi . The capital lies at Mwumba .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "166840d24ce9907fffcda0b7aa4d1c0c",
"text": "Commune of Mwakiro The commune of Mwakiro is a commune of Muyinga Province in northeastern Burundi . The capital lies at Mwakiro .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3507fe9da6d457e081bc33fbe44d9c6e",
"text": "Hangaza language Hangaza is a Bantu language spoken by the Hangaza people of Tanzania . It is closely related to and partially intelligible with the languages of Rwanda and Burundi .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4724c941e04134d18ca1b6892b6059d3",
"text": "Gervais Rufyikiri Gervais Rufyikiri ( born 12 April 1965 ) is a Burundian politician who was Second Vice President of Burundi from 2010 to 2015 . Born in Gitega Province , Rufyikiri holds a doctorate ( PhD ) in Biological , Agricultural and Environmental Engineering Sciences from the Belgian university Université Catholique de Louvain . An ethnic Hutu , he is a member of the National Council for the Defense of Democracy-Forces for the Defense of Democracy ( CNDD-FDD ) , became President of Senate of Burundi on 17 August 2005 . He became Second Vice-President in 2010 . As a member of President Pierre Nkurunziza 's ruling party , the CNDD-FDD , Rufyikiri expressed his opposition to Nkurunziza 's controversial bid for a third term in 2015 . As a result , he was effectively marginalized , although he initially remained in his post as Second Vice-President . On 25 June 2015 , Rufyikiri left the country and went into exile in Belgium , declaring that Nkurunziza 's candidacy was unconstitutional and that , by running , Nkurunziza was putting his own interests ahead of the nation 's interests . He said that Nkurunziza was `` deaf '' to ignore all the voices calling on him not to run . The government welcomed Rufyikiri 's departure and alleged that he was involved in the failed May 2015 coup attempt .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c73df2c3a9e4b10ac9410635e542930e",
"text": "List of African Great Lakes kingdoms The African Great Lakes kingdoms refers to the numerous historic kingdoms in the African Great Lakes region . These polities existed in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries , and had similar and yet sometimes distinct cultures , values and traditions . The Great Lakes kingdoms were found in Southeast Africa and some parts of Central Africa , in what is present-day northwest Tanzania , south Uganda , some parts of Rwanda , and Eastern Congo . Buganda Bunyoro Burundi Busoga Buvinza Buyungu Buzinza Gisaka Heru Igara Ihangiro Karagwe Kimwani Kiziba Kyamutwara Kyania Mpororo Mubari Muhambwe Nkore Rwanda Ruguru Rusubi Toro",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ab98e3d7444e99372df48ee3007c7bc8",
"text": "List of Tutsis This is a list of notable Tutsis Michel Micombero , former president of Burundi − 1940 -- 1983 Jean-Baptiste Bagaza , former president of Burundi -- born 1946 Pierre Buyoya , former president of Burundi -- born 1949 Sylvie Kinigi , former prime minister of Burundi and acting president of Burundi -- born 1952 Louis Rwagasore , former prime minister of Burundi -- 1932 -- 1961 Léopold Biha , former prime minister of Burundi Anatole Kanyenkiko , former prime minister of Burundi -- born 1952 Scholastique Mukasonga , writer , author of Our Lady of the Nile Antoine Nduwayo , former prime minister of Burundi -- born 1942 Mathias Sinamenye , 2nd vice president of Burundi Alphonse-Marie Kadege , 4th vice president of Burundi Frédéric Ngenzebuhoro 5th vice president of Burundi Martin Nduwimana , 6th vice president of Burundi -- born 1958 Rosalie Gicanda , ex-queen of Rwanda Sonia Rolland ( born 1981 ) , actress , mother tutsi , father French Lando Ndasingwa , Rwandan politician , -- died 1994 Benjamin Sehene , Rwandian author -- ( born 1959 ) , lives in Paris",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "56911b94c1cc76e665cbb7f7177af613",
"text": "Yulu people Yulu is an ethnic group in Central African Republic , Democratic Republic of the Congo , Sudan and South Sudan . They speak Yulu , a Nilo-Saharan language . The population of this group is at several thousand .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d76ae46b3fdc68282b6069552518add0",
"text": "Geology of Burundi The geology of Burundi consists largely of metamorphic rocks of Proterozoic age with inliers of basement rocks of Archaean age . The former are metasediments of the Burundian and Malagaarasian Supergroups which are of Meso - and Neoproterozoic age , respectively . Granites intrude the rocks from the Burndian Supergroup along a 350km zone of mafic and ultramafic intrusions . Just like Tanzania , the Malagarasian Supergroup has Neoproterozoic rocks . The top of this group contains the Kibago Group , which consists of sandstones , quartzites , shales , and a basal conglomerate . The Western Rift around and northwards of Bujumbura is partly filled by Cenozoic sediments .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "188be920bf9234e8c666830e8f7a2606",
"text": "List of companies of Tanzania Tanzania is a large country in Eastern Africa within the African Great Lakes region . Parts of the country are in Southern Africa . It is bordered by Kenya and Uganda to the north ; Rwanda , Burundi , and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west ; Zambia , Malawi , and Mozambique to the south ; and by the Indian Ocean to the east . Kilimanjaro , Africa 's highest mountain , is in northeastern Tanzania . The country has the second largest economy in the East African Community and the twelfth largest in Africa . It is largely dependent on agriculture for employment , accounting for about half of the employed workforce . An estimated 34 percent of Tanzanians currently live in poverty . The economy has been transitioning from a command economy to a market economy since 1985 . Although total GDP has increased since these reforms began , GDP per capita dropped sharply at first , and only exceeded the pre-transition figure in around 2007 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a14eb1316349742f573ee48e480acd03",
"text": "Burundi national basketball team The Burundi national basketball team represents Burundi in international competitions . It is administrated by the Fédération de Basketball du Burundi . Burundi joined FIBA in 1994 and is one of its youngest members . Unlike its neighbors DR Congo , Rwanda and Tanzania , the team has not yet succeeded to qualify for the FIBA Africa Championship .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aff5afba0bb34734c4b52407f96a2723",
"text": "Commune of Mutumba The commune of Mutumba is a commune of Karuzi Province in central Burundi . The capital lies at Mutumba .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7b1207217a6b52316849c9d02d89721f",
"text": "Rwandan genocide The Rwandan genocide , also known as the genocide against the Tutsi , was a genocidal mass slaughter of Tutsi in Rwanda by members of the Hutu majority government . An estimated 500,000 -- 1,000,000 Rwandans were killed during the 100-day period from April 7 to mid-July 1994 , constituting as many as 70 % of the Tutsi population . Additionally , 30 % of the Pygmy Batwa were killed . The genocide and widespread slaughter of Rwandans ended when the Tutsi-backed and heavily armed Rwandan Patriotic Front ( RPF ) led by Paul Kagame took control of the country . An estimated 2,000,000 Rwandans , mostly Hutus , were displaced and became refugees . The genocide was planned by members of the core political elite , many of whom occupied positions at top levels of the national government . Perpetrators came from the ranks of the Rwandan army , the Gendarmerie , government-backed militias including the Interahamwe and Impuzamugambi . The genocide took place in the context of the Rwandan Civil War , an ongoing conflict beginning in 1990 between the Hutu-led government and the Rwandan Patriotic Front ( RPF ) , which largely consisted of Tutsi refugees whose families had fled to Uganda after the 1959 Hutu revolt against colonial rule . Waves of Hutu violence against the RPF and Tutsi followed Rwandan independence in 1962 . International pressure on the Hutu government of Juvénal Habyarimana resulted in a ceasefire in 1993 , with a road-map to implement the Arusha Accords , which would create a power-sharing government with the RPF . This agreement was not acceptable to a number of conservative Hutu , including members of the Akazu , who viewed it as conceding to enemy demands . The RPF military campaign intensified support for the so-called `` Hutu Power '' ideology , which portrayed the RPF as an alien force who were non-Christian , intent on reinstating the Tutsi monarchy and enslaving Hutus . Many Hutus reacted to this prospect with extreme opposition . In the lead-up to the genocide the number of machetes imported into Rwanda increased . On April 6 , 1994 , an airplane carrying Habyarimana and Burundian President Cyprien Ntaryamira was shot down on its descent into Kigali . At the time , the plane was in the airspace above Habyarimana 's house . One person survived but died soon after en route to the hospital . The assassination of Habyarimana ended the peace accords . Genocidal killings began the following day . Soldiers , police , and militia quickly executed key Tutsi and moderate Hutu military and political leaders who could have assumed control in the ensuing power vacuum . Checkpoints and barricades were erected to screen all holders of the national ID card of Rwanda ( which contained ethnic classification information introduced by the Belgian colonial government in 1933 ) in order to systematically identify and kill Tutsi . These forces recruited and pressured Hutu civilians to arm themselves with machetes , clubs , blunt objects , and other weapons to rape , maim , and kill their Tutsi neighbors and to destroy or steal their property . The breakdown of the peace accords led the RPF to restart its offensive and rapidly seize control of the northern part of the country before capturing Kigali in mid-July , bringing an end to the genocide . During these events and in the aftermath , the United Nations ( UN ) and countries including the United States , the United Kingdom , and Belgium were criticized for their inaction and failure to strengthen the force and mandate of the UN Assistance Mission for Rwanda ( UNAMIR ) peacekeepers . Other observers criticized the government of France for alleged support of the Hutu government after the genocide had begun . The genocide had a lasting and profound impact on Rwanda and its neighboring countries . The pervasive use of rape as a weapon of war caused a spike in HIV infection , including babies born of rape to newly infected mothers ; many households were headed by orphaned children or widows . The destruction of infrastructure and the severe depopulation of the country crippled the economy , challenging the nascent government to achieve rapid economic growth and stabilization . The RPF military victory and installation of an RPF-dominated government prompted many Hutus to flee to neighboring countries , particularly in the eastern portion of Zaire ( now the Democratic Republic of Congo ) , where the Hutu genocidaires began to regroup in refugee camps along the border with Rwanda . Declaring a need to avert further genocide , the RPF-led government led military incursions into Zaire , including the First ( 1996 -- 97 ) and Second ( 1998 -- 2003 ) Congo Wars . Armed struggles between the Rwandan government and their opponents in DRC have continued to play out through proxy militias in the Goma region , including the M23 rebellion ( 2012 -- 2013 ) . Large Rwandan Hutu and Tutsi populations continue to live as refugees throughout the region . Today , Rwanda has two public holidays mourning the genocide . The national mourning period begins with Kwibuka , the national commemoration , on April 7 and concludes with Liberation Day on July 4 . The week following April 7 is an official week of mourning , known as Icyunamo . The genocide served as an impetus for creating the International Criminal Court to eliminate the need for ad hoc tribunals to prosecute genocide , crimes against humanity , and war crimes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b6a87d980eb31436d83fd65c2e781427",
"text": "Mambwe people The Mambwe are an ethnic and linguistic group from Rukwa Region , Tanzania and northeastern Zambia . In 1987 the Mambwe population in Tanzania was estimated to number 63,000 . The number of Mambwe in Zambia has not been independently estimated , though the combined number of Mambwe and Lungu in Zambia was estimated to be 262,800 in 1993 . The mambwe people of Zambia are known to be great businessmen . They also distinguish the last names for males and females , like the Namwanga people , by applying prefixes `` Si '' and `` Na '' to be the first two letters of the last name e.g. Sinyangwe ( Male ) & Nanyangwe ( Female ) , Sikasula ( Male ) & Nakasula ( Female ) , Sinkamba ( Male ) & Nankamba ( Female ) , Simusokwe ( Male ) & Namusokwe ( Female ) , Sikasote ( Male ) & Nakasote ( Female ) , Simfukwe ( Male ) & Namfukwe ( Female ) , Sinkala ( Male ) & Nankala ( Nankala ) , Simbela ( Male ) & Nambela ( Female ) sichilima ( male ) nachilima ( female ) etc. . A meal of beans ( `` choli '' ) and okra ( `` kumbi '' ) are a mambwe staple and delicacy . The Mambwe language and Cilungu , the Lungu language , are distinguished by minor dialect differences . The Mambwe people are known to be polygamous ( impali ) , although this trend is slowly changing with religious affiliations , and advancements in modern schooling and trends . Like other African people , marriage is very important , although girls are known to marry earlier , often with pressure coming from parents and other relatives . Category : Ethnic groups in Tanzania Category : Ethnic groups in Zambia Category : Indigenous peoples of East Africa",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d60ee4b74ca3559bca86a1a83a978a00",
"text": "Hangaza people The Hangaza are an ethnic and linguistic group based in Kagera Region in northwestern Tanzania . In 1987 the Hangaza population was estimated to number 150,000 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
cb3ccdb11b2266bd2bce941b381765d9
|
Queen Latifah has sold over two million hip hop records.
|
[
{
"docid": "a028d29c676aa945e0e3ecd4aa13bbbd",
"text": "Queen Latifah Dana Elaine Owens ( born March 18 , 1970 ) , known professionally by her stage name Queen Latifah , is an American rapper , songwriter , singer , actress , model , television producer , record producer , and talk show host . Born in Newark , New Jersey , she signed with Tommy Boy Records in 1989 and released her debut album All Hail the Queen the same year , featuring the hit single `` Ladies First '' . Her second album , Nature of a Sista ( 1991 ) , was her final album with Tommy Boy Records . Latifah starred as Khadijah James on the FOX sitcom Living Single , from 1993 to 1998 . Her third album Black Reign ( 1993 ) , spawned the single `` U.N.I.T.Y. '' , which won a Grammy Award and was successful on the Billboard Hot 100 . She then starred in the lead role of Set It Off ( 1996 ) and released her fourth album , Order in the Court , in 1998 , with Motown Records . Latifah gained mainstream success and acclaim with her performance in the film Chicago ( 2002 ) , receiving an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress . Latifah released her fifth album The Dana Owens Album in 2004 , and has since appeared in a number of films , such as Bringing Down the House ( 2003 ) , Taxi ( 2004 ) , Barbershop 2 : Back in Business ( 2005 ) , Beauty Shop ( 2005 ) , Last Holiday ( 2006 ) , Hairspray ( 2007 ) and Joyful Noise ( 2012 ) . In 2007 and 2009 , she released two more studio albums -- Trav ` lin ' Light and Persona . She created the daytime talk show The Queen Latifah Show , which ran from late 2013 to early 2015 on CBS . Latifah received critical acclaim for her portrayal of blues singer Bessie Smith in the HBO film Bessie ( 2015 ) , which she co-produced , winning the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Television Movie . She has long been considered one of hip-hop 's pioneer feminists . Queen Latifah received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2006 . Latifah 's work in music , film and television has earned her a Grammy Award , an Emmy Award , a Golden Globe award , three Screen Actors Guild Awards , two NAACP Image Awards , an Academy Award nomination and sales of over two million records .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "1e0f6dc16dfb8f6af3cd7888a7d4120c",
"text": "Music of Life Music of Life is a British independent dance music label formed in 1986 by two influential DJ remixers , Froggy and Simon Harris , managed by Chris France . Following several successful productions , one of which reached No. 3 in the UK pop music charts ( The Real Thing 's ` You to me are Everything ' ) Harris and Froggy decided to launch their own label , they were offered a label deal by Morgan Khan ( Streetwave ) and the first release was a remix by the duo of Cerrone 's ` Supernature ' ( his ` Music of Life song was the inspiration for the label name ) . Within a few months Froggy left the label and Streetwave went out of business . Harris being active in remixing and production for many other artists and labels financed the label with his remix income . After the demise of Streetwave Harris and France decided to re-launch as a British hip-hop ( usually UK Hip Hop , ) music label . Music of Life opened an office in London 's Soho at 22 Hanway Street , Chris France and his sister Michelle spent their days in the busy Soho office whilst Simon could usually be found in his home studio ` The Bunker ' producing many of the Music of Life releases . At first the label licensed new rap music from US production company Powerplay for the first compilation album ` Def Beats 1 ' but as an addition to the US material Harris produced an extra track , under his own ` Music of Life Productions ' recorded in London by the label 's A&R man Derek Boland . ` Rock the Beat ' by Derek B created a demand for British hip-hop and the demo tapes started to arrive , Music of Life signed the best artists instead of licensing more US material and Harris would produce many new songs featuring artists including M.C Duke , The Demon Boyz ( Million Dan ) , Thrashpack , Asher D and Daddy Freddy , CJ Macintosh & Einstein , She Rockers ( Betty Boo ) , Hijack and many more . Many of these recordings broke ground and are still considered to be highly innovative , the first reggae/hip-hop combination ( Asher D & Daddy Freddy 's ` Ragamuffin Hip Hop ) and Derek B 's album would be licensed to US label ` Profile ' ( Run DMC ) , Hijack would be signed to Ice-T 's Rhyme syndicate label and many more . Music Week wrote that Music of Life was `` the most successful hip hop label in the UK right now '' , in 1988 . Record Mirror identified Music of Life as one of the few hip hop labels `` to believe in home grown talent '' . In 1989 , Studio Week magazine called Music of Life `` the foremost rap label in this country at the moment . '' So far the Music of Life catalog of recordings and copyrights under Music of Life Productions and released on many labels worldwide including Music of Life have exceeded 2000 titles and include music videos and documentary TV shows ( ` Kings of Rap ' - MTV ) . Music of Life is one of the UK 's longest running independent dance music labels ( 1986 -- present day ) and the catalog has been licensed and released in over 70 countries with many chart hits including the UK , Germany , Japan , France and the USA ( Harris 's ` Bass ' how low can you go ? was a No. 1 Billboard US chart hit ) and many Grammy award winning artists ( Luthor Vandross , REM , Beastie Boys , Beck ) have licensed from the Music of Life catalog . Sister label ` Living Beat ' was launched in 1989 and would release many dance music , house and pop recordings with chart success including ` Supermarioland ' reaching No. 6 in the UK pop charts with Harris 's AKA ` Ambassadors of Funk ' in association with Nintendo , Samantha Fox 's Song for Europe entry ` Go for the Heart ' and was instrumental in helping Prince achieve his first UK No1 pop single ` The Most Beautiful Girl in the World ' . Harris also produced the world 's best selling series of ` Breakbeat ' albums used by DJs and producers , ` Beats Breaks and Scratches ' in 12 volumes and worked with top artists Norman Cook ( Fatboy Slim ) , Paul Oakenfold , Afrika Bambaataa and George Clinton to produce and release similar albums that are part of the Music of Life catalog . Music of Life is now a registered trademark . The Music of Life catalog includes songs from : M.C. Duke & D.J. Leader 1 Thrashpack She Rockers ( featuring * Betty Boo ) Daddy Freddy Asher D Tenor Fly Nitty Gritty Derek B Hijack Hardnoise 3 Knights DJ Daddy Leslie Lyrics Norman Cook Paul Oakenfold George Clinton Simon Harris ( label founder ) Einstein Ambassadors of Funk Afrika Bambaataa Demon Boyz Professor Griff Clyde Stubblefield Killa Instinct S.L. Troopers First Frontal Assault Kobalt 60 Overlord X",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "85a2b8fd164cb492cc4639414d45a75b",
"text": "ASAP Ferg Darold D. Brown Ferguson , Jr. ( born October 20 , 1988 ) , better known by his stage name ASAP Ferg ( stylized as A$ AP Ferg ) , is an American rapper from New York City 's Harlem neighborhood . Aside from his solo career , he is a member of the hip hop collective A$ AP Mob , from which he adopted his moniker . In January 2013 , Ferg signed a solo record deal with Polo Grounds and RCA , the same labels that helped launch A$ AP Worldwide , when Ferg 's A$ AP Mob cohorts A$ AP Rocky and the late A$ AP Yams , negotiated their own respective deal in 2011 . His debut album Trap Lord was released on August 20 , 2013 , and was met with generally positive reviews . On April 22 , 2016 , Ferg released his second studio album , Always Strive and Prosper .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8e8ba33ecfe077d526f4b1adc6b30979",
"text": "Lil Durk discography The discography of Lil Durk , an American hip hop recording artist , consists of two studio albums , six mixtapes and six singles .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2dd9d3b2e7d7cabc2b8e8c0d6d8d2012",
"text": "List of awards and nominations received by Missy Elliott Missy Elliott is an American rapper , singer-songwriter , author , record producer and actress . Missy 's debut album Supa Dupa Fly was released on July 15 , 1997 in the United States under her own label The Goldmind Inc. signed under Elektra Records . Her second album Da Real World was then released on June 22 , 1999 , followed by her third album Miss E. . . So Addictive , released on May 15 , 2001 . Under Construction was the fourth album released by Elliott , which was released on November 12 , 2002 , followed by her fifth album This Is Not a Test ! that saw a release in November 25 , 2003 , and The Cookbook , Elliott 's latest album to date , which was released on July 4 , 2005 . Throughout Missy Elliott 's career , she has received several awards and nominations . Elliott would also be noted to become the first female rapper in history to take home the award for `` Best International Video '' from VIVA Comet Media Awards for her solo debut single , `` The Rain ( Supa Dupa Fly ) '' . Elliott 's debut Supa Dupa Fly ( 1997 ) would go on to score two Grammy nominations for Best Rap Solo Performance & Best Rap Album , alongside three MTV Music Video Awards nominations for `` Best Direction in a Video , '' `` Best Breakthrough Video '' & `` Best Rap Video '' . Missy Elliott 's second album Da Real World ( 1999 ) attained a Grammy nomination for Best Rap Album . She also received an award for `` Best R&B / Soul or Rap Music Video '' by the Soul Train Awards . The album went on to go platinum making it Elliott 's second platinum album . The follow-up , Miss E. . . So Addictive ( 2001 ) , was a commercial success ; selling over 9.2 million copies worldwide making it her third consecutive platinum album . This album would attain twelve MTV Video Music Awards nominations throughout 2001 and 2002 . Additionally , the effort gained Elliott several nominations from various award shows some including , the Grammy Awards , MTV Video Music Awards , and the BET Awards . On March 27 , 2001 , Lil ' Kim , Christina Aguilera , Pink , and Mýa recorded a cover version of the LaBelle song , `` Lady Marmalade '' as a medley for the feature film Moulin Rouge that Missy Elliott wrote and produced , which topped # 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 for five weeks . `` Lady Marmalade '' scored Elliott 's first Grammy Award in 2002 for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals . Missy Elliott 's fourth album Under Construction ( 2002 ) was certified double platinum , making it her fourth platinum album . The effort gained Elliott eight MTV Video Music Awards in 2003 , taking two awards for `` Video of the Year & `` Best Hip-Hop Video '' . The album also gained Elliott five Grammy nominations in 2004 for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group , Best Rap Album , Album of The Year , Best Rap Song & Best Female Rap Solo Performance taking an award for Best Female Rap Solo Performance . Elliott 's follow-up This Is Not a Test ! ( 2003 ) would also attain a platinum certification , as well as two MTV Video Music Awards and one MTV Music Video Japan Awards nominations . The Cookbook ( 2005 ) is Missy Elliott 's latest album to date . The effort attained three Grammy nominations in 2006 for Best Short Form Music Video , Best Rap Song & Best Rap Album . Elliott received the award for Best Short Form Music Video for her single `` Lose Control '' . The Cookbook also gained Elliott seven MTV Video Music Awards nominations , taking two awards for `` Best Dance Video '' and `` Best Hip-Hop Video '' . In 2014 , Missy Elliott became nominated for a Grammy for Best R&B Song for the featured single , `` Without Me '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "882a203f00cee8068add5bc3ed465e70",
"text": "Female Preacher Female Preacher is the debut , and to date the only album recorded by Tonya Davis , a US rapper better known as Overweight Pooch , which was released in 1991 on A&M Records . Although the record indicated that Pooch had some potential , her album did n't go far commercially . Three songs were issued on single including a promo release , `` Hip House Party '' , initially also promoted on Jam Harder : The A&M Underground Dance Compilation in 1990 . The compilation scored at number sixty-three on the U.S. R&B / Hip-Hop Albums chart and at number one-hundred-thirty-one on the Top 200 Billboard Albums . `` Ace Is a Spade '' , originally titled as `` Ace a Spade '' , contained samples of `` New Day '' and the James Brown 's hit `` Soul Power '' The final single from the set `` I Like It '' , it featured background vocals by CeCe Peniston who also contributed to the set with additioanal two tracks that she also co-wrote ; `` Kickin ' Da Blues '' and `` Female Preacher '' . The single itself reached number sixteen in the U.S. Billboard Hot Dance/Music Club Play chart , and peaked at number fifty-eight on the UK Singles Chart in January 1992 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a8ffb7ce9c42d7a428fda7583f9d44e0",
"text": "Ashanti (singer) Ashanti Shequoiya Douglas ( born October 13 , 1980 ) , known simply as Ashanti , is an American singer , songwriter , record producer , dancer and actress . Ashanti is known for her eponymous debut album , which featured the hit song `` Foolish '' , and sold over 505,000 copies in its first week of release throughout the U.S. in April 2002 . In 2003 , the self-titled debut album won Ashanti her first Grammy Award for Best Contemporary R&B album . Her second release achieved a platinum certification and other top 10 singles . Ashanti wrote and sang background on Jennifer Lopez 's `` Ai n't It Funny ( Murder Remix ) '' , which reached number one on Billboard Hot 100 , which was also in the top 10 chart at the same time as `` Foolish '' , `` Always on Time '' ( with Ja Rule ) , and `` What 's Luv ? '' ( with Fat Joe ) . Later that year , she was acclaimed as the `` Princess Of Hip-Hop & R&B '' by her label and capped off her successful debut by winning eight Billboard awards and two American Music Awards . Ashanti cites Whitney Houston , Janet Jackson , Prince , Madonna , Tupac Shakur , Mary J. Blige , Ella Fitzgerald , Smokey Robinson , Donna Summer , and Blue Magic as her musical influences . Since 2013 , she is currently working on her own publishing company titled Written Entertainment .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3938a70b8464bed9c34c9899ed500676",
"text": "Top Dawg Entertainment Top Dawg Entertainment ( TDE ) is an American independent record label founded in 2004 , by chief executive officer ( CEO ) Anthony `` Top Dawg '' Tiffith . Dave `` Miyatola '' Free and Terrence `` Punch '' Henderson are the co-presidents of TDE . There are currently eight artists signed to the label , Isaiah Rashad , SZA , Lance Skiiiwalker and SiR , as well as the flagship artists , Black Hippy members , Kendrick Lamar , Jay Rock , ScHoolboy Q and Ab-Soul . The label also houses a production division that includes Digi + Phonics , THC , and King Blue .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dc172f1ef685c2db421e5343624548f8",
"text": "Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance The Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance ( previously called Best Rhythm and Blues Solo Vocal Performance , Female ) was an honor presented at the Grammy Awards , a ceremony established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards , to female recording artists for quality R&B songs . Awards in several categories are distributed annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to `` honor artistic achievement , technical proficiency and overall excellence in the recording industry , without regard to album sales or chart position . '' According to the category description guide for the 52nd Grammy Awards , the award was presented to artists that performed `` newly recorded solo R&B vocal performances '' . Solo numbers by members of an established group were not eligible for the award as `` separate entries from the duo or group performances . '' Albums were also considered for the accolade until 1992 . As a part of the major overhaul of Grammy categories , the award was discontinued in 2011 . The Female R&B Vocal Performance category , Male R&B Vocal Performance category and all duo/group vocal performances in the R&B category shifted to the Best R&B Performance category in 2012 . The award for the Best Female R&B Vocal Performance was first presented to Aretha Franklin at the 10th Grammy Awards ceremony in 1968 for the song `` Respect '' . Franklin received the most wins with eleven , followed by Anita Baker with five . Franklin also holds the record for the most nominations with twenty-three , while Chaka Khan is second with eight nominations . Fantasia Barrino became the final recipient of the award , when her song `` Bittersweet '' won the award in 2011 . The award was presented to artists from the United States each year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1ccec1b92d1c141b81edde97b10c7e5b",
"text": "Radio (LL Cool J album) Radio is the debut studio album by American rapper LL Cool J , released November 18 , 1985 on Def Jam Recordings in the United States . It serves as the label 's first full-length album release . Recording sessions for the album took place during 1984 to 1985 at Chung King House of Metal in New York City . The album was primarily produced by Rick Rubin , who provided a sparse and minimal production style . Radio also features a sound that is punctuated by DJ scratching , mostly brief samples , and emphasis of the downbeat . LL Cool J 's b-boy lyricism conveys themes of inner city culture , teenage promiscuity , and braggadocio raps . The album experienced a significant amount of commercial success and sales for a hip hop record at the time , earning U.S. Billboard chart success and selling over 500,000 copies within its first five months of release . On April 19 , 1989 , Radio was certified platinum in sales by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , following sales in excess of one million copies in the United States . Initial criticism of the album was generally positive , as LL Cool J 's lyricism and Rick Rubin 's production were praised by several music critics . It has since been recognized by critics as LL Cool J 's greatest work . Reflecting the new school and ghettoblaster subculture in the U.S. during the mid-1980s , Radio belongs to a pivotal moment in the history and culture of hip hop . Its success contributed to the displacement of the old school with the new school form and to the genre 's mainstream success during the period . Its success also served as a career breakthrough for LL Cool J and Rick Rubin . Radio has been recognized by music writers as one of the first cohesive and commercially successful hip hop albums .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2beb645f3c920513e01707fa3131e10d",
"text": "Indie hip-hop Indie hip hop ( short for independent hip hop ) is hip hop that primarily exists in the independent underground music scene . The term underground hip hop may be used to describe both indie hip hop ( which is defined by its artists being unsigned or signed to independent record labels , rather than major record labels ) as well as alternative hip hop ( which is defined by music that diverges from mainstream hip hop music such as Gangsta rap . ) As the term `` indie hip hop '' is indicative of the musicians making the music rather than the music itself , it is not strictly a genre but rather covers a range of styles with clearly discernable hip hop characteristics . Like indie rock artists , many indie hip hop artists place a premium on maintaining complete control of their music and careers , releasing albums on independent record labels ( sometimes their own ) and relying on touring , word-of-mouth , and air play on independent or college radio stations for promotion . Some of its more popular artists , however , may end up moving to major labels , though often on favorable terms won by their prior independent success . Independent hip hop labels include Babygrande Records , Definitive Jux , Nature Sounds Records and Strange Famous Records . Notable indie hip hop artists include 7L & Esoteric , Bronze Nazareth , Chief Kamachi , Lord Jamar , Mr. Lif , Jedi Mind Tricks , OuterSpace , The Perceptionists , WMR Music Group and The Society of Invisibles .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f888bf02b6dc821afd6d66c0ca4d7ad0",
"text": "Hips Don't Lie `` Hips Do n't Lie '' is a song by Colombian singer and songwriter Shakira , featuring Haitian rapper Wyclef Jean for the reissue of Shakira 's seventh studio album , Oral Fixation , Vol . 2 . It was released on 28 February 2006 , by Epic Records as the second single from the album . The song was written and produced by Shakira , Jean , Jerry ` Wonder ' Duplessis and LaTavia Parker . `` Hips Do n't Lie '' is a salsa and worldbeat song , which heavily incorporates samples from Jean 's earlier single `` Dance Like This '' and `` Amores Como el Nuestro '' written by Omar Alfanno . Upon its release , `` Hips Do n't Lie '' received generally favorable reviews from music critics . It received several accolades , including a People 's Choice Award , an MTV Latin America Video Music Award , and an MTV Video Music Award . `` Hips Do n't Lie '' reached the number one spot on charts in at least 18 countries including the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 , becoming her first number one single in the country . It also broke the record for the most radio plays in a single week and the fastest selling digital download song in the United States . The song was eventually certified Triple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , where it has sold over 3 million copies . It also topped the charts in Australia , Belgium ( Flanders and Wallonia ) , France , Germany , Ireland , Italy , Netherlands , New Zealand , Switzerland and the United Kingdom . Having sold over 10 million digital downloads , the track became one of the best-selling singles of the 21st century .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ac944516232c8f3f2601e6308b72be58",
"text": "Records and achievements of Madonna American singer Madonna , throughout her career , spanning three decades , has obtained a remarkable series of statistical achievements , setting and breaking several world records with her participation in entrepreneurial activities , of acting and her performance in the musical scene for her videos , singles , albums , and tours . Her first appearance in the Guinness Book of World Records was in 1986 with her third studio album , True Blue . Since then , she has earned multiple appearances , some 20 at least in February 2012 , including her insigne record title as the top-selling female recording artist of all time . Madonna 's commerciality has achieved scrutiny studies and analysis from different point of view in the academia world or by marketers , through her marketing strategies , controversies and reinvention , surpassing to others new or contemporary artists . In popular culture , many international artists have been called `` Madonna '' , many times , by their impact and success in their respective countries or genres . Also , her presence in popular culture , has been led to create world records about Madonna . Dubbed as the most successful and most influential female artist of all time , Madonna 's music is defined in several occasions , for changing contemporary music history for women 's , mainly rock , dance and pop scene .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "384022a9b8a949710d6dc71e93a88edc",
"text": "Fabo Lefabian Williams ( born November 30 , 1983 ) , better known by his stage name Fabo , is an American rapper , producer , songwriter and former frontman of the snap music group D4L . Fabo is currently signed to Atlantic Records , and has gone solo . Fader called Fabo `` an unquestioned living legend for certain segments of the rap community '' and said that `` Young Thug even paid tribute in his breakout ` Stoner . ' '' D4L 's breakout song Laffy Taffy dethroned Mariah Carey 's `` Do n't Forget About Us '' to claim the No. 1 spot on the Billboard Hot 100 chart . `` Laffy Taffy '' made Nielsen SoundScan history with digital download sales of over 175,000 copies , marking a new one-week high for sales of a single track . This achievement smashes the previous record set by Kanye West 's `` Gold Digger , '' more than doubling the latter 's one-week sales figure of 80,500 . D4L earned recognition by the RIAA for highest certified master ringtone honors , going 3x multi-platinum for their song , Laffy Taffy . In November 2013 , Complex ( magazine ) named D4L with the likes of industry greats Eminem , Lil Wayne , and Timbaland as one of The 10 Major Influences on Today 's Rap Sound . The magazine credits D4L for influence on current California production style as well as the obvious `` ringtone '' rap , pop rap and dance-style rap music . Complex goes on to say , `` And no doubt group member , Fabo , a true star , was influential , particularly in the South . '' After a brief hiatus from the music scene , Fabo , who now goes by the stage name 2 $ Fabo , returned in 2013 with a new single called `` Catch Me on That Molly , '' which was produced by King Dominus . In 2014 , 2 $ Fabo released the well-received We Amongst U , which Stereogum called their mixtape of the week and `` a hell of a good time . '' Additionally , Fader called `` We Amongst U '' the `` most fun mixtape of 2014 . '' It goes on to describe the song `` Krazy Bout That Money , '' as being `` nothing short of ecstatic , a twinkling , Nard & B-reminiscent production over which Fabo delivers the most impassioned love letter to cash I 've ever heard . It feels like hearing `` The World 's Greatest '' for the first time .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "76ffe8877ae822be52d7e019700820fc",
"text": "Whitney Houston videography The videography of American pop/R & B recording artist Whitney Houston consists of fifty-five music videos , four music video compilations , a concert tour video and three music video singles . In 1983 , Houston signed a recording contract with Arista Records and two years after released her eponymous debut album . Houston 's first music video was for the single `` You Give Good Love '' , which was selected to establish her in the black marketplace first . In the video of worldwide hit `` Saving All My Love for You '' , she played a beaming All-American girl shadowed by her secret lover 's wife . The following video `` How Will I Know '' , directed by Brian Grant , that helped introduce the singer to a wider audience when it became one of the first videos by a black female singer to earn heavy rotation on MTV , blasting open the doors for a whole generation of R&B and pop divas to follow . The clip won MTV Video Music Award for Best Female Video at its 3rd ceremony of 1986 . `` Greatest Love of All '' , the final single released from Houston 's debut album , which helped cement the M.O. for the classic Whitney video . In June 1986 , Houston released her first video compilation The No. 1 Video Hits , containing her four music videos off the Whitney Houston album . The video compilation reached number-one on the Billboard Top Music Videocassettes chart and stayed at the top spot for 22 weeks , which remains the all-time record for a video collection by a female artist , and was certified Platinum for shipments of 100,000 units by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) on July 15 , 1986 . In 1987 , `` I Wan na Dance with Somebody ( Who Loves Me ) '' , the first single from her second album Whitney , was one of Houston 's most recognized music videos in company with the song 's smash hit worldwide . Houston 's fashion and hairstyle in the clip -- towering curly wig , colorful dangly earrings and a series of going-to-the-club outfits -- became one of her iconic looks . In November 1990 , Houston released her third studio album I 'm Your Baby Tonight . The video for the title track from the album , was what passed for a high-concept clip from Houston , in which she paid tribute to three different legends in film and music industries : Marlene Dietrich , The Supremes and Audrey Hepburn . On January 27 , 1991 , Houston , wearing a white tracksuit with a red and blue print and matching athletic headband , performed `` The Star Spangled Banner '' at Super Bowl XXV , held at the Tampa Stadium in Tampa , Florida . Due to overwhelming response to her rendition , the performance was released as a video single , which was certified 2 × Platinum by the RIAA in April 1991 . Such Houston 's patriotism-boosting-performance for the national anthem led her to give Welcome Home Heroes with Whitney Houston concert , which was for the troops , their families , and military and government dignitaries in honor of those returning from the Gulf War . The concert was released as a VHS ( later also LD and DVD ) in the same year and it was certified Gold for shipments of 50,000 units by the RIAA . Though Houston is acknowledged as one of the best live performers , up to date , the live footage is her only full-concert video that has been issued officially in the United States . `` I Will Always Love You '' , one of Houston 's iconic videos , was the clip for the lead single off the soundtrack for Houston 's 1992 film debut The Bodyguard . In the video , directed by Nick Brandt , the camera focused on an elegantly suited up , forlorn-looking Houston sitting in an empty theater and staring into the distance as she watched clips from the movie scroll by . Houston blasted into the song 's towering finale via a quick zoom to her face , eyes closed , and then popping open as she hit the high notes . The idea and the camerawork helped Houston to deliver perfectly the titanically tear-jerking drama of the song . Her other notable video from The Bodyguard Soundtrack , `` Queen of the Night '' , featured Houston performing the song in a club dressed in a metallic costume , which were inspired by scenes from Fritz Lang 's 1927 silent film Metropolis . After Houston contributed to her songs on the soundtracks for two films , in which she also starred , Waiting to Exhale ( 1995 ) and The Preacher 's Wife ( 1996 ) , she teamed up with Mariah Carey in the video for `` When You Believe '' from The Prince of Egypt Soundtrack . In November 1998 , Houston came back to pop music full-time with My Love Is Your Love , which returned her to heavy rotation . The singles from the album , `` Heartbreak Hotel '' , `` It 's Not Right But It 's Okay '' , and `` My Love Is Your Love '' , were all US top 5 hits , and Houston was also once again embraced by MTV thanks to her willingness to let her style and approach evolve in her music and the videos . During that time , most of her music videos were directed by Kevin Bray . Houston began the 2000s with her first greatest hits compilation , Whitney : The Greatest Hits , which spawned three then new videos including two for the duet songs that she collaborated with Enrique Iglesias on `` Could I Have This Kiss Forever '' and George Michael on `` If I Told You That '' . The accompanying video/DVD of the same title was also released at the same time , which contained Houston 's promotional videos from 1985 to 1999 and several hard-to-find live performances including her 1983 TV debut on The Merv Griffin Show . In December 2002 , Houston released her fifth studio album , Just Whitney . Two music videos from the album , `` Whatchulookinat '' and `` Try It on My Own '' , were considered her answers to the media for getting too deep into her personal life and to malicious rumours surrounding then her public image . In the former video , she confronted the issues with a white set with an overhead camera and mirrors on its walls , following and reflecting Houston 's every move . In the latter , did with the storyline strongly reminiscent of her high-profile firing by Burt Bacharach from the 2000 Academy Awards ceremony for not singing `` Over the Rainbow '' during rehearsals for the show . In August 2009 , Houston returned to the music scene with her fourth Billboard 200 number-one album , I Look to You , which yielded `` Million Dollar Bill '' and `` I Look to You '' videos . Most of Houston 's notable videos involve just a bit of perfunctory storyline and focus on her performance , however , several sources recognized her as one of pioneers who laid the groundwork and broke down barriers with the videos during her generation . In 2003 , VH1 ranked Houston at number three on the list of '50 Greatest Women of the Video Era ' . In February 2012 , TIME , on a photo article in honor of Black History Month , listed her as one of '50 Cultural Giants ' . Gil Kaufman from MTV News said that '' -LSB- Houston -RSB- proved you could make a fuss without making a spectacle , '' and added his view on Houston 's legacy as follows : The legendary R&B singer -LSB- Houston -RSB- became one of the most important artists of the early music-video era by taking the road less traveled . -LSB- ... -RSB- While such fellow trailblazers as Michael Jackson and Madonna created video fantasy worlds full of monsters , gangsters , street-fighting men and naughty brides , Houston mostly skipped the drama and stood front and center in her most iconic clips doing the thing that she did best : singing her heart out .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bad6673fcb603b9a86808a8f7c5301e8",
"text": "Busta Rhymes Trevor George Smith Jr. ( born May 20 , 1972 ) , better known by his stage name Busta Rhymes , is an American rapper , actor , record producer and record executive . Chuck D of Public Enemy gave him the moniker Busta Rhymes , after NFL wide receiver George `` Buster '' Rhymes . He is widely known for his outlandish style and fashion sense depicted in several highly innovative music videos as well as his intricate rhyming technique , rapping at a high rate of speed with heavy use of internal rhyme and half rhyme , and to date has received 11 Grammy Award nominations for his musical work . About.com included him on its list of the 50 Greatest MCs of Our Time ( 1987 -- 2007 ) , while Steve Huey of AllMusic called him one of the best and most prolific rappers of the 1990s . In 2012 , The Source placed him on their list of the Top 50 Lyricists of All Time . MTV has called him `` one of hip-hop 's greatest visual artists . '' Busta Rhymes was an original member of Leaders of the New School . He later went on and founded the record label Conglomerate ( initially Flipmode Entertainment ) and production crew The Conglomerate ( formerly Flipmode Squad ) . In November 2011 , Busta Rhymes signed a deal with Cash Money Records . On July 23 , 2014 , Busta Rhymes announced that he left Cash Money Records due to creative differences and was no longer on Republic . In 2016 Rhymes signed with Epic for his upcoming album due to be released in early 2017 . He has so far released nine studio albums , with the first being the 1996 platinum-selling album The Coming . His list of hit singles include `` Woo Hah !! Got You All in Check '' , `` Put Your Hands Where My Eyes Could See '' , `` Dangerous '' , `` Turn It Up ( Remix ) / Fire It Up '' , `` Gim me Some More '' , `` What 's It Gon na Be ?! '' , `` Pass the Courvoisier , Part II '' , `` I Know What You Want '' and `` Touch It '' , among several others .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bb15bcc714c715eae349eaf85f89ea1a",
"text": "Whitney Houston discography The discography of American singer Whitney Houston ( 1963 -- 2012 ) consists of seven studio albums , six compilations , two soundtrack albums , five box sets , six extended plays , and fifty-seven singles . In 1985 , Houston released her self-titled debut album . It spent fourteen weeks at number one on the Billboard 200 and was certified thirteen times platinum ( Diamond ) by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , with global sales of 25 million copies . The album produced four US top 5 singles , including three Billboard Hot 100 number-ones . In 1987 , Houston released her second album Whitney . The album debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 and was supported by four US number-one singles : `` I Wan na Dance with Somebody ( Who Loves Me ) '' , `` Did n't We Almost Have It All '' , `` So Emotional '' , and `` Where Do Broken Hearts Go '' , which established an unprecedented seven consecutive number one hits by a performer . Whitney was certified 9 × Platinum by the RIAA and topped the charts in numerous countries , having sold in excess of 20 million copies worldwide . Houston 's third studio album , I 'm Your Baby Tonight ( 1990 ) , peaked at number three on the Billboard 200 chart and yielded two number-one singles ; `` I 'm Your Baby Tonight '' and `` All the Man That I Need '' , selling 10 million units worldwide . In February 1991 , Houston released `` The Star Spangled Banner '' performance from Super Bowl XXV as a single , becoming the highest-charting rendition of the national anthem on the Billboard Hot 100 chart . The Bodyguard soundtrack from her film debut , was released in November 1992 . The album contains tracks by other recording artists but is considered a Houston album by Billboard . It topped the Billboard 200 for twenty non-consecutive weeks , one of the longest tenures by an album in the Nielsen SoundScan era . The album was certified 17 × Platinum the United States and sold over 45 million copies worldwide , becoming the best-selling soundtrack album and one of the top 5 best-selling albums of all time . The lead single from the soundtrack , `` I Will Always Love You '' , topped the Billboard Hot 100 chart for a then-record-breaking fourteen weeks and was certified 6 × Platinum by the RIAA , peaked at number one on the charts in nearly every country and sold 12 million copies worldwide , becoming one of the best-selling singles of all time . Houston contributed three songs , including her eleventh number-one single `` Exhale ( Shoop Shoop ) '' on the 7x platinum soundtrack album , Waiting to Exhale ( November 1995 ) . The following year she released The Preacher 's Wife in November 1996 . The soundtrack was certified 3x Platinum by the RIAA and became the biggest selling gospel album of all time . In 1998 , she released her first studio album in eight years , My Love Is Your Love . The album failed to match the commercial status of her previous albums , peaking at number thirteen , her lowest chart position on the Billboard 200 among her studio albums . Despite initial weak sales , the album went on to achieve multi-platinum status with 11 million units sold worldwide , being certified 4 × Platinum in the United States . From late 1998 to early 2000 , the album generated five singles ; `` When You Believe '' ( duet with Mariah Carey ) , `` Heartbreak Hotel '' , `` It 's Not Right but It 's Okay '' , `` My Love Is Your Love '' , and `` I Learned from the Best '' . Houston entered the 2000s with her first greatest hits compilation , Whitney : The Greatest Hits , released in May 2000 . The double-disc was certified 3 × Platinum by the RIAA in 2002 and earned 5 × Platinum award posthumously , recognizing 2.6 million in sales throughout the United States . The album hit the top position on the UK Albums Chart and sold over 1.66 million copies in the UK alone . Also , it reached the top ten in many worldwide markets , selling 10 million copies globally . Just Whitney , released in December 2002 , became her first album after renewing her contract with Arista for a record $ 100 million in 2001 . The album failed to earn multi-platinum status , receiving only Platinum award in the US , and became her lowest-selling studio album to date . She released a holiday album , One Wish : The Holiday Album in November 2003 . In September 2009 , Houston returned to the top position of the Billboard 200 with I Look to You , becoming her fourth number-one album on the chart ; which was her first non-soundtrack number-one in 22 years , since 1987 's Whitney . It also topped the album charts of several European countries and was certified Platinum by the RIAA . Her albums Whitney Houston , Whitney , The Bodyguard and Whitney : The Greatest Hits are among the top 100 certified albums according to the RIAA . According to the RIAA , Houston is the top-selling R&B female artist of the 20th century , and the fourth best-selling female artist in the United States , with shipments of 57 million albums . In addition , until the launch of the RIAA 's digital certification program in 2004 , she had sold 16.5 million physical singles more than any other female solo artist in history . According to the Official UK Charts Company in October 2012 , Houston is at number four in the top 10 biggest selling female singles artists of all-time list with a sales total of 8.5 million singles . Whitney Houston is one of pop music 's best-selling music artists of all-time , with an estimated 170 -- 200 million records sold worldwide .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e23cea6acfbe0eb8d992bbb3b4f98037",
"text": "Face 2 Face (2face Idibia album) Face 2 Face is a 2004 album by 2face Idibia . It became a major hit ( sold up to 2 million copies ) , initially in Idibia 's home country of Nigeria , but quickly spreading through western and southern Africa , and eventually making an impact in Europe as well . Its success owed much to lead radio track `` African Queen '' , a guitar ballad with elements of West African folk music and hip-hop . `` Nfana Ibaga '' also became a local hit .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2647a740e52bfd43b9ad4a7e91142919",
"text": "Chaka Khan Chaka Khan ( born Yvette Marie Stevens , March 23 , 1953 ) is an American recording artist whose career has spanned five decades , beginning in the 1970s as the frontwoman and focal point of the funk band Rufus . Widely known as the Queen of Funk , Khan has won ten Grammys and has sold an estimated 70 million records worldwide . Khan was ranked at number 17 in VH1 's original list of the 100 Greatest Women of Rock & Roll . In 2015 , she was nominated for induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame for the second time ; she was previously nominated as member of Rufus in 2011 . Khan was the first R&B artist to have a crossover hit featuring a rapper , with `` I Feel for You '' in 1984 . In the course of her solo career , Khan has achieved three gold singles , three gold albums and one platinum album with I Feel for You . With Rufus , she achieved four gold singles , four gold albums , and two platinum albums . In December 2016 , Billboard magazine ranked her as the 65th most successful dance artist of all time .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a40e532b77d11423f9554977093158f9",
"text": "Hip Hop Galsen Following an historical process of appropriation of American popular music by Senegal , For e.g. Jazz as well as Latin American music such as salsa or pachanga were popular in Senegalese cities from the 1940s and until recently . Hip Hop emerged in the Senegalese capital city in the early mid - 1980s . Although Hip Hop Galsen is now famous for its diverse musical productions , the movement there spread out from its dancing appeal rather than from its musical one . Indeed , Senegalese hip hop artists initially participated in this movement as smurfer , breakdancer , B-Boy in general performing during organised podiums . Schools , nightclubs and other temporary public stages thus played an essential role in amplifying this movement in Dakar . Besides , and in contrast to American Hip Hop , which grew from the youth in the inner city ghettos , Hip Hop in Dakar began among a somehow middle-class youth who was able to access and/or introduce in their home place new ideas and new cultural expressions coming from abroad . Indeed , Hip Hop became popular in the capital city through the intensive though informal circulation of VH7 cassettes and recorded videos , which were imported from USA ( Africa Bambaataa ) or France ( hip hop dance TV show ` HIPHOP ' animated by Sydney ) by diaspora people . Quickly , podiums enlarged their performances from dancers only to rappers as well . It was a time when soon-to-be hip hop artists were still mimicking American artists they actively used to listen to such Africa Bambaataa , Grandmaster Flash , Furious Five , Delight , Doug E. Fresh or Public Enemy for the most well-known . Indeed , rap , the MC performance , was still then a phonetic repetition , a copycatting of either American rappers or , with Hip Hop booming in France in the 1980s , of French hip hop artists such as Assassin , NTM , IAM or Mc Solaar . Without the real capacity for translating the movement and its expressions in Senegalese terms yet , the mid-1980s in Dakar were however definitively hip hop . And whenever the classical hip hop film Beat Street was circulating in local cinemas , young people were following the movie from showroom to showroom in order to view it again and again and to know by heart the famous lyrics of Grandmaster Flash .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "49889d0096e127cb767dac7b1342e9d8",
"text": "The Source Presents: Hip Hop Hits The Source Presents : Hip Hop Hits is the first annual music compilation album to be contributed by The Source magazine . Released December 16 , 1997 and distributed through Polygram Records , Hip Hop Hits Volume 1 features eighteen hip hop and rap hits . It went to number 25 on the Top R&B / Hip Hop Albums chart ( making it the highest charting Hip Hop Hits album on that chart to date ) and peaked at number 38 on the Billboard 200 album chart . Five tracks on the album had reached number-one on the Billboard Hot Rap Tracks chart : `` Bow Down , '' `` Ca n't Nobody Hold Me Down '' , `` Crush on You , '' `` Elevators '' and `` Hypnotize '' . Two of the songs , `` Hypnotize '' and `` Ca n't Nobody Hold Me Down '' reached number-one on the Billboard R&B / Hip-Hop and pop charts .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
f1431fc6bc4fac7cfbba9ff7e1fff7d6
|
Millie Bobby Brown played Jane "Eleven" Ives.
|
[
{
"docid": "60a6a5fac8aaa88b6bc604f2301eeb7a",
"text": "Millie Bobby Brown Millie Bobby Brown ( born 19 February 2004 ) is an English actress and model known for her breakout role as Jane `` Eleven '' Ives in the Netflix science fiction drama series Stranger Things .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "097d2e4cbd278542acd22ae5e9b45657",
"text": "Mr. Broadway Mr. Broadway is an American 13-episode CBS adventure and drama television series starring Craig Stevens as New York City public relations specialist Mike Bell . The program aired at 9 p.m. Eastern time Saturdays from September 26 to December 26 , 1964 . Also featured were Bell 's assistant , Toki , portrayed by Lani Miyazaki , and his police contact , Hank McClure , played by Horace McMahon . Mr. Broadway , a Talent Associates Production , was created by Garson Kanin and produced by David Susskind and Daniel Melnick . Dave Brubeck supplied the music and theme . It was shot on location in New York City . Although ` Mr. Broadway ' was only aired 13 episodes , it featured some notable guest stars , including Jason Robards , Lauren Bacall , Tuesday Weld , Jill St. John , Art Carney and Liza Minnelli in her first dramatic TV role . Notable episodes include guest appearances by Liza Minnelli as Minnie in `` Nightingale for Sale '' ; Sandy Dennis in `` Do n't Mention My Name in Sheboygan '' , and Lauren Bacall as Barbara Lake , with Martin Balsam as Nate Bannerman , in `` Something to Sing About '' . Other episodes are `` Keep an Eye on Emily '' ( the series ' pilot ) with Tuesday Weld as Emily and Oleg Cassini as himself , `` Take a Walk Through a Cemetery '' with Lauren Bacall , again , but also with Jason Robards , Jr. , and Jill St. John , `` Try to Find a Spy '' with Barbara Feldon and Simon Oakland , `` Between the Rats and the Finks '' with Larry Hagman , Dyan Cannon , Bruce Gordon , and Patrick McVey , `` The He-She Chemistry '' with Tammy Grimes , `` Maggie , Queen of the Jungle '' , with Nina Foch in the title role , `` Smelling Like a Rose '' with Art Carney , Hal Roach , and Tina Louise , `` Bad Little Rich Girl '' with Diana Van der Vlis as Mary Beth Warren and Larry Pennell as John Chambers , `` Sticks and Stones May Break My Bones '' with Philip Abbott as Geoffrey Karr and Lola Albright as Duff Daniels . Albright had been Stevens 's co-star on Peter Gunn , and `` Pay Now , Die Later '' , the series finale , with David Wayne as John Zeck and John Ireland as Jimmy King . In the latter episode the wealthy Zeck hires Mike Bell to write his obituary ahead of his death . Mr. Broadway aired following the new sitcom Gilligan 's Island and preceding the durable Western , Gunsmoke . Its competition was the Saturday Night Movie on NBC , and the second half of The Lawrence Welk Show and the first half of The Hollywood Palace on ABC .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eae1f4cbf42e4d3bf16c8445e6e0be96",
"text": "Mel Brown Mel Brown may refer to : Mel Brown ( drummer ) , American jazz musician Mel Brown ( guitarist ) , blues guitarist Melanie Brown , formerly of the Spice Girls",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "565658409a015a6324ed76a5b96f1d18",
"text": "Dream Lover: The Bobby Darin Musical Dream Lover : The Bobby Darin Musical is a jukebox musical based on an original concept and stage play by Frank Howson and John-Michael Howson , adapted for the stage by Frank Howson with Simon Phillips and Carolyn Burns . The musical reveals the extraordinary story of legendary singer , songwriter and actor Bobby Darin . The original production played at the Sydney Lyric Theatre from September to November 2016 . It featured David Campbell as Bobby Darin , Caroline O'Connor as Polly / Mary Douvan , Hannah Fredericksen as Sandra Dee , Bert LaBonte as Charlie , Martin Crewes as Steve Blauner , and Marney McQueen as Nina .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fc74708a37b8ff5d5eac1140ad690607",
"text": "South Park (season 11) The eleventh season of South Park , an American animated television series created by Trey Parker and Matt Stone , began airing on March 7 , 2007 . The 11th season concluded after 14 episodes on November 14 , 2007 . This is the first season to have uncensored episodes available for DVD release . This is also the season featuring the three-part , Emmy Award-winning episode `` Imaginationland '' ( which was released separately on DVD with scenes not shown in the televised version before being packaged with the rest of the season 11 episodes as part of the complete season DVD ) . Parker was the director and writer of this eleventh season .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9ba21aede63a001966539360c949cd73",
"text": "Robin Kohn Robin Kohn Glazer is a former child actress noted for providing the voice of Lucy van Pelt in various Peanuts animation films during the early 1970s in Snoopy Come Home , You 're Not Elected , Charlie Brown , A Charlie Brown Thanksgiving , and There 's No Time for Love , Charlie Brown . Later on , her sister Melanie Kohn would inherit the role from her . She is now a real estate broker in Marin County , California and does some voiceover and acting work under the name Robin Kohn Glazer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4a14f99c0471bbc96e617684c28157b0",
"text": "Mel B Melanie Janine Brown ( born 29 May 1975 ) , better known as Mel B or Melanie B , is an English singer , songwriter , presenter , television personality , dancer , actress , author , and model . Brown rose to fame as a member of the girl group the Spice Girls , in which she became known as Scary Spice . Brown is also known for supporting girl power and earlier global tours , which grossed an estimated $ 500 -- 800 million between 1996 and 2000 . Brown began her solo career when she released `` I Want You Back '' with Missy Elliott on Virgin Records . The single charted at number one on the UK Singles Chart , followed by the release of her debut album , Hot ( 2000 ) . The album also saw the release of two top 10 singles `` Tell Me '' and `` Feels So Good '' . L.A. State of Mind was Brown 's second studio album , released in 2005 on the independent label Amber Café , which saw the release of one single , `` Today '' in June that year . In mid-2012 , Brown announced a return to her solo recording career with the release of her third studio album by signing with EMI Music Australia . The scope of the deal with EMI office includes concessions for global partnering with EMI . The first single from the album , `` For Once in My Life '' was released in September 2013 , becoming Brown 's first record to be released after eight years . Since 2000 , Brown has concentrated on a variety of non-singing projects . She became the presenter of shows such as This Is My Moment , Top of the Pops , Party in the Park and The All Star Animal Awards . In September 2007 , she became a contestant on the fifth season of the American dance competition , Dancing with the Stars ; in which she placed runner-up overall partnered with Maksim Chmerkovskiy . Brown returned to television work becoming a judge for the Australian version of The X Factor from 2011 to 2012 , replacing Kyle Sandilands and having previously been a celebrity mentor on the show in 2010 . In June 2012 , she was a guest judge during the Manchester auditions for the ninth series of The X Factor UK , as one of the temporary replacements for Kelly Rowland ; before the role eventually went to Nicole Scherzinger . She later joined The X Factor UK for its eleventh series in 2014 . During this time she became the female co-host for Dancing with the Stars Australia , in which she hosted the twelfth season alongside Daniel MacPherson . However , Brown resigned from the show and did not return for the thirteenth season in 2013 . In February that year , she officially signed on to become one of the four judges for the variety talent show America 's Got Talent , replacing Sharon Osbourne from the eighth season onwards . On 1 February 2014 , she was revealed to be a coach on The Voice Kids in Australia , which aired in mid-2014 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "61e8e4a8b9b1457d239940ed236f0cf7",
"text": "Mickey's Eleven Mickey 's Eleven is a 1927 silent short film in Larry Darmour 's Mickey McGuire series starring a young Mickey Rooney . Directed by Albert Herman , the two-reel short was released to theaters in November 1927 by FBO .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0f04494a7939d2ea79ba20d26f8a29d4",
"text": "Elevens Elevens is a solitaire card game using a standard 52-card deck . Cards are placed in a 3x3 grid , and pairs of cards which add up to eleven ( 5 and 6 ; 4 and 7 ; 3 and 8 ; 2 and 9 ; Ace and 10 ) are covered up ; face cards ( J , Q , K ) may be eliminated in a set of three cards consisting of one Jack , one Queen and one King regardless of suit . If all cards are covered up the game is won ; if there are no more pairs of cards that add up to eleven , and there do not exist a Jack , a Queen , and a King , the game is lost . An individual game of elevens is a game of pure chance , except for the small element of skill involved in spotting the pairs ; the skill and strategic interest comes in not shuffling the cards at the end of each game , but instead collecting them up in order .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "529553877ec4ed10758fe3938e6e9a47",
"text": "The Millie-churian Candidate `` The Millie-churian Candidate '' is the 12th episode of the fifth season of the animated comedy series Bob 's Burgers and the overall 79th episode , and is written by Greg Thompson and directed by Don MacKinnon . It aired on Fox in the United States on February 15 , 2015 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "490689077c4503b83a35af0ece784b92",
"text": "Mrs. Brown (disambiguation) Mrs Brown is a 1997 British drama film . It may also refer to : Mrs. Brown 's Boys , an Irish/British TV sitcom Agnes Browne , a 1999 American/Irish romantic comedy film Anna Gordon ( ballad collector ) , Scottish ballad collector ( 1747 -- 1810 ) `` Mrs. Leroy Brown '' , song from Van Lear Rose",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "05f73564d2a1c81ac54be80dc83bb842",
"text": "Oh Baby Don't You Weep `` Oh Baby Do n't You Weep '' is a song recorded in 1964 by James Brown and The Famous Flames . Based upon the spiritual `` Mary Do n't You Weep '' , it was recorded as an extended-length track and released as the first two-part single of Brown 's recording career . It peaked at # 23 on the Billboard Hot 100 and at # 4 on the Cash Box R&B Chart . ( At the time of the single 's release , Billboard 's R&B singles chart had been temporarily suspended ) . It was the last original song featuring the Famous Flames to chart , not counting the 1964 re-release of `` Please , Please , Please '' and the 1966 B-side release of the Live at the Apollo performance of `` I 'll Go Crazy '' . `` Oh Baby , Do n't You Weep '' was originally issued with dubbed-in audience noise to simulate a live recording and added to the otherwise authentic live album Pure Dynamite : Live At The Royal . The song 's last-minute addition to the album helped make it a hit , propelling it to # 10 on the Billboard album chart . Brown plays the role of the song 's narrator , a man comforting a woman devastated by lost love : The Famous Flames support Brown 's lead vocal with gospel-inspired chants of `` Oh baby , do n't you weep '' . During the course of the song , the theme suddenly changes , as Brown sings of famous entertainers he has met in his travels ( `` I 've got a lot of friends in my business '' ) , and then begins to quote titles of songs recorded by them , such as Jackie Wilson ( `` You Better Stop Dogging Me Around '' ) , Solomon Burke and Wilson Pickett ( `` If You Need Me ... Call Me '' and `` It 's Too Late '' ) , Sam Cooke ( `` You Send Me '' ) Ray Charles ( `` Born To Lose '' ) and Famous Flames member Bobby Byrd 's solo release ( `` I Found Out Now '' ) . `` Oh Baby Do n't You Weep '' was the last new recording Brown made for King Records for over a year . An incident during the recording session in which producer Gene Redd criticized Brown 's piano playing as `` musically incorrect '' brought to a head his disagreements with label owner Syd Nathan and his staff . In response , Brown and Famous Flame Bobby Byrd formed a production company , Fair Deal Record Corporation , and accepted an offer from Mercury Records to release new recordings on their Smash subsidiary . With Brown gone , Nathan resorted to releasing rejected songs and outtakes from earlier recording sessions in the ensuing months . Eventually King 's lawyers took the dispute to court and obtained a ruling preventing Brown from issuing his vocal recordings on other labels . In mid-1965 Brown returned to King to release the hit `` Papa 's Got a Brand New Bag '' . He continued to record instrumentals and produce records for other performers on Smash through 1967 . Despite its hit status , `` Oh Baby Do n't You Weep '' has rarely been heard on radio or reissued since its original 1964 release . It appears on the Roots of a Revolution compilation album and CD in its originally recorded version without the dubbed-in crowd noise , and on the 2007 Hip-O Select release James Brown : The Singles Vol . 2 . It inspired a cover version by Eddie Money .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "beb66ad27483a51dd36e924b76b8c096",
"text": "We're Gonna Make It (Little Milton song) `` We 're Gon na Make It '' is a 1965 R&B single by Little Milton . The single is the only Top 40 entry of his career and his highest charting R&B single , spending three weeks at number one on the U.S. R&B chart . The lyrics of the song offer a civil-rights metaphor , depicting the signs of the time period in which the song was released . The song was later covered by Millie Jackson on her 1982 album Hard Times .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a7d49dfb920c0c1fc983ede6845c9f28",
"text": "Bobby (Bobby Brown album) Bobby is the third studio album by American R&B singer Bobby Brown , released in 1992 by MCA Records . The album continued the R&B / new-jack sound of its successful predecessor , Do n't Be Cruel . Babyface , L.A. Reid , and Daryl Simmons returned as songwriters and producers , however Brown also worked with new producers , most notably Teddy Riley , who was considered a pioneer of the new jack swing genre . Riley also co-wrote and produced the majority of the album . Brown also had more creative input and control of the album , becoming an executive producer and co-writing seven of the album 's thirteen tracks . Bobby peaked at # 2 on the US Billboard 200 album chart , and spawned two Top 10 Billboard Hot 100 singles : `` Humpin ' Around '' ( # 3 ) and `` Good Enough '' ( # 7 ) . The album also peaked at # 1 on the Billboard R&B Albums chart and reached # 2 in Australia . The album included Brown 's first duet with wife Whitney Houston on `` Something in Common '' , which was also released as a single . Bobby generally received mixed reviews from music critics . Brown received his second Grammy nomination for Best Male R&B Vocal Performance at the 35th Annual Grammy Awards for `` Humpin ' Around '' . The album has been certified 2x Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America for shipments of over two million units in the United States .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4d8708b518c378978d93b14e689924da",
"text": "Prime Suspect Prime Suspect is a British police procedural television drama series . It stars Helen Mirren as Jane Tennison , one of the first female Detective Chief Inspectors in Greater London 's Metropolitan Police Service , as she rises to rank of Detective Superintendent whilst confronting the institutionalised sexism that exists within her job .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9a897f181b2a668162c70c67417cc13e",
"text": "Burl Ives Sings Little White Duck and Other Children's Favorites Burl Ives Sings Little White Duck and Other Children 's Favorites is a 12-inch LP album of folk songs for children recorded by Burl Ives ( vocal and guitar ) for Columbia Records between 1949 and 1951 . The label , in 1950 , crafted a `` shared '' 10-inch children 's LP . On side one , Hollywood actor Victor Jory narrated Tubby the Tuba , while side two featured Burl Ives performing seven tunes under the title Animal Fair : Songs for Children . The catalog number was JL 8103 . One year earlier , Animal Fair : Songs for Children had been presented separately on a two-disc 78-rpm set , using as a catalog number MJV 59 . In 1956 , another Ives endeavor for children appeared , containing `` The Little White Duck '' and six other ditties . Part of Columbia 's brief ( 1955 -- 56 ) House Party Series of 10-inch LPs , the album was called Children 's Favorites , affixed with the catalog number CL 2570 . Next , a new collection , expanded to 12 inches , combining these 14 Ives selections and 2 additional ones and entitled Burl Ives Sings Songs for All Ages , was issued by Columbia in 1957 , bearing CL 980 as the catalog number . Two years later , this album was shortened by two tracks , christened with its final title , Burl Ives Sings Little White Duck and Other Children 's Favorites , and reassigned to Columbia 's budget label , Harmony Records , which employed HL 9507 as the catalog number . Being the customary practice in the vinyl marketplace of the 60s , this monaural platter wound up electronically enhanced for stereo , circa 1963 , and given the modified catalog number HS 14507 . Columbia , in 1974 , reissued the LP , again in simulated stereo , with the catalog number C 33183 . At the same time , the label also transferred the album to cassette tape , affixing the catalog number CT 33183 . On November 22 , 1988 , Columbia unveiled the album in CD format , which upgraded the sound quality to digital stereo . Distribution of the disc then was taken over by Sony Wonder on October 3 , 1995 . The 1974 LP cover , later retained for the CD , was designed by Ed Lee and Eloise Smith , with illustrations by Reynolds Ruffin . Currently , the CD is out of print , but it still can be purchased through online music sellers . Moreover , all the album tracks are now available via MP3 downloading .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "15c9406dbc4e3d7de479d8b0bab9e5d3",
"text": "Jane Summerhays Jane Summerhays ( born October 11 , 1944 in Salt Lake City , Utah ) is an American actress known for her work on stage , screen , and film . Her television credits include guest roles on One Life to Live , All My Children , Tales from the Darkside , Working It Out , The Cosby Mysteries , New York News , Law & Order , Sex and the City , and Ed . Summerhays has also appeared in the 2001 film This Train in the role of Love and the 2005 film Backseat as the mother . Summerhays is probably best known for her stage work . She first appeared as a member of the ensemble in the national tour of Nash at Nine in 1975 . She next performed in the original 1976 Laurence Olivier Award winning London production of A Chorus Line as Sheila at the Drury Lane Theatre . In 1978 , Summerhays was cast as Lady Kay Wellington in the national touring production of Oh , Kay ! which included performances at the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts . She then reprised the role the following year at the Royal Alexandra Theatre in Toronto . Later that year Summerhays made her Broadway debut , replacing Kelly Bishop , who originated the part on Broadway , as Sheila in A Chorus Line . In 1979 , she played the role of Jane in the Broadway production of Sugar Babies , replacing actress Ann Jillian who originated the part . Summerhays also was the understudy for the lead role of Ann in the production and got to perform the role on a few occasions . In 1980 , she played the roles of Zelda Fitzgerald and Sylvia Beach in the American Place Theatre 's production of Paris Lights . In 1981 , she performed in a production of Hey , Look Me Over ! at Avery Fisher Hall . In 1983 , Summerhays returned to the Broadway production of A Chorus Line to once again play Sheila . In 1984 , she appeared as Maria in On Approval at the Roundabout Theatre . In 1985 , she played Jane and was the understudy for Ann in the national company tour of Sugar Babies . In 1986 , Summerhays starred as Lady Jaqueline Carstone in the original Broadway production and Me and My Girl for which she received a Drama Desk Award and a Tony Award nomination . She remained with the production for three years . Over the next two decades Summerhays appeared in several more Broadway productions including the roles of Diana in Lend Me a Tenor , Elizabeth in Taking Steps , Cynthia in The Real Inspector Hound , the musical review Dream , Fritzie and Fraulein Kost in Cabaret , and Miss Madelaine True in The Wild Party . Summerhays also appeared in several Off-Broadway and regional theater productions including Sympathy Jones , Camila , Broadway Gypsies , Good News , and Promises , Promises .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "158ef841ab48acc5d13d80ff34d28ea2",
"text": "Patty (Peanuts) Patty is a fictional character featured in the long-running syndicated daily and Sunday comic strip Peanuts , created by Charles M. Schulz . A former major character that turned into a cameo-girl ( due to her supposedly lacking the distinguishing characteristics of characters like Lucy , Linus , or Sally ) , she is often confused with Peppermint Patty , a different and later character from the same strip . Patty is best known as a girl who thinks highly of herself , and because of her self-opinion , she often torments the hapless Charlie Brown . She often accompanies her best friend Violet and sometimes the abrasive Lucy . The character has appeared in numerous Peanuts television specials , cinematic films , theatrical plays , and video games . Patty 's last name was revealed to be `` Swanson '' in the 2015 film The Peanuts Movie , where her full name appears 10th on the list of test scores .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c082addea8ba5942ed8f8c4a30604cc8",
"text": "It's the Easter Beagle, Charlie Brown It 's the Easter Beagle , Charlie Brown ! is the 12th prime-time animated TV special based upon the popular comic strip Peanuts by Charles M. Schulz . It originally debuted on CBS on April 9 , 1974 at 8 p.m. CBS aired it annually from 1974 to 2000 , and from 2001 to 2014 it continued to air in some years on ABC .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7376249f786ec34334d6d9fcb6977f2d",
"text": "Grange Hill (series 11) The eleventh series of the British television drama series Grange Hill began broadcasting on 5 January 1988 , before ending on 11 March 1988 on BBC One . The series follows the lives of the staff and pupils of the eponymous school , an inner-city London comprehensive school . It consists of twenty episodes . An interesting cultural change is apparent from one of the storylines in the early episodes where a boy is driven to school by his mother . ( Other schoolchildren find it strange that he is driven to school and he is bullied because of this ) . Within 20 years the notorious school run had become the norm in the UK with almost all children there being driven to school by their parents .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "daceb32f2205dc5b5802a75a605d55a8",
"text": "Gwyneth Powell Gwyneth Powell ( born 5 July 1946 ) is an English actress who is best known for her portrayal of headmistress Bridget McClusky in the BBC television series Grange Hill for eleven series between 1981 and 1991 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
bd99d23f7524a635d8ecbd4631a2ba21
|
Istanbul is outside of Turkey.
|
[
{
"docid": "9ffda74fdf2c79710459bb29411fba5a",
"text": "Istanbul Istanbul ( -LSB- ˌɪstænˈbʊl -RSB- , -LSB- - ˈbuːl -RSB- or -LSB- - stɑːn - -RSB- İstanbul -LSB- isˈtɑnbuɫ -RSB- ) , historically known as Constantinople and Byzantium , is the most populous city in Turkey and the country 's economic , cultural , and historic center . Istanbul is a transcontinental city in Eurasia , straddling the Bosphorus strait ( which separates Europe and Asia ) between the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea . Its commercial and historical center lies on the European side and about a third of its population lives on the Asian side . The city is the administrative center of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality ( conterminous with Istanbul Province ) , both hosting a population of around 14.7 million residents . Istanbul is one of the world 's most populous cities and ranks as the world 's 7th-largest city proper and the largest European city . Founded under the name of Byzantion on the Sarayburnu promontory around 660 BCE , the city developed to become one of the most significant in history . After its reestablishment as Constantinople in 330 CE , it served as an imperial capital for almost 16 centuries , during the Roman and Byzantine ( 330 -- 1204 and 1261 -- 1453 ) , the Latin ( 1204 -- 1261 ) , and the Ottoman ( 1453 -- 1922 ) empires . It was instrumental in the advancement of Christianity during Roman and Byzantine times , before the Ottomans conquered the city in 1453 and transformed it into an Islamic stronghold and the seat of the Ottoman Caliphate . Istanbul 's strategic position on the historic Silk Road , rail networks to Europe and the Middle East , and the only sea route between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean have produced a cosmopolitan populace , although less so since the establishment of the Turkish Republic in 1923 . Overlooked for the new capital Ankara during the interwar period , the city has since regained much of its prominence . The population of the city has increased tenfold since the 1950s , as migrants from across Anatolia have moved in and city limits have expanded to accommodate them . Arts , music , film , and cultural festivals were established at the end of the 20th century and continue to be hosted by the city today . Infrastructure improvements have produced a complex transportation network . Approximately foreign visitors arrived in Istanbul in 2015 , five years after it was named a European Capital of Culture , making the city the world 's fifth most popular tourist destination . The city 's biggest attraction is its historic center , partially listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site , and its cultural and entertainment hub can be found across the city 's natural harbor , the Golden Horn , in the Beyoğlu district . Considered a global city , Istanbul has one of the fastest-growing metropolitan economies in the world . It hosts the headquarters of many Turkish companies and media outlets and accounts for more than a quarter of the country 's gross domestic product . Hoping to capitalize on its revitalization and rapid expansion , Istanbul has bid for the Summer Olympics five times in twenty years .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "7e7d88a83463733283971c2ef5e5240f",
"text": "Aegean Region The Aegean Region is one of the 7 geographical regions of Turkey . Located in western Turkey , it is bordered by the Aegean Sea , which gives the region its name , to the west , the Marmara Region to the north , the Central Anatolia Region to the east and Mediterranean Region to the south . Among the four coastal regions , the Aegean Region has the longest coastline .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3a123e181dd345066f7f7cac2cf05e80",
"text": "Marmaray Marmaray ( -LSB- ˈmaɾmaˌɾaj -RSB- ) is a partially operational rail transportation project in the Turkish city of Istanbul . It comprises a rail tunnel under the Bosphorus strait , and the modernization of existing suburban railway lines along the Sea of Marmara from Halkalı on the European side to Gebze on the Asian side . The procurement of new rolling stock for suburban passenger traffic is also part of the project . Construction started in 2004 , with an initial target opening date of April 2009 . After multiple delays caused by the discovery of historical and archaeological finds , the first phase of the project opened on October 29 , 2013 . It is the first standard gauge rail connection between Europe and Asia . The second phase of the project was scheduled to open in 2015 , but the work has been stopped and it is unknown when it will be finished . Marmaray is the fourth underground system in Istanbul after Tünel Funicular , Metro and Kabataş -- Taksim Funicular and highly integrated with Metro lines . The name Marmaray comes from combining the name of the Sea of Marmara , which lies just south of the project site , with ray , the Turkish word for rail . The Turkish press has compared it to the Silk Road .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1a3e7b75ea8df1bea57cf4ff7efeaba6",
"text": "Gaziosmanpaşa Gaziosmanpaşa ( -LSB- ɡaːziosˈmanpaʃa -RSB- ; old name : Taşlıtarla ) is a developing working class municipality ( belediye ) and district of Istanbul , Turkey , on its European side . With a population of 400,000 plus , it is one of the most populous districts . In 2009 Gaziosmanpaşa district was divided into three districts : Gaziosmanpaşa , the central ; Sultangazi , the northern part ; and Arnavutköy , the northernmost part . Esenler and Bayrampaşa are at west , Sultangazi is at north and Eyüp is at south and east of district . It was formed from parts of Eyüp and Çatalca districts in 1963 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8810d07c7eb757f08eac388743854749",
"text": "Etiler Etiler is a neighbourhood on the European side of Istanbul , Turkey , in the district of Beşiktaş , close to the business quarters of Levent and Maslak . Etiler is famous for its upmarket cafés , pubs , night clubs , restaurants , gyms , coiffeurs , fashion shops and shopping malls , such as Akmerkez . It is a favourite area among Istanbul 's elite . The quarter also has many villas and private residences . The name Etiler is an older name in Turkish for the Hittites , as it was fashionable in the early years of the Turkish Republic to give the names of ancient Anatolian civilizations to the new districts of Istanbul . A similar example is the neighbouring quarter of Akatlar , which means Akkads , another ancient civilization from the history of Anatolia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2cdb2782c3a2948e1dfb3a8171025bc2",
"text": "Immigration to Turkey Since the 19th century , an exodus by the large portion of Turkish ( Turkic ) and Muslim peoples ( who are termed `` Muhacir '' under a general definition ) from the Balkans ( Balkan Turks , Albanians , Bosniaks , Pomaks ) , Caucasus ( Abkhazians , Ajarians , ` Circassians ' , Chechens ) , Crimea ( Crimean Tatar diaspora ) , Crete ( Cretan Turks ) , took refuge in present-day Turkey and moulded the country 's fundamental features . Trends of immigration towards Turkey continue to this day , although the motives are more varied and are usually in line with the patterns of global immigration movements -- Turkey , for example , receives many economic migrants from nearby countries such as Armenia , the Republic of Moldova , Georgia , Iran , and Azerbaijan , but also from Central Asia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2a0c5841ff5bd648e211151ad7a8d2e8",
"text": "Istanbul Medical Chamber The Istanbul Medical Chamber ( İstanbul Tabip Odası ) is a medical association in Istanbul , Turkey . Founded in 1929 , it is an affiliate of the Turkish Medical Association .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ca10264e9595c776a10ea8aad685bbc3",
"text": "City-state A city-state is a sovereign state that consists of a city and its dependent territories . Historically , this included cities such as Rome , Athens , Carthage , and the Italian city-states during the Renaissance -- but today only a handful of sovereign city-states exist , with some disagreement as to which are city-states . A great deal of consensus exists that the term properly applies to Singapore , Monaco , and Vatican City . A number of other small states share similar characteristics , and therefore are sometimes also cited as modern city-states . Namely , Qatar , Brunei , Kuwait , Bahrain , and Malta , which each have an urban center comprising a significant proportion of the population , though , all have several distinct settlements and a designated or de facto capital city . Occasionally , other small states with high population densities , such as San Marino , are also cited , despite lacking a large urban centre characteristic of traditional city-states . Several non-sovereign cities enjoy a high degree of autonomy , and are sometimes considered city-states . Hong Kong and Macau , along with independent members of the United Arab Emirates , most notably Dubai and Abu Dhabi , are often cited as such .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d7ec31bd4dca9a183135655c6aab5f59",
"text": "List of companies of Cyprus Cyprus is an island country in the Eastern Mediterranean and the third largest and third most populous island in the Mediterranean . It is located south of Turkey , west of Syria and Lebanon , northwest of Israel and Palestine , north of Egypt , and southeast of Greece . Cyprus is a major tourist destination in the Mediterranean . With an advanced , high-income economy and a very high Human Development Index , the Republic of Cyprus has been a member of the Commonwealth since 1961 and was a founding member of the Non-Aligned Movement until it joined the European Union on 1 May 2004 . On 1 January 2008 , the Republic of Cyprus joined the eurozone .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "743f993acd2035466383a5ebef5221d3",
"text": "Culture of Istanbul The culture of Istanbul has its basis in the city that has been the capital of the Byzantine and Ottoman Empires . However , when the Turkish Republic turned its focus away from Istanbul and toward Ankara , the city 's cultural scene throughout the mid-20th century lay relatively stagnant , seeing limited success on the international , and even national , level . The government of the new republic established programs that served to engender Turks toward musical traditions , especially those originating in Europe , but musical institutions and visits by foreign classical artists were primarily centered in the new capital . Although much of Turkey 's culture had its roots in Istanbul , it was not until the 1980s and 1990s that Istanbul reemerged globally as a city whose cultural significance is not solely based on its past glory .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b8ed77dcf3a8a56fd7babbdc4a2a5a1a",
"text": "Continental Europe Continental Europe , also referred to as mainland Europe , or , by Europeans , simply the Continent , is the continuous continent of Europe , excluding surrounding islands . The most common definition of continental Europe excludes continental islands , encompassing the Greek Islands , Cyprus , Malta , Sicily , Sardinia , Corsica , the Balearic Islands , Ireland , Great Britain , the Isle of Man , the Channel Islands , Novaya Zemlya and the Danish archipelago , as well as nearby oceanic islands , including the Canary Islands , Madeira , the Azores , Iceland , the Faroe Islands , and Svalbard . The Scandinavian peninsula is sometimes also excluded , as even though it is technically part of `` mainland Europe '' , the de facto connections to the rest of the continent are across the Baltic Sea or North Sea ( rather than via the lengthy land route that involves travelling to the north of the peninsula where it meets Finland , and then south through north-east Europe ) . The notion of Europe as a geopolitical or cultural term is centred on core Europe ( Kerneuropa ) , the continental territory of the historical Carolingian Empire and the core of Latin Christendom , corresponding to modern France , Italy , Germany ( or German-speaking Europe ) and the Benelux states ( historical Austrasia ) . This historical core of `` Carolingian Europe '' was consciously invoked in the 1950s as the historical ethno-cultural basis for the prospective European integration ( see also Multi-speed Europe ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a249ba97eae693147482716b1edde014",
"text": "List of people from Istanbul This is a list of notable people hailing from the city of Istanbul . Hrant Dink editor of an Armenian newspaper Halide Edip Adıvar , novelist , politician Müjde Ar , actress Oğuz Aral , cartoonist Bülent Arel , music producer Duygu Asena , women 's rights activist Cenk Aydin , businessman Hulusi Behçet , dermatologist Semiha Berksoy , opera singer Orhan Boran , radio and TV host Aydın Boysan Yaşar Büyükanıt , Chief of the Turkish General Staff Eylül Cansın , transgender sex worker Cornelius Castoriadis , Greek-French political philosopher Hakan Celik , journalist , TV anchorman , radio producer Hande Berktan , journalist , TV presenter Nuri Bilge Ceylan , filmmaker Manuel Chrysoloras , Greek academic , diplomat Tansu Çiller , former prime minister Bülent Ecevit , former prime minister Neşe Erberk , Miss Europe 1984 Recep Tayyip Erdoğan , President of Turkey Sertab Erener , singer Ahmet Ertegün , co-founder and executive of Atlantic Records and the New York Cosmos Nesuhi Ertegün , co-founder and executive of Atlantic Records and the New York Cosmos Yonca Evcimik , pop singer Leyla Gencer , opera singer Fatma Girik , actress Gregory V , Greek Patriarch of Constantinople Ara Güler , photographer Tunç Hamarat , correspondence chess world champion 2004 Tunch Ilkin , former American football player , TV anchor Ertuğrul Işınbark , stage magician Nihat Kahveci , football player Elia Kazan , director , producer , screenwriter , novelist Hülya Koçyiğit , actress Fahri Korutürk , former president of Turkey Lefter Küçükandonyadis , football player Mike Lazaridis , founder of Research in Motion Nasuh Mahruki , first Turkish person to summit Mt. Everest Barış Manço , musician Andrew Mango , British author Arif Mardin , music producer Kleanthis Maropoulos , Greek footballer Alexander Mavrocordatos , Greek dragoman to Sultan Mehmed IV Kostas Negrepontis , Greek footballer Aziz Nesin , novelist Marika Nezer , Greek singer Irfan Orga , Turkish Air Force fighter pilot , diplomat , writer Orhan Pamuk , novelist Pekinel sisters , twin pianists Ajda Pekkan , singer Athinodoros Prousalis , Greek actor Nicola Rossi-Lemeni , opera singer Alexandros Soutsos , Greek poet and partisan Haldun Taner , playwright Hidayet Türkoğlu , basketball player Orhan Veli , poet Stavros Xenidis , Greek actor Hamza Yerlikaya , wrestler and Olympic gold medalist Cem Yilmaz , stand-up comedian , actor Alexander Ypsilantis ( senior ) , Greek diplomat Alexander Ypsilantis ( junior ) , Greek military commander Constantine Ypsilantis , Greek revolutionary",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9d941fa3a8a268f3d0facd480509c13c",
"text": "Yenikapı Yenikapı ( -LSB- jenikapɯ -RSB- ) is a port and a quarter in Istanbul , Turkey , in the metropolitan district of Fatih on the European side of the Bosphorus and along the southern shore of the city 's historically central peninsula . Yenikapı is notable for the ongoing excavations on its Byzantine port discovered in 2004 . This has become one of the largest investigations in Europe , because of the size and the number of the shipwrecks found since the initial discovery , and the large number of associated artefacts . The commercial harbor , called the Harbour of Theodosius , in use between the 5th and the 10th centuries , was an alternative to Constantinople 's traditional berths situated along the inlet of the Golden Horn .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e6e8398982b011eba7029311265ffeb8",
"text": "2016 Turkish coup d'état attempt On 15 July 2016 , an alleged coup d'état was attempted in Turkey against state institutions , including , but not limited to the government and President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan . The attempt was carried out by a faction within the Turkish Armed Forces that organized themselves as the Peace at Home Council . They attempted to seize control of several key places in Ankara , Istanbul , and elsewhere , but failed to do so after forces loyal to the state defeated them . The Council cited an erosion of secularism , elimination of democratic rule , disregard for human rights , and Turkey 's loss of credibility in the international arena as reasons for the coup . The government accused the coup leaders of being linked to the Gülen movement , which is designated as a terrorist organization by the Republic of Turkey and led by Fethullah Gülen , a Turkish businessman and cleric who lives in Pennsylvania . Erdoğan accuses Gülen of being behind the coup -- a claim that Gülen denies -- and accused the United States of harboring him . Gülen has suggested the coup was in fact a `` self-coup '' carried out by Erdogan to consolidate his grip on power , a belief shared among some analysts and many Turks . Events surrounding the coup attempt and the purges in its aftermath reflect a complex power struggle between Islamist elites in Turkey . During the coup , over 300 people were killed and more than 2,100 were injured . Many government buildings , including the Turkish Parliament and the Presidential Palace , were bombed from the air . Mass arrests followed , with at least 40,000 detained , including at least 10,000 soldiers and , for reasons that remain unclear , 2,745 judges . 15,000 education staff were also suspended and the licenses of 21,000 teachers working at private institutions were revoked as well after the government alleged they were loyal to Gülen . More than 100,000 people have been arrested or fired from their jobs , on accusations of connections to Gülen . Reactions to the event were largely against the coup attempt , both domestically and internationally . The main opposition parties in Turkey condemned the attempt , while several international leaders -- such as those from the United States , NATO , the European Union , and other neighboring countries -- called for `` respect of the democratic institutions in Turkey and its elected officials . '' International organizations expressed themselves against the coup as well . The United Nations Security Council , however , did not denounce the coup after disagreements over the phrasing of a statement . President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan accused the head of United States Central Command , chief General Joseph Votel of `` siding with coup plotters '' , after Votel accused the Turkish government of arresting the Pentagon 's contacts in Turkey . In March 2017 , Germany 's intelligence chief said Germany was unconvinced by Erdoğan 's claim that Fethullah Gulen was behind the failed coup . Also in March , the British Parliament 's Foreign Affairs Committee said some Gulenists were involved in coup d'état attempt but found no hard evidence that Fethullah Gülen masterminded the failed coup and found no evidence to justify the UK designating the Gülen movement as a `` terrorist organization '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "15de9e22905278dfa8df629315d8642c",
"text": "Bahçelievler Bahçelievler ( meaning `` houses with gardens '' in Turkish ) is a large middle class residential suburb of Istanbul , Turkey , on the European side of the city . It is accessible from the E-5 Highway that runs from the Istanbul airport to the Asian side of the city , covers 5 % of Istanbul 's land area and is home to over 570,000 people . Bahçelievler is the northern neighbour of Bakırköy , with a similar area .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1e07c2c003bae1d309590f2d65d47dbd",
"text": "Sultanbeyli Sultanbeyli ( -LSB- sulˈtanbejli -RSB- ) is a working class suburb of Istanbul , Turkey on the Asian side , inland from Kartal and Pendik . It has a population of 298,143 as of 2011 , more than triple the 1990 figure of 82,298 . The mayor is Hüseyin Keskin of the AKP . Its neighbours are Sancaktepe from west , Pendik from east and Kartal from northwest .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dd05317718fc9f6c117970917b3108a5",
"text": "Ankara Province Ankara Province ( -LSB- ) is the capital province of Turkey .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9948f557dd3d16152c4511e083bdb48a",
"text": "India–Turkey relations India -- Turkey relations refer to foreign relations between India and Turkey . Since the establishment of diplomatic relations between India and Turkey in 1948 , political and bilateral relations have been usually characterised by warmth and cordiality . India and Turkey are both secular democracies , based on ethnic , religious and linguistic plurality . India has an embassy in Ankara and a consulate -- general in Istanbul . Turkey has an embassy in New Delhi and a consulate-general in Mumbai . As of 2015 , the bilateral trade between India & Turkey stood at US$ 6.26 billion & is heavily tilted in India 's favour .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f9d48d985efd23d834bd06b85ba7767d",
"text": "Kurdish rebellions in Turkey Kurdish rebellions in Turkey refer to Kurdish nationalist uprisings in Turkey , beginning with the Turkish War of Independence and the consequent transition from the Ottoman Empire into the modern Turkish state and lasting until present with the ongoing Kurdish-Turkish conflict . According to Ottoman military records , Kurdish rebellions have been taking place in Anatolia for over two centuries , While tribal Kurdish revolts had shuttered the Ottoman Empire through the last decades of its existence , the conflict in its modern phase is considered to have begun in 1922 , with the emergence of Kurdish nationalism in parallel with the formation of the modern State of Turkey . In 1925 , an uprising for an independent Kurdistan , led by Shaikh Said Piran , was put down quickly , and Said and 36 of his followers were executed soon thereafter . Several other large scale Kurdish revolts occurred in Ararat and Dersim in 1930 and 1937 . The British consul at Trebizond , the diplomatic post closest to Dersim , spoke of brutal and indiscriminate violence and made an explicit comparison with the Armenian massacres of 1915 . `` Thousands of Kurds , '' he wrote , `` including women and children , were slain ; others , mostly children , were thrown into the Euphrates ; while thousands of others in less hostile areas , who had first been deprived of their cattle and other belongings , were deported to vilayets ( provinces ) in Central Anatolia . It is now stated that the Kurdish question no longer exists in Turkey . '' Kurds accuse successive Turkish governments of suppressing their identity through such means as the banning of Kurdish language in print and media . Atatürk believed the unity and stability of a country lay in a unitary political identity , relegating cultural and ethnic distinctions to the private sphere . However , many Kurds did not relinquish their identities and language . Large-scale armed conflict between the Turkish armed forces and the Kurdistan Workers ' Party ( PKK ) occurred throughout the 1980s and 1990s , leaving over 35,000 dead . Recent moves by the Turkish government have provided Kurds with limited rights and freedoms , particularly in regards to the Kurdish language , education , and media . Kurdish politicians and activists still face pressure .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2635d6e5e9835c51d5cf31d4639872ff",
"text": "North Africa North Africa is the term given to a group of Mediterranean countries situated in the northern-most region of the African continent . The term `` North Africa '' has no single accepted definition . It is sometimes defined as stretching from the Atlantic shores of Morocco in the west , to the Suez Canal and the Red Sea in the east . Others have limited it to the countries of Morocco , Algeria , and Tunisia , a region known by the French during colonial times as `` Afrique du Nord '' and by the Arabs as the Maghreb ( `` West '' ) . The most commonly accepted definition includes Morocco , Algeria , and Tunisia , as well as Libya and Egypt , It should be noted however that the term `` North Africa '' , when commonly used in North Africa and the Middle East , often refers only to the countries of the Maghreb and Libya . Egypt , due to its greater Middle Eastern associations , is typically viewed separately . The countries of North Africa share a common ethnic , cultural and linguistic identity that is unique to this region . North west Africa has been inhabited by Berbers since the beginning of recorded history , while the eastern part of North Africa has been home to the Egyptians . Following the Muslim conquest in the seventh century C.E. , the region underwent a process of Arabization and Islamization that has defined its cultural landscape ever since . The distinction between North Africa and much of Sub-Saharan Africa is historically and ecologically significant because of the effective barrier created by the Sahara Desert for much of modern history . From 3500 BC , following the abrupt desertification of the Sahara due to gradual changes in the Earth 's orbit , this barrier has culturally separated the North from the rest of the continent . As the seafaring civilizations of the Phoenicians , Greeks , Romans , Muslims and others facilitated communication and migration across the Mediterranean Sea , the cultures of North Africa became much more closely tied to Southwestern Asia and Europe than Sub-Saharan Africa . The Islamic influence in the area is also significant , and North Africa is a major part of the Muslim world . Some researchers have postulated that North Africa rather than East Africa served as the exit point for the modern humans who first trekked out of the continent in the Out of Africa migration .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "75070cb0444dbd98d3f79b2ff06b4fe3",
"text": "List of mosques in Istanbul Istanbul , as the capital of the Ottoman Empire since 1453 and the largest city in the Middle East , contains a great number of mosques . In 2007 , there were 2,944 active mosques in Istanbul .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
dabe05a401e84865ce59b52eafd49f2e
|
There is a film called Sunburn.
|
[
{
"docid": "52586d1d4af15630cc44ea92183dc721",
"text": "Sunburn (film) Sunburn is a 1979 British-American comedy film directed by Richard C. Sarafian and written by James Booth , John Daly and Stephen Oliver . It is based on the novel The Bind by Stanley Ellin . The film stars Farrah Fawcett , Charles Grodin , Art Carney , Joan Collins , William Daniels and John Hillerman . The film was released on August 10 , 1979 , by Paramount Pictures .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "b02ca9b9186714ec9e6fad281ace7cf3",
"text": "Scummy Man Scummy Man is a short film , written and directed by Paul Fraser and produced by Mark Herbert and Diarmid Scrimshaw , based on the song `` When the Sun Goes Down '' by the Arctic Monkeys , and released on DVD on 10 April 2006 by Domino Records . The film , like the song , focuses on prostitution in Sheffield , and uses the same actors as the music video to document a night in the life of the fictional ` Nina ' , a 15-year-old drug addict who works as a prostitute in the Neepsend district . The film stars Lauren Socha as ` Nina ' and Stephen Graham as George , known by the nickname of ` Scummy Man ' , a violent and manipulative ` customer ' of ` Nina 's , who attacks and intimidates both ` Nina ' and those who try to help her escape prostitution , such as a magician who offers her a job as his assistant in his act . The magician becomes a victim of the Scummy Man 's behaviour but is not without his own flaws , as the film-maker begs if anyone is really inherently good . In order to achieve a documentary feel for the footage , the film was shot in 16 mm film by Danny Cohen . The DVD includes an extra film titled Just Another Day , which is more hopeful and upbeat in tone , and focuses on how every day events , such as being offered a lift by a taxicab driver , present opportunity and hope for her future . Just Another Day depicts the same chain of events , but from the perspective of the taxi driver who brings the Scummy Man to Nina , who takes pity on her as she reminds him of his own daughter who died young and would have been the same age as Nina were she still alive . The name of the film comes from a line in `` When the Sun Goes Down '' , describing the `` customer '' of the girl featured in the song , The film won an award for `` Best Music DVD '' at the 2007 NME Awards on 1 March 2007 . The only band member to appear in the film is Matt Helders . He is offered oral sex by Nina at the beginning of the film , but turns it down , saying he is going to band practice . Besides this , Helders and Alex Turner are seen carrying musical equipment through a gate in the credits of Just Another Day , but they do not feature in the film itself .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "da95d9a7b11cc3c0ebb2722893e54c46",
"text": "Summer (2011 film) Summer ( Verano ) is a 2011 Chilean drama film written and directed by José Luis Torres Leiva .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e6d81dcbc54dacdd0a73bef220627f32",
"text": "I Saw the Sun I Saw the Sun ( Güneşi Gördüm ) is a 2009 Turkish drama film , written and directed by Mahsun Kırmızıgül , which tells of a Kurdish family who are forced from their village in southeastern Turkey by the conflict there . The film , which was released on , was one of the highest grossing Turkish films of 2009 , prompting its re-release on . The film was Turkey 's official submission for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film at the 82nd Academy Awards , but it was not nominated .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c75f28c2f8c83e3c254091c61ccbc2ce",
"text": "Slow Burn Slow Burn or Slowburn may refer to :",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9cb6dd073e48ef978677c05a96618cfd",
"text": "Burning Man (film) Burning Man is a 2011 Australian drama film written and directed by Jonathan Teplitzky .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0316b0fb7bac12597d6df01a618933c7",
"text": "Meltdown: Days of Destruction Meltdown : Days of Destruction is a 2006 television film . It primarily concerns social breakdown , combat , and personal relationships during a heat wave of 110-140 degrees Fahrenheit .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d1ff47a8c799c504309a0704054e4314",
"text": "The Endless Summer II The Endless Summer II is a 1994 film directed by Bruce Brown and is a sequel to his 1966 film The Endless Summer . In The Endless Summer II , surfers Pat O'Connell and Robert `` Wingnut '' Weaver retrace the steps of Mike Hynson and Robert August . It shows the growth and evolution of the surfing scene since the first film , which presented only classic longboard surfing . O'Connell rides a shortboard , which was developed in the time between the two movies , and there are scenes of windsurfing and bodyboarding . The film illustrates how far surfing had spread , with footage of surf sessions in France , South Africa , Costa Rica , Australia , Bali , Java , and even Alaska . It also has a brief cameo appearance by morey surfer Felipe Zylbersztajn , Steve Irwin , and Mary , a crocodile from Irwin 's Australia Zoo . In 2003 , Dana Brown , Bruce 's son , made what is seen as the `` third movie '' , Step Into Liquid . It follows the evolution of surfing over the last 10 -- 15 years from shortboarding to tow-in surfing .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0b3ad3bec5555866c8bdd1f949d59c61",
"text": "Heartburn (novel) Heartburn is an autobiographical novel based on Nora Ephron 's life story about her marriage to and divorce from Carl Bernstein , her second husband . Originally published in 1983 , the novel largely focuses on his affair with Margaret Jay , the daughter of former British Prime Minister James Callaghan . Ephron also wrote the screenplay for the film based on the novel starring Meryl Streep and Jack Nicholson . The novel is a vivid depiction of the breakdown of a marriage . Its strong autobiographical content provides insight into one of the `` power couples '' of the late 1970s . It is Nora Ephron 's first published novel but in it she mentions subjects that she would go on to feature in future work such as When Harry Met Sally and Julie & Julia . The narrator of the novel is Rachel Samstat , a food writer who is married to Mark Feldman , a political journalist . Rachel is a Jewish New Yorker who has moved to Washington , D.C. , to support her husband 's career . They have one son and Rachel is pregnant with their second child as the book begins . The book wittily describes the life of an upper middle class intellectual couple replete with neuroses -- Rachel is in group therapy , Mark agonizes over the mystifying disappearance of his socks . Threaded through the whole are recipes and anecdotes which drive the story along and humanize Samstat . In a New Yorker piece on novels that include recipes , Adam Gopnik writes , `` in Heartburn , the recipes serve both as a joke about what a food writer writing a novel would write and as a joke on novel-writing itself by someone who anticipates that she will not be treated as a ` real ' novelist . '' Rachel 's self-esteem takes a huge battering as Mark has an affair with Thelma Rice ( Margaret Jay ) and she takes her revenge by telling the Washington grapevine that Thelma has a venereal disease . The diamond engagement ring that is stolen from Rachel when she is at group therapy is pivotal to the plot . Remarkably she gets it back when the police catch the robber . The stone is loose in its setting and she takes it back to the `` family '' jeweler to get it fixed . Here she discovers that while she had been in the hospital giving birth , Mark had bought an expensive necklace for his lover Thelma . She sells the ring and the money enables her to go back to New York and start afresh .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e41d83792c544bdcd7d9e6ce1893f30a",
"text": "Dorjee Sun Dorjee Sun ( born 1977 ) is a social entrepreneur and LGBT rights activist based in Singapore . His work for Carbon Conservation was the subject of the international feature documentary The Burning Season in 2008 . He currently serves as Director of Who Gives , Carbon Agro , and Carbon Conservation . Sun was born to a Chinese father and a Tibetan mother from Darjeeling in Sydney , Australia . He grew up in northern Sydney and attended North Sydney Boys High School . He graduated from a combined Bachelor of Commerce , Bachelor of Law , and Dip . Asian Studies ( Mandarin ) in 2001 from the University of New South Wales . During his studies he spent two years on scholarship in Beijing , China , studying Chinese language and law at Peking University . Sun is the founder of a recruitment software company , as well as an award-winning education company that has mentored more than 25,000 students in Sydney and Melbourne . With an interest in marketing and social media software , Sun started VirtualVillager.com , a software company that builds virtual villages for businesses and governments . He has served as a University of Melbourne Asialink Asia Australia Leader , Youth Chair of the Ethnic Communities Council at both national and state levels , University Law Society President , and as a member of the Education Technology Advisory Board . The Burning Season looks at the problems of deforestation in Indonesia , issues and challenges from the farmer 's perspective , the plight of the orangutans , and Sun on his quest to find a business solution . It follows him as he tries to convince potential investors from eBay , Starbucks , and Merrill Lynch to invest in a carbon trading solution that will help avoid deforestation in Indonesia while at the same time provide a living for locals . In 2009 , the African Rainforest Conservancy named a newly discovered species of blue spotted chameleon from the rainforests of Tanzania after Sun . The species was named Kinyongia dorjeesuni . This species , however , is not recognized by taxonomic authorities and critics consider the species a nomen nudum , as it fails to conform by Article 13 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature , which requires a formal species description stating those characteristics that are purported to differentiate the taxon . Time Magazine recognised Sun as one of the Heroes of the Environment ( 2009 ) for his work as a carbon-trade broker . In addition , Sun won Environmental Finance 's `` Carbon Finance Deal of the Year '' award in 2008 , and in April 2009 he was honored by the African Rainforest Conservancy for his work . In May of the same year , Sun was named as one of ten young leaders who have demonstrated the ability to come up with fresh ideas , directions , and solutions in the Weekend Australian Magazine 's Next 100 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "64daf635e0704799258b62ebaea7c666",
"text": "Art film An art film is typically a serious , independent film aimed at a niche market rather than a mass market audience . An art film is `` intended to be a serious artistic work , often experimental and not designed for mass appeal '' ; they are `` made primarily for aesthetic reasons rather than commercial profit '' , and they contain `` unconventional or highly symbolic content '' . Film critics and film studies scholars typically define an art film as possessing `` formal qualities that mark them as different from mainstream Hollywood films '' , which can include , among other elements , a sense of social realism ; an emphasis on the authorial expressiveness of the director ; and a focus on the thoughts , dreams , or motivations of characters , as opposed to the unfolding of a clear , goal-driven story . Film scholar David Bordwell describes art cinema as `` a film genre , with its own distinct conventions '' . Art film producers usually present their films at specialty theatres ( repertory cinemas , or , in the U.S. , `` arthouse cinemas '' ) and film festivals . The term art film is much more widely used in the United States , the UK and Australia than in Europe , where the term is more associated with `` auteur '' films and `` national cinema '' ( e.g. , German national cinema ) . Because they are aimed at small niche market audiences , they can rarely get the financial backing that will permit large production budgets , expensive special effects , costly celebrity actors , or huge advertising campaigns , as are used in widely released mainstream blockbuster films . Art film directors make up for these constraints by creating a different type of film , which typically uses lesser-known film actors ( or even amateur actors ) and modest sets to make films that focus much more on developing ideas or exploring new narrative techniques or film-making conventions . A certain degree of experience and knowledge are required to fully understand or appreciate such films . One mid-1990s art film was called `` largely a cerebral experience '' that one enjoys `` because of what you know about film '' . This contrasts sharply with mainstream `` blockbuster '' films , which are geared more towards escapism and pure entertainment . For promotion , art films rely on the publicity generated from film critics ' reviews , discussion of their film by arts columnists , commentators and bloggers , and `` word-of-mouth '' promotion by audience members . Since art films have small initial investment costs , they only need to appeal to a small portion of the mainstream viewing audiences to become financially viable .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ecb9be847649ebe6aa72403228ed04e5",
"text": "An American Mosque __ NOTOC __ An American Mosque is a 2012 documentary produced by filmmaker David Washburn which first aired nationwide in the United States on July 11 , 2015 on PBS . It tells the story of the destruction by arson of a just-completed mosque , the Islamic Center of Yuba City , in rural California in 1994 . And it tells of its community and of its eventual rebuilding by Muslims joined by Sikhs , Mormons , other Christians and others of different faiths . BeliefNet called it `` a poignant story of hope and solidarity , in spite of hate , '' and suggested it gives a `` raw , yet honest reflection of life as a Muslim in America . '' The arson was the first hate-crime destroying a mosque in U.S. history . The Islamic Center had just been completed at an estimated cost of $ 1.8 million plus sweat equity of the Muslims of its rural community , including descendants of Pakistani who immigrated to the area 1902 . A fire marshal established that the blaze was started deliberately . Law enforcement reportedly were able to identify the probable perpetrator ( s ) of the crime but lacked sufficient evidence to name and prosecute them . The incident , seven years before 9/11 , attracted relatively little attention at the time , and this is suggested to have contributed to the failure of law enforcement to solve the crime . The documentary includes interviews of Muslim members of the mosque , law enforcement officers , and others in the community 20 years later . The replacement mosque was completed in 2000 . IMDB describes the film succinctly as : The film was to be screened and discussed at `` Neighbor to Neighbor '' , an East Bay partnership of Christian , Muslim and Jewish organizations , in an event including filmmaker Washburn . The artist promoting the event noted that Washburn considered gatherings like that to be important for being proactive rather than reactive : `` Although recent events like the terrorist killings in Paris and ongoing extremism by groups like ISIS , Boko Haram and al-Qaida cast dark shadows , Washburn said -LSB- by -RSB- reflecting on Islam in America , the focus of his documentary , the program will create a safe space where fears and frustrations can be shared . '' Washburn has elsewhere spoken of the timeliness of the film . The film premiered on TV on PBS TV in New York City in June 2014 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "61f974090b5659b23ae509454d9ab450",
"text": "Sunbather (album) Sunbather is the second studio album by the American metal band Deafheaven . After the release of their debut record Roads to Judah , the then two piece group consisting of George Clarke and Kerry McCoy began work on Sunbather under the label Deathwish and recorded in several days in January 2013 . The recording process brought a third member into the fold with drummer Dan Tracy who would go on to become a permanent fixture of the band . The album was recorded in The Atomic Garden Recording Studio , owned by Jack Shirley who had been a long time producer of the band . Although Deafheaven had been strongly influenced by black metal as well as diverse other metal acts , their music drew comparisons from music critics to shoegaze , post-rock , and alternative rock sounds . This trend was further continued on Sunbather . The melancholic songs featured in the album include wall of sound arrangements that are found in many shoegazing and post-rock acts , producing dense sounds that sometimes breakdown into slower , melodic parts that are then topped with vocalist George Clarke 's reverb-soaked screaming style singing of lyrics . The album also contains a few interludes that include sampling , field recording , and droning . Sunbather was released in June 2013 and received universal critical acclaim , with Metacritic acknowledging it as `` the best-reviewed major album '' of the year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3d2188ea73e2e4caa276c92283300073",
"text": "Run for the Sun Run for the Sun is a 1956 Technicolor thriller adventure film released by United Artists , the third film to officially be based on Richard Connell 's classic suspense story , `` The Most Dangerous Game '' , after both RKO 's The Most Dangerous Game ( 1932 ) , and their remake , A Game of Death ( 1945 ) . This version stars Richard Widmark , Trevor Howard , and Jane Greer , and was directed by Ray Boulting from a script written by Boulting and Dudley Nichols . Connell was credited for his short story . Howard is the wealthy reclusive man who enjoys hunting down human beings like wild game . In this adaptation , the expatriate Russian general is transformed into a British traitor hiding in the Mexican jungle with a fellow Nazi war criminal played by Peter van Eyck . Their prey are Widmark , portraying a Hemingway-like but reclusive novelist , and Greer , playing a journalist for a periodical resembling Life Magazine who has tracked down the novelist 's whereabouts .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b3c95d6b6f0e5fc404bce953042aa238",
"text": "Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film . The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "880eb377554c85df414a0e18725fcdfd",
"text": "The Endless Summer The Endless Summer is a seminal 1966 surf movie ( the initial release was in 1964 , world-wide release was 1966 ) . Filmmaker/narrator Bruce Brown follows two surfers , Mike Hynson and Robert August , on a surfing trip around the world . Despite the balmy climate of their native California , cold ocean currents make local beaches inhospitable during the winter . They travel to the coasts of Australia , New Zealand , Tahiti , Hawaii , Senegal , Ghana , Nigeria and South Africa in a quest for new surf spots and introduce locals to the sport . Other important surfers of the time , such as Miki Dora , Phil Edwards and Butch Van Artsdalen also appear . Its title comes from the idea , expressed at both the beginning and end of the film , that if one had enough time and money it would be possible to follow the summer up and down the world ( northern to southern hemisphere and back ) , making it endless . The concept of the film was born through the suggestion of a travel agent to Bruce Brown during the planning stages of the film . The travel agent suggested that the flight from Los Angeles to Cape Town , South Africa and back would cost $ 50 more than a trip circumnavigating the world . After which , Bruce came up with the idea of following the summer season by traveling up and down the world . The narrative presentation eases from the stiff and formal documentary of the 1950s and early 1960s to a more casual and fun-loving personal style filled with sly humor . The surf rock soundtrack to the film was provided by The Sandals . The `` Theme to the Endless Summer '' was written by Gaston Georis and John Blakeley of the Sandals . It has become one of the best known film themes in the surf movie genre . When the movie was first shown , it encouraged many surfers to go abroad , giving birth to the `` surf-and-travel '' culture , with prizes for finding `` uncrowded surf '' , meeting new people and riding the perfect wave . It also introduced the sport , which had become popular outside of Hawaii and the Polynesian Islands in places like California and Australia , to a broader audience . In addition , it set the style for later surf-and-travel movies , including Momentum , ( These Are ) Better Days , and Thicker Than Water .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bf47bc150835c2f5bd4d0b58f6d4427d",
"text": "Sunstroke (disambiguation) Sunstroke or heat illness is a spectrum of disorders due to environmental heat exposure . Sunstroke may also refer to : Sunstroke ( comics ) , a Marvel Comics supervillain Sunstroke ( 1953 film ) , a 1953 Danish film Sunstroke ( 2014 film ) , a Russian film directed by Nikita Mikhalkov SunStroke Project , a Moldovan musical group known for representing Moldova in Eurovision Song Contest 2010",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fddff19ac1068b5226e0b5f2075a65cf",
"text": "List of teen films Teen film is a film genre targeted at teenagers and young adults in which the plot is based upon the special interests of teenagers and young adults , such as coming of age , first love , rebellion , conflict with parents , teen angst , and alienation . Some of these films are targeted at adults as well as teenagers . Teen films have been a trope of the cinema industry for decades since the 1950s . At this time , the film industry saw a greater market for teens with more disposable income and therefore more money to spend on leisure activities , largely going to films . Because of the boom in teen viewers , drive-in movie theaters were also very popular . However , even the silent era had teen films . Recently , online streaming services such as Netflix have created a resurgence in the `` tween '' and teenage-oriented film .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b3bfbb35eeecc286c31dfc2bf9ab574b",
"text": "Combat Shock Combat Shock is a 1986 action war drama film written and directed by Buddy Giovinazzo and distributed by Troma Entertainment . The plot of the film takes place in Staten Island , and follows an unemployed Vietnam veteran living in total poverty with his nagging wife , his deformed baby due to Ricky having been exposed to Agent Orange that the US was spraying as a defoliant over Vietnam , and junkie friends . Unable to get a job and surrounded by the depravity of urban life and crime , he begins to lose his grip on sanity . The film received mixed reviews when it was released . Film Threat 's Christopher Curry praised the film for its gritty realism , and Troma president Lloyd Kaufman calls it one of the company 's true `` masterpieces '' ; however , shockcinemamagazine.com called it `` one of the ugliest , nastiest , most depressing movies of the decade '' ( though the review itself was a positive one ) , and Videohound described the film as `` relentlessly bleak ... you wo n't find a more depressing film outside an art-house cinema '' . Tagline : Fighting , killing , maiming ... Agent Orange and the torture cages were the easy part !",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "697580c81479770dc6c70a31e36dd7f8",
"text": "B movie A B movie is a low-budget commercial movie , but one that is not an arthouse film . In its original usage , during the Golden Age of Hollywood , the term more precisely identified films intended for distribution as the less-publicized bottom half of a double feature . Although the U.S. production of movies intended as second features largely ceased by the end of the 1950s , the term B movie continues to be used in the broader sense it maintains today . In its post -- Golden Age usage , there is ambiguity on both sides of the definition : on the one hand , the primary interest of many inexpensive exploitation films is prurient ; on the other , many B movies display a high degree of craft and aesthetic ingenuity . In either usage , most B movies represent a particular genre -- the Western was a Golden Age B movie staple , while low-budget science-fiction and horror films became more popular in the 1950s . Early B movies were often part of series in which the star repeatedly played the same character . Almost always shorter than the top-billed films they were paired with , many had running times of 70 minutes or less . The term connoted a general perception that B movies were inferior to the more handsomely budgeted headliners ; individual B films were often ignored by critics . Latter-day B movies still sometimes inspire multiple sequels , but series are less common . As the average running time of top-of-the-line films increased , so did that of B pictures . In its current usage , the term has somewhat contradictory connotations : it may signal an opinion that a certain movie is ( a ) a genre film with minimal artistic ambitions or ( b ) a lively , energetic film uninhibited by the constraints imposed on more expensive projects and unburdened by the conventions of putatively `` serious '' independent film . The term is also now used loosely to refer to some higher-budgeted , mainstream films with exploitation-style content , usually in genres traditionally associated with the B movie . From their beginnings to the present day , B movies have provided opportunities both for those coming up in the profession and others whose careers are waning . Celebrated filmmakers such as Anthony Mann and Jonathan Demme learned their craft in B movies . They are where actors such as John Wayne and Jack Nicholson first became established , and they have provided work for former A movie actors , such as Vincent Price and Karen Black . Some actors , such as Bela Lugosi , Eddie Constantine and Pam Grier , worked in B movies for most of their careers . The term B actor is sometimes used to refer to a performer who finds work primarily or exclusively in B pictures .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bcf0bde025d3b043178b4fe9ebd3ac0d",
"text": "Blonde Cobra Blonde Cobra is a 1963 short film directed by experimental filmmaker Ken Jacobs . Footage for the unique and at the time controversial film was shot by Bob Flieshner . Marc Siegel in the book 1001 Movies You Must See Before You Die states that the 33 minute film is `` generally considered to be one of the masterpieces of the New York underground film scene , and that it is a `` fascinating audio-visual testament to the tragicomic performance of the inimitable Jack Smith '' , who was a photographer and filmmaker and `` queer muse '' in New York avant-garde art in the 1960s and 1970s . The film captures Smith wearing dresses and makeup , playing with dolls , and smoking marijuana . Paul Arthur writes that the film contains `` dizzying quasi-autobiographical rants '' which spin on sadism , and that like Jacobs ' Little Stabs At Happiness , it contains `` languid improvisations studded with the bare bones of narrative incident or , more accurately , its collapse '' . The film contains Smith droning and singing and wildly cooing and cackling in parts of the film . The `` lonely little boy '' episode about a little boy living in a large house with 10 rooms has been cited as being `` potentially repugnant to many viewers '' because of its exploration of sadism against children and childhood sexuality . In this episode the narrator confesses to have `` blown up the penis '' of a 7-year-old boy with a match . The film contains numerous other elements which were shocking at the time of release such as references to necrophilia , the use of the word `` cunt '' , the confession of a nun ( impersonated in a posh high-pitched voice by Smith ) to lesbianism , the holding of a giant would-be dildo , and a portrayal of tranvestites . The film features quotes such as `` Why shave when I ca n't think of a reason for living '' and `` life is a sad business '' , quoting Greta Garbo . `` Let 's Call the Whole Thing Off '' is then played , described as a `` burlesque rendering '' of Robert Siodmak 's 1944 film Cobra Woman . The last scene captures Smith stabbing a man in the chest . Hilary Radner and Moya Luckett consider the film to be a camp portrayal of Rose Hobart .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
50b3bd838ccdf3f28283ffdac4b4eac8
|
A loss of supply affects prime ministers to the point of resignation.
|
[
{
"docid": "5883664889ea9ae82f86b39d9135787e",
"text": "Loss of supply Loss of supply occurs where a government in a parliamentary democracy using the Westminster System or a system derived from it is denied a supply of treasury or exchequer funds , by whichever house or houses of parliament or head of state is constitutionally entitled to grant and deny supply . A defeat on a budgetary vote is one such way by which supply can be denied . Loss of supply is typically interpreted as indicating a loss of confidence in the government . Not all `` money bills '' are necessarily supply bills . For instance , in Australia , supply bills are defined as `` bills which are required by the Government to carry on its day-to-day business '' . When a loss of supply occurs , a prime minister is generally required either by constitutional convention or by explicit constitutional instruction to either resign immediately or seek a parliamentary dissolution . Some constitutions , however , do not allow the option of parliamentary dissolution but rather require the government to be dissolved or to resign . A similar deadlock can occur within a presidential system , where it is also known as a budget crisis . In contrast to parliamentary systems , the failure of the legislature to authorize spending may not in all circumstances result in an election , because some such legislatures enjoy fixed terms and so can not be dissolved before a date of termination , which can result in a prolonged crisis . A deadlock between a head of state and the legislative body can give rise and cause for a head of state to prematurely dismiss the elected government , requiring it to seek re-election . If a government maintains the support of a majority of legislators or the elected parliamentary representatives , the blocking of supply by a head of state would be seen as an abuse of authority and power . Many western countries have removed or restricted the right of a head of state to block supply or veto a government budget unless there is overwhelming justification and cause for such action .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "c0f4e022c28ee102c6d8f50a629f3f49",
"text": "Dissolution of parliament In parliamentary and some semi-presidential systems , a dissolution of parliament is the dispersal of a legislature at the call of an election . Usually a legislature in such a system must be dissolved on the expiration of a constitutionally specified term . Early dissolutions are allowed in many jurisdictions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "834d273728211e893a380b52bceaabe5",
"text": "2008 Western Australian gas crisis The Western Australian gas crisis was a major disruption to natural gas supply in Western Australia , caused by the rupture of a corroded pipeline and subsequent explosion at a processing plant on Varanus Island , off the state 's north west coast on 3 June 2008 . The plant , operated by Apache Energy , which normally supplied a third of the state 's gas , was shut down for almost two months while a detailed engineering investigation and major repairs were carried out . Gas supply from the plant partially resumed in late August . By mid-October , gas production was running at two-thirds of normal capacity , with 85 % of full output restored by December 2008 . In a state heavily reliant on continuous supply of gas for industrial processing , manufacturing , residential use and electricity generation , the sudden loss of almost 35 % of gas supply had immediate social impacts , and significant short and long-term economic effects . Many businesses were forced to curtail or cease operations , resulting in workers being stood down or forced to take annual leave , and the government requested that businesses and householders conserve energy usage . An emergency coordination committee of government and industry representatives rationed and redirected remaining gas supply sources . When many large gas users switched to diesel for power generation , the risk of a shortfall in transport fuel led to the federal government authorising the release of emergency fuel reserves stored at the Garden Island naval facility . The incident raised significant public and political issues related to energy security , adequacy of existing infrastructure , contingency planning , and the role of regulatory agencies . The plant took three months to repair , although partial supplies were restored within six weeks of the explosion . A major investigation was launched by the National Offshore Petroleum Safety Authority ( NOPSA ) , with separate investigations conducted by the plant operator and several other government agencies . NOPSA 's report was published on 10 October 2008 , and confirmed early suggestions that the explosion was caused by structural failure of the export pipeline due to significant corrosion . A Senate Committee inquiry was established to investigate the economic impacts and the state government 's response to the crisis . The committee 's report was handed down on 3 December 2008 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d89bbb1f9116b51b874173b29cb1d629",
"text": "Heath ministry Edward Heath , of the Conservative Party , formed the Heath ministry and became Prime Minister of the United Kingdom on 19 June 1970 , following the 18 June general election . Heath 's ministry ended after the February 1974 general election , which produced a hung parliament , leading to the formation of a minority government by Harold Wilson of the Labour Party . Heath had been elected leader of the Conservative Party in 1965 to succeed Alec Douglas Home , within a few months of the party 's election defeat after 13 years in government . His first general election as leader the following year ended in defeat as Wilson 's Labour government increased its majority . The Conservatives enjoyed a surge in support over the next two years as the British economy went through a period of fluctuation being growth and contraction , with unemployment rising significantly , but when Harold Wilson called a general election for June 1970 , the opinion polls all pointed towards a third successive Labour victory . It was a major surprise when the Conservatives won with a majority of 30 seats . The government of Edward Heath initially enjoyed a strong economy and relatively low unemployment , and by 1973 Britain had entered the European Economic Community . But then came the 1973 oil crisis , and just before Christmas , Heath declared a `` three day week '' in which the use of offices , factories and most public buildings was reduced to three days a week . He also faced a battle with the unions over pay freezes and restraints , which sparked a rise in strikes . The economy also entered a recession . Heath 's response in February 1974 was to call a general election , urging the voters to decide whether it was the government or the unions which ran Britain . The election on 28 February 1974 resulted in a hung parliament , in which the Tories had the most votes but Labour had the most seats . After talks with the Liberals about forming a coalition government failed , Labour formed a minority government on 4 March . A second general election was widely anticipated later in 1974 , and was called by Harold Wilson for 10 October , in which the Labour Party gained a three-seat majority . This meant that Wilson had now won four of the five general elections he had contested , while Heath had now lost three of his four general elections , and it seemed inevitable that his leadership would soon end .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fba13b01eba2caf43bf5d5a6b10f3afb",
"text": "1922 in the United Kingdom The social and political problems of most prominence in the United Kingdom in 1922 showed a further departure from those that chiefly occupied public attention during World War I , and the country had by then almost returned to its normal condition . Prices continued to fall during the early part of the year , but very slowly as compared with the previous decline , and in the latter half of the year the fall ceased almost entirely , prices becoming comparatively stabilized at about 80 % above the level of July 1914 . Labour problems , which occupied so much attention during and after the war , were less constantly in the public eye . The principle of inevitable reductions in wages had been accepted by the working classes as a whole , and there were few strikes on a large scale , the worst being that in the engineering trade . Unemployment continued to be very great , but it was recognized that little more could be done by government measures for its alleviation , and the subject was much less prominent in the political world than it had been in the previous year . A further indication of the return to normal conditions was in the gradual decay of the coalition government . The combination of parties brought about in the presence of a common danger no longer worked in peacetime . Very early in the year signs of disintegration became manifest in the coalition . On several occasions the two wings threatened to fall apart , but the government was successfully held together by the personality of Prime Minister David Lloyd George until the last quarter of the year , when the internal dissensions of many months reached a bursting-point , and the coalition collapsed . Irish affairs occupied an important place in politics throughout the year . 1922 saw the establishment of the Irish Free State in the south and west of the island .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "06550394254dd0e10df4e5a892237bc1",
"text": "Chief Ministers in Malaysia In Malaysia , the Menteri Besar ( Jawi : منتري بسر ; literally `` First Minister '' ) is the head of government of each of nine states in Malaysia with hereditary rulers . For four states without a monarch , the title Chief Minister ( Ketua Menteri ) is used . The title ` Menteri Besar ' is usually untranslated in the English media in Malaysia , but is typically translated as ` Chief Minister ' by foreign media . According to protocol , all Menteris Besar and Chief Ministers are styled Yang Amat Berhormat ( abbreviated YAB ) , which means `` The Most Honourable '' . The nine hereditary rulers of the Malay states and the appointed governors of the other four states serve as constitutional and ceremonial heads of their states , with the state executive authority rests with the Menteris Besar and Chief Ministers . Following elections to the state legislative assembly , the Ruler or Governor usually invites the party ( or coalition ) with a majority of seats to form the state government . The Ruler or Governor appoints and swears in the Menteris Besar or Chief Ministers , whose executive council ( except Sabah and Sarawak which known as Cabinet ) are collectively responsible to the assembly . Based on the Westminster system , given that he retains the confidence of the assembly , the Menteri 's Besar or Chief Minister 's term can last for the length of the assembly 's life -- a maximum of five years . There are no limits to the number of terms that the Menteri Besar or Chief Minister can serve .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0baab0b09b2427190b328dbcc6e1bb12",
"text": "Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston Henry John Temple , 3rd Viscount Palmerston , ( 20 October 1784 -- 18 October 1865 ) was a British statesman who served twice as Prime Minister in the mid-19th century . For most of 1830 to 1865 he dominated British foreign policy when Britain was at the height of her power . Popularly nicknamed `` Pam '' and `` The Mongoose '' , he was in government office almost continuously from 1807 until his death in 1865 , beginning his parliamentary career as a Tory , switching to the Whigs in 1830 , and concluding it as the first Prime Minister of the newly-formed Liberal Party from 1859 . He succeeded to his father 's Irish peerage in 1802 . He became a Tory MP in 1807 , and was made Secretary at War in 1809 , responsible for the finances of the army . He held the job until 1828 , entering the cabinet in 1827 when George Canning became Prime Minister . Less than a year later he resigned with other Canningites . In opposition he switched his focus to foreign policy , and he was Foreign Secretary ( 1830-4 , 1835 -- 41 and 1846 -- 51 ) when the Whigs were in power , dealing with a succession of crises in Europe and beyond . Some of his aggressive actions , now sometimes termed liberal interventionist , were highly controversial at the time , and remain so today . In 1852 he became Home Secretary in Aberdeen 's coalition government , the Peelites having insisted on Russell getting the Foreign Office . He passed various social reforms but opposed electoral ones . When public discontent over the Crimean War brought the government down in 1855 , Palmerston was found to be , despite the Queen 's distrust of him , the only Prime Minister who could sustain a majority in Parliament . He had two periods in office , 1855 -- 1858 and 1859 -- 1865 , before dying at almost 81 , a few months after winning a general election with an increased majority . He remains , to date , the last Prime Minister to die in office . Historians consider him one of the greatest foreign secretaries , for his handling of great crises , his commitment to the balance of power that made Britain the deciding voice in many controversies , his analytic skills , and his commitment to British interests . His policies regarding India , Italy , Belgium and Spain had long-term impact , while his policies toward France , the Ottoman Empire , and the United States proved more ephemeral . He was a master of public opinion , achieved by stroking British nationalism . His weaknesses include mishandling of personal relations , and long-standing disagreements with the Queen over the royal role in determining foreign policy . Palmerston built a strong popular following among the British electorate , by promoting himself , British nationalism , and a sense of patriotism . He assiduously fostered the press , which gave him very favourable coverage . Queen Victoria and most of the political leadership distrusted him , but his popular strength prevailed .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0f2a0936090523f50bed12701c3ac77c",
"text": "Water privatisation in Jakarta Water privatisation in Jakarta began when the British water company Thames Water entered into an agreement with the son of then-President Suharto in 1993 to obtain a water concession . Under the influence of the French water company Suez , however , the government decided to split the city 's service area between the two companies . The government awarded Thames Water and Suez each a concession for one half of the city without competitive bidding . The contracts foresaw water charge increases that would allow the companies to earn a comfortable 22 percent rate of return . However , only two months after the contracts were signed , the Indonesian rupiah massively lost in value due to the East Asian financial crisis , and President Suharto was toppled . The concessions survived , but the government imposed a tariff freeze and the contracts had to be renegotiated to reduce their targets . In 2006 Suez sold half and Thames Water all its shares to Indonesian investors . The main targets of the concession were to increase service coverage from an initial 46 percent and to reduce water losses from 61 percent . The original target of the concessions was to reach 75 percent service coverage in 2008 and 100 percent at the end of the concession . They also aimed to reduce water losses to 25 percent by 2008 and 20 percent by the end of the concession . These targets were substantially loosened during the renegotiations : The new 2008 targets were 68 percent for service coverage and 42 percent for water losses . In 2008 service coverage reached only 64 percent and water losses were reduced to only 50 percent . During the same period , water tariffs increased threefold . This increase was partly due to increases in the cost of electricity and bulk water purchases which are passed through by the private companies to the customers . On 24 March 2015 the Central Jakarta District Court ruled the privatisation of Jakarta 's water was illegal and ordered the return of the water system to public control . The court noted that the private operators were `` negligent in fulfilling the human right to water for Jakarta 's residents . '' The government of Indonesia and the private operators lodged an appeal against the court decision . The government , which wants to attract private infrastructure investment , has not made any preparations to buy back the concessions , which remain in place pending a final court decision .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c094ab8848323f3cb39c252f31908b43",
"text": "Inflation In economics , inflation is a sustained increase in the general price level of goods and services in an economy over a period of time . When the price level rises , each unit of currency buys fewer goods and services ; consequently , inflation reflects a reduction in the purchasing power per unit of money a loss of real value in the medium of exchange and unit of account within the economy . A chief measure of price inflation is the inflation rate , the annualized percentage change in a general price index , usually the consumer price index , over time . The opposite of inflation is deflation . Inflation affects economies in various positive and negative ways . The negative effects of inflation include an increase in the opportunity cost of holding money , uncertainty over future inflation which may discourage investment and savings , and if inflation were rapid enough , shortages of goods as consumers begin hoarding out of concern that prices will increase in the future . Positive effects include reducing the real burden of public and private debt , keeping nominal interest rates above zero so that central banks can adjust interest rates to stabilize the economy , and reducing unemployment due to nominal wage rigidity . Economists generally believe that high rates of inflation and hyperinflation are caused by an excessive growth of the money supply . Views on which factors determine low to moderate rates of inflation are more varied . Low or moderate inflation may be attributed to fluctuations in real demand for goods and services , or changes in available supplies such as during scarcities . However , the consensus view is that a long sustained period of inflation is caused by money supply growing faster than the rate of economic growth . Today , most economists favor a low and steady rate of inflation . Low ( as opposed to zero or negative ) inflation reduces the severity of economic recessions by enabling the labor market to adjust more quickly in a downturn , and reduces the risk that a liquidity trap prevents monetary policy from stabilizing the economy . The task of keeping the rate of inflation low and stable is usually given to monetary authorities . Generally , these monetary authorities are the central banks that control monetary policy through the setting of interest rates , through open market operations , and through the setting of banking reserve requirements .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "075f4971e6c19d2c9742d4bf3085b53c",
"text": "Postmaster General of the United Kingdom The Postmaster General of the United Kingdom was a Cabinet-level ministerial position in HM Government . Aside from maintaining the postal system , the Telegraph Act of 1868 established the Postmaster General 's right to exclusively maintain electric telegraphs . This would subsequently extend to telecommunications and broadcasting . The office was abolished in 1969 by the Post Office Act 1969 . A replacement public authority governed by a chairman was established under the name of the `` Post Office ( that part subsumed by Royal Mail ) '' . The position of `` Postmaster General '' was , with reduced powers , replaced with `` Minister of Posts and Telecommunications '' ; since which most such regulation instead has been delegated to the Secretary of State for Culture , Media and Sport however the present-day Royal Mail Group was overseen by the Secretary of State for Business , Innovation and Skills prior to flotation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1313f09f907d377ccc30a91d46aaeb8f",
"text": "Prime Minister of India The Prime Minister of India ( Hindi : भारत के प्रधानमन्त्री , Bhārat kē Pradhānamantrī ) is the head of government and leader of the executive branch of the Government of India . The Prime Minister is also the chief adviser to the President of India and head of the Council of Ministers . They can be a member of any of the two houses of Parliament ( the Lok Sabha or the Rajya Sabha ) , but has to be the leader of the political party , having a majority in the Lok Sabha . The Prime Minister is the senior member of cabinet in the executive branch of government in a parliamentary system . The Prime Minister selects and can dismiss other members of the cabinet ; allocates posts to members within the Government ; is the presiding member and chairman of the cabinet . The federal or union cabinet headed by the Prime Minister is appointed by the President of India to assist the latter in the administration of the affairs of the executive . Union cabinet is collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha as per Article 75 ( 3 ) . The Prime Minister shall always enjoy the confidence of Lok Sabha and shall resign if they are unable to prove majority when instructed by the President .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9d4ce90546a5a6f135201d76e1219963",
"text": "2012 British cabinet reshuffle British prime minister David Cameron conducted the first major reshuffle of his coalition government on 4 September 2012 . The reshuffle , nearly two and a half years after the government was sworn in , was highly anticipated , and eschewed the trend of annual reshuffles which had become common under the governments of the 1990s and 2000s . As a result , many ministers had been in place not just since the government was elected in 2010 , but had covered the portfolio in Cameron 's shadow cabinet or even earlier ; Andrew Lansley had covered the health brief since 2004 , when Michael Howard led the Conservatives in opposition . Despite this , Cameron 's room to manoeuvre was limited by his coalition agreement with Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg 's Liberal Democrats , which guaranteed the minority party seats in government , and Clegg the right to select his ministers . Further , Cameron 's personal aversion to reshuffles and belief that ministers were most effective when given time at a department led to him viewing many cabinet members , including the holders of the Great Offices of State , as immovable . The reshuffle , which was criticised by the opposition for resulting in a cabinet with only four female members out of twenty-two , ultimately shifted Cameron 's government significantly to the right on business , justice , and the environment , and rid the government of perceived weaknesses , while maintaining stability at the top . In an official statement , Number 10 stated that the impetus for the reshuffle was the fact that after more than two years , the government was `` at the delivery phase '' and that ministers had `` been appointed with that in mind '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9e5fad99c8935bf7df19d3b2eb3d0c50",
"text": "Greek bailout referendum, 2015 A referendum to decide whether Greece was to accept the bailout conditions in the country 's government-debt crisis proposed jointly by the European Commission ( EC ) , the International Monetary Fund ( IMF ) and the European Central Bank ( ECB ) on 25 June 2015 , took place on 5 July 2015 . The referendum was announced by Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras in the early morning of 27 June 2015 , and ratified the following day by the Parliament and the President . It was the first referendum to be held since the republic referendum of 1974 , and the only one in modern Greek history not to concern the form of government . As a result of the referendum , the bailout conditions were rejected by a majority of over 61 % to 39 % approving , with the `` No '' vote winning in all of Greece 's regions . The referendum results also forced the immediate resignation of New Democracy leader Antonis Samaras as party president because of the perceived negative result of the `` Yes '' choice , to which the conservative party and Samaras had committed themselves .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5d13b1b69182bcdd7dc71f2a28e221df",
"text": "Figurehead In politics , a figurehead is a person who holds de jure ( in name or by law ) an important title or office ( often supremely powerful ) , yet de facto ( in reality ) executes little actual power . The metaphor derives from the carved figurehead at the prow of a sailing ship . Commonly cited figureheads include Queen Elizabeth II , who is Queen of sixteen Commonwealth realms and head of the Commonwealth , but has no power over the nations in which she is not head of state and does not exercise power in her own realms on her own initiative . Other figureheads are the Emperor of Japan , the King of Sweden , or presidents in majority of parliamentary republics , such as the President of India , President of Israel , President of Bangladesh , President of Greece , President of Germany , President of Pakistan , and President of China ( when not simultaneously holding the CPC General Secretary and Chairman of CMC posts ) . During the crisis of the March on Rome in 1922 , King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy , though a figurehead , played a key role in handing power to Benito Mussolini . More than 20 years later , the same King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy played a key role in the dismissal of Benito Mussolini in 1943 . Since the abolition of monarchy in Italy and the establishment of a republic in 1946 , the Italian President assumed most of the ceremonial functions of the previous kings ; however , the Italian President retains large powers in appointing a prime minister of his choice when in parliament there 's no clear majority government , creating a so-called `` president 's cabinet '' ( a technocratic cabinet ) . For example , the former Prime Minister of Italy , Sen Mario Monti , was appointed by the Italian President Giorgio Napolitano as a lifetime-senator and then as Prime Minister of the country , not after a new election . Italian President 's powers and influence are so much stronger is the weaker political parties ' leadership . This system is called `` accordion '' . Conversely , King Juan Carlos I of Spain , also largely considered a figurehead , had in 1981 a key role in defending the newborn Spanish democracy and foiling the attempted coup d'état , known as `` 23-F '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad22af36642f29d56410e372a63a8f00",
"text": "Deflation In economics , deflation is a decrease in the general price level of goods and services . Deflation occurs when the inflation rate falls below 0 % ( a negative inflation rate ) . Inflation reduces the real value of money over time ; conversely , deflation increases the real value of money the currency of a national or regional economy . This allows one to buy more goods and services than before with the same amount of money . Economists generally believe that deflation is a problem in a modern economy because it may increase the real value of debt , especially if the deflation was unexpected . Deflation may also aggravate recessions and lead to a deflationary spiral . Deflation is distinct from disinflation , a slow-down in the inflation rate , i.e. when inflation declines to a lower rate but is still positive .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c45c89cf631580a8cec65bc4ac220393",
"text": "Israeli prime ministerial election, 2001 Elections for Prime Minister were held in Israel on 6 February 2001 following the resignation of the incumbent , Labour 's Ehud Barak . Barak stood for re-election against Likud 's Ariel Sharon . It was the third and last Prime Ministerial election ( separate elections were scrapped before the next Knesset elections in 2003 ) , and the only one which was not held alongside simultaneous Knesset elections . Voter turnout was 62.3 % , the lowest turnout for any national election held in Israel . The low turnout was at least partially due to many Israeli Arabs boycotting the poll in protest at the October 2000 events in which 12 Israeli Arabs were killed by the police . Other possible reasons are Sharon 's massive advantage in advance polls , and the lack of enthusiasm of Barak supporters due to his perceived failings , notably , the failure of the 2000 Camp David talks with the Palestinians , and the `` turbine affair '' in which Barak yielded to the religious parties ' pressure , violating previous promises .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a93253ab1855ac1398fe19769bfdd235",
"text": "Cabinet of Barbados The Cabinet , formally Her Majesty 's Barbados Ministers , are individuals of Barbados which execute the duties of the Government of Barbados . Under a Westminster system of governance , these powers are vested nominally in Elizabeth II , Queen of Barbados ( represented by the Governor-General ) , but are exercised in practice by a Cabinet of Ministers , presided over by the Prime Minister . The Prime Minister is formally appointed by the Governor-General : the Governor-General must appoint as Prime Minister someone who can control a majority of votes in the House of Assembly . In practice , this is normally the leader of the largest political party or coalition in the house . If there is no clear majority in the House of Assembly , however , the Governor-General 's role becomes more important : he or she must assume the role of arbitrator and open negotiations with the leaders of the various political parties , in the hope of finding someone whom a majority will accept as Prime Minister . In the event of that failing to take place , the Governor-General must dissolve the House of Assembly and call an early election .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7d837f920105393a8cbe2a455acd91fa",
"text": "Technological unemployment Technological unemployment is the loss of jobs caused by technological change . Such change typically includes the introduction of labour-saving `` mechanical-muscle '' machines or more efficient `` mechanical-mind '' processes ( automation ) . Just as horses employed as prime movers were gradually made obsolete by the automobile , humans ' jobs have also been affected throughout modern history . Historical examples include artisan weavers reduced to poverty after the introduction of mechanised looms . During World War II , Alan Turing 's Bombe machine compressed and decoded thousands of man-years worth of encrypted data in a matter of hours . A contemporary example of technological unemployment is the displacement of retail cashiers by self-service tills . That technological change can cause short-term job losses is widely accepted . The view that it can lead to lasting increases in unemployment has long been controversial . Participants in the technological unemployment debates can be broadly divided into optimists and pessimists . Optimists agree that innovation may be disruptive to jobs in the short term , yet hold that various compensation effects ensure there is never a long-term negative impact on jobs . Whereas pessimists contend that at least in some circumstances , new technologies can lead to a lasting decline in the total number of workers in employment . The phrase `` technological unemployment '' was popularised by John Maynard Keynes in the 1930s . Yet the issue of machines displacing human labour has been discussed since at least Aristotle 's time . Prior to the 18th century both the elite and common people would generally take the pessimistic view on technological unemployment , at least in cases where the issue arose . Due to generally low unemployment in much of pre-modern history , the topic was rarely a prominent concern . In the 18th century fears over the impact of machinery on jobs intensified with the growth of mass unemployment , especially in Great Britain which was then at the forefront of the Industrial Revolution . Yet some economic thinkers began to argue against these fears , claiming that overall innovation would not have negative effects on jobs . These arguments were formalised in the early 19th century by the classical economists . During the second half of the 19th century , it became increasingly apparent that technological progress was benefiting all sections of society , including the working class . Concerns over the negative impact of innovation diminished . The term `` Luddite fallacy '' was coined to describe the thinking that innovation would have lasting harmful effects on employment . The view that technology is unlikely to lead to long term unemployment has been repeatedly challenged by a minority of economists . In the early 1800s these included Ricardo himself . There were dozens of economists warning about technological unemployment during brief intensifications of the debate that spiked in the 1930s and 1960s . Especially in Europe , there were further warnings in the closing two decades of the twentieth century , as commentators noted an enduring rise in unemployment suffered by many industrialised nations since the 1970s . Yet a clear majority of both professional economists and the interested general public held the optimistic view through most of the 20th century . In the second decade of the 21st century , a number of studies have been released suggesting that technological unemployment may be increasing worldwide . Further increases are forecast for the years to come . While many economists and commentators still argue such fears are unfounded , as was widely accepted for most of the previous two centuries , concern over technological unemployment is growing once again . A report in Wired in 2017 quotes knowledgeable people such as economist Gene Sperling and management professor Andrew McAfee on the idea that handling existing and impending job loss to automation is a `` significant issue '' . Regarding a recent claim by a political appointee that automation is not `` going to have any kind of big effect on the economy for the next 50 or 100 years , '' says McAfee , `` I do n't talk to anyone in the field who believes that . '' Innovations like Watson have the potential to render humans obsolete with the professional , white-collar , low-skilled , creative fields , and other `` mental jobs '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "133ee904c697ff3ae65a82fc3cfe57a9",
"text": "Post–World War II demobilization strikes Post -- World War II demobilization strikes occurred within Allied military forces stationed across the Middle East , India and South-East Asia in the months and years following World War II . American military personnel based in occupied Germany were holding mass parades for speedier demobilization and in the Philippines formed soldiers committees and went on demonstrations calling for a return home . In India , thousands of Royal Air Force servicemen pushed for demobilization and went on strike citing grievances over conditions of work such as deaths in high temperatures in Cawnpore ( station : 322 MU Cawnpore ) and overcrowding at RAF Jodhpur . A ` Forces Parliament ' was set up - effectively a workers ' council , but was dissolved before the issues came to a head . The issue was a major subject of debate in the British Parliament . At one point Prime Minister Clement Attlee was presented with a petition by India-stationed servicemen that stated : `` We have done the job we joined up to do . Now we want to get back home , both for personal reasons and because we think it is by work that we can best help Britain . No indication has been given of when we will see our families again . Is it because the government wishes to talk tough with other powers ? '' Some brigades in India were disbanded as they were viewed as `` politically unreliable '' suggesting that in event of being used to put down disturbances they would have refused . The Conservatives demanded to know whether the new Labour government thought there was any difference between a strike and a mutiny . Some ` agitators ' or strike leaders were jailed , but public pressure through MPs led to their early release or reduction in sentences .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "70326ad8086e25752ca1d15e8093950e",
"text": "Rare disasters A rare disaster is an economic collapse that is infrequent and large in magnitude , having a negative effect on an economy . Rare disasters are important because they provide an explanation of the equity premium puzzle , the behavior of interest rates , and other economic phenomena . The parameters for a rare disaster are a substantial drop in GDP and at least a 10 % decrease in consumption . Examples include financial disasters : the Great Depression and the 1997 Asian financial crisis ; wars : World War I , World War II , and regional conflicts ; epidemics : influenza outbreaks and the Asian Flu ; weather events ; and earthquakes and tsunamis ; however , any event that has a substantial impact on GDP and consumption could be considered a rare disaster . The idea was first proposed by Rietz in 1988 , as a way to explain the equity premium puzzle . Since then , other economists have added to and strengthened the idea with evidence , but many economists are still skeptical of the theory .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a11bf1f3a1a11f03fa2a7b69339e3130",
"text": "1895 vote of no confidence in the government of Lord Rosebery The vote of no confidence against the government of the Earl of Rosebery of 21 June 1895 , also known as the Cordite vote , was the occasion on which the Liberal Government of the Earl of Rosebery was defeated in a vote of censure by the House of Commons . The motion was to reduce the salary of the Secretary of State for War as a censure over deficient supply of cordite to the Army , and when it was passed the Secretary of State Henry Campbell Bannerman offered his resignation . As Campbell Bannerman was the most popular Minister in a Government which was suffering internal division and whose members had grown tired of office , the Government chose to interpret the issue as one involving confidence in the Government and therefore resigned . The incoming Conservative government soon sought a dissolution of Parliament and won the ensuing general election . The vote is the last time in the History of the British Parliament that a government has been defeated on a confidence motion when it had a workable majority .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
c84d3f2c5193ba7388b1031734b7bd9a
|
Stevie Nicks was in Fleetwood Mac as a singer.
|
[
{
"docid": "6c9c5622f64403a58b3a0bed385363fa",
"text": "Stevie Nicks Stephanie Lynn `` Stevie '' Nicks ( born May 26 , 1948 ) is an American singer-songwriter who is often regarded as the Queen of Rock n ' Roll . Nicks is best known for her work as the front-woman of Fleetwood Mac and for her chart-topping solo career . She is known for her distinctive voice , mystical visual style , and symbolic lyrics . Collectively , her work both as a member of Fleetwood Mac and as a solo artist has produced over 40 top-50 hits and sold over 140 million records , making her one of the best selling music acts of all time with Fleetwood Mac . Her influence in fashion , music and musical performance is widely acknowledged ; and as such , she has been named one of music 's top 55 `` Greatest Songwriters of All Time '' , and as one of the world 's top `` 100 Greatest Singers of All Time '' by Rolling Stone . As a member of Fleetwood Mac , she was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1998 . She has garnered eight Grammy Award nominations and two American Music Award nominations as a solo artist . She has won numerous awards with Fleetwood Mac , including a Grammy Award and five Grammy Award nominations . Nicks joined Fleetwood Mac in 1975 along with her then boyfriend , Lindsey Buckingham . Rumours , Fleetwood Mac 's second album after the incorporation of Nicks and Buckingham , was the best-selling album of the year of its release , and to date , has made sales of over 40 million copies worldwide , making it the fifth-highest selling studio album of all time . The album remained at number one on the American albums chart for 31 weeks and reached Number One in various countries worldwide . The album won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year in 1978 . it produced four U.S. top-10 singles , with Nicks ' `` Dreams '' being the band 's first and only U.S. number-one hit . In 1981 , while remaining a member of Fleetwood Mac , Nicks began her solo career , releasing the album Bella Donna , which topped the Billboard album charts and reached platinum status less than three months after its release , and has since been certified quadruple-platinum . She has released a total of eight solo studio albums to date , with her most recent titled 24 Karat Gold : Songs from the Vault , released in October 2014 . During her solo career , she has had a close working relationship with Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers . They served as a backing band for several tracks on each of her solo albums , and the two have toured and performed together frequently over the past three decades . The song `` Stop Draggin ' My Heart Around '' , performed by Nicks and Petty , was one of the biggest hits for either artist .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "a8be9eb4ab55baa8493d7969bee040f7",
"text": "Nicko McBrain Michael Henry `` Nicko '' McBrain ( born 5 June 1952 ) is an English musician , best known as the drummer of the British heavy metal band Iron Maiden , which he joined in 1982 . Having played in small pub bands from the age of 14 , upon leaving school McBrain paid his bills with session work before he joined a variety of artists , such as Streetwalkers , Pat Travers , and the French political band , Trust . He joined Iron Maiden in time to debut on their fourth album , Piece of Mind ( 1983 ) , and has remained with them since , contributing to a total of thirteen studio releases .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f1bb90c6f57bac01abe666000cfa7c87",
"text": "Live at the Talk of the Town (Stevie Wonder album) Live at the Talk of the Town is a 1970 live album by Stevie Wonder on the Tamla ( Motown ) label , recorded at the Talk of the Town nightclub in London . The third live collection by the singer-songwriter , this is the follow-up to his preceding live release Stevie Wonder Live . It was originally only released in the UK , then finally released in the US in 2005 via iTunes as part of The Complete Stevie Wonder collection .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a2d09ee82a12e6bc109c52425f3a4140",
"text": "The Prime Movers (Michigan band) The Prime Movers were a blues band based in the Ann Arbor , Michigan , formed in 1965 . The band originally consisted of Michael Erlewine ( lead singer , harmonica ) , Dan Erlewine ( lead guitar ) , Robert Sheff ( keyboards ) , Robert Vinopal ( bass ) , and Michael `` Spider '' Wynn ( drums ) . Vinopal left soon after the band 's formation and was replaced by Jack Dawson . Wynn left a short time later and was replaced by James Osterberg , who would later become famous as Iggy Pop . When he joined the Prime Movers Osterberg took the name `` Iggy '' , from his previous band The Iguanas . The Prime Movers played throughout the Midwest . In 1966 , the band frequented blues clubs in Chicago where they saw blues legends like Little Walter , Magic Sam , Big Walter Horton , and many other bluesmen perform live . Courted by a subsidiary of Motown Records who wanted to promote them as a white group playing `` black '' music , the band refused to cooperate , preferring to study and perform classic Chicago-style blues than to record songs that were fed to them by Motown . A consequence of this is that they were not professionally recorded . ( Recordings made by the band and fans surfaced years later , including a recording of Iggy Pop singing the Muddy Waters song `` I 'm a Man . '' ) The Prime Movers played a significant part in helping to host the first two Ann Arbor Blues Festivals , in 1969 and 1970 , which were the first ( and largest ) blues festivals ( in terms of the number of great bluesman who performed ) in the U.S. Michael Erlewine interviewed dozens of the performers , and the spirit of these early festivals carried over into the Ann Arbor Blues & Jazz Festival in 1972 , 1973 , and 1974 . Members of the band were also involved in the 1972 festival . As time passed , the Prime Movers became kind of the elder statesmen in the burgeoning Ann Arbor music scene , working with the younger groups , and playing with visiting artists like Jerry Garcia . They frequently shared the bill with the MC5 . In the Midwest , the band played at Detroit clubs like the Grande Ballroom , the Living End , the Chessmate , and the Wisdom Tooth . They also appeared frequently at Mother Blues in Chicago as well as other Michigan clubs like the 5th Dimension , Mothers , Schwaben Inn , Depot House , Town Bar , and Clint 's Club , and Mr. Flood 's Party . In 1967 , the band toured the West Coast and spent the Summer of Love in San Francisco , living at the Sausalito Heliport , and playing at places like The Matrix , The Straight Theater , the Haight A , New Orleans House , and the Fillmore West , where they opened for Cream . Iggy Pop was replaced by Jesse Crawford in early 1967 . Crawford later became famous as the MC for the MC5 , belting out the phrase `` Kick out the jams , Motherfucker ... '' that kicked off their shows . The band went through some 37 members , and broke up by 1970 . The Erlewine brothers continued to play around the Ann Arbor area for some years after that . Michael Erlewine had a solo piano act as late as 1971 , and went on to found the popular All-Music Guide , while Dan Erlewine became an accomplished luthier and prolific author on guitar repair , notably for Guitar Player magazine .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d20ce5d8d3fa2e15a913ea216a0ad6ff",
"text": "The Wilderness Years (Nick Lowe album) The Wilderness Years is a CD by British singer-songwriter Nick Lowe . It was released in 1991 in the United Kingdom . It was not released in the United States . The album contains material recorded following the demise of the band Brinsley Schwarz , which featured Lowe as the singer and bass player , and before the release of Lowe 's first solo album , Jesus of Cool ( titled Pure Pop for Now People in the U.S. ) in early 1978 . Three tracks were previously released on other albums , while others were issued on singles or EP 's . `` I Love My Label '' was included on the 1977 Stiff Records sampler album A Bunch of Stiff Records . `` Rollers Show '' and the studio version of `` Heart of the City '' were both included on Pure Pop for Now People ( but were not contained on Jesus of Cool ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ddfd8eb4a424353ef83937d694155431",
"text": "Nick Tosches Nick Tosches ( -LSB- ˈtɑːʃəs -RSB- born October 17 or 23 , 1949 ) is an American journalist , novelist , biographer , and poet . His 1982 biography of Jerry Lee Lewis , Hellfire , was praised by Rolling Stone magazine as `` the best rock and roll biography ever written . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c0a0ece3714ba153de4a6d28d85c5389",
"text": "Crystal Visions – The Very Best of Stevie Nicks Crystal Visions ... The Very Best of Stevie Nicks is a compilation album released by the American singer-songwriter and Fleetwood Mac vocalist Stevie Nicks . It features songs from her solo career , as well as her career with Fleetwood Mac . It includes her hit singles , a dance remix , and one new track , a live version of Led Zeppelin 's `` Rock and Roll '' . Three singles were culled from the album : `` Rock and Roll '' , `` Landslide '' , and a remixed version of `` Stand Back '' . There are two versions of this album , one with just the audio CD and another version with an included DVD featuring all of Nicks ' music videos with audio commentary from Nicks , as well as rare footage from the Bella Donna recording sessions . The album debuted and peaked at # 21 in the US selling 33,944 copies in its first week . The album spent a total of 12 weeks on the Billboard 200 chart , and had sold 505,000 copies as of April 2014 . The album is certified gold in Australia and Silver in the UK . The title refers to a lyric from `` Dreams '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "44e5e2ebe3d35a668c3a0cb3d78c6ba9",
"text": "Danny Kirwan Daniel David `` Danny '' Kirwan ( born 13 May 1950 ) is a British musician whose greatest success came with his role as guitarist , singer and songwriter with the blues rock band Fleetwood Mac between 1968 and 1972 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4998203fd2304d3fa9d90a75842df5a8",
"text": "Bare Trees Bare Trees is the sixth studio album by British-American rock band Fleetwood Mac , released in March 1972 . This is their last album to feature Danny Kirwan , who was fired during the album 's supporting tour . In the wake of the band 's success in the mid-1970s , Bare Trees peaked at No. 70 and achieved Gold status in 1976 and certified platinum in 1988 for selling over a million copies .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d22444f344ba080f64ea548b96ddc988",
"text": "Nick Records Nick Records ( also known as Nickelodeon Records or Nick Music ) is the record label for the children 's television channel Nickelodeon . The label featured new and emerging young musical artists , `` triple threat '' singers who would also act and dance on the network 's series , and soundtrack and compilations based on Nickelodeon TV shows .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4dd37cf10692143d85f2aae8a5a898c9",
"text": "Fleetwood Mac Live Fleetwood Mac Live is a world tour by the rock group Fleetwood Mac that began on April 4 , 2013 in Columbus , Ohio . 66 shows are scheduled across 14 countries in North America and Europe . The April 18 , 2013 stop in Boston , Massachusetts was one of the first major performances given in the city following the Boston Marathon bombings three days earlier . This tour has also marked the first appearance of Christine McVie with the band since 1998 . She appeared at the last two London O2 Arena shows . On October 27 , the band announced that John McVie had been diagnosed with cancer , and that they were cancelling their New Zealand and Australian performances in order for him to undergo treatment . On November 22 , 2013 Christine McVie stated she would love to rejoin Fleetwood Mac and that John McVie 's Progress was really good . On November 26 , 2013 @officialfleetwood mac ( Via Instagram ) and FleetwoodMac.com announced that Fleetwood Mac is playing 3 last shows for their `` Extended Play '' tour . Fleetwood Mac said they would do one public show and two private shows . The last public show was played on December 30 , and the two privates shows were performed from December 31-January 1 and January 8 . At midnight on January 1 Fleetwood Mac performed `` Auid Lang Syne '' to their private audience .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6d403ba95538df951631b910094752a5",
"text": "Grammy Award for Best New Artist The Grammy Award for Best New Artist has been awarded since 1959 . Years reflect the year in which the Grammy Awards were handed out , for records released in the previous year . The award was not presented in 1967 . The official guidelines are as follows : `` For a new artist who releases , during the Eligibility Year , the first recording which establishes the public identity of that artist . '' Note that this is not necessarily the first album released by an artist . It is sometimes asserted , with varying degrees of sincerity , that winning the award is a curse , as several award winners ( particularly from the late 1970s and early 1980s ) were never able to duplicate the success they experienced in their debut year . This viewpoint was expressed by former Starland Vocal Band member Taffy Danoff in a 2002 interview for VH1 's 100 Greatest One Hit Wonders : `` We got two of the five Grammys -- one was Best New Artist . So that was basically the kiss of death and I feel sorry for everyone who 's gotten it since . '' The category is also notable for being the only one of its kind in which a Grammy Award was vacated . This occurred in 1990 after it was revealed winners Milli Vanilli did not contribute their own vocals on their debut album . The award was revoked , but was not handed out to another artist . Of the 54 awards presented in the category since its inception , the honor has been presented to 25 solo female artists , 18 duos or groups , and 11 solo male artists . Between 1997 and 2003 , all the winners were solo female artists . Also , from 1993 to 2005 , no winner was a solo male artist . In 2006 , John Legend broke this trend , which started with Marc Cohn in 1992 . Only four artists have won both Best New Artist and Album of the Year in the same year : Bob Newhart in 1961 , Christopher Cross in 1981 , Lauryn Hill in 1999 and Norah Jones in 2003 . Of all the winners , only three have been country artists . In 1997 , LeAnn Rimes became the first country artist to win the award . She was followed by Carrie Underwood in 2007 and Zac Brown Band in 2010 . Additionally , 2017 marked the first time that two country artists were nominated in this category in the same year . 1984 marked the first time that all of the nominees were from outside of the United States ( Winner Culture Club , Eurythmics , and Musical Youth were from England , Big Country was from Scotland , and Men Without Hats were from Canada ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad682aa4d0e24fb2c219e72109a11598",
"text": "Someday at Christmas Someday at Christmas is a Christmas album by Stevie Wonder , released on November 27 , 1967 under Motown Records . It was his eighth studio album release . It would also be re-released in 1978 with different cover art and different catalog number ( Original 1967 catalog : T-281 , 1978 reissue : T7-362 R1 ) . It would again be re-released as part of Universal Music 's Christmas Edition of their successful 20th Century Masters series in 2003 with additional tracks . The title song was previously released as a single in 1966 and reached # 24 on the Billboard Christmas singles chart that year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5237881f2e5622eb81bbe6fb57203381",
"text": "The Section (band) The Section are a US instrumental rock band formed in the early 1970s by musicians Danny Kortchmar , Craig Doerge , Leland Sklar , and Russ Kunkel . They are best known for both studio and stage work in support of some of the best selling solo singers of that decade . Their frequent appearances on the records of artists signed to Asylum Records made them the label 's de facto house band . Their close association with the singer-songwriter and soft rock genres of the 1970s also led to their alternate moniker of `` The Mellow Mafia . '' They appeared together and individually on albums by Linda Ronstadt , Crosby & Nash , James Taylor , Carole King , Jackson Browne , Warren Zevon , and acted as back-up band on their tours . Other musicians closely associated with The Section include guitarist Waddy Wachtel , bassist Tim Drummond and multi-instrumentalist David Lindley . By the 1980s , the group stopped working together collectively , though as individuals they continued to play prominent roles in the studio and on tour with many of the most popular solo acts of the decade , including Phil Collins ( who collaborated with Sklar frequently starting with 1985 's No Jacket Required album and subsequent tour ) , Stevie Nicks ( whose landmark Bella Donna album features guitar work from Wachtel , who continues to work with her as her musical director ) , and Don Henley ( who used Kortchmar 's skills on numerous instruments on his Building the Perfect Beast album ) . Beside their supporting work for other musicians , The Section also released three albums of their own , consisting of mostly instrumental music .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a0d048dd623d2d514d40711a6fe6ae5d",
"text": "Cultural impact of Elvis Presley Since the beginning of his career , Elvis Presley has had an extensive cultural impact . According to Rolling Stone , `` it was Elvis who made rock 'n' roll the international language of pop . '' Rolling Stone encyclopedia of Rock and Roll describes Presley as `` an American music giant of the 20th century who single-handedly changed the course of music and culture in the mid-1950s . '' His recordings , dance moves , attitude and clothing came to be seen as embodiments of rock and roll . His music was heavily influenced by African-American blues , Christian gospel , and Southern country . In a list of the greatest English language singers , as compiled by Q Magazine , Presley was ranked first , and second in the list of greatest singers of 20th century by BBC Radio . Presley sang both hard driving rockabilly , rock and roll dance songs and ballads , laying a commercial foundation upon which other rock musicians would build their careers . African-American performers like Big Joe Turner , Wynonie Harris and Fats Domino came to national prominence after Presley 's acceptance among mass audiences of White American adults . Singers like Jerry Lee Lewis , the Everly Brothers , Chuck Berry , Bo Diddley , Little Richard , Buddy Holly , Johnny Cash , Roy Orbison and others immediately followed in his wake . John Lennon later observed , `` Before Elvis , there was nothing . '' During the post-WWII economic boom of the 1950s , many parents were able to give their teenage children much higher weekly allowances , signaling a shift in the buying power and purchasing habits of American teens . During the 1940s bobby soxers had idolized Frank Sinatra , but the buyers of his records were mostly between the ages of eighteen and twenty-two . Presley triggered a lot of demand for his records by near-teens and early teens aged ten and up . Along with Presley 's `` ducktail '' haircut , the demand for black slacks and loose , open-necked shirts resulted in new lines of clothing for teenage boys whereas a girl might get a pink portable 45 rpm record player for her bedroom . Meanwhile , American teenagers began buying newly available portable transistor radios and listened to rock 'n' roll on them ( helping to propel that fledgling industry from an estimated 100,000 units sold in 1955 to 5,000,000 units by the end of 1958 ) . Teens were asserting more independence and Presley became a national symbol of their parents ' consternation . Presley 's impact on the American youth consumer market was noted on the front page of The Wall Street Journal on December 31 , 1956 when business journalist Louis M. Kohlmeier wrote , `` Elvis Presley today is a business , '' and reported on the singer 's record and merchandise sales . Half a century later , historian Ian Brailsford ( University of Auckland , New Zealand ) commented , `` The phenomenal success of Elvis Presley in 1956 convinced many doubters of the financial opportunities existing in the youth market . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8a642f1df2f0b59fb62f5186663071ba",
"text": "Seeds We Sow Seeds We Sow is the sixth solo album by American musician and Fleetwood Mac vocalist-guitarist Lindsey Buckingham , released on September 6 , 2011 . It is his first to be self-released . The album entered the Billboard 200 in the week of September 24 , 2011 . By reaching number 45 , Seeds We Sow ties with 1984 's Go Insane as Buckingham 's second most successful album after his 1981 debut Law and Order . It also reached number 6 on the Billboard Rock Album Chart and number 5 on the Billboard Independent Albums Chart . The title track was also released as a single but failed to chart .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ebfb6bdccabe05d0c00fc1cacd771b2a",
"text": "Sunshine pop Sunshine pop ( originally `` soft pop '' ) is a subgenre of pop music originating in Southern California in the mid-1960s , although it only acquired the name later . Rooted in easy-listening , advertising jingles , and the growing drug culture , sunshine pop acts purveyed a lightly produced style that combined nostalgic or anxious moods with `` an appreciation for the beauty of the world '' . It began as an outgrowth of the 1960s California Sound and folk rock movements , largely consisting of lesser-known artists who imitated more popular groups like the Beach Boys , the Mamas & the Papas , and the 5th Dimension . While the Beach Boys are noted as prominent influences , they rarely worked in the genre . Sunshine pop is characterized by lush vocals and light arrangements similar to samba music . In some ways the genre is similar to baroque pop music through being elaborate and melancholic , though it also crossed into folk pop and Brill Building styles . Sunshine pop enjoyed mainstream success in the latter half of the decade , with many of its top 40 hits peaking in the spring and summer of 1967 , especially just before the Summer of Love . Popular bands include the Mamas & the Papas , the Turtles , and the Association . Other acts , like the Millennium , Sagittarius , and the Yellow Balloon were less successful but gained a cult following years later ; with albums like Begin ( 1968 ) and Present Tense ( 1968 ) highly sought-after on the collectors ' market .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "21029bf6589d738a1e817373be4a111c",
"text": "I Feel a Song I Feel a Song is a studio album recorded by American R&B group Gladys Knight & the Pips , released in November 1974 on the Buddah label . It was their third overall album for Buddah . The first single release , `` I Feel a Song ( In My Heart ) '' , reached # 1 R&B and # 21 on the Billboard Hot 100 . The B-side , `` Do n't Burn Down the Bridge '' , also charted as a tag-along on the pop chart . A second single , `` Love Finds Its Own Way '' , also charted , peaking at # 47 pop and # 3 R&B . The final single , a live medley recording of `` The Way We Were '' / `` Try to Remember '' was also a successful hit , peaking at # 11 pop and # 6 R&B . The song also gave the group its highest chart peaks on the adult contemporary and UK Singles charts , # 2 and # 4 , respectively . The album was also their fourth of five R&B albums chart-toppers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "23f94716bf1692c85ecf172e4bccd84a",
"text": "Maybe Love Will Change Your Mind `` Maybe Love Will Change Your Mind '' is a 1994 song by the American singer/songwriter Stevie Nicks . It was the first single from her solo album , Street Angel . The song peaked at No. 57 on the Billboard Hot 100 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0498eb9ead85e1ae1150bf5ecda96b49",
"text": "Trouble in Shangri-La Trouble in Shangri-La is the sixth studio album by American singer-songwriter and Fleetwood Mac vocalist Stevie Nicks . Released in 2001 , it was her first new solo album since 1994 's Street Angel . The album returned Nicks to the top 5 for the first time since 1983 's The Wild Heart , and achieved Gold status within six weeks of its release for shipping 500,000 copies in the U.S. . As of February 2011 , the album has sold over 663,000 copies in the US . Nicks ' renewed success also spawned a very successful tour entitled ` The Trouble in Shangri-La Tour ' . The tour was the 27th highest grossing tour of 2001 and grossed $ 14.1 million from 38 shows . The album debuted at # 5 on the Billboard Top 200 Albums chart with sales of 109,000 copies in its first week . The album remained in the top 10 in its second week holding the # 9 spot and sold 76,000 copies . The album spent a total of 20 weeks on the `` Billboard '' Top 200 Albums chart . Three singles were released : `` Every Day '' , `` Planets of The Universe '' , and `` Sorcerer '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d5686d66bb6e040c79cb356f12bf0e34",
"text": "On with the Show (concert tour) On with the Show was a world tour by the rock group Fleetwood Mac . The tour began in Minneapolis , Minnesota on September 30 , 2014 and concluded in Auckland , New Zealand on November 22 , 2015 . Tickets were available for pre-sale between March 31 to April 6 , before going on sale to the general public on April 7 , 2014 . At the end of 2014 , the tour placed 13th on Pollstar 's `` Top 100 Worldwide Tours '' , earning $ 74.1 million from 40 shows in North America . In 2015 's year-end report , the tour placed 6th with a gross of $ 125.1 million from 78 shows , bringing the total gross so far to $ 199.2 million .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
7e64a063b52263c7d574485f0066e68d
|
Woody Allen only won one award for Best Original Screenplay.
|
[
{
"docid": "712037a6edf59d825ac15c7c2b088365",
"text": "Woody Allen Heywood `` Woody '' Allen ( born Allan Stewart Konigsberg ; December 1 , 1935 ) is an American director , writer , actor , comedian , playwright , and musician whose career spans more than six decades . He worked as a comedy writer in the 1950s , writing jokes and scripts for television and publishing several books of short humor pieces . In the early 1960s , Allen began performing as a stand-up comedian , emphasizing monologues rather than traditional jokes . As a comedian , he developed the persona of an insecure , intellectual , fretful nebbish , which he maintains is quite different from his real-life personality . In 2004 , Comedy Central ranked Allen in fourth place on a list of the 100 greatest stand-up comedians , while a UK survey ranked Allen as the third greatest comedian . By the mid-1960s Allen was writing and directing films , first specializing in slapstick comedies before moving into dramatic material influenced by European art cinema during the 1970s , and alternating between comedies and dramas to the present . He is often identified as part of the New Hollywood wave of filmmakers of the mid-1960s to late 1970s . Allen often stars in his films , typically in the persona he developed as a standup . Some of the best-known of his over 40 films are Annie Hall ( 1977 ) , Manhattan ( 1979 ) , and Hannah and Her Sisters ( 1986 ) . In 2007 he said Stardust Memories ( 1980 ) , The Purple Rose of Cairo ( 1985 ) , and Match Point ( 2005 ) were his best films . Critic Roger Ebert described Allen as `` a treasure of the cinema '' . Allen won four Academy Awards : three for Best Original Screenplay and one for Best Director ( Annie Hall ) . He also won nine British Academy of Film and Television Arts Awards . His screenplay for Annie Hall was named the funniest screenplay by the Writers Guild of America in its list of the `` 101 Funniest Screenplays . '' In 2011 , PBS televised the film biography Woody Allen : A Documentary on the American Masters TV series .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "fbd32bac91ffb0d2f9bdc9b2e9d24da6",
"text": "Melville Shavelson Melville Shavelson ( April 1 , 1917 -- August 8 , 2007 ) was an American film director , producer , screenwriter , and author . He was President of the Writers Guild of America , West ( WGAw ) from 1969 to 1971 , 1979 to 1981 , and 1985 to 1987 . He came to Hollywood in 1938 as one of comedian Bob Hope 's joke writers , a job he held for the next five years . He is responsible for the screenplays of such Hope films as The Princess and the Pirate ( 1944 ) , Where There 's Life ( 1947 ) , The Great Lover ( 1949 ) , and Sorrowful Jones ( 1949 ) , which also starred Lucille Ball . Shavelson also worked as a writer on Hope 's radio show , The Pepsodent Show Starring Bob Hope . Shavelson was nominated twice for Academy Awards for Best Original Screenplay -- first for 1955 's The Seven Little Foys , starring Hope in a rare dramatic role , and then for 1958 's Houseboat . He shared both nominations with Jack Rose . He also directed both films . Other films he wrote and directed include Beau James ( 1957 ) , The Five Pennies ( 1959 ) for which he won a Screen Writers Guild Award , It Started in Naples ( 1960 ) , On the Double ( 1961 ) , The Pigeon That Took Rome ( 1962 ) , A New Kind of Love ( 1963 ) , Cast a Giant Shadow ( 1966 ) , and Yours , Mine and Ours ( 1968 ) , which starred Henry Fonda and again with Lucille Ball . Shavelson created two Emmy award-winning television series and wrote for a dozen Academy Award shows . He also wrote , produced and co-directed the six-hour ABC screenplay to the 1979 television miniseries Ike , based on the World War II exploits of Gen. Dwight Eisenhower . It featured an all star cast including Robert Duvall and Lee Remick . Shavelson 's autobiography , published by BearManor Media in April 2007 , is entitled How to Succeed in Hollywood Without Really Trying , P.S. - You Ca n't ! Shavelson wrote several other books , including , with Mr. Hope , `` Do n't Shoot , It 's Only Me : Bob Hope 's Comedy History of the United States '' ( Putnam , 1990 ) , and How to Make a Jewish Movie ( 1971 ) , a memoir of his experiences while producing and directing Cast a Giant Shadow , and the Hollywood-themed novel Lualda ( 1973 ) . Shavelson was a noted instructor at USC 's Master of Professional Writing Program from 1998-2006 . He taught screenwriting , who often cracked to his students , `` I 'm a writer by choice , a producer by necessity and a director in self-defense . '' He was an amateur radio operator and held the callsign W6VLH . Shavelson 's first wife , Lucille , died in 2000 . He was married to his second wife , Ruth Florea , from 2001 until his death in 2007 . He had two children , Lynne Joiner and Richard Shavelson .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a96fed149591ca6f0cff27eb1f1498bd",
"text": "List of accolades received by Dallas Buyers Club Dallas Buyers Club is a 2013 American biographical drama film directed by Jean-Marc Vallée based on a screenplay written by Craig Borten and Melisa Wallack . Matthew McConaughey stars as Ron Woodroof , an AIDS patient who smuggles unapproved AIDS drug treatments into Texas and establishes the titular club where he distributes them amongst other AIDS sufferers whilst opposed by the Food and Drug Administration . Jared Leto and Jennifer Garner feature in supporting roles . Dallas Buyers Club premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival on September 7 , 2013 . Focus Features initially gave the film a limited release at nine theaters on November 1 before expanding it on November 22 to over 600 theaters in the United States and Canada . The film grossed a worldwide total of over $ 55 million on a production budget of $ 5 million . Rotten Tomatoes , a review aggregator , surveyed 234 reviews and judged 94 % to be positive . Dallas Buyers Club garnered awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for the performances of actors , McConaughey and Leto . At the 86th Academy Awards , the film received six nominations , including Best Picture , Best Original Screenplay , Best Actor for McConaughey , and Best Supporting Actor for Leto . McConaughey and Leto went on to win their respective categories -- only the fifth film in Oscars history to win both awards . Hairstylist Adruitha Lee , and makeup artist Robin Mathews won for Best Makeup and Hairstyling . Mathews ' makeup budget for the film was only $ 250 . At the 71st Golden Globe Awards , McConaughey won for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Drama , and Leto won for Best Supporting Actor -- Motion Picture . At the Screen Actors Guild Awards the film had three nominations ; winning Best Actor for McConaughey and Best Supporting Actor for Leto . Borten and Wallack 's screenplay was also nominated for Best Original Screenplay at the Writers Guild of America Awards . The National Board of Review named Dallas Buyers Club one of the top ten independent films of 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3bf480669bdcac2ef483cd2d12ee448b",
"text": "Sleeper (1973 film) Sleeper is a 1973 American futuristic science fiction comedy film , directed by Woody Allen and written by Allen and Marshall Brickman . The plot involves the adventures of the owner of a health food store who is cryogenically frozen in 1973 and defrosted 200 years later in an ineptly led police state . The film contains many elements which parody notable works of science fiction and was made as a tribute to comedians Groucho Marx and Bob Hope .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "18a75c5ad0c17a861ba966e0fbe71d59",
"text": "BAFTA Award for Best Film The BAFTA Award for Best Film is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . It has been given since the 1st BAFTA Awards , representing the best films of 1947 , but until 1969 it was called the BAFTA Award for Best Film From Any Source . It is possible for films from any country to be nominated , although British films are also recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best British Film and ( since 1983 ) foreign-language films in BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language . As such , there have been multiple occasions of a film being nominated in two of these categories . There has been one tie for the Best Film award when , in 1962 , Ballad of a Soldier tied with The Hustler for Best Film from any Source . Until 1981 , the award was given to the director , except in 1976 and 1977 , when it was given to the producers . From 1981 to 1985 , it was given solely to the producers , and then in 1986 , it was shared between the Director and Producer . In 1998 , it was once again given to only the producers . In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4ff9dd9b14b898d34e33b64bbce56e1f",
"text": "Kenneth Lonergan Kenneth Lonergan ( born October 16 , 1962 ) is an American playwright , screenwriter , and director . He is best known for writing Gangs of New York ( 2002 ) and for writing and directing Manchester by the Sea ( 2016 ) . He earned an Academy Award for Best Director nomination for Manchester by the Sea , and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay for You Can Count on Me , Gangs of New York and Manchester by the Sea , winning the Oscar for the last at the 89th Academy Awards . He also won the BAFTA Award for Best Original Screenplay for Manchester by the Sea at the 70th British Academy Film Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b6d52d50d3d52686868f8dd5a63357f8",
"text": "Jim Allen (playwright) James `` Jim '' Allen ( 7 October 1926 -- 24 June 1999 ) was a socialist playwright from Miles Platting , Manchester , Lancashire , best known for his collaborations with Ken Loach .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ce37dbcc323b056860ac87e7f3c05e02",
"text": "Orion Pictures Orion Pictures Corporation is an American motion picture producer and distributor that produced and released films from 1978 until 1999 , and was also involved in television production and syndication throughout the 1980s until the early 1990s . It was formed in 1978 as a joint venture between Warner Bros. and three former top-level executives of United Artists . Although it was never a large motion picture producer , Orion achieved a comparatively high reputation for Hollywood quality . Woody Allen , James Cameron , Jonathan Demme , Oliver Stone , and several other prominent directors worked with Orion during its most successful years from 1978 to 1992 . Of the films distributed by Orion , four won Academy Awards for Best Picture : Amadeus ( 1984 ) , Platoon ( 1986 ) , Dances with Wolves ( 1990 ) , and The Silence of the Lambs ( 1991 ) . Two other Orion films , Hannah and Her Sisters ( 1986 ) and Mississippi Burning ( 1988 ) , were nominated for that same category . In 2013 , Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer revived the Orion name for television ; a year later Orion Pictures was quietly relaunched by the studio .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "97e69b12cafe8bac808c75e5d636fa5b",
"text": "Golden Raspberry Awards The Golden Raspberry Awards ( often shortened to Razzies and Razzie Awards ) is an award in recognition of the worst in film . Co-founded by UCLA film graduates and film-industry veterans , John J. B. Wilson and Mo Murphy , the annual Razzie Awards ceremony in Los Angeles precedes the corresponding Academy Awards ceremony by one day . The term raspberry in the name is used in its irreverent sense , as in `` blowing a raspberry '' . The awards themselves are in the form of a `` golf ball-sized raspberry '' which sits atop a Super 8 mm film reel , the whole of which is spray painted gold . The first Golden Raspberry Awards ceremony was held on March 31 , 1981 , at John J. B. Wilson 's living-room alcove in Los Angeles , to honor the worst in film of the 1980 film season . The 37th ceremony was held on February 25 , 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3ed72d632df5c16047a41afc2bda0c77",
"text": "The Professionals (1966 film) The Professionals is a 1966 American western written , produced , and directed by Richard Brooks . It starred Burt Lancaster , Lee Marvin , Robert Ryan , and Claudia Cardinale , with Jack Palance , Ralph Bellamy , and Woody Strode in supporting roles . The script was adapted from the novel A Mule for the Marquesa by Frank O'Rourke . The film received three Academy Award nominations and an enthusiastic critical reception .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "06bee763ab88bf322c23edce2ef326cd",
"text": "Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards 2014 The 20th Dallas -- Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards honoring the best in film for 2014 were announced on December 15 , 2014 . These awards `` recognizing extraordinary accomplishment in film '' are presented annually by the Dallas -- Fort Worth Film Critics Association ( DFWFCA ) , based in the Dallas -- Fort Worth metroplex region of Texas . The organization , founded in 1990 , includes 30 film critics for print , radio , television , and internet publications based in north Texas . The Dallas -- Fort Worth Film Critics Association began presenting its annual awards list in 1993 . Birdman was the DFWFCA 's most awarded film of 2014 , taking five top honors . Birdman won in Best Picture , Best Actor ( Michael Keaton ) , Best Director ( Alejandro G. Iñárritu ) , Best Cinematography ( Emmanuel Lubezki ) , and Best Screenplay ( Alejandro G. Iñárritu , Nicolás Giacobone , Alexander Dinelaris Jr. , and Armando Bo ) . Another film , Boyhood , earned multiple 2014 honors from the DFWFCA . The coming-of-age tale received top honors in the Best Supporting Actress ( Patricia Arquette ) as well as being presented the Russell Smith Award as the `` best low-budget or cutting-edge independent film '' of the year . The award is named in honor of late Dallas Morning News film critic Russell Smith . Reese Witherspoon was named Best Actress for her role as Cheryl Strayed in Wild . The other films earning honors were Sweden 's Force Majeure for Best Foreign Language Film , Citizenfour as Best Documentary Film , and The Lego Movie for Best Animated Film .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8fea465fcabb398c9acd0286f1eafcea",
"text": "Luv (play) Luv is a play by Murray Schisgal . A mix of absurdist humor and traditional Broadway comedy in the Neil Simon vein , Luv concerns two college friends - misfit Harry and materialistic Milt - who are reunited when the latter stops the former from jumping off a bridge , the play 's setting . Each discovers the other is equally miserable as they share hard-luck stories . Milt sees in Harry an answer to his primary problem - his wife Ellen , who he tries to foist on his old pal so he can run off with his mistress . After twenty-eight previews , the Broadway production , directed by Mike Nichols , opened on November 11 , 1964 at the Booth Theatre . It transferred to the Broadhurst and then the now-demolished Helen Hayes before completing its run of 901 performances . It won the Tony Award for Best Director , Best Producer ( Claire Nichtern ) and Best Scenic Design ( Oliver Smith ) . Alan Arkin , Eli Wallach , and Anne Jackson comprised the original cast . Barbara Bel Geddes , Larry Blyden , Gene Wilder , and Gabriel Dell were among the replacement performers later in the run . The 1967 film version , directed by Clive Donner and starring Jack Lemmon , Peter Falk , and Elaine May , added various locations and extraneous characters . Reviews criticized Donner 's heavy-handed approach to the material and the miscasting of the three leads , and it proved to be a commercial failure . Harrison Ford has an uncredited role as a hippie .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "75eb1ff6ce1f40eb3be1e1f73caad078",
"text": "Gene Allen (art director) Eugene `` Gene '' Allen ( June 17 , 1918 -- October 7 , 2015 ) was an American art director . He followed his father and became a Los Angeles Police officer after he was laid off from his first job as a sketch artist . After serving in the United States Navy during World War II , Allen went to art school to pursue his career . He won an Academy Award in 1965 for Best Art Direction for My Fair Lady , and was nominated for A Star Is Born in 1955 and for Les Girls in 1958 . He served as President of the Academy of Motion Pictures Arts and Sciences from 1983 to 1985 and received a Special Achievement Award from the Art Directors Guild in 1997 . Allen died on October 7 , 2015 at the age of 97 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "564dd2dbbf2b5c8bdf10b5ebcf47cd16",
"text": "Allen Wolf Allen Wolf ( born October 29 , 1970 ) is an American film director , screenwriter , film producer , novelist , and board game creator .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ac15bbc56715bc55dcc6de3bda402349",
"text": "César Award for Best Original Screenplay The César Award for Best Original Screenplay ( César du meilleur scénario original ) is an award presented by the Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma . It was initially awarded from 1983 to 1985 , and then awarded again in 2006 , when the original category ( César Award for Best Writing ) was split into two awards , the other being César Award for Best Adaptation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f4a11a16342cab932e628469dae661be",
"text": "Steve Gordon (director) Steve Gordon ( 1938 -- November 27 , 1982 ) was an American screenwriter and film director who is best known for writing and directing the 1981 comedy Arthur , starring Dudley Moore . Gordon died in New York City on November 27 , 1982 , from a heart attack . He was 44 years old . Gordon was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay for Arthur . The film not only marked his directorial debut , but his only work as a film director . He had written only one previous feature film , The One and Only ( 1978 ) , starring Henry Winkler , after having spent several years writing for television .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "486ba469045b01d35fd902f6f4553bb0",
"text": "The Producers (1968 film) The Producers is a 1968 American satirical comedy film written and directed by Mel Brooks and starring Zero Mostel , Gene Wilder , Dick Shawn , and Kenneth Mars . The film was Brooks 's directorial debut , and he won an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay . Although the release date was officially 1968 , the premier took place in Pittsburgh on November 22 , 1967 . Decades later , the film was selected for preservation in the National Film Registry and placed eleventh on the AFI 's 100 Years ... 100 Laughs list . It was later remade by Brooks as an acclaimed Broadway stage musical , which itself was adapted for a 2005 feature film starring Nathan Lane and Matthew Broderick .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "265457bbd71c6794b018f6d68b1e85e8",
"text": "25th Academy Awards The 25th Academy Awards ceremony was held on March 19 , 1953 . It took place at the RKO Pantages Theatre in Hollywood , California , and the NBC International Theatre in New York City . It was the first Academy Awards ceremony to be televised , and the first ceremony to be held in Hollywood and New York City simultaneously . It was also the only year that the New York ceremonies were to be held in the NBC International Theatre on Columbus Circle , which was shortly thereafter demolished and replaced by the New York Coliseum convention center . A major upset occurred in the category of Best Picture . The heavily favored High Noon lost to Cecil B. DeMille 's The Greatest Show on Earth , eventually considered among the worst films to have won the Academy Award for Best Picture . The American film magazine Premiere placed the movie on its list of the 10 worst Oscar winners and the British film magazine Empire rated it # 3 on their list of the 10 worst Oscar winners . It has the lowest spot on Rotten Tomatoes ' list of the 81 films to win Best Picture . Of all the films nominated for the Oscar this year , only High Noon and Singin ' in the Rain would show up 46 years later on the American Film Institute list of the greatest American films of the 20th Century . For a film that only received two nominations , Singin ' in the Rain went on to be named as the greatest American musical film of all time and in the 2007 American Film Institute updated list as the fifth greatest American film of all time , while High Noon was ranked twenty-seventh on the same 2007 list , as well . The Bad and the Beautiful won five awards , the most wins ever for a film not nominated for Best Picture . It was also the second Academy Awards in which a film not nominated for Best Picture received the most awards of the evening , excluding years where there were ties for the most wins . The only other film to do this was The Thief of Bagdad at the 13th Academy Awards ; as of the 87th Academy Awards , it has not happened since . Until Spotlight won only Best Picture and Best Original Screenplay at the 88th Academy Awards , this was the last year in which the Best Picture winner won just two Oscars . It was also the second of three years to date in which two films not nominated for Best Picture received more nominations than the winner ( The Bad and the Beautiful and Hans Christian Andersen , both with six ) . This occurred again at the 79th Academy Awards . Shirley Booth also became the last person to win an Oscar in a Leading Role to be born in the 19th century . She also holds the distinction of being the first woman in her 50s to win the award , at the age of 54 ( the second woman in her 50s to win , Julianne Moore , was 54 when awarded at the 87th Academy Awards ) . John Ford 's fourth win for Best Director set a record for the most wins in this category that remains unmatched to this day . For the first time since the introduction of Supporting Actor and Actress awards in 1936 , Best Picture , Best Director , and all four acting Oscars went to six different films . This has happened only three times since , at the 29th Academy Awards for 1956 , the 78th for 2005 , and the 85th for 2012 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "92de842d2de777ad24787d857ad94102",
"text": "Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy The Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture -- Musical or Comedy has been awarded annually since 1952 by the Hollywood Foreign Press Association ( HFPA ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5df96c0814e26b36c1c686b0693dcb1b",
"text": "26th Academy Awards The 26th Academy Awards honored the best in films of 1953 . The second national telecast of the Awards show drew an estimated 43 million viewers . Shirley Booth , appearing in a play in Philadelphia , presented the Best Actor award through a live broadcast cut-in , and privately received the winner 's name over the telephone from co-host Donald O'Connor . ( Actor Fredric March co-hosted from New York City . ) Gary Cooper filmed his presentation of the Best Actress award in advance on a set in Mexico , with O'Connor announcing the winner 's name . All the major winners in this year were black-and-white films . The big winner was Fred Zinnemann 's From Here to Eternity , with thirteen nominations and eight awards including Best Picture , Best Supporting Actor , Best Supporting Actress , Best Director , Best Screenplay ( Daniel Taradash ) , Best Cinematography ( Burnett Guffey ) , Best Sound , and Best Film Editing . All five of its major actors and actresses were nominated , with secondary players Donna Reed and Frank Sinatra taking home Oscars . The candid film was based on James Jones ' controversial , best-selling novel about Army life on a Hawaiian ( Oahu ) military base just prior to the Pearl Harbor attack and World War II , illustrating the conflict between an individualistic private ( Montgomery Clift ) and rigid institutional authority ( exemplified by the Army ) . Its achievement of eight awards matched the then record held by Gone with the Wind ( 1939 ) . The record would be tied again the following year by On the Waterfront ( 1954 ) . Walt Disney won four awards , which remains the record for the most Oscars won in the same year . William Holden 's speech for Best Actor for his role in Stalag 17 was simply `` Thank You '' , making it one of the shortest speeches ever ; the TV broadcast had a strict cutoff time which forced Holden 's quick remarks . The frustrated Holden personally paid for advertisements in the Hollywood trade publications to thank everyone he wanted to on Oscar night . He also remarked that he felt that either Burt Lancaster or Montgomery Clift should have won the Best Actor Oscar for From Here to Eternity , instead of him .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4f39a64bfcecd0176004877f4ac2b096",
"text": "Dead Poets Society Dead Poets Society is a 1989 American drama film directed by Peter Weir , written by Tom Schulman , and starring Robin Williams . Set in 1959 at the fictional elite conservative Vermont boarding school Welton Academy , it tells the story of an English teacher who inspires his students through his teaching of poetry . The film received critical acclaim and was a box office success . It won the BAFTA Award for Best Film , and César Award and David di Donatello Award for Best Foreign Film . Schulman received an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay for his work .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
b288576a6ffd51d40439bce237e4da51
|
Investment funds are also referred to as managed funds or simply funds.
|
[
{
"docid": "677f71ebb13b642b5e296100f4ce198a",
"text": "Investment fund An investment fund is a way of investing money alongside other investors in order to benefit from the inherent advantages of working as part of a group . These advantages include an ability to : hire professional investment managers , which may potentially be able to offer better returns and more adequate risk management ; benefit from economies of scale , i.e. , lower transaction costs ; increase the asset diversification to reduce some unsystematic risk . Terminology varies with country but investment funds are often referred to as investment pools , collective investment vehicles , collective investment schemes , managed funds , or simply funds . The regulatory term is undertaking for collective investment in transferable securities , or short collective investment undertaking ( cf. Law ) . An investment fund may be held by the public , such as a mutual fund , exchange-traded fund , special-purpose acquisition company or closed-end fund , or it may be sold only in a private placement , such as a hedge fund or private equity fund . The term also includes specialized vehicles such as collective and common trust funds , which are unique bank-managed funds structured primarily to commingle assets from qualifying pension plans or trusts . Investment funds are promoted with a wide range of investment aims either targeting specific geographic regions ( e.g. , emerging markets or Europe ) or specified industry sectors ( e.g. , technology ) . Depending on the country there is normally a bias towards the domestic market due to familiarity , and the lack of currency risk . Funds are often selected on the basis of these specified investment aims , their past investment performance , and other factors such as fees .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "43d60d0e841f0175dfe1b6afd9600b88",
"text": "Risk parity Risk parity ( or risk premia parity ) is an approach to investment portfolio management which focuses on allocation of risk , usually defined as volatility , rather than allocation of capital . The risk parity approach asserts that when asset allocations are adjusted ( leveraged or deleveraged ) to the same risk level , the risk parity portfolio can achieve a higher Sharpe ratio and can be more resistant to market downturns than the traditional portfolio . Roughly speaking , the approach of building a risk parity portfolio is similar to creating a minimum-variance portfolio subject to the constraint that each asset ( or asset class , such as bonds , stocks , real estate , etc. ) contributes equally to the portfolio overall volatility . Risk parity can also be a generalized term that denotes a variety of investment systems and techniques that utilize its principles . The principles of risk parity are applied differently according to the investment style and goals of various financial managers and yield different results . Some of its theoretical components were developed in the 1950s and 1960s but the first risk parity fund , called the All Weather fund , was pioneered in 1996 . In recent years many investment companies have begun offering risk parity funds to their clients . The term , risk parity , came into use in 2005 and was then adopted by the asset management industry . Risk parity can be seen as either a passive or active management strategy . Interest in the risk parity approach has increased since the late 2000s financial crisis as the risk parity approach fared better than traditionally constructed portfolios , as well as many hedge funds . Some portfolio managers have expressed skepticism about the practical application of the concept and its effectiveness in all types of market conditions but others point to its performance during the financial crisis of 2007-2008 as an indication of its potential success .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7217e53f5341cf456bb373f80194a7e4",
"text": "Asset health management Asset health management or ( AHM ) is the field of study which looks at how to manage the `` health '' of an asset or assets . This often includes methods to establish asset health and effort to decide the appropriate actions to be taken to manage the assets ' health . This also includes the discussion of health at end of life to ensure the asset 's full life is used efficiently . Asset health management includes many different methods which can sometime overlap in their intended scope and methods . Asset health management has become a difficult field to discuss due to the use of the same acronym to describe multiple different approaches and the use of the same approach with different names . Asset health management can be considered a subset of Asset management",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "88023ecbd0bd3af8198973b04369b909",
"text": "Segregated fund A Segregated Fund or Seg Fund is a type of investment fund administered by Canadian insurance companies in the form of individual , variable life insurance contracts offering certain guarantees to the policyholder such as reimbursement of capital upon death . As required by law , these funds are fully segregated from the company 's general investment funds , hence the eponym . A segregated fund is synonymous with the U.S. insurance industry `` separate account '' and related insurance and annuity products .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c01b13a54e784b37e5e4499da5d61824",
"text": "Evolution of Management Systems ' A management system is the framework of processes and procedures used to ensure that an organization can fulfill all tasks required to achieve its objectives . After World War II , the reigning paradigm of product-oriented mass production had reached its peak . Examples of management systems at that time are linear assembly lines , organizational hierarchies of command , product quality control and mass consumption . Soon afterwards , the Deming-Juran process-quality teachings spearheaded a new quality orientation ( later referred to as Total quality management ) and propelled Japan directly to the post-war process focus ( process quality control , just-in-time , continuous improvement ) . The US responded by a painful and prolonged product-to-process transformation , ultimately leveling the playing field again by the mid 1980s . At the end of the 1980s , business process reengineering focused on the radical redesign of the production process through the reintegration of task , labor and knowledge . As a result , lean , flexible and streamlined production processes were created , capable of fast response and internet-based integration necessary for the upcoming phase of supply chains - business-to-business ( B2B ) -- as well as demand chains -- business-to-customer ( B2C ) . In the above three stages of Evolution of Management Systems '' ' , the competitive advantage was derived almost exclusively from the internal resources of the firm . At the end of the 1980s , a radical fourth shift has occurred : the competitive advantage became increasingly derived from the external resources of the firm -- through the extended networks of suppliers and customers . Figure 1 refers to the basic scheme of production and service delivery process . It represents the traditional linear input-process-output management system . This system has been fixed and unchanging for centuries . The only change has been in terms of changing focus on individual components of the system , emphasizing different parts of this basic scheme . Although the scheme itself ( inputs → process → outputs ) remains mostly unchallenged , there are some indications that this business model will undergo major restructurings in the future ( in the emerging stages of Evolution of Management Systems ) . It will become disaggregated and distributed , subjected to non-linear modularity and bringing forth new ways of making things and delivering services . Then it will become reintegrated again , tying together globally distributed components into a unified recycling whole .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "369e4c00c3a003e4bcade85e7e6c853f",
"text": "Consolidated Fund A consolidated fund or the consolidated revenue fund is a term used in many countries with political systems derived from the Westminster system to describe the main bank account of the government .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "07ee2f34d866eb4a50fd8033aaf7307a",
"text": "Corporate law Corporate law ( also `` company '' or `` corporations '' law ) is the practice or study of how shareholders , directors , employees , creditors , and other stakeholders such as consumers , the community , and the environment interact with one another . Corporate law is a part of a broader companies law ( or law of business associations ) . Other types of business associations can include partnerships ( in the UK governed by the Partnership Act 1890 ) , or trusts ( like a pension fund ) , or companies limited by guarantee ( like some community organizations or charities ) . Under corporate law , corporations of all sizes have separate legal personality , with limited or unlimited liability for its shareholders . Shareholders control the company through a board of directors which , in turn , typically delegates control of the corporation 's day-to-day operations to a full-time executive . Corporate law deals with firms that are incorporated or registered under the corporate or company law of a sovereign state or their subnational states . The four defining characteristics of the modern corporation are : Separate legal personality of the corporation ( access to tort and contract law in a manner similar to a person ) Limited liability of the shareholders ( a shareholder 's personal liability is limited to the value of their shares in the corporation ) Shares ( if the corporation is a public company , the shares are traded on a stock exchange ) Delegated management ; the board of directors delegates day-to-day management of the company to executives In many developed countries outside of the English speaking world , company boards are appointed as representatives of both shareholders and employees to `` codetermine '' company strategy . Corporate law is often divided into corporate governance ( which concerns the various power relations within a corporation ) and corporate finance ( which concerns the rules on how capital is used ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7d85554ac17893f3487d1fed4e35688d",
"text": "Investment trust An investment trust is a form of collective investment found mostly in the United Kingdom . Investment trusts are closed-end funds and are constituted as public limited companies . In many respects , the investment trust was the progenitor of the investment company in the U.S. The name is somewhat misleading , given that ( according to law ) an investment `` trust '' is not in fact a `` trust '' in the legal sense at all , but a separate legal person or a company . This matters for the fiduciary duties owed by the trustees and the equitable ownership of the fund 's assets .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7476e828aea2da030b348929494d29ee",
"text": "Mutual fund trust",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "86db7916ec5e0b779b052a095c9a67d1",
"text": "Bias ratio The bias ratio is an indicator used in finance to analyze the returns of investment portfolios , and in performing due diligence . The bias ratio is a concrete metric that detects valuation bias or deliberate price manipulation of portfolio assets by a manager of a hedge fund , mutual fund or similar investment vehicle , without requiring disclosure ( transparency ) of the actual holdings . This metric measures abnormalities in the distribution of returns that indicate the presence of bias in subjective pricing . The formulation of the Bias Ratio stems from an insight into the behavior of asset managers as they address the expectations of investors with the valuation of assets that determine their performance . The bias ratio measures how far the returns from an investment portfolio -- e.g. one managed by a hedge fund -- are from an unbiased distribution . Thus the bias ratio of a pure equity index will usually be close to 1 . However , if a fund smooths its returns using subjective pricing of illiquid assets the bias ratio will be higher . As such , it can help identify the presence of illiquid securities where they are not expected . The bias ratio was first defined by Adil Abdulali , a risk manager at the investment firm Protégé Partners . The Concepts behind the Bias Ratio were formulated between 2001 and 2003 and privately used to screen money managers . The first public discussions on the subject took place in 2004 at New York University 's Courant Institute and in 2006 at Columbia University . In 2006 , the Bias Ratio was published in a letter to Investors and made available to the public by Riskdata , a risk management solution provider , that included it in its standard suite of analytics . The Bias Ratio has since been used by a number of Risk Management professionals to spot suspicious funds that subsequently turned out to be frauds . The most spectacular example of this was reported in the Financial Times on 22 January 2009 titled `` Bias ratio seen to unmask Madoff '' !",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "15b24b79a3099396c4a410ed8157c80c",
"text": "Diversified financial Diversified financials is a specific category of the Global Industry Classification Standard ( GICS ) that is used by the financial community . It includes a range of consumer and commercially oriented companies offering a wide variety of financial products and services , including various lending products ( such as home equity loans and credit cards ) , insurance , and securities and investment products . Many of these firms in this category are non-banking financial companies , specialist organisations like stock exchanges or financial holding companies that were created through consolidation of banks , insurance companies and brokerage firms to become universal banks .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5c2b53d1096a2ea61d18834f58e99000",
"text": "Transport finance Transport finance is the subject that explores how transport networks are paid for . The timing of the money required to finance transport is a principal issue . Many projects are `` pay-as-you-go '' , that is infrastructure , which lasts many years , is expected to be paid out of ongoing cash flow . Other projects are financed with bonds raised in capital markets . Bonds must be secured with an expected future cash flow . The cash flow , required for either pay-as-you-go or for bonds , must be raised . Common sources are user fees , such as gas taxes , and tolls . Other sources are general revenue . This issue is related to who bears the burden : users or the general public . Even if users bear the burden , that class must be subdivided , e.g. users during peak times or off-peak , freight or passenger traffic , urban or rural users , residents or non-residents ( many toll plazas are located on the state line to maximize revenue from non-residents ) . A third issue concerns the full costs of transportation . There are monetary costs , which are financed with money , as considered above , but there are also non-monetary costs ( sometimes called hidden costs ) , which are paid for by people 's time , by clean air , by peace and quiet , etc. . See the discussion of externalities for a fuller explication of non-monetary costs .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e4ac8941b822d8a02e0615a5211879ed",
"text": "Fund derivative A fund derivative is a financial structured product related to a fund , normally using the underlying fund to determine the payoff . This may be a private equity fund , mutual fund or hedge fund . Purchasers obtain exposure to the underlying fund ( or funds ) whilst improving their risk profile over a direct investment .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "95b9779c736f3654efcf9d6b657f7eaf",
"text": "Managed futures account A managed futures account ( MFA ) or managed futures fund is a type of alternative investment in the US in which trading in the futures markets is managed by another person or entity , rather than the fund 's owner . Managed futures accounts include , but are not limited to , commodity pools . These funds are operated by commodity trading advisors ( CTAs ) or commodity pool operators ( CPOs ) , who are generally regulated in the United States by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission and the National Futures Association . , the assets under management held by managed futures accounts totaled $ 340 billion .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5343056f1e5cc37f1d1351213c9e68ec",
"text": "List of mutual-fund families in the United States The following is a limited list of mutual-fund families in the United States . A family of mutual funds is a group of funds that are marketed under one or more brand names , usually having the same distributor ( the company which handles selling and redeeming shares of the fund in transactions with investors ) , and investment advisor ( which is usually a corporate cousin of the distributor ) . There are several hundred families of registered mutual funds in the United States , some with a single fund and others offering dozens . Many fund families are units of a larger financial services company such as an asset manager , bank , stock brokerage , or insurance company . Additionally , multiple funds in a family can be part of the same corporate structure ; that is , one underlying corporation or business trust may divide itself into more than one fund , each of which issues shares separately . __ TOC __",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b8324a156b3d3e52994d1366fd2cc08b",
"text": "Income trust An income trust is an investment that may hold equities , debt instruments , royalty interests or real properties . The trust can receive interest , royalty or lease payments from an operating entity carrying on a business , as well as dividends and a return of capital . The main attraction of income trusts ( in addition to certain tax preferences for some investors ) is their stated goal of paying out consistent cash flows for investors , which is especially attractive when cash yields on bonds are low . They are especially useful for financial requirements of institutional investors such as pension funds. , and for investors such as retired individuals seeking yield . Many investors are attracted by the fact that income trusts are not allowed to make forays into unrelated businesses : if a trust is in the oil and gas business it can not buy casinos or motion picture studios . The names income trust and income fund are sometimes used interchangeably , even though most trusts have a narrower scope than funds . Income trusts are most commonly seen in Canada . The closest analogue in the United States to the business and royalty trusts would be the master limited partnership .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "972d758e113d9d8d802856623f6a04e7",
"text": "Private equity firm A private equity firm is an investment management company that provides financial backing and makes investments in the private equity of startup or operating companies through a variety of loosely affiliated investment strategies including leveraged buyout , venture capital , and growth capital . Often described as a financial sponsor , each firm will raise funds that will be invested in accordance with one or more specific investment strategies . Typically , a private equity firm will raise pools of capital , or private equity funds that supply the equity contributions for these transactions . Private equity firms will receive a periodic management fee as well as a share in the profits earned ( carried interest ) from each private equity fund managed . Private equity firms , with their investors , will acquire a controlling or substantial minority position in a company and then look to maximize the value of that investment . Private equity firms generally receive a return on their investments through one of the following avenues : an initial public offering ( IPO ) -- shares of the company are offered to the public , typically providing a partial immediate realization to the financial sponsor as well as a public market into which it can later sell additional shares ; a merger or acquisition -- the company is sold for either cash or shares in another company ; a recapitalization -- cash is distributed to the shareholders ( in this case the financial sponsor ) and its private equity funds either from cash flow generated by the company or through raising debt or other securities to fund the distribution . Private equity firms characteristically make longer-hold investments in target industry sectors or specific investment areas where they have expertise . Private equity firms and investment funds should not be confused with hedge fund firms which typically make shorter-term investments in securities and other more liquid assets within an industry sector but with less direct influence or control over the operations of a specific company . Where private equity firms take on operational roles to manage risks and achieve growth through long term investments , hedge funds more frequently act as short-term traders of securities betting on both the up and down sides of a business or of an industry sector 's financial health .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "32c88301ae1b707a8536afad802f4c12",
"text": "Functional Strategy Functional strategy - organizational plans prepared for various functional areas of a company 's organizational structure ( e.g. , marketing strategy , financial strategy , production strategy etc. ) . Functional strategies can be part of overall corporate strategy or serve as separate plans of strategy cascading/implementation within a functional area . Some common functional strategies are : Production strategy ( `` make or buy '' ) - defines what the company produces itself , and that purchases from suppliers or partners , that is , how far worked out the production chain . Financial Strategy - to select the main source of funding : the development of their own funds ( depreciation , profit , the issue of shares , etc. ) or through debt financing ( bank loans , bonds , commodity suppliers ' credits , etc. ) . Organizational strategy - decision on the organization of the staff ( choose the type of organizational structure , compensation system , etc. ) . others , such as : research and development ( R & D ) strategy , investment strategy , etc. . In addition , each of the functional strategies can be divided into components . For example , organizational strategy can be divided into three components : strategy of building organizations - to select the type of structure ( divisional , functional , project , etc. ) ; strategy to work with the staff - a way of training ( mainly administrative staff ) , training of staff ( in a business or educational institutions ) , career planning , etc. ; strategy of remuneration ( wages , rewards and penalties ) - in particular , the approach to the compensation of senior managers ( salary , bonuses , profit sharing , etc. ) . Responsible for implementation of the strategy at the functional level are senior specialists ( Ch . Engineer , Director of Finance ) . At the enterprise level - CEO , general director or director of the department , at the level of groups of companies - a collegiate body ( board of directors ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "49d0a070613ca4eb0e0d56823f88845b",
"text": "Stock exchanges of small economies A Stock exchange is a corporation or mutual organization which provides facilities for stockbrokers and traders to trade stocks and other securities . It may be a physical trading room where the traders gather , or a formalised communications network . Creation of a stock exchange is a strategy of economic development : it provides a means of raising capital for investment . Stock markets may enhance economic activity through the creation of liquidity : a liquid equity market makes investment more attractive because it allows individuals to acquire equity and when required to sell it quickly and cheaply . At the same time , companies enjoy permanent access to capital raised through equity issues . It has been found that countries that open stock markets grow faster , on average , than the control groups . An alternative view is that market liquidity may also hurt economic growth , because it encourages short-termism . A downside of raising capital on a stock exchange is that it may result in loss of company control , typically to powerful large investors . Foreign ownership of securities and assets is often unappealing . Extremely low income levels keep share ownership beyond the reach of most people in developing countries . Countries without a stock exchange include Democratic Republic of the Congo . The Mongolian Stock Exchange was the world 's smallest stock exchange by market capitalisation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1c9fab7a781f34a2b57a0140d18667fa",
"text": "Concentrated stock Concentrated stock is an equity making up a substantial part ( usually , more than 30 % ) of the investor 's portfolio . The major risk associated with such a portfolio is a lack of diversification ; concentrated stock makes a large portion of the investor 's wealth dependent on the performance of one particular stock . The reasons for keeping a concentrated stock may be restrictions for sale ( see restricted stock ) , emotional attachment , donation , inheritance , stock options , and the selling of businesses .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ca83c2d7b16cc8fb1b88a8d89aa09ef2",
"text": "United Kingdom company law The United Kingdom company law regulates corporations formed under the Companies Act 2006 . Also governed by the Insolvency Act 1986 , the UK Corporate Governance Code , European Union Directives and court cases , the company is the primary legal vehicle to organise and run business . Tracing their modern history to the late Industrial Revolution , public companies now employ more people and generate more of wealth in the United Kingdom economy than any other form of organisation . The United Kingdom was the first country to draft modern corporation statutes , where through a simple registration procedure any investors could incorporate , limit liability to their commercial creditors in the event of business insolvency , and where management was delegated to a centralised board of directors . An influential model within Europe , the Commonwealth and as an international standard setter , UK law has always given people broad freedom to design the internal company rules , so long as the mandatory minimum rights of investors under its legislation are complied with . Company law , or corporate law , can be broken down into two main fields . Corporate governance in the UK mediates the rights and duties among shareholders , employees , creditors and directors . Since the board of directors habitually possesses the power to manage the business under a company constitution , a central theme is what mechanisms exist to ensure directors ' accountability . UK law is `` shareholder friendly '' in that shareholders , to the exclusion of employees , typically exercise sole voting rights in the general meeting . The general meeting holds a series of minimum rights to change the company constitution , issue resolutions and remove members of the board . In turn , directors owe a set of duties to their companies . Directors must carry out their responsibilities with competence , in good faith and undivided loyalty to the enterprise . If the mechanisms of voting do not prove enough , particularly for minority shareholders , directors ' duties and other member rights may be vindicated in court . Of central importance in public and listed companies is the securities market , typified by the London Stock Exchange . Through the Takeover Code the UK strongly protects the right of shareholders to be treated equally and freely trade their shares . Corporate finance concerns the two money raising options for limited companies . Equity finance involves the traditional method of issuing shares to build up a company 's capital . Shares can contain any rights the company and purchaser wish to contract for , but generally grant the right to participate in dividends after a company earns profits and the right to vote in company affairs . A purchaser of shares is helped to make an informed decision directly by prospectus requirements of full disclosure , and indirectly through restrictions on financial assistance by companies for purchase of their own shares . Debt finance means getting loans , usually for the price of a fixed annual interest repayment . Sophisticated lenders , such as banks typically contract for a security interest over the assets of a company , so that in the event of default on loan repayments they may seize the company 's property directly to satisfy debts . Creditors are also , to some extent , protected by courts ' power to set aside unfair transactions before a company goes under , or recoup money from negligent directors engaged in wrongful trading . If a company is unable to pay its debts as they fall due , UK insolvency law requires an administrator to attempt a rescue of the company ( if the company itself has the assets to pay for this ) . If rescue proves impossible , a company 's life ends when its assets are liquidated , distributed to creditors and the company is struck off the register . If a company becomes insolvent with no assets it can be wound up by a creditor , for a fee ( not that common ) , or more commonly by the tax creditor ( HMRC ) .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
97ecfa91548d7d23c418d8ef3ece935a
|
Sriti Jha is an actress.
|
[
{
"docid": "d2e3cc8275281e189c5990b733f74d62",
"text": "Sriti Jha Sriti Jha ( born February 26 , 1986 ) is an Indian television actress , who appears in the Indian soap opera . She made her debut with the role of Malini Sharma in the Disney India 's teen drama Dhoom Machaao Dhoom . Jha rose to prominence with the serial Jyoti on NDTV Imagine as Sudha Sharma . She is a currently playing the lead role of Pragya in Zee TV 's show Kumkum Bhagya .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "8a83ddaa1eca7a61974df9f2516d8bee",
"text": "Hema Malini Hema Malini ( `` Hema Malini Chakravarty '' ) ( born 16 October 1948 , Ammankudi ( Orathanadu ) , Tamil Nadu , India ) is an Indian actress , director , producer , dancer and politician . 1963 she made acting debut in Tamil film `` Ithu Sathiyam '' as a dancer resp . supporting actress . Malini first acted in main role in Sapno Ka Saudagar ( 1968 ) , and went on to feature in numerous Bollywood films , primarily as the lead actress . In most of her films , she starred opposite her husband ; Dharmendra and with Rajesh Khanna and Dev Anand . Malini was initially promoted as the `` Dream Girl '' , and in 1977 starred in a film of the same name . She has played both comic and dramatic roles , as well as being a dancer . She has appeared in more than 150 films . During her career , Malini received eleven nominations for the Filmfare Award for Best Actress , winning the award in 1972 . In 2000 , Malini won the Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award and also the Padma Shri , the fourth-highest civilian honour awarded by the Government of India . In 2012 , the Sir Padampat Singhania University conferred an Honorary Doctorate on Malini in recognition of her contribution to Indian cinema . Malini served as chairperson of the National Film Development Corporation . In 2006 , Malini received Sopori Academy of Music And Performing Arts ( SaMaPa ) Vitasta award from Bhajan Sopori in Delhi for her contribution and service to Indian culture and dance . In 2013 , she received the NTR National Award from Government of Andhra Pradesh for her contribution to Indian cinema . From 2003 to 2009 , Malini was elected to the Rajya Sabha , the upper House of parliament , as a representative of the Bharatiya Janata Party . In 2014 , Malini was elected to the Lok Sabha . Malini has been involved with charitable and social ventures . Currently , Malini is also a life member of the International Society for Krishna Consciousness ( ISKCON ) . She was the top and successful actress of her time . She has been praised by critics for dancing and acting",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aac74b3ebd0cb3d576604de278708f60",
"text": "Muktha (actress) Elsa George , known as Muktha in Malayalam movie industry and by Bhanu in Tamil movie industry , is an Indian film actress . She has acted in a number of Malayalam and Tamil language films . She is a classical dancer and an entrepreneur too .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1f7bbc9d311ccbbbb04f6f5b94b6ff8c",
"text": "Aditi Chengappa Aditi Chengappa is an Indian actress , who appears in Telugu , Tamil and Hindi cinema .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "97f33c346e06b07411e83187fa7e3542",
"text": "Swathi (actress) Swathi is an Indian film actress who has appeared in Hindi , Kannada , Telugu and Tamil films . She is probably best known for her performances in Deva and Vaanmathi .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e6286e53de3a54e56795f523437f2059",
"text": "Heera (1973 film) Heera is a 1973 producer and directed by Sultan Ahmed . The film stars Sunil Dutt , Asha Parekh and Shatrughan Sinha in lead role . The film was a `` Hit '' at the box office and ranked 9th in top grossers on 1973 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "093b90a4c0cb8414fea33ca1d9e16830",
"text": "Siddhartha Jadhav Siddhartha Ramchandra Jadhav ( in Marathi : सिद्धार्थ रामचंद्र जाधव ) is an Indian actor and comedian . He is popular on television and has acted in Marathi and Hindi movies making him one of the most talented and successful actors in both Marathis films and television . His religion is Buddhism . He has acted in several Bollywood movies like Golmaal and Golmaal Returns but he asserts that his first love is Marathi film , TV and stage . He is currently paired with Bharti Singh on TV show Comedy Circus Ke Ajoobe and has been working with her for 3 seasons consecutive .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ae1e6595d729f892df9879240971fbbe",
"text": "Rama (actress) Rama is an Indian film actress who has appeared in the Tamil film industry .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c586c9d6b3ae0b6a47f67f841e06c7ce",
"text": "Rahul (film) Rahul is an Indian film directed and produced by Prakash Jha . The film stars Neha , Neena Kulkarni and Gulshan Grover are in lead roles .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "afbe385fb42c4880250d708037a559e9",
"text": "Parvathy (actress) Parvathy ( born Parvathy Thiruvoth Kottuvata ) is an Indian film actress from Kozhikode , Kerala , who stars in South Indian films . She made her debut in the 2006 Malayalam film Out of Syllabus . She 's well known for her performances in films such as Notebook ( 2006 ) , Poo ( 2008 ) , Prithvi ( 2010 ) , City of God ( 2011 ) , Maryan ( 2013 ) , Bangalore Days ( 2014 ) , Uttama Villain ( 2015 ) , Ennu Ninte Moideen ( 2015 ) , Charlie ( 2015 ) and Take Off ( 2017 ) . Parvathy has won various awards and accolades for her roles . Parvathy won the 2015 Kerala State Film Award for Best Actress for her performances in the Malayalam films Ennu Ninte Moideen and Charlie . She won Filmfare awards for various roles as well , including the 2015 Filmfare Award for Best Actress for her role as Kanchanamala in the Malayalam film Ennu Ninte Moideen ( 2015 ) and the 2008 Filmfare Award for Best Actress for her role as Maari in the Tamil film Poo . She also won the 2014 Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress for her role as RJ Sarah in the Malayalam film Bangalore Days ( 2014 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4aa3931f7a7558bc598e3ed1a5333979",
"text": "Shree Shree may refer to : Sri , an honorific commonly used in the Indian subcontinent Shree , an alternate title for Hindu goddess Lakshmi Shree ( raga ) , the Hindustani classical music scale Shree ragam , the Carnatic music scale Shree ( 2002 film ) , a Tamil film starring Suriya , Shruthika , and Gayatri Jayaraman Shree ( 2013 film ) , a Hindi film starring Hussain Kuwajerwala , Paresh Ganatra and Anjali Patil Shree ( TV series ) , a Hindi supernatural soap opera",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "15de4fea6d1defb9167a6e11108320bb",
"text": "Cinema of India The cinema of India consists of films produced across India . Cinema as a medium has gained immense popularity in the country and as many as 1,600 films in various languages of India are produced annually . Indian films have also come to be followed throughout South Asia , the Greater Middle East , Southeast Asia and other countries . Dadasaheb Phalke is known as the `` father of Indian cinema '' . The Dadasaheb Phalke Award , for lifetime contribution to cinema , was instituted in his honour , by the Government of India in 1969 , and is the most prestigious and coveted award in Indian cinema . In the 20th century , Indian cinema , along with the Hollywood and Chinese film industries , became a global enterprise . As of 2013 , in terms of annual film output , India ranks first , followed by Nollywood , Hollywood and China . In 2012 , India produced 1,602 feature films . The Indian film industry reached overall revenues of $ 1.86 billion ( 93 billion ) in 2011 . This is projected to rise to $ 3 billion ( 200 billion ) in 2016 . In 2015 , India had a total box office gross of , the fourth largest in the world outside North America . Enhanced technology paved the way for upgrading from established cinematic norms of delivering product , altering the manner in which content reached the target audience . Biopics like Dangal and CGI-laden epics like Baahubali emerged as transnational blockbusters grossing over $ 200 million each in early 21st century . Indian cinema found markets in over 90 countries where films from India are screened . The Indian government extended film delegations to foreign countries such as the United States of America and Japan while the country 's Film Producers Guild sent similar missions through Europe . The provision of 100 % foreign direct investment has made the Indian film market attractive for foreign enterprises such as 20th Century Fox , Sony Pictures , Walt Disney Pictures and Warner Bros. . Indian enterprises such as AVM Productions , Prasad 's Group , Sun Pictures , PVP Cinemas , Zee , UTV , Suresh Productions , Eros Films , Ayngaran International , Pyramid Saimira , Aascar Films and Adlabs also participated in producing and distributing films . Tax incentives to multiplexes have aided the multiplex boom in India . By 2003 as many as 30 film production companies had been listed in the National Stock Exchange of India , making the commercial presence of the medium felt . The South Indian film industry defines the four film cultures of South India as a single entity . They are the Telugu , the Tamil , the Malayalam and the Kannada industries . Although developed independently over a long period , gross exchange of film performers and technicians as well as globalisation helped to shape this new identity . The Indian diaspora consists of millions of Indians overseas for which films are made available both through media such as DVDs and by screening of films in their country of residence wherever commercially feasible . These earnings , accounting for some 12 % of the revenue generated by a mainstream film , contribute substantially to the overall revenue of Indian cinema , the net worth of which was found to be 1.3 billion in 2000 . Music in Indian cinema is another substantial revenue generator with the music rights alone accounting for 4 -- 5 % of the net revenues generated by a film in India .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "42d80bd67a5a2c36aff43fb6e38cd7f6",
"text": "National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Odia The National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Odia is one of the National Film Awards presented annually by the Directorate of Film Festivals , the organisation set up by Ministry of Information and Broadcasting , India . It is one of several awards presented for feature films and awarded with Rajat Kamal ( Silver Lotus ) . The National Film Awards , established in 1954 , are the most prominent film awards in India that merit the best of the Indian cinema . The ceremony also presents awards for films in various regional languages . Awards for films in seven regional language ( Bengali , Hindi , Kannada , Malayalam , Marathi , Tamil and Telugu ) started from 2nd National Film Awards which were presented in 1955 . Three awards of `` President 's Silver Medal for Best Feature Film '' , `` Certificate of Merit for the Second Best Feature Film '' and `` Certificate of Merit for the Third Best Feature Film '' were instituted . The later two certificate awards were discontinued from 15th National Film Awards ( 1967 ) . The films made in Odia language were not considered until the 8th National Film Awards ceremony held in March 1961 . The 1960 Prafulla Kumar Sengupta directorial film Sri Lokenath received the first president 's Silver Medal for Best Feature Film in Odia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "be5ac1153451460f57677e629c0ee3f4",
"text": "Cinema of Sri Lanka Sri Lankan cinema encompasses the films made in Sri Lanka . It is a fledgling industry that has struggled to find a footing since its inauguration in 1947 with Kadawunu Poronduwa produced by S.M. Nayagam of Chitra Kala Movietone . Sri Lankan films are usually made in the Sinhalese language , the language of the majority Sinhala people . In the first nine years most films were made in South India and followed the conventions of Indian cinema . Studio shooting was the norm , with Indian style sets erected in film studios . Even though it is popularly held that Rekava , made in 1956 by pioneer director Lester James Peries , was the first Sinhala film to be shot completely out of studio , it was really the film `` Gambada Sundari '' , made in 1950 which was the first film shot outside studios . It was also the first Sri Lankan film where , like in `` Rekawa '' , the dialog was recorded on the spot . This was because the film was shot on 16mm , using an Auricon sound-on-film camera which recorded the sound on the 16mm film optically , unlike in the case of where the sound was recorded on a Kinevox 35mm magnetic recorder . The film was later ` blown-up ' to 35mm and was screened in Colombo in 1950 . Though `` Rekawa '' was acclaimed by local and international critics , the film failed to find an audience in the country and was a box office failure . Films continued to follow formulaic storylines borrowed from India up through the early 1960s despite such efforts as Sandesaya and Kurulu Bedda . In 1964 , Lester James Peries again contributed to the development of Sri Lankan cinema with Gamperaliya which was the first Sinhala film to feature no songs and like Rekava shot completely outside the studio . It garnered massive praise for portraying Sinhala culture in a realistic manner and was hailed by critics and audiences alike . The producer Anton Wicremasinghe was awarded the Silver Peacock at the New Delhi International Film Festival for Gamperaliya . Following this breakthrough , several artistic Sinhala films were made in the late-1960s including Sath Samudura by professor Siri Gunasinghe , ably supported by exquisite cinematography by Dr.D.B . Nihalsinghe . During the 1970s several talents came to the forefront while commercial cinema continued to steal storylines and plots from Indian films . These include Dr. D.B. Nihalsingha with `` Weilkatara '' - Sri Lanka 's first film in Cinemascope ratio wide screen in 1972 ; Vasantha Obeysekera who followed up his well-received debut Ves Gatho with a slew of successful films culminating with Palangetiyo in 1979 . Another major director who stepped forward during this time is Dharmasena Pathiraja who examined the tensions of city youth in such works as Bambaru Awith and Ahas Gauwa . Artist and poet Mahagama Sekera 's sole film Thun Man Handiya is also an important film in Sri Lankan cinema released in 1970 . Sumitra Peries , the wife of Lester James Peries , also struck out during the 1970s with work that looked at the conflicting roles of women in society . Her work include Gehenu Lamai and Ganga Addara . Over the next few decades , artists such as Tissa Abeysekara , Dr. D.B. Nihalsingha , Udayakantha Warnasooriya , H.D.Premaratne , Ashoka Handagama , Prasanna Vithanage and Vimukthi Jayasundara have attempted to breathe new life into the industry . Nihalsingha was an accomplished cinematographer as well as an editor : so his films has an input which was special and brought a viewpoint to all his films , most of which focused on the exploited women . Vithanage 's film Purahanda Kaluwara is widely considered one of the best movies made in Sri Lanka as is Jayasundara 's Sulanga Enu Pinisa which won the coveted Camera d'Or for best first film at the 2005 Cannes Film Festival . During Sri Lankan Civil War several films have begun to tackle gritty subjects such as family relationships , abortion and results of the conflict between the military and Tamil Tiger rebels in the north . Director Asoka Handagama especially has drawn criticism for pursuing such material in his work . In the recent years high budget films like Aloko Udapadi , Aba ( film ) and Maharaja Gemunu based on Sinhalese epic historical stories gain huge success .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "23c4dbe8ca788244fa8081fc30bf4c85",
"text": "Shweta Salve Shveta Salve is an Indian television actress and model , most known as runners-up of the dance reality series , Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa ( Season 1 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d594767ec8adbea91fb4b0e4057e828f",
"text": "Esha Kansara Esha Kansara is an Indian television actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bb7ac923ad440a25aa792aacc7679a43",
"text": "Geetha Arts Geetha Arts ( Telugu : గీతా ఆర్ట్స్ ) is an Indian film production and distribution company established in 1972 by Allu Aravind , brother-in-law of Chiranjeevi . The company is based in Hyderabad and had produced films in Telugu , Tamil , Kannada and Hindi languages . Geetha Arts though came to be known for its big-budget blockbusters , the company marked its beginning by producing a small-budget movie Banthrotu Bharya in 1974 . The company delivered several successful projects from the beginning , the film Vijetha , a family drama starring Chiranjeevi set the trend of blockbusters for Geetha Arts . Since then , Geetha Arts has made movies mostly featuring superstars such as Chiranjeevi , Rajinikanth , Aamir Khan , Anil Kapoor , Pawan Kalyan , Allu Arjun and Ram Charan . After consolidating the film production business , Geetha Arts expanded its presence into film distribution , exhibition and digital content . In the highly fragmented and unorganized industry , Geetha Arts is one of the few players that has streamlined its business and evolve into an integrated film conglomerate .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6671c7be965b681788449a292b7fda4d",
"text": "B. Saroja Devi B. Saroja Devi is an Indian actress , who has acted in Kannada , Tamil , Telugu and Hindi movies . One of the most successful female leads in the history of Indian cinema , she acted in around 200 films over six decades . She is known by the epithets `` Abinaya Saraswathi '' ( Saraswati of acting ) in Kannada and `` Kannadathu Paingili '' ( Kannada 's Parrot ) in Tamil At the age of 17 , Saroja Devi got her big break with her debut movie itself , that 's the Kannada film Mahakavi Kalidasa ( 1955 ) . In Telugu cinema , she made her debut with Panduranga Mahatyam ( 1959 ) , and starred in a number of successful films until the late 1970s . The Tamil film Nadodi Mannan ( 1958 ) made her one of the top actresses in Tamil cinema . After her marriage in 1967 , she continued to be second in demand actress in Tamil films till 1974 , but she continued to be one of the top actresses in Telugu and Kannada cinema from 1958 until the 1980s . She also starred in Hindi films until the mid-1960s , starting with Paigham ( 1959 ) . She played the lead heroine in 161 consecutive films in 29 years between 1955 and 1984 . Saroja Devi received the Padma Sri , the fourth-highest civilian honour , in 1969 and Padma Bhushan , third highest civilian award , in 1992 from the Government of India , honourary doctorate from Bangalore University and Kalaimamani award from Tamil nadu .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e085c0835295b9d48a46345df7de559f",
"text": "National Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer The National Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer is an honour presented annually at the National Film Awards of India since 1968 to a female playback singer for the best renditions of songs from soundtracks within the Indian film industry . Throughout the years , accounting for ties and repeat winners , the Government of India has presented a total of 45 Best Female Playback Singer awards to 23 different female playback singers . Until 1974 , winners of the National Film Award received a commemorative plaque and certificate ; since 1975 , they have been awarded with a `` Rajat Kamal '' ( silver lotus ) , certificate and a cash prize that amounted to in 2013 . The first recipient was P. Susheela , who was honoured at the 16th National Film Award ( 1968 ) for her renditions from the Tamil film Uyarntha Manithan . The singer who won the most number of Rajat Kamal awards is K. S. Chithra with six wins , followed by P. Susheela with five . As of 2013 , two singers -- S. Janaki and Shreya Ghoshal -- have won the award four times , and two -- Lata Mangeshkar and Vani Jairam -- have won it thrice . The award has been won twice by Asha Bhosle , Alka Yagnik and Arati Ankalikar-Tikekar . S. Janaki , K. S. Chithra , and Shreya Ghoshal have won the award for their renditions in three different languages . Shreya Ghoshal is the sole recipient of the award for two different songs in the same year in two different languages . Uthara Unnikrishnan is the youngest winner , picking up the award at the age of 10 for the rendition of a song from the Tamil film Saivam ( 2014 ) . No award was given for this category in 1973 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b706a0f45f4618bceb5297d53c9db9ab",
"text": "Asani Warsha Asani Warsha ( Wrath & Rain ) is a 2007 Sri Lankan Sinhala drama film directed by Vasantha Obeysekera and produced by Soma Edirisinghe for EAP Films . It stars Jagath Chamila , Kamal Addararachchi and Meena Kumari in lead roles along with Sanath Gunathilake and Mahendra Perera . Music composed by Premasiri Khemadasa . It is the 1048th Sri Lankan film in the Sinhala cinema .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "983ae1e37154d946322083dc3f47496c",
"text": "Chittod Ki Rani Padmini Ka Johur Chittod Ki Rani Padmini Ka Johur ( English : The Johur of the Queen Padmini of Chittod ) was an Indian historical television drama on Sony Entertainment Television ( India ) , based on the life of Rani Padmini , the famous 14th-century queen of Chittod , Mewar , Rajasthan . The drama premiered on 25 May 2009 with Sony TV 's `` new look '' along with many other shows . The series is produced by National Award ( India ) winning director , Nitin Chandrakant Desai , who spent millions of rupees to create the `` right look '' for the drama . The drama was meant to run for 6 months ( 104 episodes ) , but ended after 48 episodes due to its exceeding expenses and low TRPs .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
65127d4d4238f849abab58fcb98b74e1
|
UFC 216 is a mixed martial arts event to be held at Rogers Place on September 9, 2017.
|
[
{
"docid": "ffe7e398f09df4784648036c4cfa07cf",
"text": "UFC 216 UFC 216 is an upcoming mixed martial arts event produced by the Ultimate Fighting Championship that will be held on September 9 , 2017 at Rogers Place in Edmonton , Alberta .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "a1a0529e5a125a4f6af12aeeba96470f",
"text": "NXT TakeOver: Orlando NXT TakeOver : Orlando was a professional wrestling event in the NXT TakeOver series that took place on April 1 , 2017 , at the Amway Center in Orlando , Florida , as part of the WrestleMania 33 weekend festivities . The event was produced by WWE for its NXT brand , the event was streamed live on the WWE Network . Five matches were contested at the event . In the main event , Bobby Roode defeated Shinsuke Nakamura to retain the NXT Championship . On the undercard , Asuka retained the NXT Women 's Championship against Ember Moon and Authors of Pain retained the NXT Tag Team Championship against #DIY ( Johnny Gargano and Tommaso Ciampa ) and The Revival ( Scott Dawson and Dash Wilder ) . The event also saw the debut of Aleister Black . All of the championships were given new belt designs . This was also the final NXT event for Shinsuke Nakamura , Tye Dillinger , and The Revival ( Scott Dawson and Dash Wilder ) , who were called up to the main rosters of SmackDown and Raw respectively . This event is also notable for the return of Drew Galloway ( now under the name Drew McIntyre he previously used in WWE ) , who was sitting in the front rows , until ESPN confirmed that Galloway had re-signed with WWE and will perform under the NXT brand .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "15cfdc058e59239f9fe83298f11b4d03",
"text": "2005 in UFC The year 2005 is the 13th year in the history of the Ultimate Fighting Championship ( UFC ) , a mixed martial arts promotion based in the United States . In 2005 the UFC held 10 events beginning with , UFC 51 : Super Saturday . The reality TV series The Ultimate Fighter and the UFC Ultimate Fight Night both premiered on Spike TV . The Ultimate Fighter 1 Finale was the first ever live UFC broadcast on non-pay-per-view television .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "54b574d69ff25c89e42206a358ec4a45",
"text": "UFC 185 UFC 185 : Pettis vs. dos Anjos was a mixed martial arts event held on March 14 , 2015 at the American Airlines Center in Dallas , Texas .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a790cad961c3254b19a26492714b773c",
"text": "UFC 214 UFC 214 : Cormier vs Jones 2 is an upcoming mixed martial arts event to be held by the Ultimate Fighting Championship on July 29 , 2017 at Honda Center in Anaheim , California .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "610773e11a337d061486c7a43d42721c",
"text": "UFC: Fight for the Troops UFC : Fight for the Troops ( also known as UFC Fight Night 16 ) was a mixed martial arts event held by the Ultimate Fighting Championship ( UFC ) on December 10 , 2008 at the Cumberland County Crown Coliseum in Fayetteville , North Carolina .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b2772564afb04422e6df27be4db98730",
"text": "UFC Fight Night: Boetsch vs. Henderson UFC Fight Night : Boetsch vs. Henderson ( also known as UFC Fight Night 68 ) was a mixed martial arts event held on June 6 , 2015 at the Smoothie King Center in New Orleans , Louisiana .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "528e28efb864e01d559a452239c7555b",
"text": "2017 Boston Pizza Cup The 2017 Boston Pizza Cup was held from February 8 to 12 at the Rotary Spirit Centre in Westlock , Alberta .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3a6bf7896e635bc13034929d32ff55fe",
"text": "UFC Fight Night: Belfort vs. Henderson 3 UFC Fight Night : Belfort vs. Henderson 3 ( also known as UFC Fight Night 77 ) was a mixed martial arts event held on November 7 , 2015 at the Ginásio do Ibirapuera in São Paulo , Brazil .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a74691b81e9a4c5c82c37ea92236273b",
"text": "List of Fighting Network Rings events This is a list of mixed martial arts events held and scheduled by the Fighting Network Rings , a mixed martial arts and professional wrestling promotion .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c1a482756e6a03e2c46a8a97fca27735",
"text": "UFC on Fox: Johnson vs. Reis UFC on Fox : Johnson vs. Reis ( also known as UFC on Fox 24 ) was a mixed martial arts event produced by the Ultimate Fighting Championship held on April 15 , 2017 at the Sprint Center in Kansas City , Missouri .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8551e8278b8ec7f5f4081f3f9310b836",
"text": "Extreme Rules (2017) Extreme Rules ( 2017 ) is an upcoming professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event and WWE Network event , produced by WWE for the Raw brand . It will take place on June 4 , 2017 , at the Royal Farms Arena in Baltimore , Maryland . It will be the ninth event under the Extreme Rules chronology .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d09f9d100ee95eaff2dd3cd48bb89594",
"text": "World Fighting Alliance The World Fighting Alliance was a mixed martial arts organization based in the United States . Owned and organized by MMA legend and trainer John Lewis ( Promoter/Match Maker ) and nightclub operator and `` Club Rubber '' promoter John Huntington ( Producer ) along with Lawyer Louis Palazzo ( Investor ) , the WFA began promoting events after the Nevada State Athletic Commission began sanctioning mixed martial arts . The Las Vegas-based promotion , unlike its cross-town rival , the Ultimate Fighting Championship , featured a nightclub environment and a slogan of `` Where the fight club meets the Night Club '' . Sexy and flashy , its events featured several scantily-clad ring girls between rounds and go-go dancers between fights , and plenty of loud music , including guest performers like Ice-T . However , in an incident at Level 3 which seriously harmed the promotion 's reputation , credentialed photographers were ejected by venue security from their areas and were forced to move to where they could not take acceptable pictures . The inconvenience caused by the ejection was substantial , some writers at the event were forced to track down their photographers and leave their beat , while some offended editors decided to yank coverage of the event altogether . While the difficulties of the last event did not seem to deter the promotion and the promoters promised a Level 4 , Lewis and Huntington did not promote another WFA event since , and the promotion was assumed to be defunct . After a rise of interest in mixed martial arts in the United States in 2005 , the WFA reemerged with new ownership and began an aggressive program to establish itself as a new major mixed martial arts promotion . The owners , Ross Goodman and Louis Palazzo , both attorneys from Las Vegas , began by signing contracts with several of the biggest free agents on the market , including former UFC middleweight contender and Olympic silver medalist Matt Lindland , PRIDE middleweight contender Quinton Jackson , retired UFC and Pancrase champion Bas Rutten , former top-ranked Bantamweight fighter Urijah Faber , and former UFC Heavyweight Champion Ricco Rodriguez . In their recruitment efforts , they also came close to signing Tito Ortiz before he was enticed by an offer from the UFC . The fruits of their acquisitions culminated in WFA : King of the Streets on July 22 , 2006 , a pay-per-view broadcast event at the Forum in Inglewood , California . The card was headed by a main event of Quinton Jackson vs. Matt Lindland , Jackson 's first fight on American soil since becoming a headliner in PRIDE , and featured famed boxing broadcaster Barry Tompkins and wrestling star Bill Goldberg at the announce desk . Despite heavy expectations and an aggressive marketing campaign , including a pre-event special broadcast on Showtime , the event only attracted a crowd of over 5,000 , with only 2,300 tickets sold . Pay-per-view buys were also low , reportedly under 50,000 . Despite the disappointing numbers , and rumors of financial troubles , the WFA announced their next event , WFA : King of the Streets II at Aladdin Resort and Casino in Las Vegas , Nevada scheduled for December 9 , 2006 . However , the event was then postponed until early 2007 for undisclosed reasons . On November 15 , 2006 , the WFA 's CEO , Jeremy Lappen , sued the WFA and its owners for breach of contract , claiming he has not been paid since June 2006 , a few weeks before King of the Streets . Finally on December 11 , 2006 , Zuffa , the parent company of rival promotion UFC , announced it had acquired select assets of the WFA , including the contracts of WFA fighters . The WFA afterward ceased operations per the sale agreement . The WFA brand was revived in THQ 's video game UFC Undisputed 2010 , an update to their wildly popular multi-platform MMA video game UFC 2009 Undisputed . In the game 's career mode , which mimics that of an actual MMA fighter , players start off in the WFA and after a certain amount of success are invited to the UFC .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0e719fd3dcd313731a073179061890af",
"text": "UFC 140 UFC 140 : Jones vs. Machida was a mixed martial arts event held by the Ultimate Fighting Championship on December 10 , 2011 at the Air Canada Centre in Toronto , Ontario , Canada . It was the penultimate event for the UFC in 2011 . The event featured eight bouts televised internationally , seven preliminary bouts aired on cable in the United States and Canada , and three preliminary bouts streamed live on Facebook . In the co-main event , Frank Mir , who was the first man to knock out Antônio Rodrigo Nogueira at UFC 92 , became the first man to submit Nogueira . Mir accomplished the feat with a kimura that ultimately broke Nogueira 's arm . In the main event , Lyoto Machida also suffered his first ever submission loss at the hands of Jon Jones . In doing so , Jones retained the UFC Light Heavyweight Championship title .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e1c32f08dfb435cddbb648f15d349ff3",
"text": "UFC Fight Night: Holohan vs. Smolka UFC Fight Night : Holohan vs. Smolka ( also known as UFC Fight Night 76 ) was a mixed martial arts event held on October 24 , 2015 at 3Arena in Dublin , Ireland .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e69fa27122ad5e2722691c560d991eac",
"text": "2002 in UFC The year 2002 is the 10th year in the history of the Ultimate Fighting Championship ( UFC ) , a mixed martial arts promotion based in the United States . In 2002 the UFC held 7 events beginning with , UFC 35 : Throwdown .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "db792d85dda244fb0b75c0ca86b1b6ec",
"text": "UFC on Fox: Henderson vs. Thomson UFC on Fox : Henderson vs. Thomson ( also known as UFC on Fox 10 ) was a mixed martial arts event held on January 25 , 2014 at the United Center in Chicago , Illinois .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9653966b79f4045a2446be42dcbf38eb",
"text": "UFC Fight Night 6 UFC Fight Night : Sanchez vs. Parisyan ( also known as UFC Fight Night 6 ) was a mixed martial arts event held by the Ultimate Fighting Championship on August 17 , 2006 . The event took place at the Red Rock Resort Spa and Casino in Las Vegas , Nevada , and was broadcast live on Spike TV in the United States and Canada . It acted as a lead-in to the season four premiere of The Ultimate Fighter . The two-hour broadcast of UFC Fight Night 6 on Spike TV drew a 1.5 overall rating . The main event of the evening -- a welterweight bout between The Ultimate Fighter superstar Diego Sanchez and former title contender Karo Parisyan -- was given heightened interest , as the winner of the bout was rumored to designate the next challenger for the UFC welterweight championship . The disclosed fighter payroll for this event was $ 173,500 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "31723127388aa8cb73cd82081581431f",
"text": "UFC Fight Night: Edgar vs. Swanson UFC Fight Night : Edgar vs. Swanson ( also known as UFC Fight Night 57 ) was a mixed martial arts event held at the Frank Erwin Center in Austin , Texas , on November 22 , 2014 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f3a027bb6acbca2a4cf2c91e62a010bd",
"text": "Halifax Forum The Halifax Forum is an arena in Halifax , Nova Scotia . It is the former home of the Nova Scotia Voyageurs of the American Hockey League . Other former tenants include the Halifax Junior Canadians , Halifax Wolverines ( senior team ) , and the Maritime Major Hockey League 's Halifax St. Mary 's . The Voyageurs moved to the new Halifax Metro Centre in 1978 . The arena now hosts Saint Mary 's University hockey , Halifax McDonald 's of the Nova Scotia Major Midget Hockey League and the QMJHL 's Mooseheads preseason games . It is also home to trade shows , concerts , basketball , boxing and curling . The arena 's capacity for hockey is 5,600 . The largest audience for an event held at the Forum was reportedly close to 8,600 people , at the first live World Wrestling Federation show in Halifax , on July 18 , 1987 , which featured a main event match between then-WWF champion Hulk Hogan and Randy `` Macho Man '' Savage . During the 2011 Canada Games , the Forum hosted the boxing competitions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "de9e1bf56ba87ef9c68ff9f9202313b8",
"text": "Championship Fighting Alliance Championship Fighting Alliance ( CFA ) is a mixed martial arts ( MMA ) based promotion company located in Miami Lakes , Florida . It was founded by former MMA fighter and promoter Jorge De La Noval in 2011 . It has currently produced 10 live events . Fallon Fox , who currently is signed to fight for CFA , is the first openly transgender MMA fighter in history . On May 24 , 2013 , CFA will be hosting CFA 11 , their 11th event at the Bankunited Center located on the University of Miami campus . Fighter 411 reported that CFA had held the most events in Florida during the 2012-2013 season .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
2621208037ae0b1d00e181eeb513994b
|
Kate Nash released three albums.
|
[
{
"docid": "1e07a5d78902df0d8c2a117d9307e48c",
"text": "Kate Nash Kate Marie Nash ( born 6 July 1987 ) is an English singer , songwriter , musician and actress . Nash rose to prominence in the UK with the sleeper hit `` Foundations '' ( 2007 ) . Her debut album , Made of Bricks , peaked at number 1 in the UK and number 36 in the US . Nash won the award for Best British Female Artist at the 2008 Brit Awards . Her second studio album , My Best Friend Is You , was released in 2010 and reached the top 10 in both the UK and Germany . The album 's lead single , `` Do-Wah-Doo '' , peaked at number 15 in the UK , becoming her fourth UK Top 40 single . After being dropped by her record label , Nash self-released her third studio album , Girl Talk , on 4 March 2013 . The album failed to match the commercial success of Nash 's previous albums , though it charted inside the top 100 in the UK , Ireland , Germany and Austria . In April 2017 , Nash launched a Kickstarter to finance a fourth studio album . On 21 April 2017 , Nash released a four-track EP , Agenda .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "8a824092c6a0840be30c48662145428d",
"text": "Lark (album) Lark is the second studio album released by British singer songwriter Linda Lewis . It was recorded at Apple studio for Reprise Records and released in 1972 . The cover was designed by English art director John Kosh with photography by Peter Howe .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "da5d1bd0cd723539d593c72948dabb90",
"text": "Liz Phair discography This article presents the discography of rock music singer-songwriter Liz Phair which consists of six studio albums , two extended plays and six singles . Also , in the early 1990s , she recorded several self-produced cassettes as Girly Sound .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "26cc098294d6225ad69aff4393e17c8d",
"text": "Del Palmer Derek Peter `` Del '' Palmer ( born 3 November 1952 ) is an English singer , songwriter , bass guitarist and sound engineer , best known for his work with Kate Bush , with whom he also had a long-term relationship between the late 1970s and early 1990s . He released his first solo studio album titled Leap of Faith in 2007 , followed by Gift in 2010 . His third solo album , Point of Safe Return , was released on 6 March 2015 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fc60ebf5e576a6127075ddaa2a7c0f96",
"text": "Little Eve Little Eve is the debut studio album by Australian singer-songwriter Kate Miller-Heidke . It was released on 26 May 2007 through Sony BMG , and was reissued twice , first with a bonus CD , and then with a bonus DVD . It reached number eleven on the ARIA Charts and received a gold certification .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6e51d248246d6d0b1c740096425aea16",
"text": "Nash Ensemble The Nash Ensemble of London is an acclaimed English chamber ensemble . It was founded by Artistic Director Amelia Freedman in 1964 , while she was a student at the Royal Academy of Music , and was named after the Nash Terraces around the Academy . The Ensemble has won awards from the Edinburgh Festival Critics and the Royal Philharmonic Society , as well as a 2002 Gramophone Award for contemporary music . In addition to their classical repertoire , the Ensemble performs works by numerous contemporary composers , including Richard Rodney Bennett , Harrison Birtwistle , Elliott Carter , Henri Dutilleux and Peter Maxwell Davies , and has given premier performances of more than 200 works .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bd537203f9262ebbaa15aad30089dc51",
"text": "Kate Miller-Heidke discography The discography of Kate Miller-Heidke , an Australian singer-songwriter , consists of four studio albums , four extended plays , and twelve singles . In Australia , Miller-Heidke has been signed to Sony since 2006 . Prior to this , she released two extended plays independently . Her debut studio album Little Eve was a commercial and critical success , gaining gold sales and receiving four nominations at the 2007 ARIA Awards including `` Best Female Artist '' . In 2008 , she released her second album Curiouser which became her first top 10 release . The album spawned three top 40 singles , including `` Caught in the Crowd '' , for which she and co-writer Keir Nuttall won the 2008 International Songwriting Competition and `` The Last Day on Earth '' , which became her first ever top 10 single . She released her third studio album , Nightflight , in April 2012 . Despite debuting on the charts at # 2 , the album failed to reach the commercial success of her previous releases . Miller-Heidke revealed in September she had left Sony Records , and was working on her fourth solo studio album , O Vertigo ! , independently .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "97d0e2704eba4c0cef1763d79b767362",
"text": "Nash's theorem In mathematics , Nash 's theorem may refer to one of the following : the Nash embedding theorem in differential geometry ; Nash 's theorem on the existence of Nash equilibria in game theory .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3df8da15726dad53052b0c9f67ba21e3",
"text": "The Platinum Collection (Queen album) The Platinum Collection : Greatest Hits I , II & III is a box set by British rock band Queen which comprises their three greatest hits albums , Greatest Hits , Greatest Hits II and Greatest Hits III . The album was originally released on 13 November 2000 on the Parlophone label . A booklet with song facts and images is also included with the three CD set . The album 's US release was delayed by Hollywood Records until September 2002 and featured the 2001 Japanese release remastered versions of Greatest Hits Volumes 1 and 2 on the US and Canadian versions of The Platinum Collection . The album peaked at No. 2 in the UK charts , being blocked off the top spot by Moby 's album 18 . As part of Queen 's 40th anniversary celebrations , The Platinum Collection was released in the UK on 27 June 2011 , as well as in other territories around the world . The release consisted of the 2011 remasters of all three albums .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f4b0564a8d92b59174a6cb5ef62656ee",
"text": "Blue Box (album) Blue Box is a 1996 album released by recording artist Kate Ceberano . The album 's second single , `` Change '' was nominated for two ARIA Awards in 1996 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fee7424f96317b68911ea3561d7c94a9",
"text": "Sax Appeal Sax Appeal is a UK-based jazz band led by Derek Nash , originally formed in Manchester in 1980 . The band 's regular line-up comprises five saxophones ( Nash , Mornington Lockett , Gary Plumley , Scott Garland and Bob Mckay ) with a rhythm section ( comprising Mike Bradley on drums , Phil Scragg on bass guitar , and Pete Adams on keyboards ) . Most of the pieces are original , usually composed by Nash , with some by his father , Pat Nash , and all arranging is by Nash . As well as its core members , the band has had guest appearances by Jools Holland , Simon Allen , Nigel Hitchcock , Dave O'Higgins , Paul Booth , Tim Garland and Matt Wates . The band sometimes expands to become the Sax Appeal Big Band , where the saxophone section is joined by four trumpets and three trombones , including Winston Rollins , Martin Gladdish , Richard Henry , Martin Shaw , Jon Scott , Danny Marsden and Gabriel Garrick .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ef37f1bc6a78e522ef24a32e79eb2109",
"text": "19 Days in New York 19 Days in New York is a studio album recorded by ARIA award winning artist , Kate Ceberano . It was released in September 2004 and consisted entirely of cover versions of previously released material .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c6329fc0ebf9b88e8c671b3d13026f56",
"text": "Kate Rogers Kate Rogers is the cousin of Grand Central Records head Mark Rae . She was born just outside Toronto , Canada , and as a child studied at the Royal Conservatory of Music . She later attended Fashion Design College and during this period she recorded her first song at Grand Central 's studio , entitled `` Fine '' . The song was later released on the compilation album Central Heating 2 ( 2000 ) . In 1999 , she appeared on a track for Aim 's debut album , Cold Water Music , which was followed by appearances on the records of a several other Grand Central acts . Rogers has recorded three albums of her own ; the second , Seconds ( 2005 ) , consists of cover versions of artists including The Smiths , Radiohead , The Pixies and Green Day . In 2006 , Rogers performed with Toronto indie band The Coast . Rogers ' third album , Beauregard , was released in 2008 on Rogers ' own independent record label under the group name `` Kate Rogers Band '' . The other band members are : Matt Bannister -- acoustic and electric guitar , vocals Blue Dunlap -- acoustic and electric guitar , lapsteel guitar Tom Howell -- piano , fiddle , vocals Joanna Borromeo -- piano , fiddle , vocals John Dinsmore -- upright/electric bass Jake Wilkinson -- trumpet Joshua Van Tassel -- drums Ryan Granville Martin -- drums Her fourth album , Repeat Repeat , was also released under the same name and was released in 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "71343d3a04d5fc53e39d90b9823490a3",
"text": "Kate Westbrook (musician) Kate Westbrook ( born September 18 , 1939 ) is an artist following the professions of painter and musician . Her musical work centres on her career as a vocalist , predominantly with the bands of her husband , British composer and bandleader Mike Westbrook . She also works extensively as librettist and doubles as instrumentalist ( tenor horn and piccolo ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2c08a2b627fe945deffe71127995f3b7",
"text": "12 Songs (Neil Diamond album) 12 Songs is the twenty-sixth studio album by Neil Diamond , released in 2005 . It was his first album of all-original , all-new material since 2001 's Three Chord Opera . It was produced by Rick Rubin and is often erroneously cited as the first Diamond album since the Bang Records era to feature the artist playing acoustic guitar ; in truth he played guitar on his Uni/MCA output and his Columbia output , possibly uncredited on most , if not all , albums . The working title for the album was self-titled . The original pressing of the album was copy-protected using Sony 's controversial XCP technology .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2b8da7dbfc73ec976ed622f7fc9fc76b",
"text": "List of songs recorded by Kate Ryan The discography of Kate Ryan , a Belgian World Music Award winner , consists of five studio albums , two Compilation albums and twenty two singles . Signed by EMI Belgium , Kate Ryan releases her debut album in 2002 Different , which contains singles as `` Désenchantée '' and `` Libertine '' ( which are two covers of Mylène Farmer 's songs ) and Mon cœur résiste encore , French version of her first single `` Scream for More '' . In 2004 , she releases her second album Stronger , which contained `` Only If I '' , `` The Promise You Made '' ( a cover of Cock Robin 's song ) and `` Goodbye '' . In 2006 , she releases `` Alive '' which contained `` Je t ` adore '' ( her song for Eurovision 2006 ) , `` Alive '' and `` All for You '' as singles . In 2007 she releases `` Voyage , voyage '' , a cover of Desireless and then in 2008 she releases `` L.I.L.Y '' and `` Ella , elle l' a '' ( cover of France Gall 's hit ) and `` I Surrender '' ( cover of Clea ) as singles , all included in her fourth studio album , `` Free '' . In 2009 she releases a concept album , French Connection , which is a Greatest hits album containing her French hits , covers ( released and unreleased ) and new version of her past hits . The singles were `` Babacar '' and '' Évidemment '' , two more covers of France Gall 's songs . In 2012 , releases Electroshock , with the singles `` LoveLife '' , `` Broken '' and `` Robots '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4f57d7c8a3bb68fb9825553fd8a47b29",
"text": "New West Guitar Group New West Guitar Group ( NWGG ) is a guitar trio formed in 2003 . The three group members -- Perry Smith of New York City , John Storie of Los Angeles , and Jeffrey Stein of New York City -- met while students at the University of Southern California 's Thornton School of Music , where they studied Studio/Jazz Guitar performance . The group has performed across the United States , Japan , Germany and Canada . Originally a quartet , the New West Guitar Group started as an ensemble within the Studio/Jazz Guitar department within the USC Thornton School of Music . After placing first at the University of North Texas Jazz Festival at Addison in 2004 , the group decided to release an album titled Introducing : New West Guitar Quartet , which became the first recording released on the USC Thornton School of Music 's Flora Records label . In 2005 , the group collaborated with jazz guitarist Pat Metheny , and later traveled to Japan to represent USC at the Aichi Expo 2005 in Nagoya , Japan . Continuing to collaborate post-graduation , the group refined their sound by combining influences from jazz , blues , rock and americana musical styles . In 2007 was chosen to represent the City of Los Angeles at the LA/Berlin Sister 's City Festival in Berlin , Germany , and their release of Wide Awake on Artsong Music established the group as one of the only acoustic & electric guitar ensembles in Los Angeles . In 2009 the group became a trio , released Sleeping Lady , and gained member Jeffrey Stein in replacement for original group member Brady Cohan . The trio has released 5 albums and a live concert DVD . They are currently signed to Summit Records . Their 2011 album Round-Trip Ticket has been featured on NPR 's All Things Considered , and charted at # 28 on the JazzWeek radio charts . In September 2013 , they released Big City featuring arrangements of music by The Police , Simon and Garfunkel , Joni Mitchell , and Tears for Fears . New West has been known to experiment with various guitar tunings including DADGAD and Nashville tuning , along with the standard tuning of guitar . Their music predominantly features a Steel-string acoustic guitar and archtop guitar , but they have been known to use a classical guitar , baritone guitar and fanned fret guitars . Their style , by combining acoustic and electric guitars , distinguishes the group as one of the few guitar ensembles with this instrumentation . They are currently on tour with guitar virtuoso Fareed Haque and Concord Records artist Spencer Day .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1d5ae96dd78d8d159817849ce19716c3",
"text": "Lynn Meredith Lynn Meredith is an American musician who was a founding member of Kansas . Born in Yankton , South Dakota , Meredith 's roots are in rhythm and blues , later branching out into progressive rock in his late teens . Meredith lived in Manhattan , Kansas and formed Saratoga with Kerry Livgren , Don Montre and Dan Wright after high school in Topeka , Kansas . Saratoga merged with another Topeka group , White Clover , that became the first version of Kansas in 1970 . As Kansas began to play original music from member Kerry Livgren , Meredith began using his voice as another instrument , and searched for ways to add to the music using falsetto and various vocalizations . Kansas I broke up later that year and Kansas II began with some additional new members , but the core of Meredith , Livgren , Montre and Wright remained . Kansas II stayed together until early 1974 when Livgren left the band to join White Clover . That version became the well known version of Kansas . After Kansas , Meredith did not sing professionally for many years , but recorded with a band called Plastique in the early 1980s . He has since reunited with his other Kansas II cohorts in Proto-Kaw . Currently , Meredith records with Proto Kaw , the reformed version of Kansas . Proto Kaw re-grouped after the original Kansas II demo recordings were discovered and released on Cuneiform Records in 2002 . This release caused the original members of Kansas to communicate for the first time in 28 years . A reunion party was planned in Kansas City in 2002 and the band enjoyed playing together again . This led to Kerry Livgren writing music for some experimental recordings with the members and an album , Before Became After was released under the Proto Kaw name in April 2004 on the Inside Out Music Label . Since that time , Proto Kaw has begun performing live again and released their third CD The Wait of Glory in January 2006 . They toured Europe in 2006 and released their fourth CD in 2011 entitled `` Forth '' . Recently Lynn Meredith took part in `` Ancient Rites of the Moon '' , the first álbum of the international super group Stardust Reverie Project released in 2014 and performed the vocals for `` Song for Catina '' . He was also asked to perform two additional songs on the new Stardust Reverie album `` Proclamation of Shadows '' entitled `` Silver Bullet '' and `` Wuthering Heights '' . In 2011 , Meredith , a 1969 graduate of Manhattan High School , was inducted in their `` Wall of Fame '' in a ceremony at the school . He was inducted along with guitarist Dwayne Bailey , who played with Bob Seger and Chicago . In 2015 , Meredith was inducted in the Kansas Music Hall of Fame , as a member of the group Proto Kaw . The ceremony was held at the Opera House in Lawrence , Kansas . While away from professional music , Meredith served as an assistant football coach at Kansas State University , Panhandle State University , and Pittsburg State University . Later , he spent over fifteen years as color analyst for Pittsburg State football on KKOW ( AM ) . Meredith is now Vice-President of Marketing and Communications for the NAIA ( National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ca93a72356e2c17a446ec9f76d803dea",
"text": "Music of New Hampshire New Hampshire is a state of the United States , located in the New England region . It is home to several professional performing institutions , including the more than 90-year-old fully professional Symphony New Hampshire ( known from 1923-2012 as the Nashua Symphony ) based out of Nashua , and the community-based New Hampshire Philharmonic . The state of New Hampshire is unusual for having nine state songs .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c278e06a97e99d93b09a1180a9605c67",
"text": "Kate (Ben Folds Five song) `` Kate '' is a song performed by Ben Folds Five released on their 1997 album Whatever and Ever Amen . Written by Ben Folds , Darren Jessee , and Folds 's first wife , Anna Goodman , the song follows a love-struck man who is so obsessed with the girl `` Kate '' that he longs to be her , as shown by the lyric `` I wan na be Kate '' . It peaked at # 39 on the UK Singles Chart .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8f960df928f0546b4b77098a1e43015a",
"text": "Three Fish (album) Three Fish is the debut studio album by the American rock band Three Fish . It was released on June 11 , 1996 through Epic Records .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
ef150e5c2078c97ccb3c33c9425a9a5a
|
A Nightmare on Elm Street had an estimated rating of 4 stars.
|
[
{
"docid": "fcad9ddb45e36376e0ffcc20c56c4e54",
"text": "A Nightmare on Elm Street (2010 film) A Nightmare on Elm Street is a 2010 American slasher film directed by Samuel Bayer and written by Wesley Strick and Eric Heisserer as a remake of Wes Craven 's 1984 film of the same name , which revolves around a group of teenagers who are being stalked in their dreams by an enigmatic man named Freddy Krueger . Michael Bay and Platinum Dunes produced the film for New Line Cinema , as an intention to reboot the Nightmare on Elm Street franchise , with the cast of Jackie Earle Haley , Kyle Gallner , Rooney Mara , Katie Cassidy , Thomas Dekker and Kellan Lutz . This production makes it the ninth installment of the franchise . The film was released by Warner Bros. on April 30 , 2010 . It received mainly negative reviews from critics and grossed $ 115 million against a production budget of $ 35 million , making it the highest-grossing film in the Nightmare on Elm Street franchise .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2a717dbe2e68de0eeb642bcf68c84828",
"text": "A Nightmare on Elm Street A Nightmare on Elm Street is a 1984 American slasher film written and directed by Wes Craven , and the first film of the Nightmare on Elm Street franchise . The film stars Heather Langenkamp , John Saxon , Ronee Blakley , Amanda Wyss , Jsu Garcia , Robert Englund , and Johnny Depp in his feature film debut . The plot revolves around several teenagers who are stalked and killed in their dreams ( and thus killed in reality ) by Freddy Krueger . The teenagers are unaware of the cause of this strange phenomenon , but their parents hold a dark secret from long ago . Craven filmed A Nightmare on Elm Street on an estimated budget of $ 1.8 million , a sum the film earned back during its first week . The film went on to gross over $ 25 million at the United States box office . A Nightmare on Elm Street was met with rave critical reviews and went on to make a very significant impact on the horror genre , spawning a franchise consisting of a line of sequels , a television series , a crossover with Friday the 13th , beyond various other works of imitation ; a remake of the same name was released in 2010 . The film is credited with carrying on many tropes found in low-budget horror films of the 1970s and 1980s , originating in John Carpenter 's 1978 horror film Halloween , including the morality play that revolves around sexual promiscuity in teenagers resulting in their eventual death , leading to the term `` slasher film '' . Critics and film historians state that the film 's premise is the struggle to define the distinction between dreams and reality , manifested by the lives and dreams of the teens in the film . Critics today praise the film 's ability to transgress `` the boundaries between the imaginary and real '' , toying with audience perceptions .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "a00fef5938182719837944165541ee6b",
"text": "American Dream, Global Nightmare American Dream , Global Nightmare is a book by Ziauddin Sardar and Merryl Wyn Davies ( Icon Books , 2004 ) . This book presents the neoconservative ideology of Pax Americana as ten laws . Law 1 : Fear is essential . Law 2 : Escape is the reason for being . Law 3 : Ignorance is bliss . Law 4 : America is the idea of nation . Law 5 : Democratisation of everything is the essence of America . Law 6 : American democracy has the right to be imperial and express itself through Empire . Law 7 : Cinema is the engine of Empire . Law 8 : Celebrity is the common currency of Empire . Law 9 : War is a necessity . Law 10 : American tradition and history are universal narratives applicable across all time and space .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9836266fb67726158063b8953f924bf0",
"text": "Nightmare (Building Rome album) Nightmare is the fourth release from the St. Louis , Missouri based band , Building Rome . Released on 15 September 2009 , it gained the band some national attention . It is loosely based on the movie Jacob 's Ladder . As possible single , Building Rome made and released a music video for What Are We Fighting For ? .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6779a0cd8d4b3bed5c9ea71244ccb67e",
"text": "Fans4Writers Fans4Writers is a fan activist movement which supported the striking writers of the WGA during the 2007 Writers Guild of America strike . The organization was not associated with the WGA , and indeed was notable for its unprecedented show of solidarity by individuals who were neither directly involved in contract negotiations , nor had a financial stake in the outcome . While the group was first proposed by fans of Joss Whedon , it came to embrace more than 40 self-identified fandoms . They called themselves `` fans of TV shows and movies , fans of actors , fans of directors , fans of producers , crew and everyone involved in the team effort of crafting wonder . But most of all we are fans of writers , because they are where the wonder begins . They write the words we remember , they create the characters we love , they think up the lines that stay with us forever . As supporters of the people behind the scenes , who develop and write the stories that have meant so much to so many , we wanted to do something tangible to show them that we support the Writers Guild of America strike . '' Fans4Writers solicitied financial support for its activities , which included bringing food to picket lines and skywriting messages of support at the Rose Bowl . Money left over after the strike was contributed to the WGA Strike Fund . The organization stated its support for `` the writers in their fight for fair treatment and equitable pay ... with our thoughts , with food deliveries , with money , and we will pick up signs and march with them until a resolution is found . We do it in appreciation , and because it 's right . '' The Internet-based fan movement received some online press coverage ancillary to the strike itself , and Brenda Lawhorn , Fans4writers ' Campaign Coordinator , was interviewed on Public Radio International 's Fair Game . However , WGA member and Battlestar Galactica writer Jane Espenson was quoted on fan involvement : `` I 'm not sure that -LSB- fan involvement -RSB- , which is so clear on the Internet , is being made as clear as it could be in the mainstream press ... it 's the stuff with the mainstream , grassroots fans who come out in amazing numbers and send us food on the picket lines every day ... that 's a bigger part of our everyday strike experience than the involvement of the movie stars . '' The organization 's existence and activities highlighted one of the main sticking points in the contract negotiations -- the significance of the Internet and other `` new media '' distribution channels . The fan involvement in the strike could also be seen as an outgrowth of trends in which the audience had become more vocal as consumers of entertainment . Striking writers closed the circle by soliciting fan action on their behalf and specifically referring those upset at the loss of their favorite programs to the Fans4writers website , alongside the WGA 's own strike site , in order to register their sentiments and become involved . Successful use of the internet to organize `` save our show '' campaigns had garnered significant attention , as when supporters of Jericho inundated CBS with grievances in protest of the program 's cancellation . This and other similar fan-organized publicity stunts on behalf of television shows appeared to have inspired WGA strikers themselves to undertake a similar campaign of sending pencils to the CEOs of the media conglomerates in a position to influence the Alliance of Motion Picture and Television Producers . Fans4Writers received designation as Yahoo.com 's Site of the Day on November 21 , 2007 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7f3c0cd7d42e6b5ce994653a12070383",
"text": "As the World Turns As the World Turns ( often referred to as ATWT ) is an American television soap opera that aired on CBS for 54 years from April 2 , 1956 , to September 17 , 2010 . Irna Phillips created As the World Turns as a sister show to her other soap opera Guiding Light . Running for 54 years , As the World Turns holds the second-longest continuous run of any daytime network soap opera on American television , surpassed only by Guiding Light . As the World Turns was produced for the first 43 years in Manhattan and in Brooklyn from 2000 until 2010 . Set in the fictional town of Oakdale , Illinois , the show debuted on April 2 , 1956 , at 1:30 pm EST. . Prior to that date , all serials had been 15 minutes in length . As the World Turns and The Edge of Night , which premiered on the same day at 4:30 pm EST , were the first two to be 30 minutes in length from their premiere . At first , viewers did not respond to the new half-hour serial , but ratings picked up in its second year , eventually reaching the top spot in the daytime Nielsen ratings by fall 1958 . In 1959 , the show started a streak of weekly ratings wins that was not interrupted for over 12 years . The show switched to color on August 21 , 1967 , and expanded from a half-hour in length to one hour starting on December 1 , 1975 , when The Edge of Night moved to ABC . In the year-to-date ratings , As the World Turns was the most-watched daytime drama from 1958 until 1978 , with ten million viewers tuning in each day . At its height , core actors such as Helen Wagner , Don MacLaughlin , Don Hastings , and Eileen Fulton became nationally known . Three of these actors -- Wagner , Hastings , and Fulton -- are also the three longest serving actors in the history of American soap operas . The show passed its 10,000 th episode on May 12 , 1995 , and celebrated its 50th anniversary on April 2 , 2006 . On September 18 , 2009 , As the World Turns became the last remaining Procter and Gamble-produced soap opera for CBS after Guiding Light aired its final episode on the network . On December 8 , 2009 , CBS announced that it cancelled As the World Turns after almost 54 years due to low ratings . The show taped its final Procter and Gamble scenes for CBS on June 23 , 2010 , and with a dramatic storyline finale , its final episode on the network aired on September 17 , 2010 . On October 18 , 2010 , CBS replaced As the World Turns with a newly debuted talk show The Talk .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1333396c5c79152a8a6bf303e0e30095",
"text": "The Texas Chainsaw Massacre (2003 film) The Texas Chainsaw Massacre is a 2003 American slasher film , and a remake of The Texas Chain Saw Massacre . The fifth entry in the Texas Chainsaw Massacre franchise , the film was directed by Marcus Nispel , written by Scott Kosar , and produced by Michael Bay . It was also co-produced by Kim Henkel and Tobe Hooper , co-creators of the original 1974 film . TCM is the first of many horror remakes to come from Michael Bay 's Platinum Dunes production company which also released the remakes The Amityville Horror , The Hitcher , Friday the 13th , and A Nightmare on Elm Street . Though met with negative reception from critics , the film was well received by fans , and grossed $ 107 million worldwide above its $ 9.5 million budget , making it a strong financial success . A prequel was released in 2006 , titled The Texas Chainsaw Massacre : The Beginning .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "46eef3040e4f9d2daddb8907e0d3cc2b",
"text": "Sesame Street research In 1969 , the children 's television show Sesame Street premiered on the National Educational Television network ( later succeeded by PBS ) in the United States . Unlike earlier children 's programming , the show 's producers used research and over 1,000 studies and experiments to create the show and test its impact on its young viewers ' learning . By the end of the program 's first season , the organization founded to oversee Sesame Street production , Children 's Television Workshop ( CTW ) , had developed what came to be called `` the CTW model '' : a system of planning , production , and evaluation that combined the expertise of researchers and early childhood educators with that of the program 's writers , producers , and directors . CTW conducted research in two ways : in-house formative research that informed and improved production , and independent summative evaluations conducted by the Educational Testing Service ( ETS ) during the show 's first two seasons to measure the program 's educational effectiveness . CTW researchers invented tools to measure young viewers ' attention to the program . Based on these findings , the researchers compiled a body of data and the producers changed the show accordingly . The formative research on Sesame Street was the first time children 's television viewing was studied scientifically . Summative research conducted over the years , including two landmark evaluations in 1970 and 1971 , demonstrated that viewing the program had positive effects on young viewers ' learning , school readiness , and social skills . Subsequent studies have replicated these findings , such as the effect of the show in countries outside of the US , several longitudinal studies , the effects of war and natural disasters on young children , and studies about how the show affected viewers ' cognition . As CTW researcher Gerald S. Lesser stated in 1974 , early tests conducted on the show ( both formative and summative ) `` suggested that Sesame Street was making strides towards teaching what it had set out to teach '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2df708f5674037c823a25d382b00f57e",
"text": "Four-letter word The phrase four-letter word refers to a set of English-language words written with four letters which are considered profane , including common popular or slang terms for excretory functions , sexual activity and genitalia , terms relating to Hell or damnation when used outside of religious contexts or slurs . The `` four-letter '' claim refers to the fact that a large number of ( but not all ) English `` swear words '' are incidentally four-character monosyllables . This description came into use during the first half of the twentieth century .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cdf02132c47b76393bdcd94dde2a6119",
"text": "Treehouse of Horror XXVII `` Treehouse of Horror XXVII '' is the fourth episode of the twenty-eighth season of the animated television series The Simpsons , and the 600th episode of the series overall . It aired in the United States on Fox on October 16 , 2016 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "35b237fca326cf5af613323e3eda068d",
"text": "Worst Episode Ever `` Worst Episode Ever '' is the eleventh episode of The Simpsons ' twelfth season . It first aired on the Fox network in the United States on February 4 , 2001 . In the episode , Bart and Milhouse are banned from The Android 's Dungeon after stopping Comic Book Guy from buying a box of priceless Star Wars memorabilia for $ 5 . However , when Comic Book Guy suffers a massive heart attack after Tom Savini 's show , he hires Bart and Milhouse as his replacements while he leaves his job to make friends . `` Worst Episode Ever '' was written by Larry Doyle and directed by Matthew Nastuk . The series ' staff found it hard to make Comic Book Guy seem likable , since he is usually portrayed as sarcastic and unfriendly . The episode features actor and makeup artist Tom Savini as himself . In its original broadcast , the episode was seen by approximately 10 million viewers , finishing in 27th place in the ratings the week it aired . Since its broadcast , the episode received positive reviews from critics , and Hank Azaria won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Voice-Over Performance for his performance as Comic Book Guy in the episode .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "643c953650d3571601a282d48b84149b",
"text": "Groundhog Day (film) Groundhog Day is a 1993 American fantasy-comedy film directed by Harold Ramis , starring Bill Murray , Andie MacDowell , and Chris Elliott . It was written by Ramis and Danny Rubin , based on a story by Rubin . Murray plays Phil Connors , an arrogant Pittsburgh TV weatherman who , during an assignment covering the annual Groundhog Day event in Punxsutawney , Pennsylvania , finds himself caught in a time loop , repeating the same day again and again . After indulging in hedonism and committing suicide numerous times , he begins to re-examine his life and priorities . On its release , Groundhog Day was a modest success and garnered generally positive reviews . It gained stronger appreciation among critics and film historians over time , and is now often listed among the best comedy films ever . It further entered into the public consciousness , where the term `` Groundhog Day '' can represent a situation that seems to repeat over and over in government and military arenas , as well as influencing other entertainment . In 2006 , the film was added to the United States National Film Registry as being deemed `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' . A stage musical version of the film premiered in 2016 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "adfb781e1d7bf0df497312d2d55fb56e",
"text": "A Star Is Burns `` A Star Is Burns '' is the eighteenth episode of The Simpsons ' sixth season . It first aired on the Fox network in the United States on March 5 , 1995 . In the episode , Springfield decides to hold a film festival , and famed critic Jay Sherman is invited to be a judge . The story involves a crossover with the short-lived animated series The Critic . Jay Sherman was the main character on the show . The Critic was created by Al Jean and Mike Reiss , who had previously written for The Simpsons but left following the fourth season , and produced by James L. Brooks , who was also a producer for The Simpsons . The show had premiered on the American Broadcasting Company ( ABC ) network in January 1994 but was canceled despite positive critical reception . The series was switched over to Fox , and put in the timeslot directly after The Simpsons . Brooks pitched a crossover episode as a way to promote The Critic and decided that a film festival would be a good way to introduce Sherman . Matt Groening , creator of The Simpsons , reacted negatively when he heard about this episode , feeling that it was just an advertisement for The Critic , and that people would incorrectly associate the show with him . When he was unsuccessful in getting the program pulled , he had his name removed from the credits and went public with his concerns , openly criticizing James L. Brooks . The episode was directed by Susie Dietter and was the first episode to be written by Ken Keeler . Jon Lovitz , the star of The Critic , guest stars as Jay Sherman , while Maurice LaMarche ( who was also a regular on The Critic ) has a few minor roles . The episode received mixed reviews from critics , many of whom felt the crossover was out of place on the show , although Barney 's film festival entry was well received .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b7f74f40ad6da264e057e6fb8feaf942",
"text": "Saturday Night Live (season 24) The twenty-fourth season of Saturday Night Live , an American sketch comedy series , originally aired in the United States on NBC between September 26 , 1998 , and May 15 , 1999 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ab38fc0a9931ba848422b711734482bc",
"text": "They (2002 film) They ( also known as Wes Craven Presents : They ) is a 2002 American supernatural horror film directed by Robert Harmon . The plot centers on a group of four adults named Julia Lund , Sam Burnside , Terry Alba , and Billy Parks and their experience with the phenomenon of night terrors and the impact they had on their lives as children and how they come back to haunt them as adults . The film was produced by Ted Field , Tom Engleman , and Wes Craven who served as executive producer . The film stars Laura Regan , Ethan Embry , Dagmara Dominczyk , Jay Brazeau , and Marc Blucas . The title is a reference to the fact that the creatures are only referred to as `` They '' as their origins are ambiguous . The film was a box office bomb and had lukewarm reviews from critics .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "34d19ad796c9a6e7f17a2e1dc395591c",
"text": "David Smyrl David Langston Smyrl ( September 13 , 1935 -- March 22 , 2016 ) , sometimes credited professionally as David L. Smyrl , was an American actor , television writer and voice-over artist . He was best known for his role of Mr. Handford , the fictional retired firefighter who ran Hooper 's Store on Sesame Street from 1990 to 1998 . Smyrl won eight Emmy Awards for his work on Sesame Street during his time on the show . Smyrl was born on September 13 , 1935 , in North Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , and was raised in the neighborhood . He began his career as a coffeehouse poet in Greenwich Village , Manhattan , during the 1960s . Smyrl was hired for his television acting job on a short-lived show , Express Yourself , during the 1970s . He appeared in the 1978 Broadway musical , Working . Smyrl next moved to California , where he was hired as a writer for the ABC television sitcom , Benson , for which he won a People 's Choice Award . Smyrl then joined The Cosby Show , both as a gag writer and actor , playing a general contractor named Sam Lucas for a five-episode recurring role . However , Smyrl was best known for his role on the long running PBS children 's show , Sesame Street . In 1982 , actor Will Lee , who played Mr. Hooper , the original owner of Sesame Street 's fictional Hooper 's Store , died during production . Mr. Hooper 's death was included on the show in 1982 episode . In 1990 , Smyrl was hired by Sesame Street as Mr. Hanford , the owner of Hooper 's Store . Smyrl replaced Leonard Jackson , who had played a grumpier version of Mr. Hanford during the preceding Season 21 . By contrast , Smyrl played Mr. Hanford as a store owner who smiled and sang to the residents of Sesame Street . Smyrl remained on Sesame Street from 1990 until 1998 . An accomplished voice actor , Smyrl narrated commercials for Canada Dry , Coca-Cola , Delta Air Lines , Levi Strauss & Co. 501 jeans , GMC , McDonald 's , Pepsi , and Texaco . His film credits included The Preacher 's Wife , in 1996 , opposite Denzel Washington and Whitney Houston . He also starred as Jesse B. Simple in a documentary on the life of Langston Hughes called The Dream Keeper . Smyrl had lived in Connecticut before moving back to Philadelphia with his wife in 2004 . The couple then resided in Bala Cynwyd , Pennsylvania , located just outside of Philadelphia . He worked a volunteer performer at regional colleges , schools and prisons . David Smyrl died from lung cancer at Lankenau Medical Center in Wynnewood , Pennsylvania , on March 22 , 2016 , at the age of 80 . He was survived by his wife , Cheryl , and his stepson , Pancho Scott . He was buried in West Laurel Hill Cemetery in Bala Cynwyd on March 28 , 2016 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0eb969ef0c2d14090bf0aab6fd1527f2",
"text": "Grey's Anatomy (season 4) The fourth season of the American television medical drama Grey 's Anatomy , commenced airing in the United States on September 27 , 2007 and concluded on May 22 , 2008 . The season continues the story of a group of surgeons and their mentors in the fictional Seattle Grace Hospital , describing their professional lives and the way they affect the personal background of each character . Season four had twelve series regulars with ten of them returning from the previous season , out of which eight are part of the original cast from the first season . The season aired in the Thursday night timeslot at 9:00 EST. . In addition to the regular seventeen episodes , a clip-show narrated by the editors of People recapped previous events of the show and made the transition from Grey 's Anatomy to Private Practice , a spin-off focusing of Dr. Addison Montgomery and aired on September 19 , 2007 , before the season premiere . The season was officially released on DVD as a five-disc boxset under the title of Grey 's Anatomy : Season Four -- Expanded on September 9 , 2008 by Buena Vista Home Entertainment . For the first time in the show 's history , many cast changes occur , seeing the first departure of two main cast members . Despite garnering several awards and nominations for the cast members and the production team , the season received a mixed response from critics and fans . Show creator Shonda Rhimes heavily contributed to the production of the season , writing five out of the seventeen episodes . The highest-rated episode was the season premiere , which was watched by 20.93 million viewers . The season was interrupted by the 2007 -- 2008 Writers Guild of America strike , which resulted in the production of only seventeen episodes , instead of twenty-three originally planned .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d34be0323ec6eeec28df9580c92709fd",
"text": "Elm Guest House claims and controversy In Britain , controversy arose from claims reported in 2012 , which some state to have been later discredited , of sexual abuse and grooming of children at parties held in the late 1970s and 1980s at the former Elm Guest House in Rocks Lane , near Barnes Common in south-west London . Several prominent British men were alleged , in a list produced by convicted fraudster Chris Fay and never verified or corroborated by any other source , to have attended the Guest House including former government ministers , senior MPs , top police officers , judges , pop music stars , and people with links to the Royal Households . Since 2012 , the allegations of an establishment paedophile ring have been part of a complex multi-agency investigation . During 2014 and 2015 , allegations against several leading politicians of the period , mostly now deceased , were made public in the British press . An investigation , Operation Fairbank , led by the Metropolitan Police Service , started in late 2012 . This was a `` scoping exercise '' aimed at a `` preliminary assessment of the evidence rather than a formal inquiry '' , and the existence of the `` assessment '' operation was confirmed only on 12 December 2012 after operating in secret for several weeks . As a result of allegations arising from Operation Fairbank , a full criminal investigation , Operation Fernbridge , was launched in February 2013 . In November 2014 , another operation -- Operation Midland -- was set up to examine claims of a possible homicide , later extended to cover allegations of three murders and activities at the Dolphin Square development in Pimlico and elsewhere ; on 21 March 2016 , the Metropolitan Police confirmed that Operation Midland had been closed without any charges being brought . An inquiry found that those investigated by police were victims of `` false allegations '' and the Metropolitan Police Commissioner subsequently apologised to them . In 2015 , the Independent Police Complaints Commission began investigating claims that the Metropolitan Police had suppressed evidence of child sexual abuse and prevented the investigation of some allegations between 1970 and 2005 , because of the alleged involvement of police officers and MPs .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "969574736086f1e027c219810e05ae24",
"text": "Freddy vs. Jason Freddy vs. Jason is a 2003 American slasher film directed by Ronny Yu and written by Damian Shannon and Mark Swift . The film is a crossover between the Friday the 13th and A Nightmare on Elm Street franchises and pits Jason Voorhees and Freddy Krueger against each other in the eleventh and eighth installments in their respective series . The film is also the last in both the Friday the 13th and Nightmare on Elm Street franchises before they were both rebooted . In the film , Freddy ( Robert Englund ) has grown incapable of haunting people 's dreams as the citizens of Springwood , Ohio , have mostly forgotten about him . To regain his power , Freddy manipulates Jason ( Ken Kirzinger ) into resurrecting himself and traveling to Springwood to cause panic and fear , leading to rumors that Freddy has returned . However , while Jason succeeds in causing enough fear for Freddy to haunt the town again , Jason angers Freddy by depriving Krueger of his potential victims . This ultimately sends the two undying monsters into a violent conflict . Freddy vs. Jason was released in the United States on August 15 , 2003 . It grossed $ 114 million , making it the highest-grossing film in the Friday the 13th series and the second-highest-grossing film in the Nightmare on Elm Street series . This film marked Englund 's final appearance to date as Freddy Krueger , and it was the first since Friday the 13th Part VI : Jason Lives not to feature Kane Hodder as Jason Voorhees .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a8297510517d822e4e2dd949eb38cb7d",
"text": "Blairstown Theater Festival The Blairstown Theater Festival operated from December 2006 through November 2007 at historic Roy 's Hall ( also known as Roy 's Theatre ) , a former silent movie theater built in 1913 at 30 Main Street in Blairstown , New Jersey . On July 13 , 2007 , the company attracted considerable media attention when they presented three screenings of the classic horror film , Friday the 13th , which was shot in and around Blairstown in the fall of 1979 . Roy 's Hall appears in the film shortly after the opening credits . The company 's January 2007 production of Letters from the Inside was selected by The Star-Ledger as one of the top five new plays of the 2006 -- 2007 New Jersey theater season and actress Kelli Ambrose , who played Mandy in Letters from the Inside , was selected as one of the top five Best Leading Actresses in a Play . Among the other concerts and productions presented by the Blairstown Theater Festival were Nancy Anderson singing early Broadway songs backed by the Baroque Orchestra of North Jersey ( Baroque to Broadway ) , the Still River Band in Concert , Malachy McCourt and Jarlath Conroy in A Couple of Blaguards , Betsy Palmer and Will Hutchins in A.R. Gurney 's Love Letters , the New Jersey premiere of I Am Anne Frank , and concerts by cabaret performers KT Sullivan ( Vienna to Weimar ) , John O'Neil ( ` So Kaye ) , the Western Wind Vocal Ensemble ( Holiday Light ) , Cris Groenendaal ( Music of the Night ) , Jana Robbins ( One Hell of a Ride ! The Songs of Cy Coleman ) and jazz pianist Bill Mays and his Inventions Trio . The company also presented several film festivals with such classic titles as Gone with the Wind , Casablanca , Seven Samurai , Abbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein , A Night at the Opera , The Court Jester , -LSB- -LSB- Beauty and the Beast ( 1946 film ) | La Belle et la Bête -RSB- -RSB- , Black Orpheus , Mon Oncle , The Wages of Fear and La Strada . The Blairstown Theater Festival was not able to continue past its first season for several reasons . Most significantly , Blairstown Township suddenly increased the real estate taxes on the building by more than 680 % ( from $ 1,031.55 to $ 7,032.30 ) and the landlord decided to sell the theatre . A CD featuring highlights from the Blairstown Theater Festival 's season was released in February 2008 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6b404a86ab85e8ba5a7d2accb251892b",
"text": "Nightmare (1981 film) Nightmare ( also known as Nightmares in a Damaged Brain ) is a 1981 slasher film directed by Romano Scavolini . Nightmare gained instant notoriety among horror fans when it was banned in the UK as a video nasty and its distributor was sentenced to 18 months in prison for refusing to edit one second of violent footage . The film also garnered controversy for claiming in its press material that Tom Savini had provided the film 's special effects , which Savini vehemently denied .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "da321c0d37dd34d064a313286ff15be8",
"text": "List of The New York Times Manga Best Sellers The New York Times Best Seller list for manga published in the United States was introduced on March 5 , 2009 , along with two additional lists for hardcover and paperback graphic novels . The three lists are grouped under the `` Graphic Books '' category . Deborah Hoffman , an editor for the Best Seller lists , explained that the term `` Graphic Books '' was selected to create an `` inclusive and expansive '' list which can extend to works of both fiction and non-fiction . Journalist George Gustines announced , in his introduction of the new lists , `` Comics have finally joined the mainstream . '' The announcement was made the week the film Watchmen , based on the comic book of the same name , was released in movie theaters throughout the U.S. . The Best Seller lists are printed weekly in The New York Times Book Review magazine , which is published in the Sunday edition of The New York Times and as a stand-alone publication . Gustines explained the methodology used to determine the rankings : Rankings reflect sales of graphic novels -LSB- ... -RSB- at many thousands of venues where a wide range of books are sold nationwide . These include hundreds of independent book retailers ( statistically weighted to represent all such outlets ) ; national , regional and local chains ; online and multimedia entertainment retailers ; university , gift , supermarket , discount department stores and newsstands . In addition , these rankings also include unit sales reported by retailers nationwide that specialize in graphic novels and comic books . On multiple occasions , manga have been listed outside its designated list . Mike Kiley , then-Senior Vice President of the publisher Tokyopop , explained in 2010 that it has become more difficult to draw a distinguishing line between works that are manga and manga-inspired , such as Korean manhwa and American original English language ( OEL ) manga . A Drifting Life , an autobiographical manga by Yoshihiro Tatsumi , appeared on the May 3 , 2009 , Best Seller list for paperback graphic novels , where it ranked third . X-Men : Misfits , an original English manga based on the X-Men comic book franchise , ranked fifth at its debut on the August 30 , 2009 , paperback graphic novels list , and stayed on the chart for five consecutive weeks . The first volume of a manhwa adaptation of the popular vampire-themed Twilight novels by Stephenie Meyer remained on the hardcover graphic novels Best Seller list for 27 consecutive weeks in 2010 . In January 2017 , the Times decided to stop producing the separate manga best seller list .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
759f4443bd729dd4c002976a8af31881
|
The New York Times is declining.
|
[
{
"docid": "6de1af1ff83de3b66340d520cd3e6c3f",
"text": "The New York Times The New York Times ( sometimes abbreviated NYT and The Times ) is an American daily newspaper , founded and continuously published in New York City since September 18 , 1851 , by The New York Times Company . The New York Times has won 122 Pulitzer Prizes , more than any other newspaper . The paper 's print version in 2013 had the second-largest circulation , behind The Wall Street Journal , and the largest circulation among the metropolitan newspapers in the United States . The New York Times is ranked 18th in the world by circulation . Following industry trends , its weekday circulation had fallen in 2009 to fewer than one million . Nicknamed `` The Gray Lady '' , The New York Times has long been regarded within the industry as a national `` newspaper of record '' . It has been owned by the Ochs-Sulzberger family since 1896 ; Arthur Ochs Sulzberger Jr. , the publisher of the Times and the chairman of the New York Times Company , is the fourth generation of the family to helm the paper . The New York Times international version , formerly the International Herald Tribune , is now called the New York Times International Edition . The paper 's motto , `` All the News That 's Fit to Print '' , appears in the upper left-hand corner of the front page . Since the mid-1970s , The New York Times has greatly expanded its layout and organization , adding special weekly sections on various topics supplementing the regular news , editorials , sports , and features . Since 2008 , The New York Times has been organized into the following sections : News , Editorials/Opinions-Columns/Op-Ed , New York ( metropolitan ) , Business , Sports of The Times , Arts , Science , Styles , Home , Travel , and other features . On Sunday , The New York Times is supplemented by the Sunday Review ( formerly the Week in Review ) , The New York Times Book Review , The New York Times Magazine and T : The New York Times Style Magazine ( T is published 13 times a year ) . The New York Times stayed with the broadsheet full page set-up ( as some others have changed into a tabloid lay-out ) and an eight-column format for several years , after most papers switched to six , and was one of the last newspapers to adopt color photography , especially on the front page .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "eb956f67a42d6bbcf46a2ad7f6155a51",
"text": "Lists of The New York Times Fiction Best Sellers This is a list of lists by year of The New York Times Fiction Best Sellers . The New York Times Best Seller list was first published without fanfare on 12 October 1931 . It consisted of five fiction and four non-fiction for the New York City region only . The following month the list was expanded to eight cities , with a separate list for each city . By the early 1940s , fourteen cities were included . A national list was created 9 April 1942 , in The New York Times Book Review ( Sundays ) as a supplement to the regular paper 's city lists ( Monday edition ) . The national list ranked by weighting how many times the book appeared in each city list . A few years later , the city lists were eliminated leaving only the national rankings , which was compiled according to `` reports from leading booksellers in 22 cities , '' a system which remains , although the specifics have changed .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "32fd6ba0e22c2910236395ca889a1478",
"text": "The Star-Ledger The Star-Ledger is the largest circulated newspaper in the U.S. state of New Jersey and is based in Newark . It is a sister paper to The Jersey Journal of Jersey City , The Times of Trenton and the Staten Island Advance , all of which are owned by Advance Publications . In 2007 , The Star-Ledgers daily circulation was reportedly more than the next two largest New Jersey newspapers combined and its Sunday circulation larger than the next three papers combined . It has suffered great declines in print circulation in recent years , to 180,000 daily in 2013 and 114,000 `` individually paid print circulation , '' that is the number of copies being bought by subscription or at newsstands , in 2015 . In July 2013 , The Ledger announced that it would sell its headquarters building in Newark . In 2013 , Advance Publications announced it was exploring cost-saving changes among its New Jersey properties , but was not considering mergers or changes in publication frequency at any of the newspapers , nor the elimination of home delivery .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c7e99fd6e29cc0f7979f13f3b89cc6ce",
"text": "Die Zeit (Prague) Die Zeit ( ` The Time ' ) was a German language daily newspaper published in Prague , Czechoslovakia from 1935 to 1938 . The newspaper was the central organ of the Sudeten German Party ( SdP ) . The first issue came out on October 1 , 1935 . Die Zeit took over the role as the central party organ from the weekly Rundschau . Walter Brand was the editor-in-chief of Die Zeit . The newspaper received funds from Germany . 250,000 Reichmark were transferred for the launch of Die Zeit , followed by a monthly subsidy of 10,000 Reichmarks . Die Zeit had an illustrated supplement , Zeitspiegel ( ` Mirror of Time ' ) . As of 1937/1938 SdP re-organized its party press . All small publishing companies were merged in two central publishing companies . On January 1 , 1938 Die Zeit , Zeitspiegel and Rundschau came under the management of the publishing company `` Pressa-Gesellschaft m. b. H. , Herausgabe und Verkauf von Zeitungen und Zeitschriften '' , at Hybernska Street 4 , Prague II . On April 1 , 1938 the weekly Die Zeit am Montag ( ` The Time on Monday ' ) was added to the publications issued by the same company . The SdP shut down its Prague HQ and Die Zeit on September 14 , 1938 . The suspension of publishing of Die Zeit was supposedly ` temporary ' . On October 4 , 1938 Die Zeit re-appeared , being published from Dresden , Germany . Once the Reichsgau Sudetenland had been established , Die Zeit became the official NSDAP daily for Sudetenland . The publishing was shifted to Reichenberg . Die Zeit was issued by R.S. Gauverlag Sudetenland G.m.b.H. between 1939-1945 . Publication continued at least until February 1945 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "20cdc63b4c671451044cd22dfbf1c31c",
"text": "Newspapers in the United States Newspapers in the United States have been published since the 18th century and are an integral part of the culture of the United States . Although a few newspapers including the New York Times , USA Today , and the Wall Street Journal are sold throughout the United States , most U.S. newspapers are published for city or regional markets . The New York Times is often referred to as the United States ' `` newspaper of record '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "769f2ed88dd0c270a169a6e996e622cb",
"text": "Pittsburgh Tribune-Review The Pittsburgh Tribune-Review , also known as `` the Trib , '' was the second largest daily printed newspaper serving metropolitan Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania , in the United States until it transitioned to an all digital format on December 1 , 2016 . Founded on August 22 , 1811 as the Greensburg Gazette and in 1889 consolidated with several papers into the Greensburg Tribune-Review , the paper circulated only in the eastern suburban counties of Westmoreland and parts of Indiana and Fayette until May 1992 , when it began serving all of the Pittsburgh metropolitan area after a strike at the two Pittsburgh dailies , the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette and Pittsburgh Press , deprived the city of a newspaper for several months . The Tribune-Review Publishing Company was owned by Richard Mellon Scaife , an heir to the Mellon banking , oil , and aluminum fortune , until his death in July 2014 . Scaife was a major funder of conservative organizations , including the Arkansas Project . Accordingly , the Tribune-Review has maintained a conservative editorial stance , contrasting with the more liberal Post-Gazette . In addition to its flagship paper , the company publishes 17 weekly community newspapers , the Pittsburgh Pennysaver , as well as TribLive.com and TribTotalMedia.com .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "56bbda72620904d59e59ad86d48c5f25",
"text": "Joseph Pulitzer Joseph Pulitzer ( -LSB- ˈpʊlɪtsər -RSB- -LSB- ˈpulit͡sɛr -RSB- ; born József Pulitzer ; April 10 , 1847 -- October 29 , 1911 ) was a Hungarian-American newspaper publisher of the St. Louis Post Dispatch and the New York World . Pulitzer introduced the techniques of yellow journalism to the newspapers he acquired in the 1880s . He became a leading national figure in the Democratic Party and was elected congressman from New York . He crusaded against big business and corruption , and helped keep the Statue of Liberty in New York . In the 1890s the fierce competition between his World and William Randolph Hearst 's New York Journal caused both to use yellow journalism for wider appeal ; it opened the way to mass-circulation newspapers that depended on advertising revenue and appealed to readers with multiple forms of news , entertainment and advertising . Today , he is best known for the Pulitzer Prizes , which were established in 1917 by money he bequeathed to Columbia University to recognize artistic and journalistic achievements in the United States . The prizes are given annually to award achievements in American journalism and photography , as well as literature and history , poetry , music and drama . Pulitzer founded the Columbia School of Journalism by his philanthropic bequest ; it opened in 1912 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4b96a7eadae7d14c8c236f8fb3481666",
"text": "New York Woman New York Woman was a magazine that blended features on fashion and the arts , literary and humorous essays , and consumer-oriented services pieces such as reviews of restaurants , shops or films . Its target audience was intelligent women living in the New York Metropolitan area . It was launched as a bimonthly by the Esquire Magazine Group Inc. in 1986 . The first issue was published in September-October of that year . The mergers-and-acquisitions specialist Bruce Wasserstein of Wasserstein Perella reportedly brokered the magazine 's sale to American Express Publishing , publisher of Travel + Leisure and Food & Wine . New York Woman '' 's founding publisher was Julie Lewit-Nirenberg , who was later the founding publisher of Mirabella , often referred to as a smart woman 's fashion magazine . Later she was a director of special projects at Conde-Nast . The magazine 's founding editor was Betsy Carter ( who went on to work for O , The Oprah Magazine , Oprah Winfrey 's magazine ) . The French graphic designer Fabien Baron used his creative director position at the magazine as an opportunity to further develop relationships with important clients in the fashion business such as Barneys and Calvin Klein . After leaving New York Woman , Baron continued to earn accolades for his fashion-oriented work in advertising and for magazines such as Harper 's Bazaar . Writers included the playwright Wendy Wasserstein , the Andy Warhol superstar Viva , the sociologist Barbara Ehrenreich , the comedy writer Merrill Markoe , the actress Theresa Meeker and Maureen Orth , who later wrote for Vanity Fair magazine.New York Woman '' ceased publication in 1992 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3f0b0f1e39f4d8369f09586b1cb9b329",
"text": "Five Towns Jewish Times The Five Towns Jewish Times is a weekly newspaper serving the Jewish communities of the Five Towns in southwestern Nassau County , New York , and the greater New York area , covering the area 's large and growing Orthodox Jewish community . The paper grew out of publisher Larry Gordon 's response to an effort in 2000 by the Lawrence municipality to limit the establishment and growth of local Orthodox synagogues . Gordon wrote a series of articles for the local Nassau Herald , which resulted in an abrupt policy reversal . Believing the Orthodox community needed its own media , Gordon established the 5 Towns Jewish Times . Originally published twice a month , it is now published 50 times a year . The paper is distributed every Thursday on newsstands and in synagogues and Jewish community centers . It is distributed for free on Long Island and sold for $ 1.00 in New York City and to weekly subscribers . The current print run each week is 20,000 papers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dde8acb6e212d0a4bd9807574ade6a16",
"text": "New York Journal of Books New York Journal of Books ( NYJB ) is a free online book review site established in 2009 . New York Journal of Books was founded by Ted Sturtz and its publisher is Lisa Rojany Buccieri . Its reviewers are largely traditionally published authors , but also include unpublished professionals who review books in their areas of expertise . NYJB 's reviewers have included National Book Award finalist , Beth Kephart ; author William Martin ( novelist ) ; Pulitzer-winning journalist and author William Dietric ; romance novelist Eloisa James ; Aphrodite Jones , Jon Land ; and Sam Millar ; and others . According to the website , `` The publication of a book is like the proverbial silent tree falling in the forest ... and the reviewer 's job is to tell the world . '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e022bc271f1089d1e5d39874fc22bb46",
"text": "Listings magazine A listings magazine is a magazine which is largely dedicated to information about the upcoming week 's events such as broadcast programming , music , clubs , theatre and film information . The BBC 's Radio Times was the world 's first listings magazine when it was founded in 1923 to compete with daily newspapers , which had hitherto fulfilled the role . . With the expansion of broadcast media many others have followed , expanding the format to include columns about media production and personalities , such as TV Hebdo ( Québec ) in Canada , TV Guide in the US and hundreds of others worldwide . Broadcast guides are normally published either with a Saturday or Sunday newspaper or are published weekly or fortnightly . It has become a highly competitive area of publishing . Other listings magazines have started from a primary base in cultural events , such as Time Out magazine in the UK . Most major cities worldwide have one or many more such publications . During the politically charged 1970s and 1980s , many of these magazines , in the UK at least , played a progressive role as part of the alternative press and had a reputation for leftward leaning investigative and campaigning journalism . They were some of the first consumer magazines to carry lists of `` agitprop '' events . City Limits was probably the most outspoken of all UK-based listings magazines but almost all followed Time Out 's lead of including space for lesbian and gay events and clubs . In certain areas of the UK which were previously dominated by the old guard of regional newspapers , which were traditionally more conservative in outlook , this was the first time that gay issues were put on a par with others - this was particularly true of Bristol 's Venue ( magazine ) , Southampton 's Due South Magazine , and to a lesser extent Manchester 's City Life where the local press ( Manchester Evening News ) had been at times at least , a little more tolerant .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2d6ce1d3e5ed97adcf1b398314b45f14",
"text": "David P. Goldman David Paul Goldman ( born September 27 , 1951 ) is an American economist , music critic , and author , best known for his series of online essays in the Asia Times under the pseudonym Spengler . The pseudonym is an allusion to German historian Oswald Spengler , whose most famous work , Decline of the West ( 1918 ) , asserted that Western civilization was already dying . Goldman says that he writes from a Judeo-Christian perspective and often focuses on demographic and economic factors in his analyses ; he says his subject matter proceeds `` from the theme formulated by -LSB- Franz -RSB- Rosenzweig : the mortality of nations and its causes , Western secularism , Asian anomie , and unadaptable Islam . '' On March 14 , 2015 , Goldman and long time Asia Times associate Uwe Von Parpart took control of Asia Times HK Ltd. .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "07a05e27d38b1ef2582ad3c3f0cb6e30",
"text": "The Bridgetown Museum and New Jersey Advocate NJToday.net is New Jersey 's oldest weekly newspaper in both its printed ( ISSN number 2328-6113 ) and online ( ISSN number 2328-6121 ) formats . Established in 1822 and formerly known as the News Record , NJToday.net offers local news coverage of communities throughout Union and Middlesex counties in New Jersey . With newspaper publication offices located at 1139 East Jersey St. , Suite 503 , Elizabeth , NJ 07201 , the Editor is Paul W. Hadsall , Jr. and the Publisher is Lisa McCormick . Among the regular contributors is James J. Devine , a controversial Democratic Party strategist and political commentator who authors a column entitled `` Voice of the People . '' The newspaper is published every Friday in Elizabeth .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5d8d499198fe25b1cd5c2176ce341371",
"text": "Poets House Poets House is a national literary center and poetry library based in New York City . With more than 60,000 volumes of poetry , the library is the premier independent poetry library in the United States . It is free and open to the public . Founded in 1985 by the late Stanley Kunitz , two-time poet laureate of the United States , and arts administrator Elizabeth Kray , Poets House contains virtually all poetry books published in the U.S. since 1990 , plus many that are long out of print dating to the early 20th Century . It also contains literary journals and chapbooks ( small , self-published books of poetry ) , and many audiotapes , videotapes , CDs , and DVDs of poetry readings from the mid-twentieth century through today . Visitors to Poets House can hear the voices of Walt Whitman , E. E. Cummings , William Carlos Williams , Sylvia Plath and hundreds of other poets . Every year , Poets House hosts the Poets House Showcase , which gathers and displays every book of poetry published in the United States in the preceding year . Poets House also curates and presents hundreds of readings , lectures , panels , symposiums and performances each year . In 1996 , the literary newspaper Poetry Flash called Poets House `` The House That Holds A Country , '' a reference to its dedication to being a caretaker of the nation 's poetic heritage . In 2005 , it was among 406 New York City arts and social service institutions to receive part of a $ 20 million grant from the Carnegie Corporation , which was made possible through a donation by New York City mayor Michael Bloomberg . In 2009 , Poets House moved from its longstanding location in SoHo to an eco-friendly `` green '' building at Ten River Terrace in Lower Manhattan 's Battery Park City . With a long-term lease ( until 2069 ) awarded by the Battery Park City Authority , Poets House has a permanent home for its collection . This new home for Poets House , with interiors designed by architect Louise Braverman , is on two floors covering 11000 sqft with a large children 's room , an exhibition space , a reading room and library , and a program hall that opens onto an extension of Teardrop Park . With views of the Hudson River and the Statue of Liberty , the new Poets House is bordered by Nelson A Rockefeller Park and is in walking distance of numerous subway and bus lines as well as the Port Authority Ferry Terminal at the World Financial Center . A public grand opening of the new facility took place on September 25 and 26 of 2009 . `` For nearly 25 years Poets House has been an anchor for poets and poetry lovers , '' noted Robin Pogrebin in the New York Times . Poets House is free and open to the public . Library hours are Tuesday-Friday , 11am to 7pm , and Saturdays , 11am to 6pm . The Children 's Room is open 11am to 3pm .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "98ebb8647c30f2321ce84ddd31c8f350",
"text": "The New York Times Fiction Best Sellers of 1963 This is a list of adult fiction books that topped The New York Times Fiction Best Seller list in 1963 . The list is notable for being blank for part of the winter as the New York Times , like many other newspapers in the city , worked its way through a major newspaper strike . When the strike ended in March , the political thriller Seven Days in May led the list , having also been at the top at the start of the strike in December 1962 . It lasted there only one week before being overtaken by J.D. Salinger 's second No. 1 bestseller in 18 months , the anthologized novellas , `` Raise High the Roof Beam , Carpenters '' and `` Seymour : An Introduction '' . Salinger 's book led the list for 14 weeks through the spring of 1963 . Daphne du Maurier 's The Glass-Blowers then spent six weeks on the list , followed by Morris West 's novel about the Vatican , The Shoes of the Fisherman ( 14 weeks ) . On October 6 , Shoes gave way to Mary McCarthy 's semi-autobiographical novel The Group , which would spend the next 20 weeks at the top , closing out the year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "873a63ab2d53abed7b76a0edd0fda163",
"text": "Times Publishing Company Times Publishing Company is a newspaper and magazine publisher . Its flagship publication is the Tampa Bay Times ( formerly the St. Petersburg Times ) , a daily newspaper serving the Tampa Bay area . It also publishes the business magazine Florida Trend and the daily newspaper tbt * . Times Publishing Company is based in St. Petersburg , Florida , and is owned by the Poynter Institute , a nonprofit journalism school in St. Petersburg . The current chairman and CEO of Times Publishing Company is Paul Tash , who also serves as editor of the Tampa Bay Times . On January 1 , 2012 , the St. Petersburg Times was renamed the Tampa Bay Times , with tbt * ( which was an acronym for `` Tampa Bay Times '' ) only referred to by that name .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "33df8cdbcd549d4a5e96a40a8cd8d3c5",
"text": "Theatre World Theatre World is the only ( first published in 1945 ) , comprehensive , annual pictorial and statistical record of American theatre in print publication , including Broadway , Off-Broadway , Off-Off-Broadway , and regional theatre , as well as a complete national theatrical awards section and obituaries . Including over 750 photographs , it is the definitive pictorial and statistical reference to each American theatrical season , and is referenced daily by industry professionals , students , historians , and theatre fans worldwide . Until 1998 , the Theatre World editorial staff administered the Theatre World Awards for Outstanding Broadway and off-Broadway debuts . First under the supervision of Theatre World founder Daniel Blum and then under John Willis , who took over the production of the Awards following Blum 's death in 1964 , the Theatre World Awards were first given to those recipients considered `` Promising Personalities . '' In 1998 , the Theatre World Awards were incorporated as a 501 ( c ) 3 nonprofit organization and are currently overseen by a board of directors independent of `` Theatre World . '' Theatre World is the recipient of a 2001 Tony Honor for Excellence in Theatre , presented by the American Theatre Wing , and on behalf of the publication , longtime editor-in-chief John Willis ( 1916-2010 ) accepted honors including the first Special Lucille Lortel Award , a Special Drama Desk Award , and the Broadway Theatre Institute ( now The Theatre Museum ) Lifetime Achievement Award . Theatre World is published annually by Theatre World Media and distributed by Applause Theatre and Cinema Books . The permanent editorial staff currently consists of Ben Hodges , editor in chief , and coeditor Scott Denny . Current editorial staff includes Adam Feldman of Time Out New York ( Broadway ) , Linda Buchwald TDF Stages ( Off-Broadway ) , Shay Gines New York Innovative Theatre Awards ( Off-Off-Broadway ) , and Diep Tran American Theatre Magazine ( Regional theatre ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "246d6650165524edfd0b799dfd4312af",
"text": "York Theatre York Theatre is an Off-Broadway theatre company base in East Midtown Manhattan , New York City . In its 48th year , York Theatre is dedicated to the production of new musicals and concert productions of forgotten musicals from the past . Each season consists of three or four mainstage productions , six or more concert presentations and dozens of developmental readings . It has had several transfers of its work to larger off-Broadway theatres and to Broadway . The company was awarded a special Drama Desk Award in 1996 to its artistic director Janet Hayes Walker and in 2006 for its `` vital contributions to theater by developing and presenting new musicals '' . Since 1993 the company has performed in an intimate theatre that is part of St. Peter 's Church , in the Citigroup Center Complex at 619 Lexington Avenue at the corner of East 54th Street . The Oscar Hammerstein Award is named in honor of the legendary lyricist and librettist who helped shape American musical theatre through his collaborations with a number of different composers and writers . The award was created in 1988 by Janet Hayes Walker , the Founding Artistic Director of The York Theatre Company , and is presented with the endorsement of the Rodgers & Hammerstein Organization and the Hammerstein family . The Oscar Hammerstein Award Gala is the major annual fundraising event of The York , a mainstay of the Off-Broadway scene for more than 45 years . Past recipients include Stephen Sondheim , Betty Comden & Adolph Green , Harold Prince , Cy Coleman , Charles Strouse , Arthur Laurents , Jerry Herman , Stephen Schwartz , Peter Stone , David Merrick , John Kander & Fred Ebb , Terrence McNally , Sir Cameron Mackintosh , Carol Channing , Tony Walton , Joseph Stein , Thomas Meehan , Jerry Bock and Sheldon Harnick , Barbara Cook , Paul Gemignani , Lynn Ahrens & Stephen Flaherty . In November , 2015 , the 24th Oscar Hammerstein Award was presented to Angela Lansbury in a star-studded tribute evening .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "59479e707be329441073301ea299b277",
"text": "Scot J. Paltrow Scot J. Paltrow is an American journalist . A financial journalist , Paltrow currently works for Reuters . Paltrow is from New York . He received his bachelor 's degree from the Cornell University College of Arts and Sciences and a master 's degree from the London School of Economics . Paltrow 's journalism career began in 1977 when he joined the Memphis Commercial Appeal as a reporter . The following year , he joined the Los Angeles Herald-Examiner , where his investigative series on corruption in Industry , California , `` The City of Insiders , '' resulted in federal and state criminal probes and several convictions . In 1981 , Paltrow moved to the Washington Star , where he covered federal courts . After the Star shut down the same year , Paltrow moved to the Wall Street Journal , where he was a reporter in the Los Angeles bureau . In 1985 , Paltrow became a European correspondent for the Journal based in Brussels . In April 1988 , Paltrow returned to the United States as New York financial bureau chief for the Los Angeles Times . During this period he did numerous investigative stories on Wall Street investment banks , markets and the insurance industry . '' While at the Times , Paltrow won a 1993 George Polk Award for Financial Reporting . Paltrow returned to the Wall Street Journal in May 1997 and served as senior special writer based in New York and writes for the paper 's Washington bureau . In 2007 , following Rupert Murdoch 's purchase of Dow Jones & Company ( which owns the Wall Street Journal ) , Paltrow left the paper and joined Condé Nast 's Portfolio.com as a contributing editor , starting September 1 , 2007 , following another longtime Journal journalist who moved to Portfolio.com , Peter Waldman . In September 2010 , Paltrow moved to Reuters , where he and fellow financial journalist Mark Hosenball were brought on as `` key hires '' in an effort to expand Reuters ' `` coverage of business , Wall Street and Washington . '' Paltrow joined Reuters to cover `` financial crimes , specifically covering criminal and civil investigations related to the financial crisis , as well as the effort to more closely regulate and police the financial world . '' In 2012 , Paltrow won a Society of American Business Editors and Writers Best in Business Awards in the Explanatory/News Agency category for his investigation into banks ' use of robo-signing . Paltrow has written a report , The Case for a Stronger Federal Role in Insurance Regulation : Weak State Regulation Highlights the Need for Federal Oversight of Health Premiums , for the Center for American Progress Action Fund . Paltrow has received a Gerald Loeb Award . Paltrow won 1992 and 1993 John Hancock Awards for Excellence in Business & Financial Journalism , the 1994 Los Angeles Times Editorial Award , the Unity Award in Media , and a 2001 Deadline Club Award from New York City Chapter of the Society of Professional Journalists .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "da321c0d37dd34d064a313286ff15be8",
"text": "List of The New York Times Manga Best Sellers The New York Times Best Seller list for manga published in the United States was introduced on March 5 , 2009 , along with two additional lists for hardcover and paperback graphic novels . The three lists are grouped under the `` Graphic Books '' category . Deborah Hoffman , an editor for the Best Seller lists , explained that the term `` Graphic Books '' was selected to create an `` inclusive and expansive '' list which can extend to works of both fiction and non-fiction . Journalist George Gustines announced , in his introduction of the new lists , `` Comics have finally joined the mainstream . '' The announcement was made the week the film Watchmen , based on the comic book of the same name , was released in movie theaters throughout the U.S. . The Best Seller lists are printed weekly in The New York Times Book Review magazine , which is published in the Sunday edition of The New York Times and as a stand-alone publication . Gustines explained the methodology used to determine the rankings : Rankings reflect sales of graphic novels -LSB- ... -RSB- at many thousands of venues where a wide range of books are sold nationwide . These include hundreds of independent book retailers ( statistically weighted to represent all such outlets ) ; national , regional and local chains ; online and multimedia entertainment retailers ; university , gift , supermarket , discount department stores and newsstands . In addition , these rankings also include unit sales reported by retailers nationwide that specialize in graphic novels and comic books . On multiple occasions , manga have been listed outside its designated list . Mike Kiley , then-Senior Vice President of the publisher Tokyopop , explained in 2010 that it has become more difficult to draw a distinguishing line between works that are manga and manga-inspired , such as Korean manhwa and American original English language ( OEL ) manga . A Drifting Life , an autobiographical manga by Yoshihiro Tatsumi , appeared on the May 3 , 2009 , Best Seller list for paperback graphic novels , where it ranked third . X-Men : Misfits , an original English manga based on the X-Men comic book franchise , ranked fifth at its debut on the August 30 , 2009 , paperback graphic novels list , and stayed on the chart for five consecutive weeks . The first volume of a manhwa adaptation of the popular vampire-themed Twilight novels by Stephenie Meyer remained on the hardcover graphic novels Best Seller list for 27 consecutive weeks in 2010 . In January 2017 , the Times decided to stop producing the separate manga best seller list .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6fa4642f56211576edcea614fd51eb7c",
"text": "Left Turn Left Turn was a bimonthly activist news magazine that focused on international social justice movements . Based in New York City and produced by an all volunteer editorial collective , the magazine promoted anti-imperialism and anti-authoritarianism . Left Turn had its roots in the anti-capitalist wing of the Global Justice Movement and was founded in the wake of the anti-WTO protests in Seattle in 1999 by a small group of socialists . The magazine 's tagline , `` Notes from the Global Intifada '' , was inspired by the then ongoing Palestinian intifada . The magazine supported grassroots activists with the Palestine Solidarity Movement . The magazine ceased publication in December 2011 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
b67c36841d8d36d928422c9ec82bd8ce
|
Boston University has colleges.
|
[
{
"docid": "9ac555fcaa244f74c58c798cba2a243e",
"text": "Boston University Boston University ( commonly referred to as BU ) is a private research university located in Boston , Massachusetts . The university is nonsectarian , and is historically affiliated with the United Methodist Church . The university has more than 3,900 faculty members and nearly 33,000 students , and is one of Boston 's largest employers . It offers bachelor 's degrees , master 's degrees , and doctorates , and medical , dental , business , and law degrees through 17 schools and colleges on two urban campuses . The main campus is situated along the Charles River in Boston 's Fenway-Kenmore and Allston neighborhoods , while the Boston University Medical Campus is in Boston 's South End neighborhood . BU is categorized as an R1 : Doctoral University ( very high research activity ) in the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education . BU is a member of the Boston Consortium for Higher Education and the Association of American Universities . The University was ranked 39th among undergraduate programs at national universities , and 32nd among global universities by U.S. News & World Report in its 2017 rankings . Among its alumni and current or past faculty , the university counts eight Nobel Laureates , 23 Pulitzer Prize winners , 10 Rhodes Scholars , six Marshall Scholars , 48 Sloan Fellows , nine Academy Award winners , and several Emmy and Tony Award winners . BU also has MacArthur , Fulbright , Truman and Guggenheim Fellowship holders as well as American Academy of Arts and Sciences and National Academy of Sciences members among its past and present graduates and faculty . In 1876 , BU professor Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in a BU lab . American Civil Rights Movement leader and 1964 Nobel Peace Prize winner Dr. Martin Luther King , Jr. received his PhD in Theology from BU in 1955 . The Boston University Terriers compete in the NCAA 's Division I. BU athletic teams compete in the Patriot League , and Hockey East conferences , and their mascot is Rhett the Boston Terrier . Boston University is well known for men 's hockey , in which it has won five national championships , most recently in 2009 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "66feb22d23f5140650742415f12f9d34",
"text": "University of Maine at Farmington The University of Maine at Farmington is a public liberal arts college and a founding member of the Council of Public Liberal Arts Colleges , offering programs in teacher education , human services and arts and sciences as a part of the University of Maine System . The school is also at times referred to as UMaine Farmington or UMF for short .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b9e6c14c2dbec95290cf1d6d256501e6",
"text": "Worcester Junior College Worcester Junior College was a private two-year college located in Worcester , Massachusetts . Prior to its closure in 1989 , the College offered Associate 's degrees in liberal arts and sciences , business and engineering . WJC began in 1905 as the Worcester Youth Men 's Christian Association Institute . At the time , the College 's only academic offering was a course in automobile mechanics . The curriculum steadily expanded until 1956 , when WJC offered courses in Engineering , Business , and the Liberal Arts . By 1919 , the College was involved in a partnership with Northeastern University , becoming the Worcester Division of Northeastern . Courses were taught at a high school/technical school level . In 1926 , the WYMCA Institute decided to split into a preparatory school and an engineering school . In 1938 , the Institute received a charter to grant associate degrees and , in the same year , officially changed its name to Worcester Junior College ( some initial plans used the name ` Alden Junior College , ' but ` Worcester Junior College ' was used in the official charter ) . College officials complemented the night courses with a day school in 1940 , and in 1942 , dropped ties between the College and Northeastern . By 1977 , the WJC was operating as part of the a newly constituted institution of higher learning , known as Central New England Colleges ( CNEC ) . CNEC was composed of a junior college ( Worcester , offering under graduate degrees in business management and computer science ) and a senior college -LSB- Central New England College of Technology -RSB- serving some 2000 students . Based in its buildings in Worcester , MA , CNEC expanded its market and programs to a second campus by constructing a new state-of-the-art academic facility located in Westborough , MA . In the late 1980s , CNEC experienced a major funding exigency , largely caused by significant irregular financial administrative practices . In 1988 , CNEC was placed under the management of Nichols College . Seeking to alleviate the crisis and to serve the immediate academic needs of CNEC students and faculty , Nichols sought to restructure CNEC 's finances through the sale of CNEC 's Westborough property . Unfortunately , in 1989 , the Boston METRO-WEST real estate market experienced a downturn . Buyers for the property terminated their purchase and sale agreement , forfeiting their earnest money deposit . An official of the bank that held CNEC 's mortgage was unwilling to provide additional time to resolve the situation and forced the foreclosure of CNEC . CNEC closed its doors on April 21 , 1989 . Incidentally , several years later , the same bank official that dealt with CNEC was found guilty of absconding with funds secured through his forced foreclosures and was sentenced to a lengthy incarceration . Note : Records are kept at Nichols College in Dudley MA .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ac04a0727bcba060176b51535990ebbd",
"text": "Liberal arts college A liberal arts college is a college with an emphasis on undergraduate study in the liberal arts and sciences . A liberal arts college aims to impart a broad general knowledge and develop general intellectual capacities , in contrast to a professional , vocational , or technical curriculum . Students in a liberal arts college generally major in a particular discipline while receiving exposure to a wide range of academic subjects , including sciences as well as the traditional humanities subjects taught as liberal arts . Although it draws on European antecedents , the liberal arts college is strongly associated with American higher education , and most liberal arts colleges around the world draw explicitly on the American model . There is no formal definition of liberal arts college , but one American authority defines them as schools that `` emphasize undergraduate education and award at least half of their degrees in the liberal arts fields of study . '' Other researchers have adopted similar definitions . Although many liberal arts colleges are exclusively undergraduate , some also offer graduate programs that lead to a master 's degree or doctoral degree in subjects such as business administration , nursing , medicine , and law . Similarly , although the term `` liberal arts college '' most commonly refers to an independent institution , it may also sometimes refer to a university college within or affiliated with a larger university . Most liberal arts colleges outside of the United States follow this model .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "65392032384368ed2bc2b074dbcadeb4",
"text": "Sports in Boston Boston , the capital city of the U.S. state of Massachusetts and largest city in the New England region of the northeastern United States , is home to several major league sports teams , including the Red Sox ( baseball ) , the Celtics ( basketball ) and the Bruins ( ice hockey ) . The New England Patriots ( American football ) and the New England Revolution ( soccer ) play at Gillette Stadium in nearby Foxborough , Massachusetts . Several Boston-area colleges and universities are also active in college athletics . Sports are a major part of the city 's culture ( as well as the culture of the Greater Boston area ) . Boston sports fans are known for their fanatical devotion to the Red Sox and knowledge of the team 's history . Fenway Park , home of the Red Sox , is the oldest ballpark in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) and holds a legendary status among baseball fans . Boston is the only city in professional sports in which all facilities are privately owned and operated . The Patriots own Gillette Stadium , the Red Sox own Fenway Park , and TD Garden is owned by Delaware North , owner of the Bruins . The Celtics rent TD Garden from Delaware North . In the 2000s , Boston 's professional teams had arguably the most successful decade in sports history , winning ten championships ( five by the Patriots , three by the Red Sox and one each by the Celtics and Bruins ) . When the Bruins won the 2011 Stanley Cup Finals , the city of Boston became the first city in the 21st century to have all four of its major professional league teams win a league championship , and it is the only city ever to have championships in all four major professional leagues within a ten-year span ( from the Patriots ' victory in February 2002 to the Bruins ' in June 2011 ) . In just ten years , between February 2002 and June 2011 , Boston 's teams completed what Sports Illustrated dubbed as the `` Grand Slam of North American sports . '' With the Patriots ' victory over the Seattle Seahawks in Super Bowl XLIX , the four major Boston-area sports teams completed a grand-slam in six years ( the 2008 Celtics , the 2011 Bruins , the 2013 Red Sox and the 2014 Patriots ) . Beyond that , several of the teams were league finalists : the Revolution four times , the Patriots twice and the Bruins and Celtics once apiece . With the Bruins reaching the 2011 Stanley Cup Finals , this allowed Boston to join Philadelphia as being the only cities to have had all of their teams play in each of the four major North American professional sports leagues ' title rounds since 2000 , following the Patriots in Super Bowls XXXVI in 2002 , XXXVIII in 2004 , XXXIX in 2005 , XLII in 2008 , XLVI in 2012 , XLIX in 2015 , and LI in 2017 and winning all of them , except Super Bowl XLII and XLVI , the Red Sox winning World Series titles in ( ending the Curse of the Bambino ) , , and , and the Celtics in the NBA Finals in and and winning in 2008 . In addition , Boston beat out Philadelphia for playing in all of the `` big '' league championship rounds in the shortest time in the new millennium , as it took 9 years for Philadelphia to achieve this feat ; Boston needed only three years and eight months . From 2004 to 2015 , all four Boston major league teams have each reached the championship rounds two times or more .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "776c29608ba2787bb7a952eb7b5f5c59",
"text": "German Scholars Boston German Scholars Boston , also known as German Scholars Agency , and abbreviated as GSA or GSB , is an independent organization of more than 12,000 German-speaking scholars , alumni and professionals living and working in Cambridge or the greater Boston area interested in Germanic culture . It comprises scientists , scholars , students , fellows , post-docs and alumni from all major universities in the area , such as Harvard University , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Boston University and Tufts University , as well as professionals from different companies , and people from government - and non-governmental organizations . It has more than 6000 alumni . GSB provides a forum for its members to meet , discuss , exchange ideas and vital information . GSB invites to specific cultural and social events to get together on a regular basis .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "55dbfe87a0e2155db7eb0fb7f5f4e751",
"text": "List of Suffolk University people Here follows a list of notable people associated with Suffolk University in Boston , Massachusetts . This list includes Bates alumni , faculty , and honorary degree recipients , as well as students of Suffolk University Law School , the Suffolk College of Arts and Sciences , Sawyer Business School , and the New England School of Art and Design at Suffolk University .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a88b660519045c503b1bc8d641a0718a",
"text": "Boston University Medical Campus The Boston University Medical Campus ( BUMC ) is one of the two campuses of Boston University , the other being the Charles River Campus . The campus is situated in the South End neighborhood of Boston , Massachusetts , United States . In conjunction with the Charles River Campus , BUMC provides the Boston University Shuttle ( BUS ) to transport students , staff , and faculty between campuses . The current provost of BUMC is Karen H. Antman .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a9dce5c6226857aff9ac1308ca6f8b92",
"text": "Suffolk University Law School Suffolk University Law School ( also known as `` Suffolk Law School '' ) . Suffolk University Law School is a private , non-sectarian law school located in downtown Boston , Massachusetts . Suffolk University Law School was founded in 1906 by Gleason Archer , Sr. to provide a legal education for those who traditionally lacked the opportunity to study law because of socio-economic or racial discrimination . Suffolk is the fourth-oldest New England law school in continuous existence . The law school currently has both day and evening , part-time divisions . Suffolk University Law School has been accredited by the American Bar Association since 1953 and the Association of American Law Schools since 1977 . The school is located in Sargent Hall on Tremont Street in downtown Boston . Suffolk offers over 200 upper-level electives , the most of any law school in the country , and is consistently ranked one of the most technologically advanced schools in the nation . Suffolk publishes six law reviews , to which students , faculty , and other scholars contribute . Suffolk University Law School alumni are found in high-level judicial , political , and private positions throughout the United States . With over 25,000 alumni , Suffolk is the fourth largest law school in the United States . According to Suffolk Law 's 2013 ABA-required disclosures , 36.9 % of the Class of 2013 obtained full-time , long-term , JD-required employment nine months after graduation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7a1b5285e13599ae3e79f0093dcb2928",
"text": "University of Tampa The University of Tampa ( UT ) , is a private co-educational university in Downtown Tampa , Florida , United States . It is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools . UT offers more than 200 programs of study , including 13 master 's degrees and a broad variety of majors , minors , pre-professional programs , and certificates .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "de9cbd6a6b6af34e6b6e5d84565353ef",
"text": "List of college athletic programs in Connecticut The main article is College sports . Notes : This list is in a tabular format , with columns arranged in the following order , from left to right : Athletic team description ( short school name and nickname ) , with a link to the school 's athletic program article if it exists . When only one nickname is listed , it is used for teams of both sexes . ( Note that in recent years , many schools have chosen to use the same nickname for men 's and women 's teams even when the nickname is distinctly masculine . ) When two nicknames are given , the first is used for men 's teams and the other is used for women 's teams . Different nicknames for a specific sport within a school are noted separately below the table . Full name of school . Location of school . ( If available ) Conference of the school ( if conference column is left blank , the school is either independent or the conference is unknown ) . Apart from the ongoing conversions , the following notes apply : Following the normal standard of U.S. sports media , the terms `` University '' and `` College '' are ignored in alphabetization , unless necessary to distinguish schools ( such as Boston College and Boston University ) or are actually used by the media in normally describing the school ( formerly the case for the College of Charleston , but media now use `` Charleston '' for that school 's athletic program ) . Schools are also alphabetized by the names they are most commonly referred to by sports media , with non-intuitive examples included in parentheses next to the school name . This means , for example , that campuses bearing the name `` University of North Carolina '' may variously be found at `` C '' ( Charlotte ) , `` N '' ( North Carolina , referring to the Chapel Hill campus ) , and `` U '' ( the Asheville , Greensboro , Pembroke , and Wilmington campuses , all normally referred to as UNC - -LCB- campus name -RCB- ) . The prefix `` St. '' , as in `` Saint '' , is alphabetized as if it were spelled out .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b53ead2bf20a0343eeb864c53b975e5e",
"text": "Boston Lyceum The Boston Lyceum ( est. 1829 ) of Boston , Massachusetts was a civic association dedicated to popular education in the form of `` lectures , discussions , ... declamation , '' and writing contests . It began `` in Chauncy Hall on 25 June 1829 . On 13 August 1829 it formed its classes and made provisions for lectures and debates . '' Annual members ' `` exhibitions '' of elocution took place in various venues around town , such as the Masonic Temple ( 1832 ) , Tremont Hall ( 1839 ) and the Odeon ( 1840 ) . Leaders included George Bancroft , Timothy Claxton , James T. Fields , Abbott Lawrence , William H. Prescott , William D. Ticknor , and Amasa Walker . Among the many lecturers : Nehemiah Adams , J.A. Bolles , David Paul Brown , Rufus Choate , William M. Cornell , C.C. Emerson , James Pollard Espy , Edward Everett , Dr. Grigg , George S. Hillard , Oliver Wendell Holmes , Dr. C.T. Jackson , N. Jones , Rev. John Pierpont , Edgar Allan Poe , John Osborne Sargent , William H. Simmons , Charles Sumner , B.B. Thatcher , Henry Theodore Tuckerman , Amasa Walker , and E.M.P. Wells .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "92b5eb54e72250cc53bbaae9066077d1",
"text": "List of college athletic programs in New Jersey This is a list of college athletic programs in New Jersey , USA . '' ` Notes : This list is in a tabular format , with columns arranged in the following order , from left to right : Athletic team description ( short school name and nickname ) , with a link to the school 's athletic program article if it exists . When only one nickname is listed , it is used for teams of both sexes . ( Note that in recent years , many schools have chosen to use the same nickname for men 's and women 's teams even when the nickname is distinctly masculine . ) When two nicknames are given , the first is used for men 's teams and the other is used for women 's teams . Different nicknames for a specific sport within a school are noted separately below the table . Full name of school . Location of school . Conference of the school ( if conference column is left blank , the school is either independent or the conference is unknown ) . Apart from the ongoing conversions , the following notes apply : Following the normal standard of U.S. sports media , the terms `` University '' and `` College '' are ignored in alphabetization , unless necessary to distinguish schools ( such as Boston College and Boston University ) or are actually used by the media in normally describing the school ( formerly the case for the College of Charleston , but national media now use `` Charleston '' to describe that school 's athletic program ) . Schools are also alphabetized by the names they are most commonly referred to by sports media , with non-intuitive examples included in parentheses next to the school name . This means , for example , that campuses bearing the name `` University of North Carolina '' may variously be found at `` C '' ( Charlotte ) , `` N '' ( North Carolina , referring to the Chapel Hill campus ) , and `` U '' ( the Asheville , Greensboro , Pembroke , and Wilmington campuses , all normally referred to as UNC - -LCB- campus name -RCB- ) . The prefix `` St. '' , as in `` Saint '' , is alphabetized as if it were spelled out .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c41f8429b1a672181c3367e5e1cc265e",
"text": "Higher education in the United States Higher education in the United States is an optional final stage of formal learning following secondary education . Higher education , also referred to as post-secondary education , third stage , third level , or tertiary education occurs most commonly at one of the 4,726 Title IV degree-granting institutions , either colleges or universities in the country . These may be public universities , private universities , liberal arts colleges , community colleges , or for-profit colleges . High visibility issues include greater use of the Internet , such as massive open online courses , competency-based education , cutbacks in state spending , rapidly rising tuition and increasing student loans . According to the National Student Clearinghouse , US college enrollment has declined for five consecutive years and is projected to continue declining for the next two decades . Strong research and funding have helped make American colleges and universities among the world 's most prestigious , making them particularly attractive to international students , professors and researchers in the pursuit of academic excellence . Unlike the tertiary education system of the UK and Australia , American education is unique in the world to place strong emphasis on Liberal Arts education in its higher education curriculum .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9a6dbf9fa7f29b4b36747b709e32b482",
"text": "Boston (disambiguation) Boston is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Massachusetts . Boston may also refer to :",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "88bf0fcfa0cc7518e1d0b5f617a29af2",
"text": "Maine Maritime Academy Maine Maritime Academy is a public post-secondary college and nautical training institution with approximately 900 students , located in Castine in Hancock County , Maine , USA . The Academy was established by the 90th Maine Legislature on March 21 , 1941 . Maine Maritime Academy is a public college . Costs of admission are comparable to the nearby University of Maine . Unlike federal service academies , a congressional recommendation is not required to attend this state school . Students are not obligated to go to sea or into the military after graduation , and a large portion of the graduating class chooses shore-side employment , often in maritime related fields or the power generation industry . Maine Maritime Academy is one of six maritime training colleges in the United States , and one of only two of these maritime academies which fields a Navy Reserve Officers Training Corps ( NROTC ) unit . The college is affiliated under the New England Association of Schools and Colleges . Maine Maritime Academy is the only business , residence , or organization to receive mail at the US ZIP code 04420 . In 2015 , Maine Maritime Academy was named the best public university or college in the United States by Money Magazine .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b704b57aa3947ba1a242cbbcc1a01696",
"text": "Hopkins House (Boston College) Hopkins House ( Boston College ) is home to the Office of Governmental & Community Affairs at Boston College . Its mission is to foster communication and positive relationships with the University 's host communities of Boston and Newton , as well as all levels of government .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8e3753d9f24d0350b8c5df24f92ed5de",
"text": "Lynch School of Education The Lynch School of Education ( LSOE ) is a professional school of Boston College that offers graduate and undergraduate programs in education , psychology and human development .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cab9bac9af264dc4589bb1f154d7b4e1",
"text": "Boston University School of Law Boston University School of Law ( BU Law ) is a nationally recognized law school located in the heart of Boston University 's campus on Commonwealth Avenue in Boston , Massachusetts . Consistently ranked among the top American law schools , `` U.S. News and World Report '' currently ranks it 23rd in the country . Three specialties are in the top 10 , including Health Law ( # 2 ) , Tax Law ( # 7 ) , and Intellectual Property Law ( # 9 ) . Princeton Review ranks it 1st place nationally in `` Best Professors '' and 8th place for `` Best Classroom Experience . '' For the class of 2018 , the median student LSAT score was 164 and median GPA was 3.68 . BU was one of the first law schools in the country to admit students regardless of race or gender , the second-oldest law school in Massachusetts , and a charter member of the American Bar Association . Nearly 700 students are enrolled in the full-time J.D. degree program and about 350 in the School 's five LLM degree programs . The School offers more than 200 classes and seminars , 21 study abroad opportunities , and 17 dual degree programs . Students learn critical legal theory and doctrine in classes that average a 10.6:1 student/faculty ratio , while developing professional lawyering skills in the School 's 1L Lawyering Lab , civil and criminal law clinics , national and international externships , pro bono placements , and transactional law program . BU also pioneered a clinic to represent victims of human trafficking in Boston .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "12884e295dd7bdae68e15e3a86ce0a36",
"text": "Association of American Colleges and Universities The Association of American Colleges and Universities ( AAC&U ) is a national association headquartered in Washington , D.C , United States . It focuses on improving undergraduate education and advancing liberal education . Founded in 1915 , AAC&U comprises more than 1,350 member institutions -- including accredited public and private colleges , community colleges , research universities , and comprehensive universities . The organization 's mission statement states its goal is `` to make liberal education and inclusive excellence the foundation for institutional purpose and educational practice in higher education . '' Beginning its second century as a higher education association , AAC&U advocates for liberal education for all college students , across all fields and disciplines , at all types of institutions . This advocacy sets AAC&U apart from other non-profit higher-education associations and positions AAC&U in the midst of vigorous arguments about the purpose and quality of college education . AAC&U serves all sectors of higher education ; the association does not lobby for higher education . In August 2015 , Inside Higher Education 's Paul Fain characterizes AAC&U this way : `` Amid talk of higher education 's possible disruption and unbundling , the Association of American Colleges & Universities stakes out an aggressive middle ground . Are people listening ? '' Writing for the Chronicle of Higher Education , Dan Berrett offers a historical perspective on the purposes of college education . In an article titled `` If Skills Are the New Canon , Are Colleges Teaching Them ? '' Berrett explores how college teaching , learning , and assessment are changing . The article situates the work of AAC&U at the center of debate about the purpose of college education , specifically raising questions about quality of student learning and ways that educators are providing evidence that students are learning .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "591c2c009ef08044580915317c0a20cc",
"text": "Lesley University Lesley University is a private , coeducational university in Cambridge , Massachusetts . It offers education , expressive therapies , creative writing , counseling , and fine arts programs . The university is a member of the New England Association of Schools and Colleges , National Association of Schools of Art and Design , New England Collegiate Conference , and the Association of Independent Colleges of Art and Design .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
51c893ec73fdba0230d85d593cbdd767
|
Rajesh Khanna was a person.
|
[
{
"docid": "123f167a3e222e676e1c3bf45541753b",
"text": "Rajesh Khanna Rajesh Khanna ( born Jatin Khanna ; 29 December 1942 -- 18 July 2012 ) was an Indian actor , film producer and politician who is known for his work in Hindi cinema . He was referred to as the `` first superstar '' and the `` original superstar '' of Indian cinema . He starred in 15 consecutive solo hit films in the period 1969 to 1971 , still an unbroken record . He made his debut in 1966 with Aakhri Khat . Through his career he appeared in more than 168 feature films and 12 short films . He received the Filmfare Best Actor Award three times and the BFJA Awards for Best Actor ( Hindi ) four times . In 1991 , he was awarded the Filmfare Special Award and in 2005 , he received the Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award . He was the highest paid Indian actor from 1970 to 1987 where Amitabh Bachchan shared the same tag with Khanna from 1980 to 1987 . He was also a Lok Sabha member of the Indian National Congress from New Delhi ( Lok Sabha constituency ) from 1992 to 1996 . He married Dimple Kapadia in March 1973 , eight months before her debut film Bobby was released and had two daughters from the marriage . Their elder daughter Twinkle Khanna is married to actor Akshay Kumar , while they also have a younger daughter Rinke Khanna . After being critically ill , Khanna died on 18 July 2012 . Khanna has been posthumously awarded India 's third highest civilian honour Padma Bhushan . On 30 April 2013 he was officially bestowed with the title The First Superstar of Indian cinema at Dadasaheb Phalke Academy Awards He has also been honored with a stamp and statue of his likeness , and a road being renamed in his honor .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "8a5ae7934f8f1577d41f7d23baf9551a",
"text": "Prem Krishna Khanna Prem Kishan Khanna ( 2 January 1894 -- 3 August 1993 ) was an active member of the Hindustan Republican Association from Shahjahanpur U.P. Khanna was a contractor for Indian Railways . He was a close associate of noted revolutionary Ram Prasad Bismil . Khanna had a license to own a Mauser pistol , which was occasionally used by Bismil for his various revolutionary actions . He was arrested in the Kakori conspiracy case against the British Empire , and was prosecuted and sentenced to five years rigorous imprisonment for giving his arms licence to Bismil who used it to purchase 150 cartridges on his behalf , which was a criminal offense . He was released from jail in 1932 . Later in life , he remained a bachelor and worked for Indian Independence . He was elected as Member of Parliament from Shahjahanpur ( Lok Sabha constituency ) in 1962 and 1967 . He died on 3 August 1993 in the district hospital of Shahjahanpur .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2d9b10f940dea3147617d29548b4cd93",
"text": "Mr. India (1987 film) Mr. India is a 1987 Indian Hindi science fiction superhero film directed by Shekhar Kapur . It stars Anil Kapoor , Sridevi and Amrish Puri in the lead roles The film was the highest grossing Indian film of 1987 , and remains a cult classic in India . The film was known for several of its lines and songs , including Sridevi 's Miss Hawa Hawaii performance , and Amrish Puri 's quote `` Mogambo khush hua '' ( Mogambo is pleased ) , which is one of the most famous quotes of Bollywood and became synonymous with Puri . The Mogambo character is also considered to be one of the best villains in Bollywood history . Laxmikant-Pyarelal 's music performed well too , especially the song Hawa Hawaii which is very popular till today . The film has often been featured in different lists of top Bollywood films . Indiatimes Movies ranks the movie amongst the Top 25 Must See Bollywood Films . This was the last film that the writing duo Salim-Javed wrote together . They had split up earlier in 1982 , but came back for one last film . On the centenary of Indian Cinema , Mr. India has been declared one of the 100 Greatest Indian Films of All Time . Interestingly Rajesh Khanna and Amitabh Bachchan were offered the lead role , but they turned it down as they could n't relate with the invisible hero .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "583510b32eaed6a9990eba3c18134f8b",
"text": "Aparnaa Singh Aparna Singh is a Bollywood film writer and director .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "32163d95fade832fc4a96217d987ec6c",
"text": "Rajna Rajna is a French group performing world music , with atmospheric layering of synthesizer , ethnic instruments and an ethereal female voice ( called Heavenly Voices ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ac9461432efef70ccff3c59b0b283938",
"text": "K. Rajeshwar K. Rajeshwar is an Indian film director , who has Tamil films . He was active primarily as a film maker and a writer in the 1990s collaborating in ventures which often included Pratap Pothan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "750082170af4e607c72dabdfe8097b83",
"text": "Angustha purusha The Katha Upanishad ( 1.12-13 ) mentions aa puruṣa ( man , being ) of the size of the thumb ( aṅgúṣṭha ) enshrined in the interiors of the heart ( hridaye guhaayaam `` cave of the heart '' ) of a human being . `` The purusha , who is of the size of a thumb , resides in the body . The purusha who is the size of a thumb is a light ( jyoti ) without smoke . '' Certain other Upanishads describe the purusha to be of a golden ( hiranmaya ) hue and the purursha as a golden being ( hiranmaya purusha ) . The purusha is seated inside the cave of the human heart . As per Hindu religious beliefs , the heart is identified as the abode of divinity within the body . In Gita , Lord Krishna enunciated that he stays within heart of each human being . This `` being '' dwelling inside the heart has been equated with the ` jiva ' or the ` self ' which carries the consciousness and a meta-physical body ( prakriti ) , also termed as the karana sharira . The karana sharira has most transcendental existence and accumulates the experiences of the physical , earthly life . This ` jiva ' is a spark of divinity , and its place in the body is the heart region . ( Heart means not the physical heart But the spiritual heart or the heart chakra . ) As per Sri Aurobindo , the angustha purusha is made up of elements of chaitya ( chetna ) , i.e. the angustha purusha is a being existing at the psychic ( Chetas ) sphere . Sri Aurobindo mentions that behind the ordinary chakra of the human heart region , inside a deep cave nihite guhayam as described by the Upanishads , is the center where a divine spark is present . This thumb-sized purusha is the bird in the twin-bird analogy of the Rigveda and Sankhya ( dvau suparna sayuja sakhaya ) which actually gets involved in the prakriti and suffers and/or enjoys the fruits of its Karma . As per Upanishads , the hiranmaya angustha purusha embodies the karana sharira . This hiranmaya angustha purusha is the vehicle of transmigration of soul among births . The visualizations regarding the size of the ` self ' has been of great significance in the Upansihads . The Brhadaranyaka Upanishad in V. 5.6.1 and the Chandogya Upanishad in V. 3.14.3 maintain the size of the self to be equal to a seed . The Shatapata Brahmana , V. 10.6.3 , mentions that the self : ... in the interior of my heart , is as tiny like a rice or barley or millet seed and golden like a smokeless light ( or flame ) . The angustha purusha is indestructible and resplendent and is contra-distinct from the purusha of the Purusha sukta . The angustha purusha is individualistic jivaatma while the primeval purursha of the purusha sukta is the collective paramatma .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a985cba6e00d646ad56506e50edda672",
"text": "List of films released by Yash Raj Films Yash Raj Films ( abbreviated as YRF ) is an Indian entertainment company , established by Yash Chopra in 1970 , that produces and distributes motion pictures . As of 2017 , the company has produced 71 Hindi films , including three that are yet-to-be-released , and one Tamil film . Yash Raj Films started a film distribution business in 1997 , and in addition to distributing their own productions , the company has handled the domestic and international distribution of 35 films from other companies . Yash Raj Films ' first release came in 1973 with the Chopra-directed Daag : A Poem of Love , a drama about bigamy , starring Rajesh Khanna , Raakhee and Sharmila Tagore . The company had four more releases in the 1970s , including the family drama Kabhie Kabhie and the action film Kaala Patthar , both of which starred Amitabh Bachchan . Yash Raj Films ' sole commercial success in the 1980s was the Sridevi-starring romance Chandni . The year 1995 marked the directorial debut of Yash Chopra 's son , Aditya Chopra , with the highly successful romantic drama Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge . Starring Shah Rukh Khan and Kajol , the film has the longest theatrical run in Indian cinema history . Other successful releases of the 1990s were Darr ( 1993 ) and Dil To Pagal Hai ( 1997 ) , both starring Khan . In the 2000s , Yash Raj Films produced a larger number of films . In addition to directorial ventures from Yash and Aditya Chopra , the company launched several new directors , including Sanjay Gadhvi , Vijay Krishna Acharya , Kunal Kohli , Siddharth Anand , and Shaad Ali . Some of the company 's top-grossing films in that decade include Gadhvi 's action thrillers Dhoom ( 2004 ) and Dhoom 2 ( 2006 ) , Kohli 's romantic thriller Fanaa ( 2006 ) , Ali 's comedy film Bunty Aur Babli ( 2005 ) , Yash Chopra 's romance Veer-Zaara ( 2004 ) , and Aditya Chopra 's dramas Mohabbatein ( 2000 ) and Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi ( 2008 ) . Beginning in 2008 , the company introduced a number of new actors such as Anushka Sharma , Ranveer Singh , Parineeti Chopra , and Arjun Kapoor . Yash Raj Films ' highest-grossing films came in the 2010s with the Kabir Khan-directed action thriller Ek Tha Tiger ( 2012 ) , starring Salman Khan and Katrina Kaif , the third installment of the Dhoom franchise , entitled Dhoom 3 ( 2013 ) , featuring Aamir Khan , Uday Chopra and Abhishek Bachchan , and the sports drama Sultan ( 2016 ) , starring Salman Khan and Sharma . All three films rank among the highest-grossing Bollywood films of all time . The most frequent collaborations of the company have been with the actors Rani Mukerji , Rishi Kapoor , Shah Rukh Khan , and Saif Ali Khan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ffb69f159d502b315f959b58583570ca",
"text": "Rajdharma Rajdharma means the duty of the rulers , which was intrinsically entwined with the concept of bravery and Kshatriya dharma . In another interpretation , Rajdharma proceeds to guide the individual to incorporate spirituality in his/her work life and in his personal life . The thoughts do not focus on traditional or orthodox values and visions of religious duties , but on techniques by which one can become an effective competitor in the world market . The spiritual dimension refers to the revival of inner strength , which is a sensitivity which can be felt and experienced but not measured . This prepares the individual to cope with the environmental scramble and existential stress . It also helps the individual to become a naturally happy person with no real gap between his public and private face . Such persons become inspired workers and their inspiration is derived from spiritual strength and reinforced by positive thinking .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "75fa16717aebb4b24283d3efdaa2e78e",
"text": "Chitralekha (1964 film) Chitralekha is a 1964 historical-philosophical Hindi film , directed by Kidar Sharma , starring Ashok Kumar , Meena Kumari and Pradeep Kumar . It was based on 1934 Hindi novel by the same name by Bhagwati Charan Verma about Bijgupta serving under the Maurya Empire and the king Chandragupta Maurya ( 340 BCE -- 298 BCE ) and his love for courtesan Chitralekha . Films music and lyrics were by Roshan and Sahir Ludhianvi and noted for his songs like , `` Sansaar Se Bhaage Phirte Ho '' and `` Man Re Tu Kaahe '' . It was a remake of Chitralekha ( 1941 ) , also directed by Kidar Sharma , which was the second highest grossing Indian film of 1941 . Unlike its previous version , this one did n't do well at the box office ; critics have suggested poor screenwriting and incorrect casting as reasons .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a294f1cbdc112d097731fb8347814332",
"text": "Aan Milo Sajna Aan Milo Sajna is a 1970 Hindi film written by Sachin Bhowmick , produced by Jagdish Kumar and directed by Mukul Dutt . The film stars Rajesh Khanna and Asha Parekh in the lead roles and supporting case included Vinod Khanna , Rajendra Nath , Aruna Irani and Nirupa Roy . The music is by Laxmikant Pyarelal with lyrics by Anand Bakshi . The film became a super hit at the box office and the song `` Acha to Hum Chalte Hain '' was a phenomenon . This film is counted among the 17 consecutive hit films Rajesh Khanna between 1969 and 1971 , by adding the two hero films Marayada and Andaz to the 15 consecutive solo hits he gave from 1969 to 1971 . During the interval of other films released in 1970 , when the trailer for the Aan Milo Sajna , used to be played and crowds used to erupt as soon as Rajesh Khanna arrived on the screen .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "be3148e952d5fbcbe3b525f02375a171",
"text": "Producers Guild Film Awards The Producers Guild Film Awards ( previously known as the Apsara Film & Television Producers Guild Award ) is an accolade given by the Apsara Producers Guild to recognize excellence in Indian film and television . Originated by filmmaker and scholar Amit Khanna , the Star Guild Awards have been one of the major award events since 2004 . The 22-karat gold statuette was sculpted and designed by the jewellery brand Tanishq and was `` inspired by the rich heritage of one of India 's most treasured possessions - the Ajanta and Ellora Caves . '' Nominations for the awards come from selected members of the guild , with the full membership ( around 160 ) available to vote for the winners . The ballots cast by the guild members are then taken to a common venue for the final counting .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8568571d1d8245bff5d26e165f3f7aa4",
"text": "Bajirao Mastani Bajirao Mastani is a 2015 Indian epic historical romance film directed by Sanjay Leela Bhansali , who also composed the music of the film . It is jointly produced by Bhansali and Eros International . The film stars Ranveer Singh as Bajirao I and Deepika Padukone as Mastani , with Priyanka Chopra playing Bajirao 's first wife Kashibai . Tanvi Azmi , Vaibbhav Tatwawdi and Milind Soman appear in supporting roles . Based on the Marathi novel Raau by Nagnath S. Inamdar , the film narrates the story of the Maratha Peshwa Bajirao ( 1700-1740 AD ) and his second wife Mastani . The film was in development for 15 years , with Bhansali wanting to make the film after Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam . However , several times , the production was delayed due to the changing cast . Principal photography started in mid 2014 after the casting of principal roles was finalised . The film was released on 18 December 2015 to critical acclaim from critics , who praised the direction , cinematography , production design , costumes , music and performances , particularly of Chopra , and Singh . The film has grossed over at the box-office , emerging as a commercial success and one of the highest-grossing Indian films of all time . The film received several accolades at various award ceremonies across India . At the 63rd National Film Awards , Bajirao Mastani received seven awards , including Best Direction and Best Supporting Actress for Tanvi Azmi . The film is featured among the 2016 Indian Panorama section of the International Film Festival of India . The film received fourteen nominations at the 61st Filmfare Awards , and won nine awards including Best Film , Best Director for Bhansali , Best Actor for Singh , and Best Supporting Actress for Chopra .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "62839eb21cc5f5dbd6abdf12531bc5e3",
"text": "Bhaddaiyan Raj After the defeat of Chauhan army in the battle of Tarain , the whole empire started crumbling and fell to the Ghorids and the neighboring states . Emperor Prithviraj Chauhan 's son Govindraj went southwards from Delhi and strengthened the stronghold of Chauhans in Malwa region and made it his base , the fortress came to be known as Ranthambore or Ranastambhpura . Till beginning of 14th century the Chauhans held Ranthambhore and the region of Malwa , Maharaj Hammir Dev Chauhan lost the state to Alauddin Khilji in 1301 during his campaign . Hamirdev 's son Ramdev chauhan left the fort before it fell and goes on exile towards Awadh region.Later Ramdev 's son , Takshah singh is given the title of `` Rajkunwar '' ( Raj is the family title of the imperial chauhans and was used in their name and kunwar stands for the person who will carry the legacy of the imperial Chauhans i.e. a son , so rajkunwar stands for the person who will carry the legacy of the royal Chauhan blood or their direct descendent ) by his father and he moves to the bank of river Gomti in present Sultanpur district in Uttar Pradesh .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fdc98137812821f7809c8b41d2303afc",
"text": "Aap Ki Kasam Aap Ki Kasam ( I swear by you ) is a 1974 Hindi film produced by J. Om Prakash , which also marks his directorial debut . The film stars Rajesh Khanna , Mumtaz , Sanjeev Kumar , Rehman , Asrani and A. K. Hangal . The music is by R.D. Burman , who received the only Filmfare nomination for the film . The film was successful and was declared as hit on the box office , and it was also acclaimed by the critics . The songs from the film , including ` Jai Jai Shiv Shankar ' , ` Zindagi ke safar mein ' and ` Karvate badalate rahen ' , became very popular . The Hindu newspaper in its review of the film quoted `` In a remarkable scene , where Rajesh Khanna , his anger simmering , confronts Mumtaz , the director , J. Om Prakash , brings out the performer in both . Mumtaz brings compelling expressions to her countenance as her initial disbelief at being doubted by her husband is transformed from anguish to fury in a flash . This remains the standout moment of the movie apart from the song `` Zindagi ke safar mein guzar jate hain jo maqaam '' . The film is a remake of a Malayalam film , Vaazhve Mayam ( 1970 ) , directed by K S Sethumadhavan , where the ending was different . The film was later also remade in Telugu , retaining the original ending , by director Dasari Narayana Rao as Edadugula Bandham ( 1985 ) starring Mohan Babu and Jayasudha .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "837fc04e63cd491aa5a598c806d9cda8",
"text": "R. K. Films R. K. Films is a film production company , based in R. K. Studio , a film studio both established by and named after the Bollywood actor Raj Kapoor , headquartered at Chembur , Mumbai . It was founded in 1948 , one year after India gained independence . It had a rough start , as its first movie , Aag ( 1948 ) did not perform well at the box office . Most of the R.K. Films productions share a common theme of criticising society and depicting love across social divide",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0cf669cf9aac369753f68c226d37b684",
"text": "Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna The Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna , officially known as Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award in Sports and Games , is the highest sporting honour of the Republic of India . The award is named after Rajiv Gandhi , former Prime Minister of India who served the office from 1984 to 1989 . It is awarded annually by the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports . The recipient ( s ) is/are selected by a committee constituted by the Ministry and is honoured for their `` spectacular and most outstanding performance in the field of sports over a period of four years '' at international level . , the award comprises a medallion , a certificate , and a cash prize of . Instituted in 1991 -- 92 , the award was given for the performance by a sportsperson in a year . Based on the suggestions provided by 2014 award selection committee , the Ministry revised the criteria in February 2015 to consider the performance over a period of four years . The nominations for a given year are accepted till 30 April or last working day of April with not more than two sportspersons nominated for each sports discipline . A twelve-member committee evaluates the performances of a sportsperson at various International events like Olympic Games , Paralympic Games , Asian Games , and Commonwealth Games . The committee later submits their recommendations to the Union Minister of Youth Affairs and Sports for further approval . The first recipient of the award was Chess Grandmaster Viswanathan Anand , who was honoured for the performance in the year 1991 -- 92 . In 2001 , sport shooter Abhinav Bindra , then aged 18 , became the youngest recipient of the award . Usually conferred upon only one sportsperson in a year , a few exceptions have been made ( 1993 -- 94 , 2002 , 2009 , 2012 , and 2016 ) when multiple recipients were awarded in a year . , there have been thirty-two recipients from fourteen sport disciplines : Athletics , Badminton , Billiards , Boxing , Chess , Cricket , Field hockey , Gymnastics , Shooting , Snooker , Tennis , Wrestling , Weightlifting , and Yacht racing . The most recent recipients of the award are the badminton player P. V. Sindhu , gymnast Dipa Karmakar , sports shooter Jitu Rai , and wrestler Sakshi Malik .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c534fb40ec0ba3bd7d7aa732ffbcee7c",
"text": "Khandhar Khandahar ( translation : `` The Ruins '' ) is a 1984 Hindi film directed by Mrinal Sen , based on a Bengali short story , Telenapota Abishkar ( Discovering Telenapota ) by Premendra Mitra . The film stars Shabana Azmi , Naseeruddin Shah and Pankaj Kapoor . It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1984 Cannes Film Festival .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1b0dc2f0a09f6be55ef45f901c7ee8be",
"text": "Rajesh Pilot Rajesh Pilot ( born Rajeshwar Prasad Singh Bidhuri 1945 -- 2000 ) was an Indian politician and a minister in the Government of India . He belonged to the Indian National Congress party and represented the Dausa constituency in Lok Sabha . His original name was Rajesh Bidhuri . Rajesh Pilot was born in Viadpura , a village in Ghaziabad District of Uttar Pradesh , to an armyman . His birthname was Rajeshwar Prasad Singh Bidhuri . He was brought up in the poor family of his uncle , in Delhi . Before joining politics , he served as a pilot in Indian Air Force , reaching the rank of squadron leader . Later , he adopted `` Pilot '' as his surname name . Rajesh Pilot resigned from his post of squadron leader to join politics , under the influence of his friend Rajiv Gandhi , who later became the Prime Minister of India . He emerged as a major Gurjar leader . In his first election as a candidate , Pilot defeated the former queen of Bharatpur . He sent Chandraswami to prison when he was the Internal Security Minister . Later , he lost the election for the post of the Congress president to Sitaram Kesri , but kept himself in the first line of Congress leaders . Rajesh Pilot died on 11 June 2000 in a car accident near Jaipur . India Post has issued a commemorative postage stamps of Rs . 5.00 on 11th June 2008 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0ca49f176d4d8dc2e27552999af232c9",
"text": "Raja Nawathe Raja Nawathe ( राजा नवाथे 14 October 1924 -- 15 November 2005 ) was an Indian film producer , director , assistant film director , in Bombay 's Hindi film industry , long before it came to be known as Bollywood . He is known for films like Raj Kapoor-Nargis starrer Aah ( 1953 ) and thriller Gumnaam ( 1965 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "76b4bf17320fb46d20a79297597ee7d4",
"text": "Rajesh Rishi Rajesh Rishi is an Indian politician and a member of the Sixth Legislative Assembly of Delhi , India . He represents the Janakpuri constituency of Delhi and is a member of the Aam Aadmi Party political party . He is the Parliamentary Secretary ( Health ) Government of NCT of Delhi .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
5e60fdb1d5442d56043a71d152e4ba2a
|
Mirka Federer was born.
|
[
{
"docid": "396fc6febf1fc6090f738161155e8a3d",
"text": "Mirka Federer Miroslava `` Mirka '' Federer ( born Miroslava Vavrincová on 1 April 1978 , later Miroslava Vavrinec ) is a Slovak-born Swiss former professional tennis player . She reached her career-high WTA singles ranking of World No. 76 on 10 September 2001 and a doubles ranking of World No. 215 on 24 August 1998 . She is the wife of professional tennis player Roger Federer , having first met him at the 2000 Summer Olympics . She retired from the game in 2002 due to a persistent foot injury . She has since frequently been seen on the ATP circuit attending her husband 's matches .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "20cbdf42fd94ab1fe3c5ab66a947dfb0",
"text": "Gilles Müller Gilles Müller ( born 9 May 1983 ) is a Luxembourgish professional tennis player . He was a US Open quarterfinalist in 2008 and is the most successful male tennis player in the history of his country . He resides in Leudelange but was born and raised in Schifflange . After 13 years and five runner-up finishes on the ATP World Tour , Müller finally claimed a title at the 2017 Sydney International . He achieved a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 26 on May 8 , 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6c8163d5ca04ae7a34a4e188313140f8",
"text": "2009 Serbia Open The 2009 Serbia Open ( also known as Serbia Open powered by Telekom Srbija for sponsorship reasons ) was a men 's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts . It was the first edition of the event known that year as the Serbia Open , and was a part of the ATP World Tour 250 series of the 2009 ATP World Tour . It took place at the Milan Gale Muškatirović complex in Belgrade , Serbia , from May 2 through May 10 , 2009 . The singles draw was headlined by the tournament 's host , Association of Tennis Professionals ( ATP ) No. 3 , 2008 Tennis Masters Cup , Dubai winner and recent Miami , Monte Carlo and Rome runner-up Novak Djokovic from Serbia . Other featured stars included reigning Nottingham champion Ivo Karlović , and Gstaad and Umag finalist Igor Andreev . Other seeds included Andreas Seppi from Italy , Belgrade Challenger winner Viktor Troicki , Ivan Ljubičić , Arnaud Clément and Christophe Rochus . The doubles draw was headlined by 2008 year-end World No. 1 doubles team , 2008 Tennis Masters Cup , Rotterdam , Monte Carlo , Barcelona and Rome champions Daniel Nestor and Nenad Zimonjić , both born in Belgrade ( although Nestor grew up from early childhood in Canada and represents that country ) . Also competing were Acapulco runners-up Łukasz Kubot and Oliver Marach , Stephen Huss and Ross Hutchins , and Simon Aspelin and Paul Hanley .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2f13bd55a375e0990dc8da2d8b059715",
"text": "Dmitry Tursunov Dmitry Igorevich Tursunov ( ; born 12 December 1982 ) is a professional Russian tennis player . He was 12 years old when he came to the United States to train and further his prospects of becoming a professional player . Tursunov 's career-high singles ranking is world No. 20 , achieved in October 2006 . Tursunov is an offensive baseliner with excellent groundstrokes from both sides and prefers to play on faster surfaces ; he jokes about his lack of ability and success on clay courts . He is sponsored by Fila and Wilson . He helped the Russian Davis Cup team win the 2006 Davis Cup and reach the finals of the 2007 Davis Cup .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9f070d9076b81460acb19a9aa4614b1e",
"text": "Tsvetana Pironkova Tsvetana Pironkova ( Цветана Кирилова Пиронкова -LSB- tsvɛˈtana pirɔnˈkɔva -RSB- ) ( born 13 September 1987 ) is a Bulgarian tennis player and the current no. 1 Bulgarian in the WTA rankings . She is right-handed and plays with a two-handed backhand . Born in Plovdiv , Pironkova started playing tennis at the age of four on being introduced to the sport by her father , who later coached her . After playing at a junior level and winning Atlantic Cup , she made her senior international tournament debut in 2002 at the International Tennis Federation circuit . Early in her career , Pironkova won six international singles titles at the ITF circuit . Pironkova made her WTA tour debut at the İstanbul Cup in 2005 , and achieved moderate success earlier in her career . That changed in 2010 , when she entered Wimbledon with a 1 -- 4 career record at the event , and went on reach the semifinals of the tournament , becoming the second Bulgarian tennis player in history to reach the semifinal stage of a Grand Slam in singles . She garnered wide recognition for her performance , and after her semifinal finish reached her highest WTA Singles ranking at no. 31 in September 2010 . Pironkova followed it up with a quarterfinal run at the event the following year , earning her the nickname `` The Wimbledon Darkhorse '' . She is also known defeating Venus Williams three times at Grand Slam tournaments , twice at Wimbledon . Pironkova won her first WTA title at the 2014 Apia International , defeating three top-10 ranked players in a row . She defeated the world no. 2 Agnieszka Radwańska in the fourth round of the 2016 French Open , reaching her quarterfinal at a Grand Slam other than Wimbledon . In addition to this , Pironkova has a total of twelve wins over other top-10 ranked players to her name . She also holds the second longest active streak of the most consecutive Grand Slam appearances at 45 , only behind Jelena Jankovic . Pironkova has been recognized by The New York Times for her `` cerebral '' grass-court abilities and named one of the most beautiful women in sports by MSN .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "51188c1ce54d7c1f758943dcbd0731b3",
"text": "Stéphane Huet Stéphane Huet ( born 25 April 1971 ) is a former professional tennis player from France . Huet appeared in a total of 16 Grand Slam tournaments during his career . When he made his Grand Slam tournament debut in the 1993 French Open , as a qualifier , he was ranked 297 in the world and had just one tour match to his name . Despite this , in the opening round he managed to defeat seventh-seed Ivan Lendl in four sets . It was the first time since 1978 that Lendl , a three-time French Open winner , had exited the tournament without registering a win . In 1999 , Huet made the second round of two Majors , the Australian Open , where he beat Arnaud Di Pasquale and the French Open , where he defeated Hendrik Dreekmann , before losing a five set match to eventual finalist Todd Martin , in a final set tie-break . The Frenchman reached the second round on two further occasions , the 2000 Wimbledon Championships , when he defeated Mahesh Bhupathi , and at the same event a year later , when he had a victory against Markus Hipfl . He also played men 's doubles twice and mixed doubles at four Major tournaments . On the ATP Tour , he was a quarter-finalist at Toulouse in 1998 and also reached the quarter-finals stage at Palermo two years later . In the 2000 Tashkent Open he had a win over Carlos Moyá . As a coach his students include the French players Irena Pavlovic , Laetitia Sarrazin and Manon Arcangioli .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "07395d5c750a558d458d5dff6be0621b",
"text": "Novak Djokovic Novak Djokovic ( Новак Ђоковић , Novak Đoković , -LSB- nôʋaːk d͡ʑôːkoʋit͡ɕ -RSB- ; born 22 May 1987 ) , often referred to by the hypocorism Nole , is a Serbian professional tennis player who is currently ranked world No. 2 in men 's singles tennis by the Association of Tennis Professionals ( ATP ) . He is considered one of the greatest tennis players of all time . Djokovic holds the highest match winning rate ( 82.8 % ) in the Open Era , as of May 2017 . Djokovic has won 12 Grand Slam singles titles , the fourth most in history , and held the No. 1 spot in the ATP rankings for a total of 223 weeks . In majors , Djokovic has won six Australian Open titles , three Wimbledon titles , two US Open titles and one French Open title . In 2016 , he became the eighth player in history to achieve the Career Grand Slam ; by winning the 2016 French Open , Djokovic became the third man to hold all four major titles at once , the first since Rod Laver in 1969 , and the first ever to do so on three different surfaces . Djokovic has won an all-time record of 30 Masters 1000 series titles , tied with Rafael Nadal . Djokovic 's records include breaking the single-season record with six masters titles in 2015 , winning 31 consecutive ATP World Tour Masters 1000 series matches , playing in the finals at all nine ATP Masters 1000 tournaments ( shared with Roger Federer and Nadal , and being the only player to win eight of the nine events ( and at least twice ) . Among other titles , he has won the ATP World Tour Finals five times and was on the Serbian team which won the 2010 Davis Cup . He also won the Bronze medal in men 's singles at the 2008 Summer Olympics . Djokovic is the first Serbian player to be ranked No. 1 by the ATP and the first male player representing Serbia to win a Grand Slam singles title . Djokovic has won numerous awards , including the 2012 , 2015 , and 2016 Laureus World Sports Award for Sportsman of the Year , 2011 BBC Overseas Sports Personality of the Year , five-time ITF World Champion , and four-time ATP year-end number 1 . He is a recipient of the Order of St. Sava , the Order of Karađorđe 's Star and the Order of the Republika Srpska .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e33c2ccdbdc7f67e2c38479db234ba64",
"text": "Nicole Pratt Nicole Pratt ( born 5 March 1973 ) is a retired professional female tennis player from Australia . Pratt was born in Mackay , Queensland . She is the middle sibling of five children of cane farmers and was taught to play by her father , George , who was a top junior player . She attended school in Calen and received a tennis scholarship to the Australian Institute of Sport in Canberra . She turned professional at 18 . She became Australia 's No. 1 ranked female player in January 2001 . She won her first WTA Title at the Hyderabad Open and reached the third round of the Australian Open in 2004 . In August 2006 , at age 33 , Pratt reached her first ever Tier I quarterfinal at Toronto . Soon after this she rose back up into the top 100 . During 2007 she was drafted by the Boston Lobsters of the WTT pro league . At the 2008 Australian Open , after losing her first match to Nadia Petrova , a tearful Pratt announced her retirement from professional tennis . She coached Australian female player , Casey Dellacqua . After the 2009 Australian Open , Nicole Pratt and Casey Dellacqua decided to go different ways .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6bded6d02c524beb03f16ad9e36d1222",
"text": "Damir Džumhur Damir Džumhur ( -LSB- ˈda : mir ˈd͡ʒumxur -RSB- , born 20 May 1992 ) is a Bosnian professional tennis player and the current Bosnian number 1 ranked player . He is a member of the Bosnia and Herzegovina Davis Cup team , and he competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics , being selected as the first male tennis player from his country to do so . He was ranked Junior world number 3 and he was a bronze medalist at the 2010 Youth Olympic Games . Džumhur is also the first male player to ever represent Bosnia and Herzegovina in the main draw of any Grand Slam tournament . His career-best ranking of 66 makes him the highest ever ranked player competing for Bosnia and Herzegovina .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f8c21513fdebd7b436c97bffe93e40dc",
"text": "Laura Robson Laura Robson ( born 21 January 1994 ) is a British tennis player and an Olympic Mixed Doubles silver medalist . She debuted on the International Tennis Federation ( ITF ) junior tour in 2007 , and a year later won the Wimbledon Junior Girls ' Championship at the age of 14 . As a junior , she also twice reached the final of the girls ' singles tournament at the Australian Open , in 2009 and 2010 . She won her first professional tournament in November 2008 . Robson was the first British woman since Samantha Smith at Wimbledon in 1998 to reach the fourth round of a Grand Slam tournament , doing so at the 2012 US Open and the 2013 Wimbledon Championships . She won a silver medal in the mixed doubles at the 2012 London Olympics playing with Andy Murray , with whom she also reached the 2010 Hopman Cup final . At the 2012 Guangzhou Women 's Open , Robson became the first British woman since Jo Durie in 1990 to reach a WTA main-tour final , where she lost to Hsieh Su-wei . Robson was named WTA Newcomer of the Year for 2012 and reached a career high singles ranking of world number 27 on 8 July 2013 . Since then , Robson has suffered from various injuries which have caused a prolonged absence from the WTA tour . After losing in the first round of the 2013 HP Open on 7 October 2013 , she has played just 33 matches : two in 2014 , 11 in 2015 and 20 in 2016 , winning just eight of them . She dropped out of the world rankings in early 2015 , returning at 906 in July 2015 , and is currently ranked at 173 . She has a career-high doubles ranking of number 82 and is currently ranked 344 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad258469a1123cae8bfdcfd37d299e1c",
"text": "Top Spin 4 Top Spin 4 is a tennis video game developed by 2K Czech and published by 2K Sports released on the PlayStation 3 , Wii , and Xbox 360 consoles . The game features licensed professional players , venues and equipment with professional players like Roger Federer , Rafael Nadal , Novak Djokovic , Andy Murray , Pete Sampras and Andre Agassi . The game was released on March 15 , 2011 in America , and was released on March 18 in UK/Europe . A downloadable demo was released on March 1 for the PS3 and Xbox 360 . The PS3 version supports the PlayStation Move and is also compatible in 3D . The Xbox 360 version does not support the Kinect but is 3D compatible .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "933058697b5999db9f4c3fea7834a2ab",
"text": "Association of Tennis Professionals The Association of Tennis Professionals ( ATP ) was formed in September 1972 by Donald Dell , Bob Briner , Jack Kramer , and Cliff Drysdale to protect the interests of male professional tennis players . Drysdale became the first President . Since 1990 , the association has organized the worldwide tennis tour for men and linked the title of the tour with the organization 's name . In 1990 the organization was called the ATP Tour , which was renamed in 2001 as just ATP and the tour being called ATP Tour . In 2009 the name was changed again and is now known as the ATP World Tour . It is an evolution of the tour competitions previously known as Grand Prix tennis tournaments and World Championship Tennis ( WCT ) . The ATP 's global headquarters are in London , United Kingdom . ATP Americas is based in Ponte Vedra Beach , United States ; ATP Europe is headquartered in Monaco ; and ATP International , which covers Africa , Asia and Australasia , is based in Sydney , Australia . The counterpart organization in the women 's professional game is the Women 's Tennis Association ( WTA ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6c917453c093feb9b417bad55adf3d0a",
"text": "Fed Cup Fed Cup is the premier international team competition in women 's tennis , launched in 1963 to celebrate the 50th Anniversary of the International Tennis Federation ( ITF ) . The competition was known as the Federation Cup until 1995 . The Fed Cup is the world 's largest annual women 's international team sports competition , in terms of the number of nations that compete . The men 's equivalent of the Fed Cup is the Davis Cup . Australia , Czech Republic and the United States are the only countries that have held both the Fed Cup and Davis Cup at the same time .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "695039d3ab8c2c65f692f57724a4a9e3",
"text": "Petits As Les Petits As ( English : Small champions ) is a premier junior tennis tournament for players aged 12 -- 14 . It is held in Tarbes , France . It is often considered to be the European equivalent of the Junior Orange Bowl in Florida , United States due to the high number of international players that it attracts . The event has seen a number of its champions go on to become slam winners , including Rafael Nadal , Michael Chang , Martina Hingis , and Kim Clijsters . Due to the relatively restrictive age range , few players have won the title more than once , although Hingis and Timea Bacsinszky have both done so . Most recently , upcoming Spanish player Carlos Boluda became the first boy to do so . The tournament is played on indoor Green Set ( hard ) courts . Roughly 7,000 players enter the pre-qualifying tournaments held across France , with that number being narrowed down to 350 for the final qualifying stage , and 64 for the final tournament . The event is regulated by the International Tennis Federation ( ITF ) and has businesses such as Head , Eurosport , Coca-Cola , and Peugeot amongst its portfolio of partners .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "798b19687456d6e48fb7eea51396140c",
"text": "Rafael Nadal Rafael `` Rafa '' Nadal Parera ( -LSB- rəfəˈɛɫ nəˈðaɫ pəˈɾeɾə -RSB- , -LSB- rafaˈel naˈðal paˈɾeɾa -RSB- ; born 3 June 1986 ) is a Spanish professional tennis player . He is widely regarded as the greatest clay-court player in history , and owing to his dominance and success on the surface , he has been called `` The King of Clay '' . His evolution into an all-court threat has established him as one of the greatest players in tennis history , with some considering Nadal to be the greatest male player of all time . Nadal has won 14 Grand Slam singles titles , the 2008 Olympic gold medal in singles , an all-time record of 30 ATP World Tour Masters 1000 titles , tied with Novak Djokovic , and a record 18 ATP World Tour 500 tournaments . He was also a member of the winning Spain Davis Cup team in 2004 , 2008 , 2009 , and 2011 . In 2010 , he became the seventh male player in history and youngest of four in the Open Era to achieve the Career Grand Slam at age 24 . He is the second male player , after Andre Agassi , to complete the singles Career Golden Slam . In 2011 , Nadal was named the Laureus World Sportsman of the Year . The left-hander is the sixth player in the Open Era to reach more than 100 finals on the ATP World Tour . Nadal and Mats Wilander are the only two male players who have won at least two Grand Slam titles on three different surfaces -- hard court , grass , and clay . By winning the 2014 French Open , Nadal became the third player to win a single Grand Slam tournament nine times ( Martina Navratilova 9 , Margaret Court 11 ) and the first male to win at least one Grand Slam tournament for ten consecutive years , breaking the record of eight consecutive years previously shared by Björn Borg , Pete Sampras , and Roger Federer . By winning the Monte-Carlo Masters in 2012 , Nadal became the only male player in the open era to win a tournament eight consecutive times . Nadal is the only male player in tennis history to win one Grand Slam and at least one Masters 1000 title for ten consecutive years from 2005 -- 2014 . He beat Guillermo Vilas 's Open Era record of 49 clay-court titles by winning the Monte-Carlo Masters in 2017 . Nadal became the first man to win the same tournament 10 times by wining the Monte-Carlo Masters in 2017 . He repeated this historic achievement by winning the Barcelona Open Banco Sabadell for a 10th time just a few weeks later .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7d940de0fe78480631c6841ab9ee2aa5",
"text": "2007 Davidoff Swiss Indoors The 2007 Davidoff Swiss Indoors was a tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts . It was the 38th edition of the event known that year as the Davidoff Swiss Indoors , and was part of the International Series of the 2007 ATP Tour . It took place at the St. Jakobshalle in Basel , Switzerland , from October 22 through October 28 , 2007 . The singles field was led by World No. 1 , Australian Open , Wimbledon and US Open winner , Basel defending champion Roger Federer , Australian Open runner-up , Beijing titlist , and 2005 Basel winner Fernando González , and US Open semifinalist , Auckland , Tokyo and Båstad champion David Ferrer . Also competing were Sydney and New Haven titlist James Blake , Halle winner Tomáš Berdych , Guillermo Cañas , Juan Ignacio Chela and Paul-Henri Mathieu .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f494c484cb6b3151e73e4aad999eca97",
"text": "2014 ATP World Tour Finals The 2014 ATP World Tour Finals ( also known as the 2014 Barclays ATP World Tour Finals for sponsorship reasons ) was a men 's tennis tournament played at the O2 Arena in London , United Kingdom , between 9 and 16 November 2014 . It was the season-ending event for the best singles players and doubles teams on the 2014 ATP World Tour . The Bryan Brothers won the title at the doubles tournament , while Novak Djokovic successfully defended his single title for the second time after Roger Federer withdrew from the final , the first walkover in a final in the tournament 's 45-year history .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d87b3331a7f9be96806fb0b8417a8c89",
"text": "Switzerland at the 2012 Summer Olympics Switzerland competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London , from 27 July to 12 August 2012 . Swiss athletes competed at every Summer Olympic Games in the modern era , except when they boycotted the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne as a protest to the Soviet invasion of Hungary . The Swiss Olympic Association sent a total of 103 athletes to the Games , 72 men and 31 women , to compete in 18 sports . Switzerland left London with a total of four Olympic medals ( two gold and two silver ) , their lowest in Summer Olympic history since 1992 . This was in stark contrast with the zero medal tally of the neighbouring Austria , a nation of roughly comparable size . Most of these medals were awarded to the athletes in cycling , tennis , equestrian , and triathlon . Among the nation 's medalists were mountain biker Nino Schurter , who collected a total of two Olympic medals after winning the silver in men 's cross-country race . Equestrian rider Steve Guerdat won Switzerland 's first ever gold medal in the individual show jumping after 84 years . Meanwhile , Nicola Spirig became the second Swiss athlete to claim an Olympic title in women 's triathlon since its official debut as a full-medal sport in 2000 . World number-one male tennis player Roger Federer won the coveted silver medal in the men 's singles , after he was defeated by Great Britain 's Andy Murray . Several Swiss athletes missed out of the medal standings . Defending Olympic champion Fabian Cancellara finished seventh in the men 's individual time trial , following his collarbone injury from the road race .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6944a188694cfcc446509edb88dc6b80",
"text": "Roger Draper Roger Draper is the former Chief Executive of Sport England from 2003 to 2006 , and the Lawn Tennis Association from 2006 to 2013 . In his time at Sport England , Draper had overall accountability for business turnover of # 340m , and was involved in London 's 2012 Olympic bid , and the Wembley National Stadium construction project . As Accounting Officer for Sport England , he had responsibility for reporting to Parliament through the Secretary of State for Culture , Media and Sport , and represented the organisation at a wide range of Select Committees , including the Public Accounts Committee hearing on the Wembley National Stadium Project , in 2003 . He also led a major review and reorganisation of the # 450m spent on sport in the UK . This included the completion of the # 120m English Institute of Sport network of high performance facilities including new centres at Bath and Loughborough Universities , and a review of corporate governance across a number of sports , including athletics , hockey , rugby league , golf , cricket , boxing , karate and bowls . Draper joined the LTA in 2006 and published the ` Blueprint , a Strategy for British Tennis ' , which set out his plans to transform the national governing body for British tennis . This included a complete restructure of the organisation , a new commercial strategy and programme , the introduction of Talent ID , and a comprehensive review and rebuild of all the LTA 's major events . During his time at the LTA , turnover grew by 45 % to # 65m , and commercial revenues increased by three and a half times , in part the result of a ground-breaking Lead Partner agreement with pensions provider Aegon UK . British Tennis membership grew by 500 % and the number of juniors playing competitive tennis sevenfold . Draper was also responsible for introducing a new mini tennis programme and a nationwide talent ID system for British tennis . During this period , Great Britain won the Junior Davis Cup for the first time , and a number of British juniors won grand slam singles and doubles titles . In 2007 Draper withdrew funding from Naomi Broady , then age 17 and the leading junior , as a disciplinary measure for posting pictures and comments online wholly unrelated to tennis . This resulted in a feud which has resulted in Broady refusing to play for GB ever since and funding her own career . The general opinion of observers was that Draper was reflecting an LTA mindset which discredited tennis and put back attempts to widen participation beyond a narrow wealthy social group . In 2013 , Andy Murray became the first British man to win the Wimbledon singles title for 77 years . Despite a growth in the number of children playing tennis , Draper 's tenure was criticised for failing to increase levels of participation among adults . The problems of participation came to a head when in December 2012 Sport England announced that # 10.3 million of the LTA 's # 17.4 million funding total had been put on hold , with Sport England chief executive Jennie Price telling Press Association Sport : `` Tennis has not performed well in terms of participation '' . Sport England subsequently released the funding to the LTA . After his salary package at the LTA was revealed to be # 640,000 in 2012 , Draper and the LTA received further criticism , including from Baroness Billingham , the Chair of Parliament 's All-Party Tennis Group . His 7 1/2 year tenure as chief executive of the LTA came to an end in March 2013 when he announced that he would stand down in September 2013 Draper opposed the creation of the # 40 million National Tennis Centre at Roehampton , and in August 2014 , it was reported that the centre was to close , just 7 years after it was opened .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "03b4ca5a975ca227dfb17d44adbc44b4",
"text": "2017 Australian Open The 2017 Australian Open was a tennis tournament that took place at Melbourne Park between 16 -- 29 January 2017 . It was the 105th edition of the Australian Open , and the first Grand Slam tournament of the year . The tournament consisted of events for professional players in singles , doubles and mixed doubles play . Junior and wheelchair players competed in singles and doubles tournaments . As in previous years , the tournament 's title sponsor was Kia . Novak Djokovic and Angelique Kerber were the defending champions and both were unsuccessful in their title defense ; they lost to Denis Istomin and Coco Vandeweghe in the second and fourth rounds , respectively . For the first time since the 2004 French Open , both No. 1 seeds lost before the quarterfinals , with both Andy Murray and Kerber defeated in the fourth round . Roger Federer won his eighteenth men 's singles Grand Slam title by defeating Rafael Nadal in a five-set final . It was his first major title since 2012 Wimbledon and a rematch of the 2009 Australian Open final , which Nadal won in five sets . Serena Williams overcame her sister Venus in the women 's singles final , surpassing Steffi Graf to become the player with the most major wins in the women 's game in the Open Era .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dd6f282ca4e134bf2b357d5cd66c23e6",
"text": "2004 ABN AMRO World Tennis Tournament The 2004 ABN AMRO World Tennis Tournament was a men 's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts at Ahoy Rotterdam in the Netherlands . It was part of the International Series Gold of the 2004 ATP Tour . The tournament ran from 16 February through 22 February 2004 . The singles line up was led by new World No. 1 , Tennis Masters Cup , Wimbledon and Australian Open winner Roger Federer , reigning French Open champion , US Open runner-up and Australian Open semifinalist Juan Carlos Ferrero and Tokyo and Lyon champion Rainer Schüttler . Other contenders were Chennai runner-up Paradorn Srichaphan , Paris Masters winner Tim Henman , Lleyton Hewitt , Sjeng Schalken and Martin Verkerk . Sixth-seeded Lleyton Hewitt won the singles title .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
5de3284125c7af95a229ce48ff2996fc
|
Chester Bennington's project on the side was named Dead by Sunrise.
|
[
{
"docid": "a6b775e29fd4560b1328452ac8b65eaa",
"text": "Chester Bennington Chester Charles Bennington ( born March 20 , 1976 ) is an American musician , singer , songwriter and actor . He is best known as the lead vocalist of rock bands Linkin Park , Dead by Sunrise , and live rock cover band Bucket of Weenies . He was originally the lead vocalist for Sean Dowdell And His Friends ? and Grey Daze . Bennington was the lead vocalist for Stone Temple Pilots from 2013 to 2015 . Bennington became known as a vocalist with Linkin Park 's debut album , Hybrid Theory , in 2000 , which was a massive commercial success . The album was certified Diamond by the RIAA in 2005 , making it the best-selling debut album of the decade , as well as one of the few albums to ever hit that many sales . Linkin Park 's following studio albums , Meteora ( 2003 ) , Minutes to Midnight ( 2007 ) , A Thousand Suns ( 2010 ) , Living Things ( 2012 ) , and The Hunting Party ( 2014 ) , continued the band 's success . Bennington formed his own band , Dead by Sunrise , as a side project in 2005 . The band 's debut album , Out of Ashes , was released on October 13 , 2009 . He worked on new material with Stone Temple Pilots in 2013 to release the EP High Rise on October 8 , 2013 via their own record label , Play Pen . Bennington has been ranked in the Top 100 Heavy Metal Vocalists by Hit Parader ( No. 46 ) .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "7878223fad7c675d4b433c23779a8b86",
"text": "Kill Your Idols Kill Your Idols was a hardcore punk band from Long Island/New York City , New York . The band was active from 1995 through 2007 . They were signed to SideOneDummy Records . Their releases on SideOneDummy were Funeral for a Feeling ( 2001 ) , a split with 7 Seconds in 2004 , and From Companionship to Competition ( 2005 ) . Other notable releases by the band were No Gimmicks Needed and This is just the beginning ... which were released on the New York hardcore label Blackout ! records , owned and operated by Bill Wilson . The band released many 7 '' EPs , splits with other bands ( including Full Speed Ahead , Fisticuffs , Voorhees , Good Riddance , and Poison Idea ) , compilation tracks , and full-length LPs in their 11-year run . Most of their records were released on vinyl as well as compact disc . Some were released on different colors of vinyl , different sleeve covers , hand numbered tour presses , and picture discs , making their records a favorite among collectors . They cite Poison Idea , Negative Approach , Sheer Terror , Agnostic Front , Minor Threat , Warzone , Sick of It All , and 7 Seconds as some of their influences . KYI was very fast and had a loud , dirty , dual guitar sound with shouted vocals . They employed hints of melody in their song structure . Although they derived many of their influences from California and D.C. style hardcore , they were considered a New York hardcore band .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a5034a6f9e7bc9dde828eed076e222bb",
"text": "Marilyn Manson discography American industrial metal band Marilyn Manson has released nine studio albums , one live album , one compilation album , two EPs , twenty-four singles , nine promo singles , five DVDs , and thirty-four music videos . After forming in 1989 and signing a contract with Nothing Records and Interscope in 1993 , the band released their first studio album , Portrait of an American Family ( 1994 ) . Although initially not a commercial success , the album would eventually be certified gold by the RIAA for shipments in excess of 500,000 copies . Spurred by their hit single -- a version of the Eurythmics 's `` Sweet Dreams ( Are Made of This ) '' -- the band 's first EP , Smells Like Children ( 1995 ) , became a commercial success , selling over a million copies in the US alone . In 1996 , the band released their second studio album , Antichrist Superstar , which reached No. 3 on the Billboard 200 and has sold over 1.9 million copies in the US . The album went on to sell over 7 million copies worldwide , and was supported by the release of 1997 's Remix & Repent EP . Their third studio album , Mechanical Animals ( 1998 ) , was a commercial and critical success , reaching No. 1 on the Billboard 200 , as well topping the charts in as Australia and Canada . Mechanical Animals was later followed by their first live album , The Last Tour on Earth ( 1999 ) , which included the promotional single `` Astonishing Panorama of the Endtimes '' . In 2000 , the band released Holy Wood ( In the Shadow of the Valley of Death ) , which managed to sell more than 9 million copies worldwide . Their fifth studio album , The Golden Age of Grotesque ( 2003 ) , was a modest commercial success in their native US , debuting at No. 1 with sales of 118,000 copies . As of November 2008 , the album has sold 526,000 copies in the US . In contrast , the album was , by far , Manson 's most successful internationally , peaking within the top five in most of the major European markets . Their sixth album , Eat Me , Drink Me , was released in 2007 and debuted at No. 8 on the Billboard 200 . The High End of Low ( 2009 ) , reached No. 4 on both the US and Canadian album charts , but was their last album released by Interscope . After signing a deal with Cooking Vinyl , the band released Born Villain in 2012 . Their ninth studio album , The Pale Emperor , was released on January 20 , 2015 , debuting at No. 8 in the US with their highest first week sales since Eat Me , Drink Me in 2007 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f9a2d2848b3cf5085fd22fa5a07ca99f",
"text": "Dead, Everywhere Dead , Everywhere is the second full-length album by American metalcore band Tear Out the Heart . The album was released on January 27 , 2015 , through Victory Records . On December 8 , 2014 , pre-orders for the upcoming album were announced , along with the music video for the new album 's first single `` Feel Real '' which premiered on Revolver . The following week Revolver also premiered the first part in a series of track-by-track videos containing clips from the songs and the band 's lead vocalist Tyler Konersman explaining the meaning behind each songs lyrics .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "484b5c59fa1ac948d6d7ee5e824f20c3",
"text": "PAX AM Days PAX AM Days ( stylized as PAX • AM Days ) is an EP by American rock band Fall Out Boy , released on October 15 , 2013 by Island Records and PAX AM . It consists of 1980s and 90s hardcore punk and punk rock influenced tracks recorded during a two-day `` marathon '' session with producer Ryan Adams and the band in July 2013 at PAX AM Studios . The EP was released on CD , digitally and on double 7 '' vinyl as a stand-alone EP , and also on a limited Save Rock and Roll PAX AM Edition ( 2013 ) double-disc reissue . The double 7 '' vinyl pressing was limited to 3,000 , and released on November 29 as part of Record Store Day - Back to Black Friday . Each copy came with a code for a bonus song download , a cover of `` New Dreams '' by Naked Raygun . The code was found stamped into the dead wax of the 7 '' . On September 30 , Fall Out Boy announced the EP and its release date , as well as premiered the first digital single `` Love , Sex , Death '' with its accompanying video . PAX AM Days was the band 's second release in 2013 after the comeback album Save Rock and Roll , and marks a return to their hardcore musical roots with aggressive guitar work , the `` antithesis '' to the polished Save Rock and Roll . Adams reached out to the group at the request of Fall Out Boy 's friend and collaborator Butch Walker . Bassist Pete Wentz commented `` I think there 's a side of our band in our fans that would appreciate some of the noise that Ryan comes up with , and it would be great for the fans to be able to hear that -- hear sort of the raw energy that happens from sessions like that . '' The band called it `` a collection of songs we did for fun ... us letting out some demons '' rather than a new album . On October 7 , the entire EP was released for free streaming online . The EP debuted at No. 25 on the US Billboard 200 with 11,000 first week sales .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5a3b45106fb5a4bc5a4e48e80a09e94a",
"text": "Chester Bay (band) Chester Bay is an American alternative rock band formed at The University of Wisconsin , Eau Claire in 2005 with most original band members hailing from Rochester , MN . The band 's music combines aspects of reggae , folk , ska , blues , and rock and roll . The band gained initial regional popularity through energetic live shows built upon technical music ability . The group has been compared to bands like Sublime , Dispatch , Blues Traveler , O.A.R. , Spin Doctors , and Bob Marley .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a4920e48b5d25e21e0c06c0902441db6",
"text": "The SouthSide The SouthSide is a Hip Hop group known for its distinctly Floridian influence.The group is the brainchild of lyricist/producer Daniel `` Dub Deuce '' Wassef , lyricist/producer A.Nodarse , producer `` Private '' Ryan Christman , and lyricist/producer Dexter `` DbryJ '' Bryant . The group 's quest to make Hip Hop music began in 2004 as a result of the member 's desire to create an environment where they could exchange beats , freestyle , and record music . The group 's first album , Sounds of the South , Vol . 1 , made waves in Tampa and Tallahassee after being leaked before its release date . The group 's unique style can be attributed to their love for Hip Hop and how it manifests itself in Florida . Believing that Florida 's diverse nature makes it different from the rest of Dirty South , the group 's name is reflective of their mission to produce music that embodies that unique aesthetic . The SouthSide feels very strongly about the state of Florida and its status within the Hip Hop Nation . Each member represents different Floridian cities , different cultures , and different experiences .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d6856e92a7004e81abdfead897da90b9",
"text": "The Dead Milkmen The Dead Milkmen are an American punk rock band formed in 1983 in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . Their original lineup consisted of vocalist and keyboardist Rodney Linderman ( `` Rodney Anonymous '' ) , guitarist and vocalist Joe Genaro ( `` Joe Jack Talcum '' ) , bassist Dave Schulthise ( `` Dave Blood '' ) and drummer Dean Sabatino ( `` Dean Clean '' ) . The band distinguished itself in the hardcore punk scene of the early 1980s through its jangly punk sound and sardonic humor delivered with thick Philadelphia accents . They attracted college radio attention with their 1985 debut album , Big Lizard in My Backyard , and the song `` Bitchin ' Camaro '' . Extensive touring and further releases helped the band garner an underground following . They enjoyed international success on the strength of `` Punk Rock Girl '' , a single from their 1988 Beelzebubba album which entered into MTV rotation . After an ill-fated stint with major record label Hollywood Records , health problems and industry frustrations in the wake of their success led to the group 's 1995 breakup . The group reunited in 2008 , with Dan Stevens replacing the deceased Schulthise . In 2011 , they released The King in Yellow , their first studio album in 16 years . They remained active thereafter , touring sporadically and releasing further records .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ff5ddc328b37d2b91952bab11a3a5c6b",
"text": "The Shadow Side The Shadow Side is the debut studio album by American singer Andy Black . It was released on May 6 , 2016 , on Lava and Republic Records . The album was produced by John Feldmann and marks the departure of Black 's hard rock musical style as the frontman of Black Veil Brides in exchange for more pop influences . It features guest performances from Quinn Allman , Rian Dawson , Ashton Irwin , Juliet Simms , Matt Skiba , and Gerard and Mikey Way .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4eeaeac61dcb412fc7a36bc56de61a35",
"text": "Intersections (1985–2005) Bruce Hornsby 's Intersections ( 1985 -- 2005 ) is a 4 CD / 1 DVD retrospective boxed set . The tracks are a mixture of previously unreleased live recordings , unreleased studio recordings , and album cuts . The boxed set 's title emphasizes the large number of musical collaborations Hornsby has embarked upon during his career , as evidenced by the list of collaborators below . The discs are thematically broken into three categories : `` Top 90 Time , '' `` Solo Piano , Tribute Records , Country-Bluegrass , Movie Scores , '' and `` By Request ( Favorites and Best Songs ) '' ( two CDs ) . A full third of the music is previously unreleased ; many familiar tracks are presented as unreleased live versions rather than the original studio recordings , and the majority of the remaining tracks are from single b-sides , collaborations and/or tribute albums and movie soundtracks . Some noteworthy collaborations include a piano-and-saxophone duet with Ornette Coleman and a performance with Roger Waters of Pink Floyd 's `` Comfortably Numb . '' The set also offers a number of excellent examples of Hornsby 's re-inventiveness with his own compositions , particularly in a live setting , for instance three different versions of `` The Valley Road '' are included -- a live `` bluesy funk '' version with the Noise Makers , a Grammy-winning bluegrass version with the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band , and `` a loose and sloppy but totally grooving boogie '' take with the Grateful Dead . Critics have said that Hornsby 's particular integrations of different musical genres , and his passion for reinventing his own compositions , create a kind of music many might `` never hear '' otherwise as it is `` a kind of music no one else is making . '' `` Song H '' was a new composition that was nominated for Best Pop Instrumental at the 2007 Grammy Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4b8ec0c3eca21547553a6a28ff7ecc1a",
"text": "One More Light One More Light is the seventh studio album by American rock band Linkin Park . It was released on May 19 , 2017 through Warner Bros. . Records and Machine Shop , following the 2014 album The Hunting Party . The album 's first single , `` Heavy '' was released on March 16 , 2017 . It is their first album with a title track . In deciding on the title track , they felt that the song `` One More Light '' was the heart of the album . The album features guest vocal appearances from Pusha T , Stormzy , and Kiiara , and production and songwriting collaborations with Julia Michaels , Justin Tranter , Ross Golan , Andrew Goldstein , blackbear , and Eg White . Acoustic performances of the lead single by Chester Bennington and Mike Shinoda helped promote One More Light . A few of them included performances with Kiiara , Waxx , and Sofia Karlberg .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5824a4659ebb05a212bee7481fd08cfd",
"text": "Miley Cyrus & Her Dead Petz Miley Cyrus & Her Dead Petz is the fifth studio album by American singer Miley Cyrus , which was independently released for free online streaming on SoundCloud on August 30 , 2015 . Opting for an album relying less on computerized elements than her previous release , Bangerz ( 2013 ) , Cyrus began planning the project in 2013 before Bangerz was released . Work continued into 2014 and 2015 , when she befriended and began collaborating with the Flaming Lips . In addition to the psychedelic rock band , Cyrus worked with producers Mike Will Made It and Oren Yoel ( with whom she had collaborated on Bangerz ) . The album features guest vocals by Big Sean ( who had appeared on Bangerz ) , Sarah Barthel of Phantogram and Ariel Pink . Without previous promotion , Cyrus announced that Miley Cyrus & Her Dead Petz was available for free online streaming when she hosted the 2015 MTV Video Music Awards , released independently . Critics were divided in their opinions of the album ; some applauded Cyrus ' ambition and experimentation , and others considered its production and overall finish lacking . Cyrus has promoted the album with music videos for `` Dooo It ! '' , `` Lighter '' and `` BB Talk '' , performances of `` Karen Do n't Be Sad '' and `` Twinkle Song '' when she hosted Saturday Night Live , and the Milky Milky Milk Tour in November and December 2015 . On April 10 , 2017 , the album was released commercially on iTunes and other streaming platforms through RCA Records .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "94ae57b155005fe564bf818f630deab1",
"text": "Side Two Side Two is the fourteenth solo album by Adrian Belew , released in 2005 . It is part of a series of albums . The other three so far to be released are Side One , Side Three and Side Four . This album features the song `` Dead Dog On Asphalt '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c8c83d27a73cd81f5f5dbea0e17afcef",
"text": "Shadows of the Dying Sun Shadows of the Dying Sun is the sixth studio album by the Finnish melodic death metal band Insomnium . It was released in North America on April 29th , 2014 via Century Media Records , and on April 25th in Finland , Germany , Austria , and Switzerland , the rest of Europe , as well as Australia and New Zealand on April 28th . It is their first album with new guitarist Markus Vanhala after previous long-time guitarist Ville Vänni departed in 2011 . The song `` Revelation '' , in the form of a lyric video , was released on March 21 , 2014 . A music video was made for the song and single `` While We Sleep '' , which was released on April 7th , 2014 . The last song , `` Black Heart Rebellion '' was released on April 22 , 2014 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "818f36923be2cbbe89527eb1690bb5d4",
"text": "Daylight Dies Daylight Dies is a melodic death-doom band from North Carolina , United States .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8cf97087be91191c56af7ff4d5d4f9ee",
"text": "Cinematic Sunrise Cinematic Sunrise was an pop punk American band signed to Equal Vision Records . It consisted of Craig Owens ( vocals ) and Bradley Bell ( piano ) , along with Bryan Beeler ( guitar ) , Marcus VanKirk ( bass ) , Nick Martin ( guitar ) , and Dave Shapiro ( drums ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f75b11407a6050806c719e15ab5773f5",
"text": "Damien Deadson Damien Deadson is an American heavy metal project from Winston-Salem , North Carolina , formed in 2009 by guitarist and vocalist Ryan Helm . As its main producer , singer and songwriter , Helm is the only official member of Damien Deadson and remains solely responsible for its direction .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9e2c944d7cb8839d5fb191aab0bdec9a",
"text": "The Last Pale Light in the West The Last Pale Light in the West is the first solo album by Ben Nichols of Lucero with Rick Steff ( Lucero , Cat Power ) and Todd Beene ( Glossary ) released on Lucero 's label Liberty & Lament and The Rebel Group in 2009 . It is a seven-song concept album inspired by Cormac McCarthy 's book Blood Meridian with each song based on characters and situations drawn from the novel . The album was recorded with Rick Steff on piano and accordion and Todd Beane on pedal steel . On November 17 , 2013 , the title song from the album was featured in the episode `` Live Bait '' of the AMC series The Walking Dead .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6e132213d72b738c7d78f136cadbf00a",
"text": "Sleeping at Last Sleeping at Last is an alternative rock musical project led by singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist Ryan O'Neal . The project initially began in Wheaton , Illinois as a three-piece band with Ryan O'Neal as the lead singer and guitarist , his brother Chad O'Neal as the drummer , and Dan Perdue as the bassist . The band independently recorded their debut album , Capture in 2000 , which they used to attract the attention of Smashing Pumpkins frontman Billy Corgan , who helped them get signed to a major record label Interscope Records . The band released their first and only major label album , Ghosts in 2003 , before going independent again and releasing Keep No Score in 2006 , and Storyboards in 2009 . In the years following the release of their first four albums , both Chad O'Neal and Perdue would both leave the band to pursue other interests . Ryan O'Neal chose to retain the use of the band 's name for his solo work from that point on , but opted to focus on single songs and short EPs than any further traditional albums .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "791d13f28a1ebcd81691764e9640b6fb",
"text": "Dead Silence (album) Dead Silence is the fourth studio album by Canadian rock band Billy Talent . It was released on September 11 , 2012 , and was produced by the band 's guitarist Ian D'Sa . Billy Talent started recording material for Dead Silence on November 25 , 2011 , and finished in July 2012 . The title and artwork of the album was revealed on the band 's Twitter , Facebook and official website on July 11 , 2012 . The album 's first single , `` Viking Death March '' , was released on May 26 , 2012 and has so far peaked at # 3 on the Canadian rock/alternative charts . The second single `` Surprise Surprise '' was released on August 7 , 2012 and reached # 1 on the Canadian rock/alternative chart . The artwork for the album was created by popular poster artist , Ken Taylor . Songs featured on the album were nominated at the 2013 Canadian Juno awards , such as `` Viking Death March '' for single of the year . The band released the album on September 4 , 2012 , on their SoundCloud account .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bc7ab45de773ffec66082e35e3e7b9de",
"text": "Black Tusk (band) Black Tusk ( often written as Blacktusk ) is an American heavy metal power trio from Savannah , Georgia . The band was formed in 2005 , when its members were all living on the same street . With the dissolution of Andrew Fidler 's ( guitar , vocals ) and Jonathan Athon 's ( bass , vocals ) crust punk band and James May 's ( drums , vocals ) street punk band , Andrew and Athon went down the street to James ' house and asked him if he wanted to play with them . During the next few days they jammed continuously , and within a few months they had recorded the EP When Kingdoms Fall , which was released on Wrecked Signal . Two years later the band self-released their first full-length studio album , The Fallen Kingdom , followed by another a year later with Passage Through Purgatory , released through the local label Hyperrealist Records . In 2009 , Black Tusk released a series of split albums with bands such as ASG , The Holy Mountain , and Fight Amp , before sign to Relapse Records in November . The band released its debut for Relapse , Taste the Sin , in May 2010 . Black Tusk is mostly associated with Baroness and Kylesa , for their shared hometown of Savannah , as well as for their sludge metal sound . The band is linked to Baroness ' guitarist and vocalist John Dyer Baizley , who is also a painter and creates all of Black Tusk 's artwork . Black Tusk 's members describe their music as `` swamp metal , '' a term that has been described by Allmusic as `` the murkiest , dirtiest sludge to come out of Savannah since Kylesa '' . The term is a reference to the climate of Savannah in relation to the music that the band create . Reviewing the album , Taste the Sin , Pitchfork Media stated that the band 's blend of hardcore punk and stoner metal `` works to capitalize on the immediacy of its chosen genres and not to bend them into obscurity . '' Black Tusk acknowledges its punk rock origins , but prefer not to cite a list of bands that influence them because they feel that it is ineffective since they are not `` trying to emulate any one band 's style or any one genre 's sound . '' On November 9 , 2014 , band member Jonathan Athon died due to injuries sustained from a motorcycle accident . He was placed in a medically-induced coma and , per his wishes , was pulled from life support after it was determined that he had irreparable brain damage . On December 10 , 2014 , the band confirmed they would be touring with Black Label Society in early 2015 , with Corey Barhorst filling in on bass duties , as well as confirmed they finished the recording of their next album prior to the death of Jonathan .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
f7a5590388bce0d7da56c67b28805b04
|
Steven Price (composer) is European.
|
[
{
"docid": "232f9fb06552e497cb10f3cb00f6fb2a",
"text": "Steven Price (composer) Steven Price ( born 22 April 1977 ) is a British film composer , best known for scoring Gravity , which won him the Academy Award for Best Original Score . Before making his debut as a composer with Attack the Block , he worked on the music department for various notable films , such as The Lord of the Rings : The Two Towers , The Lord of the Rings : The Return of the King , Batman Begins , and Scott Pilgrim vs. the World .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8c1999004b8183f3c7b413ea0bd8a045",
"text": "United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland , commonly known as the United Kingdom ( UK ) or Britain , is a sovereign country in western Europe . Lying off the north-western coast of the European mainland , the United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain , the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands . Northern Ireland is the only part of the United Kingdom that shares a land border with another sovereign statethe Republic of Ireland.Although Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK that shares a land border with another sovereign state , two of its Overseas Territories also share land borders with other sovereign countries . Gibraltar shares a border with Spain , while the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia share borders with the Republic of Cyprus , the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus and the UN buffer zone separating the two Cypriot polities . Apart from this land border , the United Kingdom is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean , with the North Sea to its east , the English Channel to its south and the Celtic Sea to its south-south-west , giving it the 12th-longest coastline in the world . The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and Ireland . With an area of 242500 km2 , the United Kingdom is the 78th-largest sovereign state in the world and the 11th-largest in Europe . It is also the 21st-most populous country , with an estimated 65.1 million inhabitants . Together , this makes it the fourth-most densely populated country in the European Union ( EU ) . The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system of governance . The monarch is Queen Elizabeth II , who has reigned since 6 February 1952 . The capital of the United Kingdom and its largest city is London , a global city and financial centre with an urban area population of 10.3 million , the fourth-largest in Europe and second-largest in the European Union . Other major urban areas in the United Kingdom include the conurbations centred on Birmingham , Leeds , Glasgow , Liverpool and Manchester . The United Kingdom consists of four countries -- England , Scotland , Wales and Northern Ireland . The last three have devolved administrations , each with varying powers , based in their capitals , Edinburgh , Cardiff and Belfast , respectively . The nearby Isle of Man , Bailiwick of Guernsey and Bailiwick of Jersey are not part of the United Kingdom , being Crown dependencies with the British Government responsible for defence and international representation . The relationships among the countries of the UK have changed over time . Wales was annexed by the Kingdom of England under the Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542 . A treaty between England and Scotland resulted in 1707 in a unified Kingdom of Great Britain , which merged in 1801 with the Kingdom of Ireland to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland . Five-sixths of Ireland seceded from the UK in 1922 , leaving the present formulation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.The Anglo-Irish Treaty was signed on 6 December 1921 to resolve the Irish War of Independence . When it took effect one year later , it established the Irish Free State as a separate dominion within the Commonwealth . The UK 's current name was adopted to reflect the change . There are fourteen British Overseas Territories . These are the remnants of the British Empire which , at its height in the 1920s , encompassed almost a quarter of the world 's land mass and was the largest empire in history . British influence can be observed in the language , culture and legal systems of many of its former colonies . The United Kingdom is a developed country and has the world 's fifth-largest economy by nominal GDP and ninth-largest economy by purchasing power parity . The UK is considered to have a high-income economy and is categorised as very high in the Human Development Index , ranking 16th in the world . It was the world 's first industrialised country and the world 's foremost power during the 19th and early 20th centuries . The UK remains a great power with considerable economic , cultural , military , scientific and political influence internationally . It is a recognised nuclear weapons state and is seventh in military expenditure in the world . The UK has been a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council since its first session in 1946 . It has been a leading member state of the EU and its predecessor , the European Economic Community ( EEC ) , since 1973 . However , on 23 June 2016 , a national referendum on the UK 's membership of the EU resulted in a decision to leave , and its exit from the EU is currently being negotiated . The UK is also a member of the Commonwealth of Nations , the Council of Europe , the G7 finance ministers , the G7 forum , the G20 , NATO , the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ( OECD ) , and the World Trade Organization ( WTO ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "90520b50c92688e8662d4116146125f6",
"text": "British people British people , or Britons , are the citizens of the United Kingdom , British Overseas Territories , and Crown dependencies , and their descendants . British nationality law governs modern British citizenship and nationality , which can be acquired , for instance , by descent from British nationals . When used in a historical context , `` British '' or `` Britons '' can refer to the Celtic Britons , the indigenous inhabitants of Great Britain and Brittany , whose surviving members are the modern Welsh people , Cornish people and Bretons . Although early assertions of being British date from the Late Middle Ages , the creation of the united Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707 triggered a sense of British national identity . The notion of Britishness was forged during the Napoleonic Wars between Britain and the First French Empire , and developed further during the Victorian era . The complex history of the formation of the United Kingdom created a `` particular sense of nationhood and belonging '' in Great Britain and Ireland ; Britishness became `` superimposed on much older identities '' , of English , Scots , Welsh and Irish cultures , whose distinctiveness still resists notions of a homogenised British identity . Because of longstanding ethno-sectarian divisions , British identity in Northern Ireland is controversial , but it is held with strong conviction by Unionists . Modern Britons are descended mainly from the varied ethnic groups that settled in the British Isles in and before the 11th century : Prehistoric , Brittonic , Roman , Anglo-Saxon , Norse and Normans . The progressive political unification of the British Isles facilitated migration , cultural and linguistic exchange , and intermarriage between the peoples of England , Scotland and Wales during the late Middle Ages , early modern period and beyond . Since 1922 and earlier , there has been immigration to the United Kingdom by people from what is now the Republic of Ireland , the Commonwealth , mainland Europe and elsewhere ; they and their descendants are mostly British citizens , with some assuming a British , dual or hyphenated identity . The British are a diverse , multinational and multicultural society , with `` strong regional accents , expressions and identities '' . The social structure of the United Kingdom has changed radically since the 19th century , with a decline in religious observance , enlargement of the middle class , and particularly since the 1950s increased ethnic diversity . The population of the UK stands at around 62.5 million , with a British diaspora of around 140 million concentrated in Australia , Canada , South Africa , Hong Kong , New Zealand , United States , Ireland , France and Spain .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "55c536f8ca01249ed1dcf3cdb04cbd71",
"text": "Aus Italien Aus Italien ( From Italy ) , Op. 16 , is a tone poem for full orchestra composed by Richard Strauss in 1886 when he was 22 years old . It was inspired by the composer 's visit to Italy ( encouraged by Johannes Brahms ) in the summer of the same year , where he travelled to Rome , Bologna , Naples , Sorrento , Salerno , and Capri . He began to sketch the work while still on the journey . The full score of the work , Strauss 's first tone poem , was completed in Munich on September 12 , 1886 . The work is named by the composer as `` Symphonic Fantasy '' , and is dedicated to his mentor Hans von Bülow . It is the only work by Richard Strauss for which he himself wrote a specific program . The entire work takes over forty minutes to perform . Strauss incorporated the tune of `` Funiculì , Funiculà '' into the symphony 's fourth part `` Scenes from Neapolitan Life '' , thinking it was a traditional Italian folk song , when it was in fact a piece written by Luigi Denza in 1880 . Denza filed a lawsuit against Strauss and eventually won .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0f9f3b7e77372ec5ad29eefd7227ba4d",
"text": "Unsuk Chin Unsuk Chin ( -LSB- ɯnsʰuk t͈ɕin -RSB- ; born July 14 , 1961 ) is a South Korean composer of classical music , based in Berlin , Germany . She was awarded the Grawemeyer Award in 2004 , the Arnold Schönberg Prize in 2005 and the Music Composition Prize of the Prince Pierre Foundation in 2010 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "30019704d8a40cdf03225c892e8bf0fe",
"text": "Andrew Lloyd Webber Andrew Lloyd Webber , Baron Lloyd-Webber ( born 22 March 1948 ) is an English composer and impresario of musical theatre . Several of his musicals have run for more than a decade both in the West End and on Broadway . He has composed 13 musicals , a song cycle , a set of variations , two film scores , and a Latin Requiem Mass. . Several of his songs have been widely recorded and were hits outside of their parent musicals , notably `` The Music of the Night '' from The Phantom of the Opera , `` I Do n't Know How to Love Him '' from Jesus Christ Superstar , `` Do n't Cry for Me , Argentina '' and `` You Must Love Me '' from Evita , `` Any Dream Will Do '' from Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat and `` Memory '' from Cats . In 2001 the New York Times referred to him as `` the most commercially successful composer in history '' . Ranked the `` fifth most powerful person in British culture '' by The Telegraph '' in 2008 , the lyricist Don Black stated `` Andrew more or less single-handedly reinvented the musical . '' He has received a number of awards , including a knighthood in 1992 , followed by a peerage from Queen Elizabeth II for services to Music , seven Tonys , three Grammys ( as well as the Grammy Legend Award ) , an Academy Award , fourteen Ivor Novello Awards , seven Olivier Awards , a Golden Globe , a Brit Award , the 2006 Kennedy Center Honors , and the 2008 Classic Brit Award for Outstanding Contribution to Music . He has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame , is an inductee into the Songwriter 's Hall of Fame , and is a fellow of the British Academy of Songwriters , Composers and Authors . His company , the Really Useful Group , is one of the largest theatre operators in London . Producers in several parts of the UK have staged productions , including national tours , of the Lloyd Webber musicals under licence from the Really Useful Group . Lloyd Webber is also the president of the Arts Educational Schools London , a performing arts school located in Chiswick , West London . He is involved in a number of charitable activities , including the Elton John AIDS Foundation , Nordoff Robbins , Prostate Cancer UK and War Child . In 1992 he set up the Andrew Lloyd Webber Foundation which supports the arts , culture and heritage in the UK .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7b422824c712b08090514404d8812329",
"text": "Fredrick Kaufman Fredrick Kaufman ( 1936 ) is an American composer . Kaufman was born in Brooklyn , New York and studied trumpet , composition and jazz at the Manhattan School of Music ( BMus 1959 , MMus 1960 ) . In addition , he studied composition with Vincent Persichetti at the Juilliard School . He played trumpet with the New York City Ballet Orchestra and later became professor of composition at the University of Wisconsin . After serving as dean of the Philadelphia College for the Performing Arts from 1982 to 1985 , he became director of the School of Music at Florida International University in Miami . Kaufman is the composer of over one hundred and thirty published compositions that have been performed worldwide by orchestras such as the Warsaw Philharmonic , Israel Philharmonic , Moscow Chamber Orchestra , Moscow Symphony Orchestra , Czech Radio Orchestra , St. Petersburg Philharmonic , Lithuanian Philharmonic and Chamber Orchestra , Czech National Symphony Orchestra , Czech Symphony Orchestra , Jerusalem Symphony , Instrumental Ensemble of Grenoble , London Sinfonietta , Orchestra Novi Musici ( Naples , Italy ) , Dominican Republic National Orchestra , National Orchestra of Brazil , St. Paul Chamber Orchestra , Los Angeles Philharmonic , New World Symphony , and the Pittsburgh Symphony orchestras . His ballets have been danced by companies such as the Royal Swedish Ballet , Royal Winnipeg Ballet , Batsheva Dance Company , Bat-Dor Dance Company , and the Pennsylvania Dance Theater . Kaufman is a former Fulbright Scholar and author of The African Roots of Jazz , a groundbreaking study that drew heavily on his early musical life as a jazz trumpet player with the Woody Herman Band . He is the recipient of the Darius Milhaud Award in Composition from the Aspen Music Festival , and honors and fellowships from the National Endowment for the Arts , the Rockefeller , Guggenheim and Ford Foundations , the California , Montana and Pennsylvania Arts Councils as well as the Norwegian government . Fredrick Kaufman 's Holocaust composition Kaddish , which Bernard Holland of The New York Times described as `` having the most expressive writing for strings to be heard today , '' has been performed in the major concert halls of Europe , Eastern Europe , Scandinavia , Israel , South America , Asia and throughout the United States . His works have received prizes at international competitions and have been selected for performances at festivals such as the Aspen Music Festival , Telluride Chamber Music Festival , Music Festival of the Hamptons , Sarasota Music Festival , Israel Festival , Darmstadt Festival for New Music , International Arts Festival in Vilnius , Lithuania , and the St. Cyprien International Festival of the Arts in France . Renowned artists such as Richard Stoltzman , Julius Baker , Susan Starr , Roy Malan , Mark Drobinsky , Andres Diaz , David Kim , Roberto Diaz , Yehuda Hananni , Charles Neidich , Kemal Gekic , Paul Green , Sarah Lambert Bloom , The Miami String Quartet , The Amernet String Quartet , The Diaz Trio and numerous others have recorded and performed Kaufman 's concertos and chamber music . Additionally , Israeli television has paid tribute to him as a composer in the thirty-minute documentary film Fredrick Kaufman-Life of an Artist . Critics from the New York Times , the Newark Star-Ledger , the Philadelphia Inquirer , the Miami Herald , the Jerusalem Post , the London Times , the Perpignan Independent , and other newspapers around the world have described Kaufman 's music as striking , individual an interesting combination of overwhelming pathos and infectious joy , brought one into the realm of musical genius . In 1985 , the Statue of Liberty committee commissioned Fredrick Kaufman to write a choral work Mother of Exiles , for the re-dedication ceremonies of the Statue of Liberty . The composition was premiered by the United Nations Chorus at the ceremony and was broadcast worldwide by network television . WE THE PEOPLE 200 of the City of Philadelphia commissioned Kaufman to write his fifth Symphony , `` The American '' , in 1987 for the 200th anniversary celebration of the Constitution . Maestro Kaufman conducted the premiere performance which was nationally broadcast on NBC-TV . Over the past 10 years , Kaufman has been called upon repeatedly to conduct his compositions around the world . In 1997 , the Miami Herald voted Maestro Fredrick Kaufman one of the 10 most influential people in the arts in the city of Miami . Kaufman continues to circle the globe with performances in Taiwan , Hong Kong , Spain , Poland , France , the Czech Republic , Brazil , Israel and Puerto Rico . His latest multi-cultural works have received overwhelming praise in the press . His Kaminarimon ( for Taiko drums and Flamenco dance ) has been called `` remarkable '' and `` stunning '' and was voted as ? the number one classical composition of 2002 and `` the most imaginative new work of the year '' by , music critic , James Roos of The Miami Herald . His recently commissioned work Yin & Yang : A Dialogue for Two Grand Pianos , was launched and lauded by critics in New York and Miami , where it received its world premiere . String Quartet # 6 , `` The Urban '' was called `` stunning '' by the New Yorker magazine . The Urban Quartet was nominated by Lulkas Foss in 2007 for a Pulitzer Prize . The points of departure for Kaufman 's writing are often gestures and sound imagery from his own wide ranging background which includes jazz and Eastern European Jewish folk traditions and a foundation deeply steeped in the classics as well as the avant garde . Kaufman continues to stretch the boundaries of standard approaches to composition and the results have been called `` startling '' . In March , 2011 , Fredrick Kaufman completed the `` Guernica '' Piano Concerto , a commission for the Czech National Symphony Orchestra and concert pianist Kemal Gekic . The `` Guernica '' Concerto was scheduled to be premiered and recorded in the 2013 concert season in Prague by the Czech National Symphony Orchestra at the famed Smetana Concert Hall . The `` Guernica '' Piano Concerto with Kemal Gekic and the Czech National Symphony Orchestra ; his `` Kaddish '' Cello Concerto with soloist Mark Drobinsky and the Czech Radio Orchestra , and `` Seascape '' performed by the Czech Symphony Orchestra will be released on a CD recording by Parma Recording and distributed internationally by Naxos during the summer of 2013 . Fredrick Kaufman currently resides with his artist wife Florence Kaufman in Miami Beach , where he holds the distinguished position of Professor Emeritus in Composition at Florida International University . Prior to that he held the position of Composer-in-Residence for the university , a position that was created specifically for him . Professor Kaufman was the founding Director of the FIU School of Music for ten years and established its internationally acclaimed FIU Music Festival . He was formerly Academic Dean of the Philadelphia College of the Performing Arts and a faculty member at the University of Wisconsin , the University of Montana at Billings , the University of London and the Rubin Academy of Music in Jerusalem , Israel . Kaufman is the founder and former Artistic Director of the St. Cyprien International Festival of the Arts held in St. Cyprien , France . He has two daughters , artist Laura BenAmots and choreographer/dancer Erica Kaufman .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7944b9d0efe37067f8341b6963a85d0f",
"text": "Carter Larsen Carter Lawrence Larsen is an American classical pianist and composer . Most widely known for his European performances in the 1980s . He is sought after in Hollywood for film scoring and now primarily focuses on piano composition .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3d72f9affdf929e77d7f8b3779a2db0e",
"text": "Peter Stark Peter Stark is a British conductor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ee001ce884abb8198f5a6fcfd79ea126",
"text": "Nieuw Ensemble The Nieuw Ensemble ( English : New Ensemble ) was founded in 1980 in Amsterdam . It has a unique instrumental structure , using plucked instruments such as mandolin , guitar and harp in combination with wind , string and percussion . Ed Spanjaard has been the principal conductor since 1982 . The lack of literature for this group makes it as dependent upon composers , as composers have always been upon musicians . The Nieuw Ensemble has thus set out to build its own repertoire , encouraged by continuous contact with composers from different cultures , countries and generations , and long-term workshops for young composers . Almost five hundred pieces have been written for the ensemble . Highly successful programmes have been those dedicated to the work of a single composer , such as Luciano Berio , Pierre Boulez , Elliott Carter , Franco Donatoni , Brian Ferneyhough , Mauricio Kagel , Ton de Leeuw , György Kurtág , Theo Loevendie and Luigi Nono . It initiated festivals such as Complexity ? ( 1990 ) , Rules & Games ( 1995 ) , Improvisations ( 1996 ) , the multi-cultural Festival of Plucked Instruments ( 1998 ) and The Refined Ear on microtonality ( 2003 ) . Since 1991 , programmes featuring new works written especially for the ensemble by Chinese composers such as Tan Dun , Qu Xiao-Song , Xu Shuya , Chen Qigang and Guo Wenjing have appeared . In 1997 , the group toured China with concerts in Shanghai and Beijing . The Nieuw Ensemble has performed in festivals such as the Venice Biennale , Settembre Musica , Ars Musica in Brussels , Donaueschinger Musiktage , Musica Strasbourg , Holland Festival , Warsaw Autumn , Huddersfield Festival , Agora , Stockholm New Music , the Festival d'Automne à Paris , Lincoln Center Festival and Sadlers Wells in London . The Nieuw Ensemble has released compact discs of Donatoni , Carter , Ferneyhough , Gerhard , Loevendie , Poulenc , Guo Wenjing and Chinese composers , and documentary films about Boulez ' Eclat and five Chinese composers . The Nieuw Ensemble also participates in the Atlas Ensemble , a unique chamber orchestra uniting thirty musicians from the East , the Near East and Europe .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dda529ea8544f5c72ffbce87828371f0",
"text": "Untitled (Bass Communion Box) Untitled ( or box set ) is a box set compilation of songs released by British musician , songwriter , and producer Steven Wilson under the pseudonym Bass Communion . It contains many rarities from the last 15 years of Steven 's ambient and drone work , especially from vinyl only editions of Bass Communion albums . It also features the previously unreleased track `` Temporal '' , recorded in 2012 as a homage to composer Harrison Birtwistle and his 1971 composition `` Chronometer '' -- both pieces are created entirely from the sounds of clocks and other timekeeping devices . Only 2000 copies were made , with each disc housed in a mini LP cover with inner sleeve , and a 64 page booklet . The set is a mail order exclusive to Headphone Dust and ToneFloat .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "38c4d4c6e7d83c3b65c19b16a309f1a7",
"text": "Concerto for Two Flutes and Orchestra The Concerto for Two Flutes and Orchestra is a composition for two flutes and orchestra by the American composer Steven Stucky . The work was commissioned by the Los Angeles Philharmonic , for which Stucky was formerly composer-in-residence and then New Music Adviser . The piece was composed from October through December 1994 and was given its world premiere in Los Angeles by the Los Angeles Philharmonic under the conductor Esa-Pekka Salonen on February 23 , 1995 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b66cc9ff0369db126ef4ea9af8b5e720",
"text": "James Seymour Brett James Seymour Brett ( born 3 April 1974 ) is an English composer and conductor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9274a81830a52d959b5e44235d01536c",
"text": "Stephen Cohn Stephen Cohn is an American composer of concert and film music living in Los Angeles , California . His compositional style embraces an expanded tonality with a 21st-century perspective .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "710b31cd020b7901f25fd7a95679fecb",
"text": "Peter Theremin Peter Theremin is a Russian composer , performer of the theremin , an electronic musical instrument .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "822067cb432a1d926178f98b6f90a4b5",
"text": "Steve Barakatt Steve Barakatt ( born May 17 , 1973 in Quebec City , Quebec , Canada from a family of Lebanese origins ) is a Canadian composer , music producer , pianist , and singer . When he was only four , he fell under the spell of music and began piano lessons . Over the next 10 years he studied classical music , and then switched to jazz . Steve enjoyed many challenging musical experiences from an early age , including that of guest soloist with l'Orchestre symphonique de Québec when he was only 13 . When he was 16 , Steve became fascinated by composition , arranging and production . He studied the new technology available and soon mastered all the intricacies of music programming . So much so that the prestigious Japanese firm Roland invited him to present their new products at the 1992 NAMM Show in Anaheim , California . A versatile and imaginative musician , Steve has been invited to appear on various recordings and live performances with many artists and ensembles from the Alexandrov Red Army Choir to the Tokyo Philharmonic Orchestra . A true passionate artist , Steve enjoys meeting musicians and exploring all styles of music .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c538fe3ddc679d8beecda10f6010f47a",
"text": "Michel Rateau Michel Rateau ( born 4 September 1938 in Paris , France ) is a French composer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e1bcfc533796a503060e0bca64a5dfad",
"text": "21st Century Symphony The 21st Century Symphony Orchestra is a European orchestra . It was founded in 1999 by conductor Ludwig Wicki . The orchestra performs live concerts featuring soundtracks written by notable composers for major motion picture productions . The orchestra performs in various cities throughout Europe , although most performances take place in the Lucerne Culture and Congress Centre , Lucerne , Switzerland . Soundtracks featured in recent concerts have included songs from Lord of the Rings , Star Trek , and the James Bond film series . The 21st Century Orchestra helped record a live orchestral version on the album `` Fairytales - Best of 2006-2014 '' with Finnish band Sunrise Avenue Category : Swiss orchestras Category :1999 establishments in Switzerland Category : Musical groups established in 1999",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "358799fea92bcd9eb5bdc0846f01abad",
"text": "Steven Stucky Steven Edward Stucky ( -LSB- ˈstʌki -RSB- November 7 , 1949 − February 14 , 2016 ) was a Pulitzer Prize-winning American composer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c373649ac8fb05397073a54e0bd0afa1",
"text": "Spektral Quartet Spektral Quartet is a string quartet based in Chicago comprising Clara Lyon ( violin ) , Maeve Feinberg ( violin ) , Doyle Armbrust ( viola ) and Russell Rolen ( cello ) . It is the ensemble-in-residence at the University of Chicago 's Department of Music , where it has served since 2012 . The New York Times said of a 2016 performance of Beat Furrer 's String Quartet No. 3 and Hans Thomalla 's Bagatellen for string quartet , `` The quartet proved that they have everything : a supreme technical command that seems to come easily -LSB- and -RSB- a capacity to make complicated music clear ... '' The quartet is perhaps most widely known for its 2014 project Mobile Miniatures , in which 47 composers including Nico Muhly , David Lang , and Anna Thorvaldsdottir were commissioned to write ringtone-length pieces that were then recorded by Spektral Quartet and made available for download as ringtone , alarms , and text-message alerts on mobile devices . The group recorded its debut album , Chambers ( on Parlour Tapes + ) , in 2013 in collaboration with composers Hans Thomalla , Marcos Balter , LJ White , Chris Fisher-Lochhead , and Ben Hjertmann . Also in 2013 , the group released From This Point Forward ( on Azica Records ) , with bandoneon/accordion virtuoso Julien Labro and saxophone player Miguel Zenón . The band appeared on Swiss violin soloist Rachel Kolly d'Alba 's 2015 record , Fin de siècle ( Aparté ) , performing Ernest Chausson 's Concerto for Violin , Piano , and String Quartet and is featured on albums from composers Augusta Read Thomas and Ryan Ingebritsen . In 2016 , the group released Serious Business ( on Sono Luminus ) , which was nominated for a 2017 Grammy Award . The album that explores humor in classical music through the compositional lenses of Josef Haydn , Sky Macklay , Chris Fisher-Lochhead , and David Reminick . The Strad magazine said of the album , `` these are superb performances , vivid and strongly felt , convincingly argued and full of rich , characterful detail . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b69bf022f5b86d41fd47a1573791e190",
"text": "Tim Story (composer) Tim Story ( born 1957 in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania ) is an American composer , recording artist and producer of electronic and acoustic music . Story has performed on more than 20 solo and collaborative albums and in soundtracks for film and television .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4ef12675121ef3c7dcc0682fffbcd7cf",
"text": "György Selmeczi György Selmeczi ( Cluj , 8 March 1952 ) is an ethnic Hungarian Romanian composer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "576583e81949fc724f6d238df25630d0",
"text": "Mario Davidovsky Mario Davidovsky ( born March 4 , 1934 ) is an Argentine-American composer . Born in Argentina , he emigrated in 1960 to the US , where he lives today . He is best known for his series of compositions called Synchronisms , which in live performance incorporate both acoustic instruments and electroacoustic sounds played from a tape .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
db8b3e09f54ebb96bd63862cfaff9d3f
|
Destiny's point of view is first person.
|
[
{
"docid": "75d633d28e7501e0c607097202f66211",
"text": "Destiny (video game) Destiny is an online-only multiplayer first-person shooter video game developed by Bungie and published by Activision . It was released worldwide on September 9 , 2014 , for the PlayStation 3 , PlayStation 4 , Xbox 360 , and Xbox One consoles . Destiny marked Bungie 's first new console franchise since the Halo series , and it is the first game in a ten-year agreement between Bungie and Activision . Set in a `` mythic science fiction '' world , the game features a multiplayer `` shared-world '' environment with elements of role-playing games . Activities in Destiny are divided among player versus environment ( PvE ) and player versus player ( PvP ) game types . In addition to normal story missions , PvE features three-player `` strikes '' and six-player raids . A free roam patrol mode is also available for each planet and features public events . PvP features objective-based modes , as well as traditional deathmatch game modes . Players take on the role of a Guardian , protectors of Earth 's last safe city as they wield a power called Light to protect the City from different alien races . Guardians are tasked with reviving a celestial being called the Traveler , while journeying to different planets to investigate and destroy the alien threats before humanity is completely wiped out . Bungie released four expansion packs , furthering the story , and adding new content , missions , and new PvP modes . Year One of Destiny featured two small expansions , The Dark Below in December 2014 and House of Wolves in May 2015 . A third , larger expansion , The Taken King , was released in September 2015 and marked the beginning of Year Two , changing much of the core gameplay . In December 2015 , Destiny shifted to an event-based model , featuring more limited-time events . A new , large expansion called Rise of Iron was released in September 2016 , beginning Year Three . Rise of Iron was only released for the PlayStation 4 and Xbox One ; PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 clients subsequently stopped receiving updates . A full sequel , Destiny 2 , is scheduled for September 2017 . Upon its release , Destiny received mixed to positive reviews with criticism centered mostly around the game 's storyline and post-campaign content . The game was praised for maintaining lineage from the Halo franchise , particularly in regards to its competitive experiences . On day one of its release , it sold over US$ 500 million at retail , making it the biggest new franchise launch of all time . It was GamesRadar 's 2014 Game of the Year and it received the BAFTA Award for Best Game at the 2014 British Academy Video Games Awards .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "4a4cef110ecdb679c24fdcd612673fce",
"text": "Gears of War Gears of War is a video game franchise created and originally owned by Epic Games , developed and managed by The Coalition , and owned and published by Microsoft Studios . The series focuses on the conflict between humanity , the subterranean reptilian hominids known as the Locust Horde , and their mutated counterparts , the Lambent & the Swarm . The franchise consists of five third-person shooter video games , which has also been supplemented by a comic book series and five novels . The first installment , titled Gears of War , was released on November 7 , 2006 for the Xbox 360 . The game follows protagonist Marcus Fenix , a soldier in the Coalition of Ordered Governments tasked to lead a last-ditch effort to destroy the Locust Horde and save humanity . Two subsequent titles , Gears of War 2 ( 2008 ) and Gears of War 3 ( 2011 ) , continued Fenix and humanity 's ongoing conflict with the Locust Horde and Lambent forces . In 2013 , Epic Games and Microsoft released Gears of War : Judgment , a prequel to the series ' first title , which instead focuses on Damon Baird , one of Fenix 's squad-mates . Gears of War : Ultimate Edition was released for Microsoft Windows on March 1 , 2016 . The series ' third sequel , Gears of War 4 , is set 25 years after Gears of War 3 and follows Marcus Fenix 's son , JD , as he battles new foes that threaten humanity . Gears of War was developed by Epic Games . Cliff Bleszinski , who has previously worked on Epic 's Unreal Tournament games , served the series ' lead game designer for the first three installments . He was inspired by gameplay elements from Resident Evil 4 , Kill Switch , and Bionic Commando . The series was also guided by Rod Fergusson , the executive producer and director of development of Epic Games until 2012 . The first four installments of the Gears of War series used a modified version of the Unreal Engine 3 engine . On January 27 , 2014 , Microsoft acquired all rights to the franchise from Epic Games . Canadian studio The Coalition developed Gears of War 4 , which was released on October 11 , 2016 for the Xbox One and Windows 10 . Gears of War became one of the best-selling franchises for the Xbox 360 . The series is well known for its emphasis on cover-based combat , in which players can use objects to avoid gunfire or safely engage enemies . All five installments in Gears of War featured several multiplayer modes that allowed players to compete against each other or team-up to battle AI opponents on Xbox Live . The Gears of War games have been amongst the most popular and most played titles on Xbox Live .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4ad3be9ebe734ed69312c9a57daf9a45",
"text": "The Legend of Heroes: A Tear of Vermillion The Legend of Heroes : A Tear of Vermillion , known as in Japan is a role-playing game originally developed by Nihon Falcom Corporation . It is the fourth game in the The Legend of Heroes series , and the second in the `` Gagharv Trilogy '' . This game is a remake of the original game released for the NEC PC-9801 in 1996 . It was also released in 1998 for the PlayStation and a 1999 release for Microsoft Windows PCs . This game was the first US-released Legend of Heroes game since Dragon Slayer : The Legend of Heroes for the TurboGrafx-16 . The US release dropped the number from the title , and was known as simply `` The Legend of Heroes : A Tear of Vermillion '' . Some confusion was caused by the US release of this game . While the remake of The Legend of Heroes IV was the first to be released in the US , the PSP remake of its predecessor , The Legend of Heroes III , had been released several months before it in Japan . The Legend of Heroes III was eventually released in the US in 2006 , with its title changed to The Legend of Heroes II : Prophecy of the Moonlight Witch .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad47dc43670072898442977a55502324",
"text": "Character (arts) A character ( sometimes known as a fictional character ) is a person or other being in a narrative work of art ( such as a novel , play , television series , or film ) . The character may be entirely fictional or based on a real-life person , in which case the distinction of a `` fictional '' versus `` real '' character may be made . Derived from the ancient Greek word χαρακτήρ , the English word dates from the Restoration , although it became widely used after its appearance in Tom Jones in 1749 . From this , the sense of `` a part played by an actor '' developed . Character , particularly when enacted by an actor in the theatre or cinema , involves `` the illusion of being a human person . '' In literature , characters guide readers through their stories , helping them to understand plots and ponder themes . Since the end of the 18th century , the phrase `` in character '' has been used to describe an effective impersonation by an actor . Since the 19th century , the art of creating characters , as practiced by actors or writers , has been called characterisation . A character who stands as a representative of a particular class or group of people is known as a type . Types include both stock characters and those that are more fully individualised . The characters in Henrik Ibsen 's Hedda Gabler ( 1891 ) and August Strindberg 's Miss Julie ( 1888 ) , for example , are representative of specific positions in the social relations of class and gender , such that the conflicts between the characters reveal ideological conflicts . The study of a character requires an analysis of its relations with all of the other characters in the work . The individual status of a character is defined through the network of oppositions ( proairetic , pragmatic , linguistic , proxemic ) that it forms with the other characters . The relation between characters and the action of the story shifts historically , often miming shifts in society and its ideas about human individuality , self-determination , and the social order .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e702919fa1c48d2a3b2c59ec64037bde",
"text": "Game of Thrones (2014 video game) Game of Thrones is an episodic graphic adventure fantasy drama video game based on Game of Thrones , the TV adaptation of George R. R. Martin A Song of Ice and Fire fantasy series , released in December 2014 for Android , iOS , Microsoft Windows , OS X , PlayStation 3 , PlayStation 4 , Xbox 360 , and Xbox One . The game was developed by Telltale Games and follows the episodic format found in other Telltale titles , such as The Walking Dead , The Wolf Among Us , and Tales from the Borderlands , where player choices and actions influence later events across the 6-episode arc . The story revolves around the northern House Forrester , rulers of Ironrath , whose members , including the five playable characters , attempt to save their family and themselves after ending up on the losing side of the War of the Five Kings . The game includes settings , characters and voice actors from the novels and TV series . The game was generally well received , and Telltale is currently working on a second season of the game .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "37ff6ce7869b9dc048efb743de3737d4",
"text": "Récit Récit is a term for a subgenre of the French novel , describing a work in which the narrative calls attention to itself . Literary critic Roger Shattuck explains , `` During a récit , we are conscious of being at one remove from the action ; the very act of narration interferes and calls attention to itself . '' Examples of the récit include works by Benjamin Constant and Eugene Fromentin , Andre Gide , Maurice Blanchot , and Michel Leiris . According to Shattuck , The discomfort of the narrator in confronting his own effort of composition ( by now it should be apparent that narrator and author become indistinguishable ) has been inherited as one of the principal features of the recit . Critic Geoffrey Hartman describes the récit as `` a confessional narrative , a kind of dramatic monologue in prose ... '' Daniel Just writes of an ambiguity in the nature of the récit : For literary critics , the récit as a category became ... elusive -- at once too broad and too specific . Meaning a `` narrative '' in general , récit has been used as an indefinite notion embracing many prose genres , to the point when it ceases to be clear if it does not coincide with narrative literature as such . At the same time , it has also served to identify a stylistic specificity found in the select works of only a few writers . This latter use finds perhaps its most exemplary illustrations in André Gide 's L'Immoraliste and Albert Camus 's La Chute . Gide , in particular , was quite meticulous in differentiating between his novels and their complex view of life , and his récits that portray life from a single perspective . Blanchot 's insistence on the difference between the novel and the récit is equally scrupulous , but for other reasons . His emphasis on a strong generic meaning of the term récit -- which is evident in spite of the semantic overload this notion sometimes undergoes in his theoretical texts -- has nothing to do with the number of points of view represented in the story . For Blanchot , the récit is a distinct literary form whose uniqueness resides in its not merely stylistic but `` essential '' difference from the genre of the novel . Maurice Blanchot describes the récit as follows : If we regard the récit as the true telling of an exceptional event which has taken place and which someone is trying to report , then we have not even come close to sensing the true nature of the récit . The récit is not the narration of an event , but the event itself , the approach to that event , the place where that event is made to happen-an event which is yet to come and through whose power of attraction the récit can come into being , too .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "17f292323c92b21542bc978b56038d8e",
"text": "God's Warriors CNN Presents : God 's Warriors is a three-part August 2007 CNN Presents documentary produced by Christiane Amanpour in which she examines the rise of religious fundamentalism as a political force in the world . The documentary was filmed in the United States , Europe and Middle East . It focuses on the three major monotheistic religions of the world , Judaism , Christianity , and Islam . The three chapters were titled God 's Jewish Warriors , God 's Muslim Warriors , and God 's Christian Warriors . The first describes the Jewish settlement movement in Israel and the fund-raising in the United States that supports it , while the second presents issues of radical Islam and Sharia law . The final segment focused on the United States and the political influence of Christian religious leaders . `` God 's Warriors is an investigation of religion , at a time when religious activism is a signature cultural phenomenon of our times , '' said Mark Nelson , vice president and senior executive producer for CNN Productions . `` This project 's global scope is ideally suited for the skills of someone with as impressive of a journalistic pedigree as our own Christiane Amanpour . '' For this documentary , Amanpour reports that during the last 30 years , each faith has exploded into a powerful political force comprising followers who share a dissatisfaction with modern society , and a determination to place God and religion back into daily life and to the seats of power . `` There are millions of people around the world who feel that their faith is being ignored -- pushed aside -- and they are certain they know how to make the world right , '' Amanpour says . `` We can not and should not ignore them . And , with this report , we 've tried to explain them . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "18d33ed350690675d5e265ef878ea3af",
"text": "Vampire Destiny Vampire Destiny is the fourth and final trilogy in The Saga of Darren Shan by author Darren Shan . The trilogy included The Lake of Souls , Lord of the Shadows and Sons of Destiny . This series goes more in depth on the Lord of Shadows and the future where he rules , and Harkat 's secrets of his past life are finally revealed .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3f2c617373d1c2c226465802358192a0",
"text": "Framework interpretation (Genesis) '' This article focuses on the views of certain Christian commentators and theologians . For a more general account of the topic , see Genesis creation narrative . The framework interpretation ( also known as the literary framework view , framework theory , or framework hypothesis ) is a description of the structure of the first chapter of the Book of Genesis ( more precisely Genesis 1:1 -- 2:4 a ) , the Genesis creation narrative . It can be illustrated with the following table :",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ccf13f8adcca60bf96d9eb8095128661",
"text": "The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim The Elder Scrolls V : Skyrim is an open world action role-playing video game developed by Bethesda Game Studios and published by Bethesda Softworks . It is the fifth main installment in The Elder Scrolls series , following The Elder Scrolls IV : Oblivion , and was released worldwide for Microsoft Windows , PlayStation 3 , and Xbox 360 on November 11 , 2011 . The game 's main story revolves around the player character and their quest to defeat Alduin the World-Eater , a dragon who is prophesied to destroy the world . The game is set two hundred years after the events of Oblivion , and takes place in the fictional province of Skyrim . Over the course of the game , the player completes quests and develops the character by improving skills . The game continues the open world tradition of its predecessors by allowing the player to travel anywhere in the game world at any time , and to ignore or postpone the main storyline indefinitely . Skyrim was developed using the Creation Engine , rebuilt specifically for the game . The team opted for a unique and more diverse game world than Oblivions Imperial Provence of Cyrodiil , which game director and executive producer Todd Howard considered less interesting by comparison . The game was released to critical acclaim , with reviewers particularly mentioning the character development and setting , and is considered to be one of the greatest video games of all time . The game shipped over seven million copies to retailers within the first week of its release , and sold over 30 million copies across all platforms . Three downloadable content ( DLC ) add-ons were released -- Dawnguard , Hearthfire , and Dragonborn -- which were repackaged into The Elder Scrolls V : Skyrim -- Legendary Edition , which was released in June 2013 . The Elder Scrolls V : Skyrim -- Special Edition , a remastered version of the game , was released for Windows , Xbox One , and PlayStation 4 in October 2016 , which includes all three DLC expansions and a minor graphical upgrade , along with additional features such as modding capabilities on consoles . A port for the Nintendo Switch is planned for release in 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9b8e63d78c1bbdb18f8138efcc0648c4",
"text": "Half-Life (series) Half-Life ( stylized HλLF-LIFE ) is a series of first-person shooter video games that share a single science fiction alternate history . The games in the series all utilize either the GoldSrc or Source engines and are linear , narrative , single-player titles . Valve Corporation is the developer , and partly the publisher and distributor , for their signature games of the series . The major titles in the series feature the player as the protagonist , Gordon Freeman , a theoretical physicist initially employed by the Black Mesa Research Facility . Two of these games , Half-Life and Half-Life 2 are full length titles , while two more , Half-Life 2 : Episode One and Half-Life 2 : Episode Two , are shorter , episodic titles . A final episode , Half-Life 2 : Episode Three , was originally scheduled to appear around Christmas 2007 , but now has no public release date . A puzzle-based first-person series , set in the same fictional universe as the Half-Life games , was created with Portal in 2007 , followed by a sequel , Portal 2 , in 2011 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "89434439fceb94bad31e862cf0d2ccc3",
"text": "In a Mirror, Darkly `` In a Mirror , Darkly '' is the eighteenth and nineteenth episodes of the fourth season of the American science fiction television series Star Trek : Enterprise , and originally aired on April 22 and 29 , 2005 . This installment was developed to be a sequel to The Original Series episode `` The Tholian Web '' and a prequel to `` Mirror , Mirror '' . The decision to set an Enterprise episode in the mirror universe originated with a pitch to enable William Shatner to appear in the series . The teleplays for both parts of the episode were written by Mike Sussman , with Manny Coto contributing the story for the second part . Set in the 22nd century , the series normally follows the adventures of the first Starfleet starship Enterprise , registration NX-01 . However , these installments feature a mirror universe Jonathan Archer and evil counterparts of the normal characters , who serve the cruel and militaristic Terran Empire . In the first part , the ISS Enterprise learns of a Starfleet ship from the future of the main universe which is being stripped for parts by the Tholians , and seeks to take the ship from the aliens . The second part sees the surviving crew operating the USS Defiant and seeking to overthrow the Empire using its advanced weaponry . The episode saw the reuse of footage from Star Trek : First Contact and the creation of an alternative opening credits sequence which included footage from other Paramount properties such as the film The Hunt for Red October . A three-quarters-around bridge from The Original Series era was constructed , as well as other sets from a Constitution-class starship . A Gorn and a Tholian were both created using CGI , with the Gorn utilizing motion capture techniques . This installment also saw the return of Vaughn Armstrong after his main universe character was killed on screen earlier in the season in the episode `` The Forge '' . This episode subsequently appeared in several lists of the best episodes of Star Trek : Enterprise . It was nominated for an Emmy Award for Outstanding Hairstyling for a Series in 2005 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "00a47f45a8903ab372e4f8938ed1c815",
"text": "List of accolades received by BioShock Infinite BioShock Infinite is a first-person shooter video game developed by Irrational Games and published by 2K Games . Players assume control of Booker DeWitt ( Troy Baker ) , who is sent to rescue Elizabeth ( Courtnee Draper ) from her captivity on the floating air city of Columbia . The game 's development was led by creative director Ken Levine . The game was officially announced on August 12 , 2010 , and was widely anticipated . At the Spike Video Game Awards , it was nominated Most Anticipated Game three times . Following its previews at the Electronic Entertainment Expo , the game won numerous awards , including Best of Show from several gaming publications . It was released worldwide on March 26 , 2013 for Microsoft Windows , PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 . Review aggregator Metacritic assigned the game a normalized score of 94 out of 100 , indicating `` universal acclaim '' , based on 27 and 68 reviews for the Windows and PlayStation 3 versions , respectively ; the Xbox 360 version received 93 out of 100 based on 33 reviews . Within four months of its release , BioShock Infinite sold approximately four million copies , and eleven million by June 2015 . BioShock Infinite garnered awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for its music , story , visual design , characters , and the acting of its cast . At the 17th Annual DICE Awards , the game received six nominations and went on to win two awards : Action Game of the Year , and Outstanding Achievement in Original Music Composition . The game earned four nominations at the 10th British Academy Video Games Awards , winning Original Music . At IGN 's Best of 2013 , the game garnered twenty nominations and went on to win nine awards , including Best Overall Shooter Game and Best Overall Graphics for Art Design . At the 14th Annual Game Developers Choice Awards , BioShock Infinite won Best Audio and Best Visual Art . The game received nine nominations at the Spike VGX , winning Best Shooter , Best Song in a Game and Character of the Year . At the National Academy of Video Game Trade Reviewers Awards , the game received eleven nominations , with Courtnee Draper winning Supporting Performance in a Drama . The game appeared on several year-end lists of the best games of 2013 , receiving Game of the Year wins from the Associated Press , CNN , Electronic Gaming Monthly , Entertainment Weekly , Forbes , and Games .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dbe5cbcadee4921477a75c09f9e4a61b",
"text": "Star of the Guardians Star of the Guardians is a series of fantasy novels by Margaret Weis . The series consists of several volumes : The Lost King King 's Test King 's Sacrifice Ghost Legion The Knights of the Black Earth ( 1995 ) , ISBN 0-451-45425-1 Robot Blues ( 1996 ) , ISBN 0-451-45581-9 Hung Out ( 1998 ) , ISBN 0-451-45618-1 Star of the Guardians is a series of four science fiction / space opera novels written by Margaret Weis without assistance from usual co-author Tracy Hickman . The original trilogy , The Lost King , King 's Test and King 's Sacrifice , concerns Dion 's adventures and eventual rise to the throne . A few years later , Margaret Weis realized that , while Dion had achieved his goals , the main characters of the series ( sundered lovers Sagan and Maigrey ) had not achieved peace , and penned the fourth book , Ghost Legion . She has since completed a trilogy of spin-offs concerning the mercenary team Mag Force 7 introduced in King 's Sacrifice . Based originally on The Magnificent Seven , the team developed a much more varied membership just in time to star in their own novels : The Knights of the Black Earth , Robot Blues and Hung Out . Weis and Don Perrin released a collectible card game under the name `` Mag Force 7 '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b1318f23e2e6fabf22ddbe228f6772d7",
"text": "Fahrenheit (2005 video game) Fahrenheit ( known as Indigo Prophecy in North America ) is a cinematic interactive drama action-adventure video game developed by Quantic Dream and published by Atari , Inc. for the PlayStation 2 and Xbox . The director 's cut and uncut versions were later released for Microsoft Windows . Fahrenheit has sold over 700,000 units worldwide since it was released in September 2005 and has won several awards . On 4 December 2007 , Atari released the game for Xbox 360 through Xbox Originals . On 8 November 2011 , Quantic Dream released the game uncensored for PC through GOG.com . A remastered version of the game , entitled Fahrenheit : Indigo Prophecy Remastered , was developed and published by Aspyr in January 2015 for Microsoft Windows , OS X , Linux and iOS . A port for the PlayStation 4 , which was developed by International Software Development Group at Sony Interactive Entertainment , was released on 9 August 2016 via PlayStation Network . In this paranormal thriller , New York City experiences a series of mysterious murders that follow the same pattern ; ordinary people become possessed and kill strangers in public . The main characters of the story must uncover the supernatural forces behind these crimes . Publicity was generated from the developer 's rejection of conventional game genre labeling ; preferring to brand it as the first `` interactive film '' rather than an adventure or third-person action title . The game features motion captured animation as well as branching story lines , split screen cameras and an interface designed to be intuitive and realistic . Event triggers in the game are also mainly time-based , as opposed to the more common player-initiated progression found in most games .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4331aadfb2c5b7670cbdffc899280daf",
"text": "Gears of War: Judgment Gears of War : Judgment is a 2013 military science fiction third-person shooter video game , developed by Epic Games with additional work by People Can Fly and published by Microsoft Studios for the Xbox 360 in North America on 19 March 2013 , with subsequent regions following later that month . It is the fourth entry of the Gears of War series . It is also the last Gears of War game to be developed by Epic Games before Microsoft acquired the franchise in January 2014 , and the final Gears of War game to be released on the Xbox 360 . On 4 June 2012 , Microsoft officially announced the development of Gears of War : Judgment at the company 's press conference during the Electronic Entertainment Expo 2012 , before releasing a debut trailer and demonstrating the upcoming multiplayer features . Prior to Microsoft 's announcement , video game journalists had already determined that the chronology of events in Gears of War : Judgment would pre-date that of the other releases in the franchise , and that the prequel would feature Damon Baird and Augustus Cole as protagonists . Gears of War : Judgement received favorable reactions from critics , albeit less positive than its predecessors . Critics cited the game 's multiplayer mode , visuals and action as strengths , but criticized the single-player campaign 's narrative and length , as well as the game 's failure to innovate the series ' gameplay . By August 2013 it sold over 1 million copies .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "310186e506601f761fa609448a8613ef",
"text": "Deliria Deliria : Faerie Tales for a New Millennium is an `` interactive urban fantasy setting '' created by Phil Brucato . The title refers to an altered state of awareness in which several levels of reality can be perceived at once , to both good and ill effect . The core concept behind Deliria is one of `` ordinary people in an extraordinary world . '' Inspired by classical fairy tales and urban fantasy , the setting presents a multicultural world in which magic is always present but often invisible . To `` twilight people '' who encounter the magical realm , the world becomes a frightening yet wonderful place . Meanwhile , the immortal faeries , or aelderfolk , regard mortal humanity with a mixture of awe and terror . The accelerating pace of human imagination reverberates through both worlds , bringing changes that many aelders fear . Within the tensions of this setting , ordinary people become heroes - or villains - in their own new fairy tales . Inspired by authors like Charles de Lint , Erik Davis and Francesca Lia Block , films like Edward ScissorHands and Practical Magic , world music and ethereal wave music , and TV shows like Buffy the Vampire Slayer , Deliria 's setting emphasizes `` normal people '' over superheroes . As a role-playing game , it features a flexible rules system , collaborative storytelling , and a character-crafting process based on telling stories about the character . Deliria has also been noted for its vivid digital art , evocative short stories , and emphasis of `` courage rather than carnage . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5518082aad516ea36a551bc4d7cb0823",
"text": "Franz Karl Stanzel Franz Karl Stanzel ( born August 4 , 1923 in Molln ) is an Austrian literary theorist , specialised in English literature . After finishing his degree with Herbert Koziol in Graz and after his habilitation in 1955 , he was professor in Göttingen . In 1959 he was offered a position as professor ( Ordinariat ) in Erlangen . In 1962 he succeeded Koziol in Graz . Today he is a professor emeritus of English literature at the Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz . Since the 1950s Stanzel worked on an analytical topology for the description of the narrative mode , also often called `` narrative situation '' or `` point of view '' of narrative texts . Despite lots of criticism , his typological circle of three narrative situations is still taught in introductions to German literary studies at German universities ( e. g. the introductions of the famous literary scholar Ansgar Nünning ) . Since the late 90s , there is a stronger competition by the narrative model of the French narratologist Gérard Genette in Germany . Stanzel 's typological circle featuring `` three typical narrative situations '' , which describes various possibilities of structuring the mediacity of narrative , is based on three elements . These are `` mode '' , `` person '' and `` perspective '' , which can be divided further into the oppositions `` narrator/reflector '' , `` first person/third person '' and `` internal perspective/external perspective '' . Thus , Stanzel distinguishes three narrative situations : The `` authorial narrative situation '' is characterised by the dominance of the external perspective . In the `` First-person narrative situation '' , the events are related by a `` narrating I '' who takes part in the action in the fictional world as a character or as the `` experiencing I '' . `` The figural narrative situation '' is marked by the dominance of the reflector mode , restricting to a factual representation or using internal focalisation to create the impression of immediacy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1eb734bd5d2b1a2600ee60cbf8a45545",
"text": "Myth: The Fallen Lords Myth : The Fallen Lords is a 1997 real-time tactics video game developed by Bungie for Microsoft Windows and Mac OS . Released in November 1997 in North America and in February 1998 in Europe , the game was published by Bungie in North America and by Eidos Interactive in Europe . At the time , Bungie was known primarily as developers of Mac games , and The Fallen Lords was the first game they had developed and released simultaneously for both PC and Mac . It is the first game in the Myth series , which also includes a sequel , Myth II : Soulblighter , set sixty years after the events of the first game , and also developed by Bungie , and a prequel , Myth III : The Wolf Age , set one thousand years prior to the events depicted in The Fallen Lords , and developed by MumboJumbo . The game tells the story of the battle between the forces of the `` Light '' and those of the `` Dark '' for control of an unnamed mythical land . The Dark are led by Balor and a group of lieutenants ( the titular Fallen Lords ) , whilst the Light are led by `` The Nine '' ; powerful sorcerers known as `` Avatara , '' chief amongst whom is Alric . The game begins in the seventeenth year of the war in the West , some fifty years since the rise of Balor , with the forces of Light on the brink of defeat ; almost the entire land is under the dominion of the Dark , with only one major city and a few smaller towns remaining under the control of the Light . The plot follows the activities of `` The Legion '' , an elite unit in the army of the Light , as they attempt to turn back the tide and defeat Balor . The Fallen Lords received positive reviews from critics , and is credited as a defining title in the fledging real-time tactics genre . Reviewers praised its plot , graphics , gameplay , level design , online multiplayer mode , and differentiation from traditional real-time strategy games . The most often criticized aspects were the difficulty of the single-player campaign , which many reviewers felt was far too high , even on the lowest setting , and some awkwardness in controlling units . The game went on to win multiple awards , including `` Strategy Game of the Year '' from both PC Gamer and Computer Gaming World , and `` Game of the Year '' from both Computer Games Strategy Plus and Macworld . It was also a commercial success , selling over 350,000 units worldwide across both systems , earning back roughly seven times its budget . At the time , it was Bungie 's most successful game , and served to bring them to the attention of PC gamers and , more specifically , Microsoft , who would purchase the company in 2000 . The Myth series as a whole , and Soulblighter in particular , supported an active online community for over a decade after the official servers went offline . The first formally organized group of volunteer-programmers was MythDevelopers , who were given access to the game 's source code by Bungie . The most recently active Myth development group is Project Magma , an offshoot of MythDevelopers . These groups have worked to provide ongoing technical support for the games , update them to newer operating systems , fix bugs , release unofficial patches , create mods , and maintain online servers for multiplayer gaming .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c9598f666c5f7a1250a375d38be87521",
"text": "Final Fantasy XIII is a science fiction role-playing video game developed and published by Square Enix for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 consoles and later for the Microsoft Windows operating system . Released in Japan in December 2009 and worldwide in March 2010 , it is the thirteenth title in the mainline Final Fantasy series . The game includes fast-paced combat , a new system for the series for determining which abilities are developed for the characters called `` Crystarium '' , and a customizable `` Paradigm '' system to control which abilities are used by the characters . Final Fantasy XIII includes elements from the previous games in the series , such as summoned monsters , chocobos , and airships . The game takes place in the fictional floating world of Cocoon , whose government , the Sanctum , is ordering a purge of civilians who have supposedly come into contact with Pulse , the much-feared world below . The former soldier Lightning begins her fight against the government in order to save her sister who has been branded as an unwilling servant to a god-like being from Pulse , making her an enemy of Cocoon . Lightning is soon joined by a band of allies , and together the group also become marked by the same Pulse creature . They rally against the Sanctum while trying to discover their assigned task and whether they can avoid being turned into monsters or crystals at the completion . Development began in 2004 , and the game was first announced at Electronic Entertainment Expo ( E3 ) 2006 . Final Fantasy XIII is the flagship title of the Fabula Nova Crystallis collection of Final Fantasy games and is the first game to use Square Enix 's Crystal Tools engine . Final Fantasy XIII received mostly positive reviews from video game publications , which praised the game 's graphics , presentation , and battle system . The game 's story received a mixed response from reviewers , and its linearity compared to previous games in the series was mostly criticized . Selling 1.7 million copies in Japan in 2009 , Final Fantasy XIII became the fastest-selling title in the history of the series . As of January 2013 , the game has sold over 6.6 million copies worldwide . The Microsoft Windows version has sold over 700,000 copies according to SteamSpy . A sequel , titled Final Fantasy XIII-2 , was released in December 2011 in Japan and in February 2012 in North America and PAL regions . A second sequel , titled Lightning Returns : Final Fantasy XIII , which concludes Lightning 's story and the Final Fantasy XIII saga , was released in November 2013 in Japan and in February 2014 in North America and PAL regions . In September 2014 , Square Enix announced the Final Fantasy XIII series has been widely successful and has shipped over 11 million copies worldwide .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f2ad766d1247609353997d14f9e69bf9",
"text": "The Dragon's Call `` The Dragon 's Call '' is the first episode of the first series of the British fantasy-adventure family television series Merlin . Written by Julian Jones and directed by James Hawes , the episode was first broadcast on BBC One on 20 September 2008 . The episode tells the arrival of Merlin ( Colin Morgan ) as a young man in Camelot , where magic is banned by King Uther Pendragon ( Anthony Head ) . Taken under the wing of Camelot 's physician , Gaius ( Richard Wilson ) , he is warned that he must keep his innate magical ability a secret . In Camelot , he meets Uther 's heir , the arrogant Prince Arthur ( Bradley James ) , as well as Lady Morgana ( Katie McGrath ) and her handmaid , Guinevere ( Angel Coulby ) . As a witch ( Eve Myles ) plans revenge on the King 's heir for the execution of her son , Merlin is informed by a cryptic dragon ( John Hurt ) that his destiny is to protect Arthur . Merlin was conceived by Julian Murphy and Johnny Capps to be an origin story for the characters of the Arthurian legends , with family-centered entertainment . Young actors with little experience were cast as the four lead characters , while better-known actors were cast in supporting roles . Many of the scenes in Camelot were filmed in France , at the Château de Pierrefonds , while the rest was filmed in England and Wales . Special effects were done by The Mill , who had the task of creating the talking dragon . `` The Dragon 's Call '' was watched by 7.15 million viewers in the UK and 6.3 million in the US on NBC . Critical reception was mixed , with some feeling the show had promise but lacked imagination , and the actual plot of `` The Dragon 's Call '' was deemed slight .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
e58729bc61383bb187e64a80e230ad71
|
Anne Bancroft won at least two things.
|
[
{
"docid": "579038dce7cd0121270a1076cd1755dc",
"text": "Anne Bancroft Anna Maria Louisa Italiano ( September 17 , 1931 -- June 6 , 2005 ) , known professionally as Anne Bancroft , was an American actress associated with the method acting school , having studied under Lee Strasberg . Respected for her acting prowess and versatility , Bancroft was acknowledged for her work in film , theatre and television . She won one Academy Award , three BAFTA Awards , two Golden Globes , two Tony Awards and two Emmy Awards , and several other awards and nominations . After her film debut in Do n't Bother to Knock ( 1952 ) and a string of supporting film roles during the 1950s , she won an Academy Award for Best Actress for her lead role in The Miracle Worker ( 1962 ) as the teacher of teenage Helen Keller , reprising her role in the Broadway stage play . She won both an Oscar for her work in the film , and a Tony for the same role in the play . On Broadway in 1965 , she played a medieval nun obsessed with a priest ( Jason Robards ) in John Whiting 's play The Devils , based on the Aldous Huxley novel The Devils of Loudun . She was perhaps best known as the seductress , Mrs. Robinson , in The Graduate ( 1967 ) , a role that she later stated had come to overshadow her other work . Bancroft received several other Oscar nominations and continued in lead roles until the late 1980s . She played a ballet dancer in The Turning Point ( 1977 ) , and in Agnes of God ( 1985 ) , she played the mother superior of a convent who clashes with a psychiatrist played by Jane Fonda over dealings with a troubled young novice nun played by Meg Tilly . In 1987 , she starred with Anthony Hopkins in 84 Charing Cross Road . She appeared in several movies directed or produced by her second husband , comedian Mel Brooks , including the award-winning drama The Elephant Man as well as comedies To Be or Not to Be and Dracula : Dead and Loving It . In the 1990s she returned to supporting roles in films , but continued to play lead roles in television films . She received Emmy and Screen Actors Guild Award nominations , for The Roman Spring of Mrs. Stone ( 2003 ) , as well as an Emmy nomination for 2001 's Haven .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "aa6e9c8487342b7db1fdcd2454aa3ebd",
"text": "BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language The BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . The award was first given at the 36th British Academy Film Awards , recognising the films of 1982 , and until 1990 was known as the BAFTA Award for Best Foreign Film . Prior to this , films recorded in a language other than English were often recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best Film , known between 1949 and 1969 as Best Film from any Source . In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "edc1260565d7d1f54625d192e73f850a",
"text": "List of awards and nominations received by Anne Hathaway The following is a list of awards and nominations received by Anne Hathaway throughout her acting career .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "de618f64d3c06a7157a7ddc9cf31e1b0",
"text": "9th Primetime Emmy Awards The 9th Emmy Awards , later referred to as the 9th Primetime Emmy Awards , were held on March 16 , 1957 to honor the best in television of the year . The ceremony was held at the NBC Studios in Burbank , California . Desi Arnaz hosted the event . All nominations are listed , with winners in bold and series ' networks are in parentheses . Categories were sorted based on running time , instead of by genre . The top shows of the night were Caesar 's Hour and Playhouse 90 . Each show won a then-record five major awards , ( however , two of Playhouse 90 's wins came in now defunct categories ) . Caesar 's Hour became the first show to be nominated in all four major acting categories . Caesar 's Hour also made history when it swept the four acting categories . After over fifty years , it remains the only comedy or drama series to win every major acting award . In 2004 , the miniseries Angels in America became the second show , and first miniseries/television movie , to sweep the acting field .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2e0ef880d9a9f4b34c8fc0572096c372",
"text": "Anne Matthews Anne Matthews is a college lecturer and author of articles and books with environmental and academic themes . Her book , Where the Buffalo Roam : Restoring America 's Great Plains was a 1993 Pulitzer Prize finalist in nonfiction . Deep Creek , written with William Howarth under the joint pen name `` Dana Hand '' , was selected by the Washington Post as one of the best novels of 2010 . Matthews is also the author of Bright College Years : Inside the American College Today , and Wild Nights : Nature Returns to the City . Matthews served on the Library of America editorial board for the two-volume collection Reporting World War II , and she is a contributing editor for The American Scholar . She has served on the faculties of Princeton , Columbia , and New York University , and she was the first woman to direct the Princeton Writing Program . Her various articles and reviews have appeared in the New York Times , Outside , Orion , Preservation , and the Best American Science and Nature Writing .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "725c46586672c78dac93e97326fd83a4",
"text": "AUDELCO AUDELCO , the Audience Development Committee , Inc. , was established in 1973 by the late Vivian Robinson to honor excellence in New York City African American Theatre through presentation of Vivan Robinson/AUDELCO Recognition Awards ( a.k.a. Viv awards ) . The awards were created to promote `` recognition , understanding and awareness of the arts in the African-American community '' . The AUDELCO Viv awards recognize the following , whether Broadway or off-Broadway : Productions by Black companies Shows written or directed by Blacks Black actors in shows AUDELCO has an office in Central Harlem , New York City The President is Grace Jones and the board of directors consistsof : A.Curtis Farrow ; Ralph Carter , Toni Peterson , Jacqueline Feffries ; Linda Armstrong ; Honorable Donna M. Mills ; Fred R.Powell ; Mary Seymour ; Dale Richardo Shields ; Terrence Spivey ; Ronald Stone Esq and Mary B. Davis Chair Emeritus . The organization has thousands of members , a newsletter , and a black theater collection of books , photos , slides and scripts as well as an extensive clipping file on black theater companies and productions . The AUDELCO awards are limited to productions mounted by professional , not-for-profit theater organizations which have been in existence for at least two years and have had a minimum of 500 hours of rehearsal , performance , or training . Additionally , productions have to have been performed over 12 times between September 1 of one year and August 31 of the next . Workshop productions and works-in-progress are not eligible . The AUDELCO Viv awards allow celebrities and everyday people to get to share their love of theater and their appreciation for the incredible performances , scripts , direction , costumes and sets that have been presented during the last theater season . Michael O'Hare was the first white actor to win this award presented by the black theater community of New York for his performance in the play `` Shades of Brown '' which examined the effects of apartheid in South Africa . ( Former AUDELOC awardees included , Kerry Washington ( AUDELCO 's first Rising star ) ; Samuel L. Jackson ; Phylicia Rashad ; Debbie Allen ; Denzel Washington , Barbara Montgomery , Sanaa Lathan and others ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d4b8f1aba9dc803d1cf199d65be6e3e6",
"text": "Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play The Tony Award for Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role in a Play is an honor presented at the Tony Awards , a ceremony established in 1947 as the Antoinette Perry Awards for Excellence in Theatre , to actors for quality leading roles in a Broadway play . The awards are named after Antoinette Perry , an American actress who died in 1946 . Honors in several categories are presented at the ceremony annually by the Tony Award Productions , a joint venture of The Broadway League and the American Theatre Wing , to `` honor the best performances and stage productions of the previous year . '' Despite the award first being presented in 1947 , there were no nominees announced until 1956 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5ebc749343a5cfa9b5fba1f9c102a367",
"text": "Effie Bancroft Marie Effie Wilton , Lady Bancroft ( 1839 -- 1921 ) was an English actress and theatre manager . She appeared onstage as Marie Wilton until after her marriage in December 1867 to Squire Bancroft , when she usually appeared under the name Lady Bancroft . Bancroft and her husband were important in the development of Victorian era theatre through their presentation of innovative plays at the London theatres that they managed , first the Prince of Wales 's Theatre and later the Haymarket Theatre .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d11152d122e2bfab5756249659d19f87",
"text": "Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Picture Editing for a Nonfiction Program The Primetime Emmy Award for Picture Editing for a Nonfiction Program is awarded to one television documentary or nonfiction series each year . Prior to 2006 , nonfiction and reality programs competed together until the Outstanding Picture Editing for Reality Programming category was created . In the following list , the first titles listed in gold are the winners ; those not in gold are nominees , which are listed in alphabetical order . The years given are those in which the ceremonies took place . __ TOC __",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "702b724dc176667d708bd4f860f839f2",
"text": "AACTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role The AACTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role is an award presented by the Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts ( AACTA ) , a non-profit organisation whose aim is to `` identify , award , promote and celebrate Australia 's greatest achievements in film and television . '' The award is presented at the annual AACTA Awards , which hands out accolades for achievements in feature films , television , documentaries and short films . From 1971 -- 2010 , the category was presented by the Australian Film Institute ( AFI ) , the Academy 's parent organisation , at the annual Australian Film Institute Awards ( known as the AFI Awards ) . When the AFI launched the Academy in 2011 , it changed the annual ceremony to the AACTA Awards , with the current award being a continuum of the AFI Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role . It was presented as a special award , from 1971 -- 1975 , and was accompanied with a cash prize , before it became a competitive award from 1976 , onward . Judy Davis is the most nominated actress in this category , with five wins from eight nominations , most recently for her role in The Eye of the Storm ( 2011 ) . Candidates for this award must be human and female , and can not be nominated for the same role in the supporting actress category .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c73e3fa875e67d65ca698f93ac84381e",
"text": "Ann Stanford Ann Stanford ( November 25 , 1916 -- July 12 , 1987 ) was an American poet . She graduated from Stanford University in 1938 Phi Beta Kappa , and University of California , Los Angeles , with an M.A. in journalism in 1958 , an M.A. in English in 1961 , and a Ph.D. in English and American literature in 1962 . Stanford married Roland Arthur White , an architect , in 1942 , and they had three daughters and one son . When she died in 1987 , at the age of seventy , Ann Stanford was at the apex of a long and distinguished career as a poet , translator , editor , scholar and teacher . Over a period of forty years , she had written eight volumes of poetry , two verse plays , and a book-length study of the Puritan poet Anne Bradstreet . She had also translated the classic Sanskrit text The Bhagavad Gita and edited The Women Poets in English , an anthology that gathered , for the first time , hundreds of years of poetry by women . Her poems had appeared regularly in the most prestigious journals and magazines -- the New Yorker , The Atlantic , Poetry , The New Republic , The Southern Review -- and had been widely honored . From 1962 to 1987 , she taught at California State University , Northridge . She was a founding member of the Associated Writing Programs . Since 1988 , a poetry prize has been awarded in her name .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "265457bbd71c6794b018f6d68b1e85e8",
"text": "25th Academy Awards The 25th Academy Awards ceremony was held on March 19 , 1953 . It took place at the RKO Pantages Theatre in Hollywood , California , and the NBC International Theatre in New York City . It was the first Academy Awards ceremony to be televised , and the first ceremony to be held in Hollywood and New York City simultaneously . It was also the only year that the New York ceremonies were to be held in the NBC International Theatre on Columbus Circle , which was shortly thereafter demolished and replaced by the New York Coliseum convention center . A major upset occurred in the category of Best Picture . The heavily favored High Noon lost to Cecil B. DeMille 's The Greatest Show on Earth , eventually considered among the worst films to have won the Academy Award for Best Picture . The American film magazine Premiere placed the movie on its list of the 10 worst Oscar winners and the British film magazine Empire rated it # 3 on their list of the 10 worst Oscar winners . It has the lowest spot on Rotten Tomatoes ' list of the 81 films to win Best Picture . Of all the films nominated for the Oscar this year , only High Noon and Singin ' in the Rain would show up 46 years later on the American Film Institute list of the greatest American films of the 20th Century . For a film that only received two nominations , Singin ' in the Rain went on to be named as the greatest American musical film of all time and in the 2007 American Film Institute updated list as the fifth greatest American film of all time , while High Noon was ranked twenty-seventh on the same 2007 list , as well . The Bad and the Beautiful won five awards , the most wins ever for a film not nominated for Best Picture . It was also the second Academy Awards in which a film not nominated for Best Picture received the most awards of the evening , excluding years where there were ties for the most wins . The only other film to do this was The Thief of Bagdad at the 13th Academy Awards ; as of the 87th Academy Awards , it has not happened since . Until Spotlight won only Best Picture and Best Original Screenplay at the 88th Academy Awards , this was the last year in which the Best Picture winner won just two Oscars . It was also the second of three years to date in which two films not nominated for Best Picture received more nominations than the winner ( The Bad and the Beautiful and Hans Christian Andersen , both with six ) . This occurred again at the 79th Academy Awards . Shirley Booth also became the last person to win an Oscar in a Leading Role to be born in the 19th century . She also holds the distinction of being the first woman in her 50s to win the award , at the age of 54 ( the second woman in her 50s to win , Julianne Moore , was 54 when awarded at the 87th Academy Awards ) . John Ford 's fourth win for Best Director set a record for the most wins in this category that remains unmatched to this day . For the first time since the introduction of Supporting Actor and Actress awards in 1936 , Best Picture , Best Director , and all four acting Oscars went to six different films . This has happened only three times since , at the 29th Academy Awards for 1956 , the 78th for 2005 , and the 85th for 2012 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "93908d7ff48b9b80999fba32ab70c193",
"text": "Bancroft School of Massage Therapy The Bancroft School of Massage Therapy , located in Worcester , Massachusetts , was founded in 1950 by Henry LaFleur , proprietor of the Bancroft Health Center , a facility specializing in Swedish massage and sports massage since 1938 . He purchased the George School of Massage in Boston , Massachusetts , moved it to Worcester , and renamed it Bancroft School of Massage .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fd2e599688ac43d29392e8c82f7b4fa6",
"text": "Ann Bancroft Ann Bancroft ( born September 29 , 1955 ) is an American author , teacher , and adventurer . She was the first woman to successfully finish a number of arduous expeditions to the Arctic and Antarctic . She was inducted as honorary member of the National Women 's Hall of Fame in 1995 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "13db858565383fcd5d793cf212e1142d",
"text": "Lannan Literary Awards The Lannan Literary Awards are a series of awards and literary fellowships given out in various fields by the Lannan Foundation . Established in 1989 , the awards are meant `` to honor both established and emerging writers whose work is of exceptional quality '' , according to the foundation . The foundation 's awards are lucrative relative to most awards in literature : the 2006 awards for poetry , fiction and nonfiction each came with $ 150,000 , making them among the richest literary prizes in the world . The awards reflect the philosophy governing the Lannan Foundation , a family foundation established by J. Patrick Lannan , Sr. in 1960 . It describes itself as `` dedicated to cultural freedom , diversity and creativity through projects which support exceptional contemporary artists and writers , as well as inspired Native activists in rural indigenous communities . '' Awards have been made to acclaimed and varied literary figures such as David Foster Wallace , William Gaddis , Lydia Davis , William H. Gass , Steve Erickson and W.S. Merwin . The foundation has also recognized people known as much for their public intellectual activities as for their literary talents , such as Barbara Ehrenreich and Edward Said . The foundation also gives a `` Cultural Freedom Prize '' for the stated purpose of recognizing `` people whose extraordinary and courageous work celebrates the human right to freedom of imagination , inquiry , and expression . '' Prize winners include Elouise P. Cobell , Robert Fisk , Eduardo Galeano , , Mahmoud Darwish , Arundhati Roy , Helen Caldicott and Cornel West . The foundation does not accept applications for awards or fellowships . Candidates are suggested anonymously `` by a network of writers , literary scholars , publishers , and editors , '' with the foundation 's literary committee making the final determination . The foundation also `` provides financial assistance to tribes and nonprofits that serve Native American communities ... '' For instance , it gave more than $ 7 million in grants to the Blackfeet Reservation Development Fund from 1998 to 2009 , to support litigation on behalf of Native Americans with interests in trust lands . This nonprofit was created by Elouise P. Cobell and her legal team to bring claims against the United States for mismanaging lands held in trust for Native Americans . The Cobell v. Salazar case was filed in 1996 and settled in 2009 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1bd845cb5fb5ef5cad1cdc6eee87c2bf",
"text": "Thomas Bancroft (priest) Thomas Bancroft ( 1756 -- 1811 ) , was a vicar of Bolton-le-Moors in Lancashire , England . Bancroft was the son of Thomas Bancroft , a thread-maker , was born in Deansgate , Manchester . At the age of six he was admitted into the Manchester Grammar School , where , in course of time , he became a teacher . He held a school exhibition from 1778 to 1781 , and graduated B.A. at Brasenose College , Oxford , 10 October 1781 . In 1780 he obtained the Craven scholarship ; in the same year he assisted in correcting the edition of Homer published by the Clarendon Press , and further helped Dr. Falconer in correcting an edition of Strabo . Being disappointed of a fellowship at Oxford , he returned to Manchester grammar school as assistant master , and remained there until he was appointed head-master of King Henry VIII 's school at Chester . ` Towards the end of last century , ' writes Dr. Ormerod , ` the school attained a considerable degree of classical celebrity under the direction of the late Rev. Thomas Bancroft , afterwards vicar of Bolton-le-Moors in Lancashire . Plays were occasionally performed by the boys , and a collection of Greek , Latin , and English exercises , partly written by the scholars and partly by Mr. Bancroft , was published at Chester ( 1788 ) under the title of `` Prolusiones Poeticæ ''' . While at this school he married Miss Bennett , of Willaston Hall , against the wishes of her father , a wine merchant in Chester . Her father prevented an attempted elopement by running his sword through Bancroft 's leg , a feat for which he had to pay Bancroft 1,000 l. compensation . A marriage soon afterwards took place in defiance of the father , who was never reconciled to his daughter . He bequeathed , however , 1,000 l. each to her two daughters . In 1793 Bancroft was presented by Bishop Cleaver to the living of Bolton-le-Moors , then worth about 250l . a year . In 1798 Bancroft was made chaplain to the Bolton volunteers by royal warrant , and four years previously he had been appointed domestic chaplain to Viscount Castle-Stewart . He was made one of the four ` king 's preachers ' allowed to the county of Lancaster by Dr. Majendie , bishop of Chester , in 1807 . He continued vicar of Bolton until his death on 5 February 1811 . There is a tablet to his memory in the parish church . He published various sermons , the ` Prolusiones ' already mentioned , and wrote three dissertations ( Oxford , 1835 ) . Two tracts , ` The Credibility of Christianity vindicated , ' Manchester , 1831 , and ` The Englishman armed against the Infidel Spirit of the Times , ' Stockport , 1833 , were privately printed for his son-in-law , J. Bradshaw Isherwood . There remain several of his manuscripts in possession of the family of Major Fell , of Bolton , who married one of Bancroft 's granddaughters .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6e4064a7a7b33468cf89c886db7d8a2b",
"text": "Goldsmith Book Prize The Goldsmith Book Prize is a literary award for books published in the United States .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eb6da3ade65f4b41ad2c6afb050947a9",
"text": "15th Academy Awards The 15th Academy Awards was held in the Cocoanut Grove at The Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles . Best Picture honors went to the film Mrs. Miniver . The ceremony is most famous for the speech by the film 's Oscar-winning actress Greer Garson . Garson 's acceptance speech as Best Actress ran nearly 6 minutes and is generally considered to be the longest acceptance speech at an Academy Awards ceremony . Mrs. Miniver was the second film ( after My Man Godfrey in 1936 ) to receive nominations in all four acting categories , as well as the first film to garner five acting nominations . Also notable at the ceremony , Irving Berlin presented the Academy Award for Best Song , which he ended up winning for `` White Christmas '' . Best Documentary had four winners , something that has not happened before or since . A portion of the ceremony was broadcast by CBS Radio .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "18a75c5ad0c17a861ba966e0fbe71d59",
"text": "BAFTA Award for Best Film The BAFTA Award for Best Film is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . It has been given since the 1st BAFTA Awards , representing the best films of 1947 , but until 1969 it was called the BAFTA Award for Best Film From Any Source . It is possible for films from any country to be nominated , although British films are also recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best British Film and ( since 1983 ) foreign-language films in BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language . As such , there have been multiple occasions of a film being nominated in two of these categories . There has been one tie for the Best Film award when , in 1962 , Ballad of a Soldier tied with The Hustler for Best Film from any Source . Until 1981 , the award was given to the director , except in 1976 and 1977 , when it was given to the producers . From 1981 to 1985 , it was given solely to the producers , and then in 1986 , it was shared between the Director and Producer . In 1998 , it was once again given to only the producers . In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "454776f5b02249d0bbf44227cfdf1bd1",
"text": "Dwarf Stars Award The Dwarf Stars Award is an annual award presented by the Science Fiction Poetry Association to the author of the best horror , fantasy , or science fiction poem of ten lines or fewer published in the previous year . The award was established in 2006 as a counterpoint to the Rhysling Award , which is given by the same organization to horror , fantasy , or science fiction poems of any length . Poems are submitted to the association by the poets , from which approximately 30 are chosen by an editor to be published in an anthology each fall . Members of the association then vote on the published poems , and first through third-place winners are announced . The 2006 anthology was edited by Deborah P. Kolodji , and subsequent anthologies have been edited by an array of editors , including Kolodji , Stephen M. Wilson , Joshua Gage , Geoffrey A. Landis , Linda D. Addison , Sandra J. Lindow , John Amen , Jeannine Hall Gailey , and Lesley Wheeler . During the 11 nomination years , 35 poems by 25 poets have been selected as third place or better , including one three-way tie for second place in 2016 , of which 11 poets have won outright . Jane Yolen has been noted four times , a first and a third place and two second-place results ; Deborah P. Kolodji and Julie Bloss Kelsey have each received a first and a second place ; Greg Beatty a first and a third place ; Sonya Taaffe has received two second-place results ; and Ann K. Schwader has received two third-place results .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c122069a46dc816d48ad0ac2e2a72f8b",
"text": "Anne of Avonlea (1975 film) Anne of Avonlea is a film made for television 4-part mini-series , developed in the United Kingdom by the BBC . It is based on Anne of Avonlea , the sequel to Anne of Green Gables by Lucy Maud Montgomery .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
60af9efbb7624856470aa3acfb77cbb6
|
Tardigrades have been found only in deserts.
|
[
{
"docid": "9b299b2ab4d3cf047ce6c31d62c95092",
"text": "Tardigrade Tardigrades ( -LSB- ˈtɑrdᵻˌgreɪd -RSB- also known as water bears , space bears , or moss piglets ) are water-dwelling , eight-legged , segmented micro-animals . They were first discovered by the German zoologist Johann August Ephraim Goeze in 1773 . The name Tardigrada ( meaning `` slow stepper '' ) was given three years later by the Italian biologist Lazzaro Spallanzani . They have been found everywhere from mountaintops to the deep sea , mud volcanoes , and from tropical rain forests to the Antarctic . Tardigrades are one of the most resilient animals known : they can survive extreme conditions that would be rapidly fatal to nearly all other known life forms . They can withstand temperature ranges from 1 K ( close to absolute zero ) to about 420 K for several minutes , pressures about six times greater than those found in the deepest ocean trenches , ionizing radiation at doses hundreds of times higher than the lethal dose for a human , and the vacuum of outer space . They can go without food or water for more than 30 years , drying out to the point where they are 3 % or less water , only to rehydrate , forage , and reproduce . Tardigrades living in harsh conditions undergo an annual process of cyclomorphosis . They are not considered extremophilic because they are not adapted to exploit these conditions . This means that their chances of dying increase the longer they are exposed to the extreme environments , whereas true extremophiles thrive in a physically or geochemically extreme environment that would harm most other organisms . Usually , tardigrades are about 0.5 mm long when they are fully grown . They are short and plump with four pairs of legs , each with four to eight claws also known as `` disks '' . The first three pairs of legs are directed ventrolaterally and are the primary means of locomotion , while the fourth pair is directed posteriorly on the terminal segment of the trunk and is used primarily for grasping the substrate . Tardigrades are prevalent in mosses and lichens and feed on plant cells , algae , and small invertebrates . When collected , they may be viewed under a very low-power microscope , making them accessible to students and amateur scientists . Tardigrades form the phylum Tardigrada , part of the superphylum Ecdysozoa . It is an ancient group , with fossils dating from 530 million years ago , in the Cambrian period . About 1,150 species of tardigrades have been described . Tardigrades can be found throughout the world , from the Himalayas ( above 6000 m ) , to the deep sea ( below 4000 m ) and from the polar regions to the equator .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "1743d2af213bf9a0e1e9103b7f8a81d2",
"text": "Volcanic desert A volcanic desert is an area devoid of vegetation because of volcanic activity . Usually the term is applied to larger areas such as the Highlands of Iceland or Cordón Caulle in Chile . Volcanic deserts may have enough precipitation to sustain vegetation , but due to repeated covering of tephra after eruptions and high percolation and infiltration rates of water , vegetation is scarce . In addition to this volcanic desert shows often poor or little soil formation due to slow chemical weathering caused by cold climate or resistant felsic tephra . Category : Deserts Category : Volcanic landforms",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8509e7177af4f4f3405191e7709b39b4",
"text": "Chameleon Chameleons or chamaeleons ( family Chamaeleonidae ) are a distinctive and highly specialized clade of Old World lizards with 202 species described as of June 2015 . These species come in a range of colors , and many species have the ability to change color . Chameleons are distinguished by their zygodactylous feet ; their very extensive , highly modified , rapidly extrudable tongues ; their swaying gait ; and crests or horns on their brow and snout . Most species , the larger ones in particular , also have a prehensile tail . Chameleons ' eyes are independently mobile , but in aiming at a prey item , they focus forward in coordination , affording the animal stereoscopic vision . Chameleons are adapted for Climbing and visual hunting . They live in warm habitats that range from rain forest to Desert conditions , with various species occurring in Africa , Madagascar , southern Europe , and across southern Asia as far as Sri Lanka . They also have been introduced to Hawaii , California , and Florida , and often are kept as household pets .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f34c0b7f00cdb30701f3c736c6e4e9ec",
"text": "Dryosaurus Dryosaurus ( -LSB- ˌdraɪoʊ-ˈsɔːrəs -RSB- ; meaning ` tree lizard ' , Greek δρυς / drys meaning ` tree , oak ' and σαυρος / sauros meaning ` lizard ' ; the name reflects the forested habitat , not a vague oak-leaf shape of its cheek teeth as is sometimes assumed ) is a genus of an ornithopod dinosaur that lived in the Late Jurassic period . It was an iguanodont ( formerly classified as a hypsilophodont ) . Fossils have been found in the western United States ( and supposedly the Marnes de Bleville locality in Europe ) , and were first discovered in the late 19th century . Valdosaurus canaliculatus and Dysalotosaurus lettowvorbecki were both formerly considered to represent species of Dryosaurus .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "15e097e7a3ad43e94cb7013270d64d0a",
"text": "High Desert (Oregon) The Oregon high desert is a region of the U.S. state of Oregon , located east of the Cascade Range and south of the Blue Mountains , in the central and eastern parts of the state . Divided into a southern region and a northern region , the desert covers most of five Oregon counties and averages 4000 ft above sea level . The southwest region is part of the Great Basin and the southeast is the lower Owyhee River watershed . The northern region is part of the Columbia Plateau , where somewhat more rainfall allows the largest industry on private land to be the cultivation of alfalfa and hay . Public land within the region is owned primarily by the Bureau of Land Management ( BLM ) , which manages more than 30000 mi2 , including five rivers designated as Wild and Scenic . While the high desert is somewhat dry , it is only arid relative to Western Oregon . The region averages 15 in of annual rainfall ; the Alvord Desert , however , gets only 7 in of rain each year . Contrary to its name , most of the high desert is not dry enough to truly qualify as desert , and biologically , most of the region is classified as scrubland or steppe . At 9733 ft above sea level , the summit of Steens Mountain is the highest point in the high desert . The broad fault-block mountain is characteristic of the basin and range plate tectonics of the high desert . About 16 million years ago , during the early Miocene epoch , lava flows from volcanic eruptions covered about half the surface area of Oregon . The Earth 's crust then began stretching , giving way to further volcanic activity from 15 million to 2 million years ago . Several ice ages over this time formed the large lakes in the high desert . The climate of the high desert provides habitat for mammals such as pronghorn , coyote , mule deer , black-tailed jackrabbit , and cougar . Birds common in the region include sage grouse , California quail , and prairie falcon . The western juniper is the most common tree in the region , and big sagebrush and common woolly sunflower are the region 's most widespread plants .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "48710cf3be00a2184a857ea90abb15d7",
"text": "Gobiderma Gobiderma is an extinct genus of Late Cretaceous lizard whose fossils are known from the Gobi Desert in southern Mongolia . It was first discovered as a result of a joint Polish-Mongolian Paleontological Expedition , and formally named in 1984 . In life , it probably resembled lizards of the genus Heloderma to a large degree , though its skull was more elongated than lizards of that genus .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fd0777e8c4455d5548b70057ab9640de",
"text": "Vegas Valley leopard frog The Vegas Valley leopard frog ( Lithobates fisheri ) is a species of frog previously declared extinct . Once it occurred in the Las Vegas Valley , as well as Tule Springs , Clark County , southern Nevada , United States of America , at elevations between 370 and . It was believed to be the only frog endemic to the United States to have become extinct in modern times . A. Vanderhorst collected 10 specimens of this species at Tule Springs on January 13 , 1942 . These frogs were believed to be the last recorded specimens of the Vegas Valley leopard frog , and are now in the University of Michigan Museum of Comparative Zoology collection . The Vegas Valley leopard frog was considered extinct after extensive searches have failed to locate the species . In 2011 , a genetic analysis using DNA from preserved museum specimens of the Vegas Valley leopard frog revealed it is 100 % identical , genetically , to the northwestern Mogollon Rim populations of the Chiricahua leopard frog ( Lithobates chiricahuensis ) , which is extant but threatened . While it has been extirpated from the Las Vegas area , the frog is no longer considered extinct because it is the same species as the Chiricahua leopard frog . According to nomenclatural priority , the northwestern Mogollon Rim population of L. chiricahuensis , described in 1979 , is referable to the 1893-described , extinct population of the species , L. fisheri . L. chiricahuensis may remain a valid taxon for the southern and eastern range of the Chiricahua leopard frog . It appears then that there are two separate species within the fisheri/chiricahuensis complex - Lithobates fisheri , comprising the former Vegas Valley leopard frogs near Las Vegas and the Chiricahua leopard frogs from the Mogollon Rim , and Lithobates chiricahuensis , comprising the Chiricahua leopard frogs from the southern and eastern portions of the range in Arizona and New Mexico . The status of the Chiricahua leopard frogs in northern Mexico may be uncertain , and this may be yet another separate lineage . The fisheri/chiricahuensis complex has a close relationship with an unnamed leopard frog species called only `` Lithobates species 2 '' known from San Luis Potosí , Mexico .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fab5ae3ec9ca171d95629d270c4961db",
"text": "Gecko Geckos are lizards belonging to the infraorder Gekkota , found in warm climates throughout the world . They range from 1.6 to 60 cm ( 0.64 to 24 inches ) . Most geckos can not blink , but they often lick their eyes to keep them clean and moist . They have a fixed lens within each iris that enlarges in darkness to let in more light . Geckos are unique among lizards in their vocalizations . They use chirping sounds in social interactions with other geckos . They are the most species-rich group of lizards , with about 1,500 different species worldwide . The New Latin gekko and English `` gecko '' stem from the Indonesian-Malay gēkoq , which is imitative of the sound the animals make . All geckos , excluding the Eublepharidae family , lack eyelids and instead have a transparent membrane , which they lick to clean . Nocturnal species have an excellent night vision ; their color vision is 350 times more sensitive than human color vision . The nocturnal geckos evolved from diurnal species which had lost the eye rods . The gecko eye therefore modified its cones that increased in size into different types both single and double . Three different photopigments have been retained and are sensitive to UV , blue , and green . They also use a multifocal optical system that allows them to generate a sharp image for at least two different depths . Most gecko species can lose their tails in defense , a process called autotomy . Many species are well known for their specialised toe pads that enable them to climb smooth and vertical surfaces , and even cross indoor ceilings with ease . Geckos are well-known to people who live in warm regions of the world , where several species of geckos make their home inside human habitations . These ( for example the house gecko ) become part of the indoor menagerie and are often welcomed , as they feed on insects , including moths and mosquitoes . Unlike most lizards , geckos are usually nocturnal . The largest species , the kawekaweau , is only known from a single , stuffed specimen found in the basement of a museum in Marseille , France . This gecko was 60 cm ( 24 in ) long and it was likely endemic to New Zealand , where it lived in native forests . It was probably wiped out along with much of the native fauna of these islands in the late 19th century , when new invasive species such as rats and stoats were introduced to the country during European colonization . The smallest gecko , the Jaragua sphaero , is a mere 1.6 cm long and was discovered in 2001 on a small island off the coast of the Dominican Republic .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2635d6e5e9835c51d5cf31d4639872ff",
"text": "North Africa North Africa is the term given to a group of Mediterranean countries situated in the northern-most region of the African continent . The term `` North Africa '' has no single accepted definition . It is sometimes defined as stretching from the Atlantic shores of Morocco in the west , to the Suez Canal and the Red Sea in the east . Others have limited it to the countries of Morocco , Algeria , and Tunisia , a region known by the French during colonial times as `` Afrique du Nord '' and by the Arabs as the Maghreb ( `` West '' ) . The most commonly accepted definition includes Morocco , Algeria , and Tunisia , as well as Libya and Egypt , It should be noted however that the term `` North Africa '' , when commonly used in North Africa and the Middle East , often refers only to the countries of the Maghreb and Libya . Egypt , due to its greater Middle Eastern associations , is typically viewed separately . The countries of North Africa share a common ethnic , cultural and linguistic identity that is unique to this region . North west Africa has been inhabited by Berbers since the beginning of recorded history , while the eastern part of North Africa has been home to the Egyptians . Following the Muslim conquest in the seventh century C.E. , the region underwent a process of Arabization and Islamization that has defined its cultural landscape ever since . The distinction between North Africa and much of Sub-Saharan Africa is historically and ecologically significant because of the effective barrier created by the Sahara Desert for much of modern history . From 3500 BC , following the abrupt desertification of the Sahara due to gradual changes in the Earth 's orbit , this barrier has culturally separated the North from the rest of the continent . As the seafaring civilizations of the Phoenicians , Greeks , Romans , Muslims and others facilitated communication and migration across the Mediterranean Sea , the cultures of North Africa became much more closely tied to Southwestern Asia and Europe than Sub-Saharan Africa . The Islamic influence in the area is also significant , and North Africa is a major part of the Muslim world . Some researchers have postulated that North Africa rather than East Africa served as the exit point for the modern humans who first trekked out of the continent in the Out of Africa migration .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cda88de95318a286227b588293165951",
"text": "Taruga (amphibian) Taruga is the only foam-nesting tree frog in the Old World Tree frog family ( Rhacophoridae ) that is endemic to Sri Lanka . Genus Taruga was previously assigned to the genus Polypedates . As presently understood , Taruga comprises three named species : T. fastigo , T. eques and T. longinasus . Hence two genera of foam-nesting rhacophorid tree frogs are present in Sri Lanka : ( 1 ) Polypedates , with many species in India and Asia but just two in Sri Lanka ( P. maculatus -- widely distributed in South Asia ; and P. cruciger -- endemic to Sri Lanka , albeit widely distributed ) ; and ( 2 ) Taruga , the Sri Lankan endemic forms , whose three constituent species ( T. eques , T. fastigo and T. longinasus ) each have restricted distributions mostly in the forested highlands . The best character to distinguish the adults of Taruga from Polypedates are a set of prominent cone-like projections around the vent . Furthermore , the supratympanic fold of Taruga is straighter than those in Polypedates . The snout of Taruga is very much acute than that of Polypedates . Considering tadpoles , the vent of Polypedates forms a tube between left leg and tail , and in Taruga , there is no such tube , only an opening between leg and tail . There are also several more features of the mouth cavity , such as the number of projections on the tongue , shape of the tongue etc. that helps to distinguish Taruga from Polypedates . Taruga in Sanskrit ( and early-Sinhala ) means `` tree climber '' . This name is very appropriate as the adults of these are tree inhabiting frogs , and rarely come to the ground . They often even lay their eggs on vegetation overhanging water . All three frogs need shade in the form of a canopy to survive , and shallow and slow flowing streams or puddles to breed . The female of the species builds a foamy nest overhanging water where eggs develop for a few days , after which tadpoles fall into water where they undergo further development until metamorphosis occurs . The juvenile frogs that emerge from water return to an arboreal life , on trees . Sri Lanka is now known to contain clade level endemicity despite many land-bridge connections with India . Taruga is yet another such deeply divergent clade . Following scientists contributed to this paper : Dr. Madhava Meegaskumbura ( Dept. of Zoology , University of Peradeniya , Sri Lanka ) ; Dr. Suyama Meegaskumbura ( Dept. of Zoology , University of Peradeniya ) , Mr. Gayan Bowatte ( Dept. of Zoology , University of Peradeniya ) , Prof. Christopher J. Schneider ( Boston University , USA ) and Prof. James Hanken ( Harvard University , USA ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6658c4055ab3d2d106462008d8a71409",
"text": "Indus Valley Desert The Indus Valley Desert is an almost uninhabited desert ecoregion of northern Pakistan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "64ad233383b6f322628bfbf2e5ee8f3d",
"text": "Camel racing Camel racing is a popular sport in Pakistan , Saudi Arabia , Egypt , Bahrain , Jordan , Qatar , United Arab Emirates , Oman , Australia , and Mongolia . Professional camel racing , like horse racing , is an event for betting and tourist attraction . Camels can run at speeds up to 65 km/h ( 18 m/s ; 40 mph ) in short sprints and they can maintain a speed of 40 km/h ( 11 m/s ; 25 mph ) for an hour . Camels are often controlled by child jockeys , but allegations of human rights abuses have led to nationwide bans on underage labor in the UAE and Qatar . In modern camel racing , camels are often controlled by remote controlled robotic whips . A major camel race is the Camel Cup held at Alice Springs which is the second biggest prize purse camel race in Australia . It is held annually and includes not only the camel races themselves , but also a collection of market stalls and other entertainment . The biggest prize money camel race in Australia is `` The Boulia desert Sands '' with a A$ 25,000 prize purse in Queensland .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "937f7bc2b857b0f0ee6aef1f03f23e4b",
"text": "Tanami Desert The Tanami Desert is a desert in northern Australia situated in the Northern Territory and Western Australia . It has a rocky terrain with small hills . The Tanami was the Northern Territory 's final frontier and was not fully explored by Australians of European descent until well into the twentieth century . It is traversed by the Tanami Track . The name Tanami is thought to be a corruption of the Walpiri name for the area , `` Chanamee '' , meaning `` never die '' . This referred to certain rock holes in the desert which were said to never run dry . Under the name Tanami , the desert is classified as an interim Australian bioregion , comprising 25997277 ha .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "463ec25399ff8bb7ec37cfd64d51a14c",
"text": "Barton Beds Barton Beds ( now the Barton Group ) is the name given to a series of grey and brown clays , with layers of sand , of Upper Eocene age ( around 40 million years old ) , which are found in the Hampshire Basin of southern England . They are particularly well exposed in the cliffs at Barton-on-Sea , which is the world type locality for the Barton Beds , and lends its name to the Bartonian age of the Eocene epoch . The clay is abundant in fossils , especially molluscs . The beds are found in the Hampshire Basin , and are well exposed in the cliffs of Barton , Hordle , and on the Isle of Wight . The cliffs at Barton are the world type locality for the Barton Beds . The beds consist of grey , greenish and brown clays with bands of sand and have long been well known for the abundance and excellent preservation of their fossils . More than 500 species have been recorded , of which , over half are molluscs , including numerous turret shells and lamellibranchs . Sharks teeth are common , and the beds have yielded remains of corals , fishes , mammals , reptiles , and birds . Plant fossils are also abundant . In the 1840s fossils were found in the `` crocodile bed '' at Hordle cliff , which belonged to an extinct species of alligator , which was subsequently named Diplocynodon hantoniensis , after the county of Hampshire ( Hantonia being a Latinization based on the Anglo-Saxon name Hantescire ) . Above the highly fossiliferous Barton Clay , there is a sandy series with few fossils ; these are the Headon Hill or Barton Sands . Today , the Barton Beds are rather poorly exposed in many sections due to coastal protection works . The Barton Beds are of Upper Eocene age , and the area was covered with an inland sea , and the temperature was higher than at the present day . The term `` Bartonian '' was introduced by Karl Mayer-Eymar in 1857 for the continental equivalents of the series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fe92f3083020ced83a53b3bc89bfea7c",
"text": "Unquillosaurus Unquillosaurus ( meaning `` Unquillo river lizard '' ) is a genus of maniraptoran dinosaur from the late Cretaceous Period , discovered in Argentina . Known only from a single fossilized pubis ( a pelvic bone ) , its total body length may have reached 2-3 meters ( 6-10 ft ) . The type species Unquillosaurus ceibalii was described by Jaime Eduardo Powell in 1979 . The generic name is derived from the river Unquillo . The specific name refers to the town El Ceibal . The holotype , PVL 3670-11 , was found at Arroyo-Morterito in the Los Blanquitos Formation dating from the Campanian . It consists of a left pubis , 514 mm long . The specimen was re-studied by Fernando Novas and Federico Agnolin in 2004 , who concluded that the orientation of the pubis had been misinterpreted : it pointed backwards , as was shown by the fossil still being attached to a displaced part of the pubic peduncle of the ilium . Powell originally assigned Unquillosaurus to the Carnosauria , in 1986 . Novas and Agnolin in 2004 concluded from the opisthopubic pelvic anatomy that Unquillosaurus was part of the Maniraptora or at least Maniraptoriformes , and likely closely related to either the Avialae or the bird-like Alvarezsauridae ; perhaps it was itself a bird , a basal member of the Metornithes . In 2006 however , Novas stated that Unquillosaurus probably belonged to the maniraptoran clade Dromaeosauridae .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e8a07eeade6b051a73b8dafaf965f2db",
"text": "Gobi bear The Gobi bear , Ursus arctos gobiensis ( known in Mongolian as the mazaalai / Мазаалай ) is a subspecies of the brown bear , Ursus arctos , that is found in the Gobi Desert of Mongolia . It is listed as critically endangered by Mongolian Redbook of Endangered Species and by the Zoological Society of London using IUCN standards , the population included only around 20 adults and were separated by enough distance . `` Break camp about 9.30 a.m. and head for the Atis Mountains . We cross a large open plain and then enter a steep-sided , black , shale-strewn valley . Just before we entered the valley we discovered the footprints of the extremely rare Gobi Bear ( ursus gobiensis ) -LSB- there are presumed to be approximately only thirty-two in the world and there is continuing debate among scientists over whether they are a true species or a sub-species -RSB- . '' Gobi bears mainly eat roots , berries , and other plants , sometimes rodents , there were no evidence that they ate large mammals . Small compared to other brown bear subspecies , adult males weigh about 96.0 -- and females about 51.0 -- . The Gobi brown bear is sometimes classified as being of the same subspecies as the Tibetan blue bear ; this is based on morphological similarities , and the belief that the desert-dwelling Gobi bear represents a relict population of the blue bear . However , the Gobi bear is sometimes classified as its own subspecies , and closely resembles other Asian brown bears . There are only 22 Gobi bears left .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f988a11a48b8c98c4b17378f4e1cdd93",
"text": "Predator trap A predator trap is a natural hazard such as a tar pit . Predators would become attracted to struggling animals that have become entrapped in viscous or glutinous material , such as a heavy sedimentary deposit or tar and , in the process , become entrapped themselves . More predators , scavengers , insects and birds become attracted to this mounting accumulation of carrion , until a wide variety of animals are caught and ultimately killed by the hazard . This may happen many times over . Typically , the number of lured predators will greatly outnumber the prey , thus providing the name . A famous example is the La Brea Tar Pits site . The Cleveland-Lloyd Dinosaur Quarry may yet prove to be a further example , although still nowadays it is debated if it 's a predator trap or not . The Gobi Desert dinosaur death traps may have been sauropod footprints that have been filled with a mixture of thick mud & sandstone in the former wetland .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e8e328fcc667f5039a0bb6ed62c31b4d",
"text": "Sub-Saharan Africa Sub-Saharan Africa is , geographically , the area of the continent of Africa that lies south of the Sahara . According to the UN , it consists of all African countries that are fully or partially located south of the Sahara . It contrasts with North Africa , whose territories are part of the League of Arab states within the Arab world . Somalia , Djibouti , Comoros and Mauritania are geographically in Sub-Saharan Africa , but are likewise Arab states and part of the Arab world . The Sahel is the transitional zone between the Sahara and the tropical savanna ( the Sudan region ) and forest-savanna mosaic to the south . Since probably 3500 BCE , the Saharan and Sub-Saharan regions of Africa have been separated by the extremely harsh climate of the sparsely populated Sahara , forming an effective barrier interrupted by only the Nile in Sudan , though the Nile was blocked by the river 's cataracts . The Sahara pump theory explains how flora and fauna ( including Homo sapiens ) left Africa to penetrate the Middle East and beyond . African pluvial periods are associated with a `` wet Sahara '' phase during which larger lakes and more rivers existed . The use of the term has been criticized because it refers to the South only by cartography conventions and projects a connotation of inferiority ; a vestige of colonialism , which some say , divided Africa into European terms of homogeneity .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c872286de453284eb15a45a17a462029",
"text": "Arabhar Arabhar , literally `` arab snake '' is a type of snake thought to live near the Arabian Sea . The thing that makes this creature special is its alleged ability to fly . There 's a lot of debate about how the Arabhar actually takes flight . Some reports say it flies using bat-like , leathery wings . Others think it may use some sort of flap or specialized spine that allows it to glide through the air . There are also known snakes belonging to the genus Chrysopelea that `` fly '' through the air by jumping from branch to branch , so it is possible this snake has adapted that ability as well . It is more likely that many reported sightings of Arabhar are simply these flying snakes . Category : Reptile cryptids",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c229966325fcec84af042e15a3197dbb",
"text": "Desert A desert is a barren area of land where little precipitation occurs and consequently living conditions are hostile for plant and animal life . The lack of vegetation exposes the unprotected surface of the ground to the processes of denudation . About one third of the land surface of the world is arid or semi-arid . This includes much of the polar regions where little precipitation occurs and which are sometimes called polar deserts or `` cold deserts '' . Deserts can be classified by the amount of precipitation that falls , by the temperature that prevails , by the causes of desertification or by their geographical location . Deserts are formed by weathering processes as large variations in temperature between day and night put strains on the rocks which consequently break in pieces . Although rain seldom occurs in deserts , there are occasional downpours that can result in flash floods . Rain falling on hot rocks can cause them to shatter and the resulting fragments and rubble strewn over the desert floor is further eroded by the wind . This picks up particles of sand and dust and wafts them aloft in sand or dust storms . Wind-blown sand grains striking any solid object in their path can abrade the surface . Rocks are smoothed down , and the wind sorts sand into uniform deposits . The grains end up as level sheets of sand or are piled high in billowing sand dunes . Other deserts are flat , stony plains where all the fine material has been blown away and the surface consists of a mosaic of smooth stones . These areas are known as desert pavements and little further erosion takes place . Other desert features include rock outcrops , exposed bedrock and clays once deposited by flowing water . Temporary lakes may form and salt pans may be left when waters evaporate . There may be underground sources of water in the form of springs and seepages from aquifers . Where these are found , oases can occur . Plants and animals living in the desert need special adaptations to survive in the harsh environment . Plants tend to be tough and wiry with small or no leaves , water-resistant cuticles and often spines to deter herbivory . Some annual plants germinate , bloom and die in the course of a few weeks after rainfall while other long-lived plants survive for years and have deep root systems able to tap underground moisture . Animals need to keep cool and find enough food and water to survive . Many are nocturnal and stay in the shade or underground during the heat of the day . They tend to be efficient at conserving water , extracting most of their needs from their food and concentrating their urine . Some animals remain in a state of dormancy for long periods , ready to become active again when the rare rains fall . They then reproduce rapidly while conditions are favorable before returning to dormancy . People have struggled to live in deserts and the surrounding semi-arid lands for millennia . Nomads have moved their flocks and herds to wherever grazing is available and oases have provided opportunities for a more settled way of life . The cultivation of semi-arid regions encourages erosion of soil and is one of the causes of increased desertification . Desert farming is possible with the aid of irrigation and the Imperial Valley in California provides an example of how previously barren land can be made productive by the import of water from an outside source . Many trade routes have been forged across deserts , especially across the Sahara Desert , and traditionally were used by caravans of camels carrying salt , gold , ivory and other goods . Large numbers of slaves were also taken northwards across the Sahara . Some mineral extraction also takes place in deserts and the uninterrupted sunlight gives potential for the capture of large quantities of solar energy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0e37e659d0f2652569d4a7212e931b14",
"text": "Eurypterid Eurypterids ( sea scorpions ) are an extinct group of arthropods related to arachnids that include the largest known arthropods to have ever lived . They are members of the extinct order Eurypterida ( Chelicerata ) ; which is the most diverse Paleozoic chelicerate order in terms of species . The name Eurypterida comes from the Greek words eury - ( meaning `` broad '' or `` wide '' ) and pteron ( meaning `` wing '' ) . This name was chosen due to the pair of wide swimming appendages on the first fossil eurypterids discovered . The largest , such as Jaekelopterus , reached 2.5 m in length , but most species were less than 20 cm . They were formidable predators that thrived in warm shallow water , in both seas and lakes , from the mid Ordovician to late Permian . Although informally called `` sea scorpions '' , only the earliest ones were marine ( later ones lived in brackish or freshwater ) , and they were not true scorpions . According to theory , the move from the sea to fresh water had probably occurred by the Pennsylvanian subperiod . Eurypterids are believed to have undergone ecdysis , making their significance in ecosystems difficult to assess , because it can be difficult to tell a fossil moult from a true fossil carcass . They became extinct during the Permian -- Triassic extinction event or sometime before the event . Their fossils have a near global distribution . About two dozen families of eurypterids are known . Perhaps the best-known genus of eurypterid is Eurypterus , of which around 16 fossil species are known . The genus Eurypterus was described in 1825 by James Ellsworth De Kay , a zoologist . He recognized the arthropod nature of the first-ever described eurypterid specimen , found by Dr. S. L. Mitchill . In 1984 , that species , Eurypterus remipes was named the state fossil of New York . Pentecopterus decorahensis , which lived as early as 467.3 million years ago , is the oldest described eurypterid ; with an estimated length of 1.83 m , it has been described as `` the first real big predator '' .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
a81098d86db7a8e5736cb9bb993878d4
|
Bon Scott was in a band.
|
[
{
"docid": "99e9493674c8a0980026908b3676f84c",
"text": "Bon Scott Ronald Belford `` Bon '' Scott ( 9 July 1946 -- 19 February 1980 ) was an Australian rock musician , best known for being the lead singer and lyricist of Australian hard rock band AC/DC from 1974 until his death in 1980 . Scott was born in Forfar , Scotland , and raised in Kirriemuir , before moving to Melbourne with his family in 1952 at the age of six . They lived in the suburb of Sunshine for four years before moving to Fremantle . Scott formed his first band , The Spektors , in 1964 and became the band 's drummer and occasional lead vocalist . He performed in several other bands including The Valentines and Fraternity before replacing Dave Evans as the lead singer of AC/DC in 1974 . AC/DC 's popularity grew throughout the 1970s , initially in Australia , and then internationally . Their 1979 album Highway to Hell reached the top twenty in the United States , and the band seemed on the verge of a commercial breakthrough . However , on 19 February 1980 , Scott died after a night out in London . AC/DC briefly considered disbanding , but the group recruited vocalist Brian Johnson of the British glam rock band Geordie . AC/DC 's subsequent album , Back in Black , was released only five months later , and was a tribute to Scott . It went on to become the second best-selling album in history . In the July 2004 issue of Classic Rock , Scott was rated as number one in a list of the `` 100 Greatest Frontmen Of All Time '' ahead of Freddie Mercury and Robert Plant . Hit Parader ranked Scott as fifth on their 2006 list of the 100 Greatest Heavy Metal Vocalists of all time .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "dee7d55cae9af22df65d458199dfeb25",
"text": "The Animals The Animals are an English rhythm and blues and rock band , formed in Newcastle upon Tyne in the early 1960s . The band moved to London upon finding fame in 1964 . The Animals were known for their gritty , bluesy sound and deep-voiced frontman Eric Burdon , as exemplified by their signature song and transatlantic No. 1 hit single , `` The House of the Rising Sun '' , as well as by hits such as `` We Got ta Get out of This Place '' , `` It 's My Life '' , `` I 'm Crying '' and `` Do n't Let Me Be Misunderstood '' . The band balanced tough , rock-edged pop singles against rhythm and blues-orientated album material . They were known in the US as part of the British Invasion . The Animals underwent numerous personnel changes in the mid-1960s and suffered from poor business management . Under the name Eric Burdon and the Animals , the much-changed act moved to California and achieved commercial success as a psychedelic and hard rock band with hits like `` San Franciscan Nights '' , `` When I Was Young '' and `` Sky Pilot '' , before disbanding at the end of the decade . Altogether , the group had ten Top Twenty hits in both the UK Singles Chart and the US Billboard Hot 100 . The original lineup of Burdon , Alan Price , Chas Chandler , Hilton Valentine and John Steel reunited for a one off benefit concert in their home city of Newcastle in 1968 . They later had brief comebacks in 1975 and 1983 . There have been several partial regroupings of the original era members since then under various names . The Animals were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1f46c95106634d27a14a71f733c33fb0",
"text": "Uncle Bonsai Uncle Bonsai is an American contemporary folk trio from Seattle , Washington . They formed in 1981 , took a hiatus from 1989 - 1998 , and have been performing and recording regularly again since 1999 . Their earlier songs included `` Suzy '' , `` Charlie and Me '' , `` Penis Envy '' , and `` Boys Want Sex in the Morning '' , some of which occasionally resulted in Federal Communications Commission ( FCC ) problems when played on the radio , and twenty-odd songs recounting the life experiences of a character named Doug ( `` Doug 's First Date '' , `` Doug at His Mom 's '' , `` Doug 's First Job '' , `` Doug Engaged '' , `` Doug Gets Married '' , etc. ) . Their more recent works , including `` The Baby 's Head '' , `` The Grim Parade '' , `` 20th Century Man , '' and `` Where 's The Milk '' , focus on the passing of time , the passing of genes , and the passing of pets -- the truth of everything seemingly buried somewhere under the family tree . Uncle Bonsai has headlined at clubs and festivals throughout North America and opened for various artists , including Bonnie Raitt , TOTO , Suzanne Vega , Loudon Wainwright III , and The Bobs . The original members were Andrew Ratshin , Arni Adler , and Ashley O'Keeffe . In March 2007 they announced that they would be recording and performing more frequently , with O'Keeffe replaced by singer/songwriter ( and Mel Cooleys member ) Patrice O'Neill . Most of the satirical songs were written by Ratshin , but Adler revealed her own brand of absurdist wit in several songs , including fan favorites `` Cheerleaders on Drugs '' and `` Do n't Put It In Your Mouth . '' The band 's songs continue to receive airplay on college radio and Dr. Demento . Andrew Ratshin also performs and records solo as ` The Electric Bonsai Band ' ( `` It 's not electric , it 's not a band . '' ) , and as part of a sextet , ` Mel Cooleys ' . His records are available on the Yellow Tail Records label .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "898078813aa5894ab802fa60b327f540",
"text": "Horn section A horn section is a group of musicians playing horns . In an orchestra or concert band , it refers to the musicians who play the `` French '' horn , and in a British-style brass band it is the tenor horn players . In many popular-music genres the term is applied loosely to any group of woodwind or brass instruments , or a combination of woodwinds and brass .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "05238499b57a1ba2a9fde681321b6b69",
"text": "Bonaroo Bonnaroo , or Bon-a-roo , is a New Orleans French Creole slang phrase meaning `` best on the street . '' The phrase is derived from French words `` bon à rue '' , though the phrase does not exist in French . The term may also refer to : Bonnaroo Music Festival founded 2002 , and named after the 1974 album Desitively Bonnaroo 1974 album by Dr. John Bonaroo ( band ) 1970s band Bobby Winkelman and Michael Hossack Bonaroo , 1975 album by Bonaroo ( band ) Bonaroo II , album by Bobby Winkelman after disbanding of Bonaroo ( band )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7400c3f7e08c2562249a500cad6c4ed4",
"text": "Bona Drag Bona Drag is a compilation album by Morrissey released on 15 October 1990 . The album features an array of Morrissey 's most popular songs from his early solo career , most of which had not been released on any previous album . The album name meaning nice outfits is an example of the subculture slang Polari explored further on the album 's first track `` Piccadilly Palare '' . The album was certified Gold by the RIAA on 6 December 2000 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6e337d434305616a752c400a471d6f2e",
"text": "Kansas (band) Kansas is an American rock band that became popular in the 1970s initially on album-oriented rock charts and later with hit singles such as `` Carry On Wayward Son '' and `` Dust in the Wind '' . The band has produced eight gold albums , three multi-platinum albums ( Leftoverture , Point of Know Return , The Best of Kansas ) , one platinum live album ( Two for the Show ) and a million-selling single , `` Dust in the Wind '' . Kansas appeared on the Billboard charts for over 200 weeks throughout the 1970s and 1980s and played to sold-out arenas and stadiums throughout North America , Europe and Japan . `` Carry On Wayward Son '' was the second-most-played track on US classic rock radio in 1995 and No. 1 in 1997 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "de02a7575c74b49a5237bf681bd5d945",
"text": "Burning for Love `` Burning for Love '' is a single by American rock band Bon Jovi . It is taken from their self-titled debut album and was released in Japan only as the third and final single .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "433e8e7cb2b8e13cdd09008c3c40fcfa",
"text": "Scott McCaughey Scott Lewis McCaughey is an American singer and songwriter and the leader of the Seattle and Portland-based bands The Young Fresh Fellows and The Minus 5 . He is also bassist for Robyn Hitchcock 's most recent touring band , The Venus 3 , along with Bill Rieflin ( drums ) and Peter Buck ( guitar ) . In June 2003 Scott recorded a song with Moween ( Peter Schoemaker/Bram van den Berg ) at the IDQ studio in Utrecht , called `` Move on '' . To be found on http://www.moween.eu . In 2008 , McCaughey formed the side band The Baseball Project with Buck , Steve Wynn and Linda Pitmon . Their first album , Volume 1 : Frozen Ropes and Dying Quails , celebrates many aspects of baseball culture , and includes a song in tribute to Pittsburgh Pirates pitcher Harvey Haddix . From 1994 through 2011 , he worked with R.E.M. both on stage and in the studio . While originally brought on as a second guitarist for the Monster tour , McCaughey remained with R.E.M. in various capacities until the band 's dissolution . He contributed to the studio albums New Adventures in Hi-Fi , Up , Reveal , Around the Sun , Accelerate and Collapse into Now . Additionally , he has received credits for his work on the live albums R.E.M. Live and Live at The Olympia album as well as their 2003 greatest hits collection , In Time . When working with R.E.M. , McCaughey played guitar , bass guitar , keyboards , and sang backing vocals . McCaughey also plays in Tuatara , an instrumental group which features Peter Buck from R.E.M.",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f660d15ce40db87493a1d9e95afc0c13",
"text": "The Bills The Bills are a high impact , acoustic folk music quintet from the West Coast of Canada . They have developed a unique sound , blending traditional influences from around North America and the rest of the globe in crafting their own vocal and instrumental music . Formed in 1996 ( as The Bill Hilly Band ) , they have performed extensively throughout North America and Europe . Most recently , in 2012/2013 , the band has embarked on tours in North America to support their 2012 release ( 2013 in the US ) , Yes Please . Though the lineup has had a few changes since the band first formed , the present-day Bills include : Marc Atkinson - mandolin , guitar , vocals Richard Moody - violin , viola , vocals Chris Frye - guitar , lead vocals Adrian Dolan - fiddle , piano , accordion , vocals Scott `` Grampa Bill '' White - upright bass , vocals The group has also toured and recorded with both Joey Smith and Nick Mintenko on bass , and Glen Manders ( `` Reverend Bill Bass '' ) was the bassist and key part of their early success from 1998 to 2008 . The Hamilton Spectator said `` The Bills represent everything that is good about roots music in Canada '' . The Boston Globe wrote `` Their sound is panoramic , mischievous , fiercely unpretentious - and musically splendid '' . And to top it all off , in honour of their legendary live shows and inventive rootsy style , the UK press proclaimed `` The biggest blast of fresh air to come out of Canada since The Band '' ( Glasgow Herald ) and `` Probably the best live act I have ever seen '' ( Maverick Magazine ) . The Bills have their strongest followings in Western Canada , the Western US ( particularly Northern California ) , Ontario and the UK .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "706dfd1d597ab227e95e65cf29c4dc45",
"text": "Hearts & Flowers Hearts & Flowers was a Los Angeles folk rock club band , perhaps most significant as one of the groups that launched the career of Eagles ' founding member and guitarist-songwriter , Bernie Leadon . The lineup included Larry Murray ( vocals , guitar ) , Dave Dawson ( vocals , guitar , autoharp ) , and Rick Cunha ( vocals , guitar ) . The individual members met at the ongoing Monday night jam sessions being held at The Troubador over which Murray presided . Cunha and Dawson , who played in a duo , were newcomers as recent transplants to the area from Hawaii . After a few informal picking sessions , the trio gelled and started performing . `` We had a unique sound , a very strange sound , particularly because we found what we did best was old , traditional , country hillbilly music , Murray told John Einarson . `` That became the core of what we did , the three of us , and we took it from there . '' The group 's sound was described as `` Merle Haggard-meets-Sgt . Pepper '' as a result of the wide-ranging influences each member brought to Hearts & Flowers . This included the aforementioned Haggard , plus Buck Owens , The Louvin and Everly brothers , The Country Gentlemen , The Beatles , and Bob Dylan . With such unorthodox influences -- plus the fact that the band featured autoharp -- , the group was torn about the direction it wanted to take . `` Had it been up to us , we would have gone way country , '' said Cunha . `` We wanted it to be commercial and fit into the pop market , but left to our own devices it would have been even more country . Production changed what we would have done . '' Meanwhile , Hearts & Flowers was influencing local musicians who heard them in various folk clubs around the Los Angeles area . This included several people who would later be credited with developing the then-germinating Southern California country-rock sound . Jim Messina ( Buffalo Springfield , Poco , Loggins and Messina ) says , `` Those three guys were probably the closest thing to what we were all flowing into . They were the cutting edge of where the rest of us were going . They were the black that did n't quite have the edge sharped on it yet . I got my first Telecaster from Rick Cunha . '' The group signed a deal with Capitol Records ' Folk World label in December 1966 . Once in the studio , the trio was filled out with studio musicians and steered into a more folk direction . On the road , the group would be augmented with an ever-changing series of musicians including Terry Paul ( Kris Kristofferson ) , Pete Carr ( The Hour Glass ) , and Karen Carpenter ( The Carpenters ) . Tensions over the direction of the group eventually came to a head . Cunha left the group in Fall 1967 to write country music and produce . Leadon replaced Cunha for the second album in 1968 . Leadon was well known to Murray as they had played in the Scottsville Squirrel Barkers , a San Diego bluegrass group responsible for launching both those members ' careers as well as those of Chris Hillman ( The Byrds , The Flying Burrito Brothers , Manassas ) and Kenny Wertz ( The Flying Burrito Brothers , Country Gazette ) . Among venues they played during the mid-1960s , were Los Angeles clubs Ledbetter 's , Doug Weston 's Troubadour , The Whisky-a-Go-Go , and the Ash Grove , primarily as an opening act . Some of the groups with whom they shared a bill included The Doors , Bill Monroe , The Buffalo Springfield , and Blue Cheer . After recording two albums without major success , the group disbanded in 1968 . Murray claims the group was `` in a rut '' and each member was working with other , different musicians . `` But for a simple twist of fate , we could have been huge . We had what it took , we had a lot of charisma , the personality of the group was amazing . But I do n't think we were focused business-wise . We tended to go with losers , because they were less high-pressure , and we dodged the real pressure people whose asses we should have been kissing . But you do what you do . Everything we did seemed like a good idea at the time . '' The timing of the break-up could n't have been worse . It was just prior to the release of the seminal country-rock album by The Byrds , Sweetheart of the Rodeo , and the subsequent formation of The Flying Burrito Brothers , both of which are credited with popularizing the genre .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "799a5f88766b7d12e21f774649435bfe",
"text": "Yorkshire Imperial Band The Yorkshire Imperial Band , also known as the Yorkshire Imperial Urquhart Travel Band ( from current sponsors David Urquhart Travel ) and the Yorkshire Imps , is a brass band from West Yorkshire , England . Other names used have included Yorkshire Imperial Metals Band , IMI Yorkshire Imperial Band , Yorkshire Imperial David Urquhart Travel Band and DUT Yorkshire Imperial Band . The band was formed in the 1930s as the Yorkshire Copper Works Band based at the Yorkshire Copper Works in Stourton , Leeds , and was renamed when Yorkshire Imperial Metals was created in 1958 , owned by Yorkshire Copper Works and ICI Metals Division . The Rothwell Temperance Band was founded in 1881 , when the drinkers and non-drinkers of the Rothwell Model Band , established in 1841 or earlier , divided to form two bands , the other being the Rothwell Old Band . In 1999 it was renamed the Wallace Arnold ( Rothwell ) Band , reflecting sponsorship by coach tour operator Wallace Arnold . The then `` B '' band retained the name Rothwell Temperance Band and still exists . In 2000 the Wallace Arnold ( Rothwell ) Band merged with the Yorkshire Imperial Band , which became for some time the Yorkshire Imperial DUT ( Rothwell ) Band . the band was ranked 9th in Yorkshire and 50th in the world in listings at brass band website 4barsrest . com . The band has made many recordings , going back as far as the 1967 CBS Yorkshire Brass . The band 's logo shows an imp sitting on a Yorkshire rose .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f70237c60686e9c441b62df5d604d09f",
"text": "Earth, Wind & Fire Earth , Wind & Fire ( EWF ) is an American band that has spanned the musical genres of R&B , soul , funk , jazz , disco , pop , rock , Latin and African . They are one of the most successful bands of all time . Rolling Stone Magazine described them as `` innovative , precise yet sensual , calculated yet galvanizing '' and declared that the band `` changed the sound of black pop '' . The band was founded in Chicago by Maurice White in 1970 , having grown out of a previous band known as The Salty Peppers . Other members have included Philip Bailey , Verdine White , Ralph Johnson , Larry Dunn , Al McKay and Andrew Woolfolk . The band has received 20 Grammy nominations ; they won six as a group and two of its members , Maurice White and Bailey , won separate individual awards . Earth , Wind & Fire have 12 American Music Awards nominations and four awards . They have been inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and the Vocal Group Hall of Fame , received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame , and have sold over 100 million records , making them one of the world 's best-selling bands of all time . Five members of Earth , Wind & Fire were also inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame : Maurice White , Philip Bailey , Verdine White , Larry Dunn and Al McKay . The music industry and fans have bestowed Lifetime Achievement honors from the American Society of Composers , Authors and Publishers ( Rhythm & Soul Heritage Award -- 2002 ) , NAACP ( Hall of Fame -- 1994 ) and the BET Awards ( Lifetime Achievement Award -- 2002 ) . Earth , Wind & Fire is known for the dynamic sound of their horn section , their energetic and elaborate stage shows , and the interplay between the contrasting vocals of Philip Bailey 's falsetto and Maurice White 's tenor . The kalimba ( African thumb piano ) is played on all of the band 's albums . In the 1970s and early 1980s , the band had many hits , including `` Shining Star '' , `` That 's the Way of the World '' , `` Devotion '' , `` Reasons '' , `` Sing a Song '' , `` Ca n't Hide Love '' , `` Getaway '' , `` Fantasy '' , `` Love 's Holiday '' , `` September '' , `` Boogie Wonderland '' , `` After the Love Has Gone '' , and `` Let 's Groove '' . Two Earth , Wind & Fire classic songs have been inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame : `` That 's the Way of the World '' ( 2004 ) and `` Shining Star '' ( 2007 ) . The band is also known as having been the first African-American act to sell out Madison Square Garden and to receive the MSG Gold Ticket Award . President Barack Obama invited Earth , Wind & Fire to perform at the White House for the first social event of the new administration .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a2d09ee82a12e6bc109c52425f3a4140",
"text": "The Prime Movers (Michigan band) The Prime Movers were a blues band based in the Ann Arbor , Michigan , formed in 1965 . The band originally consisted of Michael Erlewine ( lead singer , harmonica ) , Dan Erlewine ( lead guitar ) , Robert Sheff ( keyboards ) , Robert Vinopal ( bass ) , and Michael `` Spider '' Wynn ( drums ) . Vinopal left soon after the band 's formation and was replaced by Jack Dawson . Wynn left a short time later and was replaced by James Osterberg , who would later become famous as Iggy Pop . When he joined the Prime Movers Osterberg took the name `` Iggy '' , from his previous band The Iguanas . The Prime Movers played throughout the Midwest . In 1966 , the band frequented blues clubs in Chicago where they saw blues legends like Little Walter , Magic Sam , Big Walter Horton , and many other bluesmen perform live . Courted by a subsidiary of Motown Records who wanted to promote them as a white group playing `` black '' music , the band refused to cooperate , preferring to study and perform classic Chicago-style blues than to record songs that were fed to them by Motown . A consequence of this is that they were not professionally recorded . ( Recordings made by the band and fans surfaced years later , including a recording of Iggy Pop singing the Muddy Waters song `` I 'm a Man . '' ) The Prime Movers played a significant part in helping to host the first two Ann Arbor Blues Festivals , in 1969 and 1970 , which were the first ( and largest ) blues festivals ( in terms of the number of great bluesman who performed ) in the U.S. Michael Erlewine interviewed dozens of the performers , and the spirit of these early festivals carried over into the Ann Arbor Blues & Jazz Festival in 1972 , 1973 , and 1974 . Members of the band were also involved in the 1972 festival . As time passed , the Prime Movers became kind of the elder statesmen in the burgeoning Ann Arbor music scene , working with the younger groups , and playing with visiting artists like Jerry Garcia . They frequently shared the bill with the MC5 . In the Midwest , the band played at Detroit clubs like the Grande Ballroom , the Living End , the Chessmate , and the Wisdom Tooth . They also appeared frequently at Mother Blues in Chicago as well as other Michigan clubs like the 5th Dimension , Mothers , Schwaben Inn , Depot House , Town Bar , and Clint 's Club , and Mr. Flood 's Party . In 1967 , the band toured the West Coast and spent the Summer of Love in San Francisco , living at the Sausalito Heliport , and playing at places like The Matrix , The Straight Theater , the Haight A , New Orleans House , and the Fillmore West , where they opened for Cream . Iggy Pop was replaced by Jesse Crawford in early 1967 . Crawford later became famous as the MC for the MC5 , belting out the phrase `` Kick out the jams , Motherfucker ... '' that kicked off their shows . The band went through some 37 members , and broke up by 1970 . The Erlewine brothers continued to play around the Ann Arbor area for some years after that . Michael Erlewine had a solo piano act as late as 1971 , and went on to found the popular All-Music Guide , while Dan Erlewine became an accomplished luthier and prolific author on guitar repair , notably for Guitar Player magazine .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "342a70e1544c351f2c6a29d9e28789c7",
"text": "Scott McCord William Scott McCord ( born April 19 , 1971 ) is a Canadian actor , voice actor , musician , and composer currently based in Brooklyn . He is also Co-Artistic Director of Criminal Theatre . A versatile performer , he has appeared in the films 16 Blocks , Shoot 'Em Up and the animated feature The Nut Job . On television , he is best known for his voice over work in popular animated series . He plays Dan Kuso in Bakugan Battle Brawlers , Tetsuya Watarigani in Beyblade Metal Fusion , Owen and Trent in Fresh Animation 's Total Drama series , Skull Boy in Ruby Gloom and most recently , Jake in the animated TVOKids/Nickelodeon television series , PAW Patrol . In 2016 , he won the Canada Screens Award for Best Performance in an Animated Series for his role as Squidgy on Guru 's Justin Time . In 2002 he was nominated for a Dora Mavor Moore Award with Best Performance by a Male in Independent Theatre for his performance in Jacob Richmond 's The Qualities of Zero . He has released two albums , the solo effort Blues For Sunshine ( 2009 ) and Scott McCord and the Bonafide Truth ( 2012 ) . The latter is also the name of the soul/jazz/blues / rock eight piece band that was created for touring the first album . Scott McCord and the Bonafide Truth were nominated for Best Artist of the Year at the 2010 Maple Blues Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4c2ce80b5f73bb3e0c33a1c1d7cc3443",
"text": "Live from London (Bon Jovi) Live From London is a live concert video from the American rock band Bon Jovi . It was the band 's first concert video and was shot at Wembley Stadium on June 25 , 1995 in front of 72,000 fans on the These Days Tour . Directed by David Mallet and produced by Andy Picheta , the release shows Bon Jovi performing some of their staple live hits , and also some songs from their album These Days . The approximate running time is 90 minutes , as some songs from the concert were cut from this release . For the production , Mallett and Picheta earned a nomination for Best Long Form Music Video at the 39th Annual Grammy Awards . The last track `` These Days '' is a music video featuring concert clips rather than a live performance .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5237881f2e5622eb81bbe6fb57203381",
"text": "The Section (band) The Section are a US instrumental rock band formed in the early 1970s by musicians Danny Kortchmar , Craig Doerge , Leland Sklar , and Russ Kunkel . They are best known for both studio and stage work in support of some of the best selling solo singers of that decade . Their frequent appearances on the records of artists signed to Asylum Records made them the label 's de facto house band . Their close association with the singer-songwriter and soft rock genres of the 1970s also led to their alternate moniker of `` The Mellow Mafia . '' They appeared together and individually on albums by Linda Ronstadt , Crosby & Nash , James Taylor , Carole King , Jackson Browne , Warren Zevon , and acted as back-up band on their tours . Other musicians closely associated with The Section include guitarist Waddy Wachtel , bassist Tim Drummond and multi-instrumentalist David Lindley . By the 1980s , the group stopped working together collectively , though as individuals they continued to play prominent roles in the studio and on tour with many of the most popular solo acts of the decade , including Phil Collins ( who collaborated with Sklar frequently starting with 1985 's No Jacket Required album and subsequent tour ) , Stevie Nicks ( whose landmark Bella Donna album features guitar work from Wachtel , who continues to work with her as her musical director ) , and Don Henley ( who used Kortchmar 's skills on numerous instruments on his Building the Perfect Beast album ) . Beside their supporting work for other musicians , The Section also released three albums of their own , consisting of mostly instrumental music .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4df4ae05733e0d2697a9c0c5e72761a4",
"text": "Lost Highway (Bon Jovi album) Lost Highway is the tenth studio album by American rock band Bon Jovi , released on June 19 , 2007 through Island Records . Produced by John Shanks and Dann Huff , the album was recorded at Black Bird Studios , Nashville and NGR Recording , Hollywood . The album influences the band 's rock sound with that of country music following the success of a country version of the band 's 2006 single `` Who Says You Ca n't Go Home '' , a duet with Jennifer Nettles , which reached No. 1 on the U.S. country chart in May 2006 . Following the success had with the duet version of `` Who Says You Ca n't Go Home '' , there are two songs on the album produced in collaboration with other artists , namely `` We Got It Going On '' featuring Big & Rich and the single `` Till We Ai n't Strangers Anymore '' featuring LeAnn Rimes . Described by Jon Bon Jovi as a `` Bon Jovi album influenced by Nashville '' , the album debuted at No. 1 on the Billboard 200 , becoming Bon Jovi 's first ever album to debut at No. 1 and their third album to reach that position in the United States . The album was nominated for Best Pop Vocal Album at the 2008 Grammy Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f1e8dc407522648f1ca3d80f9a370f20",
"text": "Splendor Solis (album) Splendor Solis ( 1993 ) is The Tea Party 's second album , and their first major label release on EMI Music Canada . The overall tone of the album is very organic and natural , with many songs featuring 6 - and 12-string guitar acoustic guitars , and very little in terms of electronic effects or production techniques . The album draws heavily on the rock and blues of the 1970s , as well as displaying some psychedelic influences . As a result , The Tea Party was often compared to Led Zeppelin , a parallel that was reinforced by Jeff Martin playing guitar with a violin bow ( not unlike Jimmy Page ) on `` Save Me '' . Martin 's appearance , voice and singing style also drew comparisons to those of Jim Morrison , as did some of the album 's lyrics . `` Sure , '' said Stuart Chatwood said of these comparisons `` we draw from 70s rock as much as the other influences we 've talked about . You ca n't ignore the power that Led Zeppelin or The Doors had , and there are elements of those influences in our songs , but it 's a cop out to then write us off as some retro act . If people listen closely , they 'll appreciate the originality of what we 're doing , time changes . The fact that Jeff 's a rock baritone does n't justify the laziness of critics who slag him as a Morrison wanna-be . '' Splendor Solis sold very well in Canada , reaching # 20 on the Canadian album chart and platinum status in 1994 ( now double platinum in 2000 ) , and earning a Juno nomination for `` Best Hard Rock Album '' . The band was also nominated for `` Best New Group '' . Splendor Solis was also The Tea Party 's first gold selling album in Australia , where the band had enjoyed great success throughout their career .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cf599f95bad6950034bd36b25270a9ca",
"text": "22, A Million 22 , A Million is the third studio album by American indie folk band Bon Iver , released on September 30 , 2016 . It was recorded in Justin Vernon 's April Base studio in Eau Claire , Wisconsin , and marked a shift in the band 's sound -- incorporating elements of electronic music , hip-hop , and soul and making extensive use of samples , synths , and effects . First premiered at Vernon 's Eaux Claires Music Festival , the album debuted at number 2 on the Billboard 200 and received widespread acclaim from critics , who praised its original sound and colorful lyricism . Several publications , including Pitchfork , Rolling Stone , and The Guardian , listed 22 , A Million as one of the best albums of 2016 . It also received nominations for Best Alternative Music Album and Best Recording Package at the 2017 Grammy Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3a71bb59827e6577177d24ea1a62ce2a",
"text": "'Til the Band Comes In 'Til the Band Comes In is the sixth studio album by the American solo artist Scott Walker . It was released in December 1970 but failed to chart . Three singles were released from the album . The title track backed with `` Jean the Machine '' was released in the Netherlands . `` Jean the Machine '' and `` Thanks For Chicago Mr. James '' were each released in Japan . No singles were released in the UK . The release is a loose concept album about the inhabitants of a tenement . Walker wrote the songs for the album quickly while on a working holiday in Greece in September 1970 . The album was recorded late that same year between September and November 1970 with Walker 's usual Philips studio team consisting of producer Johnny Franz , engineer Peter J. Olliff and Wally Stott and Peter Knight directing the musical arrangements . Receiving negative reviews the album was first released as an LP in December 1970 . The album was deleted and was not available for over twenty-five years . The album was later reassessed much more favourably and was eventually reissued in the UK on CD by BGO Records in August 1996 , with new liner notes . This new edition fell out of print before a second CD re-issue followed in 2008 by the US label Water Records . The album was re-issued again on 3 June 2013 as part of a 5-CD set entitled Scott - The Collection 1967-1970 . The original liner notes were by Walker 's then-manager Ady Semel with cover photography by Michael Joseph .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
4aaf243f92c2cd872e9de7064c1d471b
|
It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia premiered in 2005.
|
[
{
"docid": "68bbb5b4e640116b445c68773bca30b2",
"text": "It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia It 's Always Sunny in Philadelphia is an American television black comedy sitcom that premiered on FX on August 4 , 2005 . It moved to FXX beginning with the ninth season , and has remained there since . It was created by Rob McElhenney , who developed it with Glenn Howerton . It is executive produced and primarily written by McElhenney , Howerton , and Charlie Day , all of whom star alongside Kaitlin Olson and Danny DeVito . The series follows the exploits of `` The Gang '' , a group of self-centered friends who run the Irish bar Paddy 's Pub in South Philadelphia . The series was renewed for a twelfth season that premiered on January 4 , 2017 . On April 1 , 2016 , the series was renewed for a thirteenth and fourteenth season , which will tie it with The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet as the longest running live-action sitcom in American TV history .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "65630b07ff238384da573e7c4c5838a3",
"text": "Architecture of Philadelphia The architecture of Philadelphia is a mix of historic and modern styles that reflect the city 's history . The first European settlements appeared within the present day borders of Philadelphia , Pennsylvania in the 17th century with most structures being built from logs . By the 18th century brick structures had become common . Georgian and later Federal style buildings dominated much of the cityscape . In the first half of the 19th century , Greek revival appeared and flourished with architects such as William Strickland , John Haviland , and Thomas U. Walter . In the second half of the 19th century , Victorian architecture became popular with the city 's most notable Victorian architect being Frank Furness . Steel and concrete skyscrapers appeared in the first decades of the 20th century and glass and granite skyscrapers towards the end of the century . Construction continued into the 21st century with the city tallest building , the Comcast Center . Philadelphia made significant contributions in the architecture of the United States . The row house was introduced to the United States via Philadelphia in the 17th century , the United States ' first International style skyscraper was built in Philadelphia , and one of the most important examples of Postmodern architecture , Robert Venturi 's Guild House , is located in the city .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3c99d694878b886e35bb7b80a85386da",
"text": "West Oak Lane, Philadelphia West Oak Lane is a neighborhood in the Upper Northern section of Philadelphia . The neighborhood was developed primarily between the early 1920s and late 1930s , with the areas near to Cedarbrook constructed after World War II . At the northeast corner of Limekiln Pike and Washington Lane was the site of the Cedar Park Inn , an historic tavern built in the early 19th century , which was torn down sometime after 1931 as the neighborhood was being fully developed . Although it was predominately Caucasian from its inception until the mid-1960s , West Oak Lane is now one of Philadelphia 's middle-class African American communities . The neighborhood is known throughout the city for its jazz festival . The West Oak Lane Jazz Festival has been held in mid-June since 2003 . Artists such as Chaka Khan , Teena Marie , Jeffrey Osbourne and Chrisette Michele have performed at the West Oak Lane Jazz Festival . However , since March 2012 , the West Oak Lane Jazz Festival has been cancelled . `` The festival was never supposed to be something that was going to last forever , '' the Ogontz Avenue Revitilization Corporation ( OARC ) director of marketing and public relations Naja Killebrew stated . `` We accomplished everything we wanted to do with it . '' The neighborhood has distinct architecture that separates it from surrounding neighborhoods . Along with larger and sometimes detached houses , West Oak Lane also has many tree-lined streets and small yards . In 2005 , the 19126 and 19138 ZIP codes , which contain West Oak Lane , had a median home sale price of $ 113,200 . This was a 34-percent increase over the median price in 2004 . The median home sale price as of April 2015 was $ 122,941 , which was a 1.2 % percent increase from the previous year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f8f202eb1057c919c54377c80851b4b0",
"text": "Penn & Teller: Off the Deep End Penn & Teller : Off the Deep End is a two-hour special that premiered on NBC on November 13 , 2005 . It featured magicians Penn & Teller performing a variety of illusions in various locations around the Caribbean , most of which were done underwater or involved marine animals . It also featured a performance by musician Aaron Carter .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "92187b71026f561708851159be185214",
"text": "Theatre Suburbia Theatre Suburbia is a theatre company in the Oak Forest area of Houston , Texas . It presents a full year of theatrical productions in a community-operated theatre . Theatre Suburbia is Northwest Houston 's longest running all-volunteer playhouse . Having produced over 355 shows , 2014-2015 is their 54th season . Throughout the years , they have endeavored to provide quality live theatre to the Houston area , trying to reach as many as possible by providing a wide variety of plays as well as the unique sets custom designed for each show . Theatre Suburbia is a small theatre , but that only refers to their physical space , not the quality of live theatre they provide . Each season , Theatre Suburbia brings seven plays to life , remaining dark for only two weekends between productions . They have produced plays by Richard Alfieri , Norm Foster , Sam Bobrick , Philip Barry , Agatha Christie , and many more . Tickets are very reasonably priced and they offer season ticket packages as well as group , senior , and student rates . Performances run on Fridays and Saturdays for five weekends ( six for the summer mellerdrammer ) and include two Sunday matinees ( four for the summer mellerdrammer ) . Having produced a variety of works including classics , heavy dramas , dark comedies , light comedies , mysteries , children 's shows , and the ever popular mellerdrammer , versatility seems to be the theme of Theatre Suburbia 's show selections . Additionally , they are willing to consider any script or to try something new , having produced a number of works by the local playwright community ( some of which have gone on to be published ) and promote the local talent pool here in Houston . The theatre is supported by box office sales , memberships , patronage , corporate donations , and occasional grants . But the theatre 's biggest support comes from an ever-changing group of dedicated and willing individuals working diligently to do whatever is needed to continue bringing quality theatre to the Houston community . In 2008 , the theatre moved from their original location at 1410 West 43rd Street to their permanent location near the intersection of West 43rd Street and the Hempstead Highway :",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cf25e9900271154d29e7473edc3175a6",
"text": "Broad Humor Film Festival The Broad Humor Film Festival is a film festival that takes place every year in Los Angeles , California . It focuses exclusively on comedic films written and directed by women . Begun in 2005 , it is held yearly in the summer months and brings together female writers and directors for a weekend of screenings , readings and events with the aim of fostering greater opportunity for women as the creators of film content . The festival has film and screenplay competitions for both feature-length and short films . Projects can be narrative or documentary . In addition , the festival offers continuing support to festival filmmakers and writers through its Legacy Program , a series of initiatives encouraging alumnae to create and screen new work .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3ee84c8b50248e183659048a017318d5",
"text": "Edmond (film) Edmond is a 2005 American drama film directed by Stuart Gordon and starring William H. Macy , based on the 1982 play Edmond by David Mamet . Mamet also wrote the screenplay for the film . Edmond features Julia Stiles , Rebecca Pidgeon , Denise Richards , Mena Suvari , Joe Mantegna , Bai Ling , Jeffrey Combs , Dylan Walsh and George Wendt in supporting roles . It was screened at several film festivals from September 2005 to May 2006 , and had a limited release on July 14 , 2006 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d37de807d9b2059ff95869145b407f9c",
"text": "Theatre Tulsa Theatre Tulsa , Inc. is a community theatre company in Tulsa , Oklahoma , USA . Theatre Tulsa , the longest running community theatre west of the Mississippi and seventh in the nation , has had a prosperous but sometimes difficult history . The theatre has survived multiple wars , fires , and economic depressions . Theatre Tulsa started as a small community theatre that played shows in a tent , and grew to the largest community theatre in the nation in the 1970s , followed by years of decline and a recent re-invigoration that includes the new creation of a Broadway Series main stage season , a Next Stage series season composed of new works , and a Family Series season for children , families , and arts education programming . Tulsa Little Theatre was incorporated December . 10 , 1922 by Mrs. Bonnie Reed and Mrs. Hope Holway . Despite the Great Depression , the group managed to raise money to build a theater which was christened with a performance of The Cradle Song in February 1932 . Two years later , the group incorporated as Tulsa Little Theatre . Struggling through the next few years , the theater survived a threatened bank foreclosure in 1935 after a number of donors stepped in , and in 1940 the theater paid off its mortgage . During World War II , it produced shows for military camps and veterans ' hospitals . Tulsa Little Little Theatre prospered , and by 1959 was the largest non-professional theater company in the country . In 1964 , its membership was 8,000 strong . By 1972 it had the largest community theater membership in the nation and had counted 1.5 million members over the past 50 years . In 1974 Tulsa Little Theatre changed its name to Theatre Tulsa , Inc. . Theatre Tulsa remains active today producing 10 productions a year that include modern and classic dramas , comedies , and musicals . Theatre Tulsa has had many firsts ; it was the first community theater in the country to premiere Our Town ( 1939 ) and All My Sons ( 1947 ) ; the musical Brownstone ( 1985 ) ; `` Miracle on 34th Street : A Musical Adaptation '' ( a 1993 original musical written for Theatre Tulsa ) ; `` I Love You , You 're Perfect , Now Change '' ( 2003 ) ; and the first American production of Pitmen Painters ( 2011 ) . Theatre Tulsa 's production of Forever Plaid sold out more than 400 shows in 1995 and 1996 . Some noted performers , including Jeanne Tripplehorn , Kristin Chenoweth and Sam Harris , received their first stage experience with Theatre Tulsa .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2dd8a3dd71f3e3b3d216cce894e76f29",
"text": "Nikos Psacharopoulos Nikos Psacharopoulos ( born Athens , January 18 , 1928 , died St. John , U.S. Virgin Islands , on January 12 , 1989 ) was an American theater producer , director , and educator . Born Nickolas Konstantin Athanasios Psacharopoulos VII , he claimed to have organized his first theatrical troupe at age 15 under the Nazi occupation of his homeland . He moved to the United States in 1947 and attended Oberlin College where he directed productions for the Oberlin Mummers . He graduated in 1951 with a degree in art history . Three years later he received a Master of Fine Arts Degree in theater direction from the Yale Drama School . In 1955 , he joined the faculty of Yale 's undergraduate theater studies department and also taught in the graduate Drama School , where he remained until his death of colon cancer at age 60 . Psacharopoulos was a co-founder of the Williamstown Theater Festival ( WTF ) in 1955 , based in the Adams Memorial Theater on the campus of Williams College . Psacharopoulos went on to serve as WTF 's sole artistic executive director for 33 years , creating a professional summer theater that was more than a typical summer stock escapist operation . He was aided for many years by Tom Brennan , who served as the WTF associate director . Under Psacharopoulos ' leadership , WTF specialized in the plays of Anton Chekhov and Bertolt Brecht , as well as the work of many classic American playwrights such as Tennessee Williams , Thornton Wilder , Arthur Miller , and Archibald MacLeish . Psacharopoulos traveled often between his Greek homeland and New York City , his main residence , where he staged theater productions with the Circle-in-the-Square , the New York Pro Musica , and City Opera . Psacharopoulos ' international reputation and demanding artistry drew many famous actors to perform with the WTF , names such as Frank Langella , Kate Burton , Rosemary Harris , Blythe Danner , and Colleen Dewhurst . To all -- his `` stars '' and apprentices -- he was a man of great style , a gourmet who would excuse himself from a table of friends to confer with a restaurant 's chef ; he was something of a dandy who , nevertheless , was always addressed simply as `` Nikos . '' Many directors and leaders of American theater were inspired by Nikos ' guidance . Each year he would choose an assistant from his students at Yale to accompany him to WTF to experience their first seasons as professional directors . Peter H. Hunt , Austin Pendleton , Keith Fowler , and Arvin Brown are among those who first served with Nikos .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7f3c0cd7d42e6b5ce994653a12070383",
"text": "As the World Turns As the World Turns ( often referred to as ATWT ) is an American television soap opera that aired on CBS for 54 years from April 2 , 1956 , to September 17 , 2010 . Irna Phillips created As the World Turns as a sister show to her other soap opera Guiding Light . Running for 54 years , As the World Turns holds the second-longest continuous run of any daytime network soap opera on American television , surpassed only by Guiding Light . As the World Turns was produced for the first 43 years in Manhattan and in Brooklyn from 2000 until 2010 . Set in the fictional town of Oakdale , Illinois , the show debuted on April 2 , 1956 , at 1:30 pm EST. . Prior to that date , all serials had been 15 minutes in length . As the World Turns and The Edge of Night , which premiered on the same day at 4:30 pm EST , were the first two to be 30 minutes in length from their premiere . At first , viewers did not respond to the new half-hour serial , but ratings picked up in its second year , eventually reaching the top spot in the daytime Nielsen ratings by fall 1958 . In 1959 , the show started a streak of weekly ratings wins that was not interrupted for over 12 years . The show switched to color on August 21 , 1967 , and expanded from a half-hour in length to one hour starting on December 1 , 1975 , when The Edge of Night moved to ABC . In the year-to-date ratings , As the World Turns was the most-watched daytime drama from 1958 until 1978 , with ten million viewers tuning in each day . At its height , core actors such as Helen Wagner , Don MacLaughlin , Don Hastings , and Eileen Fulton became nationally known . Three of these actors -- Wagner , Hastings , and Fulton -- are also the three longest serving actors in the history of American soap operas . The show passed its 10,000 th episode on May 12 , 1995 , and celebrated its 50th anniversary on April 2 , 2006 . On September 18 , 2009 , As the World Turns became the last remaining Procter and Gamble-produced soap opera for CBS after Guiding Light aired its final episode on the network . On December 8 , 2009 , CBS announced that it cancelled As the World Turns after almost 54 years due to low ratings . The show taped its final Procter and Gamble scenes for CBS on June 23 , 2010 , and with a dramatic storyline finale , its final episode on the network aired on September 17 , 2010 . On October 18 , 2010 , CBS replaced As the World Turns with a newly debuted talk show The Talk .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2fce4281b68ddd2232a068b43d2358c7",
"text": "Glasgow Film Festival The Glasgow Film Festival is an annual film festival based in Glasgow , Scotland . The festival began in 2005 . By 2015 , the festival had seen audience figures top 40,000 for two consecutive years .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8ceac1064fdc2ebb492e85c6ea933d1b",
"text": "Podcast Awards The People 's Choice Podcast Awards , better known as the Podcast Awards , are a set of United States-centric awards given annually to the best podcasts as voted by the general public . Founded in 2005 by Todd Cochrane of Podcast Connect Inc. , the Podcast Awards were bought by New Media Expo in September 2014 . The first Podcast Awards show was held in 2006 ( awarding shows for the 2005 calendar year ) had over 350,000 people vote for their nominated podcasts , with nearly 1000 people attending the awards ceremony . The 10th annual Podcast Awards Show , the first show run exclusively by the New Media Expo , took place at Westgate Las Vegas Resort and Casino on April 14 , 2015 . It was hosted by Chris Jericho and Emily Morse .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9af766c59862f5c21a1eea28ab26442c",
"text": "32nd Annie Awards The 32nd Annual Annie Awards were held on January 30 , 2005 , at the Alex Theatre in Glendale , California . They were hosted by Tom Kenny .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "655772e42ecf254ce36aefc9695f9c2c",
"text": "Philadelphia Asian American Film Festival The Philadelphia Asian American Film Festival ( PAAFF ) is an annual film festival that shows feature films and short films by and about Asian Americans . Run by the nonprofit group Philadelphia Asian American Film and Filmmakers , it was first held October 9 -- 12 , 2008 ; its presenting sponsor was HBO .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ffbb65a1fafbff724032a1b0ba1dbd4b",
"text": "Philadelphia Media Network Philadelphia Media Network LLC is an American media company . It owns The Philadelphia Inquirer , Philadelphia Daily News , and the newspapers ' joint web portal Philly.com . The company is owned by The Philadelphia Foundation , a nonprofit organization in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , U.S.A. Philadelphia Media Network ( PMN ) was formed and initially owned by the creditors of Philadelphia Media Holdings ( PMH ) , acquired out of Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection . The company sold its inherited community newspaper division in December 2010 . A group of local investors -- under the corporate name of Interstate General Media LLC -- bought the company for $ 55 million in April 2012 . Publisher and chief executive officer Greg Osberg stepped down on 11 May 2012 . He was replaced by Bob Hall , 67 , the publisher of the Daily News and Inquirer from 1990 to 2003 , when the papers were owned by Knight Ridder . Philadelphia Media Network was purchased by Philadelphia businessman H. F. `` Gerry '' Lenfest in 2014 . Lenfest donated the company to The Philadelphia Foundation , a nonprofit organization , in 2016 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c4560eb3bc497b271b96273053107e0c",
"text": "Norman Lear Center The Norman Lear Center is a multi-disciplinary research and public policy center exploring implications of the convergence of entertainment , commerce , and society . It is based at the USC Annenberg School for Communication . Through scholarship and research , and its programs of visiting fellows , conferences , public events and publications , the Lear Center works to be at the forefront of discussion and practice in the field . The Center is named for benefactor Norman Lear , the social activist and philanthropist , and television producer , and was founded and is directed by Marty Kaplan , associate dean of the USC Annenberg School , who has been a political speechwriter , Hollywood studio executive , and screenwriter-producer . The Lear Center officially launched on January 24 , 2000 . Some of the programs it houses include Entertainment Goes Global , which explores the political , cultural , economic and technological implications of the globalization of entertainment ; Celebrity , Politics & Public Life , wherein faculty and deans from over 20 USC departments convene to develop an inter-disciplinary analysis of American political life , as it is shaped by popular culture ; and Hollywood , Health & Society , which provides entertainment industry professionals with accurate and timely information for health storylines . Hollywood , Health & Society is funded by , and works closely with such governmental agencies as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , the National Institutes of Health , and the National Cancer Institute . That program hosts its annual Sentinel for Health Awards to recognize exemplary television storylines that best inform , educate and motivate viewers to make choices for healthier and safer lives . Since 2005 , the Lear Center 's Grand Avenue Intervention Project has been a driving force behind the civic outreach for the planning of a new 16 acre park in the heart of downtown Los Angeles . In partnership with the Los Angeles Times , the Lear Center solicited design proposals from the public and published a selection of them in a special section of the Times . The Lear Center 's publishing imprint has published several works of scholarship such as Artists , Technology & The Ownership of Creative Content , Warners ' War : Politics , Pop Culture & Propaganda in Wartime Hollywood , Frank Capra and the Image of the Journalist in American Film , and Ready to Share : Creativity & Fashion in Digital Culture .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "38b58fc1fcbd1371c7f09021f901744e",
"text": "Streamy Awards The Streamy Awards , often referred to as the Streamys , are presented annually by Dick Clark Productions and Tubefilter to recognize and honor excellence in online video , including directing , acting , producing , and writing . The formal ceremony at which the awards are presented takes place in Los Angeles , California . They were the first envelope-opening live-streamed award show . The Streamy Awards were created by Executive Producers Drew Baldwin , Brady Brim-DeForest and Marc Hustvedt of Tubefilter and Joshua Cohen and Jamison Tilsner of Tilzy.tv . The winners of awards in over 30 categories , including the Audience Choice and Visionary Award , were announced for the first time on March 28 , 2009 at the 1st Annual Streamy Awards . Winners of the 1st Annual Streamy Awards included individual recipients ( Best Male and Female Actor ) , and web series . Each year , certain awards are presented before the main ceremony at the Streamys Craft Awards . The 2nd Annual Streamy Awards were hosted by actor/comedian Paul Scheer and streamed live online from the Orpheum Theatre ( Los Angeles , California ) on April 11 , 2010 . The production experienced technical problems as well as interruptions due to people streaking the stage and interrupting the presenters . This show incorporated an online live internet streaming broadcast . Due to poor reception and execution of the show , the IAWTV halted its production of the award ceremony and formed their own Web TV awards presentation . Tubefilter joined Dick Clark productions to produce the 3rd Streamy Awards in 2013 . The 5th Streamy Awards were broadcast live on VH1 on September 17 , 2015 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1f2bca5416153729fd025a42e710f4a9",
"text": "Commerce Square Commerce Square is a Class-A , high-rise office building complex in Center City Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , United States . Commerce Square consists of One and Two Commerce Square , two identical 41-story office towers 565 ft high that surround a paved courtyard of 30000 sqft . Architecturally , the granite-clad towers feature setbacks on the north and south sides of the building and are topped with a pair of stone diamonds with cutout squares in the center . The towers were built as part an office-building boom Philadelphia was experiencing on West Market Street in the late 1980s . Designed by IM Pei & Partners ( now called Pei Cobb Freed & Partners ) , the towers were developed in a joint venture between Maguire Thomas Partners and IBM . IBM also leased more than half of One Commerce Square for the company 's Mid-Atlantic headquarters . Construction of the first phase , which included One Commerce Square , the plaza , and retail space , began in 1985 and was completed in 1987 . The project 's second phase , Two Commerce Square , did not begin until a lead tenant was secured for the building in 1990 . Consolidated Rail Corporation ( Conrail ) agreed to be Two Commerce Square 's lead tenant and make the skyscraper its corporate headquarters after a two-year search for office space in the region . Two Commerce Square ended the skyscraper construction boom of the 1980s when it was completed in 1992 . No other office skyscraper was built in Philadelphia until Brandywine Realty Trust ( NYSE : BDN ) built the Cira Centre in 2005 . In the 1990s , Commerce Square 's lead tenants reduced their presence dramatically in the towers . IBM moved some of its operations out of Philadelphia in the early 1990s , and Conrail was bought by Norfolk Southern Railway and CSX Transportation later in the decade . Almost all of Conrail 's operations were moved out of Philadelphia by the 2000s . Commerce Square was praised mainly for its design of two towers surrounding a plaza . Renowned Philadelphia urban planner Edmund N. Bacon praised Commerce Square and its plaza by saying it `` will prove to be one of the finest commercial projects to be built in this century '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e9cbaef4446fc850c91d18ddd0b77022",
"text": "Chestnut Street Theatre The Chestnut Street Theatre in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania was the first theater in the United States built by entrepreneurs solely as a venue for paying audiences .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dde788c9db1350d2282e436c1350bbae",
"text": "The Channel Magazine The Channel Magazine ( referred to as The Channel ) is an American entertainment magazine , headquartered in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania and owned by All Access Media , Inc. . The first issue was published on April 23 , 2007 , and is known as being among the more informative entertainment magazines in the business . The magazine focuses on music , film , fashion , entertainment business , and popular culture .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "09cd4619a0a3d4781f829228a8acb449",
"text": "2005 Philadelphia Phillies season The 2005 Philadelphia Phillies season was the 123rd season in the history of the franchise . The Phillies finished in second place in the National League East with a record of 88-74 , two games behind the Atlanta Braves , and one game behind the NL Champion Houston Astros , who won the NL Wild-Card race for the second consecutive season . The Phillies were managed by their new manager Charlie Manuel , as they played their home games at Citizens Bank Park . First-baseman Ryan Howard was named the National League 's Rookie-of-the-Year for the 2005 season .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
9c610be04bcb3913f6acccbd3b47fc85
|
Jon Huntsman Jr. was the Canadian Ambassador to Japan.
|
[
{
"docid": "485ab33f779a2774cb2a9040e4aaa26e",
"text": "Jon Huntsman Jr. Jon Meade Huntsman Jr. ( born March 26 , 1960 ) is an American politician , businessman , and diplomat who served as the 16th Governor of Utah from 2005 to 2009 , and as United States Ambassador to Singapore from 1992 to 1993 , and China from 2009 to 2011 . He has served in the administrations of five U.S. Presidents and was a candidate for the 2012 Republican presidential nomination . In January 2014 , Huntsman was named Chairman of the Washington-based foreign policy think-tank the Atlantic Council . It has been reported he was chosen to be the next Ambassador to Russia in March 2017 . Huntsman has served in every presidential administration since Ronald Reagan . He began his career as a White House staff assistant for Ronald Reagan , and was appointed Deputy Assistant Secretary of Commerce and United States Ambassador to Singapore by George H.W. Bush . Later as Deputy U.S. Trade Representative under George W. Bush , he launched global trade negotiations in Doha in 2001 and guided the accession of China into the World Trade Organization . He also served as CEO of his family-owned Huntsman Corporation and chairman of the Huntsman Cancer Foundation . In 2009 , he was appointed United States Ambassador to China by Barack Obama . While Governor , he was named Chairman of the Western Governors Association , and joined the Executive Committee of the National Governors Association . Under his leadership , Utah was named the best managed state in America by the Pew Center on the States . He won re-election in 2008 with nearly 78 % of the vote and left office with approval ratings over 80 % .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "ebfc79d65acdcaaca42cfaf1c599dcd0",
"text": "Chikahito Harada is a Japanese diplomat and former Ambassador to the Russian Federation . In 1999-2001 served as Press Secretary in the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs . In 2001-2002 served as representative of Japan to the North Pacific Anadromous Fish Commission . Served also as Charge d'Affaire at the Japanese Embassy in China and Director of the Russia Division at the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs . Harada was the Ambassador to the Czech Republic from 2008 to 2010 . From 2010 to 2015 , he served as the ambassador to the Russian Federation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "28d313717486d25384949f419ca8e588",
"text": "Manitoba Court of Appeal The Manitoba Court of Appeal ( Cour d'appel du Manitoba ) is the highest Court of Appeal in the Canadian province of Manitoba . It was established in 1906 . It is located in the Old Law Courts building at 408 York Avenue in Winnipeg , the capital city of Manitoba . It hears criminal , civil and family law cases , as well as appeals from various administrative boards and tribunals . Pursuant to The Court of Appeal Act , the court consists of a Chief Justice and seven other judges . The Chief Justice is responsible for the judicial functions of the court , including direction over sittings of the court and the assignment of judicial duties . Most cases are heard by a panel of three justices . A single justice presides over matters heard in '' chambers '' , usually interlocutory matters or applications for leave to appeal . Proceedings before the court are governed by the Court of Appeal Rules . As a `` Superior Court '' under section 96 of the Constitution Act , 1867 , Court of Appeal judges are appointed by the Governor-General of Canada ( in practical terms , the Prime Minister of Canada ) . Appointees must be members of the Manitoba bar , but need not have had previous experience as a judge . However , appointees almost always have some experience as a judge , usually on the Manitoba Court of Queen 's Bench .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0f3b0366ce560ff31ae28561339b4d04",
"text": "Hatomander The was an electoral reform proposed in the 1950s by Japanese prime minister Ichirō Hatoyama and his third cabinet . His plan was to replace the SNTV multi-member constituencies for the House of Representatives ( usually called chū-senkyo-ku , `` medium electoral districts '' , in Japanese ) entirely with First-past-the-post single-member districts ( shō-senkyo-ku , `` small electoral districts '' ) . The change would have made it easier for Hatoyama 's Liberal Democratic Party ( LDP ) to gain a two-thirds majority on its own , enabling him to pursue his plan to change the Japanese Constitution , particularly Article 9 . The plan faced strong opposition led by the Japanese Socialist Party ( JSP ) that accused Hatoyama of wanting to `` hatomander '' the electoral districts to his needs . An electoral reform bill was presented to the Diet in March 1956 , passed the House of Representatives in May 1956 , but was not voted on in the House of Councillors in a still ongoing debate at the end of the Diet session . The LDP failed to win a majority in the House of Councillors election in July , and the plan was shelved . A second attempt to introduce `` small '' electoral districts , but this time under a parallel voting system with proportional representation , was made by LDP president and prime minister Kakuei Tanaka in 1973 . The left still opposed the plan fiercely -- this time its opponents called it the Kakumander ( カクマンダー , kakumandā ) . Even the LDP could n't fully agree on a reform bill , so it never came to a vote in the Diet . A third drive for single-member districts under LDP president and prime minister Toshiki Kaifu in 1991 , again under a parallel voting system , sometimes referred to as the Kaimander , already faced strong opposition within the LDP and did n't succeed . Some , among them LDP secretary general Ichirō Ozawa , also argued for the original `` Hatomander '' consisting exclusively of single-member districts . During the ultimately successful debate over electoral reform in the 1990s , parts of the JSP remained opposed to the introduction of single-member districts creating friction in the anti-LDP multi-party coalition under Morihiro Hosokawa . An electoral reform bill was eventually launched in 1994 that -- unlike the original `` Hatomander '' plan -- also introduced a parallel voting system in which about a third of seats are filled by proportional representation . The breakaway New Socialist Party , a splinter group of five leftist Socialist members of parliament who left the JSP in 1996 when it renamed itself the Social Democratic Party ( SDP ) , remained strictly opposed to the new single-member districts . The SDP , unlike the JSP a minor party , the Japanese Communist Party ( JCP ) and Kōmeitō have lost most of their district seats following the electoral reform to the LDP and the Democratic Party ( DPJ ) that emerged as the second major party from the party realignments of the 1990s . In 2009 , the SDP won three district seats in an electoral cooperation with the DPJ , Kōmeitō and JCP only won proportional seats . While the new electoral system produced two strong parties , the parallel voting system ensured that the smaller parties in parliament were not completely eliminated as the original Hatomander plan had intended .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8c9c5bcb7ebb73a27739e2c6a67777b0",
"text": "John Kennett Starnes John Kennett Starnes ( February 5 , 1918 -- December 23 , 2014 ) was a Canadian civil servant , diplomat , and novelist . Born in Montreal , Quebec to a wealthy family , Starnes was educated at Selwyn House School , Trinity College School , the Institute Sillig in Switzerland , the University of Munich and Bishop 's University where he received a Bachelor of Arts degree . During World War II , he served with the Black Watch , the Canadian Intelligence Corps ( 1941 ) , the Canadian War Staff College ( 1942 ) , and the 21st Army Group in the United Kingdom . He was discharged in 1944 with the rank of Captain . After the War , Starnes joined the Public Service of Canada in the Department of External Affairs rising to become Ambassador to the Federal Republic of Germany in 1957 and Head of the Canadian Military Mission in Berlin from 1962 to 1966 . He was also the Canadian Ambassador to Egypt and Sudan . From 1967 to 1970 he was Under-Secretary of State for External Affairs . He resigned from the Public Service in 1970 and was appointed Director General , Security and Intelligence Directorate for the Royal Canadian Mounted Police . He retired in 1973 . Colin Starnes is one of his sons . He is the author of Deep Sleepers ( 1981 ) , Scarab ( 1982 ) , Orion 's Belt ( 1983 ) , The Cornish Hug ( 1985 ) , and Latonya ( 1994 ) . His memoir , Closely Guarded : A Life in Canadian Security and Intelligence was published by the University of Toronto Press in 1998 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9036961f0ceb2abebb16594a1d7caffa",
"text": "Japan at the 1988 Winter Olympics Japan competed at the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary , Alberta , Canada .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2c834d6a0cd3d792f9136ac727ead41a",
"text": "Canadian studies Canadian studies is a college-level study of Canadian culture , the spoken languages of Canada , Canadian literature , Quebec , agriculture in Canada , the history of Canada , and Canadian government and politics . Most universities that offer the discipline recommend that students take a double major ( e.g. Political Science , International Relations ) or French , if not included in the course . Some careers for students who take Canadian studies include the foreign service and working at Canadian embassies or the foreign embassies in Canada . Scholars known for their work in Canadian studies include Fernand Ouellet , Linda Hutcheon , George Ramsay Cook , William T. R. Fox , Annette Baker Fox , Susan Swan , Christl Verduyn , Sergey Rogov , and George Melnyk . The Governor General 's International Award for Canadian Studies is an award for excellence in the field and was established in 1995 by the International Council for Canadian Studies .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "80434d0debc4d2d942aaf4bde3da3309",
"text": "Masanao Hanihara was a Japanese diplomat .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "923f5c16ae1ac6a60168ce8ad2d705c3",
"text": "Michael Green (political expert) Michael J. Green is the Japan Chair and a senior adviser at the Center for Strategic and International Studies ( CSIS ) , as well as an associate professor of international relations at Georgetown University . He served as special assistant to the president for national security affairs and senior director for Asian affairs at the National Security Council ( NSC ) from January 2004 to December 2005 under George W. Bush . He joined the NSC in April 2001 as director of Asian affairs with responsibility for Japan , Korea , and Australia/New Zealand . From 1997 to 2000 , he was senior fellow for Asian security at the Council on Foreign Relations , where he directed the Independent Task Force on Korea and study groups on Japan and security policy in Asia . He served as senior adviser to the Office of Asia Pacific Affairs at the Department of Defense in 1997 and as consultant to the same office until 2000 . In August 2016 , Green was one of fifty senior G.O.P. national security officials who signed a letter saying they will not vote for Donald Trump , the Republican nominee for president . From 1995 to 1997 , he was a research staff member at the Institute for Defense Analyses , and from 1994 to 1995 , he was an assistant professor of Asian studies at the Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies ( SAIS ) , where he remained a professorial lecturer until 2001 . At SAIS , he was also associate executive director of the Foreign Policy Institute ( 1992 -- 1994 ) and acting director of the Reischauer Center for East Asian Studies ( 1999 -- 2000 ) . Green speaks fluent Japanese and spent over five years in Japan working as an Assistant Language Teacher on a precursor to the JET Programme , as a staff member of the Diet of Japan , as a journalist for Japanese and American newspapers , and as a consultant for U.S. business . His major publications include Japan 's Reluctant Realism ( Palgrave/St . Martin 's , 2001 ) , The U.S.-Japan Alliance ( Council on Foreign Relations , 1999 ) , and Arming Japan ( Columbia University Press , 1995 ) . Green graduated from Kenyon College with highest honors in history in 1983 and received his M.A. from Johns Hopkins SAIS in 1987 and his Ph.D. in 1994 . He also did graduate work at Tokyo University as a Fulbright fellow and with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology as a research associate of the MIT-Japan Program . He is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations and the Institute for International Security Studies .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e54604c86873afface4ed3f6c5f038ad",
"text": "Institute of Cetacean Research The is a non-profit organisation in Japan which claims to be a research organization specializing in the `` biological and social sciences related to whales '' . Its methods include lethal sampling techniques which have been the source of international controversy over the validity and necessity of the research . Several environmental groups and governments oppose this program , claiming it to be commercial whaling in disguise , which is banned by the International Whaling Commission ( IWC ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b0f0db0cab7ca9f214213a293fb1aed1",
"text": "J. Denis Bélisle J. Denis Bélisle is a former Canadian diplomat . He was concurrently appointed as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to Burkina Faso , Ivory Coast , Mali and Niger between 1991 and 1994 . He also served as the Executive Director of the International Trade Centre from 1994 to 2006 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a1c8a1b74544362bfa1d0a5630c9ac18",
"text": "Koro Bessho is a diplomat of Japan who has served as the Japanese Permanent Representative to the United Nations since 10 June 2016 , and as President of the United Nations Security Council in July 2016 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "477b63d14916027429af0653995b6c9f",
"text": "Japan Association of Corporate Executives The is a Japanese professional association of independent leading executives . Founded in 1948 , the group engages in advocacy on public policy issues related to the development of the Japanese economy in both a domestic and global context . The association is commonly referred to as `` Keizai Dōyukai '' . Keizai Dōyukai conducts in-depth policy studies , publishes position papers , and holds regular meetings and seminars on issues relating to the development of the Japanese economy . The association seeks to engage with political parties , government officials , labour organizations and other economic stakeholders . For most of the post-war period , Keizai Dōyukai has promoted a more progressive , innovative and market based economic approach to business issues in contrast to the position of country 's other main corporate sponsored business associations ; Keidanren and the Japan Chamber of Commerce and Industry .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a2c080c35ba6ea41fc307ee6f919003f",
"text": "Hal Jackman Henry Newton Rowell `` Hal '' Jackman , ( born June 10 , 1932 in Toronto , Ontario ) served as the 25th Lieutenant Governor of Ontario from 1991 to 1997 . He is the son of former Member of Parliament Harry Jackman and philanthropist Mary Rowell Jackman . His mother was the daughter of another former Member of Parliament , Newton Wesley Rowell . His sister , Nancy Ruth , is a philanthropist who was appointed to the Senate in 2005 . Jackman was educated at Pickering College , the University of Toronto Schools , Upper Canada College ( where he was a member of Jackson 's House ) , the University of Toronto Faculty of Law , and the London School of Economics . He was chairman of the board of National Trust Company and The Empire Life Insurance Company , plus several other prominent Canadian corporations . In 1964 he married Maruja Trinidad Duncan . Jackman was a longtime fundraiser for the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada , and became a supporter of the Canadian Alliance when it was formed prior to the 2000 election . He was also an advocate of the Unite the Right movement , which resulted in the creation of the Conservative Party of Canada .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2e0b79451f0683cf34f99b939d6b3362",
"text": "Masaki Orita is a Japanese lawyer specializing in international law . He is on the board of directors of the NGO Japan Center for Conflict Prevention . During the 1990s he served as Director-General of the North American Affairs Bureau of the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs , and as Japanese Ambassador to Denmark and Lithuania . From 2001 to 2004 he was the Japanese Ambassador to the United Kingdom . In 2005 served as Special Envoy for UN Reform on behalf of the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs . He is a member of the Japanese chapter of the International Law Association .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c48a3965e73d5b804ce13a10df415870",
"text": "Government of Japan The government of Japan is a constitutional monarchy in which the power of the Emperor is limited and is relegated primarily to ceremonial duties . As in many other states , the Government is divided into three branches : the Executive branch , the Legislative branch and the Judicial branch . The Government runs under the framework established by the Constitution of Japan , adopted in 1947 . It is a unitary state , containing forty-seven administrative divisions , with the Emperor as its head of state . His role is ceremonial and he has no powers related to Government . Instead , it is the Cabinet , composing of the Ministers of State and the Prime Minister , that directs and controls the Government . The Cabinet is the source of power of the Executive branch , and is formed by the Prime Minister , who is the head of government . He or she is designated by the National Diet and appointed to office by the Emperor . The National Diet is the legislature , the organ of the Legislative branch . It is bicameral , consisting of two houses with the House of Councillors being the upper house , and the House of Representatives being the lower house . Its members are directly elected from the people , who are the source of sovereignty . The Supreme Court and other inferior courts make up the Judicial branch , and they are independent from the executive and the legislative branches .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d555d7255cb5bdbc0282aa76dda0911b",
"text": "Paul H. Robinson Jr. Paul Heron Robinson Jr. ( born June 22 , 1930 ) is a United States businessman who was United States Ambassador to Canada from 1981 to 1985 . He was born in Chicago on June 22 , 1930 . He attended Hinsdale Township High School in Hinsdale , Illinois ; he would later marry his high school girlfriend , Martha C. Bidwell , in 1953 . After graduating from high school , Robinson attended the University of Illinois , receiving a B.S. in 1953 . Robinson served in the United States Navy from 1953 to 1955 , achieving the rank of Lieutenant . He later founded his own business , Robinson , Incorporated , working as a broker for banks and professional institutions . He was also an active member of the Republican Party . In 1981 , President of the United States Ronald Reagan nominated Robinson to be United States Ambassador to Canada . Ambassador Robinson presented his credentials on July 15 , 1981 and served in Ottawa until September 9 , 1985 . He began discussions with the Liberal government headed by Prime Minister of Canada Pierre Trudeau about easing trade restrictions between the U.S. and Canada . With the election of Progressive Conservative Brian Mulroney in the 1984 Canadian federal election , these talks were expanded to discussions about a comprehensive free trade agreement . These discussions were the starting point of a process that would ultimately see the signing of the Canada -- United States Free Trade Agreement on October 4 , 1988 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e13f6cec12e7e29dd8ef947083a6efa0",
"text": "David Suzuki Foundation The David Suzuki Foundation is a science-based environmental organization headquartered in Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada , with offices in Montreal and Toronto . It is a non-profit organization that is incorporated in both Canada and the United States , and is funded by close to 30,000 donors . The Foundation describes its goal as to : Work towards balancing human needs with the Earth 's ability to sustain all life . Our goal is to find and communicate practical ways to achieve that balance . The mission of the foundation is to `` protect the diversity of nature and our quality of life , now and for the future '' and their vision is `` that within a generation , Canadians act on the understanding that we are all interconnected and interdependent with nature '' . Its origins lie in a 1989 `` think-tank '' retreat on Pender Island , British Columbia that was organized by David Suzuki and Tara Cullis . A dozen concerned individuals were invited , and inspired by those discussions the Foundation was incorporated on September 14 , 1990 . It officially opened its doors on January 1 , 1991 . It is a federally registered Canadian charity supported entirely by Foundation grants and donations . It does not accept any government funding , except from the National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada . It is also not a funding body for other organizations . Currently the Foundation employs roughly fifty staff members . The Foundation 's CEO is Peter Robinson , formerly the head of Mountain Equipment Co-op and BC Housing .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "74397ea4b74a69e532e02440e3b3c10e",
"text": "Eric Walsh (ambassador) Eric Walsh ( born 1972 ) is the Canadian Ambassador to South Korea . He has held the post since February 12 , 2015 . He was born in London , Ontario and grew up in Toronto .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "89be370b4f8f9f9ce19ff0b27fae9291",
"text": "Japanese Paraguayans Japanese Paraguayans ( Japonés Paraguayo , 日系パラグアイ人 Nikkei Paraguaijin ) are Paraguayans of Japanese ethnicity .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8a3e1942be4387b34cedfcba1ff41941",
"text": "List of Japanese spies, 1930–45 This is a list of Japanese spies including leaders and commanders of the Japanese Secret Intelligence Services ( Kempeitai ) in the period 1930 to 1945 ' . The Emperor of Japan ( Tenno ) was constitutionally the supreme commander of the Japanese Secret Services as a branch of the Imperial Armed forces . Yakichiro Suma -- Japan 's Ambassador in Spain , Chief of the Japanese spy network code named `` TO '' . Friend of Foreign Ministers Ramon Suñer ( General Franco 's brother-in-law ) and Count Gomez Jordana . He collected information from Afghanistan , Russia , Iran , and India . Morito Morishima -- Japanese ambassador in Portugal . Hiroshi Ōshima -- Japanese ambassador in Germany , close friends with Admiral Canaris , chief of Germany 's intelligence organization ( Abwehr '' ) and Italy 's Military Intelligence Bureau . Oshima then relayed TO to Tokyo along with messages coordinating policies and operations between the three Axis powers . Yoshio Muto -- spy operating in San Francisco . Toshio Miyazaki -- Japanese Navy agent who recruited the American Harry Thomas Thompson as a secret agent in San Diego . Yuchi Tonogawa -- a Japanese Army agent disguised as a farm worker in Brazil , also a member of a local secret web in Brazil . A Japanese army captain disguised himself as a chef for a prominent Brazilian family until detected by Brazilian security services . Jakuji Ochi -- a Japanese Navy agent , disguised as a woodworker in Panama , also chief of a local secret web in Las Perlas Archipelago . Also in Panama were a Japanese family of fishermen who were a supposed part of this web . Prince Higashikuni -- on a secret mission commissioned by Tenno , arranged a secret meeting in Baden-Baden ( Germany ) during 1921 , with `` Three Raven '' ( a secret military thinking group ) to organize the next underground commission of `` Eleven Reliable Mens '' who gave orders to prepare the future conquest lines of Japanese forces . Prince Chichibu -- with Hirohito 's orders , arrived in Manchuria for an underground reconnaissance mission in accordance with secret plans of the Japanese intervention there . Ryonosuke Seita -- chief of a local spy web in Brisbane , Australia . Possibly linked to Pedro de Ygual , Spanish Consul in Australia and a known General Franco supporter . Akashi Motojiro -- Black Dragon member and Agent specialized in Siberia and North Asia . Knowledgeable about China , Manchuria , Siberia and established contacts throughout the Muslim world . These Muslim contacts would be maintained through the Second World War , both as operatives in their areas and as a hedge against Soviet aggression . Akashi eventually established networks through Europe too , that served the Black Dragons . The Black Dragons also formed close contact and even alliances with Buddhist sects throughout Asia . Japanese Official Radio , Radio Tokyo , sent its foreign transmissions , with some cover messages to Japanese Doho agents outside Japan . Hiraya Amane -- secret agent in Hankow , China . Wrote Zhong-guo Bi-mi She-hui Shi , the first true history of the Triads and other secret societies ; this book was a special intelligence handbook . Hiraya also organized Tung Wen College in Shanghai that trained future agents for espionage in China . The Tung Wen would continue to operate until the end of World War II , training agents for operations throughout Asia . Marcelle Tao Kitazawa -- agent in Australia , linked with Seita , who led a spy web in New Caledonia . Agent Umeda -- local agent in North Queensland , Australia . Kinoaki Matsuo -- member of the ultra-nationalist Black Dragon secret society , and an officer in Japanese Intelligence . Mitsuru Toyama -- chief of Black Dragon Society , an active agent linked with Japanese Secret Service and Japanese outside agents . Shūmei Ōkawa -- ultra-nationalist , agent instructor , and an agent in China and North Asia . Yoshio Kodama -- Japanese gangster and Yakuza chief , he set up a massive network of Manchurian spies and informants spread across China . Hideki Tojo -- the Chief of the Japanese Army , Prime Minister and chief of the Kodoha Party ; for a period chief of Kwantung Army and Kempeitai Intelligence service in Manchukuo . He also maintained during his military life direct control of the Japanese Secret Services ( apart from the Emperor 's command of such services ) and received information first through his direct link with the Black Dragon Society and his own intelligence work with the Japanese Army during the conflict . Kōki Hirota -- former Foreign Minister and head of the Black Dragons ( also guided intelligence services in the group ) , discussed the advantages and consequences of a conflict with the United States with War Minister Hideki Tōjō . In a conference on August 26 , 1941 at a session of the Black Dragon Society HQ in Tokyo , the War Minister ordered preparation to be made to wage a total war against the armed forces of the United States . December 1941 or February 1942 , were considered adequate time for this operation . Tojo said he `` will start the war with America , and after sixty days he will reshuffle the cabinet and become a great dictator '' , at same time if analyzed the last dates provided from Japanese secret agents about Soviet Far East and European colonies in Southeast Asia , in relation to this operation . Previously in World War II on the Chinese mainland , Black Dragon posed one five column , so-called `` China Wave-Men '' . They undertook some secret operations at favour of such group . Similar operations with revolutionaries were established from 1906 to the 1940s , targeting India , Indonesia and the Philippines amongst others . The Black Dragons began establishing subsidiary groups to support these regional actions . Kenjiro Hayashide -- second secretary in Japanese Embassy in Hsinking , Diplomatic Adviser to the Kangde Emperor and underground secret agent , author of `` Epochal voyage to Nippon '' , a publication edited by the Intelligence agency in General Affairs State Council of Manchukuo . Michitarō Komatsubara -- intelligence chief in Harbin for some time . Kingoro Hashimoto -- served in the secret service in Manchukuo for a period Sadao Araki -- undertook some secret actions in his service in the Siberian Japanese expeditionary force period Wellington Koo -- as member of Lytton Commission during his diplomatic mission in Manchukuo , reported the frequent watching of suspicious Japanese , Chinese , Korean and White Russian employees in the Hotel Moderne , Harbin . Similarly Amleto Vespa as a Manchu/Japanese forced secret agent , confirmed the presence of such secret agents in these period in places where stay mentioned diplomatic commission in country . Kanji Ishiwara -- undertook undercover actions and espionage in Manchukuo Kenji Doihara -- member of the Japanese intelligence service in Manchukuo , making some secret actions there and on the Chinese mainland Noboyushi Obata ( Shinryo ) -- chief of secret unit in Harbin Masaiko Amakazu -- secret agent in Manchukuo , chief of the Manchukuo Film Association A Japanese undercover agent , disguised as a `` Housekeeper '' watching constantly at Puyi in the imperial palace and writing periodical reports to superiors of Japanese Secret Services in Manchukuo about intimate details of Kangde Emperor . Theorically in Manchukuo , Kangde Emperor held the command of Manchu Secret Services and received their information . But in reality these units and their sections stayed under the control of Kempeitai and Kwantung Army Amleto Vespa -- Italian forced secret agent of Japanese and Manchu secret service for some time In Manchukuo -- Japanese and Manchu local secret services used some Chinese , Mongol , Buriats , Korean , and White Russians as secret agents and saboteurs , for watching enemies Lo-Chen-Yu -- a local manchu servant with delictive links , also a secret agent Seishirō Itagaki -- member of Japanese intelligence service with duties in Manchukuo and Korea Yasunori Yoshioka -- Japanese Intelligence member with missions in Manchukuo A Prince -- unknown identity , chief and secret agent in Japanese Secret Service in Manchukuo . Was possibly Prince Takeda Konoto Daisaku -- Japanese agent with orders in Manchukuo Major Giga -- Japanese agent and saboteur in Manchukuo Hisao Watari -- Agent of Japanese Intelligence service in Manchukuo Kwantung Army -- poses the Asano Division and `` Mongol Army '' special units , conformed by White Russians the first and Mongols the second . Imperial forces projected use such units in secret missions and sabotages during eventual invasion to SovietSiberia , Outer Mongolia and Russian Far East . Takayoshi Tanaka -- another Japanese agent with missions in the north and central Chinese mainland Kanji Tsuneoka -- the real power in Mengchiang , led the central academy ( intelligence school ) in Kalgan and undertook some secret operations in the area . Directed the Mongol department of Kwantung Army in the land , native saboteurs and secret agent units . Yoshiko Kawashima -- Manchu princess , and Japanese secret agent with orders on Chinese mainland Pince Su -- Another Mongol Japanese agent in inner Mongolia Nataoke Sato -- Japanese Ambassador in Moscow , undertook some secret missions for the Axis Powers efforts during Eastern front battles . Jinzo Nomoto -- intelligence officer sent by a unit of the Imperial Japanese Army to Tibet and Sinkiang . He worked in Manchukuo and was a member of Mongolian section in Kwantung Army , later sent to mentioned territories . Ma Chung-ying -- Local Uguir server , undertook some secret actions for the Japanese in this land . Trebitsch Lincoln -- Hungarian Kanyei Chuyo -- a chief of Japanese Navy Secret services . Directed the 8th Section `` Yashika '' . Between this unit stay the `` Australian Section '' ( `` Tokyo Gimusho '' ) linked with Japanese Naval Intelligence Staff under command of Imperial Navy General Staff . The office had orders to researching any affairs of the British Empire in Southeast Asia and Pacific Area . Kinoaki Matsuo -- Foreign Affairs Ministry , also intelligence officer when serving as liaison between the Japanese Foreign Office and the Imperial Admiralty Mineo Ōsumi -- nobility member and member of the Supreme War Council of Japan . He undertook some secret missions in central and southern China under the orders of the Japanese Navy . Officer Maruyama -- underground unit , in Censorship department between the Tokkō Intelligence service , in Tokyo , Japan . He watched any information sent to outside by foreign journalists from the Japanese capital . Japanese Secret Services -- used some foreign persons as inside agents for watching suspicious persons in Japan . Between theirs stayed one American with residence in Japan , one Hungarian agent in the service of the Japanese Army and one Euroasiatic Agent at service in Japanese Navy and intelligence office in Foreign Affairs Ministry . Such units along with Western and East Asian agents are used by Japanese Secret services and Army and Navy during Pacific War in East Asia , Australia and Pacific territories . These intelligence services also used Doho or dokuku jin -- ( nikkei ) cultural groups since 1920s to Pacific War as alternative secret agents . These were Japanese citizens with foreign nationality , with loyalty to Tenno and nation ; they lived around the world . Tatsuki Fuji -- Editor of Singapore Herald . Himself an agent in Malaysia . Shinozaki Mamoru -- Japanese diplomat , arrested for espionage in previous days to arriving Imperial forces at country . Japanese Army -- special forces agents , Susuhiko Mizuno , Sergeant Morita , Sergeant Furuhashi , Lance Corporal Kazuo Ito 6 sailors and 5 Timorese decoys , undertook some secret missions from Koepang , Timor island , to disembark in Western Australia , during January 19 , 1944 . They were members of the Matsu Kikan ( Pine Tree ) Secret Agency , led by Captain Masayoshi Yamamoto with HQ in Ambon ( Dutch Indies ) , under command of 19th Army . This group traveled aboard Hiyoshi Maru ; managed by Staff Sergeant Auonuma and Officer Hachiro Akai . They arrived at Cartier Island escorted by Kawasaki Ki-48 `` Lilly '' light bomber of 7th Air division from Kendari finally arriving at Browse Island . The same group observed nearby areas too . On January 20 , 1944 , this unit returned to Timor . Certain Australian sources mentioned one Japanese secret mission to Mornington Island , in the Gulf of Carpentaria during January 1944 . Watchers inform about one black large ship , landing on the island on January 15 , 1944 . The Black Dragon Society , the Kaigun Kyokai ( Navy League ) , or the Hoirusha Kai ( Military Service Man 's League ) , and other similar societies . These Japanese secret groups were well known to the Naval Intelligence Service or the Federal Bureau of Investigation your existence and your some subversive actions in United States , at favour of Japanese cause along some elements of Doho communities in country . Other overseas Japanese agents of Black Dragon Society , were the so-called `` Soshi '' ( Brave Knights ) . At the same time referring to superior commander how the `` Darkside Emperor '' mentioned agents since firsts 1940s period , was operating worldwide , as far away as North America , South America and Morocco in North Africa . They formed covert ties with the Nazis . German Lt. Col. Fritz von Petersdorf , Assist and German Military Attaché in Tokyo , received some information from Japanese Intelligence Services , in accord with Axis Powers alliance agreements . Such information was related to military strength , transportation , reserves , troop dispositions , and movements of Soviet Far East units sent to the West European front ( Barbarossa Operation ) , as well the data concerning the war industry in the Soviet Union . This report was supported by Admiral Wenneker , the German naval attaché , under German official Ambassador Eugen Ott in the Japanese capital . Hiroshi Akita -- Chief of German Section of Japanese Military Intelligence in this period . Japanese Army -- sent a secret mission to Germany via Siberia , starting from Tokyo on March 1 , 1943 . This operation was led by Major General Okamoto , who had been Chief of the Second Bureau ( Intelligence ) at the time of the outbreak of the Pacific War . His staff consisted of Colonel Kotani , Navy officer Captain Onoda , and Mr.Yosano , Foreign Office Chancellor . Objectives of the mission were to investigate German ability to carry on the war ; and to clarify Japan 's real situation to the Germans . A third objective ( concerning the arrangement of a separate peace between Germany and the Soviet Union ) was eliminated just prior to the departure of the mission . The Okamoto Mission reported its findings in a cable dated July 5 . Many reservations were attached to the report , which concluded that German national power was lower than had been foreseen by the mission before it left Japan . Germany would accordingly encounter many difficulties in emerging triumphant without first overcoming the critical problems which were fast approaching : Shortage of manpower , lowering of industrial war potential , insufficiency of liquid fuel , etc. . On October 15 , 1943 , IGHQ incorporated its Second Bureau 's 16th Section ( German and Italian Intelligence ) into the 5th Section ( U.S.S.R. intelligence ) . Just at time that the German Army was failing in its early summer offensive against Orel . The Soviet Army , on the other hand , had seized the operational initiative . The feeling of the Japanese Army High Command was therefore somewhat inclining to pessimism vis-a vis Germany . The Japanese Army committed a great error by placing excessive confidence in Germany . After the Allies had successfully established a Second Front in northern France ( June 1944 ) and an attempt had soon afterwards been made to assassinate Hitler ( July 20 plot , 1944 ) - only then did the Japanese Army Intelligence Services and High Command eventually conclude that Germany possessed scant prospects for victory . Patrick Heenan , July 1910-February 13 , 1942 was a Captain in the British Indian Army , who was convicted of treason , after spying for Japanese military intelligence during the Malayan campaign of World War II . Heenan was reportedly killed in a summary execution , during the Battle of Singapore . It is also alleged that these events were suppressed by British Commonwealth military censors . William Forbes-Sempill , 19th Lord Sempill , a British peer and record-breaking air pioneer who passed secret information to the Imperial Japanese military before the Second World War . Velvalee Dickinson John Semer Farnsworth",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
a61a158712d378e22a7f6f5dfc4f5705
|
George W. Bush was a politician.
|
[
{
"docid": "3834d3f503bfc2baa147528971021fa4",
"text": "George W. Bush George Walker Bush ( born July 6 , 1946 ) is an American politician who served as the 43rd President of the United States from 2001 to 2009 . He was also the 46th Governor of Texas from 1995 to 2000 . After graduating from Yale University in 1968 and Harvard Business School in 1975 , he worked in the oil industry . Bush married Laura Welch in 1977 and ran unsuccessfully for the House of Representatives shortly thereafter . He later co-owned the Texas Rangers baseball team before defeating Ann Richards in the 1994 Texas gubernatorial election . Bush was elected president in 2000 after a close and controversial win over Democratic rival Al Gore , becoming the fourth president to be elected while receiving fewer popular votes than his opponent . From a prominent political family , he is the eldest son of Barbara and George H. W. Bush , the 41st President of the United States , making him only the second president to assume the nation 's highest office after his father , following the lead of John Quincy Adams . His brother , Jeb Bush , a former Governor of Florida , was a candidate for the Republican presidential nomination in the 2016 presidential election . His paternal grandfather , Prescott Bush , was a United States Senator from Connecticut . The September 11 terrorist attacks occurred eight months into Bush 's first term as president . Bush responded with what became known as the Bush Doctrine : launching a `` War on Terror '' , an international military campaign that included the war in Afghanistan in 2001 and the Iraq War in 2003 . He also promoted policies on the economy , health care , education , Social Security reform , and amending the Constitution to prohibit same-sex marriage . He signed into law broad tax cuts , the Patriot Act , the No Child Left Behind Act , the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act , Medicare prescription drug benefits for seniors , and funding for the AIDS relief program known as PEPFAR . His tenure included national debates on immigration , Social Security , electronic surveillance , and torture . In the 2004 Presidential race , Bush defeated Democratic Senator John Kerry in another relatively close election . After his re-election , Bush received increasingly heated criticism from across the political spectrum for his handling of the Iraq War , Hurricane Katrina , and other challenges . Amid this criticism , the Democratic Party regained control of Congress in the 2006 elections . In December 2007 , the United States entered its longest post-World War II recession , often referred to as the `` Great Recession '' , prompting the Bush administration to obtain congressional passage of multiple economic programs intended to preserve the country 's financial system . Nationally , Bush was both one of the most popular and unpopular presidents in history , having received the highest recorded presidential approval ratings in the wake of the September 11 attacks , as well as one of the lowest approval ratings during the 2008 financial crisis . Bush left office in 2009 , returning to Texas where he purchased a home in Crawford . He wrote a memoir , Decision Points . His presidential library was opened in 2013 . His presidency has been ranked among the worst in historians ' polls published in the late 2000s and 2010s .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "22e88287686edf3a9e26cfe78d757c21",
"text": "United States presidential election in Arizona, 2000 The 2000 United States presidential election in Arizona took place on November 7 , 2000 throughout all 50 states and D.C. , which was part of the 2000 United States presidential election . Voters chose 8 representatives , or electors to the Electoral College , who voted for President and Vice President . Arizona was won by Governor George W. Bush by a 6.3 % margin of victory . Ralph Nader received 3 % , as all of the other candidates received a combined 1 % . Pre-election polling showed that Bush had a solid lead of Gore . Bush won all the congressional districts , except Arizona 's 2nd congressional district . The key for Bush 's victory was Maricopa County , which has by far the highest population in the state . Bush made history by winning Greenlee County . This thinly populated working class county , which has been dependent on copper mining as the basis for its economy , had voted Democratic in every election since Arizona achieved statehood from 1912 to 1996 , and now is a Republican stronghold in the 21st century .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "792026c8b01c64e7097044a6c0c4d548",
"text": "United States presidential election in North Dakota, 2004 The 2004 United States presidential election in North Dakota took place on November 2 , 2004 throughout all 50 states and D.C. , which was part of the 2004 United States presidential election . Voters chose 3 representatives , or electors to the Electoral College , who voted for President and Vice President . North Dakota was won by incumbent President George W. Bush by a 27.4 % margin of victory . Prior to the election , all 12 news organizations considered this a state Bush would win , or otherwise considered as a safe red state.The state has voted Republican in 24 of the last 29 elections . In 2004 , George W. Bush defeated John Kerry with 63 % of the vote . The state 's population of about 650,000 is little changed from what it was 80 years ago , as ND is one of seven states with the minimum three electoral votes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "37e6f1c63e2008f04b32247cfcfafd6f",
"text": "Foreign policy of the Stephen Harper government The Conservative Party Government of Canada led by Prime Minister Stephen Harper moved away from the multilateral and internationalist policies of the Liberal Party , and reduced Canada 's emphasis on the United Nations , which was seen as dominated by corrupt dictatorships . In parallel , Harper sought to strengthen cooperation with the US , particularly in the era of mass terrorism and instability . As part of this policy , his government continued and expanded Canada 's participation in the US-led anti-terror campaign in Afghanistan , which began following al Qaida 's mass attacks on September 11 , 2001 , and in the Iraq conflict that began under President George W. Bush in March 2003 . In addition , under the Harper governments and through the actions of Foreign Affairs Ministers Peter MacKay and John Baird , Canada developed a leadership position in developing a principled alternative to the United Nations , involving the participation of the world 's open and democratic countries .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "60f6e66a9147a315313e41b077285689",
"text": "Dan Quayle James Danforth `` Dan '' Quayle ( born February 4 , 1947 ) is an American politician and lawyer . He was the 44th Vice President of the United States from 1989 to 1993 under President George H. W. Bush . He was also a U.S. Representative ( 1977 -- 81 ) and U.S. Senator ( 1981 -- 89 ) from the state of Indiana . A native of Indianapolis , Indiana , Quayle spent most of his childhood living in Paradise Valley , Arizona , a suburb of Phoenix . He married Marilyn Tucker in 1972 and obtained his J.D. from the Indiana University Robert H. McKinney School of Law in 1974 . He practiced law in Huntington , Indiana , with his wife before his election to the United States House of Representatives in 1976 , aged 29 . In 1980 Quayle won election to the Senate . In 1988 , Vice President George H. W. Bush , the Republican Party nominee for the presidency , chose Quayle as his vice presidential running mate . The Bush/Quayle ticket won the 1988 election over Democrats Michael Dukakis and Lloyd Bentsen . As vice president , Quayle made official visits to 47 countries and was appointed chairman of the National Space Council . He secured re-nomination for vice-president in 1992 , but Democrat Bill Clinton and his vice presidential running mate , Al Gore , defeated the Bush/Quayle ticket . In 1994 , Quayle published his memoir entitled Standing Firm but declined to run for public office in this time period because he was suffering from phlebitis . He sought the Republican presidential nomination in 2000 , but withdrew and supported George W. Bush . In 2016 , he endorsed Jeb Bush and after that he supported Donald Trump for president . Quayle and his wife reside in Paradise Valley , Arizona . Quayle is the chairman of global investments at Cerberus Capital Management .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4fabdc47572748f939ed3b2d724e109d",
"text": "Economic policy of the Barack Obama administration The economic policy of the Barack Obama administration was characterized by moderate tax increases on higher income Americans designed to fund healthcare reform , reduce the federal budget deficit , and improve income inequality . His first term ( 2009 -- 2013 ) included measures designed to address the Great Recession and Subprime mortgage crisis , which began in 2007 . These included a major stimulus package , banking regulation , and comprehensive healthcare reform . As the economy improved and robust job creation continued during his second term ( 2013 -- 2017 ) , the Bush tax cuts were allowed to expire for the highest income taxpayers and a spending sequester ( cap ) was implemented , to further reduce the deficit back to typical historical levels . Towards the end of his tenure , the U.S. economy was nearing full employment such that the Federal Reserve began raising interest rates , real household income was nearing its pre-crisis peak , gas prices were very low , and GDP grew 3.5 % . He also implemented several environmental executive orders to address climate change and encourage clean energy industries , as the U.S. enjoyed an unprecedented increase in energy production . Both the stock market and corporate profits reached record high levels during his tenure , while inflation and interest rates remained near record low levels . Conceptually , Obama advocated using government regulation to stem crony capitalism and tax revenue to stabilize and promote economic growth . Two of his important economic advisers were Jason Furman of Harvard University and Jeffrey Liebman of Harvard University . In 2006 , Obama wrote , `` We should be asking ourselves what mix of policies will lead to a dynamic free market and widespread economic security , entrepreneurial innovation and upward mobility -LSB- ... -RSB- we should be guided by what works . '' Speaking before the National Press Club in April 2005 , he defended the New Deal social welfare policies of Franklin D. Roosevelt , associating Republican proposals to establish private accounts for Social Security with Social Darwinism .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f23926556ef5ffa1249bf3605679f8f5",
"text": "United States presidential election in Louisiana, 2000 The 2000 United States presidential election in Louisiana took place on November 7 , 2000 throughout all 50 states and D.C. , which was part of the 2000 United States presidential election . Voters chose 9 representatives , or electors to the Electoral College , who voted for President and Vice President . Louisiana was won by Governor George W. Bush , a dramatic swing from the statewide results in 1996 when Democrat President Bill Clinton carried the state with 52 % of the vote and with a double digit margin of victory . Bush was the first Republican to carry the state since 1988 . Bush won most of the counties and congressional districts in the state . Bush dominated among the rural areas of the state . The only congressional district Gore won was the second district , which represents the very urban area of New Orleans .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b8b07da88053c7181dd65b80b1b4da01",
"text": "United States presidential election in Mississippi, 2004 The 2004 United States presidential election in Mississippi took place on November 2 , 2004 throughout all 50 states and D.C. , which was part of the 2004 United States presidential election . Voters chose 6 representatives , or electors to the Electoral College , who voted for President and Vice President . Mississippi was won by incumbent President George W. Bush by a 19.7 % margin of victory . Prior to the election , all 12 news organizations considered this a state Bush would win , or otherwise considered as a safe red state . Southern Democrat Jimmy Carter was the last Democrat to carry this state , in the 1976 election . U.S. President George W. Bush won here in 2004 carrying a majority of the counties and congressional districts .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "338e014d5461ab655a9d56711bd2fa25",
"text": "Democrats for Nixon Democrats for Nixon was a campaign to promote Democratic support for the then-incumbent Republican President Richard Nixon in the 1972 presidential election . The campaign was led by the former Democratic governor of Texas , John Connally . Connally , who was serving as the United States Secretary of the Treasury , announced that he would be supporting Nixon for re-election and would spend his time until the elections working on behalf of the incumbent . A Democrat who had been Governor of Texas and United States Secretary of the Navy under John F. Kennedy , Connally formally announced the formation of the organization in August 1972 . Polling cited by Connally indicated that as many as 20 million Democrats would cross over to vote for Nixon and invited `` all those millions of Democrats who realize that in this Presidential election President Nixon is simply the better choice '' . Connally stated that he was troubled by Senator George McGovern 's campaign and felt that the Democratic party `` is becoming an ideological machine closed to millions who have been the party 's most loyal and steadfast members '' under McGovern 's leadership . The committee included Mayor Beverly Briley of Nashville , Tennessee , former Governor of Florida Farris Bryant , Mayor of Boston John F. Collins , Mayor Thomas G. Dunn of Elizabeth , New Jersey , Teamsters president Frank Fitzsimmons , Governor of Virginia Mills E. Godwin , Jr. , Mayor of Miami , Florida David T. Kennedy and Leonard Marks who had previously headed the United States Information Agency . A fundraising target of as much as $ 3 million was set for the organization . Connally also announced that Jeno Paulucci , a frozen food distributor who had been closely involved as a fundraiser for Hubert H. Humphrey in his presidential bids , would serve as head of a group encouraging independent voters to choose Nixon . In a September 1972 article in The New York Times , Connally was quoted as saying that increasing numbers of traditionally Democratic voters were leaving the fold because they `` are afraid of George McGovern '' because of his proposals for major cutbacks in defense spending and in the number of U.S. troops serving in Europe . Connally insisted that `` it is in the best interests of this country that the president be re-elected this year '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c798ee8225f79ab7b53d30338c4c95ad",
"text": "United States presidential election, 1992 The United States presidential election of 1992 was the 52nd quadrennial presidential election . It was held on Tuesday , November 3 , 1992 . There were three major candidates : Incumbent Republican President George H. W. Bush , Democratic Arkansas Governor Bill Clinton , and independent Texas businessman Ross Perot . Bush had alienated much of his conservative base by breaking his 1988 campaign pledge against raising taxes . The economy was in recession and Bush 's perceived greatest strength , foreign policy , was regarded as much less important following the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the relatively peaceful climate in the Middle East after the defeat of Iraq in the Gulf War . Clinton won a plurality in the popular vote , and a wide Electoral College margin . The election was a significant realigning election after three consecutive Republican landslides . Northeastern , Upper Midwest , and West Coast states which had previously been competitive began voting reliably Democratic . As of 2016 , this is the most recent election in which an incumbent president was unseated , the previous one having been the 1980 election in which Ronald Reagan unseated then-incumbent Jimmy Carter . Perot 's campaign took 18.9 % of the vote , finishing second in Maine and Utah . This was noted for being the highest vote share of a third-party candidate since 1912 , though he did not obtain any electoral votes . As of 2017 , this is the last time Georgia and Montana voted for the Democratic candidate , and the last time the state of Florida was on the losing end of the presidential election .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e422425f20742afcf6f259a64116164b",
"text": "Iraq Liberation Act The Iraq Liberation Act of 1998 is a United States Congressional statement of policy stating that `` It should be the policy of the United States to support efforts to remove the regime headed by Saddam Hussein from power in Iraq ... '' It was signed into law by President Bill Clinton , and states that it is the policy of the United States to support democratic movements within Iraq . The Act was cited in October 2002 to argue for the authorization of military force against the Iraqi government . The bill was sponsored by Representative Benjamin A. Gilman ( Republican , NY-20 ) and co-sponsored by Representative Christopher Cox ( Republican , CA-47 ) . The bill was introduced as on September 29 , 1998 . The House of Representatives passed the bill 360 - 38 on October 5 , and the Senate passed it with unanimous consent two days later . President Clinton signed the Iraq Liberation Act into law on October 31 , 1998 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "be2e77e87c3fa9f9b60043c2bd9812a0",
"text": "Political feasibility analysis Political feasibility analysis is used to predict the probable outcome of a proposed solution to a policy problem through examining the actors , events and environment involved in all stages of the policy-making process . It is one frequently used component of a policy analysis and can serve as an evaluative criterion in choosing between policy alternatives . Feasible policies must be politically acceptable or at least not unacceptable . Political unacceptability is a combination of two conditions too much opposition or too little support . One common mistake is widespread in practice that feasibility becomes a dominant criterion of preferable alternative . Feasibility is `` the state or degree of being easily or conveniently done '' . More plainly , one might ask `` can we get this done ? '' Feasibility , as it pertains to the political arena , speaks to the political climate . The question then becomes : `` In this political climate , can we get this done ? '' Political feasibility is a measure of how well a solution to a policy problem , will be accepted by a set of decision makers and the general public . For a policy to be enacted and implemented , it must be politically acceptable , or feasible . A policy alternative 's lack of political feasibility can often be attributed to its lack of political support or the result of controversy that may surround the issue the policy seeks to address . Alternatively , a politically feasible alternative is one that has the greatest probability of `` receiv -LSB- ing -RSB- sufficient political push and support to be implemented '' given any specific constraints . When policy analysis generates policy alternatives , the political risks and costs associated with each can be important criteria for deciding between alternatives . A good policy alternative requires a certain amount of political feasibility , or implementation of the policy will be impossible . It is important to keep in mind , however , that feasibility alone does not make a policy `` good . '' Examining all criteria is necessary for the implementation of socially responsible policy . Politics are difficult to predict but it has been said that `` no decision is ever made in complex systems without political feasibility having played some role . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "35073cf2acac53d94d52ea52e75c6c53",
"text": "J. Danforth Bush Joshua Danforth Bush ( December 4 , 1868 -- December 4 , 1926 ) was an American businessman and Republican Party politician who served as the sixth Lieutenant Governor of Delaware , from January 18 , 1921 to January 20 , 1925 , under Governor William D. Denney . He resided in Wilmington , Delaware . Bush was also a wealthy businessman , as a member of one of Delaware 's more prominent families . His father , George W. Bush , had inherited the family shipping business from his own father and had expanded it to include a large business in anthracite , coal , and even yellow pine lumber . The company , George W. Bush & Sons , eventually passed the lumber business to J. Danforth Bush 's firm , a partnership with Robert B. Rayner . Bush also took on a large role in his father 's company . After George W. Bush died in 1900 , his sons incorporated their coal and transportation business as the George W. Bush & Sons Company . J. Danforth Bush was made vice president of the company . Bush was a prominent member of the Delaware Game Protective Association , at one time serving as that organization 's vice president for New Castle County . He also served as treasurer and secretary at various times .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ed6500caf6f27d287848912d3ce8fcaf",
"text": "World Freedom Day (United States) World Freedom Day is a United States federal observance declared by then-President George W. Bush to commemorate the fall of the Berlin Wall and the end of communist rule in Central and Eastern Europe . It started in 2001 and is celebrated on November 9 . For this occasion , conservative youth groups such as Young America 's Foundation and the College Republicans urge students to commemorate this day ( which they mark as the start of `` Freedom Week , '' thus including Veterans Day ) by `` celebrating victory over communism '' through provocative flyer campaigns and activism projects . Many conservative political commentators and activists use World Freedom Day as an occasion in which to acclaim President Ronald Reagan , whom they regard as being responsible for the collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d9c485965412c2e8661f5cb749d91b58",
"text": "Herding Cats: A Life in Politics Herding Cats : A Life in Politics is a book written by U.S. Senator Trent Lott , a Republican from Mississippi . Published by HarperCollins Publishers , Inc. on August 23 , 2005 , the book spans 320 pages . The major points of the book are Lott 's childhood in Grenada and Pascagoula , Mississippi , including his struggles with his alcoholic father ; his election to Congress ; his years in the House of Representatives during the Nixon , Carter , and Reagan administrations ( including his service as Minority Whip in that body ) ; and his service in the Senate , especially his service as Majority Leader during the Clinton and Bush Administrations . He recounts the formative events of his youth and the stories from his political life . From his decision to support Gerald Ford over Ronald Reagan in the 1976 Republican primary to his working partnership with Senate Democratic leader Tom Daschle during the Clinton impeachment and the September 11 attacks in 2001 , Lott traces the inner workings of congressional life . One major focus of the book is the comments Lott made at the birthday party of Sen. Strom Thurmond in 2002 and the subsequent intense media coverage , which eventually led to his resignation as the Senate Majority Leader in December 2002 . Lott names several figures who he believes orchestrated his downfall , including members of President George W. Bush 's administration , such as then-Secretary of State , Colin Powell , and former Federal Emergency Management Agency ( FEMA ) head Joe Allbaugh ( who Lott claims has admitted that he intended to bring Lott down as Majority Leader ) ; as well as the successor to Lott as Majority Leader , Sen. Bill Frist . Lott suggests that his forced resignation was a `` strategic plan '' devised by Bush and others who wanted Frist to take his place , since Frist supported key White House policies like the Medicare expansion , which Lott opposed . Lott notes , however , that his response to the Thurmond controversy played poorly in the media . Lott wrote in the book that Frist betrayed him by not telling him about Frist 's decision to run for majority leader beforehand . Lott says he took Frist as his protégé , as Frist had no political/public experience when he was first elected to the Senate . Some suggested that Lott 's book , which portrayed Frist in a negative light , was designed to impede Frist 's possible presidential campaign , but Frist did not run . Lott indicated in the book that he had repaired his relationship with Frist to some extent . Lott also emphasizes his years as Majority Whip in the House and his years as Majority Leader in the Senate , where Lott claims to have built an efficient vote-getting organization and played a key role in several legislative accomplishments , including the Reagan-era budget cuts and tax cuts , and welfare reform and the tobacco settlement during the Clinton years . This emphasis may tie into Lott 's ambition to rejoin the Senate Republican Leadership .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3136ef3a705a62a8c929bb951b25d61a",
"text": "Election An election is a formal decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual to hold public office . Elections have been the usual mechanism by which modern representative democracy has operated since the 17th century . Elections may fill offices in the legislature , sometimes in the executive and judiciary , and for regional and local government . This process is also used in many other private and business organizations , from clubs to voluntary associations and corporations . The universal use of elections as a tool for selecting representatives in modern representative democracies is in contrast with the practice in the democratic archetype , ancient Athens , where the Elections were considered an oligarchic institution and most political offices were filled using sortition , also known as allotment , by which officeholders were chosen by lot . Electoral reform describes the process of introducing fair electoral systems where they are not in place , or improving the fairness or effectiveness of existing systems . Psephology is the study of results and other statistics relating to elections ( especially with a view to predicting future results ) . To elect means `` to choose or make a decision '' , and so sometimes other forms of ballot such as referendums are referred to as elections , especially in the United States .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "27b516a07e60c80bacc40d9851abc89a",
"text": "United States presidential election in Nebraska, 1992 The 1992 United States presidential election in Nebraska took place on November 3 , 1992 , as part of the 1992 United States presidential election . Voters chose five representatives , or electors to the Electoral College , who voted for President and Vice President . Nebraska was won by incumbent President George H.W. Bush ( R-Texas ) with 46.58 % of the popular vote over Governor Bill Clinton ( D-Arkansas ) with 29.40 % . Businessman Ross Perot ( I-Texas ) finished in third with 23.63 % of the popular vote . Clinton ultimately won the national vote , defeating both incumbent President Bush and Perot .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "033a0c3f40eb1d28b96b26f66adb3cf8",
"text": "United States presidential election in New York, 1980 The 1980 United States presidential election in New York took place on November 4 , 1980 . All 50 states and The District of Columbia , were part of the 1980 United States presidential election . New York voters chose forty one electors to the Electoral College , which voted for President and Vice President . New York was won by former California Governor Ronald Reagan , in a narrow victory against President of the United States Jimmy Carter , who failed to gain reelection against Reagan . Also in the running was Independent candidate Congressman John B. Anderson of Illinois , who ran in New York as the Liberal Party candidate . Reagan won the state with a plurality of 46.66 % of the vote to Carter 's 43.99 % , a margin of 2.67 % . Anderson finished in third with 7.54 % . New York 's election results reflect the Republican Party 's re-consolidation of base under what is popularly called the `` Reagan Revolution , '' which sounded various overwhelming conservative electoral victories across the United States throughout the 1980s - and most evidently against the relatively unpopular President Carter during the 1980 presidential election . New York weighed in for this election as more Democratic than the national average by about 7 % . This election is notable in that , while the highly populated regions of New York City , Buffalo , and Albany turned out for Carter , the election in the state was tipped by the majority of less-populated upstate counties , combined with heavily populated suburban counties around NYC , most of which were won by Reagan . Carter actually picked up plurality wins in 2 counties which he had lost in 1976 : Monroe County , home to the city of Rochester , and Niagara County . A major contributing factor to Reagan 's victory over Carter was the relatively strong third party showing by independent candidate John B. Anderson , a former liberal Republican congressman who garnered 8 % of the vote in the State - twice the 4 % margin by which Carter had won New York in 1976 . Running on the ballot line of New York 's Liberal Party , Anderson attracted the votes of many liberals and moderates who normally leaned Democratic but were dissatisfied with the policies of the Carter Administration , thus splitting the left-leaning vote in New York State . In the heavily populated , and very liberal , 5 boroughs of New York City , Carter still won overall , and Reagan made only modest gains in vote share over Gerald Ford 's 1976 showing of 33 % , taking 37 % in the city in 1980 . However , although still winning 4 out of 5 boroughs , Carter bled a massive amount of support in the city to Anderson , dropping from 66 % in 1976 to only 55 % in 1980 . Since Democratic victories in New York State in that era depended on running up massive margins in New York City to overcome the rest of the state 's Republican lean , the reduced margin in the city from vote-splitting would prove fatal to Carter 's chances of winning the state in 1980 . While Reagan only bled about 1 % of Republican base support in the state ( winning a plurality in a 3-way-race with 46.66 % while Gerald Ford had lost the state in a two-man race with 47.52 % in 1976 ) , Carter bled nearly 8 % of his 1976 support , falling from a 51.95 % majority win in 1976 to a losing 43.99 % in 1980 , most of those lost Democratic base votes going to Anderson instead . This remains the last election in which a Republican presidential nominee has won Tompkins County in upstate New York , home to the college town of Ithaca , where Cornell University and Ithaca College are located . Reagan narrowly won the county with a plurality of 42 % to Carter 's 40 % , while Anderson took nearly 14 % , making it Anderson 's strongest county in the state . In 1984 , Tompkins County would vote against Reagan and in the following years it would become the most Democratic county in upstate New York , giving Barack Obama over 70 % of the vote in 2008 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "57861f5dc598b944f774c601e794e432",
"text": "Transpartisan Transpartisanship represents an emerging school of political thought which accepts the validity of truths across a range of political perspectives and seeks to synthesize them into an inclusive , pragmatic container beyond typical political dualities . It is distinct from bipartisanship , which aims to negotiate between `` right '' and `` left , '' resulting in a dualistic perspective , and nonpartisanship , which tends to avoid political affiliation altogether . Transpartisanship is a movement to support and advance a common ground - or `` new center '' - that already exists in U.S. politics , emerging periodically into public view in the form of `` unusual coalitions '' of progressives and conservatives around issues ranging from war and the military budget to corporate power and the surveillance state . The movement builds on methods of facilitated dialogue , deliberation and conflict resolution . Current examples of transpartisan initiatives include Transpartisan Center , TheSolution.org , Reuniting America , Transpartisan Alliance , and Liberty Coalition . Transpartisanship is an emerging field that advocates pragmatic and effective solutions to social and political problems , transcending and including preexisting political ideologies . Transpartisanship encompasses the idea that all systems are inextricably interconnected , and that successful outcomes can best be reached through inclusive , genuine , and respectful cooperation . Transpartisan democracy , in part , seeks to reintegrate the public 's voice in identifying , debating , and shaping governmental policies , while continuing to protect the sovereignty of the individual . The term `` Transpartisanship '' has emerged to provide a meaningful alternative to `` Bipartisanship , '' and `` Nonpartisanship . '' Bipartisanship limits the dialogue process to two political viewpoints or entities , striving for compromise solutions . Nonpartisanship , on the other hand , tends to deny the existence of differing viewpoints in exchange for cooperation . Both the bipartisan and nonpartisan approaches can discount the multiplicity of viewpoints that exist , which often results in incomplete and therefore unsuccessful outcomes . In contrast to these , transpartisanship recognizes the existence and validity of many points of view , and advocates a constructive dialogue aimed at arriving at creative , integrated , and therefore , breakthrough solutions that meet the needs of all present . Transpartisan gatherings have resulted not only in surprisingly civil conversations noted by mainstream media but also in shifts from traditional ideological stances by some participants . A close relative of transpartisanship is Integral politics . A transpartisan approach to policy would necessarily include individual and collective , as well as subjective and objective , perspective . Furthermore , similar to Integral theory , transpartisanship places politics in a developmental context , viewing democracy and prosperity not as static attainments , but rather emergent properties along a continuum of developmental stages .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f1437743745f75ce17a5d0b3ab8969b7",
"text": "United States Senate elections, 1990 The United States Senate elections , 1990 were held on Tuesday , November 6 , 1990 . The Democratic Party increased its majority with a net gain of one seat from the Republican Party . The election took place in the middle of President George H. W. Bush 's term , and , as with most other midterm elections , the party not holding the presidency gained seats in Congress . Only one seat changed parties in this election , as Democrat Paul Wellstone defeated incumbent Republican Rudy Boschwitz ( R-MN ) . Democrats would gain a 57th seat after Harris Wofford won a 1991 special election to replace H. John Heinz III ( R-PA ) , who had died in a plane crash .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "55d98b865d3daa0ef2154fc3d9743276",
"text": "United States presidential election in Alaska, 2004 The 2004 United States presidential election in Alaska took place on November 2 , 2004 throughout all 50 states and D.C. , which was part of the 2004 presidential election . Voters chose 3 representatives , or electors to the Electoral College , who voted for President and Vice President . Alaska was won by incumbent President George W. Bush by a 25.6 % margin of victory . Prior to the election , all 12 news organizations considered this a state Bush would win , or otherwise considered as a safe red state . It has voted for a Republican presidential nominee in every presidential election since statehood , except for 1964 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
01aa3ff318f5e26608b5d6e4b5fcf1fa
|
Champion was based off of a work of fiction.
|
[
{
"docid": "30c4730e31f56a017b44154fb4cfabc8",
"text": "Champion (1949 film) Champion is a 1949 American film noir drama sport film based on a short story by Ring Lardner . It recounts the struggles of boxer `` Midge '' Kelly fighting his own demons while working to achieve success in the boxing ring . The drama was directed by Mark Robson , with cinematography by Franz Planer . The drama features Kirk Douglas , Marilyn Maxwell , and Arthur Kennedy . The film won an Academy Award for Editing and gained five other nominations as well , including a Best Actor for Douglas . Several clips from the film were used in Douglas ' 1999 film Diamonds to illustrate his character 's career as a boxer .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "10708d4de9b6cf293a450160b6bfa766",
"text": "The Champion (TV series) The Champion is an idol drama produced by Mediacorp in Singapore . It was telecast from October 20 to November 16 , 2004 . The show stars Taiwanese idol Toro , Yen Hsing-su , Qi Yuwu , Julian Hee , Jeanette Aw , Felicia Chin , Fiona Xie and Joyce Zhao , all young actors and actresses . This show also marked Jesseca Liu 's acting debut . It received one of the highest viewership rate during the telecast of the show , especially since there were a few semi-nude scenes such as Qi Yuwu stripping on-screen and Fiona Xie and other members of the Flying Fish running down Orchard Road in their bikinis . This was also the first drama which allowed viewers to vote via a SMS competition on Nov 16 2004 for the viewers ' favourite 2-minute short ending which was aired on Nov 17 2004 at 8.58 pm just before the debut of the next drama My Mighty In-Laws .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "85d30ad1242317a1d979e4006c369881",
"text": "Michael Foster (writer) Michael Foster ( 1904-1956 ) was an American novelist , journalist , screenwriter and cartoonist . Foster , who was born August 29 , 1904 , in Hardy , Arkansas , was a graduate of the Chicago Art Institute and became a reporter and cartoonist for newspapers in Salina , Kansas , Los Angeles , California , and , by 1937 , Seattle , Washington . His nickname was `` Gully . '' In 1926 , he was working on the Los Angeles Express , a daily newspaper . A friend , Charles Harris Garrigues , wrote that Foster <blockquote> writes , paints , and has been called the second most promising of the young poets in America by the Lit Dig -LSB- Literary Digest '' ' -RSB- -- does n't know one note of music from another and improvises the most beautiful piano music ... He roomed down at the house for a while until we had a fight over a novel he 's writing and then he moved out -- went on a three weeks ' drunk and only started back to work when I threatened to knock his block off if he did n't . </blockquote> Foster 's first novel , Forgive Adam , was published in 1935 by W. Morrow and Co. . Margaret Wallace of the New York Times said of the author : Michael Foster , a young newspaper man on the Pacific Coast , is the newest recruit to the ranks of the hard-boiled novelists . In the brief declarative sentences of his prose style , in his method of consistent understatement , in his attitude of weary and rather self-conscious disillusionment , he has aligned himself with the school of Hemingway and his imitators . The second novel , American Dream , came in 1937 . American Dream told the story of `` a disillusioned newspaperman who discovers through old family letters what America meant to the writers and what America should mean to him . Several scenes are reminiscent of the tawdry political atmosphere rendered in Ben Hecht 's and Charles MacArthur 's 1928 play , The Front Page . '' . Los Angeles Times reviewer Milton Merlin said that the work was : not an entirely satisfying novel , but it is an ambitious enterprise and an exceptionally compelling story told with feeling and facility ... . Foster , a Seattle reporter , chooses a member of his profession for his central figure . Shelby Thrall , a disillusioned idealist at 30 , reviews three generations of Thralls in an attempt to recapture the meaning of the `` American Dream . '' Shelby 's recollections , stirred by a pile of old , crumbling letters in the attic , cover a span of three generations ... Two books followed -- To Remember at Midnight ( 1938 ) and House Above the River ( 1946 ) . About his final book , The Dusty Godmother ( 1949 ) . reviewer A.C. Spectorsky wrote in the New York Times that Foster had expanded a slick-magazine short story into a light novel which disappoints largely because it has frequent and unfulfilled intimations and overtones of being far more than just that . Garrigues wrote in 1957 after Foster 's death that when Foster `` had done penance to his father by The American Dream , '' he had done all he had to do ... . he had written himself out when he made peace with his father , who was dead ; after that , he drank himself to death trying to find something that was not in him . '' Foster died on March 25 , 1956 , in California .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9d5f20bd463260f19b73e74012ae875a",
"text": "Libertarian science fiction Libertarian science fiction is a subgenre of science fiction that focuses on the politics and social order implied by libertarian philosophies with an emphasis on individualism and private ownership of the means of production -- and in some cases , no state whatsoever . As a category , libertarian fiction is unusual because the vast majority of its authors are self-identified as science fiction authors . This contrasts with the authors of much other social criticism who are largely academic or mainstream novelists who tend to dismiss any genre classification . The identification between libertarianism and science fiction is so strong that the U.S. Libertarian Party often has representatives at science fiction conventions and one of the highest profile authors currently in the subgenre of libertarian science fiction , L. Neil Smith , was the Arizona Libertarian Party 's 2000 candidate for the President of the United States . As a genre , it can be seen as growing out of the 1930s and 1940s when the science-fiction pulp magazines were reaching their peak at the same time as fascism and communism . While this environment gave rise to dystopian novels such as George Orwell 's Nineteen Eighty-Four , in the pulps , this influence more often give rise to speculations about societies ( or sub-groups ) arising in direct opposition to `` totalitarianism . '' Ayn Rand 's novel Atlas Shrugged is a strong ( perhaps the strongest ) influence with an anti-socialist attitude and an individualist ethic that echoes throughout the genre . Of more direct relevance to the science fiction end of this genre is Robert A. Heinlein 's The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress , which is highly regarded even by non-libertarian science fiction readers . An award for libertarian science fiction , the Prometheus Award , is given out every year . Some winners of the award identify as libertarians ( e.g. , L. Neil Smith , Victor Koman , Brad Linaweaver ) , while others do not ( Terry Pratchett , Charles Stross ) . Some other prominent libertarian science fiction authors include S. Andrew Swann and Michael Z. Williamson .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1176092465221393260035b5c451dc74",
"text": "Rose Champion de Crespigny Rose Champion de Crespigny ( born Annie Rose Charlotte Cooper-Key ; circa 1859 -- 10 February 1935 ) was an English artist and author . The daughter of Admiral Sir Astley Cooper Key ( later transcribed as Cooper-Key ) , GCB , ADC , FRS , and his wife , Lady Charlotte Lavinia ( née McNeil ) , Rose married Phillip Augustus Champion De Crespigny , with whom she had two sons , Henry and Frederick . Her paintings tended toward landscape ; her writing , after early forays into genealogical and local history , soon settled into popular fiction . Her work was described in a contemporary review as having `` a certain graceful facility ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b5391ab2fc26e5b8a263e723441535f6",
"text": "Heroes and Villains (football fanzine) Heroes and Villains is the title of a football fanzine written by and primarily aimed at fans of Aston Villa F.C. . It was launched in 1989 , and has been in regular print ever since , long surpassing 100 issues . It has been edited from the start by Dave Woodhall . Although of course primarily concerned directly with the fortunes of Aston Villa , occasionally other general football articles and humorous , nostalgic pieces are to be found amongst its pages . It was often critical of Doug Ellis who was the chairman of Aston Villa during the period 1982 to 2006 ( his second spell at the club ) . He was seen by many fans as being complacent and unambitious regarding the fortunes of the team . As with most fanzines , many articles contain much baiting of local rival football clubs and their fans , in this case chiefly Birmingham City F.C. and West Bromwich Albion F.C. However , a goodly part of the fanzine 's contents consist of contributors ' personal views on and memories of experiences derived from being a supporter of Aston Villa . Aston Villa 's richly varied history , particularly that of the last 25 years and within living memory of most contributors , consisting as it does of Villa 's League Championship and European Cup winning achievements of '81 and ' 82 , their mid '80s decline culminating in relegation in ' 87 , followed by a revival under Graham Taylor 's management which led to an unexpected league runners-up spot just 3 seasons later , provides much material . As does a further , also unexpected , runners up placing in ' 93 , league cup triumphs in '94 and ' 96 , and the generally solid but unspectacular performance of the team , up to the 2005-2006 season 's underachievements and the broad feeling of dissatisfaction with the way the club was being run . Something of a running joke in the fanzine concerns Villa 's underachievement in the FA Cup , the club having not won the competition since 1957 , with their only final appearance since then consisting of a dismal performance in losing 1-0 to the pre-Roman Abramovich Chelsea in 2000 . As the 3rd round of the competition - Villa 's usual entry point - approaches each season , many fans come to the agreement that this year is definitely `` our year for the cup ... '' For the start of the 2014-15 season , the fanzine phased out the paper publishing format of distribution , and is now available only to download to computers , mobile devices , and so on . The fanzine also spawned a website forum which remains very popular among Villa supporters .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "28563a7ec5e6d1ac78e1f62a5336c54c",
"text": "Legal fiction A legal fiction is a fact assumed or created by courts which is then used in order to apply a legal rule . Typically , a legal fiction allows the court to ignore a fact that would prevent it from exercising its jurisdiction , by simply assuming that the fact is different . This is the case with the Bill of Middlesex where the Court of King 's Bench could only exercise jurisdiction over cases which took place in the historic English county of Middlesex . To allow the Court , which was the central court of the land , to take jurisdiction over other cases , parties began to plead that , along with the other facts , there had also been a trespass which occurred in Middlesex . This allowed the King 's Bench to rule on the whole of the case . Legal fictions are different from legal presumptions which assume a certain state of facts until the opposite is proved , such as the presumption of legitimacy . They are different from hypothetical examples , such as the ` reasonable person ' which serve as tools for the court to express its reasoning . They are also different from legal principles which create a legal state of affairs that is different from the underlying facts , such as corporate personhood although these are sometimes wrongly called legal fictions . The term `` legal fiction '' is not usually used in a pejorative way , and has been likened to scaffolding around a building under construction .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b3f937a2070ecffba715aba8752097e7",
"text": "Champion REIT Champion REIT is a real estate investment trust formed to own and invest in an income-producing portfolio of prime grade ` A ' office and commercial properties primarily in Asia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3714e66923cec736f947a9de7bd5357d",
"text": "Love Story (novel) Love Story is a 1970 romance novel by American writer Erich Segal . The book 's origins lay in a screenplay that Segal wrote , and that was subsequently approved for production by Paramount Pictures . Paramount requested that Segal adapt the story into novel form as a preview of sorts for the film . The novel was released on February 14 , 1970 , Valentine 's Day . Portions of the story originally appeared in The Ladies ' Home Journal . Love Story became the top-selling work of fiction for all of 1970 in the United States , and was translated into more than 20 languages . The novel stayed for 41 weeks in The New York Times Best Seller list , reaching the top spot . A sequel , Oliver 's Story , was published in 1977 . The film ( Love Story ) was released on December 16 , 1970 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0f07e3f7da2b35c593f33bd9a60d64db",
"text": "I, the Supreme I , the Supreme ( orig . Spanish Yo el supremo ) is a historical novel written by exiled Paraguayan author Augusto Roa Bastos . It is a fictionalized account of the nineteenth-century Paraguayan dictator José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia , who was also known as `` Dr. Francia . '' The book 's title derives from the fact that Francia referred to himself as `` El Supremo '' or `` the Supreme . '' The first in a long line of dictators , the Supreme was a severe , calculating despot . The central themes of the novel are power and language and the relation between the two . The Supreme believes himself to be above all power and history : `` I do n't write history . I make it . I can remake it as I please , adjusting , stressing , enriching its meaning and truth . '' Yet this assertion is constantly challenged by the very fact that while he achieves power by means of writing and dictating , these very same methods can be used by others to dispute his authority . Not even his own identity , represented by the personal pronoun I , is safe and can easily be usurped as is demonstrated by the incident of the pasquinade . Language , as powerful as it is , can never be controlled and can just as easily be used as an instrument of coercion as an instrument of resistance . During the time the book was written , Paraguay was under the dictatorship of Alfredo Stroessner , who went on to rule the country even longer than Francia did . Many consider the book to be at least in part a thinly disguised attack on Stroessner who used methods similar to Francia 's to achieve and maintain the effective control of the country , including the swift elimination of opposition , the employment of torture and intolerance of dissent . In its portrayal of Francia and criticism of Stroessner , I , the Supreme belongs to the genre of novelas de dictadores or dictator novels , and also to the Latin American Boom , a literary movement of the 1960s and 1970s . The book was first published in Spanish in 1974 , and in English ( translation by Helen Lane ) in 1986 . Like many other works of the Latin American boom , the book never became an international best-seller . It was , however , highly regarded by critics with Gerald Martin claiming that it was , `` an exceptional cultural phenomenon . '' Martin goes on to suggest that it was `` more immediately and unanimously acclaimed than any novel since One Hundred Years of Solitude , -LSB- and its -RSB- strictly historical importance -LSB- may -RSB- be even greater than that of García Márquez 's fabulously successful creation . '' The book 's handling of the themes of power and language was also praised . Still , the novel was not well received by Stroessner 's government and Roa Bastos became `` one of the three citizens forbidden to return '' to Paraguay as a result .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e67aaa4f6a89fbf3fed7fbc1599522e9",
"text": "The Temptations of Jean-Claude Killy `` The Temptations of Jean-Claude Killy '' is an article published in the premiere issue of Scanlan 's Monthly in March 1970 , written by Hunter S. Thompson . The subject of the article is Jean-Claude Killy , the alpine skiing champion who , in the 1968 Winter Olympics , became the second alpine skier ever to win three gold medals in a single olympic games . By the time of the article Killy , then 26 , was retired from skiing and had embarked on the next phase of his career -- endorsements . Thompson 's article follows Killy around the United States during his marketing tour for the Chevrolet automotive company . As he attends automotive shows , holds press conferences , and makes appearances for television ( all in conjunction with fellow Chevrolet spokesman , O.J. Simpson ) Thompson chronicles the newly flush world of celebrity sports endorsements . Though endorsement by a sports figure was not an entirely new concept , the world-wide magnitude of Killy 's stardom made his Chevrolet contract something of a fascination for Thompson . The article 's focus on the relative depths of the new pitch-man status obtained by Killy so shortly after the incredible heights he had achieved develops through acerbic descriptions of the settings Killy finds himself in , the automotive executives that profit by him , and the fans and onlookers who make him such a valuable spokesman . Through it all , Killy 's focus on his own enormous profit is a source of worry to Thompson . The trend he sees developing is one of larger-than-life stars -- athletes of the highest physical standards who have achieved feats unimaginable by normal people -- demeaning themselves and their accomplishments by agreeing to shill for a few extra dollars . An enormous sports fan himself , Thompson is distraught by this turn of events and wonders that Killy was never quite sure `` why I was embarrassed for him in those scenes . '' Thompson compares Killy to F. Scott Fitzgerald 's Gatsby : although , unlike that character , Killy 's dollars are earned honestly , the author concludes while watching Killy 's selling of himself that `` nothing in his narrow , high-powered experience can allow him to understand how I can watch his act and say that it looks , to me , like a very hard dollar -- maybe the hardest . '' The article was later included in Thompson 's collection The Great Shark Hunt ( 1979 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2c00e3902752c111092a08d41658014a",
"text": "Gower Champion Gower Carlyle Champion ( June 22 , 1919 -- August 25 , 1980 ) was an American actor , theatre director , choreographer , and dancer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b034fdced639b53971ec5f9c98772c56",
"text": "The Notion Club Papers The Notion Club Papers is the title of an abandoned novel by J. R. R. Tolkien , written during 1945 and published posthumously in Sauron Defeated , the 9th volume of The History of Middle-earth . It is a space/time/dream travel story , written at the same time as The Lord of the Rings was being developed . The story itself revolves around the meetings of an Oxford arts discussion group called the Notion Club , a fictionalization of ( and a play on words on the name of ) Tolkien 's own such club , The Inklings . During these meetings , Alwin Arundel Lowdham discusses his lucid dreams about Númenor ; through these dreams , he `` discovers '' much about the Númenor story and the languages of Middle-earth ( notably Quenya , Sindarin , and Adûnaic -- the last being the sole source of most of the material on Adûnaic ) . While not finished , at the end of the given story it becomes clear Lowdham himself is a reincarnation of sorts of Elendil . ( Alwin is a modernization of the name Ælfwine , Old English for Elf-friend , or Elendil in Quenya . ) Other members of the Club also mention their vivid dreams of other times and places . Tolkien not only created fictional meetings for these papers but also created a fictional history for the manuscript of the papers . According to the papers , the meetings occurred in the 1980s ; they even mention events that occurred in the 1970s and 1980s . About one-quarter of the papers were found among sacks of waste paper in 2012 at Oxford by a Mr. Green . Mr. Green published a first edition containing excerpts from these papers , indicating that they were written during the 1980s by one of the participants . Two scholars read the first edition , asked to examine the manuscripts , and then submitted a full report . The `` Notes to the Second Edition '' mentions the contradictory evidence in dating the manuscripts , and an alternative date is presented : they may have been written in the 1940s . These papers , which make a number of comments on Lewis ' Space Trilogy , are similar to C. S. Lewis ' commentary to Tolkien 's poem The Lay of Leithian , in which Lewis created a fictional history of scholarship of the poem and even referred to other manuscript tradition to recommend changes to the poem . The Notion Club Papers may be seen as an attempt to re-write The Lost Road , published and discussed in The Lost Road and Other Writings , as being another attempt to tie the Númenórean legend in with a more modern tale . There is , however , no direct connection between the modern settings of the two stories within the fictional frame . Jane Stanford links The Notion Club Papers to The Johnson Club Papers in her biography of John O'Connor Power , That Irishman . The two books have a similar title page . The Johnson Club was a ` Public House School ' and met in taverns like the Inklings . The purpose was ` Fellowship and free Exchange of Mind . ' The two clubs presented papers ` which were read before the members and discussed ' . Samuel Johnson , like Tolkien , had a strong connection with Pembroke College , Oxford . Stanley Unwin , Tolkien 's publisher , was a nephew of Fisher Unwin , the founding member of The Johnson Club . According to Christopher Tolkien , had his father continued The Notion Club Papers , he would have linked the real world of Alwin Lowdham with his eponymous ancestor Ælfwine of England ( who compiled the Lost Tales ) and with Atlantis . One of the members of the Notion Club , one Michael George Ramer , combines lucid dreams with time-travel and experiences the tsunami that sank Númenor . He ca n't tell if its history , or fantasy , or something in between . The Notion Club Papers mentions a great storm occurring during 1987 in England , on 12 June . This can be seen as an odd coincidence , since the actual Great Storm of 1987 occurred in October of that year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad47dc43670072898442977a55502324",
"text": "Character (arts) A character ( sometimes known as a fictional character ) is a person or other being in a narrative work of art ( such as a novel , play , television series , or film ) . The character may be entirely fictional or based on a real-life person , in which case the distinction of a `` fictional '' versus `` real '' character may be made . Derived from the ancient Greek word χαρακτήρ , the English word dates from the Restoration , although it became widely used after its appearance in Tom Jones in 1749 . From this , the sense of `` a part played by an actor '' developed . Character , particularly when enacted by an actor in the theatre or cinema , involves `` the illusion of being a human person . '' In literature , characters guide readers through their stories , helping them to understand plots and ponder themes . Since the end of the 18th century , the phrase `` in character '' has been used to describe an effective impersonation by an actor . Since the 19th century , the art of creating characters , as practiced by actors or writers , has been called characterisation . A character who stands as a representative of a particular class or group of people is known as a type . Types include both stock characters and those that are more fully individualised . The characters in Henrik Ibsen 's Hedda Gabler ( 1891 ) and August Strindberg 's Miss Julie ( 1888 ) , for example , are representative of specific positions in the social relations of class and gender , such that the conflicts between the characters reveal ideological conflicts . The study of a character requires an analysis of its relations with all of the other characters in the work . The individual status of a character is defined through the network of oppositions ( proairetic , pragmatic , linguistic , proxemic ) that it forms with the other characters . The relation between characters and the action of the story shifts historically , often miming shifts in society and its ideas about human individuality , self-determination , and the social order .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "01eca0127bfb875a4607bf56b67f12e0",
"text": "Aurealis Award for best young adult novel The Aurealis Awards are presented annually by the Australia-based Chimaera Publications and WASFF to published works to `` recognise the achievements of Australian science fiction , fantasy , horror writers '' . To qualify , a work must have been first published by an Australian citizen or permanent resident between 1 January and 31 December of the corresponding year ; the presentation ceremony is held the following year . It has grown from a small function of around 20 people to a two-day event attended by over 200 people . Since their creation in 1995 , awards have been given in various categories of speculative fiction . Categories currently include science fiction , fantasy , horror , speculative young adult fiction -- with separate awards for novels and short fiction -- collections , anthologies , illustrative works or graphic novels , children 's books , and an award for excellence in speculative fiction . The awards have attracted the attention of publishers by setting down a benchmark in science fiction and fantasy . The continued sponsorship by publishers such as HarperCollins and Orbit has added weight to the honour of the award . The results are decided by a panel of judges from a list of submitted nominees ; the long-list of nominees is reduced to a short-list of finalists . Ties can occur if the panel decides that both entries show equal merit , however they are encouraged to choose a single winner . The judges are selected from a public application process by the Award 's management team . This article lists all the short-list nominees and winners in the best young-adult novel category , as well as novels that have been highly commended . Three people have won the award twice -- Isobelle Carmody , Garth Nix and Scott Westerfeld . Westerfeld holds the record for most nominations with eight , and Rory Barnes has the most nominations without winning , having been a losing finalist five times .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c3eeb2efb11edfa71a0d04c55fb1d288",
"text": "Champion, New York Champion is a town in Jefferson County , New York , USA . The population was 4,494 at the 2010 census . The town is named after General Henry Champion , early owner . The Town of Champion is in the southern part of the county and is east of Watertown .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "77d48d045420b656d83b442f3d5b4567",
"text": "In Search of Wonder In Search of Wonder : Essays on Modern Science Fiction is a collection of critical essays by Damon Knight . Most of the material in the original version of the book was originally published between 1952 and 1955 in various science fiction magazines including Infinity Science Fiction , Original SF Stories , and Future SF . The essays were highly influential , and contributed to Knight 's stature as the foremost critic of science fiction of his generation . The book also constitutes an informal record of the `` Boom Years '' of science fiction from 1950-1955 . In the opening chapter , Knight states his `` credos '' , two of which are : That science fiction is a field of literature worth taking seriously , and that ordinary critical standards can be meaningfully applied to it : e.g. , originality , sincerity , style , construction , logic , coherence , sanity , garden-variety grammar . That a bad book hurts science fiction more than ten bad notices . Perhaps the most famous essay in the book is `` Cosmic Jerrybuilder : A. E. van Vogt '' , a review of the 1945 magazine serialization of A.E. Van Vogt 's The World of Null-A , in which Knight `` exposed the profound irrationality lying at the heart of much traditional science fiction '' . In 1956 Knight was awarded a Hugo as `` Best Book Reviewer '' based largely on the essays reprinted in this book .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4fd5f51ca6e5bdf768591cb86bf963fc",
"text": "William Hamling (publisher) William Lawrence Hamling ( born 1921 ) was a Chicago-based publisher active from the 1950s into the 1970s . Hamling began as an author . His Shadow of the Sphinx is a horror novel about an ancient Egyptian sorceress . First published during the 1940s in Fantastic Adventures , it was described by Lin Carter as `` the best story of its kind I read in many a moon . The character of Zaleikka was done to perfection . This is the type of yarn we have all too few of nowadays . '' After work as an editor at Ziff-Davis , Hamling started his company , Greenleaf Publishing ( which was at different times known as Greenleaf Classics , Reed Enterprises , Corinth Publications , Regency Publications , Blake Pharmaceuticals , Phenix Publishing and Freedom Publishing ) in the early 1950s with Imagination . His wife , science fiction author Frances Deegan Yerxa Hamling , worked closely with him in the early years of his publishing company . According to L. Sprague de Camp 's 1953 Science-Fiction Handbook , Hamling was at that time a `` slim , dark man who looks too young to be not only an independent publisher but also the father of five . '' In the late 1950s , he began Rogue , and in 1959 , he launched Nightstand Books , an imprint for paperback original sex novels by authors working under house names . ( Later imprints included Leisure Books , Ember Library , Midnight Readers , and others ) . From 1961 on his primary editor was Earl Kemp . Pseudonymous writers for Kemp/Hamling included Lawrence Block , Marion Zimmer Bradley , Harlan Ellison , Evan Hunter , Robert Silverberg , and Donald E. Westlake . Hamling helped finance the defense of bookstore clerk Robert Redrup . His appeal of his conviction on obscenity charges for selling two Greenleaf Books ( Lust Pool and Shame Agent ) in 1965 went to the Supreme Court of the United States , where it was overturned in Redrup v. New York in 1967 . During the Nixon Administration , Hamling published an illustrated edition of the Presidential Report of the Commission on Obscenity and Pornography . The book was `` replete with the sort of photographs the commission examined . '' Hamling and editor Kemp were hit with a one-year prison sentence for distributing the book ( it has been suggested that this prosecution was in part retaliation for Hamling and Kemp 's part in Redrup v. New York ) , but served only the federal minimum of three months and one day . The story of their arrest and prison time was covered in Gay Talese 's Thy Neighbor 's Wife . Hamling published gay-themed books while at Greenleaf , one of the earliest publishers to do so . Novelist Victor J. Banis , one of Hamling 's authors , says that once Greenleaf proved how much of a market there was for erotic gay fiction , other publishers soon joined in .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d30461f8dd64df773fe10387091be45e",
"text": "Champion Without a Crown Champion Without a Crown ( Spanish : Campeón sin corona ) is a 1946 Mexican sports film directed by Alejandro Galindo and starring David Silva , Amanda del Llano and Carlos López Moctezuma . It is set in the world of boxing .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eb956f67a42d6bbcf46a2ad7f6155a51",
"text": "Lists of The New York Times Fiction Best Sellers This is a list of lists by year of The New York Times Fiction Best Sellers . The New York Times Best Seller list was first published without fanfare on 12 October 1931 . It consisted of five fiction and four non-fiction for the New York City region only . The following month the list was expanded to eight cities , with a separate list for each city . By the early 1940s , fourteen cities were included . A national list was created 9 April 1942 , in The New York Times Book Review ( Sundays ) as a supplement to the regular paper 's city lists ( Monday edition ) . The national list ranked by weighting how many times the book appeared in each city list . A few years later , the city lists were eliminated leaving only the national rankings , which was compiled according to `` reports from leading booksellers in 22 cities , '' a system which remains , although the specifics have changed .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6e0cd7aa31da46095e447b273d932476",
"text": "Aristopia Aristopia : A Romance-History of the New World is an 1895 utopian novel by Castello Holford , considered the first novel-length alternate history in English ( and among the earliest alternate histories in general ) . Though part of the major wave utopian and dystopian literature that distinguished the final decades of the nineteenth century , Holford 's book reverses the normal stance of utopian projection : instead of imagining a better society at a future time or in a far-off place , he supposes that the founding of the United States occurred under different conditions and follows its development forward to a superior society in his own day . In Aristopia ( Greek for `` the best place '' ) , Ralph Morton , an early settler in Virginia , discovers a reef made of solid gold . He cannily uses his wealth to build a planned society , based on the Utopia of Sir Thomas More , with innovations and adaptations of his own . In Aristopia , all the land is owned by the government , and only leased to businesses and private citizens . Large-scale trade is also monoplized by the state , and inherited wealth is limited . Morton welcomes productive refugees from European conflicts -- Huguenots , Irish fugitives from Cromwell 's wars , and northern Italian and Swiss artisans . The colony prospers , buys more land from the Indians , and spreads westward . Morton dies at the age of 100 ; his descendants and successors carry his policies forward . The Aristopians support the American Revolution , and on their own initiative conquer Canada . Aristopia comes to dominate the new nation , eventually ruling all of North America north of Mexico . Holford loads his description of Aristopia with satirical remedies for what he saw as contemporary problems and circumstances . In Aristopian jurisprudence , for example , the Court for Assessing the Value of Abstract Words and Phrases polices the language to prevent abuses ; it is the largest and busiest function in the Palace of Justice . The English playwright Henry Arthur Jones was taken with the idea of Aristopia , and used it in his own polemical writings , as in his `` The Tax-Wise Men of Aristopia '' and his My Dear Wells . Holford was not the first writer in English to employ the term `` Aristopia . '' The eighteenth-century freethinker John Fransham ( 1730 -- 1810 ) left a posthumous manuscript titled Memorablilia Classica , which contains a piece called `` The Code of Aristopia , or Scheme for a Perfect Government . ''",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
1a575d4d65431f415208b55cd68de77c
|
Walt Disney passed away in December of 1966.
|
[
{
"docid": "ce07acf7d0c244460988d17eb3c8077a",
"text": "Walt Disney Walter Elias Disney ( -LSB- ˈdɪzni -RSB- December 5 , 1901December 15 , 1966 ) was an American entrepreneur , animator , voice actor and film producer . A pioneer of the American animation industry , he introduced several developments in the production of cartoons . As a film producer , Disney holds the record for most Academy Awards earned by an individual , having won 22 Oscars from 59 nominations . He was presented with two Golden Globe Special Achievement Awards and an Emmy Award , among other honors . Several of his films are included in the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress . Born in Chicago in 1901 , Disney developed an early interest in drawing . He took art classes as a boy and got a job as a commercial illustrator at the age of 18 . He moved to California in the early 1920s and set up the Disney Brothers Studio with his brother Roy . With Ub Iwerks , Walt developed the character Mickey Mouse in 1928 , his first highly popular success ; he also provided the voice for his creation in the early years . As the studio grew , Disney became more adventurous , introducing synchronized sound , full-color three-strip Technicolor , feature-length cartoons and technical developments in cameras . The results , seen in features such as Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs ( 1937 ) , Fantasia , Pinocchio ( both 1940 ) , Dumbo ( 1941 ) and Bambi ( 1942 ) , furthered the development of animated film . New animated and live-action films followed after World War II , including the critically successful Cinderella ( 1950 ) and Mary Poppins ( 1964 ) , the latter of which received five Academy Awards . In the 1950s , Disney expanded into the amusement park industry , and in 1955 he opened Disneyland . To fund the project he diversified into television programs , such as Walt Disney 's Disneyland and The Mickey Mouse Club ; he was also involved in planning the 1959 Moscow Fair , the 1960 Winter Olympics , and the 1964 New York World 's Fair . In 1965 , he began development of another theme park , Disney World , the heart of which was to be a new type of city , the `` Experimental Prototype Community of Tomorrow '' ( EPCOT ) . Disney was a heavy smoker throughout his life , and died of lung cancer in December 1966 before either the park or the EPCOT project were completed . Disney was a shy , self-deprecating and insecure man in private , but adopted a warm and outgoing public persona . He had high standards and high expectations of those with whom he worked . Although there have been accusations that he was racist or anti-semitic , they have been contradicted by family members , employees and animation historians . His reputation changed in the years after his death , from a purveyor of homely patriotic values ( in the right ) to a representative of American imperialism ( in the left ) . Nevertheless , Disney is considered a cultural icon , particularly in the United States , where the company he co-founded is one of the world 's largest and best-known entertainment companies .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "852747ac64d82307a7d6e58b4e363bb7",
"text": "List of lost films For this list of lost films , a lost film is defined as one of which no part of a print is known to have survived . For films in which any portion of the footage remains ( including trailers ) , see List of incomplete or partially lost films . Films may go missing for a number of reasons . One major contributing factor is the common use of nitrate film until the early 1950s . This type of film is highly flammable , and there have been several devastating fires , such as the 1937 Fox vault fire , the 1967 MGM vault fire , and the Universal Pictures fire in 1924 . Black-and-white film prints judged to be otherwise worthless were sometimes incinerated to salvage the meager scrap value of the silver image particles in their emulsions . Films have disappeared when production companies went bankrupt . Occasionally , a studio would remake a film and destroy the earlier version . Silent films in particular were once seen as having no further commercial value and were simply junked to clear out expensive storage space . This is necessarily an incomplete list . Martin Scorsese 's Film Foundation claims that `` half of all American films made before 1950 and over 90 % of films made before 1929 are lost forever . '' Deutsche Kinemathek estimates that 80 -- 90 % of silent films are gone ; the film archive 's own list contains over 3500 lost films . A study by the Library of Congress states that 75 % of all silent films are now lost . While others dispute whether the percentage is quite that high , it is impractical to enumerate any but the more notable and those that can be sourced .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad682aa4d0e24fb2c219e72109a11598",
"text": "Someday at Christmas Someday at Christmas is a Christmas album by Stevie Wonder , released on November 27 , 1967 under Motown Records . It was his eighth studio album release . It would also be re-released in 1978 with different cover art and different catalog number ( Original 1967 catalog : T-281 , 1978 reissue : T7-362 R1 ) . It would again be re-released as part of Universal Music 's Christmas Edition of their successful 20th Century Masters series in 2003 with additional tracks . The title song was previously released as a single in 1966 and reached # 24 on the Billboard Christmas singles chart that year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "90f3c6032836df7a62a6454b60056787",
"text": "Winnie the Pooh and the Blustery Day Winnie the Pooh and the Blustery Day is a 1968 animated featurette based on the third , fifth , ninth , and tenth chapters from Winnie-the-Pooh and the second , eighth , and ninth chapters from The House at Pooh Corner by A. A. Milne . The featurette was produced by Walt Disney Productions and released by Buena Vista Distribution Company on December 20 , 1968 as a double feature with The Horse in the Gray Flannel Suit . This was the second of the studio 's Winnie the Pooh shorts . It was later added as a segment to the 1977 film The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh . The music was written by Richard M. Sherman and Robert B. Sherman . It was notable for being the last animated short produced by Walt Disney , who died during its production . Winnie the Pooh and the Blustery Day won the 1968 Academy Award for Animated Short Film . The Academy Award was awarded posthumously to Walt Disney , who died of lung cancer two years before the film 's initial release . It is also the only Winnie the Pooh production that won an Academy Award . ( Winnie the Pooh and Tigger Too , which was released six years later in 1974 , was nominated for the same Academy Award , but lost to Closed Mondays . ) The animated featurette also served as an inspiration for the Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh ride in Walt Disney World in which the rider experiences several scenes from the cartoon , including Pooh 's Heffalump and Woozle dream .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d10140f7831fb9f288404490f80c7cde",
"text": "The Magic Kingdom: Walt Disney and the American Way of Life The Magic Kingdom : Walt Disney and the American Way of Life is a non-fiction book by Steven Watts .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "136d20de9912526ec97e1e9138244972",
"text": "1966 in the United Kingdom Events from the year 1966 in the United Kingdom .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5cd4079e1b8ae42b48a0fa1f4c29e98b",
"text": "Walt Lloyd Walter `` Walt '' Lloyd is a fictional character portrayed by Malcolm David Kelley in the American ABC television series Lost . The series follows the lives of over forty survivors of the crash of Oceanic Flight 815 . Walt is introduced in the pilot episode as one of the survivors aboard the plane , which crashes onto the island where most of the programme takes place . He is the 10-year-old son of Michael Dawson ( played by Harold Perrineau ) . Walt appears in thirty episodes of Lost ; 27 in seasons one and two as a series regular , and three more episodes as a guest star . He also features in the Lost epilogue `` The New Man in Charge '' . Throughout the series , he is the only child main character . Initially , Walt and Michael have a dysfunctional father-son relationship , causing Walt to form friendships with other survivors , such as Locke and Sun . Walt leaves the island on a raft with Michael and two other survivors during the episode `` Exodus '' , but is kidnapped by a group of hostile island inhabitants known as the Others . Walt is then released by the Others in the episode `` Live Together , Die Alone '' , who claim that he was `` more than -LSB- they -RSB- could handle '' , and he and Michael leave the island at the end of season two . When originally developed , Lost creators intended for Walt to display supernatural powers , such as the ability to summon animals through telepathy , but when Kelley had aged significantly for him to no longer convincingly look ten years old , the character 's arc was changed and Walt was written out of the show . After auditioning many children for the part , Kelley was hired by the programme 's producers , who had been impressed by his performance in the 2002 film Antwone Fisher .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "91e3dbd45a6c1982fc93fa29603a4639",
"text": "Bill Peet Bill Peet ( born William Bartlett Peed ; January 29 , 1915 -- May 11 , 2002 ) , was an American children 's book illustrator and a story writer for Disney Studios . He joined Disney in 1937 and worked first on Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs ( 1937 ) near the end of its production . Progressively , his involvement in the Disney studio 's animated feature films and shorts increased , and he remained there until early in the development of The Jungle Book ( 1967 ) . A row with Disney over the direction of the project led to a permanent personal break . Other feature films that Peet worked on before he left include Pinocchio ( 1940 ) , Fantasia ( 1940 , The Pastoral Symphony sequence ) , Dumbo ( 1941 ) , The Three Caballeros ( 1944 ) , Song of the South ( 1946 , cartoon sequences ) , So Dear to My Heart ( 1948 , cartoon sequences ) , Cinderella ( 1950 ) , Alice in Wonderland ( 1951 ) , Peter Pan ( 1953 ) , Sleeping Beauty ( 1959 ) , 101 Dalmatians ( 1961 ) , The Sword in the Stone ( 1963 ) , and The Jungle Book ( 1967 ) . Peet 's subsequent career was a writer and illustrator of children 's books .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b6288fee2bd1021cbd3c2016ba584e22",
"text": "Walt Disney Studios Walt Disney Studios may refer to : Walt Disney Studios ( division ) , the Walt Disney Company 's Studio Entertainment unit , which includes Disney 's motion picture studios , music labels , theatrical production company , and distribution companies . Walt Disney Studios ( Burbank ) , complex in Burbank , California , built in 1939 , which serves as the corporate headquarters for The Walt Disney Company . It is also a functioning film studio and hosts production facilities for Disney 's various entertainment businesses Walt Disney Animation Studios , the company 's main animation division . Animated films are released under the Walt Disney Pictures label Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , the primary theatrical film distributor of Disney films in the USA and abroad Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment , the primary home media distributor of Disney films in the USA and abroad",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7002269423de8fc785e3408a6c3252ec",
"text": "Floyd Gottfredson Arthur Floyd Gottfredson ( May 5 , 1905 -- July 22 , 1986 ) was an American cartoonist best known for his defining work on the Mickey Mouse comic strip . He has probably had the same impact on the Mickey Mouse comics as Carl Barks had on the Donald Duck comics . Two decades after his death , his memory was honored with the Disney Legends award in 2003 and induction into the Comic Book Hall of Fame in 2006 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1345fa0f325b226ad6f23a1ce07c8a73",
"text": "Donald Duck universe The Donald Duck universe is a fictional shared universe which is the setting of stories involving Disney cartoon character Donald Duck , as well as Daisy Duck , Huey , Dewey , and Louie , Scrooge McDuck , and many other characters . The world is a part of the Mickey Mouse universe , but is more detailed . Life in the Donald Duck universe centers on the city of Duckburg , usually located in the fictional U.S. state of Calisota , analogous to Northern California . The world also incorporates several other real and fictional locations , as well as historical figures and a fictional timeline , which is followed with varying degrees of consistency . Disney comics are the primary medium for Donald Duck stories . Contributors include Americans Carl Barks , Ted Osborne , Don Rosa , Tony Strobl , Al Taliaferro , and William Van Horn , as well as Italians Giovan Battista Carpi , Marco Rota , and Romano Scarpa . Other media includes short films in the Donald Duck series , children 's books such as Little Big Books and Little Golden Books , television series such as DuckTales ( 1987 -- 1990 ) and Darkwing Duck ( 1991 -- 1992 ) , and video games such as QuackShot ( 1991 ) , Goin ' Quackers ( 2000 ) , and DuckTales : Remastered ( 2013 ) . `` Donald Duck universe '' is not an official Disney term , but is sometimes used by fans . Don Rosa has also used the terms Barks Universe and Italian Duck Universe to describe different versions of the world 's continuity . The terms `` Barksian '' or `` Barksian facts '' has also been used to describe the canon of the Donald Duck universe , as many comic book creators and fans only consider the stories by Carl Barks as factual , since he is the creator of many of its major characters , locations and ideas . Don Rosa is an example of this when creating his comic book series The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck , with most of his stories being based on the works by Barks . Additionally , the stories by Al Taliaferro and Ted Osborne are also considered canon by many fans , being that they are the creators of Huey , Dewey and Louie and Grandma Duck , and part of their work precedes Barks ' work .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1ebc4b472b1fb6875dc8c71afaf7f730",
"text": "Junior Woodchucks The Junior Woodchucks of the World are the Scouting organization to which the Disney characters Huey , Dewey , and Louie belong . The Junior Woodchucks were created by Carl Barks in 1951 , in the story `` Operation St. Bernhard '' ( Walt Disney 's Comics and Stories # 125 ) . Later stories introduced a similar organization for girls , the Littlest Chickadees , to which Daisy Duck 's nieces , April , May and June belong . The hallmark of the Junior Woodchucks is their spirited dedication to environmental protection and animal welfare , as well as the preservation of knowledge and the furtherance of science . They are also known for their exalted titles and ranks ( Huey , Dewey , and Louie being promoted to become Ten-Star Generals in the 1951 story of the same name ) and the awarding of buckets of badges , along with severe ideals as to decorum . In this way Barks poked gentle but pointed satire at aspects of the Boy Scouts of America . Junior Woodchucks always carry with them a copy of the Junior Woodchucks ' Guidebook , a fictional guidebook filled with detailed and pertinent information about whatever country or situation the Woodchucks find themselves . Its depth of coverage is remarkable , considering that it is a small paperback book . Don Rosa wrote and drew a story regarding the origin of the Junior Woodchucks ' Guidebook , `` Guardians of the Lost Library '' , which Comics Buyer 's Guide mentioned as possibly the greatest comic book story of all time . Rosa 's later story W.H.A.D.A.L.O.T.T.A.J.A.R.G.O.N. tells of how Huey , Dewey , and Louie came to join the Junior Woodchucks . In 1971 Carl Barks drew a model sheet of the nephews , with some of the drawings showing them in their Junior Woodchuck uniforms , for the Disney studio 's publications department . Most of the early Junior Woodchucks stories appeared in Walt Disney 's Comics and Stories . They also appeared in Donald Duck and in Uncle Scrooge . In 1966 , they got their own title , Huey , Dewey , and Louie and the Junior Woodchucks , published by Gold Key Comics for 62 issues , and then continued by Whitman Comics for another 20 issues until 1983 . The stories which Carl Barks wrote for this comic book , among the last comic book stories he scripted , were drawn by Kay Wright , John Carey and Tony Strobl . More recently Daan Jippes has been commissioned by Egmont to redraw these stories emulating Barks ' style and drawing inspiration from the sketches of Barks ' storyboard-like scripts . Disney Comics published a Junior Woodchucks four issue mini series in 1991 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a726f95087ef3dc33e5f6e7494c9c032",
"text": "Tony Baxter Tony Wayne Baxter ( born February 1 , 1947 ) is the former senior vice president of creative development in Walt Disney Imagineering and was responsible for creating designs and carrying out the construction of attractions all over the world . He announced his departure from his full-time position to become a part-time adviser on February 1 , 2013 , which was also his 66th birthday . During his 47-year tenure with the company , he oversaw the construction of multiple contemporary Disney theme park attractions , including Big Thunder Mountain Railroad , Star Tours , Splash Mountain , The Indiana Jones Adventure , and Journey Into Imagination . Baxter was first hired at Disneyland Park in 1965 as an ice cream scooper on Main Street , U.S.A. at the age of 17 . During his employment at the park , he held many different positions . He later caught the attention of WED Enterprises ( now known as Walt Disney Imagineering ) . During his first 24 years he built up his rank within the company until he was given the position as senior vice president of creative development in Walt Disney Imagineering . His projects include Big Thunder Mountain Railroad at Disneyland , Walt Disney World and Disneyland Paris , and remodeling Fantasyland and Tomorrowland in Disneyland .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0353627425a5615857812a2d8dc9f105",
"text": "Walt Disney: Hollywood's Dark Prince Walt Disney : Hollywood 's Dark Prince is a biography by Marc Eliot , presenting a darker picture of entertainer Walt Disney than his popular perception . Eliot alleges lifelong anti-Semitism and he also documents Disney 's covert activities on behalf of the House Un-American Activities Committee as a spy against Communists in Hollywood . The book also discusses Disney 's alleged right-wing politics , including an incident in which Disney allegedly wore a Barry Goldwater badge while receiving the Medal of Freedom from Goldwater 's political opponent , President Lyndon Johnson just before the 1964 election . Eliot also discusses an allegation that Disney refused to lower the American flag at Disneyland after the assassination of John F. Kennedy . Marc Eliot brings to light the lack of credit for Ub Iwerks for the original Mickey Mouse sketches as well as Disney 's first business partner . Various work strikes at Disney Studio 's in the 1940 's and the very low pay scale of the very talented artists who produced Snow White , Fantasia , Pinocio , Dumbo etc. . While the shadow the book casts on some of Walt Disney 's actions are unnerving . What is fascinating is how many times the company was saved from the brink of financial ruin . As well as how the Disney enterprise grew from making shorts to full length animated films , to distribution , to theme parks and merchandising . Marc Eliot also points out various business friendships that waned as Walt Disney 's perceptions changed from an early appreciation of Charlie Chaplin to referring to him as the little Commie . A long standing friendship with Spencer Tracey that ended when he started dating Katherine Hepburn . Business partnerships with Howard Hughes with an interest free million dollar loan to an offer to acquire RKO Studios and obtain a ten million dollar line of credit to merge the two companies . To Walt 's stressful relationships with family including Roy who at times were not communicating verbally but through memos . Eliot 's book also discusses the urban legend that , in preparation for his death in December 1966 , Disney had himself cryogenically frozen , in the hopes of being returned to life by medical science in the future . Eliot opines that the myth of Disney being frozen is probably false , although Disney did have a strong interest in cryonics . The book also discusses the absence of a birth certificate for Walter Elias Disney and the possibility that Disney was actually born in 1890 , to a peasant woman in Spain , then adopted by the Disneys . Eliot also discusses the possibility that Disney was later passed off as a full decade younger than he actually was . Birth certificates were not universal at that time , so there may be no way to resolve this question . The book has received sharp criticism and some of the book 's claims have been disputed by other authors . Animation historian Michael Barrier , who collected interviews from over 150 of former Disney employees since 1969 , claimed Eliot 's book was `` easily the worst Disney biography I 've ever read . It is packed with errors and distortions . To rely upon Hollywood 's Dark Prince in any way is exactly the opposite of meticulous . '' Barrier also noted that the photo of Walt receiving the Presidential Medal of Freedom showed no presence of a Goldwater button .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6171ad9e66b5b119b5b4b469735fe8ca",
"text": "The Walt Disney Company CIS The Walt Disney Company CIS , LLC is one of The Walt Disney Company 's international divisions . The Walt Disney Company CIS was founded in April 2006 . It is headquartered in Moscow , the capital of Russia . In 2007 , Walt Disney Company CIS and Sony Pictures Russia created the joint venture of Walt Disney Studios Sony Pictures Releasing CIS . The company owns and operates Russian versions of Disney Channel and Playhouse Disney . Disney Channel was originally planned to launch in 2009 , but a Disney Americas deal with Media-One Holdings was denied by Russian authorities . The Walt Disney Company CIS produced the film The Book of Masters . Marina Zhigalova-Ozkan is head of The Walt Disney Company CIS . The Walt Disney Company CIS planned to make two new films in the summer of 2011 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "18ba9fd0f333406b574b1ffc9a90b938",
"text": "December 1966 The following events occurred in December 1966 :",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5df96c0814e26b36c1c686b0693dcb1b",
"text": "26th Academy Awards The 26th Academy Awards honored the best in films of 1953 . The second national telecast of the Awards show drew an estimated 43 million viewers . Shirley Booth , appearing in a play in Philadelphia , presented the Best Actor award through a live broadcast cut-in , and privately received the winner 's name over the telephone from co-host Donald O'Connor . ( Actor Fredric March co-hosted from New York City . ) Gary Cooper filmed his presentation of the Best Actress award in advance on a set in Mexico , with O'Connor announcing the winner 's name . All the major winners in this year were black-and-white films . The big winner was Fred Zinnemann 's From Here to Eternity , with thirteen nominations and eight awards including Best Picture , Best Supporting Actor , Best Supporting Actress , Best Director , Best Screenplay ( Daniel Taradash ) , Best Cinematography ( Burnett Guffey ) , Best Sound , and Best Film Editing . All five of its major actors and actresses were nominated , with secondary players Donna Reed and Frank Sinatra taking home Oscars . The candid film was based on James Jones ' controversial , best-selling novel about Army life on a Hawaiian ( Oahu ) military base just prior to the Pearl Harbor attack and World War II , illustrating the conflict between an individualistic private ( Montgomery Clift ) and rigid institutional authority ( exemplified by the Army ) . Its achievement of eight awards matched the then record held by Gone with the Wind ( 1939 ) . The record would be tied again the following year by On the Waterfront ( 1954 ) . Walt Disney won four awards , which remains the record for the most Oscars won in the same year . William Holden 's speech for Best Actor for his role in Stalag 17 was simply `` Thank You '' , making it one of the shortest speeches ever ; the TV broadcast had a strict cutoff time which forced Holden 's quick remarks . The frustrated Holden personally paid for advertisements in the Hollywood trade publications to thank everyone he wanted to on Oscar night . He also remarked that he felt that either Burt Lancaster or Montgomery Clift should have won the Best Actor Oscar for From Here to Eternity , instead of him .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ee5eb2faf688d2bc896dd479902dc004",
"text": "Warner Bros. Cartoons Warner Bros. . Cartoons , Inc. was the in-house division of Warner Bros. . Pictures during the Golden Age of American animation . One of the most successful animation studios in American media history , Warner Bros. . Cartoons was primarily responsible for the Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies theatrical cartoon short subjects . The characters featured in these cartoons , including Bugs Bunny , Daffy Duck , Porky Pig , Speedy Gonzales , Sylvester and Tweety , Wile E. Coyote and the Road Runner , are among the most famous and recognizable characters in the world . Many of the creative staff members at the studio , including directors and animators such as Chuck Jones , Friz Freleng , Robert McKimson , Tex Avery , Robert Clampett and Frank Tashlin , are considered major figures in the art and history of traditional animation . The Warner animation division was founded in 1933 as Leon Schlesinger Productions , an independent company which produced the popular Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies animated short subjects for release by Warner Bros. . Pictures . In 1944 , Schlesinger sold the studio to Warner Bros. , who continued to operate it as Warner Bros. . Cartoons , Inc. until 1963 . Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies were briefly subcontracted to Freleng 's DePatie-Freleng Enterprises studio from 1964 until 1967 . The Warner Bros. . Cartoons studio briefly re-opened in 1967 before shutting its doors for good two years later . A successor company , Warner Bros. . Animation , was established in 1980 . That company continues to produce Looney Tunes-related works , in addition to television shows and feature films centering on other properties . The classic Warner Bros. animation studio is sometimes referred to as `` Termite Terrace '' , a name given to the temporary headquarters Tex Avery and his animators were assigned to during Avery 's first year as a Looney Tunes director .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0595d2b6d20b844f79d9eba3ba644f06",
"text": "Jack Wagner (announcer) Jack Francis Wagner ( December 17 , 1925 -- June 16 , 1995 ) was an American radio personality and actor best known for his association with Disneyland . He is famous for the various announcements over the park PA , for parades , special events , etc. . He also did voice work for the Walt Disney World Resort , and for the attractions themselves , including instructions , emergency precautions , and safety spiels . Because of the prevalence of his voice over the park , his nickname was `` The Voice of Disneyland '' . The most famous of these announcements is the message signaling that the Walt Disney World Monorail 's doors are closing . This spiel is as follows : `` Please stand clear of the doors . Por favor manténgase alejado de las puertas . '' One of his most famous lines is from a safety spiel at the Matterhorn Bobsleds attraction : `` Remain seated please ; permanecer sentados por favor . '' This line is reprised in the nostalgic fireworks show `` Remember ... Dreams Come True '' , and is also a line in the film Toy Story 2 ( said by Barbie , who was voiced by Jodi Benson ) , as well as the episode `` Rollercoaster : The Musical ! '' in the Phineas and Ferb Disney animated series . The original recording can also be heard in the opening seconds of Anaheim ska punk band No Doubt 's `` Tragic Kingdom '' , a song from the album of the same name . Wagner also enjoyed a lengthy career as a radio announcer at KNX in Los Angeles , and as a television actor , his best-known role being that of the malt-shop proprietor in The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet . He was the younger brother of noted choral director Roger Wagner . Wagner 's son Mike , a former disc jockey and radio programmer , is a Disney executive .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0e5205aab3c0ab7824b64939249c8304",
"text": "William Hanna William Denby `` Bill '' Hanna ( July 14 , 1910 -- March 22 , 2001 ) was an American animator , director , producer , voice actor , and cartoon artist , whose film and television cartoon characters entertained millions of people for much of the 20th century . After working odd jobs in the first months of the Depression , Hanna joined the Harman and Ising animation studio in 1930 . During the 1930s , Hanna steadily gained skill and prominence while working on cartoons such as Captain and the Kids . In 1937 , while working at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer ( MGM ) , Hanna met Joseph Barbera . The two men began a collaboration that was at first best known for producing Tom and Jerry and live action/animated hybrid films . In 1957 , they co-founded Hanna-Barbera , which became the most successful television animation studio in the business , producing programs such as The Flintstones , The Huckleberry Hound Show , The Jetsons , Scooby-Doo , The Smurfs , and Yogi Bear . In 1967 , Hanna-Barbera was sold to Taft Broadcasting for $ 12 million , but Hanna and Barbera remained heads of the company until 1991 . At that time , the studio was sold to Turner Broadcasting System , which in turn was merged with Time Warner in 1996 ; Hanna and Barbera stayed on as advisors . Hanna and Barbera won seven Academy Awards and eight Emmy Awards . Their cartoons have become cultural icons , and their cartoon characters have appeared in other media such as films , books , and toys . Hanna-Barbera 's shows had a worldwide audience of over 300 million people in their 1960s heyday , and have been translated into more than 28 languages .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c2c167832a97ddec1fdab8d7a51479dd",
"text": "The Gnome-Mobile The Gnome-Mobile is a 1967 Walt Disney Productions comedy-fantasy film directed by Robert Stevenson . It was one of the last films personally produced by Walt Disney . It was based on a 1936 book by Upton Sinclair titled The Gnomobile . Walter Brennan plays a dual role as D.J. Mulrooney , the kind-hearted lumber tycoon of Irish descent ; and as the irascible 943-year-old gnome Knobby . The children , Elizabeth and Rodney , were played by Karen Dotrice and Matthew Garber , familiar from their roles as Jane and Michael Banks in Mary Poppins . Tom Lowell who plays the young gnome Jasper in this movie , also appeared in the 1965 Disney film That Darn Cat ! as Canoe , the befuddled surfer boyfriend of Hayley Mills . The Gnome-Mobile was both Matthew Garber and Ed Wynn 's last movie role . Wynn died of throat cancer before the movie was released and Garber died ten years later , having contracted hepatitis while visiting India . Richard and Robert Sherman contributed the song `` Gnome Mobile . '' The Gnome-Mobile was re-released theatrically on November 5 , 1976 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
8e99818654e0eb5aefa175b316774a66
|
Charles II of England died on 13 February 1685.
|
[
{
"docid": "4c1a2dc868b22f8489c76f7a069d1f0b",
"text": "Charles II of England Charles II ( 29 May 1630 -- 6 February 1685 ) was king of England , Scotland and Ireland . He was king of Scotland from 1649 until his deposition in 1651 , and king of England , Scotland and Ireland from the restoration of the monarchy in 1660 until his death . Charles II 's father , Charles I , was executed at Whitehall on 30 January 1649 , at the climax of the English Civil War . Although the Parliament of Scotland proclaimed Charles II king on 5 February 1649 , England entered the period known as the English Interregnum or the English Commonwealth , and the country was a de facto republic , led by Oliver Cromwell . Cromwell defeated Charles II at the Battle of Worcester on 3 September 1651 , and Charles fled to mainland Europe . Cromwell became virtual dictator of England , Scotland and Ireland , and Charles spent the next nine years in exile in France , the Dutch Republic and the Spanish Netherlands . A political crisis that followed the death of Cromwell in 1658 resulted in the restoration of the monarchy , and Charles was invited to return to Britain . On 29 May 1660 , his 30th birthday , he was received in London to public acclaim . After 1660 , all legal documents were dated as if he had succeeded his father as king in 1649 . Charles 's English parliament enacted laws known as the Clarendon Code , designed to shore up the position of the re-established Church of England . Charles acquiesced to the Clarendon Code even though he favoured a policy of religious tolerance . The major foreign policy issue of his early reign was the Second Anglo-Dutch War . In 1670 , he entered into the secret treaty of Dover , an alliance with his first cousin King Louis XIV of France . Louis agreed to aid him in the Third Anglo-Dutch War and pay him a pension , and Charles secretly promised to convert to Catholicism at an unspecified future date . Charles attempted to introduce religious freedom for Catholics and Protestant dissenters with his 1672 Royal Declaration of Indulgence , but the English Parliament forced him to withdraw it . In 1679 , Titus Oates 's revelations of a supposed `` Popish Plot '' sparked the Exclusion Crisis when it was revealed that Charles 's brother and heir ( James , Duke of York ) was a Catholic . The crisis saw the birth of the pro-exclusion Whig and anti-exclusion Tory parties . Charles sided with the Tories , and , following the discovery of the Rye House Plot to murder Charles and James in 1683 , some Whig leaders were executed or forced into exile . Charles dissolved the English Parliament in 1681 , and ruled alone until his death on 6 February 1685 . He was received into the Roman Catholic Church on his deathbed . Charles was popularly known as the Merry Monarch , in reference to both the liveliness and hedonism of his court and the general relief at the return to normality after over a decade of rule by Cromwell and the Puritans . Charles 's wife , Catherine of Braganza , bore no live children , but Charles acknowledged at least twelve illegitimate children by various mistresses . He was succeeded by his brother James .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "e820036b77ffddafd5384705332b02da",
"text": "Charles II Charles II may refer to : Charles the Bald ( 823 -- 877 ) , king of the West Franks and Holy Roman Emperor Charles II of Naples ( 1254 -- 1309 ) Charles II of Alençon ( 1297 -- 1346 ) Charles II of Navarre ( 1332 -- 1387 ) Charles II , Duke of Lorraine ( 1364 -- 1431 ) Charles II , Duke of Bourbon ( 1434 -- 1488 ) Charles II , Duke of Savoy ( 1489 -- 1496 ) Charles II , Archduke of Inner Austria ( 1540 -- 1590 ) Charles II , Duke of Elbeuf ( 1596 -- 1657 ) Charles II , Duke of Mantua and Montferrat ( 1629 -- 1665 ) Charles II of England ( 1630 -- 1685 ) , Scotland and Ireland Charles II , Elector Palatine ( 1651 -- 1685 ) Charles II of Spain ( 1661 -- 1700 ) Charles VI , Holy Roman Emperor ( 1685 -- 1740 ) , also known as Charles II of Bohemia Charles de Secondat , baron de Montesquieu ( 1689 -- 1755 ) , French political philosopher of the Enlightenment era Charles II , Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz ( 1741 -- 1816 ) Charles II of Norway ( 1748 -- 1818 ) , also known as Charles XIII of Sweden Charles II of Sweden ( 1409 -- 1470 ) , usually called Charles VIII Landgrave Charles of Hesse-Kassel ( 1744 -- 1836 ) Charles II , Duke of Parma ( 1799 -- 1883 ) Charles II , Duke of Guelders ( 1467 -- 1538 ) Charles II , Landgrave of Hesse-Philippsthal ( 1803 -- 1868 ) Charles II , Lord of Monaco ( 1555 -- 1589 ) Charles II , Duke of Brunswick ( 1804 -- 1873 ) Charles II , Count of Nevers ( died 1521 ) Charles II , Margrave of Baden-Durlach ( 1529 -- 1577 ) Charles Christian II ( 1818 -- 1886 ) Charles II , Count of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen ( 1547 -- 1606 ) Charles Ridgely II ( 1702 -- 1772 ) Charles Scribner II ( 1854 -- 1930 ) Charles Tyroler II ( died 1995 ) Charles Cabrier II",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "75b4fa4f4f7dcd2f29464fa79f7403c6",
"text": "Jane Howard, Duchess of Norfolk Jane Howard , Duchess of Norfolk ( née Bickerton ; 1643/4 - 28 August 1693 ) , was the second wife of Henry Howard , 6th Duke of Norfolk . Bickerton came from a very modest social background . Her parents were Anne Hester and Robert Bickerton , Gentleman of the Wine Cellar to King Charles II of England . She met Howard when he was heir presumptive to his unmarried brother Thomas and became his mistress . She started living with him after the death of his wife , Lady Anne Somerset , in 1662 . Upon his brother 's death in 1677 , Howard succeeded to the dukedom and made his marriage to Bickerton public , though it may have taken place a year earlier , with the Duke 's children by Lady Anne Somerset protesting against the marriage . Family feeling became so bad that the Duke went abroad for a time with his new wife . The Duke and Duchess of Norfolk had four sons , all of whom died childless , and three daughters : George Howard , married but childless James Howard , drowned unmarried in August 1702 Frederick Henry Howard ( d. 16 March 1727 ) , married but childless Lady Catherine Howard , a nun in Flanders Lady Elizabeth Howard , m. 1st Duke of Gordon , had issue . Later became a nun in Flanders Lady Philippa Howard ( d. January 1683 ) , who had issue After the Duke 's death in 1684 , the Duchess married a Scotsman , Thomas Maxwell . John Evelyn had a very low opinion of her : on a visit to the Duke not long before the latter 's death he wrote uncharitably : '' Went to visit the Duke of Norfolk and to know whether he would sell me any of his cartoons and other drawings of Raphael and the great masters . He answered me that he would part with and sell anything for money but his wife the Duchess who stood near him ; and I thought with myself that if I were in his condition she should be the first thing that I would be glad to part with .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "33472e415e0ea5b1ed960408df64d206",
"text": "List of Ordinances and Acts of the Parliament of England, 1642–60 This is a list of Ordinances and Acts of the Parliament of England from 1642 to 1660 , during the English Civil War and the Interregnum . As King Charles I of England would not assent to Bills from a Parliament at war with him , decrees of Parliament before the Third English Civil War were styled ordinances . The Rump Parliament reverted to using the term `` Act '' on 6 January 1649 when it passed the Act erecting a High Court of Justice for the trial of the King ( when any possibility of reconciliation between King and Parliament was over ) . All but one subsequent decree were termed Acts through to the end of the interregnum . All of these Ordinances and Acts were considered void after the English Restoration due to their lack of Royal Assent .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b54ab8d43fc8f39cabd9f77deaad2bc5",
"text": "Charles Montagu, 1st Duke of Manchester Charles Edward Montagu , 1st Duke of Manchester PC ( c. 1662 -- 20 January 1722 ) , previously 4th Earl of Manchester , son of Robert Montagu , 3rd Earl of Manchester , was educated at Trinity College , Cambridge , and succeeded to his father 's earldom in 1683 . Warmly sympathizing with the Whig revolution of 1688 , he attended William and Mary at their coronation , and fought under William at the Boyne . In 1697 , he was sent as an envoy to Venice to try to procure the release of British sailors , but the Venetians proved unwilling to negotiate . On his return in 1698 , he was appointed a privy councillor . The following year he was sent as British ambassador to France , remaining there until the outreak of war in 1701 . He was then briefly appointed Secretary of State for the Southern Department , a post he held between January and May 1702 . He was then out of office until again sent to Venice , as ambassador , but during his time there in 1707 and 1708 , this negotiations ( to persuade Venice to adhere to the Grand Alliance ) were again unsuccessful . In 1714 he received an appointment in the household of George I , by whom on 28 April 1719 he was created Duke of Manchester . In 1719 he was one of the main subscribers to the Royal Academy of Music ( 1719 ) , a corporation that produced baroque opera on the stage . He died on 20 January 1722 . He was the father of both the 2nd Duke of Manchester and the 3rd Duke of Manchester .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "38fe1d90daf361506a260ac3ab3b0191",
"text": "Church of England The Church of England ( C of E ) is the state church of England . The Archbishop of Canterbury ( currently Justin Welby ) is the most senior cleric , although the monarch is the supreme governor . The Church of England is also the mother church of the international Anglican Communion . It dates its establishment as a national church to the 6th-century Gregorian mission to Kent led by Augustine of Canterbury . The English church renounced papal authority when Henry VIII failed to secure an annulment of his marriage to Catherine of Aragon in the 1530s . The English Reformation accelerated under Edward VI 's regents before a brief restoration of papal authority under Queen Mary I and King Philip . The Act of Supremacy 1558 renewed the breach and the Elizabethan Settlement charted a course whereby the English church was to be both Catholic and Reformed : Catholic in that it views itself as a part of the universal church of Jesus Christ in unbroken continuity with the early apostolic church . This is expressed in its emphasis on the teachings of the early Church Fathers , as formalised in the Apostles ' , Nicene , and Athanasian creeds . Reformed in that it has been shaped by some of the doctrinal principles of the 16th-century Protestant Reformation , in particular in the Thirty-Nine Articles of Religion and the Book of Common Prayer . In the earlier phase of the English Reformation there were both Catholic martyrs and radical Protestant martyrs . The later phases saw the Penal Laws punish Roman Catholic and nonconforming Protestants . In the 17th century , political and religious disputes raised the Puritan and Presbyterian faction to control of the church , but this ended with the Restoration . Papal recognition of George III in 1766 led to greater religious tolerance . Since the English Reformation , the Church of England has used a liturgy in English . The church contains several doctrinal strands , the main three known as Anglo-Catholic , Evangelical and Broad Church . Tensions between theological conservatives and progressives find expression in debates over the ordination of women and homosexuality . The church includes both liberal and conservative clergy and members . The governing structure of the church is based on dioceses , each presided over by a bishop . Within each diocese are local parishes . The General Synod of the Church of England is the legislative body for the church and comprises bishops , other clergy and laity . Its measures must be approved by both Houses of Parliament .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "85d9863eaadb5433e26ea8b4952595ee",
"text": "Charles III of England There has not been an English , Scottish nor British king with the title Charles III , but it is sometimes used to refer to : Charles Edward Stuart ( 1720 -- 1788 ) , Jacobite pretender to the throne Charles , Prince of Wales ( born 1948 ) , heir apparent to the throne of the United Kingdom",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "891144fcd6d3a8a17e6fef5ef903394e",
"text": "Duke of Marlborough (title) Duke of Marlborough ( -LSB- localaudio = En-uk-Marlborough . oggˈmɔːlbrə -RSB- ) is a title in the Peerage of England . It was created by Queen Anne in 1702 for John Churchill , 1st Earl of Marlborough ( 1650 -- 1722 ) , the noted military leader , and indeed an unqualified reference to the Duke of Marlborough in a historical text will almost certainly refer to him . The name of the dukedom refers to Marlborough in Wiltshire . It is one of the few titles in the peerage which allows for suo jure '' female inheritance , and the only current dukedom to do so . The earldom of Marlborough was held by the family of Ley from its creation 1626 until its extinction with the death of the 4th earl in 1679 . The title was recreated 10 years later for John Churchill ( in 1689 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "115bc64578b0078928515db0cfdc76cc",
"text": "Henry Mildmay Sir Henry Mildmay ( ca. 1593 -- 1668 ) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1621 and 1659 . He supported the Parliamentarian cause in the English Civil War and was one of the Regicides of Charles I of England . Mildmay was knighted in 1617 and made Master of the Jewel Office in 1618 . In 1621 , Mildmay was elected Member of Parliament for Maldon . He was elected MP for Westbury in 1624 and Maldon again in 1625 and 1628 . He sat until 1629 when King Charles decided to rule without parliament for eleven years He attended Charles I on a visit to Scotland in 1639 . In April 1640 Mildmay was elected MP for Maldon in the Short Parliament . He was re-elected MP for Maldon in the Long Parliament in November 1640 He supported parliament during the Civil War and was a revenue commissioner between 1645 and 1652 . In 1646 he was left as hostage in Scotland . He remained in the Rump Parliament after Pride 's Purge and was present at the trial of Charles I. Mildmay was a member of the Councils of State from 1649 until 1652 . He was called on to account for the king 's jewels in 1660 and attempted to escape . He was disgraced and sentenced to imprisonment for life . In 1664 a warrant was issued for his transportation to Tangier , where he died four years later .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2c107b9394e95f8a68ec11ef8ad2d9f8",
"text": "Caroline era The Caroline or Carolean era refers to the era in English and Scottish history during the Stuart period ( 1603 -- 1714 ) that coincided with the reign of Charles I ( 1625 -- 1642 ) , Carolus being Latin for Charles . The Caroline era followed the Jacobean era , the reign of Charles 's father James I ( 1603 -- 1625 ) ; it was followed by the English Civil War ( 1642 -- 1651 ) and the English Interregnum ( 1651 -- 1660 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "613fedcfac06a74bef8deb2239762c04",
"text": "Edward Radclyffe, 2nd Earl of Derwentwater Edward Radclyffe , 2nd Earl of Derwentwater ( 1655 -- 29 April 1705 ) was an English peer , styled Viscount Radclyffe from 1688 to 1695 . He inherited the earldom from his father , Francis Radclyffe , 1st Earl of Derwentwater in 1697 . On 18 August 1687 he had married Lady Mary Tudor , the natural daughter of King Charles II . Their children were : James Radclyffe , 3rd Earl of Derwentwater ( 1689 -- 1716 ) Hon. Francis Radclyffe ( 2 February 1691 -- 15 May 1715 ) Hon. Charles Radclyffe ( 1693 -- 1746 ) Lady Mary Tudor Radclyffe ( 6 October 1697 -- 16 March 1756 )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "db71500e06f203cc8fcd279a14356c83",
"text": "Hundred Years' War The Hundred Years ' War was a series of conflicts waged from 1337 to 1453 by the House of Plantagenet , rulers of the Kingdom of England , against the House of Valois , rulers of the Kingdom of France , over the succession of the French throne . Each side drew many allies into the war . It was one of the most notable conflicts of the Middle Ages , in which five generations of kings from two rival dynasties fought for the throne of the largest kingdom in Western Europe . The war marked both the height of chivalry and its subsequent decline , and the development of strong national identities in both countries . After the Norman Conquest , the kings of England were vassals of the kings of France for their possessions in France . The French kings had endeavored , over the centuries , to reduce these possessions , to the effect that only Gascony was left to the English . The confiscation or threat of confiscating this duchy had been part of French policy to check the growth of English power , particularly whenever the English were at war with the Kingdom of Scotland , an ally of France . Through his mother , Isabella of France , Edward III of England was the grandson of Philip IV of France and nephew of Charles IV of France , the last king of the senior line of the House of Capet . In 1316 , a principle was established denying women succession to the French throne . When Charles IV died in 1328 , Isabella , unable to claim the French throne for herself , claimed it for her son . The French rejected the claim , maintaining that Isabella could not transmit a right that she did not possess . For about nine years ( 1328 -- 1337 ) , the English had accepted the Valois succession to the French throne , but the interference of the French king , Philip VI , in Edward III 's war against Scotland permitted Edward III to reassert his claim to the French throne . Several overwhelming English victories in the war -- especially at Crecy , Poitiers , and Agincourt -- raised the prospects of an ultimate English triumph . However , the greater resources of the French monarchy precluded a complete conquest . Starting in 1429 , decisive French victories at Orléans , Patay , Formigny , and Castillon concluded the war in favour of France , with England permanently losing most of its major possessions on the continent . Historians commonly divide the war into three phases separated by truces : the Edwardian Era War ( 1337 -- 1360 ) ; the Caroline War ( 1369 -- 1389 ) ; and the Lancastrian War ( 1415 -- 1453 ) . Local conflicts in neighbouring areas , which were contemporarily related to the war , including the War of the Breton Succession ( 1341 -- 1364 ) , the Castilian Civil War ( 1366 -- 1369 ) , the War of the Two Peters ( 1356 -- 1375 ) in Aragon , and the 1383 -- 85 Crisis in Portugal , were availed by the parties to advance their agendas . Later historians adopted the term `` Hundred Years ' War '' as a historiography periodization to encompass all of these events , thus constructing the longest military conflict in European history . The war owes its historical significance to multiple factors . By its end , feudal armies had been largely replaced by professional troops , and aristocratic dominance had yielded to a democratisation of the manpower and weapons of armies . Although primarily a dynastic conflict , the war gave impetus to ideas of French and English nationalism . The wider introduction of weapons and tactics supplanted the feudal armies where heavy cavalry had dominated , and artillery became important . The war precipitated the creation of the first standing armies in Western Europe since the time of the Western Roman Empire and thus helping to change their role in warfare . With respect to the belligerents , in France , civil wars , deadly epidemics , famines , and bandit free-companies of mercenaries reduced the population drastically . English political forces over time came to oppose the costly venture . The dissatisfaction of English nobles , resulting from the loss of their continental landholdings , became a factor leading to the civil wars known as the Wars of the Roses ( 1455 -- 1487 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "56d3c2ac8988ce13059a41fd284c6a58",
"text": "George Goring, 1st Earl of Norwich George Goring , 1st Earl of Norwich ( 28 April 1585 -- 6 January 1663 ) was an English soldier and politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1621 and 1628 when he was raised to the peerage . Goring was the son of George Goring of Hurstpierpoint and Ovingdean , Sussex , and his wife Anne Denny , sister of Edward Denny , 1st Earl of Norwich . He matriculated from Sidney Sussex College , Cambridge in 1600 , and may subsequently have spent some time in Flanders . He was knighted in 1608 , became a favourite at court and benefitted from successful overseas policy and monopolies granted by King Charles I . In 1621 he was elected Member of Parliament for Lewes . He was made Knight Marshal in 1623 . He was re-elected MP for Lewes in , 1624 , 1625 , 1626 and 1628 . In 1628 he was created Baron Goring . He became a privy councillor in 1639 and Vice-Chamberlain of the Household . One year later the troubles between Charles and his Parliament became acute and Goring devoted his fortune freely to the royal cause ; the king in November 1644 recreated for him the title which he created in 1628 for Lord Denny , Earl of Norwich , his uncle , which had just become extinct on his death . He went with Queen Henrietta Maria to the Netherlands in 1642 to raise money for the king , and in the autumn of the next year he was seeking arms and money from Cardinal Mazarin in Paris . His acts were revealed to the parliament in January 1644 by an intercepted letter to Henrietta Maria . He was consequently impeached of high treason but prudently remained abroad until 1647 , albeit deprived of his lands and income , when he received a pass from parliament under a pretext of seeking reconciliation . Thus he was able to take a prominent part in the Second Civil War of 1648 . He commanded the Kentish levies , which Fairfax dispersed at Maidstone and elsewhere and was forced to surrender unconditionally at Colchester . Norwich 's refusal to surrender , even after the cause was known to be hopeless and the people of the town begged him to surrender , was considered to be against the rules of war . Two of his commanders were executed after the siege for their part in it . Norwich was condemned to exile in November 1648 by a vote of the House of Commons , but the next month the vote was annulled . Early in the next year a court formed under John Bradshaw and tried : Norwich , the Duke of Hamilton , Lord Capel , the Earl of Holland and Sir John Owen . Each received a death sentence on 6 March 1649 , but petitions for mercy were presented to parliament , and Norwich 's life was spared by the Speaker 's casting vote . Shortly after his liberation from prison in May 1649 he joined the exiled court of Charles II who employed him in fruitless negotiations with the duke of Lorraine . He became captain of the king 's guard at the Restoration , and in consideration of the fortune he had spent or income he had foregone in the king 's service a pension of 2000 pounds per year was granted him . Norwich died at Brentford on 6 January 1663 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2564133db7e08da8718ed136644754b5",
"text": "Andrew Broughton Andrew Broughton ( 1602/3 -- 1687 ) was Clerk of the Court at the High Court of Justice for the trial King Charles I of England . There are not many records of his early life . He was probably born in Seaton , Rutland as the younger son of Richard Broughton ( d. 1635 ) . By 1627 Broughton was living in Maidstone , Kent and in 1639 he was appointed clerk of the peace for the county of Kent by the Earl of Pembroke who was at that time Lord Chamberlain . He lost this position under the machinations surrounding the start of the English Civil War , specifically his involvement in the impeachment of Earl of Strafford and the imprisonment of Geoffrey Palmer for protesting against the Grand Remonstrance . `` Broughton was a member of the Kent county committee from 1643 . He acted as attorney on behalf of the corporation of Maidstone during the First English Civil War . In November 1648 he was elected Mayor of the town . Two months later he was appointed Clerk of the Court at the High Court of Justice for the trial King Charles I of England . As Clerk of the Court , it was Broughton who read out the charge against the king and required him to plead , and at the end of the trial declared the court 's sentence of death . During the English Interregnum he served as a member of the Barebones Parliament , on the Council of State between 14 July 1653 and November 1653 , and in the Third Protectorate Parliament in which `` Towards Richard himself he was positively insulting '' ( Woolrych , 222 ) . At the Restoration Broughton , was exempted from the general pardon under the Indemnity and Oblivion Act , and was likely to lose his life -- The other clerk at the trial , John Phelps was also exempted but only for `` penalties not extending to Life '' -- so Broughton and Phelps fled , reports in 1662 placed them in Hamburg , but later that year Broughton arrived in Lausanne in Switzerland where several other regicides were residing . In 1664 he travelled to Bern with Edmund Ludlow and Nicholas Love , to thank the senate of Bern for their offer of sanctuary . Broughton remained in exile for 25 years dying peacefully in Vevey , where he was buried in the church of St Martin .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bb4f0bfc79d80601c2f00963352bf3d7",
"text": "Jacobean architecture The Jacobean style is the second phase of Renaissance architecture in England , following the Elizabethan style . It is named after King James I of England , with whose reign ( 1603-1625 in England ) it is associated . At the start of James ' reign there was little stylistic break in architecture , as Elizabethan trends continued their development . However his death in 1625 came as a decisive change towards more classical architecture , with Italian influence , was in progress , led by Inigo Jones ; the style this began is sometimes called Stuart architecture , or English Baroque ( though the latter term may be regarded as starting later ) . Courtiers continued to build large prodigy houses , even though James spent less time on summer progresses round his realm than Elizabeth had . The influence of Flemish and German Northern Mannerism increased , now often executed by immigrant craftsmen and artists , rather than obtained from books as in the previous reign . There continued to be very little building of new churches , though a considerable amount of modifications to old ones , but a great deal of secular building .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d9ff9eaddc5b5fb137a170fa0a4d0831",
"text": "Charles FitzRoy, 2nd Duke of Cleveland Charles Palmer , later FitzRoy , 2nd Duke of Cleveland , 1st Duke of Southampton , KG , Chief Butler of England ( 18 June 1662 -- 9 September 1730 ) , styled Baron Limerick before 1670 and Earl of Southampton between 1670 and 1675 , was the eldest son of Barbara Palmer , Countess of Castlemaine ( née Barbara Villiers , later 1st Duchess of Cleveland ) and the illegitimate son of King Charles II of England , Scotland and Ireland . As the putative son of Roger Palmer , 1st Earl of Castlemaine , his nominal father , he was styled Lord Limerick from birth . His birth marked the separation of his parents ; Lord Castlemaine , a Roman Catholic , had him baptised into the Roman Catholic faith , but six days later the King had him re-christened into the Church of England . In 1670 , at the age of eight , he was betrothed to Mary Wood , daughter of Sir Henry Wood , Clerk of the Green Cloth , but with the proviso that the marriage be delayed until Mary turned 16 . Following the death of her father , the Duchess of Cleveland more or less abducted Mary , with the intention of bringing her up with her own children . He had no children of this marriage but had from his second marriage to Anne Pulteney . In 1675 he was created Duke of Southampton and upon the death of his mother in 1709 he became 2nd Duke of Cleveland , by a special remainder in the Dukedom which allowed it to pass to him , even though he was illegitimate . He died aged 68 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1ed575c937eb9295693bf7b8974c113d",
"text": "Gunselm de Badlesmere Guncelin de Badlesmere ( 12321301 ) , son of Bartholomew de Badlesmere ( died 1248 ) , was Justice of Chester and Cheshire in England . Guncelin de Badlesmere was appointed to the office of Justice of Chester and Cheshire on 16 October 1274 . He held this position until 1281 , when Reynold de Grey was appointed to this role and Gunselm was instructed to deliver the associated premises to him with effect from 29 September of that year . An example of his close connection with the Crown appears in the account of the delivery of the royal seal of King Edward I by his son Edward to the Lord Chancellor , John de Langeton , which took place at Tonbridge Castle , Kent on 27 August 1297 , with Sir Guncelin de Badlesmere being one of the witnesses . Gunselin was evidently still alive on 22 March 1299/1300 , when Walter de Gloucester , as `` escheator this side the Trent '' , was instructed to investigate allegations that Guncelm had damaged property belonging to the estate of Edward , son and heir of Philip Burnel , a minor whom the King had committed into Guncelin 's custody . On 13 April 1301 , a writ was issued to initiate enquiries into the identity of the next heir of lands that had been held directly from the King by Guncelin de Badlesmere . Presumably , he had died shortly before that date . An inquisition post mortem held on 30 April of that year in respect of land he held in Kent at Badlesmere and Donewelleshethe confirmed that the next heir was his son Bartholomew de Badlesmere , 1st Baron Badlesmere ( 12751322 ) . By 4 October 1302 , it was established that the damage to Edward Burnel 's inheritance had taken place before Gunselin became involved . Therefore , the lands concerned were to be delivered to the executors of Gunselin 's will . He died in the 29th year of the reign of Edward I ( in 1301 ) , and was buried in Badlesmere church , where in 1800 it was reported that his wooden cross-legged effigy could still be found .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "343faa2922f0d3ecf5ab80e64fa2eed2",
"text": "State funerals in the United Kingdom In the United Kingdom , a state funeral is usually reserved for a monarch . The last such funeral was held in 1952 for King George VI . In addition , very exceptionally , a state funeral may be held to honour a highly distinguished figure , with the approval of the monarch and with Parliament 's approval ( of the expenditure of public funds ) . This last happened in 1965 for Sir Winston Churchill . Other funerals ( including those of senior members of the Royal Family and high-ranking public figures ) may share many of the characteristics of a state funeral without being gazetted as such ; for these , the term ` ceremonial funeral ' is used . In the 21st century , the funerals of Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother ( 2002 ) and Baroness Thatcher ( 2013 ) have fallen into this category . Along with the funeral service itself ( which will be a large-scale national occasion ) , these events tend to be characterized by the use of a gun carriage to transport the coffin between locations , accompanied by a procession of military bands and detachments along with mourners and other officials . They may also feature a lying in state and other associated ceremonies .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d712ac1bba41125aa5bb47d7bf0d2c1f",
"text": "Charles V of France Charles V ( 21 January 1338 -- 16 September 1380 ) , called the Wise ( French : `` le Sage '' ) , was a monarch of the House of Valois who ruled as King of France from 1364 to his death . In 1349 , as a young prince , Charles received from his grandfather King Philip VI the province of Dauphiné to rule . This allowed him to bear the title `` Dauphin '' until his coronation , which led to the integration of the Dauphiné into the crown lands of France . After 1350 , all heirs apparent of France bore the title of Dauphin until their coronation . Charles became regent of France when his father John II was captured by the English at the Battle of Poitiers in 1356 . To pay the ransom , Charles raised taxes . As a result , he faced hostility from the nobility , led by Charles the Bad , King of Navarre ; the opposition of the French bourgeoisie , which was channeled through the Estates-General led by Etienne Marcel ; and with peasant revolts known as Jacqueries . Charles overcame all of these rebellions , but in order to liberate his father , he had to conclude the Treaty of Brétigny in 1360 , in which he abandoned large portions of south-western France to Edward III of England and agreed to pay a huge ransom . Charles became king in 1364 . With the help of talented advisers known as the Marmousets , his skillful management of the kingdom allowed him to replenish the royal treasury and to restore the prestige of the House of Valois . He established the first permanent army paid with regular wages , which liberated the French populace from the companies of routiers who regularly plundered the country when not employed . Led by Bertrand du Guesclin , the French Army was able to turn the tide of the Hundred Years ' War to Charles ' advantage , and by the end of Charles ' reign , they had reconquered almost all the territories ceded to the English in 1360 . Furthermore , the French Navy , led by Jean de Vienne , managed to attack the English coast for the first time since the beginning of the Hundred Years ' War . Charles V died in 1380 . He was succeeded by his son Charles VI the Mad , whose disastrous reign allowed the English to regain control of large parts of France .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a6836a4aa26fc228e638fca29b8d24fb",
"text": "Thomas Reynell Thomas Reynell ( 13 September 1625 -- 1698 ) was an English lawyer and politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1654 and 1689 . Reynell was the eldest son of Sir Richard Reynell of East Ogwell , Devon and his wife Mary Reynell , daughter of Richard Reynell of Creedy Widger . He was educated at Exeter College , Oxford in 1640 and entered Middle Temple in 1641 . In 1647 he was J.P. . He succeeded to the family estates on the death of his father in 1648 . In 1649 he was called to the bar . Reynell was JP for Devon again and was commissioner for assessment for Devon in 1652 . He was JP for Devon again in 1653 and remained in post until 1660 . In 1654 , he was elected Member of Parliament for Devon for the First Protectorate Parliament . He was re-elected MP for Devon in 1656 for the Second Protectorate Parliament . He was commissioner for assessment in 1657 and commissioner for militia in 1659 . In 1659 he was elected MP for Ashburton in the Third Protectorate Parliament . Reynell was commissioner for assessment from January 1660 to 1663 and commissioner for militia in March 1660 . He did not stand for parliament after the Restoration when he was described as `` an arrant Presbyterian and a very dangerous Commonwealthman '' . He became JP for Devon again in August 1660 until 1676 . In 1667 he was commissioner for inquiry into the Newfoundland government . He was commissioner for assessment from 1673 to 1680 and commissioner for recusants for Devon in 1675 . From 1677 to 1678 he was High Sheriff of Devon . He was elected MP for Ashburton again for the two parliaments of 1679 and in 1681 . In May 1685 , he was taken into custody prior to the Duke of Monmouth 's invasion . He was JP for Devon again from 1687 until his death . In March 1688 he was commissioner for inquiry into recusancy fines for Devon , Dorset and Cornwall and from May to October 1688 he was Deputy Lieutenant . He was alderman for Totnes from April to October 1688 . In 1689 he was elected MP for Ashnurton again . He was commissioner for assessment from 1689 to 1690 . Reynell died at the age of 73 and was buried at East Ogwell on 1 March 1698 . Reynell married firstly Mary Bennet , daughter of John Bennet of London and had a son and four daughters . He married secondly by licence dated 25 July 1673 , Elizabeth Gould , widow of William Vincent , merchant of Exeter , and daughter of James Gould , merchant of London . They had three sons and two daughters and wassucceeded by his eldest son by the second marriage , who was MP for Ashburton between 1702 and 1734 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fce39bf47b983f719d3f68493ec265fe",
"text": "Restoration (Scotland) The Restoration was the return of the monarchy to Scotland in 1660 after the period of the Commonwealth , and the subsequent three decades of Scottish history until the Revolution and Convention of Estates of 1689 . It was part of a wider Restoration in the British Isles that included the return of the Stuart dynasty to the thrones of England and Ireland in the person of Charles II . As military commander of the Commonwealth 's largest armed force , George Monck , governor-general in Scotland , was instrumental in the restoration of Charles II , who was proclaimed king in Edinburgh on 14 May 1660 . There was a general pardon for offences during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms , but four individuals were excepted and executed . Under the eventual political settlement Scotland regained its independent system of law , parliament and kirk , but also regained the Lords of the Articles and bishops , and it now had a king who did not visit the country and ruled largely without reference to Parliament through a series of commissioners . These began with the Earl of Middleton and ended with the King 's brother and heir , James , Duke of York . The restoration of the Scottish Episcopacy led to a series of conflicts between Presbyterians and the Bishops of the Episcopalian establishment , culminating in the persecution of The Killing Time . Charles died in 1685 and his brother the Duke of York succeeded him as James VII of Scotland and II of England . He survived attempted rebellions , but alienated much of the political nation by his Catholicism and policies . When William of Orange of the Netherlands , James ' Protestant son-in-law , invaded England in 1688 , James fled and William and his wife took over the throne as William II and Mary II . William called a Scottish Convention , which was dominated by the Presbyterians . It offered William and Mary the crown , and after the defeat of James ' supporters the bishops were abolished and a Presbyterian system reinstated in the kirk . The economic conditions of the period were generally favourable , although the restoration of Scottish independence reinstated the economic border with England and English tariffs . The restoration of the monarchy also saw the restoration of the nobility to political power , although they may have exercised their power with more caution . It also saw the rise of the lairds , who continued to gain new local political powers . There was an attempt to restore the theatre to Scotland , which had suffered from the lack of a court and the hostility of the kirk . The Restoration saw the introduction of a style of country house among the Scottish nobility that encouraged a move towards a more leisure-oriented architecture . As in England , sculpture was dominated by foreign professionals . Scotland produced some notable artists and was also visited by many important continental artists . The period between 1679 and 1689 saw the foundation of many institutions that would be important in Scottish cultural and intellectual life .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
4e376c569ba221a48d8c8bc46665f694
|
One character in Scooby-Doo is Fred Jones.
|
[
{
"docid": "93eea02a1b4991e6bbab9fcdc8f6d41d",
"text": "Scooby-Doo Scooby-Doo is an American animated cartoon franchise , comprising several animated television series produced from 1969 to the present day . The original series , Scooby-Doo , Where Are You ! , was created for Hanna-Barbera Productions by writers Joe Ruby and Ken Spears in 1969 . This Saturday-morning cartoon series featured four teenagers -- Fred Jones , Daphne Blake , Velma Dinkley , and Norville `` Shaggy '' Rogers -- and their talking brown Great Dane named Scooby-Doo , who solve mysteries involving supposedly supernatural creatures through a series of antics and missteps . Following the success of the original series , Hanna-Barbera and its successor Warner Bros. . Animation have produced numerous follow-up and spin-off animated series and several related works , including television specials and made-for-TV movies , a line of direct-to-video films , and two Warner Bros. -- produced theatrical feature films . Some versions of Scooby-Doo feature different variations on the show 's supernatural theme , and include characters such as Scooby 's cousin Scooby-Dum and nephew Scrappy-Doo in addition to or instead of some of the original characters . Scooby-Doo was originally broadcast on CBS from 1969 to 1975 , when it moved to ABC . ABC aired the show until canceling it in 1986 , and presented a spin-off featuring the characters as children , A Pup Named Scooby-Doo , from 1988 until 1991 . New Scooby-Doo series aired as part of Kids ' WB on The WB Network and its successor , The CW Network , from 2002 until 2008 . Scooby-Doo ! Mystery Incorporated aired on Cartoon Network from 2010 to 2013 , and Be Cool , Scooby-Doo ! debuted on Cartoon Network in 2015 . Repeats of the various Scooby-Doo series are broadcast frequently on Cartoon Network and its sister channel Boomerang in the United States as well as other countries . In 2013 , TV Guide ranked Scooby-Doo the fifth Greatest TV Cartoon of All Time .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "d48ad6903626973d76be20721b2f399f",
"text": "Scooby's Mystery Funhouse Scooby 's Mystery Funhouse is a 30-minute Saturday morning animated package show produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions and broadcast on ABC from September 7 , 1985 to February 22 , 1986 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "493030e84b9b87da1c82fff74dd5da00",
"text": "Fine Feathered Friend Fine Feathered Friend is a 1942 American one-reel animated cartoon and is the 8th Tom and Jerry short released by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer . It was directed by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera and produced by Fred Quimby . It was animated by Pete Burness , Kenneth Muse , Jack Zander and George Gordon . The animators of the cartoon were not credited , But William Hanna and Joseph Barbera are credited . the first original opening theme was `` Chips Off The Old Block '' as heard in Blitz Wolf . It was replaced by the later of Tom and Jerry theme on re-issue . Bill Littlejohn was credited on original issue .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "25eeff30b40f901d8f4916157c7d9efe",
"text": "List of Scooby-Doo! Mystery Incorporated episodes This is a list of episodes for the animated television series Scooby-Doo ! Mystery Incorporated , the eleventh incarnation of Hanna-Barbera 's Scooby-Doo series of Saturday morning cartoons . The series is produced by Warner Bros. . Animation . Unlike any previous series , Scooby-Doo ! Mystery Incorporated features an overarching story . In addition to the traditional cases they always solve , the team finds itself being nudged into the uncovering of a dark secret that is hidden in the past of Crystal Cove , covered up by parties unknown . Following cryptic hints from a faceless mystery-man known only as `` Mr. E '' ( a play on `` mystery '' ) , they find themselves caught up in the unsolved , decades-old case of the disappearance of four mystery-solving youths and their pet -- the original Mystery Incorporated .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1ebc4b472b1fb6875dc8c71afaf7f730",
"text": "Junior Woodchucks The Junior Woodchucks of the World are the Scouting organization to which the Disney characters Huey , Dewey , and Louie belong . The Junior Woodchucks were created by Carl Barks in 1951 , in the story `` Operation St. Bernhard '' ( Walt Disney 's Comics and Stories # 125 ) . Later stories introduced a similar organization for girls , the Littlest Chickadees , to which Daisy Duck 's nieces , April , May and June belong . The hallmark of the Junior Woodchucks is their spirited dedication to environmental protection and animal welfare , as well as the preservation of knowledge and the furtherance of science . They are also known for their exalted titles and ranks ( Huey , Dewey , and Louie being promoted to become Ten-Star Generals in the 1951 story of the same name ) and the awarding of buckets of badges , along with severe ideals as to decorum . In this way Barks poked gentle but pointed satire at aspects of the Boy Scouts of America . Junior Woodchucks always carry with them a copy of the Junior Woodchucks ' Guidebook , a fictional guidebook filled with detailed and pertinent information about whatever country or situation the Woodchucks find themselves . Its depth of coverage is remarkable , considering that it is a small paperback book . Don Rosa wrote and drew a story regarding the origin of the Junior Woodchucks ' Guidebook , `` Guardians of the Lost Library '' , which Comics Buyer 's Guide mentioned as possibly the greatest comic book story of all time . Rosa 's later story W.H.A.D.A.L.O.T.T.A.J.A.R.G.O.N. tells of how Huey , Dewey , and Louie came to join the Junior Woodchucks . In 1971 Carl Barks drew a model sheet of the nephews , with some of the drawings showing them in their Junior Woodchuck uniforms , for the Disney studio 's publications department . Most of the early Junior Woodchucks stories appeared in Walt Disney 's Comics and Stories . They also appeared in Donald Duck and in Uncle Scrooge . In 1966 , they got their own title , Huey , Dewey , and Louie and the Junior Woodchucks , published by Gold Key Comics for 62 issues , and then continued by Whitman Comics for another 20 issues until 1983 . The stories which Carl Barks wrote for this comic book , among the last comic book stories he scripted , were drawn by Kay Wright , John Carey and Tony Strobl . More recently Daan Jippes has been commissioned by Egmont to redraw these stories emulating Barks ' style and drawing inspiration from the sketches of Barks ' storyboard-like scripts . Disney Comics published a Junior Woodchucks four issue mini series in 1991 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1345fa0f325b226ad6f23a1ce07c8a73",
"text": "Donald Duck universe The Donald Duck universe is a fictional shared universe which is the setting of stories involving Disney cartoon character Donald Duck , as well as Daisy Duck , Huey , Dewey , and Louie , Scrooge McDuck , and many other characters . The world is a part of the Mickey Mouse universe , but is more detailed . Life in the Donald Duck universe centers on the city of Duckburg , usually located in the fictional U.S. state of Calisota , analogous to Northern California . The world also incorporates several other real and fictional locations , as well as historical figures and a fictional timeline , which is followed with varying degrees of consistency . Disney comics are the primary medium for Donald Duck stories . Contributors include Americans Carl Barks , Ted Osborne , Don Rosa , Tony Strobl , Al Taliaferro , and William Van Horn , as well as Italians Giovan Battista Carpi , Marco Rota , and Romano Scarpa . Other media includes short films in the Donald Duck series , children 's books such as Little Big Books and Little Golden Books , television series such as DuckTales ( 1987 -- 1990 ) and Darkwing Duck ( 1991 -- 1992 ) , and video games such as QuackShot ( 1991 ) , Goin ' Quackers ( 2000 ) , and DuckTales : Remastered ( 2013 ) . `` Donald Duck universe '' is not an official Disney term , but is sometimes used by fans . Don Rosa has also used the terms Barks Universe and Italian Duck Universe to describe different versions of the world 's continuity . The terms `` Barksian '' or `` Barksian facts '' has also been used to describe the canon of the Donald Duck universe , as many comic book creators and fans only consider the stories by Carl Barks as factual , since he is the creator of many of its major characters , locations and ideas . Don Rosa is an example of this when creating his comic book series The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck , with most of his stories being based on the works by Barks . Additionally , the stories by Al Taliaferro and Ted Osborne are also considered canon by many fans , being that they are the creators of Huey , Dewey and Louie and Grandma Duck , and part of their work precedes Barks ' work .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "54e31f791af62521f78ba2e7d79339de",
"text": "Bink (animated character) Bink is a cartoon character and the unofficial mascot of Eric Miller Animation Studios . He was created by Eric M. Miller and Charlie Petrek at the Eric Miller Animation Studios in 2015 , and designed by Valerio Fabbretti . Bink is an unknown species from Earth who is covered in yellow fur with blue spots , and cloth wraps around his forearms , and lower legs . He also wears an amulet around his neck which looks like a compass of some sort . Bink first appeared in the first episode of the animated web series `` Bink '' which was released in May 2016 . In the web series it shows Bink in a testing facility where scientist perform tests on him to learn about him and his unknown species . In the web series there is a mechanical hand which attempts to perform the tests on Bink , but is often unsuccessful at getting Bink to behave during the tests . The humor comes from this conflict between the two characters .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8b32dbbfd149f515e7e47300d35a46d0",
"text": "The Hardy Boys (1969 TV series) The Hardy Boys is an animated series , produced by Filmation and aired Saturday mornings on ABC in 1969 . It featured the Hardy Boys , Joe and Frank , along with their friends Chubby Morton , Wanda Kay Breckenridge , and Pete Jones ( one of the first black characters to appear on Saturday morning television ) touring as a rock band while solving mysteries . The series is also notable for its opening and closing credits , in which the Hardys appeared in live action . The series debuted at the same time as Hanna-Barbera 's similarly themed Scooby-Doo , Where Are You ! , which was scheduled against the show on CBS . The series is noteworthy for including the producers rotating wheel for the first time , which would make Filmation a household name .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3c54a53c241168a9b16450267285f84f",
"text": "Scooby-Doo! and the Samurai Sword Scooby-Doo ! and the Samurai Sword is a 2009 direct-to-DVD animated comedy mystery martial arts film , as well as the thirteenth entry in a series of direct-to-video animated films based upon the Scooby-Doo Saturday morning cartoon franchise . In the United States , the DVD sold 163,890 units in its first week and as of January 2014 , it has sold approximately 524,725 units . It is the last direct-to-video Scooby-Doo film to use the bright animation style keen to the What 's New , Scooby-Doo ? TV series , as well as Casey Kasem 's last performance as Shaggy Rogers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "25d66a08324b272049727aa968fd3c11",
"text": "Kitty Kornered Kitty Kornered is a 1946 Looney Tunes cartoon , directed by Robert Clampett , produced by Edward Selzer and released by Warner Bros. . Pictures . Considered among Clampett 's best and wackiest films , Kitty Kornered was Clampett 's final cartoon starring his longtime star Porky Pig ( although he made a cameo in Clampett 's next cartoon The Great Piggy Bank Robbery as a streetcar driver ) , and marks the only appearance of the ( then unnamed ) Sylvester the cat in a Clampett-directed cartoon and only one of two times Sylvester spoke in a Porky Pig cartoon . It was also the first appearance of Sylvester in the Looney Tunes series . Also , this is the only cartoon where Sylvester has yellow eyes and a black nose . This is the first Looney Tunes cartoon to have the red and blue rings as well as the written out `` That 's all Folks ! '' at the closing rings . The Merrie Melodies music is heard at the end though . Porky and Sylvester would later be paired in a trio of shorts directed by Chuck Jones : Scaredy Cat , Claws for Alarm , and Jumpin ' Jupiter . Both also co-starred ( with Daffy Duck ) in The Scarlet Pumpernickel as the villain roles ( the only time Sylvester spoke in a Chuck Jones-directed cartoon ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7cde4608626221676226e4a51db6e87b",
"text": "Speedy Ghost to Town Speedy Ghost to Town is a Merrie Melodies 1967 animated short starring Daffy Duck and Speedy Gonzales . It is the first cartoon released under the newly reopened Warner Bros. . Animation department , as from 1963 to 1967 , all Looney Tunes cartoons were developed at DePatie-Freleng Enterprises and Format Films instead . It is also the first Looney Tunes cartoon to be directed by Alex Lovy . The cartoons are more simplified by this time ( a drastic departure of the cartoons created from the studio 's heyday ) , with animation similar to Filmation and Hanna-Barbera , simplistic backgrounds and character designs , and a more limited sound effects library ( including some of Hanna-Barbera 's familiar stock sounds ) . The studio would approach a similar style again 35 years later with What 's New , Scooby-Doo ? ( which , ironically , featured characters originally created by Hanna-Barbera . )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad47dc43670072898442977a55502324",
"text": "Character (arts) A character ( sometimes known as a fictional character ) is a person or other being in a narrative work of art ( such as a novel , play , television series , or film ) . The character may be entirely fictional or based on a real-life person , in which case the distinction of a `` fictional '' versus `` real '' character may be made . Derived from the ancient Greek word χαρακτήρ , the English word dates from the Restoration , although it became widely used after its appearance in Tom Jones in 1749 . From this , the sense of `` a part played by an actor '' developed . Character , particularly when enacted by an actor in the theatre or cinema , involves `` the illusion of being a human person . '' In literature , characters guide readers through their stories , helping them to understand plots and ponder themes . Since the end of the 18th century , the phrase `` in character '' has been used to describe an effective impersonation by an actor . Since the 19th century , the art of creating characters , as practiced by actors or writers , has been called characterisation . A character who stands as a representative of a particular class or group of people is known as a type . Types include both stock characters and those that are more fully individualised . The characters in Henrik Ibsen 's Hedda Gabler ( 1891 ) and August Strindberg 's Miss Julie ( 1888 ) , for example , are representative of specific positions in the social relations of class and gender , such that the conflicts between the characters reveal ideological conflicts . The study of a character requires an analysis of its relations with all of the other characters in the work . The individual status of a character is defined through the network of oppositions ( proairetic , pragmatic , linguistic , proxemic ) that it forms with the other characters . The relation between characters and the action of the story shifts historically , often miming shifts in society and its ideas about human individuality , self-determination , and the social order .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ced05eef9ffac83662b4e2c14f405499",
"text": "Captain Marvel (DC Comics) Captain Marvel , also known as Shazam , is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics . Artist C. C. Beck and writer Bill Parker created the character in 1939 . Captain Marvel first appeared in Whiz Comics # 2 ( cover-dated Feb. 1940 ) , published by Fawcett Comics . He is the alter ego of Billy Batson , a boy who , by speaking the magic word `` SHAZAM '' ( acronym of 6 Greek `` immortal elders '' - Solomon , Hercules , Atlas , Zeus , Achilles , and Mercury ) , can transform himself into a costumed adult with the powers of superhuman strength , speed , flight , and other abilities . Based on book sales , the character was the most popular superhero of the 1940s , outselling even Superman . Fawcett expanded the franchise to include other `` Marvels '' , primarily Marvel Family associates Mary Marvel and Captain Marvel Jr. , who can harness Billy 's powers as well . Captain Marvel was also the first comic book superhero to be adapted into film , in a 1941 Republic Pictures serial titled Adventures of Captain Marvel . Fawcett ceased publishing Captain Marvel-related comics in 1953 , partly because of a copyright infringement suit from DC Comics , alleging that Captain Marvel was a copy of Superman . In 1972 , DC licensed the Marvel Family characters from Fawcett , and returned them to publication . By 1991 , DC had acquired all rights to the characters . DC has since integrated Captain Marvel and the Marvel Family into their DC Universe and has attempted to revive the property several times , with mixed success . Due to trademark conflicts over another character named `` Captain Marvel '' owned by Marvel Comics since 1967 , DC chose to publish the character 's adventures in a comic book titled Shazam ! for many years , leading many to assume that this was the character 's name . DC later officially renamed the character `` Shazam '' when relaunching its comic book properties in 2011 . In addition , since 1972 , the character has been featured in two television series adaptations , one live action and one animated , by Filmation , and an upcoming Warner Bros. . Shazam ! feature film scheduled for release in 2019 as part of the DC Extended Universe . Captain Marvel was ranked as the 55th greatest comic book character of all time by Wizard magazine . IGN also ranked Captain Marvel as the 50th greatest comic book hero of all time , stating that the character will always be an enduring reminder of a simpler time . UGO Networks ranked him as one of the top heroes of entertainment , saying , `` At his best , Shazam has always been Superman with a sense of crazy , goofy fun '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "26b859d4706b58417dc115d2e4afc627",
"text": "List of local children's television series (United States) The following is a list of local children 's television shows in the United States . These were locally produced commercial television programming intended for the child audience with unique hosts and themes . This type of programming began in the late 1940s and continued into the late 1970s ; some shows continued into the 1990s . Author Tim Hollis documented about 1,400 local children 's shows in a 2002 book , Hi There , Boys and Girls ! The television programs typically aired in the weekday mornings before school or afternoons after school as well as on weekends ( to a lesser degree ) . There were different formats . Almost all shows had a colorful host who assumed a persona such as a cowboy/cowgirl , captain/skipper/commodore / admiral , jungle explorer , astronaut , king , princess , clown , sheriff/deputy/trooper , cop , firefighter , hobo/tramp , railroad engineer , magician , `` cousin '' , `` grandfather '' or `` uncle '' , whose role was not only to be the `` DJ '' for syndicated material ( typically cartoons , although westerns were more popular earlier on ) but also to entertain , often with a live television studio audience of kids , during breaks . Early program fare included cartoon favorites such as Koko the Clown , Daffy Duck , Crusader Rabbit , Dick Tracy , Popeye , Bugs Bunny , Rocky and Bullwinkle , Casper the Friendly Ghost , Mighty Mouse , Porky Pig , Deputy Dawg , Tin Tin , Mel-O-Toons , Woody Woodpecker , The Funny Company , Mr. Magoo , Space Angel and Clutch Cargo as well as movie shorts such as Laurel and Hardy , Our Gang/The Little Rascals and The Three Stooges and animated versions of Laurel and Hardy , Abbott and Costello and The Three Stooges and live action shorts such as Diver Dan . Some included educational segments like the portraits of wildlife in Nature 's Window .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c404215ddbfc07bf027dbe3d1f06ef7a",
"text": "The Lonesome Mouse The Lonesome Mouse is a 1943 American one-reel animated cartoon and is the 10th Tom and Jerry cartoon released . This is notable for being the first speaking role of the cat and mouse duo . It was created and released in 1943 , and re-released to theatres on June 24 , 1950 . It was directed by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera and produced by Fred Quimby . The animators of the cartoon were not credited ( typically for early MGM shorts ) , and this was the last Tom and Jerry cartoon to follow this trend . All future Tom and Jerry theatrical shorts credited the animators . The original opening theme was `` Runnin ' Wild '' , as heard in Barney Bear 's Wild Honey . It was replaced by the later Tom & Jerry theme on re-issue . This cartoon is animated by Kenneth Muse , George Gordon , Jack Zander and Irven Spence with additional animation by Pete Burness and Al Grandmain .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "75e9b699ba4893e25acc9e2c035ed849",
"text": "Kentucky Jones Kentucky Jones is a half-hour comedy/drama starring Dennis Weaver as Kenneth Yarborough `` K.Y. or Kentucky '' Jones , D.V.M. , a recently widowed former horse trainer and active horse farm owner , who becomes the guardian of Dwight Eisenhower `` Ike '' Wong , a 10-year-old Chinese orphan , played by Ricky Der . Harry Morgan , previously of the CBS sitcoms December Bride and Pete and Gladys , was featured in the series as Seldom Jackson , a former jockey who assists Dr. Jones . Cherylene Lee appears as Annie Ng , Ike 's friend . Arthur Wong portrays Mr. Ng , Annie 's father . Keye Luke ( 1904-1991 ) stars as Mr. Wong , a friend of Dr. Jones . Nancy Rennick ( 1932-2006 ) appears as Miss Throncroft , a social worker . Kentucky Jones , which ran on NBC from September 19 , 1964 , to September 11 , 1965 , was the first of four television series starring Weaver after he left the role of the marshall 's helper Chester Goode on CBS 's western classic Gunsmoke . Richard Bull , who later portrayed the henpecked storekeeper Nels Oleson on NBC 's Little House on the Prairie , appeared twice on Kentucky Jones as Harold Erkel in episodes entitled `` The Victim '' and `` The Return of Wong Lee '' ( also with Malcolm Atterbury ) . Other selected episodes and guest stars include : `` Hello Ike '' , the series premiere , with Diane Brewster and Marlyn Mason as Doris Caine , `` Spare the Rod '' ( Paul Fix as Judge Perkins ) , `` Wildcat Soup '' ( Tyler McVey ) , `` Ike 's Song '' ( Pat Harrington , Jr. ) , `` The Big Shot '' ( Harry Townes ) , `` The Music Kids Make '' ( Philip Abbott and Robby Weaver ( born 1953 ) , Dennis Weaver 's son ) , `` The Big Speech '' ( Charles Lane ) , `` Feminine Intrusion '' ( Spring Byington , of December Bride and Laramie , as Mrs. Jolly , hired by Dr. Jones to cook a meal as payment of a debt ) , `` Most Precious Gold '' ( Strother Martin ; episode focuses on a camping trip ) , and `` Kentucky 's Vacation '' ( Yvonne Craig ) , the series finale . A Buzz Kulik Production in association with NBC , Kentucky Jones was filmed at Desilu Studios in Culver City , California . The series first aired on Saturdays at 8:30 Eastern from September 19 to December 26 . It switched to 7 p.m. on January 2 for the remainder of its run through September 11 , 1965 . Rebroadcasts began on April 17 . In the 8:30 slot , the program faced competition from the first season of the CBS sitcom Gilligan 's Island , with Alan Hale , Jr. , and Bob Denver , and the first half of ABC 's The Lawrence Welk Show . In the move to a half-hour earlier , having swapped time slots with The Famous Adventures of Mr. Magoo , CBS offered The Jackie Gleason Show , and ABC aired the science fiction series , The Outer Limits . In the second time slot , Kentucky Jones followed the NBC adventure series Flipper starring Brian Kelly . After Kentucky Jones , young Der ( born ca. 1954 ) acted only one more time , as Mickey in a 1965 episode `` So Long , Patrick Henry '' of NBC 's I Spy starring Bill Cosby and Robert Culp . In January 1967 , Harry Morgan advanced to Jack Webb 's second version of Dragnet in the role of Officer Bill Gannon , and later , on M * A * S * H as Col. Sherman T. Potter . In September of that year , Weaver starred with child actor Clint Howard in the CBS family drama Gentle Ben .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5583a4b82a194fe8d075ba071148f4a5",
"text": "The New Scooby and Scrappy-Doo Show The New Scooby and Scrappy-Doo Show is the sixth incarnation of the Hanna-Barbera Saturday morning cartoon Scooby-Doo . It premiered on September 10 , 1983 , and ran for one season on ABC as a half-hour program made up of two eleven-minute short cartoons . In 1984 , the name of the show was changed to The New Scooby-Doo Mysteries , with the actual show format remaining the same . The New Scooby-Doo Mysteries ran for another season on ABC . The series airs reruns on Cartoon Network 's classics channel Boomerang . Thirteen half-hour episodes , composed of twenty-four separate segments were produced under the New Scooby and Scrappy-Doo title in 1983 , and thirteen more episodes , composed of twenty separate segments were produced under the name The New Scooby-Doo Mysteries in 1984 . At the time , Margaret Loesch , who served as supervising executive for the series , also worked for another animation production company Marvel Productions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3b4da06a3483480a329403e61e607944",
"text": "Flop Starz `` Flop Starz '' is the first segment for the first official aired episode of the animated television series Phineas and Ferb . The episode was originally broadcast on Disney Channel on February 1 , 2008 . In the episode , Phineas and Ferb become one-hit wonders in the matter of a morning . This is much to the disappointment of Candace , who is trying out for super stardom on a competition show titled The Next American Pop Teen Idol Star ! Meanwhile , Doofenshmirtz converts his building into a giant robot to aid him in his attempt to conquer the tri-state area . The episode 's storyboard was written by Sherm Cohen and Antoine Guilbaud , though the story itself was made by the co-creators of the series . The song in the episode , `` Gitchee Gitchee Goo , '' was the first song the series had and caused for Disney to want one in every episode . Despite the actual pilot being `` Rollercoaster , '' the episode was broadcast to premiere the series , so a majority of the series ' standard humor and plot devices had yet to be established ( e.g. Perry and Doofenshmirtz have no involvement in the removal of the boys ' evidence -LSB- mainly instigated by the boys themselves -RSB- and Candace 's busting attempts in the A-plot are limited to two ) . `` Flop Starz '' carried several references to the music industry and several genres ( the title itself is as well a spoof of the phrase `` pop stars '' ) , as well as to the talent competition American Idol . The episode was well received by critics and fans alike , gaining 23.5 million viewers in its premiere . The song featured , `` Gitchee Gitchee Goo , '' was as well reviewed favorably by critics . `` Flop Starz '' has been featured in several pieces of merchandise , including a junior novelization by Lara Bergen in 2009 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d6087e73cd71c87b4a027bb0e62ebcd0",
"text": "Doodle A doodle is a drawing made while a person 's attention is otherwise occupied . Doodles are simple drawings that can have concrete representational meaning or may just be composed of random and abstract lines , generally without ever lifting the drawing device off of the paper , in which case it is usually called a `` scribble '' . Doodling and scribbling are most often associated with young children and toddlers , because their lack of hand -- eye coordination and lower mental development often make it very difficult for any young child to keep their coloring attempts within the line art of the subject . Despite this , it is not uncommon to see such behaviour with adults , in which case it generally is done jovially , out of boredom . Typical examples of doodling are found in school notebooks , often in the margins , drawn by students daydreaming or losing interest during class . Other common examples of doodling are produced during long telephone conversations if a pen and paper are available . Popular kinds of doodles include cartoon versions of teachers or companions in a school , famous TV or comic characters , invented fictional beings , landscapes , geometric shapes , patterns and textures .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "452e3937216e941d57585b90cf83f5ae",
"text": "It's About Time! (Phineas and Ferb) `` It 's About Time ! '' is the twenty-first broadcast episode of the animated television series Phineas and Ferbs first season . It originally aired on Disney Channel on March 1 , 2008 . The episode concerns stepbrothers Phineas and Ferb fixing a time machine on display in a museum and using it to travel back to prehistoric times . Meanwhile , Perry the Platypus deals with being replaced with a panda bear as the nemesis of the mad scientist Dr. Heinz Doofenshmirtz . `` It 's About Time ! '' was written and directed by series co-creators Dan Povenmire , and storyboards were constructed by multiple artists in the show 's production staff . The writers purposely left the time machine available to the boys at the end of the episode in order to reuse it later in the series , which they did in the season 2 episode `` Phineas and Ferb 's Quantum Boogaloo . '' Critical reception was generally positive , and multiple reviewers applauded Perry and Doofenshmirtz 's relationship in the episode , which they noted was portrayed with possible homosexual subtext .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "911c22f02af6cf400af81a8667ef8231",
"text": "Christmas Flintstone `` Christmas Flintstone '' ( also known as How The Flintstones Saved Christmas on VHS releases ) is a Christmas episode from season 5 of the animated television series The Flintstones , which aired on ABC on December 25 , 1964 . The episode is about Fred Flintstone taking over the role of Santa Claus . The episode is followed by three Christmas-themed Flintstones specials . It has been released on DVD .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
cfa2b296c3c1827c3e263ab7f3211b95
|
Avatar: The Last Airbender aired for three years in the mid-2000's.
|
[
{
"docid": "613be980d4eab591c607cc476f02e914",
"text": "Avatar: The Last Airbender Avatar : The Last Airbender ( Avatar : The Legend of Aang in some regions ) is an American animated television series that aired for three seasons ( referred to as `` books '' in each episode 's title card ) on Nickelodeon from 2005 to 2008 . Avatar : The Last Airbender is set in an Asiatic-like world in which some people are able to manipulate the classical elements by use of psychokinetic variants of Chinese martial arts , known as `` bending '' . The show combines the styles of anime and American cartoons , and relies on the imagery of various East Asian , Inuit , Southeast Asian , South Asian , and New World societies . Therefore , whether or not the series can be considered as an anime work is often discussed . The series follows the adventures of protagonist twelve-year-old Aang and his friends , who must bring peace and unity to the world by ending the Fire Lord 's war against the other three nations . The pilot episode first aired on February 21 , 2005 , and the series concluded with a widely praised two-hour episode on July 19 , 2008 . The show is obtainable from various sources , including DVD , the iTunes Store , the Zune Marketplace , the Xbox Live Marketplace , the PlayStation Store , Netflix , Amazon Video , and the Nicktoons Network . Throughout its run , Avatar : The Last Airbender was universally acclaimed by audiences and critics alike . Praises went to the art direction , humor , cultural references , characters , and themes . It was also commercially successful , garnering 5.6 million viewers on its best-rated showing and receiving high ratings in the Nicktoons lineup , even outside of its 6 - to 11-year-old demographic . The series has been nominated for and won awards from the Annie Awards , the Genesis Awards , a Primetime Emmy Award and a Peabody Award , among others . The first season 's success prompted Nickelodeon to order second and third seasons . In other media , the series has spawned a critically panned , but financially successful , live-action film , titled The Last Airbender , directed by M. Night Shyamalan ; scaled action figures ; a trading card game ; three video games ; stuffed animals distributed by Paramount Parks and two Lego sets . An art book was also released in mid-2010 . A sequel series , The Legend of Korra , aired from 2012 to 2014 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "7a810619a1609d18129ebeb1ee6f599f",
"text": "Cinema of New Zealand New Zealand cinema can refer to films made by New Zealand-based production companies in New Zealand . However , it may also refer to films made about New Zealand by filmmakers from other countries . In addition , due to the relatively small size of its film industry , many New Zealand-made films are co-productions with companies based in other nations . Film has a long history in New Zealand . The first public screening of a motion picture was in 1896 ; a 1900 documentary is the oldest surviving New Zealand film - and the first feature film made in New Zealand premiered in 1914 . However , although there was a small-scale industry during the 1920s-1960s , it was n't until the 1970s that New Zealand made films were able to attract large-scale audiences . From the 1990s onward , a steady flow on New Zealand made films have had international success , including both those with local funding and themes , and those such as the Lord of the Rings trilogy , made with Hollywood money .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2b5d04a1511f9fe14153998673295fb5",
"text": "Ben 10 Ben 10 is an American animated TV series and media franchise created by Man of Action Studios and produced by Cartoon Network Studios . The franchise revolves around a boy named Ben Tennyson who acquires a watch-like alien device ( the Omnitrix ) which allows the wearer to transform into ten different alien creatures . The Ben 10 franchise has received wide critical acclaim , winning three Emmy Awards . Worldwide it has grossed over $ 4.5 billion in retail sales . The franchise has four movies , all of which aired on Cartoon Network between August 2007 and March 2012 . With a 12-year old franchise , it is the longest Cartoon Network original series to date .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "64b2e9e66a890898780960c95c4da27b",
"text": "J9 Series The is a trilogy of Japanese Super Robot mecha anime television series . The anime were broadcast by TV Tokyo ( TX Network ) from 1981 to 1984 , the 80 's trilogy was animated by Kokusai Eiga-sha and produced by Movie International Co.Ltd . In 2014 , a fourth series was announced to be in production for a 2016 release , with the original creative and production team reunited after 30 years .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "45cca4f2ca741aa9586b00163ae81265",
"text": "The NeverEnding Story (film) The NeverEnding Story is a 1984 American epic fantasy film based on the novel of the same name by Michael Ende , about a boy who reads a magical book that tells a story of a young warrior whose task is to stop a dark storm called the Nothing from engulfing a fantasy world . The film was produced by Bernd Eichinger and Dieter Giessler and directed and co-written by Wolfgang Petersen ( his first English-language film ) and starred Noah Hathaway , Barret Oliver , Tami Stronach , Patricia Hayes , Sydney Bromley , Gerald McRaney , Moses Gunn , and Alan Oppenheimer as the voices of both Falkor and Gmork ( as well as other characters ) . At the time of its release , it was the most expensive film produced outside the United States or the Soviet Union . The film was the first in The NeverEnding Story film series and later followed by two sequels . Ende felt that this adaptation 's content deviated so far from the spirit of his book that he requested that production either be halted or the film 's title be changed ; when the producers did neither , he sued them and subsequently lost the case . Ende called the film a `` gigantic melodrama of kitsch , commerce , plush and plastic '' -LSB- Ein `` gigantisches Melodram aus Kitsch , Kommerz , Plüsch und Plastik '' -RSB- . The film only adapts the first half of the book , and consequently does not convey the message of the title as it was portrayed in the novel . The second half of the book would subsequently be used as the rough basis for the second film , The Next Chapter . The third film , Escape from Fantasia , features a completely original plot .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9665c9d40711fb80e08070b27d93066e",
"text": "Freaks and Geeks Freaks and Geeks is an American teen comedy-drama television series , created by Paul Feig , with Judd Apatow as executive producer , that aired on NBC during the 1999 -- 2000 television season . Eighteen episodes were completed , but the series was canceled after only 12 had aired . A fan-led campaign persuaded NBC to broadcast three more episodes in July 2000 ; the three remaining unaired episodes , for a total of 18 , aired that September on the cable network Fox Family Channel . The series appeared on Time magazine 's 2007 `` 100 Greatest Shows of All Time '' list , and placed third on the magazine 's list of greatest television shows of the 2000s ( decade ) . In 2007 , Freaks and Geeks ranked # 21 on TV Guides Top Cult Shows Ever . In 2008 , Entertainment Weekly ranked it the 13th-best series of the past 25 years . The same year , AOL TV named it the Best School Show of All Time . In 2013 TV Guide included it in its list of The 60 Greatest Dramas of All Time , and ranked it # 1 on their list of 60 shows that were `` Cancelled Too Soon '' . It launched several of its young actors into successful television and film careers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1d553cf865d8b60610dc38dd3cde82e5",
"text": "Two Guys and a Girl (season 3) The third series of Two Guys and a Girl first aired on September 22 , 1999 and finished on April 26 , 2000 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "51ad61b405d17965e451b6f4fad8f0d1",
"text": "IMVU IMVU , Inc. , ( -LSB- ˈɪmvjuː -RSB- ) is an online metaverse and website . IMVU was founded in 2004 and was originally backed by venture investors Menlo Ventures , Allegis Capital , Bridgescale Partners and Best Buy Capital . IMVU members use 3D avatars to meet new people , chat , create , and play games . IMVU has over 3 million active users and currently has the largest virtual goods catalog of more than 30 million items . The business is located in Mountain View , California , and has 120 full-time employees . It is also known as one of the leading practitioners of the lean startup approach . The company name is neither an acronym nor an initialism . IMVU co-founder Eric Ries described the accidental process by which the company acquired its meaningless name , and stated `` It 's not an acronym ; it does n't stand for anything '' . IMVU contains its own economy with a currency system based on IMVU `` credits '' and `` promo credits '' . A third form of currency also exists for creators , known as `` developer tokens '' , which are earned when a user purchases an item with `` promo-credits '' . Credits can be purchased online using actual currency directly from IMVU . Credits may also be purchased on IMVU gift cards available from retail outlets such as department stores . Credits can be transferred back from IMVU to actual currency for developers accounts only . The credits are used by members to purchase virtual items like fashion pieces ( hair , clothes , skins , and accessories ) , pets , and 3D scenes such as homes , clubs and open landscapes . Furniture can also be purchased the same way and placed into unlocked rooms , but there are also rooms that have some furniture included in them as well as locked rooms that include furniture that can not be removed . Promotional credits , abbreviated to `` promo-credits '' , are a second form of currency distributed to members by IMVU and can be obtained by participating in various `` Partner '' promotions as well as a few activities the IMVU provides . With relation to a standard free or full member , promo-credits are similar to standard credits . A given number of credits equates , promo-credits can not be used to purchase items as gifts for other members and may not be traded back to an IMVU re-seller for actual currency . Promo-credits used to purchase a virtual product are exchanged into `` developer tokens '' , also known as `` dev tokens '' . The purchase transfers the promo-credits into developer tokens but nets a single developer token per purchase when promo-credits are used regardless of the price of the product purchased .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1917f0e6d6e4d9cbebe58eaafd3738ba",
"text": "Terminator: The Sarah Connor Chronicles Terminator : The Sarah Connor Chronicles ( sometimes abbreviated as Terminator : TSCC or simply TSCC ) is an American science fiction television series that aired on Fox . The show was produced by Warner Bros. . Television , and C2 Pictures ( C2 Pictures was replaced by The Halcyon Company in season two ) . It is a spin-off from the Terminator series of films . It revolves around the lives of the fictional characters Sarah and John Connor , following the events of Terminator 2 : Judgment Day , and ignoring the events of the 2003 sequel Terminator 3 : Rise of the Machines and the following films . The series premiered on Sunday , January 13 , 2008 , on the U.S. television network Fox . Production for the series was provided by the Judgment Day and Rise of the Machines producers and C2 Pictures , Sony Pictures Entertainment ( International ) co-presidents Mario Kassar and Andrew G. Vajna , C2 Senior Vice President James Middleton , David Nutter and Josh Friedman , who not only served as Executive Producer but also wrote the script for the first two episodes . The show opened mid-season with a shortened run of nine episodes , January through March 2008 . It was the highest-rated new scripted series of the 2007 -- 08 television season and was renewed for a second season , which began on September 8 , 2008 , and ended April 10 , 2009 ( The same year Warner Bros. and the Halcyon Company produced McG 's Terminator Salvation ) . On May 18 , 2009 , despite fan efforts , Fox Entertainment president Kevin Reilly announced Fox would not renew the show for a third season .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c411164ee4a05e1b068ff8b769fdf3c5",
"text": "List of Phantom: Requiem for the Phantom episodes This article is a list of the episodes of the Japanese anime series Phantom ~ Requiem for the Phantom ~ , which is animated by Bee Train and directed by Koichi Mashimo under the Project Phantom group . The series went on air on April 2 , 2009 on TV Tokyo . Subsequently the show also aired on AT-X , TV Aichi , and TV Osaka . Funimation Entertainment is streaming the series for its North American audience . The anime is based on the 2000 video game Phantom of Inferno . The series is about a Japanese national who gets kidnapped by an assassin syndicate called Inferno after he had personally witnessed an assassination while visiting the United States . Inferno is a criminal organization attempting to unite all known underworld mob gangs into one conglomerate . In order to achieve their goal , Inferno deploys its assassin operatives codenamed Phantom . Among them is an amnesiac girl named Ein and the Japanese national , who was given the name Zwei as his codename after being brainwashed of his previous memory . An announcement regarding the show was first announced in the January issue of Kadokawa Shoten 's Newtype magazine with Yoshimitsu Yamashita , Mutsumi Sasaki and Yoko Kikuchi being the main animators with Bee Train being in charge of animation . Soon afterwards , a promotional video of Phantom ~ Requiem of the Phantom ~ was broadcast on Biglobe . Music for the series is created under Masumi Itō , using the alias Hikaru Nanase . For the first 19 episodes , the opening song `` Karma '' is written and sung by Kokia and arranged by Hikaru Nanase , with the ending song is sung by Ali Project with CD singles released . From episode 20 onwards , a 2nd opening song is sung by Ali Project with a 2nd ending song `` Transparent '' written and sung by Kokia and also arranged by Nanase . In addition , the OST of the show with CD singles by Ayahi Takagaki and Miyu Irino have been released to the public on July 8 , 2009 . The Japanese DVD releases of Volume 1 came out on July 24 , 2009 with subsequent releases from Volumes 2 to 10 on August 25 , 2009 , September 25 , 2009 , October 23 , 2009 , November 25 , 2009 , December 22 , 2009 , January 22 , 2010 , February 25 , 2010 , March 25 , 2010 and April 23 , 2010 . FUNimation released the series on Blu-ray and DVD in 2011 . A manga adaptation of the show was published in tankōbon form on May 23 , 2009 by Media Factory and Nitroplus , with the manga being illustrated by Masaki Hiragi under Media Factory 's Monthly Comic Alive 's February issue .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8fadccb571e7a164e402b1eabbb9b82b",
"text": "Odyssey Productions Odyssey Productions ( formerly Odyssey Visual Design ) is the former name of a California-based photography and 3-D computer animation company founded in 1983 by Steven Churchill in partnership with Adrian Turcotte . It was the first San Diego company to produce 3-D computer animation and its clients have included Coca-Cola , General Dynamics , Union Oil , Southwestern Cable , Metrocast , Honda , and a number of TV stations across the country . While Odyssey focused primarily on 35mm back-lit motion graphics and special effects for the first 5 years of its existence , its award-winning release of the world 's first home entertainment video of computer animation , State Of the Art Of Computer Animation in 1988 brought about a shift in focus to 3D computer animation . The accolades and sales successes achieved by State Of the Art Of Computer Animation prompted the 1990 release of The Mind 's Eye : A Computer Animation Odyssey , a title that would become the first member of the successful The Mind 's Eye series . The next decade ( 1990 -- 2000 ) would be taken up almost entirely with the production of 19 feature-length 3-D computer animated package films for home release . The company 's name became Odyssey Productions in 1995 and the last 12 3D computer animated films were released under this name . In 2003 the company again changed its name to AnimationTrip and broadened its focus to encompass photography to a greater extent . Under this new corporate name , the company added a business enterprise in 2004 focused primarily on photographic art and has launched a series of international art exhibitions in San Diego , California called the Art of Photography Show and the Art of Digital Show . Since 2006 , exhibiting photographic art and promoting photo artists has been the full focus of the business . In 2010 the company was named PhotoCulture , Inc. .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "be51bb06c6b36891a33f7e80baf8876a",
"text": "Avatar Airbender Avatar Airbender is an Intamin roller coaster themed after the TV series Avatar : The Last Airbender located at Nickelodeon Universe in the Mall of America in Bloomington , Minnesota . Avatar is a halfpipe roller coaster that goes up to 70 ft to the top and back tower while spinning the riders . It reaches the top of both spikes about twelve times during each ride . Located at the center of Nickelodeon Universe , it provides a focal point for the entire park .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eae34f2e2b18c4dd22ad5745c70118b9",
"text": "List of My Little Pony characters animated in the 2000s The list of characters from the 2003-2009 My Little Pony animated films and shorts . The third incarnation of the My Little Pony franchise began in 2003 , and is commonly referred to as `` G3 '' , as classified by collectors , following earlier lines and television show tie-ins in the 1980s and 1990s . During the early years of the `` G3 '' Toyline , several direct-to-video specials were released , bundled with the toys of the `` G3 '' line . This later gained its first feature length DTV movie titled My Little Pony : A Very Minty Christmas in 2005 . This third toy line ended in 2009 with My Little Pony : Twinkle Wish Adventure . The characters were portrayed in the specials as adults , while also having childlike personalities . Usually , all the ponies in the specials like to play ; though some have `` jobs '' and businesses to run .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "15de4fea6d1defb9167a6e11108320bb",
"text": "Cinema of India The cinema of India consists of films produced across India . Cinema as a medium has gained immense popularity in the country and as many as 1,600 films in various languages of India are produced annually . Indian films have also come to be followed throughout South Asia , the Greater Middle East , Southeast Asia and other countries . Dadasaheb Phalke is known as the `` father of Indian cinema '' . The Dadasaheb Phalke Award , for lifetime contribution to cinema , was instituted in his honour , by the Government of India in 1969 , and is the most prestigious and coveted award in Indian cinema . In the 20th century , Indian cinema , along with the Hollywood and Chinese film industries , became a global enterprise . As of 2013 , in terms of annual film output , India ranks first , followed by Nollywood , Hollywood and China . In 2012 , India produced 1,602 feature films . The Indian film industry reached overall revenues of $ 1.86 billion ( 93 billion ) in 2011 . This is projected to rise to $ 3 billion ( 200 billion ) in 2016 . In 2015 , India had a total box office gross of , the fourth largest in the world outside North America . Enhanced technology paved the way for upgrading from established cinematic norms of delivering product , altering the manner in which content reached the target audience . Biopics like Dangal and CGI-laden epics like Baahubali emerged as transnational blockbusters grossing over $ 200 million each in early 21st century . Indian cinema found markets in over 90 countries where films from India are screened . The Indian government extended film delegations to foreign countries such as the United States of America and Japan while the country 's Film Producers Guild sent similar missions through Europe . The provision of 100 % foreign direct investment has made the Indian film market attractive for foreign enterprises such as 20th Century Fox , Sony Pictures , Walt Disney Pictures and Warner Bros. . Indian enterprises such as AVM Productions , Prasad 's Group , Sun Pictures , PVP Cinemas , Zee , UTV , Suresh Productions , Eros Films , Ayngaran International , Pyramid Saimira , Aascar Films and Adlabs also participated in producing and distributing films . Tax incentives to multiplexes have aided the multiplex boom in India . By 2003 as many as 30 film production companies had been listed in the National Stock Exchange of India , making the commercial presence of the medium felt . The South Indian film industry defines the four film cultures of South India as a single entity . They are the Telugu , the Tamil , the Malayalam and the Kannada industries . Although developed independently over a long period , gross exchange of film performers and technicians as well as globalisation helped to shape this new identity . The Indian diaspora consists of millions of Indians overseas for which films are made available both through media such as DVDs and by screening of films in their country of residence wherever commercially feasible . These earnings , accounting for some 12 % of the revenue generated by a mainstream film , contribute substantially to the overall revenue of Indian cinema , the net worth of which was found to be 1.3 billion in 2000 . Music in Indian cinema is another substantial revenue generator with the music rights alone accounting for 4 -- 5 % of the net revenues generated by a film in India .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c9de4d961b1c2cbf71445b28c2f4ec8c",
"text": "Avatar: The Last Airbender (comics) The Avatar : The Last Airbender comics are a continuation of the original Nickelodeon animated television series , Avatar : The Last Airbender , created by Michael Dante DiMartino and Bryan Konietzko . There is also a continuation of The Legend of Korra in comic form .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b9cd889f8e62a1e10b30e7415019f4c3",
"text": "Hayao Miyazaki is a Japanese film director , producer , screenwriter , animator , author , and manga artist . Through a career that has spanned over five decades , Miyazaki has attained international acclaim as a masterful storyteller and as a maker of anime feature films and , along with Isao Takahata , co-founded Studio Ghibli , a film and animation studio . Born in Bunkyō , Tokyo , Miyazaki began his animation career in 1963 when he joined Toei Animation . From there , Miyazaki worked as an in-between artist for Gulliver 's Travels Beyond the Moon , where he pitched ideas that eventually became the film 's ending . Hayao Miyazaki was also associated with Tokyo Movie Shinsha . He co-directed Lupin III with Isao Takahata , provided the screenplay and key animation for Panda ! Go Panda ! , provided key animation for the first episode of Tokyo Giants , provided the original concept for Jungle Kurobe , provided the director role for Lupin III : Tales of the Wolf , provided key animation for the Ulysses 31 pilot in conjunction with Diffusion Information Communication , provided the director role for The New Adventures of Zorro , provided key animation for the Inspector Gadget pilot , and provided the chief director role for season 1 of Sherlock Hound . He continued to work in various roles in the animation industry with various studios until he directed his first feature film , The Castle of Cagliostro , a Lupin the Third story , released in 1979 . After the success of his next film , Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind ( 1984 ) , he co-founded Studio Ghibli , where he continued to produce many feature films . While Miyazaki 's films have long enjoyed both commercial and critical success in Japan , he remained largely unknown to the West until Miramax Films released Princess Mononoke in 1997 . Princess Mononoke was briefly the highest-grossing film in Japan until it was eclipsed by another 1997 film , Titanic , and it became the first animated film to win Picture of the Year at the Japanese Academy Awards . Miyazaki 's next film , Spirited Away ( 2001 ) , won Picture of the Year at the Japanese Academy Awards , and was the first anime film to win an American Academy Award . Miyazaki 's films often contain recurrent themes , like humanity 's relationship with nature and technology , and the difficulty of maintaining a pacifist ethic . His films ' protagonists are often strong girls or young women . While two of his films , The Castle of Cagliostro and Castle in the Sky , involve traditional villains , his other films like Nausicaä and Princess Mononoke present morally ambiguous antagonists with redeeming qualities . He co-wrote films The Secret World of Arrietty , released in July 2010 in Japan and February 2012 in the United States ; and From Up on Poppy Hill released in July 2011 in Japan and March 2013 in the United States . Miyazaki 's newest film The Wind Rises was released on July 20 , 2013 and screened internationally in February 2014 . The film would go on to earn him his third American Academy Award nomination and first Golden Globe Award nomination . Miyazaki announced on September 1 , 2013 that The Wind Rises would be his final feature-length movie . In November 2014 , Miyazaki was awarded an Honorary Academy Award for his impact on animation and cinema . He is the second Japanese filmmaker to win this award , after Akira Kurosawa in 1990 . In 2002 , American film critic Roger Ebert suggested that Miyazaki may be the best animation filmmaker in history , praising the depth and artistry of his films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f057be1da6b443b957570054760ea9c1",
"text": "List of Outlaw Star episodes The Outlaw Star anime is the adaptation of the manga series of the same name by Takehiko Ito . The plot follows the protagonist Gene and his crew in their outer space adventures onboard their advanced spacecraft named the Outlaw Star . The anime , which was produced by Sunrise and directed by Mitsuru Hongo , aired on Japan 's TV Tokyo from January 8 , 1998 to June 25 , 1998 for a total of 26 episodes . The anime was later licensed for English language distribution in North America by Bandai Entertainment . The series originally aired on Toonami from January 15 , 2001 to February 16 , 2001 . Episode 23 was not aired due to scenes of extensive female nudity and sexually suggestive humor/themes . Bandai released the series on DVD in Japan in two halves with the first 13 episodes released on August 25 , 1999 and the remaining 13 episodes released on November 25 , 1999 . A Japanese `` remastered '' DVD boxset containing the entire series was published by Bandai on September 22 , 2006 . Bandai also released the series in North America in three DVD collections on September 1 , 2000 , February 14 , 2001 , and March 6 , 2001 . The Outlaw Star Perfect Collection Box Set , a DVD compilation of the entire series , was released on September 10 , 2002 . The series was again re-released on March 28 , 2006 as the Outlaw Star : Complete Collection . Outlaw Star additionally received a Region 4 DVD release in Australia by Madman Entertainment on June 23 , 2004 . The music for Outlaw Star was composed by Kow Otani . The series has three pieces of vocal music , one opening and two endings . The opening theme is `` Through the Night '' performed by Masahiko Arimachi . The two endings themes are `` Hiru no Tsuki '' , used in the first 13 episodes , and `` Tsuki no Ie '' , used in the remaining 13 episodes . Both endings are sung by Arai Akino .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3d869eb56c68b69e6ebea0ba8ae49ffe",
"text": "Enoki Films is a producer of anime based in the Enoki Building in Shinjuku , Tokyo . Enoki Films also had a North American division , established in 1986 , headquartered in the Encino area of Los Angeles , California , United States called Enoki Films USA , Inc. . Enoki Films USA acted as a middle-man between Japanese companies and American licensees such as 4Kids Entertainment and Saban . In May 2007 it was announced that their content would also be provided as video on demand by Internet startup ReelTime.com ( worldwide except Japan ) . As of 2002 Enoki licenses anime but sub-licenses its licenses to various distributors instead of distributing them directly . Anime News Network wrote that `` They generally only license TV shows that they hope to also license to TV broadcasters such as Cartoon Network , ABC Family and Fox Kids . '' Some of the anime productions that were listed on Enoki 's website are under alternate names and may list characters under different names as well . In many cases , when sub-licensed to anime home video companies , the original titles and character names have been restored . Enoki 's translations of episode titles and scenarios may also be different than what may be on the official release . If Enoki 's series ' had a separate movie or direct-to-video production , it is usually not licensed by Enoki , and the film or direct-to-video production may be licensed to a separate company than the series ( as is the case with the Slayers movies and OVAs and the Utena movie ) . As of 2016 , Enoki Films ' North American division is now defunct , since it bought its operations to an end in 2010 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "95e1393095d65a24bf7b901954a28ffd",
"text": "Pandalian Pandalian ( or PandaMonium ) is a multinational developed animated series , with characters created by the Taiwanese company named TVbean , animation produced by Fuji Creative Corporation and Planet Inc. ( called PLANET ENTERTAINMENT Inc. starting 1 September 2005 ) in Japan , with Nelvana and Funimation jointly control sales , distribution and merchandising rights outside of Asia . On 5 October 2004 , Nelvana announced the production of the series . The series first broadcast 19 December 2004 on TTV Main Channel . Its first Japanese broadcast started on Animax on 8 January 2005 , followed by Tokyo MX TV in April 2005 . The series premiered in Canada on YTV on 5 July 2006 and is part of the KidSuite package in 2016 . Between May 2005 and December 2005 , Nelvana Limited Completed re-packaging 26 episodes of Pandalian for the North American Market . This included new voice talent , story adaptations and new music underscore and theme .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5296fd007c6a3d2dea13c2d5181fffb8",
"text": "Something in the Air (TV series) Something in the Air was an Australian television soap opera transmitted by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation between 2000 and 2002 . It was one of the first programs in Australia that was filmed in widescreen . It won the AACTA Award for Best Television Drama Series in 2001 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "493d0a316be6a416759a6916fa978952",
"text": "Racebending __ NOTOC __ Racebending is a neologism used to describe a process where a character 's perceived race or ethnicity is changed in a narrative by an adapter as it is created in a new media form . The term was coined by one of the founders of the website Racebending.com , which was created to protest the casting of white actors in the 2010 film The Last Airbender , where the originating TV series Avatar : The Last Airbender featured characters of East Asian appearance . The term `` racebending '' was derived from Avatar characters ' ability to manipulate or `` bend '' the classical elements of water , earth , fire , and air . Assistant Professor Kristen J. Warner wrote that the term has `` many definitions and contexts '' , such as being the industrial practice of color-blind casting or writing fan fiction , the latter being `` when writers change the race and cultural specificity of central characters or pull a secondary character of color from the margins , transforming her into the central protagonist . '' In 2010 , Racebending.com and the Media Action Network for Asian Americans ( MANAA ) urged boycotts of The Last Airbender as well as Prince of Persia : The Sands of Time due to their practices of racebending . Prince of Persia was criticized for casting white actors for the principal cast instead of actors of Iranian or Middle Eastern descent . Fan activism over The Last Airbender led to the term becoming prevalent and becoming the name of the activist movement . Activists used the term interchangeably with `` whitewashing '' to describe white actors being cast as non-white characters in adaptations of media . Pastes Abbey White said in 2016 that the term was subsequently adopted to apply to actors of color being cast in traditionally white roles . White said , `` In the last several years , racebending has become a practice used more and more to help networks diversify their ensembles and capture a bigger audience . Not only has it resulted in more racial visibility on the small screen , but in a far more unexpected way , racebending can generate deeper and more significant depictions of characters . ''",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
eacce5367ffa0b588466a195518d3e36
|
Pitch Perfect 3 stars Anna Kendrick, Anna Camp, Rebel Wilson, Brittany Snow, Hailee Steinfeld, Alexis Knapp, Ester Dean, Hana Mae Lee, Chrissie Fit, Kelley Jakle.
|
[
{
"docid": "9f4fcff3f63bc1c52a281ce538f3d658",
"text": "Pitch Perfect 3 Pitch Perfect 3 is an upcoming American musical comedy film directed by Trish Sie and written by Kay Cannon , Mike White , and Dana Fox . A sequel to 2015 's Pitch Perfect 2 and the third installment in the Pitch Perfect series , the film will star Anna Kendrick , Anna Camp , Rebel Wilson , Brittany Snow , Hailee Steinfeld , Alexis Knapp , Ester Dean , Hana Mae Lee , Chrissie Fit , Kelley Jakle , and Shelley Regner as the Bellas and Elizabeth Banks and John Michael Higgins . The film is scheduled to be released on December 22 , 2017 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "ce141ef3b2eeef8ecfb80427c515e761",
"text": "Making Today a Perfect Day `` Making Today a Perfect Day '' is a song from the 2015 Walt Disney Animation Studios computer-animated short film Frozen Fever , with music and lyrics by Kristen Anderson-Lopez and Robert Lopez and performed throughout most of the short . It was released as a single in the United States on March 12 , 2015 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4171f828f5ac50b9648f97e86709ba9e",
"text": "Fever Pitch (1997 film) Fever Pitch is a 1997 film starring Colin Firth , based loosely on Nick Hornby 's best-selling memoir , Fever Pitch : A Fan 's Life ( 1992 ) . Hornby also wrote the screenplay .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "88c54f418778287f4b8f66f525226687",
"text": "Playing It Cool Playing It Cool ( formerly known as A Many Splintered Thing ) is an American romantic comedy film directed by Justin Reardon and written by Chris Shafer and Paul Vicknair . The film stars Chris Evans , Michelle Monaghan , Anthony Mackie , Aubrey Plaza , Patrick Warburton , Ashley Tisdale , Ioan Gruffudd , and Topher Grace . The film was released on video on demand starting on March 31 , 2015 before a limited release on May 8 , 2015 by Vertical Entertainment .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e8b4663231c49311e87df47e7a66f844",
"text": "Audition (The Fools Who Dream) `` Audition ( The Fools Who Dream ) '' is a song from the film La La Land ( 2016 ) . The music of the song was composed by Justin Hurwitz while the lyrics were provided by Benj Pasek and Justin Paul . In the film , the song is performed by Emma Stone . It received a nomination for Best Original Song at the 89th Academy Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "19be157a23b4e895daddbd75810bf9ae",
"text": "Asia Ray Smith Asia Ray Smith ( born December 7 , 1988 in Kaimuki Hawaii United States ) is an American actress . She is best known for her role as Sierra Hoffman on The Young and the Restless .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1c4d1cd026b3061c35c55bd465fe9a01",
"text": "List of The X Factor finalists (U.S. season 3) The third and final season of The X Factor airing on Fox on September 11 , 2013 and ended on December 19 , 2013 . Paulina Rubio mentored the boys , Demi Lovato mentored the girls , Kelly Rowland mentored the over 25s and Simon Cowell mentored the groups . The winner Alex & Sierra , securing a $ 1 million recording contract with Sony Music and Simon Cowell 's record label Syco Records .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f8c4d80d84d8defa50142d6abcb67a6a",
"text": "Devin Kelley Devin Kelley ( born January 18 , 1986 ) is an American actress . She starred in the ABC drama series Resurrection playing Dr. Maggie Langston and also co-starred on the Fox crime drama The Chicago Code .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a28236cbd09a75733f2286ebcaeb2dbc",
"text": "Teen Mom 3 Teen Mom 3 was an American reality television series that premiered on August 26 , 2013 , on MTV and concluded its run on November 18 , 2013 . It chronicles the lives of four girls from the fourth season of 16 and Pregnant as they navigate their first year of motherhood and changing social relationships . The series was announced on February 27 , 2012 , as the third installment of the Teen Mom franchise , coming one day before Teen Mom 2 concluded its second season . In December 2013 , it was revealed by the cast , via Twitter , that Teen Mom 3 had been canceled after one season . In March 2017 , it was announced that cast member Briana DeJesus would join the Teen Mom 2 cast for the eighth season .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4d06c2b6b95e916713962e3b6ce56877",
"text": "Legally Blonde: The Musical – The Search for Elle Woods Legally Blonde : The Musical -- The Search for Elle Woods is an MTV program created in order to cast an actress to replace Laura Bell Bundy in the role of Elle Woods in the Broadway production of Legally Blonde : The Musical . The show debuted on June 2 , 2008 . The winner of the show , Bailey Hanks , in addition to being cast in the role , was given the opportunity to record her own single of the musical 's first-act closer , `` So Much Better '' . The show concluded on July 21 , 2008 . Autumn Hurlbert was the runner up . She served as Hanks ' understudy and performed in the ensemble of the show ( replacing Becky Gulsvig who left to join the tour ) . Bundy 's last performance in the musical was on July 20 , 2008 . Hanks began performances on July 23 , 2008 and remained with the show until it closed on October 19 , 2008 . Two other show finalists -- Rhiannon Hansen and Lauren Zakrin , performed in the `` Legally Blonde '' national tour . Hansen played Margot in the musical and Zakrin performed in the ensemble as well serving as understudy to Becky Gulsvig as Elle Woods . The show began with 15 contestants . All except the winner were eliminated over nine episodes , in which they performed songs and faced other challenges . A three-judge panel made the elimination decisions . Most episodes involved a small prize for the winner of the challenge .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3b88cd5e81c756601c61d1bd406ebf52",
"text": "Anna Fantastic Anna Garcia , whose legal name is Anna Florence and is professionally known as Anna Fantastic ( a name given to her by Prince ) , is an English actress , singer and model .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b6122d79b1234a4b0ed6ebcd6852ad49",
"text": "A Perfect Match (song) `` A Perfect Match '' was A-Teens ' third and final single from their third album New Arrival . The track was written by Mack , Habolin and Jasson and became one of the band 's biggest hits in Sweden and Latin-America . The song reached number-two in Sweden and Mexico , it also reached number-five in Argentina despite the album New Arrival was never released there and also hit number-eleven in Chile and number-seventy on the Official Euro chart . Because of the delays in Germany both the single and album flopped in the country , reaching a disappointing number seventy-seven on the Singles Chart . The music was used with new lyrics in J-Pop singer Nami Tamaki 's 2004 single `` Daitan ni Ikimashou Heart & Soul '' . An alternate version was created for Radio Disney , replacing `` Snatch '' with `` Flash '' , as the former is the name of an R-rated movie ; and also substituting `` South Park '' with `` Star Wars '' , as the former contains a lot of foul language that may be inappropriate for children ( the key audience of the band )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b5d36dc7aac688ea95459be0356d7681",
"text": "Anne Winters (actress) Anne Christine Winters ( born June 3 , 1994 ) is an American actress . She is known for her roles in the FX drama series Tyrant as Emma Al-Fayeed , and the ABC crime drama series Wicked City as Vicki Roth . She had a recurring role as Kelsey on the ABC Family drama series The Fosters , and also starred in the films Sand Castles ( 2014 ) , Pass the Light ( 2015 ) , and The Bride He Bought Online ( 2015 ) . She won the Nice International Film Festival Award for Best Supporting Actress for her role in The Tribe ( 2016 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bc10071beaa17da4d14b16c78c6031c9",
"text": "Chelsea Kane Chelsea Kane Staub ( born September 15 , 1988 ) , known professionally as Chelsea Kane since early 2011 , is an American actress and singer . She is known for her role as Stella Malone in the Disney Channel sitcom television series and the role of Riley Perrin in the Freeform sitcom , Baby Daddy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "da6cf3b4195a1de54084361a8f51569a",
"text": "Kelly Hu Kelly Ann Hu born February 13 , 1968 . She is an American actress , voice actress , and former fashion model . She was Miss Teen USA 1985 and Miss Hawaii USA 1993 . Hu starred as Dr. Rae Chang on the American television soap opera Sunset Beach and as Michelle Chan on the American television police drama series Nash Bridges . She has also starred in numerous films including The Scorpion King ( 2002 ) as Sorceress Cassandra , Cradle 2 the Grave ( 2003 ) as Sona , X2 as Yuriko Oyama/Lady Deathstrike ( 2003 ) , The Tournament ( 2009 ) as Lai Lai Zhen , and White Frog ( 2012 ) . Hu has had recurring roles as Pearl on the CW series The Vampire Diaries , as China White on the CW series Arrow , as Abigail Cho on the Syfy series Warehouse 13 , as Stacy Hirano in the animated series Phineas and Ferb , and as Oroku Karai/Hamato Miwa on Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0eac8226fcd34f2ef02c2b7794fa339b",
"text": "Jessica Stroup Jessica Leigh Stroup ( born October 23 , 1986 ) is an American actress , best known for her role as Erin Silver on 90210 , Max Hardy on The Following , and Joy Meachum in Iron Fist . She is regarded as a scream queen for starring in the horror films Prom Night , Vampire Bats , Left in Darkness , and The Hills Have Eyes 2 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "475af628ce36adf1f451d82b83024fc7",
"text": "Britney/Brittany `` Britney/Brittany '' is the second episode of the second season of the American television series Glee , and the twenty-fourth episode overall . Written and directed by series creator Ryan Murphy , it premiered on the Fox network on September 28 , 2010 , and pays tribute to Britney Spears . Glee club member Brittany S. Pierce ( Heather Morris ) experiences an anesthesia-induced hallucination in which she recreates iconic Spears moments , and comes to self-realization , and several club members follow suit . Co-captains Rachel ( Lea Michele ) and Finn ( Cory Monteith ) experience difficulties in their relationship , and club director Will Schuester ( Matthew Morrison ) becomes jealous of guidance counselor Emma Pillsbury 's ( Jayma Mays ) new boyfriend , Dr. Carl Howell ( John Stamos ) . Following the first season episode `` The Power of Madonna '' , which served as an homage to Madonna , Murphy planned two tribute episodes for Glee second season , of which `` Britney/Brittany '' is the first . He was approached by Spears about using her songs , and deemed her one of the most important female musicians of the decade , having inspired many of the show 's young cast to pursue musical careers . Spears makes several cameos in the episode , appearing in the students ' dream sequences . `` Britney/Brittany '' was also intended as a showcase for Morris , whose character was originally a background character on the show , but was promoted to a series regular after her character proved to be a fan favorite . The episode features seven musical performances , six of which were released as singles . It was watched by 13.51 million American viewers , Glee third largest audience ever , and attracted mixed reviews from critics . ToddVanDerWerff of The A.V. Club criticized its slightness of plot and incongruous musical numbers ; however , James Poniewozik of Time praised the episode for embracing its fantasy nature . Entertainment Weekly Tim Stack was dismayed by the close recreations of Spears videos , preferring Glee more original interpretations of its cover versions , yet MTV 's Aly Semigran felt that the performance of `` I 'm a Slave 4 U '' was one of the best sequences in the show 's history . Michele 's rendition of '' ... Baby One More Time '' attracted negative reviews , though her performance of Paramore 's `` The Only Exception '' was generally well received . Spears ' cameo received mixed reviews , with even those critics who received it favorably expressing relief that she did not appear for longer . Morris ' performance attracted critical praise , particularly for her dancing skills .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cc08e899c32b687905ada7fa82cbcdac",
"text": "Jaz Sinclair Jasmine Sinclair Sabino ( born July 22 , 1994 ) known professionally as Jaz Sinclair , is an American film and television actress . She is known for playing Angela in Paper Towns and Anna in When the Bough Breaks .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3bc66dd157864e1592094b1e60592e92",
"text": "Girl Rising (film) Girl Rising is a movie produced by Kayce Freed , Tom Yellin and Holly Gordon at The Documentary Group in partnership with Paul G. Allen and Jody Allen of Vulcan Productions . It was directed by Academy Award nominee Richard E. Robbins and features narration by Anne Hathaway , Cate Blanchett , Selena Gomez , Liam Neeson , Priyanka Chopra , Chloë Grace Moretz , Freida Pinto , Salma Hayek , Meryl Streep , Alicia Keys and Kerry Washington . The movie tells the stories of nine girls from nine countries : ( Sierra Leone , Haiti , Ethiopia , Afghanistan , Peru , Egypt , Nepal , India and Cambodia ) . Each girl had her story written by a writer from her country and voiced by renowned actors . Their stories reflect their struggles to overcome societal or cultural barriers . The writers are Loung Ung ( Cambodia ) , Edwidge Danticat ( Haiti ) , Manjushree Thapa ( Nepal ) , Mona Eltahawy ( Egypt ) , Maaza Mengiste ( Ethiopia ) , Sooni Taraporevala ( India ) , Maria Arana ( Peru ) , Aminatta Forna ( Sierra Leone ) , Zarghuna Kargar ( Afghanistan ) . The girls ' names are Sokha ( Cambodia ) , Wadley ( Haiti ) , Suma ( Nepal ) , Yasmin ( Egypt ) , Azmera ( Ethiopia ) , Ruksana ( India ) , Senna ( Peru ) , Mariama ( Sierra Leone ) and Amina ( Afghanistan ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0beffdcb80a301a05d58e5588fa0397b",
"text": "Shake It Up (season 3) The third and final season of Shake It Up premiered on Disney Channel on October 14 , 2012 . Bella Thorne , Zendaya , and Davis Cleveland appeared in every episode . Adam Irigoyen was absent for four episodes , Roshon Fegan was absent for five , and Caroline Sunshine was absent for nine . Kenton Duty is not a main cast member in this season and has been removed from the opening credits . This is the final season of the series , with the series finale airing on November 10 , 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "663071c530c6bbb88ea75f7d5615bf6f",
"text": "I Wanna Be A Model (Season 3) I Wan na Be A Model ( 我要做Model3 ) featured a cast of 16 contestants ( eight male models and eight female models ) who competed with each other to become the ultimate male and female supermodel . The participants had to outshine each other on the catwalk fashion shows , photo shoots , self-make-up and self-styling assignments and in video clip shoots .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
56f2eb7f461e1ad78496fda7a01ddd29
|
The Murder of Roger Ackroyd is published in June 1930.
|
[
{
"docid": "67276e7ae103032973cebdc4988cd490",
"text": "The Murder of Roger Ackroyd The Murder of Roger Ackroyd is a work of detective fiction by Agatha Christie , first published in June 1926 in the United Kingdom by William Collins , Sons and in the United States by Dodd , Mead and Company on 19 June 1926 . It is the third novel to feature Hercule Poirot as the lead detective . Poirot retires to a village near the home of a friend he met in London , Roger Ackroyd , who agrees to keep him anonymous , as he pursues his retirement project of perfecting vegetable marrows . He is not long at this pursuit when his friend is murdered . Ackroyd 's niece calls Poirot in to ensure that the guilt does not fall on Ackroyd 's son ; Poirot promises to find the truth , which she accepts . The novel was initially well-received , remarked for the startling ending , and in 2013 , 87 years after its release the British Crime Writers ' Association voted it the best crime novel ever . It is one of Christie 's best known and most controversial novels , its innovative twist ending having a significant impact on the genre . Howard Haycraft included this novel in his list of the most influential crime novels ever written . The short biography of Christie which is included in 21st century UK printings of her books calls it her masterpiece , although writer and critic Robert Barnard has written that he considers it a conventional Christie novel .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "29371e46d7af07a98a41d03e29b58f8c",
"text": "The Murder Man The Murder Man is a 1935 American crime-drama film starring Spencer Tracy , Virginia Bruce , and Lionel Atwill , and directed by Tim Whelan . The picture was Tracy 's first film in what would be a twenty-year career with MGM . Tracy plays an investigative reporter who specializes in murder cases . The film is notable as the feature film debut of James Stewart ( who had previously appeared in a Shemp Howard comedy short called Art Trouble ) . Stewart has sixth billing as a reporter named Shorty .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "76402b7628b1c2c625aa8e757206bbcd",
"text": "The Red Rover The Red Rover is a novel by American writer James Fenimore Cooper . It was originally published in Paris on November 27 , 1827 , before being published in London three days later on November 30 . It was not published in the United States until January 9 , 1828 , in Philadelphia . Soon after its publication it was adapted for theater both in the United States and in England . The novel follows the activities of the sailor Dick Fid , free black sailor Scipio Africanus and Royal Navy officer James Wilder as they encounter the famous pirate , `` The Red Rover '' . A contemporary reviewer in the North American Review noted how Cooper was particularly good at writing sea novels such as The Red Rover , the sea being his more natural element than what the author calls wilderness novels which focused on an Indian introducing a white man to the wilderness , like The Last of the Mohicans . In addition , The Red Rover presents some of the first serious depictions of characters of African lineage in American literature .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "770fad2e43ae7a7fccbc8d7a3be31f3f",
"text": "It Walks By Night It Walks By Night , first published in 1930 , is the first detective novel by John Dickson Carr which features for the first time Carr 's series detective Henri Bencolin . This novel is a mystery of the type known as a whodunit .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0ee74bdea6782a5c1b46841873509d08",
"text": "Treason Act 1800 The Treason Act 1800 ( 39 & 40 Geo .3 c. 93 ) was an Act of the Parliament of the Kingdom of Great Britain . It assimilated the procedure on trials for treason and misprision of treason to the procedure on trials for murder in certain cases . It was passed as a result of an attempt on the life of George III by James Hadfield earlier that year . The Criminal Lunatics Act 1800 was passed at the same time . The Act provided that in all cases of high treason which consisted of compassing or imagining the death of the King , or of misprision of that species of high treason , where the overt act ( or acts ) of that species of high treason alleged in the indictment for that offence was the assassination or killing of the King , or a direct attempt against his life , or a direct attempt against his person whereby his life might be endangered or his person might suffer bodily harm , the accused could be , and was to be , indicted , arraigned , tried and attainted , in same manner , and under the same procedure ( `` course and order of trial '' ) and on the same evidence , as if he was charged with murder . It further provided that nothing in the Treason Act 1695 or the Treason Act 1708 was to extend to any indictment for high treason consisting of compassing or imagining the death of the King , or for misprision of such treason , which alleged any of the overt acts specified above . It further provided that nothing contained in the Act was to be construed to affect the penalty for treason fixed by law . The provisions of the Act were amended and extended to all cases of treason and misprision of treason by section 1 of the Treason Act 1945 ; subject to a saving for the 1695 and 1708 Acts ( s. 2 ( 2 ) ) and five separate repeals of words ( s. 2 ( 1 ) ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "39ec8c14584488573809a31da108b6a2",
"text": "The Night Letter The Night Letter is a 1978 book by Paul Spike , with a double-layered structure : an anti-Nazi spy thriller on the background of the early part of the Second World War , and an exposure of cynical and machiavellian maneuverings in the American corridors of power . The book belongs to the subgenre of secret history -- i.e. with a plot in which real historical figures play a substantial part , doing things which are the author 's invention but which supposedly ( for reasons given in the plot ) remained secret and did not come to the knowledge of the public . In the book , a British doctor meets in 1936 with President Franklin D. Roosevelt , who is unaware that the doctor is a Nazi sympathizer . The visitor manages to secretly photograph the President in a compromising position with his secretary , Missy LeHand ( whom historians widely assume to have been indeed Roosevelt 's mistress ) . By 1940 , senior Nazi leader Reinhard Heydrich possesses the picture and intends to use the photo for blackmail and prevent Roosevelt from running for a third term -- in the hope that whoever gets elected instead would be more likely to keep the US out of the Second World War . The President must recover the photo before the Democratic Party Convention which is about to nominate him . What makes the situation more difficult is that Roosevelt also needs to bypass the FBI -- for apprehension that should the photo fall into the hands of J. Edgar Hoover , the FBI Director might use it for his own brand of blackmail . Instead , Roosevelt employs former FBI Agent Jackson , who had left the Bureau under a cloud and incurred Hoover 's personal enmity , and who is completely loyal to the President . The bulk of the book follows Jackson 's chase after the photo , starting from Paris at the very eve of its fall to the Wehrmacht and concluding with a cataclysmic confrontation at a secret Michigan base of the `` Silver Shirts '' -- a murderous , power-mad American Fascist militia ( which truly existed , though not necessarily doing all that the book describes it as doing ) . The chase ends with a mixed result -- the Nazi agents have been killed or captured , but the negative did fall into the hands of the FBI who caught the scent of what was going on . The book ends on a cynical note : Hoover meets the President at the White House , claims to have destroyed the negatives ( which is manifestly untrue ) and proceeds to imperiously demand the sacking of Jackson -- obviously he is under the impression that he now holds Roosevelt 's fate in his hand . Upon being shown this , the President presents a photo of his own , showing Hoover in a compromising position with a handsome young FBI agent . Roosevelt and Hoover would henceforth be tied to each other , `` like convicts in chain gang '' , each able to destroy the other but only at the cost of his own destruction . Category :1978 books Category : Corruption Category : Secret histories Category : Thriller novels",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0d309a9d2c474d6d1f98bddbb9908c49",
"text": "Narcissus and Goldmund Narcissus and Goldmund ( ; also published as Death and the Lover ) is a novel written by the German -- Swiss author Hermann Hesse which was first published in 1930 . At its publication , Narcissus and Goldmund was considered Hesse 's literary triumph ; chronologically , it follows Steppenwolf .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1eb5051bbbc2a6ed50e9bd55aad59624",
"text": "Burmese Days Burmese Days is a novel by British writer George Orwell . It was first published in the UK in 1934 . It is a tale from the waning days of British colonialism , when Burma was ruled from Delhi as a part of British India -- `` a portrait of the dark side of the British Raj . '' At its centre is John Flory , `` the lone and lacking individual trapped within a bigger system that is undermining the better side of human nature . '' Orwell 's first novel , it describes `` corruption and imperial bigotry '' in a society where , `` after all , natives were natives -- interesting , no doubt , but finally ... an inferior people '' . Because of concerns that the novel might be potentially libellous , that Katha was described too realistically , and that some of the characters might be based on real people , it was first published `` further afield '' , in the United States . A British edition , with altered names , appeared a year later . When it was published in the 1930s , Orwell 's harsh portrayal of colonial society was felt by `` some old Burma hands '' to have `` rather let the side down '' . In a letter from 1946 , Orwell said `` I dare say it 's unfair in some ways and inaccurate in some details , but much of it is simply reporting what I have seen '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e4a51cbc38a9a5422689660cdb397b93",
"text": "Avery Corman Avery Corman ( born November 28 , 1935 ) is an American novelist .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c9952dd222f28dd9dc76b9dba6fd0bc1",
"text": "Dumb Witness Dumb Witness is a detective fiction novel by British writer Agatha Christie , first published in the UK by the Collins Crime Club on 5 July 1937 and in the US by Dodd , Mead and Company later in the same year under the title of Poirot Loses a Client . The UK edition retailed at seven shillings and sixpence ( 7/6 ) and the US edition at $ 2.00 . The book features the Belgian detective Hercule Poirot and is narrated by his friend Arthur Hastings . One novel published after this one features Hastings as narrator , 1975 's Curtain : Poirot 's Last Case .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f5bb2cee99a258a28c47d71e596de9f0",
"text": "Gerald Duckworth Gerald de l'Etang Duckworth ( 1870 -- 28 September 1937 ) was a British publisher .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bc448d4e77df10bfe472b5f1a6734b3b",
"text": "Gaudy Night Gaudy Night ( 1935 ) is a mystery novel by Dorothy L. Sayers , the tenth in her popular series about aristocratic sleuth Lord Peter Wimsey , and the third featuring crime writer Harriet Vane . The dons of Harriet Vane 's alma mater , the all-female Shrewsbury College , Oxford ( a thinly veiled take on Sayers ' own Somerville College ) , have invited her back to attend the annual ` Gaudy ' celebrations . However , the mood turns sour when someone begins a series of malicious pranks including poison-pen messages , obscene graffiti , the destruction of a set of proofs and crafting vile effigies . Desperate to avoid a possible murder in college , Harriet eventually asks her old friend Wimsey to investigate .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1f88d48a069617b77b9edf3726f78180",
"text": "George Eric Rowe Gedye George Eric Rowe Gedye -LSB- geddi -RSB- ( * 27 May 1890 in Clevedon , Somerset , † 21 March 1970 ; often cited as G. E. R. Gedye ) , was a British journalist , author and intelligence officer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3adb98db7ba7f53241982eac2c9c39c8",
"text": "June 1931 The following events occurred in June 1931 :",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b80943e6b2bef01c2b88bec31dbf6ab7",
"text": "Sleeping Murder Sleeping Murder : Miss Marple 's Last Case is a work of detective fiction by Agatha Christie and first published in the UK by the Collins Crime Club in October 1976 and in the US by Dodd , Mead and Company later in the same year . The UK edition retailed for # 3.50 and the US edition for $ 7.95 . The book features Miss Marple . It was the last Christie novel , published posthumously , although not the last one Christie wrote featuring Miss Marple . The story is set in the 1930s , though written during the Second World War . She aids a young couple who choose to uncover events in the wife 's past life , and not let sleeping murder lie .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5103c3584b063c431bd1268e9b5e76fb",
"text": "1926",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "54b0aeef7c35f212e05ae89bfd34fe3b",
"text": "James Chadwin James Armstrong Chadwin QC ( 7 June 1930 -- 16 January 2006 ) was a prominent British barrister , whose cases included defending Peter Sutcliffe , the `` Yorkshire Ripper '' . Chadwin was born in Glasgow and educated at the High School of Glasgow , Glasgow University ( where he read modern languages and met the woman he was to marry ) and Jesus College , Oxford . Whilst at Oxford , he was active as an actor and director in university theatre and also joined the Oxford University Air Squadron . He then spent six years in the Royal Air Force as an education officer at RAF Sandwich , his eyesight not being good enough to enable him to be a pilot . He was then called to the bar by Gray 's Inn in 1958 and joined chambers in Newcastle upon Tyne where his contemporaries included Peter Taylor , later Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales . Chadwin practised mainly in the field of criminal law and became a Queen 's Counsel in 1976 . He also became a Recorder in the same year , presiding over some trials at the Old Bailey . He was later appointed a Bencher of Gray 's Inn and , in 1988 , Leader of the Northern Circuit . Chadwin represented Peter Sutcliffe in 1981 . Sutcliffe had admitted killing 13 women and attempting to kill seven others . Four psychiatrists reported on Sutcliffe and diagnosed paranoid schizophrenia , and Sir Michael Havers QC , the Attorney-General , was prepared to accept a plea of guilty to manslaughter on the grounds of diminished responsibility . However , the trial judge , Mr Justice Boreham , refused to accept this plea and so Sutcliffe was tried for murder . Chadwin 's attempts to secure a manslaughter verdict failed , although the jury returned a majority verdict of 10:2 reflecting doubts that two jurors had . Apart from Sutcliffe , his clients included Anthony Arkwright , who committed four murders in an apparent attempt to emulate Sutcliffe . He also represented Donna Anthony , who was convicted of killing her two children . The prosecution relied on evidence from Professor Sir Roy Meadow , whose evidence was later discredited . Chadwin appeared unsuccessfully for Donna Anthony on her first appeal , but illness prevented him representing her on her second , successful , appeal . Amongst his civil cases , Miller v. Jackson was a Court of Appeal decision on whether a cricket club was liable in nuisance and negligence to neighbouring residents when sixes were hit by players into their garden . Chadwin represented the neighbours and obtained an award of damages , although the injunction that had been granted at trial against the cricket club was overturned on appeal . Chadwin , who was married with four children , died in 2006 . His obituary in The Times described him in this way :",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ff7705b4a50fd74753b34472f22612a0",
"text": "1930 in Turkey Events in the year 1930 in Turkey .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "953db1349a5060f0151cf0369d6e4eeb",
"text": "Collins Crime Club Collins Crime Club was an imprint of British book publishers William Collins , Sons and ran from 6 May 1930 to April 1994 . Throughout its 64 years the club issued a total of 2,025 first editions of crime novels and reached a high standard of quality throughout . In the field of crime book collecting , Collins Crime Club is eagerly sought , particularly pre-war first editions in dustwrappers with their vivid and imaginative images .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "29e7830b7b312c3faa2803cdfd5b50ac",
"text": "Caledon Bay crisis The Caledon Bay crisis refers to a series of killings at Caledon Bay in the Northern Territory of Australia during 1932 -- 34 . These events are widely seen as a turning point in relations between indigenous and non-indigenous Australians . In 1932 , five Japanese trepang fishers were killed by Aboriginals in the Caledon Bay area of northeast Arnhem Land . In another incident on Woodah Island , two white men named Fagan and Traynor were killed . A policeman investigating the deaths , Constable Albert McColl , was subsequently also killed by Yolngu people . McColl had handcuffed a Yolngu woman as part of a plan to catch Dhakiyarr ( also known as Takiar , Tuckiar and Takiara ) but was killed by a spear through the heart while being led by the woman to where she had told him Dhakiyarr was camping . The killings triggered panic in Darwin , capital of the Northern Territory , generating fears that Aborigines -- the majority of the population in the Territory at the time -- might stage an uprising . A punitive expedition was proposed by police to `` teach the blacks a lesson '' . ( In 1928 , during a previous punitive expedition in the Northern Territory , police had killed up to 110 Aboriginal men , women and children ; an event known as the Coniston massacre . ) Many feared another such slaughter , and a party from the Church Missionary Society travelled to Arnhem Land and persuaded Dhakiyarr and three other men , who were sons of a Yolngu elder , Wonggu , to return to Darwin with them for trial . In Darwin , to the horror of the missionaries , Dhakiyarr was sentenced to death by hanging , and the three other men were sentenced to twenty years hard labour . On appeal to the High Court of Australia , Dhakiyarr 's sentence was quashed , and he was released from jail , but disappeared . Rumours suggested he had been killed by police . The resulting crisis threatened to bring about even more bloodshed . To defuse the situation , a young anthropologist , Donald Thomson , offered to investigate the causes of the conflict . He travelled to Arnhem Land , on a mission that many said would be suicidal , and got to know and understand the people who lived there . After a seven months ' investigation , he persuaded the Federal Government to free the three men convicted of the killings and returned with them to their own country , living for over a year with their people , documenting their culture . He formed a strong bond with the Yolngu people , and in 1941 he persuaded the Army to establish a special reconnaissance force of Yolngu men known as the Northern Territory Special Reconnaissance Unit , including Wonggu and his sons , to help repel Japanese raids on the northern coastline of Australia . The historian Henry Reynolds has suggested that the Caledon Bay crisis `` was a decisive moment in the history of Aboriginal-European relations . The High Court condemned frontier justice , the punitive expedition did not ride into Yolngu country and there had been an unprecedented outburst of public sentiment demanding a new deal for Indigenous Australians . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2a02282f4ce66b0368e7a28cb635ec50",
"text": "Roger la Honte (novel) Roger la Honte is an 1886 novel by the French writer Jules Mary . Its melodramatic plot takes place around the time of the Franco-Prussian War . It is his best known work . In 1887-1889 he published a sequel The Revenge of Roger la Honte which was released in two parts . Robert Williams Buchanan produced a play derived from the work in 1888 , retitled `` Jean the Disgraced '' and premiered at the Elephant and Castle Theater .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
e6383531d80cf806d3aa86ae122cdcb6
|
Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales was delayed twice.
|
[
{
"docid": "51aefe3b6eeae33da11ea7b988a858cd",
"text": "Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales Pirates of the Caribbean : Dead Men Tell No Tales ( also known as Pirates of the Caribbean : Salazar 's Revenge ) is a 2017 American fantasy swashbuckler film , the fifth installment in the Pirates of the Caribbean film series and the sequel to On Stranger Tides ( 2011 ) . The film is directed by Joachim Rønning and Espen Sandberg from a script by Jeff Nathanson , with Jerry Bruckheimer serving again as producer . Johnny Depp , Kevin McNally and Geoffrey Rush reprise their roles as Jack Sparrow , Joshamee Gibbs and Hector Barbossa , respectively . The film also stars Javier Bardem as Armando Salazar , Brenton Thwaites as Henry Turner and Kaya Scodelario as Carina Smyth . The film also features the returns of Orlando Bloom and Keira Knightley as Will Turner and Elizabeth Swann respectively , following their absence from the previous movie , On Stranger Tides . The filmmakers cited the first installment , The Curse of the Black Pearl ( 2003 ) , as inspiration for the script and tone of the film . Pre-production for the film started shortly before On Stranger Tides was released in early 2011 , with Terry Rossio writing a script for the film . In early 2013 , Jeff Nathanson was hired to write a new script , with Depp being involved in Nathanson 's writing process . Initially planned for a 2015 release , the film was delayed to 2016 and then to 2017 , due to script and budget issues . Principal photography started in Australia in February 2015 , after the Australian government offered Disney $ 20 million of tax incentives , and ended in July 2015 . It was released in conventional , Disney Digital 3-D , RealD 3D and IMAX 3D formats on May 26 , 2017 , received mixed reviews and has grossed $ 365 million worldwide .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "a76fc6a24ce2dd48aa2de128f86b826b",
"text": "Davy Jones (Pirates of the Caribbean) Davy Jones is a fictional character in the Pirates of the Caribbean film series , portrayed by Bill Nighy . He appears in the second and third films , Dead Man 's Chest and At World 's End , respectively , and cameos in the series ' fifth installment , Dead Men Tell No Tales . He is the captain of the Flying Dutchman ( based on the ghost ship of the same name ) . The computer-generated imagery used to complete Jones was named by Entertainment Weekly as the tenth favorite computer generated film character in film history , only behind King Kong in 2007 . The work on Davy Jones by Industrial Light and Magic earned them the 2006 Academy Award for Visual Effects for Dead Man 's Chest '' . The character is based on the superstition of Davy Jones ' Locker . In contrast to the historical legends , the film 's Jones is a villain .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4e4b202bd7e5c20b2754997c8108198f",
"text": "Adventure Time: Explore the Dungeon Because I Don't Know! Adventure Time : Explore the Dungeon Because I Do n't Know ! ( stylized as Adventure Time Explore the Dungeon Because I DO N'T KNOW ! ) is a video game directed by Tomm Hulett and developed by WayForward Technologies with the help of Pendleton Ward under license from Cartoon Network Interactive . It is published by D3 Publisher for Microsoft Windows , Wii U , PlayStation 3 , Xbox 360 and Nintendo 3DS . This is the second game based on the animated television series Adventure Time after 2012 's Adventure Time : Hey Ice King ! Why 'd You Steal Our Garbage ?!! . The game was first announced on May 14 , 2013 . The game includes voice acting from major characters and four-player cooperative multiplayer , except in the 3DS version , which has no multiplayer . Critical reception to the game was largely negative .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "01edae994f083b62686b8e3dcb52c04d",
"text": "Gulf of Honduras The Gulf or Bay of Honduras is a large inlet of the Caribbean Sea , indenting the coasts of Belize , Guatemala , and Honduras . From north to south , it runs for approximately 200 km from Dangriga , Belize , to La Ceiba , Honduras . The inner Gulf of Honduras is lined by the Belize Barrier Reef which forms the southern part of the 900 km long Mesoamerican Barrier Reef System , the second-largest coral reef system in the world . The Belize Barrier Reef includes a number of small islands , called cays , and collectively known as the Pelican Cays . The Gulf of Honduras is marked by complex dynamics of coastal and open waters , and ocean currents , which have produced a very diverse and unique ecosystem with a wide variety of coastal marine waters , including coastline estuaries , barrier beaches , lagoons , intertidal salt marshes , mangrove forests , seagrass beds , keys and barrier reefs . The gulf receives the runoff from the watersheds of 12 rivers with an estimated discharge of 1232 m ³ s − 1 . These rivers include the Moho , Sarstún , Río Dulce , Motagua , and Ulúa . Increased volumes of sediments drained in the Gulf of Honduras pose a threat to its marine ecosystem . Many American anglers visit the Gulf of Honduras to catch the marlin that abound there . Tourists are often taken on boat trips to the Pelican Cays , notably Caye Caulker and Ambergris Caye . In 1961 Hurricane Hattie swept across the Gulf of Honduras , destroying buildings in Belize . The infamous pirate Blackbeard spent the winter of 1717-1718 harassing shipping boats sailing to and from the port of Vera Cruz , Mexico and traversing the Bay of Honduras . In April 1718 , at Turneffe Atoll , Blackbeard captured the logwood cutting sloop Adventure and forced its captain , David Herriot , to join him . Blackbeard then made Israel Hands captain of the Adventure and began sailing for North Carolina .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cc80942fdb14dc2548d8860a0e92177c",
"text": "Dead to Rights Dead to Rights is a third-person action video game produced by Namco . It was released in 2002 as a timed exclusive for the Xbox , and releases for the PlayStation 2 and Nintendo GameCube followed thereafter . A year after its console debut , the game was released for Microsoft Windows . It was followed by Dead to Rights II in 2004/2005 and Dead to Rights : Retribution on the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 in 2010 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ea0a93d8dda431079571dfb4ee365ed8",
"text": "Development of Duke Nukem Forever The video game Duke Nukem Forever spent fifteen years in development , from 1996 to 2011 . It is a first-person shooter for PC , PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 , developed by 3D Realms , Triptych Games , Gearbox Software and Piranha Games . It is a sequel to the 1996 game Duke Nukem 3D , as part of the long-running Duke Nukem video game series . Intended to be groundbreaking , Duke Nukem Forever has become infamous in the video games industry and was considered vaporware due to its severely protracted development schedule ; the game had been in development under 3D Realms since 1996 . Director George Broussard , one of the creators of the original Duke Nukem game , first announced the title 's development in April 1997 , and promotional information for the game was released in one form or another from 1997 until its release in 2011 . After repeatedly announcing and deferring release dates , 3D Realms announced in 2001 that it would be released simply `` when it 's done '' . In May 2009 , 3D Realms was downsized for financial reasons , resulting in the loss of the game 's development team . Statements by the company indicated that the project was due to `` go gold '' soon with pictures of final development . Take-Two Interactive , which owns the publishing rights to the game , filed a lawsuit in 2009 against 3D Realms over their `` failure to finish development '' . 3D Realms retorted that Take-Two 's legal interest in the game is limited to their publishing right . The case was settled with prejudice and details undisclosed in May 2010 . On September 3 , 2010 , 14 years after the start of the development , Duke Nukem Forever was officially reported by 2K Games to be in development at Gearbox Software , with an expected release date of 2011 . The official release date was then revealed to be May 3 , 2011 , in North America , with a worldwide release following on May 6 , 2011 . This was however delayed by a month to June 10 internationally with a North American release on June 14 . Duke Nukem Forever was finally released after 15 years of development on June 10 , 2011 , to mostly negative reviews .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0a55640024457900988c3b2aa9012214",
"text": "The Dam Short Film Festival The Dam Short Film Festival is a film festival held annually in Boulder City , Nevada , typically in early February . Lee Lanier and Anita Lanier are the original co-founders of the festival . The festival is organized by the Dam Short Film Society , a non-profit 501 ( c ) 3 Nevada corporation . Past festival sponsors have included The Art Institutes , the Nevada Film Office , the Hacienda Hotel and Casino , and Cirque du Soleil . The Society receives annual grants from the National Endowment for the Arts via the Nevada Arts Council . Started in 2005 , the Dam Short Film Festival only screens films that run between 1 and 40 minutes . Generally , there are between 100 and 140 short films programmed each year . Although most of the festival shorts are submitted by student , independent , and other `` up-and-coming '' filmmakers , the stiff competition means many of the shorts have been produced involving film professionals . These have included Oscar-winner Louis Gossett Jr. in `` Window , '' Oscar-winner , Tom Hanks , William Shatner , and Michael York in `` Why Shakespeare ? '' , the late Bela Lugosi narrating an animation based on the Edgar Allan Poe classic `` The Tell-Tale Heart '' , Francesco Quinn in `` The Gnostic '' , and Robert Wagner and Lori Singer in `` Little Victim '' The short films are arranged into thematic programs , such as international drama , crime drama , dramedy , science-fiction , horror , comedy , avant-garde , underground , and animation . In addition to the regular screenings , the festival presents special showcases and retrospectives ; for example , the 2009 event featured a showcase dedicated to documentary filmmaker Jay Rosenblatt while 2008 included a program dedicated to animator Jim Blashfield The festival also presents parties , mixers , filmmaker panels , and Q&A sessions with attending filmmakers . In 2008 , the Festival moved to the historic 400-seat Boulder Theatre . The Theatre was built in 1931 and is currently owned by Desi Arnaz Jr. and his wife Amy . 2014 marked the 10th anniversary of the festival . At present , Lee Lanier serves as the Dam Short Film Society 's executive director while John LaBonney serves as festival director . The Society has a working board of directors that varies from 4 to 6 members .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "00a47f45a8903ab372e4f8938ed1c815",
"text": "List of accolades received by BioShock Infinite BioShock Infinite is a first-person shooter video game developed by Irrational Games and published by 2K Games . Players assume control of Booker DeWitt ( Troy Baker ) , who is sent to rescue Elizabeth ( Courtnee Draper ) from her captivity on the floating air city of Columbia . The game 's development was led by creative director Ken Levine . The game was officially announced on August 12 , 2010 , and was widely anticipated . At the Spike Video Game Awards , it was nominated Most Anticipated Game three times . Following its previews at the Electronic Entertainment Expo , the game won numerous awards , including Best of Show from several gaming publications . It was released worldwide on March 26 , 2013 for Microsoft Windows , PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 . Review aggregator Metacritic assigned the game a normalized score of 94 out of 100 , indicating `` universal acclaim '' , based on 27 and 68 reviews for the Windows and PlayStation 3 versions , respectively ; the Xbox 360 version received 93 out of 100 based on 33 reviews . Within four months of its release , BioShock Infinite sold approximately four million copies , and eleven million by June 2015 . BioShock Infinite garnered awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for its music , story , visual design , characters , and the acting of its cast . At the 17th Annual DICE Awards , the game received six nominations and went on to win two awards : Action Game of the Year , and Outstanding Achievement in Original Music Composition . The game earned four nominations at the 10th British Academy Video Games Awards , winning Original Music . At IGN 's Best of 2013 , the game garnered twenty nominations and went on to win nine awards , including Best Overall Shooter Game and Best Overall Graphics for Art Design . At the 14th Annual Game Developers Choice Awards , BioShock Infinite won Best Audio and Best Visual Art . The game received nine nominations at the Spike VGX , winning Best Shooter , Best Song in a Game and Character of the Year . At the National Academy of Video Game Trade Reviewers Awards , the game received eleven nominations , with Courtnee Draper winning Supporting Performance in a Drama . The game appeared on several year-end lists of the best games of 2013 , receiving Game of the Year wins from the Associated Press , CNN , Electronic Gaming Monthly , Entertainment Weekly , Forbes , and Games .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "db3ba11949d0dfa240b8f656a789cb59",
"text": "Kaya Scodelario Kaya Scodelario-Davis ( born Kaya Rose Humphrey ; March 13 , 1992 ) is an English actress . She made her acting debut as Effy Stonem on the E4 teen drama Skins ( 2007-2010 ) , for which she received recognition and critical praise , garnering two Golden Nymph Award nominations for Outstanding Actress in a Drama Series and two TV Quick Award nominations for Best Actress . Following her film debut in the science-fiction film Moon ( 2009 ) and a role in the fantasy adventure film Clash of the Titans ( 2010 ) , Scodelario was nominated for the Glamour Award for PANDORA Breakthrough for her portrayal of Catherine Earnshaw in the 2011 film adaptation of Emily Brontë 's novel Wuthering Heights . In 2013 , Scodelario reprised the role of Effy in Skins Fire , and gained the supporting role of Anna Salter in the Channel 4 television drama Southcliffe ( 2013 ) ; she was nominated for both for the UK TV Actress Award at the 2014 GLAMOUR Women of the Year Awards . She gained wider recognition for her starring role as Teresa Agnes in dystopian science-fiction thriller The Maze Runner ( 2014 ) , which garnered her a third Glamour Award nomination for NEXT Breakthrough and a Teen Choice Award nomination for Choice Movie Actress : Action . She reprised the role in Maze Runner : The Scorch Trials ( 2015 ) and will reprise it again in Maze Runner : The Death Cure ( 2018 ) . Scodelario starred as Carina Smyth in Pirates of the Caribbean : Dead Men Tell No Tales , which was released May 26 , 2017 . Since 2015 , Scodelario has been married to American actor Benjamin Walker , with whom she has a son .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3fff2a34532dc282d0ef16d58d14ca22",
"text": "Mega Man 2 Mega Man 2 , known in Japan as , is an action-platform game developed and published by Capcom for the Nintendo Entertainment System . It is the second installment in the original Mega Man series . The game was released in Japan in 1988 and in North America and PAL regions the following years . Mega Man 2 continues the titular protagonist 's battle against the evil Dr. Wily and his rogue robots . The game features graphical and gameplay changes from the first Mega Man game , many of which have remained throughout the series . Although sales for Mega Man were unimpressive , Capcom allowed the Rockman team to create a sequel . They worked concurrently on other Capcom projects , using their free time to develop the game . Unused content from the previous title was integrated into Mega Man 2 . Takashi Tateishi composed the soundtrack , with Yoshihiro Sakaguchi serving as a sound programmer . With more than 1.5 million copies sold , the game is the best-selling Mega Man title . Critics praised its audio , visuals and gameplay as an improvement over the first game . Many publications rank Mega Man 2 as the best title in the series , and as one of the greatest video games of all time . The game has been re-released on several consoles and mobile phones .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f5063cd35e2d77e04bd015be36d17b4b",
"text": "Star Wars: Battlefront II Star Wars : Battlefront II is a 2005 first - and third-person shooter video game based on the Star Wars film franchise . Developed by Pandemic Studios and published by LucasArts it is a sequel to 2004 's Star Wars : Battlefront and the second game in the Battlefront series . The game was released in PAL regions on October 31 , 2005 , on the PlayStation 2 , PlayStation Portable ( PSP ) , Microsoft Windows , and Xbox platforms , and in North America on November 1 of the same year . It was later updated to be backwards compatible for the Xbox 360 . It was also released on the PlayStation Store on October 20 , 2009 , for download on the PSP . The PSP version was developed by Savage Entertainment . The game features new vehicles , characters , game mechanics , maps , and missions compared to the original Battlefront . Unlike its predecessor , Battlefront II features a more narrative-based campaign , retelling portions of the Star Wars story from the point of view of a veteran Imperial stormtrooper , reminiscing about his tour of duty in service of both the Galactic Republic and as part of the Galactic Empire . Gameplay additions over Battlefront include the use of Jedi , additional game modes such as hero assault , and objective-based space battles . Battlefront II was well received , with the PlayStation 2 and Xbox versions scoring in the mid 80s at aggregators GameRankings and Metacritic . The PC version scored slightly lower at both sites , scoring a 76.60 % at GameRankings and 78 at Metacritic . The PSP version was the worst received , scoring 70.93 % at GameRankings and 69 at Metacritic . Reviewers generally praised the narrative-based story ; however , some felt that the upgrades from the original were not enough to merit the price . Like the original game , it was a commercial success . GameSpy Technology scheduled a shut-down across all titles using the service for May 31 , 2014 , which included Star Wars : Battlefront II for PC , PS2 , and Xbox . Electronic Arts announced it would extend support for Battlefront II until June 30 , 2014 . The extended support ended on July 25 , 2014 , taking all GameSpy online video games across all platforms offline . The Windows version was added to a list of supported games on GameRanger on May 31 , 2014 , which allows for continued online play .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aac70686921446a952126dc23253f786",
"text": "Pirates: The Key of Dreams Pirates : The Key of Dreams is a shoot 'em up video game by developers Oxygen Games for WiiWare . A prequel to Oxygen 's Nintendo DS game Pirates : Duels on the High Seas , it was released in Europe on July 18 , 2008 and in North America on July 21 , 2008 . It costs 1000 Wii Points and takes up 125 Blocks .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "418f8ab84dcb89ef8ee4911cad9fa543",
"text": "List of Desert Island Discs episodes (2001–10) The BBC Radio 4 programme Desert Island Discs invites castaways to choose eight pieces of music , a book ( in addition to the Bible - or a religious text appropriate to that person 's beliefs - and the Complete Works of Shakespeare ) and a luxury item that they would take to an imaginary desert island , where they will be marooned indefinitely . The rules state that the chosen luxury item must not be anything animate or indeed anything that enables the castaway to escape from the island , for instance a radio set , sailing yacht or aeroplane . The choices of book and luxury can sometimes give insight into the guest 's life , and the choices of guests between 2001 and 2010 are listed here . Very rarely programmes will be repeated in place of new shows as a tribute to former guests who have recently died -- for example Radio 4 repeated Humphrey Lyttelton 's show , originally aired on 5 November 2006 , on 15 June 2008 . Desert Island Discs takes two short breaks , in spring and summer . BBC Radio 4 broadcasts new programmes for approximately 42 weeks each year on Sunday mornings , usually with a repeat transmission 5 days later . On Remembrance Sunday ( in November ) the programme is not broadcast but that week 's programme gets a single airing in the Friday repeat slot .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "45cca4f2ca741aa9586b00163ae81265",
"text": "The NeverEnding Story (film) The NeverEnding Story is a 1984 American epic fantasy film based on the novel of the same name by Michael Ende , about a boy who reads a magical book that tells a story of a young warrior whose task is to stop a dark storm called the Nothing from engulfing a fantasy world . The film was produced by Bernd Eichinger and Dieter Giessler and directed and co-written by Wolfgang Petersen ( his first English-language film ) and starred Noah Hathaway , Barret Oliver , Tami Stronach , Patricia Hayes , Sydney Bromley , Gerald McRaney , Moses Gunn , and Alan Oppenheimer as the voices of both Falkor and Gmork ( as well as other characters ) . At the time of its release , it was the most expensive film produced outside the United States or the Soviet Union . The film was the first in The NeverEnding Story film series and later followed by two sequels . Ende felt that this adaptation 's content deviated so far from the spirit of his book that he requested that production either be halted or the film 's title be changed ; when the producers did neither , he sued them and subsequently lost the case . Ende called the film a `` gigantic melodrama of kitsch , commerce , plush and plastic '' -LSB- Ein `` gigantisches Melodram aus Kitsch , Kommerz , Plüsch und Plastik '' -RSB- . The film only adapts the first half of the book , and consequently does not convey the message of the title as it was portrayed in the novel . The second half of the book would subsequently be used as the rough basis for the second film , The Next Chapter . The third film , Escape from Fantasia , features a completely original plot .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4e1562e3e2ba348de668f39a050d4889",
"text": "Japan Academy Prize for Outstanding Foreign Language Film Every year since its inception , the Japanese Academy has recognized an outstanding foreign film . The year that any given film is nominated is not based on the film 's domestic release date but rather on the date it is released in Japan . As delays of over four months are not uncommon , many films are nominated in Japan the following year after their release to the Japanese market ( i.e. Million Dollar Baby won the American Academy Award for Best Picture for films made in 2004 , but the Japanese award , based on its localized release date , is for 2005 ) . In fact , not one of the five films nominated for the 2007 Academy Award for Best Picture had been released in Japan by February 15 , 2008 , the date of the Japan Academy Prize Ceremony . Although the 2007 recipient of this award , Letters from Iwo Jima , a film almost entirely in Japanese , would not seem to meet the qualification of a `` Foreign Language Film '' , the actual Japanese title of the award , 最優秀外国作品賞 makes no mention of language . It would be more accurately translated as `` Best Foreign Production '' . 2017 - Sully The Martian Zootopia Star Wars : The Force Awakens The Revenant 2016 - American Sniper Kingsman : The Secret Service Mad Max : Fury Road Spectre Whiplash 2015 - Frozen Interstellar Jersey Boys Fury Godzilla 2014 - Les Misérables 3 Idiots Captain Phillips Django Unchained Gravity 2013 - The Intouchables Argo The Dark Knight Rises The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo Skyfall 2012 - The King 's Speech Rise of the Planet of the Apes Moneyball The Social Network Black Swan 2011 - Avatar Inception Toy Story 3 Invictus The Hurt Locker 2010 - Gran Torino Slumdog Millionaire Changeling The Wrestler Red Cliff Part II 2009 - The Dark Knight The Bucket List No Country for Old Men Lust , Caution Red Cliff Part I 2008 - Letters from Iwo Jima Dreamgirls Babel Hairspray The Bourne Ultimatum 2007 - Flags of Our Fathers Crash Hotel Rwanda Pirates of the Caribbean : Dead Man 's Chest The Da Vinci Code 2006 - Million Dollar Baby Cinderella Man Charlie and the Chocolate Factory The Phantom of the Opera Star Wars : Episode III -- Revenge of the Sith 2005 - The Last Samurai The Lord of the Rings : The Return of the King Mystic River Seabiscuit Troy 2004 - The Pianist Chicago The Hours The Lord of the Rings : The Two Towers Yeopgijeogin geunyeo 2003 - Monster 's Ball Gangs of New York Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets I Am Sam The Lord of the Rings : The Fellowship of the Ring 2002 - Billy Elliot Artificial Intelligence : AI Chocolat Harry Potter and the Philosopher 's Stone Postmen in the Mountains 2001 - Dancer in the Dark American Beauty Gladiator The Green Mile Swiri 2000 - The Sixth Sense Elizabeth The Matrix Shakespeare in Love La Vita è bella 1999 - L.A. Confidential Armageddon As Good as It Gets Good Will Hunting Saving Private Ryan 1998 - Titanic The English Patient Shine Air Force One Seven Years in Tibet1997 - Il Postino Independence Day Mission : Impossible Se7en 12 Monkeys1996 - The Shawshank Redemption Apollo 13 The Bridges of Madison County Forrest Gump Léon 1995 - Schindler 's List The Piano Pulp Fiction Speed True Lies 1994 - Jurassic Park Cliffhanger The Fugitive Heaven & Earth Unforgiven 1993 - JFK The Lover Basic Instinct The Bodyguard A League of Their Own 1992 - Dances with Wolves Awakenings Nikita The Silence of the Lambs Terminator 2 : Judgment Day 1991 - Field of Dreams Die Hard 2 Ghost Cinema Paradiso Total Recall 1990 - Die Hard Black Rain Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade Major League Rain Man 1989 - The Last Emperor Fatal Attraction Full Metal Jacket Moonstruck Wall Street 1988 - Platoon Hannah and Her Sisters Stand By Me Top Gun The Untouchables 1987 - Back to the Future Aliens A Chorus Line The Color Purple Out of Africa 1986 - Amadeus The Cotton Club The Killing Fields A Passage to India Witness 1985 - Once Upon a Time in America Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom The Natural The Right Stuff Terms of Endearment 1984 - An Officer and a Gentleman The Woman Next DoorFlashdanceGandhiSophie 's Choice1983 - E.T. the Extra-TerrestrialDas BootChariots of FireOn Golden PondRocky III1982 - Die BlechtrommelBeing ThereThe Elephant ManOrdinary PeopleLes Uns et les Autres1981 - Kramer vs. KramerAll That JazzApocalypse NowManhattanTess1980 - The Deer HunterThe Tree of Wooden ClogsBig WednesdayThe ChampThe Travelling Players1979 - Conversation PieceClose Encounters of the Third KindThe Goodbye GirlStar Wars Episode IV : A New HopeThe Turning Point1978 - RockyThe Fire WithinNetworkSlap ShotVoyage of the Damned ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e746cb155f0ab8deee272c255f5e2b68",
"text": "Global Digital News Global Digital News ( GDN ) is a fake news venture group . GDN `` released '' a `` news story '' supposedly by a local news station involving a string of homicides that took place on several islands throughout the South Pacific . In the videos , GDN speculated that the killings were related , and the story was picked up by several media news outlets . The series of reports was referred to as `` perfect getaways gone wrong , '' referencing the fact that murder victims were vacationing couples . Four reports total have been completed on the series . As of August 4 , 2009 , the network 's YouTube channel was linked to from an ad on YouTube 's homepage for `` A Perfect Getaway '' , an upcoming movie , causing many people to suspect that the entire network is only a marketing scheme for the movie . Although these suspicions are confirmed by performing a whois search on the `` official site '' , they are the truth . The registered owner of globaldigitalnews.org is Universal City Studios , better known as Universal Studios , a wholly owned subsidiary of NBC Universal , a distributor and production company on the upcoming film under the subsidiary Rogue Pictures .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5be5a3173ffa3e6c029250da5e0148ce",
"text": "Star Ocean: Till the End of Time is the third main game in the Star Ocean series . The game was developed by tri-Ace and published by Square Enix for the PlayStation 2 console . It was released in Japan , North America , and the PAL territories . The original Japanese release date was in February 2003 by Enix , its penultimate release before its merger to become Square Enix . It was re-released in 2004 as a two-disc Director 's Cut version with bonus features such as new characters and dungeons . The North American and European versions are based on the Director 's Cut version . Till the End of Time takes place four hundred years after the events of Star Ocean : The Second Story . Star Ocean : Till the End of Time was released as a PS2 Classic for the PlayStation 4 on March 31 , 2017 in Japan and May 23 , 2017 in North America and Europe .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ebcab7c302a2d62b6679465541d15dd5",
"text": "Total Drama All-Stars and Pahkitew Island Total Drama All-Stars and Total Drama : Pahkitew Island are two 13-episode segments that both make up the fifth season of the Canadian animated television series , Total Drama . The season was commissioned by Cartoon Network in October 2012 , ordering 26 episodes . It is a sequel to Total Drama Island , Total Drama Action , Total Drama World Tour , and Total Drama : Revenge of the Island . The season was produced by Fresh TV and the Aboriginal Peoples Television Network and distributed by Cake Entertainment . Owing to the series ' premise , the season presents itself as a parody of reality television series , such as Survivor . The entire season first premiered in the United States starting on September 10 , 2013 on Cartoon Network for the first part , with the second part premiering in the United States on July 7 , 2014 for a two-week time period . In Canada , the first part premiered on Teletoon during their `` Ca n't Miss Thursdays '' time slot starting January 9 , 2014 . The second part of the season also premiered during their `` Ca n't Miss Thursdays '' time slot on Teletoon starting on September 4 , 2014 . The second half of the season also premiered on the APTN network in 2015 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "462520a8573be0a261c6e1d9b72c8c14",
"text": "Cartoon Network Arabic Cartoon Network Arabic is a free-to-air children 's channel that is broadcast for a pan-Arab audience in the Arab World , and it is one of two Arabic-language versions of Cartoon Network , the other being an English/Arabic HD pay TV channel on beIN called Cartoon Network MENA . The channel was launched on October 10 , 2010 at 10:10 AM GST , with the channel 's launch coinciding with the opening of Turner Broadcasting System 's offices in Dubai United Arab Emirates , the channel 's local owner . The standard channel broadcasts via Arabsat Badr 6 and Nilesat . Cartoon Network Arabic is considered a free alternative to Cartoon Network MENA and Boomerang MENA , two pay TV channels offered in the Arab League in HD ( defunct ) and in both English and Arabic exclusively on beIN Network since July 1 , 2016 , despite the varying differences in programming , schedules , and available languages . It is also notable that the channel is heavily censoring shows such as Steven Universe which is canceled in October 2016 . Cartoon Network Arabic will be in Dimensional style in Ramadan as possible . Actually they air Dimensional Promos .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "456c0343a912004421778c733233765c",
"text": "Let's Go Jungle!: Lost on the Island of Spice Let 's Go Jungle ! : Lost on the Island of Spice is a joystick-mounted gun arcade game by Sega . The game was released on June 27 , 2006 . Players take the roles of a man and a woman stranded on a jungle island which has been overrun by monsters . Each player must shoot the monsters with his or her machine guns while looking for rescue . There is a version of the game called Let 's Go Jungle ! Special , in which players sit on a revolving seat with a large projection screen in front and another in back . This version also serves as a spiritual sequel to The House of the Dead 4 Special . A sequel in 2010 was announced to be in development called Let 's Go Island : Lost On the Island of Tropics . It was released in mid-2011 . A spiritual sequel , Transformers : Human Alliance was released in 2014 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "de05db7f72e144bb81749a9181344fa2",
"text": "SeaWorld SeaWorld is a United States chain of marine mammal parks , oceanariums , animal theme parks , and rehabilitation centers owned by SeaWorld Entertainment ( one park will be owned and operated by Miral under a license ) . The parks feature killer whale , sea lion , and dolphin shows and zoological displays featuring various other marine animals . There are operations located within the United States in Orlando , Florida ; San Diego , California ; San Antonio , Texas ; later outside the United States such as Abu Dhabi , United Arab Emirates ; and previously Aurora , Ohio . On March 5 , 2007 , SeaWorld Orlando announced addition of the Aquatica water park to its adventure park family , which already includes SeaWorld and Discovery Cove . SeaWorld parks also feature thrill rides , including roller coasters like Kraken and Manta at SeaWorld Orlando and Steel Eel and The Great White at SeaWorld San Antonio . Journey to Atlantis , a combination roller coaster and splashdown ride , can be found at all three parks . The parks were owned by Busch Entertainment Corp. , the family entertainment division of Anheuser-Busch , which is best known for brewing beer . In 2009 , Busch Entertainment was sold to the Blackstone Group and subsequently renamed SeaWorld Entertainment . In 2013 , Blackstone sold 37 % of SeaWorld Entertainment in an initial public offering , and sold its remaining 21 % holding to Zhonghong Zhuoye in 2017 . The parks ' marine mammal collections have been the subject of public debate over the years . The 2013 documentary film Blackfish , produced after a SeaWorld Orlando trainer was killed by one of the park 's killer whales , increased the scrutiny and has led to decreases in attendance , profits , and the company 's share price . It is a major theme park competitor to Six Flags , Cedar Fair , Walt Disney Parks & Resorts , and Universal Parks & Resorts . In 2016 , SeaWorld announced that they would end their in-park Orca breeding program , and eventually phase out their theatrical killer whale shows altogether starting in San Diego . It was announced later in the same year that SeaWorld would build their first park without killer whales and outside of the United States in Abu Dhabi , UAE .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
7bf1928478b798aab2e4a71dd99879f1
|
Papua New Guinea take up the eastern half of New Guinea in the Pacific Ocean.
|
[
{
"docid": "e20fe74dca44ea70113f35c27f7e4ed4",
"text": "Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea ( PNG ; -LSB- ˈpæpuə_njuː_ˈgɪniː , _ ˈpɑː - , _ - pju - -RSB- , -LSB- ˈpæpjuə , _ pɑːˈpuːə -RSB- Papua Niugini Hiri Motu : Papua Niu Gini ) , officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea , is an Oceanian country that occupies the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and its offshore islands in Melanesia , a region of the southwestern Pacific Ocean north of Australia . Its capital , located along its southeastern coast , is Port Moresby . The western half of New Guinea forms the Indonesian provinces of Papua and West Papua . At the national level , after being ruled by three external powers since 1884 , Papua New Guinea established its sovereignty in 1975 . This followed nearly 60 years of Australian administration , which started during World War I . It became an independent Commonwealth realm in 1975 with Queen Elizabeth II as its head of state and became a member of the Commonwealth of Nations in its own right . Papua New Guinea is one of the most culturally diverse countries in the world . There are 852 known languages in the country , of which 12 now have no known living speakers . Most of the population of more than 7 million people live in customary communities , which are as diverse as the languages . It is also one of the most rural , as only 18 percent of its people live in urban centres . The country is one of the world 's least explored , culturally and geographically . It is known to have numerous groups of uncontacted peoples , and researchers believe there are many undiscovered species of plants and animals in the interior . Papua New Guinea is classified as a developing economy by the International Monetary Fund . Strong growth in Papua New Guinea 's mining and resource sector led to the country becoming the sixth fastest-growing economy in the world in 2011 . Growth was expected to slow once major resource projects came on line in 2015 . Mining remains a major economic factor , however . Local and national governments are discussing the potential of resuming mining operations in Panguna mine in Bougainville Province , which has been closed since the civil war in the 1980s -- 1990s . Nearly 40 percent of the population lives a self-sustainable natural lifestyle with no access to global capital . Most of the people still live in strong traditional social groups based on farming . Their social lives combine traditional religion with modern practices , including primary education . These societies and clans are explicitly acknowledged by the Papua New Guinea Constitution , which expresses the wish for `` traditional villages and communities to remain as viable units of Papua New Guinean society '' and protects their continuing importance to local and national community life .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "9c83f2bea2bd76c2fba3affcef9af2d3",
"text": "Timor Timor is an island at the southern end of Maritime Southeast Asia , north of the Timor Sea . The island is divided between the sovereign states of East Timor on the eastern part and Indonesia , on the western part . The Indonesian part , also known as West Timor , constitutes part of the province of East Nusa Tenggara . Within West Timor lies an exclave of East Timor called Oecusse District . The island covers an area of 30,777 km2 . The name is a variant of timur , Malay for `` east '' ; it is so called because it lies at the eastern end of the Lesser Sunda Islands .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a6a17122a35e0142b6563b19f863503d",
"text": "New Georgia Sound New Georgia Sound is the sound in the New Georgia Islands region that runs approximately east/west through the middle of the Solomon Islands in the Southern Pacific Ocean and Melanesia.Map of the Solomon Islands archipelago ( a better map ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4946041922a531766c30225ab81c3533",
"text": "Easter Plate The Easter Plate is a small ( 550 km x 410 km ) tectonic plate or microplate in the southeastern Pacific . The plate is bounded on the west by the Pacific Plate , and the east by the Nazca Plate . The entire plate is covered by the Pacific Ocean . Easter Plate is named after Easter Island which is to the east of it on the adjacent Nazca Plate .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f02585f01ef0a55e609664fc02e637d8",
"text": "Kadovar Kadovar Island is a volcanic island north-east of Papua New Guinea .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "af6455c3e7fc0d2c2d7456ee959c2603",
"text": "New Ireland Province New Ireland Province , formerly New Mecklenburg ( Neu-Mecklenburg ) , is the most northeastern province of Papua New Guinea .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6893ec322581a831a98d577c61d34a5e",
"text": "Gona Gona is a coastal village in Oro Province , Papua New Guinea .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3c5d7f5fe1e4bd3d822ae93ff8844121",
"text": "Australian New Guinea Administrative Unit The Australian New Guinea Administrative Unit ( ANGAU ) was a civil administration of Territory of Papua and the Mandated Territory of New Guinea formed on 21 March 1942 during World War II . The civil administration of both Papua and the Mandated Territory of New Guinea were replaced by an Australian Army military government and came under the control of ANGAU from February 1942 until the end of World War II . Civil officers from both Papua and the Mandated Territory of New Guinea were posted to ANGAU based in Port Moresby . ANGAU undertook civil tasks of maintaining law and medical services in areas not occupied by the Imperial Japanese and was responsible to New Guinea Force . The major responsibility of the unit was to organize the resources of land and labour for the war effort . ANGAU was also responsible for recruiting , organising and supervising local labour for the Australian and American armed forces in New Guinea included rehabilitation of the local inhabitants in reoccupied areas . It was also responsible for the administration of the Pacific Islands Regiment . The ANGAU officers and their New Guinean carriers , labourers , scouts , guides and police were highly regarded by the American and Australian military . After the end of World War II , ANGAU was abolished and was replaced under the Papua New Guinea Provisional Administration Act ( 1945 -- 46 ) by the combined government of Papua and Australian New Guinea .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a4f9f7a36c379d2f39e1da6e71bf17a8",
"text": "German New Guinea German New Guinea ( Deutsch-Neuguinea ) was the first part of the German colonial empire . It was a protectorate from 1884 until 1914 when it fell to Australian forces following the outbreak of the First World War . It consisted of the northeastern part of New Guinea and several nearby island groups . The mainland part of German New Guinea and the nearby islands of the Bismarck Archipelago and the North Solomon Islands are now part of Papua New Guinea . The Micronesian islands of German New Guinea are now governed as the Federated States of Micronesia , the Marshall Islands , Nauru , the Northern Mariana Islands and Palau . The mainland portion , Kaiser-Wilhelmsland , was formed from the northeastern part of New Guinea . The islands to the east of Kaiser-Wilhelmsland , on annexation , were renamed the Bismarck Archipelago ( formerly the New Britannia Archipelago ) and the two largest islands renamed Neu-Pommern ( `` New Pomerania '' , today 's New Britain ) and Neu-Mecklenburg ( `` New Mecklenburg , now New Ireland ) . Due to their accessibility by water , however , these outlying islands were , and have remained , the most economically viable part of the territory . With the exception of German Samoa , the German islands in the Western Pacific formed the `` Imperial German Pacific Protectorates '' . These were administered as part of German New Guinea and they included the German Solomon Islands ( Buka , Bougainville , and several smaller islands ) , the Carolines , Palau , the Marianas ( except for Guam ) , the Marshall Islands , and Nauru . The total land area of German New Guinea was 249500 km ² .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0df9ffc7cb463b7c658d8db5edd7f88e",
"text": "Santa Cruz Islands The Santa Cruz Islands are a group of islands in the Pacific Ocean , part of Temotu Province of the Solomon Islands . They lie approximately 250 miles ( 400 km ) to the southeast of the Solomon Islands Chain . The Santa Cruz Islands lie just north of the archipelago of Vanuatu , and are considered part of the Vanuatu rain forests ecoregion .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cedc35778072d06f9cd1fe3706008c49",
"text": "Pacific Islander Pacific Islander is a term used to refer to the peoples of the Pacific Islands .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1aa9b7e0edc4164ecb47c406871b1d84",
"text": "Communications in Papua New Guinea This article is about Communications in Papua New Guinea including newspapers , radio , television , and the Internet .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "59c2796dcd941efc8fa0ba20f1cc17c7",
"text": "Islam in Oceania Islam in Oceania refers to Islam and Muslims in Oceania . By current estimates , there are 620,156 Muslims in Oceania , 476,600 in Australia , 48,151 in New Zealand , 86,162 in Fiji , 6,352 in New Caledonia , 2,200 in Papua New Guinea , 360 in Solomon Islands , 221 in Vanuatu , 110 in Tonga and tiny numbers in Kiribati and Samoa . According to a 2007 article in Pacific Magazine , entitled ` Green Moon Rising ' , Islam has seen a substantial increase in adherents amongst the peoples of Vanuatu , Fiji , Solomon Islands , Papua New Guinea and New Caledonia . There have been thousands of indigenous converts to Islam in Melanesia . There are also approximately 400 Muslims in Palau , whose government recently allowed a few Uyghurs detained in Guantanamo Bay to settle in the island nation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2948b6a022eedc318e8f719f72d6d0ef",
"text": "Cuba–Oceania relations Cuban-Pacific relations are diplomatic , economic , cultural and other relations between the Republic of Cuba and countries situated in Oceania . In the 2000s , Cuba has been strengthening its relations with Pacific nations , which have , for the most part , responded favourably to Cuban medical aid in particular . The first Cuba-Pacific Islands ministerial meeting was held in September 2008 in Havana , with government members from ten Pacific countries -- Kiribati , Tuvalu , Nauru , Solomon Islands , Fiji , Tonga , Vanuatu , Samoa , the Federated States of Micronesia and Papua New Guinea -- attending . The meeting was a consolidation rather than a starting point of Cuban-Pacific relations .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cdd30fc88a79edd56fd9e2e2e9c55ff5",
"text": "Bass Islands (French Polynesia) The Bass Islands ( Îles ( de ) Bass or Îlots ( de ) Bass ) consist primarily of Rapa Iti and Marotiri . They are usually considered to be the southernmost of the Austral Islands , although this classification is one of geographic and political expediency more so than because of similarities between them and the rest of the Austral Islands . The Bass Islands , lying several degrees outside the tropics , are the southernmost islands in French Polynesia . Geologically , the Bass Islands are distinguished from the Austral Islands in that their vulcanism appears to be much more recent . Culturally , the Bass Islands appear to have been colonized about the same time as Tahiti and the Marquesas , and the culture and language ( Rapan ) appear to have diverged about the same time as well , indicating that they developed in relative isolation almost from the time of first settlement . Rapa , sometimes called Rapa Iti ( Little Rapa , to distinguish it from `` Rapa Nui '' ( Big Rapa ) , a name for Easter Island ) , is the largest and only inhabited island of the Bass Islands . An older name for the island is Oparo . Its area is 40 km2 with a population of almost 500 and a max elevation of 650 m. Its main town is Ahuréi . Marotiri is a group of four uninhabited volcanic rocks protruding from the sea ( and several submerged rocks ) , forming the southeastern end of the Austral Islands of French Polynesia . Marotiri is also known as Bass Rocks ( Îlots de Bass in French ) , maybe according to the name of the European explorer George Bass . Marotiri is very isolated , located at , about 725 mi west-south-westward of Pitcairn Island . The closest island is Rapa Iti , 75 km further northwest , but separated from it by an ocean depth of more than 1,500 meters . The rocks are part of the municipality of Rapa and uninhabitable by people . They form an important bird sanctuary .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7f17350fbea15f2e188403e7b187f604",
"text": "Emperor Range Emperor Range is a mountain range in northern part of the island of Bougainville , Papua New Guinea , at about . Several volcanoes are located in the range , including highest point of the island - Mount Balbi . Category : Mountain ranges of Papua New Guinea Category : Volcanoes of Bougainville Island",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7b160bc90ca4d1b4a9cd8342849d8c8b",
"text": "South East Island South East Island ( Rangatira in Maori ) is the third largest island in the Chatham Islands archipelago , and covers an area of 218 ha . It lies 800 km east of New Zealand 's South Island off the south-east coast of Pitt Island , 55 km south-east of the main settlement , Waitangi , on Chatham Island .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b05f7c5f7a7c29b67b7c538aa1e9de99",
"text": "Papuma language Papuma is an Eastern Malayo-Polynesian language spoken in Papua Province of Western New Guinea , northeastern Indonesia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "82e99e5c74eefc0694d32ede256db7bf",
"text": "Oceanic languages The approximately 450 Oceanic languages are a well-established family of Austronesian languages . The area occupied by speakers of these languages includes Polynesia , as well as much of Melanesia and Micronesia . Though covering a vast area , Oceanic languages are spoken by only two million people . The largest individual Oceanic languages are Eastern Fijian with over 600,000 speakers , and Samoan with an estimated 400,000 speakers . The Kiribati ( Gilbertese ) , Tongan , Tahitian , Māori , Western Fijian and Kuanua ( Tolai ) languages each have over 100,000 speakers . The common ancestor which is reconstructed for this group of languages is called Proto-Oceanic ( abbr . POc ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e5e2e7bcbde40774ec4f51ea60d666e0",
"text": "Archipelagic state An archipelagic state is any internationally recognized state or country that comprises a series of islands that form an archipelago . The term is defined by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea in order to define what borders such states should be allowed to claim . In various conferences , Fiji , Indonesia , Papua New Guinea , the Bahamas , and the Philippines are the five sovereign states that obtained approval in the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea signed in Montego Bay , Jamaica on December 10 , 1982 and qualified as archipelagic states . Archipelagic states are states that are composed of groups of islands forming a state as a single unit , with the islands and the waters within the baselines as internal waters . Under this concept ( `` archipelagic doctrine '' ) , an archipelago shall be regarded as a single unit , so that the waters around , between , and connecting the islands of the archipelago , irrespective of their breadth and dimensions , form part of the internal waters of the state , and are subject to its exclusive sovereignty . The approval of the United Nations for the five sovereign states as archipelagic states respect existing agreements with other countries and shall recognize traditional fishing rights and other legitimate activities of the immediately adjacent neighboring countries in certain areas falling within archipelagic waters . The terms and conditions for the exercise of such rights and activities , including the nature , the extent and the areas to which they apply , shall , at the request of any of the countries concerned , be regulated by bilateral agreements between them . Such rights shall not be transferred to or shared with third countries or their nationals .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f7b0bd20dcc9b66dd214e65d7cf1c12b",
"text": "Geology of the Raukumara Region The Raukumara Region of New Zealand corresponds to the East Cape of the North Island , and associated mountain ranges . To the east of the North Island is the Hikurangi Trough , a collision zone between the Pacific Plate and the Australian Plate . The Pacific Plate is being subducted under the Australian Plate , compressing the east of the North Island , and causing the North Island Fault System , and a series of SSW-NNE trending basins and ranges , including the Raukumara Range . Successively newer rocks have been accreted to the east coast . The Raukumara Region used to be adjacent to Northland , before being shifted to its current position , and many rocks of the two regions match . To the north of the Raukumara Range lies the Bay of Plenty , formed of Torlesse ( Waioeka ) Greywacke . The central ranges are covered by in-place and allochthonous ( displaced ) Cretaceous to Oligocene rocks . To the south are more recent , mainly Miocene and Pliocene , rocks .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
3a71693b42574f21c64770a067340e04
|
Diane Ruggiero lived in a state in the Northeastern and mid-Atlantic regions of the United States.
|
[
{
"docid": "785d1b0dc1adbebd35ed17dbec597290",
"text": "New Jersey New Jersey is a state in the Northeastern and mid-Atlantic regions of the United States . It is bordered on the north and east by New York , on the southeast and south by the Atlantic Ocean , on the west by Pennsylvania , and on the southwest by Delaware . New Jersey is the fourth-smallest state but the 11th-most populous and the most densely populated of the 50 United States . New Jersey lies entirely within the combined statistical areas of New York City and Philadelphia and is the second-wealthiest U.S. state by per capita income as of 2014 . New Jersey was inhabited by Native Americans for more than 2,800 years , with historical tribes such as the Lenape along the coast . In the early 17th century , the Dutch and the Swedes made the first European settlements . The English later seized control of the region , naming it the Province of New Jersey after the largest of the Channel Islands , Jersey , and granting it as a colony to Sir George Carteret and John Berkeley , 1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton . New Jersey was the site of several decisive battles during the American Revolutionary War in the 18th century . In the 19th century , factories in cities such as Camden , Paterson , Newark , Trenton , and Elizabeth helped to drive the Industrial Revolution . New Jersey 's geographic location at the center of the Northeast megalopolis , between Boston and New York City to the northeast , and Philadelphia , Baltimore , and Washington , D.C. , to the southwest , fueled its rapid growth through the process of suburbanization in the second half of the 20th century . In the first decades of the 21st century , this suburbanization began reverting to consolidation of New Jersey 's culturally diverse populace toward more urban settings within the state , with towns home to commuter rail stations outpacing the population growth of more automobile-oriented suburbs since 2008 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "59ca208bde0c6d58fa4ec957ce4ca21e",
"text": "Diane Ruggiero Diane Ruggiero-Wright -LSB- ˈruːʒɪəroʊ -RSB- is an American television writer and producer . Her credits include That 's Life , Veronica Mars , Free Agents , Dirty Sexy Money , Big Shots , the Mythological X remake The Ex List and iZombie , which she co-created with Rob Thomas . With Thomas , she also co-wrote the script for the Veronica Mars film . Ruggiero is a native of Old Bridge Township , New Jersey . While she was living in North Arlington , New Jersey , Ruggiero 's writing talent was discovered by Mark St. Germain while she worked as a waitress at the Park and Orchard restaurant in East Rutherford , New Jersey . She is close friends with Jed Seidel and Rob Thomas .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "ca8c186c1b2b8b608f759cfbf8172dc6",
"text": "Connecticut statistical areas The statistical areas of the United States of America comprise the metropolitan statistical areas ( MSAs ) , the micropolitan statistical areas ( μSAs ) , and the combined statistical areas ( CSAs ) currently defined by the United States Office of Management and Budget ( OMB ) . Most recently on December 1 , 2009 , the Office of Management and Budget defined 1067 statistical areas for the United States , including two combined statistical areas , four metropolitan statistical areas , and two micropolitan statistical areas in the State of Connecticut . The table below shows the recent population of these statistical areas and the eight counties of Connecticut . __ TOC __",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "db764c08afa06d622dfae0d625c241a1",
"text": "Syracuse metropolitan area The Syracuse Metropolitan Statistical Area , as defined by the United States Census Bureau , is an area consisting of three counties in central New York , anchored by the city of Syracuse . As of the 2010 census , the MSA had a population of 662,577 . In the 2000 census , the MSA had a population of 650,154 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5ad465a94b15f3b24572c674db0e409f",
"text": "Laurentide Ice Sheet The Laurentide Ice Sheet was a massive sheet of ice that covered millions of square kilometers , including most of Canada and a large portion of the northern United States , multiple times during the Quaternary glacial epochs -- from 2.588 ± 0.005 million years ago to the present . < ref name = `` ICS2013 '' > </ref> The last advance covered most of northern North America between c. 95,000 and c. 20,000 years before the present day , and among other geomorphological effects , gouged out the five Great Lakes and the hosts of smaller lakes of the Canadian shield . These lakes extend from the eastern Northwest Territories , through most of northern Canada , and the upper Midwestern United States ( Minnesota , Wisconsin , and Michigan ) to the Finger Lakes , through Lake Champlain and Lake George areas of New York , across the northern Appalachians into and through all of New England and Nova Scotia . At times , the ice sheet 's southern margin included the present-day sites of northeastern coastal towns and cities such as Portsmouth , New Hampshire , Boston , New York City , and Great Lakes coastal cities and towns as far south as Chicago and St. Louis , Missouri -- and then followed quite precisely the present course of the Missouri River up to the northern slopes of the Cypress Hills , beyond which it merged with the Cordilleran Ice Sheet . The ice coverage extended approximately as far south as 38 degrees latitude in the mid-continent .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "98224a74363105a86c412f95db75ae9f",
"text": "Connecticut wine Connecticut wine refers to wine made from grapes and other fruit grown in the U.S. state of Connecticut . The modern wine industry in Connecticut began with the passage of the Connecticut Winery Act in 1978 . The wineries in Connecticut are located throughout the state , including in the two designated American Viticultural Areas in the state . The climate in the coastal region near Long Island Sound and the Connecticut River valley tends to be warmer than the highlands in the eastern and western sides of the state .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "da92696dc1bb60b646c89c429b90d073",
"text": "Diane Black Diane Lynn Black ( née Warren ; born January 16 , 1951 ) is an American politician who has been the U.S. Representative for since 2011 . The district includes several suburban and rural areas east of Nashville . She is a member of the Republican Party . Previously she was a member of the Tennessee Senate for the 18th district , which encompasses Robertson County and part of Sumner County . She was floor leader of the State Senate Republican Caucus .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b3de8b1defa32f3a84b7730f6730f601",
"text": "Wallkill Valley The Wallkill Valley is a broad valley extending through southeastern New York and northwestern New Jersey . It is composed of rolling hills , plains , and swamps ( including the Black Dirt Region ) surrounding the Wallkill River . The valley is a subdivision of the larger Hudson Valley , bound to the west by the Shawangunk Ridge/Kittatinny Mountains and to the east by the Marlboro Mountains and New York -- New Jersey Highlands . The northern Wallkill Valley is sometimes associated with the greater Catskills region , although it is geographically separated from the Catskill Mountains by the Shawangunk Ridge and Rondout Valley . In a broader sense , the Wallkill Valley is part of the Ridge-and-Valley physiographic province of the Appalachian Mountains , while the Catskills further to the north and west are part of the Appalachian Plateau .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3312ad63bf726c5a5a9db3d13bce23a0",
"text": "Geology of New England New England is a region in the North Eastern United States consisting of the states Rhode Island , Connecticut , Massachusetts , New Hampshire , Vermont , and Maine . Most of New England consists geologically of volcanic island arcs that accreted onto the eastern edge of the Laurentian Craton in prehistoric times . Much of the bedrock found in New England is heavily metamorphosed due to the numerous mountain building events that occurred in the region . The most recent rock layers are glacial conglomerates .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cdec8f837ddf3f2f25a91aaf87830371",
"text": "Seaway Trail Discovery Center The Seaway Trail Discovery Center is a museum located in Sackets Harbor , New York that offers a wide range of exhibits about the culture and heritage of the Great Lakes Seaway Trail and surrounding regions . The Seaway Trail is a 504 mi National Scenic Byway in the United States , mostly in New York but with a small segment in Pennsylvania . The museum is located in the historic Union Hotel and was opened in July 2000 by the New York State Office of Parks , Recreation and Preservation to provide visitors with an overview of the Seaway Trail , the State 's only scenic byway . It includes exhibits on the history , architecture and natural resources of St. Lawrence , Jefferson , Oswego , Cayuga , Wayne , Monroe , Orleans , Niagara , Erie and Chautauqua counties , those that surround the Great Lakes . The Center 's exhibits also focused on the region 's 27 historic lighthouses , local battles during the War of 1812 , and famous residents including : Susan B. Anthony , Frederic Remington and George Eastman . In addition to historical exhibits , the Center also features exhibits and lectures with content that applies to the daily lives and residents of the region . Federal funding allows the center to contribute to and help develop the counties it serves . The Center is one of the few attractions in the North Country that is open year-round and believe that doing so helps extend the tourism season in the region . As of 2004 , the Center received more than 20,000 visitors each year . Its work is believed to contribute to providing visitors with a greater understanding of how its agricultural heritage shaped the region and allow residents to understand how heritage tourism can help develop and grow the region .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4bd14192c35f3f192e20b3f5ef4092d7",
"text": "Taconic Crest Trail The Taconic Crest Trail is a 35 mi hiking trail in the Taconic Mountains . The trail extends from U.S. Route 20 in Hancock , Massachusetts , less than 1 mi east of the New York border , north along the ridgecrest of the Taconic Range , first within Massachusetts , then weaving along the border of New York and Massachusetts and New York and Vermont , and ending in Petersburgh , New York on NY Rte 346 , near the Vermont border . Much of the route has been conserved as state forest , conservation easement , or forest preserve . Forest types the Taconic Crest Trail are mixed oak-hickory forest and northern hardwood forest with microclimate summit balds , alkaline-loving plant communities , and red spruce / balsam fir stands on the higher summits . The geology is thrust faulted metamorphic rock over younger sedimentary rock . The Taconic Crest Trail passes through the New York towns of Stephentown , Berlin and Petersburgh ; the Massachusetts towns of Hancock and Williamstown ; and Pownal , Vermont . It is bisected by New York Route 2 , Massachusetts Route 43 , the seasonal Pittsfield State Forest Berry Pond Campground access road , and by Lebanon Springs Road in Hancock . The trail is supported by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation ( NYSDEC ) , Taconic Hiking Club , the Trust for Public Land , the National Park Service , Williams College , Rensselaer Land Trust , the Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation , and the Williamstown Rural Lands Foundation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fe56a3314879f5cc84d020a6590beb7d",
"text": "Flag of New England There is no official Flag of New England . Consequently , `` the Flag of New England '' can refer to any number of historical and modern banners used to represent Massachusetts , the New England Colonies , or the six states in the New England region of the northeastern United States . There are some variations , but common designs include a plain colored field ( usually red ) with a pine tree in the canton . Pinus strobus , the eastern white pine , is the most common symbol of New England and most often represents that tree 's former importance in shipbuilding and New England maritime culture .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "73a9b42e2f7a3286e1dac5f7a4adabff",
"text": "Hurricane Gabrielle (1989) Hurricane Gabrielle was a deadly tropical cyclone that caused nine fatalities in the United States and Canada , despite remaining hundreds of miles offshore . The tenth tropical cyclone , seventh named storm , and third hurricane of the 1989 Atlantic hurricane season , Gabrielle developed on August 30 from a tropical wave near the west coast of Africa . Under favorable conditions , the depression intensified and became Tropical Storm Gabrielle early on the following day . Rapid strengthening occurred thereafter , with Gabrielle reaching hurricane intensity early on September 1 . After becoming a hurricane , further intensification was steady , though by September 5 , Gabrielle peaked as a moderate Category 4 hurricane . On the following day , Gabrielle began to slowly level-off in intensity , while gradually curving northward . After weakening to a Category 2 hurricane , the storm passed east of Bermuda on September 8 . Gabrielle eventually decelerated , and by early on September 10 , it curved westward and weakened to a tropical storm . Gabrielle re-curved northeastward on September 11 and began paralleling Nova Scotia . It further weakened to a tropical depression on September 12 and was then absorbed by a developing storm near Newfoundland on September 13 . Due to its large size , Gabrielle produced swells and high tides in the Lesser Antilles , Bermuda , the East Coast of the United States , and Atlantic Canada . Rough seas along the East Coast of the United States caused one fatality in Maine , two in Massachusetts , one in New Jersey , and four in New York . In Nova Scotia , large waves swept one man to sea and eventually caused his drowning .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "219fc0d6cd812f6b631751ddc6e54acf",
"text": "New Jersey Division of Parks and Forestry In the state of New Jersey , the New Jersey Division of Parks and Forestry is an administrative division of the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection . In its most visible role , the Division is directly responsible for the management and operation of New Jersey 's public park system which includes 42 state parks , 11 state forests , 3 recreation areas , and more than 50 historic sites and districts . However , its duties also include protecting state and private lands from wildfire , managing forests , educating the public about environmental stewardship and natural resources , as well as growing trees to maintain and restore forests in rural and urban areas , and to preserve the diversity of the trees within the forests . The cultural and natural heritage of New Jersey is reflected in the diversity of its public parks , forests , and historic sites . The division is the steward of the historic homes , landscapes and battlefields where George Washington and the Continental Army spent almost half of the American Revolutionary War .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6fca0ed0b3e465bfa8acff39aad4d38b",
"text": "Hurricane Carol Hurricane Carol was among the worst tropical cyclones on record to affect the states of Connecticut and Rhode Island in the United States . It developed from a tropical wave near the Bahamas on August 25 , 1954 , and slowly strengthened as it moved northwestward . On August 27 , Carol intensified to reach winds of 105 mph ( 165 km/h ) , but weakened as its motion turned to a northwest drift . A strong trough of low pressure turned the hurricane northeastward , and Carol later intensified into a major hurricane . While paralleling the Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern United States , the storm produced strong winds and rough seas that caused minor coastal flooding and slight damage to houses in North Carolina , Virginia , Washington , D.C. , Delaware , and New Jersey . The well-organized hurricane accelerated north-northeastward and made landfall on eastern Long Island , New York , and then over eastern Connecticut on August 31 with sustained winds estimated at 110-mph and a barometric pressure near 956 mb . Carol transitioned into an extratropical cyclone over New Hampshire later on August 31 , 1954 . In New York , strong winds on Long Island damaged about 1,000 houses , left 275,000 people without electricity , downed many trees , and resulted in heavy crop losses . Storm surge flooded LaGuardia Airport and inundated the Montauk Highway , which left the eastern portion of Long Island isolated . Carol also brought strong winds and rough seas to coastal Connecticut , Rhode Island , and southeastern Massachusetts . Throughout the region , about 150,000 people were left without electricity and telephone service . 1,545 houses were destroyed and another 9,720 were damaged . Approximately 3,500 cars and 3,000 boats were destroyed . There were 65 deaths and 1,000 injuries in New England . The storm caused an additional $ 1 million in damage in Canada as well as two deaths . Overall , Carol caused 72 fatalities and damage totaled $ 462 million ( 1954 USD ) , making it the costliest hurricane in the history of the United States , at the time . Following the storm , Carol was retired , becoming the first name to be removed from the naming lists in the Atlantic basin .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "52a0e251945d035d49a6882ca701b4e3",
"text": "Rubus segnis Rubus segnis is an uncommon North American species of flowering plant in the rose family . It grows in eastern Canada ( all 3 Maritime Provinces ) and the northeastern United States ( Maine , New Hampshire , Vermont , Massachusetts ) . Nowhere is it very common . The genetics of Rubus is extremely complex , so that it is difficult to decide on which groups should be recognized as species . There are many rare species with limited ranges such as this . Further study is suggested to clarify the taxonomy . Some studies have suggested that R. segnis may have originated as a hybrid between R. flagellaris and R. hispidus .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ca93a72356e2c17a446ec9f76d803dea",
"text": "Music of New Hampshire New Hampshire is a state of the United States , located in the New England region . It is home to several professional performing institutions , including the more than 90-year-old fully professional Symphony New Hampshire ( known from 1923-2012 as the Nashua Symphony ) based out of Nashua , and the community-based New Hampshire Philharmonic . The state of New Hampshire is unusual for having nine state songs .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5e170197f97e976b43bfe69ff13c8337",
"text": "Merrimack Valley The Merrimack Valley is a bi-state region along the Merrimack River in the U.S. states of New Hampshire and Massachusetts , United States . The Merrimack is one of the larger waterways in the New England region and has helped define the livelihood and culture of those living along it since native times . Major cities in the Merrimack Valley include Concord , Manchester and Nashua in New Hampshire , as well as Lowell , Lawrence and Haverhill in Massachusetts . The Merrimack Valley was a major center of the textile industry in America during the 19th century .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "95c0a077e4439caa48890a75d0511a99",
"text": "Historical United States Census totals for Piscataquis County, Maine This article shows U.S. Census totals for Piscataquis County , Maine , broken down by municipality , from 1900 to 2000 . There are two types of incorporated municipalities in Maine , towns and cities . The tables in the New England Historical U.S. Census Totals series differentiate between towns and cities ; however , there have never been any cities in Piscataquis County . Most areas of New England are entirely divided into incorporated municipalities , with no unincorporated territory . In the three northern New England states , however , some unincorporated territory does exist , generally in areas that are very sparsely populated . Maine contains significantly more unincorporated territory than the other states , with the bulk of it in interior and northern counties , including Piscataquis County . Some unincorporated territory in Maine is organized into a third type of town-level municipality unique to Maine , called a plantation ( considered to be `` organized '' , but not incorporated ) , while some is entirely unorganized . Due to the large extent of unorganized territory in Piscataquis County , separate sections with detailed historical census totals for such areas follows the main tables below . For any census , adding up the totals for each town-level municipality , including any plantations or unorganized entities , should yield the county total . For more information on the New England municipal system , see New England town .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "633392e08a711a8074f1ec3add72b451",
"text": "Western Massachusetts Western Massachusetts is a region in Massachusetts , one of the six U.S. states that make up the New England region of the United States . Western Massachusetts has diverse topography ; 22 universities , with approximately 100,000 university students ; and such institutions as Tanglewood , Springfield Armory , and Jacob 's Pillow . The western part of Western Massachusetts includes the Berkshire Mountains , where there are several vacation resorts . The eastern part of the region includes the Connecticut River Valley , which has a number of university towns , the major city Springfield , and numerous agricultural hamlets . In the eastern part of the area , the Quabbin region is a place of outdoor recreation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4091f49b46e3fdf12d307741e295a856",
"text": "Atlantic Northeast The Atlantic Northeast is a region of North America , which includes the US states of Connecticut , Massachusetts , Rhode Island , New Hampshire , Vermont , and Maine , as well as the Canadian Maritimes . The Atlantic Northeast region is noted for its cultural unity , stark climate , landscape of dense forests , and a shared economic history in the exploitation of logging and the regional fishery . Further uniting this area is the `` Gray Zone '' which is an area of land and sea which is claimed by both Canada and the United States . It is located off the coasts of New Brunswick and Maine . The only land within this area are two islands , Machias Seal Island and North Rock . The `` Gray Zone '' is one of four areas between the two countries whose sovereignty is still in dispute , but is the only one of the disputed areas containing land . In 1979 , both countries filed a joint application to the International Court of Justice to avoid having the dispute settled when oceanic boundaries in the area were set for mineral and fishing rights . Canadians have had a continuous presence in the area since 1832 when a lighthouse was built . Since the Atlantic Northeast is such a large region , it is home to many different types of wildlife , sports teams , and geographical locations . The Atlantic Northeast is home to the Boston Celtics , Boston Bruins , New England Patriots , Halifax Hurricanes , Boston Red Sox and many more . It also includes many notable species including the Bald Eagle , Atlantic Salmon , and the Swamp Pink . Lastly , the Atlantic Northeast includes many geographical places of interest including the Northeast Canyons and Seamounts Marine National Monument and Salem , Massachusetts , home of the Salem Witch Trials . Though cross-border connections are widely acknowledged , the area has rarely been given a single name . `` Atlantic Northeast '' is a term that has been used most prominently in discussions of regional folk culture , another name that is used is Atlantica . '' These names are often tied to various proposals for greater economic or political integration of the region",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0afd052768d8eec74ca0eb5f448a706d",
"text": "South Alabama South Alabama is the various parts of southern Alabama . Although it is not a strictly defined geographic region , it generally includes all Alabama counties south of the Black Belt . However , residents of the largest population center , Mobile , often make the argument that the phrase refers only to the extreme southernmost parts of Alabama . In that view , South Alabama consists of just the two counties that border the Gulf of Mexico and Mobile Bay : Baldwin County and Mobile County . That area is characterized by extensive wetlands , but also by long , sandy beaches which are very conducive to tourism . Many deluxe golf courses have been developed in the area in recent decades . Because Mobile and Baldwin Counties tend to use `` South Alabama '' with such exclusivity , other parts of southern Alabama , particularly the Florida-border counties from Escambia County over to Houston County often humorously prefer to be called Lower Alabama if a regional name must be given . Traditionally the south central and southeastern parts of the state have less in common with the Mobile area than they have in common with southwest Georgia and the Black Belt region . Alternative names include South Central Alabama , Southeast Alabama , and the Wiregrass .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
26f3459dbfcd5314f5b75681003777ff
|
Samuel L. Jackson has appeared in the Star Wars prequel trilogy.
|
[
{
"docid": "5aad5fdb658b00ff706c0ca41ae08075",
"text": "Samuel L. Jackson Samuel Leroy Jackson ( born December 21 , 1948 ) is an American actor and film producer . He achieved prominence and critical acclaim in the early 1990s with films such as Jungle Fever ( 1991 ) , Patriot Games ( 1992 ) , Amos & Andrew ( 1993 ) , True Romance ( 1993 ) , Jurassic Park ( 1993 ) and his collaborations with director Quentin Tarantino including Pulp Fiction ( 1994 ) , Jackie Brown ( 1997 ) , Django Unchained ( 2012 ) , and The Hateful Eight ( 2015 ) . He is a highly prolific actor , having appeared in over 100 films , including Die Hard with a Vengeance ( 1995 ) , Unbreakable ( 2000 ) , Shaft ( 2000 ) , The 51st State ( 2001 ) , Black Snake Moan ( 2006 ) , Snakes on a Plane ( 2006 ) , and the Star Wars prequel trilogy ( 1999 -- 2005 ) , as well as the Marvel Cinematic Universe . With Jackson 's permission , his likeness was used for the Ultimate version of the Marvel Comics character Nick Fury . He later cameoed as the character in a post-credits scene from Iron Man ( 2008 ) , and went on to sign a nine-film commitment to reprise this role in future films , including major roles in Iron Man 2 ( 2010 ) , Marvel 's The Avengers ( 2012 ) , Captain America : The Winter Soldier ( 2014 ) and Avengers : Age of Ultron ( 2015 ) and minor roles in Thor ( 2011 ) and Captain America : The First Avenger ( 2011 ) . He has also portrayed the character in the second and final episodes of the first season of the TV show Marvel 's Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. . He has provided his voice to several animated films , television series and video games , including the roles of Lucius Best / Frozone in Pixar Animation Studios ' film The Incredibles ( 2004 ) , Mace Windu in Star Wars : The Clone Wars ( 2008 ) , Afro Samurai in the anime television series Afro Samurai ( 2007 ) , and Frank Tenpenny in the video game Grand Theft Auto : San Andreas ( 2004 ) . Jackson has achieved critical and commercial acclaim , surpassing Frank Welker as the actor with the highest-grossing film total of all time in October 2011 , and he has received numerous accolades and awards . He is married to LaTanya Richardson , with whom he has a daughter , Zoe . Samuel L. Jackson is ranked as the highest all-time box office star with over $ 4.9053 billion total box office gross , an average of $ 69.1 million per film .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "74e47255cdc858f93b6c54c9bfcbe9cb",
"text": "LBJ (film) LBJ is a 2017 American political drama film directed by Rob Reiner and written by Joey Hartstone . The film stars Woody Harrelson , Richard Jenkins , Bill Pullman , Kim Allen , Michael Stahl-David , Jennifer Jason Leigh , Jeffrey Donovan , Doug McKeon , and Michael Mosley . Filming began on September 21 , 2015 in New Orleans . It was screened at the 2016 Toronto International Film Festival . On October 12 , 2016 at the 27th edition of the New Orleans Film Festival , Rob Reiner accepted the inaugural Career Achievement Award from LBJ lead actor Woody Harrelson . LBJ made a second film festival showing in less than a month . On May 2 , 2017 , it was announced that Dean Devlin 's Electric Entertainment had acquired all of the film 's North American rights and that the film would be released in 2017 . It was then announced on May 4 that the film would be released in the United States on November 17 , 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "727345278309a73012f2a75ba6c093c6",
"text": "Highlander (film) Highlander is a 1986 British-American adventure action fantasy film directed by Russell Mulcahy and based on a story by Gregory Widen . It stars Christopher Lambert , Sean Connery , Clancy Brown , and Roxanne Hart . The film narrates the climax of an ages-old battle between immortal warriors , depicted through interwoven past and present-day storylines . Christopher Lambert plays swordsman Connor MacLeod from Scottish Highlands , known as the Highlander , one of a number of immortal warriors , who can only be killed by decapitation . After initial training by another highly skilled immortal swordsman , Ramirez ( Sean Connery ) , MacLeod lives on for several centuries , eventually settling in New York City , managing an antiques shop . In 1985 , he falls in love with a policewoman named Brenda and finds out that he must face his biggest enemy , Clancy Brown 's Kurgan , who wishes to kill MacLeod and to obtain `` the Prize '' -- a special ability which is given to the last living immortal warrior , vast knowledge and the ability to enslave the entire human race . Highlander enjoyed little success on its initial theatrical release , grossing over $ 12 million worldwide against a production budget of $ 19 million , and received mixed reviews . Nevertheless , it became a cult film and launched Lambert to stardom . The film inspired a franchise which included film sequels and television spin-offs . Its tagline , `` There can be only one '' , has carried on throughout the franchise , as have the songs provided for the film by the rock band Queen .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ae880f779babc36e7dcc4490867782ce",
"text": "Naboo Naboo is a planet in the fictional Star Wars universe with a mostly green terrain and which is the homeworld of two societies : the Gungans who dwell in underwater cities and the humans who live in colonies on the surface . Humans of Naboo have an electoral monarchy and maintain a peaceful culture that defends education , the arts , environmental protection and scientific achievements . The main capital of Naboo is Theed . Located in the Chommell sector , Naboo is the home planet of Padmé Amidala and Jar Jar Binks , as well as Senator ( later Supreme Chancellor and then Emperor ) Palpatine . In Star Wars : Episode I -- The Phantom Menace , it was the site of a blockade by the Trade Federation and the Battle of Naboo between the Federation and the native inhabitants . Naboo is seen in four films in the Star Wars series , having a prominent role in the first two prequels and glimpsed briefly in Revenge of the Sith and the 2004 DVD release of Return of the Jedi . Theed 's architecture , while referencing Ancient Rome and other classical traditions , was heavily inspired by the Frank Lloyd Wright-designed Marin County Civic Center in California . ( Skywalker Ranch and Industrial Light & Magic are both based in Marin County . )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b3c95d6b6f0e5fc404bce953042aa238",
"text": "Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film . The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d27073b4433bb5f0e3d208f95495d263",
"text": "Sam Rockwell Samuel Rockwell ( born November 5 , 1968 ) is an American actor known for independent and mainstream films . He is known for his leading roles in Lawn Dogs ( 1997 ) , Confessions of a Dangerous Mind ( 2002 ) , Matchstick Men ( 2003 ) , The Hitchhiker 's Guide to the Galaxy ( 2005 ) , Choke ( 2008 ) , Moon ( 2009 ) , Seven Psychopaths ( 2012 ) , and Mr. Right ( 2015 ) , as well as for his supporting roles in The Green Mile ( 1999 ) , Galaxy Quest ( 1999 ) , The Assassination of Jesse James ( 2007 ) , Frost/Nixon ( 2008 ) , Conviction ( 2010 ) , Iron Man 2 ( 2010 ) , Cowboys & Aliens ( 2011 ) , The Way , Way Back ( 2013 ) , and Poltergeist ( 2015 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "351f7e4acadce62cbab65a26f0bb7a37",
"text": "The Theory of Everything (2014 film) The Theory of Everything is a 2014 British biographical romantic drama film directed by James Marsh and adapted by Anthony McCarten from the memoir Travelling to Infinity : My Life with Stephen by Jane Wilde Hawking , which deals with her relationship with her ex-husband , theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking , his diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ( ALS , also known as Lou Gehrig 's disease or motor neurone disease ) , and his success in physics . The film stars Eddie Redmayne and Felicity Jones with Charlie Cox , Emily Watson , Simon McBurney , Christian McKay , Harry Lloyd and David Thewlis featured in supporting roles . The film had its world premiere at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival on 7 September 2014 . The film was acclaimed critically worldwide , with praise for the musical score , cinematography and the performance of Felicity Jones and especially Eddie Redmayne , which earned him nominations for a variety of accolades in award shows and film festivals , including the Academy Award for Best Actor . The film received four Golden Globe Award nominations , winning the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Drama for Redmayne and Best Original Score for Jóhannsson . It received three Screen Actors Guild Awards nominations , winning one for the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role for Redmayne . It received 10 British Academy Film Awards nominations and won Outstanding British Film , Best Leading Actor ( for Redmayne ) and Best Adapted Screenplay ( for McCarten ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4a913a508bcb016d99cd6c7e4975a6a1",
"text": "Major film studio A major film studio is a production and film distributor that releases a substantial number of films annually and consistently commands a significant share of box office revenue in a given market . In the North American , Western , and global markets , the major film studios , often simply known as the majors , are commonly regarded as the six diversified media conglomerates whose various film production and distribution subsidiaries collectively command approximately 80 to 85 percent of U.S. and Canadian box office revenue . The term may also be applied more specifically to the primary motion picture business subsidiary of each respective conglomerate . The `` Big Six '' majors , whose operations are based in or around the Los Angeles neighborhood of Hollywood , are all centered in film studios active during Hollywood 's Golden Age of the 1930s and 1940s . In three cases -- 20th Century Fox , Warner Bros. , and Paramount -- the studios were one of the `` Big Five '' majors during that era as well . In two cases -- Columbia and Universal -- the studios were also considered majors , but in the next tier down , part of the `` Little Three '' . In the sixth case , Walt Disney Studios was an independent production company during the Golden Age ; it was an important Hollywood entity , but not a major . Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , United Artists , and RKO were majors . Today , Disney is the only member of the Big Six whose parent entity is still located near Los Angeles ( actually , on Disney 's studio lot and in the same building ) . The five others report to conglomerates headquartered in New York City , Philadelphia , and Tokyo . Of the Big Six , Paramount is the only one still based in Hollywood , and Paramount and Fox are the only ones still located within the Los Angeles city limits , while Disney and Warner Bros. are located in Burbank , Columbia in Culver City , and Universal in the unincorporated area of Universal City . Most of today 's Big Six control subsidiaries with their own distribution networks that concentrate on arthouse pictures ( e.g. Fox Searchlight Pictures ) or genre films ( e.g. Sony 's Screen Gems ) ; several of these specialty units were shut down or sold off between 2008 and 2010 . The six major studios are contrasted with smaller production and/or distribution companies , which are known as independents or `` indies '' . The leading independent producer/distributors -- Lionsgate Films , The Weinstein Company , and former major studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer -- are sometimes referred to as `` mini-majors '' . From 1998 through 2005 , DreamWorks SKG commanded a large enough market share to arguably qualify it as a seventh major , despite its relatively small output . In 2006 , DreamWorks was acquired by Viacom , Paramount 's corporate parent . In late 2008 , DreamWorks once again became an independent production company ; its films were distributed by Disney 's Touchstone Pictures until 2016 , at which point distribution switched to Universal . The Big Six major studios are today primarily backers and distributors of films whose actual production is largely handled by independent companies -- either long-running entities or ones created for and dedicated to the making of a specific film . The specialty divisions often simply acquire distribution rights to pictures in which the studio has had no prior involvement . While the majors still do a modicum of true production , their activities are focused more in the areas of development , financing , marketing , and merchandising . Those business functions are still usually performed in or near Los Angeles , even though the runaway production phenomenon means that most films are now mostly or completely shot on location at places outside Los Angeles . Since the dawn of filmmaking , the U.S. major film studios have dominated both American cinema and the global film industry . U.S. studios have benefited from a strong first-mover advantage in that they were the first to industrialize filmmaking and master the art of mass-producing and distributing high-quality films with broad cross-cultural appeal . Today , the Big Six majors routinely distribute hundreds of films every year into all significant international markets ( that is , where discretionary income is high enough for consumers to afford to watch films ) . It is very rare , if not impossible , for a film to reach a broad international audience on multiple continents and in multiple languages without first being picked up by one of the majors for distribution .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c4d63d8d887c064c3e348c952adb7dd7",
"text": "List of Star Wars species (K–O) This is a list of Star Wars species , containing the names of fictional sentient species from the Star Wars franchise beginning with the letters K through O. Star Wars is an American epic space opera film series created by George Lucas . The first film in the series , Star Wars , was released on May 25 , 1977 and became a worldwide pop culture phenomenon , followed by five sequels and three prequels . Many species of alien creatures ( often humanoid ) are depicted .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "55e250d4a2eb0085b2c29f8950af5fd9",
"text": "Royal Film Commission – Jordan The Royal Film Commission of Jordan ( RFC ) was established to develop an internationally competitive Jordanian film industry . Founded in accordance with the Royal Film Commission Law No. 27 in 2003 and approved by Law No. 22 in 2008 , RFC is a financially and administratively autonomous Jordanian government organization led by a Board of Commissioners chaired by His Royal Highness Prince Ali Bin Al-Hussein . Noted Jordanian artist Ali Maher served as the film commissioner of the organization prior to his passing . The RFC is a member of the Association of Film Commissioners International ( AFCI ) . The ( AFCI ) is the official professional and educational organization for film commissions . AFCI Members assist feature , television , commercial , industrial and photography production throughout the world . The Location Managers Guild recognized the RFC with the LMGI Award for Outstanding Film Commission in 2017 for its work on Rogue One : A Star Wars Story , which filmed at Wadi Rum . The RFC had previously been nominated for its work on The Martian .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e97c26ad093f65037394e694c4f5864a",
"text": "Sam Raimi Samuel M `` Sam '' Raimi ( -LSB- ˈreɪmi -RSB- born October 23 , 1959 ) is an American film director , producer , screenwriter and actor , famous for creating the cult horror Evil Dead series , as well as directing the original Spider-Man trilogy ( 2002 -- 07 ) and the 1990 superhero film Darkman . His most recent work is the 2013 Disney fantasy film Oz the Great and Powerful . Raimi has also produced several successful television series and founded his own production company , Renaissance Pictures , in 1979 . Recently , he worked as the producer of The Possession , and the 2013 remake of Evil Dead .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e73632a6c1344d4a4c509e1943ff784a",
"text": "Space opera Space opera is a subgenre of science fiction that emphasizes space warfare , melodramatic adventure , interplanetary battles , as well as chivalric romance , and often risk-taking . Set mainly or entirely in outer space , it usually involves conflict between opponents possessing advanced abilities , futuristic weapons , and other sophisticated technology . The term has no relation to music but is instead a play on the terms `` soap opera '' and `` horse opera '' , the latter of which was coined during the 1930s to indicate clichéd and formulaic Western movies . Space operas emerged in the 1930s and they continue to be produced in literature , film , comics , and video games . Notable space opera novels include the Foundation series ( 1942 -- 1999 ) by Isaac Asimov , the Lensman series ( 1948-1954 ) by E. E. Smith and the Ender 's Game series ( 1985 -- present ) by Orson Scott Card . An early notable space opera film was Flash Gordon ( 1936 -- present ) created by Alex Raymond . In the late 1970s , the Star Wars franchise ( 1977 -- present ) created by George Lucas brought a great deal of attention to the subgenre .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bea06389de1732f09ba4e40e1623b4a1",
"text": "Star Wars (manga) Four Star Wars films were adapted to manga by Dark Horse Comics between 1998 and 1999 : Star Wars ( 1977 ) , The Empire Strikes Back ( 1980 ) , Return of the Jedi ( 1983 ) , and Star Wars : Episode I -- The Phantom Menace ( 1999 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d914ef2eb5e19915089aca80a351b873",
"text": "Millennium Falcon The Millennium Falcon is a spaceship in the Star Wars universe commanded at one time by Corellian smuggler Han Solo ( Harrison Ford ) and his Wookiee first mate , Chewbacca ( Peter Mayhew ) . The highly modified Corellian Engineering Corporation ( CEC ) YT-1300 light freighter first appears in Star Wars ( 1977 ) , and subsequently in The Empire Strikes Back ( 1980 ) , Return of the Jedi ( 1983 ) and The Force Awakens ( 2015 ) . The ship also makes a brief cameo appearance in Revenge of the Sith ( 2005 ) . Additionally , the Falcon appears in a variety of Star Wars expanded universe materials , including books , comics , and games ; James Luceno 's novel Millennium Falcon focuses on the titular ship . It also appears in the 2014 animated film The Lego Movie in Lego form , with Billy Dee Williams and Anthony Daniels reprising their roles of Lando Calrissian and C-3PO , with Keith Ferguson voicing Han Solo .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2ab6dc1a2120b76e9aada80ff2f0501f",
"text": "The Rise and Fall of Darth Vader The Rise and Fall of Darth Vader is a young adult novel set in the Star Wars universe . It tells the complete story of the title character from his introduction in Star Wars : Episode I -- The Phantom Menace to his death in Return of the Jedi , chronicling his early life as a slave on Tatooine to his transformation to the Sith Lord title character to his ultimate redemption . The hard cover book , which is 211 pages , was written by Ryder Windham and published in October 2007 . Anakin 's story begins when he is taken with his mother to be a slave to Gardulla the Hutt , rival of Jabba the Hutt , on Tatooine . The story continues from there through the rest of the Star Wars films . In 2008 , a sequel was published by Windham titled The Life and Legend of Obi-Wan Kenobi , which follows the complete story of Obi-Wan Kenobi in the complete saga . In 2009 , another sequel followed titled A New Hope : The Life of Luke Skywalker , telling the story of the Luke Skywalker throughout the Star Wars films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "48531ac0fefb6047de4876191b160cf1",
"text": "Solomon Kane (film) Solomon Kane is a 2009 French-British-Czech dark fantasy action-adventure film written and directed by Michael J. Bassett based on the pulp magazine character Solomon Kane created in 1928 by Robert E. Howard . James Purefoy stars in the title role . Despite optioning the rights in 1997 , filming did not begin until January 2008 . The film is an original story for the Kane character and was intended to be the first of a trilogy . The plot follows a redemption story for Kane , from the end of his life as a privateer , through the salvation of his soul by rescuing a Puritan girl and the beginning of his life as the Puritan avenger of the source material . It was produced by a consortium of French , Czech , and British companies and mostly filmed in the Czech Republic . The film was first shown at the 2009 Toronto International Film Festival . It went on general release in France , Spain , and the UK over the end of 2009 and the beginning of 2010 . Reception was generally favourable , with a Rotten Tomatoes rating of 66 % following the UK/US release ; the film 's atmosphere and Purefoy 's acting attracted the most acclaim .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b259887db7806f3f5e307e88e4cf3659",
"text": "List of accolades received by Star Wars: The Force Awakens Star Wars : The Force Awakens is a 2015 epic space opera film directed , co-produced , and co-written by J. J. Abrams . The seventh installment in the main Star Wars film series , and first of three in Star Wars sequel trilogy , it stars Harrison Ford , Mark Hamill , Carrie Fisher , Adam Driver , Daisy Ridley , John Boyega , Oscar Isaac , Lupita Nyong ` o , Andy Serkis , Domhnall Gleeson , Anthony Daniels , and Max von Sydow . The Force Awakens is set 30 years after Return of the Jedi ; it follows Rey , Finn , and Poe Dameron 's search for Luke Skywalker and their fight alongside the Resistance , led by veterans of the Rebel Alliance , against Kylo Ren and the First Order , a successor group to the Galactic Empire . The Force Awakens was premiered by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures in Los Angeles on December 14 , and was released in United States and Canada on December 18 , 2015 . The Force Awakens opened across 14,300 theaters , breaking numerous box-office records and became the first film to earn more than $ 100 million worldwide in a single day . The film grossed a worldwide total of over $ 2 billion on a production budget of $ 306 million becoming the highest-grossing release of 2015 , and the fastest film to earn $ 1 billion worldwide , doing so in twelve-days . The Force Awakens became the third film in history to surpass $ 2 billion worldwide ( after Avatar ( 2009 ) and Titanic ( 1997 ) ) , doing so on its 53rd day of release . Rotten Tomatoes , a review aggregator , surveyed 360 reviews and judged 92 percent to be positive . The Force Awakens garnered many awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for Abrams ' direction , its action sequences , visual effects , editing and Ridley 's and Boyega 's performances . Several awards held their nominations before the December release of The Force Awakens , making the film ineligible for the 73rd Golden Globe Awards and some other awards ceremonies . However , the film was added to the 21st Critics ' Choice Awards 's slate of best picture nominees after a special vote by the board of directors , and the announcement of the 2015 American Film Institute Awards was delayed until after the release of film , where it was named one of Top Ten Films of the year . The Force Awakens received five nominations at the 88th Academy Awards as Best Original Score , Best Sound Editing , Best Sound Mixing , Best Film Editing and Best Visual Effects . The film garnered four nominations at 69th British Academy Film Awards , and won for Best Special Visual Effects and a special BAFTA Rising Star Award for John Boyega . At the 21st Empire Awards , the film received nine nominations and won five including Best Sci-Fi/Fantasy Film , and Best Director for J.J. Abrams . The Force Awakens became the most nominated film in Saturn Awards history with total of thirteen nominations at 42nd Saturn Awards and won eight including Best Science Fiction Film , Best Director and Best Special Effects . The film received seven nominations from the Visual Effects Society , winning four including Outstanding Visual Effects in an Effects Driven Feature Motion Picture . Star Wars : The Force Awakens received eleven nominations at MTV Movie Awards , the most for the ceremony and won three including Movie of the Year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c4765b9e0692641feaf7c2aa2d4f2c8a",
"text": "Star Wars Holiday Special The Star Wars Holiday Special is a 1978 American musical science fiction television film set in the Star Wars galaxy . It stars the series ' first film 's main cast while introducing the character Boba Fett , who would appear in later films . It is one of the first official Star Wars spin-offs and was directed by Steve Binder . In the storyline that ties the special together , Chewbacca and Han Solo visit Kashyyyk , Chewbacca 's home world , to celebrate Life Day . They are pursued by agents of the Galactic Empire , who are searching for members of the Rebel Alliance on the planet . The special introduces three members of Chewbacca 's family : his father Itchy , his wife Malla , and his son Lumpy , though these names were later explained to have been nicknames , their full names being Attichitcuk , Mallatobuck , and Lumpawarrump , respectively . The program also features many other Star Wars characters , including Luke Skywalker , C-3PO , R2-D2 , Darth Vader and Princess Leia ( who sings the film 's `` theme song '' , set to the music of John Williams ' Star Wars theme , near the end ) , all of them portrayed by the original actors . The program includes stock footage from Star Wars , and also features a cartoon produced by Toronto-based Nelvana that officially introduces the bounty hunter Boba Fett . Scenes also take place in outer space and in spacecraft including the Millennium Falcon and an Imperial Star Destroyer . The variety-show segments and cartoon also take place in a few other locales , such as a Mos Eisley cantina on the desert planet of Tatooine and a newly introduced red ocean planet known as Panna . The special is notorious for its extremely negative reception and has never been rebroadcast or officially released on home video . It has therefore become something of a cultural legend , because of the `` underground '' quality of its existence . It has been viewed and distributed in off-air recordings made from its original telecast by fans , which were later adapted to content-sharing websites via the Internet and bootleg copies .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ee5f3fd9ce4a5659b4a61826101ba52e",
"text": "Michael Jackson's Vision Michael Jackson 's Vision is a deluxe DVD box set by American recording artist Michael Jackson . It was released on November 22 , 2010 by Epic Records , Legacy Recordings , and Jackson 's own label , MJJ Productions . It includes three DVDs , featuring 4.5 hours of content of 42 music videos with newly restored color and remastered audio . Jackson referred to each of these productions as a `` short film '' and not a music video . This is the first time that all of Jackson 's videos have been released on DVD . According to a statement by the producers , the video recognizes Jackson 's `` pioneering short films that transformed the entertainment industry with timeless , pop culture classics '' . Disc one features videos from the albums Off the Wall , Thriller and Bad and disc two features videos from the albums Dangerous , HIStory : Past , Present and Future , Book I , Blood on the Dance Floor : HIStory in the Mix and Invincible . The third disc , which is a bonus disc , features seven videos . Michael Jackson 's Vision includes the full-length versions of the John Landis-directed `` Thriller '' and `` Black or White '' as well as the classic `` Bad '' directed by Academy Award winning filmmaker Martin Scorsese . Also included in the boxed set are Jackson 's collaborations with other noted film directors such as John Singleton , Spike Lee and David Fincher as well as `` Ghosts , '' his rarely seen collaboration with special effects legend Stan Winston . Michael Jackson 's Vision is available in a limited edition boxed set featuring a 60-page glossy hard-bound book that includes behind-the-scenes photos from Jackson 's videos , which includes information for each video including : songwriter , album , director , production date , location and photography . Ten music videos previously unavailable on DVD including `` One More Chance '' are included . It was also released on the iTunes Store and has iTunes LP features . The videos `` Smooth Criminal '' , `` Speed Demon '' , `` Come Together '' , and `` Leave Me Alone '' come from Jackson 's 1988 film Moonwalker . The `` Smooth Criminal '' segment is actually over 40 minutes long but only the 10-minute song and dance scene is featured . The video `` Another Part of Me '' is from Jackson 's Bad World Tour and `` Will You Be There '' is from the Dangerous World Tour . The `` HIStory '' video is the only short film that is not included in this box set . The original music video of `` Blood on the Dance Floor '' is replaced with the Refugee Camp Mix for unknown reasons . The videos for The Jacksons ' songs `` Torture '' and `` Body '' are also not included , because Michael did not appear in either of them , despite having a verse in each of them . Also not included is the music video for The Jacksons ' `` 2300 Jackson Street '' . On February 15 , 2011 , Michael Jackson 's Vision was certified 5 × Platinum by RIAA for the sales of over 0.5 million units in the United States . On December 31 , 2010 , it was also certified Diamond in France ( for the sales of over 60 000 units ) and 2 × Platinum in Australia . On May 29 , 2011 , it was also certified Gold in New Zealand . It has been also certified Gold in Austria and Platinum in Poland . Reception over the video and audio quality of the box set has been mixed . As the videos are played in 16:9 , videos with a 4:3 aspect ratio are pillarboxed and as a result the resolution is lower than some previous DVDs . Also , the audio is mixed in PCM stereo instead of 5.1 Surround as in many previous DVDs .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8e50128bcbd5d2f49bc495827ef5995c",
"text": "E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial is a 1982 American science fiction fantasy film co-produced and directed by Steven Spielberg , and written by Melissa Mathison . It features special effects by Carlo Rambaldi and Dennis Muren , and stars Henry Thomas , Dee Wallace , Robert MacNaughton , Drew Barrymore , Peter Coyote and Pat Welsh . It tells the story of Elliott ( Thomas ) , a lonely boy who befriends an extraterrestrial , dubbed `` E.T. '' , who is stranded on Earth . He and his siblings help it return home while attempting to keep it hidden from their mother and the government . The concept was based on an imaginary friend Spielberg created after his parents ' divorce in 1960 . In 1980 , Spielberg met Mathison and developed a new story from the stalled sci-fi horror film project Night Skies . It was shot from September to December 1981 in California on a budget of US$ 10.5 million . Unlike most films , it was shot in rough chronological order , to facilitate convincing emotional performances from the young cast . Released on June 11 , 1982 by Universal Pictures , E.T was an immediate blockbuster , surpassing Star Wars to become the highest-grossing film of all time -- a record it held for eleven years until Jurassic Park , another Spielberg-directed film , surpassed it in 1993 . It is the highest-grossing film of the 1980s . Widely regarded as one of the greatest films of all time , critics acclaimed it as a timeless story of friendship , and it ranks as the greatest science fiction film ever made in a Rotten Tomatoes survey . In 1994 , it was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry as being `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' . It was re-released in 1985 , and then again in 2002 to celebrate its 20th anniversary , with altered shots and additional scenes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7a10783f5169d4764de1d94e987a9697",
"text": "Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back (1992 video game) Star Wars : The Empire Strikes Back is a video game released for the Nintendo Entertainment System in . It is the sequel the original Star Wars for the NES . This is the second of three video games released under the Empire Strikes Back title for home video game systems . It was preceded by a version for the Atari 2600 and succeeded by Super Star Wars : The Empire Strikes Back for the Super NES . After the game was completed , the developers were occupied with making JVC 's Super Star Wars for the Super NES , so a corresponding NES sequel covering the film Return of the Jedi was never developed , nor released . A version of the game was released for the Game Boy . That product was reprinted and distributed by several publishers over the course of three years .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
0f7e16d901f96c3765559f7084d2c829
|
Sage Stallone was an American.
|
[
{
"docid": "ded8713879f6800bb13b74486c49f9e9",
"text": "Sage Stallone Sage Moonblood Stallone ( May 5 , 1976 -- July 13 , 2012 ) was an American actor , film director , film producer , and film distributor . He was the son of Sylvester Stallone .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "0338f7540381de89562bb3f94e3c0bae",
"text": "An American Prayer An American Prayer is the ninth and final studio album by the Doors . In 1978 , seven years after lead singer Jim Morrison died and five years after the remaining members of the band broke up , Ray Manzarek , Robby Krieger , and John Densmore reunited and recorded backing tracks over Morrison 's poetry ( originally recorded in 1969 and 1970 ) . Other pieces of music and spoken word recorded by the Doors and Morrison were also used in the audio collage , such as dialogue from Morrison 's film HWY : An American Pastoral and snippets from jam sessions . Despite managing a RIAA platinum certification in the US , the album received mixed reviews and still divides critics . When the album was originally released , longtime Doors ' producer Paul A. Rothchild labeled the album a `` rape of Jim Morrison . '' Rothchild claimed that he had heard all of the reels of master tapes from both the 1969 and the 1970 poetry sessions , insisting that the three remaining Doors failed to realize Morrison 's original intent for an audio presentation of the poetry . Prior to leaving for Paris , Morrison had approached composer Lalo Schifrin as a possible contributor for the music tracks meant to accompany the poetry , with no participation from any of the other Doors members . Additionally , he had developed some conception of the album cover art work by January 1971 , and was in correspondence with artist T. E. Breitenbach to design this cover in the form of a triptych . However , John Haeny ( who recorded the original session tapes with Morrison in 1970 and safeguarded them before the project was resurrected as An American Prayer ) insisted that the album `` was made by those people who were closest to Jim , both personally and artistically '' and `` everyone had the best intentions , '' stating : `` Jim would be pleased . Jim would have understood our motivation and appreciated our dedication and heartfelt handling of his work . '' The album also includes a composite live version of `` Roadhouse Blues , '' splicing together performances at New York City 's Felt Forum and Detroit 's Cobo Hall , both captured during the Doors ' 1970 Roadhouse Blues Tour . This version of the song later appeared on the In Concert compilation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6f48051558ea294bec010466d3d3f9cc",
"text": "Sam Coppola Sam Coppola ( July 31 , 1932 -- February 5 , 2012 ) was an American actor . He appeared in almost 70 films , beginning in 1968 , but may be best remembered for his role as Dan Fusco , owner of the Bay Ridge , Brooklyn , hardware and paint store , in Saturday Night Fever , who gave John Travolta 's character sage but salty advice in the classic 1977 film . Later in his career , Coppola made a brief but memorable appearance on The Sopranos as the idiosyncratic family therapist of Jennifer Melfi . Coppola was a cop in Serpico ( 1973 ) , starring Al Pacino , and a detective in Fatal Attraction ( 1987 ) , starring Michael Douglas and Glenn Close . His many TV credits include The Practice , The Good Wife , Law & Order , The Sopranos , Ryan 's Hope and the 2001 A&E movie The Big Heist , in which he portrayed mob boss Paul Castellano . Coppola , no relation to film director Francis Ford Coppola , played a nursing home resident in a Chevy commercial that aired during 2011 's Super Bowl and a hot dog vendor in a Ball Park Franks spot starring Michael Jordan . Coppola , a 38-year resident of Leonia , also had many stage roles . He played the hobo Vladimir in a 2005 off-Broadway production of `` Waiting for Godot '' and an aging real estate salesman , Aaronow , in a 2000 production of Glengarry Glen Ross at the McCarter Theatre in Princeton . Coppola died February 5 , 2012 from an aneurysm , and was predeceased by his wife , Helen . He is survived by his children , Jason Coppola of Brooklyn and Samantha Coppola of Bogota , and three grandchildren .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9a1feb0ae158aa48c4f791a10e3d36b2",
"text": "Sylvester (film) Sylvester is a 1985 American family drama film directed by Tim Hunter and starring Richard Farnsworth and Melissa Gilbert . The movie was nominated for a Young Artist Award in 1986 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3611df98aca7091db765296622f3aca7",
"text": "Sage oil Sage oil is the essential oil made from the culinary herb sage , Salvia officinalis . In addition to its valuable flavoring characteristics , sage oil can contain as much as 50 % thujone by weight . The exact amount varies based on the time in the season and which part of the plant is tested . Thujone is traditionally regarded as one of the active ingredients in absinthe , distinguishing it from `` less controversial '' alcoholic beverages . Sage oil has been suggested to boost short-term memory performance in many using it as a dietary supplement . Sage oils can be toxic and may trigger miscarriages , as well as `` cause dizziness , rapid heartbeat , and provoke epileptic seizures '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "40d37d21d0bb0eb4700077b346bdcbea",
"text": "Ford Mustang The Ford Mustang is an American automobile manufactured by Ford . It was originally based on the platform of the second generation North American Ford Falcon , a compact car . The original 1962 Ford Mustang I two-seater concept car had evolved into the 1963 Mustang II four-seater concept car which Ford used to pretest how the public would take interest in the first production Mustang . The 1963 Mustang II concept car was designed with a variation of the production model 's front and rear ends with a roof that was 2.7 inches shorter . Introduced early on April 17 , 1964 , ( 16 days after the Plymouth Barracuda ) and thus dubbed as a `` 1964 1/2 '' by Mustang fans , the 1965 Mustang was the automaker 's most successful launch since the Model A . The Mustang has undergone several transformations to its current sixth generation . The Mustang created the `` pony car '' class of American automobiles , affordable sporty coupes with long hoods and short rear decks and gave rise to competitors such as the Chevrolet Camaro , Pontiac Firebird , AMC Javelin , Chrysler 's revamped Plymouth Barracuda , and the first generation Dodge Challenger . The Mustang is also credited for inspiring the designs of coupés such as the Toyota Celica and Ford Capri , which were imported to the United States .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "64daf635e0704799258b62ebaea7c666",
"text": "Art film An art film is typically a serious , independent film aimed at a niche market rather than a mass market audience . An art film is `` intended to be a serious artistic work , often experimental and not designed for mass appeal '' ; they are `` made primarily for aesthetic reasons rather than commercial profit '' , and they contain `` unconventional or highly symbolic content '' . Film critics and film studies scholars typically define an art film as possessing `` formal qualities that mark them as different from mainstream Hollywood films '' , which can include , among other elements , a sense of social realism ; an emphasis on the authorial expressiveness of the director ; and a focus on the thoughts , dreams , or motivations of characters , as opposed to the unfolding of a clear , goal-driven story . Film scholar David Bordwell describes art cinema as `` a film genre , with its own distinct conventions '' . Art film producers usually present their films at specialty theatres ( repertory cinemas , or , in the U.S. , `` arthouse cinemas '' ) and film festivals . The term art film is much more widely used in the United States , the UK and Australia than in Europe , where the term is more associated with `` auteur '' films and `` national cinema '' ( e.g. , German national cinema ) . Because they are aimed at small niche market audiences , they can rarely get the financial backing that will permit large production budgets , expensive special effects , costly celebrity actors , or huge advertising campaigns , as are used in widely released mainstream blockbuster films . Art film directors make up for these constraints by creating a different type of film , which typically uses lesser-known film actors ( or even amateur actors ) and modest sets to make films that focus much more on developing ideas or exploring new narrative techniques or film-making conventions . A certain degree of experience and knowledge are required to fully understand or appreciate such films . One mid-1990s art film was called `` largely a cerebral experience '' that one enjoys `` because of what you know about film '' . This contrasts sharply with mainstream `` blockbuster '' films , which are geared more towards escapism and pure entertainment . For promotion , art films rely on the publicity generated from film critics ' reviews , discussion of their film by arts columnists , commentators and bloggers , and `` word-of-mouth '' promotion by audience members . Since art films have small initial investment costs , they only need to appeal to a small portion of the mainstream viewing audiences to become financially viable .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5a1d800f3a58ce0e26dc0d8caddded51",
"text": "Goodfellas Goodfellas ( stylized as GoodFellas ) is a 1990 American crime film directed by Martin Scorsese . It is an adaptation of the 1986 non-fiction book Wiseguy by Nicholas Pileggi , who co-wrote the screenplay with Scorsese . The film narrates the rise and fall of mob associate Henry Hill and his friends over a period from 1955 to 1980 . Scorsese initially named the film Wise Guy and postponed making it ; later , he and Pileggi changed the name to Goodfellas . To prepare for their roles in the film , Robert De Niro , Joe Pesci , and Ray Liotta often spoke with Pileggi , who shared research material left over from writing the book . According to Pesci , improvisation and ad-libbing came out of rehearsals wherein Scorsese gave the actors freedom to do whatever they wanted . The director made transcripts of these sessions , took the lines he liked best , and put them into a revised script , which the cast worked from during principal photography . Made on a budget of $ 25 million , Goodfellas grossed $ 46.8 million . It received positive reviews from critics and was nominated for six Academy Awards , including Best Picture and Best Director , with Pesci winning Best Actor in a Supporting Role . The film won five awards from the British Academy of Film and Television Arts , including Best Film and Best Director . Additionally , Goodfellas was named the year 's best film by various critics ' groups . Goodfellas is widely regarded as one of the greatest films in the crime genre . In 2000 , it was deemed `` culturally , historically , and aesthetically significant '' and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry by the United States Library of Congress . Its content and style have been emulated in numerous other films and television shows .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ea3ec794b8d7b5f474734892bf88073e",
"text": "Sheriff of Sage Valley Sheriff of Sage Valley is a 1942 American film directed by Sam Newfield .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "83ad9c19b66ee6698f966bf4bab0e64b",
"text": "Stand! Stand ! is a 1969 album by soul/funk band Sly and the Family Stone . Written and produced by lead singer and multi-instrumentalist Sly Stone , Stand ! is considered an artistic high-point of the band 's career . Released on May 3 by Epic Records , just before the group 's celebrated performance at the Woodstock festival , it was the band 's fourth album , and most commercially successful to date . It includes several well-known songs , among them hit singles , such as `` Sing a Simple Song '' , `` I Want to Take You Higher '' , `` Stand ! '' , and `` Everyday People '' . It was published in US as an LP record with gatefold cover , and was reissued in 1990 on vinyl and CD and in 2007 as a remastered numbered edition digipack CD with bonus tracks and , in the UK , only as a CD with bonus tracks . 500,000 copies of the album were sold in the year of its release : it was certified gold in sales by the Recording Industry Association of America on December 4 , 1969 , went on to sell over three million copies and became one of the most successful albums of the 1960s . By 1986 it had sold well over 1 million copies and was certified platinum in sales by the RIAA on November 26 of that same year . In 2003 the album was ranked number 118 on Rolling Stone magazine 's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time . In 2015 , the album was deemed `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' by the Library of Congress and selected for inclusion in the National Recording Registry .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8d2df65afab65724119a553a9a70fdb6",
"text": "Rocky III Rocky III is a 1982 American sports drama film written , directed by , and starring Sylvester Stallone . It is the third installment in the Rocky film series , and the second in the franchise to be directed by Stallone . The movie features returning co-stars Carl Weathers , Burgess Meredith , Talia Shire and Burt Young . Rocky III also marks the film debuts of Mr. T as James `` Clubber '' Lang , and of professional wrestler Hulk Hogan as the supporting character `` Thunderlips '' . Rocky III is the first installment in the series to be distributed by MGM/UA rather than United Artists alone . In 1980 , United Artists , who owned the rights to the Rocky films , made Heaven 's Gate , a film which cost $ 44 million and made only $ 3 million . In response , United Artists ' owner , Transamerica , sold United Artists to MGM , forming MGM/UA in 1981 . The film 's main theme , `` Eye of the Tiger '' , was written by the group Survivor and became a smash hit single , topping the U.S. Billboard charts and received an Academy Award nomination for Best Original Song .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bc54c996fe85c08a403a313bd2770d1e",
"text": "Nevada Fighter Nevada Fighter is the third solo album by American singer-songwriter Michael Nesmith during his post-Monkees career . The album is also the third and final album with the First National Band . Released by RCA Records in 1971 , the LP failed to chart in the top 200 but bubbled under at # 202 . The lead off single `` Nevada Fighter '' peaked at No. 70 on the Billboard charts . John London and John Ware left the group in late November 1970 . Two tracks were left to finish the album - `` Here I Am '' ( recorded in early January 1971 ) and `` Only Bound '' ( recorded in late January ) . Nesmith recruited James Burton , Joe Osborn and Ron Tutt to help finish the album -- all three had worked with Nesmith during his days with The Monkees . The track `` Nevada Fighter '' was originally recorded under the title `` Apology . '' `` Propinquity '' was the third version of this song Nesmith recorded -- he demoed it for The Monkees in 1966 and recorded a 1968 version for the group .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "468559989cc5b7dbbe803f7d75072dc5",
"text": "The Stall `` The Stall '' is the 76th episode of the NBC sitcom Seinfeld . It is the 12th episode of the fifth season , and first aired on January 6 , 1994 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "af72f6656c86112f638c2b1007ac6ce3",
"text": "Saracinesca Saracinesca is a novel by F. Marion Crawford , first published as a serial in Blackwood 's Magazine and then as a book in New York ( Macmillan ) and Edinburgh ( Blackwood ) in 1887 . Set chiefly in Rome of twenty years earlier , the novel paints a rich picture of the period , detailing the spiritual and economic problems of the aristocracy at a time when its influence and status were under attack from the emerging forces of modernity . This romance tells the tale of Giovanni Saracinesca and his courting of Corona d'Astradente , complete with intrigue and sword fights ( Crawford was an expert fencer ) . It can be categorized as a work of historical fiction in that it relates a time when the author was only a child , and also in the sense that the particulars of that time and place are carefully delineated . In a sense , Crawford had been researching for this book all his life : his parents had witnessed the brief 1848 revolution , and his cousin , in her memoirs of Crawford , insisted that '' -LSB- t -RSB- here is little doubt that Crawford as a boy had heard first-hand descriptions of -LSB- the -RSB- exciting events '' of the 1860s . Saracinesca proved to be both an immediate hit and Crawford 's greatest critical success . It was also a commercial triumph : he negotiated separate contracts for the serial printing and the simultaneous American and British publication , as well as future royalties . He followed it with two brilliant sequels , Sant ' Ilario and Don Orsino , the three of which are usually considered a trilogy . Subsequent sequels , such as Corleone , continue the saga of Saracinesca family , but with a diversion from the previous focus on the drama and status of family members into heavily plotted , incident-heavy melodrama . Characters from Saracinesca and its sequels also appear in A Lady of Rome ( 1906 ) and The White Sister ( 1909 ) . Crawford , though an American by parentage and citizenship , was born in the Italian resort of Bagni de Lucca , spent most of his life abroad , and wrote Saracinesca while living in Sant ' Agnello di Sorrento , Italy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "752227b3b7a63d61f5f2d679802fae77",
"text": "Golden Boot Awards The Golden Boot Awards is an American acknowledgment of achievement honoring actors , actresses , and crew members who have made significant contributions to the genre of Western television and movies . The award is sponsored and presented by the Motion Picture & Television Fund . Money raised at the award banquet is used to help finance various services offered by the Fund to those in the entertainment industry . Actor Pat Buttram conceived the idea of the Golden Boot Award , and the first ones were presented in 1983 . The awards appear to have been discontinued since 2007 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7e984b57d004a31567835c25088568a5",
"text": "Hollywood Squares The Hollywood Squares is an American panel game show in which two contestants play tic-tac-toe to win cash and prizes . The show piloted on NBC in 1965 , and the regular series debuted in 1966 on the same network . The board for the game is a 3 × 3 vertical stack of open-faced cubes , each occupied by a celebrity seated at a desk and facing the contestants . The stars are asked questions by the host , and the contestants judge the truth of their answers to gain squares in the right pattern to win the game . Although The Hollywood Squares was a legitimate game show , the game largely acted as the background for the show 's comedy in the form of joke answers ( called `` zingers '' ) , often given by the stars prior to their real answer . The show 's writers usually supplied the jokes . In addition , the stars were given the questions ' subjects and bluff ( plausible but incorrect ) answers prior to the show . The show was scripted in this sense , but the gameplay was not . In any case , as original host Peter Marshall would explain at the beginning of the Secret Square game , the celebrities were briefed prior to the show to help them with bluff answers , but they otherwise heard the actual questions for the first time as they were asked on air . In 2013 , TV Guide ranked it at No. 7 in its list of the 60 greatest game shows ever . Internationally , there are multiple versions under a variety of names ( see International versions below ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a0ab95b07216f9cefd824aece117c05e",
"text": "Gary Cooper filmography The filmography of Gary Cooper chronicles the film appearances of American actor Gary Cooper . After starting his career in 1925 as a film extra and stuntman , Cooper made his official cinematic debut in 1926 in the Samuel Goldwyn production The Winning of Barbara Worth . He went on to become a contract player with Paramount Pictures where he established himself as a popular leading man prior to the end of the silent film era . Cooper 's future in the sound era was assured with the release of The Virginian ( 1929 ) , his first all-talkie film . For the next 32 years , he would be one of cinema 's top money-making stars . From 1936 to 1957 , Cooper ranked 18 times among the top ten box office attractions -- a record when he died in 1961 , and later surpassed only by John Wayne , who ranked among the top ten 25 times , Clint Eastwood ( 21 times ) and Tom Cruise ( 20 times ) . Cooper was nominated for the Best Actor Academy Award five times and won twice , for Sergeant York ( 1942 ) and High Noon ( 1952 ) . The latter film boosted his popularity , resulting in him being the number one box office attraction in 1953 . Cooper received a third Academy Award -- an honorary one -- just prior to his death in 1961 . His final film , The Naked Edge , was released shortly after his death . As of February 2008 , more than half of Gary Cooper 's feature films are available on DVD , while others not yet on home video are available for television broadcast . Unfortunately , at least two of his silent films -- Beau Sabreur ( 1928 ) and The Legion of the Condemned ( 1928 ) -- are now considered lost films . Another of his silent films , Wolf Song ( 1929 ) , was originally released as a part talkie , but survives only as a silent film . One of Cooper 's earliest talkies , Paramount on Parade ( 1930 ) , survives incomplete . The prints that are available for television are missing all but one of the film 's Technicolor scenes -- a partial restoration of these scenes was done by the UCLA Film Archives . This filmography contains sections for Cooper 's work as an extra in the earliest part of his film career , his feature film appearances , his occasional appearances in short films , and a section for a compilation film . Due to its length ( 92 films ) , the listing of his feature films is divided in four sections . Cooper 's film roles are listed , as well as the names of each film 's director and co-stars . Cooper 's awards and nominations are also listed . Except where noted , all of his films were shot in 35mm black and white . All films released prior to Lilac Time ( 1928 ) are silent films and all from The Virginian ( 1929 ) onward are sound films . The films made during the silent-to-sound transition are noted as being either silent or sound films . As an addendum , Cooper 's handful of television appearances are also listed .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "28e55faca29577ebcaf77d8a5c14f4a8",
"text": "Al Martino Al Martino ( born Jasper Cini ; October 7 , 1927 -- October 13 , 2009 ) was an American singer and actor . He had his greatest success as a singer between the early 1950s and mid-1970s , being described as `` one of the great Italian American pop crooners '' , and also became well known as an actor , particularly for his role as singer Johnny Fontane in The Godfather .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e8e790c3e3e9c6a35cb12e61b684bd69",
"text": "Rocky Rocky is a 1976 American sports drama film directed by John G. Avildsen and both written by and starring Sylvester Stallone . It tells the rags to riches American Dream story of Rocky Balboa , an uneducated but kind-hearted working class Italian-American boxer working in a meat warehouse and as a debt collector for a loan shark in the slums of Philadelphia . Rocky starts out as a small-time club fighter , and later gets a shot at the world heavyweight championship . The film also stars Talia Shire as Adrian , Burt Young as Adrian 's brother Paulie , Burgess Meredith as Rocky 's trainer Mickey Goldmill , and Carl Weathers as the champion , Apollo Creed . The film , made on a budget of just over $ 1 million and shot in 28 days , was a sleeper hit ; it earned $ 225 million in global box office receipts , becoming the highest-grossing film of 1976 , and went on to win three Oscars , including Best Picture . The film received many positive reviews and turned Stallone into a major star . In 2006 , the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being `` culturally , historically or aesthetically significant '' . Rocky is considered to be one of the greatest sports films ever made and was ranked as the second-best in the genre , after Raging Bull , by the American Film Institute in 2008 . The film has spawned six sequels : Rocky II ( 1979 ) , Rocky III ( 1982 ) , Rocky IV ( 1985 ) , Rocky V ( 1990 ) , Rocky Balboa ( 2006 ) and Creed ( 2015 ) . Stallone portrays Rocky in all six sequels , wrote the first five , and directed four ( Avildsen returned to direct Rocky V and Ryan Coogler directed Creed ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "10e92cfb01dd5ab21b05662492ec7682",
"text": "The Combined (Group) The Combined or Big Seven Group , was a criminal organization headed by organized crime figures on the East Coast of the United States during Prohibition serving as the predecessor to the alleged National Crime Syndicate of the 1930s . The organization consisted of seven Jewish , Italian , and Irish American gangs on the east coast . Following the reform movements and police crackdown on street gangs and other criminals , the criminal underworld entered a `` slow period '' in the years during and after the First World War . While the older political bosses were able to get their former criminal associates work as bouncers and work in vice districts such as gambling dens and brothels , they began to disassociate themselves from their former criminal alliances . Following the announcement of the Volstead Act in 1919 , many in the underworld readily entered into bootlegging as gang wars broke out in major cities across the country . As the struggle to gain dominance over the industry continued into the early 1920s , with shootouts and bombings commonplace , a group emerged to resolve the constant warfare which was costing everyone money . Originally intended to serve as a centralized office for the purposes of ordering bootleg liquor to be equally distributed , the group would also reduce costs among bootleggers for supplies and , without worrying about rival bootleggers , enable independent bootleggers to focus on protecting their shipments from freelance hijackers . Although the concept of the organization differed between Arnold Rothstein and Johnny Torrio , both Charles `` Lucky '' Luciano and Meyer Lansky were major supporters by 1927 . Its original members included Enoch `` Nucky '' Johnson , Abner `` Longy '' Zwillman of New Jersey , Moe Dalitz of Cleveland , Waxey Gordon and Harry `` Nig '' Rosen of Philadelphia and Danny Walsh of Providence . Other members included the Bug and Meyer Mob as `` enforcers '' and the semi-retired Johnny Torrio who remained in an advisory capacity regarding organizational advice . As the violence of the bootleg wars died down in the mid-Atlantic area , others requested membership including Dutch Schultz of Manhattan , Charles `` King '' Solomon of Boston . Al Capone also expressed interest in joining the organization ; however his gang war with the North Side Gang prevented him from doing so . Despite the death of Rothstein that same year , and the subsequent pushing aside or deaths of several gang leaders , the remaining members of the Seven Group were successful in establishing its authority and served as the basis for the Atlantic City Conference in 1929 . Category : Organized crime groups",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9b41f99cde0b5e62d973e041813ea211",
"text": "Rysher Entertainment Rysher Entertainment was the owner of television and film programming content , primarily distributed around the world by CBS Television Distribution and Paramount Pictures . Select rights are also distributed by Warner Bros. , Universal , Lionsgate , Fox , Columbia Pictures , MGM and other entertainment distribution companies worldwide . The company has its roots in Bing Crosby Productions ( `` BCP '' ) . Its namesake , actor-singer Bing Crosby , founded BCP in 1949 , and was best known for producing the sitcom Hogan 's Heroes and the medical drama Ben Casey -- in succeeding years , BCP was acquired by Cox Broadcasting . In 1993 , Cox acquired Rysher Entertainment . Rysher , founded in April 1991 by Keith Samples , had been established as an independently owned company whose original sole product had been the distribution of NBC 's series Saved By The Bell . In 1993 , and later distribution of another NBC series California Dreams in 1994 , Rysher merged with Al Masini 's Television Program Enterprises to form Rysher TPE , its alternate name used from 1993 to 1995 . Through Rysher TPE , they produced and distributed shows such as Lifestyles of the Rich and Famous ( renamed Lifestyles with Robin Leach and Shari Belafonte for its final season ) and Star Search . Later , they produced and distributed George & Alana , which ran for one season in 1995 . The company was shut down in 1999 and the library was acquired by Viacom who folded it into both the film and television division of Paramount . Rysher 's library , today distributed by CBS Television Distribution ( CTD ) and Paramount Pictures ( for TV series and films , respectively ) , includes television and feature film classics such as Hogan 's Heroes ( whose partial rights are held by CBS ) , Ben Casey , and Walking Tall , as well as more recent programs and films including Nash Bridges ( 1999 -- 2001 episodes are produced by Paramount Network Television ) , Highlander : The Series , The Opposite of Sex ( with Sony Pictures Classics ) , Kingpin and Big Night . Rysher also distributes internationally through CTD several of HBO 's award-winning titles including Arli $ $ , Oz and Sex and the City . Rysher also produced House Arrest and Zeus and Roxanne , both of which were released by MGM and distributed by HBO Home Video for home release .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
9b1d59b7aaea5d5b59ff9d0b6ce23ac9
|
Guinevere is found in medieval Welsh prose from the 12th century.
|
[
{
"docid": "0acbdd775a87a92895b2e775def35a13",
"text": "Guinevere Guinevere ( -LSB- ˈɡwɪnᵻvɪər -RSB- Gwenhwyfar Gwenivar ) , often written as Guenevere or Gwenevere , is , in Arthurian legend , the wife of King Arthur . She first appears as Guanhumara ( with many spelling variants in the manuscript tradition ) in Geoffrey of Monmouth 's pseudo-historical chronicle of British history , the Historia Regum Britanniae , written circa 1136 AD . She is also found in medieval Welsh prose , in the mid-late 12th-century tale Culhwch and Olwen , as Arthur 's wife Gwenhwyfar . In medieval romances , one of the most prominent story arcs is Queen Guinevere 's love affair with her husband 's chief knight , Lancelot . This story first appeared in Chrétien de Troyes 's Lancelot , the Knight of the Cart and became a motif in Arthurian literature , starting with the Lancelot-Grail of the early 13th century and carrying through the Post-Vulgate Cycle and Thomas Malory 's Le Morte d'Arthur . Guinevere and Lancelot 's betrayal of Arthur preceded his eventual defeat at the Battle of Camlann by Mordred .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "9a389e24c882485cda1dbc5939299087",
"text": "Beowulf Beowulf ( -LSB- ˈbeɪoʊ-wʊlf , _ ˈbiːoʊ -- -RSB- -LSB- ˈbeːo̯ˌwulf -RSB- ) is an Old English epic poem consisting of 3,182 alliterative lines . It may be the oldest surviving long poem in Old English and is commonly cited as one of the most important works of Old English literature . A date of composition is a matter of contention among scholars ; the only certain dating pertains to the manuscript , which was produced between 975 and 1025 . The author was an anonymous Anglo-Saxon poet , referred to by scholars as the `` Beowulf poet '' . The poem is set in Scandinavia . Beowulf , a hero of the Geats , comes to the aid of Hrothgar , the king of the Danes , whose mead hall in Heorot has been under attack by a monster known as Grendel . After Beowulf slays him , Grendel 's mother attacks the hall and is then also defeated . Victorious , Beowulf goes home to Geatland ( Götaland in modern Sweden ) and later becomes king of the Geats . After a period of fifty years has passed , Beowulf defeats a dragon , but is fatally wounded in the battle . After his death , his attendants cremate his body and erect a tower on a headland in his memory . The full poem survives in the manuscript known as the Nowell Codex . It has no title in the original manuscript , but has become known by the name of the story 's protagonist . In 1731 , the manuscript was badly damaged by a fire that swept through Ashburnham House in London that had a collection of medieval manuscripts assembled by Sir Robert Bruce Cotton . The Nowell Codex is currently housed in the British Library .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "879e3ba42f61878db4bf7dcea8a5361d",
"text": "Three Welsh Romances The Three Welsh Romances ( Welsh : Y Tair Rhamant ) are three Middle Welsh tales associated with the Mabinogion . They are versions of Arthurian tales that also appear in the work of Chrétien de Troyes . Critics have debated whether the Welsh Romances are based on Chrétien 's poems or if they derive from a shared original . Though it seems probable the surviving Romances derive , directly or indirectly , from Chrétien , it is probable he in turn based his tales on older , Celtic sources . The Romances survive in the White Book of Rhydderch and the Red Book of Hergest , both from the fourteenth century , though the material is at least as old as Chrétien . The Three Welsh Romances are : Owain , or the Lady of the Fountain ; which corresponds to Chrétien 's Yvain , the Knight of the Lion Geraint and Enid , which corresponds to Chrétien 's Erec and Enide . Peredur , son of Efrawg , which corresponds to Chrétien 's Perceval , the Story of the Grail",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "12501a71a2e2616cd72b06f3a2c9d29d",
"text": "Roman de Rou Roman de Rou is a verse chronicle by Wace in Norman covering the history of the Dukes of Normandy from the time of Rollo of Normandy to the battle of Tinchebray in 1106 . It is a national epic of Normandy . Following the success of his Roman de Brut which recounted the history of the Britons , Wace was apparently commissioned by Henry II of England to write a similar account of the origins of the Normans and their conquest of England . Wace abandons his tale before bringing it up to date , telling the reader in the final lines of Part III that the king had entrusted the same task to a Maistre Beneeit ( believed to be Benoît de Sainte-More ) . The work was started in the year 1160 , and Wace seems to have performed his last revisions in the mid-1170s .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4306f1b4acf777b4cb6b202c62b8e996",
"text": "Gwenc'hlan See Gwenc ` hlan Le Scouëzec for the modern author . Gwenc ` hlan is the cognomen of a legendary 6th century Breton druid and bard called Kian , the subject and purported author of a Breton song called `` Diougan Gwenc ` hlan '' ( Gwenc ` hlan 's prophecy ) , published by Hersart de la Villemarqué in his 1839 anthology Barzaz Breiz . In this song , Gwenc ` hlan is imprisoned after having his eyes gouged out for refusing to convert to Christianity , sings out that he is n't afraid to die and makes a prophecy wherein he will be avenged . The motive of the blinded prisoner is reminiscent of the historical fate of Boethius . One Gwenc ` hlan or Guinclaff around 1450 wrote a `` chant royal '' , or `` Dialogue between King Arthur and Gwenc ` hlan '' , quoted by Dom Le Pelletier and Gregory of Rostrenen . The poem was rediscovered in 1924 . The Breton used by this Gwenc ` hlan is already deeply pervaded by French . The legend of the 6th century bard is largely a creation of de la Villemarqué 's , but he may have based his account on the 15th century author , as well as on other traditional Breton tales . He quotes 6th to 12th century Welsh poems attributed to the bards Aneurin , Taliesin and Llywarch Hen as his sources .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1980a8ece1841cf089afa88102366ce2",
"text": "Maelienydd Maelienydd , sometimes spelt Maeliennydd , was a cantref and lordship in east central Wales covering the area from the River Teme to Radnor Forest and the area around Llandrindod Wells . The area , which is mainly upland , is now in Powys . During the Middle Ages it was part of the region known as Rhwng Gwy a Hafren , or `` Between the Wye and the Severn '' . Originally an independent kingdom , Maelienydd became an area of great strategic importance after the Norman conquest of England , due to its position . It appears to have come under Norman control before 1093 , but during the 12th century became a battleground between the Welsh Princes of the area , notably Cadwallon ap Madog ap Idnerth ab Elystan Glodrydd , and the Mortimer family . In 1179 Prince Cadwallon was killed by the retainers of Roger Mortimer when he was returning from the court of king Henry II of England . Mortimer was imprisoned by the king for this and Maelienydd was inherited by Cadwallon 's son , Maelgwn ap Cadwallon , not to be confused in any way with Maelgwn Gwynedd , who lived centuries before . On Roger Mortimer 's release from prison he seized much of the lordship , though Maelgwn was later able to recover it with the help of Rhys ap Gruffydd of Deheubarth . In March 1188 , Gerald of Wales records the visit to Maelgwn 's castle of Crug Eryr , during Gerald 's journey through Wales with the Archbishop of Canterbury , who was raising an army for the crusades ; Maelgwn ` took the cross ' just as his cousin Einion o ' r Porth , Prince of Elfael had done at Radnor Castle just a few days earlier , along with Einion 's father in law , Rhys ap Gruffudd ( `` The Lord Rhys '' ) , Prince of Deheubarth . After Rhys ' death the Mortimers again took possession . The struggle for the rule of Maelienydd continued during the 13th century , involving the kings of England and Llywelyn the Great and Llywelyn ap Gruffudd of Gwynedd . A number of castles were built here , notably Cefnllys Castle and Cymaron Castle . One of the main versions of Welsh law , the Cyfnerth Redaction , is thought to originate from Maelienydd when it was in the sphere of influence of Rhys ap Gruffudd in the second half of the 12th century . Maelienydd was one of the cantrefs brought together to form Radnorshire . The name survives for the general area .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "add65a62f461d1b4e0213baa051515f8",
"text": "Gwenllian Gwenllian ( Welsh , a combination of gwen `` fair , blessed , white '' and llian `` flaxen '' ) was the name of several ladies who lived in medieval Wales . The two best known have , for different reasons , become symbols of Welsh patriotism and/or independence . Gwenllian ferch Gruffydd ( 1097-1136 ) Her patriotic revolt and subsequent death in battle at Kidwelly Castle contributed to the Great Revolt of 1136 Gwenllian ferch Llywelyn ( 1282-1337 ) The only child of Llywelyn ap Gruffudd , the last native Prince of Wales Category : Welsh feminine given names",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c46e8c800728de456d8b794730610518",
"text": "Pere de Montsó Pere de Montsó ( fl . 1173 ) , also Peire de Monzo ( n ) , was an Aragonese troubadour , though none of his compositions survive . He was probably from Monzón near the border with Catalonia , but he may have hailed from Monzón de Campos in Castile , as Ramón Menéndez Pidal believed . He is the subject of the eighth stanza of a famous satire of twelve troubadours by Peire d'Alvernhe . This stanza has different readings : The verse is very unclear . The first reading suggests that Raymond V of Toulouse had heard Pere sing . If Pattison 's reconstruction of events surrounding Peire d'Alvernhe 's satire is correct , however , Pere de Montsó was attached to the Spanish entourage ( possibly as a jongleur ) of Eleanor , daughter of Henry II of England and fiancée of Alfonso VIII of Castile , who was travelling through Gascony on her way to Spain when she and her entourage were entertained by Peire 's satire . Pattison suggest on the basis of this stanza that the troupe had also travelled through the lands of Toulouse and met in the presence of the Count , whose whereabouts at the time are otherwise unrecorded . On the second reading , it is clear that Raymond V is alleged to have composed a tune that was subsequently used by Pere , but whether it was stolen from Pere by a third party or whether Pere was considered a thief for using another 's melody is not clear .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b691e999e6cd26fb14d4ec72d69f4875",
"text": "Dindaethwy Dindaethwy was in medieval times one of two commotes of the cantref of Rhosyr , in the south-east of the Isle of Anglesey . It was between the Menai Strait and Conwy Bay ( to the south ) , and the Irish Sea and Red Wharf Bay ( to the north ) . It included Penmon , the easternmost point of the island , opposite which is Puffin Island ( Ynys Seiriol ) . It bordered the commote of Menai ( the other commote of Rhosyr ) to the west , and the commote of Twrcelyn in the cantref of Cemais , to the north . The commote court and maerdref was at Llanfaes , the commote 's most important settlement . Later in the Middle Ages , Llywelyn the Great founded a monastery at Llanfaes ; his wife Siwan was buried there . Previously the commote had one of Anglesey 's two most important religious communities in Penmon , which became a priory ( Penmon Priory ) in the 12th century . Later , Dindaethwy was the home of Penmynydd , the family estate of the Tudors of Anglesey . The name means `` Fort of the Daethwy '' , which may refer to the hillfort of Bwrdd Arthur ( `` Arthur 's Table '' ) in the former parish of Llanfihangel Din Sylwy . The Daethwy were the local Celtic tribe , who also gave their name to the village of Porthaethwy ( Menai Bridge ) . Alternative names are Tindaethwy and Tyndaethwy ( Dindaethwy may be a lenited version of Tindaethwy ) . The fort of Dinas , in the parish of Llandysilio , may have been the tribal centre . The word Dindaethwy also appears in the name of Cynan Dindaethwy , king of Gwynedd at the start of the 9th century , as he was from this part of Anglesey . Category : History of Anglesey Category : Commotes",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d0fb33ac1a6998cc46edf37578a96b83",
"text": "Brut y Tywysogion Brut y Tywysogion ( Chronicle of the Princes ) , also known as Brut y Tywysogyon , is one of the most important primary sources for Welsh history . It is an annalistic chronicle that serves as a continuation of Geoffrey of Monmouth 's Historia Regum Britanniae . Brut y Tywysogion has survived as several Welsh translations of an original Latin version , which has not itself survived . The most important versions are the one in Robert Vaughan 's Peniarth MS. 20 and the slightly less complete one in the Red Book of Hergest . The version entitled Brenhinoedd y Saeson ( Kings of the English ) combines material from the Welsh annals with material from an English source . The Peniarth MS. 20 version begins in 682 with a record of the death of Cadwaladr and ends in 1332 . The entries for the earlier years are brief , usually records of deaths and events such as eclipses , plagues or earthquakes , but later entries give much more detail . The main focus is on the rulers of the kingdoms of Gwynedd , Powys and Deheubarth , but ecclesiastical events are also mentioned , such as the bringing of the date of celebrating Easter in the Welsh church into line with Rome by `` Elbodius '' ( Elfodd ) , Bishop of Bangor , in 768 . Events in England , Ireland , Scotland and sometimes France are also briefly chronicled . The original monastic annals are thought to have been written at Strata Florida Abbey , but may have been kept at the old abbey at Llanbadarn Fawr in the 11th century . Annals from other abbeys were also used in the composition . At least one of the Welsh translations is also thought to have been written at Strata Florida .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b8b610cdee303dceb61a121b932a236c",
"text": "Alliterative Revival The Alliterative Revival is a term adopted by academics to refer to the resurgence of poetry using the alliterative verse form in Middle English between c. 1350 and 1500 . Alliterative verse was the traditional versification of Old English poetry ; the last known alliterative poem known before the revival was Layamon 's Brut , which dates from around 1190 . Opinion is divided as to whether the reappearance of such poems represents a conscious revival of an old artistic tradition , or merely signifies that despite the tradition continuing in some form between 1200 and 1350 , no poems have survived in written form . Major works of the Alliterative Revival include William Langland 's Piers Plowman , the Alliterative Morte Arthure , and the works of the Pearl Poet : Pearl , Sir Gawain and the Green Knight , Cleanness , and Patience .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "85db63c3a2514f1d8ef77d2a50d5431d",
"text": "Tynged yr Iaith `` Tynged yr Iaith '' ( -LSB- ˈtəŋɛd ər ˈjaiθ -RSB- , meaning `` The Fate of the Language '' ) was a radio lecture delivered in Welsh by Saunders Lewis on February 13 , 1962 . Reaction to it brought about a major change in the politics of Wales . Historian John Davies has said that the lecture was `` the catalyst '' for the formation of Cymdeithas yr Iaith Gymraeg ( the Welsh Language Society ) , and the start of a period of direct-action agitation to enhance the status of the Welsh language . Its direct effect on the formation of Cymdeithas yr Iaith Gymraeg is described in a history of that society . It has been said that `` of all the memorable phrases coined in the twentieth century none has greater resonance for the Welsh speaker than Tynged yr Iaith ... which still haunts or inspires champions of the native tongue on the cusp of the new millennium '' . It had the unintended effect of establishing language agitation as a movement separate from the mainstream of nationalist politics . The burgeoning effects from the initial stimulus of Tynged yr Iaith were listed by Gwyn Williams : Formation of Cymdeithas yr Iaith Gymraeg Direct action against offices , roadsigns , TV masts : sit-ins and demonstrations Drive to create Welsh-language schools Positive discrimination in favour of Welsh Use of the Israeli model to encourage take-up of the language by adults Secretary of State for Wales 1964 Welsh Language Act 1967 Creation of S4C Mushrooming of Welsh language publishing , film production , pop and rock , youth and urban music .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eb9ed65daa3e5793029fb832d37bab6b",
"text": "William Glynne-Jones ≠ William Glynne-Jones ( 1907 -- 1977 ) was a Welsh author .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "75916aff69d6af668437222129c16772",
"text": "Cyfraith Hywel Cyfraith Hywel ( -LSB- ˈkəvraiθ ˈhəwɛl -RSB- ; Laws of Hywel ) , also known as Welsh law ( Leges Walliæ ) , was the system of law practised in medieval Wales before its final conquest by England . Subsequently , the Welsh law 's criminal codes were superseded by the Statute of Rhuddlan in AD 1284 and its civil codes by Henry VIII 's series of Laws in Wales Acts between 1535 and 1542 . Welsh law was a form of Celtic law with many similarities to the Brehon law of Ireland and particularly the customs and terminology of the Britons of Strathclyde . It was passed down orally by jurists and bards and , according to tradition , only first codified during the reign of Hywel the Good in the mid-10th century . The earliest surviving manuscripts , however , are in Latin , date from the early 13th century , and show marked regional differences . The law is only known to have been revised by a few rulers ( particularly Bleddyn ap Cynfyn , who was credited with revisions retained in the kingdom of Powys ) but was obviously updated by jurists in response to changing jurisdictions and circumstances , so that the surviving manuscripts can not be considered an accurate portrayal of Hywel 's first code . Notable features of Welsh law include the collective responsibility of kindreds ( Welsh : cenedl ) for their members ; the gavelkind inheritance of land among all and only male descendants ; a status-based system of blood money ( galanas ) ; slavery and serfdom ; the inability of foreigners to naturalize earlier than the fourth generation ; and very lax treatment of divorce and legitimacy that scandalized the non-native clergy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "03f3c91aeb340663a8a0ebfe2b765dab",
"text": "Chivalric romance As a literary genre of high culture , romance or chivalric romance is a type of prose and verse narrative that was popular in the aristocratic circles of High Medieval and Early Modern Europe . They were fantastic stories about marvel-filled adventures , often of a knight-errant portrayed as having heroic qualities , who goes on a quest , yet it is `` the emphasis on love and courtly manners distinguishes it from the chanson de geste and other kinds of epic , in which masculine military heroism predominates . '' Popular literature also drew on themes of romance , but with ironic , satiric or burlesque intent . Romances reworked legends , fairy tales , and history to suit the readers ' and hearers ' tastes , but by c. 1600 they were out of fashion , and Miguel de Cervantes famously burlesqued them in his novel Don Quixote . Still , the modern image of `` medieval '' is more influenced by the romance than by any other medieval genre , and the word medieval evokes knights , distressed damsels , dragons , and other romantic tropes . Originally , romance literature was written in Old French , Anglo-Norman , Occitan , and Provençal , and later in Portuguese , in Castilian , in English , in Italian ( particularly with the Sicilian poetry ) and German . During the early 13th century , romances were increasingly written as prose . In later romances , particularly those of French origin , there is a marked tendency to emphasize themes of courtly love , such as faithfulness in adversity .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ba43724663909bdfe19b6121d9d949e7",
"text": "Tir na n-Og Award The Tir na n-Og Awards ( abbreviated TnaO ) are a set of annual children 's literary awards in Wales from 1976 . They are presented by the Welsh Books Council to the best books published during the preceding calendar year in each of three awards categories , one English-language and two Welsh-language . Their purpose is '' -LSB- to raise -RSB- the standard of children 's and young people 's books and to encourage the buying and reading of good books . '' There is no restriction to fiction or prose . Each prize is # 1,000 . The awards are named for Tír na nÓg , the `` Land of the Young '' , an otherworldly realm in Irish mythology . The English-language award honours one book with an `` authentic Welsh background '' whose original language is English . It is sponsored by the British Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals , Cymru Wales division ( CILIP/Wales ) , and presented at that association 's annual conference in May . The Welsh-language Primary Sector and Secondary Sector awards honour one book written for primary school children and one for secondary school children . They are presented at the annual Urdd National Eisteddfod , recently at the beginning of June or end of May . Since 2011 , the Welsh-language awards are co-sponsored by the Cardigan-based publisher Cymdeithas Lyfrau Ceredigion . Shortlists comprising three or four books in each awards category have been published by WBC at least from 2011 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "30b9c8bdecf411d6a5c6de20010206ba",
"text": "Knight A knight is a person granted an honorary title of knighthood by a monarch or other political leader for service to the monarch or country , especially in a military capacity . Historically , in Europe , knighthood was conferred upon mounted warriors . During the High Middle Ages , knighthood was considered a class of lower nobility . By the Late Middle Ages , the rank had become associated with the ideals of chivalry , a code of conduct for the perfect courtly Christian warrior . Often , a knight was a vassal who served as a fighter for a lord , with payment in the form of land holdings . The lords trusted the knights , who were skilled in battle on horseback . Since the early modern period , the title of knight is purely honorific , usually bestowed by a monarch , as in the British honours system , often for non-military service to the country . The modern female equivalent in the United Kingdom is Dame . Historically , the ideals of chivalry were popularized in medieval literature , especially the Matter of Britain and Matter of France , the former based on Geoffrey of Monmouth 's Historia Regum Britanniae ( History of the Kings of Britain ) which introduced the legend of King Arthur , written in the 1130s . Sir Thomas Malory 's Le Morte d'Arthur ( The Death of Arthur ) , written in 1485 , was important in defining the ideal of chivalry , which is essential to the modern concept of the knight , as an elite warrior sworn to uphold the values of faith , loyalty , courage , and honour . Furthermore , Geoffroi de Charny 's `` Book of Chivalry '' expounded upon the importance of Christian faith in every area of a knight 's life . During the Renaissance , the genre of chivalric romance became popular in literature , growing ever more idealistic and eventually giving rise to a new form of realism in literature popularised by Miguel de Cervantes ' Don Quixote . This novel explored the ideals of knighthood and their incongruity with the reality of Cervantes ' world . In the late medieval period , new methods of warfare began to render classical knights in armour obsolete , but the titles remained in many nations . Some orders of knighthood , such as the Knights Templar , have become the subject of legend ; others have disappeared into obscurity . Today , a number of orders of knighthood continue to exist in several countries , such as the English Order of the Garter , the Swedish Royal Order of the Seraphim , and the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav . Each of these orders has its own criteria for eligibility , but knighthood is generally granted by a head of state or monarch to selected persons to recognise some meritorious achievement . Knighthood in the Middle Ages was closely linked with horsemanship ( and especially the joust ) from its origins in the 12th century until its final flowering as a fashion among the high nobility in the Duchy of Burgundy in the 15th century . This linkage is reflected in the etymology of chivalry , cavalier and related terms ( see Etymology section below ) . The special prestige accorded to mounted warriors finds a parallel in the furusiyya in the Muslim world , and the Greek hippeus and Roman eques of classical antiquity .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c024d3a438a2e5fc0de97d7a4433d5ca",
"text": "Christine de Pizan Christine de Pizan ( also seen as de Pisan ; -LSB- kʁistin də pizɑ̃ -RSB- ; 1364 -- c. 1430 ) was an Italian French late medieval author . She served as a court writer for several dukes ( Louis of Orleans , Philip the Bold of Burgundy , and John the Fearless of Burgundy ) and the French royal court during the reign of Charles VI . She wrote both poetry and prose works such as biographies and books containing practical advice for women . She completed forty-one works during her 30-year career from 1399 to 1429 . She married in 1380 at the age of 15 , and was widowed 10 years later . Much of the impetus for her writing came from her need to earn a living to support her mother , a niece and her two surviving children . She spent most of her childhood and all of her adult life in Paris and then the abbey at Poissy , and wrote entirely in her adopted language , Middle French . Her early courtly poetry is marked by her knowledge of aristocratic custom and fashion of the day , particularly involving women and the practice of chivalry . Her early and later allegorical and didactic treatises reflect both autobiographical information about her life and views and also her own individualized and humanist approach to the scholastic learned tradition of mythology , legend , and history she inherited from clerical scholars and to the genres and courtly or scholastic subjects of contemporary French and Italian poets she admired . Supported and encouraged by important royal French and English patrons , she influenced 15th-century English poetry . Her success stems from a wide range of innovative writing and rhetorical techniques that critically challenged renowned writers such as Jean de Meun , author of the Romance of the Rose , which she criticized as immoral . In recent decades , Christine de Pizan 's work has been returned to prominence by the efforts of scholars such as Charity Cannon Willard , Earl Jeffrey Richards and Simone de Beauvoir . Certain scholars have argued that she should be seen as an early feminist who efficiently used language to convey that women could play an important role within society . This characterization has been challenged by other critics , who say that it is either an anachronistic use of the word or a misinterpretation of her writing and intentions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d9d1445dd0c8fddf6f0c6e1c24044e9f",
"text": "Prose Tristan The Prose Tristan is an adaptation of the Tristan and Iseult story into a long prose romance , and the first to tie the subject entirely into the arc of the Arthurian legend . It was also the first major Arthurian prose cycle commenced after the widely popular Lancelot-Grail ( Vulgate Cycle ) , which influenced especially the later portions of the Prose Tristan . According to the prologue , the first part of the book ( i.e. everything before the Grail material ) is attributed to the otherwise unknown Luce de Gat , and were probably begun between 1230 and 1235 . The work was expanded and reworked sometime after 1240 . In the epilogue , a second author names himself as `` Helie de Boron , '' asserting that he is the nephew of the first author of the Arthurian Grail cycles , poet Robert de Boron . Helie de Boron claims , like the so-called authors of the Roman de la Rose , to have picked up the story where Luce left off . Neither the biographies of the two authors , nor the claim that they had been translating the work from a Latin original are taken seriously by scholars .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "de592e967bc6f7d8e29eb17db7435a6d",
"text": "Welsh literature in English Anglo-Welsh literature and Welsh writing in English are terms used to describe works written in the English language by Welsh writers . It has been recognised as a distinctive entity only since the 20th century . The need for a separate identity for this kind of writing arose because of the parallel development of modern Welsh-language literature ; as such it is perhaps the youngest branch of English-language literature in the British Isles . Welsh writers in English have traditionally favoured the short story form over the novel for two main reasons : in a society lacking sufficient wealth to support professional writers , the amateur writer was able to spare time only for short bursts of creativity ; and , like poetry , it concentrated linguistic delight and exuberance . However , the genre did not develop in these writers much beyond its origin in rural sketches . Satire was avoided , and , since the main market was London publishers , the short stories tended to focus on the eccentricities ( as seen from a metropolitan viewpoint ) of Welsh life .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a5e612af7b64e9f39b4fc3a80532f2b5",
"text": "Goleuddydd Goleuddydd ( `` light of day '' from the Welsh golau , `` light '' , and dydd , `` day '' ) , in the Middle Welsh prose tale Culhwch ac Olwen , is the daughter of Amlawdd Wledig , and is desired by Cilydd , who marries her . She becomes pregnant with his child , but becomes mad and turns to wandering the countryside . When she is near to giving birth , her senses return , and she takes shelter with a swineherd . Frightened by the pigs , she gives birth to a boy , apparently in a pig run . The swineherd takes the baby away to be baptised as Culhwch ; he becomes the protagonist of Culhwch and Olwen . Following the birth , Goleuddydd becomes fatally ill and , before dying , exhorts her husband not to remarry until he sees a briar with two blossoms on her grave . Cilydd agrees , and Goleuddydd eventually dies . Goleuddydd orders her confessor to visit her grave every year and keep it well trimmed , lest anything should grow there . Cilydd sends an attendant to her grave every day , to look for the briar . After seven years of this , the confessor neglects his duties . One day whilst out hunting , apparently several years later , Cilydd happens upon the grave , and sees upon it a briar with two blossoms . He takes this as a sign to remarry . He kills King Doged at some point and marries his widow . Category : Welsh mythology Category : Arthurian characters Category : Welsh feminine given names",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
04b8c4411173a8e5128f546e3db3e63e
|
Cyclobenzaprine can be used to relieve some spasms.
|
[
{
"docid": "1463d47676a29c541daf266ed7b5655b",
"text": "Cyclobenzaprine Cyclobenzaprine , sold under the brand name Flexeril among others , is a muscle relaxer medication used to relieve skeletal muscle spasms and associated pain in acute musculoskeletal conditions . It is the best-studied drug for this application . It has also been used off-label for fibromyalgia treatment . As of 2015 the cost for a typical course of medication in the United States is less than .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "a8b54cfd6ab69f2fd509a8281ab05254",
"text": "Parkinson's disease Parkinson 's disease ( PD ) is a long-term degenerative disorder of the central nervous system that mainly affects the motor system . The symptoms generally come on slowly over time . Early in the disease , the most obvious are shaking , rigidity , slowness of movement , and difficulty with walking . Thinking and behavioral problems may also occur . Dementia becomes common in the advanced stages of the disease . Depression and anxiety are also common occurring in more than a third of people with PD . Other symptoms include sensory , sleep , and emotional problems . The main motor symptoms are collectively called `` parkinsonism '' , or a `` parkinsonian syndrome '' . The cause of Parkinson 's disease is generally unknown , but believed to involve both genetic and environmental factors . Those with a family member affected are more likely to get the disease themselves . There is also an increased risk in people exposed to certain pesticides and among those who have had prior head injuries while there is a reduced risk in tobacco smokers and those who drink coffee or tea . The motor symptoms of the disease result from the death of cells in the substantia nigra , a region of the midbrain . This results in not enough dopamine in these areas . The reason for this cell death is poorly understood , but involves the build-up of proteins into Lewy bodies in the neurons . Diagnosis of typical cases is mainly based on symptoms , with tests such as neuroimaging being used to rule out other diseases . There is no cure for Parkinson 's disease . Initial treatment is typically with the antiparkinson medication L-DOPA ( levodopa ) , with dopamine agonists being used once levodopa becomes less effective . As the disease progresses and neurons continue to be lost , these medications become less effective while at the same time they produce a complication marked by involuntary writhing movements . Diet and some forms of rehabilitation have shown some effectiveness at improving symptoms . Surgery to place microelectrodes for deep brain stimulation has been used to reduce motor symptoms in severe cases where drugs are ineffective . Evidence for treatments for the non-movement-related symptoms of PD , such as sleep disturbances and emotional problems , is less strong . In 2015 , PD affected 6.2 million people and resulted in about 117,400 deaths globally . Parkinson 's disease typically occurs in people over the age of 60 , of which about one percent are affected . Males are more often affected than females . When it is seen in people before the age of 50 , it is called young-onset PD . The average life expectancy following diagnosis is between 7 and 14 years . The disease is named after the English doctor James Parkinson , who published the first detailed description in An Essay on the Shaking Palsy , in 1817 . Public awareness campaigns include World Parkinson 's Day ( on the birthday of James Parkinson , 11 April ) and the use of a red tulip as the symbol of the disease . People with parkinsonism who have increased the public 's awareness of the condition include actor Michael J. Fox , Olympic cyclist Davis Phinney , and late professional boxer Muhammad Ali .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b7b90e9cdea1602419857e153cd070be",
"text": "GABA receptor antagonist GABA receptor antagonists are drugs that inhibit the action of GABA . In general these drugs produce stimulant and convulsant effects , and are mainly used for counteracting overdoses of sedative drugs . Examples include bicuculline , securinine and metrazol , and the benzodiazepine GABAA receptor antagonist flumazenil . Drugs with possible antagonistic effects include thiothixene , bupropion and caffeine . Also thujone , ginkgo biloba , kudzu and muira puama may have properties of GABAA receptor antagonism .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e3e70cd79cca7a09e0f9f8b0abf8ff52",
"text": "Drug therapy problems Drug therapy problems ( DTPs ) ( or drug related problems , DRPs ) represent the categorization and definition of clinical problems related to the use of medications or `` drugs '' in the field of pharmaceutical care . In the course of clinical practice , DTPs are often identified , prevented , and/or resolved by pharmacists in the course of medication therapy management , as experts on the safety and efficacy of medications , but other healthcare professionals may also manage DTPs . A drug-therapy ( related ) problem can be defined as an event or circumstance involving drug treatment ( pharmacotherapy ) that interferes with the optimal provision of medical care . In 1990 , L.M. Strand and her colleagues ( based on the previous work of R.L Mikeal and D.C Brodie , published respectively in 1975 and 1980 ) classified the DTPs into eight different categories . According to these categories , pharmacists generated a list of the DTPs for each patient . As a result , pharmacists had a cleaner picture of the patient 's drug therapy and medical conditions . A second publication of R.J Cipolle with L.M Strand in 1998 , change the eight categories into seven , grouped in four Pharmacotherapy needs : indication , effectiveness , safety and adherence .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "01202c1e78fddeef2da6ae3176f2d841",
"text": "Benzodiazepine Benzodiazepines ( BZD , BZs ) , sometimes called `` benzos '' , are a class of psychoactive drugs whose core chemical structure is the fusion of a benzene ring and a diazepine ring . The first such drug , chlordiazepoxide ( Librium ) , was discovered accidentally by Leo Sternbach in 1955 , and made available in 1960 by Hoffmann -- La Roche , which , since 1963 , has also marketed the benzodiazepine diazepam ( Valium ) . In 1977 benzodiazepines were globally the most prescribed medications . Benzodiazepines enhance the effect of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid ( GABA ) at the GABAA receptor , resulting in sedative , hypnotic ( sleep-inducing ) , anxiolytic ( anti-anxiety ) , anticonvulsant , and muscle relaxant properties . High doses of many shorter-acting benzodiazepines may also cause anterograde amnesia and dissociation . These properties make benzodiazepines useful in treating anxiety , insomnia , agitation , seizures , muscle spasms , alcohol withdrawal and as a premedication for medical or dental procedures . Benzodiazepines are categorized as either short - , intermediate - , or long-acting . Short - and intermediate-acting benzodiazepines are preferred for the treatment of insomnia ; longer-acting benzodiazepines are recommended for the treatment of anxiety . Benzodiazepines are generally viewed as safe and effective for short-term use , although cognitive impairment and paradoxical effects such as aggression or behavioral disinhibition occasionally occur . A minority of people can have paradoxical reactions such as worsened agitation or panic . Long-term use is controversial because of concerns about adverse psychological and physical effects , decreasing effectiveness , and physical dependence and withdrawal . As a result of adverse effects associated with the long-term use of benzodiazepines , withdrawal from benzodiazepines , in general , leads to improved physical and mental health . The elderly are at an increased risk of suffering from both short - and long-term adverse effects , and as a result , all benzodiazepines are listed in the Beers List of inappropriate medications for older adults . There is controversy concerning the safety of benzodiazepines in pregnancy . While they are not major teratogens , uncertainty remains as to whether they cause cleft palate in a small number of babies and whether neurobehavioural effects occur as a result of prenatal exposure ; they are known to cause withdrawal symptoms in the newborn . Benzodiazepines can be taken in overdoses and can cause dangerous deep unconsciousness . However , they are less toxic than their predecessors , the barbiturates , and death rarely results when a benzodiazepine is the only drug taken . When combined with other central nervous system ( CNS ) depressants such as alcoholic drinks and opioids , the potential for toxicity and fatal overdose increases . Benzodiazepines are commonly misused and taken in combination with other drugs of abuse .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "372e484e487da6249593a3419840251b",
"text": "Neurasthenia Neurasthenia is a term that was first used at least as early as 1829 to label a mechanical weakness of the actual nerves , rather than the more metaphorical `` nerves '' referred to by George Miller Beard later . As a psychopathological term , neurasthenia was used by Beard in 1869 to denote a condition with symptoms of fatigue , anxiety , headache , heart palpitations , high blood pressure , neuralgia and depressed mood . Neurasthenia is currently a diagnosis in the World Health Organization 's International Classification of Diseases ( and the Chinese Society of Psychiatry 's Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders ) . However , it is no longer included as a diagnosis in the American Psychiatric Association 's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders . Americans were said to be particularly prone to neurasthenia , which resulted in the nickname `` Americanitis '' ( popularized by William James ) . Another , rarely used , term for neurasthenia is nervosism .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "965337bdc394188576ec9a683b62e338",
"text": "Orphenadrine Orphenadrine ( sold under many brand names worldwide ) is an anticholinergic drug of the ethanolamine antihistamine class ; it is closely related to diphenhydramine . It is used to treat muscle pain and to help with motor control in Parkinson 's disease , but has largely been superseded by newer drugs . It was discovered and developed in the 1940s . As of 2015 the cost for a typical month of medication in the United States is US$ 25 to 50 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b290805c65d293fffb69125622ba1a9b",
"text": "Guanazodine Guanazodine is a sympatholytic drug .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9ea3e30fc1a5c5fbe99d8907853cf3c9",
"text": "Cebranopadol Cebranopadol ( developmental code name GRT-6005 ) is a novel opioid analgesic of the benzenoid class which is currently under development internationally by Grünenthal , a German pharmaceutical company , and its partner Depomed , a pharmaceutical company in the United States , for the treatment of a variety of different acute and chronic pain states . As of November 2014 , it is in phase III clinical trials . Cebranopadol is unique in its mechanism of action as an opioid , binding to and activating all four of the opioid receptors ; it acts as a full agonist of the nociceptin receptor ( Ki = 0.9 nM ; EC50 = 13.0 ; IA = 89 % ) , μ-opioid receptor ( Ki = 0.7 nM ; EC50 = 1.2 ; IA = 104 % ) , and δ-opioid receptor ( Ki = 18 nM ; EC50 = 110 ; IA = 105 % ) , and as a partial agonist of the κ-opioid receptor ( Ki = 2.6 nM ; EC50 = 17 ; IA = 67 % ) . The ED50 values of 0.5-5 .6 µg / kg when introduced IV & 25.1 µg / kg after oral administration . Cebranopadol shows highly potent and effective antinociceptive and antihypertensive effects in a variety of different animal models of pain . Notably , it has also been found to be more potent in models of chronic neuropathic pain than acute nociceptive pain compared to selective μ-opioid receptor agonists . Relative to morphine , tolerance to the analgesic effects of cebranopadol has been found to be delayed ( 26 days versus 11 days for complete tolerance ) . In addition , unlike morphine , cebranopadol has not been found to affect motor coordination or reduce respiration in animals at doses in or over the dosage range for analgesia . As such , it may have improved and prolonged efficaciousness and greater tolerability in comparison to currently available opioid analgesics . As an agonist of the κ-opioid receptor , cebranopadol may have the capacity to produce psychotomimetic effects , dysphoria , and other adverse reactions at sufficiently high doses , a property which could potentially limit its practical clinical dosage range .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4ffb87718d205a9739f43d07d2caf91d",
"text": "Pulled hamstring Straining of the hamstring , also known as a pulled hamstring , is defined as an excessive stretch or tear of muscle fibers and related tissues . Hamstring injuries are common in athletes participating in many sports and are very difficult to treat and rehabilitate . Track and field athletes are particularly at risk , as hamstring injuries have been estimated to make up 29 % of all injuries in sprinters . The biceps femoris long head is at the most risk for injury , possibly due to its reduced moment of knee and hip flexion as compared to the medial hamstrings . The hamstrings undergo a complex dynamic process during gait , making it unsurprising that they are frequently injured . They must first contract concentrically during the end of the stance phase in order to bend the knee and allow the foot ( along with dorsiflexion at the ankle ) to clear the ground . At the end of the swing phase the hamstrings must eccentrically contract while applying a braking moment to knee extension , then immediately change functions to again concentrically contract and produce hip extension . Studies have shown that `` the hamstring group reaches peak elongation and acts eccentrically at the hip and knee during the late swing phases of running '' and that `` the hamstrings are most active and develop the greatest torques at the hip and knee during the late swing through midstance phase of running . '' Thus , the hamstrings reach their maximum length while attempting to forcefully contract eccentrically and switch functions to immediately produce a concentric contraction , which makes the terminal part of swing phase the most vulnerable for injury . There have been many other proposed predisposing factors to injury . These include muscle weakness , muscle imbalance , poor flexibility , fatigue , inadequate warm up , poor neuromuscular control , and poor running technique . One of the few predisposing factors that most researchers agree upon however is previous hamstring injury . Brokett et al. ( 2004 ) stated that `` the athletes most at risk of a hamstring strain are those with a previous history of such injury '' and noted that 34 % of the hamstring injuries were recurrences . '' Cameron et al. also found that 34 % of injuries recur in the same season . Arnason et al. . generalized these numbers , saying that previous injury was in itself an independent risk factor for re-injury .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2faff3cfd503a8eb48eef754242772c2",
"text": "Chronic fatigue syndrome treatment Treatment of chronic fatigue syndrome ( CFS ) is variable and uncertain , and the condition is primarily managed rather than cured . Only two treatments , cognitive behavioral therapy and graded exercise therapy , have demonstrated reproducible evidence for their efficacy people with CFS who are walking . There are no Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) approved medications for ME/CFS treatment , although medications are used without approval for the illness ( off-label ) . Drugs have been used in experimental studies of the illness that have n't been approved for market for any condition in the United States ( for example , isoprinosine and rintatolimod ) . Other proposed treatments include medical treatments and alternative medicine . Even when treated , the prognosis of CFS is often poor . In one study , poor early management was reported to be a main risk factor for severe CFS ( delayed diagnosis , poor response to analgesics , physiotherapy , or alternative medicine ) , with associated variables including a poor relationship with the GP before and after diagnosis , and the involvement of a psychiatrist in initial treatment . CFS management techniques include behavioral interventions such as cognitive behavioral therapy ( CBT , a form of psychological therapy ) , and graded exercise therapy ( GET ) . Based on evidence from multiple randomized clinical trials ( RCTs ) , a systematic review published in the Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine ( October 2006 ) stated that CBT and GET interventions showed promising results , appearing to reduce symptoms and improve function . The review stated that the evidence of effectiveness was inconclusive for most other interventions , with some reporting significant adverse effects . The wide variety of outcome measures used in CFS research was found to be a `` fundamental problem '' for assessing the effectiveness of interventions in general , and no intervention has proven to be effective in restoring the ability to work . Recovery is `` rare '' even after a comprehensive rehabilitation programme .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6164cd45c2f243e1f367cf7bc2392728",
"text": "Levomepromazine Levomepromazine ( INN , BAN , USAN ) , also known as methotrimeprazine , is a phenothiazine neuroleptic drug . It is sold in many countries under the generic name ( levomepromazine ) or under brand names such as Nozinan , Levoprome , Detenler , Hirnamin , Levotomin , Neurocil and many more . It is a low-potency antipsychotic ( approximately half as potent as chlorpromazine ) with strong analgesic , hypnotic and antiemetic properties that is primarily used in palliative care . Serious side effects include tardive dyskinesia , akathisia , abnormalities in the electrical cycle of the heart , low blood pressure and the potentially fatal neuroleptic malignant syndrome . As is typical of phenothiazine antipsychotics , levomepromazine is a `` dirty drug '' , that is , it exerts its effects by blocking a variety of receptors , including adrenergic receptors , dopamine receptors , histamine receptors , muscarinic acetylcholine receptors and serotonin receptors .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f55c64a444e840e28dcc746dcd4a4ba9",
"text": "Solabegron Solabegron ( code name GW-427 ,353 ) is a drug which acts as a selective agonist for the β3 adrenergic receptor . It is being developed for the treatment of overactive bladder and irritable bowel syndrome . It has been shown to produce visceral analgesia by releasing somatostatin from adipocytes . Solabegron was discovered by GlaxoSmithKline and acquired by AltheRx in March 2011 . Solabegron relaxes the bladder smooth muscle by stimulating β3 adrenoceptors , a novel mechanism compared with older established drug treatments for overactive bladder syndrome such as the anticholinergic agents . Astellas Pharma has developed the first commercially available β3 adrenergic receptor , mirabegron , which is now licensed in Japan and the U.S. for overactive bladder . Mirabegron is not licensed for irritable bowel syndrome . A Phase II study of solabegron for overactive bladder ( OAB ) looked at 258 patients with moderate-to-severe incontinence experiencing an average of 4.5 wet episodes per day . Results demonstrated a statistically significant improvement with solabegron as compared with placebo , as measured by the percentage reduction of the number of wet episodes and the absolute number of daily voids . A Phase II study for irritable bowel syndrome ( IBS ) evaluated 102 patients with IBS . Solabegron demonstrated significant reduction in pain associated with the disorder and a trend for greater improvement in the quality of life , when compared with a placebo . Both Phase II studies indicated a tolerability profile for solabegron that was similar to placebo . The OAB patients did not suffer from dry mouth , constipation , increase in heart rate or cognitive issues ( i.e. anticholinergic effects ) . AltheRx is currently preparing to advance solabegron into a large clinical study in OAB .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4bf55515706b246862f01b360aaebc8f",
"text": "Sacral nerve stimulation Sacral nerve stimulation , also termed sacral neuromodulation , is a type of medical electrical stimulation therapy . It typically involves the implantation of a programmable stimulator subcutaneously , which delivers low amplitude electrical stimulation via a lead to the sacral nerve , usually accessed via the S3 foramen . The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved InterStim Therapy , by Medtronic , as a sacral nerve stimulator for treatment of urinary incontinence , high urinary frequency and urinary retention . Sacral nerve stimulation is also under investigation as treatment for other conditions , including constipation brought on by nerve damage due to surgical procedures . An experimental procedure for constipation in children is being conducted in Nationwide Children 's Hospital . In the event that the nerves and the brain are no longer communicating effectively , resulting in a bowel/bladder disorder , this type of treatment is designed to imitate a signal sent via the central nervous system . One of the major nerve routes is from the brain , along the spinal cord and through the back . This is commonly referred to as the sacral area . This area controls the everyday function of the pelvic floor , urethral sphincter , bladder and bowel . By stimulating the sacral nerve ( located in the lower back ) , a signal is sent that manipulates a contraction within the pelvic floor . Over time these contractions rebuild the strength of the organs and muscles within it . This effectively alleviates all symptoms of urinary/faecal disorders , and in many cases eliminates them completely .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e829edcacef57283be1f6decd0d19119",
"text": "Maropitant Maropitant ( INN , trade name Cerenia -LSB- səˈriːniə -RSB- in the U.S. and other countries ) , used as maropitant citrate ( USAN ) , is a neurokinin ( NK1 ) receptor antagonist , which was developed by Zoetis specifically for the treatment of motion sickness and vomiting in dogs . It was approved by the FDA in 2007 for use in dogs , and more recently has also been approved for use in cats . Maropitant also has anti-nociceptive ( analgesic ) properties . In a 2012 study , parenteral maropitant decreased the minimum alveolar concentration ( MAC ) of sevoflurane in a pain-response model . Epidural administration had no effect . It has also been shown to decrease the MAC of sevoflurane in a cat spay and dog spay model . Whether it has analgesic properties in awake animals remains to be proven , but anecdotal evidence indicates that it is being used for analgesia by many veterinarians .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2041e3beaeb7efaa4b42462d1861843c",
"text": "Spastic Derived via Latin from the Greek spastikos ( `` drawing in '' or `` tugging '' ) , the word spastic refers to an alteration in muscle tone affected by the medical condition spasticity , which is seen in spastic diplegia and many other forms of cerebral palsy and also in terms such as `` spastic colon '' . Colloquially , spastic can be pejorative ; though severity of this differs between the United States and the United Kingdom . In the UK `` spastic '' is considered by the general population as an offensive way to directly refer to disabled people .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "816699fa01f4a16036eb0679278fd297",
"text": "5-HT2C receptor agonist Serotonin 5-HT2 receptors are stimulated by monoamine neurotransmitters including serotonin , dopamine and norepinephrine . 5-HT2 receptor stimulation causes a buildup of intracellular inositol triphosphate and thereby an increase of cytosolic Ca2 + . 5-HT2C receptor agonists are attractive drug targets that have potential use in the treatment of a number of conditions including obesity , psychiatric disorders , sexual dysfunction and urinary incontinence . The 5-HT2C receptors are one of three subtypes that belong to the serotonin 5-HT2 receptor subfamily along with 5-HT2A and 5-HT2B receptors . The development of 5-HT2C agonists has been a major obstacle , because of severe side effects due to a lack of selectivity over 5-HT2A and 5-HT2B receptors . Activation of 5-HT2A receptors can induce hallucinations , and the activation of 5-HT2B receptors has been implicated in cardiac valvular insufficiency and possibly in pulmonary hypertension .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "401d3bf3e9ef3f7438984297d50d1e1a",
"text": "Serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor A serotonin -- norepinephrine -- dopamine reuptake inhibitor ( SNDRI ) , also known as a triple reuptake inhibitor ( TRI ) , is a type of drug that acts as a combined reuptake inhibitor of the monoamine neurotransmitters serotonin , norepinephrine , and dopamine . It does this by concomitantly inhibiting the serotonin transporter ( SERT ) , norepinephrine transporter ( NET ) , and dopamine transporter ( DAT ) , respectively . Inhibition of the reuptake of these neurotransmitters increases their extracellular concentrations and , therefore , results in an increase in serotonergic , adrenergic , and dopaminergic neurotransmission . SNDRIs were developed as potential antidepressants and treatments for other disorders , such as obesity , cocaine addiction , attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) , and chronic pain . They are an extension of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors ( SSRIs ) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors ( SNRIs ) whereby the addition of dopaminergic action is thought to have the possibility of heightening therapeutic benefit . However , increased side effects and abuse potential are potential concerns of these agents relative to their SSRI and SNRI counterparts . The SNDRIs are similar to non-selective monoamine oxidase inhibitors ( MAOIs ) such as phenelzine and tranylcypromine in that they increase the action of all three of the major monoamine neurotransmitters . They are also very similar to serotonin-norepinephrine-dopamine releasing agents ( SNDRAs ) like MDMA ( `` ecstasy '' ) and α-ethyltryptamine ( αET ) for the same reason , although they act via a different mechanism and have differing physiological and qualitative effects . One of the ways in which this is so is that SNDRIs lack the entactogenic , psychedelic , and neurotoxic effects of SNDRAs like MDMA and αET . Cocaine is a naturally occurring SNDRI with a fast onset and short duration ( about two hours ) that is widely encountered as a drug of abuse . Although their primary mechanisms of action are as NMDA receptor antagonists , ketamine and phencyclidine are also SNDRIs and are similarly encountered as drugs of abuse .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9738263bd88583eba930b2144030cdc2",
"text": "Intracavernous injection An intracavernous ( or intracavernosal , intradicular ) injection is an injection into the base of the penis . This injection site is often used to administer medications to check for or treat erectile dysfunction in adult men ( in e.g. combined intracavernous injection and stimulation test ) . The more common medications administered in this manner include Caverject , Trimix ( prostaglandin , papaverine , and phentolamine ) , Bimix ( papaverine and phentolamine ) , and Quadmix ( prostaglandin , papaverine , phentolamine , and either atropine or forskolin ) . These medications are all types of vasodilators and cause tumescence within 10-15 minutes . Common side effects include , but are not limited to , priapism , bruising , fibrosis , Peyronies , and pain . Priapism is also often treated with intracavernous injections , usually with sympathomimetic vasoconstricting drugs like adrenaline or phenylephrine .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c0a83c4f26fb30b15068cb98a2e31070",
"text": "Dextropropoxyphene Dextropropoxyphene is an analgesic in the opioid category , patented in 1955 and manufactured by Eli Lilly and Company . It is an optical isomer of levopropoxyphene . It is intended to treat mild pain and also has antitussive ( cough suppressant ) and local anaesthetic effects . The drug has been taken off the market in Europe and the US due to concerns of fatal overdoses and heart arrhythmias . Its onset of analgesia ( pain relief ) is said to be 20 -- 30 minutes and peak effects are seen about 1.5 -- 2 hours after oral administration . Dextropropoxyphene is sometimes combined with acetaminophen . Trade names include Darvocet-N and Di-Gesic , Darvon with APAP ( for dextropropoxyphene and paracetamol ) . The British approved name ( i.e. the generic name of the active ingredient ) of the paracetamol/dextropropoxyphene preparation is `` co-proxamol '' ( sold under a variety of brand names ) ; however , it has been withdrawn since 2007 , and is no longer available to new patients , with exceptions . The paracetamol combination ( s ) are known as Capadex or Di-Gesic in Australia , Lentogesic in South Africa , and Di-Antalvic in France ( unlike co-proxamol , which is an approved name , these are all brand names ) . Dextropropoxyphene is known under several synonyms , including : Alpha-d-4-dimethylamino-3-methyl-1 ,2 - diphenyl-2-butanol propionate -LSB- ( 2S ,3 S ) -4 - ( Dimethylamino ) -3 - methyl-1 ,2 - diphenylbutan-2-yl -RSB- propanoate -1,2 - Diphenyl-2-propionoxy - 3-methyl-4-di-methylaminobutane Desoxypropiophen",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6d997b21c48349c472e23bffc3bed9b7",
"text": "Beta blocker Beta blocker , also written β-blocker , is a class of medications that are particularly used to manage cardiac arrhythmias , and to protect the heart from a second heart attack ( myocardial infarction ) after a first heart attack ( secondary prevention ) . They are also widely used to treat hypertension , although they are no longer the first choice for initial treatment of most patients . Beta blockers are competitive antagonists that block the receptor sites for the endogenous catecholamines epinephrine ( adrenaline ) and norepinephrine ( noradrenaline ) on adrenergic beta receptors , of the sympathetic nervous system , which mediates the fight-or-flight response . Some block activation of all types of β-adrenergic receptors and others are selective for one of the three known types of beta receptors , designated β1 , β2 and β3 receptors . β1-adrenergic receptors are located mainly in the heart and in the kidneys . β2-adrenergic receptors are located mainly in the lungs , gastrointestinal tract , liver , uterus , vascular smooth muscle , and skeletal muscle . β3-adrenergic receptors are located in fat cells . Beta receptors are found on cells of the heart muscles , smooth muscles , airways , arteries , kidneys , and other tissues that are part of the sympathetic nervous system and lead to stress responses , especially when they are stimulated by epinephrine ( adrenaline ) . Beta blockers interfere with the binding to the receptor of epinephrine and other stress hormones , and weaken the effects of stress hormones . In 1964 , James Black synthesized the first clinically significant beta blockers -- propranolol and pronethalol ; it revolutionized the medical management of angina pectoris and is considered by many to be one of the most important contributions to clinical medicine and pharmacology of the 20th century . For the treatment of primary hypertension , meta-analyses of studies which mostly used atenolol as the beta-blocker tested have shown although beta-blockers are more effective than placebo in preventing stroke and total cardiovascular events , they are not as effective as diuretics , drugs inhibiting the renin-angiotensin system or calcium channel blockers .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
3467ea4aa60124fac64a2d98f364449e
|
The Beach Boys had under eighty songs chart the US.
|
[
{
"docid": "00ccd84c268565348f8b10a0ea271a2d",
"text": "The Beach Boys The Beach Boys are an American rock band formed in Hawthorne , California , in 1961 . The group 's original lineup consisted of brothers Brian , Dennis , and Carl Wilson ; their cousin Mike Love ; and their friend Al Jardine . Distinguished by their vocal harmonies and early surf songs , they are one of the most influential acts of the rock era . The group , led by their principal songwriter and producer Brian , pioneered novel approaches to popular music form and production , combining their affinities for jazz-based vocal groups , 1950s rock and roll , and black R&B to create their unique sound . He later arranged his compositions for studio orchestras and explored a variety of other styles , often incorporating classical or jazz elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways . The Beach Boys began as a garage band managed by the Wilsons ' father Murry , with Brian 's increasingly sophisticated songwriting and recording abilities dominating their creative direction . Emerging at the vanguard of the `` California Sound '' , they performed original material that reflected a southern California youth culture of surfing , cars , and romance . After 1964 , they abandoned the surfing aesthetic for more personal lyrics and multi-layered sounds . In 1966 , the Pet Sounds album and `` Good Vibrations '' single vaulted the group to the top level of rock innovators and established the band as symbols of the nascent counterculture era . Following the dissolution of the group 's Smile project in 1967 , Brian gradually ceded production and songwriting duties to the rest of the band , reducing his input because of mental health and substance abuse issues . The group 's public image subsequently faltered , and despite efforts to continue their psychedelic/avant-garde ventures and reclaim their hippie audiences , they were dismissed as an embodiment of the values and outlooks shared by early 1960s white , suburban teenagers . The continued success of their greatest hits albums during the mid 1970s precipitated the band 's transition into an oldies act , a move that was denigrated by critics and many fans . Since the 1980s , much-publicized legal wrangling over royalties , songwriting credits and use of the band 's name transpired . Dennis drowned in 1983 and Carl died of lung cancer in 1998 . After Carl 's death , many live configurations of the band fronted by Mike Love and Bruce Johnston continued to tour into the 2000s while other members pursued solo projects . Even though Wilson and Jardine have not performed with Love and Johnston 's band since their one-off 2012 reunion tour , they remain a part of the Beach Boys ' corporation , Brother Records Inc. . The Beach Boys are one of the most critically acclaimed , commercially successful , and widely influential bands of all time . The group had over eighty songs chart worldwide , thirty-six of them US Top 40 hits ( the most by an American rock band ) , four reaching number-one on the Billboard Hot 100 chart . The Beach Boys have sold in excess of 100 million records worldwide , making them one of the world 's best-selling bands of all time and are listed at No. 12 on Rolling Stone magazine 's 2004 list of the `` 100 Greatest Artists of All Time '' . The core quintet of the three Wilsons , Love and Jardine were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1988 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "1fa706667c83d7622ae9ce5fb1123a50",
"text": "List of Billboard 200 number-one albums of 1981 The Billboard 200 , published in Billboard magazine , is a weekly chart that ranks the 200 highest-selling music albums and EPs in the United States . Before Nielsen SoundScan began tracking sales in 1991 , Billboard estimated the sales for the album charts from a representative sampling of record stores nationwide , which was gathered by telephone , fax or messenger service . The data was based on reports from record stores , who ranked the popularity of the best-selling records but did not provide an actual sales figures .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c6dbe5556b878801f4f4f4377ded6d14",
"text": "B-Girls (band) The B-Girls were a Toronto punk rock band from the first wave of punk in the late 1970s and early 1980s . The B-Girls formed in 1977 with an all-girl line-up with Lucasta Ross ( A.K.A. Rochas ) on vocals , Renee Chetsky ( guitar ) , Xenia Holiday ( guitar ) , Cynthia Ross ( bass ) and Rhonda Ross on drums . who would later be replaced by Marcy Saddy who had briefly played with the Demics . The band had a sound that was closer to that of a 1960s Mersey Beat band than the usual loud and fast punk sound of the era which was also shown in their fashions which included go-go boots , tight leggings and matching sweaters . The band gigged heavily locally with bands like Teenage Head , The Viletones and The Poles as well as opening for The Clash and The Undertones at an infamous Massey Hall gig where a riot broke out . After getting much press attention they relocated to New Yok where they would play with Blondie , The B52 's , The Romantics , Levi and The Rockats , Niki and The Korvettes , Richard Hell , Lee Dorsey , The Cramps , Joey Ramone , Joan Jett , Johnny Thunders , The Dead Boys and even Allen Ginsberg . Cynthia Ross would become engaged for a time to Dead Boys singer Stiv Bators . In 1979 Greg Shaw , owner of Bomp ! Records signed them and recordings were made produced by Bob Segarini resulting in a single `` Fun At The Beach '' b/w `` B-Side '' which was also released in Europe . They also sang backup vocals on Blondie 's `` Autoamerican '' and Stiv Bator 's solo album . A video was shot for `` High School Dance '' ( A.K.A. `` Boys Are Drinking '' ) . Further demos were produced by Debbie Harry and Mick Jones but possible record or production deals with Bomp ! , I.R.S. Records and Phil Spector fell through . I.R.S. would instead sign the similar sounding Go-Go 's who were also fans of the B-Girls . Line up changes would lead to Lucasta leaving after the single and being replaced by Xenia moving to vocals . Rhonda having already left and been replaced by Marcy Saddy who had previously played in the London , Ontario band Demics . The reformed band carried on until 1981 before breaking up and returning to Toronto . Lucasta formed a new band called Minutes From Downtown who had a hit with `` Wrapped In Velvet '' breaking up a few years later . Marcy Saddy returned to London drumming in various bands and becoming an artist . The rest of the band dropped out of music although Cynthia Ross has since returned with a new band , New York Junk . The bands collected recordings were released in 1997 remixed by Chris Spedding in a cd entitled `` Who Says Girls Ca n't Rock '' . The members of the band are in the documentary `` The Last Pogo Jumps Again '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8bd6f0ea9581bf806b473645243a01b1",
"text": "Made in California Made in California ( 1962 -- 2012 ) is a compilation box set by the Beach Boys , released on August 27 , 2013 . The set is released through Capitol Records and is packaged in a form emulating a high school yearbook . The set contains six CDs with tracks that span the band 's entire career , including outtakes , demos , B-sides , rarities , alternate takes and versions , over 60 previously unreleased . It supersedes the theretofore career-spanning 1993 box set Good Vibrations : Thirty Years of The Beach Boys , which followed a similar premise .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d4457fc390a58a75ec42342360e27012",
"text": "Aerosmith singles discography American rock band Aerosmith has released seventy-six singles . Some of their singles have been officially released to the public , while others have been released as album cuts only to radio . Twenty-one of their songs have reached the Top 40 of the Billboard Hot 100 and the band has long been a stalwart of the Mainstream Rock Tracks chart , achieving 9 number-one hits on that chart to date . An additional twenty-eight of the band 's songs have reached the Top 40 on various charts worldwide .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3289626f6b227cd6f54e141f58132430",
"text": "Chillwave Chillwave ( originally called `` glo-fi '' or `` hypnagogic pop '' ; also `` dream-beat '' ) is a style of music characterized by a faded or dreamy retro pop sound , mellow vocals , a low-to-moderate tempo , escapist lyrics about the beach or summertime , psychedelic or lo-fi textures , effects processing ( reverb especially ) , vintage synthesizers , and other attempts to loosely emulate 1980s electronic pop aesthetics as well as engage with notions of memory and nostalgia . Sometimes regarded as a `` made-up '' genre , the movement 's vanguard was represented by Neon Indian , Washed Out , and Toro y Moi , who gained critical attention through what was termed the 2009 `` Summer of Chillwave '' . Coinciding with the economic turmoil of the late 2000s and early 2010s recession , chillwave was one of the first music genres to develop by being linked and defined through various outlets on the Internet rather than geographic location . The style draws from elements in dream pop and shoegaze , as well as the work of artists such as Panda Bear , Animal Collective , and lo-fi musician Ariel Pink . The term `` hypnagogic pop '' was coined at virtually the same time as `` chillwave '' to describe similar artists . Other elements related to drug-induced mind states and idyllic summer fantasies were drawn from the Beach Boys ' Brian Wilson . Washed Out 's 2009 track `` Feel It All Around '' remains the genre 's definitive and best-known song . The term `` chillwave '' , which originated from the satirical blog Hipster Runoff in 2009 , was ultimately criticized for being nebulous and contrived . Some artists rejected the tag , while hundreds of others exploited the style 's low-budget simplicity , one of the major reasons for its decline . Media coverage usually derided the genre 's name , its reliance on nostalgia , and the ubiquitous mention of `` the summer '' in its writings . After chillwave was the subject of much discourse on websites like Gorilla vs. Bear and Pitchfork , the movement dissipated , and the style effectively fell out of vogue . The Internet-based microgenre vaporwave would be inspired by chillwave .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c154bd17014dfb39834fa4b4bc1b31a5",
"text": "Vacation (The Go-Go's album) Vacation is the second studio album by American rock band The Go-Go 's , released in 1982 on the I.R.S. Records label . The album reached No. 8 in the Billboard 200 , and was certified Gold . The title track was a U.S. summer smash , reaching No. 8 on the Billboard pop singles chart . The Go-Go 's were riding high at the time of the album 's first release , their prospects to all outward appearances looking bright . Future problems were beginning to take shape , as the members ' drug use and internal fighting began to escalate . The single `` Vacation '' was also issued as perhaps the first cassette single ever . In addition to the title track , two more singles were pulled from the album at the time : `` Get Up and Go '' and `` This Old Feeling '' , the former of which was a minor hit ( Hot 100 No. 50 ) in the United States . The song `` Speeding '' , which is not on the album , is a Caffey/Wiedlin composition used as B-side of the single for `` Get Up and Go '' . It also appeared in the film Fast Times at Ridgemont High , as well as on the film 's soundtrack .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5762bb52953facb7a392912acf04aa0d",
"text": "Let the Wind Blow `` Let the Wind Blow '' is a song written by Brian Wilson and Mike Love for American rock band the Beach Boys . It was released in 1967 as the ninth track on their thirteenth studio album Wild Honey . The song is a ballad with lyrics that metaphorically relate nature to the essence of love . It is the first composition recorded by the group that is in 3/4 time from beginning to end .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7736ce790dc6415469b5d6e4ec4e3e75",
"text": "Jeffrey Foskett Jeffrey `` Jeff '' Foskett is an American singer , record producer , arranger and guitarist best known for his work with Brian Wilson and The Beach Boys . Foskett is described as The Beach Boys ' `` vice principal '' by its core members .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6fa888bce638b2ad3903fc1fed9357b6",
"text": "Sons of Beaches Sons of Beaches is the third album from Australian rock band Australian Crawl and their second # 1 in the Australian albums charts ( for 5 weeks ) . The album released in 1982 on EMI was recorded in Hawaii with ex-pat Mike Chapman , who had also produced Blondie and The Knack . `` Shut Down '' was the first single from Sons of Beaches and reached # 17 on the Australian Singles Chart in 1982 . It was written by drummer Bill McDonough and features lead vocals by James Reyne . The other singles , `` Daughters of the Northern Coast '' and `` Runaway Girls '' / `` Santa Claus is Back in Town '' charted poorly at # 76 and # 88 respectively .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c6775aadc77a19c3e43f77b20500eb32",
"text": "Carl Wilson Carl Dean Wilson ( December 21 , 1946 -- February 6 , 1998 ) was an American musician , singer , songwriter , and record producer who co-founded the Beach Boys . He is best remembered as their lead guitarist and as the youngest brother of bandmates Brian and Dennis Wilson . Influenced by the guitar playing of Chuck Berry and the Ventures , Carl 's initial role in the group was that of lead guitarist and backing vocals , but he performed lead vocals on several of their hits , including `` God Only Knows '' ( 1966 ) and `` Good Vibrations '' ( 1966 ) . Unlike other members of the band , he often played alongside the studio musicians employed during the group 's critical and commercial peak in the mid 1960s . After Brian began withdrawing from the group , Carl was forced to take a more active production role , and he became the band 's musical director on stage from 1965 until his death from lung cancer in 1998 . During the 1980s , he attempted to launch a solo career , releasing the albums Carl Wilson ( 1981 ) and Young Blood ( 1983 ) . Shortly before his death , he recorded material with Gerry Beckley and Robert Lamm , later released for the posthumous album Like a Brother ( 2000 ) . In 1988 , Carl was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of the Beach Boys .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8918e4ec333858c4196f43be0cb7eee0",
"text": "Feel Flows `` Feel Flows '' is a song written by Carl Wilson and Jack Rieley for American rock band the Beach Boys . It was released on their 1971 album Surf 's Up .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9f70c1d5a3279e3bdcbcf1906bcc46c0",
"text": "Good Vibrations: Thirty Years of The Beach Boys Good Vibrations : Thirty Years of The Beach Boys is a 1993 boxed set released by Capitol Records which collects tracks spanning The Beach Boys ' entire career to that point on four CDs . A fifth disc contains mostly studio session tracks , complete vocal and instrumental tracks , and rare live performances . The set also includes a car window decal . Though it never charted , Good Vibrations : Thirty Years of The Beach Boys went gold in the US just over four months after its release . The first four discs anthologize the band with mostly mono single versions , but also several demos and unreleased songs ; the tracks are organized essentially in chronological order . Included is 30 minutes of music from the 1966/1967 Smile sessions , which had never been officially released , though had been heavily bootlegged for years . In addition , there is a hidden recording at the end of Disc 1 of a young Brian Wilson singing `` Happy Birthday Four Freshmen '' to his favorite vocal group into his multi-track tape recorder in 1960 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a8b7b72fe45812806738e707e167371b",
"text": "Long Promised Road `` Long Promised Road '' is a song written by Carl Wilson and Jack Rieley for the American rock band The Beach Boys . It was first released as a single in May 1971 , and did not chart . It was then released on their 1971 album Surf 's Up , and was re-released as a single , with a different b-side , '' 'Til I Die '' , in October of the same year . This time it made it to # 89 on the Billboard Hot 100 . Aside from a few guitar parts written in the early days of the band , the song is Carl Wilson 's first composition ; he plays all of the instruments and handles the lead vocal on the track .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "37d5dea9c91a1a123f14791065757c80",
"text": "Good Boys `` Good Boys '' is a song by the American band Blondie . Released in 2003 , it was the only single to be released from their eighth studio album The Curse of Blondie . The single peaked at number 12 in the UK and was the final single from the band for eight years . The single was released as part of a two-CD set and on vinyl . CD 1 features live versions of `` Maria '' and `` Rapture '' , plus the video for `` Good Boys '' directed by Jonas Åkerlund . CD 2 featured a remix by Giorgio Moroder . The 12-inch vinyl featured remixes by Giorgio Moroder , Return To New York , and Scissor Sisters . The Australian single release coincided with the band 's 2003 tour of the country , peaking at number 37 and becoming their first top 40 hit there as a group since `` Island of Lost Souls '' in 1982 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9e8fb96d3ed5fad0a55ac786f6483187",
"text": "Greatest Hits Volume Three: Best of the Brother Years 1970–1986 Greatest Hits Volume Three : Best of the Brother Years 1970 -- 1986 is a 2000 single disc compilation by The Beach Boys and released through Capitol Records . It was released several months after its predecessors , The Greatest Hits -- Volume 1 : 20 Good Vibrations and The Greatest Hits -- Volume 2 : 20 More Good Vibrations .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "880eb377554c85df414a0e18725fcdfd",
"text": "The Endless Summer The Endless Summer is a seminal 1966 surf movie ( the initial release was in 1964 , world-wide release was 1966 ) . Filmmaker/narrator Bruce Brown follows two surfers , Mike Hynson and Robert August , on a surfing trip around the world . Despite the balmy climate of their native California , cold ocean currents make local beaches inhospitable during the winter . They travel to the coasts of Australia , New Zealand , Tahiti , Hawaii , Senegal , Ghana , Nigeria and South Africa in a quest for new surf spots and introduce locals to the sport . Other important surfers of the time , such as Miki Dora , Phil Edwards and Butch Van Artsdalen also appear . Its title comes from the idea , expressed at both the beginning and end of the film , that if one had enough time and money it would be possible to follow the summer up and down the world ( northern to southern hemisphere and back ) , making it endless . The concept of the film was born through the suggestion of a travel agent to Bruce Brown during the planning stages of the film . The travel agent suggested that the flight from Los Angeles to Cape Town , South Africa and back would cost $ 50 more than a trip circumnavigating the world . After which , Bruce came up with the idea of following the summer season by traveling up and down the world . The narrative presentation eases from the stiff and formal documentary of the 1950s and early 1960s to a more casual and fun-loving personal style filled with sly humor . The surf rock soundtrack to the film was provided by The Sandals . The `` Theme to the Endless Summer '' was written by Gaston Georis and John Blakeley of the Sandals . It has become one of the best known film themes in the surf movie genre . When the movie was first shown , it encouraged many surfers to go abroad , giving birth to the `` surf-and-travel '' culture , with prizes for finding `` uncrowded surf '' , meeting new people and riding the perfect wave . It also introduced the sport , which had become popular outside of Hawaii and the Polynesian Islands in places like California and Australia , to a broader audience . In addition , it set the style for later surf-and-travel movies , including Momentum , ( These Are ) Better Days , and Thicker Than Water .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e48b0fc7129f8b21478aeb851f62223f",
"text": "That's Not Me `` That 's Not Me '' is a song written by Brian Wilson and Tony Asher for American rock band the Beach Boys , the third track from their 1966 album Pet Sounds . It is a work influenced by psychedelic drugs that inspired Wilson to turn his attention inward and probe his deep-seated self-doubts . Wilson explained that the song `` reveals a lot about myself , just the idea that you 're going to look at yourself and say , ` Hey , now look , that 's not me , kind of square off with yourself and say ` this is me , that 's not me ' . '' It is the only track on Pet Sounds that resembles a conventional rock song . The song 's structure contains multiple key modulations and mood shifts . On its recording , Mike Love shares lead vocal with Wilson , who plays the track 's prominent , buzzing organ . Brian 's brothers Carl and Dennis also contribute guitar and drums , respectively . Other band members sing backing vocals .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "faf7bec32fa29fca03d151eb7477051f",
"text": "When I Grow Up (To Be a Man) `` When I Grow Up ( To Be a Man ) '' is a song written and composed by Brian Wilson with additional lyrics by Mike Love for the American rock band The Beach Boys . It was released on their 1965 album The Beach Boys Today ! and as a single the previous year hit number nine on the Billboard Hot 100 chart , number seven in Cash Box , number five in Variety and number three in the Associated Press/Gilbert Youth chart . It spent two weeks at number one in Canada 's national RPM chart . The B-side of the single was `` She Knows Me Too Well '' and stopped one place under the Hot 100 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "774f8cb16efe03cc095a7638df396cc9",
"text": "Checkered Flag (album) Checkered Flag is the third studio album of surf music by surf music pioneer Dick Dale and his Del-Tones , released in 1963 . This is Dale 's first entry into the `` Hot Rod '' style of surf music , which The Beach Boys , among others , were beginning to perform and record . Here the style shifts somewhat and features slightly altered beats and some added sounds to give the impression of the energy of Hot-rodding ( this is not always the case though ) . The majority of the songs on this album are titled with themes of racing and Hot-rodding . Dale 's next album Mr. Eliminator is basically a follow-up to this , featuring more surf songs of Hot-Rod nature .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aa4e9c774ac634b1f5ad2865be310446",
"text": "Fall Breaks and Back to Winter (W. Woodpecker Symphony) `` Fall Breaks and Back to Winter ( W. Woodpecker Symphony ) '' is an instrumental composed by Brian Wilson for American rock band the Beach Boys . Released in 1967 as the second track on the group 's album Smiley Smile , the composition derives from `` Fire '' -- a piece recorded by Wilson several months earlier , but left unreleased due to his paranoia .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
d0d26ce910c1cb1344d7b9e66c10d642
|
Shueisha sells its products primarily in the capital of Japan.
|
[
{
"docid": "cc9f089833897a614e035a21853c3363",
"text": "Shueisha is a Japanese book and video game publisher headquartered in Chiyoda , Tokyo , Japan . The company was founded in 1925 as the entertainment-related publishing division of Japanese publisher Shogakukan . The following year , Shueisha became a separate , independent company . Magazines published by Shueisha include Weekly Shōnen Jump , Weekly Young Jump , Non-no and Ultra Jump . Shueisha , along with Shogakukan , owns VIZ Media , which publishes manga from all three companies in North America .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "fa03adb7037f06aba7fa2e8977a56010",
"text": "Eizo or EIZO , is a manufacturer of high-end computer displays . A Japanese corporation , it was founded in March 1968 . It has its headquarters in Hakusan , Ishikawa Prefecture .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a68f571068d5865915df285550b234e8",
"text": "Alps Electric is a Japanese multinational corporation , headquartered in Tokyo , Japan , producing electronic devices , including switches , potentiometers , sensors , encoders and touchpads . The company was established in 1948 as Kataoka Electric Co. , Ltd. and changed its name to Alps Electric Co. , Ltd. in December 1964 . Since June 22 , 2012 , the President has been Toshihiro Kuriyama and Chairman is Masataka Kataoka . Alps is also well known for the Alpine brand of car audio . The Alps Electric Group has R&D , production and sales bases located in Japan and around the globe -- in the Americas , Europe , Southeast Asia , Korea , and Greater China . Since its founding , Alps Electric has supplied around 40,000 types of electronic component to over 2,000 manufacturers of home appliances , mobile devices , automobiles and industrial equipment worldwide . Alps Group comprises 84 subsidiary companies , 25 through Alps Electric , 32 through Alpine Electronics and 27 through Alps Logistics . The company is listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange and a constituent of the Nikkei 225 stock index .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "19cbad299d7f138b8ef16133d849fa7f",
"text": "Audio-Technica , is a Japanese company that designs and manufactures professional microphones , headphones , phonographic magnetic cartridges , and other audio equipment .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d6948671978441aae4fdf5debf3ef7ea",
"text": "Mainland Japan is a term to distinguish the area of Japan from its outlying territories . It was an official term in the pre-war period , distinguishing Japan and the colonies in East Asia . After the end of World War II , the term became uncommon , but still is used as an unofficial term to distinguish the area of Japan from Okinawa or Hokkaidō . The literal Japanese meaning might best be translated as inner Japan or inner lands . The term `` mainland '' is an inaccurate translation because mainland is usually the continental part of a region , as opposed to the islands . It is also somewhat confusing as Mainland Japan is defined to consist of several major islands ( Hokkaidō , Honshū , Kyūshū , Shikoku ) and many minor ones . The term mainland Japan is also sometimes used to translate Honshū , the largest island , though naichi not .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a2cadfdd0955bb4b0e950b89677fcc73",
"text": "Shunga is a Japanese term for erotic art . Most shunga are a type of ukiyo-e , usually executed in woodblock print format . While rare , there are extant erotic painted handscrolls which predate the Ukiyo-e movement . Translated literally , the Japanese word shunga means picture of spring ; `` spring '' is a common euphemism for sex . The ukiyo-e movement as a whole sought to express an idealisation of contemporary urban life and appeal to the new chōnin class . Following the aesthetics of everyday life , Edo period shunga varied widely in its depictions of sexuality . As a subset of ukiyo-e it was enjoyed by all social groups in the Edo period , despite being out of favour with the shogunate . Almost all ukiyo-e artists made shunga at some point in their careers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c48a3965e73d5b804ce13a10df415870",
"text": "Government of Japan The government of Japan is a constitutional monarchy in which the power of the Emperor is limited and is relegated primarily to ceremonial duties . As in many other states , the Government is divided into three branches : the Executive branch , the Legislative branch and the Judicial branch . The Government runs under the framework established by the Constitution of Japan , adopted in 1947 . It is a unitary state , containing forty-seven administrative divisions , with the Emperor as its head of state . His role is ceremonial and he has no powers related to Government . Instead , it is the Cabinet , composing of the Ministers of State and the Prime Minister , that directs and controls the Government . The Cabinet is the source of power of the Executive branch , and is formed by the Prime Minister , who is the head of government . He or she is designated by the National Diet and appointed to office by the Emperor . The National Diet is the legislature , the organ of the Legislative branch . It is bicameral , consisting of two houses with the House of Councillors being the upper house , and the House of Representatives being the lower house . Its members are directly elected from the people , who are the source of sovereignty . The Supreme Court and other inferior courts make up the Judicial branch , and they are independent from the executive and the legislative branches .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "33061ab815937408f504e3f7ec692954",
"text": "Albis (store) is a retail and wholesale company headquartered in Imizu , Toyama Prefecture , Japan . It is listed on the second tier of the Nagoya Stock Exchange ( code 7475 ) . The name stands for `` Active Leader with Best Information and Strategy '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "29f2d3cf60582a81905d5047d0606421",
"text": "Tourism in Tokyo Tourism in Tokyo is a major industry . In 2006 , 4.81 million foreigners and 420 million Japanese visits to Tokyo were made ; the economic value of these visits totaled 9.4 trillion yen according to the government of Tokyo . Many tourists visit the various downtowns , stores , and entertainment districts throughout the neighborhoods of the special wards of Tokyo ; particularly school children on class trips , a visit to Tokyo Tower is de rigueur . Cultural offerings include both omnipresent Japanese pop culture and associated districts such as Shibuya and Harajuku , subcultural attractions such as Studio Ghibli anime center , as well as museums like the Tokyo National Museum , which houses 37 % of the country 's artwork national treasures ( 87/233 ) . No buildings in Tokyo are World heritage sites and only the Jizo Hall of Shofuku-ji , a suburban temple , is a National treasure . Other popular attractions include the Imperial Palace , Meiji Shrine , and Sensō-ji , a popular temple . Finally , many tourists , particularly foreign tourists , visit Tsukiji Fish Market , as the time-zone difference leads to foreign visitors waking up very early local time . Access to Tokyo is provided by airports including Narita Airport , Tokyo International Airport ( Haneda , providing primarily domestic service ) , and the Shinkansen . Major hotel districts include Shinjuku and Tokyo Bay , although there are some hotels in many more districts .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "33db83708228b220ba85556d613fbbcc",
"text": "Marukawa is a Japanese manufacturer of confectioneries . Its head office is in Nishi-ku , Nagoya .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "81a2bb921d12699fe5ec578767e8b0b8",
"text": "Seikosha was a branch of the Japanese company Seiko that produced clocks , watches , shutters , computer printers and other devices . It was the root of the manufacturing companies of the Seiko Group . 1881 -- Kintarō Hattori opens the watch and jewelry shop `` K. Hattori '' ( Hattori Tokeiten in Japanese ; currently named Seiko Holdings Corporation ) in the Ginza area of Tokyo , Japan . 1892 -- Seikosha is established in Tokyo as the clock manufacturing arm of K. Hattori . 1917 -- K. Hattori becomes a company ( K. Hattori & Co. , Ltd. ) . 1937 -- The watch production division of Seikosha is split off as . 1942 -- Daiwa Kogyo , Ltd. is founded in Suwa , Nagano by Hisao Yamazaki . 1943 -- Daini Seikosha establishes a factory in Suwa for manufacturing watches with Daiwa Kogyo . 1959 -- Daiwa Kogyo and the Suwa Plant of Daini Seikosha merge to form 1961 -- Shinshu Seiki Co. , Ltd. is established as a subsidiary of Suwa Seikosha . 1970 -- Seikosha is split off from K. Hattori & Co. , Ltd. , and Seikosha Co. , Ltd. is incorporated . 1982 -- K. Hattori & Co. , Ltd. is renamed Hattori Seiko Co. , Ltd. . 1982 -- Shinshu Seiki is renamed Epson Corporation . 1983 -- Daini Seikosha is renamed Seiko Instruments & Electronics Ltd. . 1985 -- Suwa Seikosha and Epson merge to form Seiko Epson Corporation . 1990 -- Hattori Seiko Co. , Ltd. is renamed Seiko Corporation . 1996 -- Seikosha Co. , Ltd. is divided into Seiko Precision Inc. and Seiko Clock Inc. . 1997 -- Seiko Instruments & Electronics is renamed Seiko Instruments Inc. . 2007 -- Seiko Corporation is renamed Seiko Holdings Corporation . 1 October 2009 -- Seiko Instruments becomes a wholly owned subsidiary of Seiko Holdings .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d0293a9131a71644d87ce56df0dce429",
"text": "Sansei Technologies Sansei Technologies , Inc. ( formerly Sansei Yusoki Co. , Ltd. ) is a manufacturing firm based in Osaka , Japan . The company specialises in the manufacturing of amusement rides , stage equipment , and elevators .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4c90f324c0944d8dc3ca5fef6561da4c",
"text": "Nippon Yusen is one of the oldest and largest shipping companies in the world . It is a member of the Mitsubishi keiretsu . The company has its headquarters in Chiyoda , Tokyo , Japan",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fd9e90ec5d54b579c9fea0da490571c8",
"text": "List of National Treasures of Japan (archaeological materials) The term `` National Treasure '' has been used in Japan to denote cultural properties since 1897 . The definition and the criteria have changed since the introduction of the term . These archaeological materials adhere to the current definition , and have been designated national treasures since the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties came into effect on June 9 , 1951 . The items are selected by the Ministry of Education , Culture , Sports , Science and Technology based on their `` especially high historical or artistic value '' . The list presents 46 materials or sets of materials from ancient to feudal Japan , spanning a period from about 4,500 BC to 1361 AD . The actual number of items is more than 46 because groups of related objects have been combined into single entries . Most of the items have been excavated from tombs , kofun , sutra mounds or other archaeological sites . The materials are housed in museums ( 28 ) , temples ( 9 ) , shrines ( 8 ) and a university ( 1 ) in 25 cities of Japan . The Tokyo National Museum houses the greatest number of archaeological national treasures , with 6 of the 46 . The Japanese Paleolithic marks the beginning of human habitation in Japan . It is generally accepted that human settlement did not occur before 38,000 BC , although some sources suggest the date to be as early as 50,000 BC . Archaeological artifacts from the paleolithic era consist of stone tools of various types , indicative of a hunter-gatherer society . From about 14,000 to 8,000 BC , the society gradually transformed to one characterized by the creation of pottery used for storage , cooking , bone burial and possibly ceremonial purposes . People continued to subsist on hunting , fishing and gathering , but evidence points to a gradual decrease in the nomadic lifestyle . Potsherds of unornamented pottery from the oldest archaeological sites constitute some of the world 's oldest pottery . These are followed by linear-relief , punctated and nail-impressed pottery types . The first cord-marked pottery dates to 8,000 BC . Cord-marked pottery required a technique of pressing twisted cords into the clay , or by rolling cord-wrapped sticks across the clay . The Japanese definition for the period of prehistory characterized by the use of pottery is and refers to the entire period ( c. 10,500 to 300 BC ) . Pottery techniques reached their apogee during the Middle Jōmon period with the emergence of fire-flame pottery created by sculpting and carving coils of clay applied to vessel rims , resulting in a rugged appearance . A set of 57 items of fire-flame pottery , dating to around 4,500 BC , has been designated as the oldest National Treasure . Archaeologists consider that such pottery may have had a symbolic meaning or was used ceremonially . Dogū -- small clay figurines depicting humans and animals -- can be dated to the earliest Jōmon period but their prevalence increased dramatically in the middle Jōmon . Many of these depict women with exaggerated breasts and enlarged buttocks , considered to be a fertility symbol . Five dogū from 3000 to 1000 BC have been designated as National Treasures . The ensuing Yayoi period is characterized by great technological advances such as wet-rice agriculture or bronze and iron casting , which were introduced from the mainland . Iron knives and axes , followed by bronze swords , spears and mirrors , were brought to Japan from Korea and China . Later all of these were produced locally . The primary artistic artifacts , with the exception of Yayoi pottery , are bronze weapons , such as swords , halberds and dōtaku , ritual bells . The bells were often discovered in groups on a hillside buried with the weapons . They are 0.2 to tall and often decorated with geometric designs such as horizontal bands , flowing water patterns or spirals . A few bells feature the earliest Japanese depiction of people and animals . In addition ornamental jewels were found . The weapons that have been excavated are flat and thin , suggesting a symbolic use . Due to rusting , few iron objects have survived from this period . Burial mounds in square , and later round , enclosures were common in the Yayoi period . The starting date of the Kofun period ( c. 250 -- 300 AD ) is defined by the appearance of large-scale keyhole-shaped kofun mound tombs , thought to mark imperial burials . Typical burial goods include mirrors , beads , Sue ware , weapons and later horse gear . One of the most well-known tombs , whose content of warrior-related items has been designated as National Treasure , is the late 6th century Fujinoki Tomb . Mirrors , swords and curved jewels , which constitute the Imperial Regalia of Japan , appear as early as the middle Yayoi period , and are abundant in Kofun period tombs . Characteristic of most kofun are haniwa clay terra cotta figures whose origin and purpose is unknown . A haniwa of an armoured man has been designated as National Treasure ; and a 1st-century gold seal , designated a National Treasure , shows one of the earliest mentions of Japan or Wa . Buddhism arrived in Japan in the mid -- 6th century Asuka period , and was officially adopted in the wake of the Battle of Shigisan in 587 , after which Buddhist temples began to be constructed . The new religion and customs fundamentally transformed Japanese society and the arts . Funerary traditions such as cremation and the practice of placing epitaphs in graves were imported from China and Korea . Following the treatment of Buddhist relics , the cremated remains in a glass container were wrapped in a cloth and placed in an outer container . Epitaphs , which recorded the lives of the deceased on silver or bronze rectangular strips , were particularly popular from the latter half of the 7th to the end of the 8th century ( late Asuka and Nara period ) . Four epitaphs and a number of cinerary urns and reliquaries containing bones have been designated as National Treasures . Other archaeological National Treasures from the Buddhist era include ritual items buried in the temple foundations of the Golden Halls of Tōdai-ji and Kōfuku-ji in Nara . According to an ancient Buddhist prophecy , the world would enter a dark period in 1051 ; consequently in the late Heian period the belief in the saving powers of Maitreya or Miroku , the Buddha to be , became widespread . Believers buried scriptures and images to gain merit and to prepare for the coming Buddha . This practice , which continued into the Kamakura period , required the transcription of sutras according to strict ritual protocols , their placement in protective reliquary containers and burial in the earth of sacred mountains , shrines or temples to await the future Buddha . The oldest known sutra mound is that of Fujiwara no Michinaga from 1007 on Mount Kinpu , who buried one lotus sutra and five other sutras that he had written in 998 . Its sutra container has been designated as National Treasure .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2242cc33c4a2f03fb6085265003dc123",
"text": "Fujita (company) Fujita was the name of a Japanese conglomerate zaibatsu based in Osaka .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8bc8414e615b2aa7c3d8d7c681be8b91",
"text": "Shonai Bank is a Japanese regional bank that is headquartered in Tsuruoka , Yamagata Prefecture . The bank is relatively small , even among Japanese regional banks , and operates primarily in Yamagata , though it also operate branches in Sendai , Tomiya , Fukushima , Akita in neighboring prefectures , as well as in the capital of Tokyo . In a departure from traditional Japanese banking practices , Shogin , as the bank is also known , maintains full teller-supported services on the weekends and holidays at all its branches .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0d22b89bcc66caafacba0e80e621e9dd",
"text": "Niigata, Niigata is the capital and the most populous city of Niigata Prefecture , Japan . It lies on the northwest coast of Honshu , the largest island of Japan , in the Chūbu region and faces the Sea of Japan and Sado Island . , the city had an estimated population of 807,450 and a population density of 1,110 persons per km ² . The total area is 726.45 sqkm . Greater Niigata , Niigata Metropolitan Employment Area , has a GDP of US$ 43.3 billion as of 2010 . With a long history as a port town , Niigata became a free port following the Meiji Restoration . Niigata 's city government was established in 1889 . Mergers with nearby municipalities in 2005 allowed the city 's population to jump to 810,000 . The annexation of the surrounding area has also given the city the greatest rice paddy field acreage in Japan . On April 1 , 2007 , it became the first government-designated city on the Japan Sea coast of Honshu .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "11a37fb2dff2a3661acb7346355292c9",
"text": "Shugo was a title , commonly translated as `` governor '' , `` protector '' or `` constable '' , given to certain officials in feudal Japan . They were each appointed by the Shogun to oversee one or more of the provinces of Japan . The position gave way to the emergence of the daimyōs ( feudal lords ) in the late 15th century , as shugo began to claim power over lands themselves , rather than serving simply as governors on behalf of the shogunate . The post is said to have been created in 1185 , by Minamoto no Yoritomo , in order to aid the capture of Yoshitsune , with the additional motivation of extending the rule of the shogunate government throughout Japan . The shugo progressively supplanted the existing kokushi , who were appointed by the Imperial Court in Kyoto . Officially , the gokenin in each province were supposed to serve the shugo , but in practice , the relationship between them was fragile , as the gokenin were vassals of the shogun as well . Shugo often stayed for long periods in the capital , far from their province , and were sometimes appointed shugo for several provinces at the same time . In such cases , a deputy shugo , or shugodai , was appointed . Over time , the powers of some shugo grew considerably . Around the time of the Ōnin War ( 1467 -- 1477 ) , conflicts between shugo became common . Some shugo lost their powers to subordinates such as the shugodai , while others strengthened their grip on their territories . As a result , at the end of the 15th century , the beginning of the Sengoku period , the power in the country was divided amongst lords of various kinds ( shugo , shugodai , and others ) , who came to be called daimyōs .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ae2f792e0e5eed218621cf5f4900782b",
"text": "Miyazaki, Miyazaki is the capital city of Miyazaki Prefecture on the island of Kyushu in Japan . Located on the coast and crossed by several rivers , Miyazaki City enjoys scenic views of both ocean and nearby , verdant mountains . A popular resort destination for Japanese tourists , the city offers many attractions , including the SeaGaia event center ( though the indoor ocean facility is no longer operational ) , the Phoenix Zoo , and many large hotels and onsens ( public baths ) . The city is the primary shopping destination for eastern Kyushu residents in smaller towns around the prefecture . The city was founded on April 1 , 1924 . As of this merger ( but with 2003 population estimates ) , the city has an estimated population of 365,311 and a population density of 612 persons per km ² . The total area is 596.68 km ² . As of December 2010 , the current population is 399,834 . Miyazaki Airport and Miyazaki seaport serve the city .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c5f91a9eb64f544b67f5bac3e4dd377a",
"text": "Mass media in Saitama Prefecture This article lists and describes the features of mass media based in Saitama Prefecture of Japan . Most are based in the capital and most populous city Saitama City 's Urawa ward . Unless mentioned otherwise the language is Japanese . Like other parts of Kantō region incorporating the Greater Tokyo Area , media based in Tokyo dominate the attention of the residents . Tokyo 's major radio and television stations are licensed to cover the whole Kantō region . See Japanese media for them . They have larger readership or rates than the locally based media .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "30fb7401bacc47d940d3e3929fc8a78e",
"text": "Hokkaido dialects The , commonly called , originate in relatively recent settlement from mainland Japan . The greater part of Hokkaidō was settled from a mix of areas , especially the Tōhoku and Hokuriku regions , from the Meiji period onwards , so that various Japanese dialects became mixed together on Hokkaidō . The relationship of Hokkaidō dialect to the rest of Japanese -- and whether there even is a coherent Hokkaidō dialect -- are the subject of debate . Shibata ( 2003 ) mentions three theories : Inland varieties are part of the Kantō dialect , while coastal varieties are part of the Tōhoku dialect There is a single Hokkaidō dialect , which is a distinct branch of Eastern Japanese There is a Hokkaidō dialect , but it descends from Niigata dialect ( one of the Tōkai -- Tōsan dialects ) , a transitional form with Western Japanese features . Tōhoku influence is strongest in coastal areas , especially on the Oshima Peninsula in the south , where the local variety is commonly called . The urban dialect of Sapporo is quite close to Standard Japanese . Western features may have been brought by merchants from Kansai and Hokuriku following the Kitamaebune ( `` northern-bound ships '' ) trading route . Also spoken on Hokkaidō is the Ainu language , which was in wide use there before Japanese settlement and still has a few elderly speakers .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
4c35598aeada484d34c55f893f1d137e
|
Oh Yeon-seo is an actress.
|
[
{
"docid": "805a92a96aa6352a3c8b19b525f495c1",
"text": "Oh Yeon-seo Oh Yeon-seo ( born Oh Haet-nim , on June 22 , 1987 ) , is a South Korean actress and former member of South Korean girl group , LUV . She is best known for her roles in television dramas My Husband Got a Family ( 2012 ) , Jang Bo-ri is Here ! ( 2014 ) , Shine or Go Crazy ( 2015 ) and Please Come Back , Mister ( 2016 ) .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "c74ff415e3be0bc5f881a82d793576a8",
"text": "Song Ji-hyo Cheon Soo-yeon ( born Cheon Seong-im ; born August 15 , 1981 ) , better known by her stage name Song Ji-hyo , is a South Korean actress and model . She made her acting debut in Wishing Stairs ( 2003 ) , one of Whispering Corridors film series . She then received further recognition for her roles in Princess Hours ( 2006 ) , Jumong ( 2007 ) , A Frozen Flower ( 2008 ) , New World ( 2013 ) , Emergency Couple ( 2014 ) , and My Wife 's Having an Affair this Week ( 2016 ) . Besides acting , Song is also known for being one of the members of the South Korean variety show Running Man .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "44a50aead83524cf2ec389b5687452bb",
"text": "Sun-ok Sun-ok , also spelled Soon-ok , is a Korean feminine given name . Its meaning differs based on the hanja used to write each syllable of the name . There are 31 hanja with the reading `` sun '' and five hanja with the reading `` ok '' on the South Korean government 's official list of hanja which may be registered for use in given names . People with this name include : Kim Sun-ok ( 1917 -- 1995 ) , South Korean traditional musician Lee Soon-ok ( born 1947 ) , North Korean defector and former political prisoner Jeong Sun-ok ( born 1955 ) , South Korean former volleyball player Lee Soon-ok ( volleyball ) ( born 1955 ) , South Korean former volleyball player Kim Soon-ok ( born 1971 ) , South Korean screenwriter Jung Soon-ok ( born 1983 ) , South Korean long jumper",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "45aa685dc9caf4e0c8aecbe91f363275",
"text": "Choi Song-hyun Choi Song-hyun ( born April 11 , 1982 ) is a South Korean actress . Choi began her television career as a KBS announcer in 2006 , then she resigned from the network in 2008 to focus on acting . She has since starred in films and television dramas such as Insadong Scandal ( 2009 ) , Mrs. Town ( 2009 ) , Prosecutor Princess ( 2010 ) , and I Need Romance ( 2011 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7db169c7b13b46fee7bc1fdbd0cb2b29",
"text": "Lee Seung-yeon Lee Seung-yeon ( born August 18 , 1968 ) is a South Korean actress and talk show host .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2e9232ab21ec1cf56dc1b3331d41306a",
"text": "Shin Hye-sun Shin Hye-sun ( born August 31 , 1989 ) is a South Korean actress . She is known for playing the role of Kang Eun-hee in Oh My Ghostess , Han Seol in She Was Pretty , Cha Si-Ah in The Legend of the Blue Sea and Lee Yeon-tae in Five Enough .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9e51086231c4bb6c73d926b3d75555e9",
"text": "Jung So-min Jung So-min ( born Kim Yoon-ji on March 16 , 1989 ) is a South Korean actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a20404e9bdfd94c9b3ae1ab854e1ddcf",
"text": "Hee-kyung Hee-kyung , also spelled Hui-gyeong or Hi-kyung , is a Korean unisex given name . The meaning differs based on the hanja used to write each syllable of the name . There are 25 hanja with the reading `` hee '' and 54 hanja with the reading `` kyung '' on the South Korean government 's official list of hanja which may be registered for use in given names . People with this name include : Artists and writers Song Hui-gyeong ( 1376 -- 1446 ) , Joseon Dynasty male scholar and official Hi Kyung Kim ( born 1954 ) , South Korean female composer Eun Hee-kyung ( born 1959 ) , South Korean female writer Film and television personalities Yang Hee-kyung ( born 1954 ) , South Korean actress Moon Hee-kyung ( born 1965 ) , South Korean actress Noh Hee-kyung ( born 1966 ) , South Korean female television writer Jin Hee-kyung ( born 1968 ) , South Korean actress Sportspeople Jae Hee-kyung ( born 1969 ) , South Korean male volleyball player Wang Hee-kyung ( born 1970 ) , South Korean female archer Park Hui-gyeong ( born 1976 ) , South Korean male fencer who competed in the 2004 Olympics Kim Hee-kyung ( born 1978 ) , South Korean female volleyball player Seo Hee-kyung ( born 1986 ) , South Korean female professional golfer",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "024513f14edff7bc17898d3ad22d0c25",
"text": "Han Ye-seul Han Ye-seul ( born Leslie Kim on 18 September 1981 ) is an American-born South Korean actress . She made her acting debut in the sitcom Nonstop 4 ( 2003 ) , and has since played leading roles in television dramas such as Couple or Trouble ( 2006 ) , Tazza ( 2008 ) , and Birth of a Beauty ( 2014 ) , as well as the films Miss Gold Digger ( 2007 ) and Penny Pinchers ( 2011 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e16a1cbf4242a910e7e0ea43eec6362c",
"text": "Seo Ji-seok Seo Ji-seok ( ; sometimes romanised as Suh Ji-suk ; born Seo Jong-wook , 서종욱 , 9 September 1981 ) is a South Korean actor . He is known for his role of Park Yoon-hoo in the 167-episode KBS-1 TV daily drama Pure in Heart , a.k.a. Pure 19 , broadcast from 22 May 2006 to 12 January 2007 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a73cbaf3e2d3ea24416f8dd8825f1d7b",
"text": "Hye-su Hye-su , also spelled Hye-soo , is a Korean feminine given name . Its meaning depends on the hanja used to write each syllable of the name . There are 16 hanja with the reading `` hye '' and 67 hanja with the reading `` su '' on the South Korean government 's official list of hanja which may be registered for use in given names . People with this name include : Kim Hye-soo ( born 1970 ) , South Korean actress Park Hye-soo ( born 1994 ) , South Korean actress Fictional characters with this name include : Yeo Hye-su , in 2001 South Korean film Bungee Jumping of Their Own",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f90423a0cc7e56cdd4a0c29a5bf9fd38",
"text": "Jung Hye-sun Jung Hye-sun ( born Jung Young-ja ; February 21 , 1942 ) is a South Korean actress . Jung made her entertainment debut as a voice actress with the KBS Daejeon Radio in 1960 , then began acting onscreen through the first KBS public audition in 1961 . She has been active in Korean film , television and theater for more than five decades .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "24bba79ed9a4b53c66ffb7ce9d030ec3",
"text": "Re-encounter Re-encounter ( ; lit . `` Hye-hwa , Child '' ) is a 2011 South Korean indie film written and directed by Min Yong-keun . Starring Yoo Da-in and Yoo Yeon-seok , it is a coming of age story about two young people who fall in love but lose contact when the girl becomes pregnant and the boy leaves her to go to Canada ; they meet again after five years to look for their child , who they believe has been adopted . It premiered at the 15th Busan International Film Festival in 2010 , and was released in theaters on February 17 , 2011 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fe4294ade41f628e565c1e05388ec1db",
"text": "Go Ah-sung Go Ah-sung ( born 10 August 1992 ) is a South Korean actress . She began her career as a child actress , notably in 2006 top-grossing blockbuster The Host . This was followed by major roles in Snowpiercer ( 2013 ) , Thread of Lies ( 2014 ) and Office ( 2015 ) , as well as the TV dramas Master of Study ( 2010 ) and Heard It Through the Grapevine ( 2015 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "922860b5240001e7f5539d7b0df40bbf",
"text": "Yoo Eun-mi Yoo Eun-mi ( born March 9 , 2004 ) is a South Korean actress . She began her career as a child actress in television dramas such as Jang Bo-ri is Here ! ( 2013 ) and the film The Fatal Encounter ( 2014 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "65a3fdbcee391ec9c7ced360001facdd",
"text": "Eun-ju Eun-ju , also spelled Eun-joo or Un-ju , is a Korean feminine given name . It was the sixth-most popular name for baby girls born in South Korea in 1970 . The meaning differs based on the hanja used to write each syllable of the name . There are 26 hanja with the reading `` eun '' and 56 hanja with the reading `` ju '' on the South Korean government 's official list of hanja which may be used in given names . People with this name include : Sportspeople Lee Eun-ju ( sport shooter ) ( born 1970 ) , South Korean sport shooter Ha Eun-ju ( born 1986 ) , South Korean swimmer Jung Eun-ju ( born 1988 ) , South Korean short track speed skater Kim Un-ju ( born 1989 ) , North Korean weightlifter Son Eun-ju ( born 1990 ) , South Korean track cyclist Choe Un-ju ( born 1991 ) , North Korean football player Kim Un-ju ( footballer , born 1992 ) , North Korean footballer Kim Un-ju ( footballer , born 1993 ) , North Korean footballer Kang Un-ju ( born 1995 ) , North Korean recurve archer Lee Eun-ju ( gymnast ) ( born 1999 ) , South Korean gymnast Entertainers Lee Eun-ju ( 1980 -- 2005 ) , South Korean actress Cho Eun-ju ( born 1983 ) , South Korean beauty pageant titleholder Go Joon-hee ( born Kim Eun-joo , 1985 ) , South Korean actress Jung Hye-sung ( born Jung Eun-joo , 1991 ) , South Korean actress Chyung Eun-ju ( born 1993 ) , South Korean beauty pageant titleholder Other Michelle Eunjoo Park Steel ( born 1955 ) , South Korean-born American politician Eliza Yang ( Korean name Yang Eunju ) , American writer of Korean descent Fictional characters with this name include : Kim Eun-joo , in 2000 South Korean film Il Mare Heo Eun-joo , in 2003 South Korean film A Tale of Two Sisters Kim Eun-joo , in 2012 South Korean television series Missing You",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "27223573e395f20966e8b9c84660eb54",
"text": "Yeon Min-ji Lee Min-ji ( born May 14 , 1984 ) , better known as stage name Yeon Min-ji , is a South Korean actress and singer . She is also active in Japanese entertainment under the mononym .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f548f080aea1dc20d4ac6ff46419609b",
"text": "Min-jung (name) Min-jung , also spelled Min-jeong , is a Korean feminine given name . The meaning differs based on the hanja used to write each syllable of the name . There are 27 hanja with the reading `` min '' and 75 hanja with the reading `` jung '' on the South Korean government 's official list of hanja which may be used in given names . People with this name include : Entertainers Yeo Min-jeong ( voice actress ) ( fl . 2000s ) , South Korean voice actress Seo Min-jung ( born 1979 ) , South Korean actress Lee Min-jung ( born 1982 ) , South Korean actress Kim Min-jung ( actress ) ( born 1982 ) , South Korean actress Han Yeo-reum ( born 1983 ) , stage name Seo Min-jeong , South Korean actress Sportspeople Ku Min-jung ( born 1973 ) , South Korean volleyball player Kim Min-jung ( speed skater ) ( born 1985 ) , South Korean speed skater Kim Min-jung ( badminton ) ( born 1986 ) , South Korean badminton player Kwak Min-jeong ( born 1994 ) , South Korean figure skater Kim Min-jung ( sport shooter ) ( born 1997 ) , South Korean sport shooter Choi Min-jeong ( born 1998 ) , South Korean short track speed skater Other Michael Yang ( born Yang Min-jeong , 1962 ) , South Korean-born American entrepreneur Mina Cheon ( born Cheon Min-jeong , 1973 ) , South Korean-born American new media artist",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "84de11453a28fc520d78f7a01a3e4232",
"text": "My Rosy Life My Rosy Life is a 2005 South Korean television drama series starring Choi Jin-sil , Son Hyun-joo , and Lee Tae-ran . It aired on KBS2 from August 24 to November 10 , 2005 on Wednesdays and Thursdays at 21:55 for 24 episodes . My Rosy Life was a huge hit , with average viewership ratings of 34.2 % , and reaching 47 % at its peak . It was the second top-rated Korean drama of 2005 ( next to MBC 's My Lovely Sam Soon ) , and was the highest rated among all the KBS dramas aired that year . It is especially notable for the much-praised performance of lead actress Choi Jin-sil . Playing the role of a deserted wife who later discovers that she has cancer , My Rosy Life resurrected Choi 's career . Widely known as `` Korea 's Sweetheart '' in her 15-year acting career , Choi 's image as the eternal girl next door was destroyed in 2004 after her acrimonious and highly publicized divorce from baseball player Cho Sung-min , and industry insiders predicted that her career was over . But Choi made a successful comeback in My Rosy Life , as she reinvented herself as a more approachable `` ajumma '' ( the Korean term for a middle-aged married woman ) , gaining six kilograms for the role . The pain and suffering of Choi 's character blurred the line between reality and fiction , and her performance aroused empathy from TV audiences ; with My Rosy Life , she received the best reviews of her career from viewers and critics alike . The cast received acting recognition at the year-end KBS Drama Awards , winning nine awards combined , including Top Excellence Awards for Choi Jin-sil and Kim Hae-sook , and an Excellence Award for Son Hyun-joo . At the Baeksang Arts Awards in 2006 , Choi also won Best Actress in a TV Drama , as did Kim Jong-chang for Best TV Director .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3b804a3b3e75b9063867271b2de1e414",
"text": "Seohyun Seo Ju-hyun ( born June 28 , 1991 ) , known professionally as Seohyun , is a South Korean singer and actress . She debuted as a member of girl group Girls ' Generation ( and later its subgroup TTS ) in August 2007 , who went on to be one of the best-selling artists in South Korea and one of South Korea 's most popular girl groups worldwide . Apart from her group 's activities , she has established herself as an actress , notably through her participation in the original and Korean versions of stage musicals including Moon Embracing the Sun , Gone with the Wind and Mamma Mia . She also starred in the drama `` Moon Lovers : Scarlet Heart Ryeo '' . She debuted as a solo artist with her debut mini album , Do n't Say No , on January 17 , 2017 , making her the third Girls ' Generation member to debut as a solo artist .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7dbf3f57920202654f3d6440f4a0865e",
"text": "Kim Hye-ok Kim Hye-ok ( born May 9 , 1958 ) is a South Korean actress .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
7f77149524549a45462c448d6825a3be
|
Family Guy is incapable of being a television show.
|
[
{
"docid": "b6bae111061817be35786c74f832e91a",
"text": "Family Guy Family Guy is an American adult animated sitcom created by Seth MacFarlane for the Fox Broadcasting Company . The series centers on the Griffins , a family consisting of parents Peter and Lois ; their children Meg , Chris , and Stewie ; and their anthropomorphic pet dog Brian . The show is set in the fictional city of Quahog , Rhode Island , and exhibits much of its humor in the form of cutaway gags that often lampoon American culture . The family was conceived by MacFarlane after developing two animated films , The Life of Larry and Larry & Steve . MacFarlane redesigned the films ' protagonist , Larry , and his dog , Steve , and renamed them Peter and Brian , respectively . MacFarlane pitched a seven-minute pilot to Fox in 1998 , and the show was greenlit and began production . Shortly after the third season of Family Guy had aired in 2002 , Fox canceled the series , with one episode left unaired . Adult Swim burned off the episode in 2003 , finishing the series ' original run . However , favorable DVD sales and high ratings for syndicated reruns on Adult Swim convinced the network to renew the show in 2004 for a fourth season , which began airing on May 1 , 2005 . Since its debut on January 31 , 1999 , episodes of Family Guy have been broadcast . Its fifteenth season began on September 25 , 2016 . Family Guy has been nominated for 12 Primetime Emmy Awards and 11 Annie Awards , and has won three of each . In 2009 , it was nominated for an Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series , the first time an animated series was nominated for the award since The Flintstones in 1961 . Family Guy has also received criticism , including unfavorable comparisons to The Simpsons . Many tie-in media have been released , including Stewie Griffin : The Untold Story , a straight-to-DVD special released in 2005 ; Family Guy : Live in Vegas , a soundtrack-DVD combo released in 2005 , featuring music from the show as well as original music created by MacFarlane and Walter Murphy ; a video game and pinball machine , released in 2006 and 2007 , respectively ; since 2005 , six books published by Harper Adult based on the Family Guy universe ; and Laugh It Up , Fuzzball : The Family Guy Trilogy ( 2010 ) , a series of parodies of the original Star Wars trilogy . In 2008 , MacFarlane confirmed that the cast was interested in producing a feature film and that he was working on a story for a film adaptation . A spin-off series , The Cleveland Show , featuring Cleveland Brown , aired from September 27 , 2009 , to May 19 , 2013 . `` The Simpsons Guy '' , a crossover episode with The Simpsons , aired on September 28 , 2014 . Family Guy is a joint production by Fuzzy Door Productions and 20th Century Fox Television and syndicated by 20th Television . In 2013 , TV Guide ranked Family Guy the ninth Greatest TV Cartoon of All Time . Family Guy premiered for a fifteenth season on September 25 , 2016 . A sixteenth season was silently renewed by Fox in May 2017 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "991be10101e1fb45c30020721887ed53",
"text": "Airport '07 `` Airport ' 07 '' is the twelfth episode of season five of the animated sitcom Family Guy . The episode originally broadcast on Fox on March 4 , 2007 . The plot follows the Griffin family 's neighbor Quagmire being dismissed from his job as a pilot after Peter sabotages his airplane by emptying the fuel tank , causing it to crash . Peter , Joe and Cleveland make a plan to get Quagmire his job back and , although the plan itself fails , Quagmire is re-hired . Written by Tom Devanney and directed by John Holmquist , the episode received mostly positive reviews from critics . According to Nielsen ratings , it was watched by 8.59 million households in its original airing . The episode featured guest performances by Barclay DeVeau , Hugh Hefner , Phil LaMarr , Rachael MacFarlane and Fred Tatasciore , along with several recurring guest voice actors from the series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "25753ce636d43fd8e5f8f2413a880a1d",
"text": "The Juice Is Loose `` The Juice Is Loose '' is the ninth episode of the seventh season of the American animated television series Family Guy . It originally aired on Fox in the United States on March 15 , 2009 . In the episode , Peter cashes in an old raffle ticket from 1989 and wins a golf outing with O. J. Simpson . When he befriends Simpson and brings him home to meet the family , the residents of Quahog are not as welcoming of the infamous running back and try to force him out of town . The episode was written by Andrew Goldberg and directed by Cyndi Tang . According to Nielsen ratings , the episode was viewed in 7.21 million homes in its original airing . The episode received negative reviews for its use of a three-minute long live-action segment of Conway Twitty . Series regular Mike Henry provided the voice of O.J. Simpson , Cathy Cahlin Ryan guest starred as Fred Goldman 's wife in a cutaway , and Jeff Bergman guest starred as a parody of Homer Simpson .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7715c6d2158d1664e14b3fe0bf7fe7b7",
"text": "The Simpsons The Simpsons is an American animated sitcom created by Matt Groening for the Fox Broadcasting Company . The series is a satirical depiction of working-class life epitomized by the Simpson family , which consists of Homer , Marge , Bart , Lisa , and Maggie . The show is set in the fictional town of Springfield and parodies American culture , society , television , and the human condition . The family was conceived by Groening shortly before a solicitation for a series of animated shorts with producer James L. Brooks . Groening created a dysfunctional family and named the characters after members of his own family , substituting Bart for his own name . The shorts became a part of The Tracey Ullman Show on April 19 , 1987 . After a three-season run , the sketch was developed into a half-hour prime time show and became an early hit for Fox , becoming the network 's first series to land in the Top 30 ratings in a season ( 1989 -- 90 ) . Since its debut on December 17 , 1989 , episodes of The Simpsons have been broadcast . Its 28th season began on September 25 , 2016 . It is the longest-running American sitcom and the longest-running American animated program , and , in 2009 , it surpassed Gunsmoke as the longest-running American scripted primetime television series . The Simpsons Movie , a feature-length film , was released in theaters worldwide on July 27 , 2007 , and grossed over $ 527 million . On November 4 , 2016 , the series was renewed for a twenty-ninth and thirtieth season of 22 episodes each , extending the show to 2019 . The Simpsons received widespread critical acclaim throughout its first nine seasons , which are generally considered its `` Golden Age '' . Time named it the 20th century 's best television series , and Erik Adams of The A.V. Club named it `` television 's crowning achievement regardless of format '' . On January 14 , 2000 , the Simpson family was awarded a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame . It has won dozens of awards since it debuted as a series , including 31 Primetime Emmy Awards , 30 Annie Awards , and a Peabody Award . Homer 's exclamatory catchphrase `` D'oh ! '' has been adopted into the English language , while The Simpsons has influenced many adult-oriented animated sitcoms . Despite this , the show has also been criticized for what many perceive as a decline in quality over the years .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9d26dc4cbba5d9de7753efce0693c3fe",
"text": "Queer Eye Queer Eye is an American reality television series that premiered on the cable television network Bravo during July 2003 . The program 's original name Queer Eye for the Straight Guy was changed after the third season to generalize the scope of its content . The series was created by executive producers David Collins and Michael Williams along with their producing partner David Metzler ; it was produced by their production company , Scout Productions . The series is premised on and uses the stereotypes that homosexual ( `` queer '' ) men are superior in matters of fashion , style , personal grooming , interior design and culture . In each episode , the team of five homosexual men known collectively as the `` Fab Five '' perform a `` makeover '' ( in the parlance of the show , a `` make-better '' ) on a person , usually a heterosexual ( `` straight '' ) man , revamping his wardrobe , redecorating his home and offering advice on grooming , lifestyle and food . Queer Eye for the Straight Guy debuted during 2003 , and quickly became a surprise success . The success of the series resulted in merchandising , franchising of the concept internationally , and a woman-oriented spin-off , Queer Eye for the Straight Girl . Queer Eye won an Emmy Award for Outstanding Reality Program during 2004 . The series ' name was abbreviated to Queer Eye at the beginning of its third season to represent the show 's change from making over only heterosexual men to including women and homosexual men . Queer Eye ended production during 2006 June and the final ten episodes were broadcast during October 2007 . The series ended October 30 . During September 2008 , the Fine Living Network briefly aired Queer Eye in syndication . On January 24 , 2017 , Netflix announced it has ordered a new season of Queer Eye with eight episodes , with the original Fab Five set to be replaced by new members .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aaf5180af00175c19a3a7f29197175ac",
"text": "Roger (American Dad!) Roger Smith ( born Wogir ) is a fictional character in the adult animated sitcom American Dad ! , voiced by Seth MacFarlane . The character was created and designed by Seth MacFarlane . Roger is a centuries-old grey space alien living with the Smith family , around whom the show revolves . Having lived on Earth since 1947 , at the age of 1600 , Roger came to live with the Smiths after rescuing main character Stan Smith at Area 51 four years prior to the beginning of the series . Roger began the series as a sensitive pushover who is often taken advantage of , cheated , and ridiculed . Over time , the character has become increasingly cruel , selfish , devious , and depraved , although the Smith family are curiously oblivious to his nature . In early episodes of the show , Roger is disallowed from leaving the Smith house in order to conceal his being an alien . This restriction is soon abandoned and Roger begins adopting disguises and fictitious personas in order to have a life outside the house . Roger 's personas have become a major plot device , with his myriad alter egos frequently being the subject or facilitator of an episode 's main story or subplot . This also helps to amplify his pansexuality and androgynous nature , which varies dependent on the plot situation and persona he has adopted . Aside from catalyzing the plot or subplot with his various personas , and despite his increasingly evident self-interest , he often serves to counsel the show 's main characters , by humorously affirming or bluntly disregarding their opinions . When voicing the character , MacFarlane speaks in a swish accent intended to resemble Paul Lynde ( who played Uncle Arthur in Bewitched ) . In 2014 , Roger was voted `` Gayest Cartoon Character of All Time '' in a first-ever March Madness style competition held by Logo TV .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0daf0950f7d4d3fe52a8fbe936c4b18f",
"text": "Taipei Family Taipei Family is a Taiwanese sitcom about antics of two families living together in the same apartment dealing with issues such as love and friendship . `` Taipei Family '' is considered to be a Taiwanese version of the hit series Family Guy . There are similarities that can be compared such as a lazy father , a loud wife , and strange daydreaming sequences that mocks Taiwan history . This is more of a `` traditional '' Taiwanese sitcom , such as a loud ( and obtrusive ) laughter track , and cartoon-like sound effects based on the character 's facial expressions . Most of the show focuses on its dialog filled with deadpan humor . Category : Taiwanese drama television series Category : Sitcoms",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7f054968a67a4d50aed811bd0b6c5bfc",
"text": "South Park (season 13) The thirteenth season of South Park , an American animated television comedy series , originally aired in the United States on Comedy Central between March 11 and November 18 , 2009 . The season was headed by the series creators Trey Parker and Matt Stone , who served as executive producers along with Anne Garefino . The season continued to focus on the exploits of protagonists Stan , Kyle , Cartman , Kenny and Butters in the fictional Colorado mountain town of South Park . The season was the first of three new seasons Parker and Stone agreed to produce for the network under a renewal deal . It consisted of fourteen 22-minute episodes , which aired in two groups of seven episodes separated by a six-month gap . Prior to the season 's premiere , all South Park episodes were made available for free viewing on the official series website , South Park Studios . The 13th season was the first to be broadcast in high definition and in widescreen . Continuing their practice from previous seasons , Parker and Stone wrote and produced each episode within the week before its broadcast date . The 13th season satirized such topics as the ACORN scandal , Japanese whaling , piracy in Somalia and the marketing tactics of the Walt Disney Company . Celebrities were spoofed throughout the season , including the Jonas Brothers , Kanye West , Carlos Mencia , Paul Watson and Glenn Beck , all of whom publicly responded to their portrayals . The episode `` Fishsticks '' attracted particular media attention due to rapper Kanye West 's declaration that its jokes about his arrogance were funny but hurt his feelings . `` The F Word '' , in which the central characters attempt to change the definition of the word `` fag '' , was especially controversial and prompted complaints from the Gay & Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation . A broadcast of `` Pinewood Derby '' in Mexico was pulled , allegedly due to its depiction of Mexican President Felipe Calderón . `` Fatbeard '' was praised by the crew of the USS Bainbridge , which was involved in the 2009 rescue of the MV Maersk Alabama from Somali pirates . The 13th season received mixed reviews : some critics called it one of South Park 's strongest seasons , while others claimed the series was starting to decline in quality . The season maintained the average Nielsen rating viewership for the series , around 3 million viewers per episode . The episode `` Margaritaville '' , which satirized the global recession then affecting much of the industrialized world , won the 2009 Emmy Award for Outstanding Animated Program ( for Programming Less Than One Hour ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1c2c996a0a0546bbae2bda7246b647a5",
"text": "When You Wish Upon a Weinstein `` When You Wish Upon a Weinstein '' is the twenty-second episode of Family Guys third season , and the original series finale . It originally aired on Cartoon Network 's Adult Swim on November 9 , 2003 , and on Fox on December 10 , 2004 . In the episode , Peter prays for a Jew to help him with his financial woes . After befriending a Jewish accountant , Max Weinstein , and discovering the wonders of their religion , Peter gets the idea of converting Chris to Judaism so he will be successful in life . Lois attempts to stop him , believing that success is not based on religion . `` When You Wish Upon a Weinstein '' was written by Ricky Blitt and directed by Dan Povenmire . The episode was intended to air in 2000 as the beginning of the third season way after production was made years ago , but Fox executives were concerned about its content , believing it could be interpreted as anti-Semitic , and did not allow it to air on television . Due to popular demand , it was instead aired on Adult Swim in 2003 . This episode features guest performances from Andrea Beutener , Mark Hamill , Phil LaMarr , Ed McMahon , Peter Riegert , Mary Scheer , Ben Stein , and Nicole Sullivan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b72aed05b8700ee8cbc8c9004120e0c0",
"text": "Family Guy: Uncensored Family Guy : Uncensored is an iOS game developed and published by Glu Mobile . It was published on September 23 , 2009 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "444eb78ccdc44c93ebb1f2e8efe2965f",
"text": "Friends of Peter G. `` Friends of Peter G. '' is the tenth episode of the ninth season of the animated comedy series Family Guy . It aired on Fox in the United States on February 13 , 2011 . The episode follows Peter and Brian as they are forced to join Alcoholics Anonymous , due to their excessive drinking , much to their chagrin . Soon , however , Peter crashes his car while driving home drunk , and is approached by Death , who shows him what his life will be like if he continues to drink alcohol , as well if he had never drunk at all . The episode was written by Brian Scully and directed John Holmquist . It received mostly mixed reviews from critics for its storyline and many cultural references . According to Nielsen ratings , it was viewed in 5.99 million homes in its original airing . The episode featured guest performances by H. Jon Benjamin , Adam Carolla , Carrie Fisher , Phil LaMarr , Jessica Stroup and Laura Vandervoort , along with several recurring guest voice actors for the series . It was first announced at the 2010 San Diego Comic-Con International .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7faefdb292823b9e345305e3039dfcb7",
"text": "Total Recall (Family Guy) `` Total Recall '' is the eighteenth episode of the eleventh season and the 206th overall episode of the animated comedy series Family Guy . It aired on Fox in the United States on April 28 , 2013 , and is written by Kristin Long and directed by Joseph Lee . In the episode , after Rupert is recalled , Stewie and Brian head on an adventure to reclaim Stewie 's best friend . Meanwhile , due to illness , Peter is replaced by Lois in his bowling tournament . However , he begins to get annoyed by the brewing friendship between his wife and his buddies .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d3741b65b999c16bf480750ea1b6d26b",
"text": "Living Single Living Single is an American television sitcom that aired for five seasons on the Fox network from August 29 , 1993 , to January 1 , 1998 . The show centered on the lives of six friends who share personal and professional experiences while living in a Brooklyn brownstone . Throughout its run , Living Single became one of the most popular African-American sitcoms of its era , ranking among the top five in African-American ratings in all five seasons . The series was produced by Yvette Lee Bowser 's company , Sister Lee , in association with Warner Bros. . Television . In contrast to the popularity of NBC 's `` Must See TV '' -- first on Sunday nights and then later on Thursday nights in the 1990s -- many African-American and Latino viewers flocked to Fox . For the 1993 -- 94 season , Living Single aired on Sunday nights between Martin and Married ... with Children , and then on Thursday nights from 1994 to 1998 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d5297e445023d5f0f8170655eb8bdd64",
"text": "Roads to Vegas `` Roads to Vegas '' is the twenty-first episode of the eleventh season and the 209th overall episode of Family Guy . It follows Brian and Stewie as they head off to Vegas using a teleporting machine , which malfunctions and creates clones of themselves . The episode , which is the seventh in the series of Road to ... episodes , originally aired on Fox in the United States on May 19 , 2013 , airing before the episode `` No Country Club for Old Men '' . Together , the two episodes were promoted as being the season finale . First announced at the 2012 San Diego Comic-Con International , the episode was written by Steve Callaghan and directed by Greg Colton . The episode received generally positive reviews from critics upon release . According to Nielsen ratings , it was viewed in 5.28 million homes in its original airing . The episode featured guest performances from Alexandra Breckenridge , Ralph Garman , Gary Janetti , Joe Lomonaco , Patrick Meighan , Emily Osment , Danny Smith , Alec Sulkin , and John Viener .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bf811c36aec0c51370349d6bcffd87bc",
"text": "Angry Dad: The Movie `` Angry Dad : The Movie '' is the fourteenth episode of The Simpsons ' twenty-second season . It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on February 20 , 2011 . The plot of the episode involves Bart winning many awards for his new short film based on his web cartoon series Angry Dad , which was first introduced in `` I Am Furious ( Yellow ) '' , while Homer takes credit for the film during acceptance speeches . `` Angry Dad : The Movie '' was written by John Frink and directed by Matthew Nastuk , with Ricky Gervais , Halle Berry , Russell Brand , Maurice LaMarche , Nick Park and J. B. Smoove guest starring . Cultural references in the episode include Pixar , Toy Story , Wallace and Gromit , Kung Fu Panda , Ms. Pac-Man , SpongeBob SquarePants and the 68th Golden Globe Award ceremony . The episode was viewed in an estimated 6.35 million households , with a 2.8 Nielsen rating , marking a slight rise in audience from the previous episode , while the episode was the twenty-fifth most viewed show for the week of broadcast among adults aged 18 -- 49 . Critical reception of the episode was generally positive , with critics praising the episode 's use of visual gags and cultural references .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3b4da06a3483480a329403e61e607944",
"text": "Flop Starz `` Flop Starz '' is the first segment for the first official aired episode of the animated television series Phineas and Ferb . The episode was originally broadcast on Disney Channel on February 1 , 2008 . In the episode , Phineas and Ferb become one-hit wonders in the matter of a morning . This is much to the disappointment of Candace , who is trying out for super stardom on a competition show titled The Next American Pop Teen Idol Star ! Meanwhile , Doofenshmirtz converts his building into a giant robot to aid him in his attempt to conquer the tri-state area . The episode 's storyboard was written by Sherm Cohen and Antoine Guilbaud , though the story itself was made by the co-creators of the series . The song in the episode , `` Gitchee Gitchee Goo , '' was the first song the series had and caused for Disney to want one in every episode . Despite the actual pilot being `` Rollercoaster , '' the episode was broadcast to premiere the series , so a majority of the series ' standard humor and plot devices had yet to be established ( e.g. Perry and Doofenshmirtz have no involvement in the removal of the boys ' evidence -LSB- mainly instigated by the boys themselves -RSB- and Candace 's busting attempts in the A-plot are limited to two ) . `` Flop Starz '' carried several references to the music industry and several genres ( the title itself is as well a spoof of the phrase `` pop stars '' ) , as well as to the talent competition American Idol . The episode was well received by critics and fans alike , gaining 23.5 million viewers in its premiere . The song featured , `` Gitchee Gitchee Goo , '' was as well reviewed favorably by critics . `` Flop Starz '' has been featured in several pieces of merchandise , including a junior novelization by Lara Bergen in 2009 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "440af6a9985c48371375783e75073a95",
"text": "Meg Stinks! `` Meg Stinks ! '' is the nineteenth episode of the twelfth season of the animated comedy series Family Guy and the 229th episode overall . It aired on Fox in the United States on May 4 , 2014 , and is written by Danny Smith and directed by Bob Bowen . In the episode , Meg goes for a college interview and becomes the life of a party while Brian encounters a skunk and after getting sprayed , must learn to survive in the wild .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dcf23a26f15fe7f631dde23c24d9ccd8",
"text": "Combo television unit A Combo television unit , or a TV/VCR combo , sometimes known as a televideo , is a television with either a VCR or a DVD player built into a single unit . These converged devices have the advantages ( compared to a separate TV and VCR ) of saving space and increasing portability . Such units entered the market during the mid-to-late 1980s when VCRs had become ubiquitous household devices . By this time , the VHS format had become standard ; thus the vast majority of TV/VCR combos are VHS-based . Most combo units have RCA connecters on the front and/or back to connect a home video game console or a camcorder . Some units also have a headphone jack to watch media without disturbing others . Though nearly all TV/VCR combination sets have monaural ( mono ) sound though with stereo soundtrack compatibility , there are a large number of TV/VCR combos with a stereo TV tuner , but a mono VCR ( some may even include a mono sound input alongside a composite video input . Some models from Panasonic also included an FM tuner . A major exception to this convention is TV/DVD combos , which can have a stereo VCR included in the unit ( i.e. a TV/VCR/DVD combo ) . One of the major drawbacks of a TV/DVD/VCR combo is that the integrated VCR can sometimes activate the CSS programming on the DVD player portion , making it impossible to watch DVDs on the unit . Modern televisions tend to be mostly solid state machines , while VCRs require mechanical manipulation of VHS tape and require occasional servicing . For this reason , it is not uncommon for the VCR component to cease functioning or to become unreliable years before a similar fate befalls the television component . This leaves users with only `` half '' of the set in operation and a more expensive repair or replacement . As late as 2006 , flat-panel TVs with integrated DVD players appeared on the market , and integrated TV/DVD sets started overtaking the TV/VCR market . This is due to both the low price and overwhelming availability of DVDs and more compact form factor , as opposed to the increasingly rare video cassettes and near-extinction of cathode ray tube displays in the consumer market .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cb624eb99cdc07bf21705abbe2fd5d0e",
"text": "Guy's Big Bite Guy 's Big Bite is a Food Network show starring Guy Fieri , winner of the second season of The Next Food Network Star . The inaugural six-episode season premiered on June 25 , 2006 in the 10:00 am/EST timeslot . Currently Guy 's Big Bite airs Saturdays at 7:30 am EST/PST & Sundays at 10:30 am and 11am EST/PST . Food Network renewed the series after the successful inaugural trial run and the series is now in its thirteenth season . Beginning in season two , Guy got a more personalized set including a `` guy '' fridge with a # 05 and racing stripes , a pin ball machine , big screen television , in-house bar , and a bumper-pool table . He now regularly has his friends and `` posse '' join him during episodes . In season 10 Guy shifted the focus from a studio kitchen to his own backyard , having guests at his own home besides his own techniques in the backyard of his home .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "51c385a0f41b16a5ecbbce7da6c9b9f6",
"text": "The Giggity Wife `` The Giggity Wife '' is the eleventh episode of the eleventh season and the 199th overall episode of the animated comedy series Family Guy . It aired on Fox in the United States on January 27 , 2013 , and is written by Andrew Goldberg and directed by Brian Iles . The episode 's plot concerns Quagmire accidentally becoming the husband of a prostitute . He then tries to bring the marriage to an end by pretending to be gay .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9665c9d40711fb80e08070b27d93066e",
"text": "Freaks and Geeks Freaks and Geeks is an American teen comedy-drama television series , created by Paul Feig , with Judd Apatow as executive producer , that aired on NBC during the 1999 -- 2000 television season . Eighteen episodes were completed , but the series was canceled after only 12 had aired . A fan-led campaign persuaded NBC to broadcast three more episodes in July 2000 ; the three remaining unaired episodes , for a total of 18 , aired that September on the cable network Fox Family Channel . The series appeared on Time magazine 's 2007 `` 100 Greatest Shows of All Time '' list , and placed third on the magazine 's list of greatest television shows of the 2000s ( decade ) . In 2007 , Freaks and Geeks ranked # 21 on TV Guides Top Cult Shows Ever . In 2008 , Entertainment Weekly ranked it the 13th-best series of the past 25 years . The same year , AOL TV named it the Best School Show of All Time . In 2013 TV Guide included it in its list of The 60 Greatest Dramas of All Time , and ranked it # 1 on their list of 60 shows that were `` Cancelled Too Soon '' . It launched several of its young actors into successful television and film careers .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
45c233c354bf1dcacd85933e19f1b0ad
|
British Columbia does not engage in tourism.
|
[
{
"docid": "0739f90dc27fc663ad2c9a3e54691a64",
"text": "British Columbia British Columbia ( BC ) is the westernmost province of Canada , with a population of more than four million people located between the Pacific Ocean and the Rocky Mountains . British Columbia is also a component of the Pacific Northwest and the Cascadia bioregion , along with the U.S. states of Idaho , Oregon , Washington , Alaska , and western Montana . The first British settlement in the area was Fort Victoria , established in 1843 , which gave rise to the city of Victoria , at first the capital of the separate Colony of Vancouver Island . Subsequently , on the mainland , the Colony of British Columbia ( 1858 -- 66 ) was founded by Richard Clement Moody and the Royal Engineers , Columbia Detachment , in response to the Fraser Canyon Gold Rush . Moody was Chief Commissioner of Lands and Works for the Colony and the first Lieutenant-Governor of British Columbia : he was hand-picked by the Colonial Office in London to transform British Columbia into the British Empire 's `` bulwark in the farthest west '' , and `` to found a second England on the shores of the Pacific '' . Moody selected the site for and founded the original capital of British Columbia , New Westminster , established the Cariboo Road and Stanley Park , and designed the first version of the Coat of arms of British Columbia . Port Moody is named after him . In 1866 , Vancouver Island became part of the colony of British Columbia , and Victoria became the united colony 's capital . In 1871 , British Columbia became the sixth province of Canada . Its Latin motto is Splendor sine occasu ( `` Splendour without Diminishment '' ) . The capital of British Columbia remains Victoria , the fifteenth-largest metropolitan region in Canada , named for the Queen who created the original European colonies . The largest city is Vancouver , the third-largest metropolitan area in Canada , the largest in Western Canada , and the third-largest in the Pacific Northwest . In October 2013 , British Columbia had an estimated population of 4,606,371 ( about 2.5 million of whom were in Greater Vancouver ) . The province is currently governed by the BC Liberal Party , led by Premier Christy Clark , who became leader as a result of a leadership convention vote on February 26 , 2011 , and who led her party to an election victory on May 14 , 2013 . British Columbia evolved from British possessions that were established in what is now British Columbia by 1871 . First Nations , the original inhabitants of the land , have a history of at least 10,000 years in the area . Today there are few treaties and the question of Aboriginal Title , long ignored , has become a legal and political question of frequent debate as a result of recent court actions . Notably , the Tsilhqot ` in Nation has established Aboriginal title to a portion of their territory , as a result of the recent Supreme Court of Canada decision ( William -LSB- Tsilhqot ` in Nation -RSB- v. British Columbia ) . BC 's economy is diverse , with service producing industries accounting for the largest portion of the province 's GDP . It is the endpoint of transcontinental railways , and the site of major Pacific ports that enable international trade . Though less than 5 % of its vast 944735 km2 land is arable , the province is agriculturally rich ( particularly in the Fraser and Okanagan valleys ) , because of milder weather near the coast and in certain sheltered southern valleys . Its climate encourages outdoor recreation and tourism , though its economic mainstay has long been resource extraction , principally logging , farming , and mining . Vancouver , the province 's largest city and metropolitan area , also serves as the headquarters of many western-based natural resource companies . It also benefits from a strong housing market and a per capita income well above the national average . While the coast of British Columbia and certain valleys in the south-central part of the province have mild weather , the majority of its land mass experiences a cold-winter-temperate climate similar to that of the rest of Canada . The Northern Interior region has a subarctic climate with very cold winters . The climate of Vancouver is by far the mildest winter climate of the major Canadian cities , with nighttime January temperatures averaging above the freezing point .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "5e003fb3e329619a314ba42a964ad480",
"text": "Red Bluff Provincial Park Red Bluff Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia , Canada .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e1eb62fa7b75546391bc8df70d7a37ef",
"text": "Columbia, British Columbia Columbia was a city in the Boundary Country region of the southernmost Interior of British Columbia . It was incorporated on May 4 , 1899 . It amalgamated with the adjacent City of Grand Forks in 1903 . Columbia , now within West Grand Forks , is home to the oldest unrelocated Canadian Pacific railway station in the province .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "710112ae4524c2e33871fa9660e121fb",
"text": "1894 Colonial Conference The Colonial Conference of 1894 was called by the government of Canada to continue discussion begun at the First Colonial Conference in 1887 on a proposal to lay a telegraph cable at the bottom of the Pacific Ocean to create a communications link between Canada and Australasia and , by extension , to the rest of the British Empire as part of what became referred to as the All Red Line network of cables throughout the Empire . The opening ceremonies were in the Senate Chamber in the Centre Block of the Canadian parliament buildings but day-to-day meetings occurred in the offices of the Minister of Trade and Commerce . The Earl of Jersey attended the conference as the representative of the British government and was instructed to listen and report back but not to make any commitments on behalf of the government . All self-governing British colonies were invited to send delegates with the exception of Newfoundland Colony . Western Australia and Natal Colony did not send representatives due to domestic priorities . The colony of Fiji was also invited due to its geographical location on the proposed route of the cable but declined . Delegates were sent to the conference by Canada , New Zealand , the Australian self-governing colonies of New South Wales , Queensland , South Australia , Tasmania and Victoria and the South African colony of Cape Colony . Unlike other colonial conference , the colonial delegates were cabinet ministers or legislators or government representatives rather than Prime Ministers . Resolutions were proposed to the conference and it was agreed that decisions would be made on the basis of `` one colony , one vote '' but the resolutions were not binding on the British government or the Colonial Office . In addition to discussing telecommunications issues , the conference also approved a resolution favouring preferential trade within the Empire , however , this resolution was opposed by Australia 's largest colonies , New South Wales and Queensland , who were suspicious the Canadian initiative seemed designed to undermine Australia 's protective tariffs . The proposal would be made again to the 1897 Colonial Conference but was not agreed to and would not be acted upon until the British Empire Economic Conference in 1932 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2bf6ad20831a1d30272d4031020efb78",
"text": "Organized Crime Agency of British Columbia The Organized Crime Agency of British Columbia ( OCABC ) was established as a Designated Policing and Law Enforcement Unit under the Police Act ( B.C. ) on March 11 , 1999 . Similar to the structure and authority of municipal police departments in British Columbia , OCABC is an independent policing agency . The specific mandate of OCABC is to facilitate the disruption and suppression of organized crime which impacts all British Columbians . The Organized Crime Agency of BC ( OCABC ) was created in direct response to the recommendations of the report of the Organized Crime Independent Review Committee , chaired by Stephen Owen ( `` The Owen Report , '' September 15 , 1998 ) . The Agency was incorporated as a Society in March 1999 under the BC Police Act to replace its forerunner , the Coordinated Law Enforcement Unit ( CLEU ) . The Owen Report found CLEU to be `` ... not sufficiently equipped , mandated or able to cope with the growing sophistication and diversity of organized crime '' . OCABC became fully operational in February 2000 , similar in structure and authority to other municipal police departments in British Columbia . As a designated Police Agency in the province of British Columbia , the Organized Crime Agency of BC has its own contingent of sworn law enforcement officers and civilian personnel , and is responsible for : `` Providing designated Policing and designated Law Enforcement to reduce and eliminate organized crime and other significant criminal activity in British Columbia '' . OCABC derives its powers from Section 4.1 ( 2 ) ( c ) and 18.1 ( d ) of the Police Act .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2a9360cf2aa27623e38437fc50ee2124",
"text": "BC Paraplegic Association Spinal Cord Injury BC ( SCI BC ) is a not-for-profit organization that helps people with spinal cord injuries and related injuries adjust , adapt and thrive by providing answers , information and community experiences in the Canadian province of British Columbia . Spinal Cord Injury BC has three core services through which it serves the BC Spinal Cord Injury community , the Peer program , Information Services and SCI Information Database . Spinal Cord Injury BC works in close partnership with the Vancouver General Hospital , GF Strong Rehabilitation Centre , International Collaboration On Repair Discoveries ( ICORD ) , Rick Hansen Institute , Neil Squire Foundation , BC Wheelchair Sports ( BCWCS ) and The Disability Foundation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4a9c586dc83c7d485a9f43709a6e4c21",
"text": "Whiting Peak (British Columbia) Whiting Peak is an unofficial name for a mountain in British Columbia , Canada . It has an elevation of 2524 m above sea level and is one of Canada 's many ultra prominent peaks . The name `` Whiting Peak '' is derived from its being the high point of a group of mountains bordered by two bodies of water . Whiting Lake lies to the east and the Whiting River runs to the west of this group .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "971fe73fe98097ad3f6d57124fe18001",
"text": "Business tourism Business tourism or business travel is a more limited and focused subset of regular tourism . During business tourism ( traveling ) , individuals are still working and being paid , but are doing so away from both their workplace and home . Some definitions of tourism tend to exclude business travel . However , the World Tourism Organization ( WTO ) defines tourists as people `` traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure , business and other purposes '' . Primary business tourism activities include meetings , and attending conferences and exhibitions . Despite the term business in business tourism , when individuals from government or non-profit organizations engage in similar activities , this is still categorized as business tourism ( travel ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0250838b03521a839ccf591fa1a05c6a",
"text": "Cariboo (electoral district) '' For the region of the Canadian province of British Columbia , see Cariboo . For the provincial electoral district of the same name , see Cariboo ( provincial electoral district ) . Cariboo was a federal electoral district in British Columbia , Canada , that was represented in the Canadian House of Commons from 1871 to 1892 . This riding was first created as Cariboo District following British Columbia 's admission into the Canadian Confederation in 1871 . The name was changed to `` Cariboo '' in 1872 , and existed in this form until it was abolished in 1892 when it was amalgamated into the new riding of Yale -- Cariboo . In 1914 , Yale -- Cariboo was redistributed and Yale and Cariboo were separate ridings once again , though with smaller areas than before . The Cariboo riding lasted until 1966 . The succession of ridings for the Cariboo area since then has been : Kamloops -- Cariboo ( 1966 -- 1976 ) Cariboo -- Chilcotin ( 1976 -- 2003 ) Cariboo -- Prince George ( 2003 - ) Kamloops -- Thompson -- Cariboo ( 2004 - ) The Chilcotin region of the riding , west of the Fraser River , was from 1966 to 1976 part of the Coast Chilcotin riding . The original form of the riding was the whole of the Cariboo Plateau and both Cariboo and Lillooet Land Districts . Its southern boundary was on the northern edge of the New Westminster riding , and later the Burrard riding , then the North Vancouver riding , with near-coastal localities such as Pemberton , Squamish , Britannia Beach and Port Douglas all politically part of `` Cariboo '' . Under the Representation Act of 1892 , the constituencies of Yale and Cariboo were united to form Yale -- Cariboo . In 1914 that riding was broken up and the Yale and Cariboo riding-names were restored , although the new constituencies were considerably smaller than before . The restored Yale riding included the Boundary Country around Grand Forks and Greenwood , but the Kootenay was now a separate riding and the town of Yale itself was not in the restored Yale riding , but in the new riding of Westminster District . The first election using the new boundaries was in 1917 . `` Government '' and `` Opposition '' were used during the wartime campaign to designate the governing Conservatives vs the Opposition Liberals . A major redistribution in 1952 took away the southern half of the Cariboo district , with a southern boundary at 52 degrees 30 minutes north , just excluding Williams Lake and the south bank of Quesnel Lake . The rest of the riding extended to the Little Rancheria River and the border with Yukonand the Northwest Territories , therefore including the Omineca , Prince George and Peace River districts . The Cariboo electoral district was abolished in 1966 . Successor ridings were : Coast Chilcotin ( 1966 - 1976 ) Kamloops -- Cariboo ( 1966 - 1976 ) Prince George -- Peace River ( 1966 - 1976 ) Skeena ( 1914 - 2003 )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cb9a9f247d4e8f77fbd134021817e889",
"text": "Gulf Islands The Gulf Islands are the islands in the Strait of Georgia ( also known as Salish Sea or the Gulf of Georgia ) , between Vancouver Island and the mainland of British Columbia , Canada . According to BC Geographical Names ( BCGNIS ) the name `` Gulf Islands '' was originally intended and commonly understood to refer to the archipelago at the southern end of the Strait of Georgia -- from Gabriola Island in the north to Saturna Island in the southeast and D'Arcy Island in the southwest . During the 1990s , however , the name began to be applied to all the islands in the Strait of Georgia , resulting in the introduction of the term `` Southern Gulf Islands '' , which BCGNIS calls a misnomer , to distinguish the original `` Gulf Islands '' from the rest , which are sometimes called the `` North Gulf Islands '' . BCGNIS further notes that Quadra Island is increasingly described as the `` northernmost of the Gulf Islands '' . The division of the Gulf Islands into two groups , the Southern and Northern Gulf Islands , is relatively common . The dividing line is approximately that formed by the city of Nanaimo on Vancouver Island , and the mouth of the Fraser River on the mainland . The larger populated islands are served by BC Ferries , which operates various vehicle and passenger ferries between the Gulf Islands and to terminals near the major cities of Nanaimo and Victoria on Vancouver Island as well as Vancouver on the mainland . BC Ferries distinguishes between the Southern Gulf Islands and the Northern Gulf Islands . Their Northern Gulf Islands includes both Quadra Island and Cortes Island , as well as some islands far to the north , such as Malcolm Island and Cormorant Island . Natural Resources Canada maps the Gulf Islands as including the `` Southern Gulf Islands '' , the islands of Howe Sound ( such as Bowen Island , Gambier Island , and Keats Island ) , along with Lasqueti Island , Hornby Island , and Denman Island .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5aedff5054267b0d8c79ff50214612fb",
"text": "Pacific Ranges The Pacific Ranges are the southernmost subdivision of the Coast Mountains portion of the Pacific Cordillera . Located entirely within British Columbia , Canada , they run northwest from the lower stretches of the Fraser River to Bella Coola and Burke Channel , north of which are the Kitimat Ranges . The Coast Mountains lie between the Interior Plateau and the Coast of British Columbia . The Pacific Ranges include four of the five major coastal icecaps in the southern Coast Mountains . These are the largest temperate-latitude icecaps in the world and fuel a number of very major rivers ( by volume , not length ) . One of these contains Mount Waddington , the highest summit entirely within British Columbia . Also within this region is Hunlen Falls , among the highest in Canada , located in Tweedsmuir South Provincial Park . Other than logging and various hydroelectric developments , and a large ski resort at Whistler , most of the land in the range is completely undeveloped . Historically , in the southern part of the range , mining was important at various times in the Lillooet , Bridge River and Squamish areas , and large pulp and paper mills at Powell River , Port Mellon and Woodfibre . The largest hydroelectric development in the Pacific Ranges is the Bridge River Power Project , though smaller hydro plants are on the Stave River-Alouette Lake system in Mission and Maple Ridge , the Daisy Lake-Squamish River division of the Cheakamus Powerhouse , and another power dam and power plant at Clowhom . Although the range was extensively surveyed for possible rail routes , only that of the Pacific Great Eastern ( now part of CN ) was eventually built ; the Homathko River-Bute Inlet route , however , was one of the two main choices in the deliberations of the CPR 's routing .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "84b2a1288615512653476236722d1dc8",
"text": "British Columbia Court of Appeal The British Columbia Court of Appeal ( BCCA ) is the highest appellate court in the province of British Columbia , Canada . It was established in 1910 following the 1907 Court of Appeal Act . The BCCA hears appeals from the Supreme Court of British Columbia and a number of boards and tribunals . The BCCA also hears criminal appeals from the Provincial Court of British Columbia where the proceedings in that court were by indictment . It will hear summary conviction appeals from the Supreme Court on criminal matters that originated in the Provincial Court . Statute restricts appeals on civil matters from the Provincial Court ( Small Claims ) to the Supreme Court . However , some Provincial Court civil matters may come before the BCCA on very narrow matters having to do with questions of administrative law or other unusual circumstances . The BCCA consists of 22 justices ( including a Chief Justice ) , ten of whom are supernumerary . All justices of the BCCA ( including the position of Chief Justice ) are appointed by the federal government . The central registry for the BCCA is in Vancouver , where the BCCA holds most of its sittings . The BCCA also occasionally hears cases in Victoria , Kelowna , and Kamloops . The judges for the Court also double as judges for the Yukon Court of Appeal . Cases from Yukon are heard in both Vancouver and in Whitehorse . A full division of the court consists of five justices ; however , most cases are heard by a division of three justices . A single justice will preside over matters heard in '' chambers '' , usually Interlocutory matters or applications for leave to appeal . Unlike in Ontario where a sitting of the Court of Appeal is referred to as a `` panel '' , in the BCCA a sitting of the Court is referred to as a `` division '' . Counsel appearing in the BCCA are required to `` gown '' . This court dress is identical to that worn in the Supreme Court of British Columbia , and consists of a white wing collar with bands , along with a black bar jacket and black gown ( some counsel will wear a black waistcoat and suit rather than a bar jacket ) . Male barristers will generally wear black or striped trousers , with female barristers wearing either trousers or a skirt . Queen 's Counsel wear a more elaborate bar jacket as well as a silk gown . Court dress is not required for matters heard in Chambers , wherein standard business dress can be worn by both counsel and the sitting justice . When the court moved from its previous location ( what is now the Vancouver Art Gallery ) , one of the old courtrooms was reconstructed in the present Arthur Erickson designed Vancouver Law Courts . When in session , a division of the court will often preside in this Heritage Courtroom . All courts in the Province of British Columbia display the Arms of Her Majesty in Right of the United Kingdom , as a symbol of its judiciary .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9480f7c0e026a8fc8a71f20c9e46d003",
"text": "Liberation BC Liberation BC is a non-profit animal rights organization based in Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada , founded in 2004 . It is run entirely by volunteers , including the board of directors , and has an e-mail network of nearly 4000 supporters . The stated mission of Liberation BC is `` to expose animal exploitation through outreach and education , to promote a vegan lifestyle as the most effective and attainable way to protect animals , and to build and provide support for a strong community of effective animal advocates . '' Liberation BC has been involved in several major campaigns since its beginning ; from 2004 until 2007 , it staged weekly demonstrations at local KFCs in conjunction with PETA 's `` Kentucky Fried Cruelty '' campaign . This campaign ended when KFC Canada announced that it would improve its animal welfare standards . During the winter of 2006-2007 , its focus was on clothing chain Bebe for selling fur . In late 2007 , Bebe announced that it would no longer sell fur products as of the winter of 2008 . Liberation BC has also been involved in protests against the Cloverdale Rodeo , which in May 2007 dropped four of its major events after years of cruelty accusations from local animal rights groups . In May 2007 , Liberation BC activists entered the rodeo ring with banners in an attempt to interrupt the rodeo , and were carried out by security guards and the Royal Canadian Mounted Police ( RCMP ) . This action was repeated in August 2008 at the Abbotsford Rodeo . Throughout 2008 and into 2009 , Liberation BC focused on gathering support for a ban on foie gras in Vancouver , as well as general animal rights outreach at various community festivals and events . In March 2009 , the group issued a letter requesting that Vancouver 's `` Greenest City Action Team '' acknowledge the impact that meat consumption has upon the environment , and asked that they recommend that citizens reduce their consumption of animal products . The letter was also signed by the Vancouver Humane Society , Humane Society International Canada , Earthsave Canada , and the Lifeforce Foundation . In 2009 , the group shifted its focus to public outreach and to building a stronger animal rights community in Vancouver . It began the annual Cow Ribbon Campaign for Mother 's Day . The public is encouraged to purchase Holstein-patterned ribbons from the website and wear them to start conversations about the conditions of mother cows and calves in the dairy industry . Online , individuals in the animal rights community place an image of the ribbon on their Twitter or Facebook profiles with a link to CowRibbon.com . In 2010 , Liberation BC began holding community dialogue events , using the `` Unconference '' and `` World Cafe '' models to do so . Every year since then , the group has organized the Vancouver Animal Advocacy Camp , a two-day event which typically brings about 100 attendees from the Pacific Northwest . In the past , the AAC has hosted speakers such as cookbook author Sarah Kramer , Lesley Fox of Fur Bearer Defenders , documentary filmmaker Liz Marshall , and Twyla Francois of Mercy for Animals Canada . The group has also run a free film screening project since 2010 . Titled `` Eyes Wide Open '' , the project shows free animal rights films at the Vancouver Public Library and other public venues several times a year . Past films have included Forks Over Knives , Earthlings , Peaceable Kingdom , and Vegucated , among others . Volunteers are also involved in public outreach on a regular basis , holding information tables at many events in the Vancouver area , including farmers markets , environmental fairs , and local celebrations , as well as leafleting with the groups ' own materials or with Vegan Outreach pamphlets . Volunteer nights are held monthly , allowing activists in the community to come together to write letters , prepare campaign materials , plan future events , and socialize . From 2007 to 2013 , Liberation BC hosted the annual Vancouver Walk for Farm Animals , which raises money for Farm Sanctuary . The group has also participated in the Worldwide Vegan Bake Sale annually since 2010 , raising money for various animal advocacy groups , mostly local . Liberation BC appeared in the December 2011 issue of VegNews as one of `` 10 Nonprofits You Need to Know '' . In April 2013 , the organization began holding weekly `` Chicken Vigils '' outside a Vancouver slaughterhouse in solidarity with the Toronto Pig Save and Cow Save projects , and has continued to do so into 2015 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a66c318175207be7bbe6eaec6b816197",
"text": "List of census agglomerations in British Columbia A census agglomeration is a census geographic unit in Canada determined by Statistics Canada . A census agglomeration comprises one or more adjacent census subdivisions that has a core population of 10,000 or greater . It is eligible for classification as a census metropolitan area once it reaches a population of 100,000 . At the 2011 Census , the Province of British Columbia had 21 census agglomerations , down from 22 in the 2006 Census . The one deleted in 2011 was Kitimat .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6b6df5f6496cab8bfbd1e1e1c05efcc9",
"text": "British Overseas Territories The 14 British Overseas Territories ( BOT ) are territories under the jurisdiction and sovereignty of the United Kingdom . They are the parts of the British Empire that have not been granted independence or have voted to remain British territories . These territories do not form part of the United Kingdom and , with the exception of Gibraltar , are not part of the European Union . Most of the inhabited territories are internally self-governing , with the UK retaining responsibility for defence and foreign relations . The rest are either uninhabited or have a transitory population of military or scientific personnel . They share the British monarch ( Elizabeth II ) as head of state . The term `` British Overseas Territory '' was introduced by the British Overseas Territories Act 2002 , replacing the term British Dependent Territory , introduced by the British Nationality Act 1981 . Prior to 1 January 1983 , the territories were officially referred to as British Crown Colonies . With the exceptions of the British Antarctic Territory and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands ( which host only officials and research station staff ) and the British Indian Ocean Territory ( used as a military base ) , the Territories retain permanent civilian populations . Permanent residency for the 7,000 or so civilians living in the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia is limited to citizens of the Republic of Cyprus . Collectively , the Territories encompass a population of about 250,000 people and a land area of about 667018 sqmi . The vast majority of this land area , 660000 sqmi , constitutes the almost uninhabited British Antarctic Territory , while the largest territory by population , Bermuda , accounts for almost a quarter of the total BOT population . At the other end of the scale , three territories have no civilian population ; the Antarctic territory , the British Indian Ocean Territory ( from which the Chagos Islanders were controversially removed ) and South Georgia . Pitcairn Islands , settled by the survivors of the Mutiny on the Bounty , is the smallest settled territory with 49 inhabitants , while the smallest by land area is Gibraltar on the southern tip of the Iberian peninsula . The United Kingdom participates in the Antarctic Treaty System and , as part of a mutual agreement , the British Antarctic Territory is recognised by four of the other sovereign nations making claims to Antarctic territory . Although the Crown dependencies of Jersey , Guernsey and the Isle of Man are also under the sovereignty of the British monarch , they are in a different constitutional relationship with the United Kingdom . The British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies are themselves distinct from the Commonwealth realms , a group of 15 independent countries ( and the United Kingdom ) which each also have Elizabeth II as their reigning monarch , and from the Commonwealth of Nations , a voluntary association of 52 countries mostly with historic links to the British Empire ( which also includes all Commonwealth realms ) . the Minister responsible for the Territories excluding the Falkland Islands , Gibraltar and the Sovereign Base Areas is Baroness Anelay , Minister of State for the Commonwealth and the UN . The other three territories are the responsibility of Sir Alan Duncan MP , Minister of State for Europe and the Americas .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3d5e1499be02741ffb127b021806817f",
"text": "Squamish culture Squamish culture is the customs , arts , music , lifestyle , food , painting and sculpture , moral systems and social institutions of the Squamish indigenous people , located in the southwestern part of British Columbia , Canada . They refer to themselves as Sḵwx̱wú7mesh ( -LSB- - salsqʷχʷúʔməʃ -RSB- ) . They are a part of the Coast Salish cultural group . Their culture and social life is based on the abundant natural resource of the Pacific Northwest coast , rich in cedar trees , salmon , and other resources . They have complex kinship ties that connect their social life and cultural events to different families and neighboring nations .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f055e76f6bc3c1658347435d45713d9f",
"text": "Enbridge Northern Gateway Pipelines The Enbridge Northern Gateway Pipelines was a project to build a twin pipeline from Bruderheim , Alberta to Kitimat , British Columbia . The eastbound pipeline would import natural gas condensate and the westbound pipeline would export diluted bitumen from the Athabasca oil sands to the marine terminal in Kitimat for transportation to the Asian markets by oil tankers . The project would also include terminal facilities with `` integrated marine infrastructure at tidewater to accommodate loading and unloading of oil and condensate tankers , and marine transportation of oil and condensate . '' The $ CDN 7.9 billion project was proposed in mid-2000s and has been postponed several times . The project would be developed by Enbridge , Inc. , a Canadian crude oil and liquids pipeline and storage company . When completed , the pipeline and terminal would have provided 104 permanent operating positions created within the company and 113 positions with the associated marine services . First Nations groups , many municipalities , including the Union of BC Municipalities , environmentalists and oil sands opponents , among others , denounced the project because of the environmental , economic , social and cultural risks posed by the pipeline . Proponents argued that the pipeline would have provided aboriginal groups with equity ownership , training , employment , Community Trust and stewardship programs ; along with the large scale infrastructure to keep Canada prosperous . The Federal Court of Appeal has ruled that consultation with First Nations was woefully inadequate , and has overturned the approval . The proposal has been heavily criticized by native groups . Groups like the Yinka Dene Alliance have been organized to campaign against the project . In December 2010 , 66 First Nations bands in British Columbia , including many along the proposed pipeline route , signed the Save The Fraser Declaration in opposition to the project , and 40 more have signed up in support since that time . The proposal is also opposed by numerous non-governmental organizations ( NGOs ) , citing previous spills and concerns over oil sands expansion and the associated risks in transportation . By 2015 , 26 of 45 have signed up in support of the Northern Gateway . In June 2014 the Northern Gateway pipeline project was approved by the federal government , subject to 209 conditions . The CBC questioned the silence concerning the Northern Gateway since then and suggested that Enbridge might have quietly shelved the project . Upon taking office in 2015 , new Prime Minister of Canada Justin Trudeau imposed a ban on oil tanker traffic on the North Coast of British Columbia , effectively killing the project . On November 29th , 2016 Justin Trudeau officially rejected plans for the pipeline .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "28445d0b7a18010e7c1d05d4d6c20d3a",
"text": "Provinces and territories of Canada Canada 's geography is divided into administrative divisions known as provinces and territories that are responsible for delivery of sub-national governance . When Canada was formed in 1867 , three provinces of British North America -- New Brunswick , Nova Scotia and the Province of Canada ( which , on the formation of Canada , was divided into Ontario and Quebec ) -- were united to form a federated colony , which eventually became a sovereign nation in the next century . Over its history , Canada 's international borders have changed several times , and the country has grown from the original four provinces to the current ten provinces and three territories . The ten provinces are Alberta , British Columbia , Manitoba , New Brunswick , Newfoundland and Labrador , Nova Scotia , Ontario , Prince Edward Island , Quebec , and Saskatchewan . Several of the provinces were former British colonies , and Quebec was originally a French colony , while others were added as Canada grew . The three territories are Northwest Territories , Nunavut , and Yukon , which govern the rest of the area of the former British North America . Together , the provinces and territories make up the world 's second-largest country by area . The major difference between a Canadian province and a territory is that provinces receive their power and authority from the Constitution Act , 1867 ( formerly called the British North America Act , 1867 ) , whereas territorial governments have powers delegated to them by the Parliament of Canada . The powers flowing from the Constitution Act are divided between the federal government and the provincial governments to exercise exclusively . A change to the division of powers between the federal government and the provinces requires a constitutional amendment , whereas a similar change affecting the territories can be performed unilaterally by the Parliament of Canada or government . In modern Canadian constitutional theory , the provinces are considered to be co-sovereign divisions and each province has its own `` Crown '' represented by the lieutenant governor . The territories are not sovereign , but simply part of the federal realm , and have a commissioner who represents the federal government . __ TOC __",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8dbf51230ddfc216dd4249c993534d7a",
"text": "Archaeological Society of British Columbia The Archaeological Society of British Columbia ( ASBC ) is a Canadian organization founded in 1966 . Since 1968 the quarterly The Midden is published with the help of the B.C. Heritage Trust . Its headquarters is in Vancouver , bureaus can be found in Victoria , the province 's capital , and since 1994 in Nanaimo also . The society has more than 300 members in Vancouver alone . Its aims are research and teaching in the field of British Columbian archaeology and the protection of artefacts . President in Victoria is Pete Dady , in Nanaimo Julie Cowie . The branch in Nanaimo publishes The Digger",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d3f3cf7f8b343ccd2989197cd82e9e64",
"text": "British Columbia Mainland Coastal Forests (WWF ecoregion) British Columbia mainland coastal forests is a temperate coniferous forest ecoregion the Pacific coast of North America , as defined by the World Wildlife Fund ( WWF ) categorization system .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "94fceaa125b03fa3165118e6e5bfbbb6",
"text": "Sasquatch Provincial Park Sasquatch Provincial Park is a provincial park in Kent , British Columbia , Canada .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
860c6b626c00e3a0ccffb6ea0ba75e05
|
Linda Schuyler's place of birth was London, England.
|
[
{
"docid": "860b2efe22bec4e0b0a0fc0065287654",
"text": "Linda Schuyler Linda Schuyler , ( née Bawcutt ; born in 1948 in London , England ) is a Canadian television producer involved in the creation and production of the Degrassi series and Instant Star series of teen programs .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "0560c9f4a72200237cdb2549d36aad2a",
"text": "The London Rock and Roll Show The London Rock and Roll Show was a concert held at Wembley Stadium in Wembley Park , London , England , on 5 August 1972 . It is often said to have been the first ever concert held at the stadium , but in fact the band Yes had performed in the Stadium on 13 July 1969 . From the late 1960s to the early 1970s , many rock and roll performers from the 1950s experienced major career revivals due to a temporary upswing of interest in their form of music . The Revival was marked by a series of major concerts in the United States , and also spread to Europe where events such as the Wembley concert attracted thousands of fans who came out to see the performers behind the music . The concert included performances by major stars including Bo Diddley , Jerry Lee Lewis , Little Richard , and Bill Haley and His Comets . The concert ended with an extended performance by Chuck Berry , who at the time was enjoying major chart success in Britain and the US with his `` My Ding-a-Ling '' . Originally billed rock and roll era acts The Platters , The Drifters and The Coasters were unable to perform due to work permit issues . The show was opened instead with sets from British rock and rollers The Houseshakers , Joe Brown , Emile Ford & the Checkmates , Screaming Lord Sutch , Heinz ( with Wilko Johnson on guitar ) and Billy Fury ; as well as songs from Jerry Lee Lewis 's sister Linda Gail Lewis . Roy Wood 's new band Wizzard , only formed a few weeks previously , also made their live debut at the show . Garage rockers MC5 were not over-popular with the crowd . Little Richard also got booed when he stopped singing rock and roll and jumped on top of his piano . As did a very new Gary Glitter , with The Glitter Band . Mick Jagger attended the concert , but did not perform . Future Sex Pistols manager Malcolm McLaren can be seen selling T-shirts from a stall in the film . The concert was filmed and released in 1973 as The London Rock and Roll Show , directed by Peter Clifton . Although no soundtrack release occurred at the time the film was made , one was finally issued in the early 2000s ( decade ) , followed by several different releases with different combinations of performances .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "531b60a4d09eede913ad79edbc38ee19",
"text": "Weybridge Weybridge -LSB- ˈweɪbrɪdʒ -RSB- is a town by the River Wey in the Elmbridge district of Surrey . It is bounded to the north by the River Thames at the mouth of the Wey , from which it gets its name . It is an outlying suburban town within the Greater London Urban Area , situated 7 miles ( 11 km ) northeast of Woking and 16 miles ( 25 km ) southwest of central London . Real estate prices are well above the national average : as of 2008 , six of the ten most expensive streets in South East England ( defined as the official government region , which excludes Greater London ) were in Weybridge . Weybridge , based on its parish bounds , forms three wards of the United Kingdom or can be divided into the Thames Street and town centre area , the Queens Road area on top of Monument Hill , most of Brooklands and St George 's Hill . Within the post town , rather than Weybridge 's other boundaries is Oatlands or Oatlands Village .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "65a0c26a7ec76836cd1ce00c82dd24ad",
"text": "Croydon Croydon is a large town in south London , England , 9.5 mi south of Charing Cross . The principal settlement in the London Borough of Croydon , it is one of the largest commercial districts outside Central London , with an extensive shopping district and night-time economy . Its population of 52,104 at the 2011 census includes the wards of Addiscombe , Broad Green and Fairfield . Historically part of the hundred of Wallington in the county of Surrey , at the time of the Norman conquest of England Croydon had a church , a mill , and around 365 inhabitants , as recorded in the Domesday Book of 1086 . Croydon expanded in the Middle Ages as a market town and a centre for charcoal production , leather tanning and brewing . The Surrey Iron Railway from Croydon to Wandsworth opened in 1803 and was the world 's first public railway . Later nineteenth century railway building facilitated Croydon 's growth as a commuter town for London . By the early 20th century , Croydon was an important industrial area , known for car manufacture , metal working and Croydon Airport . In the mid 20th century these sectors were replaced by retailing and the service economy , brought about by massive redevelopment which saw the rise of office blocks and the Whitgift Centre , the largest shopping centre in London until 2008 . Croydon was amalgamated into Greater London in 1965 . Croydon lies on a transport corridor between central London and the south coast of England , to the north of two gaps in the North Downs , one followed by the A23 Brighton Road through Purley and Merstham and the main railway line and the other by the A22 from Purley to the M25 Godstone interchange . Road traffic is diverted away from a largely pedestrianised town centre , mostly consisting of the North End . East Croydon is a major hub of the national railway transport system , with frequent fast services to central London , Brighton and the south coast . The town is unique in Greater London for its Tramlink light rail transport system .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a979caf100f9368eb96d37ba5b294b44",
"text": "London (novel) London is a historical novel by Edward Rutherfurd published in 1997 , which charts the history of London from 54 B.C. to 1997 . The novel begins with the birth of the River Thames and moves to 54 B.C. , detailing the life of Segovax , a curious character with slightly webbed hands and a flash of white hair . Seqovax becomes the ancestor of the Ducket and Dogget families , prominent fictional families woven into the novel . Historical figures , such as Julius Caesar , Geoffrey Chaucer , William Shakespeare , and Pocahontas , make appearances alongside fictional characters and historical kings and queens of England .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "407b50dc3215fe1bd66eaafcd3c8dbbe",
"text": "City of London (disambiguation) The City of London is the historic centre and main financial district of London , England . City of London may also refer to : London , the capital city of England London , Ontario , Canada City of London Corporation , the governing body of the City of London , England",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c1d994572888566871729431e1c87314",
"text": "Strand, London Strand ( or the Strand ) is a major thoroughfare in the City of Westminster , Central London . It runs just over 3/4 mi from Trafalgar Square eastwards to Temple Bar , where the road becomes Fleet Street inside the City of London , and is part of the A4 , a main road running west from inner London . The road 's name comes from the Old English strond , meaning the edge of a river , as it historically ran alongside the north bank of the River Thames . The street was popular with the British upper classes between the 12th and 17th centuries , with many historically important mansions being built between the Strand and the river . These included Essex House , Arundel House , Somerset House , Savoy Palace , Durham House and Cecil House . The aristocracy moved to the West End over the 17th century , following which the Strand became well known for coffee shops , restaurants and taverns . The street was a centre point for theatre and music hall during the 19th century , and several venues remain on the Strand . At the east end of the street are two historic churches : St Mary le Strand and St Clement Danes . Several authors , poets and philosophers have lived on or near the Strand , including Charles Dickens , Ralph Waldo Emerson and Virginia Woolf . The street has been commemorated in the song `` Let 's All Go Down the Strand '' , now recognised as a typical piece of Cockney music hall .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5a3767d921c1c2df10a79be2098e69fa",
"text": "The Londoner The Londoner was a newsletter in the style of a newspaper published by the Mayor of London and delivered free to most households in Greater London , United Kingdom . In the words of the Mayor of London 's office , it was `` a newsletter for Londoners from the Mayor of London . It provided information about the policies and services delivered by the Greater London Authority and key issues affecting life in the capital , and encouraged participation in current debates and consultation . '' According to the Mayor 's Annual Report 2005/06 , the budget for The Londoner was # 2,882,000 , of which # 632,000 came directly from the GLA precept portion of council tax paid by London householders . Most of the remaining # 2,250,000 came from advertising and editorial material paid for by Transport for London and the Metropolitan Police Authority .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4c29c23eec38448680c520f4de3990d8",
"text": "London Councils London Councils is the local government association for Greater London , England . It is a cross-party organisation that represents London 's 32 borough councils and the City of London . It was formed in 1995 as a merger of the London Boroughs Association and the Association of London Authorities . In April 2000 it gained further functions as strategic local government in London was reorganised . London Councils is a think tank and lobbying organisation , and also provides some services directly through legislation that allows multiple local authorities to pool responsibility and funding . London Councils is based at 59 1/2 Southwark Street .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0b53deb9e321fd9586448e605f9ef4fd",
"text": "London Borough of Hackney The London Borough of Hackney ( -LSB- ˈhækni -RSB- ) is a London Borough in Inner London , United Kingdom . The historical and administrative heart of Hackney is Mare Street , which lies 5 mi north-east of Charing Cross . Southern and eastern parts of the borough are popularly regarded as being part of east London , with northern and western areas belonging to north London . The London Plan issued by the Greater London Authority assigns whole boroughs to sub-regions for statutory monitoring , engagement and resource allocation purposes . The most recent ( 2011 ) iteration of this plan assigns Hackney to the ` East ' sub-region , while the 2008 and 2004 versions assigned the borough to ` North ' and ` East ' sub-regions respectively . The modern borough was formed 1965 by the merger of the Metropolitan Borough of Hackney with the much smaller Metropolitan Boroughs of Stoke Newington and Shoreditch . Hackney is bounded by Islington to the west , Haringey to the north , Waltham Forest to the north-east , Newham to the east , Tower Hamlets to the south-east and the City of London to the south-west . Hackney was one of the host boroughs of the London Olympics in 2012 , with several of the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park venues falling within its boundaries .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "952891228db59a91ed6fa6f9859472d5",
"text": "London Children's Ballet The London Children 's Ballet ( LCB ) is a registered charitable trust created in 1994 . LCB was formed to give children the experience of performing as part of a company , in a professionally produced , full length ballet at a professional theatre . LCB provides opportunities to dance for children from many diverse backgrounds and the experience is free . Performances are staged annually at the Peacock Theatre , in the West End , London 's famous theatre district . These performances include the staging of original productions , which have sold out every year since the company was established . The company is also involved in a number of smaller projects . The '' # 1 outreach matinees '' enable the public to see a ballet at an affordable price and LCB2 is a touring company which visits venues where people are unable to attend the theatre , including hospitals , community centres , hospices and schools . These tours are produced around the year so as to provide opportunities for children all-year-round . To dance in a LCB production , children must first attend an audition , designed to assess their suitability to take part . Successful candidates then meet for weekly rehearsals on a Sunday in the lead up to the performance , ensuring there is no disruption to their academic education . LCB organises an annual summer school , lasting a week and catering for one hundred children . The summer school consists of a range of workshops , where the children take classes in ballet and other dance forms such as jazz , and also study choreography . Older children also take part in a one-day tour , taking their summer school production to elderly homes around London . The LCB also provides a venue for recently graduated composers , choreographers and designers from the Wimbledon College of Art .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c78b369f0696b945a3b663309e859830",
"text": "Hampstead Hampstead ( -LSB- ˈhæmpstɪd -RSB- or -LSB- - stɛd -RSB- ) , commonly known as Hampstead Village , is an area of London , England , 4 mi northwest of Charing Cross . Part of the London Borough of Camden , it is known for its intellectual , liberal , artistic , musical and literary associations and for Hampstead Heath , a large , hilly expanse of parkland . It has some of the most expensive housing in the London area . The village of Hampstead has more millionaires within its boundaries than any other area of the United Kingdom .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "22700295455b97749eadd509f9564702",
"text": "Little Ilford Little Ilford is a district of London , England in the London Borough of Newham and the name of a ward in that borough .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "017d4528849ee78476d6188f4a833ede",
"text": "London Borough of Croydon The London Borough of Croydon is a London borough in south London , England and is part of Outer London . It covers an area of 87 km2 and is the largest London borough by population . It is the southernmost borough of London . At its centre is the historic town of Croydon from which the borough takes its name . Croydon is mentioned in Domesday Book , and from a small market town has expanded into one of the most populous areas on the fringe of London . Croydon is the civic centre of the borough . The borough is now one of London 's leading business , financial and cultural centres , and its influence in entertainment and the arts contribute to its status as a major metropolitan centre . Formed in 1965 from the Coulsdon and Purley Urban District and the County Borough of Croydon , the local authority Croydon London Borough Council , is now part of the local government association for Greater London , London Councils . The economic strength of Croydon dates back mainly to Croydon Airport which was a major factor in the development of Croydon as a business centre . Once London 's main airport for all international flights to and from the capital , it was closed on 30 September 1959 due to the lack of expansion space needed for an airport to serve the growing city . It is now a Grade II listed building and tourist attraction . Croydon Council and its predecessor Croydon Corporation unsuccessfully applied for city status in 1954 , 2000 , 2002 and 2012 . The area is currently going through a large regeneration project called Croydon Vision 2020 which is predicted to attract more businesses and tourists to the area as well as backing Croydon 's bid to become London 's Third City ( after ` The City ' and Westminster ) . Croydon is mostly urban , though there are large suburban and rural uplands in the south . Since 2003 Croydon has been certified as a Fairtrade borough by the Fairtrade Foundation . It was the first London Borough to have Fairtrade status which is awarded on certain criteria . The area is one of the hearts of culture in London and the South East of England . Institutions such as the major arts and entertainment centre Fairfield Halls add to the vibrancy of the borough . However , its famous fringe theatre `` the Warehouse Theatre '' was put under administration in 2012 when the council withdrew its funding and the building itself was demolished in 2013 . The Croydon Clocktower was opened by Queen Elizabeth II in 1994 as an arts venue featuring a library , the independent David Lean Cinema ( closed by the council in 2011 after 16 years of operating , but now partially reopened on a part-time and volunteers basis ) and museum . From 2000 to 2010 , Croydon staged an annual summer festival celebrating the area 's black and Indian cultural diversity , with audiences reaching over 50,000 people . An internet radio station , Croydon Radio , is run by local people for the area . The borough is also home to its own local TV station , Croydon TV . Premier League football club Crystal Palace F.C. play at Selhurst Park in South Norwood , a stadium they have been based in since 1924 . Other landmarks in the borough include Addington Palace , an 18th-century mansion which became the official second residence of six archbishops , Shirley Windmill , one of the few surviving large windmills in Greater London built in the 1850s , and the BRIT School , a creative arts institute run by the BRIT Trust which has produced artists such as Adele , Amy Winehouse and Leona Lewis .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c5f7fbbe3eb275cbec07f0f50f95abd3",
"text": "London Youth (Federation of London Youth Clubs) London Youth is a network of diverse community youth organisations and projects serving young people of all backgrounds right across the capital . London Youth supports the contribution of community-based youth clubs and youth workers , providing them with information , advice and a wide range of accredited training . The organisation grew from the ragged schools movement of the 19th century . During the twentieth century there were two separate charities , The Federation of Boys ' Clubs and The Union of Youth Clubs ( for girls ) , which partially grew out of the Soho Club for Working Girls based at 20 Frith Street , Soho . In 1999 these two organisations joined to create The Federation of London Youth Clubs though the organisation prefers to be called London Youth . It works directly with young people to create `` eye-catching and innovative '' new opportunities in partnership with youth clubs and at its outdoor activity and training centres . It also advocates on behalf of its members so that the daily experience of on-the-ground practitioners informs the thinking of policy makers and funders .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e3bc33bc4fa7d298572ab4d589a23652",
"text": "London Philharmonic Orchestra The London Philharmonic Orchestra ( LPO ) is one of five permanent symphony orchestras based in London . It was founded by the conductors Sir Thomas Beecham and Malcolm Sargent in 1932 as a rival to the existing London Symphony and BBC Symphony Orchestras . The founders ' ambition was to build an orchestra the equal of any European or American rival . Between 1932 and the Second World War the LPO was widely judged to have succeeded in this regard . After the outbreak of war the orchestra 's private backers withdrew and the players reconstituted the LPO as a self-governing cooperative . In the post-war years the orchestra faced challenges from two new rivals ; the Philharmonia and the Royal Philharmonic , founded respectively in 1946 and 1947 , achieved a quality of playing not matched by the older orchestras , including the LPO . By the 1960s the LPO had regained its earlier standards , and in 1964 it secured a valuable engagement to play in the Glyndebourne Festival opera house during the summer months . In 1993 it was appointed resident orchestra of the Royal Festival Hall on the south bank of the Thames , one of London 's major concert venues . Since 1995 the residency has been jointly held with the Philharmonia . In addition to its work at the Festival Hall and Glyndebourne , the LPO performs regularly at the Congress Theatre , Eastbourne and the Brighton Dome , and tours nationally and internationally . Since Beecham , the orchestra has had ten principal conductors , including Sir Adrian Boult , Bernard Haitink , Sir Georg Solti , Klaus Tennstedt and Vladimir Jurowski . The orchestra has been active in recording studios since its earliest days , and has played on hundreds of sets made by EMI , Decca and other companies . Since 2005 the LPO has had its own record label , issuing live recordings of concerts . The orchestra has played on numerous film soundtracks , including Lawrence of Arabia ( 1962 ) and the Lord of the Rings trilogy ( 2001 -- 03 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a49bbc6105c0852d405cf62b87f3c193",
"text": "London County London County may refer to : Greater London , England , a present-day county City of London , England , a city-county , and enclave of Greater London County of London , England , a former county London County Cricket Club , a short-lived English cricket club",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3a57abeb2f6129cf9550c9d1ca20e122",
"text": "Leonie Mellinger Leonie Mellinger ( born 24 June 1959 , Berlin , Germany ) is a British actress . In the television mini-series Small World , she played a central double role portraying the twins Angelica and Lily . Mellinger trained at the Central School of Speech and Drama . Her acting debut was as ` Miriam ' in the BBC TV serialisation of DH Lawrence 's Sons and Lovers . Her stage appearances with the Royal Shakespeare Company include ` Lavinia ' in Titus Andronicus and ` Perdita ' in The Winter 's Tale . As well as acting , she teaches communication and personal impact skills at her own training company .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0a83fb996521c05c6d081a5a4c68a7af",
"text": "Little London, Leeds Little London , is a residential area of Leeds , north of the city centre and Leeds Inner Ring Road . It is so called because in the 19th century it had fashionable housing and interesting architecture comparable with London . In the 1950s and 60s it became largely council housing . and now consists of a mixture of high-rise and low rise flats and houses . The area falls within the Hyde Park and Woodhouse ward of the City of Leeds Council . The area is divided into four estates ; Lovell Park , Oatlands , Carlton and Servia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a894b0705d32bfaf75922aaa2d1a1ef0",
"text": "Linda Henry Linda Valiris , known professionally by her maiden name , Linda Henry ( born 1 January 1963 ) is an English actress , known for her roles as Yvonne Atkins in the ITV television drama Bad Girls ( 1999 -- 2003 ) and Shirley Carter in the BBC soap opera EastEnders , a role she has played since 2006 . She had previously appeared in EastEnders as the original Lorraine Salter , the mother of Mandy Salter ( Nicola Stapleton ) from 1991 to 1992 . Her other TV credits include Cracker ( 1995 ) , Prime Suspect ( 1997 ) and Trial & Retribution ( 1998 ) . She has also appeared in the films Beautiful Thing ( 1996 ) and The Business ( 2005 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "85e073a007b1d8cf4e7be47ebeead0fe",
"text": "St Paul Covent Garden St Paul Covent Garden was a civil parish in the metropolitan area of London , England . The former area of the parish now corresponds to the Covent Garden market and surrounding streets in the City of Westminster .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
2a1b7d201e1cf0a521e3425f873d659a
|
Batman made an appearance in Detective Comics #27.
|
[
{
"docid": "ba6649c494370b73c45b1105c4b4aeff",
"text": "Batman Batman is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics . The character was created by artist Bob Kane and writer Bill Finger , and first appeared in Detective Comics # 27 ( 1939 ) . Originally named the `` Bat-Man '' , the character is also referred to by such epithets as the Caped Crusader , the Dark Knight , and the World 's Greatest Detective . Batman 's secret identity is Bruce Wayne , a wealthy American playboy , philanthropist , and owner of Wayne Enterprises . After witnessing the murder of his parents Dr. Thomas Wayne and Martha Wayne as a child , he swore vengeance against criminals , an oath tempered by a sense of justice . Bruce Wayne trains himself physically and intellectually and crafts a bat-inspired persona to fight crime . Batman operates in the fictional Gotham City with assistance from various supporting characters , including his butler Alfred , police commissioner Gordon , and vigilante allies such as Robin . Unlike most superheroes , Batman does not possess any superpowers ; rather , he relies on his genius intellect , physical prowess , martial arts abilities , detective skills , science and technology , vast wealth , intimidation , and indomitable will . A large assortment of villains make up Batman 's rogues gallery , including his archenemy , the Joker . The character became popular soon after his introduction in 1939 and gained his own comic book title , Batman , the following year . As the decades went on , differing interpretations of the character emerged . The late 1960s Batman television series used a camp aesthetic , which continued to be associated with the character for years after the show ended . Various creators worked to return the character to his dark roots , culminating in 1986 with The Dark Knight Returns by Frank Miller . The success of Warner Bros. ' live-action Batman feature films have helped maintain the public 's interest in the character . An American cultural icon , Batman has been licensed and adapted into a variety of media , from radio to television and film , and appears on various merchandise sold all over the world , such as toys and video games . The character has also intrigued psychiatrists , with many trying to understand the character 's psyche . In 2015 , FanSided ranked Batman as number one on their list of `` 50 Greatest Super Heroes In Comic Book History '' . Kevin Conroy , Bruce Greenwood , Peter Weller , Anthony Ruivivar , Jason O'Mara , and Will Arnett , among others , have provided the character 's voice for animated adaptations . Batman has been portrayed in both film and television by Lewis Wilson , Robert Lowery , Adam West , Michael Keaton , Val Kilmer , George Clooney , Christian Bale , and Ben Affleck .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "8c93e9c58a7a35ac9770cbb52fef472f",
"text": "Captain Triumph Captain Triumph is a superhero from the Golden Age of Comics who first appeared in Crack Comics # 27 , published in January 1943 by Quality Comics . The character was later obtained by DC Comics , though by that time he had already lapsed into the public domain . Some of his Golden Age adventures were reprinted by AC Comics in the Men of Mystery anthology . He is not to be confused with another DC Comics property , Triumph .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b61ff6beb43774616f53113030965da7",
"text": "Millennium Edition (DC Comics) Millennium Edition was the umbrella title of 62 one-shot comic books published by DC Comics in 2000 and 2001 . It reprinted key issues from the history of the company such as the first appearance of notable characters , the relaunch of existing characters , or the start of major storylines . The oldest issue reprinted was Detective Comics # 1 ( March 1937 ) and the most recent was JLA # 1 ( January 1997 ) . Each issue of Millennium Edition had a gold foil logo stamped onto the front cover and a brief essay on the inside covers detailing the significance of the issue reprinted .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "17cca23a4f8b4fe74478837729e0dc53",
"text": "List of Batman (TV series) episodes The following is an episode list for the 1960s Batman television series . It also provides production notes and a list of notable guest stars .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2c61437d0b218778c0eda81a392a5cb5",
"text": "List of The Batman characters The following is a list of characters that have appeared in the television series The Batman , which ran from September 11 , 2004 to March 22 , 2008 . The animation style bears a strong resemblance to that of Jackie Chan Adventures , since Jeff Matsuda was the chief character designer for both shows . Many of the supervillains who appear in the series , like the characters Joker , Penguin and Riddler , are very different from those of their comic counterparts ( especially through their designs ) . While many characters adapted from the mainstream DC comics appear , some of them only appeared in the show 's tie-in comic called The Batman Strikes . Characters that were planned for a guest appearance but ultimately did not appear were Wonder Woman , Bizarro , Vigilante , and Owlman .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "18c0d84fb778741b9d2ae95ac24ee7a2",
"text": "Batman: Mask of the Phantasm Batman : Mask of the Phantasm ( also known as Batman : The Animated Movie ) is a 1993 American animated neo-noir superhero mystery film feauring the DC Comics character Batman . Directed by Eric Radomski and Bruce Timm , it is based on the hit TV series Batman : The Animated Series and was distributed by Warner Bros. . Pictures . The film was written by Alan Burnett , Paul Dini , Martin Pasko and Michael Reaves and stars the vocal talents of Kevin Conroy , Mark Hamill and Efrem Zimbalist , Jr. ( all reprising their roles from The Animated Series ) , in addition to Dana Delany , Hart Bochner , Stacy Keach , and Abe Vigoda . It revolves around Batman attempting to apprehend a mysterious vigilante who 's murdering Gotham City 's crime bosses . The film was originally thought of as a direct-to-video release . Warner Bros. ultimately decided for a theatrical release , giving the filmmakers a strenuous eight-month schedule . Mask of the Phantasm was released on December 25 , 1993 to widespread acclaim from critics , who praised the animation , voice performances , storyline and music , among others . However , due to the decision to release the film in theaters on such short notice , it failed at the box office . After its release on home video , the film found cult success and over the years developed a cult following . The film 's success led to two direct-to-video standalone sequels , Batman & Mr. Freeze : SubZero in 1997 and Mystery of the Batwoman in 2003 . In recent years , many publications including Time , IGN and WhatCulture , have ranked it as one of the best Batman films ever made and among the best animated films ever made .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5ac9b47f5bae389633a818d3a790276b",
"text": "The Dark Knight (film) The Dark Knight is a 2008 superhero film directed , co-produced , and co-written by Christopher Nolan . Featuring the DC Comics character Batman , the film is the second part of Nolan 's The Dark Knight Trilogy and a sequel to 2005 's Batman Begins , starring an ensemble cast including Christian Bale , Michael Caine , Heath Ledger , Gary Oldman , Aaron Eckhart , Maggie Gyllenhaal and Morgan Freeman . In the film , Bruce Wayne/Batman ( Bale ) , James Gordon ( Oldman ) and Harvey Dent ( Eckhart ) form an alliance to dismantle organized crime in Gotham City , but are menaced by a criminal mastermind known as the Joker ( Ledger ) who seeks to undermine Batman 's influence and create chaos . Nolan 's inspiration for the film was the Joker 's comic book debut in 1940 , the 1988 graphic novel The Killing Joke , and the 1996 series The Long Halloween , which retold Two-Face 's origin . The nickname `` the Dark Knight '' was first applied to Batman in Batman # 1 ( 1940 ) , in a story written by Bill Finger . The Dark Knight was filmed primarily in Chicago , as well as in several other locations in the United States , the United Kingdom , and Hong Kong . Nolan used IMAX 70 mm film cameras to film some sequences , including the Joker 's first appearance in the film . The film is dedicated to the memory of Ledger , who died on January 22 , 2008 , some months after the completed filming and six months before the film 's release , from a toxic combination of prescription drugs , leading to intense attention from the press and movie-going public . Warner Bros. initially created a viral marketing campaign for The Dark Knight , developing promotional websites and trailers highlighting screenshots of Ledger as the Joker . A co-production of the United States and the United Kingdom , The Dark Knight was released on July 16 , 2008 in Australia , on July 18 , 2008 , in North America , and on July 25 , 2008 , in the United Kingdom . Considered by film critics to be one of the best films of the 2000s and one of the best superhero films ever , the film received highly positive reviews and set numerous records during its theatrical run . The Dark Knight appeared on more critics ' top ten lists ( 287 ) than any other film of 2008 with the exception of WALL-E , and more critics ( 77 ) named The Dark Knight the best film of 2008 than any other film released that year . With over $ 1 billion in revenue worldwide , it is the 29th-highest-grossing film of all time , unadjusted for inflation . The film received eight Academy Award nominations ; it won the award for Best Sound Editing and Ledger was posthumously awarded Best Supporting Actor . The Dark Knight Rises , the final film in the trilogy , was released on July 20 , 2012 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c063c063888d2d28b1eaff155dc8c6db",
"text": "Batman: Year Two `` Year Two '' is the title of a four-part story arc featuring Batman , written by Mike W. Barr and illustrated by Alan Davis , Paul Neary , Alfredo Alcala , Mark Farmer and Todd McFarlane . It originally appeared in the American comic book Detective Comics # 575-578 , published by DC Comics . The story was initially a treatment by Barr titled `` Batman : 1980 '' , but it was released as `` Batman : Year Two '' following the success of Frank Miller 's `` Batman : Year One '' . This story was collected as a trade paperback in 1990 . In 2002 , DC Comics published a second printing of the trade paperback , this time with the addition of the one-shot sequel , Batman : Full Circle included , with the new edition retitled as Batman : Year Two - Fear The Reaper . Elements of the story were incorporated into the animated film Batman : Mask of the Phantasm .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3a16227d8ec67d4646d052c6e1052613",
"text": "Egghead (DC Comics) Egghead is a fictional character created for the 1960s Batman television series . Played by horror film mainstay Vincent Price , the character was identifiable by his pale bald head and white and yellow suit . He believes himself to be `` the world 's smartest criminal , '' and his crimes usually have an egg motif to them ; he also includes egg-related puns in his speech ( `` egg-zactly '' , `` egg-cellent '' , etc. ) . Additionally , he would use a wide assortment of egg-shaped weapons , such as laughing gas eggs and tear gas eggs ( laid by chickens on a diet of onions ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "66cc750c8f60970b1147c6727618743c",
"text": "List of Batman storylines List of all DC Comics ' Batman storylines .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2b8c8085016bfdb091f17fe3b98fcf31",
"text": "Batwing (DC Comics) Batwing is a fictional comic book superhero appearing in publications by DC Comics . Within DC Comics internal continuity , Batwing is one of several superheroes patterned after the famous superhero Batman . Batwing , in particular , was conceived by Batman as his crime-fighting counterpart overseas , ` the Batman of Africa ' . The first Batwing is David Zavimbe , a Congolese police officer , created by writer Grant Morrison within the pages of Batman Incorporated prior to receiving his own eponymous series . Following later events within Batman Incorporated and Batwing , Zavimbe is replaced in the role by Luke Fox , an American mixed martial artist who had been Batman 's first choice in the role , who is also the son of Batman 's close associate Lucius Fox . Batwing faces a roster of adversaries ranging from international super villains to the Democratic Republic of Congo 's corrupt police force . Batwing expands the DC Universe by taking place in Africa , making David Zavimbe both the first ( in continuity ) black Batman and one of the few characters headlining a series outside the United States . Fox is also black , and becomes the first in-continuity African American Batman .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b80b35a47f21412aac8661be4a3654cb",
"text": "Dark Knight (nickname) The Dark Knight is the nickname of the superhero Batman who appears in American comic books published by DC Comics . Batman was first referred to by the nickname in Batman # 1 ( Spring 1940 ) , in a story written by Bill Finger .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cf789691a82a61bbc807d937d5c5f5e1",
"text": "Wayne of Gotham Wayne of Gotham is a novel by Tracy Hickman and is about the fictional superhero Batman . The book was published on December 4 , 2012 . A GraphicAudio audiobook was recorded in 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3a3ea2d52e596354ca4f5cb5ec32d2e7",
"text": "Batman Live Batman Live is a touring stage show , including theatrical , circus and stage-magic elements , that focuses on the DC Comics superhero Batman . It debuted on July 19 , 2011 at the Manchester Evening News Arena , with two and a half years in the making at a reported cost of about # 7.5 million .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d79cea92df7f554cf6d5ebf812ba4140",
"text": "Bronze Man Bronze Man is a fictional comic-book superhero in comics published by Fox Feature Syndicate . He first appeared in Blue Beetle # 42 ( July/August 1946 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9d7a5a2cda2ca5d3ac3663e935d4d3bf",
"text": "Batman: Whatever Happened to the Caped Crusader? `` Whatever Happened to the Caped Crusader ? '' is a 2009 story featuring the DC Comics character Batman . The story is published in two parts , in the `` final '' issues of the series Batman ( # 686 ) and Detective Comics ( # 853 ) , released February and April respectively . Written by Neil Gaiman , pencilled by Andy Kubert , and inked by Scott Williams , the story is purported to be the `` last '' Batman story in the wake of severe psychological trauma that Batman endures within the Batman R.I.P. story , and his ultimate fate in Final Crisis . The story 's title is a reference to the backup stories published in DC Comics Presents from the early 1970s to the mid-1980s ( which revisited various long-unused Golden Age and Silver Age characters ; these stories were all titled `` Whatever Happened to ( x ) ? '' ) akin to writer Alan Moore 's `` last '' Superman story Whatever Happened to the Man of Tomorrow ? .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f362d900c09ae8dfbaf0fbe49511ac1c",
"text": "Invisible Hood The Invisible Hood is a fictional superhero in the DC Comics Universe . He was originally owned by Quality Comics , but was later acquired by DC Comics , along with other Quality characters . He first appeared in Smash Comics # 1 ( August 1939 ) , and was created by Art Pinajian , Pinajian illustrated the story under the pseudonym `` Art Gordon '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "605262d539418342a2bcb935e0a0c761",
"text": "The Rise of the Blue Beetle! `` The Rise of the Blue Beetle '' is the first episode of the animated television series Batman : The Brave and the Bold . The episode introduces Blue Beetle in his first on-screen appearance .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2c41bc359d723c3ca55f99c77ddf6631",
"text": "Mister Mxyzptlk Mister Mxyzptlk ( -LSB- mɪksˈjɛzpɪtlɪk -RSB- , -LSB- ˈmɪksɪlplɪk -RSB- or -LSB- mɪksˈjɛzpɪtəlɪk -RSB- ) , sometimes called Mxy , is a fictional impish character who appears in DC Comics ' Superman comic books , sometimes as a supervillain and other times as an antihero . Mr. Mxyzptlk was created to appear in Superman # 30 ( Sept. 1944 ) , in the story `` The Mysterious Mr. Mxyzptlk '' , by writer Jerry Siegel and artist Ira Yarborough . But due to publishing lag time , the character saw print first in the Superman daily comic strip by writer Whitney Ellsworth and artist Wayne Boring . He is usually presented as a trickster , in the classical mythological sense , in that he possesses reality warping powers with which he enjoys tormenting Superman in a cartoonish way . In most of his appearances in DC Comics , he can be stopped only by tricking him into saying or spelling his own name backwards ( Kltpzyxm - `` kel-tip-zix-um '' ) , which will return him to his home in the 5th dimension and keep him there for a minimum of ninety days . However , this specific limitation of the character has been eliminated since the Crisis on Infinite Earths reboot , upon which the character leaves only when he willingly agrees to do so after meeting some conditions he sets , such as having Superman succeed in getting Mxyzptlk to paint his own face blue . In 2009 , Mister Mxyzptlk was ranked as IGN 's 76th-Greatest Comic Book Villain of All Time .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "25eac6cf6a251e248f8d7ab0fd85f21d",
"text": "Gotham Central Gotham Central is a police procedural comic-book series that was published by DC Comics . It was written by Ed Brubaker and Greg Rucka , with pencils initially by Michael Lark . The story focused on the Gotham City Police Department and the difficulties of its officers living and working in Gotham City , home of Batman .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1c2df724986fff210bafeece16e480ea",
"text": "Court of Owls The Court of Owls is an organized crime group and secret society appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics , commonly in association with the superhero Batman . They have secretly existed since colonial times in Gotham City . The Court kidnaps child performers from the circus , only to train and transform them into their assassins , known as Talons . As part of the 2015-2016 `` Robin War '' storyline , the Court of Owls had expanded internationally and is referred to as the Parliament of Owls .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
de6887d6b4072fe22d7d72806a90a711
|
A free DVD copy of Take Me High was sent out with The Guardian.
|
[
{
"docid": "b66bd0c776b619ac59e3d7cf639e4d63",
"text": "Take Me High Take Me High is a 1973 British feature film , directed by David Askey , written by Christopher Penfold and starring Cliff Richard in his final film role , with Deborah Watling , Hugh Griffith , George Cole and Anthony Andrews . Set and filmed in Birmingham , it featured many landmarks from the city , including Gas Street Basin , Alpha Tower , the Council House ( as a hotel ) , Spaghetti Junction , New Street , Corporation Street , Central Library and the Hall of Memory . It was released on Warner Home Video in 1988 as a VHS tape , but has never been given a retail release on DVD , however a free DVD of the film was issued with The Daily Mail on 25 September 2010 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "58cc466f3d288b7c9007f75fb827ae09",
"text": "Moviestar.ie Moviestar.ie was an DVD-by-mail website , offering flat rate subscription to customers in Ireland . Customers paid a monthly flat-fee service for the rental of films and TV series on DVD . Once subscribed , the customers created an ordered list , called a rental queue , of DVDs to rent . The DVDs were delivered individually via the An Post from a central distribution centre . Customers paid the monthly flat-rate , and could keep the DVDs as long as they liked ; however their next choice would not be sent to them until they returned their current choice in a supplied free-post envelope . Users were asked to post their reviews and ratings for each DVD , and this user-generated content was publicly viewable . The website won at the 2006 Golden Spider Awards for the Best Website Launched in 2006 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "111e9b33fcbc91f97a48898c2b3142be",
"text": "BFI Flipside BFI Flipside is a series of Dual Format Editions ( DVD and Blu-ray released together ) which was launched in May 2009 and is published by the British Film Institute 's Video label . The series so far features a total of 65 feature and short films , as well as 10 archive interviews with the likes of Spike Milligan , Peter Cook and Richard Lester . The BFI Flipside charts `` the untold history of British film '' , and includes performances by such celebrated actors as John Hurt , Jane Asher , Ian McNeice , Richard O'Brien , Tom Bell , Peter Cook , Barry Evans , Denholm Elliott and Judy Geeson in films directed by the likes of Clive Donner , Richard Lester , Barney Platts-Mills , John Irvin , Stuart Cooper , Guy Hamilton , Peter Watkins and James Hill . Each BFI Flipside edition includes a feature film presentation that is complemented by additional film content ( sometimes a second feature film by the same director , or a selection of short films which are related to the main feature by subject , era , actor or director ) . Each release is packaged in distinctive artwork which carries the volume number on the spine , and with a comprehensive booklet containing informative essays , full cast and credit information , original film reviews and reproductions of original promotional material . The Flipside is dedicated to releasing British film titles which have never been available on any home video format before ( though some exceptions have been noted by the label 's founder and programmer ) , and all films are newly mastered to High Definition from the best available film materials from the BFI National Archive or from the collections of filmmakers . Each title was originally released on both DVD and Blu-ray , but since The Pleasure Girls in a dual format release .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "400add09ec3e43e31ddebcc8f291491b",
"text": "Living for the Weekend (Hard-Fi song) `` Living for the Weekend '' is the fourth single from English indie rock band Hard-Fi , from their debut album Stars of CCTV . It was released on 5 September 2005 and peaked at number 15 on the UK Singles Chart . `` Living for the Weekend '' was written by Hard-Fi frontman Richard Archer , and has been heavily featured in a Lifestyle Sports commercial in Ireland , and an Carling commercial in the United Kingdom . It has also been featured on the Winter Olympics Special of BBC 's Top Gear and in the CSI episode `` Time of Your Death '' . The single cover does not bear the `` Parental Advisory '' sticker in spite of the lyrics : `` Ah shit ! '' about halfway through the song . The Sugababes also covered this song , which appeared on their single `` Follow Me Home '' as well as the Radio 1 's Live Lounge compilation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1588ebd5d2426ab892c79872674a617f",
"text": "Take Hart Take Hart is a British children 's television show about art , presented by Tony Hart . It took over from Vision On , and ran from 1977 until 1983 . The show featured Hart and the animated Plasticine character Morph , and other characters created by David Sproxton like ` Smoulder the Moulder ' , which was a lump of mould which would create props by ` spraying ' them out of a spray can . The only other human to appear on a regular basis was Mr Bennett , the caretaker , played by Colin Bennett . The programme won a BAFTA award for Hart in 1984 . As well as demonstrating small-scale projects ( the type that viewers might be able to do ) , Hart also created large-scale artworks on the TV studio floor , and even used beaches and other open spaces as ` canvases ' ( to be viewed from a camera-crane ) . This idea was later adopted by Art Attack , which began in 1990 . A regular feature of the show was ` The Gallery ' , which displayed artworks sent in by young viewers . The easy-listening vibraphone music accompanying this feature - `` Left Bank Two '' , composed by Wayne Hill - has passed into British TV musical lore . In later series , `` Left Bank Two '' alternated with John Williams ' recording of `` Cavatina '' , which is also well-remembered by many viewers . By the end of the eighth series in December 1983 , Hart felt that the format of the show , which essentially continued with much of the format of its predecessor Vision On , had become somewhat outdated and routine . Despite the award of a BAFTA in early 1984 , viewing figures for Take Hart by 1983 had gradually fallen since the series ' heyday in the late 1970s . In an attempt to update the image of the series , Take Hart was dropped in December 1983 , and replaced by the relatively more popular series Hartbeat . Some 2 inch Quadruplex videotape master copies of Take Hart episodes were irretrievably junked by Adam Lee of the BBC archives in 1993 on the assumption that they were ` no use ' and that examples of some other episodes were sufficient . A few months later , access to the material was requested by the head of Children 's BBC 's light entertainment department for a documentary on Tony Hart .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ce8dc1eb9c2286e97e4095f78cf77b1c",
"text": "Put 'Em High `` Put 'Em High '' is a song by Swedish producer StoneBridge from his album Ca n't Get Enough ( 2004 ) . The song was released on Hed Kandi in the UK and features vocals from Therese . The radio edit by JJ reached # 6 on the UK charts . Therese re-released the song on her label Vixon Records in 2015 . In 2016 , the track was re-released on StoneBridge 's label Stoney Boy Music , along with new remixes . The re-release hit number one on the US Dance Club Songs chart . The updated radio edit was subsequently featured on the re-release of the album Ca n't Get Enough .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "96adb0b797f64d67b851de14ab15f8fe",
"text": "Take a Seat Take A Seat is a tandem bicycle touring project created by Dominic Gill . The film was shown on television in the United Kingdom and was also released as a book .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "89b3338e2acb3cc55db5399504256a83",
"text": "DVD authoring DVD authoring is the process of creating a DVD video capable of playing on a DVD player . DVD authoring software must conform to the specifications set by the DVD Forum . DVD authoring is the second step in the process of producing finished DVDs . The first step is the creation of the movie ( or programme ) and the second , the authoring , is the creation of artwork , user menus , insertion of chapter points , overdubs/commentaries , setting autoplay and/or repeat options , etc. . The final step is the manufacturing ( replication ) process to mass-produce finished DVDs . Strictly speaking , DVD authoring differs from the process of MPEG encoding , but most DVD authoring software has a built-in encoder , although separate encoders are still used when better quality or finer control over compression settings are required . Most DVD-authoring applications focus exclusively on video DVDs and do not support the authoring of DVD-Audio discs . Stand-alone DVD recorder units generally have basic authoring functions , though the creator of the DVD has little or no control over the layout of the DVD menus , which generally differ between models and brands .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0ba0b8a7907ade12a2c8a40144852679",
"text": "Warrior's Dance `` Warrior 's Dance '' is the twentieth single released by the British electronic band The Prodigy on 11 May 2009 , and it is the second commercial single from the album Invaders Must Die after `` Omen '' and the free `` promo '' single `` Invaders Must Die '' . The track 's chorus is a sample of `` Take Me Away '' by Final Cut with True Faith . It also contains beat samples from `` Let The Warriors Dance '' by Addis Posse . The digital single was released on 17 April in Australia , exclusively on iTunes , although only the `` Edit '' version with none of the remixes is also available . When released on iTunes Australia the song was titled incorrectly and the download was actually a song from Placebo , this issue was fixed later on . The song peaked at number 9 on the UK Singles Chart . The song was also featured in the soundtrack of the game Colin McRae : Dirt 2",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2df18e64e598f1028903a38e03510354",
"text": "R.E.M. Live R.E.M. Live is a live album from R.E.M. , recorded at the Point Theatre , Dublin , on February 26 and 27 , 2005 , the closing nights of the winter European leg of the Around the World Tour in support of their thirteenth studio album Around the Sun released in late 2004 . It was released in the United Kingdom on October 15 , 2007 and in the United States a day later as a two-Compact Disc audio set and a DVD , then released in February 2008 as a triple vinyl set . The performance was filmed by Blue Leach , who also directed Depeche Mode 's Touring the Angel : Live in Milan . R.E.M. Live features rare performances of `` I Took Your Name '' from 1994 's Monster and `` Ascent of Man '' from Around The Sun as well as the previously unreleased `` I 'm Gon na DJ . '' A studio version of that song would later appear on the band 's 2008 effort , Accelerate . On September 26 , 2007 , the band launched R.E.M. Live Zine to solicit reviews from fans and promote the album . The DVD has the option for stereo or digital 5.1 surround sound .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a8e5bcac34163d54ddb4eeefee408637",
"text": "The Beat (magazine) The Beat is a free magazine for young Londoners .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "14f86eb8b84c5a12db5cefc756a8ff89",
"text": "Free Cinema Free Cinema was a documentary film movement that emerged in the United Kingdom in the mid-1950s . The term referred to an absence of propagandised intent or deliberate box office appeal . Co-founded by Lindsay Anderson , though he later disdained the ` movement ' tag , with Karel Reisz , Tony Richardson and Lorenza Mazzetti . The movement began with a programme of three short films at the National Film Theatre , London , on 5 February 1956 . The programme was such a success that five more programmes appeared under the Free Cinema banner before the founders decided to end the series . The last event was held in March 1959 . Three of the screenings consisted of work from overseas film makers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6a01838dd23325366dce9fd0d9c8deed",
"text": "Privilege (Set Me Free) `` Privilege ( Set Me Free ) '' is song by the Patti Smith Group and released as the second single from their 1978 album Easter . The original version of the song was titled `` Free Me '' and was written by Mel London and Mike Leander for the 1967 film Privilege . Patti spoke sections of Psalm 23 over the instrumental bridge among other lyrical additions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0224c805a7258f82080ac2267077ecf1",
"text": "Me Doing Stand-Up Norm Macdonald : Me Doing Stand-Up is a stand up DVD by comedian Norm Macdonald released by Comedy Central Records . `` Norm Macdonald . Me Doing Stand-Up '' DVD was released by Comedy Central on June 14 , 2011 . Containing special features , deleted scenes and all completely uncensored and uncut .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "83c32b19c50bb911fabe87f2d861eb93",
"text": "Set Me Free (Jermaine Stewart song) `` Set Me Free '' is a song from American singer Jermaine Stewart . Released in 1992 , it would be the last single of his music career . The song was released as the lead single from the album of the same name `` Set Me Free '' , however the album itself was pulled from release , and as such remains unreleased to date . `` Set Me Free '' was written by Stewart and DJ and music producer Jesse Saunders . Saunders , one of the pioneers of House music , also produced the single , as well as the entire `` Set Me Free '' album . The song is not to be confused with a song of the same name , written by Derek Bramble , which Stewart had previously recorded for his 1989 album `` What Becomes a Legend Most '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8713a91e56d5a2eef96f2f365288ac97",
"text": "The Secret Policeman's Ball 2008 The Secret Policeman 's Ball 2008 was a show in the Secret Policeman 's Balls series of benefit shows for Amnesty International . In July 2008 , Amnesty announced that it would present another show in its long-running series Like its 2006 predecessor the show was a single-night live event at London 's Royal Albert Hall , on Saturday 4 October 2008 . In common with other recent Amnesty benefit shows , the majority of the performers were British ( or UK-based ) and well-known primarily only in Great Britain , the one Canadian comedian Russell Peters appeared via a pre-recorded video-tape . Performers who were listed to perform were : Frank Skinner Alan Carr Graham Norton Sean Lock Kristen Schaal Fearne Cotton Matt Berry Katherine Parkinson Mitchell and Webb Jason Manford Shappi Khorsandi Russell Howard Russell Peters ( via video-tape ) Katy Brand Tim Minchin Sarah Millican Kayvan Novak Meera Syal Sean Williamson Sharon Horgan Nick Mohammed Dan Clark David Armand Eddie Izzard Ed Byrne Deborah Meaden Jon Culshaw Gok Wan Michael Fenton Stevens Keane Razorlight The 3-hour event was video-taped and a 95-minute television special adapted from the show was broadcast the following day , Sunday 5 October 2008 , on Britain 's Channel Four . There was also a `` cinecast '' in which the Royal Albert Hall event was shown live in 35 cinemas in major British cities . It was also available live in 4 cinemas in Australia . The `` cinecast '' was available in cinemas in six of Canada 's thirteen provinces and territories . The Cineplex cinema chain made the film available on 50 of its 1,317 screens , however Amnesty and Cineplex did not announce the Canadian `` cinecast '' until Wednesday October 1 2008 , just three days before the screenings which did not allow time for the event to be effectively promoted in Canada .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1556f3a85fd03dc69f4e58c066afb7f5",
"text": "Live at Wembley Stadium (Spice Girls DVD) Spice Girls Live at Wembley Stadium is the DVD of pop band Spice Girls ' tour , Spiceworld Tour , in 1998 . The show was recorded at Wembley Stadium on 20 September and was released on 24 November 1998 . The show was recorded after Geri Halliwell left the band . Halliwell later revealed on the documentary Giving You Everything that she watched the two-hour show from her home in the United Kingdom after only quitting the band 4 months prior and said `` it was one of the hardest things I 've ever had to do '' and that it was `` so painful '' , to which Melanie Brown jokingly replied `` that 's her own fault '' . It received a DVD release on 6 October 2008 in the United Kingdom .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2628bf087f7c0feed1c45a1a00ceaf12",
"text": "Project Guardian Project Guardian is a joint initiative between British Transport Police ( BTP ) , the Metropolitan Police Service ( `` the Met '' ) , the City of London Police , and Transport for London ( TfL ) , which aims to combat and increase reporting of sexual harassment on public transport in London . The initiative was inspired by a similar operation in Boston , Massachusetts , and began after a TfL survey revealed that 15 % of women who used London 's public transport had experienced some form of unwanted sexual behaviour , but that the overwhelming majority of incidents were not reported to the police . Project Guardian aimed to increase reporting and reduce instances of such behaviour . As part of the project , the police created a confidential hotline and text-messaging service and used social media to raise awareness and encourage reporting . They also staged several `` weeks of action '' , involving increased patrolling of public transport by both uniformed and plain-clothed police officers , including a joint initiative with police officers in several cities in North America , several of which resulted in multiple arrests . In August 2014 , the BTP recorded a 21 % increase in sex offences , a rise which was attributed partially to increased reporting as result of Project Guardian .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "208267ee4dcaaed76e204b0db49c2799",
"text": "Robert Page (Lifetime Group) Robert Page MA is best known for having created The Lovers ' Guide in 1991 , when the British Board of Film Classification allowed him to make an explicit adult sex education title for release on video . It immediately went to Number One in the UK video charts and went into 13 languages and 22 territories . He has since supervised The Lovers ' Guide '' 's growth into a library of ten videos and DVDs ( distributed by such blue-chip companies as Universal , ITV Video , VCI , and Warners and shown on pay-per-view on Sky Box Office ) ; three books ( Pan Macmillan , Bloomsbury and Carlton Publishing ) ; two CD ROMs ( Waddington 's , YTV/Thomson Int ` l ) ; 85 issues of a part-work/magazine ( Marshall Cavendish ) ; games including Fun-in-Bed ( Double-G ) ; card packs -- The Lovers ' Guide Lovemaking Deck ( Connections Publishing ) ; a major website at www.loversguide.com ; and various mobile applications including Text Tips 4 Lovers , a daily sex tip service for Channel 4 . The Lovers ' Guide has also featured in two dedicated documentaries : The Making of the Lovers ' Guide on Channel 5 and Daring Himself on Sky One and there are iTV games and quizzes produced by PlayJam and Two Way TV . The Lovers ' Guide reached number 63 in Channel 4 's 100 Sexiest Movie Moments and earned Robert Page a place on the 100 strong Happy List in the Independent on Sunday -LSB- 27.04.08 -RSB- . As founder -LSB- 1985 -RSB- , Chairman and Chief Executive of the Lifetime Group , Page helped create with the Virgin Group the non-fiction sell-through video business , producing many how-to videos with such names as Alan Titchmarsh , Eric Idle , Susannah York , Johnny Morris , and Dr Desmond Morris . Some of the successes included : The Y Plan exercise series and The Scott and Charlene Love Story ( compiled from Neighbours ) . He has also produced many TV series including the drama series Runaway Bay ( 27 eps ITV & FR2 ) , documentaries including three series of Floyd on ... ( for BBC ) , with Keith Floyd , Floyd on Spain , Floyd on Italy and Far Flung Floyd ; two series of Go Wild ! ( for ITV ) , two series of Dating the Enemy ( for ITV ) , Dr Desmond Morris ' The Animal Contract ( 3 × 1hr -- winner Hollywood Genesis Award ) and Dead Men 's Tales ( ITV ) . He produced the John Cleland classic , Fanny Hill , as a TV movie and is currently producing Anna as a feature film with L.A.-based Fairweather Entertainment . Robert began his career as a University Lecturer in Drama and Theatre Arts in Australia in 1974 and founded its first national magazine of the performing arts Theatre Australia which ran to 80 issues over 7 years and went to many countries around the world . From there he produced many arts documentaries for the Australian National Broadcasting Corporation and was given his own 90 mins per week arts series , Sunday Spectrum . His last broadcast was the Opening of the Australian National Gallery by Her Majesty the Queen '' on live television before returning to England in 1983 and founding the Lifetime Group .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ee5f3fd9ce4a5659b4a61826101ba52e",
"text": "Michael Jackson's Vision Michael Jackson 's Vision is a deluxe DVD box set by American recording artist Michael Jackson . It was released on November 22 , 2010 by Epic Records , Legacy Recordings , and Jackson 's own label , MJJ Productions . It includes three DVDs , featuring 4.5 hours of content of 42 music videos with newly restored color and remastered audio . Jackson referred to each of these productions as a `` short film '' and not a music video . This is the first time that all of Jackson 's videos have been released on DVD . According to a statement by the producers , the video recognizes Jackson 's `` pioneering short films that transformed the entertainment industry with timeless , pop culture classics '' . Disc one features videos from the albums Off the Wall , Thriller and Bad and disc two features videos from the albums Dangerous , HIStory : Past , Present and Future , Book I , Blood on the Dance Floor : HIStory in the Mix and Invincible . The third disc , which is a bonus disc , features seven videos . Michael Jackson 's Vision includes the full-length versions of the John Landis-directed `` Thriller '' and `` Black or White '' as well as the classic `` Bad '' directed by Academy Award winning filmmaker Martin Scorsese . Also included in the boxed set are Jackson 's collaborations with other noted film directors such as John Singleton , Spike Lee and David Fincher as well as `` Ghosts , '' his rarely seen collaboration with special effects legend Stan Winston . Michael Jackson 's Vision is available in a limited edition boxed set featuring a 60-page glossy hard-bound book that includes behind-the-scenes photos from Jackson 's videos , which includes information for each video including : songwriter , album , director , production date , location and photography . Ten music videos previously unavailable on DVD including `` One More Chance '' are included . It was also released on the iTunes Store and has iTunes LP features . The videos `` Smooth Criminal '' , `` Speed Demon '' , `` Come Together '' , and `` Leave Me Alone '' come from Jackson 's 1988 film Moonwalker . The `` Smooth Criminal '' segment is actually over 40 minutes long but only the 10-minute song and dance scene is featured . The video `` Another Part of Me '' is from Jackson 's Bad World Tour and `` Will You Be There '' is from the Dangerous World Tour . The `` HIStory '' video is the only short film that is not included in this box set . The original music video of `` Blood on the Dance Floor '' is replaced with the Refugee Camp Mix for unknown reasons . The videos for The Jacksons ' songs `` Torture '' and `` Body '' are also not included , because Michael did not appear in either of them , despite having a verse in each of them . Also not included is the music video for The Jacksons ' `` 2300 Jackson Street '' . On February 15 , 2011 , Michael Jackson 's Vision was certified 5 × Platinum by RIAA for the sales of over 0.5 million units in the United States . On December 31 , 2010 , it was also certified Diamond in France ( for the sales of over 60 000 units ) and 2 × Platinum in Australia . On May 29 , 2011 , it was also certified Gold in New Zealand . It has been also certified Gold in Austria and Platinum in Poland . Reception over the video and audio quality of the box set has been mixed . As the videos are played in 16:9 , videos with a 4:3 aspect ratio are pillarboxed and as a result the resolution is lower than some previous DVDs . Also , the audio is mixed in PCM stereo instead of 5.1 Surround as in many previous DVDs .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fe038b9bba4787c3cd73732a8933bbc6",
"text": "Set You Free This Time `` Set You Free This Time '' is a song by the American folk rock band The Byrds , written by band member Gene Clark and first released in December 1965 on the group 's Turn ! Turn ! Turn ! album . According to Clark , the song was written in just a few hours during The Byrds ' 1965 British tour , after a night spent carousing with Paul McCartney at the Scotch of St James club in London . The song 's lead vocal is performed by Clark , who also plays acoustic guitar and harmonica on the track . `` Set You Free This Time '' concerns the breakup of a relationship and Clark 's vocal inflections and densely worded lyrics suggest the influence of Bob Dylan . The song also has a vague country rock feel to it , largely due to the song 's melody and Clark 's harmonica solo . The chord progression and rhythm of the song , however , are atypical of country music . Following its appearance on the Turn ! Turn ! Turn ! album , the song was issued as the A-side of a single on January 10 , 1966 . However , initial sales were relatively poor , with the single only managing to reach # 79 on the Billboard Hot 100 . As a result , Columbia Records in America began promoting the single 's B-side `` It Wo n't Be Wrong '' instead , which resulted in the single eventually climbing to # 63 . In the UK , after a review in the NME stated that the B-side was better than `` Set You Free This Time '' , CBS Records went a step further and actually re-released the single with `` It Wo n't Be Wrong '' as the A-side . This re-issuing of essentially the same single twice within two weeks caused confusion among British radio DJs over which of the two songs they should play and contributed to the single 's failure to chart . To accompany its UK release as a single , the BBC commissioned a short promotional film from The Byrds . However , on the day of filming a physical altercation occurred between the band 's manager Jim Dickson and rhythm guitarist David Crosby and although some footage was shot , the clip was never aired . Despite its lack of commercial success , the single release of `` Set You Free This Time '' gained mostly positive reviews in the music press . The first edition of Crawdaddy ! magazine described it as `` a lovely , moving song with Dylan-like 20-syllabal lines deckful of well chosen words . '' In the UK , Penny Valentine was complimentary in her review of the song for Disc magazine , commenting `` On first play , I did n't like it - but now I do . It 's rather unByrd-like and very , very Dylan-like . It 's slow and gentle and rather sad about never being a person who had much , and though she laughed at him and has now come for help , he does n't hold a grudge . Ahh ! '' The Beatles ' drummer , Ringo Starr , reviewing the single for Melody Maker , commented `` I only heard it the other day . They can do no wrong in my book . Great record , man , I love the voices . '' During February 1966 , The Byrds performed `` Set You Free This Time '' on the U.S. television programs Hollywood A Go-Go , Where The Action Is , The Lloyd Thaxton Show , and Shivaree . However , the song disappeared from the band 's live concert repertoire following Clark 's departure from the group in March 1966 . During his solo career , Clark would often return to the song in live concerts and consequently , it appears on his live albums In Concert and Silverado ' 75 : Live & Unreleased . The Byrds ' recording of `` Set You Free This Time '' is included on several of the band 's compilation albums , including The Original Singles : 1965 -- 1967 , Volume 1 , The Essential Byrds , There Is a Season , and the expanded and remastered edition of The Byrds ' Greatest Hits . It has also been included on the Gene Clark compilations , Echoes , American Dreamer 1964 -- 1974 , Flying High , and Set You Free : Gene Clark in The Byrds 1964 -- 1973 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
2dbf74143938efc83688b4679515ff96
|
William McKinley was a United States citizen.
|
[
{
"docid": "c5e479597257631dd5f8c26deb9be017",
"text": "William McKinley William McKinley Jr. ( January 29 , 1843 -- September 14 , 1901 ) was an American politician and lawyer who served as the 25th President of the United States from March 4 , 1897 until his assassination in September 1901 , six months into his second term . McKinley led the nation to victory in the Spanish -- American War , raised protective tariffs to promote American industry , and maintained the nation on the gold standard in a rejection of inflationary proposals . McKinley was the last president to have served in the American Civil War , and the only one to have started the war as an enlisted soldier , beginning as a private in the Union Army and ending as a brevet major . After the war , he settled in Canton , Ohio , where he practiced law and married Ida Saxton . In 1876 , he was elected to Congress , where he became the Republican Party 's expert on the protective tariff , which he promised would bring prosperity . His 1890 McKinley Tariff was highly controversial ; which together with a Democratic redistricting aimed at gerrymandering him out of office , led to his defeat in the Democratic landslide of 1890 . He was elected Ohio 's governor in 1891 and 1893 , steering a moderate course between capital and labor interests . With the aid of his close adviser Mark Hanna , he secured the Republican nomination for president in 1896 , amid a deep economic depression . He defeated his Democratic rival , William Jennings Bryan , after a front-porch campaign in which he advocated `` sound money '' ( the gold standard unless altered by international agreement ) and promised that high tariffs would restore prosperity . Rapid economic growth marked McKinley 's presidency . He promoted the 1897 Dingley Tariff to protect manufacturers and factory workers from foreign competition , and in 1900 , he secured the passage of the Gold Standard Act . McKinley hoped to persuade Spain to grant independence to rebellious Cuba without conflict , but when negotiation failed , he led the nation into the Spanish -- American War of 1898 ; the U.S. victory was quick and decisive . As part of the peace settlement , Spain turned over to the United States its main overseas colonies of Puerto Rico , Guam , and the Philippines ; Cuba was promised independence , but at that time remained under the control of the U.S. Army . The United States annexed the independent Republic of Hawaii in 1898 and it became a U.S. territory . Historians regard McKinley 's 1896 victory as a realigning election , in which the political stalemate of the post -- Civil War era gave way to the Republican-dominated Fourth Party System , which began with the Progressive Era . McKinley defeated Bryan again in the 1900 presidential election , in a campaign focused on imperialism , protectionism , and free silver . However , his legacy was quickly cut short when he was shot on September 6 , 1901 by Leon Czolgosz , a second-generation Polish-American with anarchist leanings ; McKinley died eight days later , and was succeeded by his Vice President Theodore Roosevelt . As an innovator of American interventionism and pro-business sentiment , McKinley 's presidency is generally considered above average , though his universally positive public perception was soon overshadowed by Roosevelt .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "66d472da30543ee97a8c9c4a4354a516",
"text": "United States–Central America Treaty The United States -- Central America Treaty ( formally , the Treaty of Peace , Amity , Commerce , and Navigation between the United States of America and the Federal Republic of Central America ) is an 1825 treaty between the United States and the Federal Republic of Central America . It was the second bilateral U.S. treaty concluded with a sovereign state in the Americas . The treaty was concluded on 5 December 1825 in Washington , D.C. by U.S. Secretary of State Henry Clay and Central American ambassador Antonio José Cañas . The treaty was ratified by both countries and it entered into force on 2 August 1826 when ratifications were exchanged in Guatemala City . The treaty was patterned after the 1824 Anderson -- Gual Treaty between the U.S. and Gran Colombia . Like the Anderson -- Gual Treaty , the 1825 treaty granted reciprocal most-favored-nation trading status . The articles of the treaty that addressed commercial and navigation matters expired after 12 years . When the Federal Republic of Central America formally ceased to exist in 1847 , the treaty lost its legal force .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6f1ef26d1adac19ba0aa3f8244b87930",
"text": "United States presidential election in New Hampshire, 1900 The 1900 United States presidential election in New Hampshire took place on November 6 , 1900 throughout 45 states . Voters chose four representatives , or electors to the Electoral College , who voted for President and Vice President . New Hampshire overwhelmingly voted for the Republican nominee , President William McKinley , over the Democratic nominee , former U.S. Representative and 1896 Democratic presidential nominee William Jennings Bryan . McKinley won New Hampshire by a margin of 20.91 % in this rematch of the 1896 presidential election . The return of economic prosperity and recent victory in the Spanish -- American War helped McKinley to score a decisive victory .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "65c5e76a8a4e9d243f49b747249a050b",
"text": "Wendell Willkie Wendell Lewis Willkie ( born Lewis Wendell Willkie ; February 18 , 1892 -- October 8 , 1944 ) was an American lawyer and corporate executive , and the 1940 Republican nominee for President . Willkie appealed to many convention delegates as the Republican field 's only interventionist : although the U.S. remained neutral prior to Pearl Harbor , he favored greater U.S. involvement in World War II to support Britain and other Allies . His Democratic opponent , incumbent President Franklin D. Roosevelt , won the 1940 election with about 55 % of the popular vote and took the electoral college vote by a wide margin . Willkie was born in Indiana in 1892 ; both his parents were lawyers , and he also became one . He served in World War I but was not sent to France until the final days of the war , and saw no action . Willkie settled in Akron , Ohio , where he was initially employed by Firestone , but left for a law firm , becoming one of the leaders of the Akron bar . Much of his work was representing electric utilities , and in 1929 Willkie accepted a job in New York City as counsel for Commonwealth & Southern Corporation ( C&S ) , a utility holding company . He was rapidly promoted , and became corporate president in 1933 . Roosevelt was sworn in as U.S. president soon after Willkie became head of C&S , and announced plans for a Tennessee Valley Authority ( TVA ) that would supply power in competition with C&S . Between 1933 and 1939 , Willkie fought against the TVA before Congress , in the courts , and before the public . He was ultimately unsuccessful , but sold C&S 's property for a good price , and gained public esteem . A longtime Democratic activist , Willkie changed his party registration to Republican in late 1939 . He did not run in the 1940 presidential primaries , but positioned himself as an acceptable choice for a deadlocked convention . He sought backing from uncommitted delegates , while his supporters -- many youthful -- enthusiastically promoted his candidacy . As German forces under Hitler rampaged through western Europe in 1940 , many Republicans did not wish to nominate an isolationist like Thomas E. Dewey , and turned to Willkie , who was nominated on the sixth ballot over Ohio Senator Robert A. Taft . Willkie 's support for aid to Britain removed it as a major factor in his race against Roosevelt , and Willkie also backed the president on a peacetime draft . Both men took more isolationist positions towards the end of the race . Roosevelt won an unprecedented third term , taking 38 of the 48 states . After the election , Willkie made two wartime foreign trips as Roosevelt 's informal envoy , and as nominal leader of the Republican Party gave the president his full support . This angered many conservatives , especially as Willkie increasingly advocated liberal or internationalist causes . Willkie ran for the Republican nomination in 1944 , but bowed out after a disastrous showing in the Wisconsin primary in April . He and Roosevelt discussed the possibility of forming , after the war , a liberal political party , but Willkie died in October 1944 before the idea could bear fruit . Willkie is remembered for giving Roosevelt vital political assistance in 1940 , which allowed the president to aid Britain in its time of crisis .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "91c01fe8365c2f50fc9253bf21c38fdc",
"text": "Chuck McKinley Charles Robert `` Chuck '' McKinley , Jr. ( January 5 , 1941 -- August 10 , 1986 ) was an American former World No. 1 men 's amateur tennis champion of the 1960s . He is remembered as an undersized , hard working dynamo , whose relentless effort and competitive spirit led American tennis to the top of the sport during a period heavily dominated by Australians . McKinley won the 1963 Men 's Singles Championship at Wimbledon , and as a result was ranked World No. 1 by some journalists . He paired with his college rival , Dennis Ralston , to win the 1963 Davis Cup , the only interruption in eight unbroken years of Australian dominance . He also paired with Ralston to win the U.S. Men 's Doubles championships three times , in 1961 , 1963 , and 1964 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d07ca56e75b1ace354098839a5810621",
"text": "Texas annexation The Texas annexation was the 1845 incorporation of the Republic of Texas into the United States of America , which was admitted to the Union as the 28th state on December 29 , 1845 . The Republic of Texas declared independence from the Republic of Mexico on March 2 , 1836 . At the time the vast majority of the Texian population favored the annexation of the Republic by the United States . The leadership of both major American political parties , the Democrats and the Whigs , opposed the introduction of Texas , a vast slave-holding region , into the volatile political climate of the pro- and anti-slavery sectional controversies in Congress . Moreover , they wished to avoid a war with Mexico , whose government refused to acknowledge the sovereignty of its rebellious northern province . With Texas 's economic fortunes declining by the early 1840s , the President of the Texas Republic , Sam Houston , arranged talks with Mexico to explore the possibility of securing official recognition of independence , with Great Britain mediating . In 1843 , U.S. President John Tyler , unaligned with any political party , decided independently to pursue the annexation of Texas in a bid to gain a base of popular support for another four years in office . His official motivation was to outmaneuver suspected diplomatic efforts by the British government for emancipation of slaves in Texas , which would undermine slavery in the United States . Through secret negotiations with the Houston administration , Tyler secured a treaty of annexation in April 1844 . When the documents were submitted to the US Senate for ratification , the details of the terms of annexation became public and the question of acquiring Texas took center stage in the presidential election of 1844 . Pro-Texas-annexation southern Democratic delegates denied their anti-annexation leader Martin Van Buren the nomination at their party 's convention in May 1844 . In alliance with pro-expansion northern Democratic colleagues , they secured the nomination of James K. Polk , who ran on a pro-Texas Manifest Destiny platform . In June 1844 , the Senate , with its Whig majority , soundly rejected the Tyler -- Texas treaty . The pro-annexation Democrat Polk narrowly defeated anti-annexation Whig Henry Clay in the November 1844 presidential election . In December 1844 , lame-duck President Tyler called on Congress to pass his treaty by simple majorities in each house . The Democratic-dominated House of Representatives complied with his request by passing an amended bill expanding on the pro-slavery provisions of the Tyler treaty . The Senate narrowly passed a compromise version of the House bill ( by the vote of the minority Democrats and several southern Whigs ) , designed to provide the incoming President-elect Polk the options of immediate annexation of Texas or new talks to revise the annexation terms of the House-amended bill . On March 1 , 1845 , President Tyler signed the annexation bill , and on March 3 ( his last day in office ) , he forwarded the House version to Texas , offering immediate annexation ( which preempted Polk ) . When Polk took office the next day , he encouraged Texas to accept the Tyler offer . Texas ratified the agreement with popular approval from Texans . The bill was signed by Polk on December 29 , 1845 , accepting Texas as the 28th state of the Union . Texas formally relinquished its sovereignty to the United States on February 19 , 1846 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bf899940b5b4e5c00ccec8e14dfbd99f",
"text": "List of Presidents of the United States who were Freemasons Of the 44 people who have been President of the United States , roughly one-third ( 14 , or by some counts 15 * ) were Freemasons . Along with the presidents listed below , Lyndon Johnson had been initiated into the 1st Degree of Freemasonry ( an `` Entered Apprentice '' ) but did not advance any further and did not become a full member of his lodge , Ronald Reagan was made an honorary Freemason , and Bill Clinton as a youth was a member of the Order of DeMolay . * - Because of LBJ 's initiation into the fraternal organization , many lists of Freemason Presidents include him , with a total of 15 . ( It can also be noted that some historians state that David Rice Atchison , member of Platte Lodge No. 56 , Mo , served as `` Ex-officio president '' for one day : March 4 , 1849 . )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9aea1fef8c08b583e46dcf0d8ff32bdd",
"text": "McKinley McKinley may refer to :",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "129e9cf5d678fe17d3d655e57e026899",
"text": "Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt The presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt began on March 4 , 1933 , when he was inaugurated as the 32nd President of the United States , and ended upon his death on April 12 , 1945 , a span of ( 4422 days ) . Roosevelt assumed the presidency in the midst of the Great Depression . Starting with his landslide victory over Republican President Herbert Hoover in the 1932 election . He won a record four presidential terms , and became a central figure in world affairs during World War II . His program for relief , recovery and reform , known as the New Deal , involved a great expansion of the role of the federal government in the economy . Under his steady leadership , the Democratic Party built a `` New Deal Coalition '' of labor unions , big city machines , white ethnics , African Americans , and rural white Southerners , that would significantly realign American politics for the next several decades in the Fifth Party System and also define modern American liberalism . During his first hundred days in office , Roosevelt spearheaded unprecedented major legislation and issued a profusion of executive orders that instituted the New Deal -- a variety of programs designed to produce relief ( government jobs for the unemployed ) , recovery ( economic growth ) , and reform ( through regulation of Wall Street , banks and transportation ) . He created numerous programs to support the unemployed and farmers , and to encourage labor union growth while more closely regulating business and high finance . The repeal of Prohibition in 1933 added to his popularity , helping him win re-election by a landslide in 1936 . The economy improved rapidly from 1933 to 1937 , but then relapsed into a deep recession in 1937 -- 38 . The bipartisan Conservative Coalition that formed in 1937 prevented his attempted packing of the Supreme Court , and blocked most of his legislative proposals , aside from the Fair Labor Standards Act . When the war began and unemployment largely became a non-issue , conservatives in Congress repealed the two major relief programs , the WPA and CCC , but kept most of the regulations on business . Along with several smaller programs , major surviving programs from the New Deal include the Securities and Exchange Commission , the Wagner Act , the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation , and Social Security . A potential worldwide war loomed after 1937 , with the Japanese invasion of China and the aggression of Nazi Germany , which invaded Poland in September 1939 . Roosevelt remained officially neutral but gave strong diplomatic and financial support to China , the United Kingdom , Free France , and the Soviet Union via initiatives such as the Lend-Lease programs . Following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7 , 1941 , Roosevelt sought and obtained a declaration of war upon Japan . A few days later , he sought and obtained a declaration of war upon the other major Axis powers , Germany and Italy . Assisted by his top aide Harry Hopkins , and with very strong national support , he worked closely with British Prime Minister Winston Churchill , Soviet leader Joseph Stalin , and Chinese Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek in leading the Allies during World War II . He supervised the mobilization of the U.S. economy to support the war effort , and the war saw the end of the massive unemployment that characterized the Great Depression . Roosevelt sought to desegregate the federal workforce with the Fair Employment Practice Committee , but he also controversially ordered the internment of 100,000 Japanese American civilians . As an active military leader , Roosevelt implemented a war strategy on two fronts that ended in the defeat of the Axis Powers and the development of the world 's first nuclear bomb . Though he died months before the end of the war , his work on the post-war order shaped the new United Nations and the Bretton Woods international financial system . Roosevelt 's health seriously declined during the war years , and he died three months into his fourth term . He was succeeded by Vice President Harry S. Truman . It was on Roosevelt 's watch that the Democratic Party was returned to dominance , prosperity returned , and two great military enemies were destroyed . Scholars , historians and the public typically rank Roosevelt alongside Abraham Lincoln and George Washington as one of the three greatest U.S. Presidents .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9f8eae82a811d860f395f9b32b466621",
"text": "Cultural assimilation of Native Americans The cultural assimilation of Native Americans was an assimilation effort by the United States to transform Native American culture to European -- American culture between the years of 1790 -- 1920 . George Washington and Henry Knox were first to propose , in an American context , the cultural transformation of Native Americans . They formulated a policy to encourage the `` civilizing '' process . With increased waves of immigration from Europe , there was growing public support for education to encourage a standard set of cultural values and practices to be held in common by the majority of citizens . Education was viewed as the primary method in the acculturation process for minorities . Americanization policies were based on the idea that when indigenous people learned United States ( American ) customs and values , they would be able to merge tribal traditions with American culture and peacefully join the majority of the society . After the end of the Indian Wars , in the late 19th and early 20th centuries , the government outlawed the practice of traditional religious ceremonies . It established Native American boarding schools which children were required to attend . In these schools they were forced to speak English , study standard subjects , attend church , and leave tribal traditions behind . The Dawes Act of 1887 , which allotted tribal lands in severalty to individuals , was seen as a way to create individual homesteads for Native Americans . Land allotments were made in exchange for Native Americans ' becoming US citizens and giving up some forms of tribal self-government and institutions . It resulted in the transfer of an estimated total of 93 e6acre from Native American control . Most was sold to individuals or given out free through the Homestead law , or given directly to Indians as individuals . The Indian Citizenship Act of 1924 was also part of Americanization policy ; it gave full citizenship to all Indians living on reservations . The leading opponent of forced assimilation was John Collier , who directed the federal Office of Indian Affairs from 1933 to 1945 , and tried to reverse many of the established policies .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4e01ddccb9c4eaf971d766c82ee1d7b6",
"text": "Afroyim v. Rusk Afroyim v. Rusk , , is a major United States Supreme Court case in which the Court ruled that citizens of the United States may not be deprived of their citizenship involuntarily . The U.S. government had attempted to revoke the citizenship of Beys Afroyim , a man born in Poland , because he had cast a vote in an Israeli election after becoming a naturalized U.S. citizen . The Supreme Court decided that Afroyim 's right to retain his citizenship was guaranteed by the Citizenship Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution . In so doing , the Court struck down a federal law mandating loss of U.S. citizenship for voting in a foreign election -- thereby overruling one of its own precedents , Perez v. Brownell ( 1958 ) , in which it had upheld loss of citizenship under similar circumstances less than a decade earlier . The Afroyim decision opened the way for a wider acceptance of dual ( or multiple ) citizenship in United States law . The Bancroft Treaties -- a series of agreements between the United States and other nations which had sought to limit dual citizenship following naturalization -- were eventually abandoned after the Carter administration concluded that Afroyim and other Supreme Court decisions had rendered them unenforceable . The impact of Afroyim v. Rusk was narrowed by a later case , Rogers v. Bellei ( 1971 ) , in which the Court determined that the Fourteenth Amendment safeguarded citizenship only when a person was born or naturalized in the United States , and that Congress retained authority to regulate the citizenship status of a person who was born outside the United States to an American parent . However , the specific law at issue in Rogers v. Bellei -- a requirement for a minimum period of U.S. residence that Bellei had failed to satisfy -- was repealed by Congress in 1978 . As a consequence of revised policies adopted in 1990 by the United States Department of State , it is now ( in the words of one expert ) `` virtually impossible to lose American citizenship without formally and expressly renouncing it . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c9e9ead665bacd4c76460871b5b09248",
"text": "United States presidential election in New York, 1916 The 1916 United States presidential election in New York took place on November 7 , 1916 . All contemporary 48 states were part of the 1916 United States presidential election . New York voters chose forty-five electors to the Electoral College , which selected the President and Vice President . New York was won by the Republican nominee , U.S. Supreme Court Justice Charles Evans Hughes of New York , and his running mate Senator Charles W. Fairbanks of Indiana . Hughes and Fairbanks defeated the Democratic nominees , incumbent Democratic President Woodrow Wilson and Vice President Thomas R. Marshall . The former Governor of New York , Hughes won his home state fairly comfortably , taking 51.53 % of the vote to Wilson 's 44.51 % , a victory margin of 7.02 % . Coming in a distant third was Socialist candidate Allan L. Benson , who took 2.69 % . New York in this era was a Republican state in presidential elections ; however in 1912 , a strong third party run by former Republican President Theodore Roosevelt against the incumbent Republican President William Howard Taft had split the Republican vote , and had enabled Woodrow Wilson as the Democratic candidate to win New York State 's electoral votes in 1912 with a plurality of only 41 % of the vote . With the Republican base re-united behind Charles Evans Hughes in 1916 , New York returned to the Republican column , and delivered a fairly comfortable win to Hughes even as Wilson won re-election nationwide . Hughes ' seven percent margin of victory made New York State a strong ten percent more Republican than the national average in the 1916 election ; despite this , Hamilton and Greene Counties voted for Wilson , yet would never vote Democratic again until 1964 and never do so subsequently .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "82f98c8f1e20f64c7d7a33a12764224b",
"text": "American way The American way of life or simply the American way is the unique lifestyle of the people of the United States of America . It refers to a nationalist ethos that adheres to the principle of life , liberty and the pursuit of happiness . At the center of the American way is the American Dream that upward mobility is achievable by any American through hard work . This concept is intertwined with the concept of American exceptionalism , the belief in the unique culture of the nation . Author William Herberg offers the following definition : One commentator notes , `` The first half of Herberg 's statement still holds true nearly half a century after he first formulated it '' , even though `` Herberg 's latter claims have been severely if not completely undermined ... materialism no longer needs to be justified in high-sounding terms '' . In the National Archives and Records Administration 's 1999 Annual Report , National Archivist John W. Carlin writes , `` We are different because our government and our way of life are not based on the divine right of kings , the hereditary privileges of elites , or the enforcement of deference to dictators . They are based on pieces of paper , the Charters of Freedom - the Declaration that asserted our independence , the Constitution that created our government , and the Bill of Rights that established our liberties . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "69855537935a9447d64adafb91fa5efb",
"text": "Taft Commission The Taft Commission , also known as Second Philippine Commission ( Filipino : Ikalawang Komisyon ng Pilipinas ) was established by United States President William McKinley on March 16 , 1900 following the recommendations of the First Philippine Commission . The Second Commission was at first the sole legislative body of the Philippines , then known as the Philippine Islands under the sovereign control of the United States , while still under the Philippine -- American War . After the passage of the Philippine Organic Act in 1902 , the Commission functioned as a House of bicameral legislature until it was supplanted in 1916 by an elected legislature established in 1916 by the Philippine Autonomy Act . William Howard Taft was the first head of the Philippine Commission , a post he filled between March 16 , 1900 and July 4 , 1901 , after which the commission head also became the Civil Governor of the Philippines . He held the post until January 31 , 1904 after he was appointed as the Secretary of War by Pres. Theodore Roosevelt . The Philippine Commission was subsequently headed by a number of persons , but is often mentioned informally and collectively as the `` Taft Commission '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f1623cf227fd97167ce7ab2297710342",
"text": "Inauguration of Franklin Pierce The inauguration of Franklin Pierce as the 14th President of the United States was held on Friday , March 4 , 1853 on the East Portico at the United States Capitol in Washington , D.C. . The inauguration marked the commencement of Franklin Pierce 's only four-year term as President and William R. King 's only term as Vice President . Chief Justice Roger B. Taney administered the presidential oath of office . Pierce affirmed the oath of office rather than swear it , and was also the first president to recite his inaugural address from memory . Ill with tuberculosis , King was in Cuba in an effort to recover in the warmer climate , and was not able to be in Washington to take his oath of office on March 4 . By a Special Act of Congress , he was allowed to take the oath outside the United States , and was sworn in on March 24 , 1853 . He is the only vice president to be sworn in in a foreign country . King died days into his term , and the office remained vacant for the balance of it . ( Prior to ratification of the Twenty-fifth Amendment in 1967 , no constitutional provision existed for filling an intra-term vacancy in the vice presidency . )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ef1eaf5ef473a1a46a5c968e0abb2494",
"text": "Mutual Defense Assistance Act The Mutual Defense Assistance Act was a United States Act of Congress signed by President Harry S. Truman on 6 October 1949 . For US Foreign policy , it was the first U.S. military foreign aid legislation of the Cold War era , and initially to Europe . The Act followed Truman 's signing of the Economic Cooperation Act ( the Marshall Plan ) , on April 3 , 1948 , which provided non-military , economic reconstruction and development aid to Europe . The Act was reauthorized in 1950 , but in 1951 , it and the Economic Cooperation Act were succeeded by the Mutual Security Act , and its newly created independent agency , the Mutual Security Administration , to supervise all foreign aid programs , including both military assistance programs and non-military , economic assistance programs that bolstered the defense capability of U.S. allies . About the same time , the Mutual Defense Assistance Control Act of 1951 , also known or referred to as the Battle Act , ( 65 Stat . 644 ; 22 U.S.C. 1611 et seq. ) was also passed ; it banned U.S. assistance to countries doing business with the Soviet Union and was so-named after its sponsor , Representative Laurie C. Battle of Alabama . Strong motivation for this ` control ' act also came from export control concerns , following their tightening by the Export control Act of 1949 over Soviet advances ; export controls were used for both domestic policy and later as an instrument of foreign policy . This is exemplified by the restrictions on export of certain strategic or military items to the Soviet bloc or to other countries which it felt , if permitted , would be detrimental to the foreign policy program of the US . This latter motive became so strong that it brought legislation directing the President to enlist the cooperation of other nations in enacting controls on trade with the Soviet block to parallel those of the United States . The benefits of the various economic and military aid programs were to be withheld from non-cooperating nations . The act covered a wide range of materials needed for the production of weapons , and was especially focused on anything that could aid atomic weapons research and construction . As the Cold War developed , these acts were part of the American policy of containment of Communism . They importantly provided defense assistance to any ally that might be attacked by the Soviet Union or one of its allies , while other programs provided non-military economic assistance . In Asia the programs expanded with the newly established Maoist People 's Republic of China , and other areas , with the development of specific country missions , including ones in Austria ( 1947 -- 50 ) , China ( 1946 -- 48 ) , Ireland ( 1948 -- 51 ) , and Trieste ( 1947 -- 52 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b7386c2624f4e19e0eaae2a624ed89b3",
"text": "Cash and carry (World War II) Cash and carry was a policy requested by US President Franklin Delano Roosevelt at a special session of the United States Congress on September 21 , 1939 , subsequent to the outbreak of war in Europe . It replaced the Neutrality Acts of 1936 . The revision allowed the sale of materiel to belligerents , as long as the recipients arranged for the transport using their own ships and paid immediately in cash , assuming all risk in transportation . However , the sale of war materials was not allowed . Though `` Cash and Carry '' concepts had been introduced in the Neutrality Act of 1936 , it only pertained to materials that could not be used in war efforts , which allowed them to aid warring countries . Originally presented to Congress by Senator Key Pittman ( D-NV ) earlier in 1939 , the bill was designed to replace the Neutrality Act of 1937 , which had lapsed in May 1939 . The bill had been defeated repeatedly by the Senate and the House on more than one occasion as Isolationists feared that passing the bill would draw the US into the conflict in Europe . However , President Roosevelt felt that further help was needed in Europe after Germany invaded Poland in September 1939 . The bill passed in late October , gaining approval from the House on November 5 , 1939 . The President gave his signature the same day . The purpose of this policy was to maintain neutrality between the United States and European countries while giving aid to Britain by allowing them to buy non war materials . Various policies , such as the Neutrality Acts of 1935 , 1936 , and 1937 , forbade selling implements of war or lending money to belligerent countries under any terms . The U.S. economy was rebounding at this time , following the Great Depression , but there was still a need for industrial manufacturing jobs . The cash and carry program helped to solve this issue and in turn Great Britain benefited from the purchase goods . This program also prevented US businesses interests backing the success or failure of any warring nation . Because of the conclusion of the Nye Committee , which asserted that United States involvement in World War I was driven by private interests from arms manufacturers , many Americans believed that investment in a belligerent would eventually lead to American participation in war . U.S. shipping interests were forbidden from entering into conflict zones and US passengers traveling on foreign ships did so at their own risk . The `` cash and carry '' legislation enacted in 1939 effectively ended the arms embargo that had been in place since the Neutrality Act of 1936 . It paved the way for Lend-Lease .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f6f63689b34b2fc9c6b98c7d887da3a8",
"text": "Whitelaw Reid Whitelaw Reid ( October 27 , 1837 -- December 15 , 1912 ) was an American politician and newspaper editor , as well as the author of a popular history of Ohio in the Civil War . After assisting Horace Greeley as editor of the powerful Republican newspaper , the New York Tribune , Reid purchased the paper after Greeley 's death in 1872 and controlled it until his own death . The circulation grew to about 60,000 a day , but the weekly edition became less important . He invested heavily in new technology , such as the Hoe rotary printing press and the linotype machine , but bitterly fought against the unionized workers for control of his shop . As a famous voice of the Republican Party , he was honored with appointments as ambassador to France and Great Britain , as well as numerous other honorific positions . Reid served as the party 's nominee for Vice President of the United States in the 1892 election . In 1898 , President William McKinley appointed him to the American commission that negotiated peace with Spain after the Spanish -- American War .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5b4ce884dfd45b2deaa88c7ab9ce5ac7",
"text": "Robert A. Taft Robert Alphonso Taft ( September 8 , 1889 -- July 31 , 1953 ) was a conservative American politician , statesman , and presidential hopeful who served as a United States Senator from Ohio from 1939 until his death in 1953 . A member of the Republican Taft political family , he was the elder son of William Howard Taft ( the 27th President of the United States and 10th Chief Justice of the United States ) . Taft was the Senate 's main opponent of Franklin Roosevelt 's New Deal domestic policies . After the president 's death , Taft successfully led the conservative coalition 's efforts to curb the power of labor unions . Taft was a leading advocate of non-interventionism in foreign policy . He failed in his quests to win the Republican Party 's presidential nomination in 1940 , 1948 , and 1952 . Throughout that period he battled New York Governor Thomas E. Dewey ( leader of the moderate `` Eastern Establishment '' ) for control of the party . Taft 's biographer , James T. Patterson , portrayed Taft as honest , conscientious , courageous , dignified , and highly intelligent but also faulted Taft 's competitiveness , lack of public-relations skills , and extreme partisanship . A 1957 Senate committee named Taft as one of America 's five greatest senators , along with Henry Clay , Daniel Webster , John C. Calhoun , and Robert M. La Follette , Sr. .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4475d7b2a7494593a1188209b70ad4db",
"text": "United States Senate The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress which , along with the United States House of Representatives , the lower chamber , composes the legislature of the United States of America . The composition and powers of the Senate are established by Article One of the United States Constitution . The Senate is composed of senators who represent each of the several states , with each state being equally represented by two senators , regardless of their population , serving staggered terms of six years ; with fifty states presently in the Union , there are 100 U.S. Senators . From 1789 until 1913 , Senators were appointed by legislatures of the states they represented ; following the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913 , they are now popularly elected . The Senate chamber is located in the north wing of the Capitol , in Washington , D.C. As the upper house , the Senate has several powers of advice and consent which are unique to it ; these include the ratification of treaties , the confirmation of Cabinet secretaries , Supreme Court justices , federal judges , other federal executive officials , flag officers , regulatory officials , ambassadors , and other federal uniformed officers . In addition to these , in cases wherein no candidate receives a majority of electors for Vice President , the duty befalls upon the Senate to elect one of the top two recipients of electors for that office . It further has the responsibility of conducting trials of those impeached by the House . The Senate is widely considered both a more deliberative and more prestigious body than the House of Representatives due to its longer terms , smaller size , and statewide constituencies , which historically led to a more collegial and less partisan atmosphere . The presiding officer of the Senate is the Vice President of the United States , who is President of the Senate ; in their absence , the President Pro Tempore , who is customarily the senior member of the controlling party , presides over the Senate . In the early 20th century , the practice of majority and minority parties electing their floor leaders began , although they are not constitutional officers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "809debc50290939b0a441d22a591fe44",
"text": "Non-Hispanic whites Non-Hispanic whites or whites not of Hispanic or Latino origin or `` Anglo '' '' ' , '' are people in the United States who , as defined by the Census Bureau , are considered racially white and are not of Hispanic or Latino origin/ethnicity . Non-Hispanic whites are a subcategory of white Americans , the other being white Hispanic and Latino Americans . Although generally all nations in Europe have contributed to the white population through emigration to Northern America in the last few centuries , the majority of non-Hispanic whites trace their origins to Northwestern Europe while other major sources originate in Southern and Eastern Europe ; German , Irish , and English ancestries are the most common . In the United States , this population was first derived from English ( and , to a lesser degree , French ) settlement of the Americas , as well as settlement by other Europeans such as the Germans and Dutch that began in the 17th century ( see History of the United States ) . Continued growth since the early 19th century is attributed to sustained very high birth rates alongside relatively low death rates among settlers and natives alike as well as periodically massive immigration from European countries , especially Germany , Ireland , England , Spain , Greece , Sweden and Norway , as well as Poland , Russia , and many more countries . In 2011 , for the first time in U.S. history , non-Hispanic whites accounted for under half of the births in the country , with 49.6 % of total births . At 197.2 million in 2012 , non-Hispanic whites comprise 62.8 % of the total U.S. population .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
5d1ba42fec69be3ebad66046c5b9e3df
|
Beijing is a city.
|
[
{
"docid": "ece2951286b9b4b952fad300bc4e327c",
"text": "Beijing Beijing ( formerly romanised as Peking ) is the capital of the People 's Republic of China and the world 's third most populous city proper . It is also one of the world 's most populous capital cities . The city , located in northern China , is governed as a direct-controlled municipality under the national government with 16 urban , suburban , and rural districts . Beijing Municipality is surrounded by Hebei Province with the exception of neighbouring Tianjin Municipality to the southeast ; together the three divisions form the Jingjinji metropolitan region and the national capital region of China . As a city combining both modern and traditional architecture , Beijing is an ever-changing megacity rich in history but also truly modern , exemplified in its global influence in politics , business & economy , education , history , culture , language , music , sporting , architecture , civilization , fashion , art , entertainment , innovation and technology . Beijing is the second largest Chinese city by urban population after Shanghai and is the nation 's political , cultural , and educational centre . It is home to the headquarters of most of China 's largest state-owned companies , and is a major hub for the national highway , expressway , railway , and high-speed rail networks . The Beijing Capital International Airport has been the second busiest in the world by passenger traffic since 2010 , and , , the city 's subway network is the busiest and second longest in the world , after Shanghai 's subway system . The city 's history dates back three millennia . As the last of the Four Great Ancient Capitals of China , Beijing has been the political centre of the country for much of the past eight centuries . With mountains surrounding the inland city on three sides , in addition to the old inner and outer city walls , Beijing was strategically poised and developed to be the residence of the emperor and thus was the perfect location for the imperial capital . Beijing was the largest city in the world by population for much of the second millennium A.D. . The city is renowned for its opulent palaces , temples , parks , gardens , tombs , walls and gates . Its art treasures and universities have made it centre of culture and art in China . Encyclopædia Britannica notes that `` few cities in the world have served for so long as the political headquarters and cultural centre of an area as immense as China . '' Beijing has seven UNESCO World Heritage Sites -- the Forbidden City , Temple of Heaven , Summer Palace , Ming Tombs , Zhoukoudian , as well as parts of the Great Wall and the Grand Canal , all popular locations for tourism . siheyuans , the city 's traditional housing style , and hutongs , the narrow alleys between siheyuans , are major tourist attractions and are common in urban Beijing . The city hosted the 2008 Summer Olympics and was chosen to host the 2022 Winter Olympics , making it the first city to ever host both Winter and Summer Olympics . Many of Beijing 's 91 universities consistently rank among the best in China , of which Peking University and Tsinghua University are ranked in the top 60 universities of the world . In 2015 , 52 companies of the Fortune Global 500 company headquarters were located in Beijing , more than any other city in the world , including state-owned enterprises State Grid , China National Petroleum , and Sinopec Group , ranked 2nd , 3rd , and 4th , respectively . Beijing CBD is quickly becoming the center for Beijing 's economic expansion , rapid modernization , and radically changing skyline , with the ongoing or recently completed construction of multiple skyscrapers . Beijing 's Zhongguancun area is also known as China 's Silicon Valley and China 's center of innovation and technology entrepreneurship . According to the 2016 InterNations Expat Insider Survey , Beijing ranked first in Asia in the subcategory `` Personal Finance Index , '' a measure of expats ' salaries versus cost of living in the city . Expats live primarily in urban districts such as Dongcheng and Chaoyang in the east , or in suburban districts such as Shunyi .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "4c046a538e3ae6833b25b7f577fabec6",
"text": "Beijing Capital Theatre The Beijing Capital Theatre is a theatre and performance hall located near the Wangfujing in downtown Beijing . The theatre was built in 1954 , and was one of Beijing 's most famous performance art venues . Many plays performed by domestic as well as foreign theatre companies are often held at the Capital Theatre . Its head company since 1956 has been the Beijing People 's Art Theatre troop .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1dbc67b6e6b7e9a4e05f6cd23ed8cc14",
"text": "Tsinghua Garden Tsinghua Garden is a garden in Haidian District , Beijing , China . Constructed during the reign of the Kangxi Emperor ( r. 1661 -- 1722 ) in the Qing dynasty , it was originally named `` Xichun Garden '' . Later , it was divided into two gardens : Chunze Garden and Hande Garden . Chunze Garden and Hande Garden were later respectively renamed to `` Jinchun Garden '' and `` Xichun Garden '' ( its former name ) . In 1852 , during the reign of the Xianfeng Emperor , the garden was renamed again to `` Qinghua Garden '' ( or `` Tsinghua Garden '' ) . In the present day , `` Tsinghua Garden '' generally refers to the locations of Tsinghua University , Tsinghua Garden , Jinchun Garden , and other Qing dynasty gardens in the area .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "056f39e9d4d4c3fa7ae3d90ea13f02bb",
"text": "Andingmen Andingmen ( ; Manchu : Elhe toktoho duka ; lit . `` Gate of Stability '' ) was a gate in Beijing 's Ming-era city wall . The gate was torn down along with the city wall in the 1960s . Andingmen is now a place name . Where the gate once stood is now a Andingmen Bridge , a roundabout overpass on the northern 2nd Ring Road . The overpass links Andingmen Inner Street which runs south of the overpass inside the walled city and Andingmen Outer Street which runs north away from the walled he city . Bus and trolleybus stops are nearby , along with Andingmen Station , Line 2 of the Beijing Subway . Ju'er Hutong is a popular neighborhood for expats to live in . It 's located in the hutongs southwest of Jiaodaokou , and just east of Shichahai and Gŭlóu ( the Bell Tower ) . Yongkang Hutong is another popular residential location for expats in Beijing . Category : Dongcheng District , Beijing Category : Gates of Beijing Category : Neighbourhoods of Beijing Category : Road transport in Beijing",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "19df5b488baa037cd1b644ac4b96ea4a",
"text": "Beijing Hualian Group The Beijing Hualian Group is a leading Chinese retailer , headquartered in Beijing . Headed by Ji Xiao An the chairman of the board of the Beijing Hualian Group , the group 's main activities include the operation of supermarkets and department stores , as well as the sale of general merchandise , textiles , daily-use products and fresh fruits and vegetables .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "36425fb27b90c0444b8b84b196a6771e",
"text": "Old Summer Palace The Old Summer Palace , known in Chinese as Yuanming Yuan , and originally called the Imperial Gardens , was a complex of palaces and gardens in present-day Haidian District , Beijing , China . It is located 8 km northwest of the walls of the former Imperial City section of Beijing . Constructed throughout the 18th and early 19th centuries , the Old Summer Palace was the main imperial residence of Qianlong Emperor of the Qing dynasty and his successors , and where they handled state affairs ; the Forbidden City was used for formal ceremonies . Widely conceived as the pinnacle work of Chinese imperial garden and palace design , the Old Summer Palace was an architectural wonder , known for its extensive collection of garden , its building architecture and numerous art and historical treasures . It was reputed as the `` Garden of Gardens '' in its heyday . In 1860 , during the Second Opium War , as the Anglo-French expedition force relentlessly approached Beijing , two British envoys , a journalist for The Times and a small escort of British and Indian troopers were sent to meet Prince Yi under a flag of truce to negotiate a Qing surrender . Meanwhile , the French and British troops reached the palace and conducted extensive looting and destruction . Later on , as news emerged that the negotiation delegation had been imprisoned and tortured , resulting in 20 deaths , the British High Commissioner to China , Lord Elgin , retaliated by ordering the complete destruction of the palace , which was then carried out by British troops .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b116ee1f7d3a01808bd67bdcaa465b26",
"text": "Zhongshan Park (Beijing) The Zhongshan Park ( Chinese : 中山公园 / 中山公園 ) , is a former imperial altar and now a public park that lies just southwest of the Forbidden City in the Imperial City , Beijing . Of all the gardens and parks surrounding the Forbidden City , such as the Beihai and Jingshan , Zhongshan is arguably the most centrally located of them all . The Zhongshan Park houses numerous pavilions , gardens , and imperial temples such as the Altar of Earth and Harvests or Altar of Land and Grain in some translations ( Shejitan , 社稷坛 ) , which was built in 1421 by the Yongle Emperor , and it symmetrically opposite the Imperial Ancestral Temple , and is where the emperors of Ming and Qing dynasties made offerings to the gods of earth and agriculture . The altar consists of a square terrace in the centre of the park . By 1914 , the altar grounds had become a public park known as the `` Central Park '' . That park was then further renamed in 1928 after Sun Yat-Sen ( Zhongshan Park ) , in memory of China 's first revolutionary political leader who helped bring about the first republic era in 1911 , which is what the park is known as today . Many parks in China during that period also took on this name ( see Zhongshan Park ) . The Zhongshan Park includes various halls and pavilions built for the members of the imperial family , stone archways and a greenhouse which houses fresh flowers on display all year round . The greenhouse includes 39 varieties of tulips presented to the park in 1977 by the Princess of Holland .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "16bd66bf04f89a299d876cf531ef63d8",
"text": "Urban society in China There is considerable confusion in both Chinese and foreign sources over definitions of urban places and hence considerable variation in estimates of China 's urban population ( see Migration in China ) . The problem of determining the size of the urban population reflects inconsistent and changing administrative categories ; the distinction between rural and urban household registry and between categories of settlements ; the practice of placing suburban or rural districts under the administration of municipal governments ; and the differences in the status accorded to small towns . In sociological terms , urban refers to an area characterized by a relatively high degree of specialization in occupational roles , many special-purpose institutions , and uniform treatment of people in impersonal settings . In this sense , a Chinese market town is more urban than a village , and settlements become more urban as they grow in size and economic complexity . Municipalities like Beijing and Shanghai have the highest degree of division of labor and the most specialized institutions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cfe59eac09451aa79bc933957cd3bf18",
"text": "Chronological summary of the 2008 Summer Olympics This page contains a chronological summary of major events from the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing , China .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a60a26ca4e2c5a2fbe79b8fd05fd2c5a",
"text": "Chinese economic reform The Chinese economic reform refers to the program of economic reforms termed `` Socialism with Chinese characteristics '' in the People 's Republic of China ( PRC ) that was started in December 1978 by reformists within the Communist Party of China , led by Deng Xiaoping . China had one of the world 's largest and most advanced economies prior to the nineteenth century . In the 18th century , Adam Smith claimed China had long been one of the richest , that is , one of the most fertile , best cultivated , most industrious , most prosperous and most urbanized countries in the world . The economy stagnated beginning in the 16th century and even declined in absolute terms in the nineteenth and much of the twentieth century , with a brief recovery in the 1930s . Economic reforms introducing market principles began in 1978 and were carried out in two stages . The first stage , in the late 1970s and early 1980s , involved the decollectivization of agriculture , the opening up of the country to foreign investment , and permission for entrepreneurs to start businesses . However , most industry remained state-owned . The second stage of reform , in the late 1980s and 1990s , involved the privatization and contracting out of much state-owned industry and the lifting of price controls , protectionist policies , and regulations , although state monopolies in sectors such as banking and petroleum remained . The private sector grew remarkably , accounting for as much as 70 percent of China gross domestic product by 2005 . From 1978 until 2013 , unprecedented growth occurred , with the economy increasing by 9.5 % a year . The conservative Hu-Wen Administration more heavily regulated and controlled the economy after 2005 , reversing some reforms . The success of China 's economic policies and the manner of their implementation has resulted in immense changes in Chinese society . Large-scale government planning programs alongside market characteristics have greatly decreased poverty , while incomes and income inequality have increased , leading to a backlash led by the New Left . In the academic scene , scholars have debated the reason for the success of the Chinese `` dual-track '' economy , and have compared them to attempts to reform socialism in the Eastern Bloc and the Soviet Union ; as well as the growth of other developing economies .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f8e024efefcc2d118e369be3be158f3f",
"text": "Tiantongyuan Tiantongyuan is an apartment complex and neighborhood in northern Beijing 's Changping District . As of April 2008 it was reported to have over 400,000 residents , and is one of the largest such complexes in Beijing and the biggest community in the world.Most residents in Tiantongyuan work in downtown Beijing , making Tiantongyuan one of the commuter towns in Beijing . Tiantongyuan North Station is the northern terminus of the Beijing Subway Line 5 . There are two other Line 5 stops in Tiantongyuan as well , Tiantongyuan Station and Tiantongyuan South Station . Many Beijing public buses serve the community with two large bus hubs being at the Tiantongyuan North subway station and Tiantongyuan North neighborhood . Tiantongyuan is divided into Tiantongyuan West , Tiantongyuan East , Tiantongyuan North , Central Tiantongyuan , and Old Tiantongyuan ( 本区 or 老区 ) ; each such neighborhood is further subdivided into sections 1 , 2 , and 3 ( except for Central Tiantongyuan , which is divided into North , South , East , and West and east north ) . Both subway Line 5 and T3 express bus pass the community .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9512c7fdf1d2e845e884bd961925905f",
"text": "Beijing No.166 High School Beijing No. 166 High School ( , pinyin : Běijīng shì yiliuliu zhōngxué ) is a public beacon high school in Dongcheng District , Beijing , China .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b7c70b541ae7e66b8dcfc748e40afd2a",
"text": "Changchun Temple The Beijing Changchun Temple is a Buddhist temple in Xuanwu District , Beijing , China . The temple also houses the Xuanwu Cultural Museum .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "38cd136707179d4c66b194d234339ef9",
"text": "Telecommunications in China The People 's Republic of China possesses a diversified communications system that links all parts of the country by Internet , telephone , telegraph , radio , and television . The country is served by an extensive system of automatic telephone exchanges connected by modern networks of fiber-optic cable , coaxial cable , microwave radio relay , and a domestic satellite system ; cellular telephone service is widely available , expanding rapidly , and includes roaming service to foreign countries . Fiber to the x infrastructure has been expanded rapidly in recent years .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a6b59799949d67921a1c17060ef4d08b",
"text": "National People's Congress The National People 's Congress ( usually abbreviated NPC ) is the national legislature of the People 's Republic of China . With 2,987 members in 2013 , it is the largest parliamentary body in the world . Under China 's current Constitution , the NPC is structured as a unicameral legislature , with the power to legislate , the power to oversee the operations of the government , and the power to elect the major officers of state . The NPC and the National Committee of the People 's Political Consultative Conference ( CPPCC ) , a consultative body whose members represent various social groups , are the main deliberative bodies of China , and are often referred to as the Lianghui ( Two Assemblies ) . The NPC is elected for a term of five years . It holds annual sessions every spring , usually lasting from 10 to 14 days , in the Great Hall of the People on the west side of Tiananmen Square in Beijing . The NPC 's sessions are usually timed to occur with the meetings of the CPPCC , and these annual meetings provide an opportunity for the officers of state to review past policies and present future plans to the nation . The fourth session of the 12th NPC was held from March 5 to March 16 , 2016 . In theory , the NPC is the highest organ of state power in China , and all four PRC constitutions have vested it with great lawmaking powers . However , in practice it usually acts as a rubber stamp for decisions already made by the state 's executive organs and the Communist Party of China . One of its members , Hu Xiaoyan , told the BBC in 2009 that she has no power to help her constituents . She was quoted as saying , `` As a parliamentary representative , I do n't have any real power . '' In 2014 , the participating party pledged to `` unswervingly adhere to the leadership of Chinese Communist Party . '' Since the 1990s , the NPC has become a forum for mediating policy differences between different parts of the Party , the government , and groups of society .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c77873974aa5fec80bcdd1ee32bf4fcd",
"text": "Beijing Xinbaoyuan Film & Television Investment Beijing Xinbaoyuan Film & Television Investment Co. , Ltd. is a Chinese media company based in Beijing .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8e667faafd4a659133db47181fe73d2c",
"text": "Communication University of China The Communication University of China ( CUC ) ( Simplified Chinese : 中国传媒大学 pinyin : zhōngguó chuánméi dàxué ) is a public university in Beijing , China . Formerly known as the Beijing Broadcasting Institute ( BBI ) ( Simplified Chinese : 北京广播学院 , pinyin : běijīng guǎngbō xuéyuàn ) it is one of the Project 211 key universities directly administered by the Ministry of Education of the People 's Republic of China . The predecessor of the school was a training center for technicians of the Central Broadcasting Bureau that was founded in 1954 . In April 1959 , the school was upgraded to the Beijing Broadcasting Institute approved by the State Council . In August 2004 , the BBI was renamed into the Communication University of China . Communication University of China is one of the top public universities in China . It is ranked No. 1 of media education and ranked No. 1 among language universities in China . According to 2012 China Discipline Ranking approved by the Chinese Ministry of Education , Communication University of China is ranked 1st in `` Journalism and Communication '' and `` Drama Film and Television '' , 6th in Art Theory , 9th in Design , 17th in Fine Arts , 23rd in Politics and 32nd in Chinese Language and Literature in China .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d7e8dae00dd5becff880baa20a28f986",
"text": "Corruption in China Corruption in China post-1949 lies in the `` organizational involution '' of the ruling party , including the Communist Party of China 's policies , institutions , norms , and failure to adapt to a changing environment in the post-Mao era caused by the market liberalization reforms initiated by Deng Xiaoping . Like other socialist economies that have undertaken economic reforms , such as post-Soviet Eastern Europe and Central Asia , reform-era China has experienced increasing levels of corruption . Cadre corruption in China has been subject to significant media attention since Communist Party General Secretary Xi Jinping announced his Anti-corruption campaign following the 18th National Congress which was held in November 2012 . Despite this high-profile anti-graft drive , in 2014 China was ranked No. 100 in Transparency International 's Corruption Perceptions Index , which is 20 places lower than 2013 , when it ranked No. 80 . According to 2016 results of Corruption Perception Index of Transparency International , China ranks 79th place out of 176 countries . This puts China on par with Algeria and Suriname , and comparable to Armenia , Colombia , Egypt , Gabon , Liberia , Panama , Bolivia , Mexico , Moldova and Niger . China ranked less corrupt than neighbours Myanmar , Vietnam , Laos , North Korea , Russia , Kazakhstan , Kyrgyzstan , Tajikistan , Afghanistan , Pakistan and Nepal but more corrupt than neighbours Australia , New Zealand , Singapore , India , Bhutan , Macau , Hong Kong and Mongolia . Means of corruption include graft , bribery , embezzlement , backdoor deals , nepotism , patronage , and statistical falsification . Public surveys on the mainland since the late 1980s have shown that it is among the top concerns of the general public . According to Yan Sun , Associate Professor of Political Science at the City University of New York , it was corruption , rather than democracy as such , that lay at the root of the social dissatisfaction that led to the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 . Corruption undermines the legitimacy of the CPC , adds to economic inequality , undermines the environment , and fuels social unrest . Since then , corruption has not slowed down as a result of greater economic freedom , but instead has grown more entrenched and severe in its character and scope . Business deals often involve participation in corruption . In popular perception , there are more dishonest CPC officials than honest ones , a reversal of the views held in the first decade of reform of the 1980s . China specialist Minxin Pei argues that failure to contain widespread corruption is among the most serious threats to China 's future economic and political stability . Bribery , kickbacks , theft , and misspending of public funds costs at least three percent of GDP . China , though not a member of the OECD has participated as an observer in the OECD Working Group on Bribery in International Business Transactions , see OECD Anti-Bribery Convention .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "58e3f431b0b2a4344a0d40b1716830e2",
"text": "China International Copyright Expo China International Copyright Expo is an annual event that brings companies and organizations , both governmental and independent , to China to discuss various aspects of copyright and intellectual property rights ( IPR ) . The Expo was first held in 2008 and was attended by experts and organizations from countries such as the United States , the United Kingdom , Germany , Japan , South Korea , and many more . The Expo `` actively builds an international copyright trade platform , which is focused on industry exchange and trade , this expo consists of four parts ; International Copyright Forum , Industrial Exhibition , Thematic Activities , and Cultural Performance Activities . '' The China International Copyright Expo is held annually in the National Convention Center in the Olympic Green located just outside the North 4th Ring road in Beijing . The expo consists of four major sections . International Copyright Forum Industrial Exhibition Thematic Activities Cultural Performance The Expo is hosted by : General Administration of Press and Publication National Copyright Administration China Council for the Promotion of International Trade Beijing People 's Government The Expo is operated by : Beijing Copyright Bureau Beijing Chaoyang District People 's Government The Expo is implemented by : Beijing International Copyright Trade Center",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "03298bc2fca53cfa3662750354ebdc57",
"text": "Beijing This Month Beijing This Month ( BTM ) is a free monthly English language magazine , published in Beijing by the Beijing Foreign Cultural Exchanges Centre in association with the Beijing City Government .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "16d4fc902271a33de15ce2deda09a14c",
"text": "Datangshan Datangshan is the name of a hill in the Changping District of Beijing , China .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
d223750484d60f49bd91c45c4c7f1d53
|
Maynard James Keenan owns an organic produce market.
|
[
{
"docid": "f15623e720cd5d738c7481840eae3cd3",
"text": "Maynard James Keenan Maynard James Keenan ( born James Herbert Keenan ; April 17 , 1964 ) , often referred to by his initials MJK , is an American musician , record producer , winemaker , and actor , best known as the vocalist for Grammy Award-winning progressive metal band Tool . He is originally from Ohio , but spent his high school and college years in Michigan . After serving in the United States Army in the early 1980s , he attended Kendall College of Art and Design in Grand Rapids . He moved to Los Angeles , California in 1988 to pursue a career in interior design and set construction . Shortly thereafter , he formed the band Tool with Adam Jones . Keenan is also the lead singer of A Perfect Circle . In 2003 , he created Puscifer as a side project and has subsequently released three studio albums . Since rising to fame , Keenan has been noted as being a recluse ; however , he does emerge to support charitable causes . In addition to his music career , he has performed improvisational sketch comedy and ventured into acting . He currently owns Merkin Vineyards and the associated winery , Caduceus Cellars , which are located in Arizona , where he lives . Among other business ventures , he is a partner in the Los Angeles restaurant Cobras & Matadors , and also owns an organic produce market in Cornville , Arizona , which features a food court and a tasting room for his wines .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "36f28000ca57ea09356ddd342cdcfc54",
"text": "Cran-Apple juice Cranapple is a trademark for a blend of cranberry juice and apple juice marketed by the Ocean Spray cooperative . The juice blend is marketed as combining the tartness of the cranberry with the sweet taste of the apple in a beverage that is fat and cholesterol free , low in sodium and is a source of vitamin C. Until 1963 , when the product was first developed , cranberries were sold in the form of cranberry juice and cranberry sauce primarily around Thanksgiving and Christmas time . The Cranapple blend helped turn the cranberry into a year-round product . Cranapple started a trend and was followed by other juice blends . Marketing executive Edward Gelsthorpe was hired by the company in 1963 , having worked in the marketing and product development areas at Bristol-Myers . Gelsthorpe 's focus was to expand the company 's product base , recognizing that there was no way to convince people to `` eat cranberry sauce every time you have chicken '' , no matter how much money was spent on advertising . The company was struggling with a seasonal product and had been hit by consumer fears after a 1959 government warning that chemicals sprayed on the cranberries could cause cancer . Working together with food editor Sylvia Schur of Creative Food Services , he oversaw the development of the Cran-Apple blend that would balance the tart and sweet tastes of the respective juices . The product was highly successful , and gave Ocean Spray a product that could be sold year round . Throughout his career , Gelsthorpe would carry the nickname `` Cranapple Ed '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4525f4d6786af5c5ea8c0270dd7f9d1c",
"text": "Oakland Coffee Works Oakland Coffee Works is a coffee company founded by Billie Joe Armstrong and Mike Dirnt of the rock band Green Day . Focusing on sustainability , it is the first coffee company in the world to offer only 100 % fully organic and compostable-packaged products . The Financial Times reported Oakland Coffee 's launch in December 2015 as was the world 's first fully compostable 12 oz . coffee bags and fully compostable single-serve coffee cups . Oakland Coffee sources their beans in the High Andes of Peru , and also in Bolivia and Honduras , and the coffee is organic and fair trade . Oakland Coffee also launched a grass roots charitable organization in 2013 , working in partnership with Crescendos Alliance to support communities in Peru in regions where the coffee beans are grown .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8e3a2295a179a9922d1da3ab17670e21",
"text": "Planet Organic Planet Organic is a British supermarket chain , with seven branches in London . It was founded by Renée Elliott , who was born in Pascagoula , Mississippi , US , and started it in 1995 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ce44d2fc7a6bb6a6f81f41753a343f61",
"text": "Enjoy Life Foods Enjoy Life Foods is an independently operated subsidiary of Mondelez International based in Chicago , Illinois that produces foods that are gluten-free and free-from the top 8 most common allergens as defined by the FDA . All products are free-from wheat , dairy , peanuts , tree nuts , egg , soy , fish , and shellfish , and made in a dedicated nut - and gluten-free bakery in Jeffersonville , Indiana . The company was co-founded by Scott Mandell and Bert Cohen in 2001 and sells its products in the United States , Canada , Australia , the UK , and online . Enjoy Life Foods caters to individuals with dietary restrictions , such as Gluten-Free Diets and nut allergies . The company is gluten-free certified by the Gluten Free Certification Organization ( GFCO ) , Kosher-certified by the Chicago Rabbinical Council ( cRc ) , Halal-certified by Islamic Food and Nutrition Council of America ( IFANCA ) , and makes many products that are vegan friendly . In addition to its products , Enjoy Life Foods also offers resources for consumers to live a gluten-free and casein-free life style .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e21c2760df0211d9e1aae60a591b60de",
"text": "Syzygium malaccense Syzygium malaccense is a species of flowering tree native to Malaysia , Indonesia ( Sumatra and Java ) Vietnam , Thailand , New Guinea and Australia . It has been introduced throughout the tropics , including many Caribbean countries and territories such as Jamaica where it is known simply as `` Jamaican apple '' or the more common Otaheite apple . Syzygium malaccense has a number of English common names . It is known as a Malay rose apple , or simply Malay apple , mountain apple , rose apple , Otaheite apple , pink satin-ash and pommerac ( derived from pomme Malac , meaning `` Malayan apple '' in French ) . Despite the fact that it is sometimes called the otaheite cashew , it is not related to cashew . While cashew nuts ( but not cashew fruits ) may trigger allergic reactions , rose apple fruit has not been observed to do so . The combination of tree , flowers and fruit has been praised as the most beautiful of the Syzygium family . The fruit is oblong-shaped and dark red in color , although some varieties have white or pink skins . The flesh is white and surrounds a large seed . Its taste is bland but refreshing . Jam is prepared by stewing the flesh with brown sugar and ginger . Malay apple is a strictly tropical tree and will be damaged by freezing temperatures . It thrives in humid climates with an annual rainfall of 152 cm or more . It can grow at a variety of altitudes , from sea level up to 2740 m . The tree can grow to 12 - in height . It flowers in early summer , bearing fruit three months afterward . In Costa Rica , it flowers earlier , with ripe fruit in April . Coffee growers use the species to divert birds . In Hawaii , Syzygium malaccense is called mountain apple . When the Polynesians reached the Hawaiian Islands , they brought plants and animals that were important to them . The mountain apple was one of these `` canoe plants , '' arriving 1000 -- 1700 years ago .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0134f4183d0fc2bbcd9d3a4561f5e719",
"text": "New Seasons Market New Seasons Market is a chain of privately owned grocery stores operating in the Portland Metro area of Oregon . New Seasons also has stores in Vancouver , Washington , and San Jose , California . Two stores are slated to open in the greater Seattle area in the next two years . Founded by three families and 50 of their friends in 1999 , the company currently operates 17 stores in the greater Portland/Vancouver metropolitan area , including : Hillsboro , Beaverton , Happy Valley , Vancouver , Tualatin , and Lake Oswego ; and one store in San Jose , California . Many of the products offered are organic and produced locally in the Pacific Northwest . The stores differ from most grocers by offering natural and conventional products side by side .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ba73169e6959653cea3b754a583c0f0e",
"text": "Fine chemical Fine chemicals are complex , single , pure chemical substances , produced in limited quantities in multipurpose plants by multistep batch chemical or biotechnological processes . They are described by exacting specifications , used for further processing within the chemical industry and sold for more than $ 10/kg ( see the comparison of fine chemicals , commodities and specialties ) . The class of fine chemicals is subdivided either on the basis of the added value ( building blocks , advanced intermediates or active ingredients ) , or the type of business transaction , namely standard or exclusive products . Fine chemicals are produced in limited volumes ( < 1000 tons/year ) and at relatively high prices ( > $ 10/kg ) according to exacting specifications , mainly by traditional organic synthesis in multipurpose chemical plants . Biotechnical processes are gaining ground . The global production value is about $ 85 billion . Fine chemicals are used as starting materials for specialty chemicals , particularly pharmaceuticals , biopharmaceuticals and agrochemicals . Custom manufacturing for the life science industry plays a big role ; however , a significant portion of the fine chemicals total production volume is manufactured in house by large users . The industry is fragmented and extends from small , privately owned companies to divisions of big , diversified chemical enterprises . The term `` fine chemicals '' is used in distinction to `` heavy chemicals '' , which are produced and handled in large lots and are often in a crude state . Since their inception in the late 1970s , fine chemicals have become an important part of the chemical industry . The total production value of $ 85 billion is split about 60 / 40 among in-house production by the main consumers , the life science industry , on the one hand , and the fine chemicals industry on the other hand . The latter pursues both a `` supply push '' strategy , whereby standard products are developed in-house and offered ubiquitously , and a `` demand pull '' strategy , whereby products or services determined by the customer are provided exclusively on a `` one customer / one supplier '' basis . The products are mainly used as building blocks for proprietary products . The hardware of the top tier fine chemical companies has become almost identical . The design , lay-out and equipment of the plants and laboratories has become practically the same all over the world . Most chemical reactions performed go back to the days of the dyestuff industry . Numerous regulations determine the way labs and plants have to be operated , thereby contributing to the uniformity .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a57b2aa70f233eb6e7cdc651567dbfc0",
"text": "Food Democracy Now! Food Democracy Now ! is a grassroots movement and non-governmental organization based in Iowa , whose stated aim is to build a sustainable food system that protects our natural environment , sustains farmers , and nourishes families . Food Democracy Now ! members organize both through online campaigns and in-person actions across the country . The movement was founded in 2007 by Dave Murphy , a native Iowan , and Lisa Stokke . Within months after launching , Food Democracy Now ! gathered nearly 100,000 signatures in support of 12 candidates for undersecretary appointments in the U.S. Department of Agriculture . Since its founding the movement has grown to over 650,000 supporters throughout the United States . Food Democracy Now ! 's founder Dave Murphy is a frequent speaker on food politics issues and appears regularly on mainstream media outlets . The movement has been vocal in its support of small farmers and GMO labelling and is known for its opposition to the Farmer Assurance Provision , commonly known as the `` Monsanto Protection Act '' , and genetic modification of foods .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5ef9ce618e591ccc8e7d9c5bea4601ad",
"text": "Cranberry Cranberries are a group of evergreen dwarf shrubs or trailing vines in the subgenus Oxycoccus of the genus Vaccinium . In Britain , cranberry may refer to the native species Vaccinium oxycoccos , while in North America , cranberry may refer to Vaccinium macrocarpon . Vaccinium oxycoccos is cultivated in central and northern Europe , while Vaccinium macrocarpon is cultivated throughout the northern United States , Canada and Chile . In some methods of classification , Oxycoccus is regarded as a genus in its own right . They can be found in acidic bogs throughout the cooler regions of the northern hemisphere . Cranberries are low , creeping shrubs or vines up to 2 m long and 5 to in height ; they have slender , wiry stems that are not thickly woody and have small evergreen leaves . The flowers are dark pink , with very distinct reflexed petals , leaving the style and stamens fully exposed and pointing forward . They are pollinated by bees . The fruit is a berry that is larger than the leaves of the plant ; it is initially light green , turning red when ripe . It is edible , with an acidic taste that can overwhelm its sweetness . Cranberries are a major commercial crop in certain American states and Canadian provinces ( see cultivation and uses below ) . Most cranberries are processed into products such as juice , sauce , jam , and sweetened dried cranberries , with the remainder sold fresh to consumers . Cranberry sauce is a traditional accompaniment to turkey at Christmas dinner in the United Kingdom , and at Christmas and Thanksgiving dinners in the United States and Canada .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d401215e9e6fa8690a8be757972200db",
"text": "Contract farming Contract farming involves agricultural production being carried out on the basis of an agreement between the buyer and farm producers . Sometimes it involves the buyer specifying the quality required and the price , with the farmer agreeing to deliver at a future date . More commonly , however , contracts outline conditions for the production of farm products and for their delivery to the buyer 's premises . The farmer undertakes to supply agreed quantities of a crop or livestock product , based on the quality standards and delivery requirements of the purchaser . In return , the buyer , usually a company , agrees to buy the product , often at a price that is established in advance . The company often also agrees to support the farmer through , e.g. , supplying inputs , assisting with land preparation , providing production advice and transporting produce to its premises . The term `` outgrower scheme '' is sometimes used synonymously with contract farming , most commonly in Eastern and Southern Africa . Contract farming can be used for many agricultural products , although in developing countries it is less common for staple crops such as rice and maize .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ae6a3d3a1fb494e8518ef945502e94f8",
"text": "Eliot Coleman Eliot Coleman ( born 1938 ) is an American farmer , author , agricultural researcher and educator , and proponent of organic farming . His 1989 book , The New Organic Grower , is important reading for organic farmers , especially market gardeners . He served for two years as Executive Director of the International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements ( IFOAM ) , and was an advisor to the U.S. Department of Agriculture during its 1979 -- 80 study , Report and Recommendations on Organic Farming , a document that formed the basis for today 's legislated National Organic Program ( 2002 ) in the U.S. On his Four Season Farm in Harborside , Brooksville , Maine , he produces year-round vegetable crops , even under harsh winter conditions ( for which he uses unheated and minimally heated greenhouses and polytunnels ) . He even manages to grow artichokes , claiming that `` I grow them just to make the Californians nervous . '' Coleman is currently married to gardening author Barbara Damrosch . For several years , from 1993 , they co-hosted the TV series , Gardening Naturally , on The Learning Channel . Coleman and his wife continue to grow and locally market fresh produce .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "10d9f27e4f760c456596c2a31d6fb173",
"text": "Lawrence D. Hills Lawrence Donegan Hills ( 1911 -- 1991 ) was a British horticulturalist , journalist , and writer , founder of the Henry Doubleday Research Association ( HDRA ) Bocking , near Braintree , Essex in 1954 , now Garden Organic . By the time he retired in 1986 , HDRA was the largest body of organic gardeners in the world and had moved to Ryton-on-Dunsmore , near Coventry . Whilst researching a book called Russian Comfrey Comfrey , Hills discovered that this common plant was introduced in the nineteenth century by Henry Doubleday ( 1810 -- 1902 ) a Quaker smallholder who was so intrigued by its possibilities that he devoted the rest of his life to popularising it . Hills took up this crusade , finally naming his fledgling society in Doubleday 's memory . Hills suffered from coeliac disease , which left him in a wheelchair until introduced to a wheat-free diet by Hilda Cherry Hills ( d. 1989 ) , a fellow author and noted nutritionist who became his wife . They had no children , but he once said he considered ` the ever-increasing membership of the Henry Doubleday Research Association is family enough for anyone ' . He started his long career in practical horticulture when he was sixteen and wrote his first book mainly in RAF hospitals before being invalided out on D-Day . He was one of Britain 's best-known writers on organic gardening . Gardening correspondent of the Observer for eight years , then of Punch and The Countryman . He was Associate Editor of the Ecologist and Compost Science ( USA ) . His many publications included Fertility Without Fertilisers , Down to Earth Gardening , and Organic Gardening but he was best known for Grow Your Own Fruit and Vegetables published by Faber & Faber in 1971 . It rapidly became a bible for gardeners , self-sufficiency enthusiasts and commercial organic growers . His autobiography was Fighting Like the Flowers ( 1989 ) . In 1973 , his concern about a piece of European Union legislation outlawing historic varieties of vegetables , would lead to massive loss of genetic bio-diversity led to the setting up of HDRA 's vegetable seed library . Persistent lobbying of government eventually resulted in the world 's first vegetable gene bank where seed was deep frozen and stored forever . Lawrence D Hills appeared on television , lectured and broadcast on the radio in Great Britain , the USA , South Africa , Belgium , France , Australia and New Zealand . HDRA hosted the 1987 television series on organic gardening All Muck and Magic which became so popular that it was one of Channel 4 's top five programmes , attracting 3.5 million viewers a week . Lawrence Hills died in 1991 but was awarded an Honorary Doctorate by Coventry University the same year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5f0c44416b20dc51bf01a8b62d196a6c",
"text": "Cruciferous vegetables Cruciferous vegetables are vegetables of the family Brassicaceae ( also called Cruciferae ) with many genera , species , and cultivars being raised for food production such as cauliflower , cabbage , garden cress , bok choy , broccoli , brussels sprouts and similar green leaf vegetables . The family takes its alternate name ( Cruciferae , New Latin for `` cross-bearing '' ) from the shape of their flowers , whose four petals resemble a cross . Ten of the most common cruciferous vegetables eaten by people , known colloquially in North America as cole crops and in Britain and Ireland as `` brassicas '' , are in a single species ( Brassica oleracea ) ; they are not distinguished from one another taxonomically , only by horticultural category of cultivar groups . Numerous other genera and species in the family are also edible . Cruciferous vegetables are one of the dominant food crops worldwide . They are high in vitamin C and soluble fiber and contain multiple nutrients and phytochemicals .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9487dd36decb319cfd89fb0b5ce61f6e",
"text": "McKenzie Seeds McKenzie Seeds is a seed packaging company which has over 200 employees and is based in Brandon , Manitoba . It was established in 1896 by Dr. Albert Edward McKenzie , and is now Canada 's foremost seed supplier with 60 % of the market . Its retail division sells seed under the brands McKenzie , Thompson & Morgan , Gusto Italia , and Pike , as well as other gardening products and accessories . Through a direct mail division it operates the brands McFayden and McConnell catalogues .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "421b7b291cebcd740c75010af9ae2d67",
"text": "Organic Food Federation The Organic Food Federation is a lobbying organization which certifies organic products in the United Kingdom .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "17c4ba07e904e6198df75c89b5daad8f",
"text": "Marketing year A marketing year is a period of one year ( or sometimes less ) , designated for reporting and ( or ) analysis of production , marketing and disposition of a commodity . ( Disposition of an agricultural crop might include such uses as food , animal feed , industry , seed , and export , as well as changes in stocks . ) Because of year-to-year fluctuations in production , much marketing and disposition of some commodities may reflect production that occurred during a previous calendar year . For this reason , analysis is often facilitated if the marketing year for a crop commences at about the time of harvest . However , world markets or other factors may also influence choice of beginning date for the marketing year for some commodities in some countries . Especially in the case of certain perishable fresh fruits and vegetables , the marketing year may be less than a full year in length , because economic activity of interest for reporting and analysis may be concluded within just a few months .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "130f7d9ff1bf8a9f950b454cb191d16b",
"text": "The Arcade (producers) The Arcade ( Kurtis Mckenzie and Jon Mills ) are a Grammy-nominated songwriting and music production duo , based in London . They co-produced and co-composed Iggy Azalea 's hit single `` Fancy '' , ( featuring Charli XCX ) , which has sold 7 million copies worldwide to date . The duo produced ` Beg For It ' the lead single of Reclassified the reissue of her debut studio album , with the song selling over 1,000,000 copies and certified Platinum in the United States . The producers have worked with Iggy Azalea , Rita Ora , Conor Maynard , Taio Cruz , Tinie Tempah , Katy B , Maino , Nicola Roberts , and Khalid .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f77b39cdbe2fa25d785603206340e5b9",
"text": "Vanilla production in French Polynesia Vanilla production contributes to the local economy of French Polynesia . Although it was a major export crop after its introduction by the French in 1848 , vanilla is no longer a significant export product . Vanilla was first introduced to French Polynesia by French colonizers as an export crop . Later , it became an important cash crop in the development of the island 's economy . In the early 20th century , production was much greater than it is today , with 150-200 tons produced annually and plantations employing a sizable percentage of the population . Over the years , its production has been influenced by several factors and has declined from a high of 200 tons to a 2013 yield of 60 tons . The largest concentration of the vanilla variety Vanilla tahitensis ( Tahitian vanilla ) is situated in the Society Islands . The island of Taha'a , known as the `` Vanilla Island '' because of its pervasive aroma of vanilla , produces about 80 % of all French Polynesia 's vanilla .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "81792cd62e0cfc4bfd23e8291abb4c0e",
"text": "Frontier Agriculture Frontier Agriculture Ltd is the UK 's largest crop production and grain marketing business , jointly owned by Associated British Foods and Cargill plc. . As at 2016 , Frontier has a market share of 20 % of the grain market , trades around 5million mt of grain per annum and has an annual turnover in excess of # 1.5 bn . The Frontier seed business supplies 65,000 tonnes of seed to UK farmers . Frontier employs 140 agronomists , managing 750,000 hectares of land , and supported by a national trials programme that consists of over 12,000 replicated plots . Frontier is the largest UK distributor of fertiliser . Frontier belongs to the Trade Assurance Scheme for Combinable Crops , run by the Agricultural Industries Confederation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bc34f73ae995ed122467a8ccaab4c6dc",
"text": "Rogers Orchards Rogers Orchards , in Southington , Connecticut , is an agricultural-produce company owned and operated by members of the same family since its founding in 1807 and one of the leading agricultural producers in Connecticut . Totaling 250 acre , it is Southington 's largest farm and the largest apple-grower in the state , selling wholesale to local stores and retail at its farmers ' markets . It harvests and sells twenty varieties of apples annually , with McIntosh , Macoun , Cortland , and Empire among its most popular . Rogers Orchards also harvests and sells apricots , peaches , nectarines , plums , pumpkins , and other fruits and vegetables in season , and sells baked goods , honey and syrups , cut flowers , other farm-specialty products , and firewood .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
72f21ee7ea573595da630506b8736eee
|
Los Angeles, California was incorporated as a municipality on April 4, 1850.
|
[
{
"docid": "1dfcb14ed2023bc8f3202bf9e54e5f0c",
"text": "Los Angeles Los Angeles ( -LSB- lɒs_ˈændʒəlᵻs -RSB- , Spanish for `` The Angels '' ; -LSB- los ˈaŋxeles -RSB- ) , officially the City of Los Angeles and often known by its initials L.A. , is the cultural , financial , and commercial center of Southern California . With a census-estimated 2017 population of 4,042,000 , it is the second-most populous city in the United States ( after New York City ) and the most populous city in the state of California . Located in a large coastal basin surrounded on three sides by mountains reaching up to and over 10000 ft , Los Angeles covers an area of about 469 sqmi . The city is also the seat of Los Angeles County , the most populated county in the country . Los Angeles is the center of the Los Angeles metropolitan area , and is part of the larger designated Los Angeles-Long Beach combined statistical area ( CSA ) , the second most populous in the nation with a 2015 estimated population of 18.7 million . Historically home to the Chumash and Tongva , Los Angeles was claimed by Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo for Spain in 1542 along with the rest of what would become Alta California . The city was officially founded on September 4 , 1781 , by Spanish governor Felipe de Neve . It became a part of Mexico in 1821 following the Mexican War of Independence . In 1848 , at the end of the Mexican -- American War , Los Angeles and the rest of California were purchased as part of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo , thereby becoming part of the United States . Los Angeles was incorporated as a municipality on April 4 , 1850 , five months before California achieved statehood . The discovery of oil in the 1890s brought rapid growth to the city . The completion of the Los Angeles Aqueduct in 1913 , delivering water from Eastern California , later assured the city 's continued rapid growth . Nicknamed the `` City of Angels '' , Los Angeles is known for its Mediterranean climate , ethnic diversity , and sprawling metropolis . The city is also one of the most substantial economic engines within the nation , with a diverse economy in a broad range of professional and cultural fields . Los Angeles is also famous as the home of Hollywood , a major center of the world entertainment industry . A global city , it has been ranked 6th in the Global Cities Index and 9th in the Global Economic Power Index . The Los Angeles combined statistical area ( CSA ) also has a gross metropolitan product ( GMP ) of $ 831 billion , making it the third-largest in the world , after the Greater Tokyo and New York metropolitan areas .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "3a3f2003c1ca99aaa0277609765a464b",
"text": "Los Angeles High School Los Angeles High School is the oldest public high school in the Southern California Region and in the Los Angeles Unified School District . Its colors are royal blue and white and the teams are called the Romans . Los Angeles High School is a public secondary high school , enrolling an estimated 2,000 students in grades 9-12 . After operating on a year-round basis consisting of three tracks for ten years , it was restored to a traditional calendar in 2010 . Los Angeles High School receives accreditation approval from the Western Association of Schools and Colleges ( WASC ) . Concurrent enrollment programs , provided in large by the Los Angeles Unified School District and the Los Angeles Community College District , are offered with West Los Angeles College , Los Angeles Trade Technical College , Los Angeles City College , or Santa Monica College . Los Angeles High School is a large , urban , inner-city school located in the Mid-Wilshire District of Los Angeles . The attendance boundary consists of a contrasting spectrum of economic diversity ranging from affluent Hancock Park and Lafayette Square to the low-income , densely populated immigrant community of Koreatown . Within the school is a College Incentive Magnet Program . Forty-four percent of the student population is identified as LEP , or Limited English Proficient . Currently , 66 % of the students are identified as eligible to receive supplemental instructional services and materials through the Federal Title I Program . The magnet high school has a university preparatory secondary high school program and a `` school within a school . '' First established as a part of student integration services in the 1970s , the Los Angeles High School Math/Science/Technology magnet prepares students with an intensive , rigorous course load in order to better prepare them for university entrance . There are 317 students enrolled in the magnet program , grades 9-12 . Typically , the senior class has approximately 35 % of seniors entering into four-year universities and schools . The magnet senior class typically has 85 % of its senior class entering into four-year colleges and universities .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fbd4b9b1784c9863968ea51012b98a70",
"text": "Maritime history of California In the California coast , the use of ships and the Pacific Ocean has historically included water craft ( such as dugouts , canoes , sailing ships , and steamships ) , fisheries , shipbuilding , Gold Rush shipping , ports , shipwrecks , naval ships and installations , and lighthouses . The maritime history of California can be divided into several periods : the Native American period ; European exploration period from 1542 to 1769 ; the Spanish colonial period , 1769 to 1821 ; the Mexican period , 1821 to 1847 ; and United States statehood period , which continues to the present day .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ba5beff17e4423f5b05a3d5a9f640885",
"text": "Rancho Los Feliz Rancho Los Feliz was a 6647 acre Spanish land concession in present day Los Angeles County , California given in 1795 by Spanish Governor Pedro Fages to José Vicente Feliz . The land of the grant includes Los Feliz and Griffith Park , and was bounded on the east by the Los Angeles River .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ee8d304a991ad056829a02118ba15996",
"text": "Pasadena Presbyterian Church Pasadena Presbyterian is the first church in Pasadena , California , United States , it was established in 1875 . It is located at 585 East Colorado Boulevard.The Modern-style sanctuary was designed by architect John Gougeon of Gougeon-Woodman , completed in 1976 . Los Angeles Children 's Chorus ( LACC ) has office and rehearsal space in Pasadena Presbyterian Church .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8ca87c68d28b24ee7ca9f767b18caecd",
"text": "Commerce, California Commerce is a city located in southeast Los Angeles County , California , United States . The population was 12,823 at the 2010 census , up from 12,568 at the 2000 census . It is bordered by Vernon on the west , Los Angeles on the northwest , East Los Angeles on the north , Montebello on the east , Downey and Bell Gardens on the south , and Maywood on the southwest . The Los Angeles River forms part of its southwestern boundary , and the Rio Hondo separates it from Downey . Commerce is served by the Long Beach and Santa Ana freeways , as well as the Metrolink commuter rail service at the Commerce station . It is usually referred to as the `` City of Commerce '' to distinguish it from the common noun .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dadf3d9e74c1c5251a00206f6fabcf4e",
"text": "L. E. Timberlake Leonard E. Timberlake ( 1896 -- 1973 ) , who went by L.E. Timberlake or Lee Timberlake , was a former railroad employee and a travel bureau owner who was a member of the Los Angeles , California , City Council from 1945 to 1969 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0c007134384409e80fed69bf108e9f92",
"text": "California Highway Commission The California Highway Commission was established in 1895 and continued until 1978 as the primary state highway bureaucracy in California . Their first noticeable efforts centered on the Lake Tahoe Wagon Road ( eventually to become U.S. Route 50 ) over the Sierra Nevada mountains . A series of municipal bond issues beginning in 1910 allowed the Highway Commission to grade and pave as much of the new California state highway system as quickly as possible . A 1933 statute read in part : The California highway commission shall have jurisdiction and authority as provided in this section with respect to any state highway lying within any municipality as specifically described by law , also with respect to a state highway , the natural course of which runs or passes into or through any municipality or contiguous municipalities . Unless any such route or routes within a municipality is specifically described by law it shall be the duty of the highway commission to designate and to determine the location of connecting portions either through or around the municipality as the commission may determine will be of the greatest benefit to through traffic and the said commission shall determine such connecting portions with respect to all state highways , the natural course of which runs or passes into or through any municipality . In 1978 , the California Transportation Commission ( CTC ) replaced and assumed the responsibilities of four independent bodies : The California Highway Commission , the State Transportation Board , the State Aeronautics Board , and the California Toll Bridge Authority .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c1217d92f68e94b4f399f7d45044fc8f",
"text": "Agustin Olvera Agustin Olvera ( 1818 -- 1876 ) was a pioneer of Los Angeles , California , and was active in the political affairs of the time .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "02e62edbca3669b75a07cb30a60082d8",
"text": "California Water Wars The California Water Wars were a series of conflicts between the city of Los Angeles and farmers and ranchers in the Owens Valley of Eastern California . As Los Angeles grew in the late 19th century , it started to outgrow its water supply . Fred Eaton , mayor of Los Angeles , realized that water could flow from Owens Valley to Los Angeles via an aqueduct . The aqueduct construction was overseen by William Mulholland and was finished in 1913 . The water rights were acquired through political fighting and , as described by one author , `` chicanery , subterfuge ... and a strategy of lies . '' Since 1913 , the Owens River had been diverted to Los Angeles , causing the ruin of the valley 's economy . By the 1920s , so much water was diverted from the Owens Valley that agriculture became difficult . This led to the farmers trying to destroy the aqueduct in 1924 . Los Angeles prevailed and kept the water flowing . By 1926 , Owens Lake at the bottom of Owens Valley was completely dry due to water diversion . The water needs of Los Angeles kept growing . In 1941 , Los Angeles diverted water that previously fed Mono Lake , north of Owens Valley , into the aqueduct . Mono Lake 's ecosystem for migrating birds was threatened by dropping water levels . Between 1979 and 1994 , David Gaines and the Mono Lake Committee engaged in litigation with Los Angeles . The litigation forced Los Angeles to stop diverting water from around Mono Lake , which has started to rise back to a level that can support its ecosystem .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eaa80204a441cc8d9a2a0c63355889ec",
"text": "Santa Ana Civic Center The Civic Center in Santa Ana is Orange County , California 's main center of government . The city of Santa Ana became the county seat of government in 1889 and continues to be the seat of government to this day . The architectural styles , both old and new found within the Civic Center and surrounding areas reflect its role as the county 's main seat of government . The city of Santa Ana was established in 1869 by William Spurgeon on 74.27 acre of land purchased from the old Spanish land grant , Rancho Santiago de Santa Ana . The County of Orange was formed in 1889 by William Spurgeon and James McFadden and Santa Ana was chosen as the county seat of government because of its larger growth as a town over surrounding towns namely Orange . The Old Orange County Courthouse was built in 1901 and thus the town blossomed into the county 's main economic and political center . The surrounding old town buildings then became what is now Santa Ana 's Historical Downtown .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d8bc4cb734eaf2355591fd28a871c7b7",
"text": "History of Oakland, California The history of Oakland , a city in the county of Alameda , California , can be traced back to the founding of a settlement by Horace Carpentier , Edson Adams , and Andrew Moon in the 19th century . The area now known as Oakland had seen human occupation for thousands of years , but significant growth in the settlements that are now incorporated into the city did not occur until the Industrial Revolution . Oakland was first incorporated as a town in 1852 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5baf8350f8d0f165ab1fd4160ce8ef4d",
"text": "Los Angeles Board of Trade Building Board of Trade Building is a historic building in Downtown Los Angeles that was opened in 1929 . Located at the northwest corner of Main Street and Seventh Street , the building was designed by Claud Beelman and Alexander Curlett in the Beaux Arts style with Classical Revival influence . The building was listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 2008 and is one of more than ten Claud Beelman buildings included in the National Register . Upon completion , the building had 230000 sqft of space and fourteen stores on the ground floor , with the remainder of the building utilized for offices . The building was the headquarters for the new California Stock Exchange starting in January 1930 . The exchange 's trading floor , located on the building 's second floor , was patterned after the New York Stock Exchange , measured 89 by 90 ft and was designed to accommodate 300 brokers . The exchange also included six trading posts with price indicators for 384 issues , a clearing-house , visitors ' gallery , smoking-room for members , private offices for executives , committee rooms and locker rooms . The first trade recorded on the exchange in January 1930 involved 100 shares of `` Bolsa Chica Oil ` A ' . '' The Board of Trade Building was the first on the Pacific Coast to be built with automated elevators that stopped automatically on the floors where buttons were pressed , and without the need for an operator in the elevator car . In 1945 , the Board of Trade Building was purchased for $ 1,250,000 by a syndicate represented by Gray Phelps & Co. . Like many of the old buildings in downtown Los Angeles , the building has been converted into live/work lofts .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "66a91e8e226a207ad322727c15a58663",
"text": "History of Newport Beach, California The recorded history of the Newport Beach , California , region began when the area was first explored by Europeans in the 1500s . Prior to that time , Native Americans such as the Tongva and Juaneño / Luiseño people had been living in the area for thousands of years . Explorer Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo mapped the coastline in 1542 , but it was 200 years before Europeans settled the area . In 1769 , Newport was a small portion of the land grant of Don José Antonio Yorba I , first under Spanish and then Mexican rule . After the Civil War , the land was developed by American settlers : for ranching by James Irvine and for shipping by James McFadden . A small settlement was built around McFaddens ' Wharf ( at the location where the Newport Pier is today ) and it became the largest business of Orange County , California . Following the opening of the San Pedro Harbor in Los Angeles in 1899 , the commercial shipping industry in Newport declined . Newport Beach developed into a tourist and recreational boating community . in August 1906 , Newport Beach became incorporated as a city .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1bce1210b6c4482455c41016ec1334f7",
"text": "Studio City, Los Angeles Studio City is a neighborhood in the city of Los Angeles , California , in the San Fernando Valley . It is named after the studio lot that was established in the area by film producer Mack Sennett in 1927 , now known as CBS Studio Center .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4ab72c0bf0f26915c846a90858c011ed",
"text": "San Bernardino County, California San Bernardino County , officially the County of San Bernardino , is a county located in the southern portion of the U.S. state of California . As of the 2010 census , the population was 2,035,210 , making it the fifth-most populous county in California , and the 12th-most populous in the United States . The county seat is San Bernardino . San Bernardino County is included in the Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario , CA Metropolitan Statistical Area , also known as the Inland Empire , as well as the Los Angeles-Long Beach , CA Combined Statistical Area . With an area of 20,105 square miles , San Bernardino County is the largest county in the United States by area , although some of Alaska 's boroughs and census areas are larger . It is larger than each of the nine smallest states , larger than the four smallest states combined , and larger than 70 different sovereign nations . Located in southeast California , the thinly populated deserts and mountains of this vast county stretch from where the bulk of the county population resides in two Census County Divisions , some 1,422,745 people as of the 2010 Census , covering the 450 square miles ( 1,166 km2 ) south of the San Bernardino Mountains in San Bernardino Valley , to the Nevada border and the Colorado River .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e470ab261eca4731a4581b86d8281113",
"text": "California Society of Certified Public Accountants The California Society of Certified Public Accountants ( CalCPA ) is the largest statewide professional association of certified public accountants in the United States with more than 42,000 members . Although 1909 is considered the year CalCPA was officially founded , public accountant organizations began forming before that time in California . In January 1903 , CalCPA was first organized , followed by the formation of the Associated Certified Public Accountants of California , incorporated March 1906 , and the Southern California Association of Certified Public Accountants , formed in October 1908 . It was the merging of the three groups in 1909 that created the CalCPA that exists today .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5daa1ea6ea08893be71f230da2edfd13",
"text": "League of California Cities The League of California Cities is an association of cities within the state of California , founded in 1898 . Most of the state 's 482 cities are represented in the league . The League publishes Western City , a monthly magazine , and holds an annual conference and exposition The League advocates for cities at the state capitol , including proper distribution of state taxes to the cities . The main office is in Sacramento .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d67d5c230314dce06cc69d673db38161",
"text": "Lakewood, California Lakewood is a city in Los Angeles County , California , United States . The population was 80,048 at the 2010 census . It is bordered by Long Beach on the west and south , Bellflower on the north , Cerritos on the northeast , Cypress on the east , and Hawaiian Gardens on the southeast . Major thoroughfares include Lakewood ( SR 19 ) , Bellflower , and Del Amo Boulevards and Carson and South Streets . The San Gabriel River Freeway ( I-605 ) runs through the city 's eastern regions . Sometimes called `` an instant city '' because of its origins , going from lima bean fields in 1950 to a well-developed city by 1960 , Lakewood is a classic example of a post -- World War II American suburb .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "14d7a34f6c37ef13927ddedf5c47e93d",
"text": "Horace Dobbins Horace M. Dobbins ( August 29 , 1868 -- September 21 , 1962 ) was a Philadelphia-born businessman and politician who served as Mayor of Pasadena , California , United States in 1900-1901 . Horace Dobbins was known for building the California Cycleway from Pasadena to Los Angeles . Horace Dobbins had the exclusive idea of incorporating an elevated tollway for bicycles and other horseless vehicles from the Green Hotel in Pasadena to Los Angeles . This idea was brought to mind on 23 August 1897 . Dobbins personally secured the right of way for six miles and the completed route was almost nine miles long . Unfortunately , the project came to a halt with the invention of the automobile . Although the Cycleway stopped being used , its route was transformed into what is now the Arroyo Seco/Pasadena Freeway which now is better known as 110 . Dobbins entered politics very soon after arriving in Pasadena . He was elected a member of the city board of trustees of which he later became president . It was during the cycle craze that Dobbins was elected mayor of Pasadena on April 16 , 1900 . He served for one year in this position . Following the failure of the Cycleway , Dobbins turned to other pursuits , including the refurbishment of Los Angeles ' Agricultural Park ( now Exposition Park ) , the management of a hotel of in Philadelphia , and the design and sailing of yachts . Dobbins was also involved with the Americus Club of Pasadena . This club was credited for saving the state for the Republican party in 1896 . The idea that Pasadena should organize a marching club was formed on a summer day of 1869 . The starters searched for people who were interested and as a result , Dobbins and few more people were invited to a special meeting . There were roles to fill in this organization , so Horace Dobbins served as an adjutant working with many other companies . Later on , after a period of about ten years of continuous active participation in the club , he succeeded Stearns as president . During this period , before and after he became the mayor of Pasadena , he also had many other activities in addition to the Americus Club of Pasadena . For example , he was also involved with business , the best example being the California Cycleway . Before 1900 , he was the vice-president of the El Cajon Valley Company in San Diego county , California . This was a successful company at the time which supported him financially for a few years . After he retired from the office of mayor , he became a member of the Pasadena Board of Trade and the Los Angeles Chamber of Commerce which is now Southern California 's dominant business federation . It represents hundreds of thousands business interests in California , making it the largest not for profit business federation in Southern California today . Apart from business , Dobbin was also very involved in medicine . He had been part of many medical organizations . He served as president of the Pasadena Board of Health . After a few years , he then moved on to Pasadena Hospital Association and again served as its president . Unlike other organizations he had served in , this one still operates today . Nowadays , it is better known as Pasadena 's Huntington Memorial Hospital . In addition to his medical , business , and trade interests , Dobbin also participated in many entertainment organizations . Out of all them , he was especially actively connected with the Pasadena Tournament of Rose Associations . This includes what Pasadena is known for : the Rose Bowl Game , Rose Parades , and Rose Queens . In his later years , Horace Dobbins became more involved with other activities and non-profit organizations , such as the Pasadena Country Club and the Cumberland Club ( which is in Portland , Maine ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b45bd702b62e3cb38f65d5fc180d6f89",
"text": "Largest cities in Southern California This is a list of the 100 largest cities in Southern California by population . Official definitions of cities are defined according to the concept of city proper . The list ranks the region 's urban municipal units ( or well-defined statistical groupings of sudech units ) according to the population . Note that the populations listed are for the city proper and not for the urban area nor the metropolitan area . Population figures for Southern California cities are based on the reports of the 2010 United States Census .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
3f9f9ff398633ef55ff63b49b17b438b
|
Gil Sharone began working on an album in any month except November.
|
[
{
"docid": "2272a4017f777e855247675b44336fbf",
"text": "Gil Sharone Gil Sharone is an American drummer and member of the band Stolen Babies , Marilyn Manson , Team Sleep , and formerly The Dillinger Escape Plan . He was also a fill in for punk rock band +44 . His twin brother is Rani Sharone , also of Stolen Babies . He is highly regarded as one of the most versatile touring/session drummers in the world . Sharone supported Mark Hoppus 's band +44 when Travis Barker broke his arm . Gil toured around Europe , Japan and Australia with +44 in early 2007 , it is believed he learned all of +44 's setlist on the flight from America to Europe . He played on Travis 's OCDP Drum Kit , which is a custom made transparent green . He started using Drum Workshop drums and hardware in October 2011 . Sharone also recorded the drum tracks on the third Dillinger Escape Plan record Ire Works , and joined the band during all of their tour dates in 2008 ( he played the European tour in early 2008 both with Dillinger and also as support with Stolen Babies ) . Gil also performed on Maynard James Keenan 's V Is for Vagina album by Puscifer . In January 2009 , it was announced that Sharone had parted ways with Dillinger Escape Plan , due to his focus on Stolen Babies and other personal projects including his DVD , Wicked Beats , based on the drumming styles of Ska , Rocksteady and Reggae . Wicked Beats will be released through Hudson Music late 2010 . Sharone played Teenage Alex on an episode of Full House along with his twin brother , who played Teenage Nicky . As of November 2013 , Sharone began working with Marilyn Manson on a new album . On January 15 , 2015 The Pale Emperor was released . Sharone is currently working on the follow up Heaven Upside Down due to be released in Summer 2017 . Sharone was featured on Reggae Grammy winners Morgan Heritage track `` So Amazing '' on the album Strictly Roots ( 2016 ) . You can also hear his work playing on the film scores to `` John Wick , '' `` John Wick 2 , '' `` Slackers '' and the TV shows , `` Salem , '' `` Kingdom , '' and the Netflix series `` The Punisher ( 2017 ) . ''",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "afe224852c0e2d32959239bb617b904b",
"text": "Nineteen 90 Nineteen '90 is the second studio album from Filipina singer-actress Regine Velasquez-Alcasid in November 1989 . When it was released , Velasquez was a new contract artist for Vicor Music Corp. and has signed up under Primeline Management Team under Ronnie Henares and Ida Henares . The album was recorded in Manila and was originally available in LPs and cassette . Later on , it was released in CD format .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e522459480933c5b0b0db5b328c7bbda",
"text": "Hard Times for Lovers Hard Times For Lovers is an album by Judy Collins , released on Elektra Records in 1979 . Collins ' first album of new material since Bread and Roses in 1976 , some extra publicity was earned as a result of the back cover of the Francesco Scavullo-photographed sleeve art , depicting most of a nude Collins as seen from the back . The album was still something of a commercial disappointment , however , peaking at # 54 on the Billboard Pop Albums charts .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6d403ba95538df951631b910094752a5",
"text": "Grammy Award for Best New Artist The Grammy Award for Best New Artist has been awarded since 1959 . Years reflect the year in which the Grammy Awards were handed out , for records released in the previous year . The award was not presented in 1967 . The official guidelines are as follows : `` For a new artist who releases , during the Eligibility Year , the first recording which establishes the public identity of that artist . '' Note that this is not necessarily the first album released by an artist . It is sometimes asserted , with varying degrees of sincerity , that winning the award is a curse , as several award winners ( particularly from the late 1970s and early 1980s ) were never able to duplicate the success they experienced in their debut year . This viewpoint was expressed by former Starland Vocal Band member Taffy Danoff in a 2002 interview for VH1 's 100 Greatest One Hit Wonders : `` We got two of the five Grammys -- one was Best New Artist . So that was basically the kiss of death and I feel sorry for everyone who 's gotten it since . '' The category is also notable for being the only one of its kind in which a Grammy Award was vacated . This occurred in 1990 after it was revealed winners Milli Vanilli did not contribute their own vocals on their debut album . The award was revoked , but was not handed out to another artist . Of the 54 awards presented in the category since its inception , the honor has been presented to 25 solo female artists , 18 duos or groups , and 11 solo male artists . Between 1997 and 2003 , all the winners were solo female artists . Also , from 1993 to 2005 , no winner was a solo male artist . In 2006 , John Legend broke this trend , which started with Marc Cohn in 1992 . Only four artists have won both Best New Artist and Album of the Year in the same year : Bob Newhart in 1961 , Christopher Cross in 1981 , Lauryn Hill in 1999 and Norah Jones in 2003 . Of all the winners , only three have been country artists . In 1997 , LeAnn Rimes became the first country artist to win the award . She was followed by Carrie Underwood in 2007 and Zac Brown Band in 2010 . Additionally , 2017 marked the first time that two country artists were nominated in this category in the same year . 1984 marked the first time that all of the nominees were from outside of the United States ( Winner Culture Club , Eurythmics , and Musical Youth were from England , Big Country was from Scotland , and Men Without Hats were from Canada ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dbe80e9137d95ce23d7f0291b10797ed",
"text": "November Blues November Blues is a young adult novel by Sharon M. Draper , first published in 2007 . It is the second of the Jericho trilogy , the sequel to The Battle of Jericho . The book tackles and discusses the issue of teen pregnancy , as well as making the readers aware that actions always have consequences and that taking responsibility for those actions is always very important .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "830d84752d6c0390b0233ba57b74d035",
"text": "Lene Lovich Lene Lovich ( -LSB- leɪnə_lʌvɪtʃ -RSB- , born March 30 , 1949 ) is an English-American singer , songwriter and musician of Serbian and English descent based in England . She first gained attention in 1979 with the release of her hit single `` Lucky Number '' , which peaked at number 3 on the UK Singles Chart and made her a leading figure of the new wave music scene . Born in Detroit , Michigan , Lovich moved to England at the age of 13 , where she met guitarist and songwriter Les Chappell , who later became her long-time music collaborator and life partner . She developed an interest in art and theater , enrolling at the Central School of Art and Design where she took saxophone lessons . In 1975 , she joined the band the Diversions and shortly afterwards wrote the lyrics to Cerrone 's single `` Supernature '' . After the band broke up , Lovich started looking for another band that would let her join and contacted the radio presenter Charlie Gillett , who got her to record a demo of Tommy James and the Shondells ' song `` I Think We 're Alone Now '' and played it to Dave Robinson of Stiff Records , who decided to sign Lovich . The song was released as a single and appeared on her debut studio album Stateless ( 1978 ) , which produced the single `` Lucky Number '' . She released two more albums , Flex ( 1979 ) and No Man 's Land ( 1982 ) , on Stiff Records . In 1989 , she independently released the album March , before her 15-year hiatus . She focused more on her family but came back in 2005 with the release of her album Shadows and Dust . In 2013 , she established her own publishing label , Flex Music , and released a re-mastered version of all her previous albums in a limited edition box set .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ff0db66024ddcf8bc7a58327af2ab1d1",
"text": "From Elvis in Memphis From Elvis in Memphis is the fifteenth studio album by American rock and roll singer Elvis Presley , released on RCA Records . It was recorded at American Sound Studio in Memphis in January and February 1969 under the direction of producer Chips Moman and backed by its house band , informally known as `` The Memphis Boys '' . Following the success of Presley 's 1968 Christmas television special and its soundtrack , the album marked Presley 's return to non-soundtrack albums after the completion of his film contract with Paramount Pictures . Presley 's entourage convinced him to leave the RCA studios and record this album at American Sound , a new Memphis studio at the peak of a hit-producing streak . The reason for going to Moman 's studio was for the soul sound of the house band , ` the Memphis Boys ' . The predominance of country songs among those recorded in these sessions gives them the feel of the `` country soul '' style . This impression is emphasized by the frequent use of the dobro in the arrangements . In any case , the Memphis Boys have a solidly southern soul sound . From Elvis in Memphis was released in June 1969 to favorable reviews . The album peaked at number 13 on the Billboard 200 , number two on the country charts and number one in the United Kingdom , and its single `` In the Ghetto '' reached number three on the Billboard Hot 100 . The album was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America in 1970 . In later years , it garnered further favorable reviews , while it was ranked number 190 on Rolling Stone magazine 's 2003 list of the 500 greatest albums of all time .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "27aaa90b1f6e9dd7c59ab7118cab5ca0",
"text": "Scandinavian Nights Scandinavian Nights is a double live album by the British hard rock band Deep Purple . It was originally recorded by Swedish National Radio for a radio show called Tonkraft at the Stockholm Konserthuset on 12 November 1970 , but not released until 1988 . The tapes were re-mixed by Tom Leader at Angel Studios in London . It remains the prime example of the early Mk II set list and ferocious concert dynamics . The set list comprises songs from the album Deep Purple in Rock and long instrumentals from earlier albums . The two songs `` Mandrake Root '' and `` Wring that Neck '' took up half the concert in the early days , until the Fireball tour . The US double CD , released in 1992 , was titled Live and Rare , while the European double vinyl and double CD , released in 1988 , were both titled Scandinavian Nights . The European vinyl release contained a limited edition picture booklet . The track timings printed ( on both European vinyl and CD ) refer to the length of the actual songs , in-between pauses are not included , but the timings on the US CDs do include the pauses . The original master tapes were later discovered and remixed for a re-release as Live in Stockholm by Purple Records in 2005 , with improved sound quality . On the original release the song running order was adjusted to fit the timing-restrictions of vinyl , and the CD edition unnecessarily mimicked this ; Live in Stockholm features the set list in the correct order . A new edition of the album , titled Stockholm 1970 , was released in 2014 by EDEL as part of `` The Official Deep Purple ( Overseas ) Live Series '' with additional material : two songs recorded in Paris in 1970 ; contemporary Jon Lord interview ; a bonus DVD with Deep Purple 's performance at Granada TV in 1970 , previously released on VHS as Doing Their Thing . The original 1988 album cover was featured in Pitchfork Media 's 2005 list of `` The Worst Record Covers of All Time '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5d54420e0943b7c2a94fb7c7a3beeaa7",
"text": "Nobody's Perfect (Deep Purple album) Nobody 's Perfect is a live album released in 1988 by the British rock band Deep Purple . It was recorded during the tour in support of The House of Blue Light in 1987 in Europe and the US . The outer sleeve photography was designed by Aubrey Powell of Hipgnosis . Track transitions are marked by fades . It also contains a new live in studio version of `` Hush '' to commemorate their 20th anniversary . `` Black Night '' was also re-recorded but never released . `` Hard Lovin ' Woman '' includes parts of `` Under the Gun '' during Blackmore 's guitar solo . `` Strange Kind of Woman '' includes the `` Superstar '' chorus from Jesus Christ Superstar . `` Woman from Tokyo '' changes into `` Everyday '' by Buddy Holly halfway through . The album represented Deep Purple 's setlist at the time , which consisted much of the typical Made in Japan set , combined with newer material from the 1984 reunion album Perfect Strangers and The House of Blue Light . Songs such as `` The Unwritten Law '' and `` Difficult to Cure '' ( which included an extended-riff from Beethoven 's Ninth Symphony , 4th Movement ) were played every night on the tour , but were not included on this album .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d320d5855fedbc45969190e054d41aca",
"text": "The Fabulous Johnny Cash The Fabulous Johnny Cash is the third studio album by American country singer , Johnny Cash . It was released on November 3 , 1958 by Columbia Records , long after Cash 's departure from Sun Records , and was re-issued in 2002 by Sony Music 's Legacy imprint . The re-issue contains six bonus tracks and unedited versions of the songs . Legacy Records reissued the album in 180 gram vinyl for Record Store Day in November 23 , 2012 . The album features five tracks written by Cash and backing vocal performances by The Jordanaires ( who at this time were also regulars on Elvis Presley 's recording sessions for RCA Records ) . Overall , even though the album is only 29 minutes in length , it is considered one of Cash 's most cohesive pieces . This is largely because his sessions with Columbia were completed over a two-month period . That is greatly reduced when compared to the year by year sessions by Sun Records . The Fabulous Johnny Cash was a successful debut on Columbia for Cash as it sold over half a million copies during its initial release . The album was recorded simultaneously with Hymns by Johnny Cash , released in 1959 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "38c2c4b2a8ee2dabc22e6f59e4c9f5a5",
"text": "E=MC² (Mariah Carey album) E = MC ² is the eleventh studio album by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey . It was released in the United States on April 15 , 2008 by Island Records . The singer began recording the album in 2007 in Anguilla , after writing and composing most of its material during and after her 2006 Adventures of Mimi Tour . Carey worked with several notable songwriters and producers during the course of the project , including Jermaine Dupri , Bryan-Michael Cox , Stargate , The-Dream , Tricky Stewart , Scott Storch and Danja . The album revealed a more personal side of the singer , illustrated in its declarative theme of emancipation from her previous marriage , and from her personal and professional setbacks . Although it shared similar vocal production as well as an inclination to her signature pop and R&B ballads , the album also encompassed a variety of dance-oriented and uptempo styles . It was meant to be a continuation , or a second part of her tenth studio album , The Emancipation of Mimi ( 2005 ) . Carey collaborated with a number of artists on the album , including T-Pain , Damian Marley and Young Jeezy . Though considered by critics very similar to the formula its predecessor had been built on , E = MC ² included other genres she had never explored , such as reggae , and her continued recording of gospel-influenced hymns . E = MC ² was generally well received by music critics , with many complimenting the record 's broad genre influences , and musical and production styles . Some critics , however , felt that the album was too similar to The Emancipation of Mimi , and did n't offer anything new from the formula . The album debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 with opening week sales of 463,000 copies ; the highest first-week sales of Carey 's career . It opened inside the top-five on the albums chart in Australia , Canada , Switzerland and the United Kingdom . The album achieved worldwide sales of over 2.5 million copies . Four singles were commission in promotion of the album . The album 's lead single , `` Touch My Body '' , became Carey 's eighteenth chart topper on the Billboard Hot 100 , making her the solo artist with the most number one singles in United States history , surpassing the record held by Elvis Presley . Additionally , it gave Carey her 79th week atop the chart , tying Presley for most weeks at number one . It achieved strong worldwide charting , peaking within the top five of the singles charts in Italy , Japan , New Zealand , Switzerland and the United Kingdom . `` Bye Bye '' served as the album 's second release . Although hailed by critics , and expected to have achieved large commercial success , the song stalled at number nineteen on the Hot 100 , and managed to chart weakly internationally . Both the third and fourth singles , `` I 'll Be Lovin ' U Long Time '' and `` I Stay in Love '' failed to garner success in any prominent music market .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b77d0bbe2c42214177e0e2f81d499fc9",
"text": "A Period of Transition A Period of Transition is the ninth studio album by Northern Irish singer/songwriter Van Morrison , released in 1977 ( see 1977 in music ) . It was his first album in two and a half years , largely forgotten or overlooked by most casual fans . At the time of its release it was received with some disappointment by critics and fans : `` Most were hoping for a work of primeval vocal aggression that would challenge the emerging élite of Morrison pretenders , whose ranks included Bruce Springsteen , Bob Seger , Phil Lynott , Graham Parker and Elvis Costello . '' However , the album is still notable for several major compositions , including `` Heavy Connection , '' `` Flamingos Fly , '' `` The Eternal Kansas City '' and `` Cold Wind in August '' . Morrison had appeared in The Last Waltz with Mac Rebennack ( Dr. John ) who was a co-producer on this album as well as playing keyboards and guitar .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "85c0a989f8ecab856a151eae25aee1e2",
"text": "Hearts and Bones Hearts and Bones is the sixth solo studio album by Paul Simon . It was released in 1983 . The album was originally intended to be called Think Too Much , but Mo Ostin , president of Warner Bros. . Records , persuaded Simon to change it to Hearts and Bones . The album was written and recorded following Simon & Garfunkel 's The Concert in Central Park in 1981 , and the world tour of 1982-1983 . Several songs intended for Think Too Much were previewed on tour , and Art Garfunkel worked on some of the songs with Simon in the studio , with an intention that the finished product would be an all-new Simon & Garfunkel studio album . Garfunkel left the project and Simon worked the material into a solo album .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1ce3d4de08a1c23a94ca17f799e399a2",
"text": "Shine (Wale album) Shine is the fifth studio album by American rapper Wale . It was released on April 28 , 2017 , by Maybach Music Group , Atlantic Records and Every Blue Moon .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f4cf803bc31013e019f1ed04787fc6ad",
"text": "The Novembers THE NOVEMBERS is a four-piece Japanese alternative rock band . A preceding band was first formed in 2002 by Kobayashi Yusuke and Takamatsu Hirofumi . Subsequently , the preceding band disbanded in 2005 , and `` The Novembers '' was officially formed in March 2005 with Kobayashi and Takamatsu joined first by drummer Yoshiki Ryousuke in August 2005 , before its current lineup solidified in October 2005 with the arrival of Matsumoto Kengo . The band released two demo albums in 2006 before making its indie debut on UK Project 's Daizawa Record with the release of their album , `` The Novembers '' in November , 2007 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d48d9cf12d28c2c8a4f0165c268f802c",
"text": "Dennis Johnson (composer) Dennis Johnson ( born 1938 ) is credited as having composed the first truly ` Minimal ' composition ` November ' , which was written for solo piano in 1959 ( later revised ) . ` November ' is famous for being the inspiration for Johnson 's UCLA college friend La Monte Young 's 1964 composition ` The Well-Tuned Piano ' . The work has been painstakingly reconstructed from a 1962 ( 112min ) cassette recording , and six pages of the original score , by the composer and musicologist Kyle Gann , who first performed a four and a half hour version in 2009 with Sarah Cahill . Gann has produced a new performance score based on the original material that R. Andrew Lee has recorded in a five hour version released in 2013 by Irritable Hedgehog Music , receiving good reviews and a renewed interest in this seminal work of minimalism . In 2017 the Dutch pianist and composer Jeroen van Veen released ` November ' as part of his 8 disc Minimal Piano Collection Vol XXI-XXVIII . Dennis Johnson gave up music around 1962 and moved into mathematics ( working for a time at Caltech , the private research university in Pasadena ) leaving this one fascinating and influential work that features many of the elements that would later become the basic staples of 1960s and early 1970s ` Minimalism ' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "17d980219d606df51476b71964ccbf9a",
"text": "One Nation Under a Groove One Nation Under a Groove is the tenth studio album by American funk and rock band Funkadelic , released in September 1978 on Warner Bros. . Records . Recording sessions took place at United Sound Studio in Detroit , Michigan , with one song recorded live on April 15 , 1978 at the Monroe Civic Center in Monroe , Louisiana . The album was the first album to include keyboardist and frequent songwriter Walter `` Junie '' Morrison . One Nation Under a Groove was Funkadelic 's most commercially successful album , and one of its most critically lauded . It is also regarded by many as the greatest funk album of all time and ranks at or near the top of many `` best album '' lists in disparate genres . The album was later featured on Vibe magazine 's 100 Essential Albums of the 20th Century list . In 2003 , the album is ranked number 177 on Rolling Stone magazine 's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time . The album is listed as one of the 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f8c94cd36dc086f0d708fa76209ca90f",
"text": "Grammy Award for Producer of the Year, Classical The Grammy Award for Producer of the Year , Classical is an honor presented to record producers for quality classical music productions at the Grammy Awards , a ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards . Honors in several categories are presented at the ceremony annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to `` honor artistic achievement , technical proficiency and overall excellence in the recording industry , without regard to album sales or chart position '' . Originally known as the Grammy Award for Classical Producer of the Year , the award was first presented to James Mallinson at the 22nd Grammy Awards ( 1980 ) . The name remained unchanged until 1998 , when the category became known as Producer of the Year , Classical . According to the category description guide for the 52nd Grammy Awards , the award is presented to album producers `` whose recordings , released for the first time during the eligibility year , represent consistently outstanding creativity in the production of classical recordings '' . Producers must have produced at least 51 % playing time on three separately released recordings ( only one of which can be an opera released in DVD format ) . Producers may submit content as a team only if they worked together exclusively during the period of eligibility . Anthony Tommasini , music critic for The New York Times , asserted that `` In the struggling field of classical recording , it 's the producers who take the real risks and make things happen . '' The honor is presented alongside the award for Producer of the Year , Non-Classical . As of 2015 , Steven Epstein and Robert Woods share the record of the most wins , with seven each . Judith Sherman has won the award four times , while David Frost and James Mallinson have been presented the award three times each . Two-time recipients include Joanna Nickrenz ( once alongside Marc Aubort ) . Woods ' wife , Elaine Martone , received the honor in 2007 . David Frost is the son of Thomas Frost , who received an award in the same category in 1987 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "31eeacd1bd9fc7c5f991d1e2fd085f7b",
"text": "¡Dos! ¡ Dos ! is the tenth studio album by American punk rock band Green Day . The album was released on November 9 , 2012 in Australia , November 12 in the United Kingdom and on November 13 in the United States through Reprise Records . It is the second installment in the ¡ Uno ! ¡ Dos ! ¡ Tré ! trilogy . Following its predecessor 's power pop style , ¡ Dos ! was billed as Green Day 's take on garage rock . The album garnered the highest average reviews of all three trilogy albums , receiving generally positive reviews from music critics , who praised its dynamic style and catchy songs ; others found its music dull and observed filler on the album . It debuted at number nine on the US Billboard 200 , with first-week sales of 69,000 copies in the United States , a low for the band , becoming their first album since signing to a major record label to not sell 100,000 records in its first week .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f501bca0cd78ba1f30657e298cc11aa4",
"text": "List of Billboard 200 number-one albums of 1983 The Billboard 200 , published in Billboard magazine , is a weekly chart that ranks the highest-selling music albums and EPs in the United States . In 1983 , the name of the chart was Top LPs & Tape . Before Nielsen SoundScan began tracking sales in 1991 , Billboard estimated sales from a representative sampling of record stores nationwide , using telephone , fax or messenger service . Data were based on rankings made by the record stores of the best-selling records , not on actual sales figures . There were six number-one albums on this chart in 1983 , including the debut album of the Australian band Men at Work , Business as Usual , which spent the last seven weeks of 1982 and the first eight weeks of 1983 at number one , and was certified quadruple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) in 1984 . Thriller , the sixth studio album by recording artist Michael Jackson , was released on November 1982 . It peaked at number one for twenty-two non-consecutive weeks in 1983 with another fifteen consecutive weeks at the top into the following year , and seven songs from the album became top ten singles between late 1982 and early 1984 . Two of them : `` Billie Jean '' and `` Beat It '' , reached the top position of the Billboard Hot 100 . Thriller won eight Grammy Awards , including Album of the Year at the 26th Grammy Awards , and was the best-selling album of 1983 with more than fifteen million copies sold . In 2008 , twenty-five years after its release , the record was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame , and a few weeks later , it was among twenty-five recordings preserved by the Library of Congress to the National Recording Registry as `` culturally significant '' . Flashdance , the soundtrack to the 1983 musical and romance film of the same name , peaked at number one for two weeks and won the Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack Album for a Motion Picture . The two singles released from the album , `` Flashdance ... What a Feeling '' by Irene Cara , and `` Maniac '' by Michael Sembello , reached the top of the singles chart in 1983 . The New York Times considered the British band The Police to be the year 's most influential rock band . Australian , British , and American bands copied the white-reggae formula of their ( The Police 's ) earlier successes . The group released their fifth and final studio album , Synchronicity , in 1983 . The album , a varied accomplished blend of rock , funk , and third-world rhythms , stayed at number one for seventeen weeks and was certified four times platinum by the RIAA in 1984 . Metal Health , the third album by heavy metal band Quiet Riot , peaked at number one for one week , becoming the first heavy metal record to reach the top of the Billboard 200 . Singer-songwriter Lionel Richie released his second album Ca n't Slow Down in 1983 , which spent three weeks at the top and won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year at the 27th Grammy Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "671f4b108f4ba135cf9480e84534d2f5",
"text": "Nothing Gold Can Stay (album) Nothing Gold Can Stay is the debut studio album by American rock band New Found Glory , released on October 19 , 1999 through independent record label Eulogy Recordings . At the time , the band was then named `` A New Found Glory '' , but later dropped the indefinite article `` A '' due to some fans struggling to find their records in stores . The original pressings of the album contained samplings from several films including The Outsiders ( 1983 ) , Weird Science ( 1985 ) , and That Thing You Do ! ( 1996 ) , as well as Robert Frost 's poem `` Nothing Gold Can Stay '' , after which the album is named . On the strength of the release , Richard Reines , co-founder of Drive-Thru Records , signed the band after paying Eulogy a $ 5,000 license fee in order to re-release the album . Propelled by debut single `` Hit or Miss '' , Nothing Gold Can Stay garnered a cult following and sold in excess of 300,000 copies . The record was responsible for breaking the band in the United States and has been noted for its influence on contemporary pop punk music .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
2323fc6c7466ee0074bead2ea5bb1891
|
Glenn Close appeared in a few different types of productions.
|
[
{
"docid": "703a747a6dae130e145fec199767d40f",
"text": "Glenn Close Glenn Close ( born March 19 , 1947 ) is an American actress , singer and film producer . With an acting career spanning over 40 years , she has been consistently acclaimed for her versatility and is widely regarded as one of the finest actresses of her generation . She has won three Emmy Awards , three Tony Awards , four Golden Globe Awards , and has received six Academy Award nominations . Close began her professional stage career in 1974 in Love for Love , and was mostly a New York stage actress through the rest of the 1970s and early 1980s , appearing in both plays and musicals , including the Broadway productions of Barnum in 1980 and The Real Thing in 1983 , for which she won the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play . Her film debut was in The World According to Garp ( 1982 ) , which she followed up with supporting roles in The Big Chill ( 1983 ) and The Natural ( 1984 ) ; all three earned her nominations for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress . She would later receive nominations for the Academy Award for Best Actress for her performances in Fatal Attraction ( 1987 ) , Dangerous Liaisons ( 1988 ) and Albert Nobbs ( 2011 ) . She won two more Tony Awards in the 1990s , for Death and the Maiden in 1992 and Sunset Boulevard in 1995 , while she won her first Emmy Award for the 1995 TV film Serving in Silence : The Margarethe Cammermeyer Story . She starred as Eleanor of Aquitaine in the 2003 TV film The Lion in Winter , winning a Golden Globe Award . In 2005 , she starred in the drama series The Shield . Then , from 2007 to 2012 , she starred as Patty Hewes in the FX drama series Damages , a role that won her a Golden Globe and two Emmys . She has voiced the character of Mona Simpson in the animated sitcom The Simpsons since 1995 . She returned to Broadway in November 2014 , in a revival of Edward Albee 's A Delicate Balance . Her other films include Jagged Edge ( 1985 ) , Hamlet ( 1990 ) , Reversal of Fortune ( 1990 ) , 101 Dalmatians ( 1996 ) , Paradise Road ( 1997 ) , Air Force One ( 1997 ) , Cookie 's Fortune ( 1999 ) , Heights ( 2005 ) , Guardians of the Galaxy ( 2014 ) and The Girl With All The Gifts ( 2016 ) . Close is a six-time Academy Award nominee , tying the record for being the actress with the most nominations never to have won ( along with Deborah Kerr and Thelma Ritter ) . As of 2016 , Close has more Oscar nominations without a win than any other living actor . In addition , she has been nominated for four Tonys ( three wins ) , fourteen Emmys ( three wins ) , thirteen Golden Globes ( two wins ) , two Drama Desk Awards ( one win ) and eight Screen Actors Guild Awards ( one win ) . She has also won an Obie award and has been nominated for three Grammy Awards and a BAFTA . Close has received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame and has been inducted into the American Theater Hall of Fame .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "84f4149ab4f770b67c98e12ee69cd23f",
"text": "Cactus Flower (play) Cactus Flower is a farce by Abe Burrows . It played for years on Broadway before being adapted by I.A.L. Diamond into a 1969 feature film directed by Gene Saks . Based on the play Fleur de cactus by Pierre Barillet and Jean-Pierre Gredy , the comedy focuses on the relationship between young , wild Toni and her older , married lover Julian , a dentist . Convinced the two have no future together , Toni attempts suicide , and a guilt-ridden Julian rashly proposes he leave his wife so the couple can be together . However , Julian has never revealed to Toni that his `` marriage '' is actually an elaborate lie concocted to keep Toni at arm 's length . Toni refuses to break up his household without first meeting and talking with Julian 's soon-to-be-ex , so Julian enlists the aid of his shy spinster assistant Stephanie to pose as his non-existent wife . Complications arise when Toni decides the two must find her a new beau so everyone concerned can live happily ever after . After two previews , the Broadway production , directed by Burrows , opened on December 8 , 1965 at the Royale Theatre , where it ran for two years and nine months before transferring to the Longacre , for a total run of 1234 performances , ending on November 23 , 1968 . The original cast included Lauren Bacall , Barry Nelson , Brenda Vaccaro , and Burt Brinckerhoff . Lloyd Bridges , Kevin McCarthy , and Betsy Palmer were replacements later in the run . Both Vaccaro and Brinckerhoff were nominated for Tony Awards for their featured performances . Later adapted for film as : Cactus Flower with Walter Matthau , Ingrid Bergman and Goldie Hawn ( for which Hawn won an Academy Award ) and again in 2011 , as Just Go With It starring Adam Sandler , Jennifer Aniston and Brooklyn Decker .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "246d6650165524edfd0b799dfd4312af",
"text": "York Theatre York Theatre is an Off-Broadway theatre company base in East Midtown Manhattan , New York City . In its 48th year , York Theatre is dedicated to the production of new musicals and concert productions of forgotten musicals from the past . Each season consists of three or four mainstage productions , six or more concert presentations and dozens of developmental readings . It has had several transfers of its work to larger off-Broadway theatres and to Broadway . The company was awarded a special Drama Desk Award in 1996 to its artistic director Janet Hayes Walker and in 2006 for its `` vital contributions to theater by developing and presenting new musicals '' . Since 1993 the company has performed in an intimate theatre that is part of St. Peter 's Church , in the Citigroup Center Complex at 619 Lexington Avenue at the corner of East 54th Street . The Oscar Hammerstein Award is named in honor of the legendary lyricist and librettist who helped shape American musical theatre through his collaborations with a number of different composers and writers . The award was created in 1988 by Janet Hayes Walker , the Founding Artistic Director of The York Theatre Company , and is presented with the endorsement of the Rodgers & Hammerstein Organization and the Hammerstein family . The Oscar Hammerstein Award Gala is the major annual fundraising event of The York , a mainstay of the Off-Broadway scene for more than 45 years . Past recipients include Stephen Sondheim , Betty Comden & Adolph Green , Harold Prince , Cy Coleman , Charles Strouse , Arthur Laurents , Jerry Herman , Stephen Schwartz , Peter Stone , David Merrick , John Kander & Fred Ebb , Terrence McNally , Sir Cameron Mackintosh , Carol Channing , Tony Walton , Joseph Stein , Thomas Meehan , Jerry Bock and Sheldon Harnick , Barbara Cook , Paul Gemignani , Lynn Ahrens & Stephen Flaherty . In November , 2015 , the 24th Oscar Hammerstein Award was presented to Angela Lansbury in a star-studded tribute evening .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "81f021ba0209701cee80fdaaa810da08",
"text": "Tribute (play) Tribute is a play by Bernard Slade . The plot focuses on Scottie Templeton , a popular actor who has spent his life shirking responsibility . When he discovers he is terminally ill with leukemia , he attempts to reconnect with his long-estranged son . The play had extensive pre-Broadway runs in Boston , at the Colonial Theatre , and Toronto , at the Royal Alexandra Theatre . Before the play opened on Broadway , producer Morton Gottlieb and author Bernard Slade , had sold the movie rights to Paramount for over $ 1 million . On the opening night party at Tavern on the Green , Gottlieb gave out checks to investors , for payment in full , without help from the movie sale . After four previews , the play 's Broadway production opened on June 1 , 1978 at the Brooks Atkinson Theatre . Directed by Arthur Storch and starring Jack Lemmon , it ran for 212 performances . Jack had committed to do the play through November 1978 . The cast included Robert Picardo , Catherine Hicks , and Rosemary Prinz . Lemmon was nominated for both a Tony and a Drama Desk Award for his performance . In 1980 , Slade adapted his play for a feature film directed by Bob Clark , with Lemmon recreating his performance in the lead role . The supporting cast included Robby Benson , Lee Remick , Colleen Dewhurst , John Marley , and Kim Cattrall .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "acc21c5c56ca6a0318aa8bfae7303d02",
"text": "Earplay Earplay was the longest-running of the formal series of radio drama anthologies on National Public Radio , produced by WHA in Madison , Wisconsin and heard from 1972 into the 1990s . It approached radio drama as an art form with scripts written by such leading playwrights as Edward Albee , Arthur Kopit , Archibald MacLeish and David Mamet . Airing in stereo , Earplay provided a showcase for original and adapted work . Eventually , the less-sustained successor series NPR Playhouse drew episodes from the Earplay run . Often presented by NPR member stations on a weekly basis , Earplay episodes were produced with much attention to recording technique and sound-effects . In 1975 , it scored a triumph with Listening , an original play written by Edward Albee for stereo radio , employing one speaker for one character and another speaker for another character . Since both characters are seated in a room , the illusion is created that they are in the same room as the listener . After its premiere on radio , Listening was later performed on stage . Along with the CBS Radio Mystery Theater , Sears Radio Theater , The General Mills Radio Adventure Theater , Christian radio 's Unshackled and Public Radio 's The National Radio Theater of Chicago , Earplay was among the most ambitious nationwide projects in the medium in the U.S. during the 1970s and 1980s .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cd9c8a5ffd8006fdf3dc99b5d7cc8c44",
"text": "Glenn Carter Glenn Carter ( born 27 March 1964 ) is an English stage actor and singer-songwriter performing leading roles in musicals staged in London 's West End . He is a longtime leader of the British branch of the international UFO religion , the Raëlian Movement .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "80489e31fc63dd38d3a774ec41918581",
"text": "Diana Glenn Diana Glenn ( born 13 March 1974 ) is an Australian actress with many credits in television , movies and theatre .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "753a0002282a8dc95c27e76e5e11b2a8",
"text": "Reprise Musical Repertory Theatre Reprise Musical Repertory Theatre is a series of four 12 '' long playing vinyl albums recorded in Los Angeles in 1963 . The four albums were sold through mail order as a box set in 1963 , then released separately to retail in 1964 . They were conceived and produced by Frank Sinatra . Morris Stoloff was the musical director and the A&R Director was Sonny Burke . The four discs feature the scores of four popular Broadway musicals of the time , namely Finian 's Rainbow ( 1947 ) , Kiss Me , Kate ( 1948 ) , South Pacific ( 1949 ) and Guys and Dolls ( 1950 ) . The `` Guys and Dolls '' album was issued on CD in 1992 when the musical itself was enjoying a revival . All the albums were re-released in a box set on September 26 , 2000 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "25ca1c20d4c110b3fbfdd886f6a0bf0c",
"text": "List of Saturday Night Live episodes Saturday Night Live ( SNL ) is a late-night sketch comedy and variety show created by Lorne Michaels . It premiered on NBC , a terrestrial television network , on October 11 , 1975 under the title NBC 's Saturday Night . The show often satirizes contemporary American popular culture and politics . Saturday Night Live features a two-tiered cast : the repertory members , also known as the `` Not Ready for Prime-Time Players , '' and newer cast members , known as `` Featured Players . '' Each week , the show features a host , often a well-known celebrity , who delivers an opening monologue and performs in sketches with the cast . A musical guest is also invited to perform several sets ( usually two , and occasionally more ) . Every so often a host or musical guest will fill both roles , such as was the case with Britney Spears in 2000 and 2002 , Jennifer Lopez in 2001 and 2010 , Justin Timberlake in 2003 , 2006 and 2013 , Taylor Swift in 2009 , Bruno Mars in 2012 , Lady Gaga in 2013 , Miley Cyrus in 2013 and 2015 , Drake in 2014 and 2016 , Blake Shelton in 2015 , and Ariana Grande in 2016 . With the exception of Season 7 and several other rare cases , the show has begun with a cold open that ends with someone breaking character and proclaiming `` Live from New York , it 's Saturday Night ! '' Saturday Night Live is one of the longest running network programs in American television history , with over 800 episodes broadcast over the span of 42 seasons . A number of the show 's sketches have been developed into feature films , including The Blues Brothers , Wayne 's World , A Night at the Roxbury , Superstar , Coneheads , and MacGruber . Seasons 1 through 5 are available on DVD in Region 1 . Various Saturday Night Live sketches are available in several new media formats , including streaming on Hulu and Netflix . Selected sketches and segments are also available for purchase at the iTunes Store to download and playback on home computers and certain iPod and iPhone models .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "097d2e4cbd278542acd22ae5e9b45657",
"text": "Mr. Broadway Mr. Broadway is an American 13-episode CBS adventure and drama television series starring Craig Stevens as New York City public relations specialist Mike Bell . The program aired at 9 p.m. Eastern time Saturdays from September 26 to December 26 , 1964 . Also featured were Bell 's assistant , Toki , portrayed by Lani Miyazaki , and his police contact , Hank McClure , played by Horace McMahon . Mr. Broadway , a Talent Associates Production , was created by Garson Kanin and produced by David Susskind and Daniel Melnick . Dave Brubeck supplied the music and theme . It was shot on location in New York City . Although ` Mr. Broadway ' was only aired 13 episodes , it featured some notable guest stars , including Jason Robards , Lauren Bacall , Tuesday Weld , Jill St. John , Art Carney and Liza Minnelli in her first dramatic TV role . Notable episodes include guest appearances by Liza Minnelli as Minnie in `` Nightingale for Sale '' ; Sandy Dennis in `` Do n't Mention My Name in Sheboygan '' , and Lauren Bacall as Barbara Lake , with Martin Balsam as Nate Bannerman , in `` Something to Sing About '' . Other episodes are `` Keep an Eye on Emily '' ( the series ' pilot ) with Tuesday Weld as Emily and Oleg Cassini as himself , `` Take a Walk Through a Cemetery '' with Lauren Bacall , again , but also with Jason Robards , Jr. , and Jill St. John , `` Try to Find a Spy '' with Barbara Feldon and Simon Oakland , `` Between the Rats and the Finks '' with Larry Hagman , Dyan Cannon , Bruce Gordon , and Patrick McVey , `` The He-She Chemistry '' with Tammy Grimes , `` Maggie , Queen of the Jungle '' , with Nina Foch in the title role , `` Smelling Like a Rose '' with Art Carney , Hal Roach , and Tina Louise , `` Bad Little Rich Girl '' with Diana Van der Vlis as Mary Beth Warren and Larry Pennell as John Chambers , `` Sticks and Stones May Break My Bones '' with Philip Abbott as Geoffrey Karr and Lola Albright as Duff Daniels . Albright had been Stevens 's co-star on Peter Gunn , and `` Pay Now , Die Later '' , the series finale , with David Wayne as John Zeck and John Ireland as Jimmy King . In the latter episode the wealthy Zeck hires Mike Bell to write his obituary ahead of his death . Mr. Broadway aired following the new sitcom Gilligan 's Island and preceding the durable Western , Gunsmoke . Its competition was the Saturday Night Movie on NBC , and the second half of The Lawrence Welk Show and the first half of The Hollywood Palace on ABC .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "76309863bc0c89e4547c4aaabf3d3422",
"text": "Lakeboat Lakeboat is a semi-autobiographical play by David Mamet , written in 1970 and first produced in 1980 ( revised version ) . As he would later do with Glengarry Glen Ross , Mamet drew upon experiences from a past vocation to create high drama . In this case , he turned to his days as a cook aboard a cargo ship to frame this tale of Dale Katzman , a college student from an Ivy League school `` near Boston '' who takes a summer job as a cook in the galley of the T. Harrison , a lake freighter for a Chicago-based steel concern . Dale 's predecessor , Guigliani , endured a particularly violent end while on terra firma , the cause and nature of which is speculated by the other crew members . Dale , and the audience , gets to know each of them , including : Fireman , who reads voraciously when not `` watching the gauges '' ; Fred , who imparts his unique , politically incorrect philosophy regarding women on the young man ; and , especially , Joe Litko , a 23-year veteran of the seas , who sees much of himself in Dale . The dialogue is Mametspeak at its most raw , as secrets are shared , picayune matters are debated , and fantasies are laid out , vividly . The play 's world premiere was staged by the Milwaukee Repertory Theater on April 24 , 1980 ; subsequent major productions were mounted by the Long Wharf Theatre and the Goodman Theatre in 1982 . In 2000 , Mamet penned the screenplay for a film adaptation , which featured his half-brother Tony Mamet in the lead role of Dale . The ensemble cast also included Robert Forster as Joe Litko , Denis Leary as Fireman , and Jack Wallace , a veteran of Mamet productions , as Fred . Joe Mantegna , well-versed in the world of Mamet , made his directorial debut with the feature . The British Premiere of Lakeboat was at the Lyric Theatre , London in 1998 , and was directed by Aaron Mullen .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "291527c3a5f1c9dbd467d67c957d0602",
"text": "Theatre of Australia Theatre of Australia refers to the history of the performing arts in Australia , or produced by Australians . There are theatrical and dramatic aspects to a number of Indigenous Australian ceremonies such as the corroboree . During its colonial period , Australian theatrical arts were generally linked to the broader traditions of English literature and to British and Irish theatre . Australian literature and theatrical artists ( including Aboriginal as well as Anglo-Celtic and multicultural migrant Australians ) have over the last two centuries introduced the culture of Australia and the character of a new continent to the world stage . Individuals who have contributed to theatre in Australia and internationally include Sir Robert Helpmann , Dame Joan Sutherland , Barry Humphries , David Williamson , Cate Blanchett , Geoffrey Rush , Judy Davis , Jim Sharman , Tim Minchin and Baz Luhrmann . Notable theatrical institutions include the Sydney Opera House , and the National Institute of Dramatic Art in Sydney .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f7edf40c04c99285584ae7f393107489",
"text": "English Shakespeare Company The English Shakespeare Company was an English theatre company founded in 1986 by Michael Bogdanov and Michael Pennington to present and promote the works of William Shakespeare on both a national and an international level . Its inaugural production ( 1986 ) was an anthology entitled The Henrys ( Henry IV , Part 1 , Henry IV , Part 2 , and Henry V ) which opened at the Theatre Royal , Plymouth in December 1986 . A year later , several more plays ( Richard II , Henry VI : House of Lancaster , Henry VI : House of York and Richard III ) were added to the original productions and were presented as a complete history cycle under the title of The Wars of the Roses . The production toured for two years in seventeen venues in the UK including the Old Vic in London , as well as appearing at several international venues , including the Hong Kong Festival , opening the new Tokyo Globe Theatre , being the centrepiece of The World Theatre Festival of Chicago , and touring to Stamford , Connecticut , the Spoleto Festival , Melbourne , the Adelaide Festival , Brisbane , The Netherlands , Hamburg , Berlin and Frankfurt . In addition to The Wars of the Roses , productions of many individual Shakespeare plays were also presented . They included Twelfth Night , Macbeth , The Tempest , Romeo & Juliet , Antony and Cleopatra and As You Like It . The last production of ROMEO AND JULIET . indeed the closing production ended in Plymouth after touring the world .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5847107b7d26fe281936d4c2099547ce",
"text": "Glenn Jordan Glenn Jordan ( born April 5 , 1936 ) is an American television director and producer . Born in San Antonio , Texas , Jordan directed multiple episodes of Family and has helmed numerous television movies , several based on real persons as diverse as Benjamin Franklin , George Armstrong Custer , Lucille Ball , Christa McAuliffe , and Karen Ann Quinlan . His directing credits include small-screen adaptions of The Picture of Dorian Gray , Les Misérables , Hogan 's Goat , Eccentricities of a Nightingale , A Streetcar Named Desire , O Pioneers ! , and A Christmas Memory . Additional television directing credits include Heartsounds , Botticelli , Sarah , Plain and Tall , To Dance with the White Dog , Barbarians at the Gate , The Long Way Home , Sarah , Plain and Tall : Winter 's End , The Boys , and Jane 's House . Jordan has directed three feature films : Only When I Laugh , The Buddy System , and Mass Appeal . Jordan has been nominated for thirteen Emmy Awards and won four , for producing the miniseries Benjamin Franklin , for producing and directing the Hallmark Hall of Fame production Promise , and for executive producing the HBO production Barbarians at the Gate . He won two New York area Emmys for the PBS series Actor 's Choice and New York Television Theatre . He won the Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directorial Achievement in a Dramatic Series for Family and was nominated for Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Specials or Movies for Television for Les Misérables . Three of his productions ( Benjamin Franklin , Heartsounds , and Promise ) have won Peabody Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "19b190bce3bb86f308a7f7343a099710",
"text": "Industrial musical An industrial musical is a musical performed internally for the employees or shareholders of a business , to create a feeling of being part of a team , to entertain , and/or to educate and motivate the management and salespeople to improve sales and profit . It can be used to increase staff awareness of public relations , advertising , marketing or corporate image . Other terms for industrial musicals include the corporate musical or industrial show , but the latter can also refer to trade shows , which are publicity events organized by businesses in a specific industry to promote their products to potential buyers . Industrial musicals are not restricted to corporations or to businesses involved in industry . They should not be confused with industrial music , or with musicals produced by businesses to be seen by the general public , for example , Disney 's stage production of The Lion King .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5a8b740b20305355946bac11683ae022",
"text": "Theatre Guild The Theatre Guild is a theatrical society founded in New York City in 1918 by Lawrence Langner , Philip Moeller , Helen Westley and Theresa Helburn . Langner 's wife , Armina Marshall , then served as a co-director . It evolved out of the work of the Washington Square Players . Its original purpose was to produce non-commercial works by American and foreign playwrights . It differed from other theaters at the time in that its board of directors shared the responsibility of choosing plays , management , and production . The Theatre Guild contributed greatly to the success of Broadway from the 1920s throughout the 1970s . The Guild has produced a total of 228 plays on Broadway , including 18 by George Bernard Shaw and seven by Eugene O'Neill . Other major playwrights introduced to theatre-going Americans include Robert E. Sherwood , Maxwell Anderson , Sidney Howard , William Saroyan , and Philip Barry . In the field of musical theatre , the Guild has promoted works by Richard Rodgers , teamed with both Lorenz Hart and Oscar Hammerstein II , George and Ira Gershwin , Jule Styne , and Meredith Willson , all of which have become classics . Under President John F. Kennedy , the Guild was engaged to assemble a U.S. theatre company , headed by Helen Hayes , to tour the capitals of Europe and South America with works by Tennessee Williams , Thornton Wilder , and William Gibson . In 1968 , the Guild became involved in the travel field by taking 25 of its subscribers to European capitals to see plays . In 1975 , it instituted its Theatre At Sea program with a 17-day cruise aboard the Rotterdam with Hayes and Cyril Ritchard . Since then they have hosted more than thirty cruises , each with seven or eight performers . Among them have been Alan Arkin , Zoe Caldwell , Anne Jackson , Cherry Jones , Richard Kiley , Eartha Kitt , Patricia Neal , Lynn Redgrave , Gena Rowlands , Jean Stapleton , Eli Wallach , and Lee Roy Reams , who served as the program 's resident director . The last Broadway play produced by The Theatre Guild was State Fair in 1996 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ce37dbcc323b056860ac87e7f3c05e02",
"text": "Orion Pictures Orion Pictures Corporation is an American motion picture producer and distributor that produced and released films from 1978 until 1999 , and was also involved in television production and syndication throughout the 1980s until the early 1990s . It was formed in 1978 as a joint venture between Warner Bros. and three former top-level executives of United Artists . Although it was never a large motion picture producer , Orion achieved a comparatively high reputation for Hollywood quality . Woody Allen , James Cameron , Jonathan Demme , Oliver Stone , and several other prominent directors worked with Orion during its most successful years from 1978 to 1992 . Of the films distributed by Orion , four won Academy Awards for Best Picture : Amadeus ( 1984 ) , Platoon ( 1986 ) , Dances with Wolves ( 1990 ) , and The Silence of the Lambs ( 1991 ) . Two other Orion films , Hannah and Her Sisters ( 1986 ) and Mississippi Burning ( 1988 ) , were nominated for that same category . In 2013 , Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer revived the Orion name for television ; a year later Orion Pictures was quietly relaunched by the studio .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6d4188aef0eb03af23ddfa8a578c5481",
"text": "The West Side Waltz The West Side Waltz is a play by Ernest Thompson . The play focuses on Margaret Mary Elderdice , an aging , widowed pianist living in a dreary Upper West Side apartment , and her relationships with a prim , virginal violinist neighbor and the young companion who moves in for an extended stay . Thompson was prompted to write the piece when screenwriter George Seaton offered him a grant to write a new play following the success of his previous work , On Golden Pond . The play originally was presented off-Broadway in 1978 . After three previews , the Broadway production , directed by Noel William , opened on November 19 , 1981 , at the Ethel Barrymore Theatre . Despite the presence of screen legend Katharine Hepburn , supported by Dorothy Loudon , Regina Baff , and David Margulies , it ran for only 126 performances . Hepburn was nominated for a Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play , but lost to Zoe Caldwell ( Medea ) . Thompson wrote the teleplay for and directed a CBS production that originally aired on Thanksgiving night in 1995 . The cast included Shirley MacLaine , Liza Minnelli , Kathy Bates , Jennifer Grey , Estelle Harris , and Robert Pastorelli .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "001bca05fcdba4169adb3f8279308a82",
"text": "Closer Closer or Closers may refer to :",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "04c06f49302a6dee09c7f5324a366b6b",
"text": "ITV Sunday Night Theatre ITV Sunday Night Theatre , originally titled ITV Saturday Night Theatre , is a UK television anthology series screened on ITV , and produced by London Weekend Television ( LWT ) . Some episodes were produced with Kestrel Productions . Around 200 episodes aired on ITV from 1969-1974 , including productions of the plays Long Day 's Journey into Night by Eugene O'Neill , A Doll 's House by Henrik Ibsen , and Arms and the Man by George Bernard Shaw . Other episodes included adaptions of the works of William Shakespeare , James Joyce , Wilkie Collins , Simon Gray , Sam Shepard , Israel Horovitz , Arthur Miller , August Strindberg , J.B. Priestley , Lanford Wilson , and John Mortimer . Among its directors were Michael Lindsay-Hogg , Anthony Page , Mike Newell , Fielder Cook , Ted Kotcheff , Peter Wood , and Vivian Matalon . The actors involved included Helen Mirren , Laurence Olivier , Sean Connery , Anthony Hopkins , Michael Caine , Paul Scofield , George C. Scott , Laurence Harvey , Ralph Richardson , Diana Rigg , Trevor Howard , Glenda Jackson , Diane Cilento , Alec Guinness , Jane Asher , Martin Sheen , Colleen Dewhurst , Jean Marsh , Shelley Winters , Ian Holm , Richard Chamberlain , Edith Evans , John Gielgud , Shirley Knight , Ian McKellen , George Sanders and Margaret Whiting .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5f552d1abd43dab1ae24828341f90310",
"text": "Astor Theatre The Astor Theatre was located at 1537 Broadway , at West 45th Street in Times Square in New York City . It opened September 21 , 1906 with Shakespeare 's A Midsummer Night 's Dream and continued to operate as a Broadway theatre until 1925 . From 1925 until it closed in 1972 it was a first-run movie theater . The theater was designed by architect George W. Keister . It was demolished in 1982 to make way for the Marriott Marquis Hotel . The Astor was first managed by Lincoln A. Wagenhals and Collin Kemper , then by George M. Cohan and Sam Harris , and later by the Shubert Organization . Among the plays that debuted at the Astor were Cohan 's Seven Keys to Baldpate ( 1913 ) and Why Marry ? ( 1917 ) by Jesse Lynch Williams , the first winner of the Pulitzer Prize for Drama . In 1925 Loew 's Theatres bought the Astor and converted it into a movie house in order to have a Times Square `` road show '' showcase for first-run films from the MGM film studio . The Big Parade ( 1925 ) was the first film shown at the Astor where it ran for a continuous 96-week engagement . Other films to make their Times Square debuts at the Astor include The Broadway Melody ( 1929 ) , Grand Hotel ( 1932 ) , The Great Ziegfeld ( 1936 ) and Gone With the Wind ( 1939 ) for MGM ; and Alfred Hitchcock 's Spellbound ( 1945 ) and The Beatles in A Hard Day 's Night '' ( 1964 ) for United Artists .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
7162693fc8b39b1b0ce3184dc2f4d30d
|
Diana Ross had more hits than any female artists in the charts.
|
[
{
"docid": "56b438faf03f8c782f84fe90476c79c2",
"text": "Diana Ross Diane Ernestine Earle Ross ( born March 26 , 1944 ) is an American singer , songwriter , actress , and record producer . Born and raised in Detroit , Michigan , Ross rose to fame as the lead singer of the vocal group The Supremes , which , during the 1960s , became Motown 's most successful act , and is to this day the United States ' most successful vocal group , as well as one of the world 's best-selling girl groups of all time . Ross ' success as lead singer of The Supremes made it possible for future African-American R&B and soul acts to find mainstream success . The group released a record-setting twelve number-one hit singles on the US Billboard Hot 100 , including `` Where Did Our Love Go '' , `` Baby Love '' , `` Come See About Me '' , `` Stop ! In the Name of Love '' , `` You Ca n't Hurry Love '' , `` You Keep Me Hangin ' On '' , `` Love Child '' , and `` Someday We 'll Be Together '' . Following her departure from The Supremes in 1970 , Ross released her eponymous debut solo album that same year , which contained the Top 20 Pop hit `` Reach Out and Touch ( Somebody 's Hand ) '' and the number-one Pop hit `` Ai n't No Mountain High Enough '' . She later released the album Touch Me in the Morning in 1973 ; its title track reached number 1 , as her second solo hit . That same year , her album `` Lady Sings The Blues '' , which was the original soundtrack of her film based on the life of jazz singer Billie Holiday , went to no. 1 on the Billboard Hot 200 Albums Chart , selling more than 300,000 copies within its first 8 days of release . By 1975 , the Mahogany soundtrack included her third number-one hit , `` Theme from Mahogany ( Do You Know Where You 're Going To ) '' . Her eponymous 1976 album included her fourth number-one hit , `` Love Hangover '' . In 1979 , Ross released the album The Boss . Her 1980 semi-eponymous album Diana reached number 2 on the US Billboard albums chart , and spawned the number-one hit `` Upside Down '' , and the international hit `` I 'm Coming Out '' . After leaving Motown , Ross achieved her sixth and final US number-one Pop hit , with the duet `` Endless Love '' , composed for the Brooke Shields film of the same name , by and performed with former Commodores front man , Lionel Richie . Ross and Richie performed the song on the telecast for the 54th Academy Awards , where the song was nominated in the category of `` Best Song '' . Ross has also ventured into acting , with a Golden Globe Award and Academy Award-nominated performance for her performance in the film Lady Sings the Blues ( 1972 ) . She also starred in two other films , Mahogany ( 1975 ) and The Wiz ( 1978 ) , later acting in the television films Out of Darkness ( 1994 ) , for which she also was nominated for a Golden Globe Award , and Double Platinum ( 1999 ) . Ross was named the `` Female Entertainer of the Century '' by Billboard magazine . In 1993 , the Guinness Book of World Records declared Ross the most successful female music artist in history , due to her success in the United States and United Kingdom for having more hits than any female artist in the charts , with a career total of 70 hit singles with her work with the Supremes and as a solo artist . Ross has sold more than 100 million records worldwide , when her releases with the Supremes and as a solo artist are tallied . In 1988 , Ross was inducted to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as member of the Supremes , alongside Mary Wilson and Florence Ballard . She was the recipient of the Kennedy Center Honors in 2007 , and the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2016 . She is a 12-time Grammy nominee , never earning a competitive honor , but later became the recipient of the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 2012 . In December 2016 , Billboard magazine named her the 50th most successful dance artist of all time .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "7a4d9118ff5e1f0ecacdfc142eb3f4df",
"text": "List of Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles of 1997 The Billboard Hot 100 is a chart that ranks the best-performing singles of the United States . Published by Billboard magazine , the data are compiled by Nielsen SoundScan based collectively on each single 's weekly physical sales and airplay . There were nine singles that peaked atop the charts , but if `` Un-Break My Heart '' is excluded from the count ( for the song started its peak in the previous year ) , the total would be eight , the second lowest for a single year , tied with 1996 and subsequently , 2005 . The longest running number-one single of 1997 is `` Candle in the Wind 1997 '' / `` Something About the Way You Look Tonight '' , which logged 14 weeks at the top of the Billboard Hot 100 . Two of those weeks were logged in 1998 while the remaining 12 were attained in 1997 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6d403ba95538df951631b910094752a5",
"text": "Grammy Award for Best New Artist The Grammy Award for Best New Artist has been awarded since 1959 . Years reflect the year in which the Grammy Awards were handed out , for records released in the previous year . The award was not presented in 1967 . The official guidelines are as follows : `` For a new artist who releases , during the Eligibility Year , the first recording which establishes the public identity of that artist . '' Note that this is not necessarily the first album released by an artist . It is sometimes asserted , with varying degrees of sincerity , that winning the award is a curse , as several award winners ( particularly from the late 1970s and early 1980s ) were never able to duplicate the success they experienced in their debut year . This viewpoint was expressed by former Starland Vocal Band member Taffy Danoff in a 2002 interview for VH1 's 100 Greatest One Hit Wonders : `` We got two of the five Grammys -- one was Best New Artist . So that was basically the kiss of death and I feel sorry for everyone who 's gotten it since . '' The category is also notable for being the only one of its kind in which a Grammy Award was vacated . This occurred in 1990 after it was revealed winners Milli Vanilli did not contribute their own vocals on their debut album . The award was revoked , but was not handed out to another artist . Of the 54 awards presented in the category since its inception , the honor has been presented to 25 solo female artists , 18 duos or groups , and 11 solo male artists . Between 1997 and 2003 , all the winners were solo female artists . Also , from 1993 to 2005 , no winner was a solo male artist . In 2006 , John Legend broke this trend , which started with Marc Cohn in 1992 . Only four artists have won both Best New Artist and Album of the Year in the same year : Bob Newhart in 1961 , Christopher Cross in 1981 , Lauryn Hill in 1999 and Norah Jones in 2003 . Of all the winners , only three have been country artists . In 1997 , LeAnn Rimes became the first country artist to win the award . She was followed by Carrie Underwood in 2007 and Zac Brown Band in 2010 . Additionally , 2017 marked the first time that two country artists were nominated in this category in the same year . 1984 marked the first time that all of the nominees were from outside of the United States ( Winner Culture Club , Eurythmics , and Musical Youth were from England , Big Country was from Scotland , and Men Without Hats were from Canada ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bed073c576632be5e54e9352e5226348",
"text": "Ross (1983 album) Ross is a 1983 album by the American entertainer Diana Ross , her third released on the RCA label . It was released shortly before Ross gave a pair of free concerts in New York 's Central Park . The album reached # 32 on the US charts , # 14 on the US R&B charts and # 44 in the UK . It has never been reissued as a digital download . The album 's highest international chart position was in Sweden , where it reached # 7 . Five of the eight tracks were produced by Gary Katz , two by Ray Parker Jr and one by Ross . The album 's first single , `` Pieces of Ice '' , peaked at # 31 on the US charts . Subsequent singles `` Up Front '' ( US R&B # 60 , UK # 79 ) and `` Let 's Go Up '' ( US # 77 ) were also minor hits . `` Up Front '' was remixed by Jolley & Swain for its European release . The album 's final US sales were slightly higher than 250,000 copies . The album was remastered and re-released in September 2014 by Funky Town Grooves , as an `` Expanded Edition '' with bonus material .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "af81fa04a2d48334c84d8a0d707a8adb",
"text": "Bad Girl (The Miracles song) `` Bad Girl '' is a 1959 doo-wop single by The Miracles . Issued locally on the Motown Records label , it was licensed to and issued nationally by Chess Records because the fledgling Motown Record Corporation did not , at that time , have national distribution . It was the first single released ( and the only one released by this group ) on the Motown label - all previous singles from the company ( and all following ones from the group ) were released on Motown 's Tamla label . Although The Miracles had charted regionally and on the R&B charts with several earlier songs , including `` Got a Job '' , `` I Cry '' , `` I Need a Change '' , and '' ( You Can ) Depend on Me '' , `` Bad Girl '' was their first national chart hit , reaching # 93 on the Billboard Hot 100 . Written by Miracles lead singer Smokey Robinson and Motown Records ' President and Founder Berry Gordy , `` Bad Girl '' is a sad , remorseful ballad about a young woman , whom Robinson , as the narrator , says `` was so good at the start '' , but who later in the song `` is breaking my heart '' . It is in the popular doo-wop style , as several of The Miracles ' songs were during the late 1950s . The record 's success , coupled with the distributor 's failure to pay Gordy and The Miracles properly for its sales , prompted Robinson to urge Gordy to `` go national '' with it , meaning that Motown should do its own national distribution of its songs , and eliminate the middleman , to ensure that all money from sales of its records would go directly to the label . On the Motown/Universal DVD Smokey Robinson and The Miracles : The Definitive Performances 1963-1987 , Robinson and fellow Miracles Bobby Rogers and Pete Moore commented that the song 's success allowed the group to tour nationally for the first time , and to play New York 's legendary Apollo Theatre during the Ray Charles Show . The group was not ready for the appearance : it lacked performance experience and failed to produce professional big band arrangements to the satisfaction of theatre manager Honi Coles . Ray Charles intervened , took the group under his wing , and , with his band , created arrangements for their songs . Charles was one of the first to help them on their climb to eventual success . `` Bad Girl '' has since become a doo-wop classic and was named one of the 100 Greatest Doo-Wop Songs of All Time by Doo Wop Nation . It appears on several Miracles ' compilations , including Greatest Hits from the Beginning . The song was also performed by the group on their final live album , 1957 -- 1972 . It has been covered by the Dazz Band and by Motown artist Mary Wells , whose version was called `` Bad Boy '' and appeared on her debut album , Bye Bye Baby I Do n't Want to Take a Chance .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9935788f9b46fe56cfeedc926db246ce",
"text": "The Miracles discography The Miracles were the Motown Record Corporation 's first group and its first million-selling recording artists . During their nineteen-year run on the American music charts , The Miracles charted over fifty hits and recorded in the genres of doo wop , soul , disco , and R&B . Twenty-six Miracles songs reached the Top Ten of the Billboard R&B singles chart , including four R&B number ones . Sixteen of the Miracles ' songs charted within the Top 20 of the Billboard Hot 100 , with seven of those songs reaching the Top Ten and two -- 1970 's `` The Tears of a Clown '' and 1975 's `` Love Machine '' ( Part 1 ) -- reaching number-one . A third song , the million-selling `` Shop Around '' reached # 1 on the Cash Box magazine Pop chart . The Miracles also scored 11 U.S. R&B Top 10 Albums , including 2 - # 1 's . According to several websites , the Miracles are one of the most oft-covered groups in recorded history and the most covered Motown group ever . Their music and songs have influenced artists all over the world -- in every major musical genre -- over the last 50 years . They also have the distinction of having more songs inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame than any other Motown group . ( Original lineup : Claudette Rogers Robinson , Bobby Rogers , Ronnie White , Smokey Robinson , Marv Tarplin , Pete Moore ) . All releases were on Motown Records ' Tamla subsidiary label unless otherwise indicated . In the 1960s , Motown Record Corporation , like many independent labels , did not register sales figures through the RIAA , the organization that certifies and awards Gold Records . So it is difficult to determine the full number of Miracles songs and recordings that sold a million or more records . Also , with the passing of decades of time , some songs that did not sell a million records on their initial release may have indeed done so over the years . However , several reference works , such as the books Hits Of The Sixties : The Million Sellers by Demitri Coryton & Joseph Murrells , as well as The Book Of Golden Discs - by Joseph Murrells - point out that the Miracles had several million - selling records during their career , including the following : Shop Around ( 1961 ) , You 've Really Got a Hold on Me ( 1962 ) , Mickey 's Monkey ( 1963 ) , The Tracks Of My Tears ( 1965 ) , Going To A Go-Go , ( single and album ) ( 1965 ) , I Second That Emotion ( 1967 ) , Baby Baby Do n't Cry ( 1969 ) , The Tears of a Clown * ( 1970 ) , Do It Baby ( 1974 ) , Love Machine * ( 1975 ) , and the Platinum album City Of Angels ( 1975 ) . This is quite probably an incomplete list , since Miracle Pete Moore states on his corporate website , that The Miracles actually had 12 Gold Records to their credit by 1967 , including 1965 's Ooo Baby Baby . multi-million sellers . Note : The Miracles ' 2006 DVD release The Definitive Performances ( 1963 -- 1987 ) was also certified Gold by the R.I.A.A.",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "450c2d6cabe6f9867f3f14ec18159114",
"text": "Billboard Top Rock'n'Roll Hits: 1955 Billboard Top Rock 'n' Roll Hits : 1955 is a compilation album released by Rhino Records in 1988 , featuring 10 hit recordings from 1955 . The volume is the first in a series of albums by Rhino Records that chronicled years in music , starting from 1955 and continuing through 1995 . Each of the albums issued in the series included a `` Time Capsule '' in its liner notes . These notes served as a synopsis for the year featured on the album , including the top news headlines , sports events , television programs and trends in fashion and popular culture . The track lineups tended to feature most of the year 's top 10 hits , although some of the year 's most popular songs on a given album were not included for various reasons -- most commonly , licensing restrictions . This would be most evident for several of Rhino 's Billboard volumes covering the 1960s , where songs by The Beatles and The Rolling Stones were not included . In such cases , other songs that were among the most popular of the year were substituted . For the 1955 track lineup , just one song topped the Billboard Best Sellers in Stores chart : `` Rock Around the Clock '' by Bill Haley & His Comets . Also included was `` Sincerely '' by The Moonglows , whose version -- which topped the Top Rhythm & Blues Songs chart -- was used in place of The McGuire Sisters ' version , which reached No. 1 on the Best Sellers in Stores mainstream chart . Most of the other songs reached the top 10 of one of the three charts Billboard had in place at the time -- the Best Sellers in Stores , Most Played by Jockeys and Most Played in Jukeboxes . Rhino 's mainstream pop top hits volumes for the years 1955 through 1974 were titled `` Billboard Top Rock 'n' Roll Hits . '' Starting with the 1975 volume and continuing through the 1995 entry , the series became known as `` Billboard Top Hits . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "492bbeb7b37cbe309622dbb3ea387704",
"text": "Celine Dion Céline Marie Claudette Dion , ( -LSB- ˈdiːɒn -RSB- -LSB- seˈlɪn dziˈjɔ̃ -RSB- ; born 30 March 1968 ) is a Canadian singer and businesswoman . Born into a large family from Charlemagne , Quebec , Dion emerged as a teen star in the French-speaking world after her manager and future husband René Angélil mortgaged his home to finance her first record . Dion first gained international recognition in the 1980s by winning both the 1982 Yamaha World Popular Song Festival and the 1988 Eurovision Song Contest where she represented Switzerland . Following a series of French albums during the 1980s , she signed on to Epic Records in the United States . In 1990 , Dion released her debut English-language album , Unison , establishing herself as a viable pop artist in North America and other English-speaking areas of the world . During the 1990s , with the help of Angélil , she achieved worldwide fame after releasing several English albums along with additional French albums . Her albums , Falling into You ( 1996 ) and Let 's Talk About Love ( 1997 ) , were both certified diamond in the US while D'eux ( 1995 ) became the best-selling French-language album of all time . She also scored a series of international number-one hits , including `` Nothing Broken but My Heart '' , `` The Power of Love '' , `` Think Twice '' , `` Because You Loved Me '' , `` It 's All Coming Back to Me Now '' , `` My Heart Will Go On '' , and `` I 'm Your Angel . '' However , in 1999 at the height of her success , Dion announced a hiatus from entertainment to start a family and spend time with her husband , who had been diagnosed with cancer . She returned to the top of pop music in 2002 and signed to perform nightly in A New Day ... ( 2003 -- 07 ) , a five-star theatrical show at the Colosseum at Caesars Palace , on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise , Nevada . It became the most successful residency show of all time , grossing US $ 385 million . Dion 's music has been influenced by genres ranging from rock and R&B to gospel and classical . Her recordings are mainly in French and English , although she also sings in Spanish , Italian , German , Latin , Japanese , and Mandarin Chinese . While her releases have often received mixed critical reception , she is regarded as one of pop music 's most influential voices . Dion has won five Grammy Awards , including Album of the Year and Record of the Year . She is the second best-selling female artist in the US during the Nielsen SoundScan era . In 2003 , Dion was honoured by the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry ( IFPI ) for selling over 50 million albums in Europe . Dion remains the best-selling Canadian artist and one of the best-selling artists of all time with record sales of over 200 million copies worldwide .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a783395cbeabd07dbe4fb323c013126b",
"text": "Shirley Jones (R&B singer) Shirley Jones is an American R&B singer . She was a member of The Jones Girls before starting a solo career . Jones began singing gospel as a child with her sisters , Brenda and Valorie , and her mother Mary Frazier Jones . Shirley and her sisters eventually began singing secular music as The Jones Girls , and in 1976 became background singers for Diana Ross . In 1979 , they signed with Philadelphia International Records , and enjoyed a string of hit singles in the first half of the 1980s . After the group disbanded in 1984 , Jones was offered a solo contract with Philadelphia International , and released a hit single , `` Do You Get Enough Love '' . A full-length album followed . Soon after the success of the single , Jones married Harlem Globetrotters player Harold Hubbard . One more full-length album followed in 1994 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b79933457a12bf391402d918756e2d94",
"text": "Ross Sisters The Ross Sisters were a trio of American singers and dancers comprising Betsy Ann Ross ( 1926 -- 1996 ) , Veda Victoria `` Vicki '' Ross ( 1927 -- 2002 ) , and Dixie Jewell Ross ( 1929 -- 1963 ) , who used the stage names Aggie , Maggie , and Elmira . They performed as a three-part harmony trio , who also danced and have become particularly noted for their acrobatics and contortionism . Their careers peaked during the 1940s , when they featured prominently in the 1944 film Broadway Rhythm , footage from which appeared in the 1994 compilation film That 's Entertainment ! III , and later online .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7bd8af40bad9af60b6e40673b746a063",
"text": "Country Music Association The Country Music Association ( CMA ) was founded in 1958 in Nashville , Tennessee . It originally consisted of only 233 members and was the first trade organization formed to promote a music genre . The objectives of the organization are to guide and enhance the development of Country Music throughout the world ; to demonstrate it as a viable medium to advertisers , consumers , and media ; and to provide a unity of purpose for the Country Music industry . However the CMA may be best known to most country music fans for its annual Country Music Association Awards broadcast live on network television each fall ( usually October or November ) . Initially , CMA 's Board of Directors included nine directors and five officers . Wesley Rose , president of Acuff-Rose Publishing , Inc. , served as CMA 's first chairman of the board . Broadcasting entrepreneur and executive Connie B. Gay was the founding president . Originally there were nine individual membership categories . The current 15 categories represent all facets of the music industry . Organizational memberships are also available . CMA membership is composed of those persons or organizations that are involved in Country Music , directly and substantially . The first CMA Awards ceremony was held in 1967 in Nashville . Sonny James and Bobbie Gentry hosted the event , which was not televised . The winner of the first `` Entertainer of the Year '' award was singer Eddy Arnold . `` Male Vocalist of the Year '' went to Jack Greene and `` Female Vocalist of the Year '' to Loretta Lynn . In 1968 , Roy Rogers and Dale Evans hosted the awards , which were presented at the Ryman Auditorium in Nashville . ( The ceremony was filmed and televised on NBC a few weeks later . ) The first live telecast of the show was in 1969 . Annual awards are given in the following twelve categories : Entertainer of the Year , Male Vocalist , Female Vocalist , New Artist of the Year ( formerly the Horizon Award ) , Vocal Group , Vocal Duo , Single , Album , Song , Music Event , Music Video , and Musician . The CMA also gives a `` CMA Broadcast Award '' to country-formatted radio stations each year . Broadcast Awards are segmented based on market size , major market ( Arbitron Ranking 1 -- 25 ) , large market ( Arbitron Ranking 26 -- 50 ) , medium market ( Arbitron Ranking 51 -- 100 ) , and small market ( All other Markets ) . A single station can not win the award in consecutive years . In honor of the association 's 50th anniversary , MCA Nashville released a song called `` Forever Country '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "582481df32d1eae5316ccdba8e5c89d8",
"text": "List of Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles of 1994 This is a list of the American Billboard magazine Hot 100 number-ones of 1994 . There were 10 singles that topped the chart this year . The first of these , `` Hero '' by Mariah Carey , spent one week at the top , concluding a four-week run that had begun in December 1993 . The longest running number-one single of 1994 is `` I 'll Make Love to You '' by Boyz II Men , which logged 14 weeks at number-one , tying the song with `` I Will Always Love You '' by Whitney Houston for the most weeks at number-one on the Billboard Hot 100 until `` One Sweet Day '' by Mariah Carey and Boyz II Men stayed atop the chart from December 1995 to the first quarter of 1996 . With the rise of `` On Bended Knee '' to the top of the Hot 100 , Boyz II Men became the first act to chart consecutive number-one singles in the United States since The Beatles charted three consecutive number-one singles in 1964 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "012fcef9cc087ab935852c043b3431ae",
"text": "Forever Came Today `` Forever Came Today '' is a 1967 song written and produced by the Motown collective of Holland -- Dozier -- Holland , and was first made into a hit as a single for Diana Ross & the Supremes in early 1968 . A disco version of the song was released as a single seven years later by Motown group The Jackson 5 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "23eda5da586f932392c2785c58780188",
"text": "Mexican pop music Mexican pop is a music genre produced in Mexico , particularly intended for teenagers and young adults . Mexico is the country that exports the most entertainment in Spanish language . Mexican pop was limited to Latin America until the mid-1990s , when an interest towards this type of music increased after Luis Miguel 's , Lynda Thomas ' , Selena 's , Thalía 's , Gloria Trevi 's and Paulina Rubio 's debuts before the mainstream USA audience . During the 1960s and 1970s most of the pop music produced in Mexico consisted on Spanish-language versions of English-language rock-and-roll hits . Singers and musical groups like Angélica María , Johnny Laboriel , Alberto Vázquez , Enrique Guzmán or Los Teen Tops performed cover versions of songs by Elvis Presley , Paul Anka , Nancy Sinatra and others .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f501bca0cd78ba1f30657e298cc11aa4",
"text": "List of Billboard 200 number-one albums of 1983 The Billboard 200 , published in Billboard magazine , is a weekly chart that ranks the highest-selling music albums and EPs in the United States . In 1983 , the name of the chart was Top LPs & Tape . Before Nielsen SoundScan began tracking sales in 1991 , Billboard estimated sales from a representative sampling of record stores nationwide , using telephone , fax or messenger service . Data were based on rankings made by the record stores of the best-selling records , not on actual sales figures . There were six number-one albums on this chart in 1983 , including the debut album of the Australian band Men at Work , Business as Usual , which spent the last seven weeks of 1982 and the first eight weeks of 1983 at number one , and was certified quadruple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) in 1984 . Thriller , the sixth studio album by recording artist Michael Jackson , was released on November 1982 . It peaked at number one for twenty-two non-consecutive weeks in 1983 with another fifteen consecutive weeks at the top into the following year , and seven songs from the album became top ten singles between late 1982 and early 1984 . Two of them : `` Billie Jean '' and `` Beat It '' , reached the top position of the Billboard Hot 100 . Thriller won eight Grammy Awards , including Album of the Year at the 26th Grammy Awards , and was the best-selling album of 1983 with more than fifteen million copies sold . In 2008 , twenty-five years after its release , the record was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame , and a few weeks later , it was among twenty-five recordings preserved by the Library of Congress to the National Recording Registry as `` culturally significant '' . Flashdance , the soundtrack to the 1983 musical and romance film of the same name , peaked at number one for two weeks and won the Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack Album for a Motion Picture . The two singles released from the album , `` Flashdance ... What a Feeling '' by Irene Cara , and `` Maniac '' by Michael Sembello , reached the top of the singles chart in 1983 . The New York Times considered the British band The Police to be the year 's most influential rock band . Australian , British , and American bands copied the white-reggae formula of their ( The Police 's ) earlier successes . The group released their fifth and final studio album , Synchronicity , in 1983 . The album , a varied accomplished blend of rock , funk , and third-world rhythms , stayed at number one for seventeen weeks and was certified four times platinum by the RIAA in 1984 . Metal Health , the third album by heavy metal band Quiet Riot , peaked at number one for one week , becoming the first heavy metal record to reach the top of the Billboard 200 . Singer-songwriter Lionel Richie released his second album Ca n't Slow Down in 1983 , which spent three weeks at the top and won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year at the 27th Grammy Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "feb2cefa27e5f5cfca3d772bd2acd17b",
"text": "List of Single Top 100 number-one singles of 2011 Throughout all 52 weeks in 2011 , 31 songs topped the Mega Single Top 100 . The Single Top 100 is a chart composed by MegaCharts based on official physical single sales and legal downloads , and one of the three official Dutch record charts , the two others being the Dutch Top 40 and the Mega Top 50 . The first number-one hit on the chart in 2011 was Martin Solveig and Dragonette 's `` Hello '' , and the last was Studio Killers ' `` Ode to the Bouncer '' . Artists and acts that had or were featured in at least one song that topped the Mega Single Top 100 that year for at least one week were Martin Solveig , Dragonette , Jan Smit , Ben Saunders , Dean Saunders , Adele , 3JS , Lady GaGa , Nick & Simon , Alexis Jordan , Glennis Grace , Frans Duijts , Do , Coldplay , Rochelle Perts , Guus Meeuwis , Sak Noel , Lucenzo , Big Ali , Don Omar , Nick Schilder , Thomas Acda , Keizer , Paul de Munnik , Gotye , Kimbra , The Voice of Holland , Gers Pardoel , Jeroen van der Boom , Metropole Orkest ( Dutch : The Metropole Orchestra ) , Birdy , Sandro Silva , Quintino and Studio Killers . Out of these acts , 20 of them , Dean Saunders , Alexis Jordan , Glennis Grace , Frans Duijts , Rochelle Perts , Guus Meeuwis , Sak Noel , Don Amor , Big Ali , Lucenzo , Nick Schilder , Thomas Acda , Simon Keizer , Paul de Munnik , Gotye , Kimbra , Birdy , Quintino , Sandro , and Studio Killers , achieved their first number-one single on the chart that year , either as lead or featured artist . Two artists , Jan Simit and Adele , had 2 songs that went number one . 23 singles that topped the chart were solo songs , while eight others were collaborations . One of Adele 's songs , `` Rolling in the Deep '' , was the best-performing single of 2011 , topping the Single Top 100 's 2011 year-end chart .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c08c87fd6a99eb0d2b23b7caf375cd3f",
"text": "List of Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles of 2007 The Billboard Hot 100 is a chart that ranks the best-performing singles of the United States . Published by Billboard magazine , the data are compiled by Nielsen SoundScan based collectively on each single 's weekly physical and digital sales , and airplay . In 2007 , 17 singles reached the top spot on the chart . An 18th single , Beyoncé Knowles ' `` Irreplaceable '' , began a run at the top in 2006 which continued into 2007 . In 2007 , eight acts achieved their first US number-one single , either as a lead artist or featured guest : Maroon 5 , Avril Lavigne , Mims , Plain White T 's , Sean Kingston , Soulja Boy Tell 'Em , T-Pain , and Yung Joc . Producer Timbaland earned his first number-one single as lead artist with `` Give It to Me '' ; he had previously appeared as featured guest on singer Nelly Furtado 's number-one single `` Promiscuous '' . T-Pain , Justin Timberlake , Nelly Furtado and Fergie each earned two number-one singles , either as a lead artist or featured guest . Three number-one singles tied for the longest run on the chart in 2007 : Knowles ' `` Irreplaceable '' , Rihanna 's `` Umbrella '' , and Soulja Boy Tell 'Em 's `` Crank That ( Soulja Boy ) '' all topped the chart for seven weeks ; the last of these was non-consecutive . However , `` Irreplaceable '' , which started its peak position in three issues the previous year , is credited to by Billboard magazine as 2006 's longest-running single . To this effect , `` Umbrella '' and `` Crank That ( Soulja Boy ) '' are the longest-running singles of 2007 . Other singles with extended chart runs include singer Alicia Keys ' `` No One '' which stayed at number one for five straight weeks . `` Irreplaceable '' is the best-performing single of the calendar year , topping the Year-End Hot 100 singles of 2007 for seven consecutive weeks . Band Maroon 5 's `` Makes Me Wonder '' is noted for its jump from 64th to 1st place on the Billboard Hot 100 , making it the largest leap of 2007 . `` Umbrella '' , which occupied the top slot for seven of summer 's thirteen weeks , has been credited by the music press as 2007 's Song of the Summer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "01c6d3db8c64dae0bdfd91581b59e930",
"text": "List of best-selling singles According to Guinness World Records , `` White Christmas '' ( 1942 ) by Bing Crosby is the best-selling single worldwide , with estimated sales of over 50 million copies . The song recognized as `` the best-selling single of all time '' was released before the pop/rock singles-chart era and `` was listed as the world 's best-selling single in the first-ever Guinness Book of Records ( published in 1955 ) and -- remarkably -- still retains the title more than 50 years later . '' Guinness World Records states that double A-side charity single `` Candle in the Wind 1997 '' / `` Something About the Way You Look Tonight '' ( 1997 ) by Elton John , a tribute to the late Diana , Princess of Wales , is `` the biggest-selling single since UK and US singles charts began in the 1950s , having accumulated worldwide sales of 33 million copies , '' making it the second-best-selling single of all time . The list is split between physical ( mainly CD and vinyl ) singles and digitally downloaded tracks which first became available to purchase in the early 2000s . The sales of singles that are italicized are the compilation of sales in available markets instead of a worldwide sales figure . These sales figures are therefore neither complete nor definitive .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4d045a21f1c0a7fd5a0dbc94f5d3be4f",
"text": "Dance/Electronic Digital Songs Dance/Electronic Digital Songs is a weekly chart that ranks the best-selling digital dance and electronic singles in the United States , according to Billboard . Although it originally started tracking singles the week of January 2 , 2010 , it did not become an official chart until the issue dated April 3 , 2010 . The Dance/Electronic Digital Songs chart tracks the 50 most popular downloaded dance music singles , including tracks that are exclusively available online only . This chart also includes previously released dance and disco songs that became available for downloading , which means that songs like `` You Spin Me Round ( Like a Record ) '' by Dead or Alive are eligible to chart . On January 17 , 2013 , Billboard added a new chart , Dance/Electronic Songs , which tracks the 50 most popular Dance and Electronic singles and tracks based on club play , single sales , radio airplay , digital downloads , and online streaming . As such , this chart serves as the main component for the Dance Club Songs , Dance/Mix Show Airplay , Dance Single Sales , and Dance/Electronic Digital Songs charts . The chart 's first number one was `` Bad Romance '' by Lady Gaga in the January 23 , 2010 issue and Gaga 's songs spent so far ( as December , 2014 ) a total of 1025 weeks on the chart . The chart 's longest running number-one is `` Bulletproof '' by La Roux , reigning at the lead position for 18 consecutive weeks .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dc172f1ef685c2db421e5343624548f8",
"text": "Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance The Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance ( previously called Best Rhythm and Blues Solo Vocal Performance , Female ) was an honor presented at the Grammy Awards , a ceremony established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards , to female recording artists for quality R&B songs . Awards in several categories are distributed annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to `` honor artistic achievement , technical proficiency and overall excellence in the recording industry , without regard to album sales or chart position . '' According to the category description guide for the 52nd Grammy Awards , the award was presented to artists that performed `` newly recorded solo R&B vocal performances '' . Solo numbers by members of an established group were not eligible for the award as `` separate entries from the duo or group performances . '' Albums were also considered for the accolade until 1992 . As a part of the major overhaul of Grammy categories , the award was discontinued in 2011 . The Female R&B Vocal Performance category , Male R&B Vocal Performance category and all duo/group vocal performances in the R&B category shifted to the Best R&B Performance category in 2012 . The award for the Best Female R&B Vocal Performance was first presented to Aretha Franklin at the 10th Grammy Awards ceremony in 1968 for the song `` Respect '' . Franklin received the most wins with eleven , followed by Anita Baker with five . Franklin also holds the record for the most nominations with twenty-three , while Chaka Khan is second with eight nominations . Fantasia Barrino became the final recipient of the award , when her song `` Bittersweet '' won the award in 2011 . The award was presented to artists from the United States each year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "934f6216889c7b33ee3db22b7a6c4483",
"text": "List of artists who have spent the most weeks on the UK music charts This is a list of artists who have spent more than one thousand weeks on the UK Singles Chart and UK Albums Chart combined . It uses the methodology used to compile a top 500 list in the British Hit Singles & Albums books until 2005 . Any album or single must be credited to the named artist and must appear in the top 75 singles or albums chart as recorded by the Official Charts Company . Elvis Presley has the most weeks on the singles charts with 1,302 weeks for 165 singles . Cliff Richard and Rihanna are the only other artists to record over one thousand weeks in the singles chart . Rihanna has the most weeks in the singles chart since 2000 , with 1058 between September 2005 and September 2016 -- an average of over 1.8 singles per chart week during this eleven-year period . Queen have the most weeks on the albums chart with over 1,400 weeks , followed by ten other artists with more than a thousand weeks . David Bowie passed the thousand-week mark following his death in January 2016 , when 16 of his albums entered or re-entered the top 75 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
2bf549ad84e4b0fbe4c1afee4fe026dc
|
LL Cool J appeared in multiple movies.
|
[
{
"docid": "8ce9cfed28ba71cc770290dabf10d40d",
"text": "LL Cool J James Todd Smith ( born January 14 , 1968 ) , known professionally as LL Cool J ( short for Ladies Love Cool James ) , is an American rapper , actor , author , and entrepreneur from Queens , New York . He is known for such hip hop hits as `` I Ca n't Live Without My Radio '' , `` I 'm Bad '' , `` The Boomin ' System '' , `` Rock The Bells '' and `` Mama Said Knock You Out '' , as well as romantic ballads such as `` Doin ' It '' , `` I Need Love '' , `` Around the Way Girl '' and `` Hey Lover '' . LL Cool J is also known as one of the forefathers of pop rap . He has released 13 studio albums and two greatest hits compilations . His twelfth album Exit 13 ( 2008 ) , was his last for his long-tenured deal with Def Jam Recordings . His latest album , Authentic , was released in April 2013 . In 2010 , VH1 considered him to be on their `` 100 Greatest Artists Of All Time '' list . LL Cool J has also appeared in numerous films , including In Too Deep , Any Given Sunday , S.W.A.T. , Mindhunters , and Edison . He currently stars in an action role as NCIS Special Agent Sam Hanna , on the CBS crime drama television series NCIS : Los Angeles . LL Cool J is also the host of Lip Sync Battle on Spike .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "b1576092a8605636de72c560dbdd1e0a",
"text": "Murphy's Law (film) Murphy 's Law is an American 1986 thriller film directed by J. Lee Thompson from a screenplay by Gail Morgan Hickman . It was released by Cannon Films to the United States on April 18 , 1986 . The film stars Charles Bronson and Kathleen Wilhoite in lead roles with a supporting cast that includes Carrie Snodgress , Robert F. Lyons , and Richard Romanus . The movie marks the sixth collaboration between Bronson and director J. Lee Thompson ( following 1976 's St. Ives , 1977 's The White Buffalo , 1980 's Caboblanco , 1983 's 10 to Midnight , and 1984 's The Evil That Men Do ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "14dde957c294c69d9e143641ce749f48",
"text": "Mel Jackson Mel Jackson ( born October 13 , 1970 , in Chicago , Illinois ) is an African-American actor , producer , spoken word artist and R&B musician . He is known for his roles in Living Single ( 1997 -- 98 ) , Soul Food ( 1997 ) , The Temptations ( 1998 ) , Deliver Us from Eva ( 2003 ) , and Abduction of Jesse Bookman ( 2008 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "74e47255cdc858f93b6c54c9bfcbe9cb",
"text": "LBJ (film) LBJ is a 2017 American political drama film directed by Rob Reiner and written by Joey Hartstone . The film stars Woody Harrelson , Richard Jenkins , Bill Pullman , Kim Allen , Michael Stahl-David , Jennifer Jason Leigh , Jeffrey Donovan , Doug McKeon , and Michael Mosley . Filming began on September 21 , 2015 in New Orleans . It was screened at the 2016 Toronto International Film Festival . On October 12 , 2016 at the 27th edition of the New Orleans Film Festival , Rob Reiner accepted the inaugural Career Achievement Award from LBJ lead actor Woody Harrelson . LBJ made a second film festival showing in less than a month . On May 2 , 2017 , it was announced that Dean Devlin 's Electric Entertainment had acquired all of the film 's North American rights and that the film would be released in 2017 . It was then announced on May 4 that the film would be released in the United States on November 17 , 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3a7e8810bf2882ef7411afa85af38838",
"text": "Lee Roberts Lee Roberts was a film actor during the Hollywood Golden Age . Sometimes he is credited as Robert Allen or Lee J. Roberts .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9ca62097e972bcac492b159e659b22ff",
"text": "Stand by Your Man (LL Cool J song) `` Stand by Your Man '' is a song by American rapper LL Cool J , released as the final single from his fifth studio album , 14 Shots to the Dome . It was released on October 4 , 1993 for Def Jam Recordings and produced by Marley Marl and LL Cool J. Stand By Your Man was the weakest of the four singles , as it made it only to 67 on the Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks and 24 on the Hot Rap Tracks . On the B-side was Soul Survivor . `` Stand by Your Man '' was nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Rap Solo Performance but lost to `` Let Me Ride '' by Dr. Dre .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f20ad95ceb0e593065e1dbcfefcc5c58",
"text": "Hollywood (Flavor Flav album) This is the self-titled debut solo album by hip-hop artist Flavor Flav . It is the only non-Public Enemy album made by him . The album was in production for at least seven years with the oldest track being `` Hot 1 '' , first released as a single in 1999 . The only guest appearance is from Smooth B of Nice & Smooth . Ol' Dirty Bastard , The Beatnuts and Ce Ce Peniston had been slated to appear on the album , but did not make the cut . This album is sometimes mistakenly referred to as `` Hollywood '' due to the image of the sign on the front of the album but it is self-titled . The songs `` Flavor Man '' and `` Col-Leepin '' later appeared on Public Enemy 's 2007 album How You Sell Soul To A Soulless People Who Sold Their Soul ? .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ba42d650445e65951d105f334cd1dfc4",
"text": "Play It Cool (film) Play it Cool is a 1962 British musical film directed by Michael Winner and starring Billy Fury , Michael Anderson Jr. , Helen Shapiro , Bobby Vee , Shane Fenton , Danny Williams , Dennis Price , Richard Wattis , Maurice Kaufmann and Anna Palk . The film tells the story of a struggling singer , Billy Universe ( Billy Fury ) , and his band , who befriend an heiress who , against the wishes of her father , ( Dennis Price ) , is searching for her lover who she has been forbidden to see and who she is hoping to elope with . The plot takes the main characters to a succession of nightclubs where the other stars are performing . There are guest appearances by Lionel Blair and Bernie Winters as well as Norrie Paramor , who was the Sir George Martin of his day . The only hit from the songs featured in the film was Fury 's rendition of `` Once Upon a Dream '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "de08c21bb2ba8f7cb2ed31e74522f2ad",
"text": "Around the Way Girl `` Around the Way Girl '' is a hit single by LL Cool J from his 1990 album Mama Said Knock You Out . This is a rap about LL searching for a girl who is streetwise to form a relationship with . The entire song describes the exact features of what he is looking for in this particular girl . For example , he constantly repeats the line `` I need an around the way girl '' through out the entire rap . The single samples Mary Jane Girls ' `` All Night Long '' , Keni Burke 's `` Risin ' to the Top '' , and The Honey Drippers ' `` Impeach the President '' , which is used as the main instrumental element of the song . It is also noted that this song is an early example of the high pitched sample rap . Around the Way Girl later appeared on LL Cool J 's 1996 greatest hits album , All World : Greatest Hits . `` Around the Way Girl '' peaked at # 9 on the Billboard Hot 100 , becoming his first top 10 single . It also was a hit on the R&B and dance music charts , where it peaked at # 5 and # 7 respectively . The RIAA certified `` Around the Way Girl '' Gold on January 15 , 1991 for sales of over 500,000 copies .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "40351f2b5dda33631f520375d098448e",
"text": "PT 109 (film) PT 109 is a 1963 biographical war film which depicts the actions of John F. Kennedy ( JFK ) as an officer of the United States Navy in command of Motor Torpedo Boat PT-109 during the Pacific War of World War II . The film was adapted by Vincent Flaherty and Howard Sheehan from the book PT 109 : John F. Kennedy in World War II by Robert J. Donovan , and the screenplay was written by Robert L. Breen . Cliff Robertson stars as Kennedy , with featured performances by Ty Hardin , James Gregory , Robert Culp , and Grant Williams . PT 109 was the first commercial theatrical film about a sitting United States President released while he was still in office and still alive . It was released in the United States on June 19 , 1963 , five months before Kennedy was assassinated .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "374d3e593867a7a12ae29b773d850c33",
"text": "I Need Love (disambiguation) `` I Need Love '' is a song by LL Cool J. I Need Love may also refer to : `` I Need Love '' , by Deep Purple from Come Taste the Band `` I Need Love '' , by Golden Earring from Contraband `` I Need Love '' , by Laura Pausini from From the Inside `` I Need Love '' , by 'N Sync from * NSYNC `` I Need Love '' , by Olivia Newton-John from Back to Basics : The Essential Collection 1971 -- 1992 `` I Need Love '' , by Robin Thicke from The Evolution of Robin Thicke `` I Need Love '' , by Sam Phillips from Martinis and Bikinis `` I Need Love '' , by Sandra from Close to Seven",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ee5f3fd9ce4a5659b4a61826101ba52e",
"text": "Michael Jackson's Vision Michael Jackson 's Vision is a deluxe DVD box set by American recording artist Michael Jackson . It was released on November 22 , 2010 by Epic Records , Legacy Recordings , and Jackson 's own label , MJJ Productions . It includes three DVDs , featuring 4.5 hours of content of 42 music videos with newly restored color and remastered audio . Jackson referred to each of these productions as a `` short film '' and not a music video . This is the first time that all of Jackson 's videos have been released on DVD . According to a statement by the producers , the video recognizes Jackson 's `` pioneering short films that transformed the entertainment industry with timeless , pop culture classics '' . Disc one features videos from the albums Off the Wall , Thriller and Bad and disc two features videos from the albums Dangerous , HIStory : Past , Present and Future , Book I , Blood on the Dance Floor : HIStory in the Mix and Invincible . The third disc , which is a bonus disc , features seven videos . Michael Jackson 's Vision includes the full-length versions of the John Landis-directed `` Thriller '' and `` Black or White '' as well as the classic `` Bad '' directed by Academy Award winning filmmaker Martin Scorsese . Also included in the boxed set are Jackson 's collaborations with other noted film directors such as John Singleton , Spike Lee and David Fincher as well as `` Ghosts , '' his rarely seen collaboration with special effects legend Stan Winston . Michael Jackson 's Vision is available in a limited edition boxed set featuring a 60-page glossy hard-bound book that includes behind-the-scenes photos from Jackson 's videos , which includes information for each video including : songwriter , album , director , production date , location and photography . Ten music videos previously unavailable on DVD including `` One More Chance '' are included . It was also released on the iTunes Store and has iTunes LP features . The videos `` Smooth Criminal '' , `` Speed Demon '' , `` Come Together '' , and `` Leave Me Alone '' come from Jackson 's 1988 film Moonwalker . The `` Smooth Criminal '' segment is actually over 40 minutes long but only the 10-minute song and dance scene is featured . The video `` Another Part of Me '' is from Jackson 's Bad World Tour and `` Will You Be There '' is from the Dangerous World Tour . The `` HIStory '' video is the only short film that is not included in this box set . The original music video of `` Blood on the Dance Floor '' is replaced with the Refugee Camp Mix for unknown reasons . The videos for The Jacksons ' songs `` Torture '' and `` Body '' are also not included , because Michael did not appear in either of them , despite having a verse in each of them . Also not included is the music video for The Jacksons ' `` 2300 Jackson Street '' . On February 15 , 2011 , Michael Jackson 's Vision was certified 5 × Platinum by RIAA for the sales of over 0.5 million units in the United States . On December 31 , 2010 , it was also certified Diamond in France ( for the sales of over 60 000 units ) and 2 × Platinum in Australia . On May 29 , 2011 , it was also certified Gold in New Zealand . It has been also certified Gold in Austria and Platinum in Poland . Reception over the video and audio quality of the box set has been mixed . As the videos are played in 16:9 , videos with a 4:3 aspect ratio are pillarboxed and as a result the resolution is lower than some previous DVDs . Also , the audio is mixed in PCM stereo instead of 5.1 Surround as in many previous DVDs .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "931caf86983e2e5804083da148b8273b",
"text": "El Cool Magnifico El Cool Magnifico is the fifth studio album by rapper Coolio . The album was released on October 15 , 2002 for Riviera Records and was produced by Coolio , Vic . C , Devon Davis and Jamie James . Three singles were released `` I Like Girls '' , `` Ghetto Square Dance '' and `` Sunshine '' but neither the singles nor the album made it to the Billboard charts . Daz Dillinger , B-Real and Ms. Toi make guest appearances . Most of the songs were taken from Coolio 's 2001 album Coolio.com .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "592511220b489c341b9593d9f6547c41",
"text": "John Amos John A. Amos , Jr. ( born December 27 , 1939 ) is an American actor who is best known for his role as James Evans , Sr. on the CBS television series Good Times ( 1974 -- 76 ) . Amos ' other television work includes roles in The Mary Tyler Moore Show , the miniseries Roots , for which he received an Emmy nomination , and a recurring role as Admiral Percy Fitzwallace on The West Wing . Amos also played the father of Will Smith 's character 's girlfriend , Lisa Wilkes , in The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air , and he had a recurring role on In the House with LL Cool J , as Coach Sam Wilson . Amos played the Father of Tommy Strawn ( Thomas Mikal Ford ) on the long running sitcom , Martin , as Sgt. Strawn , and another recurring role on Two and a Half Men as Chelsea 's dad 's new lover . Amos also played Major Grant , the US Special forces officer in Die Hard 2 . Amos has also appeared on Broadway and in numerous films in a career that spans four decades . He has received nominations for a Primetime Emmy Award and NAACP Image Award .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5a63d26164801c2803214413a0c0e2cd",
"text": "I'm Bad `` I 'm Bad '' ( sometimes spelled I 'm BAD ) is the first single from LL Cool J 's second album , Bigger and Deffer . It was released in 1987 for Def Jam Recordings and was produced by the production group , The L.A. Posse and LL Cool J himself , with Russell Simmons executive producing the single . I 'm Bad made it onto several Billboard charts . It was L L 's Hot 100 debut , reaching # 84 . It also hit # 4 on the Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs , # 2 on the Hot Dance Music/Maxi-Singles Sales , # 34 on the Hot Dance Music/Club Play and # 8 on the UK Singles Chart . This single was followed by `` I Need Love '' and `` Go Cut Creator Go '' . The song samples the `` Theme from S.W.A.T. '' by Rhythm Heritage , LL Cool J 's `` Rock the Bells '' , Federal Signal Corporation 's famous Q2B siren , and an interpolation of the theme song from the 1960s syndicated animated series Courageous Cat and Minute Mouse . Diss track `` The Syndicate '' by Ice-T , mimmicks the song 's hook . The song would be sampled in return in Deejay Punk-Roc 's My Beatbox which appeared in Thrasher : Skate & Destroy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a1f7deadfaa275f35ce9b3aaac7d2ac1",
"text": "Déjà Vu (2006 film) Déjà Vu ( stylised onscreen without accents ) is a 2006 American science fiction thriller film directed by Tony Scott , written by Bill Marsilii and Terry Rossio , and produced by Jerry Bruckheimer . The film stars Denzel Washington , Paula Patton , Jim Caviezel , Val Kilmer , Adam Goldberg and Bruce Greenwood . It involves an ATF agent who travels back in time in attempts to prevent a domestic terrorist attack that takes place in New Orleans and to save a woman with whom he falls in love . Filming took place in New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina . The film was premiered in New York City on November 20 , 2006 , and released widely in the United States and Canada two days later on November 22 , 2006 . It received mixed reviews from critics , and earning $ 64 million in the United States and $ 180 million worldwide . It was the 23rd most successful film worldwide for 2006 . The film was nominated for five awards , and also won the Golden Reel Award .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "42ed1ab6c624a391d3b32b74a9c52d0e",
"text": "Dyllan Christopher Dyllan Christopher ( born December 12 , 1991 ) is an American actor . He played one of the five major roles in the 2006 film Unaccompanied Minors - Spencer , the leader of a group of kids who get stuck in an airport on Christmas . In the film , he worked alongside Quinn Shephard and Tyler James Williams . Christopher was born Dyllan Christopher Fernandez in Los Angeles , California . His great-uncle is Hawaiian entertainer Augie Rey ( Fernandez ) . Dyllan was in the Hallmark Cards singing Christmas card commercials shown in December 2006 , and a KFC commercial as a grocery store employee , and appeared in Phil of the Future . He also played the part of Ralphie Anderson in Stephen King 's Storm of the Century . In 2009 , Christopher appeared in an Olive Garden commercial ad . He also appeared in an episode of Bones in season 4 . As well as a minor role as Chick 's estranged Son in Armageddon .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d21a062d3bec48b93e539789a8e06c4d",
"text": "Cool It (film) Cool It is a 2010 documentary film based on the book Cool It : The Skeptical Environmentalist 's Guide to Global Warming by Danish political scientist Bjørn Lomborg . The film stars Lomborg , best known for authoring The Skeptical Environmentalist . It premiered in September in Canada at the 2010 Toronto International Film Festival and had a theatrical United States release on November 12 , 2010 . The film was directed by Ondi Timoner .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b971499eab4de6e7f8d0f3309240ae7e",
"text": "Cool for the Summer `` Cool for the Summer '' is a song by American singer Demi Lovato . It serves as the lead single from her fifth studio album , Confident ( 2015 ) . The song was released on July 1 , 2015 , by Hollywood , and Island Records , and made its radio premiere on the same date via Republic Records . Lovato co-wrote `` Cool for the Summer '' with Alexander Erik Kronlund , Savan Kotecha , and the song 's producers Max Martin and Ali Payami . Musically , it has a rock styled edge over an electronic instrumental arrangement . The song has garnered attention for its bi-curious insinuations and sexually suggestive lyrics . Critics praised `` Cool for the Summer '' for its production and bi-curious lyrical content . It was included on several year-end lists and received nominations for the MTV Video Music Awards and 2015 Teen Choice Awards in the `` Song Of The Summer '' category . The song received an award for being one of the most performed songs of 2015 at the ASCAP Pop Music Awards . Commercially `` Cool for the Summer '' had a positive reception . In United States the song debuted at number 36 on the Billboard Hot 100 dated July 18 , 2015 , selling 80,000 copies in its first charting week . It entered the Hot 100 's top 20 on the chart dated August 15 , 2015 , and peaked at number 11 , becoming Lovato 's third highest chart position . The song also reached number one on the Dance Club Songs chart . It was certified double-platinum by RIAA . `` Cool for the Summer '' has also topped the charts in Greece and peaked within the top 10 in Belgium , the Czech Republic , Lebanon , Mexico , New Zealand , and the United Kingdom as well as the top 20 in Australia , Canada , Ireland , Slovakia , and Spain . Its music video was directed by Hannah Lux Davis and released on July 23 , 2015 . It received positive reviews from critics , who praised the singer 's sensuality and artistic growth . To promote the song , Lovato performed it at pool parties after its release . She also promoted the song on several TV programs such as The Voice , Sunrise , the 2015 MTV Video Music Awards , Jimmy Kimmel Live ! , and Saturday Night Live .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1e53e574a28fbaba5ebe93c294efaac7",
"text": "The Fast and the Furious (soundtrack) The Fast and the Furious is the first of two soundtracks based on the major motion picture The Fast and the Furious . The soundtrack reached number seven on the Billboard 200 and number one on the Top Soundtracks . The album went platinum in 2002 in both the United States and Canada . The single released from the soundtrack is `` Put It on Me '' and `` Furious '' by Ja Rule , `` POV City Anthem '' by Cadillac Tah , Good Life ( Remix ) by Faith Evans and `` Justify My Love '' by Vita . The Limp Bizkit single `` Rollin ' ( Urban Assault Vehicle ) '' , which is the remix to `` Rollin ' ( Air Raid Vehicle ) '' , is also featured on the soundtrack . The song features DMX , Method Man and Redman and is produced by Swizz Beatz . The soundtrack exclusively featured artists from Irv Gotti 's label The Inc. . Records such as Ja Rule .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "88c54f418778287f4b8f66f525226687",
"text": "Playing It Cool Playing It Cool ( formerly known as A Many Splintered Thing ) is an American romantic comedy film directed by Justin Reardon and written by Chris Shafer and Paul Vicknair . The film stars Chris Evans , Michelle Monaghan , Anthony Mackie , Aubrey Plaza , Patrick Warburton , Ashley Tisdale , Ioan Gruffudd , and Topher Grace . The film was released on video on demand starting on March 31 , 2015 before a limited release on May 8 , 2015 by Vertical Entertainment .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
bd5137b44d869ee2f225b749b11a35e5
|
Joseph Stalin was born before 1770.
|
[
{
"docid": "6bf11545b77f4432788b398b5b368405",
"text": "Joseph Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin ( -LSB- ˈstɑːlɪn -RSB- 18 December 1878 -- 5 March 1953 ) was a Soviet revolutionary , politician and political theorist . He governed the Soviet Union from the mid-1920s until his death in 1953 . In this capacity , he served as the Premier of the Soviet Union from 1941 to 1953 and as General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1922 to 1952 . Ideologically a Marxist and a Leninist , he helped to formalise these ideas as Marxism-Leninism while his own policies and theories became known as Stalinism . Stalin was born to a poor Georgian family in Gori , Russian Empire . After an education at Tiflis Spiritual Seminary , he joined the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party . Affiliated with Vladimir Lenin 's Bolshevik faction , he raised funds via underground activities such as the 1907 Tiflis bank robbery . After the Bolsheviks seized power in 1917 and established a one-party state , Stalin sat on the Politburo during the Russian Civil War . In 1922 Stalin became General Secretary and established the Soviet Union . Despite Lenin 's objection , power consolidated around Stalin and opposition removed following Lenin 's death in 1924 . During Stalin 's tenure the concept of `` Socialism in One Country '' became a central tenet of Soviet society , and a cult of personality developed around Stalin . Lenin 's New Economic Policy was replaced with a centralised command economy , industrialisation and collectivisation . These rapidly transformed the country from an agrarian society into an industrial power , but disrupted food production and contributed to the famine of 1933 -- 34 . Between 1934 and 1939 , Stalin organised the `` Great Purge '' , in which millions of so-called `` enemies of the working class '' , including senior political and military figures , were interned in Gulag-run prisons , exiled or executed , often without due process . In August 1939 Stalin entered a non-aggression pact with Nazi Germany , resulting in their invasion of Poland in September of that year . Germany ended the pact by invading the Soviet Union in 1941 . Despite initial setbacks , the Soviet Red Army halted the German incursion and captured Berlin in May 1945 , ending World War II in Europe . The Soviet Union annexed the Baltic states and backed the establishment of pro-Soviet Marxist governments both throughout Eastern Europe and in China , North Korea , and North Vietnam . The Soviet Union and United States emerged as the two world superpowers , and a period of tensions began between the Soviet-backed Eastern Bloc and U.S.-backed Western Bloc known as the Cold War . Stalin led the Soviet Union through its post-war reconstruction phase , during which it became the second country to develop a nuclear weapon , as well as launching the Great Plan for the Transformation of Nature in response to another major famine and the Great Construction Projects of Communism . Stalin died in 1953 and was succeeded by Nikita Khrushchev , who denounced Stalin and initiated a de-Stalinisation process . Stalin is widely considered one of the most significant and influential figures of the 20th century . Stalinism influenced various Marxist-Leninist groups and governments across the world , for whom Stalin was a champion of socialism and the working class . After the fall of the Soviet Union , Stalin has been praised by supporters for his role in defeating Nazi Germany and establishing the Soviet Union as a major world power . Critics emphasise his role in causing millions of deaths and numerous political , religious and ethnic repressions .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "cda6e0ffc4ba1d585c36654fe3eb48de",
"text": "Avel Enukidze Avel Safronovich Enukidze ( Georgian : აბელ ენუქიძე , Abel Enukiʒe , -LSB- ˈɑbɛl.ˈɛnukʰid͜zɛ -RSB- ; Russian : А́вель Сафронович Енуки́дзе ; -- October 30 , 1937 ) was a prominent `` Old Bolshevik '' and , at one point , a member of the Soviet Central Committee in Moscow . In 1932 , along with Mikhail Kalinin and Vyacheslav Molotov , Enukidze co-signed the infamous `` Law of Spikelets '' . Enukidze had written a book on the history of a famous Bolshevik printing press in the Caucasus which had distributed , throughout Russia , Vladimir Lenin 's revolutionary theses during the Czarist period . Soon he was accused of having deliberately diminished Joseph Stalin 's contributions to the printing press and the Bolshevik movement in Baku . In fact , Stalin had little to do with these things ; it was Enukidze himself who had played the major role . But revolutionary contributions were important to a Bolshevik 's prestige , and Stalin did not like Enukidze outshining him . In July 1935 , after suggesting to Stalin that he give up power , Enukidze was called to account before a Central Committee Plenum in Moscow , expelled from the Party immediately , and two years later , arrested , tried , and shot . Enukidze was rehabilitated as a victim of Stalin 's purges . NB . His family name in Russian is transliterated incorrectly as Ienukidze ( should be Enukidze ) , and his given name as Avel ( should be Abel ) in Alan Bullock 's Hitler and Stalin : Parallel Lives ( 1993 ) . Bullock also transliterates Enukidze as Yenukidze ( since it is pronounced Ienukidze in Russian ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1951a0b2529e535e3124e949bcc5e277",
"text": "Mikhail Tarkhanov (actor) Mikhail Mikhaylovich Moskvin ( Михаил Михайлович Москвин , 19 September 1877 , Moscow , Imperial Russia , -- 18 August 1948 , Moscow , USSR ) was a Russian and Soviet stage actor and theatre director , better known by his stage name Mikhail Tarkhanov . Having made his stage debut in 1898 on stage the Ryazan Theatre , he performed in numerous troupes ( including those led by Nikolai Sinelnikov and Vasily Kachalov ) before joining the Moscow Art Theatre in 1922 where he soon became one of the leading actors and , in the late 1920s , a stage director . In 1935 he started to teach drama and in 1942-1948 was the head of Russian Academy of Theatre Arts . In 1937 Tarkhanov was awarded the prestigious People 's Artist of the USSR title . He was the recipient on numerous high-profile Soviet state awards , including the Order of Lenin ( 1838 , 1947 ) and the Order of the Red Banner of Labour ( 1937 ) as well as the Stalin Prize laureate ( 1943 , 1st Grade ) . In 1923-1937 he was cast in 9 films , most of them the Russian classics adaptations , including Raskolnikow , The Storm ( 1933 ) , The Youth of Maxim ( 1934 ) , Dubrovsky ( 1936 ) and Pyotr Pervyy ( 1937 ) . The actor Ivan Moskvin was his younger brother .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8db23f54058528e2462b404e11f586f8",
"text": "Sergey Lapin (diplomat) Sergey Georgiyevich Lapin ( -- 4 October 1990 ) was a Soviet apparatchik , newspaper editor and diplomat . Lapin was born in Saint Petersburg . From 1930 to 1932 he studied at the Leningrad Historical Language Institute , and after graduating he went on to work in various positions , including deputy editor , of various Leningrad newspapers until 1940 . From 1940 to 1942 he was a student at the Higher Party School of the All-Union Communist Party ( bolsheviks ) . From 1945 to 1953 he was Deputy Chairman of the Committee for Broadcasting , when in 1953 he began a career in diplomacy as Counsellor at the Embassy of the Soviet Union in East Germany . In 1955 he returned to Moscow to work in the European Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs , whilst also holding the position of Secretary of the CPSU at the MFA . From 19 October 1956 until 16 June 1960 he was located in Vienna , as Ambassador of the Soviet Union to Austria , and then relocated back to Moscow as 1st Deputy Chairman of the USSR State Committee for Cultural Relations with Foreign Countries , whilst also holding the position of Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic . In 1962 he was promoted as Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs of the USSR , and held this position until 6 April 1965 . From 13 April 1965 until 12 April 1967 he was Ambassador of the Soviet Union to the People 's Republic of China . After the completion of his mission to Beijing , he returned once again to Moscow as Director-General of TASS , and held that position until 24 April 1970 . For a short period of time , until 12 July 1970 he was Chairman of the Committee for Broadcasting , when he was appointed as Chairman of the State Committee for Television and Radiobroadcasting , and held this position until his retirement on 16 December 1985 . Lapin 's time is known as a period of strikingly manifested antisemitism at the Central Television and Radio of the USSR . Many popular Soviet artists of Jewish descent , such as Nina Brodskaya , Emil Gorovets , Maya Kristalinskaya , Larisa Mondrus , Vadim Mulerman , and Aida Vedishcheva , met numerous obstacles in their careers . They were gradually banned from TV , their names were not making into movies ' credits , they faced cancellation of concerts and prohibition of concert tours abroad , and tapes with their recordings on the radio were erased . Lapin died in 1990 in Moscow .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6dd7f0dcc69a351037512eed921374c9",
"text": "Iona Nikitchenko Major-General Iona Timofeevich Nikitchenko ( Russian : Иона Тимофеевич Никитченко ) ( June 28 , 1895 , Don Voisko Oblast , Russian Empire -- April 22 , 1967 , Moscow , Russian SFSR ) was a judge of the Supreme Court of the Soviet Union . Iona was born to a peasant family in khutor Tuzlukov ( now Rostov Oblast ) . He studied at his local Agricultural Institute and from 1916 was a Bolshevik . His court experience started in May 1920 when he was appointed as the chairman-deputy of the Military Court of Semirechye Army Group during the Civil War . During the Civil War he participated on the frontlines in the Middle Asia . In 1924 was appointed as the member of the Military Court Collegiate of the Moscow Military District . Nikitchenko presided over some of the most notorious of Joseph Stalin 's show trials during the Great Purges of 1936 to 1938 , where he among other things sentenced Kamenev and Zinoviev .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a5f6853ead892984cbf83a6de3a5b2f7",
"text": "Journey from St. Petersburg to Moscow Journey From Petersburg to Moscow ( in Russian : Путешествие из Петербурга в Москву ) , published in 1790 , was the most famous work by the Russian writer Aleksander Nikolayevich Radishchev . The work , often described as a Russian Uncle Tom 's Cabin , is a polemical study of the problems in the Russia of Catherine the Great : serfdom , the powers of the nobility , the issues in government and governance , social structure and personal freedom and liberty . The book starts from an epigraph about The Beast who is `` enormous , disgusting , a-hundred-maws and barking '' meaning the Russian Empire . The book was immediately banned and Radishchev sentenced , first to death , then to banishment in eastern Siberia . It was not freely published in Russia until 1905 . In the book , Radishchev takes an imaginary journey between Russia 's two principal cities ; each stop along the way reveals particular problems for the traveller through the medium of story telling . In Petersburg , the narrator 's story begins at an inn where the proprietor is too lazy to harness his underfed horses for a carriage . Eventually getting on the road , he encounters a man trying to sell genealogical papers to nobles seeking to increase their rank , and a poor peasant laboring on a Sunday . He goes on to satirize Catherine 's favorite , Viceroy Potemkin , with an anecdote about his appetite for oysters and the absurd lengths his servant would go to get them . Likely the most famous scene is the narrator 's dream of being a `` tsar , shah , khan , king , bey , nabob , sultan , or holder of some such dignity , sitting in regal power on a throne . '' At his most minor expression , the courtiers sigh , frown , light up with joy . Seeing this obsequiousness , the narrator-tsar orders the invasion of a distant country , which he is assured will submit to his mere reputation . Suddenly , the female figure of Truth appears , offering him clearsightedness and defending the rights of dissenters . After being reprimanded , the king is overcome by visions of his own brutality , the sins of his court , and the general disrepair of the empire . In a final moment of self-reproach and guilt , inspired by the gaudy and wasteful palace he 's built , the narrator is woken from his dream in agitation . Considered by many to be the seminal radical text of the 18th century , A Journey continued to influence Russian political thought even after its condemnation . As the progenitor of public liberal discourse in Russia , Radischev is considered an ancestor of all major subversive literature written in the 19th and 20th centuries . The book itself represented a challenge to Catherine in Russia , despite the fact that Radishchev was no revolutionary : merely an observer of the ills he saw within Russian society and government at the time . Published during the period of the French Revolution , the book borrows ideas and principles from the great philosophers of the day relating to an enlightened outlook and the concept of Natural Law .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "858ab10c6951fa5b9a7371ffb3bcb367",
"text": "Purge of the Red Army in 1941 Between October 1940 and February 1942 , in spite of the ongoing German attack on the Soviet Union in June 1941 , the Red Army , in particular the Soviet Air Force , as well as Soviet military-related industries were subjected to purges by Stalin .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "589c4e41da5424036f793e6164af9248",
"text": "Nadezhda Joffe Nadezhda Adolfovna Joffe ( 1906 -- March 18 , 1999 ) was a Soviet Trotskyist and daughter of early Soviet leader Adolph Joffe . Joffe joined the Trotskyist Left Opposition within the Soviet Communist Party shortly after it was formed in 1923 and was first exiled from Moscow in 1929 . She was re-arrested at the beginning of the Great Purge in 1936 and sent to Kolyma labor camps in Siberia , where her first husband , Trotskyist Pavel Kossakovsky , was killed in 1938 . She was the last person to see Leon Trotsky 's first wife , Aleksandra Sokolovskaya , alive in Kolyma in 1938 . After Joseph Stalin 's death in 1953 , Joffe 's sentence was annulled and she returned to Moscow in 1956 . She wrote a book of memoirs , Back in Time : My Life , My Fate , My Epoch in 1971-1972 , which was first published in Moscow after the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1992 . Her family emigrated to the United States at the end of her life and she settled in Brooklyn , New York City . She worked on her father 's biography and his letters until her death in 1999 at the age of 92 , collaborating with Iskra Research publishing house .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "496923c5b840a9d07299d49115049f70",
"text": "Liubashivka Liubashivka is an urban-type settlement in Odessa Oblast ( region ) , Ukraine , located of south-western Ukraine . It serves as the administrative center of Liubashivka Raion ( district ) . Population : Town was founded in the 18th century . Liubashivka is primarily Ukrainophone . Liubashivka is an important transport center and located approximately 160 kilometers from the region capital , Odessa . The town lies on a route Highway05/European route 95 : Saint Petersburg -- Kiev -- Odessa -- Merzifon . Through the territory of the Liubashivka pass the railroad routes . A railway from Odessa to Elisavetgrad ( Kropyvnytskyi ) and a railway station were built here in 1868 . Many armies passed through town in the period from 1917 to 1920 , when Ukraine gained its independence from Russia for a short period of time . They represented different powers : Russian Bolsheviks , Ukrainian Central Council ( Tsentralna Rada ) , Mahno movement and the White movement . With the end of the war , the Communist Party assumed complete control of the country . The Bolsheviks leader Joseph Stalin launched a command economy , rapid industrialization and collectivization of its agriculture . The Stalin 's Ukrainian famine ( 1932 -- 1933 ) , or Holodomor was one of the largest national catastrophes in the modern history of Liubashivka . Until World War II the town had a Jewish community . In 1940 Jewish population was 2500 . In 1990 Jewish population was only 5 persons . During World War II Liubashivka was occupied by Romanian and German forces ( 1941 -- 1944 ) . In 1991 , after the collapse of Communism , the city became part of newly independent Ukraine . There are two schools , one hospital , a railway station , and a hotel .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "02524272d531fe5ef0969c72b7ad403c",
"text": "Miron Merzhanov Miron Ivanovich Merzhanov , born Meran Merzhanyantz ( Мирон Иванович Мержанов , Меран Оганесович Мержанянц , September 23 , 1895 -- December 1975 ) , was a Soviet architect of Armenian descent , notable for being the de facto personal architect of Joseph Stalin in 1933 -- 1941 . Arrested in 1942 on political charges , Merzhanov continued professional work as a sharashka architect , designing numerous public buildings in the Black Sea region , Krasnoyarsk and Komsomolsk-na-Amure .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bcec2f1a774bd4aeee6ea6ca255c7d30",
"text": "Anton Luckievich Anton Ivanavich Lutskyevich ( Антон Іванавіч Луцкевіч , ; 1884 -- 1942 ? ) was a Belarusian publisher , journalist , literary critic , historian and politician . He served as the Prime Minister of Belarus in 1918 . He was born on 29 January 1884 in Šiauliai , Lithuania to a Belarusian family . His brother Ivan Lutskyevich was also a politician . He began working in journalism , such as history , publishing and critics . He was raised as a Roman Catholic . After the Belarusian People 's Republic was proclaimed on 25 March 1918 , Lutskyevich was appointed prime minister . His predecessor was Raman Skirmunt and he was replaced by Vaclau Lastouski . The Belarusian People 's Republic was short-lived . In 1920 , Lutskyevich settled in Vilnius , then in Poland , where he worked as a secondary school teacher and newspaper publisher . He remained active politically until 1933 . He was arrested by the Soviet authorities in September 1939 , and officially died in Kazakhstan in 1946 . He is however said to have died near Saratov on 23 March 1942 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0e7efed20c1291ac19292c941d5c555d",
"text": "Natalia Sedova Natalia Ivanovna Sedova ( Ната́лья Ива́новна Седо́ва April 5 , 1882 -- January 23 , 1962 ) is best known as the second wife of Leon Trotsky , the Russian revolutionary . She was also an active revolutionary and wrote on cultural matters pertaining to Marxism . Her father was a wealthy merchant . Natalia met Leon Trotsky in late 1902 , after his escape from Siberia . His first wife Aleksandra Sokolovskaya had remained behind , with their two daughters , and they were divorced soon thereafter . Natalia and Trotsky married in 1903 . They had two children together , Lev Sedov ( 1906 -- 16 February 1938 ) and Sergei Sedov ( 21 March 1908 -- 29 October 1937 ) , both of whom would predecease their parents . Trotsky later explained that after the 1917 revolution : However he never used the name `` Sedov '' either privately or publicly . Natalia Sedova sometimes signed her name `` Sedova-Trotskaya . '' Trotsky and his first wife Aleksandra maintained a friendly relationship after their divorce . She disappeared in 1935 during the Great Purges and was murdered by Stalinist forces three years later . Lev Sedov was an active and leading member of the Bolshevik-Leninist movement that his father led and was almost certainly assassinated as a result of that . Her other son , Sergei Sedov , who was not politically active and remained in Russia , was almost certainly murdered by agents of Joseph Stalin . After her husband 's assassination in 1940 , Natalia Sedova remained in Mexico and maintained contact with many exiled revolutionaries . Her best-known work in these last years was a biography of Trotsky , which she co-authored with fellow Russian revolutionary Victor Serge . She was also close to the Spanish revolutionary Grandizo Munis who had led the tiny Spanish Sección Bolchevique-Leninista during the revolutionary events in the 1930s . Under his influence , she came to adopt the position that the USSR was a state capitalist society and that the Fourth International founded by Trotsky no longer held to the revolutionary programme of Communism . Therefore , she broke from the FI in 1951 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f0c020b16d82f9909ae54a18ae61791e",
"text": "Robert Service (historian) Robert John Service ( born 29 October 1947 ) is a British historian , academic , and author who has written extensively on the history of the Soviet Union , particularly the era from the October Revolution to Stalin 's death . He was until 2013 a professor of Russian history at the University of Oxford , a Fellow of St Antony 's College , Oxford , and a senior Fellow at Stanford University 's Hoover Institution . Service is known for his biographies of Vladimir Lenin , Joseph Stalin and Leon Trotsky .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e3a0132c80841796f26f0c293293b080",
"text": "18th century The 18th century lasted from January 1 , 1701 to December 31 , 1800 in the Gregorian calendar . During the 18th century , the Enlightenment culminated in the French and American revolutions . Philosophy and science increased in prominence . Philosophers dreamed of a brighter age . This dream turned into a reality with the French Revolution of 1789 - , though later compromised by the excesses of the Reign of Terror ( 1793-1794 ) under Maximilien Robespierre . At first , many monarchies of Europe embraced Enlightenment ideals , but with the French Revolution they feared losing their power and formed broad coalitions for the counter-revolution . The Ottoman Empire experienced an unprecedented period of peace and economic expansion , taking part in no European wars from 1740 to 1768 . As a consequence the empire did not share in Europe 's military improvements during the Seven Years ' War ( 1756-1763 ) , causing its military to fall behind and suffer defeats against Russia in the second half of the century . The 18th century also marked the end of the Polish -- Lithuanian Commonwealth as an independent state . The once-powerful and vast kingdom , which had once conquered Moscow and defeated great Ottoman armies , collapsed under numerous invasions . Its semi-democratic government system was not robust enough to rival the neighboring monarchies of the Kingdom of Prussia , the Russian Empire and the Archduchy of Austria which divided the Commonwealth territories between themselves , changing the landscape of Central European politics for the next hundred years . European colonization of the Americas and other parts of the world intensified and associated mass migrations of people grew in size as the Age of Sail continued . Great Britain became a major power worldwide with the defeat of France in North America in the 1760s and the conquest of large parts of India . However , Britain lost many of its North American colonies after the American Revolution , which resulted in the formation of the newly independent United States of America . The Industrial Revolution started in Britain in the 1770s with the production of the improved steam engine . Despite its modest beginnings in the 18th century , steam-powered machinery would radically change human society and the environment . Western historians have occasionally defined the 18th century otherwise for the purposes of their work . For example , the `` short '' 18th century may be defined as 1715 -- 1789 , denoting the period of time between the death of Louis XIV of France and the start of the French Revolution , with an emphasis on directly interconnected events . To historians who expand the century to include larger historical movements , the `` long '' 18th century may run from the Glorious Revolution of 1688 to the Battle of Waterloo in 1815 or even later .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bc269417283fe836dc74da84189404f7",
"text": "Socialist realism in Poland Socialist realism in Poland ( socrealizm ) was a social , political , and esthetic doctrine enforced by the pro-Soviet communist government in the process of Stalinization of the postwar People 's Republic of Poland . The official policy was introduced in 1949 by a decree of the Polish United Workers ' Party minister ( later , Minister of Culture and Art ) Włodzimierz Sokorski . As in all Soviet-dominated Eastern Bloc countries , Socialist realism became the main instrument of political control in the building of totalitarianism in Poland . However , the trend has never become truly dominant . Following Stalin 's death on March 5 , 1953 , and the subsequent De-Stalinization of all People 's Republics , Polish artists , writers and architects started abandoning it around 1955 . De-Stalinization process peaked during the Polish October .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "373f7abc7dd223cefa8603a03bf77229",
"text": "1922 Moscow Trial of Socialist Revolutionaries The Moscow Trial of the Socialist Revolutionaries was one of the first show trials of the Soviet Union , beginning on June 8 , 1922 . The trial was part of a process that entailed eliminating all opposition in the nascent Bolshevik state . The trial stemmed from the failed Kerensky -- Krasnov uprising on October 29th , 1917 ( old style ) , when Alexander Kerensky attempted to overthrow the Soviet government that had just toppled him . The previous years had witnessed the silencing of the Workers ' Opposition and the suppression of the Mensheviks , the other major proletarian party . The Socialist Revolutionaries had long been a nuisance to the Bolsheviks . The party enjoyed the support of the largest demographic of the old Tsarist Empire , the agrarian peasantry , whilst the Bolsheviks were primarily supported by the radical intelligentsia , with some , albeit small , representation amongst soldiers and workers . The dispersal of the Constituent Assembly in January 1918 was the first action Lenin took against the Socialist Revolutionaries . The results of the voting made it clear that the assembly would not be overwhelmingly Bolshevik , and Lenin decided that it was counterrevolutionary . Fanny Kaplan , Lenin 's would-be assassin , stated that her motive for the assassination was the dispersal of the assembly . The Brest-Litovsk Treaty of 1918 that ended hostilities between Germany and Russia was also a point of serious disagreement between the Bolsheviks and the Socialist Revolutionaries . There were 12 main defendants in the trial and SR coup participants gave evidence for the prosecution . Among the notable Bolsheviks playing a part in the trial were Nikolai Krylenko , who was the prosecutor for the state , and Nikolai Bukharin , who was part of the defense counsel . Bukharin had even participated in demonstrations organized by the authorities that were occurring throughout Moscow , and demanded the death penalty for the 12 defendants . At the very outset , Georgy Pyatakov announced that `` the court does not intend to handle the case from a dispassionate , objective point of view but would be guided solely by the interests of the Soviet Government . '' The evidence against the accused included statements of former SR participants in the military coup attempt such as G. Semyonov , who joined the Bolsheviks in 1911 , and became an agent provocateur . The trial concluded with death sentences for the 12 and acquittal for those who gave evidence . Upon further review by the tribunal , the death sentences were commuted . It was believed by Trotsky at least , that if the sentences were carried out , their party brethren would carry out terrorist violence against the Bolshevik government . All of the defendants and participants in the trial would eventually become victims in Stalin 's purges .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "89ce938119f9cc89db50dc88bd365eeb",
"text": "German–Soviet Axis talks In October and November 1940 , German -- Soviet Axis talks occurred concerning the Soviet Union 's potential entry as a fourth Axis Power in World War II . The negotiations , which occurred during the era of the Molotov -- Ribbentrop Pact and the German-Soviet Commercial Agreement , included a two-day Berlin conference between Soviet Foreign Minister Vyacheslav Molotov , Adolf Hitler and German Foreign Minister Joachim von Ribbentrop , followed by both countries trading written proposed agreements . After two days of negotiations from 12 to 14 November 1940 , Germany presented the Soviets with a draft written Axis pact agreement defining the world spheres of influence of the four proposed Axis powers ( Japan , Germany , Soviet Union , Italy ) . Hitler , Ribbentrop and Molotov tried to set German and Soviet spheres of influence ; Hitler encouraged Molotov to look south to Iran and eventually India while preserving German access to Finland 's resources , and to remove Soviet influence in the Balkans . Molotov remained firm , seeking to remove German troops from Finland and gain a warm water port in the Balkans . Soviet foreign policy calculations were predicated by the idea that the war would be a long - term struggle and therefore German claims that Britain would be defeated swiftly were treated with scepticism . In addition Stalin sought to remain influential in Bulgaria and Yugoslavia . These factors resulted in Molotov taking a firm line . According to a Columbia University academical source , on 25 November 1940 , the Soviets presented a Stalin-drafted written counterproposal where they would accept the four power pact , but it included Soviet rights to Bulgaria and a world sphere of influence centered on the area around modern Iraq and Iran . Germany did not respond , leaving the negotiations unresolved . Regarding the counterproposal , Hitler remarked to his top military chiefs that Stalin `` demands more and more '' , `` he 's a cold-blooded blackmailer '' and that `` a German victory has become unbearable for Russia '' so that `` she must be brought to her knees as soon as possible . '' Germany ended the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact in June 1941 by invading the Soviet Union .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e01ce729891ecca86822d6ebdf79fa31",
"text": "Monument to Peter I (St. Michael's Castle) The Monument to Peter I ( памятник Петру I ) is a bronze equestrian monument of Peter the Great in front of the St. Michael 's Castle in Saint Petersburg , Russia . In 1716 , emperor Peter the Great commissioned the Italian sculptor Carlo Bartolomeo Rastrelli to design an equestrian statue in commemoration of the Russian victories over Sweden in the Great Northern War . Rastrelli worked for eight years with a model of the monument before it was approved by the emperor in 1724 . But as the emperor died the following year , work halted and the sculpture 's casting was only completed after the sculptor 's death , by 1747 , only to remain in a local warehouse , and not to be erected until 53 years later . In the meantime , Catherine the Great had ordered another monument in memory of her predecessor Peter the Great - the Bronze Horseman , the most famous statue of Peter the Great in St Petersburg . At the base of the Bronze Horseman , Catherine even linked her name with Peter the Great , an expression of Catherine 's attitude toward her predecessor and her view of her own place in the line of great Russian rulers . Catherine , who , having gained her position through a palace coup , had no legal claim to the throne , was anxious to appear as Peter 's rightful heir . Only in 1800 , during the reign of emperor Paul I , was the Monument to Peter I finally erected . It was placed on a pedestal faced with green , red and white-shaded Finnish marble that is decorated with bas-reliefs depicting scenes of two Russian victories over Sweden during the Great Northern War , the Battle of Poltava and the Battle of Hangö , and also an allegorical composition with trophies . The Russian victories at Poltava and near Hangö , Finland helped Russia become the dominant power in the north of the continent . Peter the Great led his troops to both victories . By order of emperor Paul I , the inscription `` To Great Grandfather from Great Grandson '' was made on the pedestal , a subtle but obvious allusion to the Latin `` Petro Primo Catherina Secunda '' , the dedication by Catherine the Great on the Bronze Horseman . During World War II , the equestrian statue of Peter I was removed from its pedestal and sheltered from the 900-day German siege of the city . In 1945 , the statue was restored and returned to its pedestal .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6248dbe2967bfa1db6097512835cb7da",
"text": "Ruth Bonner Ruf Grigorjewna Bonner ( 1900 -- 25 December 1987 , Moscow ) , also known as Ruth Bonner , was a Soviet Communist activist and a victim of Joseph Stalin 's Great Purge . She was the mother of the human rights activist Yelena Bonner and the mother-in-law of physicist and dissident Andrei Sakharov . In the 1930s , Ruth ( originally spelled `` Ruf '' ) Bonner was a health official in the Communist Party committee of Moscow while her husband , Gevork Alikhanyan , aka Georgy Alikhanov , was a director at the Comintern . As part of Stalin 's mass purges in 1937 , her husband was arrested on charges of espionage and sentenced to death . Bonner was arrested a few days after her husband and spent the next eight years in the Gulag near Karaganda , Kazakhstan . After her release she spent another nine years in internal exile . In 1954 she was one of the first of Stalin 's victims to be rehabilitated under the new Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev . Her husband was rehabilitated posthumously . When her daughter Yelena and her son-in-law Andrei Sakharov were exiled to Gorky in 1980 , she was allowed to move to the United States to be with her grandchildren . She returned to Moscow in June 1987 to live with her daughter , whose exile had been lifted by Mikhail Gorbachev in December 1986 . She died in Moscow on 25 December 1987 , aged 87 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "399b8f08d3dc6ebe8c1309953af7d914",
"text": "Ivan Narodny Ivan Ivanovich Narodny ( 1870 -- 1953 ) was a Russian émigré who came to New York City in 1906 with Maxim Gorky to raise the profile of the Revolutionary Movement in Russia . Narodny was born in Estonia with the original name Jaan Sibbul . He was the son of Jaan Sibbul ( 1840 -- 1920 ) and Madli Ago ( 1830 -- 1919 ) . According to FBI files he had been imprisoned in Estonia in 1898 . In an interview in the New York Times he said he had been involved in revolutionary activity in Kronstadt during the 1905 revolution . He was bitter that intellectuals were suppressed in Russia . About forming a Russian musical society with 4 women , including his wife , he wrote : `` We were called terrorists , and a systematic agitation was started by the government 's officials against our activity . '' After moving to the U.S. : `` My Russian art and musical articles in the American periodicals were declared the dangerous efforts of an agitator . '' Narodny organized a dinner in honor of Gorky on 12 April at the A Club Fifth Avenue and provided a setting for the announcement of a new committee to support the proposed Russian Revolution . This committee included Mark Twain , William Dean Howells , Robert J. Collier and Finley Peter Dunne . In 1915 the Russian Imperial Government published adverstiments in New York newspapers to undermine him presenting himself as a self-proclaimed `` Russian Chamber of Commerce '' . He was involved in the arms trade selling munitions to Russia via Japan and Vladivostock . In 1916 he had an article about Mikhail Artsybashev published in Drama . In 1917 , following the February Revolution Narodny presented himself as head of the Russian-American Asiatic Corporation and announced that the Russian Duma was forming the `` United States of Russia '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "97398feff6e6c87c50f23233e2c34d76",
"text": "1770–1772 Russian plague The Russian plague epidemic of 1770 -- 1772 , also known as the Plague of 1771 , was the last massive outbreak of plague in central Russia , claiming between 52 and 100 thousand lives in Moscow alone ( 1/6 to 1/3 of its population ) . The bubonic plague epidemic that originated in the Moldovan theatre of the 1768 -- 1774 Russian-Turkish war in January 1770 swept northward through Ukraine and central Russia , peaking in Moscow in September 1771 and causing the Plague Riot . The epidemic reshaped the map of Moscow , as new cemeteries were established beyond the 18th-century city limits .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
0aa3123535480c26469fa0e52a667c3b
|
James Mangold is the director of Logan.
|
[
{
"docid": "2e695829610928aabff632490b2b61b5",
"text": "James Mangold James Mangold ( born December 16 , 1963 ) is an American film and television director , screenwriter and producer . Films he has directed include Walk the Line , which he also co-wrote ; The Wolverine ; Logan ; Cop Land ; Girl , Interrupted ; Knight and Day ; and the 2007 remake 3:10 to Yuma . He also produced and directed pilots for the television series Men in Trees ( which ran from 2006 to 2008 ) NYC 22 ( 2011 -- 2012 ) and Vegas ( 2012 -- 2013 ) .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "8b8fea44713efced5901aa82aadf13f3",
"text": "First Kill (2017 film) First Kill is an upcoming American action thriller film directed by Steven C. Miller and written by Nick Gordon . The film stars Bruce Willis and Hayden Christensen .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4b42e4b3a031bb66f632ae13a98456cf",
"text": "James Marvel James Marvel is a stage director known for traditional and avant-garde stagings of operatic productions . Marvel was born and raised in New Orleans and received a B.A. in World Literature from Sarah Lawrence College and Oxford University , and an M.F.A. in Theatre Arts from the International Actor Training Academy . He also studied at Charles University in Prague , Czech Republic . Marvel 's 2005 production of Igor Stravinsky 's The Rake 's Progress was deemed `` breathtakingly beautiful '' with `` stage tableaux that were both kinetic and visually striking '' by the San Francisco Chronicle . In November 2008 , Marvel made his Lincoln Center debut , directing a trilogy of one-act operas by Modest Mussorgsky , Ernst Krenek and Dmitri Shostakovich at the Juilliard School . Credits in the United States include shows at Florence Gould Hall in New York City ; The Kimmel Center of Philadelphia ; The Huntington Theatre of Boston ; The Yerba Buena Center in San Francisco ; and the Bing Theatre in Los Angeles . Marvel 's international work has taken him to the 5th International Theatre Festival in Budapest , Hungary ; the Istropolitana Theatre Festival in Bratislava , Slovakia ; the Viola Stage in Prague , Czech Republic ; Teatr Wielki in Lodz , Poland ; the Edinburgh Festival in Scotland ; and the Wadham Theatre and Burton-Taylor Theatre in Oxford , England . Outside his work in opera , Marvel has played violin in numerous orchestras ; composed original music for professional theatre productions ; danced in pieces choreographed by members of the Martha Graham company ; and published critical and creative works in a variety of international journals .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8fbbb8e5eef7bef143207afcc71d607e",
"text": "James Kiberd James Kiberd ( born July 6 , 1949 in Providence , Rhode Island ) is an American actor . He is perhaps most famous for his role as Trevor Dillon on the soap opera All My Children , which he played from 1989 to 2000 . A popular character from the beginning , he was paired in relationships with the character Natalie Marlowe ( Kate Collins ) , Laurel Banning ( Felicity LaFortune ) and later , Natalie 's nutty twin sister Janet Green ( played also by Kate Collins , later by Robin Mattson ) . He was the uncle of Hayley Vaughn ( Kelly Ripa ) ; for years , Hayley lovingly called him `` Uncle Porkchop , '' while he affectionately referred to her as `` Tinkerbell . '' `` The Book of Lists : The 90 's Edition '' by Wallace and Wallechinsky cites him as # 11 between Tim Allen # 10 and Steve Martin # 12 in the `` 15 Top Celebrity Q Scores '' . His other Soap opera credits include Another World and Loving . He has been married since 1986 to soap actress Susan Keith , whom he met on the set of Loving ( she played core character Shana Sloane on the show for many years ) . In 2001 , Kiberd filled in for Benjamin Hendrickson in the role of Hal Munson on As the World Turns while he was away on urgent family business . Since 2001 Kiberd has performed primarily on stage and in film . Of the dozen Shakespeare roles he has performed , his `` Petruchio '' won the best actor `` Zoni '' in 2004 . He stars as Elliot in the film `` Soldier 's Heart '' which had its world premier at the GI Film Festival in Washington D.C. on May 18 , 2008 ; winning for best narrative film . He was awarded `` The Meyer Schapiro Artist Award '' at Augusta State University in 1999 and the publication of `` James Kiberd Drawings '' accompanied the exhibit there . Recipient of the 1994 Danny Kaye Humanitarian Award in recognition of his visionary advocacy on behalf of children worldwide , Kiberd was appointed a UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador for the United States in 1995 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0c97cfb845c1f466d300a36c0b54caa0",
"text": "Precious Cargo (film) Precious Cargo is a 2016 Canadian action film directed by Max Adams , co-written by Adams and Paul V. Seetachitt , and starring Mark-Paul Gosselaar and Bruce Willis , alongside a supporting cast featuring Claire Forlani , John Brotherton , Lydia Hull , and Daniel Bernhardt . The film was released on April 22 , 2016 , by Lionsgate Premiere .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fe0a358f675a3134302798e5f648c410",
"text": "Skyfall Skyfall is the 23rd James Bond film produced by Eon Productions and released in 2012 . It features Daniel Craig in his third performance as James Bond , and Javier Bardem as Raoul Silva , the film 's villain . It was directed by Sam Mendes and written by Neal Purvis , Robert Wade and John Logan , and features an Academy Award-winning theme , sung by Adele . It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer ( MGM ) and Columbia Pictures . The story centres on Bond investigating an attack on MI6 ; the attack is part of a plot by former MI6 agent Raoul Silva to humiliate , discredit and kill M as revenge against her for betraying him . The film sees the return of two recurring characters to the series after an absence of two films : Q , played by Ben Whishaw , and Moneypenny , played by Naomie Harris . Skyfall is the last film of the series for Judi Dench , who played M , a role that she had played in the previous six films . The position is subsequently filled by Ralph Fiennes ' character , Gareth Mallory , though Dench would make a brief appearance in the next Bond film , Spectre . Mendes was approached to direct the film after the release of Quantum of Solace in 2008 . Development was suspended when MGM encountered financial troubles and did not resume until December 2010 ; during this time , Mendes remained attached to the project as a consultant . The original screenwriter , Peter Morgan , left the project during the suspension . When production resumed , Logan , Purvis , and Wade continued writing what became the final version of the script . Filming began in November 2011 and primarily took place in the United Kingdom , with smaller portions shot in China and Turkey . Skyfall premiered in London at the Royal Albert Hall on 23 October 2012 and was released in the United Kingdom on 26 October 2012 and the United States on 9 November 2012 . It was the first James Bond film to be screened in IMAX venues , although it was not filmed with IMAX cameras . The film 's release coincided with the 50th anniversary of the series , which began with Dr. No in 1962 . Skyfall was positively received by critics , being praised for its performances -- particularly those of Craig , Bardem and Dench -- writing and script , cinematography , Mendes ' direction , Thomas Newman 's score , and the action scenes . It was the 14th film to gross over $ 1 billion worldwide , and the first Bond film to do so . It became the seventh-highest-grossing film at the time , the highest-grossing film in the UK , the highest-grossing film in the series , the highest-grossing film worldwide for both Sony Pictures and MGM , and the second-highest-grossing film of 2012 . The film won several accolades , including two BAFTA Awards , two Academy Awards and two Grammys .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9a28455e2509c509ae62d2436cab91b6",
"text": "The Great Unknown (Logan album) The Great Unknown is the fifth album by Scottish post-grunge band Logan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a6f518b8ba1aaef8eeb252bedc707e22",
"text": "Ranald Graham Ranald Ian Mackenzie Graham ( 3 January 1941 -- 29 August 2010 ) was a Scottish writer , director and producer , best known for his writing work on the British television series The Sweeney , The Professionals and Dempsey and Makepeace .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "23678af8b979acd82d8ac7d7045116f9",
"text": "Jim Jarmusch James Robert `` Jim '' Jarmusch ( -LSB- ˈdʒɑrməʃ -RSB- born January 22 , 1953 ) is an American film director , screenwriter , actor , producer , editor , and composer . He has been a major proponent of independent cinema since the 1980s , directing such films as Stranger Than Paradise ( 1984 ) , Down by Law ( 1986 ) , Mystery Train ( 1989 ) , Dead Man ( 1995 ) , Ghost Dog : The Way of the Samurai ( 1999 ) , Coffee and Cigarettes ( 2003 ) , Broken Flowers ( 2005 ) , Only Lovers Left Alive ( 2013 ) , and Paterson ( 2016 ) . Stranger Than Paradise was added to the National Film Registry in December 2002 . As a musician , Jarmusch has composed music for his films and released two albums with Jozef van Wissem .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a48ddc5d21e09699d0a8f495cbff4301",
"text": "Joel Schumacher Joel T. Schumacher ( born August 29 , 1939 ) is an American film director , screenwriter , and producer . Schumacher rose to fame after directing hit films of his decade St. Elmo 's Fire ( 1985 ) , The Lost Boys ( 1987 ) and Flatliners ( 1990 ) . He later went on to direct John Grisham adaptations The Client ( 1994 ) and A Time to Kill ( 1996 ) . His films Falling Down ( 1993 ) and 8mm ( 1999 ) were competed for Palme d'Or and Golden Bear respectively . In 1993 , he signed on to direct the next installments of Batman film series . Schumacher-directed Batman films Batman Forever ( 1995 ) and particularly Batman & Robin ( 1997 ) received negative reactions from both public and critics . After Batman films , Schumacher pulled back from blockbusters and returned to making minimalist films such as Tigerland ( 2000 ) and Phone Booth ( 2002 ) , both earning positive reviews . He also directed The Phantom of the Opera ( 2004 ) , The Number 23 ( 2007 ) and several episodes of House of Cards . Known for casting young actors , Schumacher helped actors like Colin Farrell , Kiefer Sutherland , and Matthew McConaughey to launch careers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1769e5c52aaf5e4512faac3561a745da",
"text": "Kennedy Miller Mitchell Kennedy Miller Mitchell ( before 2009 known as Kennedy Miller ) is an Australian film , television and video game production house in Potts Point , Sydney , that has been producing television and film since 1978 . It is responsible for some of Australia 's most well known and successful films , including the four Mad Max films , the two Babe films , and the two Happy Feet films . Kennedy Miller Mitchell is one of Australia 's oldest existing film production companies , and the internationally most successful . Many of the films are directed by the co-founder , George Miller , though he sometimes takes an organisational role and prefers to use someone else to direct , as with Babe , which was directed by Chris Noonan . The company 's most recent project was the fourth Mad Max film , titled Mad Max : Fury Road . After being `` in development hell for 25 years '' , the film was released to critical acclaim on May 15 , 2015 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b95208e443e2759021f858099b13ed21",
"text": "List of accolades received by 127 Hours 127 Hours is a 2010 British independent biographical adventure film directed by Danny Boyle . It stars James Franco in the principal role as real-life mountain climber Aron Ralston , whose hand was trapped under a boulder in a Utah ravine for more than five days in April 2003 . Adapted from Ralston 's autobiography Between a Rock and a Hard Place , 127 Hourss screenplay was written by Boyle and Simon Beaufoy . Distributors Fox Searchlight and Pathé gave the feature limited releases in the United States and United Kingdom on 5 November 2010 and 7 January 2011 , respectively . It grossed # 35.8 million at the box office by the end of its worldwide theatrical run . Rotten Tomatoes , a review aggregator surveyed 215 reviews and judged 93 % to be positive . Additionally , 127 Hours appeared on more than two dozen movie reviewers ' Top Ten lists for the best movies of 2010 . The film has received honors for its direction , music , cinematography and writing , as well as for the lead performance by Franco . At the 68th Golden Globe Awards ceremony , 127 Hours earned three nominations : for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Drama , Best Original Score and Best Screenplay . The picture was nominated in nine Satellite Award categories , including direction , score , sound , original song and visual effects . It also received nine nominations from the Broadcast Film Critics Association . The 64th British Academy Film Awards nominated it for eight of their awards , including Best Director , Best Editing , Best Music and Best Sound . Additionally , 127 Hours was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Film , but lost to The King 's Speech . It performed similarly at the 83rd Academy Awards , where it was nominated in six categories : Best Actor , Best Adapted Screenplay , Best Film Editing , Best Original Score , Best Original Song ( for `` If I Rise '' ) and Best Picture , but lost respectively in all categories to The King 's Speech , The Social Network , and Toy Story 3 . Franco was named Best Actor by the New York Film Critics Online and 2010 Independent Spirit Awards . He also received recognition from the Screen Actors Guild , at their 17th annual ceremony . Franco 's arm amputation scene towards the end of 127 Hours was nominated at the viewer-voted 2011 MTV Movie Awards . Boyle 's and Beaufoy 's efforts on the movie 's script earned them nominations from the Writers Guild of America and Evening Standard British Film Awards . Along with producer Christian Colson , Boyle garnered another nomination , this time from the Producers Guild of America . The Detroit Film Critics Society honored Boyle as Best Director . Suttirat Larlarb 's input on the movie 's production design earned her one nomination from the Art Directors Guild . The film 's cinematography garnered nominations at the 2010 Houston Film Critics Awards and the 2010 San Diego Film Critics Society Awards . The American Film Institute listed 127 Hours as one of the ten best movies of 2010 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9928aefada6e5fa0b61235c1a850fccf",
"text": "George T. Miller George Trumbull Miller ( born 1943 ) is a Scottish-Australian film and television director and producer . He has directed The Man from Snowy River , The NeverEnding Story II : The Next Chapter , and Zeus and Roxanne . He started his career in 1966 working for Crawford Productions . `` They trained you to do everything , they 'd throw you in at the deep end to see if you sank or swam , '' he said . `` I was one of the ones who swam -- you would n't get that training anywhere now . '' Miller says he was offered to direct `` Crocodile '' Dundee but had to turn it down because he was going to make another film at the time , which ended up not being made .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f477a0e502b7a950c97e8d2e9d639954",
"text": "Jimmy Hayward James `` Jimmy '' Hayward ( born September 17 , 1970 ) is a Canadian-American film director , screenwriter and animator .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "281ad9273c5fdedf6b01919646686394",
"text": "Hugo (film) Hugo is a 2011 historical adventure drama film directed and co-produced by Martin Scorsese and adapted for the screen by John Logan . Based on Brian Selznick 's book The Invention of Hugo Cabret , it is about a boy who lives alone in the Gare Montparnasse railway station in Paris in the 1930s . A co-production between Graham King 's GK Films and Johnny Depp 's Infinitum Nihil , the film stars Ben Kingsley , Sacha Baron Cohen , Asa Butterfield , Chloë Grace Moretz , Ray Winstone , Emily Mortimer , Jude Law , Helen McCrory , and Christopher Lee . Hugo is Scorsese 's first film shot in 3D , of which the filmmaker remarked : `` I found 3D to be really interesting , because the actors were more upfront emotionally . Their slightest move , their slightest intention is picked up much more precisely . '' The film was released in the United States on November 23 , 2011 . When it was released , Hugo received critical acclaim and received 11 Academy Award nominations ( including Best Picture ) , more than any other film that year , and won five awards : Best Cinematography , Best Art Direction , Best Sound Mixing , Best Sound Editing and Best Visual Effects . It was also nominated for eight BAFTAs , winning two , and was nominated for three Golden Globe awards , earning Scorsese his third Golden Globe Award for Best Director . The film grossed $ 185 million against a budget of $ 150 -- $ 170 million .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "727345278309a73012f2a75ba6c093c6",
"text": "Highlander (film) Highlander is a 1986 British-American adventure action fantasy film directed by Russell Mulcahy and based on a story by Gregory Widen . It stars Christopher Lambert , Sean Connery , Clancy Brown , and Roxanne Hart . The film narrates the climax of an ages-old battle between immortal warriors , depicted through interwoven past and present-day storylines . Christopher Lambert plays swordsman Connor MacLeod from Scottish Highlands , known as the Highlander , one of a number of immortal warriors , who can only be killed by decapitation . After initial training by another highly skilled immortal swordsman , Ramirez ( Sean Connery ) , MacLeod lives on for several centuries , eventually settling in New York City , managing an antiques shop . In 1985 , he falls in love with a policewoman named Brenda and finds out that he must face his biggest enemy , Clancy Brown 's Kurgan , who wishes to kill MacLeod and to obtain `` the Prize '' -- a special ability which is given to the last living immortal warrior , vast knowledge and the ability to enslave the entire human race . Highlander enjoyed little success on its initial theatrical release , grossing over $ 12 million worldwide against a production budget of $ 19 million , and received mixed reviews . Nevertheless , it became a cult film and launched Lambert to stardom . The film inspired a franchise which included film sequels and television spin-offs . Its tagline , `` There can be only one '' , has carried on throughout the franchise , as have the songs provided for the film by the rock band Queen .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dfdb9646bfab4320b48664f04c950817",
"text": "Ronan's Escape Ronan 's Escape is a short film written and directed by Australian born filmmaker A.J. Carter and produced by Academy Award Nominee , Martin Mhando . The film , set in the rural wheat belt of Western Australia , provides a candid insight into the life of Ronan , a 14-year-old boy who has been bullied at school his whole life and decides to make an escape . This accurate and controversial portrayal of life for someone who has fallen victim to bullying and the repercussions which exist , is told in a unique , exposition intensive format with very little use of dialogue . Ronan 's Escape presents arbitrary scenes rather than traditional storytelling which provokes audiences into discussion and interpretation of the scenes on a more personal level while reflecting on their own experiences .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "242c6bcb17f923496355b0a19c22f5fc",
"text": "Matt Ross (actor) Matthew Brandon `` Matt '' Ross ( born January 3 , 1970 ) is an American actor , director and screenwriter . He wrote and directed the feature film Captain Fantastic , starring Viggo Mortensen , for which he won Un Certain Regard ( recognition of young talent ) at the 2016 Cannes Film Festival . Before that , Ross made seven short films , including The Language of Love , which premiered at the Sundance Film Festival . As an actor , Ross is best known for his roles as Gavin Belson in the HBO series Silicon Valley , Alby Grant in the HBO series Big Love , Glenn Odekirk in The Aviator , and Luis Carruthers in American Psycho . He was also Eddie Scott in the 2005 film Good Night , and Good Luck , for which he was nominated for a Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture . He also directed the feature film 28 Hotel Rooms , which premiered at the Sundance Film Festival . In 2011 and 2015 , he played Charles Montgomery in the first and fifth seasons of FX 's anthology series American Horror Story . He is married to the writer Phyllis Grant , with whom he has two children : Isabel `` Bella '' and Dashiell `` Dash '' Ross .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6f444d866de507020fdbd97a68e09fdc",
"text": "James McLaughlin (American actor) James McLaughlin , also James W. MacLaughlin an J.W. McLaughlin was an American film actor and director .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a55a33c47e715a91515253b8a1539d08",
"text": "Tusk (2014 film) Tusk is a 2014 American comedy horror film written and directed by Kevin Smith , based on a story from his SModcast podcast . The film stars Michael Parks , Justin Long , Haley Joel Osment , Génesis Rodríguez , and Johnny Depp . The film is intended to be the first in Smith 's planned True North trilogy . Tusk had its world premiere at the Toronto International Film Festival , before it was released on September 19 , 2014 , by A24 . The film was Smith 's first major wide release since Cop Out , and performed poorly at the box office after receiving mixed reviews .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "53632f940409271ef2f3b6d6dc4e6180",
"text": "Caboblanco Caboblanco ( 1980 ) is an American drama film directed by J. Lee Thompson , starring Charles Bronson , Dominique Sanda and Jason Robards . The film has often been described as a remake of Casablanca . The movie marks the third collaboration between Bronson and director J. Lee Thompson ( following 1976 's St. Ives and 1977 's The White Buffalo ) .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
a49b66a5a5be1b7aee48976c549c6667
|
Joffrey Baratheon is a written character.
|
[
{
"docid": "e8b2ab75ff77cdb6e8e5bee5860a723d",
"text": "Joffrey Baratheon Joffrey Baratheon is a fictional character in the A Song of Ice and Fire series of epic fantasy novels by American author George R. R. Martin , and its television adaptation Game of Thrones . Introduced in 1996 's A Game of Thrones , Joffrey is the eldest son of Cersei Lannister from the kingdom of Westeros . He subsequently appeared in Martin 's A Clash of Kings ( 1998 ) and A Storm of Swords ( 2000 ) . Joffrey is portrayed by Irish actor Jack Gleeson in the HBO television adaptation . In 2016 , Rolling Stone ranked the character # 4 in their list of the `` 40 Greatest TV Villains of All Time '' .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "d857fa752bc81d210801c63a93af49f6",
"text": "Interactive writing Interactive writing has been described by Swartz ( 2001 ) as `` a teaching method in which children and teacher negotiate what they are going to write and then share the pen to construct the message . '' Interactive writing is a cooperative event in which text is jointly composed and written . The teacher uses the interactive writing session to model reading and writing strategies as he or she engages children in creating text . Interactive writing was also included by Fountas & Pinnell as part of their balanced literacy framework . Similar to shared writing , interactive writing allows a teacher and students to literally `` share the pen '' to create a joint sentence or message . Typically used in the primary grades , interactive writing is a powerful instructional medium for teaching phonics , spelling principles , rimes , writing conventions , and other key early writing skills . This form of interactive writing is thoroughly explained and detailed in the book Interactive Writing : How Language & Literacy Come Together , K-2 by Andrea McCarrier , Gay Su Pinnell , and Irene Fountas . Others have described interactive writing differently as a method used in literacy teaching , especially for young children , whereby the students have the opportunity to practice their reading , studying and writing skills in a safe and creative environment . In this method the teacher ( s ) and students write to each other , by means of letters , dialogue journals or a message board . The students are free to choose the topic and the length of their writings . The teachers respond without correcting or criticising the spelling , grammar or writing style , but rather modelling more appropriate forms of writing . The aim of this method is to allow children to see literacy as something meaningful and enjoyable , rather than a mind-numbing school activity . The focus is on fluency rather than accuracy . The principle behind it is ` write to learn , not learn to write ' . As such it relates to the learner-centered whole language approach . The interactive writing method has been described in books such as : Peyton , Joy Kreeft ( ed . ) ( 1990 ) Students and Teachers Writing Together : Perspectives on Journal Writing . Robinson , A. , L. Crawford & N. Hall ( 1990 ) some day you will no all about me : Young Children 's Explorations in the World of Letter Writing . Reference Swartz , Stanley L. et al. , ( 2001 ) . Interactive editing and interactive writing . Dominie Press/Pearson Learning . Category : Writing",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f66db049c05088370031e9e6d450604f",
"text": "English writing style An English writing style is a way of using the English language . The style of a piece of writing is the way in which features of the language are used to convey meaning , typically but not always within the constraints of more widely accepted conventions of usage , grammar , and speling . An individual 's writing style may be a very personal thing . Organizations that employ writers or commission written work from individuals may require that writers conform to a standardized style defined by the organization . This allows a consistent readability of composite works produced by many authors , and promotes usability of , for example , references to other cited works . In many kinds of professional writing aiming for effective transfer of information , adherence to a standardised style of writing helps readers make sense of what the writer is presenting . Many standardised styles are documented in style guides . Some styles are more widely used , others restricted to a particular journal . Adherence to no particular style is also a style in its own right ; some may think it undesirable , others not .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9affe046dab904020747d9f5494e22ba",
"text": "Theme (narrative) In contemporary literary studies , a theme is the central topic a text treats . Themes can be divided into two categories : a work 's thematic concept is what readers `` think the work is about '' and its thematic statement being `` what the work says about the subject '' . The most common contemporary understanding of theme is an idea or point that is central to a story , which can often be summed in a single word ( e.g. love , death , betrayal ) . Typical examples of themes of this type are conflict between the individual and society ; coming of age ; humans in conflict with technology ; nostalgia ; and the dangers of unchecked ambition . A theme may be exemplified by the actions , utterances , or thoughts of a character in a novel . An example of this would be the thematic idea of loneliness in John Steinbeck 's Of Mice and Men , wherein many of the characters seem to be lonely . It may differ from the thesis -- the text 's or author 's implied worldview . A story may have several themes . Themes often explore historically common or cross-culturally recognizable ideas , such as ethical questions , and are usually implied rather than stated explicitly . An example of this would be whether one should live a seemingly better life , at the price of giving up parts of one 's humanity , which is a theme in Aldous Huxley 's Brave New World . Along with plot , character , setting , and style , theme is considered one of the components of fiction .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b7ab3dbc6ecb22c0775f1428d523c8e0",
"text": "Sansa Stark Sansa Stark is a fictional character created by American author George R. R. Martin . She is a prominent character in Martin 's award-winning A Song of Ice and Fire series . Introduced in 1996 's A Game of Thrones , Sansa is the eldest daughter and second child of Lord Eddard Stark and his wife Lady Catelyn Stark . She subsequently appeared in the following three novels , A Clash of Kings ( 1998 ) , A Storm of Swords ( 2000 ) and A Feast for Crows ( 2005 ) . While absent from the fifth novel A Dance with Dragons as the books are separated geographically , Sansa is confirmed to return in the forthcoming next book in the series , The Winds of Winter . In HBO 's adaptation of the series , Game of Thrones , Sansa Stark is played by Sophie Turner . The character has received critical acclaim , being praised as the 4th greatest character in the series by Rolling Stone . She and the rest of the cast were nominated for Screen Actors Guild Awards for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series in 2012 , 2014 , 2015 and 2016 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e30377a59905c07535604649bdcf0846",
"text": "Costard Costard is a comic figure in the play Love 's Labour 's Lost by William Shakespeare . A country bumpkin , he is arrested in the first scene for flouting the king 's proclamation that all men of the court avoid the company of women for three years . While in custody , the men of the court use him to further their own romantic endeavors . By sending love notes to the wrong women and blurting out secrets ( including that of an unplanned pregnancy ) , Costard makes fools of the royal court . Along with Moth the page and Jaquenetta , a country wench , Costard pokes fun at the upper-class . While mocking a pedantic schoolmaster , Costard uses the word honorificabilitudinitatibus , the longest word by far from any of Shakespeare 's works . Costard makes many clever puns , and is used as a tool by Shakespeare to explain new words such as remuneration . He is sometimes considered one of the smartest characters in the play due to his wit and wordplay . Costard 's name is an archaic term for apple , or metaphorically a man 's head . Shakespeare uses the word in this sense in Richard III .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "03f3c91aeb340663a8a0ebfe2b765dab",
"text": "Chivalric romance As a literary genre of high culture , romance or chivalric romance is a type of prose and verse narrative that was popular in the aristocratic circles of High Medieval and Early Modern Europe . They were fantastic stories about marvel-filled adventures , often of a knight-errant portrayed as having heroic qualities , who goes on a quest , yet it is `` the emphasis on love and courtly manners distinguishes it from the chanson de geste and other kinds of epic , in which masculine military heroism predominates . '' Popular literature also drew on themes of romance , but with ironic , satiric or burlesque intent . Romances reworked legends , fairy tales , and history to suit the readers ' and hearers ' tastes , but by c. 1600 they were out of fashion , and Miguel de Cervantes famously burlesqued them in his novel Don Quixote . Still , the modern image of `` medieval '' is more influenced by the romance than by any other medieval genre , and the word medieval evokes knights , distressed damsels , dragons , and other romantic tropes . Originally , romance literature was written in Old French , Anglo-Norman , Occitan , and Provençal , and later in Portuguese , in Castilian , in English , in Italian ( particularly with the Sicilian poetry ) and German . During the early 13th century , romances were increasingly written as prose . In later romances , particularly those of French origin , there is a marked tendency to emphasize themes of courtly love , such as faithfulness in adversity .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e6c6b75d232d605a21d273483bbab25a",
"text": "Timeline of Shakespeare criticism Timeline of Shakespeare criticism is an informal term that presents a chronological collection of critical quotations about William Shakespeare and his works , which illustrate the article Shakespeare 's reputation . Shakespeare enjoyed recognition in his own time , but in the 17th century , poets and authors began to consider him as the supreme dramatist and poet of all times of the English language . In fact , even today , no other dramatist has been performed even remotely as often on the British ( and later the world ) stage as Shakespeare Since then , several editors and critics of theater began to focus on the dramatic text and the language of Shakespeare , creating a study that focused on extracting all the power of his literary texts , being used in studies on the printed page rather than in the theater . This attitude reached a high point with the Romantics , which saw his figure as a genius , prophet , and Bard -- and continued important in the last century , receiving analysis not only by poets and authors , but also by psychoanalysts , psychologists and philosophers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "70e528b1ffe3742fc4ddb9c80ddb057b",
"text": "Christ figure A Christ figure , also known as a Christ-Image is a literary technique that the author uses to draw allusions between their characters and the biblical Jesus . More loosely , the Christ Figure is a spiritual or prophetic character who parallels Jesus , or other spiritual or prophetic figures . In general , a character should display more than one correspondence with the story of Jesus Christ as depicted in the Bible . For instance , the character might display one or more of the following traits : performance of miracles , manifestation of divine qualities , healing others , displaying kindness and forgiveness , fighting for justice , being guided by the spirit of the character 's father , and the character 's own death and resurrection . Christ figures are often martyrs , sacrificing themselves for causes larger than themselves . In postmodern literature , the resurrection theme is often abandoned , leaving us with the image of a martyr sacrificing himself for a greater good . It is common to see Christ figures displayed in a manner suggestive of crucifixion as well .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cce007bc7bd6876b62dde384f7bb8ab7",
"text": "Tolkien's legendarium Tolkien 's legendarium is the term for the entirety of J. R. R. Tolkien 's mythopoetic writing that forms the background to his The Lord of the Rings . Tolkien worked and re-worked the components of his legendarium throughout his adult life , or during a period of more than 50 years ; the earliest drafts , published in The Book of Lost Tales ( 1983 ) dating to 1916 . Colloquially , `` Middle-earth '' is popularly used as a shorthand for a `` canonical '' or mature form of Tolkien 's narrative , Middle-earth being Tolkien 's term for the inhabited part of the world in which most of his published stories were set . The mythological and cosmological background of Tolkien 's published works was sketched in the posthumously-published The Silmarillion ( 1977 ) , and in Tolkien studies as a field as it has developed since the 1980s .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "75916aff69d6af668437222129c16772",
"text": "Cyfraith Hywel Cyfraith Hywel ( -LSB- ˈkəvraiθ ˈhəwɛl -RSB- ; Laws of Hywel ) , also known as Welsh law ( Leges Walliæ ) , was the system of law practised in medieval Wales before its final conquest by England . Subsequently , the Welsh law 's criminal codes were superseded by the Statute of Rhuddlan in AD 1284 and its civil codes by Henry VIII 's series of Laws in Wales Acts between 1535 and 1542 . Welsh law was a form of Celtic law with many similarities to the Brehon law of Ireland and particularly the customs and terminology of the Britons of Strathclyde . It was passed down orally by jurists and bards and , according to tradition , only first codified during the reign of Hywel the Good in the mid-10th century . The earliest surviving manuscripts , however , are in Latin , date from the early 13th century , and show marked regional differences . The law is only known to have been revised by a few rulers ( particularly Bleddyn ap Cynfyn , who was credited with revisions retained in the kingdom of Powys ) but was obviously updated by jurists in response to changing jurisdictions and circumstances , so that the surviving manuscripts can not be considered an accurate portrayal of Hywel 's first code . Notable features of Welsh law include the collective responsibility of kindreds ( Welsh : cenedl ) for their members ; the gavelkind inheritance of land among all and only male descendants ; a status-based system of blood money ( galanas ) ; slavery and serfdom ; the inability of foreigners to naturalize earlier than the fourth generation ; and very lax treatment of divorce and legitimacy that scandalized the non-native clergy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f6e679f40cfe4d7b7abac9cce99a7c75",
"text": "Cultural depictions of Edward III of England Edward III of England is the central character in the play Edward III , sometimes attributed to William Shakespeare . He also appears as a boy in Edward II by Christopher Marlowe . Edward is also the protagonist of William Blake 's early drama Edward the Third , part of his Poetical Sketches , published in 1783 . George Bernard Shaw portrayed Edward for dramatic purposes as , in Shaw 's preface to The Six of Calais , behaving himself like an unrestrained human being in a very trying situation . Edward III has rarely been portrayed on screen . He was portrayed by Charles Kent in the 1911 silent short The Death of King Edward III and by Michael Hordern in the 1955 film The Dark Avenger , about Edward , the Black Prince . As a boy he has been portrayed by Stéphane Combesco in the 1982 French TV adaptation of Marlowe 's play and by Jody Graber in Derek Jarman 's 1991 version . In World Without End ( 2012 ) , Blake Ritson portrayed Edward III . Edward is portrayed as the son of Isabella and the Scottish rebel , William Wallace , in the 1995 film Braveheart . This is historically impossible , as Wallace died seven years before Edward was born when Isabella was about 17 years old . It is extremely unlikely William Wallace and Isabella ever met . Edward appears in Maurice Druon 's series of historical novels Les Rois maudits ( The Accursed Kings ) . Jean-Louis Broust portrayed him in the 1972 French TV adaptation of these novels , and Aurélien Wiik played the role in the 2005 French TV adaptation . Edward is a major character in The King 's Mistress by Emma Campion and her Owen Archer mystery novel The Lady Chapel ( 1994 ) under the name Candace Robb . He appears in the 2000 Bernard Cornwell novel Harlequin , as well as in the 2007 Ken Follett novel World Without End , the sequel to Pillars of the Earth . Edward also appears briefly in The First Princess of Wales by Karen Harper .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "30b9c8bdecf411d6a5c6de20010206ba",
"text": "Knight A knight is a person granted an honorary title of knighthood by a monarch or other political leader for service to the monarch or country , especially in a military capacity . Historically , in Europe , knighthood was conferred upon mounted warriors . During the High Middle Ages , knighthood was considered a class of lower nobility . By the Late Middle Ages , the rank had become associated with the ideals of chivalry , a code of conduct for the perfect courtly Christian warrior . Often , a knight was a vassal who served as a fighter for a lord , with payment in the form of land holdings . The lords trusted the knights , who were skilled in battle on horseback . Since the early modern period , the title of knight is purely honorific , usually bestowed by a monarch , as in the British honours system , often for non-military service to the country . The modern female equivalent in the United Kingdom is Dame . Historically , the ideals of chivalry were popularized in medieval literature , especially the Matter of Britain and Matter of France , the former based on Geoffrey of Monmouth 's Historia Regum Britanniae ( History of the Kings of Britain ) which introduced the legend of King Arthur , written in the 1130s . Sir Thomas Malory 's Le Morte d'Arthur ( The Death of Arthur ) , written in 1485 , was important in defining the ideal of chivalry , which is essential to the modern concept of the knight , as an elite warrior sworn to uphold the values of faith , loyalty , courage , and honour . Furthermore , Geoffroi de Charny 's `` Book of Chivalry '' expounded upon the importance of Christian faith in every area of a knight 's life . During the Renaissance , the genre of chivalric romance became popular in literature , growing ever more idealistic and eventually giving rise to a new form of realism in literature popularised by Miguel de Cervantes ' Don Quixote . This novel explored the ideals of knighthood and their incongruity with the reality of Cervantes ' world . In the late medieval period , new methods of warfare began to render classical knights in armour obsolete , but the titles remained in many nations . Some orders of knighthood , such as the Knights Templar , have become the subject of legend ; others have disappeared into obscurity . Today , a number of orders of knighthood continue to exist in several countries , such as the English Order of the Garter , the Swedish Royal Order of the Seraphim , and the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav . Each of these orders has its own criteria for eligibility , but knighthood is generally granted by a head of state or monarch to selected persons to recognise some meritorious achievement . Knighthood in the Middle Ages was closely linked with horsemanship ( and especially the joust ) from its origins in the 12th century until its final flowering as a fashion among the high nobility in the Duchy of Burgundy in the 15th century . This linkage is reflected in the etymology of chivalry , cavalier and related terms ( see Etymology section below ) . The special prestige accorded to mounted warriors finds a parallel in the furusiyya in the Muslim world , and the Greek hippeus and Roman eques of classical antiquity .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "24d22d9f72b4f8005f464a9df3675e93",
"text": "Ned Stark Eddard `` Ned '' Stark is a fictional character in the first book of George R. R. Martin 's A Song of Ice and Fire series of fantasy novels and the first season of its television adaptation . Introduced in 1996 's A Game of Thrones , Ned is the honorable lord of Winterfell , an ancient fortress in the North of the fictional continent of Westeros . Though the character is established as a primary character in the novel and the TV adaptation , Martin 's plot twist at the end involving Ned shocked both readers of the book and viewers of the TV series . Ned is portrayed by Sean Bean in the first season of HBO 's adaptation of the series , Game of Thrones , and as a child and young man by Sebastian Croft and Robert Aramayo respectively in the sixth season . Bean was nominated for a Saturn Award for Best Actor on Television and a Scream Award for Best Fantasy Actor for the role . He and the rest of the cast were nominated for Screen Actors Guild Awards for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series in 2011 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0d4b359862450a7cf88cacc628c98e95",
"text": "Bookwriter The bookwriter is the member of a musical 's writing team who creates the book -- the musical 's plot , character development , and dramatic structure . Essentially , the bookwriter is the playwright of the musical . He or she works very closely in collaboration with the lyricist and composer to create an integrated piece of drama . There is a common misconception that the bookwriter merely writes the dialogue ; though the book does include the musical 's spoken text , it is much more than that , defining and organizing the dramatic action of the entire piece , including action that is musicalized by the songwriter ( s ) . Even `` sung-through , '' `` operatic , '' or `` through-composed '' musicals , where there is little , if any , spoken text , require as much contribution from a bookwriter as do musicals with extensive dialogue scenes . The bookwriter is often also the musical 's lyricist , composer , or director . Category : Occupations in music",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "de592e967bc6f7d8e29eb17db7435a6d",
"text": "Welsh literature in English Anglo-Welsh literature and Welsh writing in English are terms used to describe works written in the English language by Welsh writers . It has been recognised as a distinctive entity only since the 20th century . The need for a separate identity for this kind of writing arose because of the parallel development of modern Welsh-language literature ; as such it is perhaps the youngest branch of English-language literature in the British Isles . Welsh writers in English have traditionally favoured the short story form over the novel for two main reasons : in a society lacking sufficient wealth to support professional writers , the amateur writer was able to spare time only for short bursts of creativity ; and , like poetry , it concentrated linguistic delight and exuberance . However , the genre did not develop in these writers much beyond its origin in rural sketches . Satire was avoided , and , since the main market was London publishers , the short stories tended to focus on the eccentricities ( as seen from a metropolitan viewpoint ) of Welsh life .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "66cffade99f6ae0bbf0731716c9f8755",
"text": "The Railway Series The Railway Series is a set of story books about a railway system located on the fictional Island of Sodor . There are 42 books in the series , the first being published in 1945 . Twenty-six were written by the Rev. Wilbert Awdry , up to 1972 . A further 16 were written by his son , Christopher Awdry ; 14 between 1983 and 1996 , and two more in 2007 and 2011 . Nearly all of The Railway Series stories were based upon real-life events . As a lifelong railway enthusiast , Awdry was keen that his stories should be as realistic as possible . The engine characters were almost all based upon real classes of locomotive , and some of the railways themselves were directly based upon real lines in the British Isles . Characters and stories from the books formed the basis of the children 's television series Thomas and Friends . Audio adaptations of The Railway Series have been recorded at various times under the title The Railway Stories .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f3cd21922b8130b04ca28289fe232c44",
"text": "Old English literature Old English literature or Anglo-Saxon literature , encompasses literature written in Old English , in Anglo-Saxon England from the 7th century to the decades after the Norman Conquest of 1066 . `` Cædmon 's Hymn '' , composed in the 7th century , according to Bede , is often considered the oldest extant poem in English , whereas the later poem , The Grave is one of the final poems written in Old English , and presents a transitional text between Old and Middle English . The Peterborough Chronicle can also be considered a late-period text , continuing into the 12th century . The poem Beowulf , which often begins the traditional canon of English literature , is the most famous work of Old English literature . The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle has also proven significant for historical study , preserving a chronology of early English history . In descending order of quantity , Old English literature consists of : sermons and saints ' lives ; biblical translations ; translated Latin works of the early Church Fathers ; Anglo-Saxon chronicles and narrative history works ; laws , wills and other legal works ; practical works on grammar , medicine , geography ; and poetry . In all there are over 400 surviving manuscripts from the period , of which about 189 are considered `` major '' . Besides Old English literature , Anglo-Saxons wrote a number of Anglo-Latin works .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "73f08a7b4a91055c361dbc19dd64d72b",
"text": "Scots-language literature Scots-language literature is literature , including poetry , prose and drama , written in the Scots language in its many forms and derivatives . Middle Scots became the dominant language of Scotland in the late Middle Ages . The first surviving major text in Scots literature is John Barbour 's Brus ( 1375 ) . Some ballads may date back to the thirteenth century , but were not recorded until the eighteenth century . In the early fifteenth century Scots historical works included Andrew of Wyntoun 's verse Orygynale Cronykil of Scotland and Blind Harry 's The Wallace . Much Middle Scots literature was produced by makars , poets with links to the royal court , which included James I , who wrote the extended poem The Kingis Quair . Writers such as William Dunbar , Robert Henryson , Walter Kennedy and Gavin Douglas have been seen as creating a golden age in Scottish poetry . In the late fifteenth century , Scots prose also began to develop as a genre . The first complete surviving work is John Ireland 's The Meroure of Wyssdome ( 1490 ) . There were also prose translations of French books of chivalry that survive from the 1450s . The landmark work in the reign of James IV was Gavin Douglas 's version of Virgil 's Aeneid . James V supported William Stewart and John Bellenden , who translated the Latin History of Scotland compiled in 1527 by Hector Boece , into verse and prose . David Lyndsay wrote elegiac narratives , romances and satires . From the 1550s cultural pursuits were limited by the lack of a royal court and the Kirk heavily discouraged poetry that was not devotional . Nevertheless poets from this period included Richard Maitland of Lethington , John Rolland and Alexander Hume . Alexander Scott 's use of short verse designed to be sung to music , opened the way for the Castilan poets of James VI 's adult reign . who included William Fowler , John Stewart of Baldynneis , and Alexander Montgomerie . Plays in Scots included Lyndsay 's The Thrie Estaitis , the anonymous The Maner of the Cyring of ane Play and Philotus . After his accession to the English throne , James VI increasingly favoured the language of southern England and the loss of the court as a centre of patronage in 1603 was a major blow to Scottish literature . The poets who followed the king to London began to anglicise their written language and only significant court poet to continue to work in Scotland after the king 's departure was William Drummond of Hawthornden . After the Union in 1707 the use of Scots was discouraged . Allan Ramsay ( 1686 -- 1758 ) is often described as leading a `` vernacular revival '' and he laid the foundations of a reawakening of interest in older Scottish literature . He was part of a community of poets working in Scots and English that included William Hamilton of Gilbertfield , Robert Crawford , Alexander Ross , William Hamilton of Bangour , Alison Rutherford Cockburn and James Thompson . Also important was Robert Fergusson . Robert Burns is widely regarded as the national poet of Scotland , working in both Scots and English . His `` Auld Lang Syne '' is often sung at Hogmanay , and `` Scots Wha Hae '' served for a long time as an unofficial national anthem . Scottish poetry is often seen as entering a period of decline in the nineteenth century , with Scots-language poetry criticised for its use of parochial dialect . Conservative and anti-radical Burns clubs sprang up around Scotland , filled with poets who fixated on the `` Burns stanza '' as a form . Scottish poetry has been seen as descending into infantalism as exemplified by the highly popular Whistle Binkie anthologies , leading into the sentimental parochialism of the Kailyard school . Poets from the lower social orders who used Scots included the weaver-poet William Thom . Walter Scott , the leading literary figure of the early nineteenth century , largely wrote in English , and Scots was confined to dialogue or interpolated narrative , in a model that would be followed by other novelists such as John Galt and Robert Louis Stevenson . James Hogg provided a Scots counterpart to the work of Scott . However , popular Scottish newspapers regularly included articles and commentary in the vernacular and there was an interest in translations into Scots from other Germanic languages , such as Danish , Swedish and German , including those by Robert Jamieson and Robert Williams Buchanan . In the early twentieth century there was a new surge of activity in Scottish literature , influenced by modernism and resurgent nationalism , known as the Scottish Renaissance . The leading figure in the movement was Hugh MacDiarmid who attempted to revive the Scots language as a medium for serious literature , developing a form of Synthetic Scots that combined different regional dialects and archaic terms . Other writers that emerged in this period , and are often treated as part of the movement , include the poets Edwin Muir and William Soutar . Some writers that emerged after the Second World War followed MacDiarmid by writing in Scots , including Robert Garioch , Sydney Goodsir Smith and Edwin Morgan , who became known for translations of works from a wide range of European languages . Alexander Gray is chiefly remembered for this translations into Scots from the German and Danish ballad traditions into Scots . Writers who reflected urban contemporary Scots included Douglas Dunn , Tom Leonard and Liz Lochhead . The Scottish Renaissance increasingly concentrated on the novel . George Blake pioneered the exploration of the experiences of the working class . Lewis Grassic Gibbon produced one of the most important realisations of the ideas of the Scottish Renaissance in his trilogy A Scots Quair . Other writers that investigated the working class included James Barke and J. F. Hendry . From the 1980s Scottish literature enjoyed another major revival , particularly associated with a group of Glasgow writers that included Alasdair Gray and James Kelman were among the first novelists to fully utilise a working class Scots voice as the main narrator . Irvine Welsh and Alan Warner both made use of vernacular language including expletives and Scots dialect .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b11235cce795e029d9f2e96941b7ebdd",
"text": "The Jew (play) The Jew is a comedy written by playwright Richard Cumberland and first presented at the Drury Lane Theatre in London in May 1794 . The play is notable as the first play in the English theatre to portray a Jewish moneylender as the hero of a stage production . An adaptation of the original play along with a facsimile copy of The Jew was published in 2012 as Sheva , the Benevolent . The anti-Jewish tradition on the English stage dates back at least to the expulsion of the Jews from England in 1290 and is exemplified by the characters of Shylock in William Shakespeare 's The Merchant of Venice and Barabas in Christopher Marlowe 's The Jew of Malta . In a series of articles called Observer , first published in 1785 , Cumberland created a character named Abraham Abrahams who would later serve as a template for Sheva , the title character in The Jew . In one instalment of Observer , Abrahams is quoted as saying , `` I verily believe the odious character of Shylock has brought little less persecution upon us , poor scattered sons of Abraham , than the Inquisition itself . '' A decade later , in writing The Jew , Cumberland sought to create a positive image of a Jewish man that would counteract centuries of anti-Semitic portraits . The tremendous success of the initial production prompted Cumberland to later write , `` The benevolence of the audience assisted me in rescuing a forlorn and persecuted character , which till then had only been brought upon the stage for the unmanly purpose of being made a spectacle of contempt , and a butt for ridicule . In the success of this comedy I felt of course a greater gratification , than I had ever felt upon a like occasion . '' Shortly after its London premiere , the play began to be performed in the United States , first in Boston , Philadelphia , and New York City and , later , in Richmond , Charleston , and many other cities and towns . The play was also translated into numerous languages including German , French , Hebrew , Yiddish , and Russian . The last known New York production under its original title was presented at the Bronx Free Synagogue in 1919 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b87619a50d03ac863261f53508343e7d",
"text": "List of A Song of Ice and Fire characters George R. R. Martin 's A Song of Ice and Fire novels feature a massive cast of characters . The series follows three interwoven plotlines : a dynastic war for control of Westeros by several families ; the rising threat of the superhuman Others beyond Westeros 's northern border ; and the ambition of Daenerys Targaryen , the exiled heir of the previous ruling dynasty . Each chapter is narrated in the third person limited point of view through the eyes of a single character . Beginning with nine POV characters in A Game of Thrones ( 1996 ) , the number grows to thirty-one by A Dance with Dragons ( 2011 ) .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
4a0d3ea33179953c71b62e4ca3a2dca1
|
Missing is a French film.
|
[
{
"docid": "87c13a7c8df2d5c95c9041a97de52263",
"text": "Missing (film) Missing ( stylized as missing . ) is a 1982 American historical drama film directed by Costa-Gavras and starring Sissy Spacek , Jack Lemmon , Melanie Mayron , John Shea , Janice Rule and Charles Cioffi . It is based on the true story of American journalist Charles Horman , who disappeared in the bloody aftermath of the US-backed Chilean coup of 1973 that deposed the democratically elected socialist President Salvador Allende . Set largely during the days and weeks following Horman 's disappearance , the movie depicts his father and wife searching to determine his fate . The film examines the relationship between Horman 's wife Beth ( Spacek ) and her father-in-law , American businessman Ed Horman ( Lemmon ) . The film premiered at the 1982 Cannes Film Festival where it was jointly awarded the Palme d'Or ( with Yol ) . The film was released theatrically on February 12 , 1982 . It received four nominations at the 55th Academy Awards : Best Picture , Best Actor in a Leading Role ( Lemmon ) , Best Actress in a Leading Role ( Spacek ) and winning Best Writing ( Screenplay Based on Material from Another Medium ) . Missing grossed $ 16 million against its $ 5 million budget . The film was banned in Chile during Augusto Pinochet 's dictatorship , even though neither Chile nor Pinochet is ever mentioned by name ( although the Chilean cities of Viña del Mar and Santiago are ) .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "ab4512c81e7f764a93d2b8ecb8f30d8d",
"text": "Irreplaceable (film) Irreplaceable ( original title : Médecin de campagne ) is a 2016 French dramedy film directed and co-written by Thomas Lilti . It stars François Cluzet and Marianne Denicourt .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fe66a055330215db0b2cbf5e270a9e6b",
"text": "Film à clef A film à clef or film à clé ( -LSB- film ‿ a kle -RSB- , French for `` film with a key '' ) , is a film describing real life , behind a façade of fiction . `` Key '' in this context means a table one can use to swap out the names . It is the film equivalent of the literary roman à clef .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "10b5c95811fc6d563a6c38826694957d",
"text": "Next Summer Next Summer ( L'été prochain ) is a 1985 French drama film directed by Nadine Trintignant .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fb10c9f9752a33ddc22410d72f1ea833",
"text": "Kamen Rider Blade: Missing Ace is the theatrical superhero film adaptation of the Japanese 2004 Kamen Rider series , Kamen Rider Blade , directed by Hidenori Ishida and Katsuya Watanabe and written by Toshiki Inoue . The film is produced by Ishimori Productions and Toei , the producers of all the previous television series and films of the Kamen Rider series . Following the tradition of all Heisei Kamen Rider movies , it is a double bill with the movie for 2004 's Super Sentai series Tokusou Sentai Dekaranger , Tokusou Sentai Dekaranger The Movie : Full Blast Action , both of which premiered on September 11 , 2004 . The film 's title is translated into English as Masked Rider Blade The Movie : Missing Ace . The Director 's Cut was released on DVD on May 21 , 2005 and peaked at number 13 in the weekly Oricon chart , remaining in the list for 5 weeks .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ca06b9fbb3e10e86806a3bd8d5df284a",
"text": "Crime Scenes Crime Scenes ( Scènes de crimes ) is a 2000 French crime film directed by Frédéric Schoendoerffer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ee09b53272d0919160e72c5b1f781304",
"text": "5x2 5x2 ( also Cinq fois deux ; Five Times Two ) is a 2004 French film directed by François Ozon , which uncovers the back story to the gradual disintegration of a middle class marriage by depicting five key moments in the relationship , but in reverse order .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "af99da56042b5507642fdada4b4a67c0",
"text": "Excuse My French (film) Excuse My French is a 2014 Egyptian film Comedy directed by Amr Salama , based on Salama 's own experiences at a public middle school in Egypt after his return from Saudi Arabia . Excuse My French ( La Moakhza ) is Salama 's third feature , a movie that stirred considerable controversy during its release in 2013 . The film was rejected by censors more than three times before it was finally released at the beginning of this year . Hany is a bright student , has many friends , likes to go to church and adores his father . With his father 's unexpected death , his mother can no longer afford the expenses of private school , and is forced to send him to public school . There , Hany is mistakenly presumed Muslim , and uses this situation to his advantage . However , when the truth is revealed , he must face a myriad of unforeseen problems . This turbulent comedy about religious and class differences humorously and boldly addresses critical issues in Egypt . The film was initially deemed too sensitive by the censorship board and Salama was forced to adjust the script while trying to preserve the film 's core concept of religious discrimination . Even after the changes , though , the censors refused the film again in 2010 , claiming that it would fuel sectarian strife and that it did not reflect behaviours that exist in Egyptian society .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c4c360b9dea0e5a4ecf4be66e29763b1",
"text": "Stolen Life (1998 film) Stolen Life ( original title : Voleur de vie ) is a 1998 French drama film directed and co-written by Yves Angelo and starring Emmanuelle Béart and Sandrine Bonnaire . It is based on a novel by Icelandic author Steinunn Sigurðardóttir .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d309958d5423c80a0aed424195459529",
"text": "The Missing Million The Missing Million is a 1942 British crime film directed by Philip Brandon and starring Linden Travers , John Warwick and Patricia Hilliard . It is adapted from a novel by Edgar Wallace . A millionaire is persecuted by a criminal gang .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2caf17a8b7232d1a785ae7f91c6fb9fb",
"text": "Missing Girls Missing Girls is a 1936 American film directed by Phil Rosen .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1c92092af097af2f36fcda2cf5cdfbd5",
"text": "The Assault (2010 film) The Assault ( original title : L'Assaut ) is a 2010 French film based on the 1994 hijacking of Air France Flight 8969 by Algerian Islamic fundamentalist terrorists and the raid to free the hostages by the GIGN , the elite counter-terrorism unit of the French National Gendarmerie . It was directed by Julien Leclercq .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "10659ac63fe05be6564369be94f39d08",
"text": "38th César Awards The 38th Annual César Awards ceremony , presented by the French Academy of Cinema Arts and Techniques ( Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma ) , was held on 22 February 2013 , at the Théâtre du Châtelet in Paris . The ceremony was chaired by Jamel Debbouze , with Antoine de Caunes as master of ceremonies . Nominations were announced 25 January 2013 . Michael Haneke 's film Amour , nominated in ten categories , won in five , including Best Film , Best Director , Best Actor and Best Actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ca830f4d08e529fee74b94f6b1eecca5",
"text": "Histoire(s) du cinéma Histoire ( s ) du cinéma ( -LSB- is.twaʁ dy si.ne.ma -RSB- ) is an 8-part video project begun by Jean-Luc Godard in the late 1980s and completed in 1998 . The longest , at 266 minutes , and one of the most complex of Godard 's films , Histoire ( s ) du cinéma is an examination of the history of the concept of cinema and how it relates to the 20th century ; in this sense , it can also be considered a critique of the 20th century and how it perceives itself . The project is considered by many the most important work of the late period of Godard 's career . Histoire ( s ) du cinéma is always referred to by its French title , because of the word play it implies : histoire means both `` history '' and `` story , '' and the s in parentheses gives the possibility of a plural . Therefore , the phrase Histoire ( s ) du cinéma simultaneously means The History of Cinema , Histories of Cinema , The Story of Cinema and Stories of Cinema . Similar double or triple meanings , as well as puns , are a recurring motif throughout Histoire ( s ) and much of Godard 's work . The film was screened out of competition at the 1988 Cannes Film Festival . Nine years later , it was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1997 Festival . The soundtrack was released as a 5-CD boxed set on the ECM record label .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "852747ac64d82307a7d6e58b4e363bb7",
"text": "List of lost films For this list of lost films , a lost film is defined as one of which no part of a print is known to have survived . For films in which any portion of the footage remains ( including trailers ) , see List of incomplete or partially lost films . Films may go missing for a number of reasons . One major contributing factor is the common use of nitrate film until the early 1950s . This type of film is highly flammable , and there have been several devastating fires , such as the 1937 Fox vault fire , the 1967 MGM vault fire , and the Universal Pictures fire in 1924 . Black-and-white film prints judged to be otherwise worthless were sometimes incinerated to salvage the meager scrap value of the silver image particles in their emulsions . Films have disappeared when production companies went bankrupt . Occasionally , a studio would remake a film and destroy the earlier version . Silent films in particular were once seen as having no further commercial value and were simply junked to clear out expensive storage space . This is necessarily an incomplete list . Martin Scorsese 's Film Foundation claims that `` half of all American films made before 1950 and over 90 % of films made before 1929 are lost forever . '' Deutsche Kinemathek estimates that 80 -- 90 % of silent films are gone ; the film archive 's own list contains over 3500 lost films . A study by the Library of Congress states that 75 % of all silent films are now lost . While others dispute whether the percentage is quite that high , it is impractical to enumerate any but the more notable and those that can be sourced .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6f1812282c3e543fe89fe1a092aad8d6",
"text": "French Connection II French Connection II is a 1975 crime drama film starring Gene Hackman and directed by John Frankenheimer . It is a fictional sequel to the initially true story of the 1971 Academy Award winning picture The French Connection . The film expands on the central character of Det. Jimmy `` Popeye '' Doyle who travels to Marseille , France where he is attempting to track down French drug-dealer Alain Charnier , who got away at the end of the first film . Hackman won an Academy Award for Best Actor for the original The French Connection and he and Fernando Rey are the only returning cast members .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "89361b9c4330cfa54e7f627f7ee99a29",
"text": "À travers la forêt À travers la forêt is a 2005 French film directed by Jean-Paul Civeyrac .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cdb6bd4637b96fc860b38a96d740e524",
"text": "Sleepless Night (2011 film) Sleepless Night ( Nuit Blanche ) is a 2011 French-Belgian-Luxembourgian thriller film directed and co-written by Frederic Jardin . The film premiered in 2011 at the Toronto International Film Festival and has received positive reviews from critics .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "10c64458cf4c8fc627baaaa4c2c2bbd9",
"text": "1969 Cannes Film Festival The 22nd Cannes Film Festival was held from 8 to 23 May 1969 . At this festival a new non-competitive section called `` Directors ' Fortnight '' is added , in response to the cancellation of the 1968 festival . The Grand Prix du Festival International du Film went to the If ... . by Lindsay Anderson . The festival opened with Sweet Charity , directed by Bob Fosse .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6f6dcd225c023b621507073949710144",
"text": "The Absence (film) The Absence is a 1992 French-German-Spanish drama film directed by Peter Handke . It follows the journey of four nameless people : the old man , the woman , the soldier , and the gambler . The film is based on Handke 's novella with the same name . It premiered in competition at the 49th Venice International Film Festival .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "142fa8f808cdd5a5a78fceb48b153e92",
"text": "Run (2014 film) Run is a 2014 French-Ivorian drama film directed by Philippe Lacôte . It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2014 Cannes Film Festival . The film was selected as the Ivorian entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 88th Academy Awards but it was not nominated . It received 12 nominations at the 11th Africa Movie Academy Awards but did not win any award .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
2d7c304372d964a8bc869c1c08a30880
|
Ridley Scott is the director of The Martian.
|
[
{
"docid": "134e5a4232aa9950f27439422f02cd15",
"text": "Ridley Scott Sir Ridley Scott ( born 30 November 1937 ) is an English film director and producer . Following his commercial breakthrough with the science-fiction horror film Alien ( 1979 ) , his best known works are the neo-noir dystopian science fiction film Blade Runner ( 1982 ) , crime drama Thelma & Louise ( 1991 ) , historical drama and Best Picture Oscar winner Gladiator ( 2000 ) , war film Black Hawk Down ( 2001 ) , crime thriller Hannibal ( 2001 ) , biographical film American Gangster ( 2007 ) , and science fiction films Prometheus ( 2012 ) and The Martian ( 2015 ) . Scott is known for his atmospheric , highly concentrated visual style . Though his films range widely in setting and period , they frequently showcase memorable imagery of urban environments , whether 2nd century Rome ( Gladiator ) , 12th century Jerusalem ( Kingdom of Heaven ) , Medieval England ( Robin Hood ) , contemporary Mogadishu ( Black Hawk Down ) , or the future cityscapes of Blade Runner . His films are also known for their strong female characters . Scott has been nominated for three Academy Awards for Directing ( for Thelma & Louise , Gladiator and Black Hawk Down ) . In 1995 , both Ridley and his brother Tony received a BAFTA for Outstanding British Contribution To Cinema . In 2003 , Scott was knighted for his `` services to the British film industry '' . In a 2004 BBC poll Scott was named the tenth most influential person in British culture . In 2015 he received an honorary doctorate from the Royal College of Art in London .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "260c68be82a5fa770bbb657251268859",
"text": "The Martian (film) The Martian is a 2015 American science fiction film directed by Ridley Scott , based on Andy Weir 's 2011 novel The Martian . Matt Damon stars as an astronaut who is mistakenly presumed dead and left behind on Mars . The film depicts his struggle to survive and others ' efforts to rescue him . The film 's ensemble cast also features Jessica Chastain , Kristen Wiig , Jeff Daniels , Michael Peña , Kate Mara , Sean Bean , Sebastian Stan , Donald Glover , Aksel Hennie and Chiwetel Ejiofor . Producer Simon Kinberg began developing the film after 20th Century Fox optioned the novel in March 2013 , which Drew Goddard adapted into a screenplay and was initially attached to direct , but the film did not move forward . Scott replaced Goddard , and with Damon in place as the main character , production was approved . Filming began in November 2014 and lasted approximately seventy days . Twenty sets were built on a sound stage in Budapest , Hungary , one of the largest in the world . Wadi Rum in Jordan was also used as a backdrop for filming . The film premiered at the 2015 Toronto International Film Festival on September 11 , 2015 , followed by the United States ' theatrical release on October 2 , 2015 , by 20th Century Fox . The film was released in 2D , 3D , IMAX 3D and 4DX . It received critical acclaim and has grossed over $ 630 million worldwide , becoming Scott 's highest-grossing film to date , as well as the tenth-highest-grossing film of 2015 . It received several accolades , including the Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture -- Musical or Comedy , seven Academy Award nominations , including Best Picture and Best Adapted Screenplay for Goddard , and the 2016 long form Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation . Damon won the Golden Globe for Best Actor in a Musical or Comedy and was nominated for several awards including the Academy Award for Best Actor , the BAFTA for Best Actor , and the Critic 's Choice Award for Best Actor .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "9d5f20bd463260f19b73e74012ae875a",
"text": "Libertarian science fiction Libertarian science fiction is a subgenre of science fiction that focuses on the politics and social order implied by libertarian philosophies with an emphasis on individualism and private ownership of the means of production -- and in some cases , no state whatsoever . As a category , libertarian fiction is unusual because the vast majority of its authors are self-identified as science fiction authors . This contrasts with the authors of much other social criticism who are largely academic or mainstream novelists who tend to dismiss any genre classification . The identification between libertarianism and science fiction is so strong that the U.S. Libertarian Party often has representatives at science fiction conventions and one of the highest profile authors currently in the subgenre of libertarian science fiction , L. Neil Smith , was the Arizona Libertarian Party 's 2000 candidate for the President of the United States . As a genre , it can be seen as growing out of the 1930s and 1940s when the science-fiction pulp magazines were reaching their peak at the same time as fascism and communism . While this environment gave rise to dystopian novels such as George Orwell 's Nineteen Eighty-Four , in the pulps , this influence more often give rise to speculations about societies ( or sub-groups ) arising in direct opposition to `` totalitarianism . '' Ayn Rand 's novel Atlas Shrugged is a strong ( perhaps the strongest ) influence with an anti-socialist attitude and an individualist ethic that echoes throughout the genre . Of more direct relevance to the science fiction end of this genre is Robert A. Heinlein 's The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress , which is highly regarded even by non-libertarian science fiction readers . An award for libertarian science fiction , the Prometheus Award , is given out every year . Some winners of the award identify as libertarians ( e.g. , L. Neil Smith , Victor Koman , Brad Linaweaver ) , while others do not ( Terry Pratchett , Charles Stross ) . Some other prominent libertarian science fiction authors include S. Andrew Swann and Michael Z. Williamson .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d67e6f4e87164f14868e3f6cf979202e",
"text": "The Lost World: Jurassic Park (film score) Like its predecessor , The Lost World : Jurassic Park was scored by famed composer John Williams ( a longtime collaborator with director Steven Spielberg ) , orchestrated by Conrad Pope and John Neufeld , and recorded in Los Angeles . Notably , Williams did not write a stereotypical sequel score , but instead developed a wildly different style for the different location , cast , and darker tone of the second Jurassic Park film . The original soundtrack album -- released by MCA Records on April 30 , 1997 -- features over seventy minutes of the film 's music , including some material that was unused in the film 's final cut ( e.g. `` The Hunt '' ) . The single disc is packaged in a paper case that opens to reveal dioramas of jungle scenery and dinosaurs from the film . A John Williams collection edition , joint with the soundtrack to the first movie , was released by La-La Land Records on November 29 , 2016 , remastered and featuring additional unreleased music .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f465fa466bdc4e27d262794118652fc7",
"text": "Scott Mactavish Scott Mactavish is an American filmmaker and author . Scott Mactavish recently wrote , produced and directed the films entitled MURPH : The Protector and God and Country : Untold Stories of the American Military . Prior to that , he made Summer Running : The Race to Cure Breast Cancer featuring Sissy Spacek . He has also served as executive producer on five films in as many years , including Chagas , directed by Ricardo Preve . Mactavish attended film School at New York University , and upon graduation , worked on major studio projects and independent features while writing original screenplays at night . He was a Goomba in the 1993 film Super Mario Bros. and an uncredited stunt double in The Crow . He launched his own production company in 1998 and has produced dozens of films and videos , with an emphasis on stories of honor , courage and commitment . Scott is the author of The New Dad 's Survival Guide '' , published by Little , Brown and Co. , and Co-author of `` Battle Ready : Memoir of a SEAL Warrior Medic '' , published by St. Martin 's Press . As a freelance writer , he has contributed to Indiewire , Windcheck , and Film Threat '' . Mactavish is a veteran of the United States Navy . He attended boot camp at the Recruit Training Command in San Diego , California and served with Submarine Squadron 6 , aboard the USS L.Y. Spear , and in Guantanamo Bay , Cuba .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b259887db7806f3f5e307e88e4cf3659",
"text": "List of accolades received by Star Wars: The Force Awakens Star Wars : The Force Awakens is a 2015 epic space opera film directed , co-produced , and co-written by J. J. Abrams . The seventh installment in the main Star Wars film series , and first of three in Star Wars sequel trilogy , it stars Harrison Ford , Mark Hamill , Carrie Fisher , Adam Driver , Daisy Ridley , John Boyega , Oscar Isaac , Lupita Nyong ` o , Andy Serkis , Domhnall Gleeson , Anthony Daniels , and Max von Sydow . The Force Awakens is set 30 years after Return of the Jedi ; it follows Rey , Finn , and Poe Dameron 's search for Luke Skywalker and their fight alongside the Resistance , led by veterans of the Rebel Alliance , against Kylo Ren and the First Order , a successor group to the Galactic Empire . The Force Awakens was premiered by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures in Los Angeles on December 14 , and was released in United States and Canada on December 18 , 2015 . The Force Awakens opened across 14,300 theaters , breaking numerous box-office records and became the first film to earn more than $ 100 million worldwide in a single day . The film grossed a worldwide total of over $ 2 billion on a production budget of $ 306 million becoming the highest-grossing release of 2015 , and the fastest film to earn $ 1 billion worldwide , doing so in twelve-days . The Force Awakens became the third film in history to surpass $ 2 billion worldwide ( after Avatar ( 2009 ) and Titanic ( 1997 ) ) , doing so on its 53rd day of release . Rotten Tomatoes , a review aggregator , surveyed 360 reviews and judged 92 percent to be positive . The Force Awakens garnered many awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for Abrams ' direction , its action sequences , visual effects , editing and Ridley 's and Boyega 's performances . Several awards held their nominations before the December release of The Force Awakens , making the film ineligible for the 73rd Golden Globe Awards and some other awards ceremonies . However , the film was added to the 21st Critics ' Choice Awards 's slate of best picture nominees after a special vote by the board of directors , and the announcement of the 2015 American Film Institute Awards was delayed until after the release of film , where it was named one of Top Ten Films of the year . The Force Awakens received five nominations at the 88th Academy Awards as Best Original Score , Best Sound Editing , Best Sound Mixing , Best Film Editing and Best Visual Effects . The film garnered four nominations at 69th British Academy Film Awards , and won for Best Special Visual Effects and a special BAFTA Rising Star Award for John Boyega . At the 21st Empire Awards , the film received nine nominations and won five including Best Sci-Fi/Fantasy Film , and Best Director for J.J. Abrams . The Force Awakens became the most nominated film in Saturn Awards history with total of thirteen nominations at 42nd Saturn Awards and won eight including Best Science Fiction Film , Best Director and Best Special Effects . The film received seven nominations from the Visual Effects Society , winning four including Outstanding Visual Effects in an Effects Driven Feature Motion Picture . Star Wars : The Force Awakens received eleven nominations at MTV Movie Awards , the most for the ceremony and won three including Movie of the Year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c861ee62a9673d87b11ca9f725e5e583",
"text": "Hesperian The Hesperian is a geologic system and time period on the planet Mars characterized by widespread volcanic activity and catastrophic flooding that carved immense outflow channels across the surface . The Hesperian is an intermediate and transitional period of Martian history . During the Hesperian , Mars changed from the wetter and perhaps warmer world of the Noachian to the dry , cold , and dusty planet seen today . The absolute age of the Hesperian Period is uncertain . The beginning of the period followed the end of the late heavy bombardment and probably corresponds to the start of the lunar Late Imbrian period , around 3700 million years ago ( Mya ) . The end of the Hesperian Period is much more uncertain and could range anywhere from 3200 to 2000 Mya , with 3000 Mya being frequently cited . The Hesperian Period is roughly coincident with the Earth 's early Archean Eon . With the decline of heavy impacts at the end of the Noachian , volcanism became the primary geologic process on Mars , producing vast plains of flood basalts and broad volcanic constructs ( highland paterae ) . By Hesperian times , all of the large shield volcanoes on Mars , including Olympus Mons , had begun to form . Volcanic outgassing released large amounts of sulfur dioxide ( SO2 ) and hydrogen sulfide ( H2S ) into the atmosphere , causing a transition in the style of weathering from dominantly phyllosilicate ( clay ) to sulfate mineralogy . Liquid water became more localized in extent and turned more acidic as it interacted with SO2 and H2S to form sulfuric acid . By the beginning of the Late Hesperian the atmosphere had probably thinned to its present density . As the planet cooled , groundwater stored in the upper crust ( megaregolith ) began to freeze , forming a thick cryosphere overlying a deeper zone of liquid water . Subsequent volcanic or tectonic activity occasionally fractured the cryosphere , releasing enormous quantities of deep groundwater to the surface and carving huge outflow channels . Much of this water flowed into the northern hemisphere where it probably pooled to form large transient lakes or an ice covered ocean .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "46723f9f9140780b7b0b13c7cedfc9c8",
"text": "Paul Verhoeven Paul Verhoeven ( -LSB- ˈpʌu̯l vərˈɦuvə ( n ) -RSB- ; born 18 July 1938 ) is a Dutch film director , film producer , television director , television producer , and screenwriter . Verhoeven is active in both the Netherlands and Hollywood . Explicit violent and/or sexual content and social satire are trademarks of both his drama and science fiction films . He is best known for directing the films RoboCop ( 1987 ) , Total Recall ( 1990 ) , Basic Instinct ( 1992 ) , Showgirls ( 1995 ) , Starship Troopers ( 1997 ) , and Elle ( 2016 ) . Verhoeven 's film Turkish Delight ( 1973 ) received the award for Best Dutch Film of the Century at the Netherlands Film Festival . His films altogether received a total of nine Academy Award nominations , mainly for editing and effects . Verhoeven won the Saturn Award for Best Director for Robocop . His Dutch war film Black Book ( 2006 ) was nominated for a BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language , and was voted the best Dutch film ever by the Dutch public in 2008 . In contrast , he won the Golden Raspberry Awards for Worst Picture and Worst Director for Showgirls ( 1995 ) ; he is one of the few people to have accepted their award ( s ) in person . The Seattle Times praised Verhoeven by saying , `` Director Paul Verhoeven often appears to be a one-man Dutch movie industry , '' while The San Diego Union called Verhoeven `` a busy bee whose movies pollinate the festival circuit . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "efcbcdb90d91c3bb0f7838f07ef6802c",
"text": "Rob Green (film director) Rob Green is a film director , producer , editor and screenwriter .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a44924ac1513c9ac9c0b55da50020f76",
"text": "James L. Green James Lauer Green is an American physicist who received his Ph.D. in Space Physics from the University of Iowa in 1979 and who worked at NASA since then . He began working in the Magnetospheric Physics Branch at NASA 's Marshall Space Flight Center in 1980 . At Marshall , Green developed and managed the Space Physics Analysis Network that provided scientists with access to data . From 1985 to 1992 he was the head of the National Space Science Data Center ( NSSDC ) at Goddard Space Flight Center . The NSSDC is NASA 's largest space science data archive . He was the Chief of the Space Science Data Operations Office from 1992 until 2005 , when he became the Chief of the Science Proposal Support Office . While at Goddard , Green was a co-investigator and the Deputy Project Scientist on the IMAGE mission . He has written over 100 scientific articles in refereed journals involving various aspects of the Earth 's and Jupiter 's magnetospheres and over 50 technical articles on various aspects of data systems and networks . In August 2006 , Green became the Director of the Planetary Science Division at NASA Headquarters . In that role he serves as a spokesman for NASA for planetary missions , for instance announcing the likelihood that there was once flowing water on Mars in September 2015 . Under his leadership at the Planetary Science Division , several missions have been successfully completed or launched , including the New Horizons probe to Pluto , the MESSENGER probe to Mercury , the launch of Juno probe to Jupiter , the launch of Grail A and B to the Moon , the Dawn probe to Vesta , and the landing of the Mars Science Laboratory and Curiosity rover on Mars . In 1988 , he received the Arthur S. Flemming award given for outstanding individual performance in the federal government and was awarded Japan 's Kotani Prize in 1996 in recognition of his international science data management activities . In 2016 , Green was named an Alumni Fellow of the College of Liberal Arts & Sciences ( CLAS ) at the University of Iowa . In a 2015 TED presentation , he offered a survey of the places in our solar system that are most likely to harbor alien life . In 2015 Green was a part of the NASA involvement with the film The Martian . Green , a Civil War Trust member , has written about Civil War ballooning and has spoken at the 150th anniversary of the first tether balloon ascension . He served as an advisor on the Intrepid project , an initiative to construct and fly the world 's first replica of a Civil War manned balloon , and presented a talk for its official first lift-off at the Genesee Country Village & Museum celebration in Mumford , New York on July 4 , 2012 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a05a8fff31ff099b405169519884564a",
"text": "Good Will Hunting Good Will Hunting is a 1997 American drama film , directed by Gus Van Sant , and starring Robin Williams , Matt Damon , Ben Affleck , Minnie Driver and Stellan Skarsgård . Written by Affleck and Damon ( and with Damon in the title role ) , the film follows 20-year-old South Boston laborer Will Hunting , an unrecognized genius who , as part of a deferred prosecution agreement after assaulting a police officer , becomes a client of a therapist and studies advanced mathematics with a renowned professor . Through his therapy sessions , Will re-evaluates his relationships with his best friend , his girlfriend and himself , facing the significant task of confronting his past and thinking about his future . The film received positive reviews and was a financial success . It grossed over US$ 225 million during its theatrical run with only a modest $ 10 million budget . It was nominated for nine Academy Awards , including the Academy Award for Best Picture , and won two : Best Supporting Actor for Williams and Best Original Screenplay for Affleck and Damon . After Williams ' death in 2014 , it was ranked at number 53 in The Hollywood Reporters `` 100 Favorite Films '' list .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cc96924a5cf310bead15b343fbe5c605",
"text": "Martian language Martian language is the nickname of unconventional representation of Chinese characters online . `` Martian '' describes that which seems strange to local culture . The term was popularised by a line from the 2001 Hong Kong comedy Shaolin Soccer , in which Sing ( Stephen Chow ) tells Mui ( Zhao Wei ) : `` Go back to Mars , the Earth is so dangerous . '' In the 2006 General Scholastic Ability Test of Taiwan , students were asked to interpret symbols and phrases written in `` Martian language '' , and the controversies which followed forced the testing center to abandon the practice in future exams . In 2007 , Martian language began to catch on in mainland China . The first adopters of Martian language mainly consisted of Post-90s netizens . They use it in their nicknames , short messages , and chat rooms in order to demonstrate personality differences . Later , they found that their teachers and parents could hardly figure out their new language , which quickly became their secret code to communicate with each other . The Martian language became so popular in cyberspace that even some pieces of software were created to translate between Chinese and Martian language . Chinese online bloggers followed up the trend to use Martian language , because they found that their blog posts written in the new language can easily pass Internet censorship engines , which are currently based on text-matching techniques .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2de615d218764aca1039ae71fbcd70db",
"text": "20th Satellite Awards The 20th Satellite Awards is an award ceremony honoring the year 's outstanding performers , films , and television shows , presented by the International Press Academy . It took place on February 21 , 2016 . The nominations were announced on December 1 , 2015 . The film The Martian leads all nominees with nine , including Best Film .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4e621ca2f6f159bf8d0d8732e09e8b45",
"text": "Barsoomian language Barsoomian is the constructed language of the fictional Barsoomians , the sapient humanoid inhabitants of Mars in the Barsoom series of novels by Edgar Rice Burroughs . It was developed from Burroughs ' examples and descriptions by Paul Frommer for the 2012 film John Carter of Mars ; Frommer also created the Na ' vi language for Avatar . Spoken Barsoomian has mostly lexical words , with the equivalent of grammatical words such as prepositions and pronouns conveyed telepathically . There are few inflections , and word order is fixed to verb -- subject -- object . Possession is indicated by juxtaposing the object with the possessor , as in Malay . There is a word that makes direct object definite , as in Hebrew . The vocabulary is relatively simple , with little poetic language . Some inflection is found in the pronouns . For the object , the initial consonant is suffixed : tu `` I '' , tut `` me '' ; ki `` he '' , kik `` him '' . To form the plural , the consonants are voiced : du `` we '' , dud `` us '' , gi `` they '' . The effect of the language is staccato . There are ten vowels , five long and five short , transcribed short a e i o u and long aa ey ee oa oo ; diphthongs are ao ( as in how ) and ay ( as in high ) . Consonants are similar to English ( b d j g , p t -LSB- linktʃtj -RSB- k , v z , f -LSB- linkθth -RSB- s h , r l , m n , w y ) , with the addition of the velar fricatives ch -LSB- blinkx -RSB- and gh -LSB- blinkɣ -RSB- . Consonants , both voiced and unvoiced , may also be long or short . In the books it is mentioned that Barsoomian is the only language spoken on the entire planet of Barsoom . Therefore , there never are any language barriers between different people from Barsoom , no matter what country or city on the planet they originate from . Written versions of Barsoomian however can differ greatly between different cities .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "129a58b15d022d81864f28bc2d44901c",
"text": "Howard Kazanjian Howard G. Kazanjian ( born July 26 , 1942 ) is an American film producer known for Raiders of the Lost Ark and Return of the Jedi . Kazanjian is also a former 8-year Vice President of Lucasfilm , Ltd. , and a published non-fiction author .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b08fe8f66cbcb6fc6c40b7c53a22ebe8",
"text": "Randolph Scott George Randolph Scott ( January 23 , 1898 -- March 2 , 1987 ) was an American film actor whose career spanned from 1928 to 1962 . As a leading man for all but the first three years of his cinematic career , Scott appeared in a variety of genres , including social dramas , crime dramas , comedies , musicals ( albeit in non-singing and non-dancing roles ) , adventure tales , war films , and a few horror and fantasy films . However , his most enduring image is that of the tall-in-the-saddle Western hero . Out of his more than 100 film appearances over 60 were in Westerns ; thus , `` of all the major stars whose name was associated with the Western , Scott most closely identified with it . '' Scott 's more than 30 years as a motion picture actor resulted in his working with many acclaimed screen directors , including Henry King , Rouben Mamoulian , Michael Curtiz , John Cromwell , King Vidor , Allan Dwan , Fritz Lang , and Sam Peckinpah . He also worked on multiple occasions with prominent directors : Henry Hathaway ( eight times ) , Ray Enright ( seven ) , Edwin L. Marin ( seven ) , André de Toth ( six ) , and most notably , his seven film collaborations with Budd Boetticher . Scott also worked with a diverse array of cinematic leading ladies , from Shirley Temple and Irene Dunne to Mae West and Marlene Dietrich . Tall ( 6 ft 2 1/2 in ; 189 cm ) , lanky and handsome , Scott displayed an easygoing charm and courtly Southern drawl in his early films that helped offset his limitations as an actor , where he was frequently found to be stiff or `` lumbering '' . As he matured , however , Scott 's acting improved while his features became burnished and leathery , turning him into the ideal `` strong , silent '' type of stoic hero . The BFI Companion to the Western noted : In his earlier Westerns ... the Scott persona is debonair , easy-going , graceful , though with the necessary hint of steel . As he matures into his fifties his roles change . Increasingly Scott becomes the man who has seen it all , who has suffered pain , loss , and hardship , and who has now achieved ( but at what cost ? ) a stoic calm proof against vicissitude . During the early 1950s , Scott was a consistent box-office draw . In the annual Motion Picture Herald Top Ten Polls , he ranked 10th in 1950 , seventh in 1951 , and 10th in both 1952 and 1953 . Scott also appeared in the Quigley 's Top Ten Money Makers Poll from 1950 to 1953 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3a8a8c571b1e5fe50207d408b3af4d33",
"text": "Prophets of Science Fiction Prophets of Science Fiction is an American documentary television series produced and hosted by Ridley Scott for the Science Channel . The program premiered on . The series covers the life and work of leading science fiction authors of the last couple of centuries . It depicts how they predicted and , accordingly , influenced the development of scientific advancements by inspiring many readers to assist in transforming those futuristic visions into everyday reality . The stories are told through film clips , reenactments , illustrations and interviews . The first episode received mixed reviews . Commentators appreciated the approach of combining coverage of contemporary scientific research and biographical exposition , but criticized the series as `` light on the substance and heavy on the exaggeration '' . The series ' attempts to link Mary Shelley 's Frankenstein to developments such as organ transplants , supercomputers and DNA research were described by one critic as far-fetched but by another as successful .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a9d29b037c53329c455172ac8016b34f",
"text": "Alien language in science fiction A formal description of an alien language in science fiction may have been pioneered by Percy Greg 's Martian language ( he called it `` Martial '' ) in his 1880 novel Across the Zodiac , although already the 17th century book The Man in the Moone describes the language of the Lunars , consisting `` not so much of words and letters as tunes and strange sounds '' , which is in turn predated by other invented languages in fictional societies , e.g. , in Thomas More 's Utopia . As the science fiction genre developed , so did the use of the literary trope of alien languages . Some science-fiction works operate on the premise that alien languages can be easily learned if one has a competent understanding of the nature of languages in general . For example , the protagonist of C. S. Lewis 's novel Out of the Silent Planet is able to use his training in historical linguistics to decipher the language spoken on Mars . Others work on the premise that languages with similarities can be partially understood by different species . Stanislaw Lem 's novel His Master 's Voice describes an effort by scientists to decode , translate and understand an extraterrestrial transmission . The novel critically approaches humanity 's intelligence and intentions in deciphering and truly comprehending a message from outer space . The 2014 novel Lamikorda by D. R. Merrill not only deals with differences in verbal communication , but gestures and other `` body language '' , pointing out the inextricability of language with cultural and social norms . In some cases , authors avoid linguistic questions by introducing devices into their stories that seamlessly translate between languages , to the point that the concept of different languages can largely be excluded from a franchise . Notable examples include : Douglas Adams 's babel fish The TARDIS from Doctor Who The translator microbes in Farscape The universal translator from Star Trek In other cases , the question of language is dealt with through the introduction of a universal language via which most , if not all , of the franchise 's species are able to communicate . In the Star Wars universe , for example , this language is known as Basic and is spoken by the majority of the characters , with a few notable exceptions . Other alien species take advantage of their unique physiology for communication purposes , an example being the Ithorians , who use their twin mouths , located on either side of their neck , to speak in stereo . In some franchises this universal language is an intermediary language ; one that different species can easily translate to and from their own languages , thus allowing simple communication between races . Examples of this approach include Interlac from the Legion of Super-Heroes , Babylon 5 , and the Uplift Universe , where numerous sapient species use at least twelve `` Galactic '' languages ( each version is used in communication between species that can articulate it , and that find it useful in expressing their concepts ) . Not all of these universal/intermediate languages take the form of spoken/written languages as is recognized in the human world . In the film and book Close Encounters of the Third Kind scientists use Solresol , a language based on musical tones , while in the film and book Contact , aliens send the instructions to build a machine to reach them using mathematics , which the main character calls `` the only universal language '' . Similarly , in Stargate SG-1 , the protagonists encounter a galactic meeting place where different races communicate with one another using a language based on atomic structures which is `` written '' in three dimensions rather than two . A number of long-running franchises have taken the concept of an alien language beyond that of a scripting device and have developed languages of their own . Examples include the Klingon language of the Star Trek universe ( a fully developed constructed language created by Marc Okrand ) The Zentradi language from the Macross Japanese science-fiction anime series The DC Comics , Kryptonese ( for which there exists an alphabet and language glossary ) For his 2009 science fiction film Avatar , creator and director James Cameron constructed the fictional Na ` vi language ( with the aid of college professor Paul Frommer ) for his fictional alien Na ` vi race in the film The existence of alien languages and the ease or difficulty of translation is used as a plot device or script element in a number of franchises , sometimes seriously , and sometimes for comedic value . In Star Trek VI : The Undiscovered Country , the crew is forced to speak ( broken ) Klingon without the universal translator . In the film Mars Attacks ! , the language spoken by the Martians appears to consist only of the words `` ack ! '' and `` rack ! '' spoken at different pitches and volume . The film 's universal translator consistently translates these as being offers of friendship despite the fact that the aliens ' actions are anything but friendly . In one episode of Babylon 5 , Commander Susan Ivanova gives orders to a Minbari crew in their language , and exclaims `` Ah Hell ! '' in frustration , inadvertently giving the command `` continuous fire '' in Minbari . This is identical phonetically to `` ahel '' the Minbari translation of `` continuous fire '' . In Dragon Ball Z , Bulma speaks in her usual language ( Japanese ) and thereby involuntarily activates some functions of an alien starship , as her words are identified by the ship 's computer as Namekkian orders . C. J. Cherryh 's Chanur series of books relies heavily on linguistic and psychological problems of communication between various alien races . Some examples include usage of obscure languages and cultural references to conceal information from others , imperfections of computer translation , use of pidgin and linguistic barriers , psychological concepts which do not have matches in other races ' languages , and a race so alien that it can not be understood at all without a translation by another race which itself can barely be understood due to manifold meanings in each message . In the Foreigner universe , Cherryh explores the interface between humans and Atevi , whose language relies on numerical values , causing the main character , Bren Cameron , to constantly calculate as he speaks the Atevi language , Ragi . Conversely , in The Simpsons , the fact that English is mutually understood by the show 's human and alien characters is noted as being `` an astonishing coincidence '' . Some stories , however , have alien beings speak near-unpronounceable tongues . Clark Ashton Smith , in one tale , has the sorcerer Eibon struggle to articulate the name of an alien , Hziulquoigmnzhah . Other works present detailed , concrete examples of the difficulty of learning alien languages due to linguistic relativity . In Mary Doria Russell 's philosophical/sci-fi novel The Sparrow , a linguist who travels to an alien planet as part of a Jesuit mission discovers a language with unique and ( at first ) incomprehensible tenses and conjugations . In Carl Sagan 's novel Contact ( and the subsequent film adaptation ) , a broadcast from an extraterrestrial source is discovered to contain multiple layers of encrypted messages . Ted Chiang 's short story `` Story of Your Life '' describes attempts to communicate with a technologically advanced alien species that has no apparent understanding of basic mathematics and physics . Other science fiction stories imagine communication through telepathy . There is for example the Vulcan mind meld in Star Trek . In the novel Ender 's Game , the `` Buggers '' are an alien species in which their queen can telepathically communicate with every member of her species , but no humans except Ender . The inability of the two species to effectively communicate serves as a critical element of the novel 's plot . Sheila Finch published a collection of short stories about first contact and alien communication , The Guild of Xenolinguists , ( Golden Gryphon Press ) , in 2007 . In 2008 , the game Dead Space introduced a form of alien language known as Unitology , for the religion that mainly uses it . Unitology is only shown to be written with no example or indication of a verbal dialect . In Futurama , a language exists called Alienese , which originates from an unspecified extraterrestrial source . At least one character has achieved an academic degree in xenolinguistics , which gives her the apparently rare skill of knowing how to translate between English and Alienese . In science-fiction movie Arrival scientists trying to understand aliens ' language and symbols Various works from the Cthulhu mythos of H.P. Lovecraft present short sentences , excerpts and text fragments in the language of the Old Gods , referred to as `` R'lyehian '' or `` Cthuvian '' by the fan base . Lovecraft provided translations for some of the texts and denoted Cthuvian as a thick , guttural language , but he never published any details on pronunciation and grammar , so it is not possible to communicate in Cthuvian . Based on the limited text resources , only few grammatical rules and vocabulary could be worked out by fans , which are mostly guesswork . There is no evidence that Lovecraft even had a concept for the structure of the language when writing it .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b5f4c32797741a74c1b25fa6d76b95ed",
"text": "Toy Story (franchise) Toy Story is a computer animated film series and Disney media franchise that began with the original 1995 film , Toy Story , produced by Pixar Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures . The franchise is based on the anthropomorphic concept that all toys , unknown to humans , are secretly alive , and the films focus on a diverse group of toys that feature a classic cowboy , Sheriff Woody , and modern spaceman , Buzz Lightyear . The group unexpectedly embark on adventures that challenge and change them . The first two films of the franchise were directed by John Lasseter , and the third by Lee Unkrich , who acted as the co-director of the second film ( together with Lasseter and Ash Brannon ) . Lasseter will return to direct the upcoming fourth film . All three films , produced on a total budget of $ 320 million , have grossed more than $ 1.9 billion worldwide . Each film set box office records , with the third included in the top 15 all time worldwide films . Critics have given all three films extremely positive reviews . Special Blu-ray and DVD editions of Toy Story and Toy Story 2 were released on March 23 , 2010 . They were also re-released in theaters as a Disney Digital 3-D `` double feature '' for at least two weeks in October 2009 . The series is the 24th highest-grossing franchise worldwide , the fifth highest-grossing animated franchise ( behind Shrek , Ice Age , Despicable Me and Madagascar ) , and is among the most critically acclaimed trilogies of all time . On November 1 , 2011 , all three Toy Story films were released in Disney Blu-ray 3D as a trilogy pack and as individual films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "013e3a2969fe4ac676b172d913553bf5",
"text": "John Huston John Marcellus Huston ( -LSB- ˈhjuːstən -RSB- August 5 , 1906 -- August 28 , 1987 ) was an American film director , screenwriter and actor . He wrote the screenplays for most of the 37 feature films he directed , many of which are today considered classics : The Maltese Falcon ( 1941 ) , The Treasure of the Sierra Madre ( 1948 ) , The Asphalt Jungle ( 1950 ) , The African Queen ( 1951 ) , The Misfits ( 1961 ) , Fat City ( 1972 ) and The Man Who Would Be King ( 1975 ) . During his 46-year career , Huston received 15 Oscar nominations , won twice , and directed both his father , Walter Huston , and daughter , Anjelica Huston , to Oscar wins in different films . Huston was known to direct with the vision of an artist , having studied and worked as a fine art painter in Paris in his early years . He continued to explore the visual aspects of his films throughout his career : sketching each scene on paper beforehand , then carefully framing his characters during the shooting . While most directors rely on post-production editing to shape their final work , Huston instead created his films while they were being shot , making them both more economical and cerebral , with little editing needed . Most of Huston 's films were adaptations of important novels , often depicting a `` heroic quest , '' as in Moby Dick , or The Red Badge of Courage . In many films , different groups of people , while struggling toward a common goal , would become doomed , forming `` destructive alliances , '' giving the films a dramatic and visual tension . Many of his films involved themes such as religion , meaning , truth , freedom , psychology , colonialism and war . Before becoming a Hollywood filmmaker , he had been an amateur boxer , reporter , short-story writer , portrait artist in Paris , a cavalry rider in Mexico , and a documentary filmmaker during World War II . Huston has been referred to as `` a titan '' , `` a rebel '' , and a `` renaissance man '' in the Hollywood film industry . Author Ian Freer describes him as `` cinema 's Ernest Hemingway '' -- a filmmaker who was `` never afraid to tackle tough issues head on . '' Worked for Ethos Group .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8e50128bcbd5d2f49bc495827ef5995c",
"text": "E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial is a 1982 American science fiction fantasy film co-produced and directed by Steven Spielberg , and written by Melissa Mathison . It features special effects by Carlo Rambaldi and Dennis Muren , and stars Henry Thomas , Dee Wallace , Robert MacNaughton , Drew Barrymore , Peter Coyote and Pat Welsh . It tells the story of Elliott ( Thomas ) , a lonely boy who befriends an extraterrestrial , dubbed `` E.T. '' , who is stranded on Earth . He and his siblings help it return home while attempting to keep it hidden from their mother and the government . The concept was based on an imaginary friend Spielberg created after his parents ' divorce in 1960 . In 1980 , Spielberg met Mathison and developed a new story from the stalled sci-fi horror film project Night Skies . It was shot from September to December 1981 in California on a budget of US$ 10.5 million . Unlike most films , it was shot in rough chronological order , to facilitate convincing emotional performances from the young cast . Released on June 11 , 1982 by Universal Pictures , E.T was an immediate blockbuster , surpassing Star Wars to become the highest-grossing film of all time -- a record it held for eleven years until Jurassic Park , another Spielberg-directed film , surpassed it in 1993 . It is the highest-grossing film of the 1980s . Widely regarded as one of the greatest films of all time , critics acclaimed it as a timeless story of friendship , and it ranks as the greatest science fiction film ever made in a Rotten Tomatoes survey . In 1994 , it was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry as being `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' . It was re-released in 1985 , and then again in 2002 to celebrate its 20th anniversary , with altered shots and additional scenes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b8dc9cb371d031a65fd8ad795f2bf631",
"text": "Mars Express Mars Express is a space exploration mission being conducted by the European Space Agency ( ESA ) . The Mars Express mission is exploring the planet Mars , and is the first planetary mission attempted by the agency . `` Express '' originally referred to the speed and efficiency with which the spacecraft was designed and built . However `` Express '' also describes the spacecraft 's relatively short interplanetary voyage , a result of being launched when the orbits of Earth and Mars brought them closer than they had been in about 60,000 years . Mars Express consists of two parts , the Mars Express Orbiter and the Beagle 2 , a lander designed to perform exobiology and geochemistry research . Although the lander failed to fully deploy after it landed on the Martian surface , the orbiter has been successfully performing scientific measurements since early 2004 , namely , high-resolution imaging and mineralogical mapping of the surface , radar sounding of the subsurface structure down to the permafrost , precise determination of the atmospheric circulation and composition , and study of the interaction of the atmosphere with the interplanetary medium . Due to the valuable science return and the highly flexible mission profile , Mars Express has been granted six mission extensions , the latest until the end of 2016 . Some of the instruments on the orbiter , including the camera systems and some spectrometers , reuse designs from the failed launch of the Russian Mars 96 mission in 1996 ( European countries had provided much of the instrumentation and financing for that unsuccessful mission ) . The design of Mars Express is based on ESA 's Rosetta mission , on which a considerable sum was spent on development . The same design was also used for the Venus Express mission in order to increase reliability and reduce development cost and time . Because of these redesigns and repurposings , the total cost of the project was about $ 345 million - less than half of comparable U.S. missions . On 19 October 2014 , the ESA reported the Mars Express is healthy after the Comet Siding Spring flyby of Mars on 19 October 2014 -- as are , as well , all NASA Mars orbiters and ISRO 's orbiter , the Mars Orbiter Mission . Arriving at Mars in 2003 , ago ( and counting ) , it is the second longest surviving , continually active spacecraft in orbit around a planet other than Earth , behind only NASA 's still active 2001 Mars Odyssey .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
2479d94ffcbcc526528d1e5284d093ea
|
Asset management is a common practice in the financial industry.
|
[
{
"docid": "53ec753d8efc4954c117c3102d139780",
"text": "Asset management Asset management , broadly defined , refers to any system that monitors and maintains things of value to an entity or group . It may apply to both tangible assets ( such as buildings ) and to intangible assets such as human capital , intellectual property , goodwill and/or financial assets ) . Asset management is a systematic process of deploying , operating , maintaining , upgrading , and disposing of assets cost-effectively . The term is most commonly used in the financial sector to describe people and companies that manage investments on behalf of others . These include , for example , investment managers that manage the assets of a pension fund . Alternative views of asset management in the engineering environment are : the practice of managing assets to achieve the greatest return ( particularly useful for productive assets such as plant and equipment ) , and the process of monitoring and maintaining facilities systems , with the objective of providing the best possible service to users in all dimensions ( appropriate for public infrastructure assets ) .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "07ee2f34d866eb4a50fd8033aaf7307a",
"text": "Corporate law Corporate law ( also `` company '' or `` corporations '' law ) is the practice or study of how shareholders , directors , employees , creditors , and other stakeholders such as consumers , the community , and the environment interact with one another . Corporate law is a part of a broader companies law ( or law of business associations ) . Other types of business associations can include partnerships ( in the UK governed by the Partnership Act 1890 ) , or trusts ( like a pension fund ) , or companies limited by guarantee ( like some community organizations or charities ) . Under corporate law , corporations of all sizes have separate legal personality , with limited or unlimited liability for its shareholders . Shareholders control the company through a board of directors which , in turn , typically delegates control of the corporation 's day-to-day operations to a full-time executive . Corporate law deals with firms that are incorporated or registered under the corporate or company law of a sovereign state or their subnational states . The four defining characteristics of the modern corporation are : Separate legal personality of the corporation ( access to tort and contract law in a manner similar to a person ) Limited liability of the shareholders ( a shareholder 's personal liability is limited to the value of their shares in the corporation ) Shares ( if the corporation is a public company , the shares are traded on a stock exchange ) Delegated management ; the board of directors delegates day-to-day management of the company to executives In many developed countries outside of the English speaking world , company boards are appointed as representatives of both shareholders and employees to `` codetermine '' company strategy . Corporate law is often divided into corporate governance ( which concerns the various power relations within a corporation ) and corporate finance ( which concerns the rules on how capital is used ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "32c88301ae1b707a8536afad802f4c12",
"text": "Functional Strategy Functional strategy - organizational plans prepared for various functional areas of a company 's organizational structure ( e.g. , marketing strategy , financial strategy , production strategy etc. ) . Functional strategies can be part of overall corporate strategy or serve as separate plans of strategy cascading/implementation within a functional area . Some common functional strategies are : Production strategy ( `` make or buy '' ) - defines what the company produces itself , and that purchases from suppliers or partners , that is , how far worked out the production chain . Financial Strategy - to select the main source of funding : the development of their own funds ( depreciation , profit , the issue of shares , etc. ) or through debt financing ( bank loans , bonds , commodity suppliers ' credits , etc. ) . Organizational strategy - decision on the organization of the staff ( choose the type of organizational structure , compensation system , etc. ) . others , such as : research and development ( R & D ) strategy , investment strategy , etc. . In addition , each of the functional strategies can be divided into components . For example , organizational strategy can be divided into three components : strategy of building organizations - to select the type of structure ( divisional , functional , project , etc. ) ; strategy to work with the staff - a way of training ( mainly administrative staff ) , training of staff ( in a business or educational institutions ) , career planning , etc. ; strategy of remuneration ( wages , rewards and penalties ) - in particular , the approach to the compensation of senior managers ( salary , bonuses , profit sharing , etc. ) . Responsible for implementation of the strategy at the functional level are senior specialists ( Ch . Engineer , Director of Finance ) . At the enterprise level - CEO , general director or director of the department , at the level of groups of companies - a collegiate body ( board of directors ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "43d60d0e841f0175dfe1b6afd9600b88",
"text": "Risk parity Risk parity ( or risk premia parity ) is an approach to investment portfolio management which focuses on allocation of risk , usually defined as volatility , rather than allocation of capital . The risk parity approach asserts that when asset allocations are adjusted ( leveraged or deleveraged ) to the same risk level , the risk parity portfolio can achieve a higher Sharpe ratio and can be more resistant to market downturns than the traditional portfolio . Roughly speaking , the approach of building a risk parity portfolio is similar to creating a minimum-variance portfolio subject to the constraint that each asset ( or asset class , such as bonds , stocks , real estate , etc. ) contributes equally to the portfolio overall volatility . Risk parity can also be a generalized term that denotes a variety of investment systems and techniques that utilize its principles . The principles of risk parity are applied differently according to the investment style and goals of various financial managers and yield different results . Some of its theoretical components were developed in the 1950s and 1960s but the first risk parity fund , called the All Weather fund , was pioneered in 1996 . In recent years many investment companies have begun offering risk parity funds to their clients . The term , risk parity , came into use in 2005 and was then adopted by the asset management industry . Risk parity can be seen as either a passive or active management strategy . Interest in the risk parity approach has increased since the late 2000s financial crisis as the risk parity approach fared better than traditionally constructed portfolios , as well as many hedge funds . Some portfolio managers have expressed skepticism about the practical application of the concept and its effectiveness in all types of market conditions but others point to its performance during the financial crisis of 2007-2008 as an indication of its potential success .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2ada83aac57999faacebe3e2b52d7155",
"text": "Fixed asset register A fixed asset register ( FAR ) is essentially nothing more than a list of fixed assets that belong to an accounting entity . Traditionally the fixed asset register was maintained in a written format by a bookkeeper using a book that was set aside specifically for that purpose . Nowadays it is more often held in electronic format in an accounting system . The main purpose of a fixed asset register is to keep track of the book value of the assets and allow depreciation to be calculated and recorded for both management and taxation purposes . A secondary purpose is to allow for the easy identification of an asset by assigning each asset a unique ID which may be printed on labels in the form of a barcode .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c82f118d319b875ccd78c40feb3abec2",
"text": "Professional accounting body A professional accounting body is an organization or association of accountants in a particular jurisdiction . Usually a person needs to be a member of such professional body to hold out to the public of the jurisdiction as an accountant . The designations for qualified accountants vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction , such as Chartered Accountant ( CA ) , Chartered Certified Accountant ( ACCA ) , Chartered Professional Accountant ( CPA ) , Certified Public Accountant ( CPA ) , Certified Practising Accountant ( CPA ) , Certified Management Accountant ( CMA ) , Cost & Management Accountant ( CMA ) , Certified Commercial Professional Accountant ( CCPA ) . For Example in UK Certain bodies , known under the Companies Acts 1989 and 2006 as Recognised Qualifying Bodies ( RQBs ) , award the qualifications necessary for audit work , as an entry requirement . A similar but not identical list of Recognised Supervisory Bodies ( RSBs ) may authorise their members to carry out company audits . The six RQBs in relation to company auditing under the Companies Acts are : -LSB- 1 -RSB- Association of Chartered Certified Accountants ( ACCA ) Association of International Accountants ( AIA ) Chartered Accountants Ireland ( CAI ) Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales ( ICAEW ) Institute of Chartered Accountants of Scotland ( ICAS ) Chartered Institute of Public Finance and Accountancy ( CIPFA ) since 2006 -LSB- 2 -RSB- but currently in abeyance -LSB- 1 -RSB- Category : Accounting organizations",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "15b24b79a3099396c4a410ed8157c80c",
"text": "Diversified financial Diversified financials is a specific category of the Global Industry Classification Standard ( GICS ) that is used by the financial community . It includes a range of consumer and commercially oriented companies offering a wide variety of financial products and services , including various lending products ( such as home equity loans and credit cards ) , insurance , and securities and investment products . Many of these firms in this category are non-banking financial companies , specialist organisations like stock exchanges or financial holding companies that were created through consolidation of banks , insurance companies and brokerage firms to become universal banks .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6b1de582408c1dc460543ecbfd9b8022",
"text": "PIMCO Pacific Investment Management Company , LLC ( commonly called PIMCO ) , is an American investment management firm headquartered in Newport Beach , California , with over 2,000 employees working in 13 offices across 12 countries , and $ 1.51 trillion in assets under management as of 30 June 2016 . The company provides mutual funds and other portfolio management and asset allocation solutions for millions of investors worldwide . PIMCO offers a broad list of investment strategies that encompass the entire risk spectrum and capital structure , including core bonds and credit , structured credit , alternatives , real assets , equities and currencies . PIMCO oversees investments on behalf of millions of clients , including retirement savers , public and private pension plans , educational institutions , central banks and government agencies , foundations and endowments and financial intermediaries among others . The firm , a prominent thought leader in the financial markets , is known to have coined and popularized the phrase `` The New Normal '' in the aftermath of the subprime mortgage crisis in 2009 . `` The new normal '' as a standalone phrase has a long history dating to the post-First World War era and then seeing a new resurgence in use in the post 9/11 era . More recently , PIMCO introduced `` The New Neutral '' thesis to characterize a period of lower but stable economic growth , and interest rates to remain lower than historically for a longer period of time . In April 2015 , PIMCO announced the hire of former Federal Reserve Chairman , Dr. Ben Bernanke as a Senior Advisor , following in the footsteps of predecessor Federal Reserve Chairman , Alan Greenspan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0b51c7df6240990940353bac7c3454cc",
"text": "Remisier A remisier ( also known as a Commissioned Dealer 's Representative ) is an agent of a stockbroking company and receives a commission for each transaction handled ( as compared with a paid dealer 's representative , who is a direct employee of a stockbroking company and whose remuneration structure is based on a fixed monthly salary ) . Although the origin of the word is French ( `` remisier '' means `` an intermediary '' ) , and although remisiers are still a feature of the Paris Bourse , the term is now most commonly used in the context of the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange ( or Bursa Malaysia ) and the Singapore Stock Exchange . Historically , remisiers first appeared in the region during the colonial period in Malaya ( the collective name comprising the Crown Colonies of Malacca , Penang and Singapore ; the Federated Malay States ; and the Unfederated Malay States ) , where they dealt primarily in rubber and tin-related companies that were listed on the London Stock Exchange , on behalf of Malaya-based clients . From the point of view of the stockbroking companies , the use of remisiers allowed them to generate additional trading volumes and revenues without the need to incur a fixed cost base or the need to build a customer base directly . From the point of view of the remisier , the additional financial burden of having to bear -- or recompense to the stockbroking company - his or her own operational costs ( in today 's context , this may include the rental of office space and ancillary costs , telecommunications costs , and computer hardware and software costs ) is outweighed by the potential for substantial commission income through his or her 40 % share of the trading commission . In addition , a remisier remains the gatekeeper for his or her own client relationships . The relationship between remisiers and their stockbroking company were originally based on loose arrangements which varied substantially , both within the industry at large and also within each firm . As the Malaysian and Singaporean stock markets evolved , the respective regulatory bodies implemented the introduction of standard remisiers ' agreements governing the relationship between all remisiers and member companies in the stockbroking industry ( under these standard agreements , the remisier is regarded as an agent of the stockbroking company to trade in securities in the name of the company . This relationship was not made explicit in the previous arrangements between remisiers and stockbrokers ) . In regulatory terms , both remisiers and dealer 's representatives are covered by the same licence ( a dealer 's representative 's licence ) to enable them to interact with clients and trade shares . The remisier is responsible for any losses which may be incurred by the stockbroking company arising from any securities transaction dealt through him or her . Each remisier has to post a deposit with the stockbroking company to cover clients ' losses in the event of default ; this security deposit is segregated from other assets that are kept by the stockbroking company on behalf of the clients . The stockbroking company is required to take all relevant and reasonable action against clients for the recovery of indebtedness which should be reimbursed to the remisier in the event that the remisier 's security deposit has been utilised towards the satisfaction of indebtedness . Remisiers play an important role on the KLSE and SES , not only in terms of increasing distribution and providing additional liquidity to the market , but also through their role in educating and advising retail investors and the public at large .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6d6c5e91c28ef072558a86521e49ae87",
"text": "Asset recovery Asset recovery , also known as investment or resource recovery , is the process of maximizing the value of unused or end-of-life assets through effective reuse or divestment . While sometimes referred to in the context of a company that is being liquidated , Asset recovery is also used to describe the process of liquidating excess inventory , refurbished items , and equipment returned at the end of a lease . Asset recovery can also refer to the task of recovery of assets that have been wrongfully taken either stolen , fraudulently misappropriated or otherwise disposed of to remove them from their rightful owner . Asset recovery has three main elements -- identification , redeployment , and divestment .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "67481a8549ac0086751721e72438c552",
"text": "Profit taking In finance , profit taking ( or taking profits ) is the practice of selling an asset , mostly shares , when the asset has risen in price . This allows investors to convert the increase of an asset 's market value into cash . Profit taking by a number of investors normally causes the price of the asset in question to fall temporarily . Nevertheless , the occasion of profit taking itself indicates an upward market trend .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "101d4765849b7b6deca109ef6992477e",
"text": "Money market As money became a commodity , the money market became a component of the financial markets for assets involved in short-term borrowing , lending , buying and selling with original maturities of one year or less . Trading in money markets is done over the counter and is wholesale . There are several money market instruments , including treasury bills , commercial paper , bankers ' acceptances , deposits , certificates of deposit , bills of exchange , repurchase agreements , federal funds , and short-lived mortgage - and asset-backed securities . The instruments bear differing maturities , currencies , credit risks , and structure and thus may be used to distribute exposure . Money markets , which provide liquidity for the global financial system , and capital markets make up the financial market .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ee65c27aa6f90e3412399796b16c229b",
"text": "Restructuring Restructuring is the corporate management term for the act of reorganizing the legal , ownership , operational , or other structures of a company for the purpose of making it more profitable , or better organized for its present needs . Other reasons for restructuring include a change of ownership or ownership structure , demerger , or a response to a crisis or major change in the business such as bankruptcy , repositioning , or buyout . Restructuring may also be described as corporate restructuring , debt restructuring and financial restructuring . Executives involved in restructuring often hire financial and legal advisors to assist in the transaction details and negotiation . It may also be done by a new CEO hired specifically to make the difficult and controversial decisions required to save or reposition the company . It generally involves financing debt , selling portions of the company to investors , and reorganizing or reducing operations . The basic nature of restructuring is a zero-sum game . Strategic restructuring reduces financial losses , simultaneously reducing tensions between debt and equity holders to facilitate a prompt resolution of a distressed situation . Corporate debt restructuring is the reorganization of companies ' outstanding liabilities . It is generally a mechanism used by companies which are facing difficulties in repaying their debts . In the process of restructuring , the credit obligations are spread out over longer duration with smaller payments . This allows company 's ability to meet debt obligations . Also , as part of process , some creditors may agree to exchange debt for some portion of equity . It is based on the principle that restructuring facilities available to companies in a timely and transparent matter goes a long way in ensuring their viability which is sometimes threatened by internal and external factors . This process tries to resolve the difficulties faced by the corporate sector and enables them to become viable again . Steps : Ensure the company has enough liquidity to operate during implementation of a complete restructuring Produce accurate working capital forecasts Provide open and clear lines of communication with creditors who mostly control the company 's ability to raise financing Update detailed business plan and considerations",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "68f56f592043148c7a09483ccccdfd75",
"text": "ISO 10962 ISO 10962 defines the structure and format for classification of financial instruments approved by the International Organization for Standardization ( ISO ) . There are many types of Financial Instruments used for saving , investing , trading , hedging and speculating . These instruments are generally organized in groups called `` asset classifications . '' The most common asset classifications are generally described using terms like `` Equities ( Stocks ) , '' `` Debt ( Bonds ) , '' `` Derivatives ( Contracts ) , '' `` Currencies , '' and a few other generalized terms . ISO 10962 provides a global standard for these classifications in the form of specific codes . Classification of financial instrument ( CFI ) Code is used to define and describe financial instruments as a uniform set of codes for all market participants . The code is issued by the members of ANNA , the Association of National Numbering Agencies . The group is currently working to simplify the structure so that it can be adopted more widely by non-governmental market participants . The alphabetical characters in each position of this 6 character code reflect specific characteristics intrinsic to the financial instruments that are defined at the issue of the instrument , and which in most cases remain unchanged during the lifetime of the instrument ( or by the market on which the instrument trades ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ed64a435b3ab950a817224938adbf958",
"text": "Intangible asset finance Intangible Asset Finance is the branch of finance that deals with intangible assets such as patents ( legal intangible ) and reputation ( competitive intangible ) . Like other areas of finance , intangible asset finance is concerned with the interdependence of value , risk , and time .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5343056f1e5cc37f1d1351213c9e68ec",
"text": "List of mutual-fund families in the United States The following is a limited list of mutual-fund families in the United States . A family of mutual funds is a group of funds that are marketed under one or more brand names , usually having the same distributor ( the company which handles selling and redeeming shares of the fund in transactions with investors ) , and investment advisor ( which is usually a corporate cousin of the distributor ) . There are several hundred families of registered mutual funds in the United States , some with a single fund and others offering dozens . Many fund families are units of a larger financial services company such as an asset manager , bank , stock brokerage , or insurance company . Additionally , multiple funds in a family can be part of the same corporate structure ; that is , one underlying corporation or business trust may divide itself into more than one fund , each of which issues shares separately . __ TOC __",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "88587d75ca21974d5bacf6a9a444e901",
"text": "Financial technology Financial technology , also known as FinTech , is an industry composed of companies that use new technology and innovation with available resources in order to compete in the marketplace of traditional financial institutions and intermediaries in the delivery of financial services . Financial technology companies consist of both startups and established financial and technology companies trying to replace or enhance the usage of financial services of incumbent companies .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0c28e9385b862f07fd97eebb05db68cb",
"text": "Intellectual capital Intellectual capital is the intangible value of a business , covering its people ( human capital ) , the value inherent in its relationships ( Relational capital ) , and everything that is left when the employees go home ( Structural capital ) , of which Intellectual property ( IP ) is but one component . It is the sum of everything everybody in a company knows that gives it a competitive edge . The term is used in academia in an attempt to account for the value of intangible assets not listed explicitly on a company 's balance sheets . On a national level intellectual capital refers to National Intangible Capital NIC . A second meaning that is used in academia and was adopted in large corporations is focused on the recycling of knowledge via Knowledge management , Intellectual capital is used in the context of assessing the wealth of organizations . A metric for the value of intellectual capital is the amount by which the enterprise value of a firm exceeds the value of its tangible ( physical and financial ) assets . Directly visible on corporate books is capital embodied in its physical assets and financial capital ; however all three make up the value of an enterprise . Measuring the real value and the total performance of intellectual capital 's components is a critical part of running a company in the knowledge economy and Information Age . Understanding the intellectual capital in an enterprise allows leveraging of its intellectual assets . For a corporation , the result will optimize its stock price . The IFRS ( International Financial Reporting Standards ) committee developed the International Accounting System 38 with the purpose of prescribing the accounting treatment for intangible assets . IAS 38.8 defines an intangible asset as an identifiable non-monetary asset without physical substance . An asset is a resource that is controlled by the entity as the result of past events ( for example purchase or self-creation ) and from which future economic benefits ( inflows of cash or other benefits ) are expected .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b8324a156b3d3e52994d1366fd2cc08b",
"text": "Income trust An income trust is an investment that may hold equities , debt instruments , royalty interests or real properties . The trust can receive interest , royalty or lease payments from an operating entity carrying on a business , as well as dividends and a return of capital . The main attraction of income trusts ( in addition to certain tax preferences for some investors ) is their stated goal of paying out consistent cash flows for investors , which is especially attractive when cash yields on bonds are low . They are especially useful for financial requirements of institutional investors such as pension funds. , and for investors such as retired individuals seeking yield . Many investors are attracted by the fact that income trusts are not allowed to make forays into unrelated businesses : if a trust is in the oil and gas business it can not buy casinos or motion picture studios . The names income trust and income fund are sometimes used interchangeably , even though most trusts have a narrower scope than funds . Income trusts are most commonly seen in Canada . The closest analogue in the United States to the business and royalty trusts would be the master limited partnership .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1c9fab7a781f34a2b57a0140d18667fa",
"text": "Concentrated stock Concentrated stock is an equity making up a substantial part ( usually , more than 30 % ) of the investor 's portfolio . The major risk associated with such a portfolio is a lack of diversification ; concentrated stock makes a large portion of the investor 's wealth dependent on the performance of one particular stock . The reasons for keeping a concentrated stock may be restrictions for sale ( see restricted stock ) , emotional attachment , donation , inheritance , stock options , and the selling of businesses .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7d85554ac17893f3487d1fed4e35688d",
"text": "Investment trust An investment trust is a form of collective investment found mostly in the United Kingdom . Investment trusts are closed-end funds and are constituted as public limited companies . In many respects , the investment trust was the progenitor of the investment company in the U.S. The name is somewhat misleading , given that ( according to law ) an investment `` trust '' is not in fact a `` trust '' in the legal sense at all , but a separate legal person or a company . This matters for the fiduciary duties owed by the trustees and the equitable ownership of the fund 's assets .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
b60da76397d0f6a15abcae23b5bbdfd7
|
Marion Cotillard played a French cabaret singer in La Vie en Rose (2007).
|
[
{
"docid": "87b4f3c3385683fb00f2c4534e68ccdf",
"text": "Édith Piaf Édith Piaf ( -LSB- edit pjaf -RSB- ; 19 December 1915 -- 10 October 1963 ; born Édith Giovanna Gassion ) was a French cabaret singer , songwriter , and actress who became widely regarded as France 's national chanteuse , as well as being one of France 's greatest international stars . Her music was often autobiographical with her singing reflecting her life , and her specialty being chanson and torch ballads , particularly of love , loss and sorrow . Among her well-known songs are `` La Vie en rose '' ( 1946 ) , `` Non , je ne regrette rien '' ( 1960 ) , `` Hymne à l'amour '' ( 1949 ) , `` Milord '' ( 1959 ) , `` La Foule '' ( 1957 ) , '' '' ( 1955 ) , and `` Padam ... Padam ... '' ( 1951 ) . Since her death in 1963 and with the aid of several biographies and films including 2007 's Academy Award winning La Vie en rose , Piaf has acquired a legacy as one of the greatest performers of the 20th century , and her voice and music continue to be celebrated globally .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "92e9ed966026002795ccac078ece4c1a",
"text": "Marion Cotillard Marion Cotillard ( -LSB- ma.ʁjɔ̃ kɔ.ti.jaʁ -RSB- ; born 30 September 1975 ) is a French actress , singer-songwriter , musician , environmentalist and spokesperson for Greenpeace who achieved international fame with the film La Vie en Rose ( 2007 ) . She is the recipient of an Academy Award , a BAFTA Award , a Golden Globe Award , two César Awards , a European Award , and a Lumières Award . Cotillard has appeared in more than 50 feature films and is also known for being the face of Lady Dior handbags since 2008 . She became a Knight of the Order of Arts and Letters in France in 2010 and promoted to Officer in 2016 . Was named `` The Most Bankable French Actress of the 21st Century '' in 2014 , and described as `` the great silent film actress of our time '' by The Daily Telegraph 's Robbie Collin , for her ability to show emotions only with her eyes and facial expressions , although she has never appeared in a silent film . She received France 's highest honor and was made a Knight of the Legion of Honour in 2016 . Cotillard had her first English-language role in the TV series Highlander in 1993 , made her film debut in The Story of a Boy Who Wanted to Be Kissed ( 1994 ) , her first leading role in the TV film Chloé ( 1996 ) , and made her breakthrough in France playing Lilly Bertineau in the action-comedy Taxi ( 1998 ) , which earned her a César Award nomination for Most Promising Actress and was her first box office hit . She made her Hollywood debut as Joséphine Bloom in Tim Burton 's Big Fish ( 2003 ) . Since 2003 , Cotillard has alternated between French and English-language roles in mainstream and art-house productions , and has received international acclaim and awards for her performances in films such as Tina Lombardi in A Very Long Engagement ( 2004 ) , for which she won her first César Award for Best Supporting Actress . For her portrayal of the French singer Édith Piaf in the biopic La Vie en Rose ( 2007 ) , Cotillard achieved worldwide recognition and won her second César Award , a BAFTA Award , a Golden Globe Award , a Lumières Award and the Academy Award for Best Actress , becoming the first and ( as of 2017 ) only actor to win an Academy Award for a performance in French , and also the second actress and one of only six actors to have won this award for a part spoken in a foreign language . Her performance of Luisa Contini in the musical film Nine ( 2009 ) , earned her a second Golden Globe nomination . She next starred in Michael Mann 's Public Enemies ( 2009 ) as Billie Frechette , and played Mal in Christopher Nolan 's Inception ( 2010 ) . In 2012 , she received widespread critical acclaim for her performance as the double amputee orca trainer Stéphanie in Rust and Bone ( 2012 ) , and was nominated for the Golden Globes , BAFTAs , Critics ' Choice , Screen Actors Guild and the César Awards . She was highly acclaimed and awarded for her lead performances in The Immigrant ( 2013 ) and Two Days , One Night ( 2014 ) , receiving a second Academy Award nomination for Best Actress for the latter , which was also her second nomination for a French-language film and the first time an actor was nominated for a Belgian film . Cotillard became one of only six actors to receive multiple Academy Award nominations for foreign-language performances . Cotillard played Joan of Arc on stage in different countries between 2005 and 2015 in the oratorio Jeanne d'Arc au bûcher . Her English-language roles include Fanny Chenal in A Good Year ( 2006 ) , Adriana in Midnight in Paris ( 2011 ) , Dr. Leonora Orantes in Contagion ( 2011 ) , Miranda Tate in The Dark Knight Rises ( 2012 ) , Lady Macbeth in Macbeth ( 2015 ) , Marianne Beausejour in Allied ( 2016 ) and Dr. Sofia Rikkin in Assassin 's Creed ( 2016 ) . She provided voice acting for animated films as The Rose in The Little Prince ( 2015 ) , April in April and the Extraordinary World ( 2015 ) and Scarlet Overkill in the French version of Minions ( 2015 ) . Her other notable French and Belgian films include La Belle Verte ( 1996 ) , Furia ( 1999 ) , War in the Highlands ( 1999 ) , Lisa ( 2001 ) , Pretty Things ( 2001 ) , Love Me If You Dare ( 2003 ) , Innocence ( 2004 ) , Toi et Moi ( 2006 ) and Dikkenek ( 2006 ) .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "b03c9cdbcb771024d0d1f3945bc20781",
"text": "Coccinelle Jacqueline Charlotte Dufresnoy ( 23 August 1931 -- 9 October 2006 ) , better known by her stage name Coccinelle , was a French actress and entertainer . She was transsexual , and was the first widely publicized post-war sexual reassignment case in Europe , where she was an international celebrity and a renowned club singer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "844b417ad0b59e1ab016c2287c1e6572",
"text": "Maid in Paris Maid in Paris ( French : Paris canaille ) is a 1956 French comedy film directed by Pierre Gaspard-Huit and starring Dany Robin , Daniel Gélin and Tilda Thamar . The screenplay concerns a young woman who visits Paris and falls in love with a police officer there .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4f57dc435486221f0bf42a23e5f1695f",
"text": "Marie-Hélène Lentini Marie-Hélène Lentini is a French actress and comedian .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2b86460c3d128e59856cba6a21c85564",
"text": "Greta Keller Margaretha `` Greta '' Keller ( February 8 , 1903 -- November 11 , 1977 ) was a cabaret singer and actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d1bc0f5a0871fcd013f6ed595e3f7985",
"text": "When I Was a Singer When I Was a Singer ( Quand j' étais chanteur ) is a 2006 French musical romantic drama film starring Gérard Depardieu and Cécile de France . It was written and directed by Xavier Giannoli .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1001750783dc7c28854877693d0bfe8f",
"text": "Viva la vie Viva la vie is a 1984 French film directed by Claude Lelouch .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7dc3a2ca964edf5e1e4f3d4759fab099",
"text": "Catherine Allégret Catherine Allégret ( born 16 April 1946 ) is a French actress . She is the daughter of Simone Signoret and Yves Allégret . In 2004 , she published a book titled World Upside Down ( Un monde à l'envers ) in which she contended that she had been sexually abused by her stepfather Yves Montand since the age of 5 . In 2007 , she portrayed Édith Piaf 's grandmother Louise Gassion in Olivier Dahan 's biopic La Vie En Rose ( La Môme in French ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "da80da86c2bed3f797b6aaa3bed86595",
"text": "Chantal Neuwirth Chantal Heuwirth ( born 1948 ) is a French actress , who also played on theatre .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a40344b7ca7c9334f86e9b06f5e6dcab",
"text": "Rita Cadillac Rita Cadillac ( born Nicole Yasterbelsky ; 18 May 1936 , Paris -- 5 April 1995 , Deauville ) was a French dancer , singer , and actress . Cadillac started her music career as an accordionist under the alias `` Rita Rella '' at the age of 13 . In 1952 , she was a pin-up model and took the name `` Rita Cadillac '' at Crazy Horse where she began to work as an exotic dancer . She was also a dancer of Folies Bergère in the 1950s . Cadillac appeared in many French films such as Soirs de Paris ( 1954 ) , Porte océane ( 1958 ) , La prostitution ( 1962 ) , Un clair de lune à Maubeuge ( 1962 ) , and Any Number Can Win ( 1963 ) , becoming a renowned figure throughout Europe . In 1981 , she appeared in the miniseries and film Das Boot , as the club singer Monique , in the town of La Rochelle .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c71053c6dcea1f9b5eadc527eda6f660",
"text": "2007 in French television This is a list of French television related events from 2007 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "52579a79e957db904a2db2aa0d4ae201",
"text": "Cabaret (1953 film) Cabaret is a 1953 Spanish musical film directed by Eduardo Manzanos Brochero and starring Fernando Rey , Nati Mistral and José Bódalo .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f7e3f24868307c880c2f5bdbcf58e425",
"text": "La Vie Bohème `` La Vie Bohème '' ( The Bohemian Life ) is a song , which is broken into two parts ( `` La Vie Bohème A '' and `` La Vie Bohème B '' ) , in the musical Rent . The song is a celebration of bohemianism , especially the type present in the 1980s Alphabet City , Manhattan , and begins with a mocking of the character Benny 's statement that `` Bohemia is dead '' . In between the two halves of the song is an interlude featuring a romantic duet with Roger and Mimi ( `` I Should Tell You '' ) , during which they each learn that the other is HIV + and tentatively decide to begin a relationship together . In the stage musical , the second part of this song opens with a brief dialogue between Maureen and Joanne in which Joanne tells of the riot in the lot . The song then continues with the celebration of bohemianism from the first part of the song . Like the first part , the second part of La Vie Bohème lists many ideas , trends , and other symbols of bohemianism . It is a song featuring the characters of Rent holding a toast to bohemianism and shouting out what/who inspires them such as jazz poet Langston Hughes and counterculture-era comedian Lenny Bruce .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5a652596df6384a5bae8c4ec63b32c81",
"text": "Annie Grégorio Annie Grégorio ( born 4 April 1957 ) is a French film and theatrical actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f29c80bedf4d6e15980ba6e46fb42c72",
"text": "Humanitaire! Humanitaire ! is a 2007 film .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9ebad71a49d2673a5b6bb1d121a292ad",
"text": "Dumè Dominique Mattei ( born in 1981 in Marseille , France ) better known by the stage name Dumè is a French singer , composer and actor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f3c9ee468df76a865e376234bf22dcca",
"text": "C'est la vie (Khaled song) `` C'est la vie '' is a song by Algerian raï singer Khaled . It was produced by Moroccan-Swedish producer RedOne and released on Universal Music Division AZ becoming a summer hit for Khaled in France in 2012 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e1b066b9c06ebee661059e6a161d5b85",
"text": "The Red Rose The Red Rose ( original title `` La Rose rouge '' ) is a French comedy film from 1951 , directed by Marcello Pagliero , written by Robert Scipion and starring Françoise Arnoul and Louis de Funès .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e37cdd4478b5836607c9fbf853f28a42",
"text": "Stolen Kisses Stolen Kisses ( Baisers volés ) is a 1968 French romantic comedy-drama film directed by François Truffaut starring Jean-Pierre Léaud and Claude Jade . It continues the story of the character Antoine Doinel , whom Truffaut had previously depicted in The 400 Blows and the short film Antoine and Colette . In this film , Antoine begins his relationship with Christine Darbon , which is depicted further in the last two films in the series , Bed & Board and Love on the Run . The original French title of the film comes from a line in Charles Trenet 's song `` Que reste-t-il de nos amours ? '' which is also used as the film 's signature tune . The film was nominated for Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film . The film begins with a pan onto the locked gates of the Cinémathèque Française then based at the Palais du Chaillot . On the gates there is a sign ` Relache ' ( ` Closed ' ) . This is Truffaut 's reference to the Affaire Langlois when the head of the Cinémathèque had been sacked by the French government . He was eventually reinstated after filmmakers like Truffaut used all their wiles to foment protest .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "385eaa47473bfb4745066135ff868164",
"text": "Christiane Singer Christiane Singer ( 1943 in Marseille -- 4 April 2007 in Vienna at age 64 ) was a French writer , essayist and novelist .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1e8ca5a091d49bddff86c500b817eb3a",
"text": "Les Bêtises (film) Les Bêtises is a 2015 French comedy film written and directed by Rose and Alice Philippon .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
2dbf74143938efc83688b4679515ff96
|
William McKinley was a United States citizen.
|
[
{
"docid": "c5e479597257631dd5f8c26deb9be017",
"text": "William McKinley William McKinley Jr. ( January 29 , 1843 -- September 14 , 1901 ) was an American politician and lawyer who served as the 25th President of the United States from March 4 , 1897 until his assassination in September 1901 , six months into his second term . McKinley led the nation to victory in the Spanish -- American War , raised protective tariffs to promote American industry , and maintained the nation on the gold standard in a rejection of inflationary proposals . McKinley was the last president to have served in the American Civil War , and the only one to have started the war as an enlisted soldier , beginning as a private in the Union Army and ending as a brevet major . After the war , he settled in Canton , Ohio , where he practiced law and married Ida Saxton . In 1876 , he was elected to Congress , where he became the Republican Party 's expert on the protective tariff , which he promised would bring prosperity . His 1890 McKinley Tariff was highly controversial ; which together with a Democratic redistricting aimed at gerrymandering him out of office , led to his defeat in the Democratic landslide of 1890 . He was elected Ohio 's governor in 1891 and 1893 , steering a moderate course between capital and labor interests . With the aid of his close adviser Mark Hanna , he secured the Republican nomination for president in 1896 , amid a deep economic depression . He defeated his Democratic rival , William Jennings Bryan , after a front-porch campaign in which he advocated `` sound money '' ( the gold standard unless altered by international agreement ) and promised that high tariffs would restore prosperity . Rapid economic growth marked McKinley 's presidency . He promoted the 1897 Dingley Tariff to protect manufacturers and factory workers from foreign competition , and in 1900 , he secured the passage of the Gold Standard Act . McKinley hoped to persuade Spain to grant independence to rebellious Cuba without conflict , but when negotiation failed , he led the nation into the Spanish -- American War of 1898 ; the U.S. victory was quick and decisive . As part of the peace settlement , Spain turned over to the United States its main overseas colonies of Puerto Rico , Guam , and the Philippines ; Cuba was promised independence , but at that time remained under the control of the U.S. Army . The United States annexed the independent Republic of Hawaii in 1898 and it became a U.S. territory . Historians regard McKinley 's 1896 victory as a realigning election , in which the political stalemate of the post -- Civil War era gave way to the Republican-dominated Fourth Party System , which began with the Progressive Era . McKinley defeated Bryan again in the 1900 presidential election , in a campaign focused on imperialism , protectionism , and free silver . However , his legacy was quickly cut short when he was shot on September 6 , 1901 by Leon Czolgosz , a second-generation Polish-American with anarchist leanings ; McKinley died eight days later , and was succeeded by his Vice President Theodore Roosevelt . As an innovator of American interventionism and pro-business sentiment , McKinley 's presidency is generally considered above average , though his universally positive public perception was soon overshadowed by Roosevelt .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "f1623cf227fd97167ce7ab2297710342",
"text": "Inauguration of Franklin Pierce The inauguration of Franklin Pierce as the 14th President of the United States was held on Friday , March 4 , 1853 on the East Portico at the United States Capitol in Washington , D.C. . The inauguration marked the commencement of Franklin Pierce 's only four-year term as President and William R. King 's only term as Vice President . Chief Justice Roger B. Taney administered the presidential oath of office . Pierce affirmed the oath of office rather than swear it , and was also the first president to recite his inaugural address from memory . Ill with tuberculosis , King was in Cuba in an effort to recover in the warmer climate , and was not able to be in Washington to take his oath of office on March 4 . By a Special Act of Congress , he was allowed to take the oath outside the United States , and was sworn in on March 24 , 1853 . He is the only vice president to be sworn in in a foreign country . King died days into his term , and the office remained vacant for the balance of it . ( Prior to ratification of the Twenty-fifth Amendment in 1967 , no constitutional provision existed for filling an intra-term vacancy in the vice presidency . )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bf899940b5b4e5c00ccec8e14dfbd99f",
"text": "List of Presidents of the United States who were Freemasons Of the 44 people who have been President of the United States , roughly one-third ( 14 , or by some counts 15 * ) were Freemasons . Along with the presidents listed below , Lyndon Johnson had been initiated into the 1st Degree of Freemasonry ( an `` Entered Apprentice '' ) but did not advance any further and did not become a full member of his lodge , Ronald Reagan was made an honorary Freemason , and Bill Clinton as a youth was a member of the Order of DeMolay . * - Because of LBJ 's initiation into the fraternal organization , many lists of Freemason Presidents include him , with a total of 15 . ( It can also be noted that some historians state that David Rice Atchison , member of Platte Lodge No. 56 , Mo , served as `` Ex-officio president '' for one day : March 4 , 1849 . )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d07ca56e75b1ace354098839a5810621",
"text": "Texas annexation The Texas annexation was the 1845 incorporation of the Republic of Texas into the United States of America , which was admitted to the Union as the 28th state on December 29 , 1845 . The Republic of Texas declared independence from the Republic of Mexico on March 2 , 1836 . At the time the vast majority of the Texian population favored the annexation of the Republic by the United States . The leadership of both major American political parties , the Democrats and the Whigs , opposed the introduction of Texas , a vast slave-holding region , into the volatile political climate of the pro- and anti-slavery sectional controversies in Congress . Moreover , they wished to avoid a war with Mexico , whose government refused to acknowledge the sovereignty of its rebellious northern province . With Texas 's economic fortunes declining by the early 1840s , the President of the Texas Republic , Sam Houston , arranged talks with Mexico to explore the possibility of securing official recognition of independence , with Great Britain mediating . In 1843 , U.S. President John Tyler , unaligned with any political party , decided independently to pursue the annexation of Texas in a bid to gain a base of popular support for another four years in office . His official motivation was to outmaneuver suspected diplomatic efforts by the British government for emancipation of slaves in Texas , which would undermine slavery in the United States . Through secret negotiations with the Houston administration , Tyler secured a treaty of annexation in April 1844 . When the documents were submitted to the US Senate for ratification , the details of the terms of annexation became public and the question of acquiring Texas took center stage in the presidential election of 1844 . Pro-Texas-annexation southern Democratic delegates denied their anti-annexation leader Martin Van Buren the nomination at their party 's convention in May 1844 . In alliance with pro-expansion northern Democratic colleagues , they secured the nomination of James K. Polk , who ran on a pro-Texas Manifest Destiny platform . In June 1844 , the Senate , with its Whig majority , soundly rejected the Tyler -- Texas treaty . The pro-annexation Democrat Polk narrowly defeated anti-annexation Whig Henry Clay in the November 1844 presidential election . In December 1844 , lame-duck President Tyler called on Congress to pass his treaty by simple majorities in each house . The Democratic-dominated House of Representatives complied with his request by passing an amended bill expanding on the pro-slavery provisions of the Tyler treaty . The Senate narrowly passed a compromise version of the House bill ( by the vote of the minority Democrats and several southern Whigs ) , designed to provide the incoming President-elect Polk the options of immediate annexation of Texas or new talks to revise the annexation terms of the House-amended bill . On March 1 , 1845 , President Tyler signed the annexation bill , and on March 3 ( his last day in office ) , he forwarded the House version to Texas , offering immediate annexation ( which preempted Polk ) . When Polk took office the next day , he encouraged Texas to accept the Tyler offer . Texas ratified the agreement with popular approval from Texans . The bill was signed by Polk on December 29 , 1845 , accepting Texas as the 28th state of the Union . Texas formally relinquished its sovereignty to the United States on February 19 , 1846 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "afb9a29fcddbb48509c8594d5b40e610",
"text": "Dawes Act The Dawes Act of 1887 ( also known as the General Allotment Act or the Dawes Severalty Act of 1887 ) , adopted by Congress in 1887 , authorized the President of the United States to survey American Indian tribal land and divide it into allotments for individual Indians . Those who accepted allotments and lived separately from the tribe would be granted United States citizenship . The Dawes Act was amended in 1891 , in 1898 by the Curtis Act , and again in 1906 by the Burke Act . The Act was named for its creator , Senator Henry Laurens Dawes of Massachusetts . The objectives of the Dawes Act were to lift the Native Americans out of poverty , to stimulate assimilation of them into mainstream American society , and to transfer lands under Indian control to white settlers . Individual household ownership of land and subsistence farming on the European-American model was seen as an essential step . The act provided that the government would classify as `` excess '' those Indian reservation lands remaining after allotments , and sell those lands on the open market , allowing purchase and settlement by non-Native Americans . The Dawes Commission , set up under an Indian Office appropriation bill in 1893 , was created to try to persuade the Five Civilized Tribes to agree to allotment plans . ( They had been excluded from the Dawes Act by their treaties . ) This commission registered the members of the Five Civilized Tribes on what became known as the Dawes Rolls . The Curtis Act of 1898 amended the Dawes Act to extend its provisions to the Five Civilized Tribes ; it required abolition of their governments , allotment of communal lands to people registered as tribal members , and sale of lands declared surplus , as well as dissolving tribal courts . This completed the extinguishment of tribal land titles in Indian Territory , preparing it to be admitted to the Union as the state of Oklahoma . During the ensuing decades , the Five Civilized Tribes lost 90 million acres of former communal lands , which were sold to non-Natives . In addition , many individuals , unfamiliar with land ownership , became the target of speculators and criminals , were stuck with allotments that were too small for profitable farming , and lost their household lands . Tribe members also suffered from the breakdown of the social structure of the tribes . During the Great Depression , the Franklin D. Roosevelt administration supported passage on June 18 , 1934 of the US Indian Reorganization Act ( also known as the Wheeler-Howard Law ) . It ended land allotment and created a `` New Deal '' for Indians , renewing their rights to reorganize and form their self-governments .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "66d472da30543ee97a8c9c4a4354a516",
"text": "United States–Central America Treaty The United States -- Central America Treaty ( formally , the Treaty of Peace , Amity , Commerce , and Navigation between the United States of America and the Federal Republic of Central America ) is an 1825 treaty between the United States and the Federal Republic of Central America . It was the second bilateral U.S. treaty concluded with a sovereign state in the Americas . The treaty was concluded on 5 December 1825 in Washington , D.C. by U.S. Secretary of State Henry Clay and Central American ambassador Antonio José Cañas . The treaty was ratified by both countries and it entered into force on 2 August 1826 when ratifications were exchanged in Guatemala City . The treaty was patterned after the 1824 Anderson -- Gual Treaty between the U.S. and Gran Colombia . Like the Anderson -- Gual Treaty , the 1825 treaty granted reciprocal most-favored-nation trading status . The articles of the treaty that addressed commercial and navigation matters expired after 12 years . When the Federal Republic of Central America formally ceased to exist in 1847 , the treaty lost its legal force .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "69855537935a9447d64adafb91fa5efb",
"text": "Taft Commission The Taft Commission , also known as Second Philippine Commission ( Filipino : Ikalawang Komisyon ng Pilipinas ) was established by United States President William McKinley on March 16 , 1900 following the recommendations of the First Philippine Commission . The Second Commission was at first the sole legislative body of the Philippines , then known as the Philippine Islands under the sovereign control of the United States , while still under the Philippine -- American War . After the passage of the Philippine Organic Act in 1902 , the Commission functioned as a House of bicameral legislature until it was supplanted in 1916 by an elected legislature established in 1916 by the Philippine Autonomy Act . William Howard Taft was the first head of the Philippine Commission , a post he filled between March 16 , 1900 and July 4 , 1901 , after which the commission head also became the Civil Governor of the Philippines . He held the post until January 31 , 1904 after he was appointed as the Secretary of War by Pres. Theodore Roosevelt . The Philippine Commission was subsequently headed by a number of persons , but is often mentioned informally and collectively as the `` Taft Commission '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "357c4f9ea0a160bd617676217e25c73a",
"text": "William Howard Taft III William Howard Taft III ( August 7 , 1915 -- February 23 , 1991 ) was an American diplomat who served as United States Ambassador to Ireland from 1953 to 1957 , and was a grandson of President William Howard Taft and First Lady Helen Louise `` Nellie '' Taft .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a9476097ad199026e3daf377853755aa",
"text": "Rafael Nieto Abeillé Rafael Nieto Abeillé , born in Cuba and educated in Spain , while serving as a prosecutor in Matanzas , Cuba , was appointed in 1896 as a trial judge in San Juan , Puerto Rico . Months later , he was appointed as a prosecutor before Puerto Rico 's highest appellate court before being appointed as a magistrate on the court in 1898 . In July 1899 , under United States rule , military governor Davis appointed him as Puerto Rico 's Attorney General , a post that he held until April 1900 . A speaker of the English language , he helped improve communications between Davis and the legal profession . After the 1900 Foraker Act went into effect , President William McKinley on June 5 appointed him as Associate Justice of the new Supreme Court of Puerto Rico . However , he resigned nine months later , on February 26 , 1901 , to return to his native Cuba to serve in that country 's court system until his death on January 10 , 1916 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9f8eae82a811d860f395f9b32b466621",
"text": "Cultural assimilation of Native Americans The cultural assimilation of Native Americans was an assimilation effort by the United States to transform Native American culture to European -- American culture between the years of 1790 -- 1920 . George Washington and Henry Knox were first to propose , in an American context , the cultural transformation of Native Americans . They formulated a policy to encourage the `` civilizing '' process . With increased waves of immigration from Europe , there was growing public support for education to encourage a standard set of cultural values and practices to be held in common by the majority of citizens . Education was viewed as the primary method in the acculturation process for minorities . Americanization policies were based on the idea that when indigenous people learned United States ( American ) customs and values , they would be able to merge tribal traditions with American culture and peacefully join the majority of the society . After the end of the Indian Wars , in the late 19th and early 20th centuries , the government outlawed the practice of traditional religious ceremonies . It established Native American boarding schools which children were required to attend . In these schools they were forced to speak English , study standard subjects , attend church , and leave tribal traditions behind . The Dawes Act of 1887 , which allotted tribal lands in severalty to individuals , was seen as a way to create individual homesteads for Native Americans . Land allotments were made in exchange for Native Americans ' becoming US citizens and giving up some forms of tribal self-government and institutions . It resulted in the transfer of an estimated total of 93 e6acre from Native American control . Most was sold to individuals or given out free through the Homestead law , or given directly to Indians as individuals . The Indian Citizenship Act of 1924 was also part of Americanization policy ; it gave full citizenship to all Indians living on reservations . The leading opponent of forced assimilation was John Collier , who directed the federal Office of Indian Affairs from 1933 to 1945 , and tried to reverse many of the established policies .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ef1eaf5ef473a1a46a5c968e0abb2494",
"text": "Mutual Defense Assistance Act The Mutual Defense Assistance Act was a United States Act of Congress signed by President Harry S. Truman on 6 October 1949 . For US Foreign policy , it was the first U.S. military foreign aid legislation of the Cold War era , and initially to Europe . The Act followed Truman 's signing of the Economic Cooperation Act ( the Marshall Plan ) , on April 3 , 1948 , which provided non-military , economic reconstruction and development aid to Europe . The Act was reauthorized in 1950 , but in 1951 , it and the Economic Cooperation Act were succeeded by the Mutual Security Act , and its newly created independent agency , the Mutual Security Administration , to supervise all foreign aid programs , including both military assistance programs and non-military , economic assistance programs that bolstered the defense capability of U.S. allies . About the same time , the Mutual Defense Assistance Control Act of 1951 , also known or referred to as the Battle Act , ( 65 Stat . 644 ; 22 U.S.C. 1611 et seq. ) was also passed ; it banned U.S. assistance to countries doing business with the Soviet Union and was so-named after its sponsor , Representative Laurie C. Battle of Alabama . Strong motivation for this ` control ' act also came from export control concerns , following their tightening by the Export control Act of 1949 over Soviet advances ; export controls were used for both domestic policy and later as an instrument of foreign policy . This is exemplified by the restrictions on export of certain strategic or military items to the Soviet bloc or to other countries which it felt , if permitted , would be detrimental to the foreign policy program of the US . This latter motive became so strong that it brought legislation directing the President to enlist the cooperation of other nations in enacting controls on trade with the Soviet block to parallel those of the United States . The benefits of the various economic and military aid programs were to be withheld from non-cooperating nations . The act covered a wide range of materials needed for the production of weapons , and was especially focused on anything that could aid atomic weapons research and construction . As the Cold War developed , these acts were part of the American policy of containment of Communism . They importantly provided defense assistance to any ally that might be attacked by the Soviet Union or one of its allies , while other programs provided non-military economic assistance . In Asia the programs expanded with the newly established Maoist People 's Republic of China , and other areas , with the development of specific country missions , including ones in Austria ( 1947 -- 50 ) , China ( 1946 -- 48 ) , Ireland ( 1948 -- 51 ) , and Trieste ( 1947 -- 52 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "348074346c57c092353893f19ed4549b",
"text": "Philippines–United States relations Philippines -- United States relations ( Filipino : Ugnayang Pilipinas at Estados Unidos ) are bilateral relations between the United States of America and its former colony , the Republic of the Philippines . The relationship between the United States and the Philippines has historically been strong and has been described as a Special Relationship . The current Philippine president Rodrigo Duterte , however , is supportive of a foreign policy that is less dependent on the United States , favoring one that prioritizes closer relations with China instead . The Philippines is one of the oldest Asian partners of the U.S. and a strategically major non-NATO ally . The United States was consistently ranked as one of the Philippines ' favorite nations in the world , with 90 % of Filipinos viewing the U.S. and 91 % viewing Americans favorably in 2002 , 90 % of Filipinos viewing U.S. influence positively in 2011 , 85 % of Filipinos viewing the U.S. and Americans favorably in 2013 , and 92 % of Filipinos viewing the U.S. favorably in 2015 , and 89 % having confidence in United States president , Barack Obama in 2014 , making the Philippines the most pro-American country in the world . On October 20 , 2016 , the President of the Philippines announced a `` separation '' from the US , both militarily and economically , in favor of alliances with China and Russia . This article discusses Philippine -- American relations after Philippine independence from the United States in 1946 , while the article History of the Philippines ( 1898 -- 1946 ) describes the history of the Philippines during American colonial rule .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4475d7b2a7494593a1188209b70ad4db",
"text": "United States Senate The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress which , along with the United States House of Representatives , the lower chamber , composes the legislature of the United States of America . The composition and powers of the Senate are established by Article One of the United States Constitution . The Senate is composed of senators who represent each of the several states , with each state being equally represented by two senators , regardless of their population , serving staggered terms of six years ; with fifty states presently in the Union , there are 100 U.S. Senators . From 1789 until 1913 , Senators were appointed by legislatures of the states they represented ; following the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913 , they are now popularly elected . The Senate chamber is located in the north wing of the Capitol , in Washington , D.C. As the upper house , the Senate has several powers of advice and consent which are unique to it ; these include the ratification of treaties , the confirmation of Cabinet secretaries , Supreme Court justices , federal judges , other federal executive officials , flag officers , regulatory officials , ambassadors , and other federal uniformed officers . In addition to these , in cases wherein no candidate receives a majority of electors for Vice President , the duty befalls upon the Senate to elect one of the top two recipients of electors for that office . It further has the responsibility of conducting trials of those impeached by the House . The Senate is widely considered both a more deliberative and more prestigious body than the House of Representatives due to its longer terms , smaller size , and statewide constituencies , which historically led to a more collegial and less partisan atmosphere . The presiding officer of the Senate is the Vice President of the United States , who is President of the Senate ; in their absence , the President Pro Tempore , who is customarily the senior member of the controlling party , presides over the Senate . In the early 20th century , the practice of majority and minority parties electing their floor leaders began , although they are not constitutional officers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f6f63689b34b2fc9c6b98c7d887da3a8",
"text": "Whitelaw Reid Whitelaw Reid ( October 27 , 1837 -- December 15 , 1912 ) was an American politician and newspaper editor , as well as the author of a popular history of Ohio in the Civil War . After assisting Horace Greeley as editor of the powerful Republican newspaper , the New York Tribune , Reid purchased the paper after Greeley 's death in 1872 and controlled it until his own death . The circulation grew to about 60,000 a day , but the weekly edition became less important . He invested heavily in new technology , such as the Hoe rotary printing press and the linotype machine , but bitterly fought against the unionized workers for control of his shop . As a famous voice of the Republican Party , he was honored with appointments as ambassador to France and Great Britain , as well as numerous other honorific positions . Reid served as the party 's nominee for Vice President of the United States in the 1892 election . In 1898 , President William McKinley appointed him to the American commission that negotiated peace with Spain after the Spanish -- American War .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9aea1fef8c08b583e46dcf0d8ff32bdd",
"text": "McKinley McKinley may refer to :",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b9228c7b0c6f9d4a26462eeeb6326842",
"text": "1893 State of the Union Address The 1893 State of the Union Address was written on December 4 , 1893 , by Grover Cleveland , the 24th United States President , to both houses of Congress . It was his fifth address , and his fifth year in office . He said , `` It is believed that under the recent amendment of the act extending the time for registration the Chinese laborers thereto entitled who desire to reside in this country will now avail themselves of the renewed privilege thus afforded of establishing by lawful procedure their right to remain , and that thereby the necessity of enforced deportation may to a great degree be avoided . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "41110c55c3ff761f51a9bb721bcbdf1f",
"text": "Presidency of William McKinley The presidency of William McKinley began on March 4 , 1897 at noon Eastern Standard Time , when William McKinley was inaugurated as President of the United States , and ended on September 14 , 1901 , upon his assassination and death , days into his second term . McKinley , a Republican , was succeeded by Vice President Theodore Roosevelt . The 25th United States president , he took office following the 1896 presidential election , in which he defeated Democrat William Jennings Bryan , after a front-porch campaign in which he advocated `` sound money '' , promised that high tariffs would restore prosperity , and denounced Bryan 's radicalism and class warfare . He defeated Bryan again in the 1900 presidential election , in a campaign focused on imperialism , protectionism , and free silver . McKinley 's presidency marked the beginning of an era in American political history from the mid -- 1890s to 1932 that was generally dominated by the Republican Party . McKinley led the nation to victory in the Spanish -- American War , took ownership of Hawaii , the Philippines and Puerto Rico , restored prosperity , promoted pluralism among all groups , raised protective tariffs to promote American industry , and maintained the nation on the gold standard in a rejection of inflationary proposals . Rapid economic growth marked his presidency . He promoted the 1897 Dingley Tariff to protect manufacturers and factory workers from foreign competition , and in 1900 , he secured the passage of the Gold Standard Act . McKinley hoped to persuade Spain to grant independence to rebellious Cuba without conflict , but when negotiation failed , he led the nation in the Spanish -- American War of 1898 ; the U.S. victory was quick and decisive . As part of the peace settlement , Spain turned over to the United States its main overseas colonies of Puerto Rico , Guam , and the Philippines ; Cuba was promised independence , but for a time remained under the control of the U.S. Army . The United States annexed the independent Republic of Hawaii in 1898 and it became a U.S. territory . As an innovator of American interventionism and pro-business sentiment , McKinley 's presidency is generally ranked above average . Historian Lewis L. Gould argues that McKinley was effective in domestic and foreign affairs and was `` the first modern president '' :",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "65c5e76a8a4e9d243f49b747249a050b",
"text": "Wendell Willkie Wendell Lewis Willkie ( born Lewis Wendell Willkie ; February 18 , 1892 -- October 8 , 1944 ) was an American lawyer and corporate executive , and the 1940 Republican nominee for President . Willkie appealed to many convention delegates as the Republican field 's only interventionist : although the U.S. remained neutral prior to Pearl Harbor , he favored greater U.S. involvement in World War II to support Britain and other Allies . His Democratic opponent , incumbent President Franklin D. Roosevelt , won the 1940 election with about 55 % of the popular vote and took the electoral college vote by a wide margin . Willkie was born in Indiana in 1892 ; both his parents were lawyers , and he also became one . He served in World War I but was not sent to France until the final days of the war , and saw no action . Willkie settled in Akron , Ohio , where he was initially employed by Firestone , but left for a law firm , becoming one of the leaders of the Akron bar . Much of his work was representing electric utilities , and in 1929 Willkie accepted a job in New York City as counsel for Commonwealth & Southern Corporation ( C&S ) , a utility holding company . He was rapidly promoted , and became corporate president in 1933 . Roosevelt was sworn in as U.S. president soon after Willkie became head of C&S , and announced plans for a Tennessee Valley Authority ( TVA ) that would supply power in competition with C&S . Between 1933 and 1939 , Willkie fought against the TVA before Congress , in the courts , and before the public . He was ultimately unsuccessful , but sold C&S 's property for a good price , and gained public esteem . A longtime Democratic activist , Willkie changed his party registration to Republican in late 1939 . He did not run in the 1940 presidential primaries , but positioned himself as an acceptable choice for a deadlocked convention . He sought backing from uncommitted delegates , while his supporters -- many youthful -- enthusiastically promoted his candidacy . As German forces under Hitler rampaged through western Europe in 1940 , many Republicans did not wish to nominate an isolationist like Thomas E. Dewey , and turned to Willkie , who was nominated on the sixth ballot over Ohio Senator Robert A. Taft . Willkie 's support for aid to Britain removed it as a major factor in his race against Roosevelt , and Willkie also backed the president on a peacetime draft . Both men took more isolationist positions towards the end of the race . Roosevelt won an unprecedented third term , taking 38 of the 48 states . After the election , Willkie made two wartime foreign trips as Roosevelt 's informal envoy , and as nominal leader of the Republican Party gave the president his full support . This angered many conservatives , especially as Willkie increasingly advocated liberal or internationalist causes . Willkie ran for the Republican nomination in 1944 , but bowed out after a disastrous showing in the Wisconsin primary in April . He and Roosevelt discussed the possibility of forming , after the war , a liberal political party , but Willkie died in October 1944 before the idea could bear fruit . Willkie is remembered for giving Roosevelt vital political assistance in 1940 , which allowed the president to aid Britain in its time of crisis .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fa4bf0d83d0249f3515810de6419995c",
"text": "William McKendree Springer William McKendree Springer ( May 30 , 1836 -- December 4 , 1903 ) was a United States Representative from Illinois . He was born near New Lebanon , Sullivan County , Indiana , May 30 , 1836 ; moved to Jacksonville , Illinois , with his parents in 1848 ; attended the public schools in New Lebanon and Jacksonville and the Illinois College at Jacksonville where he was a member of Phi Alpha Literary Society ; graduated from Indiana University in 1858 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 1859 and practiced in Lincoln , Illinois and Springfield , Illinois ; was secretary of the State constitutional convention in 1862 at the young age of 26 and briefly served as assistant secretary of the state 's senate ; traveled in Europe 1868-1871 ; was member of the Illinois House of Representatives in 1871 and 1872 ; elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth and to the nine succeeding Congresses ( March 4 , 1875 -- March 3 , 1895 ) . During his service in Congress he was involved in the investigation of election frauds during the Hayes-Tilden campaign . He was chairman , Committee on Expenditures in the Department of State ( Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses ) , Committee on Elections ( Forty-sixth Congress ) , Committee on Expenditures in the Department of Justice ( Forty-eighth Congress ) , Committee on Claims ( Forty-ninth Congress ) , Committee on Territories ( Fiftieth Congress ) , Committee on Ways and Means ( Fifty-second Congress ) , Committee on Banking and Currency ( Fifty-third Congress ) . While on the Committee on Territories Springer framed the bills that organized Oklahoma Territory and also created a federal judicial system for the Indian Territory . Springer created an Amendment as a `` rider '' to the Indian Appropriations Act for 1890 . The Springer Amendment began the process of placing the Unassigned Lands of Indian Territory within the federal public domain and open to homesteaders . He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1894 to the Fifty-fourth Congress . He again resumed the practice of law in Washington , D.C. , in 1895 . He was appointed by President Grover Cleveland as a United States judge for the northern district of Indian Territory and chief justice of the United States Court of Appeals of Indian Territory . In 1900 Springer left his judicial post to establish law offices in both Chicago and Washington , D.C. . He also worked for the National Livestock Association as their lobbyist , where he became exposed to the Kiowa reserve grasslands . Though the Springer Amendment helped to open up Indian lands to homesteaders , in 1901 William Springer was hired by two Kiowa Indians ( later to include numerous other Indians from the KCA tribes ) from the Kiowa , Comanche , Apache Reservation to represent them in what became the court case of Lone Wolf v. Hitchcock , 187 U.S. 553 ( 1903 ) . Springer had aided in the writing of a memorial to the President protesting the 1900 Act that resulted from the Jerome Agreement between the Indians from the Kiowa , Comanche , and Apache Reservation and the members of the Jerome Commission . In the Jerome Agreement the tribes of the KCA Reservation ceded most of their lands to the United States who would then open it up for allotment to white settlers . Lone Wolf asserted and Springer argued on his behalf in court that 1 . ) The Kiowa , Comanche , and Apache Indians were fraudulently induced to sign the Jerome Agreement and those that did sign did not fully understand its provisions vastly because , like Lone Wolf , most of the Indians did not speak English and relied on interpreters . 2 . ) The Jerome Agreement was not signed by three-fourths of the adult male members of the tribes as required by the Medicine Lodge Treaty . Lone Wolf alleged that the total number of Indian males exceeded the number claimed by the Indian Agent and that the census of 1900 showed there were 639 adult male members of the KCA tribes on the reservation . Thus the Jerome Agreement was twenty-three signatures short of the required amount . 3 . ) The KCA 's had protested the agreement from the beginning . 4 . ) The version that was ratified by Congress had been significantly altered and amended and the changes made had not been submitted to the KCA for their approval . Springer argued for Lone Wolf that Congress should not be able to unilaterally alter the provisions of the agreement without the Indians ' consent and thus the Act should be rejected . On July 22 , 1901 Springer , who was also aided by attorneys Hays McMeehan , William C. Reeves , and Charles Porter Johnson , filed for a temporary restraining order and a permanent injunction halting the cession and the opening of surplus lands after the members of the KCA tribes had been given their individual allotments . The request for the restraining order was denied by Judge Clinton F. Irwin . Springer and his colleagues appeal to The Supreme Court for the District of Columbia where on June 21 , 1901 Justice A. C. Bradley denied the KCA 's application for a temporary injunction . Springer appealed the District Court 's decision to the Court of Appeals of the District of Columbia where the decision in the lower courts was upheld on December 4 , 1901 , by Chief Justice Alvey . Finally , Springer , now aided by attorney Hampton Carson who was hired by the Indian Rights Association , appealed to the United States Supreme Court and where once again he was unsuccessful in his appeal . On January 5 , 1903 , in a unanimous decision , the Court affirmed the Court of Appeals and upheld the Congressional action . The Court rejected the Indians ' argument that Congress ' action was a taking under the Due Process Clause of the Fifth Amendment . Justice Edward D. White described the Indians as the wards of the nation and matters involving Indian lands were the sole jurisdiction of Congress . Congress therefore had the power to abrogate the provisions of an Indian treaty , including the two million acre change . Justice John M. Harlan concurred in the judgment . This case maintained that the federal government had always had plenary power over tribes and could unilaterally abrogate Indian treaty rights despite the protests of the tribes . Springer unsuccessfully challenged the federal income tax levied during the Civil War in the case of Springer v. United States . William Springer died on December 4 , 1903 ; and was buried in Oak Ridge Cemetery , Springfield , Illinois . Bibliography : Dictionary of American Biography .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "59a0d1e1c1d374e952ff20745df9cc71",
"text": "United States presidential election in Wisconsin, 1900 The 1900 United States presidential election in Wisconsin was held on November 6 , 1900 . Wisconsin voters chose twelve electors to the Electoral College , who voted for President and Vice President . Republican Party candidate William McKinley won the state with 60 % of the popular vote , winning Wisconsin 's twelve electoral votes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5b4ce884dfd45b2deaa88c7ab9ce5ac7",
"text": "Robert A. Taft Robert Alphonso Taft ( September 8 , 1889 -- July 31 , 1953 ) was a conservative American politician , statesman , and presidential hopeful who served as a United States Senator from Ohio from 1939 until his death in 1953 . A member of the Republican Taft political family , he was the elder son of William Howard Taft ( the 27th President of the United States and 10th Chief Justice of the United States ) . Taft was the Senate 's main opponent of Franklin Roosevelt 's New Deal domestic policies . After the president 's death , Taft successfully led the conservative coalition 's efforts to curb the power of labor unions . Taft was a leading advocate of non-interventionism in foreign policy . He failed in his quests to win the Republican Party 's presidential nomination in 1940 , 1948 , and 1952 . Throughout that period he battled New York Governor Thomas E. Dewey ( leader of the moderate `` Eastern Establishment '' ) for control of the party . Taft 's biographer , James T. Patterson , portrayed Taft as honest , conscientious , courageous , dignified , and highly intelligent but also faulted Taft 's competitiveness , lack of public-relations skills , and extreme partisanship . A 1957 Senate committee named Taft as one of America 's five greatest senators , along with Henry Clay , Daniel Webster , John C. Calhoun , and Robert M. La Follette , Sr. .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
19a03a5e25ad5cf8bacf43bb41065ed3
|
On average, Antarctica has the highest average elevation of all the continents.
|
[
{
"docid": "b070ac9fd5dc8de584a17857b876f5b3",
"text": "Antarctica Antarctica ( UK English -LSB- ænˈtɑːktɪkə -RSB- or -LSB- ænˈtɑːtɪkə -RSB- , US English -LSB- æntˈɑːrktɪkə -RSB- ) is Earth 's southernmost continent . It contains the geographic South Pole and is situated in the Antarctic region of the Southern Hemisphere , almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle , and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean . At 14000000 km2 , it is the fifth-largest continent . For comparison , Antarctica is nearly twice the size of Australia . About 98 % of Antarctica is covered by ice that averages 1.9 km in thickness , which extends to all but the northernmost reaches of the Antarctic Peninsula . Antarctica , on average , is the coldest , driest , and windiest continent , and has the highest average elevation of all the continents . Antarctica is a desert , with annual precipitation of only 200 mm ( 8 in ) along the coast and far less inland . The temperature in Antarctica has reached − 89.2 ° C ( − 128.6 ° F ) , though the average for the third quarter ( the coldest part of the year ) is − 63 ° C ( − 81 ° F ) . Anywhere from 1,000 to 5,000 people reside throughout the year at the research stations scattered across the continent . Organisms native to Antarctica include many types of algae , bacteria , fungi , plants , protista , and certain animals , such as mites , nematodes , penguins , seals and tardigrades . Vegetation , where it occurs , is tundra . Although myths and speculation about a Terra Australis ( `` Southern Land '' ) date back to antiquity , Antarctica is noted as the last region on Earth in recorded history to be discovered and colonised by humans , being only first sighted in 1820 by the Russian expedition of Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen and Mikhail Lazarev on Vostok and Mirny , who sighted the Fimbul ice shelf . The continent , however , remained largely neglected for the rest of the 19th century because of its hostile environment , lack of easily accessible resources , and isolation . In 1895 , the first confirmed landing was conducted by a team of Norwegians . Antarctica is a de facto condominium , governed by parties to the Antarctic Treaty System that have consulting status . Twelve countries signed the Antarctic Treaty in 1959 , and thirty-eight have signed it since then . The treaty prohibits military activities and mineral mining , prohibits nuclear explosions and nuclear waste disposal , supports scientific research , and protects the continent 's ecozone . Ongoing experiments are conducted by more than 4,000 scientists from many nations .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "bcbdcf1ca4319bf0b331c244a7ffb556",
"text": "Antarctic Circumpolar Current The Antarctic Circumpolar Current ( ACC ) is an ocean current that flows clockwise from west to east around Antarctica . An alternative name for the ACC is the West Wind Drift . The ACC is the dominant circulation feature of the Southern Ocean and has a mean transport of 100-150 Sverdrups ( Sv , million m ³ / s ) , making it the largest ocean current . More recent research even puts this number at over 173 Sv . The current is circumpolar due to the lack of any landmass connecting with Antarctica and this keeps warm ocean waters away from Antarctica , enabling that continent to maintain its huge ice sheet . Associated with the Circumpolar Current is the Antarctic Convergence , where the cold Antarctic waters meet the warmer waters of the subantarctic , creating a zone of upwelling nutrients . These nurture high levels of phytoplankton with associated copepods and krill , and resultant foodchains supporting fish , whales , seals , penguins , albatrosses and a wealth of other species . The ACC has been known to sailors for centuries ; it greatly speeds up any travel from west to east , but makes sailing extremely difficult from east to west ; though this is mostly due to the prevailing westerly winds . The circumstances preceding the mutiny on the Bounty and Jack London 's story `` Make Westing '' poignantly illustrated the difficulty it caused for mariners seeking to round Cape Horn on the clipper ship route between New York and California . The clipper route , which is the fastest sailing route around the world , follows the ACC around three continental capes -- Cape Agulhas ( Africa ) , South East Cape ( Australia ) and Cape Horn ( South America ) . The current creates the Ross and Weddell gyres .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7f440e9c960397933b691c5e2338ebe8",
"text": "Extreme points of the Antarctic This is a list of the extreme points of the Antarctic , the points of Antarctic and subantarctic lands that are farther to the south than any other location classified by continent and country . Geographical position and distance to the South Pole .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "22f8faaac56b736d1c441267f307559d",
"text": "Circumpolar deep water Circumpolar Deep Water ( CDW ) is a designation given to the water mass in the Pacific and Indian oceans that essentially characterizes a mixing of other water masses in the region . A distinguishing characteristic is the water is not formed at the surface , but rather by a blending of other water masses , including the North Atlantic Deep Water ( NADW ) , the Antarctic Bottom Water ( AABW ) , and the Pacific Intermediate Water Masses . CDW , the greatest volume water mass in the SO , is a mixture of North Atlantic Deep Water ( NADW ) , Antarctic Bottom Water ( AABW ) , and Antarctic Intermediate Water ( AAIW ) , as well as recirculated deep water from the Indian and Pacific Oceans ( e.g. , Wüst 1935 ; Callahan 1972 ; Georgi 1981 ; Mantyla and Reid 1983 ; Charles and Fairbanks 1992 ; You 2000 ) Because the Circumpolar Deep Water is a mix of other water masses , its TS profile is simply the point where the TS lines of the other water masses converge . TS diagrams refer to temperature and salinity profiles , which are one of the major ways water masses are distinguished from each other . The convergence of the TS lines thus proves the mixing of the other water masses . Circumpolar deep water is between 1 and 2 degrees Celsius and has a salinity between 34.62 and 34.73 practical salinity units . In recent decades , hundreds of glaciers draining the Antarctic Peninsula ( 63 ° to 70 ° S ) have undergone systematic and progressive change . These changes are widely attributed to rapid increases in regional surface air temperature , but it is now clear that this can not be the sole driver . A strong correspondence has been discovered between mid-depth ocean temperatures and glacier-front changes along the approximately 1000-kilometer western coastline . In the south , glaciers that terminate in warm Circumpolar Deep Water have undergone considerable retreat , whereas those in the far northwest , which terminate in cooler waters , have not . Furthermore , a mid-ocean warming since the 1990s in the south is coincident with widespread acceleration of glacier retreat . The conclusion is that changes in ocean-induced melting are the primary cause of retreat for glaciers in this region .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "25669478383cd93a6e299a3998f8c15c",
"text": "List of glaciers of Chile The glaciers of Chile cover 2.7 % ( 20,188 km2 ) of the land area of the country , excluding Antártica Chilena , and have a considerable impact on its landscape and water supply . By surface 80 % of South America 's glaciers lie in Chile . Glaciers develop in the Andes of Chile from 27 ˚S southwards and in a very few places north of 18 ° 30 'S in the extreme north of the country : in between they are absent because of extreme aridity , though rock glaciers formed from permafrost are common . The largest glaciers of Chile are the Northern and Southern Patagonian Ice Fields . From a latitude of 47 ° S and south some glaciers reach sea level . Apart from height and latitude , the settings of Chilean glaciers depend on precipitation patterns ; in this sense two different regions exist : the Dry Andes and the Wet Andes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3ab06905a727dc9ff79b7c27c7f500d6",
"text": "List of the highest major summits of Colorado The following sortable table comprises the 117 highest mountain peaks of the U.S. State of Colorado with at least 3000 m of elevation and at least 500 m of topographic prominence . Topographic elevation is the vertical distance above the reference geoid , a mathematical model of the Earth 's sea level as an equipotential gravitational surface . The topographic prominence of a summit is the elevation difference between that summit and the highest or key col to a higher summit . The topographic isolation of a summit is the minimum great-circle distance to a point of equal elevation . This article defines a significant summit as a summit with at least 100 m of topographic prominence , and a major summit as a summit with at least 500 m of topographic prominence . An ultra-prominent summit is a summit with at least 1500 m of topographic prominence . There are three ultra-prominent summits in Colorado . All elevations in this article include an elevation adjustment from the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 ( NGVD 29 ) to the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 ( NAVD 88 ) . For further information , please see this United States National Geodetic Survey note . If an elevation or prominence is calculated as a range of values , the arithmetic mean is shown .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1706aa51c366fa827a5bb645071bf1f8",
"text": "List of mountain peaks of Montana This article comprises three sortable tables of major mountain peaks of the U.S. State of Montana . The summit of a mountain or hill may be measured in three principal ways : The topographic elevation of a summit measures the height of the summit above a geodetic sea level . The first table below ranks the 50 highest major summits of Montana by elevation . The topographic prominence of a summit is a measure of how high the summit rises above its surroundings . The second table below ranks the 50 most prominent summits of Montana . The topographic isolation ( or radius of dominance ) of a summit measures how far the summit lies from its nearest point of equal elevation . The third table below ranks the 50 most isolated major summits of Montana . __ TOC __",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "85eb300e7725da2fcff7bfcf600e6d41",
"text": "Geology of the Himalaya The geology of the Himalaya is a record of the most dramatic and visible creations of modern plate tectonic forces . The Himalayas , which stretch over 2400 km between the Namche Barwa syntaxis in Tibet and the Nanga Parbat syntaxis in India , are the result of an ongoing orogeny -- the result of a collision between two continental tectonic plates . This immense mountain range was formed by tectonic forces and sculpted by weathering and erosion . The Himalaya-Tibet region supplies fresh water for more than one-fifth of the world population , and accounts for a quarter of the global sedimentary budget . Topographically , the belt has many superlatives : the highest rate of uplift ( nearly 10 mm/year at Nanga Parbat ) , the highest relief ( 8848 m at Mt. Everest Chomolangma ) , among the highest erosion rates at 2 -- 12 mm/yr , the source of some of the greatest rivers and the highest concentration of glaciers outside of the polar regions . This last feature earned the Himalaya its name , originating from the Sanskrit for `` the abode of the snow '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4d78f294da2e5997675078a94aa24a97",
"text": "Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration The Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration was an era which began at the end of the 19th century , and ended after the First World War ; the Shackleton -- Rowett Expedition of 1921 -- 22 is often cited by historians as the dividing line between the `` Heroic '' and `` Mechanical '' ages . During the Heroic Age period the Antarctic continent became the focus of international efforts that resulted in intensive scientific and geographical exploration , in which 17 major Antarctic expeditions were launched from ten countries . The common factor in these expeditions was the limited nature of the resources available to them before advances in transport and communication technologies revolutionized the work of exploration . This meant that each expedition became a feat of endurance that tested , and sometimes exceeded its personnel 's physical and mental limits . The `` heroic '' label , bestowed later , recognized the adversities which had to be overcome by these pioneers , some of whom did not survive the experience ; during this period 19 expedition members died . During the course of these expeditions the geographical and magnetic poles were both reached . The achievement of being first to the geographical South Pole was a primary object in some expeditions , and was the sole rationale for Roald Amundsen 's venture . However , this was not the only aspect of polar exploration during this time ; other expeditions worked with defined objectives in different areas of the continent . As a result of all this activity , much of the continent 's coastline was discovered and mapped , and significant areas of its interior were explored . The expeditions also generated large quantities of scientific data and specimens across a wide range of scientific disciplines , the examination and analysis of which would keep the world 's scientific communities busy for decades .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a39ce65d493cd6537d40a859410219d7",
"text": "Antarctic ice sheet The Antarctic ice sheet is one of the two polar ice caps of the Earth . It covers about 98 % of the Antarctic continent and is the largest single mass of ice on Earth . It covers an area of almost 14 e6km2 and contains 26.5 e6km3 of ice . Approximately 61 percent of all fresh water on the Earth is held in the Antarctic ice sheet , an amount equivalent to about 58 m of sea-level rise . In East Antarctica , the ice sheet rests on a major land mass , but in West Antarctica the bed can extend to more than 2,500 m below sea level . Much of the land in this area would be seabed if the ice sheet were not there . In contrast to the melting of the Arctic sea ice , sea ice around Antarctica was expanding . The reasons for this are not fully understood , but suggestions include the climatic effects on ocean and atmospheric circulation of the ozone hole , and/or cooler ocean surface temperatures as the warming deep waters melt the ice shelves .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b76d469c2423f4e350451a701788c936",
"text": "List of mountain peaks of Washington This article comprises three sortable tables of major mountain peaks of the U.S. State of Washington . The summit of a mountain or hill may be measured in three principal ways : The topographic elevation of a summit measures the height of the summit above a geodetic sea level . The first table below ranks the 50 highest major summits of Washington by elevation . The topographic prominence of a summit is a measure of how high the summit rises above its surroundings . The second table below ranks the 50 most prominent summits of Washington . The topographic isolation ( or radius of dominance ) of a summit measures how far the summit lies from its nearest point of equal elevation . The third table below ranks the 50 most isolated major summits of Washington . __ TOC __",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0830dbdaddf132f3e38d7eedef9e2e33",
"text": "Continental Divide of the Americas The Continental Divide of the Americas ( also known as the Great Divide , the Continental Gulf of Division , or merely the Continental Divide ) is the principal , and largely mountainous , hydrological divide of the Americas . The Continental Divide extends from the Bering Strait to the Strait of Magellan , and separates the watersheds that drain into the Pacific Ocean from ( 1 ) those river systems that drain into the Atlantic Ocean ( including those that drain into the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea ) , and ( 2 ) along the northernmost reaches of the Divide , those river systems that drain into the Arctic Ocean . Though there are many other hydrological divides in the Americas , the Great Divide is by far the most prominent of these because it tends to follow a line of high peaks along the main ranges of the Rocky Mountains and Andes , at a generally much higher elevation than the other hydrological divisions . __ TOC __",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fc82aebf0be8086a879c8cf6ed13ca6d",
"text": "South Asia South Asia or Southern Asia is a term used to represent the southern region of the Asian continent , which comprises the sub-Himalayan SAARC countries and , for some authorities , adjoining countries to the west and east . Topographically , it is dominated by the Indian Plate , which rises above sea level as Nepal and northern parts of India situated south of the Himalayas and the Hindu Kush . South Asia is bounded on the south by the Indian Ocean and on land ( clockwise , from west ) by West Asia , Central Asia , East Asia , and Southeast Asia . The current territories of Afghanistan , Bangladesh , Bhutan , Maldives , Nepal , India , Pakistan , and Sri Lanka form the countries of South Asia . The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation ( SAARC ) is an economic cooperation organisation in the region which was established in 1985 and includes all eight nations comprising South Asia . South Asia covers about 5.1 million km2 ( 1.9 million mi2 ) , which is 11.51 % of the Asian continent or 3.4 % of the world 's land surface area . The population of South Asia is about 1.749 billion or about one fourth of the world 's population , making it both the most populous and the most densely populated geographical region in the world . Overall , it accounts for about 39.49 % of Asia 's population ( or over 24 % of the world 's population ) and is home to a vast array of peoples . In 2010 , South Asia had the world 's largest population of Hindus , Jains and Sikhs . There are 507 million Muslims as well as over 35 million Christians and 25 million Buddhists in South Asia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad75ac7bc38970bb3b6811ced9974741",
"text": "Seven Summits The Seven Summits are the highest mountains of each of the seven continents . Summiting all of them is regarded as a mountaineering challenge , first achieved on April 30 , 1985 by Richard Bass .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3e27ff8b9cdfb1b16ff2facd7c1985db",
"text": "List of the highest major summits of the United States The following sortable table comprises the 200 highest mountain peaks of the United States with at least 500 m of topographic prominence . The summit of a mountain or hill may be measured in three principal ways : The topographic elevation of a summit measures the height of the summit above a geodetic sea level . The topographic prominence of a summit is a measure of how high the summit rises above its surroundings . The topographic isolation ( or radius of dominance ) of a summit measures how far the summit lies from its nearest point of equal elevation . In the United States , only Denali exceeds 6000 m elevation . Four major summits exceed 5000 m , nine exceed 4500 m , 104 exceed 4000 m , 220 exceed 3500 m , and 302 major summits exceed 3000 m elevation . __ TOC __",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0d53497190e85f48afb500258e3b49c1",
"text": "List of the major 3000-meter summits of the United States The following sortable table comprises the 302 mountain peaks of the United States with at least 3000 m of topographic elevation and at least 500 m of topographic prominence . The summit of a mountain or hill may be measured in three principal ways : The topographic elevation of a summit measures the height of the summit above a geodetic sea level . The topographic prominence of a summit is a measure of how high the summit rises above its surroundings . The topographic isolation ( or radius of dominance ) of a summit measures how far the summit lies from its nearest point of equal elevation . In the United States , only Denali exceeds 6000 m elevation . Four major summits exceed 5000 m , nine exceed 4500 m , 104 major summits exceed 4000 m , 220 exceed 3500 m , and the following 302 major summits exceed 3000 m elevation . __ TOC __",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6b6df5f6496cab8bfbd1e1e1c05efcc9",
"text": "British Overseas Territories The 14 British Overseas Territories ( BOT ) are territories under the jurisdiction and sovereignty of the United Kingdom . They are the parts of the British Empire that have not been granted independence or have voted to remain British territories . These territories do not form part of the United Kingdom and , with the exception of Gibraltar , are not part of the European Union . Most of the inhabited territories are internally self-governing , with the UK retaining responsibility for defence and foreign relations . The rest are either uninhabited or have a transitory population of military or scientific personnel . They share the British monarch ( Elizabeth II ) as head of state . The term `` British Overseas Territory '' was introduced by the British Overseas Territories Act 2002 , replacing the term British Dependent Territory , introduced by the British Nationality Act 1981 . Prior to 1 January 1983 , the territories were officially referred to as British Crown Colonies . With the exceptions of the British Antarctic Territory and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands ( which host only officials and research station staff ) and the British Indian Ocean Territory ( used as a military base ) , the Territories retain permanent civilian populations . Permanent residency for the 7,000 or so civilians living in the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia is limited to citizens of the Republic of Cyprus . Collectively , the Territories encompass a population of about 250,000 people and a land area of about 667018 sqmi . The vast majority of this land area , 660000 sqmi , constitutes the almost uninhabited British Antarctic Territory , while the largest territory by population , Bermuda , accounts for almost a quarter of the total BOT population . At the other end of the scale , three territories have no civilian population ; the Antarctic territory , the British Indian Ocean Territory ( from which the Chagos Islanders were controversially removed ) and South Georgia . Pitcairn Islands , settled by the survivors of the Mutiny on the Bounty , is the smallest settled territory with 49 inhabitants , while the smallest by land area is Gibraltar on the southern tip of the Iberian peninsula . The United Kingdom participates in the Antarctic Treaty System and , as part of a mutual agreement , the British Antarctic Territory is recognised by four of the other sovereign nations making claims to Antarctic territory . Although the Crown dependencies of Jersey , Guernsey and the Isle of Man are also under the sovereignty of the British monarch , they are in a different constitutional relationship with the United Kingdom . The British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies are themselves distinct from the Commonwealth realms , a group of 15 independent countries ( and the United Kingdom ) which each also have Elizabeth II as their reigning monarch , and from the Commonwealth of Nations , a voluntary association of 52 countries mostly with historic links to the British Empire ( which also includes all Commonwealth realms ) . the Minister responsible for the Territories excluding the Falkland Islands , Gibraltar and the Sovereign Base Areas is Baroness Anelay , Minister of State for the Commonwealth and the UN . The other three territories are the responsibility of Sir Alan Duncan MP , Minister of State for Europe and the Americas .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6137ddec06e5129a7a2b68e1d4e41956",
"text": "Mount Waterhouse (Antarctica) Mount Waterhouse is a mountain rising above 1800 m , at the north west extreme of the All-Blacks Nunataks , west of the Churchill Mountains . Named in honor of Emma Waterhouse , Environmental Manager with Antarctica New Zealand from 1993 - 2001 . First trip to ice 1987 . Emma played a key role in the development of New Zealand systems to implement the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty and its Act . Category : Mountains of Oates Land",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0acab511641dba4ca1d247b96d028d1a",
"text": "Maritime Continent Maritime Continent is the name given primarily by meteorologists and oceanographers to the region of Southeast Asia which comprises , amongst other countries , Indonesia , Philippines and Papua New Guinea . Located between the Indian and Pacific Oceans , it is situated within a warm ocean region known as the Tropical Warm Pool . The maritime continent consists of many islands , peninsulas and shallow seas . The region is significant in meteorology because it is considered the most important energy source region in the entire global circulation system owing to a number of coincident factors , the most significant being geographic location and topography , both of which contribute to the development of the Tropical Warm Pool , which is the warmest large area of ocean on Earth . Coined by Colin Ramage in 1968 , the name combines the terms maritime and continent normally used as opposites in the description of climate . Maritime air is humid , and continental air is dry . In the Southeast Asia region , land masses and bodies of water are , roughly-speaking , evenly distributed . Moreover , the land masses are characterized by high mountains , and the seas are among the warmest on the earth . This produces a widespread area of diurnal thunderstorms which pump huge quantities of moisture and heat high up into the atmosphere which in turn feeds the upper level winds which circle the globe .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2193f1f28a63569eb2ce92bb642fd867",
"text": "Australian Plate The Australian Plate is a major tectonic plate in the eastern and , largely , in the southern hemispheres . Originally a part of the ancient continent of Gondwana , Australia remained connected to India and Antarctica until approximately when India broke away and began moving north . Australia and Antarctica began rifting and completely separated roughly The Australian plate later fused with the adjacent Indian Plate beneath the Indian Ocean to form a single Indo-Australian Plate . However , recent studies suggest that the two plates have once again split apart and have been separate plates for at least 3 million years and likely longer . The Australian plate includes the continent of Australia , including Tasmania , as well portions of New Guinea , New Zealand , and the Indian Ocean basin .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3ed45444769d816f48eb7e47cfa0db47",
"text": "Antarctica Marathon The Antarctica Marathon may have been the first for-profit sporting event held in Antarctica , on January 28 , 1995 . The event is now held every year in late February or early March . The 42.195 km race is held on King George Island , the largest of the South Shetland Islands just off the Antarctic Peninsula . There is also a half-marathon held at the same time . The start and finish is at Bellingshausen Station ( the Russian base ) , and the course passes the Artigas Base ( Uruguayan ) , the Frei Base ( Chilean ) and the Great Wall Base ( Chinese ) . The course follows a gravel road that connects the bases . The first marathon held in Antarctica may have been near the American research base , McMurdo Station , in January 1995 . The annual marathon is free and is open to employees and grantees of the United States Antarctic Program , United States Air Force personnel on duty at McMurdo Station , as well as Kiwis from New Zealand 's nearby research station , Scott Base . Many participants run the full marathon . However , a half marathon option is available . Some participants elect to ski the course . In January 2015 , McMurdo Station hosted possibly the first known Ultra Marathon over 30 miles on the continent . The South Pole has also witnessed runners braving conditions to complete a full 26.2 mile race . Both for-profit and free events have been held outside the Amundsen -- Scott South Pole Station . The South Pole is possibly the first known location of an Ultra Marathon on the continent , when defining an Ultra as anything over 26.2 miles .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
61ef9ac39c92852a9e8369ec711053b3
|
Dracula was only a film.
|
[
{
"docid": "54510d35e4f288a6eb75fa7b67f64a94",
"text": "Dracula Dracula is an 1897 Gothic horror novel by Irish author Bram Stoker . It introduced the famous character Count Dracula and established many conventions of subsequent vampire fantasy . The novel tells the story of Dracula 's attempt to move from Transylvania to England so that he may find new blood and spread the undead curse , and of the battle between Dracula and a small group of men and women led by Professor Abraham Van Helsing . Dracula has been assigned to many literary genres including vampire literature , horror fiction , the gothic novel , and invasion literature . The novel has spawned numerous theatrical , film , and television interpretations .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9cd7b95fc3f9401e48e2d107bc0916aa",
"text": "Count Dracula Count Dracula is the title character of Bram Stoker 's 1897 gothic horror novel Dracula . He is considered to be both the prototypical and the archetypal vampire in subsequent works of fiction . He is also depicted in the novel to be the origin of werewolf legends . Some aspects of the character are believed to have been inspired by the 15th-century Wallachian Prince Vlad III the Impaler , who was also known as Dracula . Other character aspects have been added or altered in subsequent popular fictional works . The character has subsequently appeared frequently in popular culture , from films to animated media to breakfast cereals .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "cc723b926c2455ac4b591d808ae35a84",
"text": "Son of Frankenstein Son of Frankenstein is a 1939 horror monster film , the third film in Universal Studios ' Frankenstein series and the last to feature Boris Karloff as the Monster . It is also the first to feature Bela Lugosi as Ygor . The picture is a sequel to James Whale 's Bride of Frankenstein . It is directed by Rowland V. Lee and stars Basil Rathbone , Boris Karloff and Béla Lugosi . The film was a reaction to the very popular re-releases of Dracula with Lugosi and Frankenstein with Karloff as a double-feature in 1938 . Universal 's declining horror output was revitalized with the enormously successful Son of Frankenstein , in which the studio cast both Karloff and Lugosi .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6a75f741fbd2a4e1b9aa6e08ab61b05e",
"text": "Damned in Venice Damned in Venice ( Nero veneziano , literally `` Venetian Black '' ) is an Italian horror film directed in 1978 by Ugo Liberatore .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2e9562630c3e228fc705eef5206e541c",
"text": "Dr. Terror's Gallery of Horrors Dr. Terror 's Gallery of Horrors is a low-budget 1967 colour scope anthology film by David L. Hewitt from stories by Russ Jones . The film includes footage from Roger Corman 's Edgar Allan Poe adaptations . The similarity of its title to Amicus Productions ' hit Dr. Terror 's House of Horrors led to numerous enforced title changes , including Return from the Past , The Blood Suckers , Alien Massacre , and most commonly Gallery of Horror ( on-screen ) and Gallery of Horrors ( on packaging ) . It has also been released as The Witch 's Clock , after the first story , and the only one to feature star John Carradine , who hosts the interstitial segments . It also stars Lon Chaney Jr. , Rochelle Hudson , Roger Gentry and Vic McGee . The other stories include `` King Vampire , '' `` Monster Raid , '' `` Spark of Life , '' and `` Count Alucard , '' which is credited as `` Count Dracula . '' In the latter story , Jonathan Harker ( one of several roles played by Gentry ) is revealed , in a humorous twist , to be a werewolf .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "296b7a53237cbac0524c203476c30f6d",
"text": "A Spectre Haunts Europe A Spectre Haunts Europe ( -LSB- Призрак бродит по Европе , Prizrak brodit po Evrope -RSB- ) is a 1923 Soviet silent horror film directed by Vladimir Gardin . It was made by the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic 's production company VUFKU . It is based on Edgar Allan Poe 's story The Masque of the Red Death . The film features a massacre on the Odessa Steps which may have served as an inspiration for the more famous scene in Sergei Eisenstein 's Battleship Potemkin . The film 's sets were designed by the art director Vladimir Yegorov .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "35777011bd1aafac479221e720e8f81b",
"text": "Dracula Unleashed Dracula Unleashed is a 1993 video game created by ICOM Simulations and published by Viacom New Media for the Sega CD , Apple Macintosh and DOS platforms . It was one of the earliest titles to make heavy use of full-motion video as an integral part of the gameplay . Other contemporary titles utilizing full-motion video include Night Trap , Sewer Shark and Sherlock Holmes : Consulting Detective .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "44d74267580679ef6d8a291cecc63ad7",
"text": "The Hound of the Baskervilles (1959 film) The Hound of the Baskervilles is a 1959 British gothic horror and mystery film , directed by Terence Fisher and produced by Hammer Film Productions . It is based on the novel of the same name by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle . It stars Peter Cushing as Sherlock Holmes , Sir Christopher Lee as Sir Henry Baskerville and André Morell as Doctor Watson . It is the first film adaptation of the novel to be filmed in colour . It is one of the most critically acclaimed films in Hammer Film Productions ' history .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "82073e0c36880eae78becb227efa692b",
"text": "Vampire (2011 film) Vampire is a 2011 dramatic horror-thriller film that was directed and written by Shunji Iwai . It was first released on January 22 , 2011 at the Sundance Film Festival and is the first film he has directed in English . The movie stars Kevin Zegers as a teacher who believes himself to be a blood-drinking vampire .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b32b7cb8248c99edfafd4935ab135311",
"text": "The Legend of the 7 Golden Vampires The Legend of the 7 Golden Vampires is a 1974 horror film produced by Hammer Studios and Shaw Brothers Studio . It is the ninth and final film in the Hammer Dracula series . It was released in North America in an edited version as The Seven Brothers Meet Dracula , and alternatively known as The Seven Brothers and Their One Sister Meet Dracula . The film is notable for having an actor other than Christopher Lee portray Count Dracula in the Hammer Dracula series ; before this film was made , Lee left the role of the Count . The role of Dracula is played by John Forbes-Robertson ( though the actor 's voice is dubbed by David de Keyser ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d75fba1f049d1b2b4c5f18e04dbeae3b",
"text": "The Satanic Rites of Dracula The Satanic Rites of Dracula is a 1973 horror film directed by Alan Gibson and produced by Hammer Film Productions . It is the eighth film in Hammer 's Dracula series , and the seventh and final one to feature Christopher Lee as Dracula . The film was also the third to unite Peter Cushing as Van Helsing with Lee , following Dracula ( 1958 ) and Dracula A.D. 1972 ( 1972 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9e8fc57aa0fdad4811a65d23769c705f",
"text": "The Boogeyman (1980 film) The Boogeyman ( released in the United Kingdom as The Bogey Man ) is a 1980 American supernatural horror film directed by Ulli Lommel and starring Suzanna Love , John Carradine , and Ron James . The movie 's title refers to the long-held superstition of boogeymen beings , and its plot concerns an adult brother and sister who are targeted by the ghost of their mother 's deceased boyfriend which has been freed from an imprisoned mirror . The film has received mixed to negative critical reviews , with criticism mainly regarding the heavy similarities from earlier horror films such as Halloween , The Exorcist , and The Amityville Horror . However , the movie became successful enough commercially to make the film-makers eager to release sequels , resulting in the film being followed by Boogeyman II and Return of the Boogeyman .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3509e9a87539491147ebea79bf9bd500",
"text": "Castle of the Living Dead Castle of the Living Dead ( Il castello dei morti vivi ) is a 1964 Italian-French horror film directed by Warren Kiefer . The film is set in France in the late 19th century where a traveling circus visits the castle of the Count Drago ( Christopher Lee ) . Drago 's habit of experimenting on animals is revealed and the visitors are about to become unwilling participants before they are rescued by a dwarf . Castle of the Living Dead has gone through several inconsistencies with its production since its release involving who had directed the film ranging from Kiefer to Riccardo Freda to fictional people such as Herbert Wise and Lorenzo Sabatini . Other production mysteries include the crew where Michael Reeves had been stated as the directing either all or parts of the film and whether or not Mario Bava had created special effects work on the picture .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d34cb07d090dc1bbf1d0a1524705fe2e",
"text": "Tenebrae (film) Tenebrae ( also known as Tenebre ) is a 1982 English-language Italian giallo film written and directed by Dario Argento . The film stars Anthony Franciosa as American author Peter Neal , who -- while in Rome promoting his latest murder-mystery novel -- becomes embroiled in the search for a serial killer who may have been inspired to kill by the novel . John Saxon and Daria Nicolodi co-star as Neal 's agent and assistant ; Giuliano Gemma and Carola Stagnaro appear as detectives investigating the murders . John Steiner , Veronica Lario and Mirella D'Angelo also feature . The film has been described as exploring themes of dualism and sexual aberration , and has strong metafictional elements ; some commentators consider Tenebrae to be a direct reaction by Argento to criticism of his previous work , most especially his depictions of murders of beautiful women . After Argento had experimented with pure supernatural horror with 1977 's Suspiria and 1980 's Inferno , Tenebrae represented the filmmaker 's return to the giallo horror subgenre , which he had helped popularize in the 1970s . Argento was inspired by a series of incidents which saw an obsessed fan telephone the director to criticise him for the damaging psychological effects of his previous work . The telephone calls culminated in death threats towards Argento , who channelled the experience into the writing of Tenebrae . The director also wanted to explore the senselessness of killings he had witnessed and heard about while staying in Los Angeles in 1980 , and his feeling at the time that true horror came from those who wanted `` to kill for nothing '' . Shot on location in Rome and at Elios Studios , Tenebrae utilised mostly modern-looking locations and sets to help Argento realise his intent that the film reflect a near-future with a diminished population ; the director filmed none of the historical landmarks that usually featured in films set in Rome . Employing director of photography Luciano Tovoli , Argento also intended that the film simulate the stark , realistic lighting featured in television police shows at the time ; production designer Giuseppe Bassa created supporting environments that were cold and austere , with sharp angles and modernistic spaces . Several former members of Italian rock band Goblin provided Tenebraes music , a synth-heavy score inspired by rock and disco music . Tenebrae was a modest success in Italy ; it reached theatres with little controversy after Argento made cuts to one of the most violent scenes . However , in the United Kingdom , it was added to the infamous list of `` video nasties '' and banned from sale until 1999 . The film 's theatrical distribution in the United States was delayed until 1984 , when it was released in a heavily censored version under the title Unsane . In its cut form , Tenebrae received a mostly negative critical reception , but the original , fully restored version later became widely available for reappraisal ; it is considered by some to be one of Argento 's best thrillers . The film critic and author Maitland McDonagh said that it was `` in many respects ... the finest film that Argento has ever made '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e792cc903ad83e994718b6c5e13cf424",
"text": "Mongrel (film) Mongrel is a 1982 American horror film written and directed by Robert A. Burns . This is the only feature film Burns directed .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dda21629aa9e6ba9e8dd2455f10f3f9c",
"text": "Grave of the Vampire Grave of the Vampire is a 1972 American horror film directed by John Hayes . The film is also known as Seed of Terror ( American reissue title ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6b7a94fe908974e10ce843b3b791a07c",
"text": "Dracula: The Dark Prince Dracula : The Dark Prince is a 2013 American fantasy horror film directed by Pearry Reginald Teo and written by Nicole Jones-Dion and Steven Paul . The film stars Luke Roberts , Jon Voight , Kelly Wenham and Ben Robson . The film was shot in Romania and released on 15 October 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b7e4dfad5dd87a46c0d6c5ccb5802391",
"text": "Night of the Demon Night of the Demon is a 1957 British horror film directed by Jacques Tourneur , starring Dana Andrews , Peggy Cummins and Niall MacGinnis . An adaptation of the M. R. James story `` Casting the Runes '' ( 1911 ) , the plot revolves around an American psychologist investigating a satanic cult suspected of more than one murder . The film 's production was turbulent due to artistic differences between producer Hal E. Chester on one side and Tourneur and writer Charles Bennett on the other . Although the original plan was not to show a literal demon , producer Chester inserted a monster over the objections of the writer , the director , and lead actor Dana Andrews . To accelerate the pace , the film was trimmed down to 83 minutes ( and retitled Curse of the Demon ) in the US where it played the second half of a double feature bill with both The True Story of Lynn Stuart and The Revenge of Frankenstein ( 1958 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a5a88bade6f9de40c9152448b8156aea",
"text": "The Phantom of the Opera (1962 film) The Phantom of the Opera is a 1962 British horror film based on the novel by Gaston Leroux . The film was made by Hammer Film Productions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f66f28332c6af504520cb478779b0bbb",
"text": "Gothic film The Gothic film is a film that is based on Gothic fiction or contains Gothic elements . Since various definite film genres -- including science fiction , film noir , thriller , and comedy -- have used Gothic elements , the Gothic film is challenging to define clearly as a genre . Gothic elements have also infused the horror film genre , contributing supernatural and nightmarish elements . To create a Gothic atmosphere , filmmakers have sought to create new camera tricks that challenge audiences ' perceptions . Gothic films also reflected contemporary issues . A New Companion to The Gothics Heidi Kaye said `` strong visuals , a focus on sexuality and an emphasis on audience response '' characterize Gothic films like they did the literary works . The Encyclopedia of the Gothic said the foundation of Gothic film was the combination of Gothic literature , stage melodrama , and German expressionism . In The Cambridge Companion to Gothic Fiction , Misha Kavka says Gothic film is not an established genre , rather contributing Gothic images , plots , characters , and styles to films . These elements are often found in `` the broader category of horror '' . Kavka quotes William Patrick Day 's definition of the Gothic , '' -LSB- it -RSB- tantalizes us with fear , both as its subject and its effect ; its does so , however , not primarily through characters or plots or even language , but through spectacle '' . Cinema suits the Gothic definition in creating images that establish the spectacle .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0286f21f5f6faeb354afe6d61278b33e",
"text": "Dracula - Swing of Death Dracula - Swing of Death is a rock opera concept album released by Norwegian musicians , singer Jørn Lande and guitarist Trond Holter . It is based in the storyline of Bram Stoker 's Dracula . The whole album was performed live on 1 May 2015 at the Karmoygeddon Festival in Norway , with all musicians who played on the record .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d433a24c623ae5e68ba1d37626fd723a",
"text": "The Devil (1972 film) Diabeł is a 1972 Polish historical film with elements of horror written and directed by Andrzej Żuławski . It was released in 1972 . At the time of its release it was banned by the Communist government in Poland .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
a487ea6c66f092f273d68193b90f5422
|
Broadcast News is a film.
|
[
{
"docid": "efb1065ff0d7aedf1860c56cb7f82e15",
"text": "Broadcast News (film) Broadcast News is a 1987 romantic comedy-drama film written , produced and directed by James L. Brooks . The film concerns a virtuoso television news producer ( Holly Hunter ) , who has daily emotional breakdowns , a brilliant yet prickly reporter ( Albert Brooks ) and his charismatic but far less seasoned rival ( William Hurt ) . It also stars Robert Prosky , Lois Chiles , Joan Cusack , and Jack Nicholson ( billed only in the end credits ) as the evening news anchor .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "b19314e7a9b333cbc8fd94a6ec0f5916",
"text": "CBS Overnight News CBS Overnight News is an American overnight television news program that is broadcast on CBS during the early morning hours each Monday through Friday . The program maintains a hard news format , incorporating national , international and business news headlines ; feature reports ; interviews ; national weather forecasts ; sports highlights ; and commentary . CBS has carried an overnight news block since 1982 when it debuted CBS News Nightwatch , which ran from 1982 until 1992 ; it was replaced with Up to the Minute that year , which the title of the block ran under until September 18 , 2015 . CBS Overnight News draws from the full resources of CBS News , including the CBS Evening News , CBS This Morning , Newspath , owned-and-operated stations and affiliates of the television network and APTN . It also featured rebroadcasts of selected stories from CBS News Sunday Morning , 48 Hours , 60 Minutes and Face the Nation . From 2013 to 2015 , the program was solo anchored by Anne Marie Green , who also anchored the network 's early-morning news program CBS Morning News .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8ceb642773fd4204097f7c3f9e779172",
"text": "The Film Review The Film Review ( formerly Film 24 ) is a 10-minute film related programme shown on BBC News each Friday evening at 5.45 pm . It reviews three new films each week . Jane Hill serves as the main host , and Mark Kermode as the regular film critic . The programme was renamed The Film Review on 22 March 2013 , following BBC News 24 's rebrand to BBC News and move to Broadcasting House .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2b1e6306b5a4554bc1dd3df2d5a54270",
"text": "Journalism ethics and standards Journalism ethics and standards comprise principles of ethics and of good practice as applicable to the specific challenges faced by journalists . Historically and currently , this subset of media ethics is widely known to journalists as their professional `` code of ethics '' or the `` canons of journalism '' . The basic codes and canons commonly appear in statements drafted by both professional journalism associations and individual print , broadcast , and online news organizations . While various existing codes have some differences , most share common elements including the principles of -- truthfulness , accuracy , objectivity , impartiality , fairness and public accountability -- as these apply to the acquisition of newsworthy information and its subsequent dissemination to the public . Like many broader ethical systems , journalism ethics include the principle of `` limitation of harm . '' This often involves the withholding of certain details from reports such as the names of minor children , crime victims ' names or information not materially related to particular news reports release of which might , for example , harm someone 's reputation . Some journalistic codes of ethics , notably the European ones , also include a concern with discriminatory references in news based on race , religion , sexual orientation , and physical or mental disabilities . The Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe approved in 1993 Resolution 1003 on the Ethics of Journalism which recommends journalists to respect the presumption of innocence , in particular in cases that are still sub judice .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a3410f0b5b385237ab4c4c36bd236479",
"text": "Broadcast Film Critics Association Awards 2010 Broadcast Film Critics Association Awards 2010 may refer to : 15th Critics ' Choice Awards , the fifteenth Critics ' Choice Awards ceremony that took place in 2010 16th Critics ' Choice Awards , the sixteenth Critics ' Choice Awards ceremony that took place in 2011 and which honored the best in film for 2010",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cad8627071728e910030128f3a58ff67",
"text": "Local programming The terms local programme , local programming , local content or local television refers to a television program made by a television station or independent television producer for broadcast only within the station 's transmission area or television market . Local programmes can encompass the whole range of programme genres but will usually only cover subjects or people of particular interest to an audience within the station 's coverage area . For example , a local sports programme will present results , interviews and coverage of games or matches , just like a network sports programme , but it would only feature teams and players from within the broadcaster 's transmission area . In some cases a television network programme may include a local element as well . This is particularly the case in the United Kingdom and still happens today with The Politics Show . The BBC regions will all opt-out at the same time from the main programme to present a locally produced segment . Sometimes locally made programmes that are not too specific to the transmission area , will be sold to other local stations for broadcast in their region . Historically there was a large percentage of local programming on television . Late in the 20th century this has significantly fallen . In many cases the only local programmes on a television station today will be the local newscast . The above can also apply to radio . A national radio network may have local studios or affiliates who opt-out at various times to present local programs and content . In the late-1950s , many of the early Australian television series such as Melbourne Magazine ( 1957 ) , Sydney Tonight ( 1956-1959 ) , and TV Talent Scout ( 1957-1958 ) were broadcast in only a single city .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c5cdcf6dd2b9b695e290d5be8515e9a6",
"text": "Paramount Television Network The Paramount Television Network ( PTN ) was a venture by American film corporation Paramount Pictures to organize a television network in the late 1940s . The company built television stations KTLA in Los Angeles and WBKB in Chicago ; it also invested US$ 400,000 in the DuMont Television Network , which operated stations WABD in New York City , WTTG in Washington , D.C. , and WDTV in Pittsburgh . Escalating disputes between Paramount and DuMont concerning breaches of contract , company control , and network competition erupted regularly between 1940 and 1956 , and culminated in the dismantling of the DuMont Network . Television historian Timothy White called the clash between the two companies `` one of the most unfortunate and dramatic episodes in the early history of the television industry . '' The Paramount Television Network aired several programs , including the Emmy Award-winning children 's series Time for Beany . Filmed in Hollywood , the programs were distributed to an ad-hoc network of stations across the United States . The network signed affiliation agreements with more than 50 television stations in 1950 ; despite this , most of Paramount 's series were not widely viewed outside the West Coast . The Federal Communications Commission ( FCC ) , which filed suit against Paramount for anti-trust violations , prevented the studio from acquiring additional television stations . Paramount executives eventually gave up on the idea of a television network , and continued to produce series for other networks . In 1995 , after four decades of television production for other companies , Paramount re-entered the broadcast network field when the company and Chris-Craft Industries launched the United Paramount Network ( UPN ) , a television network that operated until 2006 . Paramount 's television division is now owned by CBS Television Studios .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2f644fb2d84a92760626914286c8d523",
"text": "Harvest of Shame Harvest of Shame was a 1960 television documentary presented by broadcast journalist Edward R. Murrow on CBS that showed the plight of American migrant agricultural workers . It was Murrow 's final documentary for the network ; he left CBS at the end of January 1961 , at John F. Kennedy 's request , to become head of the United States Information Agency . An investigative report intended `` to shock Americans into action , '' it was `` the first time millions of Americans were given a close look at what it means to live in poverty '' by their televisions . The program was an installment of the television documentary series CBS Reports , widely seen as the successor to Murrow 's highly regarded 1951 -- 1958 CBS program See It Now . Murrow 's close associate , Fred W. Friendly , who coproduced See It Now , was the executive producer of CBS Reports . Their colleague , Edward P. Morgan , had taken up the issue of migrant labor in his CBS Radio Network commentaries . Morgan 's assistant had visited Senator Harry F. Byrd 's Northern Virginia farm during the apple harvest and was outraged by the conditions of the migrant laborers working there . According to Murrow biographer Joseph Persico , Friendly decided that the issue was a natural for Murrow , long seen as a champion of the oppressed . While Murrow and Friendly are often seen as the forces behind the show , broadcast historians such as the late Edward Bliss , Jr. have also given credit to `` Harvest of Shame '' producer/reporter David Lowe . Lowe did much of the legwork , including a number of the interviews featured on the installment . The program originally aired just after Thanksgiving Day in November 1960 . The December 5 , 1960 edition of Time quoted producer Lowe as saying , We felt that by scheduling the program the day after Thanksgiving , we could stress the fact that much of the food cooked for Thanksgiving throughout the country was picked by migratory workers . We hoped that the pictures of how these people live and work would shock the consciousness of the nation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "869d45cb82f190df7b1e2cfef32db618",
"text": "Late-night news Late-night news ( sometimes referred to as `` late local news '' ) refers to late evening television news programs that are broadcast on a nightly or weeknightly basis , often focusing on local news stories and including other feature content .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a5f87c69d651ccfe863d5c6c61e648d7",
"text": "CBS Evening News The CBS Evening News is the flagship evening television news program of CBS News , the news division of the CBS television network in the United States . The program has been broadcast since May 3 , 1948 under the original title CBS Television News , eventually adopting its current title in 1963 . From June 6 , 2011 to May 30 , 2017 , the weekday editions of the program were anchored by Scott Pelley . As of May 31 , 2017 , the program is anchored by Anthony Mason on an interim basis . Previous anchors have included Douglas Edwards , Walter Cronkite , Dan Rather , Connie Chung , Bob Schieffer , and Katie Couric . Weekend editions of the CBS Evening News weekends began in February 1966 . On May 2 , 2016 , CBS announced that the weekend editions would be rebranded , effective May 7 , as the CBS Weekend News , whose Saturday and Sunday editions are anchored by Reena Ninan and Elaine Quijano respectively . The weekend editions draw from the resources of CBSN , the digital news channel where Ninan and Quijano also serve as anchors . The CBS Evening News airs live at 6:30 pm in the Eastern and 5:30 pm in the Central Time Zones , and are tape delayed for the Mountain Time Zone . A separate `` Western Edition '' , featuring updated segments to provide coverage of breaking news stories , airs pre-recorded at 5:30 pm in the Pacific Time Zone and on tape delay in the Alaska and Hawaii -- Aleutian Time Zones .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7a3fc8786895e87624acbf774f04f73e",
"text": "Film poster A film poster is a poster used to promote and advertise a film . Studios often print several posters that vary in size and content for various domestic and international markets . They normally contain an image with text . Today 's posters often feature photographs of the main actors . Prior to the 1990s , illustrations instead of photos were far more common . The text on film posters usually contains the film title in large lettering and often the names of the main actors . It may also include a tagline , the name of the director , names of characters , the release date , etc. . Film posters are displayed inside and on the outside of movie theaters , and elsewhere on the street or in shops . The same images appear in the film exhibitor 's pressbook and may also be used on websites , DVD ( and historically VHS ) packaging , flyers , advertisements in newspapers and magazines , etc. . Film posters have been used since the earliest public exhibitions of film . They began as outside placards listing the programme of ( short ) films to be shown inside the hall or movie theater . By the early 1900s , they began to feature illustrations of a film scene or an array of overlaid images from several scenes . Other posters have used artistic interpretations of a scene or even the theme of the film , represented in a wide variety of artistic styles .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "23738dac11d4a4a402164386f2e88dd9",
"text": "Broadcast Initiatives Broadcast Initiatives Ltd is an Indian media firm in the Sri Adhikari Brothers group . It owns the TV channels Live India ( Hindi ) and Mi Marathi ( Marathi ) . The business model of the firm subcontracts its marketing to other media groups . In August 2007 , the group channel Live India was in the news for a sting operation covering a porn racket involving school girls run by a schoolteacher in Delhi . Markand Adhikari is the Managing director of the firm .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a83b37e3b14948b9bc5416688cf4eb4e",
"text": "Radio Newsreel Radio Newsreel was a news programme produced by the British Broadcasting Corporation between 1940 and 1988 . The programme , which eventually had four 15-minute international editions as well as a nightly 30-minute domestic version ( The News and Radio Newsreel ) , broadcast in the BBC Light Programme , was composed of taped or recorded dispatches from correspondents in the field , live and recorded actuality and such other features , borrowed from the format of the film newsreel , as interviews with people currently in the news.For a date range such as 1940 - 1988 , it can be misleading to use `` tape '' as a synonym for `` record '' . In this case , a reader might assume that the BBC had what are now widely recognized as `` tape recorders '' in 1940 . The only such recorders commercially available at that time were made by AEG ( Germany ) and used extensively by the Reichs-Rundfunk-Gesellschaft . They were not classified technology , but were essentially unknown in other countries until after Germany 's surrender in May , 1945 . Prior to the adoption of audio `` tape recording '' , broadcasters in various countries recorded on film ( optical and engraved ) , disks , and magnetic wire and steel ` band ' or ` ribbon ' . Some could have even used wax cylinder systems , such as then out of date home recording phonographs and their derivative office recording systems such as the Ediphone . See also : Philips-Miller , Magnetophon , Telegraphone , electrical transcription , E.R.P.I. , Dead Media Project , et al. . An example of the programme 's early content is the coverage of Captain George Robinson 's `` Adventure in a lifeboat adrift in the Atlantic '' , broadcast on 19 August 1942 . The programme was broadcast in the United Kingdom at 19.00 each evening ; transmission to North America was scheduled for 3.30 GMT , which was 10:30 P.M. Eastern Standard Time and 7:30 P.M. Pacific Standard Time . Radio Newsreel was created by Norman Collins , who had worked as the head of the BBC General Forces Programme and the BBC Light Programme . It was first broadcast as part of the Overseas Service of the BBC , but was transferred to the Light Programme in November 1947 . In 1953 , the programme had a domestic audience of over 4 million listeners . On 3 April 1970 , it was broadcast in the UK for the last time , but it continued to be broadcast on the BBC World Service for a further 18 years . Outside the United Kingdom , the programme was also carried weekly on the Mutual Broadcasting System in the United States during World War II and as part of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation 's radio programming in the 1970s . Until 1987 , American Public Radio also carried the programme in the United States . The programme 's introductory title music was `` Imperial Echoes '' by Arnold Safroni .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c42844a1a1fc778ea322ede39a2664fc",
"text": "Threads Threads is a 1984 British television drama jointly produced by the BBC , Nine Network and Western-World Television Inc. . Written by Barry Hines and directed by Mick Jackson , it is a docudrama account of nuclear war and its effects on the city of Sheffield in Northern England . The plot centres on two families as a confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union erupts . As the nuclear exchange between NATO and the Warsaw Pact begins , the film depicts the medical , economic , social and environmental consequences of nuclear war . Shot on a budget of # 250,000 -- 350,000 , the film was the first of its kind to depict a nuclear winter . Certain reviewers nominated Threads as the `` film which comes closest to representing the full horror of nuclear war and its aftermath , as well as the catastrophic impact that the event would have on human culture '' . It has been compared to the earlier programme The War Game produced in Britain in the 1960s and its contemporary The Day After , a 1983 ABC television film depicting a similar scenario in the United States . It was nominated for seven BAFTA awards in 1985 and won for Best Single Drama , Best Design , Best Film Cameraman and Best Film Editor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6425e2f206e507ab5ded776d491b25d9",
"text": "Mass communication Mass communication is the study of how people exchange information through mass media to large segments of the population at the same time . In other words , mass communication refers to the imparting and exchanging of information on a large scale to a wide range of people . It is usually understood to relate newspaper , magazine , and book publishing , as well as radio , television and film , even via internet as these mediums are used for disseminating information , news and advertising . Mass communication differs from the studies of other forms of communication , such as interpersonal communication or organizational communication , in that it focuses on a single source transmitting information to a large number of receivers . The study of mass communication is chiefly concerned with how the content of mass communication persuades or otherwise affects the behavior , attitude , opinion , or emotion of the person or people receiving the information .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "faff771ed2a2627b6b59f379e2c4abbe",
"text": "Loose Change Loose Change is a series of films released between 2005 and 2009 that argue in favor of certain conspiracy theories relating to the September 11th attacks . The films were written and directed by Dylan Avery and produced by Korey Rowe , Jason Bermas , and Matthew Brown . The original 2005 film was edited and re-released as Loose Change : 2nd Edition ( 2006 ) , and then subsequently edited a third time for the 2nd Edition Recut ( 2007 ) . Loose Change : Final Cut , deemed `` the third and final release of this documentary series '' was released on DVD and Web-streaming format on November 11 , 2007 . Another version of the film , Loose Change 9/11 : An American Coup , released on September 22 , 2009 , is narrated by Daniel Sunjata and distributed by Microcinema International . Coverage of the film increased in 2006 with the recut release having airings on U.S. and European television stations and over 4 million views online in four months , leading Vanity Fair to say it could be the first internet blockbuster . Loose Change asserts that the usual account of the Pentagon attack , World Trade Center collapse and United 93 phone calls and crash is implausible and instead suggests the 9/11 attacks were a false flag operation . The film 's main claims have been debunked by journalists , independent researchers , and prominent members of the scientific and engineering community .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e746cb155f0ab8deee272c255f5e2b68",
"text": "Global Digital News Global Digital News ( GDN ) is a fake news venture group . GDN `` released '' a `` news story '' supposedly by a local news station involving a string of homicides that took place on several islands throughout the South Pacific . In the videos , GDN speculated that the killings were related , and the story was picked up by several media news outlets . The series of reports was referred to as `` perfect getaways gone wrong , '' referencing the fact that murder victims were vacationing couples . Four reports total have been completed on the series . As of August 4 , 2009 , the network 's YouTube channel was linked to from an ad on YouTube 's homepage for `` A Perfect Getaway '' , an upcoming movie , causing many people to suspect that the entire network is only a marketing scheme for the movie . Although these suspicions are confirmed by performing a whois search on the `` official site '' , they are the truth . The registered owner of globaldigitalnews.org is Universal City Studios , better known as Universal Studios , a wholly owned subsidiary of NBC Universal , a distributor and production company on the upcoming film under the subsidiary Rogue Pictures .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bd08c03de3c0b22deb87525fb1db317b",
"text": "TV Nation TV Nation is a satirical newsmagazine television series written , directed and hosted by Michael Moore that was co-funded and originally broadcast by NBC in the United States and BBC2 in the United Kingdom . The show blended humor and journalism into provocative reports about various issues . After moving to Fox for its second ( and final ) season , the show won an Emmy Award in 1995 for Outstanding Informational Series . TV Nation was created in the wake of the success Moore had with the documentary Roger & Me , prompting Warner Bros. . Television to ask Moore for television series ideas . In January 1993 , NBC green-lit a pilot episode which took three months to complete . Interest from the BBC prompted NBC to insert the show into its summer 1994 lineup .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "315c7bf7a45dc7a22cd20418d9fb7796",
"text": "Beyond Citizen Kane Beyond Citizen Kane ( 1993 ) is a British documentary film directed by Simon Hartog , produced by John Ellis , and first broadcast on Channel 4 . It details the dominant position of the Rede Globo media group , the largest in Brazil , and discusses the group 's influence , power , and political connections . Globo 's president and founder Roberto Marinho was criticised and compared to the fictional newspaper tycoon Charles Foster Kane , created by Orson Welles for the 1941 film Citizen Kane . According to the documentary , Marinho 's media group engages in manipulation of news to influence public opinion . Rede Globo objected to the film 's position and tried to buy Brazilian rights , but Hartog had already made agreements to give non-TV rights to political and cultural groups in Brazil . While it is often claimed in Brazil that exhibiting the documentary in Brazil was forbidden by the justice , John Ellis claims that there are no legal restrictions in place , but the documentary ca n't be broadcast on TV in Brazil since it contains large sections of footage owned by Globo . However , copies sold in Britain reached Brazil in the 1990s and circulated widely there . In addition , since the Internet boom of the early 21st century , the film has been released on sharing networks and had hundreds of thousands of views , as measured on YouTube and Google Video .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9cffca4f46c241a36a7a4cb5c71f0053",
"text": "Broadcast flag A broadcast flag is a set of status bits ( or a `` flag '' ) sent in the data stream of a digital television program that indicates whether or not the data stream can be recorded , or if there are any restrictions on recorded content . Possible restrictions include the inability to save an unencrypted digital program to a hard disk or other non-volatile storage , inability to make secondary copies of recorded content ( in order to share or archive ) , forceful reduction of quality when recording ( such as reducing high-definition video to the resolution of standard TVs ) , and inability to skip over commercials .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "44593cee17f6c109719e9af27296beed",
"text": "Headline News (album) Headline News is the seventh and last studio album by British rock band Atomic Rooster . It has been released on CD several times : firstly in 1994 on Voiceprint , secondly in 1997 on Blueprint and in 2002 on Eagle . In 2004 it was repackaged by Dutch label MCP as Future Shock . In addition , in 2005 the German Ambitions/Membran International label packaged it alongside The First Ten Explosive Years as a two-disc set entitled Rebel with a Clause . All CD issues feature two bonus tracks not included on the original LP . Vincent Crane 's wife , Jean , contributes lyrics to three tracks , including `` Watch Out ! / Reaching Out '' , an adaptation of the Atomic Rooster album cut .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
f77d8046486fb76335df66539f50e530
|
Leonardo DiCaprio is a director.
|
[
{
"docid": "4fa560fd1c4b8d415eb982112dd777f3",
"text": "Leonardo DiCaprio Leonardo Wilhelm DiCaprio ( -LSB- dᵻˈkæpri.oʊ -RSB- born November 11 , 1974 ) is an American actor , film producer , and environmental activist . DiCaprio began his career by appearing in television commercials in the early 1990s , after which he had recurring roles in various television series such as the soap opera Santa Barbara and the sitcom Growing Pains . He began his film career by starring as Josh in Critters 3 ( 1991 ) . He starred in the film adaptation of the memoir This Boy 's Life ( 1993 ) , and was praised for his supporting role in What 's Eating Gilbert Grape ( 1993 ) . He gained public recognition with leading roles in The Basketball Diaries ( 1995 ) and the romantic drama Romeo + Juliet ( 1996 ) , before achieving international fame with James Cameron 's epic romance Titanic ( 1997 ) , which became the highest-grossing film of all time until Cameron 's science fiction film Avatar ( 2009 ) overtook it . Since 2000 , DiCaprio has received critical acclaim for his work in a wide range of film genres . DiCaprio 's subsequent films include The Man in the Iron Mask ( 1998 ) , the biographical crime drama Catch Me If You Can ( 2002 ) , and the epic historical drama Gangs of New York ( 2002 ) , which marked his first of many collaborations with director Martin Scorsese . He was acclaimed for his performances in the political war thriller Blood Diamond ( 2006 ) , the neo-noir crime drama The Departed ( 2006 ) , the espionage thriller Body of Lies ( 2008 ) , the drama Revolutionary Road ( 2008 ) , the psychological thriller Shutter Island ( 2010 ) , the science fiction thriller Inception ( 2010 ) , the biographical film J. Edgar ( 2011 ) , the western Django Unchained ( 2012 ) , and the period drama The Great Gatsby ( 2013 ) . DiCaprio 's portrayals of Howard Hughes in The Aviator ( 2004 ) and Hugh Glass in The Revenant ( 2015 ) won him the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Drama , and his role as Jordan Belfort in The Wolf of Wall Street ( 2013 ) won him the award for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Musical or Comedy . He also won his first Academy Award and BAFTA Award for his performance in The Revenant . DiCaprio is the founder of his own production company , Appian Way Productions .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "281ad9273c5fdedf6b01919646686394",
"text": "Hugo (film) Hugo is a 2011 historical adventure drama film directed and co-produced by Martin Scorsese and adapted for the screen by John Logan . Based on Brian Selznick 's book The Invention of Hugo Cabret , it is about a boy who lives alone in the Gare Montparnasse railway station in Paris in the 1930s . A co-production between Graham King 's GK Films and Johnny Depp 's Infinitum Nihil , the film stars Ben Kingsley , Sacha Baron Cohen , Asa Butterfield , Chloë Grace Moretz , Ray Winstone , Emily Mortimer , Jude Law , Helen McCrory , and Christopher Lee . Hugo is Scorsese 's first film shot in 3D , of which the filmmaker remarked : `` I found 3D to be really interesting , because the actors were more upfront emotionally . Their slightest move , their slightest intention is picked up much more precisely . '' The film was released in the United States on November 23 , 2011 . When it was released , Hugo received critical acclaim and received 11 Academy Award nominations ( including Best Picture ) , more than any other film that year , and won five awards : Best Cinematography , Best Art Direction , Best Sound Mixing , Best Sound Editing and Best Visual Effects . It was also nominated for eight BAFTAs , winning two , and was nominated for three Golden Globe awards , earning Scorsese his third Golden Globe Award for Best Director . The film grossed $ 185 million against a budget of $ 150 -- $ 170 million .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b3c95d6b6f0e5fc404bce953042aa238",
"text": "Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film . The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d7410e3be34bf4ba23bd08c458048855",
"text": "Domenico Distilo Domenico Distilo ( born 25 December 1978 in Rome , Lazio , Italy ) is a filmmaker living and working between Rome , Italy and Berlin , Germany . He graduated in film direction from the Centro Sperimentale di Cinematografia in Rome with the film Unexpected ( Inatteso ) , a documentary on the demand for political asylum in Italy , which was screened at the Festival dei Popoli in Florence and at the Berlinale , within the section `` Forum '' in 2006 . In 2008 , he won the national prize Premio Solinas for the screenplay of the feature film When elephants fight ( Quando gli elefanti combattono ) , written in collaboration with Filippo Gravino and Guido Iuculano . In 2009 , he joined the production company Sciara , where he works as director and producer . In 2011 , he directed two documentaries for RAI 3 , the Italian cultural public channel : Urban extremes - Jerusalem ( Estremi urbani , Gerusalemme ) , on the territorial conflict in Jerusalem and Romany imaginary - Minority artists ( Immaginario Rom - Artisti Contro ) , on Romany art in Hungary . Distilo 's works generally focus on social issues , with a special interest in various forms of contemporary art . In his movie Deep time ( Margini di sottosuolo ) ( 2012 ) , he explored the boundaries between documentary and fiction with a story on archeology and the feelings that bound people to their past . In the documentary Igort , the secret landscape ( 2013 ) , Distilo tells the story of the research and work of Igort , an Italian comics artist and illustrator , for its trilogy on Soviet Union and the evolution of the artist 's relationship with storytelling by image .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ee02aaf7cf1eff088ea377a88da6786d",
"text": "Romeo + Juliet William Shakespeare 's Romeo + Juliet ( shortened to Romeo + Juliet ) is a 1996 American romantic drama film directed , co-produced and co-written by Baz Luhrmann , co-produced by Gabriella Martinelli and co-written by Craig Pearce , being an adaption and modernization of William Shakespeare 's tragedy Romeo and Juliet . The film stars Leonardo DiCaprio and Claire Danes in the leading roles of Romeo and Juliet , who instantly fall in love when Romeo crashes a party and meets her despite them being members of the Montague and Capulet family ; Brian Dennehy , John Leguizamo , Pete Postlethwaite , Paul Sorvino and Diane Venora star in supporting roles . While it retains the original Shakespearean dialogue , the Montagues and the Capulets are represented as warring mafia empires ( with legitimate business fronts ) and swords are replaced with guns ( with brand names such as `` Dagger '' and `` Sword '' ) . Some of the characters ' names are also changed . Lord and Lady Montague and Lord and Lady Capulet are given first names ( as opposed to the Shakespeare original where their first names are never mentioned ) , Friar Lawrence becomes Father Lawrence , and Prince Escalus is renamed Captain Prince . There is also no Friar John , who was in the original play . Also , some characters were switched from one family to the other -- in the original , Gregory and Sampson are Capulets , but in the film , they are Montagues . ( Abram , as Abra , and Petruchio , conversely , are shifted from the Montague to the Capulet family . ) In addition , a few plot details are shifted , most notably near the ending . The film was released on November 1 , 1996 by 20th Century Fox to commercial and generally critical success , grossing over $ 147.5 million over a $ 14.5 million budget and receiving generally positive reviews . At the 47th Berlin International Film Festival in 1997 , DiCaprio won the Silver Bear for Best Actor and Luhrmann won the Alfred Bauer Prize . Luhrmann was also nominated for the Golden Bear Award for Best Picture . At the 69th Academy Awards , Catherine Martin and Brigitte Broch were nominated for Best Art Direction/Set Decoration .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c8df14afc84da47e6777dcafe2d5fb6f",
"text": "Moving Picture Institute The Moving Picture Institute ( MPI ) is an American non-profit organization and film production company founded in 2005 by human rights advocate Thor Halvorssen . Its current executive director is Rob Pfaltzgraff . MPI produces and collaborates on both fictional films , and non-fictional , often documentary-style films . The subjects of MPI 's films typically center on concepts like human rights and individual freedoms , and governmental waste and corruption . It uses its films as a medium through which these kinds of social and economic troubles are brought to public attention to shape public perceptions , and ultimately , to change society 's values . As Halvorssen explains , `` Put it this way : What Sideways did for Pinot noir , I want to do for freedom . '' Public exposure to freedom-oriented ideas , they contend , will contribute to the improvement of these important issues which they feel tend to be ignored by other traditional media outlets .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "05f38b0e91d0b6ad2149848aa69120b8",
"text": "Jonas Carpignano Jonas Carpignano is an Italian film director know the film Mediterranea .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8a593c45252fe30863506c145fa7fa73",
"text": "Carlo Di Palma Carlo Di Palma ( 17 April 19259 July 2004 ) was an Italian cinematographer , renowned for his work on both color and black-and-white films , whose most famous collaborations were with Michelangelo Antonioni and Woody Allen .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "42ca9a037e3440c74d8c1aa800b03edb",
"text": "Lorenzo di Bonaventura Lorenzo di Bonaventura ( -LSB- loˈrɛntso di bɔ nɑ vɛnˈtu rɑ -RSB- ; born November 29 , 1957 ) is an American film producer and founder of his company Di Bonaventura Pictures . He is best known for producing the Transformers film series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d4e1f6999f6a9000d20d5d7b8307b11b",
"text": "Mario Gallo Mario Gallo ( July 31 , 1878 - 1945 ) was an Italian born Argentine film director of the 1900s and 1910s and one of the earliest directors in the Cinema of Argentina . He directed what is nowadays considered the first fiction feature movie , El Fusilamiento de Dorrego , now lost . Born in Barletta , Apulia , southern Italy , Gallo arrived in Argentina in 1905 and began directing in 1909 El Fusilamiento de Dorrego , which he presented a year later . Argentine cinema had so far consisted of shorts depicting parts of Buenos Aires and even a documental by Eugène Py , in 1900 , but Gallo 's film was the first to be a feature work of fiction . In later years , Gallo claimed to have filmed other films first , all equally lost and of which remained no evidence . Gallo 's films consisted of short glimpses of reenacted Argentine history - historical events , myths and battles . He died at Buenos Aires in 1945 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dc6a18576cd3951f75320d8b6c521dae",
"text": "David di Donatello for Best New Director The David di Donatello is a major Italian film award given by the Italian Film Academy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ec58dd1a5c96621e39796c5ee5402611",
"text": "Un monde nouveau Un monde nouveau is a 1966 French-Italian drama film directed by Vittorio De Sica . Most notably it featured Sean Connery as himself . Harry Saltzman produced the film .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "87e0a71d1b89fd35812cec8c3154544d",
"text": "Lasciami entrare (album) Lasciami entrare is the fifth album of the Italian singer Valerio Scanu , which was published on January 28 , 2014 by NatyLoveYou . The album was preceded by the single Sui nostri passi released on January 7 , 2014 . A week later even the videoclip was released . The album contains 11 tracks , two of which are in English Sometimes Love and Alone and the rest in Italian . A 12th song Parole di cristallo in acoustic version is available only with the digital album download . After contract termination with recording label Emi Music Italy and the creation of his own label NatyLoveYou , he is now more in control of his artistic life and free to express deepest feelings also by undertaking a new path , that of songwriter . In this album we see Valerio Scanu in the roles of singer , lyrics writer and also producer . Scanu also composed the music of the song Parole di cristallo . The lyrics of 8 songs in this album have been written by Scanu . Sometimes Love has been written by singer / composer Kykah while Un giorno in più has been written together with singer / composer Silvia Olari . As can be seen from the track list , there are several authors and co-authors in this new album other than the same Valerio Scanu . There is Luca Mattioni ( among other brilliant arranger and producer of the album ) producer who had previously worked with Scanu ; Mario Cianchi another old acquaintance of Scanu and author of many successes of the past years ; David Rossi ( son of Vasco Rossi ) , Silvia Olari ( friend and colleague from the era of `` Amici 8 '' ) ; Andrea Amati , Federico Paciotti , Mirko Tommasi , Daniel Choir and Federica Camba ( who in this record signed with her real name , that is , Fratoni ) , Luca Bussoletti , and William Knight . The arrangements and artistic production was assigned to Luca Mattioni , who , together with two mastering engineers , Matt Howe who mixed the album in London and Chris Gehringer who mastered the album in New York , gave an international sound to this project . The album is produced and presented by NatyLoveYou an Independent recording label founded by Valerio Scanu himself , and distributed by Self Distribuzioni and Digital Believe Italy ( for the digital version ) . Scanu presented to his fans a brief explanation of every song . In particular , the title of the album ` Lasciami Entrare ' , when translated means `` Let me in '' , represents the dream of the artist to enter into the heart of people , even into the heart of those who do not know him . Music critic Roberto Graziani made a meticulous technical analysis of every song in this album while emphasizing on the musical and vocal evolution achieved by Scanu .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c4560eb3bc497b271b96273053107e0c",
"text": "Norman Lear Center The Norman Lear Center is a multi-disciplinary research and public policy center exploring implications of the convergence of entertainment , commerce , and society . It is based at the USC Annenberg School for Communication . Through scholarship and research , and its programs of visiting fellows , conferences , public events and publications , the Lear Center works to be at the forefront of discussion and practice in the field . The Center is named for benefactor Norman Lear , the social activist and philanthropist , and television producer , and was founded and is directed by Marty Kaplan , associate dean of the USC Annenberg School , who has been a political speechwriter , Hollywood studio executive , and screenwriter-producer . The Lear Center officially launched on January 24 , 2000 . Some of the programs it houses include Entertainment Goes Global , which explores the political , cultural , economic and technological implications of the globalization of entertainment ; Celebrity , Politics & Public Life , wherein faculty and deans from over 20 USC departments convene to develop an inter-disciplinary analysis of American political life , as it is shaped by popular culture ; and Hollywood , Health & Society , which provides entertainment industry professionals with accurate and timely information for health storylines . Hollywood , Health & Society is funded by , and works closely with such governmental agencies as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , the National Institutes of Health , and the National Cancer Institute . That program hosts its annual Sentinel for Health Awards to recognize exemplary television storylines that best inform , educate and motivate viewers to make choices for healthier and safer lives . Since 2005 , the Lear Center 's Grand Avenue Intervention Project has been a driving force behind the civic outreach for the planning of a new 16 acre park in the heart of downtown Los Angeles . In partnership with the Los Angeles Times , the Lear Center solicited design proposals from the public and published a selection of them in a special section of the Times . The Lear Center 's publishing imprint has published several works of scholarship such as Artists , Technology & The Ownership of Creative Content , Warners ' War : Politics , Pop Culture & Propaganda in Wartime Hollywood , Frank Capra and the Image of the Journalist in American Film , and Ready to Share : Creativity & Fashion in Digital Culture .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b2be61b78437813cec1a8dda89450a84",
"text": "Directors Guild of Nigeria The Directors Guild of Nigeria ( DGN ) is an entertainment guild which serves as the umbrella for film and television directors in the Nigerian motion picture industry . It is currently headed by Fred Amata who serves as the President .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "def0aedff5557d0ee35128535de300bd",
"text": "American Film Institute The American Film Institute ( AFI ) is an American film organization that educates filmmakers and honors the heritage of the motion picture arts in the United States . AFI is supported by private funding and public membership .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "278ece139dbdb4ab85d886617f299f0d",
"text": "Bac films BAC Films is a French Film production and distribution company based in Paris and founded by Jean Labadie , Éric Heumann and Stéphane Sorlat in 1986 . In 1988 , Vivendi took first a 10 % , then a 20 % stake in the capital of the company and allowed Bac Films to make major and ambitious acquisitions . The success story started in 1990 with Sailor et Lula , Palme d'or at the Cannes Film Festival . The releases of Barton Fink and Tous les matins du monde in 1991 , Indochine and Le Zèbre in 1992 , La Leçon de piano in 1993 placed BAC Film at the top of independent film distribution in France . In 1994 , Bac Films started diversifying its activity with the creation of Les Écrans de Paris , in association with Simon Simsi . In 1997 , the movie theater business is created under the name of Majestic and the group undergoes a reorganization around the Alicar holding : Bac Films ( distribution ) , Majestic ( movie theaters ) and Séance Privée ( special events ) . In 1998 , BAC Films sets up Mars Films allowing BAC Films to distribute its numerous acquisitions . In 2000 , the group is introduced on the stock market under the name BAC Majestic . Two years later BAC Majestic goes through a major financial crisis and is forced to give up its movie theater business . In 2003 , Millimages takes a majority stake in the company . Jean Labadie , founder of the company is ousted in 2007 and Roch Lener becomes the Chief Executive Officer . In October 2013 , the company is sold again and David Grumbach becomes the new Chairman . The catalogue consists of a vast range of French and foreign titles . Since its creation , BAC Films distributed more than of which 8 received the Palme d'or at the Cannes Film Festival .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "608ee0789bd7de5059eccd7cd124b390",
"text": "Directors Guild of Great Britain The Directors Guild of Great Britain ( DGGB ) is a professional organization which represents directors across all media , including film , television , theatre , radio , opera , commercials , music videos , corporate film/video and training , documentaries , multimedia and `` new technology '' . It has evolved to become an independent trade union and a non-profit limited company , asset-linked to the Directors Guild Trust , the charity arm of the Guild .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1e013ee69c2cc3cfdbeadc3a1942a3ec",
"text": "Leonardo the Musical: A Portrait of Love Leonardo the Musical : A Portrait of Love is a musical with a book by Greg Moeller and Russell Dunlop and music by Greg Moeller and lyrics by Tommy Moeller . The 1993 West End production is considered one of the biggest disasters in the history of London theatre but had rave reviews in Oxford . The management changed the original music and scripts after Oxford shows . The project , a highly fictionalized account of Leonardo da Vinci 's creation of the Mona Lisa , was the brainchild of Duke Minks , an advisor to the Republic of Nauru and former road manager for the 1960s pop group , Unit 4 + 2 . He convinced government officials to invest # 2 million -- derived from profits earned from their major export , marine deposits rich in phosphates -- in the production , a fact later gleefully exploited by the critics in their scathing reviews . The rambling plot -- which started and ended with its protagonist on his deathbed , his completed masterpiece at his side -- centered on the struggling artist da Vinci 's commission to paint a young woman named Lisa , betrothed to nobleman Francesco Del Giocondo . The artist and his model engage in a passionate affair resulting in her pregnancy , and she returns to her fiancé , pretending the child is his to avoid public scandal and his private wrath . Eventually she returns to beg for forgiveness from the now successful da Vinci , who accidentally is murdered by her husband when he confronts the two in a jealous rage . A subplot hinting at da Vinci 's homosexuality involved his close friendship with his young assistant , a painter named Melzi . The production , plagued by problems with sets , costumes , and -- most significantly -- the script throughout its development , opened at the Strand Theatre on June 3 , 1993 . By the time the performance ended , nearly four hours after the curtain first rose , most of the audience had departed . A victim of critical disdain and audience indifference , the show closed five weeks later on July 10 . The cast included Paul Collis , Jane Arden , James Barron , and Hal Fowler .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "697580c81479770dc6c70a31e36dd7f8",
"text": "B movie A B movie is a low-budget commercial movie , but one that is not an arthouse film . In its original usage , during the Golden Age of Hollywood , the term more precisely identified films intended for distribution as the less-publicized bottom half of a double feature . Although the U.S. production of movies intended as second features largely ceased by the end of the 1950s , the term B movie continues to be used in the broader sense it maintains today . In its post -- Golden Age usage , there is ambiguity on both sides of the definition : on the one hand , the primary interest of many inexpensive exploitation films is prurient ; on the other , many B movies display a high degree of craft and aesthetic ingenuity . In either usage , most B movies represent a particular genre -- the Western was a Golden Age B movie staple , while low-budget science-fiction and horror films became more popular in the 1950s . Early B movies were often part of series in which the star repeatedly played the same character . Almost always shorter than the top-billed films they were paired with , many had running times of 70 minutes or less . The term connoted a general perception that B movies were inferior to the more handsomely budgeted headliners ; individual B films were often ignored by critics . Latter-day B movies still sometimes inspire multiple sequels , but series are less common . As the average running time of top-of-the-line films increased , so did that of B pictures . In its current usage , the term has somewhat contradictory connotations : it may signal an opinion that a certain movie is ( a ) a genre film with minimal artistic ambitions or ( b ) a lively , energetic film uninhibited by the constraints imposed on more expensive projects and unburdened by the conventions of putatively `` serious '' independent film . The term is also now used loosely to refer to some higher-budgeted , mainstream films with exploitation-style content , usually in genres traditionally associated with the B movie . From their beginnings to the present day , B movies have provided opportunities both for those coming up in the profession and others whose careers are waning . Celebrated filmmakers such as Anthony Mann and Jonathan Demme learned their craft in B movies . They are where actors such as John Wayne and Jack Nicholson first became established , and they have provided work for former A movie actors , such as Vincent Price and Karen Black . Some actors , such as Bela Lugosi , Eddie Constantine and Pam Grier , worked in B movies for most of their careers . The term B actor is sometimes used to refer to a performer who finds work primarily or exclusively in B pictures .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4a913a508bcb016d99cd6c7e4975a6a1",
"text": "Major film studio A major film studio is a production and film distributor that releases a substantial number of films annually and consistently commands a significant share of box office revenue in a given market . In the North American , Western , and global markets , the major film studios , often simply known as the majors , are commonly regarded as the six diversified media conglomerates whose various film production and distribution subsidiaries collectively command approximately 80 to 85 percent of U.S. and Canadian box office revenue . The term may also be applied more specifically to the primary motion picture business subsidiary of each respective conglomerate . The `` Big Six '' majors , whose operations are based in or around the Los Angeles neighborhood of Hollywood , are all centered in film studios active during Hollywood 's Golden Age of the 1930s and 1940s . In three cases -- 20th Century Fox , Warner Bros. , and Paramount -- the studios were one of the `` Big Five '' majors during that era as well . In two cases -- Columbia and Universal -- the studios were also considered majors , but in the next tier down , part of the `` Little Three '' . In the sixth case , Walt Disney Studios was an independent production company during the Golden Age ; it was an important Hollywood entity , but not a major . Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , United Artists , and RKO were majors . Today , Disney is the only member of the Big Six whose parent entity is still located near Los Angeles ( actually , on Disney 's studio lot and in the same building ) . The five others report to conglomerates headquartered in New York City , Philadelphia , and Tokyo . Of the Big Six , Paramount is the only one still based in Hollywood , and Paramount and Fox are the only ones still located within the Los Angeles city limits , while Disney and Warner Bros. are located in Burbank , Columbia in Culver City , and Universal in the unincorporated area of Universal City . Most of today 's Big Six control subsidiaries with their own distribution networks that concentrate on arthouse pictures ( e.g. Fox Searchlight Pictures ) or genre films ( e.g. Sony 's Screen Gems ) ; several of these specialty units were shut down or sold off between 2008 and 2010 . The six major studios are contrasted with smaller production and/or distribution companies , which are known as independents or `` indies '' . The leading independent producer/distributors -- Lionsgate Films , The Weinstein Company , and former major studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer -- are sometimes referred to as `` mini-majors '' . From 1998 through 2005 , DreamWorks SKG commanded a large enough market share to arguably qualify it as a seventh major , despite its relatively small output . In 2006 , DreamWorks was acquired by Viacom , Paramount 's corporate parent . In late 2008 , DreamWorks once again became an independent production company ; its films were distributed by Disney 's Touchstone Pictures until 2016 , at which point distribution switched to Universal . The Big Six major studios are today primarily backers and distributors of films whose actual production is largely handled by independent companies -- either long-running entities or ones created for and dedicated to the making of a specific film . The specialty divisions often simply acquire distribution rights to pictures in which the studio has had no prior involvement . While the majors still do a modicum of true production , their activities are focused more in the areas of development , financing , marketing , and merchandising . Those business functions are still usually performed in or near Los Angeles , even though the runaway production phenomenon means that most films are now mostly or completely shot on location at places outside Los Angeles . Since the dawn of filmmaking , the U.S. major film studios have dominated both American cinema and the global film industry . U.S. studios have benefited from a strong first-mover advantage in that they were the first to industrialize filmmaking and master the art of mass-producing and distributing high-quality films with broad cross-cultural appeal . Today , the Big Six majors routinely distribute hundreds of films every year into all significant international markets ( that is , where discretionary income is high enough for consumers to afford to watch films ) . It is very rare , if not impossible , for a film to reach a broad international audience on multiple continents and in multiple languages without first being picked up by one of the majors for distribution .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
beec49636c9ff85025be727e7c2c0735
|
Bowie's music draws from industrial and jungle styles.
|
[
{
"docid": "c71510af92a6d6aee087403d7d183f99",
"text": "David Bowie David Robert Jones ( 8 January 1947 -- 10 January 2016 ) , known professionally as David Bowie ( -LSB- ˈboʊi -RSB- ) , was an English singer , songwriter and actor . He was a figure in popular music for over five decades , becoming acclaimed by critics and other musicians for his innovative work . His career was marked by reinvention and visual presentation , his music and stagecraft significantly influencing popular music . During his lifetime , his record sales , estimated at 140 million worldwide , made him one of the world 's best-selling music artists . In the UK , he was awarded nine platinum album certifications , eleven gold and eight silver , releasing eleven number-one albums . In the US , he received five platinum and seven gold certifications . He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1996 . Born in Brixton , South London , Bowie developed an interest in music as a child , eventually studying art , music and design before embarking on a professional career as a musician in 1963 . `` Space Oddity '' became his first top-five entry on the UK Singles Chart after its release in July 1969 . After a period of experimentation , he re-emerged in 1972 during the glam rock era with his flamboyant and androgynous alter ego Ziggy Stardust . The character was spearheaded by the success of his single `` Starman '' and album The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars , which won him widespread popularity . In 1975 , Bowie 's style shifted radically towards a sound he characterised as `` plastic soul '' , initially alienating many of his UK devotees but garnering him his first major US crossover success with the number-one single `` Fame '' and the album Young Americans . In 1976 , Bowie starred in the cult film The Man Who Fell to Earth and released Station to Station . The following year , he further confounded musical expectations with the electronic-inflected album Low ( 1977 ) , the first of three collaborations with Brian Eno that would come to be known as the `` Berlin Trilogy '' . `` Heroes '' ( 1977 ) and Lodger ( 1979 ) followed ; each album reached the UK top five and received lasting critical praise . After uneven commercial success in the late 1970s , Bowie had UK number ones with the 1980 single `` Ashes to Ashes '' , its parent album Scary Monsters and Super Creeps , and `` Under Pressure '' , a 1981 collaboration with Queen . He then reached his commercial peak in 1983 with Let 's Dance , with its title track topping both UK and US charts . Throughout the 1990s and 2000s , Bowie continued to experiment with musical styles , including industrial and jungle . He also continued acting ; his roles included Major Celliers in Merry Christmas , Mr. Lawrence ( 1983 ) , the Goblin King Jareth in Labyrinth ( 1986 ) , Pontius Pilate in The Last Temptation of Christ ( 1988 ) , and Nikola Tesla in The Prestige ( 2006 ) , among other film and television appearances and cameos . He stopped concert touring after 2004 , and his last live performance was at a charity event in 2006 . In 2013 , Bowie returned from a decade-long recording hiatus with the release of The Next Day . He remained musically active until he died of liver cancer two days after the release of his final album , Blackstar ( 2016 ) .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "4f6d740ccb8bab86f54c0572c9d0239e",
"text": "My Life with the Thrill Kill Kult discography The American electronic industrial rock band My Life with the Thrill Kill Kult has released ten studio albums , one live album , three compilation albums , two video albums , six remix albums , three extended plays , and ten singles . In addition , their songs have been featured on three soundtrack albums and one promotional single for major Hollywood films . They began their career on the independent record label Wax Trax ! Records , which , like the band , was based in Chicago . In 1991 , their single `` Sexplosion ! '' from the album of the same name became a top 10 dance club hit in the U.S. Following this success , Thrill Kill Kult was signed by the major label Interscope Records , which re-released the Sexplosion ! album . On Interscope , the band achieved their biggest hit , `` Sex On Wheelz '' , which reached the top 20 on both the dance club and alternative U.S. charts . The band 's 1993 Interscope album 13 Above the Night was their only album to chart , reaching # 194 on the Billboard top 200 albums chart . The album provided two more dance chart hits , `` Blue Buddha '' and `` Final Blindness '' . After one more Interscope album , Thrill Kill Kult briefly moved to Red Ant Records in the late 1990s . Their releases since 2000 have been on Rykodisc and/or the band 's own label , Sleazebox Records . Thrill Kill Kult 's songs have also been featured ( along with other artists ) on three soundtrack albums for the films Cool World ( 1992 ) , The Crow ( 1994 ) , and Showgirls ( 1995 ) , as well as a promo-only single for the film The Flintstones ( 1994 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "98b5c5498436e2ae6e4d93e3577864ce",
"text": "Leftism (album) Leftism is the first studio album by electronica musicians Paul Daley and Neil Barnes under the name Leftfield . The album was released in 1995 on Columbia Records . It contained a mixture of new tracks along with reworked versions of previous Leftfield singles . The album contains guest spots from musicians not associated with dance music at the time such as John Lydon from Public Image Ltd. ( and formerly of Sex Pistols ) and Toni Halliday from Curve . The album was described as progressive house , although some journalists found that label too limiting , suggesting the album incorporated many genres . After completing the album , the duo in Leftfield initially were not happy with it . On its release , the album was well received from the British press with positive reviews from the NME and Q . The album was nominated for the Mercury Prize in 1995 but lost to Portishead . Leftism sold well and was released months later in the United States . Critics have praised the album as one of the major album-length works of dance music , with Q referring to it as `` the first truly complete album experience to be created by house musicians and the first quintessentially British one '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ded86706358540e1bbed059c091d0a7e",
"text": "Tony Visconti Anthony Edward `` Tony '' Visconti ( born April 24 , 1944 ) is an American record producer , musician and singer . Since the late 1960s , he has worked with an array of performers . His lengthiest involvement with any artist is with David Bowie : intermittently from Bowie 's second album in 1969 to the 2016 release Blackstar , Visconti produced and occasionally performed on many of Bowie 's albums .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2ac69490e7f95f55458744fceb8fbcb4",
"text": "Mindspawn Mindspawn is a soundscape , dark ambient , post industrial act formed and fronted by Gene Williams . Williams was raised on a farm in the remote area of the Ozark Mountains in Missouri . In his late teens , Williams left his homeland and lived in a variety of places both in the United States and abroad , doing a variety of things , including graphic art , construction work , bull-riding , archaeology , spelunking , and more . Around 1980 Williams began to experiment in music , playing in a few small bands , but eventually becoming enthralled with multitrack tape and field recordings . Over the next decade he gathered sounds from various caves , wells , cisterns , archaeological sites , and more , as well as continuing to hone his musical abilities with several instruments . During the bulk of this era he was largely a solitary experimentalist and he had no public releases . In the early 1990s , Williams relocated to the Boston area . At that time , he first began to perform under the guise of Mindspawn . Eventually , Williams started his own record label , Dark Seeds , and began releasing his material and that of other similar minded artists . The first Mindspawn release was the album Conversing With Zardoz , in 1999 . Darkness Weaves was released a year later in 2000 and Null Infinite was released in 2001 . Mindspawn `` singles '' also appear on several compilations . From 2001 to 2004 , Mindspawn 's sounds found their way onto documentaries like `` America 's Most Haunted Town , '' various video games , and a wide variety of other artist releases . In 2005 , Mindspawn and Coph Nia collaborated on the post industrial dark ambient album , Erotomechaniks , which enjoyed critical success and was widely well received . Between 2000 and 2008 , Williams continued to perform and compose as Mindspawn , while operating a recording/sound design studio in Boston , MA . During this period , Williams engineered and produced a variety of artists and projects ranging from EDM to video games and film . In 2006-2007 Williams and Steve Smith ( house music vocalist ) of Dirty Vegas composed and produced the theme for the `` Standoff ( TV series ) '' and scored the cult film `` The Boys & Girls Guide to Getting Down '' by Paul Sapiano . The `` Standoff '' theme song was nominated for an Emmy for Best Theme Song in 2007 . Between 2008-2011 the Mindspawn project was on hiatus while Williams explored other interests and recovered from health issues . In late 2011 , Williams once again began performing live and releasing sounds and music under the Mindspawn name . In September 2014 , the Mindspawn album Parasite Theory was released . 2016 saw Mindspawn reunite with Coph Nia on the collaboration album , Erotomechaniks II . Mindspawn/Gene Williams continues to produce , compose , and perform live . The Mindspawn name was chosen as an ambiguous play on words , the two `` meanings '' being Mind 's Pawn and Mind Spawn . Beyond the obvious no further meaning has ever been intended . The sound composed/created by Mindspawn varies from soundscapes and industrial ambience to dark ambient , including claustrophobic film music and sound categorized as space music . Mindspawn sound has been aptly referred to as sound sculptures or sonic tapestries .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b2307be178c0ac65b29c2ab35becd0a6",
"text": "Les Tambours du Bronx Les Tambours du Bronx ( `` the Drums of the Bronx '' ) is a French industrial percussion band created in 1987 . Les Tambours du Bronx has 17 musicians on stage surrounded by synthetic sounds , samples , and singing , all in time with the powerful rhythm . It built its reputation reviving drums from rough energetic music ; a mixture of industrial music , afrobeat , drum 'n' bass , hip-hop , rock , metal , hardcore and techno .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bab3db5f0b9d4679ad5c4580317c75d7",
"text": "Pallas Athena (song) `` Pallas Athena '' is a song written by David Bowie in 1993 for the album Black Tie White Noise . The name is taken from the Greek goddess , Athena , who is famously depicted in Athenian statues under the form of Pallas Athena . Hence , the name of the song is a suggestion of religion and icons and sets the mood for a dark piece concerning the power that religion has over man . The lyrics are rather sparse , but the phrase beginning the piece , `` God is on top of it , that 's all , '' delivered as though from an African-American preacher , is ominous and intimidating , accompanied with the sound of strings delivering a sorrowful melody . The piece develops into a techno dance piece , using string sounds to hold the ominous mood while overlaid atop bass and drums . David Bowie 's saxophone playing is amplified into a scream-like sound , which solos , along with Lester Bowie on trumpet . A lyric , `` We are , we are , we are , we are praying , '' is repeated through the close of the song in a somber , monk-like fashion . Ultimately , the song restates Bowie 's interest in how man relates with God . Bowie used to play a drum 'n' bass version of the song during his 1997 Earthling tour , and a live version recorded at Paradiso , Holland 10 June 1997 was released as a single under the name Tao Jones Index , a very limited edition only available on 12 '' vinyl . Bowie played as Tao Jones Index during his performance in a dance tent at Phoenix Festival in 1997 . It is a pun based on his birth name , David Jones , and his then recent bond offering to the Dow Jones Index . Tao , a Chinese character pronounced `` dao , '' not only stands for the Chinese equivalent to Bowie 's first initial , `` D '' , but also has heavy religious implications through its correlation to Taoism , therefore contributing to the religious overtones of `` Pallas Athena . '' The Chinese character 道 means `` the way '' ( the path , the route ) . It was announced in March 2010 that a digital download EP would be made available in June 2010 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "465204d2ef2f149df4244f9f625bcb72",
"text": "Icarus (band) Icarus are a band from London , England , who specialise in a kind of electronic drum and bass with elements of experimental jazz and rich instrumentation . Formed in 1997 by cousins Ollie Bown and Sam Britton , the band 's music has been described by Kieran Hebden as `` really beautiful and also quite kind of evil '' . Hebden included an Icarus track , `` Benevolent Incubator '' , on his Late Night Tales compilation , and Icarus also provided a remix of the Four Tet track `` My Angel Rocks Back and Forth '' . Icarus have also remixed Murcof , Lunz , The Creatures , Spartak and Eclectic Method Featuring Chuck D. Icarus founded the independent label Not Applicable in 2002 , which became a collective project with other improvising musicians . In 2008 , Ollie Bown moved to Australia , and the band has been less active since then . Bown and Britton work in several other musical projects , but continue to produce music together as Icarus . In 2012 Icarus released an experimental `` album in 1,000 variations '' called Fake Fish Distribution , which used parametric software techniques to allow the band to make 1,000 distinct versions of the record , with elements varying such as the rhythmic patterns of drums , effects parameters or the order of progression through the tracks . It was supported by STEIM in The Netherlands and Ableton , makers of Ableton Live , and used the Max for Live technology to create the software . Also in 2012 , they were commissioned by Aphex Twin to build a piece of software for his Remote Orchestra project , in which he controlled a 32 piece orchestra in realtime by sending frequencies to each of the players on headphones . The work was used in a one-off performance at London 's Barbican Hall .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "92af06f7b791692fdbe9b4960f097731",
"text": "Industrial hip hop Industrial hip hop is a fusion genre of industrial music with the rhythms or vocals of hip hop .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f45f9222a3ccaaeeed14340efacdbe70",
"text": "Music Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time . The common elements of music are pitch ( which governs melody and harmony ) , rhythm ( and its associated concepts tempo , meter , and articulation ) , dynamics ( loudness and softness ) , and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture ( which are sometimes termed the `` color '' of a musical sound ) . Different styles or types of music may emphasize , de-emphasize or omit some of these elements . Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping ; there are solely instrumental pieces , solely vocal pieces ( such as songs without instrumental accompaniment ) and pieces that combine singing and instruments . The word derives from Greek μουσική #Ancient Greek ( mousike ; `` art of the Muses '' ) . In its most general form , the activities describing music as an art form or cultural activity include the creation of works of music ( songs , tunes , symphonies , and so on ) , the criticism of music , the study of the history of music , and the aesthetic examination of music . Ancient Greek and Indian philosophers defined music as tones ordered horizontally as melodies and vertically as harmonies . Common sayings such as `` the harmony of the spheres '' and `` it is music to my ears '' point to the notion that music is often ordered and pleasant to listen to . However , 20th-century composer John Cage thought that any sound can be music , saying , for example , `` There is no noise , only sound . '' The creation , performance , significance , and even the definition of music vary according to culture and social context . Indeed , throughout history , some new forms or styles of music have been criticized as `` not being music '' , including Beethoven 's Grosse Fuge string quartet in 1825 , early jazz in the beginning of the 1900s and hardcore punk in the 1980s . There are many types of music , including popular music , traditional music , art music , music written for religious ceremonies and work songs such as chanteys . Music ranges from strictly organized compositions -- such as Classical music symphonies from the 1700s and 1800s , through to spontaneously played improvisational music such as jazz , and avant-garde styles of chance-based contemporary music from the 20th and 21st centuries . Music can be divided into genres ( e.g. , country music ) and genres can be further divided into subgenres ( e.g. , country blues and pop country are two of the many country subgenres ) , although the dividing lines and relationships between music genres are often subtle , sometimes open to personal interpretation , and occasionally controversial . For example , it can be hard to draw the line between some early 1980s hard rock and heavy metal . Within the arts , music may be classified as a performing art , a fine art or as an auditory art . Music may be played or sung and heard live at a rock concert or orchestra performance , heard live as part of a dramatic work ( a music theater show or opera ) , or it may be recorded and listened to on a radio , MP3 player , CD player , smartphone or as film score or TV show . In many cultures , music is an important part of people 's way of life , as it plays a key role in religious rituals , rite of passage ceremonies ( e.g. , graduation and marriage ) , social activities ( e.g. , dancing ) and cultural activities ranging from amateur karaoke singing to playing in an amateur funk band or singing in a community choir . People may make music as a hobby , like a teen playing cello in a youth orchestra , or work as a professional musician or singer . The music industry includes the individuals who create new songs and musical pieces ( such as songwriters and composers ) , individuals who perform music ( which include orchestra , jazz band and rock band musicians , singers and conductors ) , individuals who record music ( music producers and sound engineers ) , individuals who organize concert tours , and individuals who sell recordings and sheet music and scores to customers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "31650548a32e5b4a88e5de4d686f9b67",
"text": "Black Metal (Venom album) Black Metal is the second album by English heavy metal band Venom . It was released in November 1982 , during the great flourishing of metal music in the UK that was the new wave of British heavy metal , and is considered a major influence on the thrash metal , death metal and black metal scenes that emerged in the 1980s and early 1990s . Although lending its name to the latter subgenre of heavy metal , today it is still debated if the album 's music is thrash metal or black metal . AllMusic has described it as `` extreme metal '' , while Moynihan & Søderlind in their book affirm that the album `` carved in stone some of -LSB- black metal 's -RSB- essential features '' . Nevertheless , its lyrics and imagery were a major influence on the early Norwegian black metal scene . The cover art was made by the band 's bassist and singer Conrad `` Cronos '' Lant .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "960d3b0628e85082e8da0b657555024b",
"text": "4-beat 4-beat ( also known as hardcore or happy hardcore ) is a breakbeat style of music that emerged around 1993 . It evolved from breakbeat hardcore emanating from the United Kingdom rave scene . Due to the sheer scale of the United Kingdom rave scene , the popularity of this particular music was largely limited to England where it was almost exclusively produced and played . Breakbeat hardcore was originally referred to as hardcore by ravers in England . As such , this evolved style was also alternatively known as hardcore or happy hardcore -- the latter meaning a happier variant of this breakbeat styled hardcore , thus happy hardcore ( i.e. happy breakbeat ) . Darkcore was the short lived counter-movement to happy that occurred at the same time . The name happy hardcore should not be confused with other things that are also referred to as happy hardcore , as that term is much shared across the world to describe different sounding things that have their own development . Also in this article , 4-beat is not a musical term commonly used to describe a drum beat time signature found in most types of modern music , but is rather a specific name used to describe a breakbeat music style .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0ef9e81a769e2ea5b81215b53bc5e4b9",
"text": "Jungle (band) Jungle are an English modern soul musical collective based in London .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f501bca0cd78ba1f30657e298cc11aa4",
"text": "List of Billboard 200 number-one albums of 1983 The Billboard 200 , published in Billboard magazine , is a weekly chart that ranks the highest-selling music albums and EPs in the United States . In 1983 , the name of the chart was Top LPs & Tape . Before Nielsen SoundScan began tracking sales in 1991 , Billboard estimated sales from a representative sampling of record stores nationwide , using telephone , fax or messenger service . Data were based on rankings made by the record stores of the best-selling records , not on actual sales figures . There were six number-one albums on this chart in 1983 , including the debut album of the Australian band Men at Work , Business as Usual , which spent the last seven weeks of 1982 and the first eight weeks of 1983 at number one , and was certified quadruple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) in 1984 . Thriller , the sixth studio album by recording artist Michael Jackson , was released on November 1982 . It peaked at number one for twenty-two non-consecutive weeks in 1983 with another fifteen consecutive weeks at the top into the following year , and seven songs from the album became top ten singles between late 1982 and early 1984 . Two of them : `` Billie Jean '' and `` Beat It '' , reached the top position of the Billboard Hot 100 . Thriller won eight Grammy Awards , including Album of the Year at the 26th Grammy Awards , and was the best-selling album of 1983 with more than fifteen million copies sold . In 2008 , twenty-five years after its release , the record was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame , and a few weeks later , it was among twenty-five recordings preserved by the Library of Congress to the National Recording Registry as `` culturally significant '' . Flashdance , the soundtrack to the 1983 musical and romance film of the same name , peaked at number one for two weeks and won the Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack Album for a Motion Picture . The two singles released from the album , `` Flashdance ... What a Feeling '' by Irene Cara , and `` Maniac '' by Michael Sembello , reached the top of the singles chart in 1983 . The New York Times considered the British band The Police to be the year 's most influential rock band . Australian , British , and American bands copied the white-reggae formula of their ( The Police 's ) earlier successes . The group released their fifth and final studio album , Synchronicity , in 1983 . The album , a varied accomplished blend of rock , funk , and third-world rhythms , stayed at number one for seventeen weeks and was certified four times platinum by the RIAA in 1984 . Metal Health , the third album by heavy metal band Quiet Riot , peaked at number one for one week , becoming the first heavy metal record to reach the top of the Billboard 200 . Singer-songwriter Lionel Richie released his second album Ca n't Slow Down in 1983 , which spent three weeks at the top and won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year at the 27th Grammy Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b776a8554a892a48acf6334a33d05d26",
"text": "Bombers (Gary Numan song) `` Bombers '' is the second single by Tubeway Army , released in 1978 . The song is in a somewhat more conventional rock style than their punk-oriented debut , `` That 's Too Bad '' , and features sound effects simulating air raid sirens , dive bombers , and machine gun fire . Like its predecessor , the single earned indifferent reviews and failed to chart . It is one of the few recordings in his career which Numan did not produce himself . Though their musical styles differ , the song 's subject matter is generally seen as a thinly disguised rewrite of David Bowie 's `` Five Years '' , the opening track of The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars ( 1972 ) . Both songs feature detached observations of urban panic caused by impending catastrophe . `` Bombers '' ( which has nothing to do with another Bowie track of the same name ) is sung from the perspective of both a witness on the ground ( `` Look up , I hear the scream of sirens on the wall '' ) and the bomber pilot ( `` And me I know just where you are , you see I 'm a bomber man '' ) . The B-sides were `` Blue Eyes '' , which harked back to the fast-paced punk style of `` That 's Too Bad '' , and `` O.D. Receiver '' , a slower piece whose lyrics reflected a Burroughsian world of drug addiction . All tracks on the original vinyl single were credited to ` Valerian ' , the name that Numan ( born Gary Webb ) had chosen for himself prior to Tubeway Army 's début album ; these would be his last releases using that nom de plume ; henceforward he would call himself Gary Numan . `` Bombers '' was also later released as a gatefold with the single `` That 's Too Bad ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "06abd001f67147bbe0ff06a9897e34ae",
"text": "The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars ( often shortened to Ziggy Stardust ) is the fifth studio album by English musician David Bowie , released on 16 June 1972 . It is a concept album telling the story of a fictional rock star named Ziggy Stardust . It peaked at No. 5 in the United Kingdom on the UK Albums Chart and No. 75 in the United States on the Billboard 200 , then improved to a No. 21 position in the wake of Bowie 's death . The album tells the story of Bowie 's alter ego Ziggy Stardust , a rock star who acts as a messenger for extraterrestrial beings . Bowie created Ziggy Stardust while in New York City promoting Hunky Dory and performed as him on a tour of the United Kingdom , Japan and North America . The album , and the character of Ziggy Stardust , was known for its glam rock influences and themes of sexual exploration and social commentary . These factors , coupled with the ambiguity surrounding Bowie 's sexuality and fuelled by a ground-breaking performance of `` Starman '' on Top of the Pops , led to the album being met with controversy and since hailed as a seminal work . The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders From Mars has received critical acclaim and has been consistently considered one of the greatest albums of all time , with Rolling Stone magazine ranking it the 35th greatest ever . It was ranked the 20th greatest album ever in a 1997 British survey , the 41st greatest of all time by Q magazine and one of the 100 greatest releases ever by Time magazine . In 2017 , the album was selected for preservation in the National Recording Registry , being deemed `` culturally , historically , or artistically significant '' by the Library of Congress . A concert film of the same name , directed by D. A. Pennebaker , was recorded in 1973 and released a decade later in 1983 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5fcd8adfad5b26687426a3453a6f8039",
"text": "Characteristics of progressive rock Progressive rock is a term that refers to a musical style . The term was originally referred to as `` classical rock '' ( in which a band performed together with an orchestra ) , but the term 's use has expanded in recent years to include other fusions of music styles including jazz fusion , metal and folk rock musics . The term does not refer to one particular music style but to an approach that combines elements of diverse styles . Jerry Ewing , editor of Prog Magazine , explains that `` Prog is not just a sound , it 's a mindset . '' Dream Theater guitarist John Petrucci outlines that Progressive rock is defined by its very lack of stylistic boundaries . The advent of the concept album , plus the genre 's roots in psychedelia , led albums and performances to be viewed as combined presentations of music , lyrics , and visuals . Bands abandoned the short pop single in favor of instrumentation and compositional techniques more frequently associated with jazz or classical music as part of an effort to give rock music the same level of musical sophistication and critical respect . Progressive rock abandons the danceable beat that defines earlier rock styles and is more likely than other types of popular music to experiment with compositional structure , instrumentation , harmony and rhythm , or lyrical content . It may demand more effort on the part of the listener than other types of music . Musicians in progressive rock typically display a high degree of instrumental skill , although this is not always the case . Virtuoso instrumental skills are so closely associated with progressive rock that authors such as Bill Martin consider it as a defining element and exclude bands such as Pink Floyd from consideration . It is not uncommon for musicians to have received a higher-than-average level of formal training . Players from the genre frequently appear in readers ' polls of publications that cater to musicians .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "18c8ed311b4e08c1dbde784be615dbee",
"text": "Maroon music Maroon Music is a genre involving people of African descent that were not born on the continent creating songs in an African language ( as opposed to their first language ) . It is named after the Maroon ( people ) , African refugees who escaped from slavery in the Americas and formed independent settlements . Just as the Maroon people created their own societies in lands foreign to them in attempts to retain their freedom , Maroon music is an attempt by African American artists to reacquire their Mother tongue through writing music in an indigenous African language . Maroon Music subject matter centers around stories about Maroon leaders and other historic freedom fighters of African descent , Maroon groups , peace , unity , and righteousness . In the intro to Maroon music artist , Adetokunbo 's first album `` Maroon Music '' the history of the genre is explained : `` African refugees that escaped slavery in the Americas and formed independent settlements were called Maroons . The term can also be applied to their descendants . The same root word also gives us the English verb `` to maroon '' . When runaway slaves banded together and subsisted independently they were called Maroons . On the Caribbean islands , runaway slaves formed bands and on some islands formed armed camps . Maroon communities faced great odds to survive against oppressive attackers , obtain food for subsistence living , and to reproduce and increase their numbers . There is much variety among Maroon cultural groups because of differences in history , geography , African nationality , and the culture of indigenous people throughout the Western hemisphere . Maroon settlements sometimes developed creole languages by mixing European tongues with their original African languages . Other times the Maroons would adopt the local European language as a common tongue , for members of the community frequently spoke a variety of Mother Tongues . What you are about to hear is a family 's journey to reacquire their Mother Tongue through song . Their goal is to reacquire that which was lost in the Middle Passage . Let this music , Maroon Music , serve as their testament to freedom in a world that has nothing but contempt for the self liberated . '' Maroon music is less concerned with the perfection and fluency of speech of the African language but more with the exercise of learning and improving communication , while providing subtitles and written keys in English so that others will understand the message attempting to be conveyed by the artist . As pidgin English is noted as `` is a simplified version of a language that develops as a means of communication between two or more groups that do not have a language in common Pidgin , Maroon music employs the pidginization or Creolization of African languages as a simplified means for African Americans to communicate with indigenous Africans . For this reason , key 's and subtitles in Maroon Music videos are an essential component for conveying intended meaning to both indigenous Africans and those born abroad . The Maroons are a number of diverse peoples in the Caribbean , South America , North America and Central America , the descendants of escaped slaves . The Seminole music tradition of the United States is an example , as are numerous communities in Jamaica , Suriname and French Guiana . The Surinamese , Guyanese , and French Guianan escaped slaves managed to hide in the dense jungles of the area , and formed communities like the Aluku , Saramaka and Ndjuka . Their traditional sung stories are called mato , and there is also a kind of popular Maroon music called aleke . Traditional dances include awasa , a women 's social dance . The Jamaican Maroons are known for instruments like the abeng , a kind of horn .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6d652b6e89c64451123a6c1c32ec42ed",
"text": "Criminal World `` Criminal World '' is a song written by Duncan Browne , Peter Godwin and Sean Lyons of the band Metro . They released it on their debut album in 1977 . David Bowie recorded it in 1982 for the album Let 's Dance . Stevie Ray Vaughan played lead guitar on it . This version was also released as the B-side of the single `` Without You '' in November 1983 . When first released it was banned from the Radio One playlist for its ` suggestive ' lyrical content . It is rumoured that the US military played it through a large PA system as a form of aural encouragement whilst trying to dislodge General Manuel Noriega from his office during their invasion of Panama in 1989 . There is also a cover on The Tenth Stage 's self-titled 2006 album .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3f9fb9432dc9ff79d4ba6a28d0fa985d",
"text": "Berlin Trilogy The Berlin Trilogy consists of three consecutively released studio albums by English singer and songwriter David Bowie : Low ( 1977 ) , `` Heroes '' ( 1977 ) and Lodger ( 1979 ) . The albums were recorded after Bowie took up residence in West Berlin in late 1976 , and saw him experiment with elements of electronic , krautrock , ambient , and world music in collaboration with American producer Tony Visconti and English musician Brian Eno . Bowie began referring to the three albums as a Berlin-centered trilogy during the promotion of Lodger , although `` Heroes '' was the only installment primarily recorded in the city . Each album reached the UK top five . Bowie would later call the music of the trilogy his `` DNA '' . Consequence of Sound characterized the trilogy as an `` art rock trifecta '' , while Rolling Stone wrote that '' ' -LSB- the -RSB- ` Berlin Trilogy ' stands as some of the most innovative music in the artist 's influential canon '' . According to Robert Christgau , `` the true beginnings of illbient and chillout techno '' lay in the `` second side '' of each album .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "42f90f79a9a6fa0a3d4ae31de3aed895",
"text": "Zimbabwean jazz Zimbabwean Jazz , also known as Afro Jazz was developed in the 20th century . Its history can be traced from its early colonial era . It was influenced by a style of township rhythm that evolved in a southern part of Africa over the last century . One can also trace similarities from Kwela , a pennywhistle-based , street music from the southern part of Africa with jazzy underpinnings and a distinctive , skiffle-like beat . Kwela music was influenced by blending the music of Malawian immigrants to South Africa , together with the local South African sounds . In Chichewa , the word Kwela has a very similar meaning to the South African meaning : `` to climb '' . The music was popularised in South Africa and then brought to Malawi , where contemporary Malawian artists have also begun producing Kwela music . It is also closely related to Marabi which was the name given to a keyboard style ( often using cheap pedal organs ) that had a musical link to American jazz , ragtime and blues , with roots deep in the African tradition . Early Marabi musicians were part of an underground musical culture and were typically not recorded . An example of such an artist in the early 1940s is August Musarurwa of the Skokiaan fame . It has continued to develop and you can even see traits of this music in his grandson Prince Kudakwashe Musarurwa . This music was often played in townships ( segregated parts of suburban areas ) . During colonial years of Rhodesia , the term township referred to a residential area reserved for black citizens within the boundaries of a city or town , and is still commonly used colloquially . But In modern Zimbabwe it is also used to refer to a residential area within close proximity of a rural growth point . These townships you would find `` Shebeens '' . Shebeens are most often located in townships as an alternative to pubs and bars . In the colonial error indigenous Africans were barred from entering pubs or bars reserved for those of European descent . Originally shebeens were operated illegally by women who were called Shebeen Queens and was itself a revival of the African tradition that assigned the role of alcohol brewing to women . The Shebeen Queens would sell home brewed and home-distilled alcohol and provided patrons with a place to meet and discuss political and social issues . Often , patrons and owners were arrested by the police , though the shebeens were frequently reopened because of their importance in unifying the community and providing a safe place for discussion . During the colonial error era shebeens became a crucial meeting place for activists , some attracting working class activists and community members , while others attracted lawyers , doctors and musicians . Shebeens also provided music and dancing , allowing patrons to express themselves culturally , which helped give rise to and support for the musical genre called Township Jazz which we now call Afro Jazz or Zimbabwean Jazz .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
4177a908fe84cd1597e182fd4d501179
|
Philip V of Spain was the king of a sovereign state located in Europe.
|
[
{
"docid": "85ca7b556080994ccfb4cca2a68e2a79",
"text": "Philip V of Spain Philip V ( Felipe V , Philippe , Filippo 19 December 1683 -- 9 July 1746 ) was King of Spain from 1 November 1700 to 15 January 1724 , when he abdicated in favour of his son Louis , and from 6 September 1724 , when he reassumed the throne upon his son 's death , to his own death 9 July 1746 . Before his reign , Philip occupied an exalted place in the royal family of France as a grandson of King Louis XIV . His father , Louis , the Grand Dauphin , had the strongest genealogical claim to the throne of Spain when it became vacant in 1700 . However , since neither the Grand Dauphin nor Philip 's older brother , Louis , Duke of Burgundy , could be displaced from their place in the succession to the French throne , King Charles II of Spain named Philip as his heir in his will . It was well known that the union of France and Spain under one monarch would upset the balance of power in Europe , such that other European powers would take steps to prevent it . Indeed , Philip 's accession in Spain provoked the 14-year War of the Spanish Succession , which continued until the Treaty of Utrecht forbade any future possibility of unifying the French and Spanish thrones . Philip was the first member of the House of Bourbon to rule as king of Spain . The sum of his two reigns , 45 years and 21 days , is the longest in modern Spanish history .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "74ce27f02c5a721e71e6f96c79009581",
"text": "Spain Spain ( España -LSB- esˈpaɲa -RSB- ) , officially the Kingdom of Spain ( -LSB- Reino de España , links = no -RSB- ) , is a sovereign state located on the Iberian Peninsula in southwestern Europe , with two large archipelagoes , the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean Sea and the Canary Islands off the North African Atlantic coast , two cities Ceuta and Melilla in the North African mainland and several small islands in the Alboran Sea near the Moroccan coast . Its mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary with Gibraltar ; to the north and northeast by France , Andorra , and the Bay of Biscay ; and to the west and northwest by Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean . It is the only European country to have a border with an African country ( Morocco ) and its African territory accounts for nearly 5 % of its population , mostly in the Canary Islands but also in Ceuta and Melilla . With an area of 505990 km2 , Spain is the largest country in Southern Europe , the second largest country in Western Europe and the European Union , and the fourth largest country in the European continent . By population , Spain is the sixth largest in Europe and the fifth in the European Union . Spain 's capital and largest city is Madrid ; other major urban areas include Barcelona , Valencia , Seville , Bilbao and Málaga . Modern humans first arrived in the Iberian Peninsula around 35,000 years ago . Iberian cultures along with ancient Phoenician , Greek and Carthaginian settlements developed on the peninsula until it came under Roman rule around 200 BCE , after which the region was named Hispania , based on the earlier Phoenician name Span or Spania . In the Middle Ages , the area was conquered by Germanic tribes and later by the Moors . Spain emerged as a unified country in the 15th century , following the marriage of the Catholic Monarchs and the completion of the eight centuries-long reconquest , or Reconquista from the Moors in 1492 . In the early modern period , Spain became one of history 's first global colonial empires , leaving a vast cultural and linguistic legacy that includes over 500 million Spanish speakers , making Spanish the world 's second most spoken first language , after Mandarin Chinese . Spain is a democracy organised in the form of a parliamentary government under a constitutional monarchy . It is a middle power and a major developed country with the world 's fourteenth largest economy by nominal GDP and sixteenth largest by purchasing power parity . It is a member of the United Nations ( UN ) , the European Union ( EU ) , the Eurozone , the Council of Europe ( CoE ) , the Organization of Ibero-American States ( OEI ) , the North Atlantic Treaty Organization ( NATO ) , the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ( OECD ) , the World Trade Organization ( WTO ) and many other international organisations .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "42edafb91d0d6bf41db9f8d91a17212c",
"text": "Kingdom of Great Britain The United Kingdom of Great Britain , officially Great Britain , was a sovereign state in western Europe from 1 May 1707 to 31 December 1800 . The state came into being following the Treaty of Union in 1706 , ratified by the Acts of Union 1707 , which united the kingdoms of England and Scotland to form a single kingdom encompassing the whole island of Great Britain and its outlying islands . It did not include Ireland , which remained a separate realm . The unitary state was governed by a single parliament and government that was based in Westminster . The former kingdoms had been in personal union since James VI , King of Scots , became King of England and King of Ireland in 1603 following the death of Queen Elizabeth I , bringing about a `` Union of the Crowns '' . Also after the accession of George I to the throne of Great Britain in 1714 , the kingdom was in a personal union with the Electorate of Hanover . The early years of the unified kingdom were marked by Jacobite risings which ended in defeat for the Stuart cause at Culloden in 1746 . Later on in 1763 , victory in the Seven Years ' War led to the dominance of the British Empire , which was to become the foremost global power for over a century and later grew to become the largest empire in history . On 1 January 1801 , the kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland were merged to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland . In 1922 , five-sixths of Ireland seceded from the United Kingdom and the state was renamed the `` United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland '' -- a title it has retained to date .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c0428ce039db859733a2121c0cc7bad1",
"text": "Pax Britannica Pax Britannica ( Latin for `` British Peace '' , modelled after Pax Romana ) was the period of relative peace in Europe ( 1815 -- 1914 ) during which the British Empire became the global hegemonic power and adopted the role of a global police force . Between 1815 and 1914 , a period referred to as Britain 's `` imperial century , '' around 10,000,000 sqmi of territory and roughly 400 million people were added to the British Empire . Victory over Napoleonic France left the British without any serious international rival , other than perhaps Russia in central Asia . When Russia tried expanding its influence in the Balkans , the British and French defeated it in the Crimean War ( 1854 -- 56 ) , thereby protecting the by-then feeble Ottoman Empire . Britain 's Royal Navy controlled most of the key maritime trade routes and enjoyed unchallenged sea power . Alongside the formal control it exerted over its own colonies , Britain 's dominant position in world trade meant that it effectively controlled access to many regions , such as Asia and Latin America . British merchants , shippers and bankers had such an overwhelming advantage over everyone else that in addition to its colonies it had an `` informal empire '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "68565af946b0b8279ccc7d77f2e5f794",
"text": "Monarchy A monarchy is a form of government in which a group , usually a family called the dynasty , embodies the country 's national identity and one of its members , called the monarch , exercises a role of sovereignty . The actual power of the monarch may vary from purely symbolic ( crowned republic ) , to partial and restricted ( constitutional monarchy ) , to completely autocratic ( absolute monarchy ) . Traditionally and in most cases , the monarch 's post is inherited and lasts until death or abdication , but there are also elective monarchies where the monarch is elected . Each of these has variations : in some elected monarchies only those of certain pedigrees are , whereas many hereditary monarchies impose requirements regarding the religion , age , gender , mental capacity , etc. . Occasionally this might create a situation of rival claimants whose legitimacy is subject to effective election . Finally , there have been cases where the term of a monarch 's reign is either fixed in years or continues until certain goals are achieved : an invasion being repulsed , for instance . Thus there are widely divergent structures and traditions defining monarchy . Monarchy was the most common form of government until the 19th century , but it is no longer prevalent . Where it exists , it is now usually a constitutional monarchy , in which the monarch retains a unique legal and ceremonial role , but exercises limited or no official political power : under the written or unwritten constitution , others have governing authority . Currently , 47 sovereign nations in the world have monarchs acting as heads of state , 19 of which are Commonwealth realms that recognise Queen Elizabeth II as their head of state . All European monarchies are constitutional ones , with the exception of the Vatican City which is an elective monarchy , but sovereigns in the smaller states exercise greater political influence than in the larger . The monarchs of Cambodia , Japan , and Malaysia `` reign , but do not rule '' although there is considerable variation in the degree of authority they wield . Although they reign under constitutions , the monarchs of Brunei , Morocco , Oman , Qatar , Saudi Arabia and Swaziland appear to continue to exercise more political influence than any other single source of authority in their nations , either by constitutional mandate or by tradition .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d712ac1bba41125aa5bb47d7bf0d2c1f",
"text": "Charles V of France Charles V ( 21 January 1338 -- 16 September 1380 ) , called the Wise ( French : `` le Sage '' ) , was a monarch of the House of Valois who ruled as King of France from 1364 to his death . In 1349 , as a young prince , Charles received from his grandfather King Philip VI the province of Dauphiné to rule . This allowed him to bear the title `` Dauphin '' until his coronation , which led to the integration of the Dauphiné into the crown lands of France . After 1350 , all heirs apparent of France bore the title of Dauphin until their coronation . Charles became regent of France when his father John II was captured by the English at the Battle of Poitiers in 1356 . To pay the ransom , Charles raised taxes . As a result , he faced hostility from the nobility , led by Charles the Bad , King of Navarre ; the opposition of the French bourgeoisie , which was channeled through the Estates-General led by Etienne Marcel ; and with peasant revolts known as Jacqueries . Charles overcame all of these rebellions , but in order to liberate his father , he had to conclude the Treaty of Brétigny in 1360 , in which he abandoned large portions of south-western France to Edward III of England and agreed to pay a huge ransom . Charles became king in 1364 . With the help of talented advisers known as the Marmousets , his skillful management of the kingdom allowed him to replenish the royal treasury and to restore the prestige of the House of Valois . He established the first permanent army paid with regular wages , which liberated the French populace from the companies of routiers who regularly plundered the country when not employed . Led by Bertrand du Guesclin , the French Army was able to turn the tide of the Hundred Years ' War to Charles ' advantage , and by the end of Charles ' reign , they had reconquered almost all the territories ceded to the English in 1360 . Furthermore , the French Navy , led by Jean de Vienne , managed to attack the English coast for the first time since the beginning of the Hundred Years ' War . Charles V died in 1380 . He was succeeded by his son Charles VI the Mad , whose disastrous reign allowed the English to regain control of large parts of France .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "39ea9c7a6519e8764b8ce6f6a559f886",
"text": "France France ( -LSB- fʁɑ̃s -RSB- ) , officially the French Republic ( -LSB- ʁepyblik fʁɑ̃sɛz -RSB- ) , is a country with territory in western Europe and several overseas regions and territories . The European , or metropolitan , area of France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea , and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean . Overseas France include French Guiana on the South American continent and several island territories in the Atlantic , Pacific and Indian oceans . France spans 643801 km2 and had a total population of almost 67 million people as of January 2017 . It is a unitary semi-presidential republic with the capital in Paris , the country 's largest city and main cultural and commercial centre . Other major urban centres include Marseille , Lyon , Lille , Nice , Toulouse and Bordeaux . During the Iron Age , what is now metropolitan France was inhabited by the Gauls , a Celtic people . The area was annexed in 51 BC by Rome , which held Gaul until 486 , when the Germanic Franks conquered the region and formed the Kingdom of France . France emerged as a major European power in the Late Middle Ages , with its victory in the Hundred Years ' War ( 1337 to 1453 ) strengthening state-building and political centralisation . During the Renaissance , French culture flourished and a global colonial empire was established , which by the 20th century would be the second largest in the world . The 16th century was dominated by religious civil wars between Catholics and Protestants ( Huguenots ) . France became Europe 's dominant cultural , political , and military power under Louis XIV . In the late 18th century , the French Revolution overthrew the absolute monarchy , established one of modern history 's earliest republics , and saw the drafting of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen , which expresses the nation 's ideals to this day . In the 19th century Napoleon took power and established the First French Empire , whose subsequent Napoleonic Wars shaped the course of continental Europe . Following the collapse of the Empire , France endured a tumultuous succession of governments culminating with the establishment of the French Third Republic in 1870 . France was a major participant in the First World War , from which it emerged victorious , and was one of the Allied Powers in the Second World War , but came under occupation by the Axis Powers in 1940 . Following liberation in 1944 , a Fourth Republic was established and later dissolved in the course of the Algerian War . The Fifth Republic , led by Charles de Gaulle , was formed in 1958 and remains to this day . Algeria and nearly all the other colonies became independent in the 1960s and typically retained close economic and military connections with France . France has long been a global centre of art , science , and philosophy . It hosts Europe 's fourth-largest number of cultural UNESCO World Heritage Sites and receives around 83 million foreign tourists annually , the most of any country in the world . France is a developed country with the world 's sixth-largest economy by nominal GDP and ninth-largest by purchasing power parity . In terms of aggregate household wealth , it ranks fourth in the world . France performs well in international rankings of education , health care , life expectancy , and human development . France remains a great power in the world , being one of the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council with the power to veto and an official nuclear-weapon state . It is a leading member state of the European Union and the Eurozone . It is also a member of the Group of 7 , North Atlantic Treaty Organization ( NATO ) , Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ( OECD ) , the World Trade Organization ( WTO ) , and La Francophonie .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cd755fae61d170b8f18958d15acaaea8",
"text": "New Spain New Spain ( Nueva España ) was a colonial territory of the Spanish Empire , in the New World north of the Isthmus of Panama . It was established following the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire in 1521 , and following additional conquests , it was made a viceroyalty ( Spanish : virreinato ) in 1535 . The first of four viceroyalties Spain created in the Americas , it comprised Mexico , Central America , much of the Southwestern and Central United States , and Spanish Florida as well as the Philippines , Guam , Mariana and Caroline Islands . After 1535 the colony was governed by the Viceroy of New Spain , an appointed minister of the King of Spain , who ruled as monarch over the colony . The capital of New Spain was Mexico City . New Spain lost parts of its territory to other European powers and independence , but the core area remained under Spanish control until 1821 , when it achieved independence as the Mexican Empire -- when the latter dissolved , it became modern Mexico and Central America . It developed highly regional divisions , which reflect the impact of climate , topography , the presence or absence of dense indigenous populations , and the presence or absence of mineral resources . The areas of central and southern Mexico had dense indigenous populations with complex social , political , and economic organization . The northern area of Mexico , a region of nomadic and semi-nomadic indigenous populations , was not generally conducive to dense settlements , but the discovery of silver in Zacatecas in the 1540s drew settlement there to exploit the mines . Silver mining not only became the engine of the economy of New Spain , but vastly enriched Spain , and transformed the global economy . New Spain was the New World terminus of the Philippine trade , making the viceroyalty a vital link between Spain 's New World empire and its Asian empire .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "86274355dbb7022e9c15fa055e54ad08",
"text": "Marquess of Saint Philip Marquess of Saint Philip , also spelled as Marquis of Saint Philip or St. Philip ( in Spanish : Marqués de San Felipe ; in Italian : Marchese di San Filippo ) is a title granted in 1709 by Philip V , king of Spain and , at that time , claimant king of Sardinia , to the Sardinian nobleman and politician Vicente Bacallar . It has passed afterwards to the house Amat .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f3e5d9cf093f96eadaa50873fb3dc9f2",
"text": "Monarchies in Europe Monarchy was the prevalent form of government in the history of Europe throughout the Middle Ages , only occasionally competing with communalism , notably in the case of the Maritime republics and the Swiss Confederacy . Republicanism became more prevalent in the Early Modern period , but monarchy remained predominant in Europe during the 19th century . Since the end of World War I , however , most European monarchies have been abolished . There remain , as of 2016 , twelve ( 12 ) sovereign monarchies in Europe . Of these , seven are kingdoms : Denmark , Norway and Sweden and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland are of pre-modern origin ; the kingdoms of the Netherlands and of Belgium were established in 1815 and 1830 , respectively ; the Kingdom of Spain , founded in 1479 , was abolished in 1931 , restored in 1947/69 , before Spain transitioned to democracy in 1978 as a constitutional monarchy . The principalities of Andorra , Liechtenstein , and Monaco and the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg were restored as sovereign states in the aftermath of the Napoleonic Wars . The State of the Vatican City was recognized as a sovereign state administered by the Holy See in 1929 . Ten of these monarchies are hereditary , and two are elective : Vatican City ( the Pope , elected at the papal conclave ) , and Andorra ( technically a semi-elective diarchy , the joint heads of state being the elected President of France and the Bishop of Urgell , appointed by the Pope ) . Most of the monarchies in Europe are constitutional monarchies , which means that the monarch does not influence the politics of the state : either the monarch is legally prohibited from doing so , or the monarch does not utilize the political powers vested in the office by convention . The exceptions are Liechtenstein , which is usually considered a semi-constitutional monarchy due to the large influence the prince still has on politics , and the Vatican City , which is a theocratic absolute elective monarchy . There is currently no major campaign to abolish the monarchy ( see monarchism and republicanism ) in any of the twelve states , although there is a significant minority of republicans in many of them ( e.g. the political organisation Republic in the United Kingdom ) . Currently seven of the twelve monarchies are members of the European Union : Belgium , Denmark , Luxembourg , the Netherlands , Spain , Sweden and the United Kingdom . At the start of the 20th century , France , Switzerland and San Marino were the only European nations to have a republican form of government . The ascent of republicanism to the political mainstream started only at the beginning of the 20th century , facilitated by the toppling of various European monarchies through war or revolution ; as at the beginning of the 21st century , most of the states in Europe are republics with either a directly or indirectly elected head of state .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ecbd4d2854857970d15b33046914545b",
"text": "List of monarchs of Prussia The monarchs of Prussia were members of the House of Hohenzollern who were the hereditary rulers of the former German state of Prussia from its founding in 1525 as the Duchy of Prussia . The Duchy had evolved out of the Teutonic Order , a Roman Catholic crusader state and theocracy located along the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea . The Teutonic Knights were under the leadership of a Grand Master , the last of whom , Albert , converted to Protestantism and secularized the lands , which then became the Duchy of Prussia . The Duchy was initially a vassal of the Kingdom of Poland , as a result of the terms of the Prussian Homage whereby Albert was granted the Duchy as part of the terms of peace following the Prussian War . When the main line of Prussian Hohenzollerns died out in 1618 , the Duchy passed to a different branch of the family , who also reigned as Electors of Brandenburg in the Holy Roman Empire . While still nominally two different territories , Prussia under the suzerainty of Poland and Brandenburg under the suzerainty of the Holy Roman Empire , the two states are known together historiographically as Brandenburg-Prussia . Following the Second Northern War , a series of treaties freed the Duchy of Prussia from any vassalage to any other state , making it a fully sovereign Duchy in its own right . This complex situation ( where the Hohenzollern ruler of the independent Duchy of Prussia was also a subject of the Holy Roman Emperor as Elector of Brandenburg ) laid the eventual groundwork for the establishment of the Kingdom of Prussia in 1701 . For diplomatic reasons , the rulers of the state were known as the King in Prussia from 1701 to 1772 ; largely because they still owed fealty to the Emperor as Electors of Brandenburg , the `` King in Prussia '' title ( as opposed to `` King of Prussia '' ) avoided offending the Emperor . As the Prussian state grew through several wars and diplomatic moves throughout the 18th century , it became apparent that Prussia had become a Great Power that did not need to submit meekly to the Holy Roman Empire . By 1772 , the pretense was dropped , and the style `` King of Prussia '' was adopted . Thus it remained until 1871 , when in the aftermath of the Franco-Prussian War , the King of Prussia Wilhelm I was crowned German Emperor . From that point forward , though the Kingdom of Prussia retained its status as a constituent state of the German Empire , all remaining Kings of Prussia also served as German Emperor , and that title took precedence .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "90fa928d15d5247de02c0ef60c468fa1",
"text": "Council of Castile The Council of Castile ( Real y Supremo Consejo de Castilla ) , known earlier as the Royal Council ( Consejo Real ) , was a ruling body and key part of the domestic government of the Crown of Castile , second only to the monarch himself . It was established under Queen Isabella I in 1480 as the chief body dealing with administrative and judicial matters of the realm . With the 1516 ascension of King Charles I ( later Holy Roman Emperor Charles V ) to the throne of both Castile and Aragon , the Royal Council came to be known as the Council of Castile because Charles was king of many dominions other than Castile , while the Council retained responsibility only over Castile . During periods in which there was no monarch , an absent monarch , or an incompetent monarch , the Royal Council would rule as a regency council in his place . The Council weakened in the 19th century , where it was abolished and re-established several times before being dissolved permanently .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8d4f2a0e24752a1894e6f6fb7a930f21",
"text": "Castilians Castilians ( Spanish : castellanos ) are certain inhabitants in regions of central Spain including at least the eastern part of Castile and León , the northern and eastern parts of Castile-La Mancha , and the Madrid community , who are the source of the Spanish language ( Castilian ) among other aspects of cultural identity . However , not all people in the regions of the medieval Kingdom of Castile think of themselves as Castilian . For this reason , the exact limits of what Castile is today are disputed . As an ethnicity , they are most commonly associated with the sparsely populated inner plateau of the Iberian peninsula , which is split in two by the Sistema Central mountain range and Northern or `` Old Castile '' from southern or `` New Castile '' , the latter being somewhat closer in terms of culture and dialect to southern regions of Spain such as Andalusia , Extremadura and Murcia . Through the Reconquista and other conquests in the Middle Ages , the Kingdom of Castile ( later Crown of Castile ) spread over a large part of the Iberian Peninsula , especially towards the southern Spanish regions . After this , since the 15th century , through the Spanish colonization of the Americas , the Castilians also spread over the New World , bringing with them not only their language , but also elements of their culture and traditions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "12612eab65e3c4b8ed79fcdf5bf58d11",
"text": "Timeline of sovereign states in Europe This timeline lists all European sovereign states , both current and defunct , of the 2nd and 3rd millennia . Vassal states , unrecognised states or states with limited recognition throughout history are generally not included unless they evolved at some point into a sovereign state . Territorial changes that do not consume whole nations or produce new ones are not considered .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8ebac84c6f54a7788abd4c30b1e3f9f0",
"text": "Politics of Andorra The politics of Andorra take place in a framework of a parliamentary constitutional diarchy , and a multi-party system . Executive power is exercised by the government , with the Head of Government of Andorra as chief executive . Legislative power is vested in both the government and parliament . The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature . Before 1993 , Andorra 's political system had no clear division of powers into executive , legislative , and judicial branches . A constitution ratified and approved in 1993 establishes Andorra as a sovereign parliamentary democracy that retains the President of France and Bishop of Urgell as co-princes and heads of state . However , the head of government retains executive power . The two co-princes serve coequally with limited powers that do not include an individual veto over government acts ( however , a bill can in effect be `` vetoed '' if both do not sign the legislation ) . They are each represented in Andorra by a personal representative . The fundamental impetus for this political transformation was a recommendation by the Council of Europe in 1990 that , if Andorra wished to attain full integration in the European Union ( EU ) , it should adopt a modern constitution that guarantees the rights of those living and working there . A Tripartite Commission -- made up of representatives of the co-princes , the General Council , and the Executive Council -- was formed in 1990 and finalized the draft constitution in April 1991 , making the new constitution a fact . One remaining , though symbolic , legacy of Andorra 's special relationship with France and Spain , is that the Principality has no postal service of its own -- French and Spanish postal services operate side by side , although each of them issues separate stamps for Andorra , instead of using their own .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "df510eddad4dae1d3d7ce2be3b12a592",
"text": "List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Eurasia This is a list of sovereign states and dependent territories in Eurasia , along with other areas of special political status . Eurasia is a continent comprising the traditional continents of Europe and Asia . It is divided from Africa by the Isthmus of Suez . Some states such as Malta are traditionally part of Eurasia , however they lie on the African tectonic plate . It is separated from Australasia ( Oceania ) somewhere in the Malay archipelago , and is usually considered as including Indonesia and Timor-Leste ( East Timor ) . Some areas are associated with Eurasian states , being part of them or dependent upon them , but are not physically in it . Examples are the Danish territory of Greenland , French overseas departments , some British Overseas Territories , and the Spanish cities of Ceuta and Melilla .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "081fd6f1a4962a00a1bbcbfc4da6b338",
"text": "Pragmatic Sanction of 1830 The Pragmatic Sanction of 1830 , issued on 29 March 1830 by King Ferdinand VII of Spain , ratified a Decree of 1789 by Charles IV of Spain , which had replaced the semi-Salic system established by Philip V of Spain with the mixed succession system that predated the Bourbon monarchy ( see also Carlism ) . When Philip V , from the French Bourbon acceded to the Spanish throne in the Spanish War of Succession , he brought with him the Salic Law , which restricted succession to the throne to the direct male line . However , King Ferdinand VII of Spain had fathered only two daughters , Isabella and Luisa Ferdinand of Bourbon . Ferdinand 's father , Charles IV of Spain made a weak attempt to eliminate the Salic Law , and Ferdinand brought forth the Pragmatic Sanction of 1830 , so that his oldest daughter would inherit the throne and be declared queen upon his death , as was the Spanish custom . This removed his brother , Infante Carlos , Count of Molina , as the next in the line of succession under Salic Law . Charles ' supporters , among whom was Francisco Calomarde , pressured Ferdinand VII to repeal the Pragmatic Sanction . However , a severe attack of gout incapacitated Ferdinand and when he died on 29 September 1833 , Isabella was proclaimed Queen . Since she was still a minor , the kingdom fell under the regency of her mother Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies . Category :1830 in Spain Category :19 th century in Spain Category : Carlism Category : Succession acts",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b8ed77dcf3a8a56fd7babbdc4a2a5a1a",
"text": "Continental Europe Continental Europe , also referred to as mainland Europe , or , by Europeans , simply the Continent , is the continuous continent of Europe , excluding surrounding islands . The most common definition of continental Europe excludes continental islands , encompassing the Greek Islands , Cyprus , Malta , Sicily , Sardinia , Corsica , the Balearic Islands , Ireland , Great Britain , the Isle of Man , the Channel Islands , Novaya Zemlya and the Danish archipelago , as well as nearby oceanic islands , including the Canary Islands , Madeira , the Azores , Iceland , the Faroe Islands , and Svalbard . The Scandinavian peninsula is sometimes also excluded , as even though it is technically part of `` mainland Europe '' , the de facto connections to the rest of the continent are across the Baltic Sea or North Sea ( rather than via the lengthy land route that involves travelling to the north of the peninsula where it meets Finland , and then south through north-east Europe ) . The notion of Europe as a geopolitical or cultural term is centred on core Europe ( Kerneuropa ) , the continental territory of the historical Carolingian Empire and the core of Latin Christendom , corresponding to modern France , Italy , Germany ( or German-speaking Europe ) and the Benelux states ( historical Austrasia ) . This historical core of `` Carolingian Europe '' was consciously invoked in the 1950s as the historical ethno-cultural basis for the prospective European integration ( see also Multi-speed Europe ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a8b40e377ecade43d6d322e15d9227ba",
"text": "Philip of Spain Philip of Spain is the name of several Spanish monarchs : Philip I of Castile or Philip I of Spain ( 1478 -- 1506 ) Philip II of Spain ( 1527 -- 1598 ) Philip III of Spain ( 1578 -- 1621 ) Philip IV of Spain ( 1605 -- 1665 ) Philip V of Spain ( 1683 -- 1746 ) Philip VI of Spain ( born 1968 )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "708bd4f6e3751140b1989ed001de1e43",
"text": "Purism (Spanish architecture) Purism ( architecture ) redirects here . For another form of purism in architecture , see Purism ( arts ) Purism is an initial phase of Renaissance architecture in Spain , which took place between 1530 and 1560 , after to Isabelline Gothic and prior to the Herrerian architecture in the last third of the 16th century . The name `` Prince Philip '' refers to the period in which Philip II of Spain ( born in 1527 ) had not yet received the inheritance of the Spanish Monarchy by abdication of his father the Emperor Charles V ( 1556 ) . The name `` Serlian '' is due to the influential architect and treatise Sebastiano Serlio ( in addition to the architectural element called Serlian in his honor ) . The Greco-Roman , the purist and the casticist are relate to the interpretation given to different elements of style , whether intellectual , formal , structural or decorative . Until then , writers of the period termed the classicist forms of the Italian Renaissance as the roman ( Diego de Sagredo Las Medidas del Romano , 1526 ) , while the late-Gothic forms were called the modern . For a more stylistic periodization more common in the art history , at that point of the 16th century the Cinquecento had entered in its Mannerist phase , while for the Spanish art is commonly used the expression High Renaissance ( reserving the term Low Renaissance for the last third of the century ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4b94de28bf7f6a99d12fe0c57f069e1b",
"text": "Spanish Netherlands Spanish Netherlands ( Países Bajos españoles Spaanse Nederlanden ) ; Pays-Bas espagnols ) was the collective name of States of the Holy Roman Empire in the Low Countries , held in personal union by the Spanish Crown ( also called Habsburg Spain ) from 1581 to 1714 . This region comprised most of modern Belgium and Luxembourg , as well as parts of northern France and western Germany . The capital was Brussels . The Imperial fiefs of the former Burgundian Netherlands had been inherited by the Austrian House of Habsburg from the extinct House of Valois-Burgundy upon the death of Mary of Burgundy in 1482 . The Seventeen Provinces formed the core of the Habsburg Netherlands which passed to the Spanish Habsburgs upon the abdication of Emperor Charles V in 1556 . When part of the Netherlands separated to form the autonomous Dutch Republic in 1581 , the remainder of the area stayed under Spanish rule until the War of the Spanish Succession .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6ca798ac50f737db3033fe3566785c29",
"text": "Granada War The Granada War ( Guerra de Granada ) was a series of military campaigns between 1482 and 1492 , during the reign of the Catholic Monarchs ( los Reyes Católicos ) Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon , against the Nasrid dynasty 's Emirate of Granada . It ended with the defeat of Granada and its annexation by Castile , ending all Islamic rule on the Iberian peninsula ( al-Andalus ) . The ten-year war was not a continuous effort , but a series of seasonal campaigns launched in spring and broken off in winter . The Granadans were crippled by internal conflict and civil war , while the Christians were generally unified . The war also saw the effective use of artillery by the Christians to rapidly conquer towns that would otherwise have required a long siege . On January 2 , 1492 Muhammad XII of Granada ( King Boabdil ) surrendered the Emirate of Granada , the city of Granada , and the Alhambra palace to the Castilian forces . The war was a joint project between Isabella 's Crown of Castile and Ferdinand 's Crown of Aragon . The bulk of the troops and funds for the war came from Castile , and Granada was annexed into Castile 's lands . The Crown of Aragon was less important : apart from the presence of King Ferdinand himself , Aragon provided naval collaboration , guns , and some financial loans . Aristocrats were offered the allure of new lands , while Ferdinand and Isabella centralized and consolidated power . The aftermath of the war saw the end of convivencia ( `` live and let live '' ) between religions In the Iberian peninsula : the Jews were forced to convert to Christianity or be exiled in 1492 , and by 1501 , all of Granada 's Muslims were obliged to either convert to Christianity , become slaves , or be exiled ; by 1526 this prohibition spread to the rest of Spain . `` New Christians '' ( conversos ) came to be accused of crypto-Islam and crypto-Judaism . Spain would go on to model its national aspirations as the guardian of Christianity and Catholicism . The fall of the Alhambra is still celebrated every year by the City Council of Granada , and the Granada War is considered in traditional Spanish historiography as the final war of the Reconquista . At the same time , and uniquely in the `` Reconquista '' , the Granada War itself is never called `` the reconquest of Granada '' '' , but rather `` the conquest of Granada '' . Granada had never been Christian before the `` reconquista '' .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
a03684b8b3bd248e2fe4d1d601ff1880
|
Courtney Love has acted.
|
[
{
"docid": "b5000e8b46f349091518571db5fc6704",
"text": "Courtney Love Courtney Michelle Love ( born Courtney Michelle Harrison ; born July 9 , 1964 ) is an American singer , actress , writer , and visual artist . Prolific in the punk and grunge scenes of the 1990s , Love has enjoyed a career that spans four decades . She rose to prominence as the frontwoman of the alternative rock band Hole , which she formed in 1989 . Love has drawn public attention for her uninhibited live performances and confrontational lyrics , as well as her highly publicized personal life following her marriage to Kurt Cobain . The daughter of Hank Harrison and psychotherapist Linda Carroll , Love had an itinerant early life . She spent her formative years in San Francisco and Portland , Oregon , where she was in a series of short-lived bands before being cast in two films by British director Alex Cox . After forming Hole in 1989 , she received substantial attention from underground rock press for the group 's debut album , produced by Kim Gordon . Hole 's second release , Live Through This ( 1994 ) , gave her high-profile renown with critical accolades and multi-platinum sales . In 1995 , Love returned to acting , earning a Golden Globe Award nomination for her performance as Althea Leasure in Miloš Forman 's The People vs. Larry Flynt ( 1996 ) , which established her as a mainstream actress . The following year , she saw further mainstream success with the release of Hole 's third album , Celebrity Skin ( 1998 ) , which was nominated for multiple Grammy Awards . Love continued to work as an actress into the early 2000s , appearing in big-budget pictures such as Man on the Moon ( 1999 ) and Trapped ( 2002 ) , before releasing her first solo album , America 's Sweetheart , in 2004 . The next few years were marked by publicity surrounding Love 's legal troubles and drug addiction , which resulted in a mandatory lockdown rehabilitation sentence in 2005 while she was in the process of writing a second planned solo album . That project became Nobody 's Daughter , which was released in 2010 as a Hole album but without any other members of the original lineup . Between 2014 and 2015 , she released two solo singles and returned to acting in the network series Sons of Anarchy and Empire . Love has also had endeavors in writing , co-creating and co-authoring three volumes of a manga , Princess Ai , between 2004 and 2006 , as well as a memoir , Dirty Blonde : The Diaries of Courtney Love ( 2006 ) . In 2012 , she premiered an exhibit of mixed media visual art titled And She 's Not Even Pretty .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "6d27f6267de78157ff24ae239b3f7e7e",
"text": "The Treatment (2006 film) The Treatment is an American romantic comedy film released in 2006 starring Chris Eigeman and Famke Janssen and produced and directed by Oren Rudavsky . It is based on a novel with the same title by Daniel Menaker .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ef263104a2da7fbc3345634fa4ead7b7",
"text": "Sins of our Youth Sins of our Youth is a thriller/drama released in 2016 starring Lucas Till , Joel Courtney , and Mitchel Musso . `` Sins of Our Youth '' is a cautionary tale that highlights a new generation in the United States that is desensitized by an oversaturation of violence in the mainstream media and who have ready access to firearms .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "61fdbf6028a1ac5c8c56c6231f9f06bf",
"text": "Straight Talk Straight Talk is an 1992 American romantic comedy film directed by Barnet Kellman and starring Dolly Parton and James Woods . Parton did not receive solo star-billing in any other theatrically released films until the 2012 film Joyful Noise , alongside Queen Latifah . Her previous starring films had been 9 to 5 ( 1980 ) , The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas ( 1982 ) , Rhinestone ( 1984 ) , and Steel Magnolias ( 1989 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "58a0215bbdb651dab90062623464d683",
"text": "No Greater Love (1996 film) No Greater Love , also known as Danielle Steel 's No Greater Love , is a 1996 television film directed by Richard T. Heffron . The film is based upon the 1991 novel of the same name written by Danielle Steel .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "af43ed8da8fde7a5957ac1486b6bf940",
"text": "London Love London Love is a 1926 British silent drama film directed by H. Manning Haynes and starring Fay Compton , John Stuart and Miles Mander . It was an adaptation of the novel Whirlpool by Arthur Applin . The screenplay concerns a young woman who becomes a film star in order to raise enough money to pay for her boyfriend 's legal defence in a murder trial .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "08e9465b9d446850c4af51cf0b381bd7",
"text": "The Return of Courtney Love The Return of Courtney Love is a 2006 documentary film by Will Yapp documenting the progression of musician Courtney Love 's second studio album , How Dirty Girls Get Clean , as well as her recovery from drug addiction . The documentary was first broadcast on More4 in the United Kingdom and Ireland on 26 September 2006 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bc4be251114d41374bb92b55f89b5bfb",
"text": "Without Love (film) Without Love is a 1942 play by Philip Barry , later made into a 1945 romantic comedy film starring Spencer Tracy and Katharine Hepburn . The film was directed by Harold S. Bucquet from a screenplay by Donald Ogden Stewart based on the Barry play . Lucille Ball also stars in the film .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f64d5d0c3c53016701c5e066972c0b0c",
"text": "Love Me Deadly Love Me Deadly is a 1973 American horror film starring Mary Charlotte Wilcox , Lyle Waggoner , and Christopher Stone . The screenplay concerns a coven of devil-worshipping necrophiliacs that moves to Los Angeles and sets up their base of operations out of a funeral home .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0a9e493f8fb5274a339308ce13e5b098",
"text": "Love Before Breakfast Love Before Breakfast is a 1936 American romantic comedy film starring Carole Lombard , Preston Foster , and Cesar Romero , based on Faith Baldwin 's short story Spinster Dinner , published in International-Cosmopolitan in July 1934 . The film was directed by Walter Lang from a screenplay by Herbert Fields assisted by numerous contract writers , including Preston Sturges .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "32f8ec26539927636125db9bde019fc8",
"text": "Love Simple Love Simple is a 2009 romantic comedy film written and directed by Mark von Sternberg and starring Francisco Solorzano , Patrizia Hernandez , John Harlacher , Caitlin Fitzgerald and Israel Horovitz . The film is currently available on DVD through Synergetic Distribution and also for download and VOD on iTunes movie store . The producers of the film have partnered with the SLE Lupus Foundation , donating 10 % of their proceeds from all sales to the organization .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "54d635dbd4c08cff0af23aa812352187",
"text": "The Love Parade The Love Parade is a 1929 American Pre-Code musical comedy film about the marital difficulties of Queen Louise of Sylvania ( Jeanette MacDonald ) and her consort , Count Alfred Renard ( Maurice Chevalier ) . Despite his love for Louise and his promise to be an obedient husband , Count Alfred finds his role as a figurehead unbearable . The film was directed by Ernst Lubitsch from a screenplay by Guy Bolton and Ernest Vajda , adapted from the French play Le Prince Consort , written by Jules Chancel and Leon Xanrof ; which had previously been adapted for Broadway in 1905 by William Boosey and Cosmo Gordon Lennox . The Love Parade is notable for being both the film debut of Jeanette MacDonald and the first `` talkie '' film made by Ernst Lubitsch . It was also released in a French-language version called Parade d'amour . Chevalier had thought that he would never be capable of acting as a Royal courtier , and had to be persuaded by Lubitsch . This huge box-office hit appeared just after the Wall Street crash , and did much to save the fortunes of Paramount .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "576767220a7a7999fa05b01cd54cab43",
"text": "Aloha (film) Aloha is a 2015 American romantic comedy-drama film written , produced and directed by Cameron Crowe . The film , starring Bradley Cooper , Emma Stone , Rachel McAdams , Bill Murray , John Krasinski , Danny McBride , and Alec Baldwin , was released on May 29 , 2015 . The film received negative reviews from critics , and has grossed only $ 26 million against a budget of $ 37 million , making the film a box office bomb .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "305c7a4c39488a6e66f5aaef7e8ca56a",
"text": "Brianna Love Brianna Love ( born March 14 , 1985 ) is the stage name of an American former pornographic actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a1291da8db7860479ae1ef90d662c849",
"text": "Blind Faith (1998 film) Blind Faith is a 1998 film starring Charles S. Dutton , Courtney B. Vance , and Lonette McKee .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "57aebe527772837b434bfacadabdf7cb",
"text": "Red Nose Day Actually Red Nose Day Actually is a 2017 British romantic comedy television short film , acting as both a sequel to the 2003 feature film Love Actually , and a part of the fund-raising event Red Nose Day 2017 . Love Actually writer and director Richard Curtis returns alongside cast members Hugh Grant , Liam Neeson , Colin Firth , Andrew Lincoln , Chiwetel Ejiofor , Keira Knightley , Martine McCutcheon , Bill Nighy , Thomas Brodie-Sangster , Lúcia Moniz , Olivia Olson , Marcus Brigstocke , and Rowan Atkinson . The film was first broadcast on BBC on March 24 , 2017 as a part of Red Nose Day . A longer version of the film , featuring Laura Linney reprising her role and Patrick Dempsey , was broadcast in US on May 25 , 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3714e66923cec736f947a9de7bd5357d",
"text": "Love Story (novel) Love Story is a 1970 romance novel by American writer Erich Segal . The book 's origins lay in a screenplay that Segal wrote , and that was subsequently approved for production by Paramount Pictures . Paramount requested that Segal adapt the story into novel form as a preview of sorts for the film . The novel was released on February 14 , 1970 , Valentine 's Day . Portions of the story originally appeared in The Ladies ' Home Journal . Love Story became the top-selling work of fiction for all of 1970 in the United States , and was translated into more than 20 languages . The novel stayed for 41 weeks in The New York Times Best Seller list , reaching the top spot . A sequel , Oliver 's Story , was published in 1977 . The film ( Love Story ) was released on December 16 , 1970 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2520f55b63dc5a64274ca976c7325c1d",
"text": "Good Morning Baby Good Morning Baby is a short film starring Piper Perabo and is based on a non-fiction piece by Courtney Lochner .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8f6f44b8fea223e948f2efb326a3ed6f",
"text": "When a Man Loves a Woman (film) When a Man Loves a Woman is a 1994 American romantic drama film written by Al Franken and Ronald Bass , starring Andy García , Meg Ryan , Tina Majorino , Mae Whitman , Ellen Burstyn , Lauren Tom and Philip Seymour Hoffman . For her performance as an alcoholic mother , Ryan received a Screen Actors Guild Award nomination for Best Female Actor in a Leading Role . The film 's title is taken from the song of the same name by Percy Sledge .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d2f276c1de6824ed9445069fb9a08712",
"text": "How I Spent My Summer Vacation (film) How I Spent My Summer Vacation is a 1997 romantic comedy film , directed by John Fisher . The film stars Deanna Davis and RonReaco Lee , and is Fisher 's directorial debut film .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "06e265863ef32115510b7449e646812b",
"text": "Love Story (1970 film) Love Story is a 1970 American romantic drama film written by Erich Segal , who was also the author of the best-selling novel of the same name . It was produced by Howard G. Minskyand directed by Arthur Hiller and starred Ali MacGraw and Ryan O'Neal , alongside John Marley , Ray Milland , and Tommy Lee Jones in his film debut in a minor role . A tragedy , the film is considered one of the most romantic by the American Film Institute ( # 9 on the list ) and is # 37 in the list of highest-grossing films in Canada and the United States . It was followed by a sequel , Oliver 's Story ( 1978 ) , starring O'Neal with Candice Bergen .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
83c5952f183c34f200b95f83c8bb34fa
|
Rihanna is one of the best-selling artists of the 21st century.
|
[
{
"docid": "7ffc7ac859eeb1c14a32864a49ece7c6",
"text": "Rihanna Robyn Rihanna Fenty ( -LSB- riˈænə -RSB- born February 20 , 1988 ) is a Barbadian singer , songwriter , and actress . Born in Saint Michael and raised in Bridgetown , she first entered the music industry by recording demo tapes under the direction of record producer Evan Rogers in 2003 . She ultimately signed a recording contract with Def Jam Recordings after auditioning for its then-president , hip hop producer and rapper Jay Z . In 2005 , Rihanna rose to fame with the release of her debut studio album Music of the Sun and its follow-up A Girl like Me ( 2006 ) , which charted on the top 10 of the US Billboard 200 and respectively produced the singles `` Pon de Replay '' and `` SOS '' . She assumed creative control for her third studio album Good Girl Gone Bad ( 2007 ) and adopted a public image as a sex symbol while reinventing her music . Its successful lead single `` Umbrella '' became an international breakthrough in her career , as she won her first Grammy Award for Best Rap/Sung Collaboration with Jay Z in 2008 . After releasing four consecutive platinum studio albums , including the Grammy Award winner Unapologetic ( 2012 ) , she was recognized as a pop icon . Her eighth studio album Anti ( 2016 ) and its lead single `` Work '' reached number-one on the Billboard 200 and Hot 100 . Many of her songs rank among the world 's best-selling singles of all time , including the singles `` Umbrella '' , `` Take a Bow '' , `` Disturbia '' , `` Only Girl ( In the World ) '' , `` S&M '' , `` We Found Love '' , `` Diamonds '' , and `` Stay '' in which she is the lead artist , and her collaborations `` Live Your Life '' ( with T.I. ) , `` Love the Way You Lie '' and `` The Monster '' ( both with Eminem ) . With sales exceeding 230 million records worldwide , Rihanna is one of the best-selling artists of all time . Rihanna is the youngest and fastest solo artist to earn fourteen number-one singles on the Billboard Hot 100 , and was named the Digital Songs Artist of the 2000s decade and the top Hot 100 artist of the 2010s decade by Billboard . Among numerous awards and accolades , Rihanna has won eight Grammy Awards , twelve American Music Awards , twelve Billboard Music Awards and the inaugural Icon Award at the American Music Awards of 2013 . Widely recognized for frequently reinventing her style , she received the Fashion Icon lifetime achievement award from the Council of Fashion Designers of America in 2014 . Forbes ranked Rihanna the fourth most powerful celebrity of 2012 , and was named one of Times `` 100 Most Influential People in the World '' later that year .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "ac944516232c8f3f2601e6308b72be58",
"text": "Records and achievements of Madonna American singer Madonna , throughout her career , spanning three decades , has obtained a remarkable series of statistical achievements , setting and breaking several world records with her participation in entrepreneurial activities , of acting and her performance in the musical scene for her videos , singles , albums , and tours . Her first appearance in the Guinness Book of World Records was in 1986 with her third studio album , True Blue . Since then , she has earned multiple appearances , some 20 at least in February 2012 , including her insigne record title as the top-selling female recording artist of all time . Madonna 's commerciality has achieved scrutiny studies and analysis from different point of view in the academia world or by marketers , through her marketing strategies , controversies and reinvention , surpassing to others new or contemporary artists . In popular culture , many international artists have been called `` Madonna '' , many times , by their impact and success in their respective countries or genres . Also , her presence in popular culture , has been led to create world records about Madonna . Dubbed as the most successful and most influential female artist of all time , Madonna 's music is defined in several occasions , for changing contemporary music history for women 's , mainly rock , dance and pop scene .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e9f45fd32ad6ee8e13e09cea6305074d",
"text": "Rico Love Richard `` Rico '' Preston Butler , Jr. ( born December 3 , 1982 ) , better known by his stage name Rico Love , is an American songwriter , record producer and singer . He was born in New Orleans , Louisiana , but split his childhood between Milwaukee , Wisconsin and New York City 's Harlem neighborhood . He attended Florida A&M and , while visiting Atlanta , Georgia , worked his way into the music industry through connections with Usher , who would become Love 's mentor . The first song Love ever wrote in his career was `` Throwback '' for which ended up on Usher 's 2004 album `` Confessions . '' Love success continued writing and producing hit records such as Usher 's `` There Goes My Baby '' and `` Hey Daddy ( Daddy 's Home ) '' , Nelly 's `` Just a Dream '' and `` Gone '' , as well as Beyoncé Knowles ' `` Sweet Dreams '' . and has contributed to works which have gone on to win Grammys such as Beyoncé 's 2009 Best Contemporary R&B album I Am ... Sasha Fierce , Usher 's 2010 Best Contemporary R&B album Raymond v. Raymond , and Usher 's 2010 Best Male R&B Vocal Performance `` There Goes My Baby '' . In addition Love has written and produced records for Kelly Rowland , Diddy -- Dirty Money , Chris Brown , Alexandra Burke , Keri Hilson , Fergie , and Fantasia . Love is also the CEO of Division1 , a record label which partnered with Interscope Records in 2013 . Love has appeared as a featured artist on records with T.I. , Usher , Jermaine Dupri , Jamie Foxx , Rich Boy , and Fat Joe .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "257f3b722a90544e1bf9d2b665d93890",
"text": "2014 iHeartRadio Music Awards The 2014 iHeartRadio Music Awards , was the inaugural music award show presented by iHeartMedia 's platform iHeartRadio and NBC . The awards were held on May 1 , 2014 , at the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles . The awards show was announced on February 26 , 2014 . The nominations were compiled by the results of Mediabase charts , listener feedback and digital straming data from the iHeartRadio platform and announced on March 26 , 2014 . The awards recognized the biggest artists and songs of the year . The show was directed by Hamish Hamilton . The voting took place on iHeartRadio 's official webpage except for the `` Instagram Award '' , where voting took place on social network Instagram . Rihanna led the nominations with eight and also became the biggest winner of the night with four wins including Artist of the Year and Song of the Year . NBC 's telecast of the iHeartRadio Music Awards drew 5.4 million viewers overall and a rating of 1.7 in the key 18-to-49-year-old demographic .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6ddd66c54bf52efed14d06b04669a9c8",
"text": "Stargate (music producers) Stargate is a Norwegian record producing and songwriting team , composed of Tor Erik Hermansen ( born 14 October 1972 ) and Mikkel Storleer Eriksen ( born 10 December 1972 ) , based in New York City . The team 's genres include R&B , pop , dance-pop , Europop and hip hop . Stargate was established in Trondheim , Norway . Stargate broke into the American recording industry in 2006 , with the release of the Billboard Hot 100 No. 1 single , `` So Sick '' , produced and co-written by the team and performed by Ne-Yo . They also produced and co-wrote Beyoncé 's worldwide hit single `` Irreplaceable '' , which topped the Billboard Hot 100 for 10 consecutive weeks . Throughout their career they have been noted for their extensive work with Rihanna , writing and producing four consecutive Billboard Hot 100 No. 1 singles with the Barbadian singer in 2010 and 2011 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c08c87fd6a99eb0d2b23b7caf375cd3f",
"text": "List of Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles of 2007 The Billboard Hot 100 is a chart that ranks the best-performing singles of the United States . Published by Billboard magazine , the data are compiled by Nielsen SoundScan based collectively on each single 's weekly physical and digital sales , and airplay . In 2007 , 17 singles reached the top spot on the chart . An 18th single , Beyoncé Knowles ' `` Irreplaceable '' , began a run at the top in 2006 which continued into 2007 . In 2007 , eight acts achieved their first US number-one single , either as a lead artist or featured guest : Maroon 5 , Avril Lavigne , Mims , Plain White T 's , Sean Kingston , Soulja Boy Tell 'Em , T-Pain , and Yung Joc . Producer Timbaland earned his first number-one single as lead artist with `` Give It to Me '' ; he had previously appeared as featured guest on singer Nelly Furtado 's number-one single `` Promiscuous '' . T-Pain , Justin Timberlake , Nelly Furtado and Fergie each earned two number-one singles , either as a lead artist or featured guest . Three number-one singles tied for the longest run on the chart in 2007 : Knowles ' `` Irreplaceable '' , Rihanna 's `` Umbrella '' , and Soulja Boy Tell 'Em 's `` Crank That ( Soulja Boy ) '' all topped the chart for seven weeks ; the last of these was non-consecutive . However , `` Irreplaceable '' , which started its peak position in three issues the previous year , is credited to by Billboard magazine as 2006 's longest-running single . To this effect , `` Umbrella '' and `` Crank That ( Soulja Boy ) '' are the longest-running singles of 2007 . Other singles with extended chart runs include singer Alicia Keys ' `` No One '' which stayed at number one for five straight weeks . `` Irreplaceable '' is the best-performing single of the calendar year , topping the Year-End Hot 100 singles of 2007 for seven consecutive weeks . Band Maroon 5 's `` Makes Me Wonder '' is noted for its jump from 64th to 1st place on the Billboard Hot 100 , making it the largest leap of 2007 . `` Umbrella '' , which occupied the top slot for seven of summer 's thirteen weeks , has been credited by the music press as 2007 's Song of the Summer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ebdcd2ba4645b03622ca8300357c5bfe",
"text": "Rock City (duo) Rock City is an American musical duo formed in 2003 , from Saint Thomas , U.S. Virgin Islands . The duo , composed of brothers Theron and Timothy Thomas , who use the stage names , A.I. and Uptown AP respectively , and they also are a songwriting and record production team . The duo have also released music under the namesakes R. City and Planet VI . Their debut album , What Dreams Are Made Of , was released in 2015 . They are known for single `` Locked Away '' featuring Adam Levine . In 2007 , the duo signed with Geffen Records and American singer Akon 's KonLive Distribution . During their time there they released a series of mixtapes with the primary title , PTFAO ( Put the F*ckin' Album Out ) -- a reference to the fact that their then-debut album Wake the Neighbors , had not been given a release date . In 2011 , the duo were released from their contract with KonLive and subsequently founded Rebelution Records . In 2014 , they signed a record deal with RCA Records and Dr. Luke 's Kemosabe Records . The Thomas brothers have written and produced for several prominent artists , including Jamaican singer Sean Kingston ( `` Take You There '' ) , American singer Miley Cyrus ( `` We Ca n't Stop '' ) , Trinidadian rapper Nicki Minaj ( `` Only '' ) and Barbadian popstar Rihanna ( `` Pour It Up '' ) . The duo has also contributed to numerous Grammy-nominated albums including Rihanna 's Unapologetic ( which won Best Urban Contemporary Album ) , Jennifer Hudson 's self-titled album ( which won Best R&B Album ) , and Ariana Grande 's My Everything ( which was nominated for Best Pop Vocal Album ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6d403ba95538df951631b910094752a5",
"text": "Grammy Award for Best New Artist The Grammy Award for Best New Artist has been awarded since 1959 . Years reflect the year in which the Grammy Awards were handed out , for records released in the previous year . The award was not presented in 1967 . The official guidelines are as follows : `` For a new artist who releases , during the Eligibility Year , the first recording which establishes the public identity of that artist . '' Note that this is not necessarily the first album released by an artist . It is sometimes asserted , with varying degrees of sincerity , that winning the award is a curse , as several award winners ( particularly from the late 1970s and early 1980s ) were never able to duplicate the success they experienced in their debut year . This viewpoint was expressed by former Starland Vocal Band member Taffy Danoff in a 2002 interview for VH1 's 100 Greatest One Hit Wonders : `` We got two of the five Grammys -- one was Best New Artist . So that was basically the kiss of death and I feel sorry for everyone who 's gotten it since . '' The category is also notable for being the only one of its kind in which a Grammy Award was vacated . This occurred in 1990 after it was revealed winners Milli Vanilli did not contribute their own vocals on their debut album . The award was revoked , but was not handed out to another artist . Of the 54 awards presented in the category since its inception , the honor has been presented to 25 solo female artists , 18 duos or groups , and 11 solo male artists . Between 1997 and 2003 , all the winners were solo female artists . Also , from 1993 to 2005 , no winner was a solo male artist . In 2006 , John Legend broke this trend , which started with Marc Cohn in 1992 . Only four artists have won both Best New Artist and Album of the Year in the same year : Bob Newhart in 1961 , Christopher Cross in 1981 , Lauryn Hill in 1999 and Norah Jones in 2003 . Of all the winners , only three have been country artists . In 1997 , LeAnn Rimes became the first country artist to win the award . She was followed by Carrie Underwood in 2007 and Zac Brown Band in 2010 . Additionally , 2017 marked the first time that two country artists were nominated in this category in the same year . 1984 marked the first time that all of the nominees were from outside of the United States ( Winner Culture Club , Eurythmics , and Musical Youth were from England , Big Country was from Scotland , and Men Without Hats were from Canada ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7f51cbece09d4bf4ae1e2f60009d6378",
"text": "Beautiful Liar `` Beautiful Liar '' is a song recorded by American singer Beyoncé and Colombian singer Shakira . It was written by Beyoncé , Amanda Ghost , Ian Dench , and Stargate members Mikkel S. Eriksen and Tor Erik Hermansen , and produced by Stargate and Beyoncé for the re-release of Beyoncé 's second solo album , B'Day ( 2006 ) . The mixing of the song was done by Gustavo Celis . `` Beautiful Liar '' was released on March 14 , 2007 , by Columbia Records as the first single from the deluxe edition of the album . A Spanish and English mixed version of the song was produced and titled `` Bello Embustero '' . `` Beautiful Liar '' is a mid-tempo song ; musically , it is a melding of Shakira 's Latin and Middle Eastern styles with Beyoncé 's contemporary hip hop and R&B styles . Its theme is female empowerment ; two female protagonists sing about being charmed by the same man , but instead of fighting over him , both ladies agree that he is not worth their time . The song was well received by music critics , who praised generally Beyoncé 's and Shakira 's collaboration . `` Beautiful Liar '' was nominated for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals at the 50th Grammy Awards and the Spanish version was nominated for Record of the Year at the Latin Grammy Awards of 2007 . It won an Ivor Novello Awards for Best-Selling British Song in 2008 . `` Beautiful Liar '' was commercially successful . It peaked at number three on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart and experienced the largest upward movement on that chart until 2008 . The song peaked at number one in many European countries , including France , Germany , Hungary , Ireland , Italy , the Netherlands , New Zealand , Switzerland , and the United Kingdom . Its accompanying music video was directed by Jake Nava , incorporates belly dancing moves . `` Beautiful Liar '' won the Most Earthshattering Collaboration award at the 2007 MTV Video Music Award . The song was included on Beyoncé 's set list during her 2007 The Beyoncé Experience world tour .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6fb0706e9e12ac0760eaa97f22c2a852",
"text": "American Music Award for Favorite Soul/R&B Female Artist The American Music Award for Favorite Soul/R & B Female Artist has been awarded since 1974 . Years reflect the year during which the American Music Awards were presented , for works released in the previous year ( until 2003 onward , when awards were handed out on November of the same year ) . The all-time winner in this category is Rihanna with 6 wins .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad32702062a677298988b84a8ff8912f",
"text": "Billboard Music Award for Top R&B Artist The Billboard Music Award for Top R&B Artist recognizes the most successful R&B artists over the past year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "af4800a91aef91711ec5b3a280054d1b",
"text": "List of million-selling singles in the United Kingdom A million-selling single is regarded by the Official Charts Company ( OCC ) as one that has sold at least 1 million copies since the start of the UK Singles Chart in November 1952 . As well as a traditional purchase of a physical record , a sale can represent one permanent digital download of a track ( physical singles usually consist of two songs , although both are only included in sales figures for double A sides or where both receive a high level of interest and airplay ) . Both British Phonographic Industry ( BPI ) - certified awards ( Silver , Gold and Platinum ) and the weekly charts now include audio streaming but these are not included in the sales figures published by the OCC . Certified awards can also include shipments ( sales to trade ) . The OCC and Music Week regularly announce when a record becomes a million seller . , 167 singles have sold 1 million copies in the UK . Of these , 108 were originally released in the 20th century ( 70 of them selling 1 million before the year 2000 ) and the remainder were released between 2000 and 2014 . The most recently released single to become a million-seller is `` Uptown Funk '' by Mark Ronson featuring Bruno Mars , which was released in December 2014 and passed a million sales ten weeks later in February 2015 . Bing Crosby 's `` White Christmas '' is the earliest release : originally 1942 , although only sales from 1952 onwards are counted . The year in which the most million-sellers were released is 2011 , with twelve ; while a record 36 releases from both the 1990s and the 2010s have sold a million copies . Only two million sellers have failed to reach the top 5 on the UK Singles Chart : Snow Patrol 's `` Chasing Cars '' and Journey 's `` Do n't Stop Believin ' '' , both of which peaked at number 6 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a8ffb7ce9c42d7a428fda7583f9d44e0",
"text": "Ashanti (singer) Ashanti Shequoiya Douglas ( born October 13 , 1980 ) , known simply as Ashanti , is an American singer , songwriter , record producer , dancer and actress . Ashanti is known for her eponymous debut album , which featured the hit song `` Foolish '' , and sold over 505,000 copies in its first week of release throughout the U.S. in April 2002 . In 2003 , the self-titled debut album won Ashanti her first Grammy Award for Best Contemporary R&B album . Her second release achieved a platinum certification and other top 10 singles . Ashanti wrote and sang background on Jennifer Lopez 's `` Ai n't It Funny ( Murder Remix ) '' , which reached number one on Billboard Hot 100 , which was also in the top 10 chart at the same time as `` Foolish '' , `` Always on Time '' ( with Ja Rule ) , and `` What 's Luv ? '' ( with Fat Joe ) . Later that year , she was acclaimed as the `` Princess Of Hip-Hop & R&B '' by her label and capped off her successful debut by winning eight Billboard awards and two American Music Awards . Ashanti cites Whitney Houston , Janet Jackson , Prince , Madonna , Tupac Shakur , Mary J. Blige , Ella Fitzgerald , Smokey Robinson , Donna Summer , and Blue Magic as her musical influences . Since 2013 , she is currently working on her own publishing company titled Written Entertainment .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "492bbeb7b37cbe309622dbb3ea387704",
"text": "Celine Dion Céline Marie Claudette Dion , ( -LSB- ˈdiːɒn -RSB- -LSB- seˈlɪn dziˈjɔ̃ -RSB- ; born 30 March 1968 ) is a Canadian singer and businesswoman . Born into a large family from Charlemagne , Quebec , Dion emerged as a teen star in the French-speaking world after her manager and future husband René Angélil mortgaged his home to finance her first record . Dion first gained international recognition in the 1980s by winning both the 1982 Yamaha World Popular Song Festival and the 1988 Eurovision Song Contest where she represented Switzerland . Following a series of French albums during the 1980s , she signed on to Epic Records in the United States . In 1990 , Dion released her debut English-language album , Unison , establishing herself as a viable pop artist in North America and other English-speaking areas of the world . During the 1990s , with the help of Angélil , she achieved worldwide fame after releasing several English albums along with additional French albums . Her albums , Falling into You ( 1996 ) and Let 's Talk About Love ( 1997 ) , were both certified diamond in the US while D'eux ( 1995 ) became the best-selling French-language album of all time . She also scored a series of international number-one hits , including `` Nothing Broken but My Heart '' , `` The Power of Love '' , `` Think Twice '' , `` Because You Loved Me '' , `` It 's All Coming Back to Me Now '' , `` My Heart Will Go On '' , and `` I 'm Your Angel . '' However , in 1999 at the height of her success , Dion announced a hiatus from entertainment to start a family and spend time with her husband , who had been diagnosed with cancer . She returned to the top of pop music in 2002 and signed to perform nightly in A New Day ... ( 2003 -- 07 ) , a five-star theatrical show at the Colosseum at Caesars Palace , on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise , Nevada . It became the most successful residency show of all time , grossing US $ 385 million . Dion 's music has been influenced by genres ranging from rock and R&B to gospel and classical . Her recordings are mainly in French and English , although she also sings in Spanish , Italian , German , Latin , Japanese , and Mandarin Chinese . While her releases have often received mixed critical reception , she is regarded as one of pop music 's most influential voices . Dion has won five Grammy Awards , including Album of the Year and Record of the Year . She is the second best-selling female artist in the US during the Nielsen SoundScan era . In 2003 , Dion was honoured by the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry ( IFPI ) for selling over 50 million albums in Europe . Dion remains the best-selling Canadian artist and one of the best-selling artists of all time with record sales of over 200 million copies worldwide .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b5aadd183c1015b02bbffa242a48c087",
"text": "Born to Die Born to Die is the second studio album by American singer and songwriter Lana Del Rey . Her major label debut , it was released on January 27 , 2012 by Interscope Records , Polydor Records and Stranger Records . Del Rey collaborated with producers including Patrik Berger , Jeff Bhasker , Chris Braide , Emile Haynie , Justin Parker , Rick Nowels , Robopop and Al Shux to achieve her desired sound . Their efforts resulted in a primarily baroque pop record , which sees additional influences from alternative hip hop , indie pop and trip hop music . Contemporary music critics gave Born to Die mixed reviews ; some commended its distinctive production , while its repetitiveness and melodramatic tendencies were a recurring complaint . The album debuted at number two on the US Billboard 200 with first-week sales of 77,000 copies ; it was later certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) after moving one million units . Born to Die reached the peak positions on eleven international record charts . After attaining online success after its initial premiere on June 29 , 2011 , `` Video Games '' was released as the lead single from Born to Die on October 17 , 2011 ; it peaked at number ninety-one on the US Billboard Hot 100 . Its follow-up singles `` Born to Die '' , `` Off to the Races '' , `` Blue Jeans '' , `` Summertime Sadness '' , `` National Anthem '' , and `` Dark Paradise '' performed sporadically across Billboard component charts and international record charts . The Cedric Gervais remix of `` Summertime Sadness '' was released on July 11 , 2013 and became Del Rey 's highest-charting single in the United States , reaching number six on the Billboard Hot 100 . Del Rey additionally promoted Born to Die with several televised performances , including a widely criticized appearance on Saturday Night Live . It was reissued on November 9 , 2012 as an expanded version subtitled The Paradise Edition , which was packaged with her third extended play Paradise ( 2012 ) . Born to Die has sold 7,000,000 copies worldwide as of June 2014 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "643010387100b1df150caeab46f53613",
"text": "List of number-one singles of 2013 (Australia) The ARIA Singles Chart ranks the best-performing singles in Australia . Its data , published by the Australian Recording Industry Association , is based collectively on each single 's weekly physical and digital sales . In 2013 , seventeen singles claimed the top spot , including `` Thrift Shop '' by Macklemore and Ryan Lewis , which started its peak position in late 2012 . Fifteen acts achieved their first number-one single in Australia , either as a lead or featured artist : Mary Lambert , Nate Ruess , Baauer , Ray Dalton , Passenger , Daft Punk , Pharrell Williams , Robin Thicke , T.I. , Avicii , 2 Chainz , Redfoo , Dami Im , Taylor Henderson and John Legend . Im and Henderson were the only Australian artists to achieve a number-one single . Macklemore and Ryan Lewis had three number-one singles during the year for `` Thrift Shop '' , `` Same Love '' and `` Ca n't Hold Us '' . Jason Derulo earned two number-one singles for `` Talk Dirty '' and `` Trumpets '' . Pharrell Williams also earned two number-one singles during the year , as a featured artist on Daft Punk 's `` Get Lucky '' and Robin Thicke 's `` Blurred Lines '' . Katy Perry 's `` Roar '' was the longest-running number-one single of 2013 , having topped the ARIA Singles Chart for nine weeks . `` Blurred Lines '' was the second longest-running number-one single , with eight consecutive weeks at the top . Passenger 's `` Let Her Go '' stayed at number one for five consecutive weeks , while Avicii 's `` Wake Me Up ! '' topped the chart for six consecutive weeks .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bb15bcc714c715eae349eaf85f89ea1a",
"text": "Whitney Houston discography The discography of American singer Whitney Houston ( 1963 -- 2012 ) consists of seven studio albums , six compilations , two soundtrack albums , five box sets , six extended plays , and fifty-seven singles . In 1985 , Houston released her self-titled debut album . It spent fourteen weeks at number one on the Billboard 200 and was certified thirteen times platinum ( Diamond ) by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , with global sales of 25 million copies . The album produced four US top 5 singles , including three Billboard Hot 100 number-ones . In 1987 , Houston released her second album Whitney . The album debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 and was supported by four US number-one singles : `` I Wan na Dance with Somebody ( Who Loves Me ) '' , `` Did n't We Almost Have It All '' , `` So Emotional '' , and `` Where Do Broken Hearts Go '' , which established an unprecedented seven consecutive number one hits by a performer . Whitney was certified 9 × Platinum by the RIAA and topped the charts in numerous countries , having sold in excess of 20 million copies worldwide . Houston 's third studio album , I 'm Your Baby Tonight ( 1990 ) , peaked at number three on the Billboard 200 chart and yielded two number-one singles ; `` I 'm Your Baby Tonight '' and `` All the Man That I Need '' , selling 10 million units worldwide . In February 1991 , Houston released `` The Star Spangled Banner '' performance from Super Bowl XXV as a single , becoming the highest-charting rendition of the national anthem on the Billboard Hot 100 chart . The Bodyguard soundtrack from her film debut , was released in November 1992 . The album contains tracks by other recording artists but is considered a Houston album by Billboard . It topped the Billboard 200 for twenty non-consecutive weeks , one of the longest tenures by an album in the Nielsen SoundScan era . The album was certified 17 × Platinum the United States and sold over 45 million copies worldwide , becoming the best-selling soundtrack album and one of the top 5 best-selling albums of all time . The lead single from the soundtrack , `` I Will Always Love You '' , topped the Billboard Hot 100 chart for a then-record-breaking fourteen weeks and was certified 6 × Platinum by the RIAA , peaked at number one on the charts in nearly every country and sold 12 million copies worldwide , becoming one of the best-selling singles of all time . Houston contributed three songs , including her eleventh number-one single `` Exhale ( Shoop Shoop ) '' on the 7x platinum soundtrack album , Waiting to Exhale ( November 1995 ) . The following year she released The Preacher 's Wife in November 1996 . The soundtrack was certified 3x Platinum by the RIAA and became the biggest selling gospel album of all time . In 1998 , she released her first studio album in eight years , My Love Is Your Love . The album failed to match the commercial status of her previous albums , peaking at number thirteen , her lowest chart position on the Billboard 200 among her studio albums . Despite initial weak sales , the album went on to achieve multi-platinum status with 11 million units sold worldwide , being certified 4 × Platinum in the United States . From late 1998 to early 2000 , the album generated five singles ; `` When You Believe '' ( duet with Mariah Carey ) , `` Heartbreak Hotel '' , `` It 's Not Right but It 's Okay '' , `` My Love Is Your Love '' , and `` I Learned from the Best '' . Houston entered the 2000s with her first greatest hits compilation , Whitney : The Greatest Hits , released in May 2000 . The double-disc was certified 3 × Platinum by the RIAA in 2002 and earned 5 × Platinum award posthumously , recognizing 2.6 million in sales throughout the United States . The album hit the top position on the UK Albums Chart and sold over 1.66 million copies in the UK alone . Also , it reached the top ten in many worldwide markets , selling 10 million copies globally . Just Whitney , released in December 2002 , became her first album after renewing her contract with Arista for a record $ 100 million in 2001 . The album failed to earn multi-platinum status , receiving only Platinum award in the US , and became her lowest-selling studio album to date . She released a holiday album , One Wish : The Holiday Album in November 2003 . In September 2009 , Houston returned to the top position of the Billboard 200 with I Look to You , becoming her fourth number-one album on the chart ; which was her first non-soundtrack number-one in 22 years , since 1987 's Whitney . It also topped the album charts of several European countries and was certified Platinum by the RIAA . Her albums Whitney Houston , Whitney , The Bodyguard and Whitney : The Greatest Hits are among the top 100 certified albums according to the RIAA . According to the RIAA , Houston is the top-selling R&B female artist of the 20th century , and the fourth best-selling female artist in the United States , with shipments of 57 million albums . In addition , until the launch of the RIAA 's digital certification program in 2004 , she had sold 16.5 million physical singles more than any other female solo artist in history . According to the Official UK Charts Company in October 2012 , Houston is at number four in the top 10 biggest selling female singles artists of all-time list with a sales total of 8.5 million singles . Whitney Houston is one of pop music 's best-selling music artists of all-time , with an estimated 170 -- 200 million records sold worldwide .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "45afc25b41a19f11b5d0b23df13052f9",
"text": "List of number-one singles from the 2000s (New Zealand) In New Zealand , the Recording Industry Association of New Zealand ( RIANZ ) compiles the top forty singles chart each week . Sales of songs determined 75 % of the sorting information , and radio airplay figures were responsible for 25 % . From 18 April 2004 to 29 May 2007 the sales/radio airplay split was 50:50 . Downloads of songs were included from 29 May 2007 . The reporting period is from Monday to Sunday , with the week 's chart published the next Monday . Before 18 April 2004 , the chart week was from Sunday to Saturday , with the chart published on Sunday . The first sales chart was published on 2 May 1975 . Before this , a semi-official voting-based chart , published by the New Zealand Listener , ran from 1966 to 1970 , while the ` Pop-o-meter ' charts started in 1970 and finished in 1975 , when the RIANZ became responsible for the publication of charts . A total of 171 singles topped the chart in the 2000s , including 23 by New Zealand artists . Twenty artists had three or more number-one singles ; the most successful was Akon , whose seven number-ones totalled twenty-three weeks on top of the chart . Chris Brown , Eminem and The Black Eyed Peas each had five of their singles go to number one . Scribe 's double A-side `` Stand Up '' / `` Not Many '' spent the longest at number one , with twelve weeks . This is the most weeks at number one ever by a New Zealander , and the second most for any song , after Boney M. 's `` Rivers of Babylon '' had fourteen weeks in the top spot in 1978 . `` Axel F '' , by Crazy Frog , and `` Brother '' , by Smashproof and Gin Wigmore each had eleven weeks at the top spot . `` Brother '' broke the record for the longest consecutive number-one reign by a New Zealand artist , previously set by `` Sailing Away '' by All of Us in 1986 . On 29 May 2006 , `` Crazy '' by Gnarls Barkley replaced `` Hips Do n't Lie '' by Shakira and Wyclef Jean at the top of the chart , and became the 500th number-one single in the RIANZ New Zealand Singles Chart 's history . Helen Reddy 's `` Free and Easy '' was the first number-one in 1975 . In 1966 , the voting-based chart placed `` A Must to Avoid '' by Herman 's Hermits as the first number-one . ← 1990s 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010s → By artist By song Notes References Bibliography",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "feb2cefa27e5f5cfca3d772bd2acd17b",
"text": "List of Single Top 100 number-one singles of 2011 Throughout all 52 weeks in 2011 , 31 songs topped the Mega Single Top 100 . The Single Top 100 is a chart composed by MegaCharts based on official physical single sales and legal downloads , and one of the three official Dutch record charts , the two others being the Dutch Top 40 and the Mega Top 50 . The first number-one hit on the chart in 2011 was Martin Solveig and Dragonette 's `` Hello '' , and the last was Studio Killers ' `` Ode to the Bouncer '' . Artists and acts that had or were featured in at least one song that topped the Mega Single Top 100 that year for at least one week were Martin Solveig , Dragonette , Jan Smit , Ben Saunders , Dean Saunders , Adele , 3JS , Lady GaGa , Nick & Simon , Alexis Jordan , Glennis Grace , Frans Duijts , Do , Coldplay , Rochelle Perts , Guus Meeuwis , Sak Noel , Lucenzo , Big Ali , Don Omar , Nick Schilder , Thomas Acda , Keizer , Paul de Munnik , Gotye , Kimbra , The Voice of Holland , Gers Pardoel , Jeroen van der Boom , Metropole Orkest ( Dutch : The Metropole Orchestra ) , Birdy , Sandro Silva , Quintino and Studio Killers . Out of these acts , 20 of them , Dean Saunders , Alexis Jordan , Glennis Grace , Frans Duijts , Rochelle Perts , Guus Meeuwis , Sak Noel , Don Amor , Big Ali , Lucenzo , Nick Schilder , Thomas Acda , Simon Keizer , Paul de Munnik , Gotye , Kimbra , Birdy , Quintino , Sandro , and Studio Killers , achieved their first number-one single on the chart that year , either as lead or featured artist . Two artists , Jan Simit and Adele , had 2 songs that went number one . 23 singles that topped the chart were solo songs , while eight others were collaborations . One of Adele 's songs , `` Rolling in the Deep '' , was the best-performing single of 2011 , topping the Single Top 100 's 2011 year-end chart .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c2bb04856c6dfd5c00838481abd1a9fd",
"text": "List of best-selling albums in Spain This is a list of the best-selling albums in Spain that have been certified by the Productores de Música de España ( PROMUSICAE ) . PROMUSICAE is in charge of certifying records in Spain . Until October 2005 , the certification levels for albums in Spain were 50,000 for Gold and 100,000 for Platinum . The current levels , however , are 20,000 for Gold and 40,000 for Platinum . Of the 20 best selling albums in Spain , Spanish artists dominate the list with fourteen entries . Two Italian artists and one artist each from the United Kingdom , United States , Cuba and Mexico complete the list . Three acts - Alejandro Sanz , Mecano , and David Bisbal - appear more than once in the list . Alejandro Sanz tops the list with `` Más '' , selling around 2.2 million copies in the country and being certified 22 times . The best-selling non-Spanish language album in Spain is Spice by Spice Girls , which sold 1 million copies .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8049dd6b56b64cc0a89b80699f32f2da",
"text": "2002 in British music charts This is a summary of 2002 in music in the United Kingdom , including the official charts from that year . In 2002 , as in the previous year , there were 30 songs that reached the top of the charts . Although there were numerous songs that remained at the top for only a week , several managed to carry out runs of 2 or more weeks , none achieving above 4 . The UK also celebrated the 50th anniversary of the UK singles chart . After the Popstars phenomenon of the previous year , the UK became obsessed with talent show winners and the new show Pop Idol became a huge success . The year was thought of as the 2nd Golden Age of Hip-Hop music with many successful artists with Eminem coming out at top once again .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
ca5ba39e113f374ec5ee7660f6582ad3
|
Edward VIII was a monarch.
|
[
{
"docid": "6f7427c6d2caccfcb0e6fd634999c149",
"text": "Edward VIII Edward VIII ( Edward Albert Christian George Andrew Patrick David ; 23 June 1894 -- 28 May 1972 ) was King of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Empire , and Emperor of India , from 20 January 1936 until his abdication on 11 December the same year . Edward was the eldest son of George V and Mary of Teck . He was named Prince of Wales on his sixteenth birthday , nine weeks after his father succeeded as king . As a young man , he served in the British Army during the First World War and undertook several overseas tours on behalf of his father . Edward became king on his father 's death in early 1936 . However , he showed impatience with court protocol , and caused concern among politicians by his apparent disregard for established constitutional conventions . Only months into his reign , he caused a constitutional crisis by proposing marriage to Wallis Simpson , an American who had divorced her first husband and was seeking a divorce from her second . The prime ministers of the United Kingdom and the Dominions opposed the marriage , arguing that a divorced woman with two living ex-husbands was politically and socially unacceptable as a prospective queen consort . Additionally , such a marriage would have conflicted with Edward 's status as the titular head of the Church of England , which at the time disapproved of remarriage after divorce if a former spouse was still alive . Edward knew that the British government , led by Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin , would resign if the marriage went ahead , which could have forced a general election and would ruin his status as a politically neutral constitutional monarch . When it became apparent that he could not marry Wallis and remain on the throne , Edward abdicated . He was succeeded by his younger brother , George VI . With a reign of 326 days , Edward is one of the shortest-reigning monarchs in British history . After his abdication , he was created Duke of Windsor . He married Wallis in France on 3 June 1937 , after her second divorce became final . Later that year , the couple toured Germany . During the Second World War , he was at first stationed with the British Military Mission to France but , after private accusations that he held Nazi sympathies , he was appointed Governor of the Bahamas . After the war , Edward spent the rest of his life in retirement in France .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "e603b3257d8323ea9bfa728495808cd2",
"text": "Edward III (disambiguation) Edward III of England ( 1312 -- 1377 ) was King of England from 1327 until his death . Edward III may also refer to : Edward III , Duke of Bar ( 1377 -- 1415 ) , who fought and died at the Battle of Agincourt during the Hundred Years ' War Edward III ( play ) , a play thought to be by William Shakespeare",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "65db15b7b1b6d8061b34c5578b25d138",
"text": "1952 Commonwealth Prime Ministers' Economic Conference The 1952 Commonwealth Prime Ministers ' Economic Conference was an emergency Meeting of the Heads of Government of the Commonwealth of Nations . It was called by the British government of Sir Winston Churchill and held in the United Kingdom in December 1952 as a follow-up to a Commonwealth Finance Minister 's conference held in January 1952 . The conference was held in the context of British economic and military decline and the United States ' surging role in the world . The principal topic of the conference was the convertibility and liquidity of Pound sterling into American dollars and British concerns that non-sterling Commonwealth countries were building up sterling balances for the purpose of conversion into American dollars , the future of the Pound sterling area , and the alleviation of Commonwealth trade restrictions and imperial preference , particularly in the light of the surging American economy and the desire of Commonwealth countries such as Australia for American investment in order for economic development to occur against British concerns that American economic dominance threatened Britain 's economic position . This discussion was necessary as the Commonwealth , with the exception of Canada , had a common pool of gold and dollar reserves . Little was accomplished in the economic discussion with the final communique being described as an `` agreement in platitudes '' . British concerns at being excluded from the ANZUS military treaty between Australia , New Zealand and the United States were also a topic and were addressed by a communique issued by the prime ministers supporting Britain 's demand for a voice in ANZUS . In addition , Commonwealth prime ministers , after months of discussion on whether the newly ascended Queen Elizabeth II should have a uniform Royal Styles and Titles throughout the Commonwealth or whether realms should adopt their own styles and titles , it was agreed that each member of the Commonwealth `` should use for its own purposes a form of the Royal Style and Titles which suits its own particular circumstances but retains a substantial element which is common to all '' and agreed to pass appropriate legislation in their respective parliaments . The prime ministers also agreed to proclaim the new Queen , Elizabeth II , Head of the Commonwealth in succession of her late father , George VI .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d57375f112fbb548b73096cf2877e53e",
"text": "Richard Edwardes Richard Edwardes ( also Edwards , 25 March 1525 -- 31 October 1566 ) was an English poet , playwright , and composer ; he was made a Gentleman of the Chapel Royal , and was master of the singing boys . He was known for his comedies and interludes . He was also rumoured to be an illegitimate son of Henry VIII .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "69a5e9ee146d5a97ff5bf88180d64bd8",
"text": "Earl of Beaconsfield Earl of Beaconsfield , of Hughenden in the County of Buckingham , was a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom . It was created in 1876 for Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli , a favourite of Queen Victoria . Victoria favoured Disraeli 's Tory policies over those of his Liberal rival , William Ewart Gladstone . Disraeli had also promoted the Royal Titles Act 1876 that had given Victoria the title of `` Empress of India '' . The subsidiary title of the earldom was Viscount Hughenden , of Hughenden in the County of Buckingham , also in the Peerage of the United Kingdom . In 1868 , at the end of his first term as Prime Minister , Disraeli 's wife Mary had been created Viscountess Beaconsfield , of Beaconsfield in the County of Buckingham , in her own right , allowing her husband to remain a member of the House of Commons . Lady Beaconsfield died in 1872 . When Disraeli became an earl in 1876 he automatically lost his seat in the Commons but remained Prime Minister , leading his government from the House of Lords . Beaconsfield is the name of a town in the county of Buckinghamshire . For most of his parliamentary career , Disraeli served as a member for Buckinghamshire . He owned an estate , Hughenden Manor , in the nearby town of High Wycombe , but never lived in Beaconsfield . His choice of title might have been partly influenced by the fact that in 1794 the conservative political philosopher and parliamentarian Edmund Burke , whom Disraeli admired , had turned down King George III 's offer to raise him to the peerage as Lord Beaconsfield . In 1878 , Disraeli refused Queen Victoria 's offer to make him a duke , accepting instead membership in the Order of the Garter . The Disraelis died without direct heirs and their titles became extinct ; Hughenden Manor passed to Lord Beaconsfield 's nephew Coningsby Ralph Disraeli .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "471988de30007725fde9ab307a52eab4",
"text": "Culture of the United Kingdom The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK 's history as a developed island country , a liberal democracy and a major power ; its predominantly Christian religious life ; and its composition of four countries -- England , Wales , Scotland and Northern Ireland -- each of which has distinct customs , cultures and symbolism . The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture , and Humanism , Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture . British literature , music , cinema , art , theatre , comedy , media , television , philosophy , architecture and education are important aspects of British culture . The United Kingdom is also prominent in science and technology , producing world-leading scientists ( e.g. Isaac Newton and Charles Darwin ) and inventions . Sport is an important part of British culture ; numerous sports originated in the country , including football . The UK has been described as a `` cultural superpower '' , and London has been described as a world cultural capital . The Industrial Revolution , which started in the UK , had a profound effect on the socio-economic and cultural conditions of the world . As a result of the British Empire , significant British influence can be observed in the language , law , culture and institutions of a geographically wide assortment of countries , including Australia , Canada , India , the Republic of Ireland , New Zealand , Nigeria , Pakistan , South Africa , the United States and English speaking Caribbean nations . These states are sometimes collectively known as the Anglosphere , and are among Britain 's closest allies . In turn the empire also influenced British culture , particularly British cuisine . The cultures of England , Scotland , Wales and Northern Ireland are diverse and have varying degrees of overlap and distinctiveness .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "40ca860b90d67d9e8cc6f84c171e7900",
"text": "Government of India Act 1858 The Government of India Act 1858 was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom ( 21 & 22 Vict . c. 106 ) passed on August 2 , 1858 . Its provisions called for the liquidation of the British East India Company ( who had up to this point been ruling British India under the auspices of Parliament ) and the transference of its functions to the British Crown . Lord Palmerston , then-Prime Minister of the United Kingdom , introduced a bill for the transfer of control of the Government of India from the East India Company to the Crown , referring to the grave defects in the existing system of the government of India . However , before this bill was to be passed , Palmerstone was forced to resign on another issue . Later Edward Henry Stanley , 15th Earl of Derby ( who would later become the first Secretary of State for India ) introduced another bill which was originally titled as `` An Act for the Better Government of India '' and it was passed on August 2 , 1858 . This act provided that India was to be governed directly and in the name of the Crown .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9193c1145d3392c90a2a48ace0e843b2",
"text": "Monarchy of Australia The monarchy of Australia is a form of government in which a hereditary king or queen serves as the nation 's sovereign . Australia is governed under a form of constitutional monarchy , largely modelled on the Westminster system of parliamentary government , while incorporating features unique to the Constitution of Australia . The present monarch is Elizabeth II , styled Queen of Australia , who has reigned since 6 February 1952 . She is represented in Australia by the Governor-General , in accordance with the Australian Constitution and letters patent from the Queen . In each of the states , the monarch is represented by a governor , appointed directly by the Queen on the advice of each of her respective state governments . The Australian monarch , besides reigning in Australia , separately serves as monarch for each of 15 other Commonwealth nations known as realms . This developed from the former colonial relationship between these countries and the United Kingdom , but they are now independent of each other and are legally distinct .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8982e60c9634165648dde10ba72b639f",
"text": "Cultural depictions of Edward II of England Edward II of England has been portrayed in popular culture a number of times .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "507bcaf0dee9e44629bc67f7182a7b91",
"text": "Eleanor of England, Countess of Bar Eleanor of England ( 18 June 1269 -- 29 August 1298 ) was an English princess , the eldest surviving daughter of King Edward I of England and his first wife , Queen Eleanor of Castile . What evidence exists for her early years suggests that while her parents were absent on Crusade between 1270 and 1274 , she became very close to her paternal grandmother , Eleanor of Provence , with whom she continued to spend a good deal of time . She was also close to her sickly brother Henry . On one Pentecost Eve , Henry and Eleanor were given two partridges for their dinner , for a special treat . For a long period Eleanor was betrothed to King Alfonso III of Aragon . Alfonso 's parents were under papal interdict , however , because of their claims to the throne of Sicily , which were contrary to the papal donation of the Sicilian throne to Charles I of Naples , and despite the Aragonese ruler 's repeated pleas that Edward I send his daughter to them for marriage , Edward refused to send her as long as the interdict remained in place . In 1282 he declined one such request by saying that his wife and mother felt the girl , who had just turned 13 , was too young to be married , and that they wanted to wait another two years before sending her to Aragon . Alfonso died before the marriage could take place . Eleanor subsequently married the French nobleman , Henry III , Count of Bar on September 20 , 1293 , and had two children : Edward I , Count of Bar Joan According to Kenneth Panton , Eleanor is credited with a daughter called Eleanor ( b. 1285 ) , who supposedly married a Welshman named Llywelyn ap Owain . She was buried in Westminster Abbey .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "42edafb91d0d6bf41db9f8d91a17212c",
"text": "Kingdom of Great Britain The United Kingdom of Great Britain , officially Great Britain , was a sovereign state in western Europe from 1 May 1707 to 31 December 1800 . The state came into being following the Treaty of Union in 1706 , ratified by the Acts of Union 1707 , which united the kingdoms of England and Scotland to form a single kingdom encompassing the whole island of Great Britain and its outlying islands . It did not include Ireland , which remained a separate realm . The unitary state was governed by a single parliament and government that was based in Westminster . The former kingdoms had been in personal union since James VI , King of Scots , became King of England and King of Ireland in 1603 following the death of Queen Elizabeth I , bringing about a `` Union of the Crowns '' . Also after the accession of George I to the throne of Great Britain in 1714 , the kingdom was in a personal union with the Electorate of Hanover . The early years of the unified kingdom were marked by Jacobite risings which ended in defeat for the Stuart cause at Culloden in 1746 . Later on in 1763 , victory in the Seven Years ' War led to the dominance of the British Empire , which was to become the foremost global power for over a century and later grew to become the largest empire in history . On 1 January 1801 , the kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland were merged to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland . In 1922 , five-sixths of Ireland seceded from the United Kingdom and the state was renamed the `` United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland '' -- a title it has retained to date .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d94f1fd3dd85133e8a176a872d0eaddb",
"text": "Thomas Seymour, 1st Baron Seymour of Sudeley Thomas Seymour , 1st Baron Seymour of Sudeley , KG ( c. 1508 -- 20 March 1549 ) was the brother of the English queen Jane Seymour who was the third wife of King Henry VIII and mother of King Edward VI . He was also the fourth husband of Catherine Parr who was the sixth and last wife of Henry VIII . However , he is probably best known for his influence in the life of the future Queen Elizabeth I. Thomas was the son of Sir John Seymour and Margaret Wentworth . He was the younger brother of Edward Seymour , 1st Duke of Somerset ( 1500-1552 ) . He grew up at Wulfhall , the Seymour family home , in Wiltshire , a county in southwest England . The Seymours were a family of country gentry , who , like most holders of manorial rights , traced their ancestry to a Norman origin . To his contemporaries , he was forceful and reckless , and also , very attractive to women . Sir Nicholas Throckmorton , a boyhood friend of King Edward , described Thomas Seymour as `` hardy , wise and liberal ... fierce in courage , courtly in fashion , in personage stately , in voice magnificent , but somewhat empty of matter . '' And though ambitious , his brother , Edward Seymour , far surpassed and out-distanced him in their rivalry over control of their nephew , Edward Tudor , and for power . He was executed for treason .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "68faeda2f50eab595360a56c517a2da2",
"text": "List of Prime Ministers of King George VI King George VI was the monarch of the United Kingdom , the British Commonwealth and the British Empire from 11 December 1936 until his death on 6 February 1952 . During his reign George was served by a total of 31 Prime Ministers ; 4 from the United Kingdom , 7 from Australia , 2 from Canada , 1 from Ceylon , 1 from India , 1 from Ireland , 3 from Malta , 3 from New Zealand , 3 from Northern Ireland , 2 from Pakistan , 3 from South Africa and 1 from Southern Rhodesia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7100993df8ba067288ea043e3cf7392d",
"text": "Descent of Elizabeth II from William the Conqueror This list shows the most senior line of descent of Elizabeth II , the current British Sovereign , from William I. Each person on the list is the son or daughter of the person above him or her on the list . There are many other more junior lines of descent of the family , but the crown , in theory at least , only descends through the most senior line ( a major exception being the exclusion of the genealogically senior Jacobite succession by the Act of Settlement 1701 ) . Owing to extinct lines , large parts of entire royal houses ( Lancaster , Tudor , Stuart ) are bypassed in the current most senior line . The numbers can be used to calculate the number of generations between two individuals on this list .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "55984f256bbecdc362eb0e6ae3398dad",
"text": "Edward de Courtenay, 3rd/11th Earl of Devon Edward Courtenay , 3rd/11th Earl of Devon ( c. 1357 -- 5 December 1419 ) , known by the epithet the `` Blind Earl '' , was the son of Sir Edward de Courtenay and Emeline Dawnay , and in 1377 succeeded his grandfather , Hugh Courtenay , 10th Earl of Devon , as Earl of Devon . The ordinal number given to the early Courtenay Earls of Devon depends on whether the earldom is deemed a new creation by the letters patent granted 22 February 1334/5 or whether it is deemed a restitution of the old dignity of the de Redvers family . Authorities differ in their opinions , and thus alternative ordinal numbers exist , given here .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1c712fcc59ae728093cd347add9d84df",
"text": "Edward Wettin Edward Wettin may refer to : Edward VII of the United Kingdom ( 1841-1910 ) , British monarch 1901-1910 Edward VIII of the United Kingdom ( 1894-1972 ) , British monarch , abdicated throne in 1936",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5da4877a94e41afce672793574167ee4",
"text": "Edward, King of Portugal Duarte ( -LSB- duˈaɾt -RSB- ; 31 October 1391 -- 9 September 1438 ) , known in English as Edward and called the Philosopher ( o Rei-Filósofo ) or the Eloquent ( o Eloquente ) , was King of Portugal and the Algarve and Lord of Ceuta from 1433 until his death . He was born in Viseu , the son of John I of Portugal and his wife , Queen Philippa of Portugal , a daughter of John of Gaunt . Edward was the oldest member of the `` Illustrious Generation '' of accomplished royal children who contributed to the development of Portuguese civilization during the 15th century . As a cousin of several English kings , he became a Knight of the Garter .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1488eef2f350a3e200af1008da95602d",
"text": "Wars of the Roses The Wars of the Roses were a series of wars for control of the throne of England fought between supporters of two rival branches of the royal House of Plantagenet : the House of Lancaster ( associated with a red rose ) , and the House of York ( whose symbol was a white rose ) . The conflict lasted through many sporadic episodes between 1455 and 1487 ; however , there was fighting before and after this period between the houses . The power struggle ignited around social and financial troubles following the Hundred Years ' War , combined with the mental infirmity and weak rule of Henry VI which revived interest in Richard of York 's claim to the throne . Historians disagree about whether the Wars of the Roses were caused by the structural problems of bastard feudalism or Henry VI 's ineffectiveness as king . With the Duke of York 's death , the claim transferred to his heir , Edward , who later became the first Yorkist king of England , as Edward IV . His son reigned for 86 days as Edward V , but Parliament then decided that Edward and his brother Richard were illegitimate and offered the crown to Edward IV 's younger brother , who became Richard III . The two young princes disappeared within the confines of the Tower of London . The final victory went to a claimant of the Lancastrian party , Henry Tudor , Earl of Richmond , who defeated the last Yorkist king , Richard III , at the Battle of Bosworth Field . After assuming the throne as Henry VII , he married Elizabeth of York , the eldest daughter and heir of Edward IV , thereby uniting the two claims . The House of Tudor ruled the Kingdom of England until 1603 , with the death of Elizabeth I , granddaughter of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c92e2aa20923dcd87fe52d51ce4c66fc",
"text": "Duke of Bedford Duke of Bedford ( named after Bedford , England ) is a title that has been created six times ( for five distinct people ) in the Peerage of England . The first and second creations came in 1414 in favour of Henry IV 's third son , John , who later served as regent of France . He was made Earl of Kendal at the same time and was made Earl of Richmond later the same year . The titles became extinct on his death in 1435 . The third creation came in 1470 in favour of George Neville , nephew of Warwick the Kingmaker . He was deprived of the title by Act of Parliament in 1478 . The fourth creation came 1478 in favour of George , the third son of Edward IV . He died the following year at the age of two . The fifth creation came in 1485 in favour of Jasper Tudor , half-brother of Henry VI and uncle of Henry VII . He had already been created Earl of Pembroke in 1452 . However , as he was a Lancastrian , his title was forfeited between 1461 and 1485 during the predominance of the House of York . He regained the earldom in 1485 when his nephew Henry VII came to the throne and was elevated to the dukedom the same year . He had no legitimate children and the titles became extinct on his death in 1495 . The Russell family currently holds the titles of Earl and Duke of Bedford . John Russell , a close advisor of Henry VIII and Edward VI , was granted the title of Earl of Bedford in 1551 , and his descendant William , 5th Earl , was created Duke following the Glorious Revolution . The subsidiary titles of the Duke of Bedford , all in the Peerage of England , are Marquess of Tavistock ( created 1694 ) , Earl of Bedford ( 1550 ) , Baron Russell , of Cheneys ( 1539 ) , Baron Russell of Thornhaugh in the County of Northampton ( 1603 ) , and Baron Howland , of Streatham in the County of Surrey ( 1695 ) ( and possibly the Barony of Bedford , which was merged into it in 1138 , 1366 or 1414 ) . The courtesy title of the Duke of Bedford 's eldest son and heir is Marquess of Tavistock '' . Every Duke from the 5th Duke onwards is descended from Charles II of England . The family seat is Woburn Abbey , Bedfordshire . The private mausoleum and chapel of the Russell Family and the Dukes of Bedford is at St. Michael 's Church in Chenies , Buckinghamshire ( photo ) . The family owns The Bedford Estate in central London .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4f3ce54bd0347ac6ea4646af0557a2f1",
"text": "Duration of English Parliaments before 1660 This article augments the List of Parliaments of England to be found elsewhere ( see link below ) and to precede Duration of English , British and United Kingdom Parliaments from 1660 , with additional information which could not be conveniently incorporated in them . The definition of which bodies should be classified as Parliaments becomes increasingly problematic before the accession of the Tudor monarchs , starting with King Henry VII . Different sources may vary in the number of Parliaments in a particular reign . The columns in the tables below count backwards from the Parliament elected in 2005 . This is not the conventional way of numbering Parliaments . The No . column contains the number counting forward from the accession of particular monarchs of England before 1660 ( or the Commonwealth and Protectorate regimes of the 1650s ) . The duration column is calculated from the date of the first meeting of the Parliament , to that of dissolution , using a year-month-day format .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "48a22c24195e3780c3994155d86d4ad8",
"text": "Catherine Fillol Catherine Fillol ( or Filliol ) ( c. 1507 - c. 1535 ) was the daughter and co-heiress of Sir William Fillol ( 1453 - 9 July 1527 ) , of Woodlands , Horton , Dorset , and of Fillol 's Hall , Essex . She became the first wife of Sir Edward Seymour , who went on to become the first Duke of Somerset of a new creation , Lord Protector of England and the uncle of King Edward VI , after his sister Jane married King Henry VIII . A 17th-century marginal note to copy of Vincent 's Baronage at College of Heralds alleged that she had had an affair with her father-in-law , Sir John Seymour . However , there is no contemporary evidence to support this . Catherine Fillol may have gone to a local convent , as this seems to be implied by a remark in her father 's will . The will was challenged by Sir Edward Seymour in 1531 , on the basis that his father-in-law was not of sound mind . In 1535 , Sir Edward Seymour married his second wife Anne Stanhope , indicating that Catherine Fillol had probably died no later than early 1535 . Catherine Fillol had two sons , John Seymour ( buried 19 December 1552 ) , who died unmarried and without issue , and Edward Seymour . Edward Seymour had ten more children by his second wife , including his eventual heir Edward Seymour , 1st Earl of Hertford . When he was later created Duke of Somerset , his children by his first marriage were still considered legitimate , but the patent of nobility provides that the dukedom is to descend first to his heirs by Anne , and only in the event of the failure of that line to his heirs by Catherine . With the death of Algernon , the seventh duke of Somerset in 1750 , the Seymour Baronets of Berry Pomeroy Castle , inherited the title of Duke of Somerset . Consequently , the present Duke of Somerset is descended from Catherine Filliol .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
b07f12388c050bca8bcc3041102602ba
|
Brad Pitt produced at least two Best Picture Oscar winners.
|
[
{
"docid": "bb3d2078db306e55ca2495e0fbbf1dd1",
"text": "The Departed The Departed is a 2006 American crime drama film directed by Martin Scorsese and written by William Monahan . It is a remake of the 2002 Hong Kong film Infernal Affairs . The film stars Leonardo DiCaprio , Matt Damon , Jack Nicholson , and Mark Wahlberg , with Martin Sheen , Ray Winstone , Vera Farmiga , Anthony Anderson and Alec Baldwin in supporting roles . The film takes place in Boston . Irish Mob boss Francis `` Frank '' Costello ( Jack Nicholson ) plants Colin Sullivan ( Matt Damon ) as a mole within the Massachusetts State Police ; the two characters are loosely based on famous gangster Whitey Bulger and corrupt FBI agent John Connolly , who grew up with Bulger . Simultaneously , the police assign undercover state trooper William `` Billy '' Costigan ( Leonardo DiCaprio ) to infiltrate Costello 's crew . When both sides realize the situation , Sullivan and Costigan both attempt to discover the other 's identity before their covers are blown . The film was a critical and commercial success and won several awards , including four Oscars at the 79th Academy Awards : Best Picture , Best Director , Best Adapted Screenplay and Best Film Editing . Wahlberg was also nominated for Best Supporting Actor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "71fccd02d33119296f929c858a35dde6",
"text": "12 Years a Slave (film) 12 Years a Slave is a 2013 period drama film and an adaptation of the 1853 slave narrative memoir Twelve Years a Slave by Solomon Northup , a New York State-born free African-American man who was kidnapped in Washington , D.C. , in 1841 and sold into slavery . Northup worked on plantations in the state of Louisiana for 12 years before being released . The first scholarly edition of Northup 's memoir , co-edited in 1968 by Sue Eakin and Joseph Logsdon , carefully retraced and validated the account and concluded it to be accurate . Other characters in the film were also real people , including Edwin and Mary Epps , and Patsey . The film was directed by Steve McQueen . The screenplay was written by John Ridley . Chiwetel Ejiofor stars as Solomon Northup . Michael Fassbender , Benedict Cumberbatch , Paul Dano , Paul Giamatti , Lupita Nyong ` o , Sarah Paulson , Brad Pitt , and Alfre Woodard are all featured in supporting roles . Principal photography took place in New Orleans , Louisiana , from June 27 to August 13 , 2012 . The locations used were four historic antebellum plantations : Felicity , Bocage , Destrehan , and Magnolia . Of the four , Magnolia is nearest to the actual plantation where Northup was held . 12 Years a Slave received widespread critical acclaim , and was named the best film of 2013 by several media outlets . It proved to be a box office success , earning over $ 187 million on a production budget of $ 22 million . The film won three Academy Awards : Best Picture , Best Supporting Actress for Nyong ` o , and Best Adapted Screenplay for Ridley . The Best Picture win made McQueen the first black producer ever to have received the award and the first black director to have directed a Best Picture winner . The film was awarded the Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture -- Drama , and the British Academy of Film and Television Arts recognized it with the Best Film and the Best Actor award for Ejiofor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "93865540711ce661e8fd7fb8196f4270",
"text": "Brad Pitt William Bradley Pitt ( born December 18 , 1963 ) is an American actor and producer . He has received multiple awards and nominations including an Academy Award as producer under his own company Plan B Entertainment . Pitt first gained recognition as a cowboy hitchhiker in the road movie Thelma & Louise ( 1991 ) . His first leading roles in big-budget productions came with the dramas A River Runs Through It ( 1992 ) and Legends of the Fall ( 1994 ) , and Interview with the Vampire ( 1994 ) . He gave critically acclaimed performances in the crime thriller Seven and the science fiction film 12 Monkeys ( both 1995 ) , the latter earning him a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor and an Academy Award nomination . Pitt starred in the cult film Fight Club ( 1999 ) and the heist film Ocean 's Eleven ( 2001 ) and its sequels , Ocean 's Twelve ( 2004 ) and Ocean 's Thirteen ( 2007 ) . His greatest commercial successes have been Troy ( 2004 ) , Mr. & Mrs. Smith ( 2005 ) , and World War Z ( 2013 ) . Pitt received his second and third Academy Award nominations for his leading performances in The Curious Case of Benjamin Button ( 2008 ) and Moneyball ( 2011 ) . He produced The Departed ( 2006 ) and 12 Years a Slave ( 2013 ) , both of which won the Academy Award for Best Picture , and also The Tree of Life , Moneyball , and The Big Short ( 2015 ) , all of which garnered Best Picture nominations . As a public figure , Pitt has been cited as one of the most influential and powerful people in the American entertainment industry , as well as the world 's most attractive man , by various media outlets . His personal life is also the subject of wide publicity . Divorced from actress Jennifer Aniston , to whom he was married for five years , he has been married to actress Angelina Jolie since 2014 . They have six children together , three of whom were adopted internationally . In September 2016 , Jolie filed for divorce from Pitt .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "601c999353b05e482bdc578bda7fd3f5",
"text": "38th Saturn Awards The 38th Saturn Awards , honoring the best in science fiction , fantasy and horror film and television in 2011 , were held on July 26 , 2012 in Burbank , California . The awards are presented by the Academy of Science Fiction , Fantasy and Horror Films . The six Best Film Award categories were respectively won by Rise of the Planet of the Apes ( Science Fiction ) , Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows -- Part 2 ( Fantasy ) , The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo ( Horror or Thriller ) , Mission : Impossible -- Ghost Protocol ( Action or Adventure ) , The Skin I Live In ( International ) and Puss in Boots ( Animated ) . Rise of the Planet of the Apes and Super 8 led the winners with three each . In the television categories , Breaking Bad won three of its six nominations , including Best Syndicated/Cable Television Series . Fringe , The Walking Dead and Teen Wolf won the other Best Series Awards . Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows -- Part 2 became the first Harry Potter film to win Best Fantasy Film , for which the seven previous Harry Potter films were nominated , and only the second film of the series to win a Saturn Award , following The Philosopher 's Stone which won Best Costume in 2001 . Mission : Impossible -- Ghost Protocol also became the first Mission : Impossible film to win Best Action or Adventure Film , following the nominations of the first and third installments .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "265457bbd71c6794b018f6d68b1e85e8",
"text": "25th Academy Awards The 25th Academy Awards ceremony was held on March 19 , 1953 . It took place at the RKO Pantages Theatre in Hollywood , California , and the NBC International Theatre in New York City . It was the first Academy Awards ceremony to be televised , and the first ceremony to be held in Hollywood and New York City simultaneously . It was also the only year that the New York ceremonies were to be held in the NBC International Theatre on Columbus Circle , which was shortly thereafter demolished and replaced by the New York Coliseum convention center . A major upset occurred in the category of Best Picture . The heavily favored High Noon lost to Cecil B. DeMille 's The Greatest Show on Earth , eventually considered among the worst films to have won the Academy Award for Best Picture . The American film magazine Premiere placed the movie on its list of the 10 worst Oscar winners and the British film magazine Empire rated it # 3 on their list of the 10 worst Oscar winners . It has the lowest spot on Rotten Tomatoes ' list of the 81 films to win Best Picture . Of all the films nominated for the Oscar this year , only High Noon and Singin ' in the Rain would show up 46 years later on the American Film Institute list of the greatest American films of the 20th Century . For a film that only received two nominations , Singin ' in the Rain went on to be named as the greatest American musical film of all time and in the 2007 American Film Institute updated list as the fifth greatest American film of all time , while High Noon was ranked twenty-seventh on the same 2007 list , as well . The Bad and the Beautiful won five awards , the most wins ever for a film not nominated for Best Picture . It was also the second Academy Awards in which a film not nominated for Best Picture received the most awards of the evening , excluding years where there were ties for the most wins . The only other film to do this was The Thief of Bagdad at the 13th Academy Awards ; as of the 87th Academy Awards , it has not happened since . Until Spotlight won only Best Picture and Best Original Screenplay at the 88th Academy Awards , this was the last year in which the Best Picture winner won just two Oscars . It was also the second of three years to date in which two films not nominated for Best Picture received more nominations than the winner ( The Bad and the Beautiful and Hans Christian Andersen , both with six ) . This occurred again at the 79th Academy Awards . Shirley Booth also became the last person to win an Oscar in a Leading Role to be born in the 19th century . She also holds the distinction of being the first woman in her 50s to win the award , at the age of 54 ( the second woman in her 50s to win , Julianne Moore , was 54 when awarded at the 87th Academy Awards ) . John Ford 's fourth win for Best Director set a record for the most wins in this category that remains unmatched to this day . For the first time since the introduction of Supporting Actor and Actress awards in 1936 , Best Picture , Best Director , and all four acting Oscars went to six different films . This has happened only three times since , at the 29th Academy Awards for 1956 , the 78th for 2005 , and the 85th for 2012 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b5349efb37d6a05cec1e9202ce515c28",
"text": "List of submissions to the 85th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film This is a list of submissions to the 85th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film . The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS ) has invited the film industries of various countries to submit their best film for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film every year since the award was created in 1956 . The award is presented annually by the Academy to a feature-length motion picture produced outside the United States that contains primarily non-English dialogue . The Foreign Language Film Award Committee oversees the process and reviews all the submitted films . Nine shortlisted contenders will be revealed a week before the announcement of the Oscar nominations . The submitted motion pictures must be first released theatrically in their respective countries between 1 October 2011 , and 30 September 2012 . On 8 October 2012 , the Academy announced the final list of eligible submissions , with a record number of 71 films . Nine finalists were announced in December 2012 , which were shortlisted in January , with the final five nominees announced on 10 January 2013 . The Austrian entry Amour directed by Michael Haneke was the eventual winner . Kenya submitted its first film in the Foreign Language category with Nairobi Half Life . Cambodia made its first submission in 18 years ( and its second overall ) with Lost Loves .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "da106573fbb7e2da01294c803954d891",
"text": "Allied (film) Allied is a 2016 romantic thriller film directed by Robert Zemeckis and written by Steven Knight . It stars Brad Pitt as a Canadian intelligence officer and Marion Cotillard as a French Resistance fighter and collaborator , who fall in love during a mission in Casablanca . Jared Harris , Simon McBurney and Lizzy Caplan also star . Principal photography began in February 2016 in London . The film was released in the United States on November 23 , 2016 by Paramount Pictures , receiving mixed reviews from critics , although Pitt and particularly Cotillard 's performances were praised , and grossed $ 119 million worldwide . It received an Academy Award nomination for Best Costume Design .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5df96c0814e26b36c1c686b0693dcb1b",
"text": "26th Academy Awards The 26th Academy Awards honored the best in films of 1953 . The second national telecast of the Awards show drew an estimated 43 million viewers . Shirley Booth , appearing in a play in Philadelphia , presented the Best Actor award through a live broadcast cut-in , and privately received the winner 's name over the telephone from co-host Donald O'Connor . ( Actor Fredric March co-hosted from New York City . ) Gary Cooper filmed his presentation of the Best Actress award in advance on a set in Mexico , with O'Connor announcing the winner 's name . All the major winners in this year were black-and-white films . The big winner was Fred Zinnemann 's From Here to Eternity , with thirteen nominations and eight awards including Best Picture , Best Supporting Actor , Best Supporting Actress , Best Director , Best Screenplay ( Daniel Taradash ) , Best Cinematography ( Burnett Guffey ) , Best Sound , and Best Film Editing . All five of its major actors and actresses were nominated , with secondary players Donna Reed and Frank Sinatra taking home Oscars . The candid film was based on James Jones ' controversial , best-selling novel about Army life on a Hawaiian ( Oahu ) military base just prior to the Pearl Harbor attack and World War II , illustrating the conflict between an individualistic private ( Montgomery Clift ) and rigid institutional authority ( exemplified by the Army ) . Its achievement of eight awards matched the then record held by Gone with the Wind ( 1939 ) . The record would be tied again the following year by On the Waterfront ( 1954 ) . Walt Disney won four awards , which remains the record for the most Oscars won in the same year . William Holden 's speech for Best Actor for his role in Stalag 17 was simply `` Thank You '' , making it one of the shortest speeches ever ; the TV broadcast had a strict cutoff time which forced Holden 's quick remarks . The frustrated Holden personally paid for advertisements in the Hollywood trade publications to thank everyone he wanted to on Oscar night . He also remarked that he felt that either Burt Lancaster or Montgomery Clift should have won the Best Actor Oscar for From Here to Eternity , instead of him .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d515fa8355ad84f864b066ab9d157c1f",
"text": "The Curious Case of Benjamin Button (film) The Curious Case of Benjamin Button is a 2008 American romantic fantasy drama film directed by David Fincher . The storyline by Eric Roth and Robin Swicord is loosely based on the 1922 short story of the same name by F. Scott Fitzgerald . The film stars Brad Pitt as a man who ages in reverse and Cate Blanchett as the love interest throughout his life . The film was released in North America on December 25 , 2008 to positive reviews . The film went on to receive thirteen Academy Award nominations , including Best Picture , Best Director for Fincher , Best Actor for Pitt and Best Supporting Actress for Taraji P. Henson , and won three , for Best Art Direction , Best Makeup , and Best Visual Effects .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0ad692cf186f81b789428a3353247610",
"text": "List of Peruvian submissions for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film Peru has submitted films for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film since 1967 , when it became the fourth Western Hemisphere country to enter the Oscar Foreign Film race , after Mexico , Brazil and Argentina . The award is handed out annually by the United States Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences to a feature-length motion picture produced outside the United States that contains primarily non-English dialogue . Prior to 2009 , Peru had entered the competition 15 times , but had never yet been nominated for an Academy Award . For the 2009 ceremony , Golden Bear winner The Milk of Sorrow ( La Teta Asustada ) was chosen to represent Peru and the nation received its first Academy Award nomination for the film . Six of Peru 's submissions were directed by Francisco J. Lombardi while three others were directed by Armando Robles Godoy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "697580c81479770dc6c70a31e36dd7f8",
"text": "B movie A B movie is a low-budget commercial movie , but one that is not an arthouse film . In its original usage , during the Golden Age of Hollywood , the term more precisely identified films intended for distribution as the less-publicized bottom half of a double feature . Although the U.S. production of movies intended as second features largely ceased by the end of the 1950s , the term B movie continues to be used in the broader sense it maintains today . In its post -- Golden Age usage , there is ambiguity on both sides of the definition : on the one hand , the primary interest of many inexpensive exploitation films is prurient ; on the other , many B movies display a high degree of craft and aesthetic ingenuity . In either usage , most B movies represent a particular genre -- the Western was a Golden Age B movie staple , while low-budget science-fiction and horror films became more popular in the 1950s . Early B movies were often part of series in which the star repeatedly played the same character . Almost always shorter than the top-billed films they were paired with , many had running times of 70 minutes or less . The term connoted a general perception that B movies were inferior to the more handsomely budgeted headliners ; individual B films were often ignored by critics . Latter-day B movies still sometimes inspire multiple sequels , but series are less common . As the average running time of top-of-the-line films increased , so did that of B pictures . In its current usage , the term has somewhat contradictory connotations : it may signal an opinion that a certain movie is ( a ) a genre film with minimal artistic ambitions or ( b ) a lively , energetic film uninhibited by the constraints imposed on more expensive projects and unburdened by the conventions of putatively `` serious '' independent film . The term is also now used loosely to refer to some higher-budgeted , mainstream films with exploitation-style content , usually in genres traditionally associated with the B movie . From their beginnings to the present day , B movies have provided opportunities both for those coming up in the profession and others whose careers are waning . Celebrated filmmakers such as Anthony Mann and Jonathan Demme learned their craft in B movies . They are where actors such as John Wayne and Jack Nicholson first became established , and they have provided work for former A movie actors , such as Vincent Price and Karen Black . Some actors , such as Bela Lugosi , Eddie Constantine and Pam Grier , worked in B movies for most of their careers . The term B actor is sometimes used to refer to a performer who finds work primarily or exclusively in B pictures .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "92de842d2de777ad24787d857ad94102",
"text": "Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy The Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture -- Musical or Comedy has been awarded annually since 1952 by the Hollywood Foreign Press Association ( HFPA ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "15de4fea6d1defb9167a6e11108320bb",
"text": "Cinema of India The cinema of India consists of films produced across India . Cinema as a medium has gained immense popularity in the country and as many as 1,600 films in various languages of India are produced annually . Indian films have also come to be followed throughout South Asia , the Greater Middle East , Southeast Asia and other countries . Dadasaheb Phalke is known as the `` father of Indian cinema '' . The Dadasaheb Phalke Award , for lifetime contribution to cinema , was instituted in his honour , by the Government of India in 1969 , and is the most prestigious and coveted award in Indian cinema . In the 20th century , Indian cinema , along with the Hollywood and Chinese film industries , became a global enterprise . As of 2013 , in terms of annual film output , India ranks first , followed by Nollywood , Hollywood and China . In 2012 , India produced 1,602 feature films . The Indian film industry reached overall revenues of $ 1.86 billion ( 93 billion ) in 2011 . This is projected to rise to $ 3 billion ( 200 billion ) in 2016 . In 2015 , India had a total box office gross of , the fourth largest in the world outside North America . Enhanced technology paved the way for upgrading from established cinematic norms of delivering product , altering the manner in which content reached the target audience . Biopics like Dangal and CGI-laden epics like Baahubali emerged as transnational blockbusters grossing over $ 200 million each in early 21st century . Indian cinema found markets in over 90 countries where films from India are screened . The Indian government extended film delegations to foreign countries such as the United States of America and Japan while the country 's Film Producers Guild sent similar missions through Europe . The provision of 100 % foreign direct investment has made the Indian film market attractive for foreign enterprises such as 20th Century Fox , Sony Pictures , Walt Disney Pictures and Warner Bros. . Indian enterprises such as AVM Productions , Prasad 's Group , Sun Pictures , PVP Cinemas , Zee , UTV , Suresh Productions , Eros Films , Ayngaran International , Pyramid Saimira , Aascar Films and Adlabs also participated in producing and distributing films . Tax incentives to multiplexes have aided the multiplex boom in India . By 2003 as many as 30 film production companies had been listed in the National Stock Exchange of India , making the commercial presence of the medium felt . The South Indian film industry defines the four film cultures of South India as a single entity . They are the Telugu , the Tamil , the Malayalam and the Kannada industries . Although developed independently over a long period , gross exchange of film performers and technicians as well as globalisation helped to shape this new identity . The Indian diaspora consists of millions of Indians overseas for which films are made available both through media such as DVDs and by screening of films in their country of residence wherever commercially feasible . These earnings , accounting for some 12 % of the revenue generated by a mainstream film , contribute substantially to the overall revenue of Indian cinema , the net worth of which was found to be 1.3 billion in 2000 . Music in Indian cinema is another substantial revenue generator with the music rights alone accounting for 4 -- 5 % of the net revenues generated by a film in India .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aa6e9c8487342b7db1fdcd2454aa3ebd",
"text": "BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language The BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . The award was first given at the 36th British Academy Film Awards , recognising the films of 1982 , and until 1990 was known as the BAFTA Award for Best Foreign Film . Prior to this , films recorded in a language other than English were often recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best Film , known between 1949 and 1969 as Best Film from any Source . In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "383bd34e66ef3baafab261e30cb49dcc",
"text": "Peter Pitt Peter Pitt is a British film editor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5d72f730fe31620486ff7ac1c8223a01",
"text": "Producers Guild of America Awards 2007 19th PGA Awards 2 February 2008 Best Producer - Motion Picture : No Country for Old Men Best Producer - Animated Feature : Ratatouille The 19th Producers Guild of America Awards was given on 2 February 2008 , honouring the best film and television producers of 2007 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b964a22cec95a2b63a32eb8075611418",
"text": "Producers Guild of America Award The Producers Guild of America Award was originally established in 1990 by the Producers Guild of America as the Golden Laurel Awards , created by PGA Treasurer Joel Freeman with the support of Guild President Leonard Stern , in order to honor the visionaries who produce and execute motion picture and television product . The ceremony has been hosted each year by celebrity host/presenters , including Nick Clooney , Michael Douglas , Robert Guillaume , James Earl Jones , Jack Lemmon , Shirley MacLaine , Garry Marshall , Walter Matthau , Ronald Reagan , Marlo Thomas , Grant Tinker , and Ted Turner , among others .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "752227b3b7a63d61f5f2d679802fae77",
"text": "Golden Boot Awards The Golden Boot Awards is an American acknowledgment of achievement honoring actors , actresses , and crew members who have made significant contributions to the genre of Western television and movies . The award is sponsored and presented by the Motion Picture & Television Fund . Money raised at the award banquet is used to help finance various services offered by the Fund to those in the entertainment industry . Actor Pat Buttram conceived the idea of the Golden Boot Award , and the first ones were presented in 1983 . The awards appear to have been discontinued since 2007 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a0ab95b07216f9cefd824aece117c05e",
"text": "Gary Cooper filmography The filmography of Gary Cooper chronicles the film appearances of American actor Gary Cooper . After starting his career in 1925 as a film extra and stuntman , Cooper made his official cinematic debut in 1926 in the Samuel Goldwyn production The Winning of Barbara Worth . He went on to become a contract player with Paramount Pictures where he established himself as a popular leading man prior to the end of the silent film era . Cooper 's future in the sound era was assured with the release of The Virginian ( 1929 ) , his first all-talkie film . For the next 32 years , he would be one of cinema 's top money-making stars . From 1936 to 1957 , Cooper ranked 18 times among the top ten box office attractions -- a record when he died in 1961 , and later surpassed only by John Wayne , who ranked among the top ten 25 times , Clint Eastwood ( 21 times ) and Tom Cruise ( 20 times ) . Cooper was nominated for the Best Actor Academy Award five times and won twice , for Sergeant York ( 1942 ) and High Noon ( 1952 ) . The latter film boosted his popularity , resulting in him being the number one box office attraction in 1953 . Cooper received a third Academy Award -- an honorary one -- just prior to his death in 1961 . His final film , The Naked Edge , was released shortly after his death . As of February 2008 , more than half of Gary Cooper 's feature films are available on DVD , while others not yet on home video are available for television broadcast . Unfortunately , at least two of his silent films -- Beau Sabreur ( 1928 ) and The Legion of the Condemned ( 1928 ) -- are now considered lost films . Another of his silent films , Wolf Song ( 1929 ) , was originally released as a part talkie , but survives only as a silent film . One of Cooper 's earliest talkies , Paramount on Parade ( 1930 ) , survives incomplete . The prints that are available for television are missing all but one of the film 's Technicolor scenes -- a partial restoration of these scenes was done by the UCLA Film Archives . This filmography contains sections for Cooper 's work as an extra in the earliest part of his film career , his feature film appearances , his occasional appearances in short films , and a section for a compilation film . Due to its length ( 92 films ) , the listing of his feature films is divided in four sections . Cooper 's film roles are listed , as well as the names of each film 's director and co-stars . Cooper 's awards and nominations are also listed . Except where noted , all of his films were shot in 35mm black and white . All films released prior to Lilac Time ( 1928 ) are silent films and all from The Virginian ( 1929 ) onward are sound films . The films made during the silent-to-sound transition are noted as being either silent or sound films . As an addendum , Cooper 's handful of television appearances are also listed .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ce37dbcc323b056860ac87e7f3c05e02",
"text": "Orion Pictures Orion Pictures Corporation is an American motion picture producer and distributor that produced and released films from 1978 until 1999 , and was also involved in television production and syndication throughout the 1980s until the early 1990s . It was formed in 1978 as a joint venture between Warner Bros. and three former top-level executives of United Artists . Although it was never a large motion picture producer , Orion achieved a comparatively high reputation for Hollywood quality . Woody Allen , James Cameron , Jonathan Demme , Oliver Stone , and several other prominent directors worked with Orion during its most successful years from 1978 to 1992 . Of the films distributed by Orion , four won Academy Awards for Best Picture : Amadeus ( 1984 ) , Platoon ( 1986 ) , Dances with Wolves ( 1990 ) , and The Silence of the Lambs ( 1991 ) . Two other Orion films , Hannah and Her Sisters ( 1986 ) and Mississippi Burning ( 1988 ) , were nominated for that same category . In 2013 , Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer revived the Orion name for television ; a year later Orion Pictures was quietly relaunched by the studio .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1445773c08da50707979a85167e4edf4",
"text": "Houston Film Critics Society Awards 2010 The 4th Houston Film Critics Society Awards were presented on December 18 , 2010 . These awards for `` extraordinary accomplishment in film '' are presented annually by the Houston Film Critics Society ( HFCS ) based in Houston , Texas . The organization , founded in 2007 , includes 22 film critics for print , radio , television , and internet publications in the greater Houston area . The awards are co-sponsored by the Houston Film Commission , Southwest Alternate Media Project , Women in Film and Television/Houston , WorldFest , and the Houston Cinema Arts Society . The nominations for the 2010 awards were announced on December 12 , 2010 . Eligible films do not need to have played or opened in a Houston film theater prior to the nomination deadline , merely made available to the HFCS membership at a screening or on DVD . Along with the 13 `` best of '' category awards , this year also saw the introduction of a new category for `` Worst Movies of the Year '' . The Social Network , True Grit , and 127 Hours each received six nominations , all including the Best Picture , Actor , Direction , and Original Score categories . The Social Network was the HFCS 's most awarded film of 2010 taking top honors in the Best Picture , Best Director ( David Fincher ) , Best Actor ( Jesse Eisenberg ) , and Best Screenplay ( Aaron Sorkin ) categories . Inception was the only other film to garner multiple awards , winning both the Best Original Score ( Hans Zimmer ) and Best Cinematography ( Wally Pfister ) prizes . The other acting awards went to Natalie Portman as Best Actress for Black Swan , Hailee Steinfeld as Best Supporting Actress for True Grit , and Christian Bale as Best Supporting Actor for The Fighter . The remaining film honors went to Toy Story 3 as Best Animated Film , Restrepo as Best Documentary , and The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo as Best Foreign Language Film . `` We Are Sex Bob-Omb '' by Beck from Scott Pilgrim vs. the World was named the Best Original Song . The HFCS 's first-ever award for `` Worst Picture '' was given to Jonah Hex starring Josh Brolin . In addition to the category awards , the HFCS presented their annual Lifetime Achievement Award to Sissy Spacek and its Humanitarian Award to George Clooney . Clooney was selected for `` selflessly using his celebrity for greater good '' . The HFCS award for Outstanding Achievement in Cinema awards were presented to Charles Dove , director of the Rice University Media Center , and Hector Luna , the founder and editor of C-47 Houston .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0336a0d807a705d458f857549cddab0a",
"text": "Online Film Critics Society Award for Best Picture The Online Film Critics Society Award for Best Picture is an annual film award given by the Online Film Critics Society to honor the best picture of the year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c3ec9d899eca67259ed9f51856f87b4f",
"text": "Academy Award for Best Animated Feature The Academy Awards are given each year by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS or the Academy ) for the best films and achievements of the previous year . The Academy Award for Best Animated Feature is given each year for animated films . An animated feature is defined by the Academy as a film with a running time of more than 40 minutes in which characters ' performances are created using a frame-by-frame technique , a significant number of the major characters are animated , and animation figures in no less than 75 percent of the running time . The Academy Award for Best Animated Feature was first given for films made in 2001 . Through the 89th Academy Awards , presented in 2017 , Academy Award nominations in this category were made by the Academy 's animation section ; effective with the 2018 awards , all Academy members will be eligible to vote on nominations . The entire AMPAS membership has been eligible to choose the winner since the award 's inception . If there are sixteen or more films submitted for the category , the winner is voted from a shortlist of five films , which has happened six times , otherwise there will only be three films on the shortlist . Additionally , eight eligible animated features must have been theatrically released in Los Angeles County within the calendar year for this category to be activated . Animated films can be nominated for other categories , but have rarely been so ; Beauty and the Beast ( 1991 ) was the first animated film ever nominated for Best Picture . Up ( 2009 ) and Toy Story 3 ( 2010 ) also received Best Picture nominations after the Academy expanded the number of nominees . Waltz with Bashir ( 2008 ) is the only animated film ever nominated for Best Foreign Language Film ( though it did not receive a nomination for Best Animated Feature ) . The Nightmare Before Christmas ( 1993 ) and Kubo and the Two Strings ( 2016 ) are the only two animated films to ever be nominated for Best Visual Effects .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
9bfbab13083cdf724ca6f656c799b073
|
Indiana Jones has been played by River Phoenix.
|
[
{
"docid": "8722a16e8520ad5a051b2f62f781a48c",
"text": "Indiana Jones Henry Walton `` Indiana '' Jones Jr. ( also shortened to Indy ) is a fictional character and the protagonist of the Indiana Jones franchise . George Lucas created the character in homage to the action heroes of 1930s film serials . The character first appeared in the 1981 film Raiders of the Lost Ark , to be followed by Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom in 1984 , Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade in 1989 , The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles from 1992 to 1996 , and Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull in 2008 . The character is also featured in novels , comics , video games , and other media . Jones is also featured in the Disney theme park attraction , Indiana Jones Adventure at Disneyland and Tokyo DisneySea , as well as the Disneyland Paris attraction Indiana Jones et le Temple du Péril . Jones is most famously played by Harrison Ford and has also been portrayed by River Phoenix ( as the young Jones in The Last Crusade ) and in the television series The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles by Corey Carrier , Sean Patrick Flanery , and George Hall . Doug Lee has supplied the voice of Jones for two LucasArts video games , Indiana Jones and the Fate of Atlantis and Indiana Jones and the Infernal Machine , David Esch supplied his voice for Indiana Jones and the Emperor 's Tomb , and John Armstrong for Indiana Jones and the Staff of Kings . The character is distinguished by his appearance ( bullwhip , fedora , satchel and leather jacket ) , sense of humor , deep knowledge of many ancient civilizations and languages , and fear of snakes . Since his first appearance in Raiders of the Lost Ark , Indiana Jones has become one of cinema 's most famous characters . In 2003 , the American Film Institute ranked him the second greatest film hero of all time . He was also named the 6th Greatest Movie Character by Empire magazine . Entertainment Weekly ranked Indy 2nd on their list of The All-Time Coolest Heroes in Pop Culture . Premiere magazine also placed Indy at number 7 on their list of The 100 Greatest Movie Characters of All Time .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "afe08edec9c6f37688374ff5272d5e9a",
"text": "The Revolutionary The Revolutionary is a 1970 political drama film directed by Paul Williams . The screenplay was written by Hans Koning ( credited as Hans Koningsberger ) , based on his novel of the same name . It was the film debut for actor Jeffrey Jones .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "761015fc91bfb1cd2299e77aea75b153",
"text": "Jon Gries Jonathan Francis `` Jon '' Gries ( born June 17 , 1957 ) is an American actor , writer and director . He is also credited under the names Jon Francis and Jonathan Gries . He is best known for his role in Napoleon Dynamite as Uncle Rico , and also more recently as recurring character Roger Linus on Lost . He is also known for his roles in Martin , The Pretender , and Running Scared .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "84e6b81b5022e4a570982c1e24a03460",
"text": "Jonesing",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a0ab95b07216f9cefd824aece117c05e",
"text": "Gary Cooper filmography The filmography of Gary Cooper chronicles the film appearances of American actor Gary Cooper . After starting his career in 1925 as a film extra and stuntman , Cooper made his official cinematic debut in 1926 in the Samuel Goldwyn production The Winning of Barbara Worth . He went on to become a contract player with Paramount Pictures where he established himself as a popular leading man prior to the end of the silent film era . Cooper 's future in the sound era was assured with the release of The Virginian ( 1929 ) , his first all-talkie film . For the next 32 years , he would be one of cinema 's top money-making stars . From 1936 to 1957 , Cooper ranked 18 times among the top ten box office attractions -- a record when he died in 1961 , and later surpassed only by John Wayne , who ranked among the top ten 25 times , Clint Eastwood ( 21 times ) and Tom Cruise ( 20 times ) . Cooper was nominated for the Best Actor Academy Award five times and won twice , for Sergeant York ( 1942 ) and High Noon ( 1952 ) . The latter film boosted his popularity , resulting in him being the number one box office attraction in 1953 . Cooper received a third Academy Award -- an honorary one -- just prior to his death in 1961 . His final film , The Naked Edge , was released shortly after his death . As of February 2008 , more than half of Gary Cooper 's feature films are available on DVD , while others not yet on home video are available for television broadcast . Unfortunately , at least two of his silent films -- Beau Sabreur ( 1928 ) and The Legion of the Condemned ( 1928 ) -- are now considered lost films . Another of his silent films , Wolf Song ( 1929 ) , was originally released as a part talkie , but survives only as a silent film . One of Cooper 's earliest talkies , Paramount on Parade ( 1930 ) , survives incomplete . The prints that are available for television are missing all but one of the film 's Technicolor scenes -- a partial restoration of these scenes was done by the UCLA Film Archives . This filmography contains sections for Cooper 's work as an extra in the earliest part of his film career , his feature film appearances , his occasional appearances in short films , and a section for a compilation film . Due to its length ( 92 films ) , the listing of his feature films is divided in four sections . Cooper 's film roles are listed , as well as the names of each film 's director and co-stars . Cooper 's awards and nominations are also listed . Except where noted , all of his films were shot in 35mm black and white . All films released prior to Lilac Time ( 1928 ) are silent films and all from The Virginian ( 1929 ) onward are sound films . The films made during the silent-to-sound transition are noted as being either silent or sound films . As an addendum , Cooper 's handful of television appearances are also listed .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d02104a40736540e27e3e32e85dc188d",
"text": "The Age of the Medici The Age of the Medici , originally released in Italy as L'età di Cosimo de Medici ( The Age of Cosimo de Medici ) , is a 1973 3-part TV series about the Renaissance in Florence , directed by Roberto Rossellini . The series was shot in English in the hope of securing a North American release , which it failed to achieve , and was later dubbed into Italian and shown on state television . The films are : Cosimo de Medici , The Power of Cosimo and Leon Battista Alberti : Humanism . It is Fred Ward 's debut role . Like several other TV series directed by Rossellini during the 1970s , The Age of the Medici is a form of docudrama , in which historical information is communicated via dramatized conversations between figures from history , and between ordinary people . They are unabashedly `` teaching films . '' As Dave Kehr explains , `` The dialogue is bluntly didactic , with characters telling one another things they would already know entirely for the benefit of the audience ... . Rossellini is n't asking his viewers to identify with his characters or become caught up in their personal dramas ... Instead he creates a detached perspective . '' Each scene plays out in a single long take , with the camera slowly moving and zooming to create different framings of the action , or , as Kehr puts it , `` to close in on details or investigate relationships '' . When the films debuted in New York 's Public Theater in 1973 , New York Times movie critic Vincent Canby noted that while not difficult , the austere style of the films , `` as well as Rossellini 's total lack of concern for what might be called performance , take some getting used to . Yet once you 've grasped the method and the rhythm of the films , they are a ravishingly beautiful experience '' : The actors make few attempts to act . They recite as they walk about magnificent locations , sounding and looking like ferociously gifted dress-extras . The talk has been rather flatly dubbed into English so that it 's not always possible to tell who is speaking.Forget these problems , though . The film is about what is being said and what you can see around and behind these figures . When you connect with The Age of the Medici , it has the effect of reducing every other film you 've seen recently to the status of an ornament .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "75e9b699ba4893e25acc9e2c035ed849",
"text": "Kentucky Jones Kentucky Jones is a half-hour comedy/drama starring Dennis Weaver as Kenneth Yarborough `` K.Y. or Kentucky '' Jones , D.V.M. , a recently widowed former horse trainer and active horse farm owner , who becomes the guardian of Dwight Eisenhower `` Ike '' Wong , a 10-year-old Chinese orphan , played by Ricky Der . Harry Morgan , previously of the CBS sitcoms December Bride and Pete and Gladys , was featured in the series as Seldom Jackson , a former jockey who assists Dr. Jones . Cherylene Lee appears as Annie Ng , Ike 's friend . Arthur Wong portrays Mr. Ng , Annie 's father . Keye Luke ( 1904-1991 ) stars as Mr. Wong , a friend of Dr. Jones . Nancy Rennick ( 1932-2006 ) appears as Miss Throncroft , a social worker . Kentucky Jones , which ran on NBC from September 19 , 1964 , to September 11 , 1965 , was the first of four television series starring Weaver after he left the role of the marshall 's helper Chester Goode on CBS 's western classic Gunsmoke . Richard Bull , who later portrayed the henpecked storekeeper Nels Oleson on NBC 's Little House on the Prairie , appeared twice on Kentucky Jones as Harold Erkel in episodes entitled `` The Victim '' and `` The Return of Wong Lee '' ( also with Malcolm Atterbury ) . Other selected episodes and guest stars include : `` Hello Ike '' , the series premiere , with Diane Brewster and Marlyn Mason as Doris Caine , `` Spare the Rod '' ( Paul Fix as Judge Perkins ) , `` Wildcat Soup '' ( Tyler McVey ) , `` Ike 's Song '' ( Pat Harrington , Jr. ) , `` The Big Shot '' ( Harry Townes ) , `` The Music Kids Make '' ( Philip Abbott and Robby Weaver ( born 1953 ) , Dennis Weaver 's son ) , `` The Big Speech '' ( Charles Lane ) , `` Feminine Intrusion '' ( Spring Byington , of December Bride and Laramie , as Mrs. Jolly , hired by Dr. Jones to cook a meal as payment of a debt ) , `` Most Precious Gold '' ( Strother Martin ; episode focuses on a camping trip ) , and `` Kentucky 's Vacation '' ( Yvonne Craig ) , the series finale . A Buzz Kulik Production in association with NBC , Kentucky Jones was filmed at Desilu Studios in Culver City , California . The series first aired on Saturdays at 8:30 Eastern from September 19 to December 26 . It switched to 7 p.m. on January 2 for the remainder of its run through September 11 , 1965 . Rebroadcasts began on April 17 . In the 8:30 slot , the program faced competition from the first season of the CBS sitcom Gilligan 's Island , with Alan Hale , Jr. , and Bob Denver , and the first half of ABC 's The Lawrence Welk Show . In the move to a half-hour earlier , having swapped time slots with The Famous Adventures of Mr. Magoo , CBS offered The Jackie Gleason Show , and ABC aired the science fiction series , The Outer Limits . In the second time slot , Kentucky Jones followed the NBC adventure series Flipper starring Brian Kelly . After Kentucky Jones , young Der ( born ca. 1954 ) acted only one more time , as Mickey in a 1965 episode `` So Long , Patrick Henry '' of NBC 's I Spy starring Bill Cosby and Robert Culp . In January 1967 , Harry Morgan advanced to Jack Webb 's second version of Dragnet in the role of Officer Bill Gannon , and later , on M * A * S * H as Col. Sherman T. Potter . In September of that year , Weaver starred with child actor Clint Howard in the CBS family drama Gentle Ben .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "144d5e0975cd672df008e41729603e95",
"text": "Zoo (2017 film) Zoo is an upcoming British historical war drama film directed and written by Colin McIvor . The film stars Art Parkinson , Penelope Wilton , Toby Jones , Ian O'Reilly , Ian McElhinney , Amy Huberman , and Damian O'Hare .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3a1dc7c93cdfd15da7e25b7c30f475bf",
"text": "The Vegas Strip War The Vegas Strip Wars ( also called The Las Vegas Strip Wars ) is a 1984 American made-for-television drama film directed by George Englund and starred Rock Hudson ( his final television film ) , Sharon Stone , James Earl Jones and Pat Morita .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e98c9694e0e8c7dbb4e9c1033971f158",
"text": "Raiders of the Lost Ark (disambiguation) Raiders of the Lost Ark is a 1981 adventure film in the Indiana Jones franchise . Raiders of the Lost Ark may also refer to : Raiders of the Lost Ark ( soundtrack ) , the soundtrack to the film Raiders of the Lost Ark ( video game ) , a 1982 video game based on the film Raiders of the Lost Ark : The Adaptation , a 1989 fan film",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "15616aa44f9461f359e576cba1d20a63",
"text": "Arizona (1931 film) Arizona is a 1931 American Pre-Code drama film directed by George B. Seitz and starring Laura La Plante , John Wayne and June Clyde . It is one of several films based on Augustus Thomas 's 1899 play of the same name .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f8f3dd579236615f15cb5715efba2aed",
"text": "Billy Dee Williams William December `` Billy Dee '' Williams Jr. ( born April 6 , 1937 ) is an American actor , artist , singer , and writer . He is best known for his role as Lando Calrissian in the Star Wars film franchise , as well as acting in the movies Brian 's Song , Nighthawks , The Last Angry Man , Carter 's Army , and for playing Harvey Dent in Tim Burton 's Batman ( 1989 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d2e2b340c4a7f84196ad8057e938abc6",
"text": "Indiana (novel) Indiana is a novel about love and marriage written by Amantine Aurore Dupin ; it was the first work she published under her pseudonym George Sand . Published in April 1832 , the novel blends the conventions of romanticism , realism , and idealism . As the novel is set partly in France and partly in the French colony of Réunion , Sand had to base her descriptions of the colony , where she had never been , on the travel writing of her friend Jules Néraud .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eaae1e701c147de343115c1c88cbf2f6",
"text": "Indiana Jones in the Lost Kingdom Indiana Jones in the Lost Kingdom is a puzzle video game developed by Michael J. Hanson and published by Mindscape for the Commodore 64 . The game is based on the Indiana Jones series , and was released in North America around January 1985 , while a U.K. version was released in March 1985 . Gameplay requires the player to think like fictional archaeologist Indiana Jones to solve the puzzles of each level , as the game does not provide the player with any rules or gameplay information ; the game 's cover advertised , `` Nobody told Indiana Jones the rules . And no one will tell you . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad47dc43670072898442977a55502324",
"text": "Character (arts) A character ( sometimes known as a fictional character ) is a person or other being in a narrative work of art ( such as a novel , play , television series , or film ) . The character may be entirely fictional or based on a real-life person , in which case the distinction of a `` fictional '' versus `` real '' character may be made . Derived from the ancient Greek word χαρακτήρ , the English word dates from the Restoration , although it became widely used after its appearance in Tom Jones in 1749 . From this , the sense of `` a part played by an actor '' developed . Character , particularly when enacted by an actor in the theatre or cinema , involves `` the illusion of being a human person . '' In literature , characters guide readers through their stories , helping them to understand plots and ponder themes . Since the end of the 18th century , the phrase `` in character '' has been used to describe an effective impersonation by an actor . Since the 19th century , the art of creating characters , as practiced by actors or writers , has been called characterisation . A character who stands as a representative of a particular class or group of people is known as a type . Types include both stock characters and those that are more fully individualised . The characters in Henrik Ibsen 's Hedda Gabler ( 1891 ) and August Strindberg 's Miss Julie ( 1888 ) , for example , are representative of specific positions in the social relations of class and gender , such that the conflicts between the characters reveal ideological conflicts . The study of a character requires an analysis of its relations with all of the other characters in the work . The individual status of a character is defined through the network of oppositions ( proairetic , pragmatic , linguistic , proxemic ) that it forms with the other characters . The relation between characters and the action of the story shifts historically , often miming shifts in society and its ideas about human individuality , self-determination , and the social order .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "646983da0bd77a6ea1a51693bd125fbc",
"text": "Corey Carrier Corey Thomas Carrier ( born August 20 , 1980 ) is an American former child actor , also known as just `` Core '' . He is best known as playing Indiana Jones , aged 8 -- 10 , in The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles . Carrier was born in Middleborough , Massachusetts to Thomas and Carleen . He has a younger sister named Bethany . He attended an acting school at The Priscilla Beach Children 's Theatre Workshop . His hobbies include baseball , gymnastics , wrestling , fencing , guitar , ice skating and basketball . He attended Clark University in Worcester , Massachusetts as an undergraduate .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4f7f1e540169ded02ede7ab209ae271e",
"text": "Canyon River (film) Canyon River is a 1956 Allied Artists American Western film in CinemaScope and Color by De Luxe directed by Harmon Jones . It stars George Montgomery as the head of a cattle drive .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "091d3d350bd6275d021c06b4d54f1b7c",
"text": "Edgar Whitcomb Edgar Doud Whitcomb ( November 6 , 1917 -- February 4 , 2016 ) was an American politician , who was the 43rd Governor of Indiana . His term as governor began a major rift in the Indiana Republican Party as urban Republicans became more numerous than rural Republicans , leading to a shift in the priorities of the party leadership . Whitcomb found himself opposed by speaker of the house Otis R. Bowen on a number of measures and for control of the party leadership . Despite his opposition , Whitcomb was able to increase tax revenue by 8 % without raising tax rates through improved collection and auditing techniques , created a panel of business leaders to recommend governmental reforms aimed at increasing efficiency that allowed the state to reduce its workforce by 10 % and fought for a number of budgetary saving measures primarily through reducing state employee wages and spending in non essential areas . After leaving office , Whitcomb divorced from his wife of thirty-six years and took up sail boating . He sailed around the Mediterranean Sea , across the Atlantic Ocean in 1990 , and geographically sailed around the world in 1995 , although he was not able to return to his exact starting point , because his ship ran aground on a reef in the Gulf of Suez . After two days of trying to free the ship , he made the decision to abandon it . Returning to Indiana , he moved to a secluded log cabin on the banks of the Ohio River within the Hoosier National Forest near Rome , Indiana .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6609fb5f967f2fdbbf9835daf7d0866e",
"text": "Green River Killer (film) Green River Killer is a 2005 American crime film by Ulli Lommel starring George Kiseleff , Jaquelyn Aurora ( as Jacquelyn Horrell ) , Georgina Donovan , Shannon Leade , Naidra Dawn Thomson , and Shawn G. Smith . It is based upon the crimes of serial killer Gary Ridgway .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a76fc6a24ce2dd48aa2de128f86b826b",
"text": "Davy Jones (Pirates of the Caribbean) Davy Jones is a fictional character in the Pirates of the Caribbean film series , portrayed by Bill Nighy . He appears in the second and third films , Dead Man 's Chest and At World 's End , respectively , and cameos in the series ' fifth installment , Dead Men Tell No Tales . He is the captain of the Flying Dutchman ( based on the ghost ship of the same name ) . The computer-generated imagery used to complete Jones was named by Entertainment Weekly as the tenth favorite computer generated film character in film history , only behind King Kong in 2007 . The work on Davy Jones by Industrial Light and Magic earned them the 2006 Academy Award for Visual Effects for Dead Man 's Chest '' . The character is based on the superstition of Davy Jones ' Locker . In contrast to the historical legends , the film 's Jones is a villain .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2caa443248add80d7ac30f7982ce40c7",
"text": "Wind River (2017 film) Wind River is a 2017 American thriller film directed and written by Taylor Sheridan in his directorial debut . The film stars Jeremy Renner , Elizabeth Olsen , Jon Bernthal and Kelsey Asbille . It premiered at the 2017 Sundance Film Festival . It is scheduled to be released on August 4 , 2017 , by The Weinstein Company .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
be00cc1611499d4a2fcc204c4bdd623c
|
Donald Trump died before the nominees of the 2016 election were chosen.
|
[
{
"docid": "49917ce44be87922384810809323c6dc",
"text": "Donald Trump Donald John Trump ( born June 14 , 1946 ) is the 45th and current President of the United States . Before entering politics , he was a businessman and television personality . Trump was born and raised in Queens , New York City , and earned an economics degree from the Wharton School . He then took charge of The Trump Organization , the real estate and construction firm founded by his paternal grandmother , which he ran for 45 years until 2016 . During his real estate career , Trump built , renovated , and managed numerous office towers , hotels , casinos , and golf courses . Besides real estate , he started several side ventures and has licensed the use of his name for the branding of various products and properties , including Trump Entertainment Resorts , Trump Steaks , and Trump Vodka . He was the founder of Trump University . He owned the Miss USA and Miss Universe pageants from 1996 to 2015 , and he produced and hosted The Apprentice , a reality television series on NBC , from 2004 to 2015 . His net worth was estimated to be $ 3.5 billion , making him the 544th richest person in the world . Trump first publicly expressed interest in running for political office in 1987 . He won two Reform Party presidential primaries in 2000 , but withdrew his candidacy early on . In June 2015 , he launched his campaign for the 2016 presidential election and quickly emerged as the front-runner among seventeen candidates in the Republican primaries . His remaining opponents all suspended their campaigns by the end of May 2016 , and in July he was formally nominated at the Republican National Convention along with Indiana governor Mike Pence as his running mate . Many of his campaign statements were controversial or false , generating much free media coverage . Trump won the general election on November 8 , 2016 , in a surprise victory against Democratic opponent Hillary Clinton and commenced his presidency on January 20 , 2017 . He became the oldest and wealthiest person ever to assume the presidency , the first without prior military or government service , and the fifth to have won the election while losing the popular vote . His political positions have been described by scholars and commentators as populist , protectionist , and nationalist .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "e78fe7e42495b1a244f7c9f9443cfdff",
"text": "Presidency of Donald Trump The presidency of Donald Trump began at noon EST on January 20 , 2017 , the day that Donald Trump was inaugurated as the 45th President of the United States , succeeding Barack Obama . Trump , a Republican , was a businessman from New York City at the time of his victory in the 2016 presidential election over Democrat Hillary Clinton . His running mate , former Governor Mike Pence of Indiana , took office as the 48th Vice President of the United States on the same day . Trump 's term in office is set to end on January 20 , 2021 , though he is eligible for election to a second term and has declared his intention to run . During his first few months in office , , Trump has issued 36 executive orders and 25 presidential memoranda . The executive orders 13769 and 13780 dealing with denying admission to the US of people from several foreign countries have been blocked by federal courts . Trump 's nominee to the Supreme Court , Neil Gorsuch , was confirmed by the United States Senate on April 7 , 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "65c5e76a8a4e9d243f49b747249a050b",
"text": "Wendell Willkie Wendell Lewis Willkie ( born Lewis Wendell Willkie ; February 18 , 1892 -- October 8 , 1944 ) was an American lawyer and corporate executive , and the 1940 Republican nominee for President . Willkie appealed to many convention delegates as the Republican field 's only interventionist : although the U.S. remained neutral prior to Pearl Harbor , he favored greater U.S. involvement in World War II to support Britain and other Allies . His Democratic opponent , incumbent President Franklin D. Roosevelt , won the 1940 election with about 55 % of the popular vote and took the electoral college vote by a wide margin . Willkie was born in Indiana in 1892 ; both his parents were lawyers , and he also became one . He served in World War I but was not sent to France until the final days of the war , and saw no action . Willkie settled in Akron , Ohio , where he was initially employed by Firestone , but left for a law firm , becoming one of the leaders of the Akron bar . Much of his work was representing electric utilities , and in 1929 Willkie accepted a job in New York City as counsel for Commonwealth & Southern Corporation ( C&S ) , a utility holding company . He was rapidly promoted , and became corporate president in 1933 . Roosevelt was sworn in as U.S. president soon after Willkie became head of C&S , and announced plans for a Tennessee Valley Authority ( TVA ) that would supply power in competition with C&S . Between 1933 and 1939 , Willkie fought against the TVA before Congress , in the courts , and before the public . He was ultimately unsuccessful , but sold C&S 's property for a good price , and gained public esteem . A longtime Democratic activist , Willkie changed his party registration to Republican in late 1939 . He did not run in the 1940 presidential primaries , but positioned himself as an acceptable choice for a deadlocked convention . He sought backing from uncommitted delegates , while his supporters -- many youthful -- enthusiastically promoted his candidacy . As German forces under Hitler rampaged through western Europe in 1940 , many Republicans did not wish to nominate an isolationist like Thomas E. Dewey , and turned to Willkie , who was nominated on the sixth ballot over Ohio Senator Robert A. Taft . Willkie 's support for aid to Britain removed it as a major factor in his race against Roosevelt , and Willkie also backed the president on a peacetime draft . Both men took more isolationist positions towards the end of the race . Roosevelt won an unprecedented third term , taking 38 of the 48 states . After the election , Willkie made two wartime foreign trips as Roosevelt 's informal envoy , and as nominal leader of the Republican Party gave the president his full support . This angered many conservatives , especially as Willkie increasingly advocated liberal or internationalist causes . Willkie ran for the Republican nomination in 1944 , but bowed out after a disastrous showing in the Wisconsin primary in April . He and Roosevelt discussed the possibility of forming , after the war , a liberal political party , but Willkie died in October 1944 before the idea could bear fruit . Willkie is remembered for giving Roosevelt vital political assistance in 1940 , which allowed the president to aid Britain in its time of crisis .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b067b0c2a9bdb8b00c11382753669472",
"text": "Great America PAC Great America PAC is a Super PAC that supported Donald Trump in the 2016 Presidential Election . Great America PAC was founded in 2016 by Eric Beach , a political strategist who is a veteran of presidential campaigns . Beach soon brought on Ed Rollins , a long time Republican campaign consultant and strategist who served as the campaign manager for Ronald Reagan 's 1984 presidential campaign .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "45ac83d4580d9234a87847776a809571",
"text": "List of major-party United States presidential candidates who lost their home or resident state The following is a list of major party U.S. presidential candidates who lost their birth or resident states . While many successful candidates have won the presidency without winning their birth state , only four ( James K. Polk , Woodrow Wilson , Richard Nixon and Donald Trump ) have won election despite losing their state of residence . ( Nixon , a lifelong Californian , had taken residence in New York after his failed run for the California governor 's office . )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1d145b6f9fcdb37505bb9ab8d80b2334",
"text": "South Carolina primary The South Carolina primary has become one of several key early-state presidential primaries in the process of the Democratic and Republican Parties choosing their respective general election nominees for President of the United States . Historically , this primary election has been much more important in the Republican Party 's nomination process , considered a firewall that could permanently eliminate any/all serious rivals to the winner . It is meant to force the various factions of the party to decide quickly on and unite behind a single candidate and avoid wasting precious time and resources on a drawn-out battle between their own candidates , that would divert the party 's focus from working to defeat the Democrats ' likely nominee . Since its 1980 inception , the winner of the Republican South Carolina primary has always become the eventual Republican National Convention nominee for that fall 's general election , with one exception , the 2012 primary , in which eventual Republican nominee Mitt Romney finished second , behind winner Newt Gingrich ( who would go on to suspend his campaign before that summer 's convention began ) . South Carolina has cemented its place as the `` First in the South '' primary for both parties . For the Democrats , the 2008 primary took on added significance because it was the first nominating contest in that cycle in which a large percentage ( 55 percent , according to an exit poll ) of primary voters were African Americans . The 2012 South Carolina primary was held on January 21 for Republicans , and on January 28 for Democrats . The 2016 primary was held on February 20 for Republicans , and on February 27 for Democrats .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "84354418b054a8f43fafc70c2f96b11c",
"text": "Barack Obama judicial appointment controversies During President Barack Obama 's terms in office , he nominated 7 people for 27 different federal appellate judgeships and although some nominees were processed by the Republican-controlled Senate Judiciary Committee , many of them stalled on the floor of the Senate . Barack Obama nominated over three hundred individuals for federal judgeships . Of these nominations , Congress confirmed three hundred and seven judgeships , 173 during the 111th & 112th Congresses and 134 during the 113th Congress . With the Death of Antonin Scalia in February of 2016 , in the thick of a Presidential election year , the Republican majority in the Senate made it their stated policy to refuse to consider any nominee put forward by President Obama , arguing that the next president should be the one to appoint Scalia 's replacement . Scalia 's death was only the second death of a serving justice in a span of sixty years Republicans filibustered many nominees , and Senator Grassley commented more nominees could have been confirmed had President Obama respected recess appointment precedent by not making recess appointments while the Senate is in session . Although President Obama had never used a recess appointment to appoint a nominee to the federal bench , he had appointed some executive agency officials in January 2012 . As a response to the continuing blocking of several of President Obama 's nominees , Sen. Harry Reid on November 21 , 2013 invoked the so-called Nuclear option and changed the Senate rules , meaning a simple majority vote will suffice for all nominees except for the Supreme Court .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4aee832419f3f71b0081230cae8d15b6",
"text": "Better for America Better for America ( BFA ) is a 501 ( c ) ( 4 ) non-profit organization that was dedicated to getting nationwide ballot access for an independent candidate for President of the United States in the 2016 election . The effort was inspired by the unpopularity of the two major party nominees , Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton , and was seen as part of the Stop Trump movement . The organization 's initial strategy was to gain ballot access in states that do not require a candidate to be named , and then name its candidate after the major party conventions . The candidate was planned to be named by an advisory board rather than through traditional primary elections , or through a crowdsourcing effort like the failed Americans Elect effort in the 2012 election . On August 8 , 2016 , it was reported that Evan McMullin , an anti-Trump Republican and former Central Intelligence Agency ( CIA ) official , would be Better for America 's nominee . McMullin was officially nominated on August 24 . In July , the organization filed petitions in two states , New Mexico and Arkansas . By early August , Arkansas had accepted the petition , while New Mexico had rejected the petition because it did not have enough valid signatures , although the New Mexico decision was challenged in court . On August 22 , the organization announced that it was ceasing further ballot access efforts . On September 8 , the New Mexico Secretary of State reversed his decision and placed Better For America on the ballot . Notable people involved in the organization include conservative donor John Kingston III and former New Jersey Governor Christine Todd Whitman . Lawrence Lessig and Randy Barnett expressed their support for the organization in a Time opinion piece .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f3127b93b198315b619300de71f092c9",
"text": "Residences of Donald Trump U.S. President Donald Trump currently has seven residences . During his time at the New York Military Academy , he lived on campus ; he later rented row houses in college . In 1971 , Trump moved to a studio on 75th Street in Manhattan . Since the completion of Trump Tower in 1983 , Trump has lived in a three-level penthouse on the top floors . He purchased the Seven Springs mansion in Bedford , New York in 1995 . Upon Trump 's election to the US presidency , he moved into the White House in Washington , D.C. while First Lady Melania and their son will stay at Trump Tower in Manhattan until the end of the school year before moving to the White House as well .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5c9c0af7dfea258c4f699aad68ee4e10",
"text": "List of Hillary Clinton presidential campaign political endorsements, 2016 This is a list of notable individual politicians and political organizations who have publicly indicated support for Hillary Clinton in the 2016 United States presidential election . Public officials serving below the state level and all other individuals and entities are listed only if they have a separate stand-alone article or are otherwise clearly notable . Those who indicated their support after Hillary Clinton 's presumptive nomination on June 11 are denoted with an asterisk .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2fd0ca705bbfdc90c9771bf5bc759a03",
"text": "William Owens (Navy SEAL) William `` Ryan '' Owens ( March 5 , 1980 -- January 29 , 2017 ) was a decorated United States Navy SEAL senior chief petty officer . He died in the Yakla raid in Yemen , and was the first American combatant to die during the presidency of Donald Trump .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "91e39250ee4a4c2e4c94f6ca34e3f9a5",
"text": "Assassination of Robert F. Kennedy On June 5 , 1968 , presidential candidate Robert F. Kennedy was fatally shot at the Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles , shortly after winning the California presidential primaries in the 1968 election , and died the next day while hospitalized . After winning the California and South Dakota primary elections for the Democratic nomination for President of the United States , Kennedy was fatally shot while exiting through the hotel kitchen immediately after leaving the podium in the Ambassador Hotel and died in the Good Samaritan Hospital twenty-six hours later . Sirhan Sirhan , a 24-year-old Palestinian/Jordanian immigrant , was convicted of Kennedy 's murder and sentenced to death in 1969 , although his sentence was commuted to life in prison in 1972 . On November 22 , 2013 , Sirhan was transferred from Corcoran to the Richard J. Donovan Correctional Facility in San Diego County . The shooting was recorded on audio tape by a freelance newspaper reporter , and the aftermath was captured on film . Kennedy 's body lay in repose at St. Patrick 's Cathedral in New York for two days before a funeral Mass was held on June 8 . His body was interred near his brother John at Arlington National Cemetery . His death prompted the protection of presidential candidates by the United States Secret Service . Hubert Humphrey later went on to win the Democratic nomination for the presidency , but ultimately lost the election to Republican Richard Nixon . As with his brother John 's death , Kennedy 's assassination and the circumstances surrounding it have spawned a variety of conspiracy theories . Kennedy and Huey Long ( in 1935 ) are the only two sitting United States Senators to be assassinated .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "25851388c8fe0e4d8b40b14c83dffd99",
"text": "Nuclear option The nuclear option is a parliamentary procedure that allows the United States Senate to override a rule or precedent by a simple majority of 51 votes , instead of by a supermajority of 60 votes . The option is invoked by the presiding officer of the body ruling that the validity of a Senate rule or precedent is a constitutional question . The issue is immediately put to the full Senate , which decides by majority vote . The procedure thus allows the Senate to decide any issue by majority vote , regardless of existing procedural rules , such as current Senate rules specifying that ending a filibuster requires the consent of 60 senators ( out of 100 ) for legislation , and 67 for amending a Senate rule . The term `` nuclear option '' is an analogy to nuclear weapons being the most extreme option in warfare . The nuclear option has only been used in practice twice -- in 2013 and 2017 , however the threat to use it dates back at least to 1917 , in opinions related to reform of the Senate 's filibuster rules . Subsequently , an opinion written by Vice President Richard Nixon in 1957 concluded that the U.S. Constitution grants the presiding officer the authority to override existing Senate rules . The option was used to make further rule changes in 1975 . In November 2013 , Senate Democrats used the nuclear option to eliminate filibusters on executive branch nominations and federal judicial appointments other than those to the Supreme Court . On April 6 , 2017 , Senate Republicans used the nuclear option to eliminate the exception for Supreme Court nominees , after the nomination of Neil Gorsuch failed to meet the requirement of 60 votes for ending the debate . Before November 2013 , Senate rules required a three-fifths vote of the `` duly chosen and sworn '' members of the Senate -- ( usually 60 votes ) to end debate on a bill , nomination or other proposal ; they also require a two-thirds vote ( `` present and voting '' -- 67 or more votes ) to end debate on a change to the Senate rules . Those rules effectively allowed a minority of the Senate to block a bill or nomination through the technique of the filibuster . This had resulted in a de facto requirement that a nomination have the support of 60 Senators to pass , rather than a majority of 51 . A three-fifths vote is still required to end debates on legislation . Before April 2017 , Senate rules required a three-fifths vote to confirm nominations for Supreme Court nominees . Under the new nuclear option proceedings , the majority leader and presiding officer , guided by parliamentary experts , go through a series of choreographed steps in which the leader suggests a change to the rules , the presiding officer challenges him , and then the leader calls a second vote on a rules change , which requires only 51 votes . This effectively ends what had become a 60-vote requirement for confirmation of a Supreme Court nominee or the passage of legislation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3b60623fb141a4432d511b7571872d0b",
"text": "List of Presidents of the United States by age This is a list of presidents of the United States by age . The first table charts the age of each United States president at the time of presidential inauguration ( first inauguration if elected to multiple and consecutive terms ) , upon leaving office , and at the time of death . Each president 's lifespan ( age at death ) is measured in two ways , to allow for the differing number of leap days that each experienced . The first figure is the number of days between the president 's date of birth and date of death , allowing for leap days ; in parentheses , the same period is given in years and days , with the years being the number of whole years that the president lived , and the days being the number of days since the last birthday . Where the president is still living , their lifespan is calculated up to . The second table includes those presidents who had the distinction among their peers of being the oldest living president , and charts both when they became and ceased to be oldest living .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0c6b097090c7e0409243d72566fde5b5",
"text": "Robert F. Kennedy assassination conspiracy theories The conspiracy theories relating to the assassination of Robert F. Kennedy , a United States Senator and brother of assassinated President John F. Kennedy , relate to non-standard accounts of the assassination that took place shortly after midnight on June 5 , 1968 , in Los Angeles , California . Robert F. Kennedy was assassinated during celebrations of his successful campaign in the Californian primary elections while seeking the Democratic nomination for U.S. president . The perpetrator was a 24-year-old Palestinian immigrant named Sirhan Sirhan , who remains incarcerated for the crime . However , as with his brother 's death , Robert Kennedy 's assassination and the circumstances surrounding it have spawned various conspiracy theories , particularly regarding the existence of a supposed second gunman . Such theories have also centered on the alleged presence of a woman wearing a polka dot dress claiming responsibility for the crime and the purported involvement of the Central Intelligence Agency . Many of these theories were examined during an investigation ordered by the United States Senate , and were judged to be erroneous by the Federal Bureau of Investigation , which investigated on the Senate 's behalf .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c9e9ead665bacd4c76460871b5b09248",
"text": "United States presidential election in New York, 1916 The 1916 United States presidential election in New York took place on November 7 , 1916 . All contemporary 48 states were part of the 1916 United States presidential election . New York voters chose forty-five electors to the Electoral College , which selected the President and Vice President . New York was won by the Republican nominee , U.S. Supreme Court Justice Charles Evans Hughes of New York , and his running mate Senator Charles W. Fairbanks of Indiana . Hughes and Fairbanks defeated the Democratic nominees , incumbent Democratic President Woodrow Wilson and Vice President Thomas R. Marshall . The former Governor of New York , Hughes won his home state fairly comfortably , taking 51.53 % of the vote to Wilson 's 44.51 % , a victory margin of 7.02 % . Coming in a distant third was Socialist candidate Allan L. Benson , who took 2.69 % . New York in this era was a Republican state in presidential elections ; however in 1912 , a strong third party run by former Republican President Theodore Roosevelt against the incumbent Republican President William Howard Taft had split the Republican vote , and had enabled Woodrow Wilson as the Democratic candidate to win New York State 's electoral votes in 1912 with a plurality of only 41 % of the vote . With the Republican base re-united behind Charles Evans Hughes in 1916 , New York returned to the Republican column , and delivered a fairly comfortable win to Hughes even as Wilson won re-election nationwide . Hughes ' seven percent margin of victory made New York State a strong ten percent more Republican than the national average in the 1916 election ; despite this , Hamilton and Greene Counties voted for Wilson , yet would never vote Democratic again until 1964 and never do so subsequently .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f0ae24913910553985ddc7ee6fc1753b",
"text": "Democratic Party presidential primaries, 1984 The 1984 Democratic presidential primaries were the selection process by which voters of the Democratic Party chose its nominee for President of the United States in the 1984 U.S. presidential election . Former Vice President Walter Mondale was selected as the nominee through a series of primary elections and caucuses culminating in the 1984 Democratic National Convention held from July 16 to July 19 , 1984 , in San Francisco , California . As of 2017 , this is the earliest Democratic primary in which all primary winners ( of at least one contest ) are still living .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "53c2e445af384baa6345feb74bda367f",
"text": "Humayun Khan (soldier) Humayun Saqib Muazzam Khan ( September 9 , 1976June 8 , 2004 ) was an American soldier . Born in the United Arab Emirates to Pakistani parents , he moved to the U.S. with his family as a young boy . He attended the University of Virginia , where he was a member of the Army Reserve Officers ' Training Corps . Upon graduating in 2000 , Khan was commissioned an officer in the United States Army and was deployed as a captain to Iraq during the Iraq War . In 2004 he was killed in a suicide attack near Baqubah , Iraq , and was posthumously awarded a Purple Heart and Bronze Star . Khan 's name came to national attention during the 2016 presidential campaign as an example of Muslim Americans serving in the military . At the 2016 Democratic National Convention , his father Khizr Khan , standing at the podium with his wife ( and Humayun 's mother ) Ghazala , delivered a speech condemning U.S. presidential candidate Donald Trump 's statements on Muslims .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "334023e806946ea13029bda3fed2a3ae",
"text": "The Selling of the President 1968 The Selling of the President 1968 is a non-fiction book written by American author Joe McGinniss and published by Trident Press in October , 1969 . The book describes the marketing of Richard Nixon during the 1968 presidential campaign . It has been described as `` a classic of political journalism '' and a `` classic of campaign reporting that first introduced many readers to the stage-managed world of political theater . '' It was reprinted in 1988 under the title The Selling of the President . McGinniss became an overnight success when the book , his first , landed on The New York Times bestseller list . He was 26 years old , making him the youngest living writer with that achievement . The book was on the New York Times non-fiction bestseller list for 31 weeks from October 1969 to May 1970 . The idea for the book came to McGinniss almost serendipitously : -LSB- He -RSB- stumbled across his book 's topic while taking a train to New York . A fellow commuter had just landed the Hubert Humphrey account and was boasting that ` in six weeks we 'll have him looking better than Abraham Lincoln . ' McGinniss tried to get access to Humphrey 's campaign first , but they turned him down . So he called up Nixon 's , and they said yes . '' . The book was very well received by both critics and the public . It `` spent more than six months on best-sellers lists , and McGinniss sold a lot of those books through television , appearing on the titular shows of Merv Griffin , David Frost and Dick Cavett , among others . '' Conservative writer William F. Buckley `` assumed McGinniss had relied on ` an elaborate deception which has brought joy and hope to the Nixon-haters . ' But even Buckley liked the book . '' In 1972 , the book was adapted into a short-lived Broadway musical .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3d0c41f55090ea817bdffc5807aa09e8",
"text": "List of Donald Trump presidential campaign primary endorsements, 2016 This is a list of notable individuals and organizations who voiced their endorsement of Donald Trump as the Republican Party 's presidential nominee for the 2016 U.S. presidential election .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "37b337b84e6daf36331cc78a26e4d614",
"text": "United States presidential election, 1836 The United States presidential election of 1836 was the 13th quadrennial presidential election , held from Thursday , November 3 , to Wednesday , December 7 , 1836 . As the third consecutive election victory for the Democratic Party , it ushered incumbent Vice President Martin Van Buren into the White House with 170 electoral votes to 124 electoral votes for William Henry Harrison and other Whigs . The popular vote was closer ; Martin Van Buren attracted 764,000 votes to the 738,000 won by the various Whig candidates . The election of 1836 is principally remembered for three distinctive circumstances : The Whig Party ran four candidates in different parts of the country in hopes that each would be popular enough to defeat Democrat Martin Van Buren in their respective region . The strategy failed , but had three of the four received more electoral votes then Van Buren , it would have been left to the House of Representatives to decide between the competing Whig candidates . Richard Mentor Johnson became the first ( and to date only ) Vice President elected by the United States Senate . Although pledged to Van Buren and Johnson ( his running mate ) , Virginia 's 23 electors refused to vote for Johnson , which left him one electoral vote short of the 148-vote majority required to be elected . As such , it was left to the Senate to decide between the top two vote recipient recipients , Johnson and Francis Granger . Johnson was elected on the first ballot 33 to 16 . This was the last election until the 1988 election ( of George H. W. Bush ) in which the incumbent Vice President was elected to succeed the president under whom he served . The election of 1836 also marked an important turning point in American political history because of the part it played in establishing the Second Party System . In the 1830s the political party structure was still changing , rapidly , the Democratic Party was organized , but factional and personal leaders still played a major role in politics . By the end of the campaign of 1836 , the new party system was almost complete , as nearly every faction had been absorbed by either the Democrats or the Whigs .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
f6b8c6ec8ce2af5975f832d8aa46619d
|
Portia de Rossi wasn't able to play Lindsay Fünke on Arrested Development.
|
[
{
"docid": "21bcbaaeffa00edf048796c6a8efa535",
"text": "Portia de Rossi Portia Lee James DeGeneres ( born Amanda Lee Rogers ; January 31 , 1973 ) , also known professionally as Portia de Rossi ( -LSB- ˈpɔərʃə_də_ˈrɒsi -RSB- ) , is an Australian and American actress , model , and philanthropist . She appeared as a regular cast member on the American political thriller television series Scandal in the role of Elizabeth North from 2014 to 2017 . She is also known for her roles as lawyer Nelle Porter on the American television series Ally McBeal -- for which she won a Screen Actors Guild Award in 1999 -- and as Lindsay Fünke on the American television sitcom Arrested Development . She also portrayed Veronica Palmer on the ABC television sitcom Better Off Ted , and Olivia Lord on the television drama Nip/Tuck . De Rossi is married to comedian and television host Ellen DeGeneres .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "46d4f90010e47c56f237401066f2e980",
"text": "Annabella Sciorra Annabella Gloria Philomena Sciorra ( -LSB- ˈʃoʊrə -RSB- , ; born March 29 , 1960 ) is an Italian-American actress . Her film roles include Cadillac Man ( 1990 ) , Jungle Fever ( 1991 ) , The Hand That Rocks the Cradle ( 1992 ) , Cop Land ( 1997 ) and What Dreams May Come ( 1998 ) . She was nominated for a 2001 Emmy Award for playing Gloria Trillo in The Sopranos ( 2001 -- 04 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "54b34bde860f82c3d3efe616271f2f7a",
"text": "DeGeneres DeGeneres is a surname . Notable people with the surname include : Betty DeGeneres ( born 1930 ) , mother of Ellen DeGeneres and American activist . Ellen DeGeneres ( born 1958 ) , American stand-up comedian , television hostess , and actress . Vance DeGeneres ( born 1954 ) , American actor , older brother of Ellen DeGeneres . Portia de Rossi , or Portia DeGeneres ( born 1973 ) , wife of Ellen DeGeneres and American actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d03006d45a7d4e17ad1170f05453ac53",
"text": "The Puppy Episode `` The Puppy Episode '' is a two-part episode of the situation comedy television series Ellen . The episode details lead character Ellen Morgan 's realization that she is a lesbian and her coming out . It was the 22nd and 23rd episode of the series ' 4th season . The episode was written by series star Ellen DeGeneres with Mark Driscoll , Tracy Newman , Dava Savel and Jonathan Stark and directed by Gil Junger . It originally aired on ABC on April 30 , 1997 . The title was used as a code name for Ellen 's coming out so as to keep the whole episode under wraps . DeGeneres began negotiating with ABC in 1996 to have Morgan come out . When word of the negotiations got out , DeGeneres found herself at the center of intense speculation about when she or her character , or both , would come out . With DeGeneres hinting at her and her character 's coming out both off-screen and within the show , the rumors were confirmed when the episode went into production in March 1997 . Despite threats from advertisers and religious groups , `` The Puppy Episode '' was an enormous ratings success , won multiple awards and became a cultural phenomenon . Nonetheless , DeGeneres and her show quickly garnered criticism for being `` too gay '' ; the series was canceled after one more season and DeGeneres and guest star Laura Dern faced career backlash .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "24856e83158c27cf3b33068e553f6665",
"text": "Kim Greylek Kim Greylek is a fictional character on the NBC crime drama Law & Order : Special Victims Unit , portrayed by Michaela McManus .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ab182677094177a6b0078955640f1438",
"text": "Lyndon Smith Lyndon Smith ( born June 7 , 1989 ) is an American actress . She is known for her roles as Natalie on the NBC drama series Parenthood , and as Dierdre on the TNT police drama series , Public Morals .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5056f849b5fb60dbe4b8b05237eb9d6f",
"text": "Arrested Development (season 1) The first season of the television comedy series Arrested Development aired between November 2 , 2003 and June 6 , 2004 , on Fox in the United States . It consisted of 22 episodes , each running approximately 22 minutes in length . The first season was released on DVD in region 1 on October 19 , 2004 , in region 2 on March 21 , 2005 and in region 4 on February 23 , 2005 . The show 's storyline centers on the Bluth family , a formerly wealthy , habitually dysfunctional family and is presented in a continuous format , incorporating hand-held camera work , narration , archival photos , and historical footage .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a56d3e2b5614b19523b7b86f2c065f49",
"text": "The Trouble with Cali The Trouble with Cali is an American drama film . The film was directed by Paul Sorvino and written by his daughter Amanda Sorvino . It stars Laurence Leboeuf , Glynnis O'Connor , Chris Meyer , Raviv Ullman and RZA . The film will not be released in theaters as a distribution deal was not able to be successfully negotiated spurring contention with Lackawanna County , Pennsylvania , residents as $ 500,000 in tax payer funds was used to finance the film . Subsequently , the Scranton Cultural Center hosted a free premier of the film on July 9 , 2015 , with additional showings on July 10 , 2015 and July 11 , 2015 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "299bad5811cbdb45eda402522eea5e15",
"text": "Dexter (season 1) The first season of Dexter is an adaptation of Jeff Lindsay 's first novel in the Dexter series , Darkly Dreaming Dexter . Subsequent seasons have featured original storylines . This season aired from October 1 , 2006 to December 17 , 2006 , and follows Dexter 's investigation of `` The Ice Truck Killer '' . Introduced in the first episode , `` Dexter '' , this serial killer targets prostitutes and leaves their bodies severed and bloodless . At the same time , Dexter 's foster sister , Debra Morgan ( Jennifer Carpenter ) , a vice squad officer , aspires to work in the homicide department , and Dexter 's girlfriend , Rita Bennett ( Julie Benz ) , wants their relationship to be more intimate . Christian Camargo appears as Rudy Cooper and is a recurring character until the end of the season . The show 's first season received generally favorable reviews from critics ; it was praised as `` bold , different and exciting , with a central character and performance that take your breath away '' by the New York Daily News . The Wall Street Journal saw `` the grotesqueries of Dexter '' as `` not something that can easily be dismissed with the old '' ` you do n't have to watch ' line '' , and concluded that `` We do have to live among the viewers who will be desensitized , or aroused , by this show '' . The aggregate site Metacritic scored the show 's first season at 77 out of 100 based on 27 critics reviews . The season received high ratings for Showtime ; the pilot episode attracted more than a million viewers , giving the channel its highest ratings in nearly two years , while the finale `` Born Free '' drew an audience of 1.1 million viewers in the U.S. On average , the season was watched by two million viewers per episode during its original run when factoring in DVR viewers . Due to the 2007 -- 2008 Writers Guild strike and encouraged by the show 's critical success and high ratings on Showtime , CBS , a national terrestrial broadcast network , announced in December 2007 that it was considering airing an edited version of the first season of Dexter for free-to-air broadcast . It began to broadcast it on February 17 , 2008 , and thus , Dexter became the first program in 20 years to air on a broadcast network after being shown on a premium cable channel . During the show 's rerun on the CBS network in 2008 , the ratings were much higher , reaching 8.2 million viewers during its premiere February , giving the network its best rating in the 10 p.m. timeslot since December the previous year . During its 12-week run , it dropped to 7.1 million in early April , and to 6.6 million during the season 's finale on May 6 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4b1e6871c0440fbebe3d402d37eb0c81",
"text": "De Rossi De Rossi is an Italian surname , and may refer to : Alessandra De Rossi , Philippine actress Assunta De Rossi , Philippine actress Azariah dei Rossi , an Italian-Jewish physician and scholar Bernardo de Rossi , Italian theologian and historian Bernardo de ' Rossi , Italian bishop Daniele De Rossi , Italian footballer Fabrizio De Rossi , a fictional character in the 1997 film Titanic Giovan Antonio de ' Rossi , ( 1616 -- 1695 ) , Italian architect of the Baroque Giovanni Battista de Rossi , 19th-century Italian archaeologist Giovanni Bernardo De Rossi , 19th-century Italian Christian Hebraist Mattia de Rossi , ( 1637 -- 1695 ) , Italian architect of the Baroque Properzia de ' Rossi , Italian Renaissance sculptor Portia de Rossi , Australian actress Saint Giovanni Battista de Rossi , 18th-century Roman priest",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d2c4e54dfc9a420be62c2e3737addd2d",
"text": "Lindsay Hartley Lindsay Nicole Hartley ( née Korman ; born April 17 , 1978 ) is an American actress and singer . She is known for her role as Theresa Lopez-Fitzgerald Crane Winthrop on Passions , Cara Castillo on All My Children and for her role as Arianna Hernandez on Days of Our Lives .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "85500c08d546ac083ca483b10273346a",
"text": "Portlandia (TV series) Portlandia is a sketch comedy television series set and filmed in and around Portland , Oregon , starring Fred Armisen and Carrie Brownstein . The show is produced by Broadway Video Television and IFC Original Productions . It was created by Fred Armisen and Carrie Brownstein , along with Jonathan Krisel , who directs it . It debuted on IFC on January 21 , 2011 . The show shares its title with the sculpture of the same name that sits above the entrance of the Portland Building on Fifth Avenue in downtown Portland , which appears in the show 's title sequence . The show has won a Peabody Award . In January 2017 , the series was renewed for an eighth and final season to debut in 2018 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b4d78ceb190d29baf35da7a7d7146f86",
"text": "Kathleen Noone Kathleen Noone ( born Kathleen O'Meara , January 8 , 1945 ) is an American actress . She began her career as a singer in nightclubs and performed in musicals in off-Broadway stage , before making her television debut in the CBS daytime soap opera , As the World Turns ( 1975 -- 76 ) . From 1977 to 1989 , Noone played Ellen Shepherd Dalton on the ABC daytime soap opera , All My Children . For this role , she won Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series in 1987 . In 1990 , Noone moved to prime time , starring as villainous Claudia Whittaker in the CBS series , Knots Landing ( 1990 -- 1993 ) . She returned to daytime television as Bette Katzenkazrahi on NBC 's Sunset Beach ( 1997 -- 1999 ) , for which she received another Daytime Emmy Award nomination . She also has had the recurring roles on L.A. Law , Party of Five , According to Jim , and Dexter .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "68fb86fb125294b15cb2af8a748a6f8a",
"text": "L.A. Law L.A. Law is an American television legal drama series that ran for eight seasons on NBC , from September 15 , 1986 , to May 19 , 1994 . Created by Steven Bochco and Terry Louise Fisher , it contained many of Bochco 's trademark features including an ensemble cast , large number of parallel storylines , social drama , and off-the-wall humor . It reflected the social and cultural ideologies of the 1980s and early 1990s , and many of the cases featured on the show dealt with hot-topic issues such as capital punishment , abortion , racism , gay rights , homophobia , sexual harassment , AIDS , and domestic violence . The series often also reflected social tensions between the wealthy senior lawyer protagonists and their less well-paid junior staff . In addition to its main cast , L.A. Law was also well known for featuring then relatively unknown actors and actresses in guest starring roles , who later went on to greater success in film and television including : Don Cheadle , Jeffrey Tambor , Kathy Bates , David Schwimmer , Jay O. Sanders , James Avery , Gates McFadden , Bryan Cranston , C.C.H. Pounder , Kevin Spacey , Richard Schiff , Carrie-Anne Moss , William H. Macy , Stephen Root , Christian Slater , and Lucy Liu . Several episodes of the show also included celebrities such as Vanna White , Buddy Hackett and Mamie Van Doren appearing as themselves in cameo roles . The show was popular with audiences and critics , and won 15 Emmy Awards throughout its run , four of which were for Outstanding Drama Series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5b1856f745a398c1556f8075fe93924c",
"text": "L.A. Noire L.A. Noire is a neo-noir detective action-adventure video game developed by Team Bondi and published by Rockstar Games . It was initially released for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 platforms on 17 May 2011 ; a Microsoft Windows port was later released on 8 November 2011 . L.A. Noire is set in Los Angeles in 1947 and challenges the player , controlling a Los Angeles Police Department ( LAPD ) officer , to solve a range of cases across five divisions . Players must investigate crime scenes for clues , follow up leads , and interrogate suspects , and the player 's success at these activities will impact how much of each case 's story is revealed . The game draws heavily from both the plot and aesthetic elements of film noir -- stylistic films made popular in the 1940s and 1950s that share similar visual styles and themes , including crime and moral ambiguity -- along with drawing inspiration from real-life crimes for its in-game cases , based upon what was reported by the Los Angeles media in 1947 . The game uses a distinctive colour palette , but in homage to film noir it includes the option to play the game in black and white . Various plot elements reference the major themes of detective and mobster stories such as The Naked City , Chinatown , The Untouchables , The Black Dahlia , and L.A. Confidential . L.A. Noire is notable for using Depth Analysis 's newly developed technology MotionScan , whereby the actors portraying the game 's characters were recorded by 32 surrounding cameras to capture facial expressions from every angle . The technology is central to the game 's interrogation mechanic , as players must use the suspects ' reactions to questioning to judge whether or not they are lying . L.A. Noire was the first video game to be shown at the Tribeca Film Festival . Upon release , the game received wide acclaim for its advances in storytelling and facial animation technology . As of February 2012 , both PC and console versions had shipped nearly 5 million copies combined .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "93a09fdf79f1258f17b52dbe5dad9251",
"text": "Drea de Matteo Drea de Matteo ( -LSB- dreɪ_də_məˈteɪoʊ -RSB- born January 19 , 1972 ) is an American actress , known for her roles as Angie Bolen on ABC 's Desperate Housewives , Joey Tribbiani 's sister Gina on the NBC sitcom Joey , Wendy Case on FX series Sons of Anarchy , and Adriana La Cerva on the HBO TV series The Sopranos , a role for which she won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series . She currently stars as Det. Tess Nazario in NBC 's Shades of Blue .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "867651cc0bfa7e1b2fd086688fdc4a78",
"text": "Hard Ball `` Hard Ball '' ( also known as `` Negotiation '' ) is the fifteenth episode of NBC 's first season of 30 Rock . It was written by one of the season 's co-producers , Matt Hubbard , and directed by one of the season 's supervising producers , Don Scardino . It aired on February 22 , 2007 in the United States . Guest stars who appeared in the episode were David Alan Basche , Gregg Bello , Katrina Bowden , Kevin Brown , Grizz Chapman , Rachel Dratch , Keith Powell , Lonny Ross and Gregory Wooddell . Tucker Carlson and Chris Matthews also appear as themselves in the episode . The episode focuses on Jenna Maroney ( Jane Krakowski ) trying to clear her name after being misquoted in an interview for Maxim Magazine . Jack Donaghy ( Alec Baldwin ) begins negotiations to Josh Girard 's ( Lonny Ross ) new contract . Kenneth Parcell ( Jack McBrayer ) becomes the newest member of Tracy Jordan 's ( Tracy Morgan ) entourage .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "deeb714696541c51d7e850275fbcad9f",
"text": "Analysis of Cork-Based Networking `` Analysis of Cork-Based Networking '' is the sixth episode of the fifth season of Community , and the 90th episode overall in the series . It originally aired on January 30 , 2014 on NBC ; and is written by Monica Padrick and directed by Tristram Shapeero . It is also the last episode of the season to air before going on hiatus during the 2014 Winter Olympics . The season resumed on February 27 , 2014 . The episode also featured the return of Brie Larson as Rachel , who last appeared in the fourth season episode `` Herstory of Dance . '' In this episode , Annie Edison ( Alison Brie ) and Professor Buzz Hickey ( Jonathan Banks ) confront numerous Greendale heads -- including the head custodian Bob Waite ( Nathan Fillion ) -- while others prepare the cafeteria for the midterm dance . The episode received generally positive reviews , with many praising the show 's use of guest stars ; however , some noted Troy Barnes 's ( Donald Glover ) absence negatively . Upon airing , the episode attained 3.01 million viewers and an 18-49 rating of 1.1 , placing third in its timeslot and tenth for the night in primetime television .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4a54cb9582daf6e0205bc167ae9382b6",
"text": "Madea Goes to Jail (play) Madea Goes to Jail is an American musical play , touring from 2005 to 2006 , created , written , produced , and directed by Tyler Perry . It stars Tyler Perry as Mabel `` Madea '' Simmons , Cassi Davis as Ella , Cherly Pepsi Riley as Wanda , and Judy Peterson as Katie .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9d6fac3356955bc59c42d60c5e0a003a",
"text": "Allie Kingston Allegra `` Allie '' Kingston is a fictional character from the Australian television drama City Homicide , played by Nadia Townsend . She made her first screen appearance in the third season episode `` Meet & Greet '' , which was broadcast on 10 August 2009 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "19e4e9147e7dd16bf218f3c86b3e9a95",
"text": "Portlandia (season 7) The seventh season of the television comedy Portlandia premiered on IFC in the United States on January 5 , 2017 , consisting a total of 10 episodes . The series stars Fred Armisen and Carrie Brownstein .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
53685e7d7f49173f73e7d7eba7f59622
|
Three Men and a Baby stars at least one American actor.
|
[
{
"docid": "ec182c83ed2504e2a7ca1f6b441dae82",
"text": "Ted Danson Edward Bridge `` Ted '' Danson III ( born December 29 , 1947 ) is an American actor , author , and producer well known for his role as lead character Sam Malone on the NBC sitcom Cheers and for his role as Dr. John Becker on the CBS sitcom Becker . He also starred in the CBS dramas CSI : Crime Scene Investigation and CSI : Cyber as D.B. Russell . He also played a recurring role on Larry David 's HBO sitcom Curb Your Enthusiasm , starred alongside Glenn Close in legal drama Damages , and was a regular on the HBO comedy series Bored to Death . In 2015 he starred as Hank Larsson in the second season of FX 's black comedy-crime drama anthology Fargo . Since 2016 , he has played the afterlife `` architect '' Michael in the NBC sitcom The Good Place . In his 40-year career , Danson has been nominated for 15 Primetime Emmy Awards , winning two ; ten Golden Globe Awards nominations , winning three ; one Screen Actors Guild Awards ; and one American Comedy Award and has been awarded a star on Hollywood 's Walk of Fame . He was ranked second in TV Guides list of the top 25 television stars . Danson has also been a longtime activist in ocean conservation . In March 2011 , he published his first book , Oceana : Our Endangered Oceans and What We Can Do to Save Them '' , written with journalist Michael D'Orso .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "85e42d8b1ed7367859e3df1d83f19f92",
"text": "Three Men and a Baby Three Men and a Baby is a 1987 American comedy film directed by Leonard Nimoy , and stars Tom Selleck , Steve Guttenberg , Ted Danson and Nancy Travis . It follows the mishaps and adventures of three bachelors as they attempt to adapt their lives to pseudo-fatherhood with the arrival of the love child of one of them . The script was based on the 1985 French film Trois hommes et un couffin ( Three Men and a Cradle ) . The film was the biggest American box office hit of that year , surpassing Fatal Attraction and eventually grossing US$ 170 million in the US alone . The film won the 1988 People 's Choice Award for Favorite Comedy Motion Picture .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f1a6718025ad55ffc029fb444a7c55b4",
"text": "Steve Guttenberg Steven Robert `` Steve '' Guttenberg ( born August 24 , 1958 ) is an American actor , author , businessman , producer , and director . He starred in 1984 's Police Academy , and went on to perform in lead roles in Hollywood films of the 1980s , including Cocoon , Three Men and a Baby , and Short Circuit .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1b5ecd40b209b8ab6529ab4e56f49a83",
"text": "Nancy Travis Nancy Ann Travis ( born September 21 , 1961 ) is an American actress . She is known for her roles in the films Three Men and a Baby ( 1987 ) and its sequel , Three Men and a Little Lady ( 1990 ) , Air America ( 1990 ) , Internal Affairs ( 1990 ) , So I Married an Axe Murderer ( 1993 ) , Greedy ( 1994 ) , and Fluke ( 1995 ) . She also starred as Vanessa Baxter in the ABC sitcom Last Man Standing ( 2011-17 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c44cec0aaecf9c38fe8bac94b963e32d",
"text": "Tom Selleck Thomas William Selleck ( born January 29 , 1945 ) is an American actor and film producer . He is known for starring as private investigator Thomas Magnum in the television series Magnum , P.I. ( 1980 -- 1988 ) . He also plays Police Chief Jesse Stone in a series of made-for-TV movies based on Robert B. Parker novels . Since 2010 , he has also been a primary cast member as NYPD Commissioner Frank Reagan in the drama Blue Bloods on CBS . Selleck has appeared in more than 50 film and television roles since Magnum , P.I. , including Three Men and a Baby , Quigley Down Under , Mr. Baseball , and Lassiter . Selleck also appeared as Dr. Richard Burke on Friends and as A.J. Cooper on the TV series Las Vegas .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "442e0b5b83655a6d19701a8204f49b5b",
"text": "Tea for Three (film) Tea for Three is a 1927 American comedy silent film directed by Robert Z. Leonard and written by Garrett Graham , F. Hugh Herbert , Roi Cooper Megrue and Lucille Newmark . The film stars Lew Cody , Aileen Pringle , Owen Moore , Phillips Smalley , Dorothy Sebastian and Edward Thomas . The film was released on October 29 , 1927 , by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a3fe6373c864476549e4967da6c464a4",
"text": "Hugh Marlowe Hugh Marlowe ( January 30 , 1911May 2 , 1982 ) was an American film , television , stage and radio actor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6997040b35e58b74735c0087696c225a",
"text": "Charles Bickford Charles Ambrose Bickford ( January 1 , 1891 -- November 9 , 1967 ) was an American actor best known for his strong supporting roles . He was nominated three times for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor , for The Song of Bernadette ( 1943 ) , The Farmer 's Daughter ( 1947 ) , and Johnny Belinda ( 1948 ) . Other notable roles include Whirlpool ( 1948 ) , A Star is Born ( 1954 ) and The Big Country ( 1958 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5715f004ac957adfafdedb5a1fed2210",
"text": "Addison Richards Addison Whittaker Richards , Jr. ( October 20 , 1902 -- March 22 , 1964 ) was an American actor of film and television . Richards appeared in more than three hundred films between 1933 and his death .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bccd84e3ff87bcac766db1361929cc7f",
"text": "Three Faces West Three Faces West is a 1940 American drama film directed by Bernard Vorhaus and starring John Wayne , Sigrid Gurie and Charles Coburn .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d9200800d4b746aea3f7e79d8f33d081",
"text": "Robert Webber Robert L. Webber ( October 14 , 1924 -- May 19 , 1989 ) was an American actor . He appeared in dozens of films and television series , roles that included Juror No. 12 in the classic 1957 film 12 Angry Men .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "696fb6bf6158229cc3598aa553066bca",
"text": "Richard Long (actor) Richard Long ( December 17 , 1927 -- December 21 , 1974 ) was an American actor best known for his leading roles in three ABC television series , including The Big Valley , Nanny and the Professor , and Bourbon Street Beat . He was also a series regular on ABC 's 77 Sunset Strip from 1960 to 1962 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bfceebcc6bb6c0aa0bf19ab8bc767b8b",
"text": "Henry Lehrman Henry Lehrman ( March 30 , 1886 -- November 7 , 1946 ) was an American actor , screenwriter , director and producer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "465bef8042d2112c21339ceb858b0db3",
"text": "Sam Groom Sam Groom ( born June 13 , 1938 in Columbus , Ohio ) is an actor most noted for his numerous roles on television . He portrayed the title role in the Canadian television series Dr. Simon Locke ( 1971 ) , later renamed Police Surgeon . Prior to that , he had played Dr. Russ Matthews in the daytime soap opera Another World ( 1966-1971 ) . He also played Hal Sterling , the father of a castaway family , on a little-known 1980s science fiction television series Otherworld . During the 1980s , Groom also was a spokesperson for American Motors , appearing in many commercials for the popular AMC Concord and AMC Eagle model lineups . He later played Joseph Orsini in the soap opera All My Children in 1993 . Groom made guest appearances in Law & Order , Murder , She Wrote , The Love Boat , Hill Street Blues , Quincy M.E. , Gunsmoke , The Feather and Father Gang , and The Time Tunnel as the inspiring young scientist named Jerry . In 1976 , he appeared both in an episode of Sara and in Territorial Men , a television movie version of the series . His film career included roles in Act One ( 1963 ) , The Baby Maker ( 1970 ) , Time Travelers ( 1976 ) , Run for the Roses ( 1977 ) , Institute for Revenge ( 1979 ) , Hanging by a Thread ( 1979 ) , The Day the Loving Stopped ( 1981 ) , Deadly Eyes ( 1982 ) , and as John F. Kennedy in the television miniseries Blood Feud ( 1983 ) . He has three children from his first marriage to Kathleen Sullivan ( 1962 - 1974 ) , Samuel ( born in 1962 ) , Patrick ( born in 1964 ) , and Christopher ( born in 1966 ) . Groom married actress Suzanne Rogers in 1980 . They divorced in 1982 . He currently teaches acting at HB Studio in New York City .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5e6347e38f28c1b25171c75ff7fedd7b",
"text": "Hal Price Hal Price ( June 24 , 1886 -- April 15 , 1964 ) was an American film actor . He appeared in more than 260 films between 1930 and 1952 . He is the father of late character actress/comedian Lu Leonard . Price was born in Wauseon , Ohio , and died in Los Angeles , California from arteriosclerosis .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6e281237a1da91775b3ccfad50e78ab4",
"text": "Arthur Anderson (actor) Arthur John Miles Anderson ( August 29 , 1922 -- April 9 , 2016 ) was an American actor of radio , film , television , and stage .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b3980241649143e514790d259b298765",
"text": "Fred Aldrich Fred Aldrich ( December 23 , 1904 - January 25 , 1979 ) was an American character actor of both film and television . He would break into the film industry in 1939 , appearing in two films that year in small roles : My Son Is Guilty , and the notable , Confessions of a Nazi Spy , which starred Edward G. Robinson and George Sanders . In the course of his thirty-year career he would appear in over 170 films , in small and bit roles . With the advent of television , Aldrich would work in that medium as well , making his first small screen appearance on I Love Lucy , on which he would appear multiple times over the life of the series . Over the course of his film career he would appear in such notable films as : Kitty Foyle ( 1940 ) , starring Ginger Rogers and Dennis Morgan ; 1945 's The Picture of Dorian Gray , starring George Sanders ; Tycoon ( 1947 ) , starring John Wayne and Laraine Day ; A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur 's Court , with Bing Crosby and Rhonda Fleming ; Young Man with a Horn , starring Kirk Douglas , Lauren Bacall , and Doris Day ; the Spencer Tracy and Katharine Hepburn vehicle , Pat and Mike ( 1952 ) ; again with Paul Newman in 1956 's Somebody Up There Likes Me ; The Last Angry Man , starring Paul Muni ; with Rock Hudson and Doris Day in Lover Come Back ( 1961 ) ; the spy spoof , Our Man Flint ( 1966 ) , starring James Coburn ; and 1967 's A Big Hand for the Little Lady , starring Henry Fonda , Joanne Woodward , and Jason Robards . His television credits include appearances on such shows as The Rifleman , Have Gun - Will Travel , Bat Masterson , The Untouchables , Gunsmoke , Rawhide , and Perry Mason . Aldrich died on January 25 , 1979 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b0a46e46313041d9ad968f6b52398f0e",
"text": "Lukas Haas Lukas Daniel Haas ( born April 16 , 1976 ) is an American actor and musician . His acting career has spanned three decades , during which he has appeared in more than 50 feature films and a number of television shows and stage productions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6b5dff9513bf01faf58e4cffc28d57ad",
"text": "Bill Raymond William Joseph `` Bill '' Raymond ( born September 9 , 1938 ) is an American actor who has appeared in film , television and theatre since the 1960s .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "42fa4c847ee44e583af878e14fdba4f2",
"text": "Whit Bissell Whitner Nutting Bissell ( October 25 , 1909March 5 , 1996 ) , better known as Whit Bissell , was an American character actor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3c6862e99c71aeac35ab06d89d157fd7",
"text": "And Baby Makes Three And Baby Makes Three is a 1949 American romantic comedy directed by Henry Levin and starring Robert Young , Barbara Hale , and Robert Hutton .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3b6e5cab2771353ca1929c6e8d1c0fd3",
"text": "Jay Pickett Jay Pickett ( born February 10 , 1961 ) is an American actor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "571fec985030f40e52a84efba91fdc80",
"text": "Dawn Lyn Dawn Lyn Nervik ( born January 11 , 1963 ) is a retired American actress best known for her role as Dodie Douglas during the last three seasons of the long-running family comedy television series My Three Sons . Her brother , Leif Garrett , is also a former actor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3a0f785dc9d060e4c07901ead9ff42ae",
"text": "Lee Wallace (actor) Lee Wallace ( born July 15 , 1930 ) is an American actor of film , stage , and television .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d43bbbe67d1f2153779bd4361ac0aa0d",
"text": "Michael Landon Jr. Michael Graham Landon Jr. ( born June 20 , 1964 ) is an American actor , director , writer , and producer .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
3ce485dc18ab6c26b479fb7aadf139dd
|
Cindy McCain is a woman.
|
[
{
"docid": "4def5e099945f11d0c03ba766de43c96",
"text": "Cindy McCain Cindy Lou Hensley McCain ( born May 20 , 1954 ) is an American businesswoman , philanthropist , and humanitarian , and the wife of long-time United States Senator and 2008 Republican presidential nominee John McCain of Arizona . She was born and raised in Phoenix , Arizona , as the daughter of wealthy beer distributor Jim Hensley . After receiving bachelor 's and master 's degrees from the University of Southern California , she became a special education teacher . She married John McCain in 1980 and the couple moved to Arizona in 1981 , where her husband would be elected to the United States Congress the following year and has been in office since then . The couple had three children together , in addition to adopting another . From 1988 to 1995 , she founded and operated a nonprofit organization , the American Voluntary Medical Team , which organized trips by medical personnel to disaster-stricken or war-torn third-world areas . During this time , she became addicted to painkillers for several years and resorted to having a physician write illegal prescriptions on her behalf . She reached an agreement with the government in which no charges were filed against her . Upon her father 's death in 2000 , she inherited majority control and became chair of Hensley & Co. , one of the largest Anheuser-Busch beer distributors in the United States . She participated in both of her husband 's presidential campaigns and , in 2008 , drew both positive and negative scrutiny for her appearance , demeanor , wealth , spending habits , and financial obligations . She continues to be an active philanthropist and serves on the boards of Operation Smile , Eastern Congo Initiative , CARE and HALO Trust , frequently making overseas trips in conjunction with their activities . During the 2010s she has become prominent in the fight against human trafficking .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "90935efbe9a58b04019c05ce636b6180",
"text": "UniteWomen.org UniteWomen.org is a national non-partisan 501 ( c ) 3 tax exempt non-profit organization with a mission of ending inequality for women that stems from prejudice and discrimination and to defend and advance the human and civil rights of women and girls . The organization was formed in Michigan in February 2012 . It developed in response to the War on Women , a series of legislative actions in the United States which negatively affect women . The group has organized several marches , including a march in Jackson , Mississippi , to oppose `` 32 bills introduced this session restricting women 's access to health care '' and a nationwide march on April 28 , 2012 that took place in major cities across the United States . The group has been endorsed by American Association of University Women , National Latina Institute for Reproductive Health , the The Coalition of Labor Union Women and The Coffee Party USA . The march in April 2012 was promoted by Barbara Hannah Grufferman Karen Teegarden , President of UniteWomen.org , appeared on The Authentic Woman , along with National Organization for Women President , Terry O'Neill . The two women 's rights leaders were interviewed by radio host , Shannon Fisher , about The State of Women 's Rights in America . The organization was a partner in the Suffrage Centennial Celebration in 2013 , which was a week of events in Washington leading up to a reenactment of the Woman Suffrage Parade of 1913 Other partners in the Suffrage Centennial Celebration were the National Women 's History Museum , Sewall-Belmont House & Museum , the Smithsonian 's National Museum of American History , the Newseum , American Association of University Women , Daughters of the American Revolution , Delta Sigma Theta , the National Archives , the Turning Point Suffragist Memorial , the National Press Club , and The George Washington University Lisner Auditorium . UniteWomen.org 's `` Unite Against Rape '' campaign raised public awareness of the issues of rape , human trafficking and violence against women . An array of legislators , journalists and celebrities participated in the campaign , including U.S. Senators Mark Warner and Tim Kaine ; comedians Roseanne Barr , Margaret Cho , Annabelle Gurwitch and Lois Bromfield ; social justice advocate Sandra Fluke ; Philadelphia Eagles defensive tackle , Ronnie Cameron , musician Courtney Love ; social and political commentators Meghan McCain , Alexandria Goddard ( the Steubenville blogger ) , Leslie Salzillo , Kimberley A. Johnson and Tanya Tatum ; XoJane writers and editors Jane Pratt , Mandy Stadtmiller , Alison Freer , Marci Robin and Julia Allison ; actors Yuri Lowenthal , Pia Glenn and Sharon Gardner ; celebrity artist Tormented Sugar ; writers Herman Williams , III , Pat Bertram , Michele Rolle and Toni Morrison ; executive director of the Military Rape Crisis Center , Panayiota Bertzikis ; and celebrity relationship experts Dr. Gilda Carle and Dr. Sheri Meyers . The campaign was co-founded by UniteWomen.org executive committee members Renee Davis , Karen Teegarden , Shannon Fisher and Sarah Warfield Chamberlin . The team also partnered with Rape , Abuse & Incest National Network for a national RAINN Day campaign to raise awareness of sexual assault on college campuses .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "82053b1d4643f88aad3655c0e1273ea8",
"text": "Citizens United v. FEC Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission 558 U.S. 310 ( 2010 ) is a landmark U.S. constitutional law and corporate law case dealing with the regulation of campaign spending by organizations . The United States Supreme Court held ( 5 -- 4 ) on 21 January 2010 that freedom of speech prohibited the government from restricting independent political expenditures by nonprofit corporations , for-profit corporations , labor unions and other associations . In the case , the conservative non-profit organization Citizens United wanted to air a film critical of Hillary Clinton and to advertise the film during television broadcasts shortly before the 2008 Democratic primary election in which Clinton was running for U.S. President . This would violate a federal statute prohibiting certain electioneering communications near an election . The court found the provisions of the law that prohibited corporations and unions from making such electioneering communications to conflict with the U.S. Constitution . However , the court upheld requirements for public disclosure by sponsors of advertisements . The case did not affect the federal ban on direct contributions from corporations or unions to candidate campaigns or political parties . The decision was highly controversial when announced , and remains the subject of much discussion today .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c3a3be501735f3c28ad777d7304685e4",
"text": "Iowa Chicken The Iowa Chicken was a person in a chicken suit who followed John McCain and Rudy Giuliani around Iowa during the 2008 American presidential race , carrying a sign that read `` You ` Bawk ` ed at the Straw Poll ! '' This was done to both protest and bring attention to the fact that neither candidate competed in the Iowa Straw Poll . In the past , all Republican candidates have competed in the Straw Poll , and McCain and Giuliani 's decisions not to attend represented a break from tradition . The identity of the Iowa Chicken has not been revealed , but he or she follows an American campaign tradition , including such precedents as 2000 's Corn Man .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "16ba34e8133156d4e7373340f2cdf12b",
"text": "Women in the United States Senate There have been 50 total women in the United States Senate since its establishment in 1789 . The first woman senator , Rebecca Felton , served in 1922 ( for a single day ) , but the first woman elected to the Senate was Hattie Caraway in 1932 . Fourteen of the women who have served were appointed ; seven of those were appointed to succeed their deceased husbands . Currently ( as of 2017 ) , the 115th Congress has 21 female senators out of 100 ( 21 % ) , one more than both the 113th and 114th congresses , and an all-time high .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "66f979de939b37a21a563cc5c6bfe3ed",
"text": "O: A Presidential Novel O : A Presidential Novel is a fiction book by an anonymous author ( speculated to be John McCain 's 2008 senior campaign advisor , Mark Salter ) about the 2012 U.S. presidential race . It was released on January 25 , 2011 . The marketing strategy for the book has been compared to the 1996 roman à clef , Primary Colors : A Novel of Politics , which was also initially ascribed to an anonymous author . Its stated objective is to `` offer some resonant truths about what President Obama is really thinking '' . As part of its pre-publication publicity , Simon & Schuster sent an e-mail to numerous writers and journalists asking them to decline to comment if they are asked whether they are the anonymous author . The publisher has said that the author `` has been in the room with Barack Obama '' , prompting speculation on whether he or she is a political reporter , an administration insider , or a Democratic Party strategist . The New York Times remarked , however , that `` much of what passes for inside knowledge in these pages would be known to anyone who 's read a bunch of campaign accounts '' . Shortly after the book was published , Mark Halperin of Time reported that his sources had confirmed the author is McCain aide Mark Salter .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "53723e50cc24efcbdae7c99096563fed",
"text": "Debbie Wasserman Schultz Deborah Wasserman Schultz -LSB- ˈwɑːsərmən_ˈʃʌlts -RSB- ( born September 27 , 1966 ) is an American politician . She is the U.S. Representative for . She is a member of the Democratic Party and was a former chairperson for the Democratic National Committee . Wasserman Schultz previously served in the Florida House of Representatives and the Florida Senate , and was a national campaign co-chair for Hillary Clinton 's unsuccessful 2008 run for president . She is the first Jewish congresswoman elected from Florida . Her district covers parts of Broward and Miami-Dade Counties , including Fort Lauderdale and Miami Beach . Wasserman Schultz was elected chairperson of the Democratic National Committee in May 2011 , replacing Virginia Senator Tim Kaine . On July 24 , 2016 , Wasserman Schultz announced her resignation from her position after Wikileaks released a collection of hacked emails indicating that Wasserman Schultz and other members of the DNC staff showed bias against the presidential campaign of Senator Bernie Sanders in favor of Hillary Clinton 's campaign . Her resignation was finalized on July 28 following the 2016 Democratic National Convention . She was subsequently appointed honorary chair of the Clinton campaign 's `` 50 state program '' . -LSB- 73 -RSB-",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "93882bcbf40c48e32f42886331563562",
"text": "Melissa Etheridge Melissa Lou Etheridge ( born May 29 , 1961 ) is an American singer-songwriter , guitarist , and activist . Her self-titled debut album Melissa Etheridge was released in 1988 and became an underground success . The album peaked at No. 22 on the Billboard 200 , and its lead single , `` Bring Me Some Water '' , garnered Etheridge her first Grammy Award nomination for Best Rock Vocal Performance , Female . In 1993 , Etheridge won her first Grammy award for her single `` Ai n't It Heavy '' from her third album , Never Enough . Later that year , she released what would become her mainstream breakthrough album , Yes I Am . Its tracks `` I 'm the Only One '' and `` Come to My Window '' both reached the top 30 in the United States , and the latter earned Etheridge her second Grammy award . Yes I Am peaked at No. 15 on the Billboard 200 , and spent 138 weeks on the chart , earning a RIAA certification of 6x Platinum , her largest to date . In October 2004 , Etheridge was diagnosed with breast cancer , and underwent surgery and chemotherapy . At the 2005 Grammy Awards , she made a return to the stage and , although bald from chemotherapy , performed a tribute to Janis Joplin with the song `` Piece of My Heart '' . Etheridge 's performance was widely lauded , with India.Arie writing `` I Am Not My Hair '' about Etheridge . Later that year , Etheridge released her first compilation album , Greatest Hits : The Road Less Traveled . The album was a success , peaking at No. 14 on the Billboard 200 , and going Gold almost immediately . Her latest studio album is This Is M.E. . Etheridge is known for her mixture of `` confessional lyrics , pop-based folk-rock , and raspy , smoky vocals . '' She has also been a gay and lesbian activist since her public coming out in January 1993 . She has received fifteen Grammy Award nominations throughout her career , winning two , in 1993 and 1995 , respectively . In 2007 , she won an Academy Award for Best Original Song for `` I Need to Wake Up '' from the film An Inconvenient Truth . In September 2011 , Etheridge received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "967a0f8734a08e7683742fb73ff0469f",
"text": "Cindy Hyde-Smith Cindy Hyde-Smith is the Mississippi Commissioner of Agriculture and Commerce . She took office in January 2012 and is the first woman to hold the position . Prior to serving as Agriculture Commissioner , Hyde-Smith was a member of the Mississippi Senate for three terms , holding the position of Senate Agriculture Committee chair for eight years .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ca51bb1b58914011843201072857a31a",
"text": "United States presidential election in Maine, 2008 The 2008 United States presidential election in Maine took place on November 4 , 2008 throughout all 50 states and D.C. , which was part of the 2008 United States presidential election . Maine is one of two states in the U.S. that instead of all of the state 's 4 electors of the Electoral College to vote based upon the statewide results of the voters , two of the individual electors vote based on their congressional district because Maine has two congressional districts . The other two electors vote based upon the statewide results . See below in the section of Electors for more information . Maine once again displayed it status as a blue state , with Democrat Barack Obama taking the state with 57.71 % of the vote and a difference of 126,650 votes . Maine has voted Democratic since 1992 and is the only state other than Nebraska to split its electoral votes , though it did not do so until 2016 . It is also the only state in New England where a county voted for Republican John McCain , with Piscataquis County giving McCain roughly 50.7 % of the vote .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "57861f5dc598b944f774c601e794e432",
"text": "Transpartisan Transpartisanship represents an emerging school of political thought which accepts the validity of truths across a range of political perspectives and seeks to synthesize them into an inclusive , pragmatic container beyond typical political dualities . It is distinct from bipartisanship , which aims to negotiate between `` right '' and `` left , '' resulting in a dualistic perspective , and nonpartisanship , which tends to avoid political affiliation altogether . Transpartisanship is a movement to support and advance a common ground - or `` new center '' - that already exists in U.S. politics , emerging periodically into public view in the form of `` unusual coalitions '' of progressives and conservatives around issues ranging from war and the military budget to corporate power and the surveillance state . The movement builds on methods of facilitated dialogue , deliberation and conflict resolution . Current examples of transpartisan initiatives include Transpartisan Center , TheSolution.org , Reuniting America , Transpartisan Alliance , and Liberty Coalition . Transpartisanship is an emerging field that advocates pragmatic and effective solutions to social and political problems , transcending and including preexisting political ideologies . Transpartisanship encompasses the idea that all systems are inextricably interconnected , and that successful outcomes can best be reached through inclusive , genuine , and respectful cooperation . Transpartisan democracy , in part , seeks to reintegrate the public 's voice in identifying , debating , and shaping governmental policies , while continuing to protect the sovereignty of the individual . The term `` Transpartisanship '' has emerged to provide a meaningful alternative to `` Bipartisanship , '' and `` Nonpartisanship . '' Bipartisanship limits the dialogue process to two political viewpoints or entities , striving for compromise solutions . Nonpartisanship , on the other hand , tends to deny the existence of differing viewpoints in exchange for cooperation . Both the bipartisan and nonpartisan approaches can discount the multiplicity of viewpoints that exist , which often results in incomplete and therefore unsuccessful outcomes . In contrast to these , transpartisanship recognizes the existence and validity of many points of view , and advocates a constructive dialogue aimed at arriving at creative , integrated , and therefore , breakthrough solutions that meet the needs of all present . Transpartisan gatherings have resulted not only in surprisingly civil conversations noted by mainstream media but also in shifts from traditional ideological stances by some participants . A close relative of transpartisanship is Integral politics . A transpartisan approach to policy would necessarily include individual and collective , as well as subjective and objective , perspective . Furthermore , similar to Integral theory , transpartisanship places politics in a developmental context , viewing democracy and prosperity not as static attainments , but rather emergent properties along a continuum of developmental stages .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8f862db2271d58e90f7535e42abcebf7",
"text": "McCain Foods McCain Foods Limited is a Canadian multi-national privately owned company that was established in 1957 in Florenceville , New Brunswick , Canada . It is one of the world 's largest manufacturer of frozen French fries and other potato specialties . It is also held as one of Canada 's best managed companies with a platinum status recognizing their business performance and efforts throughout their organization .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ab021b0e7b46794230da6ebc16f28090",
"text": "Wells Fargo account fraud scandal The Wells Fargo account fraud scandal is an ongoing controversy brought about by the creation of millions of fraudulent savings and checking accounts on behalf of Wells Fargo clients without their consent . Various regulatory bodies , including the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau fined the company a combined $ 185 million dollars as a result of the illegal activity , and the company faced criminal and civil suits as well . Wells Fargo clients began to notice the fraud after being charged unanticipated fees and receiving unexpected credit or debit cards or lines of credit . Initial reports blamed individual Wells Fargo branch workers and managers for the problem , and sales incentives associated with selling multiple `` solutions '' or financial products . This blame was later shifted to a top-down pressure from higher-level management to open as many accounts as possible through cross-selling . The bank took relatively few risks in the years leading up to the 2008 Financial Crisis , which led to an image of stability on Wall Street and in the financial world , which was tarnished by the widespread fraud perpetrated by the company and subsequent coverage . The controversy resulted in the resignation of CEO John Stumpf , and an investigation into the bank led by U.S. Senator Elizabeth Warren .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ba8bc7561cd21abe37928cbee8755339",
"text": "Betty Kennedy Betty Margaret Hannah Kennedy , ( January 4 , 1926 -- March 20 , 2017 ) was a Canadian broadcaster , journalist , author , and Senator , who is best known for her work on radio and television . Born and raised in Ottawa , Ontario , the daughter of Walter Herbert Styran and Janet Kincaid ( McPhee ) Styran , Kennedy graduated from Lisgar Collegiate Institute , and began her career with the Ottawa Citizen . She became a broadcaster , as a host of a local radio show , during a newspaper strike . She was soon hired away by CFRB in Toronto where she became host of The Betty Kennedy Show in 1959 ; the daily interview and public affairs show remained on the air for 27 years with Kennedy interviewing 25,000 guests ranging from Pierre Trudeau to Debbie Reynolds . In 1962 , she joined the panel of the current affairs quiz show Front Page Challenge on CBC Television , remaining with the show until it went off the air in 1995 . She wrote two books : Gerhard : A love story ( 1975 ) , about her late first husband , and Hurricane Hazel ( 1979 ) . Kennedy also had a vital career as an Executive Producer for television . Her series , Insight with Betty Kennedy , aired on TV Ontario ( OECA ) during the early 1970s . Robert Gardner , who worked with Kennedy as a studio director on the series , said of her : `` She was remarkable . We would tape five half hour interviews live-to-tape in a single day . She would prep each of the sessions with very prominent guests and would flawlessly interview them . Often there was only a space of fifteen minutes between each program . There were no re-takes and not a single chance for error . '' She also executive-produced Leave this Not to Cain ( narrated by Pierre Berton ) , This Vibrant Land , and she hosted An Eye for Eternity ( the international fine arts exhibition at Montreal ) . Kennedy 's first husband , businessman Gerhard Kennedy , died of cancer in 1975 . Her second husband was G. Allan Burton ( 1915 -- 2002 ) , CEO and Chairman of now defunct Simpsons department stores . She was appointed to the Senate by Prime Minister Jean Chrétien on June 20 , 2000 . She retired less than six months later on her 75th birthday . Kennedy resided in Campbellville , Ontario , near Milton , Ontario with Burton . Kennedy died on March 20 , 2017 , aged 91 . Kennedy was named to both the Canadian Broadcast Hall of Fame and the Canadian News Hall of Fame and was made an Officer of the Order of Canada in 1982 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9a402ad8ca126907778e9a327b87029f",
"text": "Straight Talk America Straight Talk America is a political action committee and intercampaign outreach vehicle created by Sen. John McCain . Originally formed during McCain 's 2000 bid for the Republican presidential nomination , it was revived again in 2005 , and then retired in 2007 as he announced his formal bid for the presidency in 2008 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "683119452c21a9f2b808130064f0bb81",
"text": "The Women's Conference The Women 's Conference ( also known as the California Governor & First Lady 's Conference on Women ) is a nonprofit , nonpartisan US organization and annual forum for women . The event first began in 1986 as a California government initiative for working professionals and women business owners . Since 2004 , The Women 's Conference has become a large event at which people such as the Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso , former UK Prime Minister Tony Blair , Oprah Winfrey , Barbara Walters , Jane Fonda , Martha Stewart , Tyra Banks , Sarah , Duchess of York , Tim Russert , Deepak Chopra , Tom Brokaw , Queen Rania of Jordan , Maureen Dowd , Sandra Day O'Connor , Thomas Friedman , Anna Quindlen , and Billie Jean King have spoken . Restructured by Shriver in 2010 , The Women 's Conference reportedly became the `` largest meeting of women in the country '' and a celebration of `` lives and lessons '' . Now known as the California Women 's Conference , its main stage presentations and seminar sessions have addressed personal topics such as work-life balance , service and volunteerism , healthy lifestyles , spirituality and families , professional issues such as professional development , financial planning , entrepreneurialism and communications , as well as social issues like women 's maternal health , global poverty , climate change and emergency preparedness . The event is staged at the Long Beach Convention Center in Long Beach , California , usually in the fall . Every year , substantial portions of the event are made available free through a live streaming webcast at The Women 's Conference 's web site .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a8b6397c9919fcf5153905962b6568e3",
"text": "Dovey Johnson Roundtree Dovey Johnson Roundtree ( born April 17 , 1914 ) is an African-American civil rights activist , ordained minister , and attorney . Her 1955 victory before the Interstate Commerce Commission in the first bus desegregation case to be brought before the ICC resulted in the only explicit repudiation of the `` separate but equal '' doctrine in the field of interstate bus transportation by a court or federal administrative body . That case , Sarah Keys v. Carolina Coach Company ( 64 MCC 769 ( 1955 ) ) , which Dovey Roundtree argued with her law partner and mentor Julius Winfield Robertson , was invoked by Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy during the 1961 Freedom Riders ' campaign in his successful battle to compel the Interstate Commerce Commission to enforce its rulings and end Jim Crow in public transportation . Roundtree was saluted by First Lady Michelle Obama on the occasion of the release of her 2009 autobiography , Justice Older than the Law , which Roundtree co-authored with Washington journalist Katie McCabe and which won the 2009 Letitia Woods Brown Award from the Association of Black Women Historians . In a letter made public at a July 23 , 2009 tribute to Roundtree at the Women in Military Service for America Memorial at Arlington National Cemetery , the First Lady cited Roundtree 's historic contributions to the law , the military and the ministry , and stated : `` It is on the shoulders of people like Dovey Johnson Roundtree that we stand today , and it is with her commitment to our core ideals that we will continue moving toward a better tomorrow . '' A protégé of black activist and educator Mary McLeod Bethune , Roundtree was selected by Bethune for the first class of African-American women to be trained as officers in the newly created Women 's Army Auxiliary Corps ( later the Women 's Army Corps ) during World War II . In 1961 she became one of the first women to receive full ministerial status in the African Methodist Episcopal Church , which had just begun ordaining women at a level beyond mere preachers in 1960 . With her controversial admission to the all-white Women 's Bar of the District of Columbia in 1962 , she broke the color bar for minority women in the Washington legal community . In one of Washington 's most sensational and widely covered murder cases , United States v. Ray Crump , tried in the summer of 1965 on the eve of the Watts riots , Roundtree won acquittal for the black laborer accused of the murder of Georgetown socialite ( and former wife of a CIA officer ) Mary Pinchot Meyer , a woman with romantic ties to President John F. Kennedy . The founding partner of the Washington , D.C. law firm of Roundtree , Knox , Hunter and Parker in 1970 following the death of her first law partner Julius Robertson in 1961 , Roundtree was special consultant for legal affairs to the AME Church , and General Counsel to the National Council of Negro Women . She was the inspiration for actress Cicely Tyson 's depiction of a maverick civil rights lawyer in the television series `` Sweet Justice '' , and the recipient , along with retired Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O'Connor , of the American Bar Association 's 2000 Margaret Brent Women Lawyers of Achievement Award . In 2011 a scholarship fund was created in her name by the Charlotte Chapter of the National Alumnae Association of Spelman College . Roundtree also received the 2011 Torchbearer Award from the Women 's Bar Association of the District of Columbia , the organization which she integrated in 1962 . In March 2013 an affordable senior living facility in the Southeast Washington DC community where she ministered was named `` The Roundtree Residences '' in her honor . She turned 100 in April 2014 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1cc13116943b3012a7897992ace1299e",
"text": "Kelly Ayotte Kelly Ann Ayotte ( -LSB- ˈeɪɒt -RSB- born June 27 , 1968 ) is an American politician who served as a United States Senator from New Hampshire from 2011 to 2017 . A member of the Republican Party , she was the second-youngest of the 20 female senators , and the twelfth-youngest overall . Born and raised in Nashua , New Hampshire , Ayotte is a graduate of Nashua High School , Pennsylvania State University and Villanova University School of Law . She worked as a law clerk for the New Hampshire Supreme Court before entering private practice . She also worked as a prosecutor for the New Hampshire Department of Justice , and briefly served as the legal counsel to New Hampshire Governor Craig Benson , before returning to the Department of Justice to serve as Deputy Attorney General of New Hampshire . In June 2004 , Governor Benson appointed Ayotte as Attorney General of New Hampshire , after the resignation of Peter Heed . She became the first and only woman to serve as New Hampshire 's Attorney General , serving from 2004 to 2009 , after she was twice reappointed by Democratic governor John Lynch . In July 2009 , Ayotte resigned as Attorney General to pursue a bid for the U.S. Senate , after three-term incumbent Judd Gregg announced his retirement from the Senate . In September 2010 , Ayotte won a close victory over lawyer Ovide M. Lamontagne in the Republican primary for the U.S. Senate . She then defeated Democratic congressman Paul Hodes in the general election with 60 % of the vote and was sworn into the U.S. Senate as a member of the 112th Congress on January 3 , 2011 . Ayotte was mentioned as a possible running mate for Republican nominee Mitt Romney in the 2012 presidential election . An August 2013 Newsmax magazine cover story named Ayotte No. 1 among the 25 most influential women in the GOP , calling her `` an emerging force in Congress . '' In 2016 New Hampshire Governor Maggie Hassan defeated Ayotte in her bid for reelection by a very narrow margin of 1,017 votes ( 0.14 % ) . After President Trump nominated Judge Neil Gorsuch to the United States Supreme Court , the administration chose Ayotte to lead the White House team escorting the nominee to meetings and hearings on Capitol Hill .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "83f312976e0c94adb405185bfeb8fc74",
"text": "United States presidential election in Nebraska, 2008 The 2008 United States presidential election in Nebraska took place on November 4 , 2008 as part of the 2008 United States presidential election . Voters chose 5 electors to the Electoral College , who voted for President and Vice President . However , this state is one of the two states of the U.S. that , instead of giving all of its electors to the winner based on its statewide results , just 2 of them vote based on the statewide results , and the others vote based on their individual congressional district results . Nebraska , statewide , was not a swing state in 2008 . Located in the Great Plains of the United States , it is one of the most staunchly Republican states in the country . While some hypothetical general election match-up polls between Republican John McCain and Democrat Barack Obama showed the race to be seemingly close , they were largely regarded as outliers as more polls released showed McCain leading in double digits . McCain wound up carrying the popular vote in Nebraska by 14.93 points , taking in 56.53 % of the total statewide vote . However , Obama narrowly defeated McCain in Nebraska 's 2nd congressional district , which contains Omaha and the surrounding areas . Due to Nebraska 's system of allocating electoral votes to winners of Congressional Districts , Obama was able to win one electoral vote while John McCain received the state 's other four electoral votes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d75b78f3c5ff4bb35fa5400c58246bf4",
"text": "72 Things Younger Than John McCain 72 Things Younger Than John McCain is a book by American blogger Joe Quint . The book lists items from popular culture that were invented after John McCain 's birth in 1936 , including nachos , Social Security , chocolate chip cookies , duct tape and ZIP codes . 72 Things Younger Than John McCain also includes people who are younger than McCain , even though the reader might believe them to be older . Quint used the book to show how the age of a candidate was more relevant to their success as President of the United States than gender or race .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "30b63da94b7772f3dabe03856b08ea0e",
"text": "Cindy Vandor Cindy Vandor ( Cindy Druss ) was born on May 11 , 1955 . After graduating from Northwestern University with a degree in journalism , she went on to Washington , D.C. where she handled production duties for The Today Show , NBC Nightly News , and NBC News Updates . She also reported for NBC 's all-news radio station . There , she attracted the notice of the Independent Television News Association which hired her to cover Capitol Hill , and later , The White House .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
c33dae9be93697ecbbe5ea801e8f8335
|
Silk scarves were the major trade item on the Silk Road.
|
[
{
"docid": "8403a9cc795ac3bafed9595479fb0807",
"text": "Silk Road The Silk Road or Silk Route was an ancient network of trade routes that were for centuries central to cultural interaction originally through regions of Eurasia connecting the East and West and stretching from the Korean peninsula and Japan to the Mediterranean Sea . The Silk Road concept refers to both the terrestrial and the maritime routes connecting Asia and Europe . The overland Steppe route stretching through the Eurasian steppe is considered the ancestor to the Silk Road ( s ) . While the term is of modern coinage , the Silk Road derives its name from the lucrative trade in silk ( and horses ) carried out along its length , beginning during the Han dynasty ( 207 BCE -- 220 CE ) . The Han dynasty expanded Central Asian sections of the trade routes around 114 BCE , largely through missions and explorations of the Chinese imperial envoy , Zhang Qian . The Chinese took great interest in the safety of their trade products and extended the Great Wall of China to ensure the protection of the trade route . Trade on the Silk Road played a significant role in the development of the civilizations of China , the Goguryeo kingdom ( Korea ) , Japan , the Indian subcontinent , Persia , Europe , the Horn of Africa and Arabia , opening long-distance political and economic relations between the civilizations . Though silk was certainly the major trade item exported from China , many other goods were traded , as well as religions , syncretic philosophies , and various technologies . Diseases , most notably plague , also spread along the Silk Routes . In addition to economic trade , the Silk Road was a route for cultural trade among the civilizations along its network . The main traders during antiquity included the Chinese , Arabs , Turkmens , Indians , Persians , Somalis , Greeks , Syrians , Romans , Georgians , Armenians , Bactrians , and ( from the 5th to the 8th century ) the Sogdians . In June 2014 , UNESCO designated the Chang ` an-Tianshan corridor of the Silk Road as a World Heritage Site .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "3b42342e6ba04314d8f9b41570adc887",
"text": "Indian art Indian art consists of a variety of art forms , including plastic arts ( e.g. , pottery sculpture ) , visual arts ( e.g. , paintings ) , and textile arts ( e.g. , woven silk ) . Geographically , it spans the entire Indian subcontinent , including what is now India , Pakistan and Bangladesh . A strong sense of design is characteristic of Indian art and can be observed in its modern and traditional forms . The origin of Indian art can be traced to pre-historic Hominid settlements in the 3rd millennium BC . On its way to modern times , Indian art has had cultural influences ( e.g. , Indus Valley and Hellenistic ) , as well as religious influences such as Hinduism , Buddhism , Jainism and Islam . In spite of this complex mixture of religious traditions , generally the prevailing artistic style at any time and place has been shared by the major religious groups . In historic art , sculpture in stone and metal , mainly religious , has survived the Indian climate better than other media , and provides most of the best remains . Many of the most important ancient finds that are not in carved stone come from surrounding , drier regions rather than India itself . Indian funeral and philosophic traditions exclude grave goods , which are a main source of ancient art in other cultures .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "52b06a21678382c4a797a7cfd3743c38",
"text": "Rise of the Ottoman Empire The foundation and rise of the Ottoman Empire is a period of history that started with the emergence of the Ottoman principality in , and ended with the conquest of Constantinople on May 29 , 1453 . This period witnessed the foundation of a political entity ruled by the Ottoman Dynasty in the northwestern Anatolian region of Bithynia , and its transformation from a small principality on the Byzantine frontier into an empire spanning the Balkans and Anatolia . For this reason , this period in the empire 's history has been described as the Proto-Imperial Era . Throughout most of this period , the Ottomans were merely one of many competing states in the region , and relied upon the support of local warlords and vassals to maintain control over their realm . By the middle of the fifteenth century the Ottoman sultans were able to accumulate enough personal power and authority to establish a centralized imperial state , a process which was brought to fruition by Sultan Mehmed II ( r. 1451-1481 ) . The cause of Ottoman success can not be attributed to any single factor , and they varied throughout the period as the Ottomans continually adapted to changing circumstances . The earlier part of this period , the fourteenth century , is particularly difficult for historians to study due to the scarcity of sources . Not a single written document survives from the reign of Osman I , and very little survives from the rest of the century . The Ottomans , furthermore , did not begin to record their own history until the fifteenth century , more than a hundred years after many of the events they describe . It is thus a great challenge for historians to differentiate between fact and myth in analyzing the stories contained in these later chronicles , so much so that one historian has even declared it impossible , describing the earliest period of Ottoman history as a `` black hole . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "db5de52bbe5faf32f67636dfd0dc1962",
"text": "Ahmad ibn Rustah Ibn Rustah ( in Iran : احمد ابن رسته اصفهانی - Aḥmad ebn Roste Eṣfahānī , also spelled Ibn Rusta , Ibn Ruste ) was a 10th-century Persian explorer and geographer born in Rosta district , Isfahan , Persia . He wrote a geographical compendium known as Book of Precious Records . The information on his home town of Isfahan is especially extensive and valuable . Ibn Rustah states that , while for other lands he had to depend on second-hand reports , often acquired with great difficulty and with no means of checking their veracity , for Isfahan he could use his own experience and observations or statements from others known to be reliable . Thus we have a description of the twenty districts ( rostaqs ) of Isfahan containing details not found in other geographers ' works . Concerning the town itself , we learn that it was perfectly circular in shape , with a circumference of half a farsang , walls defended by a hundred towers , and four gates . His information on the non-Islamic peoples of Europe and Inner Asia makes him a useful source for these obscure regions ( he was even aware of the existence of the British Isles and of the Heptarchy of Anglo-Saxon England ) and for the prehistory of the Turks and other steppe peoples . He travelled to Novgorod with the Rus ' , and compiled books relating his own travels , as well as second-hand knowledge of the Khazars , Magyars , Slavs , Bulgars , and other peoples . He wrote of tenth-century city of the Rus ' : `` As for the Rus , they live on an island ... that takes three days to walk round and is covered with thick undergrowth and forests ; ... They harry the Slavs , using ships to reach them ; they carry them off as slaves and ... sell them . They have no fields but simply live on what they get from the Slav 's lands ... When a son is born , the father will go up to the newborn baby , sword in hand ; throwing it down , he says , ' I shall not leave you with any property : You have only what you can provide with this weapon . ' '' His impression of the Rus ' seems to be very favourable : `` They carry clean clothes and the men adorn themselves with bracelets and gold . They treat their slaves well and also they carry exquisite clothes , because they put great effort in trade . They have many towns . They have a most friendly attitude towards foreigners and strangers who seek refuge . '' This is in contrast to the account of Ibn Fadlan and other Arab authors whose views on hygiene ( based on Islamic teachings on cleanliness and Islamic medical knowledge ) contrasted with that of the Rus ' . However , the word clean initially appeared in the first Russian translation of Ibn Rustah by professor Daniel Chwolson ( who also misspelled his name as Ibn Dasta ( h ) ) . Consecutive Russian editions of Chwolson 's translation include a footnote saying that the Arabic original clearly says the opposite , unclean or impure , and suggesting that Chwolson made such a correction intentionally , out of a remote concern that modern Russians might be offended by such characteristic . Of ancient Croatia he wrote in the chronicle Al-Djarmi : `` Their ruler is crowned ... He dwells in the midst of the Slavs ... He bears the title of ` ruler of rulers ' and is called ` sacred king ' . He is more powerful than the Zupan ( viceroy ) , who is his deputy ... His capital is called Drzvab where is held a fair of three days every month . '' About a certain king of the Caucasus Ibn Rustah wrote : `` He prayed on Fridays with the Muslims , on Saturdays with the Jews , and on Sundays with the Christians . ` Since each religion claims that it is the only true one and that the others are invalid ' , the king explained , ' I have decided to hedge my bets . ' '' He also traveled extensively in Arabia and is one of the early Persian explorers to describe the city of Sana'a . In his Book of Precious Records , he writes : `` It is the city of Yemen -- there not being found in the highland or the Tihama or the Hijaz a city greater , more populous or more prosperous , of more noble origin or more delicious food than it . ... San ' a is a populous city with fine dwellings , some above others , but most of them are decorated with plaster , burned bricks , and dressed stones . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f2e461e47eacde4d44437e32a5d81a97",
"text": "Bristol slave trade Bristol is a city in the South West of England , on the River Avon which flows into the Severn Estuary . Because of Bristol 's position on the River Avon , it has been an important location for marine trade for centuries . The city 's involvement with the slave trade peaked between 1730 and 1745 , when it became the leading slaving port . Bristol used its position on the Avon to trade all types of goods . Bristol 's port was the second largest in England after London . Countries that Bristol traded with included France , Spain , Ireland , Portugal , and North Africa 's Barbary Coast . Bristol 's main export was woollen cloth . Other exports included coal , lead , and animal hides . Imports into Bristol included wine , grain , slate , timber , and olive oil . Trading with the various colonies in the Caribbean and North America began to flourish during the Interregnum of Oliver Cromwell ( 1649 -- 1660 ) . The Royal African Company , a London-based trading company , had control over all trade between countries in Britain and Africa before the year 1698 At this time , only ships owned by the Royal African Company could trade for anything , including slaves . Slaves were increasingly an important commodity at the time , since the British colonization in the Caribbean and the Americas in the 17th century . The Society of Merchant Venturers , an organization of elite merchants in Bristol , wanted to commence participation in the African slave trade , and after much pressure from them and other interested parties in and around Britain , the Royal African Company 's control over the slave trade was broken in 1698 . As soon as the monopoly was broken , what is thought to have been the first `` legitimate '' Bristol slave ship , the Beginning , owned by Stephen Barker , purchased a cargo of enslaved Africans and delivered them to the Caribbean . Some average slave prices were # 20 , # 50 , or # 100 . In her will of 1693 , Jane Bridges , Widow of Leigh Upon Mendip bequeathes her interest of # 130 in this very ship to her grandson Thomas Bridges and indicates that the vessel was owned by the City of Bristol . Business boomed ; however , due to the over-crowding and harsh conditions on the ships , it is estimated that approximately half of each cargo of slaves did not survive the trip across the Atlantic . The triangular trade was a route taken by slave merchants during the years 1697 and 1807 . The areas covered by the triangular trade was England , North West Africa and finally The Caribbean . Profits of 50-100 % were made during the 18th century . Over 500,000 slaves were brought into slavery by these ships , representing one-fifth of the British slave trade during this time .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "18b99b533553c965a88b9fc4e39dd553",
"text": "Grand Tour The Grand Tour was the traditional trip of Europe undertaken by mainly upper class European young men of sufficient means and rank ( or those of more humble origin who could find a sponsor ) , as well as young women if they were also of sufficient means , and accompanied by a chaperone , such as other family members , when they had come of age ( about the age of 21 years old ) . The custom flourished from about 1660 , until the advent of large-scale rail transport in the 1840s , and was associated with a standard itinerary . It served as an educational rite of passage . Though primarily associated with the British nobility and wealthy landed gentry , similar trips were made by wealthy young men of Protestant Northern European nations , and from the second half of the 18th century , by some South and North Americans . The tradition declined with the lapse of neo-classical enthusiasm and after rail and steamship travel made the journeys much easier when Thomas Cook made the `` Cook 's Tour '' of early mass tourism a byword . The New York Times in 2008 described the Grand Tour in this way : The primary value of the Grand Tour , it was believed , lay in the exposure both to the cultural legacy of classical antiquity and the Renaissance , and to the aristocratic and fashionably polite society of the European continent . In addition , it provided the only opportunity to view specific works of art , and possibly the only chance to hear certain music . A Grand Tour could last from several months to several years . It was commonly undertaken in the company of a Cicerone , a knowledgeable guide or tutor . The Grand Tour had more than superficial cultural importance ; as E. P. Thompson stated , `` ruling-class control in the 18th century was located primarily in a cultural hegemony , and only secondarily in an expression of economic or physical ( military ) power . '' The legacy of the Grand Tour lives on to the modern day and is still evident in works of travel and literature . From its aristocratic origins and the permutations of sentimental and romantic travel to the age of tourism and globalization , the Grand Tour still influences the destinations tourists choose and shapes the ideas of culture and sophistication that surround the act of travel . In essence , the Grand Tour was neither a scholar 's pilgrimage nor a religious one , though a pleasurable stay in Venice and a cautious residence in Rome were essential . Catholic Grand Tourists followed the same routes as Protestant Whigs . Since the 17th century , a tour to such places was also considered essential for budding young artists to understand proper painting and sculpture techniques , though the trappings of the Grand Tour -- valets and coachmen , perhaps a cook , certainly a `` bear-leader '' or scholarly guide -- were beyond their reach . The advent of popular guides , such as the Richardsons ' , did much to popularise such trips , and following the artists themselves , the elite considered travel to such centres as necessary rites of passage . For gentlemen , some works of art were essential to demonstrate the breadth and polish they had received from their tour : in Rome , antiquaries like Thomas Jenkins provided access to private collections of antiquities , among which enough proved to be for sale that the English market raised the price of such things , and for coins and medals , which formed more portable souvenirs and a respected gentleman 's guide to ancient history . Pompeo Batoni made a career of painting English milordi posed with graceful ease among Roman antiquities . Many continued on to Naples , where they viewed Herculaneum and Pompeii , but few ventured far into southern Italy or Malta , and fewer still to Greece , still under Turkish rule .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9aa4dbd7e0326b01790b24b306a36b4b",
"text": "Cities along the Silk Road",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "97110922d6e385c1c5fc5a03650b67de",
"text": "Old master print An old master print is a work of art produced by a printing process within the Western tradition . The term remains current in the art trade , and there is no easy alternative in English to distinguish the works of `` fine art '' produced in printmaking from the vast range of decorative , utilitarian and popular prints that grew rapidly alongside the artistic print from the 15th century onwards . Fifteenth-century prints are sufficiently rare that they are classed as old master prints even if they are of crude or merely workmanlike artistic quality . A date of about 1830 is usually taken as marking the end of the period whose prints are covered by this term . The main techniques used , in order of their introduction , are woodcut , engraving , etching , mezzotint and aquatint , although there are others . Different techniques are often combined in a single print . With rare exceptions printed on textiles , such as silk , or on vellum , old master prints are printed on paper . This article is concerned with the artistic , historical and social aspects of the subject ; the article on printmaking summarizes the techniques used in making old master prints , from a modern perspective . Many great European artists , such as Albrecht Dürer , Rembrandt , and Francisco Goya , were dedicated printmakers . In their own day , their international reputations largely came from their prints , which were spread far more widely than their paintings . Influences between artists were also mainly transmitted beyond a single city by prints ( and sometimes drawings ) , for the same reason . Prints therefore are frequently brought up in detailed analyses of individual paintings in art history . Today , thanks to colour photo reproductions , and public galleries , their paintings are much better known , whilst their prints are only rarely exhibited , for conservation reasons . But some museum print rooms allow visitors to see their collection , sometimes only by appointment .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "619a3ee3ebb7317c1f6e7c72352726c2",
"text": "Triangular trade Triangular trade or triangle trade is a historical term indicating trade among three ports or regions . Triangular trade usually evolves when a region has export commodities that are not required in the region from which its major imports come . Triangular trade thus provides a method for rectifying trade imbalances between the above regions . Historically the particular routes were also shaped by the powerful influence of winds and currents during the age of sail . For example , from the main trading nations of Western Europe it was much easier to sail westwards after first going south of 30 N latitude and reaching the so-called `` trade winds '' ; thus arriving in the Caribbean rather than going straight west to the North American mainland . Returning from North America , it is easiest to follow the Gulf Stream in a northeasterly direction using the westerlies . A similar triangle to this , called the volta do mar was already being used by the Portuguese , before Christopher Columbus ' voyage , to sail to the Canary Islands and the Azores . Columbus simply expanded the triangle outwards , and his route became the main way for Europeans to reach , and return from , the Americas .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e18702c3da2f96cfef06e76cff3fc2f2",
"text": "Taffeta Taffeta ( -LSB- ˈtæfᵻtə -RSB- archaically spelled taffety ) is a crisp , smooth , plain woven fabric made from silk or cuprammonium rayons . The word is Persian in origin and means `` twisted woven '' . It is considered to be a `` high-end '' fabric , suitable for use in ball gowns , wedding dresses , and in interior decoration for curtains or wallcoverings . It is also widely used in the manufacture of corsets and corsetry : it yields a more starched-like type of cloth that holds its shape better than many other fabrics . An extremely thin , crisp type of taffeta is called paper taffeta . There are two distinct types of silk taffeta : yarn-dyed and piece-dyed . Piece-dyed taffeta is often used in linings and is quite soft . Yarn-dyed taffeta is much stiffer and is often used in evening dresses . Shot silk taffeta was one of the most sought-after forms of Byzantine silk , and may have been the fabric known as purpura .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3e1d62733b8cead94f98d805dd73552f",
"text": "Tribute A tribute ( from Latin tributum , contribution ) is wealth , often in kind , that a party gives to another as a sign of respect or , as was often the case in historical contexts , of submission or allegiance . Various ancient states exacted tribute from the rulers of land which the state conquered or otherwise threatened to conquer . In case of alliances , lesser parties may pay tribute to more powerful parties as a sign of allegiance and often in order to finance projects that benefited both parties . To be called `` tribute '' a recognition by the payer of political submission to the payee is normally required ; the large sums , essentially protection money , paid by the later Roman and Byzantine Empires to barbarian peoples to prevent them attacking imperial territory , would not usually be termed `` tribute '' as the Empire accepted no inferior political position . Payments by a superior political entity to an inferior one , made for various purposes , are described by terms including `` subsidy '' . The ancient Persian Achaemenid Empire is an example of an ancient ` tribute empire ; one that made relatively few demands on its non-Persian subjects other than the regular payment of tribute , which might be gold , luxury goods , animals , soldiers or slaves . However failure to keep up the payments had dire consequences . The reliefs at Persepolis show processions of figures bearing varied types of tribute . The medieval Mongol rulers of Russia likewise only expected tribute from the Russian states , which continued to govern themselves . Athens received tribute from the other cities of the Delian League . The empires of Assyria , Babylon , Carthage and Rome exacted tribute from their provinces and subject kingdoms . Ancient China received tribute from various states such as Japan , Korea , Vietnam , Cambodia , Borneo , Indonesia , Sri Lanka , Nepal , Myanmar and Central Asia . The Aztec Empire is another example . The Roman republic exacted tribute in the form of payments equivalent to proportional property taxes , for the purpose of waging war . Tribute empires contrast with those like the Roman Empire , which more closely controlled and garrisoned subject territories . A tributary state is one that preserves its political position and such independence as it has only by paying tribute .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d030c407434c046366d50a48d7fc52b5",
"text": "Shroud of Turin The Shroud of Turin or Turin Shroud ( Sindone di Torino , Sacra Sindone -LSB- ˈsaːkra ˈsindone -RSB- or Santa Sindone ) is a length of linen cloth bearing the image of a man who is alleged to be Jesus of Nazareth . The cloth itself is believed by some to be the burial shroud he was wrapped in when he was buried after crucifixion although three radiocarbon dating tests in 1988 dated a sample of the cloth to the Middle Ages . The shroud is kept in the royal chapel of the Cathedral of Saint John the Baptist in Turin , northern Italy . The Catholic Church has neither formally endorsed nor rejected the shroud , but in 1958 Pope Pius XII approved of the image in association with the devotion to the Holy Face of Jesus . Pope John Paul II called the Shroud `` a mirror of the Gospel '' . The origins of the shroud and its images are the subject of intense debate among theologians , historians and researchers . Diverse arguments have been made in scientific and popular publications claiming to prove that the cloth is the authentic burial shroud of Jesus , based on disciplines ranging from chemistry to biology and medical forensics to optical image analysis . In 1988 , a radiocarbon dating test dated a corner piece of the shroud from the Middle Ages , between the years 1260 and 1390 , which is consistent with the shroud 's first known exhibition in France in 1357 . Articles published from 2000 - 2015 have highlighted concerns about this dating , and aspects of the 1988 test continue to be debated in some circles , but meaningful challenges to the dating result have so far been unsuccessful . According to Christopher Ramsey of the Oxford Radiocarbon Accelerator Unit in 2011 , `` there are various hypotheses as to why the dates might not be correct , but none of them stack up . '' The image on the shroud is much clearer in black-and-white negative than in its natural sepia color , and this negative image was first observed in 1898 on the reverse photographic plate of amateur photographer Secondo Pia , who was allowed to photograph it while it was being exhibited . A variety of methods have been proposed for the formation of the image , but the actual method used has not yet been conclusively identified . Despite numerous investigations and tests , the status of the Shroud of Turin remains murky , and the nature of the image and how it was fixed on the cloth remain puzzling . The shroud continues to be both intensely studied and controversial .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7bb11633ffff8e56090060a19add674a",
"text": "History of fashion design The history of fashion design refers to the development of the fashion industry which designs clothing and accessories . The modern industry , based around firms or fashion houses run by individual designers , started in the 19th century with Charles Frederick Worth who was the first designer to have his label sewn into the garments that he created . Couture beginnings . Rose Bertin ( July 2 , 1747 -- September 22 , 1813 ) was the dressmaker named bill to Marie Antoinette , Queen of France , and a high public profile . Sometimes called sarcastically the `` Minister of Fashion '' , she opened a shop in Paris and had a considerable influence on Parisian style , until this was drastically changed by the French Revolution , from which she fled into exile in London for some years . An outsider to the French Court , Marie Antoinette relied on Bertin 's meticulous designs to help her `` to combat her enemies with style '' . -LSB- 1 -RSB- Marie Antoinette 's unique fashion preferences such as masculine riding breeches or simple muslin shift dressed , contrasted sharply with her elaborate gowns as the Queen attempted to create a persona that would allow the citizens of France to connect with her and her lifestyle . Although Marie Antoinette 's attempts were largely unsuccessful , the ways Bertin helped the Queen articulate herself through fashion were groundbreaking and set a precedent for monarchs who followed . -LSB- 2 -RSB- An Englishman living in Paris , Charles Frederick Worth ( 1825 - 1905 ) is usually seen as the first designer in something like the modern sense , with a large business employing many largely anonymous tailors and seamstresses . A former draper , Worth 's success was such that he was able to dictate what they should wear to his customers . Launched into the spotlight as the Empress Eugénie 's primary designer , Worth used his royal connections to gain recognition and clients . The proclamation on February 1 , 1853 by Napolón III that no visitors would be received to his court without formal dress meant that the popularity of Worth-style gowns was overwhelming . Ornately decorated and constructed from the finest materials , Worth 's gowns are well known for their crinolines ( cage-like metal structures that held the dress out in a stylish shape . Throughout the early 20th century , practically all high fashion originated in Paris and to a lesser extent London . Fashion magazines from other countries sent editors to the Paris fashion shows . Department stores sent buyers to the Paris shows , where they purchased garments to copy ( and openly stole the style lines and trim details of others ) . Both made-to-measure salons and ready-to-wear departments featured the latest Paris trends , adapted to the stores ' assumptions about the lifestyles and pocket books of their targeted customers . At this time in history the division between haute couture and ready-to-wear was not sharply defined . The two separate modes of production were still far from being competitors and they often co-existed in houses where the seamstresses moved freely between made-to-measure and ready-made . Around the start of the 20th century fashion magazines began to include photographs and became even more influential . Throughout the world these magazines were greatly sought-after and had a profound effect on public taste . Talented illustrators - among them Paul Iribe , Georges Lepape , Erté , and George Barbier - drew attractive fashion plates for these publications , which covered the most recent developments in fashion and beauty . Perhaps the most famous of these magazines was La Gazette du Bon Ton which was founded in 1912 by Lucien Vogel and regularly published until 1925 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1ef4e4fb047821c12d643dae3f0d6d45",
"text": "Caravan (travellers) A caravan ( from کاروان ) is a group of people traveling together , often on a trade expedition . Caravans were used mainly in desert areas and throughout the Silk Road , where traveling in groups aided in defense against bandits as well as helping to improve economies of scale in trade . In historical times , caravans connecting East Asia and Europe often carried luxurious and lucrative goods , such as silks or jewelry . Caravans could therefore require considerable investment and were a lucrative target for bandits . The profits from a successfully undertaken journey could be enormous , comparable to the later European spice trade . The luxurious goods brought by caravans attracted many rulers along important trade routes to construct caravanserais . Caravanserais were roadside stations which supported the flow of commerce , information , and people across the network of trade routes covering Asia , North Africa , and southeastern Europe , especially along the Silk Road . Caravanserais provided water for human and animal consumption , washing , and ritual ablutions . Sometimes they had elaborate baths . They also kept fodder for animals and had shops for travelers where they could acquire new supplies . In addition , some shops bought goods from the traveling merchants . However , the volume a caravan could transport was limited even by Classical or Medieval standards . For example , a caravan of 500 camels could only transport as much as a third or half of the goods carried by a regular Byzantine merchant sailing ship . Present-day caravans in less-developed areas of the world often still transport important goods through badly passable areas , such as seeds required for agriculture in arid regions . An example are the camel trains traversing the southern edges of the Sahara Desert .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "41f09c1d1792a4bf238bc019f5975638",
"text": "Stone Tower (Ptolemy) Ptolemy , the Greco-Egyptian geographer of Alexandria , wrote about a `` Stone Tower '' ( λίθινος πύργος in Greek , Turris Lapidea in Latin ) which marked the mid-point on the ancient Silk Road -- the network of overland trade routes taken by caravans between Europe and Asia . It was the most important landmark on this route , where caravans stopped on their difficult and dangerous journeys to allow travellers to take on provisions , rest , and trade goods before continuing on . Ptolemy 's famous treatise on cartography , Geography , written around 140 CE , is the only book on this subject to have survived from classical antiquity , and has had a profound influence right through the ages . In it , he set the coordinates of the Stone Tower at longitude135 and latitude 43 degrees north on his gradation system , but its actual location has been vigorously debated by researchers and historians over the centuries . This is because the information that he , and other scholars from his era , left behind is simply not precise enough ( despite his coordinates ) , due to the rudimentary methods caravans employed while route surveying distant lands from which ancient cartographers drew their maps . If the Stone Tower could be pin-pointed then not only would this be of great significance in the study of ancient geography , but it would allow other important landmarks in this region , similarly ( and imprecisely ) detailed by Ptolemy , to be more closely located also . A brief survey of literature reveals the long-standing disagreements by geographers and historians to locate the Stone Tower : As far back as the 11th century Al-Biruni suggested it was the city of Tashkent ( which means `` castle of stone '' ) . In the 19th century , Hagar too maintained it was Tashkent , partly based on the striking coincidence of the city being on the same latitude of 43 degrees north ; while d'Anville identified it with the fortress of Aatas , 7 degrees northwest of Kashgar ; and Bell argued it was near the Pass of Chiltung in the Pamirs . Yule located it nearby at Daraut-Kurgan , while Bevan & Smith thought the Stone Tower was probably the same as the `` Hormeterium '' ( or `` merchants ' station '' which Ptolemy also writes about ) and located it near the Sulaiman-Too mountain in Osh . Bunbury thought the information given was too vague to precisely determine its location . In the 20th century , Hackin travelled there and thought it was at Tashkurgan , while Hermann placed it in the vicinity of Daraut-Kurgan . Stein , who perhaps most extensively travelled this region , suggested the valley of Karategin was the area Ptolemy referred to `` when the traveller ascended the ravine '' and so proposed a site near Daraut-Kurgan , and Thomson agrees it should be nearby . From the turn of this century , Rapin ( 2001 ) has suggested it is Sulaiman-Too ; while Bernard ( 2005 ) , by carefully tracing the route taken by the caravan of Maes Titianos , locates the Stone Tower near Daraut-Kurgan ; and P'iankov ( 2014 ) , after also considering information drawn from contemporary sailors , agrees with him . Tupikova et al ( 2014 ) , following `` the application of spherical trigonometry for the recalculation of Ptolemy 's coordinates '' , concluded that it `` can with great probability be identified as Tashkurgan '' . Dean ( 2015 ) also uses a new methodology , by proposing a set of three criteria to help locate this landmark , and identifies it as Sulaiman-Too . All in all , there are four sites that are most often identified as the likely location of the Stone Tower : ( i ) the city of Tashkent , in Uzbekistan ; ( ii ) the Sulaiman-Too mountain in Osh , Kyrgyzstan ; ( iii ) the town of Daraut-Kurgan in south-western Kyrgyzstan ; and ( iv ) the town of Tashkurgan , in Xinjiang , China . However , some historians also consider the Hormeterium , located nearby in the mountains close to the crossover point with China , to be one and the same as the Stone Tower ; and believe this landmark to be the settlement of Irkeshtam . All four sites mentioned above , as well as Irkeshtam , can be seen on the Map of Silk Roads over the Roof of Asia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "50f3db336a2dabbc05483d1742818c24",
"text": "History of Afghanistan The written history of Afghanistan , ( تاریخ افغانستان د افغانستان تاريخ can be traced back to around 500 BCE when the area was under the Achaemenid Empire , although evidence indicates that an advanced degree of urbanized culture has existed in the land since between 3000 and 2000 BCE . The Indus Valley Civilisation stretched up to large parts of Afghanistan in the north , with several sites being known . Alexander the Great and his Macedonian army arrived at what is now Afghanistan in 330 BCE after conquering Persia during the Battle of Gaugamela . Since then , many empires have established capitals inside Afghanistan , including the Greco-Bactrians , Mauryas , Kushans , Hindu Shahi , Saffarids , Samanids , Ghaznavids , Ghurids , Timurids , Mughals , Hotakis and Durranis . Afghanistan ( meaning `` land of the Afghans '' ) has been a strategically important location throughout history . The land served as `` a gateway to India , impinging on the ancient Silk Road , which carried trade from the Mediterranean to China '' . Sitting on many trade and migration routes , Afghanistan may be called the ` Central Asian roundabout ' since routes converge from the Middle East , from the Indus Valley through the passes over the Hindu Kush , from the Far East via the Tarim Basin , and from the adjacent Eurasian Steppe . The archaeological manifestation of the Indo-Iranians ( Aryans ) before their split into separate language groups is generally seen as the Andronovo culture to the north of present-day Afghanistan . The Iranian languages were developed by one branch of these people ; the Pashto language spoken today in Afghanistan is one of the Eastern Iranian languages . Elena E. Kuz ` mina argues that the tents of Iranian-speaking nomads of Afghanistan developed from the light surface houses of the Eurasian steppe belt in the Bronze Age . The Arab invasions influenced the culture of Afghanistan , and its pre-Islamic period of Zoroastrian , Macedonian , Buddhist and Hindu past has long vanished . Turkic empire-builders such as the Ghaznavids and Timurids made the region now called Afghanistan of major importance . Mirwais Hotak followed by Ahmad Shah Durrani unified Afghan tribes and founded the last Afghan Empire in the early 18th century CE . Afghanistan 's sovereignty has been held during the Anglo-Afghan Wars , the 1980s Soviet war , and the 2001-present war by the country 's many and diverse people : the Pashtuns , Tajiks , Hazaras , Uzbeks , Turkmen , Aimak , Baloch and others . The Pashtuns form the largest group , claiming to be descendants of ancient Israelites or Qais Abdur Rashid but scholars believe that they are a confederation of various peoples from the past who united under Pashtunwali .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f39ef714863736780ba662cf99f22393",
"text": "Pomor trade Pomor trade ( from -LSB- помо́рье , r = pomorje , p =p ɐˈmorʲjɪ -RSB- po `` by '' and more `` ocean '' ; `` area by the ocean '' , the same word is the basis for Pomerania ) , is the trade carried out between the Pomors of Northwest Russia and the people along the coast of Northern Norway , as far south as Bodø . The trade went on from 1740 until the Russian revolution in 1917 . The pomor trade began as a barter trade between people in the area , trading grain products from Russia with fish from North Norway as the main trade . With time it developed into a regular trade against money : in fact the ruble was used as currency in several places in North Norway . The pomor trade was of major importance both to Russians and Norwegians . The trade was carried out by Russian pomors from the White Sea area and the Kola peninsula who came sailing to settlements and places of trade along the coast of North Norway . The pomors were skilled traders and sailors , and they did also explore the areas around the White sea . In addition to their trade westwards , they established a trade route east across the Ural mountains to North Siberia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c572937fcd0f46ccad4a0b0eee584f48",
"text": "Silk Road sites in India Silk Road sites in India are sites that were important for trade on the ancient Silk Road . There are 12 such places in India . These are spread across seven states in India ( Bihar , Jammu and Kashmir , Maharashtra , Puducherry , Punjab , Tamil Nadu and Uttar Pradesh . These sites are on tentative list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "75d33ae0caa478c2c2ffcb31cdcc9689",
"text": "Clothing in ancient Rome Clothing in ancient Rome generally comprised a short-sleeved or sleeveless , knee-length tunic for men and boys , and a longer , usually sleeved tunic for women and girls . On formal occasions , adult male citizens could wear a woolen toga , draped over their tunic , and married citizen women wore a woolen mantle , known as a palla , over a stola , a simple , long-sleeved , voluminous garment that hung to midstep . Clothing , footwear and accoutrements identified gender , status , rank and social class , and thus offered a means of social control . This was probably most apparent in the segregation of seating tiers at public theatres , games and festivals . Magistrates , priesthoods and the military had their own distinctive and privileged forms of dress . The toga was considered Rome 's `` national costume '' but for day-to-day activities , most Romans preferred more casual , practical and comfortable clothing ; in various forms , the tunic was the basic garment for all classes , both sexes and most occupations . It was usually made of linen , and was augmented as necessary with underwear , or with various kinds of cold-or-wet weather wear , such as knee-breeches for men , and cloaks , coats and hats . In colder parts of the empire , full length trousers were worn . Most urban Romans wore shoes , slippers , boots or sandals of various types ; in the countryside , some wore clogs . Most clothing was simple in structure and basic form , and its production required minimal cutting and tailoring , but all was produced by hand ; every stage of the process required skill , knowledge and time . Spinning and weaving were thought virtuous , frugal occupations for Roman women of all classes . Wealthy matrons , including Augustus ' wife , Livia might show their traditionalist values by producing home-spun clothing , but most men and women who could afford it bought their clothing from specialist artisans . Relative to the overall basic cost of living , even simple clothing was expensive , and was recycled many times down the social scale . Rome 's governing elite produced laws designed to limit public displays of personal wealth and luxury . None were particularly successful ; the same wealthy elite had an appetite for luxurious clothing . Exotic fabrics were available , at a price ; silk damasks , translucent gauzes , cloth of gold , and intricate embroideries ; and vivid , expensive dyes such as saffron yellow or Tyrian purple . Not all dyes were costly , however , and most Romans wore colourful clothing . Clean , bright clothing was a mark of respectability and status among all social classes . The fastenings and brooches used to secure garments such as cloaks provided further opportunities for personal embellishment and display .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c7c7ba9c0038b9e9fdf3c171f1626945",
"text": "Sbai Sbai , sabai ( ស ប สไบ , , -LSB- sābāj -RSB- ; ສະໄບ ) , or pha biang ( ຜ້າບ່ຽງ ผ้าเบี่ยง , -LSB- pʰâː bìa̯ŋ -RSB- ) is shawl-like garment , or breastcloth worn in mainland Southeast Asia . The term `` sabai '' is used for a woman 's silk breast wrapper in Cambodia , central Thailand , southern Thailand , Isan , and Laos while in coastal Sumatra it described as a shoulder cloth ... '' Sabais can also be worn by men in Lao weddings or when attending religious ceremonies . The type of sabai typically worn by Lao men often has checkered patterns . Sabai also well known as a long piece of silk , about a foot wide , draped diagonally over the chest covering one shoulder with one end dropping behind the back . '' The sabai is Cambodia 's national costume tie with its ancient 's sampot and chang kben .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ae844f92adb190c8981fcd3089a65e76",
"text": "Economy of ancient Tamil country The economy of the ancient Tamil country ( Sangam era : 200 BCE -- 200 CE ) describes the ancient economy of a region in southern India that mostly covers the present-day states of Tamil Nadu and Kerala . The main economic activities were agriculture , weaving , pearl fishery , manufacturing and construction . Paddy was the most important crop ; it was the staple cereal and served as a medium of exchange for inland trade . Pepper , millets , grams and sugarcane were other commonly grown crops . Madurai and Urayur were important centers for the textile industry ; Korkai was the center of the pearl trade . Industrial activity flourished . Inland trading was conducted primarily through barter in busy market places by merchant associations and commercial lending institutions . Merchants formed associations that operated autonomously , without interference from the state . The people of ancient Tamil country engaged in brisk overseas trade with Rome ; the trade reached a peak after the discovery of a direct route for merchant ships between Tamilakam and Egypt , taking advantage of the monsoon winds . Pepper , pearls , ivory , textiles and gold ornaments were exported from Tamilakam , and the main imports were luxury goods such as glass , coral , wine and topaz . Foreign trade brought in a large amount of internationally convertible Roman currency . The state played an important role in building and maintaining infrastructure such as roads and ports -- funded through taxation -- to meet the needs of economic and social activity . Wealth was unequally divided among the people , giving rise to distinct economic classes .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
4e9e5cd80a74929b018a66689012caf9
|
Santa Barbara is located outside of Southern California.
|
[
{
"docid": "bcf507234b0e963072d364fc7a54cc3b",
"text": "Santa Barbara County, California Santa Barbara County , California , officially the County of Santa Barbara , is a county located in the southern portion of the state of California , in the United States . As of the 2010 census , the population was 423,895 . The county seat is Santa Barbara , and the largest city is Santa Maria . Santa Barbara County comprises the Santa Maria-Santa Barbara , CA Metropolitan Statistical Area . Most of the county is part of the California Central Coast . Mainstays of the county 's economy include engineering , resource extraction ( particularly petroleum extraction and diatomaceous earth mining ) , winemaking , agriculture , and education . The software development and tourism industries are important employers in the southern part of the county . Southern Santa Barbara County is sometimes considered the northern cultural boundary of Southern California .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0f3f2c34cd2e670a78862e02a93c7add",
"text": "Southern California Southern California , often abbreviated as SoCal , is a geographic and cultural region that generally comprises California 's 10 southernmost counties . The region is traditionally described as eight counties , based on demographics and economic ties : Imperial , Los Angeles , Orange , Riverside , San Bernardino , San Diego , Santa Barbara , and Ventura . The more extensive 10-county definition , which includes Kern and San Luis Obispo counties , is also used and is based on historical political divisions . The 8-county and 10-county definitions are not used for the greater Southern California Megaregion , one of the 11 megaregions of the United States . The megaregion is more expansive , extending east into Las Vegas , Nevada and south across the Mexican border into Tijuana . Southern California includes the heavily built-up urban area which stretches along the Pacific coast from Ventura through the Greater Los Angeles Area and the Inland Empire , and down to Greater San Diego . Southern California 's population encompasses seven metropolitan areas : the Los Angeles metropolitan area ( Los Angeles and Orange counties ) , the Inland Empire , ( Riverside and San Bernardino counties ) , the San Diego metropolitan area , the Oxnard -- Thousand Oaks -- Ventura metropolitan area , the Santa Barbara metropolitan area , the San Luis Obispo metropolitan area , and the El Centro area . The Los Angeles area has over 12 million inhabitants , while the Riverside-San Bernardino area has over 4 million inhabitants and the San Diego area has over 3 million inhabitants . For Community Supported Agriculture ( CSA ) metropolitan purposes , the five counties of Los Angeles , Orange , Riverside , San Bernardino , and Ventura , are all combined to make up the Greater Los Angeles Area with over 17.5 million people . With over 22 million people , Southern California contains roughly 60 percent of California 's population . The Colorado Desert and the Colorado River are located on Southern California 's eastern border with Arizona , and the Mojave Desert is located north on California 's Nevada border . Southern California 's southern border is part of the Mexico -- United States border .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "e46ada7915374864748b9ca10ee0a29c",
"text": "Santa Cruz Island Airport Santa Cruz Island Airport is an airstrip on Santa Cruz Island in Santa Barbara County , California , United States . It is located 24 nautical miles ( 28 mi , 44 km ) southwest of the City of Santa Barbara . This airport is owned by The Nature Conservancy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "97c4fb78ff3f970716ee10ddb92c8180",
"text": "Santa Teresa, San Jose, California Santa Teresa is a neighborhood in the south of San Jose , California , United States . It is east of Almaden Valley , surrounding Santa Teresa Boulevard , with access to Highway 85 . Santa Teresa County Park borders the neighborhood . The Santa Teresa area is home to the Bernal-Gulnac-Joice Ranch , a historic ranch on the border of the southern hills about a dozen blocks west of one entrance to Santa Teresa County Park . The ranch was once an important one , holding many Spanish farmers and Ohlone Indians . This ranch provided fruit , dairy products , and spring water to nearby homes and neighborhoods and even as far away as downtown San Jose . Today , it is a Santa Clara County park with hiking trails , cultural education , and recreational activities . Santa Teresa , mostly suburban neighborhoods , also includes several schools from the Oak Grove School District , including Santa Teresa Elementary and Bernal Intermediate School . It also includes Santa Teresa High School . Considered as South County , the southernmost area of Southern Santa Teresa 's 95139 zip code is part of the Morgan Hill School District and includes Los Paseos Elementary and Martin Murphy Middle Schools . Students attend High School at either Ann Sobrato High or Live Oak High , both in Morgan Hill , California . Santa Teresa is within San Jose 's District 2 . There are two popular city community gardens in Santa Teresa , Laguna Seca in 95139 and La Colina in 95123 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5db2791252e7a88476ab7ca587908ff2",
"text": "List of city nicknames in California This partial list of city nicknames in California compiles the aliases , sobriquets , mottos and slogans that cities in California are known by ( or have been known by historically ) , officially and unofficially , to locals , outsiders or their tourism boards or chambers of commerce . City nicknames can help in establishing a civic identity , helping outsiders recognize a community or attracting people to a community because of its nickname ; promote civic pride ; and build community unity . Nicknames and slogans that successfully create a new community `` ideology or myth '' are also believed to have economic value . Their economic value is difficult to measure , but there are anecdotal reports of cities that have achieved substantial economic benefits by `` branding '' themselves by adopting new slogans . Some unofficial nicknames are positive , while others are derisive . The unofficial nicknames listed here have been in use for a long time or have gained wide currency .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "440c6b87c8a888ad38ac6e288015b12f",
"text": "Southern Arizona Southern Arizona is a region of the United States comprising the southernmost portion of the State of Arizona . It sometimes goes by the name Gadsden or Baja Arizona , which means `` Lower Arizona '' in Spanish .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cef1bd970141ac926ea5cb451c47e1ae",
"text": "Santa Barbara Fire Department The Santa Barbara Fire Department ( SBFD ) is the agency that provides fire protection and emergency medical services for the city of Santa Barbara . It is unofficially referred to as the Santa Barbara City Fire Department to distinguish it from the Santa Barbara County Fire Department .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0afd052768d8eec74ca0eb5f448a706d",
"text": "South Alabama South Alabama is the various parts of southern Alabama . Although it is not a strictly defined geographic region , it generally includes all Alabama counties south of the Black Belt . However , residents of the largest population center , Mobile , often make the argument that the phrase refers only to the extreme southernmost parts of Alabama . In that view , South Alabama consists of just the two counties that border the Gulf of Mexico and Mobile Bay : Baldwin County and Mobile County . That area is characterized by extensive wetlands , but also by long , sandy beaches which are very conducive to tourism . Many deluxe golf courses have been developed in the area in recent decades . Because Mobile and Baldwin Counties tend to use `` South Alabama '' with such exclusivity , other parts of southern Alabama , particularly the Florida-border counties from Escambia County over to Houston County often humorously prefer to be called Lower Alabama if a regional name must be given . Traditionally the south central and southeastern parts of the state have less in common with the Mobile area than they have in common with southwest Georgia and the Black Belt region . Alternative names include South Central Alabama , Southeast Alabama , and the Wiregrass .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1a91795a409b2d2f8ffa2c6dc33ab4bc",
"text": "Demographics of San Diego County Half of the population of San Diego County lives in San Diego and Chula Vista . Despite having a per capita income that ranks between the Los Angeles metropolitan area and the San Francisco Bay Area , San Diego County has relatively few places with a both a high population and levels of income significantly higher than its state and the United States . The San Diego metropolitan area only has two places with a both a population of over 50,000 per capita income of over $ 40,000 : Carlsbad and Encinitas . In contrast , the Los Angeles metropolitan area has 10 and the San Francisco Bay Area has 12 . ( See California locations by income . ) Even when controlling for population , the San Diego metropolitan area has unusually few large areas with high per capita incomes compared to the state 's other two major metropolitan areas . This is because much of the county 's high-income residents are concentrated in the northern part of the city of San Diego , which is reported as one unit for most demographic purposes . The county 's largest continuous high-income urban area has the appearance of a triangle constructed from a first point on the northern edge of Carlsbad , a second point southeast of Escondido , and a third point on the southern edge of La Jolla . The region is pictured to the right . It contains all or most of the cities of Carlsbad , Encinitas , Solana Beach , Del Mar , and Poway in addition to a substantial portion of northern San Diego .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "77c4d18b3cd2575746d8cd09f76796c6",
"text": "Pacific Capital Bancorp Pacific Capital Bancorp was an American regional bank that operated 49 branches between Los Angeles , California and San Jose , California under the brand name Santa Barbara Bank & Trust . It was acquired by Union Bank in 2012 . The bank also owned Morton Capital Management and RE Wacker & Associates and was headquartered in Santa Barbara , California prior to its acquisition .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "de4b1cd2332e253a913b8908ce9b031c",
"text": "Extravaganza (music festival) Extravaganza is an annual campus music festival held at the University of California , Santa Barbara that began in 1979 and has been held every year since 1989 . Named as the # 1 event on the `` Top 10 University Festivals to Crash '' by College Magazine in 2013 , it takes place towards the end of spring quarter and is funded by a student lock-in fee . The event is planned , promoted , and run by the Associated Students Program Board , part of the Associated Students of the University of California , Santa Barbara . Extravaganza is held in Harder Stadium and draws thousands of students and out of town visitors every year . As of 2011 , the festival is only open to UCSB students , staff , and faculty . The stage occupies the north end of the field while booths for student groups , sponsors , and activities line the sides . Attendees must comply with a mandatory pat down and bag search ( carried out by Community Service Organization officers ) before entering the stadium .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "692437091481b9e91815e859f1ae1790",
"text": "Topanga, California Topanga is a census-designated place ( CDP ) in western Los Angeles County , California , United States . Located in the Santa Monica Mountains , the community lies in Topanga Canyon . The narrow southern portion of Topanga at the coast is in between the city of Malibu and the city of Los Angeles neighborhood of Pacific Palisades . Topanga had a population of 8,289 as of 2010 . The ZIP code is 90290 and the area code is primarily 310 , with 818 only at the north end of the canyon . It is in the 3rd County Supervisorial district .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d60fc975d6621476b78f2e30c8bbeaae",
"text": "Santa Barbara Zoo The Santa Barbara Zoo is located on 30 acre near the ocean in Santa Barbara , California . It was built on the site of what was known as the Child Estate . The zoo has been ranked numerous times as one of the nation 's best small zoos . It has more than 500 animals in numerous exhibits , including capybara and California condors , and is famous for having had a giraffe with a crooked neck . It also features a few non-animal attractions , such as the narrow gauge Zoo Train , complete with a pair of Chance Rides C.P. Huntington locomotives . The zoo first opened in August 1963 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "02959db106b4faa23c1dfabd6e223802",
"text": "Calwa, California Calwa ( formerly , Calwa City ) is an unincorporated census-designated place in Fresno County , California , United States . The population was 2,052 at the 2010 census , up from 762 in 2000 . Calwa is located 4 mi south-southeast of downtown Fresno , at an elevation of 292 feet ( 89 m ) . The name was taken from the acronym for `` California Wine Association '' ( CalWA ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ae721438ef7a836716fe7844ee37539e",
"text": "California chaparral and woodlands The California chaparral and woodlands is a terrestrial ecoregion of lower northern , central , and southern California ( United States ) and northwestern Baja California ( Mexico ) , located on the west coast of North America . It is an ecoregion of the Mediterranean forests , woodlands , and scrub Biome , and part of the Nearctic ecozone .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5aa90743e50c86a38f244a7f1b901107",
"text": "Bodega Bay Bodega Bay is a shallow , rocky inlet of the Pacific Ocean on the coast of northern California in the United States . It is approximately 5 mi across and is located approximately 40 mi northwest of San Francisco and 20 mi west of Santa Rosa . The bay straddles the boundary between Sonoma County to the north and Marin County to the south . The bay is a marine habitat used for navigation , recreation , and commercial and sport fishing including shellfish harvesting . Bodega Bay is protected on its north end from the Pacific Ocean by Bodega Head , which shelters the small Bodega Harbor and is separated from the main bay by a jetty . The San Andreas Fault runs parallel to the coastline and bisects Bodega Head , which lies on the Pacific Plate ; the town is on the North American Plate . The village of Bodega Bay sits on the east side of Bodega Harbor . The bay connects on its south end to the mouth of Tomales Bay . Streams flowing into Bodega Bay include the Estero de San Antonio and the Estero Americano . Accessible beaches on Bodega Bay include Doran Regional Park ( on the jetty ) and Pinnacle Gulch . Apart from the harbor , all of Bodega Bay lies within the boundaries of the Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f1f97eaf6e51ceff48fde85ab286b412",
"text": "Orcutt, California Orcutt is an unincorporated town located in the Santa Maria Valley of California , and a census-designated place ; it is in Santa Barbara County , California , United States . Orcutt is named for William Warren Orcutt , the manager of the Geological , Land and Engineering Departments of the Union Oil Company . Known as the `` Dean of Petroleum Geologists '' Orcutt is credited with discovering fossilized prehistoric animal bones preserved in pools of asphalt on the Hancock Ranch . These would be the first of many fossils excavated from the La Brea Tar Pits . In commemoration of Orcutt 's initial discovery , paleontologists named the La Brea Coyote in W.W. Orcutt 's honor , Canis Orcutti . Orcutt is home to miles of hiking trails in the Orcutt Hills . The trail entrances begin at Orcutt Community Park . http://www.smvos.org/ Orcutt is located close to five federally sanctioned American Viticultural Areas ( AVAs ) within Santa Barbara County : Ballard Canyon , Happy Canyon of Santa Barbara , Santa Maria Valley , Sta . Rita Hills and Santa Ynez Valley . There are currently five wine tasting rooms in Old Orcutt : Nagy Wines ; Core Wine ; Lucias Wine Co ; Grevino Wine ; and William James Cellars . -LCB- http://www.corewine.com/ -RCB- Orcutt is a short drive up highway 135 from `` little LA '' Los Alamos . There are several restaurants and shops in Old Orcutt . http://www.oldtownorcutt.org/ Old Orcutt is home to the Orcutt Chalk Festival sponsored by the Orcutt Children 's Art Foundation . This annual festival is always the last Saturday of September and features professional street painting artists working side by side with children artists creating art on the street . http://www.orcuttarts.com/chalk-festival.html Every December , Old Orcutt has a daytime Christmas parade where thousands of people attend . The parade is over 53 years old . The population of Orcutt was 35,262 at the 2010 census , up from 28,830 at the 2000 census .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c2e88759643378b2506580697e55a3d3",
"text": "California statistical areas The statistical areas of the United States of America comprise the metropolitan statistical areas ( MSAs ) , the micropolitan statistical areas ( μSAs ) , and the combined statistical areas ( CSAs ) currently defined by the United States Office of Management and Budget ( OMB ) . Most recently on December 1 , 2009 , the Office of Management and Budget defined 1067 statistical areas for the United States , including 4 combined statistical area , 26 metropolitan statistical areas , and 9 micropolitan statistical areas in the State of California . The table below shows the recent population of these statistical areas and the 58 counties of California .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9bd1151553b4cca50aa01f06546ac1c9",
"text": "Misión Santa Catarina Virgen y Mártir Mission Santa Catarina was founded on November 12 , 1797 in the present-day Valle of El Álamo in the municipio of Ensenada , Baja California , México , by the Dominican missionary José Loriente . The ruins of the Mission are located at . The site chosen for the mission lay on a plateau at an elevation of 1183 m above sea level , surrounded by an irrigable valley in the Sierra de Juárez , some 62 km east of Mission Santo Tomás . The location was previously known to the native Paipai as Ha ` ketepohol , meaning `` water that falls loudly '' . Following the precedent of Mission San Pedro Mártir , it was the second and last of the Baja California missions to be situated in such mountainous terrain . Today , Santa Catarina is a village of Paipai and Kumeyaay Indians , but virtually nothing remains of the original structures . Archaeological investigations of the mission 's traces are in progress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2f0e8c354472f83017ab504e6a6dcac4",
"text": "Santa Rosae Santa Rosae , or Santarosae , before the end of the last ice age , was an ancient landmass off the coast of present-day southern California , near Santa Barbara County and Ventura County , of which the northern Channel Islands of California are remnants . At its largest , Santa Rosae was roughly 3-4 times bigger than the northern Channel Islands of today , nearly 125 km ( 77.67 miles ) long from east to west . Between about 20,000 and 5,000 years ago , Santa Rosae lost about 70 % of its land mass to post-glacial rising sea level , leaving behind a vast submerged landscape currently being explored by scientists . This island was about 5 miles offshore . It broke up between about 11,000 and 9,000 years ago , and the present northern Channel Islands took their shape after the continental ice sheets melted and sea levels rose by about 100 meters . There is evidence to suggest that a now-submerged island , Calafia , lay between Santa Rosae and the mainland . Santa Rosae had a population of pygmy mammoths ( Mammuthus exilis ) , which became extinct roughly 13,000 years ago . On Santa Rosae was found the ~ 13,000-year-old skeleton of Arlington Springs Man , among the oldest human remains yet found in North America . As Santa Rosae was not connected to the mainland at the time , this shows that Paleoindians settled the island using boats . Archaeological evidence shows that these Paleocoastal peoples had sophisticated maritime technologies and fished , hunted marine mammals and birds , and harvested island plant foods These Paleocoastal peoples , who survived on the island until about 8,000 years ago , may be the ancestors of the Island Chumash tribe , who lived on the northern Channel Islands for millennia until Spanish authorities removed them to mainland missions in the 1820s .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1b67a97f82a849f3b5ce7244ed184f2e",
"text": "Monarch butterfly conservation in California The U.S. state of California has instituted numerous conservation programs , policies , laws , reserves and Habitat restoration projects throughout the state to facilitate the health and migration of the western population of the monarch butterfly ( Danaus plexippus ) . The population of western monarchs require very different breeding and overwintering habitat when compared to the eastern population of monarch butterflies . They require specific micro-climatic conditions to survive the winter and they are sensitive to habitat changes at the overwintering sites . The large aggregations of butterflies are seen as the most vulnerable at their overwintering locations along the coast . Many monarch overwintering sites are contained within the `` coastal zone '' ; an area defined by the Coastal Zone Management Act to be 1000 yards inland from the high tide mark . Large number of overwintering sites are outside the coastal zone . There are more than 450 overwintering sites in California documented since the 1980s .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6e7a436296ec21bb70d62d2ed29b730f",
"text": "UC Santa Barbara Gauchos women's basketball The UC Santa Barbara Gauchos women 's basketball team is the basketball team that represents University of California , Santa Barbara in Santa Barbara , California , United States . The school 's team currently competes in the Big West Conference .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
2c4d942df2f01afa0142e95608d6b9ee
|
Caroline, Princess of Hanover is married to a fictional character.
|
[
{
"docid": "85423e5b17d6b488fef8737f9d809242",
"text": "Caroline, Princess of Hanover Caroline , Princess of Hanover ( Caroline Louise Marguerite ; born 23 January 1957 ) , is the eldest child of Rainier III , Prince of Monaco , and American actress Grace Kelly . She is the elder sister of Prince Albert II and Princess Stéphanie . Until the births of her niece and nephew Princess Gabriella and Prince Jacques of Monaco in December 2014 she had been heir presumptive to the throne of Monaco since 2005 , a position which she previously held from 1957 to 1958 . Caroline is married to Ernst August , Prince of Hanover ( born 1954 ) , the heir to the former throne of the Kingdom of Hanover , as well as the heir male of George III of the United Kingdom .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "01d6eca5131a4e47d2a0d227727cf853",
"text": "Clara Bonde Clara Christina Eleonora Bonde af Björnö , née Rålamb ( 1 July 1806 - 12 January 1899 ) , was a Swedish courtier . She was born to the royal equerry baron Claes Rålamb and the former maid of honor Ulrika Eleonora von Düben . In 1823 , she was appointed hovfröken ( maid of honor ) to queen Desiree , and became a member of the first court staff of the queen , who returned to Sweden after twelve years in exile that year . She is described as good humored and witty and became a leading figure in social court life . Because of her manner and good French , she was able to handle the infamous hot temperament of king Charles XIV John , and because of this , she was often given the task to present him with news , especially such news which could upset him . On 16 December 1828 , she married count Gustaf Ulf Bonde af Björnö and retired from court to participate in the high society life of Stockholm for a couple of years . Hers was described as the last of the weddings celebrated in accordance with all honors formerly customarily afforded members of the court when they married . In 1836 , she returned to court and was appointed statsfru ( Lady of the Bedchamber ) to queen Desirée , a position she kept until the queen 's death in 1861 . She was a favorite of the queen who referred to her as Ma cherie Claire and trusted her advice . She was also well liked by the other members of the royal house : crown prince Oscar and crown princess Josephine referred to her as aunt Clara and the santa claus of the royal palace and regarded her a family member . The correspondence between her and the members of the royal family are preserved . After the death of her spouse in 1855 , she was for a time given the responsibility for several estates until the heirs were old enough to manage them .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aa511b52a7afdf99d43dbb658e461a4a",
"text": "Celestina (novel) Celestina is an eighteenth-century English novel and poet Charlotte Turner Smith 's third novel . Published in 1791 by Thomas Cadell , the novel tells the story of an adopted orphan who discovers the secret of her parentage and marries the man she loves . It is a courtship novel that follows the typical Cinderella plot while still commenting on contemporary political issues . Celestina is a satire of traditional English class and gender assumptions , particularly the idea that nobility is connected to rank or wealth . The heroine 's worth lies in her `` enlightened human soul '' ; she is valuable in and of herself . As a model for young readers , Celestina was liberating -- she was independent and assertive . While Celestina is a heroine of sensibility who relies on her feelings to develop sympathy for others , it is the hero , Willoughby , who is the most sentimental of all , reversing the stereotypical association of strong emotions with femininity . In this novel , it is the women who remain strong and the men who are prey to their feelings . Throughout the novel , Smith included portraits of herself and her husband . Readers were interested in her personal story and bought her works to discover what was happening in her life , therefore she included barely disguised autobiographical details in the novel . The novel was well received by reviewers and eventually ran to four editions during the 1790s ; however , the novel was not published again until the 2000s . Jane Austen , who read Smith 's novels as they were published , responded to her description of sensibility with Sense and Sensibility .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0525ed59bad0d60295d36b9108f0ca57",
"text": "Louise Bénédicte de Bourbon Louise Bénédicte de Bourbon ( Anne Louise Bénédicte ; 8 November 1676 -- 23 January 1753 ) , was the daughter of Henri Jules de Bourbon , Prince of Condé and Anne Henriette of Bavaria . As a member of the reigning House of Bourbon , she was a princesse du sang . Forced to marry the Duke of Maine , legitimised son of Louis XIV and Madame de Montespan , she revelled in politics and the arts , and held a popular salon at the Hôtel du Maine as well as at the Château de Sceaux .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "66e3e7ea0ffc6bb8db4ab5a22acea54e",
"text": "Princess Elizabeth of Sweden Princess Elizabeth of Sweden ( also Elisabet Gustavsdotter Vasa ; 5 April 1549 Kungsör , Sweden - 20 November 1597 Stockholm ) , was a Swedish princess , and a duchess consort of Mecklenburg-Gadebusch by marriage to Christopher , Duke of Mecklenburg-Gadebusch . She was a daughter of King Gustav Vasa of Sweden and his second spouse , Queen Margaret .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e0751a31634fa919b33a09bf8ed03283",
"text": "Prince Bernhard of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach Prince Bernhard of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach may refer to : Prince Bernhard of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach ( 1792 -- 1862 ) , Prince Carl Bernhard , son of Charles Augustus , Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach and husband of Princess Ida of Saxe-Meiningen . Prince Bernhard of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach ( 1878 -- 1900 ) , son of Charles Augustus , Hereditary Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach ( 1844 -- 1894 ) and potential suitor of Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands . Prince Bernhard of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach ( 1917 -- 1986 ) , Bernhard Friedrich Viktor , son of William Ernest , Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3fcdb757bd7b562648e6e6ee53115057",
"text": "Maria Bolkonskaya Princess Maria ( or Marya ) Nikolaevna Bolkonskaya ( Марья Болконская , Mar ` ia Bolkonskaia ) is a fictional character in Leo Tolstoy 's novel War and Peace . Princess Maria , the sister of Prince Andrei Bolkonsky , is a deeply religious young woman who has resigned herself to an unmarried life to be with her domineering father , Prince Nikolai Bolkonsky . Princess Maria is a plain woman , whose lack of beauty is offset by her large , caring eyes . Kevin Corrigan sees Maria as an example of how `` a face can be ugly and yet transfigured by beautiful eyes '' . She is overshadowed by her beautiful French companion , Mademoiselle Bourienne . An attempt to marry her off to the profligate Prince Anatole Kuragin fails . Princess Maria 's father dies during the days leading to the battle of Borodino . The peasants on her estate threaten to become violent and Maria is rescued by Nikolai Rostov . They fall in love , but several situations keep them apart and eventually they both forgo any hope of marriage . Maria 's brother , Prince Andrei Bolkonsky , is seriously wounded in battle and chances to fall under the care of Natasha Rostova , with whom Princess Maria becomes close friends . Andrei Bolkonsky 's death brings Maria and Natasha closer together . Maria marries the impoverished Nikolai Rostov in the autumn of 1814 , and eventually the couple have four children . Nikolai Rostov relies on his work and her moral support , not financial , to become a wealthy and content estate owner . Stephen Vizinczey suggests that Tolstoy created Maria out of his longing for his mother , Princess Maria Nikolayevna Volkonskaya , who died before Tolstoy 's second birthday .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a0a232cb67ad6223e651adade0082cbc",
"text": "Prince Ernst August of Hanover (born 1954) Ernst August , Prince of Hanover , Duke of Brunswick and Lüneburg ( Ernst August Albert Paul Otto Rupprecht Oskar Berthold Friedrich-Ferdinand Christian-Ludwig Prinz von Hannover Herzog zu Braunschweig und Lüneburg ; born 26 February 1954 ) is head of the deposed royal House of Hanover which held the thrones of the former Kingdom of Hanover ( until 1866 ) and of the sovereign Duchy of Brunswick ( 1913 to 1918 ) . As the husband of Princess Caroline of Monaco , he is the brother-in-law of Albert II , Prince of Monaco . His wealth is estimated at # 500 million .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aa1642fff459f734ed163a3ca6b88cd6",
"text": "Prince Harald of Schaumburg-Lippe Prince Harald of Schaumburg-Lippe ( Harald Christian Leopold Gustav ; b. 27 March 1948 , in Schloss Hagenburg , Niedersachsen ) is the third son of Prince Christian of Schaumburg-Lippe and Princess Feodora of Denmark and the great-grandson of Frederick VIII of Denmark , a member of the Danish Royal Family . He married Petra Wera Kirstein on 22 July 1976 ; they divorced in 1980 . He married Gabrielle Hagermann on 23 September 1988 . Under Danish law he is not in line to inherit the throne , as he is not descended from Christian X . He is however in line of succession to the British throne as a descendant of George II of Great Britain , through his daughter Queen Louisa of Denmark and Norway .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d2e2b340c4a7f84196ad8057e938abc6",
"text": "Indiana (novel) Indiana is a novel about love and marriage written by Amantine Aurore Dupin ; it was the first work she published under her pseudonym George Sand . Published in April 1832 , the novel blends the conventions of romanticism , realism , and idealism . As the novel is set partly in France and partly in the French colony of Réunion , Sand had to base her descriptions of the colony , where she had never been , on the travel writing of her friend Jules Néraud .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ddf08f4c24e7aeaa2c012f56de9fbb50",
"text": "Dandy A dandy historically , is a man who places particular importance upon physical appearance , refined language , and leisurely hobbies , pursued with the appearance of nonchalance in a cult of self . A dandy could be a self-made man who strove to imitate an aristocratic lifestyle despite coming from a middle-class background , especially in late 18th - and early 19th-century Britain . Previous manifestations of the petit-maître ( French for small master ) and the Muscadin have been noted by John C. Prevost , but the modern practice of dandyism first appeared in the revolutionary 1790s , both in London and in Paris . The dandy cultivated cynical reserve , yet to such extremes that novelist George Meredith , himself no dandy , once defined cynicism as `` intellectual dandyism . '' Some took a more benign view ; Thomas Carlyle wrote in Sartor Resartus that a dandy was no more than `` a clothes-wearing man '' . Honoré de Balzac introduced the perfectly worldly and unmoved Henri de Marsay in La fille aux yeux d'or ( 1835 ) , a part of La Comédie Humaine , who fulfils at first the model of a perfect dandy , until an obsessive love-pursuit unravels him in passionate and murderous jealousy . Charles Baudelaire defined the dandy , in the later `` metaphysical '' phase of dandyism , as one who elevates æsthetics to a living religion , that the dandy 's mere existence reproaches the responsible citizen of the middle class : `` Dandyism in certain respects comes close to spirituality and to stoicism '' and `` These beings have no other status , but that of cultivating the idea of beauty in their own persons , of satisfying their passions , of feeling and thinking ... . Dandyism is a form of Romanticism . Contrary to what many thoughtless people seem to believe , dandyism is not even an excessive delight in clothes and material elegance . For the perfect dandy , these things are no more than the symbol of the aristocratic superiority of mind . '' The linkage of clothing with political protest had become a particularly English characteristic during the 18th century . Given these connotations , dandyism can be seen as a political protest against the levelling of egalitarian principles , often including nostalgic adherence to feudal or pre-industrial values , such as the ideals of `` the perfect gentleman '' or `` the autonomous aristocrat '' . Paradoxically , the dandy required an audience , as Susann Schmid observed in examining the `` successfully marketed lives '' of Oscar Wilde and Lord Byron , who exemplify the dandy 's roles in the public sphere , both as writers and as personae providing sources of gossip and scandal . Nigel Rodgers in The Dandy : Peacock or Enigma ? questions Wilde 's status as a genuine dandy , seeing him as someone who only assumed a dandified stance in passing , not a man dedicated to the exacting ideals of dandyism .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad47dc43670072898442977a55502324",
"text": "Character (arts) A character ( sometimes known as a fictional character ) is a person or other being in a narrative work of art ( such as a novel , play , television series , or film ) . The character may be entirely fictional or based on a real-life person , in which case the distinction of a `` fictional '' versus `` real '' character may be made . Derived from the ancient Greek word χαρακτήρ , the English word dates from the Restoration , although it became widely used after its appearance in Tom Jones in 1749 . From this , the sense of `` a part played by an actor '' developed . Character , particularly when enacted by an actor in the theatre or cinema , involves `` the illusion of being a human person . '' In literature , characters guide readers through their stories , helping them to understand plots and ponder themes . Since the end of the 18th century , the phrase `` in character '' has been used to describe an effective impersonation by an actor . Since the 19th century , the art of creating characters , as practiced by actors or writers , has been called characterisation . A character who stands as a representative of a particular class or group of people is known as a type . Types include both stock characters and those that are more fully individualised . The characters in Henrik Ibsen 's Hedda Gabler ( 1891 ) and August Strindberg 's Miss Julie ( 1888 ) , for example , are representative of specific positions in the social relations of class and gender , such that the conflicts between the characters reveal ideological conflicts . The study of a character requires an analysis of its relations with all of the other characters in the work . The individual status of a character is defined through the network of oppositions ( proairetic , pragmatic , linguistic , proxemic ) that it forms with the other characters . The relation between characters and the action of the story shifts historically , often miming shifts in society and its ideas about human individuality , self-determination , and the social order .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "64d165a4ea0f9dcf497651ed8f83a3ec",
"text": "Caroline of Sweden Caroline of Sweden - Swedish : Karolina and Charlotta , also Carola - may refer to : Charlotte , Queen consort of Sweden 1809 Carola of Vasa , Swedish princess ( claimant ) 1833",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eb5e330db2ccf59809329e02a534845a",
"text": "Caroline Lacroix Blanche Zélia Joséphine Delacroix , better known as Caroline Lacroix ( 13 May 1883 -- 12 February 1948 ) was the most prominent and notorious of Leopold II of Belgium 's mistresses . Delacroix , who was of French origin , met the king in Paris as a young girl , when she was only 16 and he was 65 . At that time , she earned her living as a prostitute . They soon embarked upon a relationship that was to last until his death in 1909 . Leopold lavished upon her large sums of money , estates , gifts , and a noble title , Baroness Vaughan . Because of these presents , Caroline was deeply unpopular both among the Belgian people and internationally , as Leopold became increasingly criticized for his greed-induced actions in the Congo Free State , his own personal colony . As Caroline largely profited off the income from the colony , she became known as La reine du Congo ( `` the Queen of Congo '' ) . She and Leopold married in a religious ceremony five days before his death , though their failure to perform a civil ceremony rendered the marriage void under Belgian law . After the king 's death , it was soon discovered that he had left Caroline numerous properties , items of high material value , Congolese bonds , and other valuable sources of income -- all of which turned her into a multimillionaire . For years the Belgian government and Leopold 's three estranged daughters attempted to recover some of this wealth , with their success varying depending on the case . Caroline died on 12 February 1948 in Cambo-les-Bains , France .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "80b53056d40c858256f6d8c25534c8b7",
"text": "Nathaniel Starbuck Nathaniel Starbuck is a fictional character , Confederate soldier , and the protagonist of British author Bernard Cornwell 's ( b. 1944 ) , `` Starbuck Chronicles '' series of novels of historical fiction . Cornwell is also author of several other series of historical fiction such as the `` Richard Sharpe '' novels of the British campaigns in the Peninsular War in Spain during the Napoleonic Wars of the early 19th Century .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d87a870037cba89bbc2a5699bebf44eb",
"text": "Sarah Villiers, Countess of Jersey Sarah Sophia Child Villiers , Countess of Jersey ( 4 March 1785 -- 26 January 1867 ) , was an English noblewoman , and through her marriage a member of the Villiers family . She was the eldest daughter of John Fane , 10th Earl of Westmorland , and Sarah Anne Child . Her mother was the only child of Robert Child , the principal shareholder in the banking firm Child & Co. . Under the terms of his will , the Countess of Jersey was the primary legatee , and she not only inherited Osterley Park but became senior partner of the bank . Her husband , George Villiers , added the surname Child by royal licence . Lady Jersey married George Child Villiers , 5th Earl of Jersey , on 23 May 1804 , in the drawing room of her house in Berkeley Square . Her husband 's mother , Frances Villiers , Countess of Jersey ( also Lady Jersey ) , was one of the more notorious mistresses of King George IV when he was Prince of Wales . Her sister Maria married John Ponsonby , Viscount Duncannon , later the 4th Earl of Bessborough , a brother of Lady Caroline Lamb . Her own affairs , though conducted discreetly , were said to be numerous : Henry John Temple , 3rd Viscount Palmerston , was thought to be one of her lovers . When asked why he had never fought a duel to preserve his wife 's reputation , Lord Jersey dryly replied that this would require him to fight every man in London . Lady Jersey was one of the patronesses of Almack 's , the most exclusive social club in London , and a leader of the ton during the Regency era . She was immortalized as Zenobia in Disraeli 's novel Endymion . Caroline Lamb ridiculed her in Glenarvon : in revenge Lady Jersey had her barred from Almack 's , the ultimate social disgrace . This , however , was unusual since she was notable for acts of kindness and generosity ; and she was eventually persuaded to remove the ban . In politics she was a Tory , although she lacked the passion for politics shown by her cousin Harriet Arbuthnot . On hearing that the Duke of Wellington had fallen from power in 1830 , she burst into tears in public . She reportedly `` moved heaven and earth '' against the Reform Act 1832 . Lady Jersey was known by the nickname Silence ; the nickname was ironic since , famously , she almost never stopped talking . She is a recurring character in the Regency novels of Georgette Heyer , where she is presented as eccentric and unpredictable , but highly intelligent and observant , and capable of kindness and generosity . She died at No. 38 , Berkeley Square , Middlesex now London .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "df1c21726ce50a9522d76d2accfab450",
"text": "Sarah Derith Sarah Derith , née Wright ( 1680-1745 ) , was a politically active Swedish ( originally British ) countess and salon holder , married to the Swedish politician count Carl Gyllenborg . She was the daughter of John Wright , esq ; attorney-general of Jamaica , and married first to Elias Deritt . She was known as a Tory Sympathiser . In 1710 , she married the Swedish diplomat Carl Gyllenborg , at the time posted in London . She was at the time a wealthy widow with a salon that gathered a large net of influential people in from the political , cultural , scientific and merchant world . After their marriage , her spouse also used her salon to benefit Swedish interests in Great Britain by creating a pro-Swedish attitude with the British politicians attending her salon . Sarah Wright was a jacobite , and worked for reinstating the Stuart dynasty on the British throne . Carl Gyllenborg was implicated in an attempted coup planned by Wright , placed in house arrest and expelled : his part in the affair is unknown . After his return to Sweden , he financed his political career with his spouse 's money . Sarah Wright participated in the political life also in Sweden , and are mentioned alongside Hedvig Catharina Lillie as examples of the politically active women in Sweden during the age of liberty . In 1734 , when the sexual relationship between Hedvig Taube and King Frederick I of Sweden was publicly recognised after the birth of a son , Taube was initially socially boycotted when the female members of the aristocracy refused to pay her visits . Sarah Wright belonged to the three noblewomen who broke this boycott by visiting Taube in the company of her husband , Eleonora Magdalena Wachtmeister and Eleonora Lindheim . During the visit , they asked for favours from the monarch through Taube , which broke the boycott and started the political position of Taube as an intermediary .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "47a43ea8a7d474e0ea1af634c7bf0a4a",
"text": "George V of Hanover George V ( George Frederick Alexander Charles Ernest Augustus ; Georg Friedrich Alexander Karl Ernst August 27 May 1819 -- 12 June 1878 ) was the last king of Hanover , the only child and successor of King Ernest Augustus . George V 's reign was ended by the Unification of Germany .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "774d32a9ca141667065272f45aaac608",
"text": "Charles, Prince of Wales Charles , Prince of Wales ( Charles Philip Arthur George ; born 14 November 1948 ) is the eldest child and heir apparent of Queen Elizabeth II . Known alternatively in South West England as Duke of Cornwall and in Scotland as Duke of Rothesay , he is the longest-serving heir apparent in British history , having held the position since 1952 . He is also the oldest person to be next in line to the throne since Sophia of Hanover ( the heir presumptive to Queen Anne ) , who died in 1714 at the age of 83 . Charles was born at Buckingham Palace as the first grandchild of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth . He was educated at Cheam and Gordonstoun Schools , which his father , Prince Philip , Duke of Edinburgh , had attended as a child , as well as the Timbertop campus of Geelong Grammar School in Victoria , Australia . After earning a bachelor of arts degree from Trinity College , Cambridge , Charles served in the Royal Navy from 1971 to 1976 . In 1981 , he married Lady Diana Spencer and they had two sons : Prince William ( born 1982 ) later to become Duke of Cambridge , and Prince Harry ( born 1984 ) . In 1996 , the couple divorced , following well-publicised extramarital affairs . Diana died in a car crash in Paris the following year . In 2005 , Charles married Camilla Parker Bowles . Charles 's interests encompass a range of humanitarian and social issues : he founded The Prince 's Trust in 1976 , sponsors The Prince 's Charities , and is patron of numerous other charitable and arts organisations . Charles has long championed organic farming for which he established the Duchy Home Farm , run by the Duchy of Cornwall , which produces ingredients for the Duchy Originals brand which he founded in 1990 . Charles has sought to raise world awareness of the dangers facing the natural environment , such as climate change . As an environmentalist , he has received numerous awards and recognition from environmental groups around the world . His support for alternative medicine , including homeopathy , has been criticised by some in the medical community . He has been outspoken on the role of architecture in society and the conservation of historic buildings . Subsequently , Charles created Poundbury , an experimental new town based on his theories , in Dorset in 1993 . He has authored a number of books , including A Vision of Britain : A Personal View of Architecture in 1989 and the children 's book The Old Man of Lochnagar in 1980 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2c107b9394e95f8a68ec11ef8ad2d9f8",
"text": "Caroline era The Caroline or Carolean era refers to the era in English and Scottish history during the Stuart period ( 1603 -- 1714 ) that coincided with the reign of Charles I ( 1625 -- 1642 ) , Carolus being Latin for Charles . The Caroline era followed the Jacobean era , the reign of Charles 's father James I ( 1603 -- 1625 ) ; it was followed by the English Civil War ( 1642 -- 1651 ) and the English Interregnum ( 1651 -- 1660 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "689a16e684a9990daa80f0da3d3e6c7d",
"text": "Caroline of Berlepsch Caroline of Berlepsch ( born : 9 January 1820 in Bad Hersfeld ; died : 21 February 1877 in Knauthain ( now part of Leipzig ) ) was a member of the noble von Berlepsch family and was the third wife of the Elector William II of Hesse-Kassel ( 1777-1847 ) . He married her , after the death of his second wife , Countess Emilie of Reichenbach-Lessonitz , on 28 August 1843 in Wilhelmsbad ( now part of Hanau ) . This was a morganatic marriage , because she was considered lesser nobility and therefore not befitting for a sovereign Elector . Caroline was the daughter of Baron Hermann Ludwig of Berlepsch and Melusine of Kruse and 43 years younger than her husband . The couple 's main residence was Frankfurt , since the elector had in 1830 and virtually abdicated the government to his son , Frederick William I , from his first , non-morganatic , marriage . In 1844 , the Elector elevated Caroline to the `` Baroness of Bergen '' and in 1846 , she received the Austrian title of `` Countess of Bergen '' . After William died in 1847 , she married again , in 1851 in Frankfurt , with Count Charles Adolph of Hohenthal ( born : 27 November 1811 in Dölkau ; died : 9 October 1875 in Knauthain ) . With him , she had two sons : Charles Adolph ( b. 1853 ) and Charles Louis ( b. 1857 ) .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
c139932dd46bfd13f100c6610cfc000a
|
Here Comes the Sun was recorded at Abbey Road Studios in the summer of 1969.
|
[
{
"docid": "e91a4f201684921f6d5d838a46c19509",
"text": "Here Comes the Sun `` Here Comes the Sun '' is a song written by George Harrison that was first released on the Beatles ' 1969 album Abbey Road . Along with `` Something '' and `` While My Guitar Gently Weeps '' , it is one of Harrison 's best-known compositions from the Beatles era . The song was written at the country house of his friend Eric Clapton , where Harrison had chosen to play truant for the day , to avoid attending a meeting at the Beatles ' Apple Corps organisation . The lyrics reflect the composer 's relief at both the arrival of spring and the temporary respite he was experiencing from the band 's business affairs . The Beatles recorded `` Here Comes the Sun '' at London 's EMI Studios in the summer of 1969 . Led by Harrison 's acoustic guitar , the recording also features Moog synthesizer , which he had introduced to the Beatles ' sound after acquiring an early model of the instrument in California . Reflecting the continued influence of Indian classical music on Harrison 's writing , the composition includes a series of unusual time changes . `` Here Comes the Sun '' has received acclaim from music critics . Combined with his other contribution to Abbey Road , `` Something '' , it gained for Harrison the level of recognition as a songwriter that had previously been reserved for his bandmates John Lennon and Paul McCartney . Harrison played the song during many of his relatively rare live performances as a solo artist , including at the Concert for Bangladesh in 1971 and , with Paul Simon , during his appearance on Saturday Night Live in 1976 . Richie Havens and Steve Harley & Cockney Rebel each had hit singles with `` Here Comes the Sun '' in the 1970s . Nina Simone , George Benson , Booker T. & the M.G. 's , Peter Tosh and Joe Brown are among the many other artists who have covered the song .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "ebfb6bdccabe05d0c00fc1cacd771b2a",
"text": "Sunshine pop Sunshine pop ( originally `` soft pop '' ) is a subgenre of pop music originating in Southern California in the mid-1960s , although it only acquired the name later . Rooted in easy-listening , advertising jingles , and the growing drug culture , sunshine pop acts purveyed a lightly produced style that combined nostalgic or anxious moods with `` an appreciation for the beauty of the world '' . It began as an outgrowth of the 1960s California Sound and folk rock movements , largely consisting of lesser-known artists who imitated more popular groups like the Beach Boys , the Mamas & the Papas , and the 5th Dimension . While the Beach Boys are noted as prominent influences , they rarely worked in the genre . Sunshine pop is characterized by lush vocals and light arrangements similar to samba music . In some ways the genre is similar to baroque pop music through being elaborate and melancholic , though it also crossed into folk pop and Brill Building styles . Sunshine pop enjoyed mainstream success in the latter half of the decade , with many of its top 40 hits peaking in the spring and summer of 1967 , especially just before the Summer of Love . Popular bands include the Mamas & the Papas , the Turtles , and the Association . Other acts , like the Millennium , Sagittarius , and the Yellow Balloon were less successful but gained a cult following years later ; with albums like Begin ( 1968 ) and Present Tense ( 1968 ) highly sought-after on the collectors ' market .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "61f974090b5659b23ae509454d9ab450",
"text": "Sunbather (album) Sunbather is the second studio album by the American metal band Deafheaven . After the release of their debut record Roads to Judah , the then two piece group consisting of George Clarke and Kerry McCoy began work on Sunbather under the label Deathwish and recorded in several days in January 2013 . The recording process brought a third member into the fold with drummer Dan Tracy who would go on to become a permanent fixture of the band . The album was recorded in The Atomic Garden Recording Studio , owned by Jack Shirley who had been a long time producer of the band . Although Deafheaven had been strongly influenced by black metal as well as diverse other metal acts , their music drew comparisons from music critics to shoegaze , post-rock , and alternative rock sounds . This trend was further continued on Sunbather . The melancholic songs featured in the album include wall of sound arrangements that are found in many shoegazing and post-rock acts , producing dense sounds that sometimes breakdown into slower , melodic parts that are then topped with vocalist George Clarke 's reverb-soaked screaming style singing of lyrics . The album also contains a few interludes that include sampling , field recording , and droning . Sunbather was released in June 2013 and received universal critical acclaim , with Metacritic acknowledging it as `` the best-reviewed major album '' of the year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f6bf76ad511a276113d56e7384e72065",
"text": "Long Road Home (Charlie Simpson album) Long Road Home is the second top ten UK studio album by British singer-songwriter Charlie Simpson . On 2 February 2013 , it was reported that Simpson had finished writing the follow up to his 2011 solo debut Young Pilgrim and he would be heading into the studio with producer Steve Osborne ( U2/Placebo ) to start recording in early March . Simpson spent the summer of 2013 playing on the Vans Warped Tour in the US , which was the first time he has played live as a solo artist in America . During October 2013 , Charlie went on a tour of the UK supporting rock band , Deaf Havana . He previewed two new tracks from the forthcoming album `` Winter Hymns '' and `` Ten More Days '' . In 2014 , he be undertook a small run of solo shows in the UK in the lead up to the release of his 2nd solo album . Simpson said when announcing the release : `` The making of this album has been an incredible journey for me , it is probably the hardest record I have ever had to make . It took me a while to find what I was looking for and there were points when I nearly had to go back to the drawing board . However , after taking some much needed time out from writing and all things music related , I came back with a completely fresh perspective and wrote in my opinion , some of the best music I have written in my career so far . It 's an album I am hugely proud of and one I had to fight for which makes it all the more special '' . Simpson later revealed that the release date for the album had been delayed until 4 August 2014 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "595663f067ea606c4130f444da22051b",
"text": "Delicate Sound of Thunder Delicate Sound of Thunder '' is a double live album by the English progressive rock band Pink Floyd which was recorded over five nights at the Nassau Coliseum on Long Island , New York in August 1988 and mixed at Abbey Road Studios in September 1988 . It was released on 22 November 1988 , through EMI Records in the United Kingdom and Columbia Records in the United States .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "080608a18623f8f4e653f471b108c0f0",
"text": "The Sun Sessions The Sun Sessions is a compilation of Elvis Presley recordings at Sun Studios in 1954 and 1955 . It was issued by RCA Records in 1976 , and had been issued and charted as The Sun Collection in the UK the previous year . It features liner notes by Roy Carr of the New Musical Express .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "471dfc6f1e5e254d72aa1a99f2ba9a19",
"text": "Beaver & Krause Beaver & Krause were a musical duo made up of Paul Beaver and Bernie Krause . Their 1967 album The Nonesuch Guide to Electronic Music was a pioneering work in the electronic music genre . Beaver introduced Monkees singer-drummer Micky Dolenz to the Moog , which became a featured instrument on the fourth Monkees album , Pisces , Aquarius , Capricorn & Jones Ltd. , and Beaver himself performed on one track , `` Star Collector '' in 1967 . In addition , he led workshops at the Beaver & Krause LA studio attended by a who 's who of film composers and session keyboardists of the time . In June 1967 , Beaver and Krause set up a booth at the Monterey Pop Festival , demonstrating their newly purchased electronic synthesiser , one of the first constructed by Bob Moog . Thanks to their demonstrations of the Moog at Monterey , Beaver and Krause also introduced the instrument to a number of other leading American pop acts including The Doors , Simon & Garfunkel and The Byrds , helping to create the vogue for the Moog that emerged in the late 1960s and early 1970s . Krause introduced the instrument first to Sir George Martin , producer of the Beatles , and then to George Harrison during Harrison 's 1968 visit to California while producing the Apple artist , Jackie Lomax . He used it to generate his 1969 free-form solo Electronic Sound album for Apple Records ' spinoff label Zapple , with the first side of the disc consisting of not only Krause 's composition , but also his performance -- one that remained completely unacknowledged and uncompensated for . In 1968 , Beaver and Krause released an album for Mercury Records imprint Limelight Records , Ragnarok , then released a series of three albums for Warner Brothers Records , In a Wild Sanctuary ( 1970 ) , Gandharva ( 1971 ) and All Good Men ( 1972 ) , effectively creating both the electronica and New Age musical movements . The final chord of the track `` Spaced '' from their album , In a Wild Sanctuary , is abnormally similar to the later synthesizer THX Sound Logo heard for years in movie theaters and named deep note . The THX performance conveniently begins on the same first note ( a G pedal tone ) , splits into an 8-tone glissando with four notes rising and four descending , and ends on the same open ( D Major ) chord . Despite THX 's contention that it was not directly influenced by Beaver and Krause , no other musical rendering of that kind can be found over the entire course of musical history . Both Mike Bloomfield and Ronnie Montrose played guitar on the Beaver & Krause song `` Saga Of The Blue Beaver '' . The duo ended with Beaver 's premature death in January , 1975 , at age 49 . Krause released at least two more solo albums : Citadels of Mystery in 1979 and Gorillas in the Mix in 1988 . He also scored music and/or effects for many movies like Apocalypse Now on synthesizer . In 1995 Krause released an album of Holiday music with Phil Aaberg composed entirely of sampled animal noises recorded in the wild titled A Wild Christmas . Since earning his Ph.D. in Creative ( Sound ) Arts with an internship in bioacoustics ( 1981 ) , Krause has specialized almost exclusively in the recording and archiving of natural soundscapes from wild habitats worldwide and has been a major influence in the introduction to bioacoustics of the fields of soundscape ecology and ecoacoustics . In 2014 , Krause collaborated with Richard Blackford , former composer-in-residence at Balliol College Oxford , to compose a symphony titled , The Great Animal Orchestra Symphony for Orchestra and Wild Soundscapes , commissioned and performed by the BBC National Orchestra of Wales . Echoing the pioneering ecoacoustic approach in Beaver & Krause 's In A Wild Sanctuary , the symphony featured the first full orchestration combining wild soundscapes performed live as a component of orchestration . In 2015 , Blackford and Krause were commissioned by the Alonzo King LINES Ballet , an internationally known corps based in San Francisco , to score the ballet , Biophony , which premiered in April of that year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "52c2ce6aedd0824051a9d41c244e6ee7",
"text": "Summer of '78 Summer of '78 is an album by singer-songwriter Barry Manilow , released in 1996 . The album was a collection of cover versions of popular songs , mostly from the 1970s , and was recorded in Nashville , Tennessee .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5cab0102183a67bb112ef780ea2a5c74",
"text": "A Beginning `` A Beginning '' is an instrumental piece composed by the Beatles ' producer George Martin and intended as an introduction to `` Do n't Pass Me By '' , Ringo Starr 's first solo composition from the Beatles ' 1968 double album The Beatles ( also known as the `` White Album '' ) . It was instead used as an incidental cue in the Beatles ' cartoon film Yellow Submarine and heard right before `` Eleanor Rigby . '' It was included on Anthology 3 as a replacement of a planned `` new Beatles song , '' `` Now and Then '' ( along with `` Free as a Bird '' and `` Real Love . '' ) A Beginning was scored by George Martin and recorded on 22 July 1968 , using the same orchestra that appeared on the Beatles ' song `` Good Night '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4a3e9100c60dbc2935a79ff28d0f3e5a",
"text": "Radio Recorders Radio Recorders , Inc. located at 7000 Santa Monica Boulevard , was a recording studio based in Los Angeles , California . Many notable musicians are reported to have been recorded in the studio include Billie Holiday , Charlie Parker , Jimmie Rodgers , Louis Armstrong , Mario Lanza , Elvis Presley , Jimi Hendrix , Frank Zappa , Paul Frees and The Carpenters among others . In its prime , the studio was known as the best recording facility in Los Angeles . During the forties and fifties , Radio Recorders was responsible for recording countless radio shows , both network and local , for delayed broadcast , not always for California , but for many western states . Telephone lines ran to all the important stations and the networks . Studio C was the nerve center with at least six recording lathes and turntables and an `` on-the-air '' playback turntable protected by a railing so that it would not be bumped while it was playing a program onto the air . The recording lathes were shock mounted in sand to prevent rumble from the street cars on Santa Monica Boulevard . For much of that era , the recordings were made and played back on lacquer coated aluminum discs , before tape recording was introduced . The room could handle several programs at once , 24 hours a day , and quite often a single engineer on duty would have his hands full . Most of the major labels used Radio Recorders well into the 1960s . Columbia , RCA Victor , Capitol , and Decca ultimately had their own facilities , but Radio Recorders was still the choice of many independent labels and both popular and classical artists , from Stravinsky to Elvis . In addition , most of the jingles were recorded there . In 1962 H.B. Barnum and Bill Aken chose the annex to record their big band version of ` Goody , Goody '' for Governor Goodwin J. ( Goodie ) Knight 's re-election campaign . Additionally in 1962 Bill Aken would record the classic ` Theme For Shock Theater , ' again with engineer Phil Yeend working the board . The main location at 7000 Santa Monica had two large studios and some smaller ones , as well as disc mastering facilities . In 1946 , the company remodeled a warehouse at 1032 North Sycamore Avenue and built a large studio , capable of handling approximately fifty musicians . This studio was known as Radio Recorders Annex , or , within the industry , just `` The Annex . '' The warehouse originally belonged to RCA Victor and `` the Annex '' was a legendary studio that Victor had built in their warehouse back in the ` 30 's . In 1965 , Radio Recorders ' star engineer , Thorne Nogar , purchased The Annex and started his own independent Annex Studios , which attracted a distinguished clientele as a full service studio , including mastering . For many years , Lawrence Welk pre-recorded the music for his popular television show , becoming the most important client ; in addition , in the 1960s and 1970s Annex mastered for such labels as Uni Records , Dot Records and Ranwood Records , as well as cutting early pressings of Barbra Streisand 's hit single `` The Way We Were . '' The Annex 's location now houses The Record Plant Studios . In the late 1980 's the studio was reopened as Studio 56 by Paul Shwartz . At that time bands such as Guns & Roses , Sugar Ray , Toni Braxton , Brandy , No Doubt and others recorded there . The documentary `` Standing in the Shadows of Motown '' was also partially filmed there . Kenneth Crouh , Keith Crouch and Leon Sylvers were all house producers there at that time . In 2002 the studio gained two new partners Pride Hutchison and Michael Dumas . The studio was then brought back to business under its original name Radio Recorders , and they enlisted the help of longtime friends Jordan Winsen and Steve Loiacano as their staff second engineers . Tom O'Brien , who was working for Schwartz , was kept on as chief engineer . In 2004 the property was declared a historic attraction but never achieved official landmark status by the city of Los Angeles . From 2002 to 2008 the studio welcomed many great projects and clients including Natalie Cole , Dwight Yoakum , Lucinda Williams , Lil ' John , Exzihbit , Annie Lennox and many more ... The facility closed again in 2008 a midst a fraud dispute between Hutchison , Dumas and Shwartz , Silent owners seeking to save the building and real estate property flipper David Bennet . In the end the building was sold in bankruptcy court . Shwartz was left broke , betrayed and feeling blindly used . With lack of capital to fight and overturn the courts decision , the silent owners were left with no moves and the legendary Radio Recorders building was gutted and demolished from the inside . The story as it goes from the inside supposedly is : Schwartz had a partner before Dumas and Hutchison who passed away and with him likely many of the studios strongest contracts . Under Schwartz mismanagement the studio struggled and subsequently defaulted on all financial obligations . Hutchinson and Dumas than found Schwartz in a vulnerable position and for a total sum if 50-60k each ( 100k ) Schwartz agreed to partner with them . It is unclear whether they were ever added to the deed or if this money ever went to debts . Its also rumored that during the period of their partnership many raves were held in soundstage studio E ( dubbed so for Elvis ) and rampant drug abuse took place and continued among the partners . It is known that methamphetamine was found in the cupboards of the studio kitchen shortly after Schwartz and that his behavior was often erratic . What than takes place is a battle for property rights among all involved both the silent partner and David Bennet claiming they paid Schwartz a sum of money for his rights . One side is that a late night meeting took place with notary a menial fee was given to Schwartz and he gave his rights . The other side is David Bennet provided compensation to both Dumas and Hutchison in excess of 50k each for their investment as well as 100k to Schwartz in return for all of their rights . The problem for Bennet being a flipper was that currently each studio was occupied by a tenant and this other silent partner was laying claim . He proceeded to systematically attempt to forge alliances under the false premises that all who helped would bennifit either from the sale / that he would n't sell the building and had no intention of gutting it but rather would maintain it as a studio/That he would sell the property atca fair price to a tenant if they helped him and could raise the capital in a small window . . Supposedly this stipulation was met and Bennet than backed out on his agreement . Hutchison and Dumas were the first to go followed by others . All gear by this point including the piano axel rose recorded November rain with was liquidated and only one studio operated in the building . When Bennet backed out of his deal ( or perhaps the money was never actually raised ) the fight for ownership intensified . Reportedly glass doors were shatterd having had the hinge pins pulled from them and orange Xs were spray painted on other wooden doors of vacant rooms when no one was around . While the silent partner and tenant had teamed up . The results were the same radio recorders studios shut its doors September 2009 . Sleepy Brown of Organized Noise would be the last artist to produce a record in the building . Despite Bennett 's best assurances the studios would all be gutted turned into accounting offices sadly only to become owned by a studio company againv . Schwartz sadly would take his own life.Today the space is used for art exhibits . In 2010 the property was once again sold and is now part of the Siren Production Company .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a8b7b72fe45812806738e707e167371b",
"text": "Long Promised Road `` Long Promised Road '' is a song written by Carl Wilson and Jack Rieley for the American rock band The Beach Boys . It was first released as a single in May 1971 , and did not chart . It was then released on their 1971 album Surf 's Up , and was re-released as a single , with a different b-side , '' 'Til I Die '' , in October of the same year . This time it made it to # 89 on the Billboard Hot 100 . Aside from a few guitar parts written in the early days of the band , the song is Carl Wilson 's first composition ; he plays all of the instruments and handles the lead vocal on the track .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "880eb377554c85df414a0e18725fcdfd",
"text": "The Endless Summer The Endless Summer is a seminal 1966 surf movie ( the initial release was in 1964 , world-wide release was 1966 ) . Filmmaker/narrator Bruce Brown follows two surfers , Mike Hynson and Robert August , on a surfing trip around the world . Despite the balmy climate of their native California , cold ocean currents make local beaches inhospitable during the winter . They travel to the coasts of Australia , New Zealand , Tahiti , Hawaii , Senegal , Ghana , Nigeria and South Africa in a quest for new surf spots and introduce locals to the sport . Other important surfers of the time , such as Miki Dora , Phil Edwards and Butch Van Artsdalen also appear . Its title comes from the idea , expressed at both the beginning and end of the film , that if one had enough time and money it would be possible to follow the summer up and down the world ( northern to southern hemisphere and back ) , making it endless . The concept of the film was born through the suggestion of a travel agent to Bruce Brown during the planning stages of the film . The travel agent suggested that the flight from Los Angeles to Cape Town , South Africa and back would cost $ 50 more than a trip circumnavigating the world . After which , Bruce came up with the idea of following the summer season by traveling up and down the world . The narrative presentation eases from the stiff and formal documentary of the 1950s and early 1960s to a more casual and fun-loving personal style filled with sly humor . The surf rock soundtrack to the film was provided by The Sandals . The `` Theme to the Endless Summer '' was written by Gaston Georis and John Blakeley of the Sandals . It has become one of the best known film themes in the surf movie genre . When the movie was first shown , it encouraged many surfers to go abroad , giving birth to the `` surf-and-travel '' culture , with prizes for finding `` uncrowded surf '' , meeting new people and riding the perfect wave . It also introduced the sport , which had become popular outside of Hawaii and the Polynesian Islands in places like California and Australia , to a broader audience . In addition , it set the style for later surf-and-travel movies , including Momentum , ( These Are ) Better Days , and Thicker Than Water .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2db6beef77f2beb66f0e91da393d97fa",
"text": "The Potty Training Years 1988–1992 The Potty Training Years 1988 -- 1992 is a re-release of the Signal Sound Systems Records album The Potty Training Years with some previously unreleased material . It is also the second album to feature a cover of the Beatles hit `` Here Comes the Sun '' ( though it is no different from the other version save for a four-second time difference )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "24eb0cce6cf6fd8c34eb1ea959aec17a",
"text": "Come and Get It: The Best of Apple Records Come and Get It : The Best of Apple Records is a greatest hits compilation album containing songs by artists signed to the Beatles ' Apple record label between 1968 and 1973 . The first such multi-artist Apple compilation , it was released on 25 October 2010 . Among the artists are Badfinger , Mary Hopkin , James Taylor , Billy Preston , Jackie Lomax , Ronnie Spector and Hot Chocolate . In most cases , the recordings were produced by one of the Beatles , with George Harrison and Paul McCartney being the most heavily represented on the album .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e65ab0155d8891a8ce28d53727bc62e4",
"text": "And Then... Along Comes the Association And Then ... Along Comes the Association is the debut studio album by the American sunshine pop band the Association , and was released on Valiant Records , in July 1966 ( see 1966 in music ) . It became one of the top selling LPs in America , peaking at number five , and remains the Association 's most successful album release , with the exception of their Greatest Hits compilation . The album 's success was primarily credited to the inclusion of their two U.S. hits `` Along Comes Mary '' and `` Cherish '' , which peaked at number seven and number one respectively on the Billboard Hot 100 , and were among the most-played songs on AM radio in 1966 . The album was preceded by a few non-LP singles as the Association struggled to establish themselves a commercial presence . Moving from the Jubilee record label to Valiant Records , the group released a cover version of Bob Dylan 's `` One Too Many Mornings '' , which received attention from Curt Boettcher . Boettcher , who had previously worked with the folk rock group The GoldeBriars , and demoed `` Along Comes Mary '' with lead guitarist Jules Alexander , was brought in by the group to steer the Association in a pop rock musical direction . Aside from `` Along Comes Mary '' , the sessions with Boettcher provided the band with the song 's B-side , `` Your Own Love '' , and two other tracks that are featured on the album `` Remember '' and `` I 'll Be Your Man '' . The Association yielded some of the instrumental playing on And Then ... Along Comes the Association to top L.A. session musicians , including guitarist Mike Deasy ( who would continue to play on other Association albums ) , bassist Jerry Scheff , and percussionists Jim Troxel and Toxey French . And Then ... Along Comes the Association saw the group experiment with luscious vocal harmonies that anticipated the musical textures of Bottecher 's later groups the Millennium and Sagittarius . In addition , the album incorporated a wide-assortment of influences , including folk rock , psychedelia , Baroque pop , and remains a cornerstone of sunshine pop . Along with the hit singles `` Along Comes Mary '' and `` Cherish '' , notable tracks on the album include the reflective `` Enter the Young '' and the Addrissi brothers ' `` Do n't Blame It on Me '' . The partnership between the Association and Boettcher -- while innovative and commercially successful -- was cut short after Boettcher began to overreach his authority in the group 's musical direction . For their sophomore effort , Renaissance , the Association recruited Jerry Yester to replace Boettcher as producer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ce3bd54251d72e62f130c777e6981136",
"text": "Hear Me Lord `` Hear Me Lord '' is a song by English musician George Harrison , released on his 1970 triple album All Things Must Pass . It appeared as the last track on side four of the original LP format and is generally viewed as the closing song on the album , disc three being the largely instrumental Apple Jam . Harrison wrote `` Hear Me Lord '' in January 1969 while still in the Beatles , but it was passed over for inclusion on what became the band 's final album , Let It Be ( 1970 ) . Musically , the song is in the gospel-rock style , while the lyrics take the form of a personal prayer , in which Harrison seeks help and forgiveness from his deity . Along with `` My Sweet Lord '' , it is among the most overtly religious selections on All Things Must Pass . The recording was co-produced by Phil Spector and features musical contributions from Eric Clapton , Gary Wright , Billy Preston , Bobby Whitlock and other musicians from Delaney & Bonnie 's Friends band . On release , Ben Gerson of Rolling Stone described `` Hear Me Lord '' as the album 's `` big statement '' and a `` majestic plea '' . Harrison performed the song at the Concert for Bangladesh on 1 August 1971 , during the afternoon show only , although the recording has never been issued officially .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "39c514014bd4da9b37a0ee56382c1311",
"text": "Sun Studio Sun Studio is a recording studio opened by rock-and-roll pioneer Sam Phillips at 706 Union Avenue in Memphis , Tennessee , on January 3 , 1950 . It was originally called Memphis Recording Service , sharing the same building with the Sun Records label business . Reputedly the first rock and roll single , Jackie Brenston and his Delta Cats ' `` Rocket 88 '' was recorded there in 1951 with song composer Ike Turner on keyboards , leading the studio to claim status as the birthplace of rock & roll . Blues and R&B artists like Howlin ' Wolf , Junior Parker , Little Milton , B.B. King , James Cotton , Rufus Thomas , and Rosco Gordon recorded there in the early 1950s . Rock and roll , country music , and rockabilly artists , including Johnny Cash , Elvis Presley , Carl Perkins , Roy Orbison , Charlie Feathers , Ray Harris , Warren Smith , Charlie Rich , and Jerry Lee Lewis , recorded there throughout the mid-to-late 1950s until the studio outgrew its Union Avenue location . Sam Phillips opened the larger Sam C. Phillips Recording Studio , better known as Phillips Recording , in 1959 to replace the older facility . Since Phillips had invested in the Holiday Inn Hotel chain earlier , he also recorded artists starting in 1963 on the label Holiday Inn Records for Kemmons Wilson . In 1957 , Bill Justis recorded his Grammy Hall of Fame song `` Raunchy '' for Sam Phillips and worked as a musical director at Sun Records . In 1969 , Sam Phillips sold the label to Shelby Singleton , and there was no recording-related or label-related activity again in the building until the September 1985 Class of '55 recording sessions with Carl Perkins , Roy Orbison , Jerry Lee Lewis , and Johnny Cash , produced by Chips Moman . In 1987 , the original building housing the Sun Records label and Memphis Recording Service was reopened by Gary Hardy as `` Sun Studio , '' a recording label and tourist attraction that has attracted many notable artists , such as U2 , Def Leppard , Bonnie Raitt , and Ringo Starr . In 2005 , Brian Setzer ( of Stray Cats fame ) released his Rockabilly Riot Vol . 1 : A Tribute To Sun Records album . Although not recorded at Sun it did feature various Sun Records recordings including some hits and other more obscure songs . In 2007 , Canadian rockabilly band the Kingmakers recorded a selection of originals and classics such as Elvis Presley 's `` That 's All Right '' at Sun Studio , released as their first CD `` Live at SUN Studio '' . In May 2009 , Canadian blues artist JW-Jones recorded with blues legend Hubert Sumlin , Larry Taylor and Richard Innes for his 2010 release at the studio . In July 2009 , John Mellencamp recorded nine songs for his album No Better Than This at the studio . In 2011 , Chris Isaak released `` Beyond the Sun , '' a collection of songs recorded at Sun Studio , most of which are cover versions of songs originally released on Sun Records .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ff0db66024ddcf8bc7a58327af2ab1d1",
"text": "From Elvis in Memphis From Elvis in Memphis is the fifteenth studio album by American rock and roll singer Elvis Presley , released on RCA Records . It was recorded at American Sound Studio in Memphis in January and February 1969 under the direction of producer Chips Moman and backed by its house band , informally known as `` The Memphis Boys '' . Following the success of Presley 's 1968 Christmas television special and its soundtrack , the album marked Presley 's return to non-soundtrack albums after the completion of his film contract with Paramount Pictures . Presley 's entourage convinced him to leave the RCA studios and record this album at American Sound , a new Memphis studio at the peak of a hit-producing streak . The reason for going to Moman 's studio was for the soul sound of the house band , ` the Memphis Boys ' . The predominance of country songs among those recorded in these sessions gives them the feel of the `` country soul '' style . This impression is emphasized by the frequent use of the dobro in the arrangements . In any case , the Memphis Boys have a solidly southern soul sound . From Elvis in Memphis was released in June 1969 to favorable reviews . The album peaked at number 13 on the Billboard 200 , number two on the country charts and number one in the United Kingdom , and its single `` In the Ghetto '' reached number three on the Billboard Hot 100 . The album was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America in 1970 . In later years , it garnered further favorable reviews , while it was ranked number 190 on Rolling Stone magazine 's 2003 list of the 500 greatest albums of all time .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b1ecfcd375ad756ea4832acf5761f00b",
"text": "The Complete Studio Recordings (Led Zeppelin album) The Complete Studio Recordings is a ten compact disc box set by the English rock group Led Zeppelin , released by Atlantic Records on 24 September 1993 . It contains all nine of the original Led Zeppelin studio albums digitally remastered , and an expanded version of Coda . The albums are placed in chronological order with the exception of Presence which appears between Houses of the Holy and Physical Graffiti . The intention was to have the latter in one two-disc-sleeve . The set 's version of Coda included some of the previously unreleased tracks that had surfaced on the box set series : `` Baby Come On Home '' , `` Travelling Riverside Blues '' , `` White Summer/Black Mountain Side '' , and `` Hey , Hey , What Can I Do '' . In 2007 , when the Led Zeppelin catalog was released to digital stores , the expanded track list for Coda was used , but omitted `` Travelling Riverside Blues '' because of its inclusion with BBC Sessions . The set also includes a booklet featuring an extended essay by rock journalist Cameron Crowe and photos of the band . The album cover depicts the inside structure of a zeppelin . This title has been discontinued just prior to the launch of Mothership , and is now superseded by the Definitive Collection Mini LP Replica CD Boxset , which was released in September 2008 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2fd5bbaf5fbc439f8eebf227852ede5f",
"text": "Bron-Yr-Aur (instrumental) `` Bron-Yr-Aur '' ( -LSB- brɔn.ər.aɪr -RSB- ) is an acoustic guitar instrumental by English rock band Led Zeppelin . It is their second song to reference Bron-Yr-Aur , a rural retreat in Wales where Jimmy Page and Robert Plant wrote much of Led Zeppelin III . At two minutes and six seconds in duration , is the group 's shortest studio recording . Bron-Yr-Aur was a holiday cottage used by Plant 's parents near the village of Furnace in North Ceredigion , Wales . Page and Plant spent time there after their Spring 1970 North American Tour , preparing for a follow-up album to Led Zeppelin II . The instrumental is a reflective and relaxed piece , and one of the last acoustic tunes released by the band . Page uses an open C6 tuning , played on a 1971 Martin D-28 . `` Poor Tom '' and `` Friends '' also use this tuning . As a solo piece , Page receives the sole writer 's credit . Writer Mick Wall notes in his biography When Giants Walked the Earth that it was recorded during `` the original June 1970 Basing Street -LSB- Island Records Basing Street Studios -RSB- sessions for the third album . '' However , it does not appear on Led Zeppelin III , although the album includes a country music-inspired song with Plant 's vocal titled `` Bron-Y-Aur Stomp '' . When preparing their sixth album , Physical Graffiti , in 1975 , several songs recorded during sessions for earlier albums were chosen ; `` Bron-Yr-Aur '' was the oldest of the recordings to be selected .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "49cb0951e45c8ed8e6a5daa504cc9305",
"text": "My Aim Is True My Aim Is True is the debut album by English singer-songwriter Elvis Costello . The album was recorded at Pathway Studios in Highbury , London Borough of Islington , over the course of 1976 during late-night studio sessions , in a total of approximately twenty-four hours . It was the first of five consecutive Costello albums produced by Nick Lowe and cost # 2,000 to record . The backing band was made up of members of Clover , but they were uncredited on the original release due to contractual difficulties ; some early publicity for the album identified the backing band as `` The Shamrocks '' . In 1977 Rolling Stone magazine named the album one of the best of the year . In 2003 , the TV network VH1 named My Aim Is True the 80th greatest album of all time . In 2003 , the album was ranked number 168 on Rolling Stone magazine 's list of The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time . In 2004 , it was ranked 37 of the top 100 albums of the 1970s by Pitchfork which reported the album to be `` held by many as the most impressive debut in pop music history . '' In 2007 , the album was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
599ef0b3b63d9937aaaffc1d71e8ad9b
|
Charles, Prince of Wales has sought to raise world awareness of the dangers facing the natural environment, such as climate change.
|
[
{
"docid": "774d32a9ca141667065272f45aaac608",
"text": "Charles, Prince of Wales Charles , Prince of Wales ( Charles Philip Arthur George ; born 14 November 1948 ) is the eldest child and heir apparent of Queen Elizabeth II . Known alternatively in South West England as Duke of Cornwall and in Scotland as Duke of Rothesay , he is the longest-serving heir apparent in British history , having held the position since 1952 . He is also the oldest person to be next in line to the throne since Sophia of Hanover ( the heir presumptive to Queen Anne ) , who died in 1714 at the age of 83 . Charles was born at Buckingham Palace as the first grandchild of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth . He was educated at Cheam and Gordonstoun Schools , which his father , Prince Philip , Duke of Edinburgh , had attended as a child , as well as the Timbertop campus of Geelong Grammar School in Victoria , Australia . After earning a bachelor of arts degree from Trinity College , Cambridge , Charles served in the Royal Navy from 1971 to 1976 . In 1981 , he married Lady Diana Spencer and they had two sons : Prince William ( born 1982 ) later to become Duke of Cambridge , and Prince Harry ( born 1984 ) . In 1996 , the couple divorced , following well-publicised extramarital affairs . Diana died in a car crash in Paris the following year . In 2005 , Charles married Camilla Parker Bowles . Charles 's interests encompass a range of humanitarian and social issues : he founded The Prince 's Trust in 1976 , sponsors The Prince 's Charities , and is patron of numerous other charitable and arts organisations . Charles has long championed organic farming for which he established the Duchy Home Farm , run by the Duchy of Cornwall , which produces ingredients for the Duchy Originals brand which he founded in 1990 . Charles has sought to raise world awareness of the dangers facing the natural environment , such as climate change . As an environmentalist , he has received numerous awards and recognition from environmental groups around the world . His support for alternative medicine , including homeopathy , has been criticised by some in the medical community . He has been outspoken on the role of architecture in society and the conservation of historic buildings . Subsequently , Charles created Poundbury , an experimental new town based on his theories , in Dorset in 1993 . He has authored a number of books , including A Vision of Britain : A Personal View of Architecture in 1989 and the children 's book The Old Man of Lochnagar in 1980 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "ca19c019b8cae94e0ca3ffd398931eb5",
"text": "Climate change denial Climate change denial , or global warming denial , is part of the global warming controversy . It involves denial , dismissal , unwarranted doubt or contrarian views which strongly depart from the scientific opinion on climate change , including the extent to which it is caused by humans , its impacts on nature and human society , or the potential of adaptation to global warming by human actions . Some deniers do endorse the term , but others often prefer the term climate change skepticism , although this is a misnomer for those who deny anthropogenic global warming . In effect , the two terms form a continuous , overlapping range of views , and generally have the same characteristics : both reject , to a greater or lesser extent , mainstream scientific opinion on climate change . Climate change denial can also be implicit , when individuals or social groups accept the science but fail to come to terms with it or to translate their acceptance into action . Several social science studies have analyzed these positions as forms of denialism . Campaigning to undermine public trust in climate science has been described as a `` denial machine '' of industrial , political and ideological interests , supported by conservative media and skeptical bloggers in manufacturing uncertainty about global warming . In the public debate , phrases such as climate skepticism have frequently been used with the same meaning as climate denialism . The labels are contested : those actively challenging climate science commonly describe themselves as `` skeptics '' , but many do not comply with common standards of scientific skepticism and , regardless of evidence , persistently deny the validity of human caused global warming . Although scientific opinion on climate change is that human activity is extremely likely to be the primary driver of climate change , the politics of global warming have been affected by climate change denial , hindering efforts to prevent climate change and adapt to the warming climate . Those promoting denial commonly use rhetorical tactics to give the appearance of a scientific controversy where there is none . Of the world 's countries , the climate change denial industry is most powerful in the United States . Since January 2015 , the United States Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works has been chaired by oil lobbyist and climate change denier Jim Inhofe . Inhofe is notorious for having called climate change `` the greatest hoax ever perpetrated against the American people '' and for having claimed to have debunked the alleged hoax in February 2015 when he brought a snowball with him in the Senate chamber and tossed it across the floor . Organised campaigning to undermine public trust in climate science is associated with conservative economic policies and backed by industrial interests opposed to the regulation of emissions . Climate change denial has been associated with the fossil fuels lobby , the Koch brothers , industry advocates and libertarian think tanks , often in the United States . More than 90 % of papers sceptical on climate change originate from right-wing think tanks . The total annual income of these climate change counter-movement-organizations is roughly $ 900 million . Between 2002 and 2010 , nearly $ 120 million ( # 77 million ) was anonymously donated via the Donors Trust and Donors Capital Fund to more than 100 organisations seeking to undermine the public perception of the science on climate change . In 2013 the Center for Media and Democracy reported that the State Policy Network ( SPN ) , an umbrella group of 64 U.S. think tanks , had been lobbying on behalf of major corporations and conservative donors to oppose climate change regulation . Since the late 1970s , oil companies have published research broadly in line with the standard views on global warming . Despite this , oil companies organized a climate change denial campaign to disseminate public disinformation for several decades , a strategy that has been compared to the organized denial of the hazards of tobacco smoking by tobacco companies .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4e97e531d8e65825f2ac329ae20c783d",
"text": "The Prince's Trust The Prince 's Trust is a charity in the United Kingdom founded in 1976 by Charles , Prince of Wales , and Frederick John Pervin to help young people . They run a range of training programmes , provide mentoring support and offer financial grants to build the confidence and motivation of disadvantaged young people . Each year they work with about 60,000 young people , with around 80 % moving on to employment , education , training or volunteering . In 1999 , the numerous Trust charities were brought together as The Prince 's Trust and was acknowledged by The Queen at a ceremony in Buckingham Palace where she granted it a Royal Charter . The following year it devolved in Wales , Scotland , Northern Ireland and other English regions but overall control remained in London . The Prince 's Trust fundraising and campaign events are often hosted and feature entertainers from around the world . In April 2011 the youth charity Fairbridge became part of the Trust . The Prince 's Trust is one of the most successful funding organisations in the UK and the UK 's leading youth charity , having helped over 825,000 young people turn their lives around , created 125,000 entrepreneurs and given business support to 395,000 people in the UK . From 2006 to 2016 , its work for the youth has been worth an estimated # 1.4 billion .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8e0a79b54ee62c79b1b2ae7ac86ff471",
"text": "Global warming controversy The global warming controversy concerns the public debate over whether global warming is occurring , how much has occurred in modern times , what has caused it , what its effects will be , whether any action should be taken to curb it , and if so what that action should be . In the scientific literature , there is a strong consensus that global surface temperatures have increased in recent decades and that the trend is caused by human-induced emissions of greenhouse gases . No scientific body of national or international standing disagrees with this view , though a few organizations with members in extractive industries hold non-committal positions . Disputes over the key scientific facts of global warming are more prevalent in the media than in the scientific literature , where such issues are treated as resolved , and such disputes are more prevalent in the United States than globally . Political and popular debate concerning the existence and cause of climate change includes the reasons for the increase seen in the instrumental temperature record , whether the warming trend exceeds normal climatic variations , and whether human activities have contributed significantly to it . Scientists have resolved these questions decisively in favour of the view that the current warming trend exists and is ongoing , that human activity is the cause , and that it is without precedent in at least 2000 years . Public disputes that also reflect scientific debate include estimates of how responsive the climate system might be to any given level of greenhouse gases ( climate sensitivity ) , how global climate change will play out at local and regional scales , and what the consequences of global warming will be . Global warming remains an issue of widespread political debate , often split along party political lines , especially in the United States . Many of the issues that are settled within the scientific community , such as human responsibility for global warming , remain the subject of politically or economically motivated attempts to downplay , dismiss or deny them -- an ideological phenomenon categorised by academics and scientists as climate change denial . The sources of funding for those involved with climate science -- both supporting and opposing mainstream scientific positions -- have been questioned by both sides . There are debates about the best policy responses to the science , their cost-effectiveness and their urgency . Climate scientists , especially in the United States , have reported official and oil-industry pressure to censor or suppress their work and hide scientific data , with directives not to discuss the subject in public communications . Legal cases regarding global warming , its effects , and measures to reduce it have reached American courts . The fossil fuels lobby has been identified as overtly or covertly supporting efforts to undermine or discredit the scientific consensus on global warming .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d9b60411f0c1792d2efd4f2417f0a301",
"text": "Impacts of ocean acidification on the Great Barrier Reef Ocean acidification threatens the Great Barrier Reef by reducing the viability and strength of coral reefs . The Great Barrier Reef , considered one of the seven natural wonders of the world and a biodiversity hotspot , is located in Australia . Similar to other coral reefs , it is experiencing degradation due to ocean acidification . Ocean acidification results from a rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide , which is taken up by the ocean . This process can increase sea surface temperature , decrease aragonite , and lower the pH of the ocean . Calcifying organisms are under risk , due to the resulting lack of aragonite in the water and the decreasing pH. This decreased health of coral reefs , particularly the Great Barrier Reef , can result in reduced biodiversity . Organisms can become stressed due to ocean acidification and the disappearance of healthy coral reefs , such as the Great Barrier Reef , is a loss of habitat for several taxa .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "732bd731c698a975d3c1beb6b2bb7e17",
"text": "Crown Estate The Crown Estate is a collection of lands and holdings in the United Kingdom belonging to the British monarch as a corporation sole , making it the `` Sovereign 's public estate '' , which is neither government property nor part of the monarch 's private estate . As a result of this arrangement , the sovereign is not involved with the management or administration of the estate , exercising only very limited control of its affairs . Instead , the estate 's extensive portfolio is overseen by a semi-independent , incorporated public body headed by the Crown Estate Commissioners , who exercise `` the powers of ownership '' of the estate , although they are not `` owners in their own right '' . The revenues from these hereditary possessions have been placed by the monarch at the disposition of Her Majesty 's Government and thus proceed directly to Her Majesty 's Treasury for the benefit of the British nation . The Crown Estate is formally accountable to the Parliament of the United Kingdom , where it is legally mandated to make an annual report to the sovereign , a copy of which is forwarded to the House of Commons . The Crown Estate is one of the largest property managers in the United Kingdom , overseeing property worth # 12 billion , with urban properties valued at # 9.1 billion representing the majority of the estate by value . These include a large number of properties in central London , but the estate also controls 792000 ha of agricultural land and forest , more than half of the UK 's foreshore , and retains various other traditional holdings and rights , including Ascot Racecourse and Windsor Great Park . Naturally occurring gold and silver in the UK , collectively known as `` Mines Royal '' , are managed by The Crown Estate and leased to mining operators . Historically , Crown Estate properties were administered by the reigning monarch to help fund the business of governing the country . However , in 1760 , George III surrendered control over the Estate 's revenues to the treasury , thus relieving him of the responsibility of personally paying for the costs of the civil service , defence costs , the national debt , and his own personal debts . In return , he received an annual grant known as the Civil list . By tradition , each subsequent monarch agreed to this arrangement upon his or her accession . However , from 1 April 2012 , under the terms of the Sovereign Grant Act 2011 ( SSG ) , the Civil List was abolished and the monarch was thenceforth provided with a stable source of revenue indexed to a percentage of the Crown Estate 's annual net revenue ( currently set at 15 % ) . This was intended to provide a long-term solution and remove the politically sensitive issue of Parliament having to debate the Civil List allowance every ten years . Subsequently , the Sovereign Grant Act allows for all future monarchs to simply extend these provisions for their reigns by Order in Council . The act does not imply any legal change on the nature of the estate 's ownership , but is simply a benchmark by which the sovereign grant is set as a grant by Parliament .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9ce58e1d2e2f19bca7b218cff3bce479",
"text": "Carbon tax A carbon tax is a tax levied on the carbon content of fuels . It is a form of carbon pricing . Carbon is present in every hydrocarbon fuel ( coal , petroleum , and natural gas ) and converted to carbon dioxide and other products when combusted . In contrast , non-combustion energy sources -- wind , sunlight , geothermal , hydropower , and nuclear -- do not convert hydrocarbons to . is a heat-trapping `` greenhouse '' gas which represents a negative externality on the climate system ( see scientific opinion on global warming ) . Since GHG emissions caused by the combustion of fossil fuels are closely related to the carbon content of the respective fuels , a tax on these emissions can be levied by taxing the carbon content of fossil fuels at any point in the product cycle of the fuel . Carbon tax offers social and economic benefits . It is a tax that increases revenue without significantly altering the economy while simultaneously promoting objectives of climate change policy . The objective of a carbon tax is to reduce the harmful and unfavorable levels of carbon dioxide emissions , thereby decelerating climate change and its negative effects on the environment and human health . Carbon taxes offer a potentially cost-effective means of reducing greenhouse gas emissions . From an economic perspective , carbon taxes are a type of Pigovian tax . They help to address the problem of emitters of greenhouse gases not facing the full social cost of their actions . Carbon taxes can be a regressive tax , in that they may directly or indirectly affect low-income groups disproportionately . The regressive impact of carbon taxes could be addressed by using tax revenues to favour low-income groups . A number of countries have implemented carbon taxes or energy taxes that are related to carbon content . Most environmentally related taxes with implications for greenhouse gas emissions in OECD countries are levied on energy products and motor vehicles , rather than on emissions directly . Opposition to increased environmental regulation such as carbon taxes often centers on concerns that firms might relocate and/or people might lose their jobs . It has been argued , however , that carbon taxes are more efficient than direct regulation and may even lead to higher employment ( see footnotes ) . Many large users of carbon resources in electricity generation , such as the United States , Russia , and China , are resisting carbon taxation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1b732bd020a31d85d3432720cb93f645",
"text": "Eco-sufficiency Eco-sufficiency requires a reduction of the level of production/consumption in those parts of the world with the highest standards of living beyond reducing the use of natural resources as well as waste and emissions per unit of production/consumption ( = decoupling/delinking ) . Given a very loose relation in rich countries between material wealth , GDP and human well-being , this might be possible even without reducing the latter , while , for example , increasing leisure and non-material activities for well-being . There are potentials to reduce substantially the use of natural resources without compromising human wealth . However , many studies show that economic growth `` eats up '' these gains at least partially : if the economy grows by 2 % per annum we need an increasing resource productivity by 4 % in order to achieve a 2 % reduction of the absolute resource use . While eco-efficiency aims to improve the effectiveness of material , energy , and land use , eco-sufficiency aims at reducing negative environmental consequences through a reduction of the demand for consumer goods . Eco-sufficiency is closely related to issues of quality of life and work-life balance . It can to some extent be achieved on the individual level , e.g. through energy savings , reduction of transport and change in diets ( less meat ) . However , it also requires a change in social frameworks , provided on the national or European level , including measures such as environmental taxes , environmental planning and new concepts of labour . Eco-sufficiency is largely associated with the idea of altruism -- the sober lifestyle adopted by its advocates is a manifestation of their concern for the well-being of future generations -- and thus to date is endorsed by only a small minority of members of industrialised societies . A wide spread of eco-sufficiency will only occur , if people find the new lifestyles sufficiently attractive . It needs to be shown that less material wealth can bring increased well-being or happiness to individuals and societies . For example , it has been shown that downsizing or relocating consumers can be motivated by purely selfish reasons such as improving one 's health , avoiding stress , the nostalgia for a `` good old time '' and so on . An important aspect here is related to the so-called work-and-spend cycle . If leisure and forms of work other than employment ( incl . self-employment ) , such as caring , do it yourself and community work gain relevance , income - and therefore consumption - would be reduced .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b8fac626c77fa67673910c1ca18bf75a",
"text": "Environmental science Environmental science is an interdisciplinary academic field that integrates physical , biological and information sciences ( including ecology , biology , physics , chemistry , zoology , mineralogy , oceanology , limnology , soil science , geology , atmospheric science , and geodesy ) to the study of the environment , and the solution of environmental problems . Environmental science emerged from the fields of natural history and medicine during the Enlightenment . Today it provides an integrated , quantitative , and interdisciplinary approach to the study of environmental systems . Related areas of study include environmental studies and environmental engineering . Environmental studies incorporates more of the social sciences for understanding human relationships , perceptions and policies towards the environment . Environmental engineering focuses on design and technology for improving environmental quality in every aspect . Environmental scientists work on subjects like the understanding of earth processes , evaluating alternative energy systems , pollution control and mitigation , natural resource management , and the effects of global climate change . Environmental issues almost always include an interaction of physical , chemical , and biological processes . Environmental scientists bring a systems approach to the analysis of environmental problems . Key elements of an effective environmental scientist include the ability to relate space , and time relationships as well as quantitative analysis . Environmental science came alive as a substantive , active field of scientific investigation in the 1960s and 1970s driven by ( a ) the need for a multi-disciplinary approach to analyze complex environmental problems , ( b ) the arrival of substantive environmental laws requiring specific environmental protocols of investigation and ( c ) the growing public awareness of a need for action in addressing environmental problems . Events that spurred this development included the publication of Rachel Carson 's landmark environmental book Silent Spring along with major environmental issues becoming very public , such as the 1969 Santa Barbara oil spill , and the Cuyahoga River of Cleveland , Ohio , `` catching fire '' ( also in 1969 ) , and helped increase the visibility of environmental issues and create this new field of study .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d4d218c8b1078ffac5b549a6c613f9fc",
"text": "The Real Global Warming Disaster The Real Global Warming Disaster ( Is the Obsession with ` Climate Change ' Turning Out to Be the Most Costly Scientific Blunder in History ? ) is a 2009 book by English journalist and author Christopher Booker in which he asserts that global warming can not be attributed to humans , and then alleges how the scientific opinion on climate change was formulated . From a standpoint of environmental scepticism , Booker seeks to combine an analysis of the science of global warming with the consequences of political decisions to reduce emissions and claims that , as governments prepare to make radical changes in energy policies , the scientific evidence for global warming is becoming increasingly challenged . He asserts that global warming is not supported by a significant number of climate scientists , and criticises how the UN 's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change ( IPCC ) presents evidence and data , in particular citing its reliance on potentially inaccurate global climate models to make temperature projections . Booker concludes , `` it begins to look very possible that the nightmare vision of our planet being doomed '' may be imaginary , and that , if so , `` it will turn out to be one of the most expensive , destructive , and foolish mistakes the human race has ever made '' . The book 's claims were strongly criticised by science writer Philip Ball , but the book was praised by several columnists . The book opens with an erroneous quotation , which Booker subsequently acknowledged and promised to correct in future editions . The book was Amazon UK 's fourth bestselling environment book of the decade 2000 -- 10 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cc5dc45d7c1b4e24d3548ad4af220b74",
"text": "Carbon leakage Carbon leakage occurs when there is an increase in carbon dioxide emissions in one country as a result of an emissions reduction by a second country with a strict climate policy . Carbon leakage may occur for a number of reasons : if the emissions policy of a country raises local costs , then another country with a more relaxed policy may have a trading advantage . If demand for these goods remains the same , production may move offshore to the cheaper country with lower standards , and global emissions will not be reduced . if environmental policies in one country add a premium to certain fuels or commodities , then the demand may decline and their price may fall . Countries that do not place a premium on those items may then take up the demand and use the same supply , negating any benefit . There is no consensus over the magnitude of long-term leakage effects . This is important for the problem of climate change . Carbon leakage is one type of spill-over effect . Spill-over effects can be positive or negative ; for example , emission reductions policy might lead to technological developments that aid reductions outside of the policy area . `` Carbon leakage is defined as the increase in emissions outside the countries taking domestic mitigation action divided by the reduction in the emissions of these countries . '' It is expressed as a percentage , and can be greater or less than 100 % . Carbon leakage may occur through changes in trading patterns , and that is sometimes measured as the balance of emissions embodied in trade ( BEET ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c5450c60cbb07f9c633d35c23c012f61",
"text": "Sustainability accounting Sustainability accounting ( also known as social accounting , social and environmental accounting , corporate social reporting , corporate social responsibility reporting , or non-financial reporting ) was originated about 20 years ago and is considered a subcategory of financial accounting that focus on the disclosure of non-financial information about a firm 's performance to external parties such as capital holders , mainly to stakeholders , creditors and other authorities . These represent the activities that have a direct impact on society , environment , and economic performance of an organisation . Sustainability accounting in managerial accounting contrasts with financial accounting in that managerial accounting is used for internal decision making and the creation of new policies that will have an effect on the organisation 's performance at economic , ecological , and social ( known as the triple bottom line or Triple-P 's ; People , Planet , Profit ) level . The topic is fairly new and being led in Europe . Sustainability Accounting is a tool used by organisations to become more sustainable . The most known widely used measurements are the Corporate Sustainability Reporting and the triple bottom line accounting . These recognise the role of financial information and shows how traditional accounting is extended by improving transparency and accountability by reporting on the Triple-P 's . As a result of the triple bottom level reporting , and in order to render and guarantee consistency in social and environmental information the GRI ( Global Reporting Initiative ) , was established with the goal to provide guidelines to organisations reporting on sustainability . In some countries guidelines were developed to complement the GRI . The GRI states that `` reporting on economic , environmental and social performance by all organizations is as routine and comparable as financial reporting '' . In order to help finance teams and accountants embed sustainability into their accounting , The Prince of Wales set up The Prince 's Accounting for Sustainability Project ( A4S ) in 2004 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8276569f80d187d88fc62b671a234f29",
"text": "Green World Green World is a literary concept defined by critic Northrop Frye in The Anatomy of Criticism . In some comedies by William Shakespeare , the main characters escape the order of a city for a forested and wild setting adjacent to the city . This natural environment is often described as a green world . It is in this more loosely structured , fantastic environment that issues surrounding social order , romantic relationships , and inter-generational strife , which are a prominent part of the `` city world '' , become resolved , facilitating a return to the normal order . Recent literary critics drawn to ecocriticism have occasionally found the concept valuable to their work as well .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f4600a1a9fdcfdbc91baf82502092f15",
"text": "Natural landscape A natural landscape is the original landscape that exists before it is acted upon by human culture . `` The area prior to the introduction of man 's activity is represented by one body of morphologic facts . The forms that man has introduced are another set . We may call the former , with reference to man , the original , natural landscape . In its entirety it no longer exists in many parts of the world , but its reconstruction and understanding are the first part of formal morphonology . '' Carl O. Sauer , `` The Morphology of Landscape '' . University of California Publications in Geography , vol . 2 , No. 2 , 12 October 1925 , p. 37 . The natural landscape and the cultural landscape are separate parts of the landscape . `` The cultural landscape is fashioned from a natural landscape by a culture group . Culture is the agent , the natural area is the medium , the cultural landscape the result . '' Carl O. Sauer , `` The Morphology of Landscape '' , p. 46 . However , in the twenty-first century landscapes that are totally untouched by human activity no longer exist , so that reference is sometimes now made to degrees of naturalness within a landscape.The European Environment Agency 's planned forest naturalness index is an example of an attempt to define one type of natural landscape in Europe . The Agency lists forests in three categories : ( 1 ) Plantations ; ( 2 ) Semi-natural ; and ( 3 ) Naturally dynamic . The latter are `` forests whose structure , composition and function have been shaped by natural dynamics without substantial anthropogenic influence over a long period of time '' . In Silent Spring ( 1962 ) Rachel Carson describes a roadside verge as it used to look : `` Along the roads , laurel , viburnum and alder , great ferns and wildflowers delighted the traveler 's eye through much of the year '' and then how it looks now following the use of herbicides : `` The roadsides , once so attractive , were now lined with browned and withered vegetation as though swept by fire '' . Even though the landscape before it is sprayed is biologically degraded , and may well contains alien species , the concept of what might constitute a natural landscape can still be deduced from the context . The phrase `` natural landscape '' was first used in connection with landscape painting , and landscape gardening , to contrast a formal style with a more natural one , closer to nature . Alexander von Humboldt ( 1769 -- 1859 ) was to further conceptualize this into the idea of a natural landscape separate from the cultural landscape . Then in 1908 geographer Otto Schlüter developed the terms original landscape ( Urlandschaft ) and its opposite cultural landscape ( Kulturlandschaft ) in an attempt to give the science of geography a subject matter that was different from the other sciences . An early use of the actual phrase `` natural landscape '' by a geographer can be found in Carl O. Sauer 's paper `` The Morphology of Landscape '' ( 1925 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "45b058561ea9150d6f24c715bf2eeaa3",
"text": "Crown dependencies The Crown dependencies are the Isle of Man in the Irish Sea , and the Bailiwicks of Jersey and Guernsey in the English Channel . They are independently administered jurisdictions , and do not form part of either the United Kingdom or the British Overseas Territories . They are self-governing possessions of the Crown ( defined uniquely in each jurisdiction ) . Internationally , the dependencies are considered `` territories for which the United Kingdom is responsible '' , rather than sovereign states . As a result , they are not member states of the Commonwealth of Nations . However , they do have relationships with the Commonwealth , the European Union , and other international organisations , and are members of the British -- Irish Council . They have their own teams in the Commonwealth Games . They are not part of the European Union ( EU ) , although they are within the EU 's customs area . As the Crown dependencies are not sovereign states , the power to pass legislation affecting the islands ultimately rests with the government of the United Kingdom . However they each have their own legislative assemblies , with the power to legislate on many local matters with the assent of the Crown ( Privy Council , or in the case of the Isle of Man in certain circumstances the Lieutenant-Governor ) . In each case , the head of government is referred to as the Chief Minister .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "78ea6dd9287f24c0855296115377c03b",
"text": "Ecological self Ecological self is central to the school of Experiential Deep Ecology , which , based on the work of Norwegian philosopher Arne Næss , argues that through the process of self-actualisation , one transcends the nations of the individuated `` egoic '' self and arrives at a position of an ecological self . So long as one is working within the narrower concept of self , Næss argues , environmentally responsible behaviour is a form of altruism , a `` doing good for the other '' , which historically has been a precarious ethical basis , usually involved in exhorting others to `` be good '' . Næss argues that in his Ecosophy , the enlargement of the ego-self to the eco-self results in environmentally responsible behaviour as a form of self-interest . Warwick Fox argued that Næss 's philosophy was based upon a variety of `` transpersonal ecology '' in which self-interest was firmly embedded within the interest of the ecommunity ecosphere of which the self was eternally embedded As deep ecologist John Seed has stated , `` Deep ecology critiques the idea that we are the crown of creation , the measure of all being : that the world is a pyramid with humanity rightly on top , merely a resource , and that nature has instrumental value only '' . The concept of the Ecological Self goes beyond anthropocentrism , which , by contrast locates human concerns as the exclusive source of all value . It draws upon the Land Ethic of Aldo Leopold . Leopold argued that within conventional ethics , the land itself was considered only as property , occupying a role analogous to slavery in earlier societies that permitted the ownership of people . By comparison a land ethic enlarges the boundary of moral concern to include `` soils , waters , plants , and animals , or collectively : the land '' . The basis of such a non-anthropocentric ethic , according to Leopold was that `` A thing is right when it tends to preserve the integrity , stability , and beauty of the biotic community . It is wrong when it tends otherwise . '' Like Thomas Berry and Brian Swimme , ecological philosopher Freya Mathews argues that in considering the ecological self , we need to look beyond the present to the `` deep time '' of ages past , in the evolution of life and the creation of the cosmos , in order to consider the real roots of human consciousness . Experiential deep ecologist Joanna Macy speaks of the Ecological Self in her book `` World as Lover , World as Self '' , and uses the concept in her work on `` Deep Time '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a2bea8dfd8b249f125bf9dd1bd95d537",
"text": "P8 Group The P8 Group brings together senior leaders from some of the world 's largest public pension funds to develop actions relating to global issues and particularly climate change . It is an initiative of the Cambridge Programme for Sustainability Leadership ( CPSL ) and HRH Prince of Wales 's Business and Environment Programme ( BEP ) supported by the Environmental Capital Group ( ECG ) and the Nand & Jeet Khemka Foundation . The P8 Group involves ten leading global pension funds and sovereign wealth funds , including representatives from Europe , Asia , Australasia and North America . They represent over $ 3 trillion of investment capital and as pension funds have an inherently long term focus . In November 2007 the first P8 Summit was held . This brought together leaders from eight of the world 's largest public pension funds with key experts including Vice President Al Gore and HRH Prince of Wales . The P8 Summit was a critical start in getting pension funds to lead in the move toward a low carbon economy . Participants agreed to continue working together to address climate change , both within their organizations and as a group to influence policy and markets . The group , at this point 10 pension funds , met again in July 2008 to further develop their strategy . At this meeting HRH Prince of Wales welcomed their continued `` determination to put substantial money into investments that address climate change . '' This organisation has now disbanded , and was replaced in 2010 by the P80 Group Foundation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fe8384bb660d55a69788f69ddda5ffc5",
"text": "Global Change Research Act of 1990 The Global Change Research Act 1990 is a United States law requiring research into global warming and related issues . It requires a report to Congress every four years on the environmental , economic , health and safety consequences of climate change . According to a summary by the Congressional Research Service , the Act : `` Directs the President , through the Federal Coordinating Council on Science , Engineering , and Technology ( Council ) , to establish the Committee on Earth and Environmental Sciences to carry out Council functions under specified provisions of the National Science and Technology Policy , Organization , and Priorities Act of 1976 relating to global change research , to increase the effectiveness and productivity of Federal global change research efforts . Directs the President to establish an interagency United States Global Change Research Program to improve understanding of global change . Requires the Chairman of the Council , through the Committee , to develop a National Global Change Research Plan for implementation of the Program . Sets forth required Plan contents and research elements , including that the Plan provide recommendations for collaboration within the Federal Government and among nations . Requires the Chairman to enter into an agreement with the National Research Council to : ( 1 ) evaluate the scientific content of the Plan ; and ( 2 ) provide information and advice and recommended priorities for future global change research . Requires the Committee to provide general guidance each year to each Federal agency or department participating in the Program with respect to preparation of requests for appropriations related to the Program . Requires the Council , at least every four years , through the Committee , to submit to the President and the Congress an assessment regarding the findings of the Program and associated uncertainties , the effects of global change , and current and major long-term trends in global change . Requires that the research findings of the Committee and of Federal agencies and departments be made available to the Environmental Protection Agency and all Federal agencies and departments . Title II : International Cooperation in Global Change Research - International Cooperation in Global Change Research Act of 1990 - Declares that the President should direct the Secretary of State to initiate discussions with other nations on : ( 1 ) international agreements to coordinate global change research ; and ( 2 ) an international research protocol for cooperation on the development of energy technologies which have minimally adverse effects on the environment . Directs the President to establish an Office of Global Change Research Information to disseminate to foreign governments and their citizens , businesses , and institutions scientific research useful in preventing , mitigating , or adapting to the effects of global change . Title III : Growth Decision Aid - Directs the Secretary of Commerce to : ( 1 ) conduct a study on the implications of growth and development on urban , suburban , and rural communities ; and ( 2 ) based on the study , produce a decision aid to assist State and local authorities in planning and managing growth and development while preserving community character . '' Following the publication of the first National Climate Assessment Report there were accusations that information was being suppressed , leading to complacency around public works , such as New Orleans flood defences . Greenpeace , the Center for Biological Diversity and Friends of the Earth challenged the delay in federal district court on August 21 , 2007 . A judge ruled that an updated national assessment must be produced by May 31 , 2008 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b74fe7cda306fe9a7ecbf428dceee5cd",
"text": "Global Roundtable on Climate Change The Global Roundtable on Climate Change , convened by the Earth Institute at Columbia University brought together representatives from corporations , research institutions , and government organizations to discuss the scientific consensus , economics , technology , and public policy issues associated with climate change . Following preliminary research and discussions , the group first met in 2005 and held a series of public and private meetings over the next five year . The Roundtable had five objectives : Improve global consensus on the science , technology , economics , and policy issues of anthropogenic climate change . Review technology and policy proposals for mitigating climate change while meeting global energy demand . Support research and prototypes of technologies and policies that address climate change . Provide a forum for discussion , analysis , and exchange of ideas from the represented groups . Support proposals and initiatives generated by the Roundtable 's discussions . Participants in the Roundtable meetings : ABB , Air France , Alcan , Alcoa , Alliant Energy , Allianz , American Electric Power , BASF , Bayer , Calvert Group , China Renewable Energy Industry Association , Citigroup , Coalition of Rainforest Nations , Columbia University , Deutsche Telekom , DuPont , Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand , Endesa , Environmental Defense , Eskom , Eni , Exelon , Fairfield University , FPL Group , General Electric , Iberdrola , ING Group , Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change , International Gas Union , Munich Re , National Grid , NRG Energy , Rainforest Alliance , Republic of Iceland , Ricoh , Suntech Power , Swiss Re , Vattenfall , Volvo , World Council on Churches , World Petroleum Council , and many others . The Roundtable was funded by a grant from the Lenfest Foundation . Jeffrey Sachs , Director of the Earth Institute served as Chair . David L. Downie served as Director of the Global Roundtable on Climate Change before leaving the Earth Institute to join Fairfield University . On February 20 , 2007 , the Roundtable released `` The Path to Climate Sustainability : A Joint Statement by the Global Roundtable on Climate Change '' . The Joint Statement outlines a post-Kyoto framework and has been endorsed by over 100 of the Roundtable participating corporations and organizations . The Statement outlines ways to effect change at the levels of policy and industry , particularly in regards to creating sustainable energy systems necessary for achieving economic growth . In addition to its internal discussions , which were aimed at information exchange , education and consensus building , and development of the parthbreaking Joint Statement , Roundtable participants also participated in public forums . For example , David L. Downie organized two side-event panels during sessions of the global climate negotiations that featured presentations by Roundtable Participants , including himself , regarding how businesses and scientists were working together to lower greenhouse gas emissions . David L. Downie also discussed the Roundtable and related issues at other events during the climate negotiations and in other forums",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e275cfef7af2ded76430a55085796af8",
"text": "People's Climate March The People 's Climate March ( PCM ) was a large-scale activist event to advocate global action against climate change , which took place on Sunday , September 21 , 2014 , in New York City , along with a series of companion actions worldwide , many of which also took the name People 's Climate March . With an estimated 311,000 participants , the New York event was the largest climate change march in history . Described as `` an invitation to change everything , '' the march was called in May 2014 by 350 . org , the environmental organization founded by writer/activist Bill McKibben , and it was endorsed by `` over 1,500 organizations , including many international and national unions , churches , schools and community and environmental justice organizations . '' It was conceived as a response to ( but not a protest against ) the scheduled U.N. Climate Summit of world leaders to take place in New York City two days later , on September 23 . Although based in New York , the event was global in scope and implication , with `` companion demonstrations '' worldwide . Organizers intended the march to be `` the largest single event on climate that has been organized to date ... one so large and diverse that it can not be ignored . '' The entire PCM project consisted of `` numerous events , actions , symposia , presentations , and more organized over the course of the days leading up to the Summit , and in the days following , '' of which the march was intended to be `` the anchor event . '' Worldwide , nearly 600,000 people were estimated to have marched on September 21 , including those in New York .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dd4bda00d994085ef8aef568490cb577",
"text": "Civil Society Coalition on Climate Change The Civil Society Coalition on Climate Change ( or CSCCC ) is an entity that maintains a website and describes itself as a global group of non-profit organizations with a mission of `` seek -LSB- ing -RSB- to educate the public about the science and economics of climate change in an impartial manner . '' The Coalition identifies its membership as including 60 independent nonprofit organisations from 40 countries `` who share a commitment to improving public understanding about a range of public policy issues . '' It calls itself `` a free-market alternative to mainstream environmentalism . '' An Indian news media report states that it was founded by the International Policy Network , a London-based organization that receives support from Exxon Mobil . The group publishes background papers and opinion editorials on the science and economics of climate change and maintains a blog . Its Civil Society Report on Climate Change was published in 2007 , shortly before the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change conference in Bali . CSCCC experts make media appearances , such as Julian Morris 's 2007 feature on Larry King Live and his televised debate in 2008 with IPCC head Rajendra Pachauri . This IPN in the UK has Julian Morris as Executive Director . It is actually a part of the Atlas Group/Network ( aka Atlas Economic Research Institute ) which was founded by UK factory-chicken king , Sir Antony Fisher ( one of PM Margaret Thatcher 's economic gurus ) and American Loctite millionaire Richard Krieble . They had funding support from Krieble , Richard Mellon Scaife , and Philip Morris . Fisher is reputed to have had a primary hand in establishing up to 150 libertarian think-tanks around the world . Fisher 's daughter , Linda Whetstone , now works for the ( Fisher-founded ) Adam Smith Institute . She is also the chairperson of the International Policy Network , and is on the Boards of Directors of the Mont Pelerin Society , the Institute of Economic Affairs and the Atlas Group in the USA . Coalitions and networks of this kind a common with Atlas Group think-tanks , and many of their key staff and directors serve on many different organisations . This faux-multiplicity amplifies the apparent strength of the public attacks on climate-change science . See also the Stockholm Network . and",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
c612e9a3326e88bfd992e63577453970
|
Reds was co-written and directed by Warren Beatty.
|
[
{
"docid": "4616dace12242646c58a9f5e57752290",
"text": "Reds (film) Reds is a 1981 American epic drama film co-written , produced and directed by Warren Beatty . The picture centers on the life and career of John Reed , the journalist and writer who chronicled the Russian Revolution in his book Ten Days That Shook the World . Beatty stars in the lead role alongside Diane Keaton as Louise Bryant and Jack Nicholson as Eugene O'Neill . The supporting cast includes Edward Herrmann , Jerzy Kosinski , Paul Sorvino , Maureen Stapleton , Gene Hackman , Ramon Bieri , Nicolas Coster and M. Emmet Walsh . The film also features , as `` witnesses , '' interviews with the 98-year-old radical educator and peace activist Scott Nearing , author Dorothy Frooks , reporter and author George Seldes , civil liberties advocate Roger Baldwin , and the American writer Henry Miller , among others . Beatty was awarded the Academy Award for Best Director and the film was nominated for Best Picture , but lost to Chariots of Fire . Beatty , Keaton , Nicholson and Stapleton were nominated for Best Actor , Best Actress , Best Supporting Actor and Best Supporting Actress , respectively . Stapleton was the only one of the four to win . Beatty was also nominated , along with co-writer Trevor Griffiths , for Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay , but lost to Chariots of Fire . Beatty became the third person to be nominated for Academy Awards in the categories Best Actor , Director and Original Screenplay for a film nominated for Best Picture . In June 2008 , the American Film Institute revealed its `` Ten Top Ten '' -- the best ten films in ten `` classic '' American film genres -- after polling over 1,500 people from the creative community . Reds was acknowledged as the ninth best film in the epic genre .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "74e47255cdc858f93b6c54c9bfcbe9cb",
"text": "LBJ (film) LBJ is a 2017 American political drama film directed by Rob Reiner and written by Joey Hartstone . The film stars Woody Harrelson , Richard Jenkins , Bill Pullman , Kim Allen , Michael Stahl-David , Jennifer Jason Leigh , Jeffrey Donovan , Doug McKeon , and Michael Mosley . Filming began on September 21 , 2015 in New Orleans . It was screened at the 2016 Toronto International Film Festival . On October 12 , 2016 at the 27th edition of the New Orleans Film Festival , Rob Reiner accepted the inaugural Career Achievement Award from LBJ lead actor Woody Harrelson . LBJ made a second film festival showing in less than a month . On May 2 , 2017 , it was announced that Dean Devlin 's Electric Entertainment had acquired all of the film 's North American rights and that the film would be released in 2017 . It was then announced on May 4 that the film would be released in the United States on November 17 , 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "43d620d71d7b0e4dacb7d4d56b59dd9c",
"text": "Grandads-Robbers Grandads-Robbers ( -LSB- Старики́ -- разбо́йники , Stariki-razboyniki -RSB- ) is a 1972 Soviet comedy-drama by Eldar Ryazanov , filmed on Mosfilm .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eee605a901992c845bc1128515f11cd2",
"text": "Giraffes on Horseback Salad Giraffes on Horseback Salad , also called The Surrealist Woman , was a screenplay written in 1937 by Salvador Dalí for the Marx Brothers . It was to be a love story between a Spanish aristocrat named `` Jimmy '' ( to be played by Harpo Marx , with whom Dalí was friends ) and a `` beautiful surrealist woman , whose face is never seen by the audience '' . Dalí considered that the central theme of the film would be `` the continuous struggle between the imaginative life as depicted in the old myths and the practical and rational life of contemporary society '' and hoped that the film score could be written by Cole Porter . The screenplay was never produced ( although Tate Modern curator Matthew Gale has suggested that Dali may have considered an actual production to be beside the point ) ; Harper 's Magazine posits that this was because Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , the Marx Brothers ' studio at the time , considered it to be too surreal ( proposed scenes included gas mask-wearing giraffes on fire , and Harpo Marx using a butterfly net to capture `` the eighteen smallest dwarfs in the city '' ) . Conversely , the Telegraph alleges that Groucho Marx felt that the screenplay just was n't funny . For several years , Giraffes was thought to be lost . In 1991-92 , New York City theater collective Elevator Repair Service produced Marx Brothers on Horseback Salad , combining scenes from an attempted reconstruction of the screenplay ( based partially on having `` watched every Marx Brothers film they could find '' ) with scenes of Dalí 's real-life interactions with Harpo Marx and Susan Fleming . In 1996 , the actual screenplay was found amid Dalí 's personal papers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1db06fcbde440aac6269b4f12ed3032a",
"text": "Red-Headed Woman Red-Headed Woman is a 1932 American pre-Code romantic comedy film , produced by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , based on a novel of the same name by Katherine Brush , and with a screenplay by Anita Loos . It was directed by Jack Conway , and stars Jean Harlow as a woman who uses sex to advance her social position . During the course of the film , Harlow breaks up a marriage , has multiple affairs and pre-marital sex , and attempts to kill a man .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "40ba4ecaac43844eff1bcd5527906104",
"text": "Sunset Boulevard (film) Sunset Boulevard ( stylized onscreen as SUNSET BLVD. ) is a 1950 American film noir directed and co-written by Billy Wilder , and produced and co-written by Charles Brackett . It was named after the boulevard that runs through Los Angeles and Beverly Hills , California . The film stars William Holden as Joe Gillis , an unsuccessful screenwriter , and Gloria Swanson as Norma Desmond , a faded silent film star who draws him into her fantasy world where she dreams of making a triumphant return to the screen , with Erich von Stroheim as Max Von Mayerling , her devoted servant . Nancy Olson , Fred Clark , Lloyd Gough and Jack Webb play supporting roles . Director Cecil B. DeMille and gossip columnist Hedda Hopper play themselves , and the film includes cameo appearances by leading silent film actors Buster Keaton , H. B. Warner and Anna Q. Nilsson . Praised by many critics when first released , Sunset Boulevard was nominated for eleven Academy Awards ( including nominations in all four acting categories ) and won three . Deemed `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' by the U.S. Library of Congress in 1989 , Sunset Boulevard was included in the first group of films selected for preservation in the National Film Registry . In 1998 , it was ranked number twelve on the American Film Institute 's list of the 100 best American films of the 20th century , and in 2007 , it was 16th on their 10th Anniversary list .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7d041684b454d20c8e53301b301d6c94",
"text": "It Happened One Sunday It Happened One Sunday is a 1944 British romantic comedy film directed by Karel Lamac and starring Robert Beatty , Barbara White , Marjorie Rhodes , Kathleen Harrison and Moore Marriott . In the film , an Irish servant girl working in Liverpool mistakenly believes that she has a secret admirer working at a hospital , and while seeking him out accidentally meets and falls in love with a serviceman there . She spends the rest of the day around Liverpool with him and they eventually decide to marry . The film was based on the play She Met Him One Sunday by Victor Skutezky .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bd4db7db265772d5d5f6b63ae6317315",
"text": "Alexander Payne Alexander Payne ( born Constantine Alexander Payne ; February 10 , 1961 ) is an American film director , screenwriter , and producer , known for the films Citizen Ruth ( 1996 ) , Election ( 1999 ) , About Schmidt ( 2002 ) , Sideways ( 2004 ) , The Descendants ( 2011 ) , and Nebraska ( 2013 ) . His films are noted for their dark humor and satirical depictions of contemporary American society . Payne is a two-time winner of the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay , and a three-time nominee of the Academy Award for Best Director .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "83793d9c84228ff30128e682f196de24",
"text": "Miles of Fire Miles of Fire/The Burning Miles ( Огненные вёрсты , translit . Ognennye versty ) is an early Red Western filmed by Samson Samsonov in 1957 . Often considered the earliest of the ` Red Westerns ' ( or ` Osterns ' ) , it was made before the term was coined . The film is a Russian civil war drama , focusing on the conflict between the Reds and the Whites . One-time Mosfilm actor Samsonov had a versatile directorial career prior to The Burning Miles , fresh from an adaptation of Chekhov 's The Grasshopper that won two prizes at the Venice Film Festival . He was later awarded the title of ` People 's Artist of the USSR ' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ff169dd3789a9d2ba269c7d41528cc5f",
"text": "1925 Cincinnati Reds season The 1925 Cincinnati Reds season was a season in American baseball . The team finished third in the National League with a record of 80 -- 73 , 15 games behind the Pittsburgh Pirates .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "529a2833fd30ac65c65f67f2aad31570",
"text": "1976 National League Championship Series The 1976 National League Championship Series faced off the Cincinnati Reds ( known for their nickname at the time , The Big Red Machine ) and the Philadelphia Phillies . The Reds swept the best-of-five series in three games , winning easily in the first two games , and in their last at bat in Game 3 . Stars of the series for the Reds included batters Johnny Bench ( 4 for 12 , HR ) , Dave Concepción ( 4 runs scored ) , George Foster ( 2 H , both home runs ) , Ken Griffey ( 5 for 13 , triple ) , Pete Rose ( 6 for 14 , 2 RBIs , 3 runs scored ) , and pitchers Don Gullett ( win , 8 IP , 2 hits ) , Pedro Borbón ( IP , 0.00 ERA ) , and Pat Zachry ( win , 5 IP , 3 SO ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1428581ffd2b47abe11acccea81a4a50",
"text": "Under Nevada Skies Under Nevada Skies is a 1946 American film starring Roy Rogers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "455b9a4674f77f7ac8ba5044ab44ffbf",
"text": "Cincinnati Reds Radio Network The Cincinnati Bell Reds Radio Network consists of 68 stations ( 52 AM , 16 FM ) in 7 states that air Cincinnati Reds games and related programming . The current primary announcers are Marty Brennaman , Jeff Brantley , and Jim Kelch . Thom Brennaman , Marty 's son , also does occasional radio play-by-play in addition to calling television broadcasts for the Reds on Fox Sports Ohio . Cincinnati Bell has naming rights of the network , while WLW of Cincinnati is the flagship station . All regular season and many spring training games are broadcast .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d1122044907b02f0638dcbf94e5cfd98",
"text": "Noam Friedlander Noam Friedlander is an author , award-winning scriptwriter , playwright , columnist , interviewer and feature writer . She has written 14 non-fiction books on subjects ranging from sport , religion , entertainment and children 's names as well as having over 20 years of experience as a journalist for various broadsheets and magazines . She also writes scripts for TV and worked on the final UK TV series Dream Team , which was on Sky1 , as well as being the Question Writer and working on the production team for the UK version of US show Are You Smarter Than a 5th Grader , which was also shown on Sky1 as Are You Smarter Than a 10-Year Old . In 2015 , Noam was a finalist in The Beverly Hills Film Festival Competition for her script `` The Red '' , which was previously a play performed at the Piven Theater Workshop in Chicago in 2014 under the direction of Joyce Piven . In August 2015 , the script for `` The Red '' received an ` Honorable Mention ' at WilliFest 's Screenplay Competition . ( WilliFest is also known as Brooklyn 's Williamsburg International Film Festival ) . In October 2015 , her script ` The Red ' was the winner of the Screenplay Competition at the San Pedro International Film Festival . In June 2016 , ` The Red ' was a Quarter-Finalist at the Austin Revolution Film Festival . In August 2016 , the script for `` The Red '' was a ` Preliminary Finalist ' at the 2016 Creative World Awards . The same script was also a ` second rounder ' at the Austin Film Festival . Finally , in October 2016 , `` The Red '' was a runner-up at the Denver Film Festival . She is frequently thought to be the son of Rabbi Albert Friedlander . However , she is , in fact , his daughter . Her 2005 book What Is Opus Dei has been translated into several languages and published worldwide . In 2008 , Noam Friedlander was shot in the back by a sniper while walking down the street in Los Angeles and wrote about it for The Guardian . While in LA , Friedlander has been writing extensively for Stella , the Sunday supplement of The Sunday Telegraph interviewing celebrities such as Diane Kruger , Rose Byrne , Chelsea Handler , Kelly Reilly , Amanda Seyfried and Drew Barrymore . In 2015 , she interviewed Salma Hayek for the cover of the deluxe edition of ES magazine ( part of the Evening Standard ) . Due to her prolific writing career , Friedlander is also a member of the Authors Guild , America 's leading advocate for writers ' interests . In 2011 , Friedlander set up a film production company to champion independent films . She has taken part in a number of ` story telling ' shows while living in Los Angeles including Anna David 's show True Tales of Lust and Love and the famed Write Club event at the Bootleg Theater in Los Angeles . In November 2012 , Friedlander 's best-selling biography of Katy Perry was published in both Europe and the United States . Noam supports Queens Park Rangers , the finest team , the world has ever seen .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ce995a128f28a10dae8d99c3c178640d",
"text": "Ben Hecht Ben Hecht -LSB- ˈhɛkt -RSB- ( February 28 , 1894 -- April 18 , 1964 ) was an American screenwriter , director , producer , playwright , journalist and novelist . A journalist in his youth , he went on to write thirty-five books and some of the most entertaining screenplays and plays in America . He received screen credits , alone or in collaboration , for the stories or screenplays of some seventy films . At the age of 16 , Hecht ran away to Chicago , where in his own words he `` haunted streets , whorehouses , police stations , courtrooms , theater stages , jails , saloons , slums , madhouses , fires , murders , riots , banquet halls , and bookshops '' . In the 1910s and early 1920s , Hecht became a noted journalist , foreign correspondent , and literary figure . In the 1920s , his co-authored , reporter-themed play , The Front Page , became a Broadway hit . The Dictionary of Literary Biography - American Screenwriters calls him `` one of the most successful screenwriters in the history of motion pictures . '' Hecht received the first Academy Award for Original Screenplay , for Underworld ( 1927 ) . Many of the screenplays he worked on are now considered classics . He also provided story ideas for such films as Stagecoach ( 1939 ) . Film historian Richard Corliss called him `` the Hollywood screenwriter '' , someone who `` personified Hollywood itself . '' In 1940 , he wrote , produced , and directed , Angels Over Broadway , which was nominated for Best Screenplay . In total , six of his movie screenplays were nominated for Academy Awards , with two winning . He became an active Zionist shortly before the Holocaust began in Germany , and wrote articles and plays about the plight of European Jews , such as , We Will Never Die in 1943 and A Flag is Born in 1946 . Of his seventy to ninety screenplays , he wrote many anonymously to avoid the British boycott of his work in the late 1940s and early 1950s . The boycott was a response to Hecht 's active support of paramilitary action against British forces in Palestine and sabotaging British property there ( see below ) , during which time a supply ship to Palestine was named the S. S. Ben Hecht . According to his autobiography , he never spent more than eight weeks on a script . In 1983 , 19 years after his death , Ben Hecht was posthumously inducted into the American Theater Hall of Fame .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c976d65b495d1cfb59ff33ab6802bcdd",
"text": "Stroker Ace Stroker Ace is a 1983 American action comedy film , directed by Hal Needham and filmed in North Carolina and Georgia . Burt Reynolds stars as the eponymous Stroker Ace , a NASCAR driver . The co-stars were Jim Nabors , Loni Anderson , Ned Beatty , Parker Stevenson , and Bubba Smith , with appearances by many NASCAR drivers , such as : Dale Earnhardt , Richard Petty , Neil Bonnett , Harry Gant , Terry Labonte , Kyle Petty , Benny Parsons , Tim Richmond , Ricky Rudd , Cale Yarborough , and announcers Ken Squier , David Hobbs , and Chris Economaki . The movie was filmed on location at Charlotte Motor Speedway , Talladega Superspeedway and the Atlanta Motor Speedway in Hampton , Georgia . The theme song was performed by Charlie Daniels . Burt Reynolds turned down the role of astronaut Garrett Breedlove in Terms of Endearment to do this film . The role went to Jack Nicholson , who went on to win an Academy Award . Reynolds said he made this decision because `` I felt I owed Hal more than I owed Jim '' but that it was a turning point in his career from which he never recovered . `` That 's where I lost them , '' he says of his fans . The movie was adapted from the 1974 novel Stand On It , an autobiography of fictional driver `` Stroker Ace . '' The novel 's joint authors , William Neely and Robert K. Ottum , based the book on actual events from the racing world but with their protagonist as the subject .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "46e76a6342e84fe5da053a8ff8763059",
"text": "Big Red Machine The Big Red Machine were the baseball teams of the Cincinnati Reds that dominated the National League from 1970 to 1979 . The team is widely recognized as being among the best teams in baseball history . Over that span , the team won six National League West Division titles , four National League pennants , and two World Series titles . The team 's combined record from 1970-1979 was 953 wins and 657 losses , an average of more than 95 wins per season . Additionally , the core of that Reds team actually had the best record in the Major Leagues in 1981 , but did not make the postseason that year because of Bowie Kuhn 's split-season playoff format due to the player 's strike .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fbd32bac91ffb0d2f9bdc9b2e9d24da6",
"text": "Melville Shavelson Melville Shavelson ( April 1 , 1917 -- August 8 , 2007 ) was an American film director , producer , screenwriter , and author . He was President of the Writers Guild of America , West ( WGAw ) from 1969 to 1971 , 1979 to 1981 , and 1985 to 1987 . He came to Hollywood in 1938 as one of comedian Bob Hope 's joke writers , a job he held for the next five years . He is responsible for the screenplays of such Hope films as The Princess and the Pirate ( 1944 ) , Where There 's Life ( 1947 ) , The Great Lover ( 1949 ) , and Sorrowful Jones ( 1949 ) , which also starred Lucille Ball . Shavelson also worked as a writer on Hope 's radio show , The Pepsodent Show Starring Bob Hope . Shavelson was nominated twice for Academy Awards for Best Original Screenplay -- first for 1955 's The Seven Little Foys , starring Hope in a rare dramatic role , and then for 1958 's Houseboat . He shared both nominations with Jack Rose . He also directed both films . Other films he wrote and directed include Beau James ( 1957 ) , The Five Pennies ( 1959 ) for which he won a Screen Writers Guild Award , It Started in Naples ( 1960 ) , On the Double ( 1961 ) , The Pigeon That Took Rome ( 1962 ) , A New Kind of Love ( 1963 ) , Cast a Giant Shadow ( 1966 ) , and Yours , Mine and Ours ( 1968 ) , which starred Henry Fonda and again with Lucille Ball . Shavelson created two Emmy award-winning television series and wrote for a dozen Academy Award shows . He also wrote , produced and co-directed the six-hour ABC screenplay to the 1979 television miniseries Ike , based on the World War II exploits of Gen. Dwight Eisenhower . It featured an all star cast including Robert Duvall and Lee Remick . Shavelson 's autobiography , published by BearManor Media in April 2007 , is entitled How to Succeed in Hollywood Without Really Trying , P.S. - You Ca n't ! Shavelson wrote several other books , including , with Mr. Hope , `` Do n't Shoot , It 's Only Me : Bob Hope 's Comedy History of the United States '' ( Putnam , 1990 ) , and How to Make a Jewish Movie ( 1971 ) , a memoir of his experiences while producing and directing Cast a Giant Shadow , and the Hollywood-themed novel Lualda ( 1973 ) . Shavelson was a noted instructor at USC 's Master of Professional Writing Program from 1998-2006 . He taught screenwriting , who often cracked to his students , `` I 'm a writer by choice , a producer by necessity and a director in self-defense . '' He was an amateur radio operator and held the callsign W6VLH . Shavelson 's first wife , Lucille , died in 2000 . He was married to his second wife , Ruth Florea , from 2001 until his death in 2007 . He had two children , Lynne Joiner and Richard Shavelson .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f2b0020f9610e19e3883b36da2e486f9",
"text": "1919 Cincinnati Reds season The 1919 Cincinnati Reds season was a season in American baseball . The Reds won the National League pennant , then went on to win the 1919 World Series . The team 's accomplishments were overshadowed by the subsequent Black Sox scandal , when it was discovered that their American League opponents , the Chicago White Sox had tried to lose the series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2f24a3c0ffb69d5dcb2b8d9bb0a01d37",
"text": "Colorado (film) Colorado is a 1940 American Western film directed by Joseph Kane and starring Roy Rogers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0346fb7a9c6e08887125a4cdb0c67745",
"text": "Dick Vorisek Dick Vorisek ( February 21 , 1918 -- November 7 , 1989 ) was an American sound engineer . He was nominated for an Academy Award in the category Best Sound for the film Reds . He worked on over 130 films between 1947 and 1988 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
5b83ddce6ba1445e32bd1dd29fdad1fe
|
Tall Story is an American film.
|
[
{
"docid": "240d87b84d6cf99689b4fa2924273be7",
"text": "Tall Story Tall Story is a 1960 American romantic comedy film made by Warner Bros. , directed by Joshua Logan and starring Anthony Perkins with Jane Fonda , in her first screen role , at the age of 22 . It is based on the 1957 novel `` The Homecoming Game '' by Howard Nemerov , which was the basis of a successful 1959 Broadway play , called Tall Story , by the writing team of Howard Lindsay and Russel Crouse . The film was a considerable departure from Logan 's previous two projects , the drama Sayonara , which won multiple Academy Awards , and the blockbuster South Pacific and was Robert Redford 's first film ever , where he played an uncredited basketball player . Tall Story is a farcical social satire of American campus life , making fun of the way college life can become a marriage market for some students . Fonda portrays a character who is the complete opposite of the independent liberated woman she later personified .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "b69bf022f5b86d41fd47a1573791e190",
"text": "Tim Story (composer) Tim Story ( born 1957 in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania ) is an American composer , recording artist and producer of electronic and acoustic music . Story has performed on more than 20 solo and collaborative albums and in soundtracks for film and television .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0a55640024457900988c3b2aa9012214",
"text": "The Dam Short Film Festival The Dam Short Film Festival is a film festival held annually in Boulder City , Nevada , typically in early February . Lee Lanier and Anita Lanier are the original co-founders of the festival . The festival is organized by the Dam Short Film Society , a non-profit 501 ( c ) 3 Nevada corporation . Past festival sponsors have included The Art Institutes , the Nevada Film Office , the Hacienda Hotel and Casino , and Cirque du Soleil . The Society receives annual grants from the National Endowment for the Arts via the Nevada Arts Council . Started in 2005 , the Dam Short Film Festival only screens films that run between 1 and 40 minutes . Generally , there are between 100 and 140 short films programmed each year . Although most of the festival shorts are submitted by student , independent , and other `` up-and-coming '' filmmakers , the stiff competition means many of the shorts have been produced involving film professionals . These have included Oscar-winner Louis Gossett Jr. in `` Window , '' Oscar-winner , Tom Hanks , William Shatner , and Michael York in `` Why Shakespeare ? '' , the late Bela Lugosi narrating an animation based on the Edgar Allan Poe classic `` The Tell-Tale Heart '' , Francesco Quinn in `` The Gnostic '' , and Robert Wagner and Lori Singer in `` Little Victim '' The short films are arranged into thematic programs , such as international drama , crime drama , dramedy , science-fiction , horror , comedy , avant-garde , underground , and animation . In addition to the regular screenings , the festival presents special showcases and retrospectives ; for example , the 2009 event featured a showcase dedicated to documentary filmmaker Jay Rosenblatt while 2008 included a program dedicated to animator Jim Blashfield The festival also presents parties , mixers , filmmaker panels , and Q&A sessions with attending filmmakers . In 2008 , the Festival moved to the historic 400-seat Boulder Theatre . The Theatre was built in 1931 and is currently owned by Desi Arnaz Jr. and his wife Amy . 2014 marked the 10th anniversary of the festival . At present , Lee Lanier serves as the Dam Short Film Society 's executive director while John LaBonney serves as festival director . The Society has a working board of directors that varies from 4 to 6 members .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8241fbd3cc212cfb7af3c4445b70cada",
"text": "Original Film Original Film is an American film production company founded by Neal H. Moritz .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1fb27ab764f2453c41514b3cf0e668c4",
"text": "The Ernest Green Story The Ernest Green Story is a 1993 made-for-television movie which follows the true story of Ernest Green ( Morris Chestnut ) and eight other African-American high-school students ( dubbed the `` Little Rock Nine '' ) as they embark on their historic journey to integrate Little Rock Central High School in Little Rock , Arkansas , in 1957 . The film was developed and executive produced by Carol Ann Abrams . Much of the movie was filmed on location at Central High School . The film had its world premiere at Little Rock Central High School , with an introduction by President-Elect of the United States Bill Clinton . It aired on the Disney Channel on January 17 , 1993 . Later that year , A.M.L. Productions and the Disney Channel received a Peabody Award for presenting `` a story which reminds adults and teaches children about the courageous steps taken toward the elimination of discrimination in American society '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b3c95d6b6f0e5fc404bce953042aa238",
"text": "Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film . The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d515fa8355ad84f864b066ab9d157c1f",
"text": "The Curious Case of Benjamin Button (film) The Curious Case of Benjamin Button is a 2008 American romantic fantasy drama film directed by David Fincher . The storyline by Eric Roth and Robin Swicord is loosely based on the 1922 short story of the same name by F. Scott Fitzgerald . The film stars Brad Pitt as a man who ages in reverse and Cate Blanchett as the love interest throughout his life . The film was released in North America on December 25 , 2008 to positive reviews . The film went on to receive thirteen Academy Award nominations , including Best Picture , Best Director for Fincher , Best Actor for Pitt and Best Supporting Actress for Taraji P. Henson , and won three , for Best Art Direction , Best Makeup , and Best Visual Effects .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6d7a02f6d0563cc32e42d6d9fd60ad39",
"text": "A Chinese Tall Story A Chinese Tall Story is a 2005 Hong Kong fantasy adventure film written and directed by Jeffrey Lau . The story is loosely based on the novel Journey to the West .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3eb5c15f677cff588cba3f7aaea5c851",
"text": "Hogtown (film) Hogtown is a multi-racial , multilingual `` period-less '' 2015 independent film . Set against the backdrop of the 1919 Chicago race riots , the story revolves around the mysterious disappearance of a millionaire theater owner during a snowstorm . Bill Stamets of the Chicago Sun-Times acknowledged Hogtown as `` the most original film made in Chicago about Chicago to date '' . It was named one of the 10 Best Films of 2016 by Ben Kenigsberg , who reviewed the film for The New York Times , and JR Jones of The Chicago Reader named it the best film about Chicago and the best film made in Chicago , `` period , '' for 2015 . The film won Best Picture awards at the 30th Black International Cinema Berlin , the 2015 International Black Film Festival ( Nashville ) , the 2015 Los Angeles Black Film Festival , and the 2015 Independent Film Playoff ( Los Angeles ) . It is the second of three films in an unnamed trilogy , following the 2010 film Chicago Heights . The third film , Sister Carrie , is in development .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "06e265863ef32115510b7449e646812b",
"text": "Love Story (1970 film) Love Story is a 1970 American romantic drama film written by Erich Segal , who was also the author of the best-selling novel of the same name . It was produced by Howard G. Minskyand directed by Arthur Hiller and starred Ali MacGraw and Ryan O'Neal , alongside John Marley , Ray Milland , and Tommy Lee Jones in his film debut in a minor role . A tragedy , the film is considered one of the most romantic by the American Film Institute ( # 9 on the list ) and is # 37 in the list of highest-grossing films in Canada and the United States . It was followed by a sequel , Oliver 's Story ( 1978 ) , starring O'Neal with Candice Bergen .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cb949a360d6ffbbc076980cfe0af9976",
"text": "A Place to Stand (film) A Place to Stand is a 1967 film produced and edited by the Canadian artist and filmmaker Christopher Chapman for the Ontario pavilion at Expo 67 in Montréal , Québec , Canada . For the film , he pioneered the concept of moving panes , of moving images , within the single context of the screen . At times there are 15 separate images moving at once . This technique , which he dubbed `` multi-dynamic image technique '' has since been employed in many films , notably Norman Jewison 's 1968 film The Thomas Crown Affair . Mr. Jewison has credited Mr. Chapman as the creator of the edit style . The technique can also be seen on television in the series 24 . It is said that most of the editing decisions were worked out in an accountant 's spreadsheet book and the pencil edit plan resembled flow charts . Chapman has said that at one point in the editing process he stood there in the room , bits of footage hanging from clips all around him . He felt crushed by the force of his vision and he was a breath away from quitting . Even at the first screening , Chapman was exhausted and unsure but as he left the room , Steve McQueen watching at the back , grabbed Chapman and told him that he was blown away by the film . The 18-minute film used 70mm stock and was projected onto a 66 by 30 foot screen . It contains no dialogue , but only music by a 45-member orchestra and a 15-member choir . Its theme song , `` A Place to Stand , a Place to Grow '' , written by Dolores Claman and Richard Morris , and orchestrated by Jerry Toth , enjoyed great popularity on its own . Commissioned by the Ontario Department of Economics and Development from the Toronto commercial design studio TDF and premiered at the Expo 67 Ontario Pavilion on April 28 , 1967 , it was seen by some two million at Expo 67 itself and later by a further estimated 100 million in North America and Europe in cinema release . It was nominated for an Academy Award in two categories : Best Documentary Short Subject and Best Live Action Short Subject . It won the latter prize , which Chapman accepted on April 10 , 1968 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f7339c77722bd6d0ab2442f60f31e51e",
"text": "Big Stone Gap (film) Big Stone Gap is a 2014 American drama romantic comedy film written and directed by Adriana Trigiani and produced by Donna Gigliotti for Altar Identity Studios , a subsidiary of Media Society . Based on Trigiani 's 2000 best-selling novel of the same name , the story is set in the actual Virginia town of Big Stone Gap circa 1970s . The film had its world premiere at the Virginia Film Festival on November 6 , 2014 . The film was released on October 9 , 2015 , by Picturehouse . The film was released in Blu-Ray by Universal Pictures on February 2 , 2016 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0233b3676821868a46809438350d06f9",
"text": "The Palm Beach Story The Palm Beach Story is a 1942 romantic screwball comedy film written and directed by Preston Sturges , and starring Claudette Colbert , Joel McCrea , Mary Astor and Rudy Vallée . Victor Young contributed the lively musical score , including a fast-paced variation of the William Tell Overture for the opening scenes . Typical of a Sturges movie , the pacing and dialogue of The Palm Beach Story are very fast .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7998c5a720f81e7208f8b0411d11ed31",
"text": "The Loneliness of the Long Distance Runner (film) The Loneliness of the Long Distance Runner is a 1962 film based on the short story of the same name . The screenplay , like the story , was written by Alan Sillitoe . The film was directed by Tony Richardson , one of the new young directors emerging from documentary films , a series of 1950s filmmakers known as the Free Cinema movement . It tells the story of a rebellious youth ( played by Tom Courtenay ) , sentenced to a borstal ( ` Approved School ' ) for burgling a bakery , who gains privileges in the institution through his prowess as a long-distance runner . During his solitary runs reveries of important events before his incarceration lead him to re-evaluate his status as the Governor 's ( played by Michael Redgrave ) prize athlete , eventually prizing a rebellious act of personal autonomy notwithstanding an immediate loss in privileges . The film poster 's byline is `` you can play by the rules ... or you can play it by ear - WHAT COUNTS is you play it right by YOU ... '' . . The notion is echoed by other contemporary films such as a rapid series of three contemporary Lone Ranger films . Depicting a bleak , elitist Britain in the late 1950s to early 1960s for the working to middle class , the writer was one of the angry young men producing media vaunting or depicting the plight of rebellious youths . The film has characters entrenched in their social context . Class consciousness abounds throughout : the `` them '' and `` us '' notions which Richardson stresses reflect the very basis of British society at the time , so that Redgrave 's `` proper gentleman '' of a Governor is in contrast to many of the young working class inmates . Much of the screenplay takes place in and around Ruxley Towers , Claygate , Surrey -- a Victorian mock castle built by Lord Foley ( ` Ruxton Towers ' ) . The building had been used as a NAAFI base in the war , giving it a military atmosphere . The original trumpet theme to the film was performed by Fred Muscroft ( the Scots Guards Principal Cornet at the time ) . The film 's words were heavily sampled in the 1980s Chumbawamba track `` Alright Now '' and text monologues from the book upon which the film is based was printed on the record/cassette covers of their single `` Just Look at Me Now '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b5f4c32797741a74c1b25fa6d76b95ed",
"text": "Toy Story (franchise) Toy Story is a computer animated film series and Disney media franchise that began with the original 1995 film , Toy Story , produced by Pixar Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures . The franchise is based on the anthropomorphic concept that all toys , unknown to humans , are secretly alive , and the films focus on a diverse group of toys that feature a classic cowboy , Sheriff Woody , and modern spaceman , Buzz Lightyear . The group unexpectedly embark on adventures that challenge and change them . The first two films of the franchise were directed by John Lasseter , and the third by Lee Unkrich , who acted as the co-director of the second film ( together with Lasseter and Ash Brannon ) . Lasseter will return to direct the upcoming fourth film . All three films , produced on a total budget of $ 320 million , have grossed more than $ 1.9 billion worldwide . Each film set box office records , with the third included in the top 15 all time worldwide films . Critics have given all three films extremely positive reviews . Special Blu-ray and DVD editions of Toy Story and Toy Story 2 were released on March 23 , 2010 . They were also re-released in theaters as a Disney Digital 3-D `` double feature '' for at least two weeks in October 2009 . The series is the 24th highest-grossing franchise worldwide , the fifth highest-grossing animated franchise ( behind Shrek , Ice Age , Despicable Me and Madagascar ) , and is among the most critically acclaimed trilogies of all time . On November 1 , 2011 , all three Toy Story films were released in Disney Blu-ray 3D as a trilogy pack and as individual films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9fb938bfc7d3cb8b93f19aa4444f4020",
"text": "West Side Story (soundtrack) West Side Story is the soundtrack to the 1961 film West Side Story . Released in 1961 , the soundtrack spent 54 weeks at No. 1 on Billboard 's album charts , giving it the longest run at No. 1 of any album in history , although some lists instead credit Michael Jackson 's Thriller , on the grounds that West Side Story was listed on a chart for stereo albums only at a time when many albums were recorded in mono . In 1962 , it won a Grammy award for `` Best Sound Track Album -- Original Cast '' and Johnny Richards orchestrations of the movie score ( on Kenton 's West Side Story ) also winning a Grammy in 1962 for `` Best Large Ensemble Jazz Album '' further bolstering the popularity of the movie and soundtrack . In the United States , it was the best-selling album of the 1960s , certifying three times platinum by the RIAA on November 21 , 1986 . Though the album was released just a few years after the release of the original broadway cast recording , it is according to Broadway Babies preferred by some to the earlier version both sentimentally , as the film succeeded in establishing the musical as a `` popular masterpiece '' , and musically , as it contains `` beefier orchestration '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "637b2ced176fad5b0343ef4661be94d7",
"text": "Proud American Proud American is a 2008 biographical drama film released by Slowhand Cinema in both conventional 35mm and IMAX format . It features five stories that intend to capture the essence of the American spirit , two of them chronicling the founding of Wal-Mart and Coca-Cola . The film holds the distinction of having obtained additional funding through overt sponsorship of the two companies , as well as MasterCard and American Airlines , whose product placement can be observed throughout the film .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "45cca4f2ca741aa9586b00163ae81265",
"text": "The NeverEnding Story (film) The NeverEnding Story is a 1984 American epic fantasy film based on the novel of the same name by Michael Ende , about a boy who reads a magical book that tells a story of a young warrior whose task is to stop a dark storm called the Nothing from engulfing a fantasy world . The film was produced by Bernd Eichinger and Dieter Giessler and directed and co-written by Wolfgang Petersen ( his first English-language film ) and starred Noah Hathaway , Barret Oliver , Tami Stronach , Patricia Hayes , Sydney Bromley , Gerald McRaney , Moses Gunn , and Alan Oppenheimer as the voices of both Falkor and Gmork ( as well as other characters ) . At the time of its release , it was the most expensive film produced outside the United States or the Soviet Union . The film was the first in The NeverEnding Story film series and later followed by two sequels . Ende felt that this adaptation 's content deviated so far from the spirit of his book that he requested that production either be halted or the film 's title be changed ; when the producers did neither , he sued them and subsequently lost the case . Ende called the film a `` gigantic melodrama of kitsch , commerce , plush and plastic '' -LSB- Ein `` gigantisches Melodram aus Kitsch , Kommerz , Plüsch und Plastik '' -RSB- . The film only adapts the first half of the book , and consequently does not convey the message of the title as it was portrayed in the novel . The second half of the book would subsequently be used as the rough basis for the second film , The Next Chapter . The third film , Escape from Fantasia , features a completely original plot .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "30788320c29fbd5a2c849ef79e4367ac",
"text": "The Children's Story `` The Children 's Story '' is a 4,300-word short story by James Clavell . It first appeared in Reader 's Digest ( June 1964 issue ) and was republished in book form in 1981 . It is also the title of a 1982 short film based upon the story , which aired on Mobil Showcase .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d6abd5b9a87c5b9b0244c632f7cbda80",
"text": "Three Tall Women Three Tall Women is a play by Edward Albee , which won the 1994 Pulitzer Prize for Drama , Albee 's third .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ec1a6b8aebdad35e616edefcaec48d37",
"text": "Big Enough (film) A follow-up to the 1982 Emmy-nominated film Little People , Big Enough is a 2004 documentary film about Anu Trombino , Karla and John Lizzo , Len and Lenette Sawisch , and Sharon and Ron Roskamp , who are all typical Americans in every respect , except that they are dwarfs . Twenty years after her first film , Jan Krawitz finds out what has happened to her subjects . Big Enough was met with high critical acclaim , receiving an Independent Filmmaker Award from the Carolina Film & Video Festival and was aired as part of PBS 's Point of View series in 2005 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
03f6c29203a2d82c794148e73cd9b1c3
|
Solange Knowles's third studio album is A Seat at the Table.
|
[
{
"docid": "c5b69349d2a53ef356fe83e400bfe2ee",
"text": "Solange Knowles Solange Piaget Knowles ( -LSB- soʊˈlɑːnʒ -RSB- born June 24 , 1986 ) is an American singer , songwriter , dancer , model and actress . Expressing an interest in music from an early age , Knowles had several temporary stints in Destiny 's Child , before signing with her father Mathew Knowles 's Music World Entertainment label . At age 16 , Knowles released her first studio album Solo Star ( 2002 ) . Between 2005 and 2007 , Knowles had several minor acting roles , including the direct-to-video Bring It On : All or Nothing ( 2006 ) and continued writing music for her older sister Beyoncé Knowles-Carter and for ex-Destiny 's Child group members Kelly Rowland and Michelle Williams . In 2007 , Knowles began to record music again . Her second studio album Sol-Angel and the Hadley St. Dreams ( 2008 ) deviated from the pop-oriented music of her debut to the Motown Sound of the 1960s and 1970s . It peaked at number nine on US Billboard 200 and received positive reviews from critics . She followed this up with the 1980s pop and R&B -- inspired extended play True ( 2012 ) on Columbia Records and her imprint Saint Records . Her third studio album , A Seat at the Table ( 2016 ) became her first number-one album in the United States . The album 's first single , `` Cranes in the Sky '' won the Grammy for Best R&B Performance . In December 2016 , Billboard magazine ranked her as the 100th most successful dance artist of all-time . Knowles is heavily influenced by Motown girl groups and says that her first passion is songwriting . She is frequently compared by the media to her sister , Beyoncé , but Solange insists they have different aspirations and are musically different . Her other ventures include an endorsement deal with Rimmel London and a line of hip-hop-oriented merchandise for young children . On November 16 , 2014 , Knowles married music video director Alan Ferguson in New Orleans , Louisiana .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "80b77ab51451cdeb4c94999bc3bedf7d",
"text": "Third (Soft Machine album) Third is the third studio album by the Canterbury associated band Soft Machine , originally released in 1970 as a double LP , with each side of the original vinyl consisting of a single , long composition .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "33bc9944ade1896b011265cf0de178d3",
"text": "Third (Cait Brennan album) Third is the second full-length album by Cait Brennan , released by Omnivore on April 21 , 2017 . The follow-up to 2016 's critically lauded Debutante , Third was recorded at Ardent Studios in Memphis , TN , in the same studio and on much of the same recording gear as Big Star used during its Ardent heyday . The album was co-produced and performed entirely by Brennan and Fernando Perdomo , a producer and rock artist who also co-produced Linda Perhacs ' widely acclaimed 2014 album The Soul of All Natural Things for Asthmatic Kitty records . Perdomo and Brennan met as fellow artists on the International Pop Overthrow festival in 2012 , and quickly became friends ; Brennan appears in Perdomo 's `` Smile '' music video , and Perdomo has played in Brennan 's touring band . The duo produced Brennan 's 2016 debut , as well as an unreleased second album and a set of demos for Sire Records founder Seymour Stein before ultimately signing with Omnivore Recordings in January 2017 . During the recording of Brennan 's Sire Records demo sessions , Brennan and Perdomo attended a Grammy Museum presentation celebrating the 50th Anniversary of Ardent Studios . At the event , Brennan and Perdomo encountered Big Star drummer and Ardent president Jody Stephens , who invited the pair to record their third album at Ardent in Memphis . When the Sire deal did not materialize , the duo traveled to Memphis and recorded 13 songs in three days , with Brennan and Perdomo producing and playing all the instruments , and Ardent 's Adam Hill engineering the sessions . During the sessions , the pair used many of the same instruments and amplifiers used by Big Star during their heyday , including Alex Chilton 's Hi-Watt amps , Mellotron and Chris Bell 's cherry red Gibson guitar . As with Brennan 's debut album Debutante , Brennan and Perdomo played all of the instruments , with the exception of two guest appearances by longtime Memphis power pop legend Van Duren and former Continental Drifters guitarist Robert Mache . The album was mastered by Grammy-winning audio engineer Michael Graves ; Cheryl Pawelski of Omnivore Recordings , who had a long history working with Ardent and Big Star , signed Brennan to Omnivore in January 2017 , slating Brennan 's Third for an April 2017 release to coincide with Record Store Day .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bc430174a87904a5dc8bf4065c1a9552",
"text": "3rd Floor 3rd Floor is an album by Norwegian girl band Lilyjets in 2006 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "278088df63d33203bb8c0bf0b233a87a",
"text": "Party (Beyoncé song) `` Party '' is a song recorded by American singer Beyoncé for her fourth studio album , 4 ( 2011 ) . It features guest vocals from American rapper André 3000 and uncredited vocals from Kanye West , and was released by Columbia Records as the fourth single from 4 on August 30 , 2011 . The song was written by Kanye West , Jeff Bhasker and Beyoncé , with the production being handled by Beyoncé and West and was co-produced by Bhasker . A midtempo R&B song , `` Party '' exhibits elements of the 1980s funk and soul music , and samples the 1985 song `` La Di Da Di '' , written by Dexter Mills , Douglas Davis and Ricky Walters . It recalls the work of New Edition and Prince , among others . Built on a 808-retro beat , multi-tracked harmonies , and a smooth groove , the song 's instrumentation includes slow-bouncing synthesizers , keyboard tones , and drums . Lyrically , `` Party '' gives ode to political themes such as feminism and sexual empowerment . In his rap verses , André 3000 references milk and gets philosophical about his own career . `` Party '' was nominated for Best Rap/Sung Collaboration at the 54th Grammy Awards . The song reached number 50 on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart . It debuted on the US Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs chart in July 2011 , and peaked at number 2 on the chart for three consecutive weeks . Following the release of 4 , `` Party '' charted at number 19 on the South Korea Gaon International Singles Chart . `` Party '' was part of Beyoncé 's set list for her 4 Intimate Nights with Beyoncé and the Revel Presents : Beyoncé Live residency shows .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2c465f9df3c4f6d402563f7631f1de37",
"text": "I Am... World Tour I Am ... World Tour ( sometimes referred to as the I Am ... Tour ) was the fourth concert tour by American recording artist Beyoncé . It was launched in support of her third studio album , I Am ... Sasha Fierce ( 2008 ) . The tour was announced in October 2008 and the first dates were revealed in December 2008 . It kicked off in late-March 2009 with five rehearsal shows in North America , officially commencing in late April 2009 . The tour visited the Americas , Europe , Asia , Africa , and Australia with 108 shows in total . Preparations for the shows began eight months prior to the beginning of the tour with twelve-hour rehearsals for two months . Knowles described the shows as her best and most theatrical from all of her tours . Pre-concert food drives were held during several stops of the I Am ... World Tour as part of a campaign by General Mills ' Hamburger Helper entitled , `` Show Your Helping Hand '' where fans were asked to bring food during the concerts . The set list for the concerts included songs from Knowles ' three studio albums as well as several covers of other artists and a Destiny 's Child medley . The central theme of the tour was to showcase the difference between Knowles ' dual personality ; her emotional side and her onstage persona , Sasha Fierce which was also demonstrated in the dual album I Am ... Sasha Fierce . The show featured two stages -- the main one and a smaller B-stage where Knowles was transferred during the middle of the show . She was backed by an all-female band , female background dancers and a big LED screen . Thierry Mugler collaborated with Knowles on the costumes and had a creative advisor role further working on the choreography , lighting and production . Chris March made the costumes usable for stage and helped in their making . For the ballads , Knowles wore longer dresses while for the performances of the up-tempo songs , more make-up and more revealing outfits were worn . The fashion and Knowles ' look and figure received praise from critics . I Am ... World Tour received critical acclaim from music critics who praised Knowles ' performance abilities calling her the best female performer and chose the performances of `` Ave Maria '' , `` Listen '' and `` At Last '' as highlights during the shows . A concert in Malaysia was cancelled by Knowles after several Muslim groups tried to ban it although she agreed to tone down her look according to the country 's standards . The tour was commercially successful grossing $ 86.0 million from 93 shows in total . Separate performances of several songs were broadcast on different channels and two concerts were released as live albums ; the live performance at the I Am ... Yours revue was released in a CD/DVD format in 2009 and footage of the tour was released on an eponymous titled live album in 2010 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b01eee1f64932ccb5b5d91011488bd14",
"text": "House of Deréon House of Deréon was a ready-to-wear fashion line introduced by singer and actress Beyoncé and her mother/stylist Tina Knowles . The style and concept is inspired by three generations of women in their family , with the name `` Deréon '' paying tribute to Beyoncé 's maternal grandmother , Agnèz Deréon ( Mother of Tina Knowles ) . As of 2012 the junior line Deréon has been discontinued .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c254bfea07b46f16aacf458406fb4850",
"text": "Daddy (Beyoncé song) `` Daddy '' is a song recorded by American singer Beyoncé for her debut studio album , Dangerously in Love ( 2003 ) . It was composed by Beyoncé as well as Mark Batson . The song was not originally intended to be featured on the final track listing of the album . Beyoncé was able to record the song as the release date of her debut album had been postponed . `` Daddy '' was released to US iTunes Store as a digital single on June 3 , 2003 , through Columbia Records . Beyoncé explained that the song 's development was motivated by the devotion and the loyalty her father/manager , Mathew Knowles has towards his family members . Many of the songs on the album examine aspects of relationships . However , `` Daddy '' was considered to be an element analyzing the kinship ties between a father and his offspring from a different and more powerful perspective . Music critics , who generally received the song with positive reception , commented that the song was a way for Beyoncé to pay tribute to her father .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8e11e839dd1f904b96d03d4a19249c0f",
"text": "Mama's Gun Mama 's Gun is the second studio album by American neo soul singer Erykah Badu . It was recorded between 1999 and 2000 at Electric Lady Studios in New York and released on November 21 , 2000 , by Motown Records . A neo soul album , Mama 's Gun incorporates funk , soul , and jazz styles . It has confessional lyrics by Badu , which cover themes of insecurity , social issues and personal relationships . The album has been viewed by critics as a female companion to neo soul artist D'Angelo 's second album Voodoo ( 2000 ) , which features a similar musical style and direction . Critics have also noted that while Baduizm contained its share of cryptic lyricism , Mama 's Gun is much more direct in its approach , and places the artist in a subjective position more than its predecessor . The album contains the single `` Bag Lady '' , Badu 's first top 10 Billboard hit , which was also nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance and for Best R&B Song . The song `` Did n't Cha Know ? '' was also nominated for Best R&B Song . The album features substantial contributions from several members of the Soulquarians outfit , of which Badu was a member . It also features guests such as soul singer Betty Wright and trumpeter Roy Hargrove . Mama 's Gun was met with great critical success and sold strongly , reaching Platinum two months after its release . Thematically the album explores topics regarding self-esteem , relationship breakdowns , and police brutality , and features a more eclectic sound than its predecessor . Rolling Stone magazine named it one of the Top 10 Albums of 2000 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c08c87fd6a99eb0d2b23b7caf375cd3f",
"text": "List of Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles of 2007 The Billboard Hot 100 is a chart that ranks the best-performing singles of the United States . Published by Billboard magazine , the data are compiled by Nielsen SoundScan based collectively on each single 's weekly physical and digital sales , and airplay . In 2007 , 17 singles reached the top spot on the chart . An 18th single , Beyoncé Knowles ' `` Irreplaceable '' , began a run at the top in 2006 which continued into 2007 . In 2007 , eight acts achieved their first US number-one single , either as a lead artist or featured guest : Maroon 5 , Avril Lavigne , Mims , Plain White T 's , Sean Kingston , Soulja Boy Tell 'Em , T-Pain , and Yung Joc . Producer Timbaland earned his first number-one single as lead artist with `` Give It to Me '' ; he had previously appeared as featured guest on singer Nelly Furtado 's number-one single `` Promiscuous '' . T-Pain , Justin Timberlake , Nelly Furtado and Fergie each earned two number-one singles , either as a lead artist or featured guest . Three number-one singles tied for the longest run on the chart in 2007 : Knowles ' `` Irreplaceable '' , Rihanna 's `` Umbrella '' , and Soulja Boy Tell 'Em 's `` Crank That ( Soulja Boy ) '' all topped the chart for seven weeks ; the last of these was non-consecutive . However , `` Irreplaceable '' , which started its peak position in three issues the previous year , is credited to by Billboard magazine as 2006 's longest-running single . To this effect , `` Umbrella '' and `` Crank That ( Soulja Boy ) '' are the longest-running singles of 2007 . Other singles with extended chart runs include singer Alicia Keys ' `` No One '' which stayed at number one for five straight weeks . `` Irreplaceable '' is the best-performing single of the calendar year , topping the Year-End Hot 100 singles of 2007 for seven consecutive weeks . Band Maroon 5 's `` Makes Me Wonder '' is noted for its jump from 64th to 1st place on the Billboard Hot 100 , making it the largest leap of 2007 . `` Umbrella '' , which occupied the top slot for seven of summer 's thirteen weeks , has been credited by the music press as 2007 's Song of the Summer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6471ac1427a76041ae9ecb61ca0dc3b3",
"text": "Ollusion Ollusion is the third studio album by American R&B singer Omarion . It was released on January 12 , 2010 , by Capitol Records , StarrWorld Entertainment , and MusicWorks . This is Omarion 's first solo album with the Parental Advisory label on it . The album sold 21,200 copies its first week of sales .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f3fe510184d13cab2dc8e44c7c2cddf2",
"text": "Naked Dinner Naked Dinner is the third solo album by American hip hop musician Time . It was released on August 25 , 2009 on Dirty Laboratory Productions in association with Hip Hop Vinyl . It features guest appearances from C-Rayz Walz and Sole . In early 2010 , Naked Dinner charted at # 19 in the nation on the CMJ hip-hop charts .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4fe8babd643132c32a10a1eb5010b418",
"text": "The Blueprint 3 The Blueprint 3 is the eleventh studio album by American rapper Jay Z , released September 8 , 2009 , on Roc Nation , through distribution from Atlantic Records . It is the final installment in The Blueprint trilogy , preceded by The Blueprint ( 2001 ) and The Blueprint2 : The Gift & The Curse ( 2002 ) . Production for the album took place during 2008 to 2009 at several recording studios and was handled by Kanye West , No I.D. , The Neptunes , Jeff Bhasker , Al Shux , Jerome `` J-Roc '' Harmon , The Inkredibles , Swizz Beatz , and Timbaland . This is the only album in the Blueprint trilogy , as well as the first album since Vol . 3 ... Life and Times of S. Carter ( 1999 ) , not to feature production from Just Blaze . The album debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 chart , selling 476,000 copies in its first week . It became Jay-Z 's eleventh US number-one album , breaking the record he had previously shared with Elvis Presley , and produced five singles that achieved chart success . Upon its release , The Blueprint 3 received generally positive reviews from music critics .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "106ae4371412686a08b197b1c094ea26",
"text": "The Marshall Mathers LP The Marshall Mathers LP is the third studio album by American rapper Eminem . It was released on May 23 , 2000 , by Aftermath Entertainment , Interscope Records , and Eminem 's newly founded label , Shady Records in the United States , and on September 11 , 2000 , by Polydor Records in the United Kingdom . The album was produced mostly by Dr. Dre and Eminem , along with The 45 King , the Bass Brothers , and Mel-Man . Released a year after Eminem 's breakout album The Slim Shady LP , the record features more introspective lyricism including the rapper 's response to his sudden rise to fame and controversy surrounding his lyrics . The album sold more than 1.78 million copies in the US in its first week alone , becoming the fastest-selling studio album by any solo artist in American music history . In 2001 , the album won the Grammy Award for Best Rap Album and was nominated for Album of the Year . Eminem lost the latter to jazz-rock duo Steely Dan and their album Two Against Nature . The album was certified Diamond by the Recording Industry Association of America in March 2011 for shipping 10 million copies in the United States . By December 2016 , the album had sold over 11 million copies in the United States and more than 32 million copies worldwide . A sequel to the album , The Marshall Mathers LP 2 , was released on November 5 , 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9ad893b0ff55d392807253f16d6380f6",
"text": "Hey (EP) Hey is the label debut EP by American rapper/producer Le1f , released on March 11 , 2014 on the Terrible Records . The EP also marks the first official hip hop release for Terrible Records , aside from Solange 's 2013 single `` Looks Good with Trouble '' that featured Kendrick Lamar .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "49cf164233317916e09d9f1f9fa74fe8",
"text": "Drop-leaf table A drop-leaf table is a table that has a fixed section in the center and a hinged section ( leaf ) on either side that can be folded down ( dropped ) . If the leaf is supported by a bracket when folded up , the table is simply a drop-leaf table ; if the leaf is supported by legs that swing out from the center , it is known as a gate leg table . These tables can be made of a variety of woods from Cherry to Walnut , to Maple or Mahogany . Depending on the style or drop leaf or gate leg tables , the leaves vary from coming almost down to the floor to only coming down slightly . Uses vary from drop leaf dining tables , night stands , side tables , coffee tables , and desks . Drop-leaf tables were found mostly in England where they date back to the late sixteenth century ; Elizabethan era and Jacobean era examples are still extant .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "389b1327480751397c81e61c7ec228ef",
"text": "Feelin' You Feelin ' You may refer to : `` Feelin ' You '' ( Solange Knowles song ) `` Feelin ' You '' ( Bright song ) `` Feelin ' You '' , non-album single by 3LW",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "14905ee2e83ca7494e6a8210db4c7245",
"text": "This Moment Is Mine This Moment Is Mine is the third album released by R&B singer Chanté Moore . The album was released on May 25 , 1999 , four and a half years after her previous album , A Love Supreme . The album gave her her biggest hit to date , `` Chante 's Got a Man '' , which became her first top ten single on the Billboard Hot 100 as well as a # 2 hit on the R&B charts .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9da4f5261eca563666a09b7ddc442740",
"text": "Tres Caballeros Tres Caballeros ( Spanish for `` Three gentlemen '' ) is the third studio album by The Aristocrats , released on June 23 , 2015 . The album was recorded in February 2015 during a period of ten days at the Sunset Sound Recorders studio in California . Alongside a standard CD edition , a deluxe edition is available , with a bonus DVD including studio and live footage , demos and alternate takes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1419aada4a0e069e5ee1c0ae2c23de9c",
"text": "I Care (Beyoncé song) `` I Care '' is a song recorded by the American singer Beyoncé for her fourth studio album , 4 ( 2011 ) . It was written by Jeff Bhasker , Chad Hugo and Beyoncé and produced by Bhasker and co-produced by Beyoncé . The song was recorded at the MSR Studios and was mixed by Jordan Young aka DJ Swivel at KMA Studio in New York City . `` I Care '' is an R&B power ballad , which also contains elements of soul music and rock music . Built on a hand-clapped rhythm and pulsating beats , the song 's instrumentation consists of screeching guitars , low-profile synthesizers , pounding drums , heavy percussion instrument and a piano . In `` I Care '' , Beyoncé admits her vulnerability to her indifferent love interest with both honesty and power . She sings with heartfelt emotion over cooing background vocals and scats alongside a multi-octave guitar solo towards the end of the song . `` I Care '' was sent to contemporary hit radio in Italy on March 23 , 2012 as the seventh overall single from 4 . `` I Care '' was acclaimed by contemporary music critics who highlighted the heartfelt emotion , sadness and resentment with which Beyoncé sings . Critics also complimented the way she made effective use out the power in her lower register in the first and second verses until her voice slowly builds until the commanding chorus is reached . They generally praised the guitar solo and the vocal power of Beyoncé which was displayed by `` I Care '' among other songs on 4 . Following the release of 4 in early July 2011 , `` I Care '' charted number 35 on the South Korea Gaon International Singles Chart , based on downloads alone . The song was part of Beyoncé 's set list for her revues 4 Intimate Nights with Beyoncé ( 2011 ) and Revel Presents : Beyoncé Live ( 2012 ) as well as The Mrs. Carter Show World Tour ( 2013 ) . It was also used as an interlude in her The Formation World Tour ( 2016 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "03e62c44268629ae1d8fee02ef3da9aa",
"text": "The Electric Lady The Electric Lady is the third studio album by American recording artist Janelle Monáe , released on September 6 , 2013 by Wondaland Arts Society and Bad Boy Records . It is the follow up to her critically acclaimed debut studio album , The ArchAndroid ( 2010 ) , and likewise , received universal acclaim from music critics . This album serves as the fourth and fifth installments of her seven-part Metropolis concept series . Musically , The Electric Lady incorporates influences of hip hop soul , funk , gospel , jazz and rock .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
c15c90e91ab53bb3ed17df6426d4b5a5
|
London is the location of the City of London.
|
[
{
"docid": "82cd78e9f4458ea0cde53e9c118698db",
"text": "London London -LSB- ˈlʌndən -RSB- is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom . Standing on the River Thames in the south east of the island of Great Britain , London has been a major settlement for two millennia . It was founded by the Romans , who named it Londinium . London 's ancient core , the City of London , largely retains its 1.12 sqmi medieval boundaries . Since at least the 19th century , `` London '' has also referred to the metropolis around this core , historically split between Middlesex , Essex , Surrey , Kent , and Hertfordshire , which today largely makes up Greater London , See also : Independent city § National capitals . governed by the Mayor of London and the London Assembly.The London Mayor is not to be confused with the Lord Mayor of London who heads the City of London Corporation , which administers the City of London . London is a leading global city in the arts , commerce , education , entertainment , fashion , finance , healthcare , media , professional services , research and development , tourism , and transportation . It is crowned as the world 's largest financial centre and has the fifth - or sixth-largest metropolitan area GDP in the world.Rankings of cities by metropolitan area GDP can vary as a result of differences in the definition of the boundaries and population sizes of the areas compared , exchange rate fluctuations and the method used to calculate output . London and Paris are of broadly similar size in terms of total economic output which can result in third party sources varying as to which is the fifth-largest city GDP in the world . A report by the McKinsey Global Institute published in 2012 estimated that London had a city GDP of US$ 751.8 billion in 2010 , compared to US$ 764.2 billion for Paris , making them respectively the sixth - and fifth-largest in the world . A report by PricewaterhouseCoopers published in November 2009 estimated that London had a city GDP measured in purchasing power parity of US$ 565 billion in 2008 , compared to US$ 564 billion for Paris , making them respectively the fifth - and sixth-largest in the world . The McKinsey Global Institute study used a metropolitan area with a population of 14.9 million for London compared to 11.8 million for Paris , whilst the PricewaterhouseCoopers study used a metropolitan area with a population of 8.59 million for London compared to 9.92 million for Paris . London is a world cultural capital . It is the world 's most-visited city as measured by international arrivals and has the world 's largest city airport system measured by passenger traffic . London is the world 's leading investment destination , hosting more international retailers and ultra high-net-worth individuals than any other city . London 's universities form the largest concentration of higher education institutes in Europe . In 2012 , London became the first city to have hosted the modern Summer Olympic Games three times . London has a diverse range of people and cultures , and more than 300 languages are spoken in the region . Its estimated mid-2015 municipal population ( corresponding to Greater London ) was 8,673,713 , the largest of any city in the European Union , and accounting for 12.5 % of the UK population . London 's urban area is the second most populous in the EU , after Paris , with 9,787,426 inhabitants at the 2011 census . The city 's metropolitan area is the most populous in the EU with 13,879,757 inhabitants , while the Greater London Authority states the population of the city-region ( covering a large part of the south east ) as 22.7 million . London was the world 's most populous city from around 1831 to 1925 . London contains four World Heritage Sites : the Tower of London ; Kew Gardens ; the site comprising the Palace of Westminster , Westminster Abbey , and St Margaret 's Church ; and the historic settlement of Greenwich ( in which the Royal Observatory , Greenwich marks the Prime Meridian , 0 ° longitude , and GMT ) . Other famous landmarks include Buckingham Palace , the London Eye , Piccadilly Circus , St Paul 's Cathedral , Tower Bridge , Trafalgar Square , and The Shard . London is home to numerous museums , galleries , libraries , sporting events , and other cultural institutions , including the British Museum , National Gallery , Natural History Museum , Tate Modern , British Library , and West End theatres . The London Underground is the oldest underground railway network in the world .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7d368a5a1d8081214120b0545ac2a7f9",
"text": "City of London The City of London is a city and county that is an enclave of London . It constituted most of London from its settlement by the Romans in the 1st century AD to the Middle Ages , but the agglomeration has since grown far beyond the City 's borders . The City is now only a tiny part of the metropolis of London , though it remains a notable part of central London . Administratively , it forms one of the 33 local authority districts of Greater London ; however , the City of London is not a London borough , a status reserved for the other 32 districts ( including London 's only other city , the City of Westminster ) . The City of London is widely referred to simply as the City ( differentiated from the phrase `` the city of London '' by capitalising City ) and is also colloquially known as the Square Mile , as it is 1.12 sqmi in area . Both of these terms are also often used as metonyms for the United Kingdom 's trading and financial services industries , which continue a notable history of being largely based in the City . The name London is now ordinarily used for a far wider area than just the City . London most often denotes the sprawling London metropolis , or the 32 London boroughs , in addition to the City of London itself . This wider usage of London is documented as far back as 1888 , when the County of London was created . The local authority for the City , namely the City of London Corporation , is unique in the UK and has some unusual responsibilities for a local council , such as being the police authority . It is also unusual in having responsibilities and ownerships beyond its boundaries . The Corporation is headed by the Lord Mayor of the City of London , an office separate from ( and much older than ) the Mayor of London . The current Lord Mayor , as of November 2016 , is Andrew Parmley . The City is a major business and financial centre . Throughout the 19th century , the City was the world 's primary business centre , and it continues to be a major meeting point for businesses . London came top in the Worldwide Centres of Commerce Index , published in 2008 . The insurance industry is focused around the eastern side of the City , around Lloyd 's building . A secondary financial district exists outside of the City , at Canary Wharf , 2.5 mi to the east . The City has a resident population of about 7,000 ( 2011 ) but over 300,000 people commute to and work there , mainly in the financial services sector . The legal profession forms a major component of the northern and western sides of the City , especially in the Temple and Chancery Lane areas where the Inns of Court are located , of which two -- Inner Temple and Middle Temple -- fall within the City of London boundary .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "017d4528849ee78476d6188f4a833ede",
"text": "London Borough of Croydon The London Borough of Croydon is a London borough in south London , England and is part of Outer London . It covers an area of 87 km2 and is the largest London borough by population . It is the southernmost borough of London . At its centre is the historic town of Croydon from which the borough takes its name . Croydon is mentioned in Domesday Book , and from a small market town has expanded into one of the most populous areas on the fringe of London . Croydon is the civic centre of the borough . The borough is now one of London 's leading business , financial and cultural centres , and its influence in entertainment and the arts contribute to its status as a major metropolitan centre . Formed in 1965 from the Coulsdon and Purley Urban District and the County Borough of Croydon , the local authority Croydon London Borough Council , is now part of the local government association for Greater London , London Councils . The economic strength of Croydon dates back mainly to Croydon Airport which was a major factor in the development of Croydon as a business centre . Once London 's main airport for all international flights to and from the capital , it was closed on 30 September 1959 due to the lack of expansion space needed for an airport to serve the growing city . It is now a Grade II listed building and tourist attraction . Croydon Council and its predecessor Croydon Corporation unsuccessfully applied for city status in 1954 , 2000 , 2002 and 2012 . The area is currently going through a large regeneration project called Croydon Vision 2020 which is predicted to attract more businesses and tourists to the area as well as backing Croydon 's bid to become London 's Third City ( after ` The City ' and Westminster ) . Croydon is mostly urban , though there are large suburban and rural uplands in the south . Since 2003 Croydon has been certified as a Fairtrade borough by the Fairtrade Foundation . It was the first London Borough to have Fairtrade status which is awarded on certain criteria . The area is one of the hearts of culture in London and the South East of England . Institutions such as the major arts and entertainment centre Fairfield Halls add to the vibrancy of the borough . However , its famous fringe theatre `` the Warehouse Theatre '' was put under administration in 2012 when the council withdrew its funding and the building itself was demolished in 2013 . The Croydon Clocktower was opened by Queen Elizabeth II in 1994 as an arts venue featuring a library , the independent David Lean Cinema ( closed by the council in 2011 after 16 years of operating , but now partially reopened on a part-time and volunteers basis ) and museum . From 2000 to 2010 , Croydon staged an annual summer festival celebrating the area 's black and Indian cultural diversity , with audiences reaching over 50,000 people . An internet radio station , Croydon Radio , is run by local people for the area . The borough is also home to its own local TV station , Croydon TV . Premier League football club Crystal Palace F.C. play at Selhurst Park in South Norwood , a stadium they have been based in since 1924 . Other landmarks in the borough include Addington Palace , an 18th-century mansion which became the official second residence of six archbishops , Shirley Windmill , one of the few surviving large windmills in Greater London built in the 1850s , and the BRIT School , a creative arts institute run by the BRIT Trust which has produced artists such as Adele , Amy Winehouse and Leona Lewis .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "95e4f96dfe4f2da67c28e55ef8f7c7e8",
"text": "Coat of arms of the City of London The coat of arms of the City of London is the official coat of arms of the City of London , which is one of a number of cities and boroughs in Greater London . The Corporation of the City of London has a full achievement of armorial bearings consisting of a shield on which the arms are displayed , a crest displayed on a helmet above the shield , supporters on either side and a motto displayed on a scroll beneath the arms . The blazon of the arms is as follows : Arms : Argent a cross gules , in the first quarter a sword in pale point upwards of the last . Crest : On a wreath argent and gules a dragon 's sinister wing argent charged on the underside with a cross throughout gules . Supporters : On either side a dragon argent charged on the undersides of the wings with a cross throughout gules . The coat of arms is `` anciently recorded '' at the College of Arms . It was in use in 1381 , forming part of the design of a new mayoralty seal taken into use on 17 April of that year . The arms consist of a silver shield bearing a red cross with a red upright sword in the first quarter . They combine the emblems of the patron saints of England and London : the Cross of St George with the symbol of the martyrdom of Saint Paul . The 1381 arms replaced an earlier shield , found on a charter of 1319 , that depicted St Paul holding a sword . The sword is often erroneously supposed to commemorate the killing of Peasants ' Revolt leader Wat Tyler by Lord Mayor of London William Walworth . However the arms were in use some months before Tyler 's death , and the tradition that Walworth 's dagger is depicted may date from the late 17th century . The crest and supporters came into use in the 17th century , but were used without authority until 30 April 1957 , when they were confirmed and granted by letters patent from the College of Arms . The crest is a dragon 's wing bearing the cross of St George , borne upon a peer 's helmet . A primitive form of the crest first appeared in 1539 on the reverse of a new common seal . This showed a fan-like object bearing a cross . Over time this evolved into a dragon 's wing , and was shown as such in 1633 when it appeared above the city 's coat of arms in the frontispiece to the fourth edition of John Stow 's Survey of London . The wing is specified as a dragon 's left wing , i.e. its proper left wing ( which can be compared to heraldic left ) . It has been speculated that the use of a peer 's helmet ( rather than that of a gentleman , in other civic arms ) relates to the use of the honorific prefix `` The Right Honourable '' by the Lord Mayor . The helm was confirmed in 1957 . However , there are various representations of the arms being surmounted by a ` Muscovy Hat ' as worn by the City Swordbearer over the Stuart and Georgian period most notably as carved on the George Dance Porch of the Guildhall . On the seal of 1381 two lions were shown supporting the arms . However , by 1609 the present supporters , two silver dragons bearing red crosses upon their wings , had been adopted . The dragons were probably suggested by the legend of Saint George and the Dragon . The Latin motto of the City is `` Domine dirige nos '' , which translates as `` Lord , direct ( guide ) us '' . It appears to have been adopted in the 17th Century , as the earliest record of it is in 1633 . A banner of the arms ( the design on the shield ) is flown as a flag of the City .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6718fc743993adf56fad4035c184c4f5",
"text": "Centre points of the United Kingdom There has long been debate over the exact location of the geographical centre of the United Kingdom , and its constituent countries , due to the complexity and method of the calculation , such as whether to include offshore islands , and the fact that erosion will cause the position to change over time . There are two main methods of calculating this `` centre '' : either as the centroid of the two-dimensional shape made by the country ( projected to the Airy ellipsoid then flattened using the Transverse Mercator projection ) , or as the point farthest from the boundary of the country ( either the sea , or , in the case of constituent countries , a land border ) . These two methods give quite different answers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f0225f654cb87b17631102bc38367817",
"text": "Indian community of London British Indians form the largest ethno-national group in London with a population of around 542,857 or 6.6 % of the population . The majority are concentrated in West London , home to London 's Hindu community , though populations can be found throughout London .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "98e03ec3b34d0a8cb0f9ca16b4c90571",
"text": ".london . london is a top-level domain ( TLD ) for London , England . It was approved by ICANN as a city-level TLD on 7 June 2013 . On 29 April 2014 , the domain name went on sale for the first time . Metro Bank and Fortnum and Mason have secured addresses , with some pages already live . London and Partners , which promotes the city , said that . london would carry a premium because of its exclusivity . It costs from # 6.99 annually for each domain name .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "407b50dc3215fe1bd66eaafcd3c8dbbe",
"text": "City of London (disambiguation) The City of London is the historic centre and main financial district of London , England . City of London may also refer to : London , the capital city of England London , Ontario , Canada City of London Corporation , the governing body of the City of London , England",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "85e073a007b1d8cf4e7be47ebeead0fe",
"text": "St Paul Covent Garden St Paul Covent Garden was a civil parish in the metropolitan area of London , England . The former area of the parish now corresponds to the Covent Garden market and surrounding streets in the City of Westminster .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "438a18421d69495ea18815d807f9fbba",
"text": "Hounslow London Borough Council Hounslow London Borough Council is the local authority for the London Borough of Hounslow in Greater London , England . It is a London borough council , one of 32 in the United Kingdom capital of London .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0b53deb9e321fd9586448e605f9ef4fd",
"text": "London Borough of Hackney The London Borough of Hackney ( -LSB- ˈhækni -RSB- ) is a London Borough in Inner London , United Kingdom . The historical and administrative heart of Hackney is Mare Street , which lies 5 mi north-east of Charing Cross . Southern and eastern parts of the borough are popularly regarded as being part of east London , with northern and western areas belonging to north London . The London Plan issued by the Greater London Authority assigns whole boroughs to sub-regions for statutory monitoring , engagement and resource allocation purposes . The most recent ( 2011 ) iteration of this plan assigns Hackney to the ` East ' sub-region , while the 2008 and 2004 versions assigned the borough to ` North ' and ` East ' sub-regions respectively . The modern borough was formed 1965 by the merger of the Metropolitan Borough of Hackney with the much smaller Metropolitan Boroughs of Stoke Newington and Shoreditch . Hackney is bounded by Islington to the west , Haringey to the north , Waltham Forest to the north-east , Newham to the east , Tower Hamlets to the south-east and the City of London to the south-west . Hackney was one of the host boroughs of the London Olympics in 2012 , with several of the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park venues falling within its boundaries .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fae77ba68c18745b7688b0f65e1ef68b",
"text": "Ealing London Borough Council Ealing London Borough Council is the local authority for the London Borough of Ealing in Greater London , England . It is a London borough council , one of 32 in the United Kingdom capital of London .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "12adec023b703fd24870211f954f95e6",
"text": "Clapham Clapham ( -LSB- ˈklæp.əm -RSB- ) is a district of south-west London lying mostly within the London Borough of Lambeth but with some areas ( most notably Clapham Common ) stretching out into the neighbouring London Borough of Wandsworth .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bf9ac53cb97cf3e5eda1289a61c9c513",
"text": "Canon Row Canon Row is an historic street in the City of Westminster in London . It is best known as the location of Canon Row Police Station .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5d3bb28d3de7c276faf57350557b1025",
"text": "Lambeth Palace Lambeth Palace is the official London residence of the Archbishop of Canterbury in England , in north Lambeth , on the south bank of the River Thames , 400 yards south-east of the Palace of Westminster , which houses the Houses of Parliament , on the opposite bank .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4c29c23eec38448680c520f4de3990d8",
"text": "London Councils London Councils is the local government association for Greater London , England . It is a cross-party organisation that represents London 's 32 borough councils and the City of London . It was formed in 1995 as a merger of the London Boroughs Association and the Association of London Authorities . In April 2000 it gained further functions as strategic local government in London was reorganised . London Councils is a think tank and lobbying organisation , and also provides some services directly through legislation that allows multiple local authorities to pool responsibility and funding . London Councils is based at 59 1/2 Southwark Street .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "33df7b0c124f91bb9d2c823dd917d4e7",
"text": "History of journalism in the United Kingdom The history of journalism in the United Kingdom includes the gathering and transmitting of news , spans the growth of technology and trade , marked by the advent of specialized techniques for gathering and disseminating information on a regular basis . In the analysis of historians , it involves the steady increase of the scope of news available to us and the speed with which it is transmitted . Newspapers have always been the primary medium of journalists since 1700 , with magazines added in the 18th century , radio and television in the 20th century , and the Internet in the 21st century . London has always been the main center of British journalism , followed at a distance by Edinburgh , Belfast , Dublin , and regional cities .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a58131c190446f754e9ba6a5e2190dc9",
"text": "Crime in London Crime in London , as in various cities , is very hard to measure . Police figures generally understate crime substantially and can be extremely misleading . Accordingly , recorded crime statistics need to be treated with great caution and have sometimes been shown to show opposite trends to victim surveys or to violence as measured by hospital intake . However , police figures are usually the only available way to gauge local crime . Greater London is served by three police forces ; the Metropolitan Police which is responsible for policing the vast majority of the capital and is geographically divided into 32 Borough Operational Command Units , the City of London Police which is responsible for The Square Mile of the City of London , and the British Transport Police which polices the rail network and London Underground . A fourth police force in London , the Ministry of Defence Police , do not generally become involved with policing the general public . Within the Home Office crime statistic publications Greater London is referred to as the London Region . Crime rates vary widely by area : several have problems with crime , while many others are very safe .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dbd61f90dc768e737f6cbd51ce0d9bc2",
"text": "Wandsworth Wandsworth -LSB- ˈwɒnzwərθ -RSB- is a district of southwest London within the London Borough of Wandsworth . It is situated 4.6 mi southwest of Charing Cross . The area is identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8b1f34a6f48cf2586d8c797a5b29e4cd",
"text": "London Borough of Ealing The London Borough of Ealing -LSB- ˈiːlɪŋ -RSB- is a London Borough in west London , England , and forms part of Outer London . It is the 3rd largest London Borough in population , and 11th largest in size , covering part of west London and a small part of north west London . Its administrative centre is Ealing Broadway . Other major centres include Acton , Greenford and Southall . The local authority is Ealing London Borough Council .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a49bbc6105c0852d405cf62b87f3c193",
"text": "London County London County may refer to : Greater London , England , a present-day county City of London , England , a city-county , and enclave of Greater London County of London , England , a former county London County Cricket Club , a short-lived English cricket club",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "70e38c247af90cc27f22849d86c77828",
"text": "Geography of London London is the largest urban area and capital city of the United Kingdom , located in southeastern Great Britain . The London region covers an area of 1579 km2 , and had a population of 7,172,036 in 2001 and a population density of 4,542 people per square kilometre . A larger area , referred to as the London Metropolitan Region or the London Metropolitan Agglomeration covers an area of 8382 km2 , and had a population of 12,653,500 and a population density of 1,510 people per square kilometre . London is a port on the Thames ( see main article Port of London ) , a navigable river . The river has had a major influence on the development of the city . London began on the Thames ' north bank and for a long time the main focus of the city remained on the north side of the Thames . For many centuries London Bridge was the only bridge in or close to the city . When more bridges were built in the 18th century , the city expanded in all directions as the mostly flat or gently rolling countryside presented no obstacle to growth .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
b33d5745323cdce194c8c28ad04227c8
|
Planet of the Apes' avant-garde score was composed by Jerry Goldsmith.
|
[
{
"docid": "f8ff89d49a4352fbbaa52d660f14cd3a",
"text": "Planet of the Apes (1968 film) Planet of the Apes is a 1968 American science fiction film directed by Franklin J. Schaffner . It stars Charlton Heston , Roddy McDowall , Kim Hunter , Maurice Evans , James Whitmore , James Daly and Linda Harrison . The screenplay by Michael Wilson and Rod Serling was loosely based on the 1963 French novel La Planète des Singes by Pierre Boulle . Jerry Goldsmith composed the groundbreaking avant-garde score . It was the first in a series of five films made between 1968 and 1973 , all produced by Arthur P. Jacobs and released by 20th Century Fox . The film tells the story of an astronaut crew who crash-land on a strange planet in the distant future . Although the planet appears desolate at first , the surviving crew members stumble upon a society in which apes have evolved into creatures with human-like intelligence and speech . The apes have assumed the role of the dominant species and humans are mute creatures wearing animal skins . The script was originally written by Rod Serling , but underwent many rewrites before filming eventually began . Directors J. Lee Thompson and Blake Edwards were approached , but the film 's producer Arthur P. Jacobs , upon the recommendation of Charlton Heston , chose Franklin J. Schaffner to direct the film . Schaffner 's changes included an ape society less advanced -- and therefore less expensive to depict -- than that of the original novel . Filming took place between May 21 and August 10 , 1967 , in California , Utah and Arizona , with desert sequences shot in and around Lake Powell , Glen Canyon National Recreation Area . The film 's final `` closed '' cost was $ 5.8 million . The film was released on February 8 , 1968 , in the United States and was a commercial success , earning a lifetime domestic gross of $ 32.6 million . The film was groundbreaking for its prosthetic makeup techniques by artist John Chambers and was well received by critics and audiences , launching a film franchise , including four sequels , as well as a short-lived television show , animated series , comic books , and various merchandising . In particular , Roddy McDowall had a long-running relationship with the Apes series , appearing in four of the original five films ( absent , apart from a brief voiceover , from the second film of the series , Beneath the Planet of the Apes , in which he was replaced by David Watson in the role of Cornelius ) , and also in the television series . The original series was followed by Tim Burton 's remake Planet of the Apes in 2001 and the reboot Rise of the Planet of the Apes in 2011 . Also in 2001 , Planet of the Apes was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "8a9bf080a192c782a636da86bd8b9f9f",
"text": "Tod Dockstader Tod Dockstader ( March 20 , 1932 -- February 27 , 2015 ) was an American composer of electronic music , and particularly musique concrète . Dockstader was born in Saint Paul , Minnesota , United States . He studied painting and film while at the University of Minnesota , before moving to Hollywood in 1955 , to become an apprentice film editor . He moved into work as a sound engineer in 1958 , and apprenticed at Gotham Recording Studios , where he first started composing . Around this same time he also worked for Terrytoons alongside Gene Deitch . From 1961 to 1962 , when Deitch directed thirteen new Tom and Jerry shorts , Dockstader was responsible for creating the unusual , heavily reverberated sound effects heard throughout them ; he also wrote the shorts Mouse into Space and Landing Stripling . Dockstader 's first record , Eight Electronic Pieces , was released in 1960 , and was later used as the soundtrack to Federico Fellini 's Fellini Satyricon ( 1969 ) . He continued to create music throughout the first half of that decade , working principally with tape manipulation effects . In 1966 Owl Records released four albums of his work from this period including what many consider to be Dockstader 's masterpiece , Quatermass . He achieved modest recognition and radio play alongside the likes of Karlheinz Stockhausen , Edgard Varèse , and John Cage . In 1961 he applied to use the facilities at the Columbia-Princeton Electronic Music Center and was denied access by Vladimir Ussachevsky . Ussachevsky 's official reason was the `` overstrained '' scheduling of the studios , although many suspect that Dockstader 's lack of academic training was a factor in the decision . After leaving Gotham Recording Studios in the late 1960s he formed the audio-visual service Westport Communications Group along with business partner , and former Gotham executive , Fred Hertz . The company focused on corporate clients and produced award-winning educational films for the American Heritage series . Dockstader was also a prolific writer , with several articles published by Electronic Music Review and The Musical Quarterly . In the early 1990s , Starkland re-released most of the content of Dockstader 's out-of-print Owl records , along with previously unreleased material . The two CDs brought new , significant acclaim to the composer . The Washington Post called Dockstader `` a highly imaginative pioneer , '' and The Wire concluded , `` The obsessive care with which Starkland have compiled these extraordinary recordings should ensure that Dockstader will be remembered as the innovative , visionary figure he undoubtedly was . '' Reinvigorated , Dockstader returned to music at the start of the 21st century , adopting computer composition in favor of tapes . New CDs appeared from Sub Rosa and ReR Megacorp . Work on a documentary about his life , Unlocking Dockstader , was begun in 2011 , however lack of funding has stalled the project . He died in Arlington , Massachusetts , on February 27 , 2015 , at the age of 82 . In 2016 , Starkland released `` Tod Dockstader : From the Archives , '' a CD that premiered 15 works selected from the unexpected discovery of 4,200 sound files found on Dockstader 's private computer after his death . Created from 2000-2008 , these were among the last pieces composed by Dockstader , before dementia put an end to his studio work .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5784460fab954607c55204fad19a555b",
"text": "The Family Way (soundtrack) The Family Way is a soundtrack recording composed by Paul McCartney , released in January 1967 . The album is the soundtrack to the 1966 film of the same name , directed by Roy Boulting and starring Hayley Mills . Produced and arranged by George Martin , the album was credited to `` The George Martin Orchestra '' and issued under the full title The Family Way ( Original Soundtrack Album ) . A 45rpm single , again credited to the George Martin Orchestra , was issued on 23 December 1966 , comprising `` Love in the Open Air '' backed with `` Theme From ` The Family Way ' '' , as United Artists UP1165 . The Family Way won an Ivor Novello Award in 1967 . It was remastered and released on CD in 1996 with new musical compositions not on the original 1967 soundtrack album . The recording took place over November and December 1966 , before the Beatles began work on their album Sgt. Pepper 's Lonely Hearts Club Band . McCartney 's involvement in the project was minimal , according to biographer Howard Sounes , who quotes Martin 's recollection that he had to `` pester Paul for the briefest scrap of a tune '' with which to start writing the score . After McCartney had provided `` a sweet little fragment of a waltz tune '' , Martin continued , `` I was able to complete the score . '' Although The Family Way was released in January 1967 , most commentators consider George Harrison 's Wonderwall Music ( 1968 ) , also a film soundtrack , to be the first solo album by a member of the Beatles . Unlike with McCartney 's film score , Harrison directed and produced the recordings for Wonderwall Music , in addition to playing on some of the album . Following a 2003 CD reissue in mono , in 2011 a new remastered version of the soundtrack was released by Varese Vintage that featured the original 1967 score by Paul McCartney in the original sequence , remastered from the original first generation stereo master tapes , and included the unreleased stereo mix of `` A Theme From The Family Way '' as a bonus track , which had appeared originally as the B-side of the 1966 UK/US 7-inch single by the Tudor Minstrels .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "116a56e7611d71c517c8d3661caeee59",
"text": "Lennie Niehaus Lennie Niehaus ( né Leonard Niehaus ; born June 1 , 1929 ) is an American alto saxophonist , arranger , and composer on the West Coast jazz scene . He has played with the Stan Kenton big band , and various other jazz bands on the West Coast of the U.S. Niehaus has arranged and composed for motion pictures , including several produced by Clint Eastwood .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1a3fe3a53cf35b07723c072225e875af",
"text": "Casual-T Casual-T is a New York/Hollywood-based musical composer and musician . He earned his Master of Music in Percussion Performance from the University of Music and Performing Arts , Vienna in 1992 , and his second Master of Music from the Conservatory of the City of Vienna in Drum Set Performance in 1995 . As a drummer Casual-T studied with Prof. Horst Berger , Prof. Wolfgang Schuster , and Prof. Kurt Prihoda , who , at the time , were all members of the Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra , as well as Prof , Gerhard Fromme from the Vienna Radio Symphony Orchestra . He studied Drum Set with Prof. Walter Grassmann and Prof. Fredvard Muehlhofer , as well as Latin percussion with Prof. Anton Muehlhofer . He also studied privately with renowned Drum Set artists Kenwood Dennard , Jojo Mayer , Gene Lake , and Marimbaphone soloist Neboja Zivkovic . As a composer he has written music for three feature films , as well as a number of short subject films , and has received many placements on cable and network TV programs . He participated in the 2010 `` Hollywood Calling '' film scoring workshop with Christopher Young , the 2010 Rick Baitz `` Composing for the Screen '' Film Scoring Workshop , and the 2009 `` The Art of Orchestration '' Workshop with Steven Scott Smalley . He was a featured composer in the June '08 edition of Student Filmmakers Magazine . As a drummer he has performed with orchestras and chamber music ensembles throughout Europe , as well as numerous bands worldwide . Amongst these bands was the Austrian Indie-band Bomb Circle , as well as NYC-Glam Rock Darlings The Drown . He also performed as a drummer for the Broadway productions of the musicals Chicago ( revival ) and Spring Awakening , as well as off-broadway , off-off broadway productions and theater festivals such as the world-premiere of `` This One Girl 's Story '' , a musical inspired by the proud life of Sakia Gunn , at the 2010 Gayfest NYC , New York International Fringe Festival , and The Gallery Players ( whose production for the musical Urinetown , won Outstanding Production of a Musical at the 2007 New York Innovative Theatre Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "62eeab70dbf5974f29f9e6b603f020f5",
"text": "Planet of the Apes (disambiguation) Planet of the Apes is a film and media franchise involving a world where humans and intelligent apes clash for control . Planet of the Apes may also refer to :",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e40bda1a328c78c6ad9e0efe6a7e0b80",
"text": "King Kong: Jean-Luc Ponty Plays the Music of Frank Zappa King Kong : Jean-Luc Ponty Plays the Music of Frank Zappa ( or simply King Kong ) is an album by French jazz fusion artist Jean-Luc Ponty first released in 1970 on Liberty Records ' World Pacific Records subsidiary label and later released on Blue Note . The album contains numerous selections Zappa had previously recorded either with the Mothers of Invention or under his own name , including : `` King Kong '' , originally included on the Mothers ' 1969 album Uncle Meat `` Idiot Bastard Son '' , from the Mothers ' 1968 album We 're Only in It for the Money `` Twenty Small Cigars '' , from Zappa 's 1970 album Chunga 's Revenge `` America Drinks and Goes Home '' , from the Mothers ' 1967 album Absolutely Free In addition , the track `` Music For Electric Violin And Low Budget Orchestra '' includes the themes from `` Duke of Prunes '' , from Absolutely Free , and `` Pound for a Brown '' , from Uncle Meat . Zappa excised those themes , and everything that followed them , when he later recorded the piece himself under the title `` Revised Music For Guitar And Low-Budget Orchestra '' , which was first released on his 1978 album Studio Tan . George Duke , who would eventually join Zappa and Ponty in the Mothers , is featured on piano on all tracks . Ernie Watts is featured on alto and/or tenor saxophone on tracks 2 , 3 , 4 , and 6 . Zappa himself plays guitar on track 4 , and Mothers members Ian Underwood ( tenor sax ) and Art Tripp ( drums ) contribute on track 1 , 5 , and 6 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "471ee8d0fb1a9d821e06ca26d22c0899",
"text": "Filmworks III: 1990–1995 Filmworks III : 1990 -- 1995 features the scores for film and advertisements by John Zorn . The album was originally released on the Japanese labels Evva in 1995 and Toys Factory in 1996 and subsequently re-released on Zorn 's own label , Tzadik Records , in 1997 . It features the music that Zorn wrote and recorded for Thieves Quartet ( 1993 ) , directed by Joe Chappelle , which was performed by the group that would become Masada ; nine cues for Kiriko Kubo 's Music For Tsunta ( 1988 ) ; eleven tracks for Hollywood Hotel ( 1994 ) , directed by Mei-Juin Chen ; and thirty-two pieces for advertisements by Wieden & Kennedy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "adb715346ec337def0c4b40709cb5e1b",
"text": "James Oliverio James Oliverio is an American composer of film scores and contemporary classical music .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "895d4076d1a7aee760bc2967bd05e497",
"text": "Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Composition The Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Composition ( including its previous names ) has been awarded since 1960 . The award is presented to the composer of an original piece of music ( not an adaptation ) , first released during the eligibility year . In theory , any style of music is eligible for this category , but winning compositions are usually in the jazz or film score genres . The Grammy is awarded to the composer ( s ) of the music , not to the performing artist , except if the artist is also the composer . There have been several minor changes to the name of the award : In 1958 it was awarded as Best Musical Composition First Recorded and Released in 1958 ( over 5 minutes duration ) In 1960 it was awarded as Best Musical Composition First Recorded and Released in 1959 ( more than 5 minutes duration ) In 1962 it was awarded as Best Instrumental Theme or Instrumental Version of Song From 1963 to 1964 and from 1967 to 1970 it was awarded as Best Instrumental Theme In 1965 it was awarded as Best Instrumental Composition ( other than jazz ) From 1971 to the present it has been awarded as Best Instrumental Composition Years reflect the year in which the Grammy Awards were presented , for works released in the previous year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4873bdb1778c8fde695c764457926291",
"text": "Peter Thomas (composer) Peter Thomas is a German composer/arranger . He was born in Breslau ( Silesia ) on 1 December 1925 , and his active career spanned more than 50 years between 1955 and 2006 . He is known for his TV and film soundtracks ( such as ` Raumpatrouille ' , the Edgar Wallace movies film series , and the Jerry Cotton film series ) . The restored Brandenburg Gate in Berlin was re-opened in 2002 with a live version of the main theme of the `` Raumpatrouille '' - soundtrack . In his directorial debut , Confessions of a Dangerous Mind ( 2002 ) , actor George Clooney used three tracks of Peter Thomas ' music originally composed for Edgar Wallace movies of the 1960s ( in their original mono versions ) . The 1990s avant-garde band Mr. Bungle performed his piece `` Love In Space '' on several dates of their 1995/1996 tour for Disco Volante . For some of his exceptional scores Thomas used a self-developed musical instrument called `` ThoWiephon '' , today being exhibited in the `` Deutsche Museum '' in Munich , standing near the famous Theremin , also being used in many movies .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2c062ce5d527d8181abffa8183e35a2a",
"text": "David A. Goldsmith David A. Goldsmith lives and works in the UK and Italy . His career in television spans the vast technological changes : from film to videotape ; from black & white to colour ; from terrestrial to satellite ; from the UK 's three national networks to the plethora of channels today ; from analogue to digital ; from 405 lines to High Definition . He moved through the ranks : from a Programme Assistant in educational television to a presenter of Ready Steady Go ! ; from film Location Manager at the newly formed Yorkshire TV to Programme Director ; from drama to current affairs ; from making documentaries in ITV to directing at ITN where he won a BAFTA award covering the 1980 Iranian Embassy Siege . Other experiences include : teaching at the then London College of Printing , TV production for the Metropolitan Police , directing the pan-European satellite experiment , setting up the BBC 's school of TV Journalism in Bucharest , starting the RGB news production Partnership , and as a Vice President at ScanSat Broadcasting launching its news department . In 1993 he acted as an advisor to a start up television company in Hungary . Assisted in the production of a documentary about the British television industry . His documentaries mainly in the field of human rights range : from the 1964 civil rights campaign in Mississippi to Amnesty International 's concern about the state of human rights in Mexico ; from following the Six-Day War in Jerusalem to the role of policewomen under the Equal Opportunities Act ; from World War I Old Contemptibles in Flanders to Hells Angels in Great Britain . His enthusiasm for the documentary led to his book The Documentary Makers published by RotoVision . Since 2006 he has been developing a film project to be shot in Venezuela .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "860be874bc78939fe9feb2988fd53a45",
"text": "Joseph Dillon Ford Joseph Dillon Ford ( born February 6 , 1952 in Americus , Georgia , US ) is an American composer and author . He holds undergraduate degrees in music and graduate degrees in both musicology and landscape architecture . Although he focussed on keyboard performance during his college years , Ford completed his training at Harvard as a Variell Scholar specializing in historical musicology . He studied twentieth-century composers and compositional techniques with Ivan Tcherepnin , the works of Bach and Handel with Christoph Wolff , Dowland and the English lutenists with John Ward , and the music of medieval Aquitaine with David Hughes . His major works include a symphony , a piano concerto , a harpsichord concerto , choral music , and a large quantity of chamber and solo works for the piano and other instruments . Although most of his oeuvre is tonal -- often very traditionally so , he has also produced non-tonal work using both acoustic and electronic media , and has developed synthetic chromatic dialects amenable to both idioms . In recent years he has published online Orpheus in the Twenty-first Century : Historicism and the Art-Music Renascence ( 2003 ) , a multimedia e-book on music aesthetics ; Chromatic One : A New Technique for Instrumental Speech ( 2003 ) , a monograph detailing an innovative art form fusing music and spoken language ; and numerous articles , poems , and short works of fiction . Keenly interested in emergent music and telecommunications technologies and the rich potential they offer for international creative collaborations , he also conceived and brought to fruition numerous large-scale projects in which his interdisciplinary artistic background has proven to be an especially useful asset . These include the world 's largest sound sculpture , an ongoing Web-based work that commemorates the monumental `` Standing Buddhas of Bamiyan '' demolished by the Taliban in 2001 ; the `` Westron Wynde '' Project ( begun in 2004 ) , for which composers in the US , Canada , and the UK each contributed music for James J. Pellerite ( former principal flutist of the Philadelphia Orchestra ) ; the Delian Suites Nos. 1 through 5 ( 2005 -- 09 ) , each exploring various tonal idioms ( No. 4 in cooperation with the Colloque Fou de Basson , Conservatoire Gabriel Fauré , Angoulême ) ; Nu Mu -LSB- sic ! -RSB- Unlimited ( 2006 -- 09 ) , the world 's first virtual new music festival ; and Ye New Music Fayre ( 2008 -- 09 ) , a seminal event featuring new music composed in traditional tonal and modal styles . Ford is the founder of the Delian Society , whose efforts to reinvigorate tonal music have attracted many composers and performers on six continents and have drawn attention to the accomplishments of other outstanding artists through an ongoing annual awards program . He presently resides in Gainesville , Florida , US .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "471dfc6f1e5e254d72aa1a99f2ba9a19",
"text": "Beaver & Krause Beaver & Krause were a musical duo made up of Paul Beaver and Bernie Krause . Their 1967 album The Nonesuch Guide to Electronic Music was a pioneering work in the electronic music genre . Beaver introduced Monkees singer-drummer Micky Dolenz to the Moog , which became a featured instrument on the fourth Monkees album , Pisces , Aquarius , Capricorn & Jones Ltd. , and Beaver himself performed on one track , `` Star Collector '' in 1967 . In addition , he led workshops at the Beaver & Krause LA studio attended by a who 's who of film composers and session keyboardists of the time . In June 1967 , Beaver and Krause set up a booth at the Monterey Pop Festival , demonstrating their newly purchased electronic synthesiser , one of the first constructed by Bob Moog . Thanks to their demonstrations of the Moog at Monterey , Beaver and Krause also introduced the instrument to a number of other leading American pop acts including The Doors , Simon & Garfunkel and The Byrds , helping to create the vogue for the Moog that emerged in the late 1960s and early 1970s . Krause introduced the instrument first to Sir George Martin , producer of the Beatles , and then to George Harrison during Harrison 's 1968 visit to California while producing the Apple artist , Jackie Lomax . He used it to generate his 1969 free-form solo Electronic Sound album for Apple Records ' spinoff label Zapple , with the first side of the disc consisting of not only Krause 's composition , but also his performance -- one that remained completely unacknowledged and uncompensated for . In 1968 , Beaver and Krause released an album for Mercury Records imprint Limelight Records , Ragnarok , then released a series of three albums for Warner Brothers Records , In a Wild Sanctuary ( 1970 ) , Gandharva ( 1971 ) and All Good Men ( 1972 ) , effectively creating both the electronica and New Age musical movements . The final chord of the track `` Spaced '' from their album , In a Wild Sanctuary , is abnormally similar to the later synthesizer THX Sound Logo heard for years in movie theaters and named deep note . The THX performance conveniently begins on the same first note ( a G pedal tone ) , splits into an 8-tone glissando with four notes rising and four descending , and ends on the same open ( D Major ) chord . Despite THX 's contention that it was not directly influenced by Beaver and Krause , no other musical rendering of that kind can be found over the entire course of musical history . Both Mike Bloomfield and Ronnie Montrose played guitar on the Beaver & Krause song `` Saga Of The Blue Beaver '' . The duo ended with Beaver 's premature death in January , 1975 , at age 49 . Krause released at least two more solo albums : Citadels of Mystery in 1979 and Gorillas in the Mix in 1988 . He also scored music and/or effects for many movies like Apocalypse Now on synthesizer . In 1995 Krause released an album of Holiday music with Phil Aaberg composed entirely of sampled animal noises recorded in the wild titled A Wild Christmas . Since earning his Ph.D. in Creative ( Sound ) Arts with an internship in bioacoustics ( 1981 ) , Krause has specialized almost exclusively in the recording and archiving of natural soundscapes from wild habitats worldwide and has been a major influence in the introduction to bioacoustics of the fields of soundscape ecology and ecoacoustics . In 2014 , Krause collaborated with Richard Blackford , former composer-in-residence at Balliol College Oxford , to compose a symphony titled , The Great Animal Orchestra Symphony for Orchestra and Wild Soundscapes , commissioned and performed by the BBC National Orchestra of Wales . Echoing the pioneering ecoacoustic approach in Beaver & Krause 's In A Wild Sanctuary , the symphony featured the first full orchestration combining wild soundscapes performed live as a component of orchestration . In 2015 , Blackford and Krause were commissioned by the Alonzo King LINES Ballet , an internationally known corps based in San Francisco , to score the ballet , Biophony , which premiered in April of that year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ac205615d59cec0331b80190a943b585",
"text": "Dirk Brossé Dirk Brossé , Ridder ( born 18 February 1960 , Ghent ) is a Belgian conductor and composer . He has composed over 200 works , including concerti , oratorios , lieder , chamber music and symphonic works . Brossé has also composed extensively for stage , cinema , television . His score for the BBC/HBO series Parade 's End ( 2012 ) was nominated for an Emmy Award . Dirk Brossé is currently Music Director of the Chamber Orchestra of Philadelphia and of the Ghent Film Festival . In 2009 , John Williams chose him as Principal Conductor of the Star Wars in Concert World Tour . Brossé is also professor of composition and conducting at the Royal Conservatory of Ghent . Dirk Brossé has conducted international orchestras , both at home and abroad . Amongst them , the London Symphony Orchestra , London Philharmonic Orchestra , Royal Philharmonic , Vancouver Opera , Opéra National de Lyon , Hong Kong Chinese Orchestra , Orchestre de la Suisse Romande and the Pilharmonic Orchestras of Brussels , Antwerp , Rotterdam , Basel , Madrid , Porto , Birmingham , Ulster , Shanghai , Hong Kong , Seoul , Queensland , St Petersburg , Los Angeles and Boston . In 2008 , he made his first appearance at the Royal Albert Hall in London , conducting the London Symphony Orchestra . In 2010 , at the request of the Hong Kong Chinese Orchestra , he wrote The Hallow-e ` en Dances . This Halloween-inspired work is especially written for age-old , traditional Chinese instruments . Brossé recently composed Haiku Cycle 1 , written for Jessye Norman and based on Haiku by Herman Van Rompuy . He has made more than 70 CD recordings and has collaborated with world-class artists such as José Van Dam , Barbara Hendricks , Julia Migenes , Claron McFadden , Julian Lloyd Webber , Sabine Meyer , Alison Balsom , Salvatore Accardo , John Williams , Toots Thielemans , Hans Zimmer , Elmer Bernstein , Emma Thompson , Kenneth Branagh , Randy Crawford , Lisa Gerrard , Mel Brooks , Maurane , Sinead O ' Connor , Maurice Jarre , Michel Legrand and Youssou N'Dour . Dirk Brossé has worked with directors Stijn Coninx , Frank Van Laecke , Susanna White and Roland Joffé , and with writers Gabriel Garcia Marquez , Seth Gaaikema and Didier Van Cauwelaert . Dirk Brossé has been awarded the title Cultural Ambassador of Flanders , the Flemish Parliament 's Gold Medal for Merit , the Achille Van Acker Prize , the Joseph Plateau Honorary Award and the Global Thinkers Forum Award for Excellence in Cultural Creativity . In 2010 , Dirk Brossé was made an honorary citizen of Destelbergen . In 2013 , he was elevated to Belgium 's hereditary nobility , with the personal title of Ridder .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f45f9222a3ccaaeeed14340efacdbe70",
"text": "Music Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time . The common elements of music are pitch ( which governs melody and harmony ) , rhythm ( and its associated concepts tempo , meter , and articulation ) , dynamics ( loudness and softness ) , and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture ( which are sometimes termed the `` color '' of a musical sound ) . Different styles or types of music may emphasize , de-emphasize or omit some of these elements . Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping ; there are solely instrumental pieces , solely vocal pieces ( such as songs without instrumental accompaniment ) and pieces that combine singing and instruments . The word derives from Greek μουσική #Ancient Greek ( mousike ; `` art of the Muses '' ) . In its most general form , the activities describing music as an art form or cultural activity include the creation of works of music ( songs , tunes , symphonies , and so on ) , the criticism of music , the study of the history of music , and the aesthetic examination of music . Ancient Greek and Indian philosophers defined music as tones ordered horizontally as melodies and vertically as harmonies . Common sayings such as `` the harmony of the spheres '' and `` it is music to my ears '' point to the notion that music is often ordered and pleasant to listen to . However , 20th-century composer John Cage thought that any sound can be music , saying , for example , `` There is no noise , only sound . '' The creation , performance , significance , and even the definition of music vary according to culture and social context . Indeed , throughout history , some new forms or styles of music have been criticized as `` not being music '' , including Beethoven 's Grosse Fuge string quartet in 1825 , early jazz in the beginning of the 1900s and hardcore punk in the 1980s . There are many types of music , including popular music , traditional music , art music , music written for religious ceremonies and work songs such as chanteys . Music ranges from strictly organized compositions -- such as Classical music symphonies from the 1700s and 1800s , through to spontaneously played improvisational music such as jazz , and avant-garde styles of chance-based contemporary music from the 20th and 21st centuries . Music can be divided into genres ( e.g. , country music ) and genres can be further divided into subgenres ( e.g. , country blues and pop country are two of the many country subgenres ) , although the dividing lines and relationships between music genres are often subtle , sometimes open to personal interpretation , and occasionally controversial . For example , it can be hard to draw the line between some early 1980s hard rock and heavy metal . Within the arts , music may be classified as a performing art , a fine art or as an auditory art . Music may be played or sung and heard live at a rock concert or orchestra performance , heard live as part of a dramatic work ( a music theater show or opera ) , or it may be recorded and listened to on a radio , MP3 player , CD player , smartphone or as film score or TV show . In many cultures , music is an important part of people 's way of life , as it plays a key role in religious rituals , rite of passage ceremonies ( e.g. , graduation and marriage ) , social activities ( e.g. , dancing ) and cultural activities ranging from amateur karaoke singing to playing in an amateur funk band or singing in a community choir . People may make music as a hobby , like a teen playing cello in a youth orchestra , or work as a professional musician or singer . The music industry includes the individuals who create new songs and musical pieces ( such as songwriters and composers ) , individuals who perform music ( which include orchestra , jazz band and rock band musicians , singers and conductors ) , individuals who record music ( music producers and sound engineers ) , individuals who organize concert tours , and individuals who sell recordings and sheet music and scores to customers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7b06dc438fe330418ef5af037496b451",
"text": "Disasterpiece Theatre Disasterpiece Theatre was a comedy television program that aired in the early 1980s on XETV , a station in Tijuana , Mexico owned by Mexican media company Grupo Televisa which broadcasts in English across the border to neighboring San Diego , California . The show 's title is both a play on the long-running PBS anthology program Masterpiece Theatre and a reference to the low-budget , campy science fiction and horror films that were lampooned each week . At the time of Disasterpiece Theatre '' 's run , XETV was an independent station ; today it serves as the San Diego affiliate of The CW network . The premise of the show was simple : show the worst movies ever made and make fun of them . Among the films shown were Shriek of the Mutilated , Monster on Campus , The Thing That Could n't Die , The Mummy 's Hand , Born to Speed , Big Boy Rides Again , First Spaceship on Venus and Curse of the Undead . Comments would be written as subtitles during the movie ; for example , in Track of the Moonbeast a character says , `` I 'm somewhat of an ... ( laughs ) an adventurer , '' and the word `` IDIOT '' appeared on screen during the pause in the middle of the sentence . Sometimes music would be added and , in some cases , redubbing by the writers would occur . On a showing of First Spaceship on Venus , the soundtrack was replaced by the writers ' voices arguing about which television show they are going to watch , similar to the overdubbing idea in What 's Up , Tiger Lily?Jay Curtis hosted the show as Sal U. Lloyd , a play on the word celluloid . Bruce Mueller played `` The Other Guy '' and would often dress up as The Mummy , A Lion Tamer , and the Network Producer . Curtis and Mueller wrote and produced the show . Fred Stern was a constant contributor and served as the show 's musical director . Stern chose popular music that was added to scenes for comic punctuation . As an example , during the film Beginning of the End , giant grasshoppers are attacking Chicago , scientists decide to use the grasshopper mating call to lure the creatures into Lake Michigan but instead of the mating call coming from a boat loudspeaker , the audience hears At the Hop by Danny and the Juniors and the monsters hop in and drown . San Diego radio announcer Gary Cocker appeared on the show many times . Guests included Whoopi Goldberg , Richard Simmons , and J. Michael Straczynski . The show was done so cheaply , the producers would tape over the same reels , thus erasing the previous episode . In the show , Curtis and Mueller 's microphone cords are easily visible , but it is the poor production quality that makes the show more humorous . Sal U. Lloyd was portrayed as a big loser who hates his job . In one episode , he explains his position : `` I 'm sick of television ... I wan na be a rock and roll star . I wan na make some money . '' He is often seen receiving some kind of brain damage after showing a movie . Several times , Lloyd has a run-in with the network producer , George Mucas ( obviously a parody of George Lucas ) , who hates the show . In reality , Curtis had a strong rivalry with the actual network producer of XETV , who eventually cancelled the show . The show became quite successful , generating a loyal following and beating Saturday Night Live in the ratings several times . However , the show was eventually cancelled due to creative control with the station . Although the show is not widely acclaimed , it is mentionable for inspiring a generation of cult television shows that used the same premise , such as Mystery Science Theater 3000 . In 1991 , the Beetlejuice episode `` Moby Richard '' had Lydia staging a television dramatization of `` Moby Dick '' for the Neitherworld program `` Disasterpiece Theatre . '' In 1993 , Animaniacs had an episode of the same title . In 2009 , the creators of Disasterpiece Theatre '' created a YouTube Page posting archival footage of the show .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9b4cc26296c30f87b2664e88dac735ec",
"text": "Morton Feldman Morton Feldman ( January 12 , 1926 -- September 3 , 1987 ) was an American composer . A major figure in 20th-century music , Feldman was a pioneer of indeterminate music , a development associated with the experimental New York School of composers also including John Cage , Christian Wolff , and Earle Brown . Feldman 's works are characterized by notational innovations that he developed to create his characteristic sound : rhythms that seem to be free and floating ; pitch shadings that seem softly unfocused ; a generally quiet and slowly evolving music ; recurring asymmetric patterns . His later works , after 1977 , also begin to explore extremes of duration .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "139624e58a09dcb5f8ea7b4e80fa282a",
"text": "Tarzan Escapes Tarzan Escapes is a 1936 Tarzan film based on the character created by Edgar Rice Burroughs . It was the third in the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Tarzan series to feature Johnny Weissmuller as the `` King of the Apes '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9e6d168786dfaa5f03b91d2be3743d50",
"text": "GoldenEye (soundtrack) GoldenEye is the soundtrack to the 17th James Bond film of the same name and was composed by Éric Serra . It was released by EMI on November 14 , 1995 . Serra composed and performed a number of synthesizer tracks , including the radically reworked version of the James Bond Theme that plays during the gun barrel sequence , while John Altman and David Arch provided the more traditional symphonic music . The producers hired composer John Altman to write a more traditional , orchestral score piece for the tank-chase scene in St. Petersburg . Serra 's original , unused track for that sequence can still be found on the soundtrack album as A Pleasant Drive in St. Petersburg . The theme song `` GoldenEye '' was written by Bono and The Edge of rock band U2 and was performed by Tina Turner . The song was later covered by Nicole Scherzinger for the 2010 remastering of the GoldenEye 007 video game . The Swedish pop band Ace of Base was also involved at one point , producing a different theme song -- also called `` GoldenEye '' -- which does not appear in the film or soundtrack . This song was later released with slightly revised lyrics as `` The Juvenile '' on their 2002 album Da Capo , replacing the word `` GoldenEye '' with `` Juvenille '' . The soundtrack does not feature the comedic rendition of the Tammy Wynette song `` Stand By Your Man '' from the film .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "96b329144ace56e27b6c4ae16d798ed7",
"text": "Patrick Gowers William Patrick Gowers ( 5 May 1936 -- 30 December 2014 ) was an English composer , mainly known for his film scores . Born in Islington , Gowers was the son of Stella Gowers ( née Pelly ) and Richard Gowers , a solicitor . His great-grandfather was the neurologist Sir William Richard Gowers , and his grandfather was the civil servant and writer Sir Ernest Gowers . He was educated at Radley College and later read music at Cambridge University . Whilst at Cambridge , he composed music for the Cambridge Footlights and taught composition part-time . He completed his doctorate , on the music of Erik Satie , in 1966 . Gowers served as assistant conductor of Bill Russo 's London Jazz Orchestra . In 1964 , he was music director of the Royal Shakespeare Company 's productions of Marat/Sade in the West End and in New York . He subsequently composed the music for the 1967 film of Marat/Sade . In the 1970s , he directed the electronic music studio at Dartington and played keyboards for the New Swingle Singers . Gowers began composing for feature and documentary films more extensively after his work on the film of Marat/Sade . Another notable early film score was for the 1969 Tony Richardson film of Hamlet . Other films for which he composed the music included : Thomas er Fredloes ( 1968 ) Balladen om Carl-Henning ( 1969 ) The Virgin and the Gypsy ( 1970 ) Giv Gud en Chance Om Soendagen ( 1970 ) The Boy Who Turned Yellow ( 1972 ) Farlige kys ( 1972 ) A Bigger Splash ( 1974 ) Children of Rage ( 1975 ) Stevie ( 1978 ) Whoops Apocalypse ( 1986 ) Comic Act ( 1998 ) Gowers started writing music for television in the 1970s . In 1982 , he won the BAFTA original music award for his scores for Smiley 's People , The Woman in White and I Remember Nelson . Gowers composed the music to The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes and its sequels , starring Jeremy Brett , whose series ran from 1984 to 1994 ; the soundtrack was released in 1987 . Gowers also scored the TV film adaptations with Brett of The Sign of Four ( 1987 ) and The Hound of the Baskervilles ( 1988 ) . Amongst other TV series for which he composed the music are Therese Raquin ( 1980 ) , Anna Karenina ( 1985 ) , and Forever Green ( 1989 ) . Gowers ' concert music included works written for the guitarist John Williams : Chamber Concerto for Guitar and Rhapsody for Guitar , Electric Guitars and Electric Organ . He was also noted for his choral music , including his setting of Veni Sancte Spiritus and his commission for the consecration of Richard Harries as bishop of Oxford , Viri Galilaei ( 1987 ) . He also composed a Cantata ( 1991 ) and several other anthems such as `` Holy , Holy , Holy '' and `` Aveto Augustine '' . Other works include his `` Toccata '' for organ , commissioned by Simon Preston and joined over a decade later by a fugue , and his `` Occasional Trumpet Voluntary '' . Gowers married Caroline Maurice in 1961 . The couple had three children , the mathematician Sir Timothy Gowers , the writer Rebecca Gowers , and the violinist Katharine Gowers . His widow and children survive him .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
ac7e19a8ab5d895be0da6be1f9e61323
|
On March 28, 1943, Richard Eyre was born.
|
[
{
"docid": "1e06fe1f40c325e5d077dfc6671fbe64",
"text": "Richard Eyre Sir Richard Charles Hastings Eyre ( born 28 March 1943 ) is an English film , theatre , television and opera director .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "920395ada0e46c44e5a4a9178446cff8",
"text": "Richard Overy Richard James Overy ( born 23 December 1947 ) is a British historian who has published extensively on the history of World War II and the Third Reich . In 2007 as The Times editor of Complete History of the World , he chose the 50 key dates of world history .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "87aa9bfef9e7de3ee42354bbb8ecd9ef",
"text": "Jane Eyre (1910 film) Jane Eyre is a 1910 American silent short classic drama produced by the Thanhouser Film Corporation . Adapted from Charlotte Brontë 's 1847 novel , Jane Eyre , the film mirrors the events and plot of the original book . The writer of the scenario is unknown , but Lloyd Lonergan probably adapted the work . The film 's director is often and erroneously claimed to be Theodore Marston , but Barry O'Neil or Lloyd B. Carleton are possible candidates . The cast of the film was credited , an act rare and unusual in the era . This was the first American , first English language and second or third worldwide movie adaptation , of at least 27 film and television versionsof the novel . Such repeated dissemination has made the Brontë sisters ' two major works ubiquitous . The single reel film , approximately 1000 feet long , was released on May 6 , 1910 . It was later credited by Edwin Thanhouser as marking the assured success of the company . The popularity of the production resulted in the production of additional copies , so the Thanhouser company had more orders than could be filled . Critical reception to the film was generally positive , but with some minor criticisms . The film is presumed lost .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "576a6b6a44da33ad436f50a6a6f4a617",
"text": "February 1943 The following events occurred in February 1943 :",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "89f5803b0776534281a23c606ceacbe6",
"text": "Listen, Germany! Listen , Germany ! is the published collection of letters by exiled German author Thomas Mann to his former country during World War II . Originally published in 1943 by Alfred A. Knopf Inc. , these letters , twenty-five of them , were read over long and medium wave radio broadcasts being made by the BBC into Nazi Germany as part of the allied propaganda effort from October 1940 to August 1943 . The German language original , Deutsche Hörer ! ( `` German listeners ! '' -- this is how each of the texts starts ) was first published in 1942 by H. Wolff , New York but never reached Germany . A second edition was published in Stockholm in 1945 , after the end of the war . This edition included the addresses Mann had given up to November 8 , 1945 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "54c3b8af21f68e399134b8fed0e39ad2",
"text": "Richard Cathcart Richard Brook Cathcart ( born 1943 ) is an American geographer who specializes in macro-engineering .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cab8f8283f9195420321aed54270dde8",
"text": "Tony Atkins Tony ( Anthony Michael ) Atkins AM is a medical doctor born on 4 February 1943 in Elwood , a suburb of Melbourne , Australia . He was awarded Member of the Order of Australia in 1987 in recognition of service to international relations , particularly in the field of famine relief and agricultural development in Africa .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6da55c442d3633b686849782f11175fd",
"text": "Richard Walker (baritone) Richard Walker , ( 18 November 1897 -- 26 August 1989 ) was an English opera singer and actor , best known for his performances in the baritone roles of the Savoy Operas with the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company . Between 1932 and 1939 Walker was married to D'Oyly Carte chorister Ena Martin . He married the company 's principal soprano Helen Roberts in 1944 . After serving in the Coldstream Guards , Walker began his career in touring in concerts and revues . He joined D'Oyly Carte at age 27 and remained with the company for 25 years . At first playing mostly smaller roles and understudying larger ones , by 1942 Walker had been promoted as a principal baritone of the company , playing roles like Pooh Bah in The Mikado . His total of thirty-five Savoy Opera roles is the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company 's all-time record . After leaving the company , Walker and Roberts were engaged in Australia by J. C. Williamson to Australia and New Zealand throughout the 1950s and early 1960s in Gilbert and Sullivan as well as other works in their repertory . He also stage directed . In the early 1970s , they toured for more than four years in the original Australian production of My Fair Lady and presented Gilbert and Sullivan in two-person entertainments throughout the United States and Canada .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0258d22431466856d05edbc526f6a038",
"text": "Richard Anthony Hewson Richard Anthony Hewson ( born 17 November 1943 , Stockton-on-Tees , Teesside ) is an English producer , arranger , conductor and multi-instrumentalist , who created the studio group The RAH Band .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "16848118b0b8f91ed57bff1cf3e13fcb",
"text": "Gerald Eades Bentley Gerald Eades Bentley ( September 15 , 1901 -- July 25 , 1994 ) was an American academic and literary scholar , best remembered for his seven-volume work , The Jacobean and Caroline Stage , published by Oxford University Press between 1941 and 1968 . That work , modeled on Edmund Kerchever Chambers ' classic four-volume The Elizabethan Stage , has itself become a standard and essential reference work on English Renaissance theatre . Bentley was born in Brazil , Indiana , the son of a Methodist clergyman . Originally intending to be a creative writer , he changed his career to literary scholarship during his graduate studies . He earned his B.A. at DePauw University ( 1923 ) , his M.A. in English at the University of Illinois ( 1926 ) , and his Ph.D. at the University of London ( 1929 ) , studying under Allardyce Nicoll . Bentley taught at the University of Chicago from 1929 to 1945 before accepting a position as Murray Professor of English at Princeton University in 1945 , where he served until his retirement in 1970 . He was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1975 . In addition to his Jacobean and Caroline Stage , Bentley wrote a wide range of works on Shakespeare and other figures of the English Renaissance . His essay `` Shakespeare and the Blackfriars Theatre , '' originally published in the inaugural issue of the Shakespeare Survey in 1948 , has been widely reprinted . Bentley edited several works for modern editions , including Othello , and The Alchemist . In his obituary , the New York Times noted that he raised a literary stir in 1956 when he edited and wrote the preface to a hitherto unknown 1577 text called The Arte of Angling in which he noted several passages that reminded him of Isaac Walton 's later The Compleat Angler . The Times quotes D. E. Rhodes , a British authority on fishing literature , who defended Walton , saying , `` It seems to me unjust to accuse Izaak Walton of plagiarism , because plagiarism did not exist in the 17th century . All authors of that and earlier ages read what they liked and used what they liked of it without acknowledgment . '' Bentley was married first to Esther Felt , a significant colleague in his scholarly work , from 1927 until her death in 1961 . In 1965 , he married Ellen Voigt Stern , who died in 1990 . Bentley 's son and namesake from his first marriage , Gerald Eades Bentley Jr. , became a noted literary scholar in his own right , specializing in the career and works of William Blake . He spent most of his career at the University of Toronto .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1c20093b7164b0889ce2c91a1642be77",
"text": "1943 in philosophy 1943 in philosophy",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ca1e7aa496541fbb0d12ea2617bf5200",
"text": "John Penros John Penros , or Penrose ( died 1411 ) was a Cornish-born lawyer and judge who held high office as Lord Chief Justice of Ireland , and subsequently served as a High Court judge in England and Wales . Despite his high office , he was guilty of `` an extraordinary career of crime '' which stretched over nearly forty years . When the charges against him were eventually proved , he was removed from the Bench . He belonged to a landowning family which came from Escalls in Cornwall . He was a qualified advocate , but also became known as a notorious law-breaker , who along with his associates John Trevarthian senior ( died 1395 ) , and his son John Trevarthian junior ( died 1405 ) was notorious as one of the principal disturbers of the peace in Cornwall . What was later described as his `` remarkable career of crime '' began about 1370 . In 1483 he was indicted in Surrey for his role in the murder of Richard Eyre , a fellow Cornishman whose family had a long-standing feud with the Trevarthians . The following year a warrant for his arrest was issued , but was later withdrawn , apparently on the ground that he was not a principal actor in the murder . The list of serious crimes of which the Trevarthians were accused , and to most of which Penrose was said to be at least an accessory , grew to a remarkable length : it included their private war with the Eyre family , which had resulted in the murder of Richard Eyre in 1483 , as well as piracy , burglary and treason . In time however the Trevarthian family became both wealthy and respectable : at the time of his death in 1405 John Trevarthian junior was Sheriff of Cornwall . Despite his appalling criminal record , Penros was sent to Ireland as Lord Chief Justice in 1385 . He returned without permission to England the following year and as a result was accused of misconduct . Again he seems to have escaped serious censure , despite his reputation as `` a notorious criminal '' . In 1391 he was appointed a justice of the King 's Bench and became justice of South Wales in 1393 . He was a trier of petitions in the House of Commons of 1394 , but was eventually removed from the Bench on the ground of his record as a notorious criminal ( even though the career of his accomplice John Trevarthian junior was still flourishing ) . Penros married firstly Joan , daughter of Richard Carnver , who died about 1391 , and secondly , about 1395 , Constance , of whom little is known . By Joan he had at least two sons , William and John ; John is said to have been an `` imbecile from birth '' . Penros died in 1411 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d57375f112fbb548b73096cf2877e53e",
"text": "Richard Edwardes Richard Edwardes ( also Edwards , 25 March 1525 -- 31 October 1566 ) was an English poet , playwright , and composer ; he was made a Gentleman of the Chapel Royal , and was master of the singing boys . He was known for his comedies and interludes . He was also rumoured to be an illegitimate son of Henry VIII .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "51dc62e045302cac938d1d5ac58e0112",
"text": "John C. Woods John Clarence Woods ( June 5 , 1911 -- July 21 , 1950 ) was a United States Army master sergeant who , with Joseph Malta , carried out the Nuremberg executions of ten former top leaders of the Third Reich on October 16 , 1946 , after they were sentenced to death at the Nuremberg Trials . Time magazine credited him with 347 executions to that date during a 15-year career . According to recent research , a number of 60 to 70 over a period of two years is more credible . Born in Wichita , Kansas , Woods joined the US Navy on December 3 , 1929 , and went absent without leave within months . He was convicted at a general court martial and subsequently examined by a psychiatric board on April 23 , 1930 . He was diagnosed with `` Constitutional Psychopathic Inferiority without Psychosis '' , was found `` poor service material '' and discharged . Before being inducted into the United States Army in August 1943 , Woods was intermittently employed in construction as a laborer , and was working part-time at a feed-store in Eureka , Kansas , when he was registered for Selective Service in 1940 . He was married to a nurse , Hazel Woods , but had no children . Before D-Day , American military executions by hanging in the European Theater of Operations occurred in England only and were performed by the civilian executioner Thomas Pierrepoint with assistance by Albert Pierrepoint and other British personnel . When in autumn of 1944 military executions by hanging were scheduled in France , the Army looked for a volunteer enlisted hangman and found Woods , who falsely claimed previous experience as assistant hangman in two cases in Texas and two in Oklahoma -- there is no evidence that the U.S. Army made any attempt to verify Woods ' claims . In fact , Woods had no documented pre-war experience as a hangman . Woods at that time was a private and a member of the 37th Engineer Combat Battalion . He was promoted to master sergeant and transferred to Paris Disciplinary Training Center . Woods performed as the primary executioner in the hangings of 34 American soldiers at various locations in France over 1944 -- 1945 , and assisted in at least three others . U.S. Army reports suggest that Woods participated in at least 11 bungled hangings of US soldiers between 1944 and 1946 . Woods also participated in the execution of about forty-five war criminals at various locations which included Rheinbach , Bruchsal , Landsberg , and Nuremberg , however Donald E. Wilkes Jr. , a professor of law at the University of Georgia Law School , noted that many of the executed Nazis fell from the gallows with a drop insufficient to snap their necks , resulting in their death by suffocation that in some cases lasted several minutes . After the Nuremberg executions , Woods stated : While serving with the 7th Engineer Brigade in Eniwetok , Marshall Islands , on July 21 , 1950 , Woods was accidentally electrocuted while attempting to repair an engineer lighting set . He is buried in Toronto Township Cemetery , Toronto , Kansas .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "50278fcab5111bd01f3d19a6568b8354",
"text": "Richard Connell Richard Edward Connell Jr. ( October 17 , 1893 -- November 22 , 1949 ) was an American author and journalist , perhaps best remembered for his short story `` The Most Dangerous Game '' ( 1924 ) . Connell was one of the most popular American short story writers of his time , and his stories were published in The Saturday Evening Post and Collier 's magazines . He had equal success as a journalist and screenwriter , and was nominated for an Academy Award during 1942 for best original story for the movie Meet John Doe .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0cb1b42e0a949eaf2cee3dadcf286880",
"text": "Southern Ontario Gothic Southern Ontario Gothic is a subgenre of the Gothic novel genre and a feature of Canadian literature that comes from Southern Ontario . This region includes Toronto , Southern Ontario 's major industrial cities ( Windsor , London , Hamilton , St. Thomas , Oshawa , St. Catharines ) , and the surrounding countryside . While the genre may also feature other areas of Ontario , Canada , and the world as narrative locales , this region provides the core settings . The term was first used in Graeme Gibson 's Eleven Canadian Novelists ( 1972 ) to recognize an existing tendency to apply aspects of the Gothic novel to writing based in and around Southern Ontario . In an interview with Timothy Findley , Gibson commented that Findley 's novel The Last of the Crazy People shared similarities with the American Southern Gothic genre , to which Findley replied , '' ... sure , it 's Southern Gothic : Southern Ontario Gothic . '' Notable writers of this subgenre include Alice Munro , Margaret Atwood , Robertson Davies , Jane Urquhart , Marian Engel , James Reaney and Barbara Gowdy . Like the Southern Gothic of American writers such as William Faulkner , Flannery O'Connor and Eudora Welty , Southern Ontario Gothic analyzes and critiques social conditions such as race , gender , religion and politics , but in a Southern Ontario context . Southern Ontario Gothic is generally characterized by a stern realism set against the dour small-town Protestant morality stereotypical of the region , and often has underlying themes of moral hypocrisy . Actions and people that act against humanity , logic , and morality all are portrayed unfavourably , and one or more characters may be suffering from some form of mental illness . In a review of Alice Munro 's Dear Life for Quill & Quire , literary critic James Grainger writes that `` Violence , illness , and reputations ruined by a single indiscretion are accepted in Munro 's secretive , repressed communities as a kind of levelling mechanism , rough justice for those who dare to strive for something finer . '' The Gothic novel has traditionally examined the role of evil in the human soul , and has incorporated dark or horrific imagery to create the desired setting . Some ( but not all ) writers of Southern Ontario Gothic use supernatural or magic realist elements ; a few deviate from realism entirely , in the manner of the fantastical gothic novel . Virtually all dwell to a certain extent upon the grotesque . Notable works of the genre include Davies ' Deptford Trilogy , Findley 's Headhunter , Atwood 's Alias Grace and The Blind Assassin , and Munro 's Selected Stories . The genre has been criticised as having `` little or nothing to distinguish it from everyday , garden-variety type realism . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "29b3e20692f4730137ce72e4f598f04f",
"text": "Edward John Eyre High School Located in Grundel Street Whyalla , South Australia , Edward John Eyre High School opened in 1968 as Eyre Technical High School . Built during the boom period , student enrolment reached around 1500 in the 1970s . Today , Edward John Eyre High School , also known as Senior Secondary Campus of the Whyalla Secondary College , has a student population of over 400 . Eyre High School caters to a wide cross-section of the community . Its Young Mum 's program supports young mothers to complete their education . The Pre-Industry Program and Trade School assists students in preparation in the trade areas . The specialist volleyball course lead to wins in state and national competitions . With Whyalla entering a new boom period , it is likely that the population of EJEHS will again climb in future years .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "63c9d55016399fa3d0bee4753f8a5927",
"text": "Eyre family The Eyre family refers to the descendants of George Eyre and Mary Smith Eyre who comprised a political and business dynasty prominent in the Northeastern United States from the colonial era to the early 20th century . During the American Revolutionary War several members of the family served in key military and political positions , while the Eyre shipping company proved critical in the founding of the U.S. Navy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4e4784fa6cd7122f6e3c5bc425a80350",
"text": "Thomas Joseph Tormey Thomas J. Tormey , Garda Síochána 14986A and recipient of the Scott Medal , was born in 1943 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f96fcd54f509e398efc802e2bf44e0ba",
"text": "USS Richard W. Suesens USS Richard W. Suesens ( DE-342 ) was a in the United States Navy . It was named after Lieutenant ( Junior Grade ) Richard Wayne Suesens ( 30 July 1915 -- 5 June 1942 ) who died during the Battle of Midway and was posthumously awarded the Navy Cross for `` extraordinary heroism '' . Richard W. Suesenss keel was laid down 1 November 1943 by the Consolidated Steel Corporation of Orange , Texas . The destroyer escort was launched on 11 January 1944 , sponsored by Mrs. R. W. Suesens , widow of Lieutenant ( junior grade ) Suesens ; and commissioned on 26 April 1944 , with Lieutenant Commander Milford McQuilkin in command .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c3ce530669613f4200a7b4e7a2c51d9e",
"text": "SS Richard Montgomery SS Richard Montgomery was an American Liberty ship built during World War II , one of the 2,710 used to carry cargo during the war . The ship was wrecked off the Nore sandbank in the Thames Estuary , near Sheerness , England in 1944 with around 1,400 tonnes of explosives on board , which continues to be a hazard to the area .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
ab8ff5ca736343a580285b07a557cc5c
|
Barbados is listed as a main tourist location.
|
[
{
"docid": "622db09fa359ff965b56b3dcad6af24c",
"text": "Barbados Barbados ( -LSB- bɑrˈbeɪdɒs -RSB- or -LSB- bɑrˈbeɪdoʊs -RSB- ) is a sovereign island country in the Lesser Antilles , in the Caribbean region of North America . It is 34 km in length and up to 23 km in width , covering an area of abbr = on 432 . It is situated in the western area of the North Atlantic and abbr = on 100 east of the Windward Islands and the Caribbean Sea ; therein , it is about abbr = on 168 east of the islands of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and abbr = on 400 north-east of Trinidad and Tobago . Barbados is outside of the principal Atlantic hurricane belt . Inhabited by Kalinago people since the 13th century , and prior to that by other Amerindians , Barbados was visited by Spanish navigators in the late 15th century and claimed for the Spanish Crown . It first appeared in a Spanish map in 1511 . The Portuguese visited the island in 1536 , but they left it unclaimed , with their only remnants being an introduction of wild hogs for a good supply of meat whenever the island was visited . An English ship , the Olive Blossom , arrived in Barbados in 1625 ; its men took possession of it in the name of King James I . In 1627 , the first permanent settlers arrived from England , and it became an English and later British colony . In 1966 , Barbados became an independent state and Commonwealth realm with the British Monarch ( presently Queen Elizabeth II ) as hereditary head of state . It has a population of 280,121 people , predominantly of African descent . Despite being classified as an Atlantic island , Barbados is considered to be a part of the Caribbean , where it is ranked as a leading tourist destination . Forty percent of the tourists come from the UK , with the US and Canada making up the next large groups of visitors to the island . In 2014 , Transparency International 's Corruption Perceptions Index ranked Barbados joint second in the Americas ( after Canada , equal with the United States ) and joint 17th globally ( after Belgium and Japan , equal with the US , Hong Kong and Ireland ) .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "841b2ac3d3ddeee20b4926ae48b23380",
"text": "Grade II* listed buildings in Brighton and Hove There are 70 Grade II * listed buildings in the city of Brighton and Hove , England . The city , on the English Channel coast approximately 52 mi south of London , was formed as a unitary authority in 1997 by the merger of the neighbouring towns of Brighton and Hove . Queen Elizabeth II granted city status in 2000 . In England , a building or structure is defined as `` listed '' when it is placed on a statutory register of buildings of `` special architectural or historic interest '' by the Secretary of State for Culture , Media and Sport , a Government department , in accordance with the Planning ( Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas ) Act 1990 . English Heritage , a non-departmental public body , acts as an agency of this department to administer the process and advise the department on relevant issues . There are three grades of listing status . Grade I , the highest , is defined as being of `` exceptional interest '' ; Grade II * is used for `` particularly important buildings of more than special interest '' ; and Grade II , the lowest , is used for buildings of `` special interest '' . Brighton was founded on top of the sea-facing cliffs where the South Downs meet the English Channel . A series of valleys allowed transport routes to develop towards Lewes , London and other important settlements . Although Neolithic settlement has been confirmed , the Anglo-Saxons were the first permanent settlers ; the population was about 400 by the time of the Domesday survey in 1086 . Its neighbour Hove , on flatter , more fertile land to the west , developed concurrently but independently : its existence was recorded in 1288 , and two separate prebends ( similar to benefices ) existed by 1291 . Fishing , farming and smuggling drove the economy , but decline set in during the Middle Ages and persisted until the 19th century . Coastal flooding destroyed buildings on many occasions , the parish church fell into ruins , and the population -- almost all poor -- numbered about 100 in 1801 . Brighton became fashionable as a holiday destination and health resort in the mid-18th century , and royal patronage ( particularly by the flamboyant Prince Regent ) increased its popularity with high society and the upper classes . Day-trippers and longer-term visitors from other social classes soon followed , and by the early 19th century the town was Britain 's foremost seaside resort . Developments such as Royal Crescent , Regency Square , Oriental Place and Park Crescent characterised the bold architectural vision of the town 's new residents ; the design triumvirate of Amon Wilds , Amon Henry Wilds and Charles Busby were instrumental in realising these plans . Hove 's fortunes improved in line with Brighton 's success , and developments such as Palmeira Mansions and Sir Isaac Goldsmid 's Adelaide Crescent covered the fields between the ancient village of Hove and Brighton 's continuous westward expansion . The Vicar of Brighton , Rev. Henry Michell Wagner -- a wealthy , progressive clergyman with strong Anglo-Catholic views and an interest in architecture -- and his son and successor Rev. Arthur Wagner were responsible for an array of new churches throughout Brighton and Hove ( especially in poorer residential areas ) ; many are listed at Grade I , and the Grade II * - listed examples of St Martin 's and St Paul 's merely add to a stock of Victorian places of worship which has been described as one of the best outside London . Elsewhere during the Victorian era , the former parish churches of both Brighton and Hove were rebuilt ; an elaborate synagogue was provided for the Jewish population ; Roman Catholic worship became established at the Classical-style St John the Baptist 's Church ; a new parish church was established in the form of Charles Barry 's St Peter 's ; and several other churches were established . Both towns were incorporated as boroughs : Brighton in 1854 , Hove in 1898 . Expansion in the 20th century , as the urban area became a large regional centre , resulted in ancient villages being absorbed into the boroughs . Hangleton , West Blatchington , Ovingdean , Rottingdean and others had historic buildings and long-established churches of their own ; by 1928 , Acts of Parliament had brought them into `` Greater Brighton and Hove '' . In 1997 , the towns were officially united as a unitary authority ; three years later , city status was secured . Some listings include contributory fixtures such as surrounding walls or railings in front of the building . These are summarised by notes alongside the building name .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a5623cbbf0a1f1a7c6c03789e9d487d0",
"text": "Holetown Holetown ( UN/LOCODE : BB HLT ) , is a small town located in the Caribbean island nation of Barbados . Holetown is located in the parish of Saint James on the sheltered west coast of the island .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f010484b8907360014a68c26fdf4b00e",
"text": "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Foreign Trade and International Business (Barbados) The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade of Barbados is a key Barbadian government agency responsible for regulating , maintaining , and developing Barbados 's external relations and the nature of trading with foreign countries . The Ministry is also responsible for the country 's representation at the United Nations and advises other Ministries and State authorities when the latter have dealings with foreign governments or institutions . It is based on Culloden Road , in the nation 's capital Bridgetown .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a40aad3050032f302c5b71403c1d90e4",
"text": "New Providence New Providence is the most populous island in the Bahamas , containing more than 70 % of the total population . It is the location of the national capital city of Nassau . The island was originally under Spanish control following Christopher Columbus 's discovery of the New World , but the Spanish government showed little interest in developing the island ( and the Bahamas as a whole ) . Nassau , the island 's largest city , was formerly known as Charles-town , but it was burned to the ground by the Spanish in 1684 . It was laid out and renamed Nassau in 1695 by Nicholas Trott , the most successful Lord Proprietor , in honor of the Prince of Orange-Nassau who became William III of England . The three branches of Bahamian Government : the executive , the legislative , and the judiciary , are all headquartered on New Providence . New Providence functions as the main commercial hub of the Bahamas . It is also home to more than 400 banks and trust companies , and its hotels and port account for more than two thirds of the four million-plus tourists who visit the Bahamas annually . Other settlements on New Providence include Grants Town , Bain Town , Fox Hill , Adelaide , Yamacraw , South Beach , Coral Harbour , Lyford Cay , Paradise Island , Sea Breeze , Centreville , The Grove ( South ) and The Grove ( West Bay ) , Cable Beach , Delaporte , Gambier , and Love Beach .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9609e48e58803df112558803c4976ea0",
"text": "Brighton Brighton -LSB- ˈbraɪtən -RSB- is a seaside resort on the south coast of England . It is part of the ceremonial county of East Sussex , within the historic county of Sussex . Archaeological evidence of settlement in the area dates back to the Bronze Age , Roman and Anglo-Saxon periods . The ancient settlement of `` Brighthelmstone '' was documented in the Domesday Book ( 1086 ) . The town 's importance grew in the Middle Ages as the Old Town developed , but it languished in the early modern period , affected by foreign attacks , storms , a suffering economy and a declining population . Brighton began to attract more visitors following improved road transport to London and becoming a boarding point for boats travelling to France . The town also developed in popularity as a health resort for sea bathing as a purported cure for illnesses . In the Georgian era , Brighton developed as a fashionable seaside resort , encouraged by the patronage of the Prince Regent , later King George IV , who spent much time in the town and constructed the Royal Pavilion in the Regency era . Brighton continued to grow as a major centre of tourism following the arrival of the railways in 1841 , becoming a popular destination for day-trippers from London . Many of the major attractions were built in the Victorian era , including the Grand Hotel , the West Pier , and the Brighton Palace Pier . The town continued to grow into the 20th century , expanding to incorporate more areas into the town 's boundaries before joining the town of Hove to form the unitary authority of Brighton and Hove in 1997 , which was granted city status in 2000 . Brighton 's location has made it a popular destination for tourists , renowned for its diverse communities , quirky shopping areas , large cultural , music and arts scene and its large LGBT population , leading to its reverence as the `` unofficial gay capital of the UK '' . Brighton attracted 7.5 million day visitors in 2015/16 and 4.9 million overnight visitors , and is the most popular seaside destination in the UK for overseas tourists . Brighton has also been called the UK 's `` hippest city '' , and `` the happiest place to live in the UK '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1128e48f313d5c534568124f57fbd6f6",
"text": "Environmental impacts of tourism in the Caribbean The economy in the Caribbean region is highly dependent on its tourism industry ; in 2013 , this industry constituted 14 % of their total GDP . This region is largely appealing for the sun , sand , and sea scene . Despite the fact that tourism is very reliant on the natural environment of the region , it has negative environmental impacts . These impacts include marine pollution and degradation , as well as a high demand of water and energy resources . In particular , the degradation of coral reefs has a large impact on the environment of the Caribbean . Environmental damage affects the tourism industry ; therefore , the tourism sector , along with the public sector , makes efforts to protect the environment for economic and ethical reasons . Although these efforts are not always effective , there are continuous efforts for improvement .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aa9db13f7402a00b3a42c453e1c80f2f",
"text": "Public holidays in Barbados Public holiday in Barbados .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5528137f46b7561b3fa5a20e72e340ba",
"text": "Caribbean Sea The Caribbean Sea ( Mar Caribe Mer des Caraïbes Caraïbische Zee ) is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean in the tropics of the Western Hemisphere . It is bounded by Mexico and Central America to the west and south west , to the north by the Greater Antilles starting with Cuba , to the east by the Lesser Antilles , and to the south by the north coast of South America . The entire area of the Caribbean Sea , the numerous islands of the West Indies , and adjacent coasts , are collectively known as the Caribbean . The Caribbean Sea is one of the largest seas and has an area of about 2,754,000 km2 ( 1,063,000 sq mi ) . The sea 's deepest point is the Cayman Trough , between the Cayman Islands and Jamaica , at 7,686 m ( 25,220 ft ) below sea level . The Caribbean coastline has many gulfs and bays : the Gulf of Gonâve , Gulf of Venezuela , Gulf of Darién , Golfo de los Mosquitos , Gulf of Paria and Gulf of Honduras . The Caribbean Sea has the world 's second biggest barrier reef , the Mesoamerican Barrier Reef . It runs 1000 km along the coasts of Mexico , Belize , Guatemala , and Honduras .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2704dbe408b8d954099cd5f6bda4ad06",
"text": "Bath, Barbados Bath is a populated place in the parish of Saint John , Barbados .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "971fe73fe98097ad3f6d57124fe18001",
"text": "Business tourism Business tourism or business travel is a more limited and focused subset of regular tourism . During business tourism ( traveling ) , individuals are still working and being paid , but are doing so away from both their workplace and home . Some definitions of tourism tend to exclude business travel . However , the World Tourism Organization ( WTO ) defines tourists as people `` traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure , business and other purposes '' . Primary business tourism activities include meetings , and attending conferences and exhibitions . Despite the term business in business tourism , when individuals from government or non-profit organizations engage in similar activities , this is still categorized as business tourism ( travel ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fd78cdf33cce18d60556c0aae24f784a",
"text": "Geography of Fiji -RSB- Fiji is a group of volcanic islands in the South Pacific , lying about 4,450 km ( 2,775 mi ) southwest of Honolulu and 1,770 km ( 1,100 mi ) north of New Zealand . Of the 332 islands and 522 smaller islets making up the archipelago , about 106 are permanently inhabited . Viti Levu , the largest island , covers about 57 % of the nation 's land area , hosts the two official cities ( the capital Suva , and Lautoka ) and most other major towns , such as Nausori , Vaileka , Ba , Tavua , Kororvou , Nasinu , and Nadi ( the site of the international airport ) , and contains some 69 % of the population . Vanua Levu , 64 km to the north of Viti Levu , covers just over 30 % of the land area though is home to only some 15 % of the population . Its main towns are Labasa and Savusavu . In the northeast it features Natewa Bay , carving out the Loa peninsula . Both islands are mountainous , with peaks up to 1300 m rising abruptly from the shore , and covered with tropical forests . Heavy rains ( up to 304 cm or 120 inches annually ) fall on the windward ( southeastern ) side , covering these sections of the islands with dense tropical forest . Lowlands on the western portions of each of the main islands are sheltered by the mountains and have a well-marked dry season favorable to crops such as sugarcane . Other islands and island groups , which cover just 12.5 % of the land area and house some 16 % of the population , include Taveuni southeast off Vanua Levu and Kadavu Island , south off Viti Levu ( the third and fourth largest islands respectively ) , the Mamanuca Group ( just off Nadi ) and Yasawa Group ( to the north of the Mamanucas ) , which are popular tourist destinations , the Lomaiviti Group ( just off Suva ) with Levuka , the former capital and the only major town on any of the smaller islands , located on the island of Ovalau , and the remote Lau Group over the Koro Sea to the east near Tonga , from which it is separated by the Lakeba Passage . Two outlying regions are Rotuma , 400 km to the north , and the uninhabited coral atoll and cay Ceva-i-Ra or Conway Reef , 450 km to the southwest of main Fiji . Culturally conservative Rotuma with its 2000 people on 44 km2 geographically belongs to Polynesia , and enjoys relative autonomy as a Fijian dependency . Fiji Television reported on 21 September 2006 that the Fiji Islands Maritime and Safety Administration ( FIMSA ) , while reviewing its outdated maritime charts , had discovered the possibility that more islands could lie within Fiji 's Exclusive Economic Zone . More than half of Fiji 's population lives on the island coasts , either in Suva or in smaller urban centers . The interior is sparsely populated because of its rough terrain .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "797578efc7c0de3249822164a41e465d",
"text": "Scarborough, Barbados Scarborough is a populated place in the parish of Christ Church , Barbados . It is a coastal area located at the far southern tip of Barbados . Scarborough has only one road with `` small shacks and houses '' along it .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0c767c4ad736afab5d6c0cf7017a62d5",
"text": "Territorial evolution of the Caribbean This is a timeline of the territorial evolution of the Caribbean and nearby areas of North , Central , and South America , listing each change to the internal and external borders of the various countries that make up the region . The region covered is the Caribbean , its islands ( most of which enclose the sea ) , and the surrounding coasts , as well as the southern part of the Gulf of Mexico , Florida , Central America , and the northern region of South America . The political evolution of the land surrounding the Caribbean reveals the significant role the region played in the colonial struggles of the European powers since Christopher Columbus arrived in 1492 . In the 20th century the Caribbean was again important during World War II , in the decolonization wave in the post-war period , and in the tension between Communist Cuba and the United States ( U.S. ) . Genocide , slavery , immigration and rivalry between world powers have given Caribbean history an impact disproportionate to the size of this small region . At the time of the European discovery of most of the islands of the Caribbean , three major Amerindian indigenous peoples lived on the islands : the Taíno in the Greater Antilles , The Bahamas and the Leeward Islands ; the Island Caribs and Galibi in the Windward Islands ; and the Ciboney in western Cuba . The Taínos are subdivided into Classic Taínos , who occupied Hispaniola and Puerto Rico , Western Taínos , who occupied Cuba , Jamaica , and the Bahamian archipelago , and the Eastern Taínos , who occupied the Leeward Islands . Trinidad was inhabited by both Carib speaking and Arawak-speaking groups .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a8bacddf2a858650e6f59f4f7e9c800b",
"text": "Caribbean360 Caribbean360 is the largest online news aggregator for the Caribbean . Started in 2005 , it is based in Bridgetown , Barbados . Specializing in news sources from the nations of the Caribbean Community , it competes with One Caribbean Media and the Caribbean Net News . As of 2009 , it drew from 35 print and electronic publishers in 28 countries . Iain Dale calls it `` the most comprehensive pan-Caribbean blog '' , while the Keele Guide lists it as one of only five `` Media and News '' sources for the `` Caribbean and Central America Generally ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4dcef78e77ee3e3350e45683ba7ed7c7",
"text": "Outline of Trinidad and Tobago The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Trinidad and Tobago : Trinidad and Tobago -- sovereign island nation located in the Lesser Antilles Archipelago in the southeastern Caribbean Sea . Trinidad and Tobago lies northeast of Venezuela and south of the island nation of Grenada . It also shares maritime boundaries with Barbados to the northeast and Guyana to the southeast . The country covers an area of 5,128 square kilometers ( 1,979 sq mi ) and consists of two main islands , Trinidad and Tobago , and numerous smaller landforms . Trinidad is the larger and more populous of the main islands ; Tobago is much smaller , comprising about 6 % of the total area and 4 % of the population . The nation lies outside the hurricane belt . Officially Trinidadians or Tobagonians , the people from Trinidad and Tobago are often informally referred to as Trinbagonians or Trinis ( for Trinidadians ) . Unlike most of the English-speaking Caribbean , Trinidad and Tobago is a primarily industrialised country whose economy is based on petroleum and petrochemicals . Trinidad and Tobago is famous for its pre-Lenten Carnival and as the birthplace of steelpan , calypso , chutney , chutney-soca , pichakaree , chut-kai-pang , cariso , kaiso , parang , soca , and limbo .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "62f41c1f3df464a20a73276a4addf256",
"text": "Barbados (Typically Tropical song) `` Barbados '' was a UK Number 1 single released in May 1975 by Typically Tropical . `` Barbados '' entered the UK Singles Chart at number 37 in late June 1975 , and five weeks later was at Number 1 for a week . In total , `` Barbados '' spent eleven weeks on the chart . The track also reached Number 1 on the Irish Singles Chart , Number 1 on the South African Singles Chart , and 20 on the Australian Singles Chart ( Kent Music Report ) . The track was later released on an album in 1975 by Gull Records . The album was named Barbados Sky . Follow-up singles `` Rocket Now '' and `` The Ghost Song '' failed to chart , leaving `` Typically Tropical '' as one-hit wonders . In 1999 a reworked version of the song , renamed `` We 're Going to Ibiza '' , also reached the UK Number 1 spot for The Vengaboys .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "323eeab2f057de7927a8856b2d460f5e",
"text": "Pico Teneriffe (Barbados) The Pico Teneriffe , is a rocky cape on the northeast coast of the island of Barbados , in the Parish of Saint Peter . It is a coral cliff in the shape of a pinnacle that does not reach 100 meters in height , named after the fact that the island of Tenerife in Spain is the first land east of Barbados , according to the inhabitants of the place . Yes Well the presence in the place of people arrived from the Canary Islands in the time of the colonization of Barbados is not ruled out . The Pico Teneriffe is in a place of difficult access , so it is advisable to see it from a distance . Pico Teneriffe is one of several places along the north-east coast of Barbados that given its reputation for erratic cliffs and natural beauty .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "871cd01c5f84ea17a462955b89f9a26d",
"text": "Santa Marta Santa Marta , officially Distrito Turístico , Cultural e Histórico de Santa Marta ( `` Touristic , Cultural and Historic District of Santa Marta '' ) , is a city in Colombia . It is the capital of the department of Magdalena and fourth largest urban city of the Caribbean Region of Colombia , after Barranquilla , Cartagena , and Soledad . Founded on July 29 , 1525 , by the Spanish conquistador Rodrigo de Bastidas , it was the first Spanish settlement in Colombia , and is the oldest surviving city in that country , and second oldest in South America . This city is situated on a bay of the same name and as such , is a prime tourist destination .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5f9e0fdadba29b17c61485947af8f424",
"text": "Caneel Bay Caneel Bay Set on a 170-acre peninsula in the Virgin Islands National Park , near seven picturesque beaches , the Resort is one of the vacation destinations in the Caribbean . It is located on the northwest side of St. John , one of the US Virgin Islands . The resort is within Virgin Islands National Park on property once owned by Laurance Rockefeller . The hotel was one of the early members of Rockefeller 's hotel chain , Rockresorts . The resort takes its name from the location of the property at Caneel Bay ( Caneel means cinnamon in old Dutch ) . Rockefeller was so impressed by the area 's beauty that he arranged to buy up most of the island of St. John . He then donated most of it to the U.S. government for the creation of the Virgin Islands National Park , the 29th U.S. national park . Rockefeller had the resort buildings designed to blend in with the landscape , and most property lighting is indirect so that guests can be able to see the stars at night . Caneel Bay was a Rosewood Resort until the fall of 2013 . The resort is a member of Leading Hotels of the World . Caneel Bay , which is open 10 months a year ( annual closure in September & October ) , provides a variety of activities such as snorkeling and scuba diving . A diversity of marine life can be found in the waters surrounding the resort . Parrotfish , angelfish , and damselfish can be seen swimming around coral , bright sea fans or spiny sea urchins . Viewers may also spot a barracuda , sea turtle or reef squid . Visitors to Caneel Bay can also scuba dive , windsurf , sea kayak , sail , play tennis or get a massage . Many national park trails can be accessed from the resort and are available for hiking .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0fbf10e64afac3679f26ddd383d0c6bf",
"text": "Outline of Antigua and Barbuda The following outline is provided as an overview of and introduction to Antigua and Barbuda : Antigua and Barbuda -- twin-island nation lying between the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean . It consists of two major inhabited islands , Antigua and Barbuda , and a number of smaller islands ( including Great Bird , Green , Guinea , Long , Maiden and York Islands and further south , the island of Redonda ) . Its governance , language , and culture have all been strongly influenced by the British Empire , of which the country was formerly a part .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
f92db2714a52f69afe4d4237d73a9282
|
Imagine Dragons is from the United States.
|
[
{
"docid": "ca8ebc22a904f02658dd8810bb6f6c6a",
"text": "Imagine Dragons Imagine Dragons is an American rock band from Las Vegas , Nevada , consisting of lead vocalist Dan Reynolds , lead guitarist Wayne Sermon , bassist Ben McKee , and drummer Daniel Platzman . The band first gained exposure in 2012 with the releases of their debut studio album Night Visions and its first single `` It 's Time '' . Billboard placed them at the top of their `` Year In Rock '' rankings for 2013 , and named them their `` Breakthrough Band of 2013 '' . Rolling Stone named their single `` Radioactive '' from Night Visions the `` biggest rock hit of the year '' , and MTV called them `` the year 's biggest breakout band '' . Night Visions peaked at number two on the weekly US Billboard 200 chart and the UK Albums Chart . The band 's second studio album Smoke + Mirrors was released in 2015 , and reached number one in the US , Canada and the UK . Imagine Dragons has won two American Music Awards for Favorite Alternative Artist , a Grammy Award for Best Rock Performance , five Billboard Music Awards , and a World Music Award . In May 2014 , the band was nominated for a total of fourteen different Billboard Music Awards , including Top Artist of the Year and a Milestone Award , which recognizes innovation and creativity of artists across different genres . As of January 2017 , Imagine Dragons have sold 9 million albums and 27 million singles worldwide .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "e229ace03574123e063610fc83a8140c",
"text": "Appetite for Destruction Appetite for Destruction is the debut studio album by American hard rock band Guns N ' Roses . It was released on July 21 , 1987 , by Geffen Records to massive commercial success . It topped the Billboard 200 and became the best-selling debut album as well as the 11th best-selling album in the United States . With about 30 million copies sold worldwide , it is also one of the best-selling records ever . Although critics were ambivalent toward the album when it was first released , Appetite for Destruction has since received retrospective acclaim and been viewed as one of the greatest albums of all time .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "914a2ec7124423228ea6b5fec4334b72",
"text": "Palisades (band) Palisades is an American electronicore band from Iselin , New Jersey . They formed in 2011 and are currently signed to Rise Records . The band began work on its first full-length album , Outcasts , in 2012 . The album was released the following year . In 2014 , the band released a music video for a song titled `` High and Low '' . The band announced plans for a second album in 2014 . On December 2 , 2014 it was announced through Rise Records ' Facebook page that the band 's second album Mind Games would be released on January 15 , 2015 . Their self-titled third album was released on January 20 , 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c310272d62d08585c15591ec9c266d2f",
"text": "Thinkwell Group Thinkwell Group is an award-winning global experience design and production agency that was founded in 2001 and is headquartered in Los Angeles , California . Thinkwell specializes in the creation and master planning of theme parks , destination resorts , major branded and intellectual property attractions , events & spectaculars , museums & exhibits , expos , and live shows around the world . Since 2006 , Thinkwell has gone from approximately 35 employees to more than 180 , though the exact number fluctuates depending on the company 's workload . Thinkwell was named `` Most Honored Theme Park Design Company '' at the 2013 Theme Park and Attractions Summit & Awards in Beijing .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6159999fa5e7f20ab68e57a35d11bc54",
"text": "The Wonder Years (band) The Wonder Years is an American pop punk band from Lansdale , Pennsylvania that formed in July 2005 . Since their conception , they have released five full-length albums , two EPs , and several splits/compilations . The group is currently signed to Hopeless Records . Their name originates from a paper that lead vocalist , Dan ` Soupy ' Campbell , read that was written by one of his after-school educators titled `` The Wonder Years . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "79473e2e24e98228752540989cb1de71",
"text": "Cause and Effect (band) Cause & Effect is an American electronic/synthpop band .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6b60466a512eee85a5eee4243f835eea",
"text": "Purple Dragons The Purple Dragons are the name of a street gang in the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles franchise . In all continuities , they often face the Turtles early in the storyline .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "00bd5fb285c8d55918fe1471627cf140",
"text": "Imagination Express Imagination Express is an educational series of interactive storybook generator video games developed by Edmark , and announced on November 14 , 1994 . The titles in the series include Destination : Castle ( November 15 , 1994 ) , Destination : Neighborhood ( November 15 , 1994 ) , Destination : Rain Forest ( May 5 , 1995 ) , Destination : Ocean , Destination : Pyramids , and Destination : Time Trip , USA .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e54de33ea660628018d9b4d779e2e584",
"text": "San Diego Lions The San Diego Lions is a United States Australian Football League team , based in San Diego , United States . It was founded in 1997 . They play in the Californian Australian Football League .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "78e443135e1dfcb64cb375f4d0b5c62f",
"text": "God Forbid God Forbid was an American metal band formed in 1996 in East Brunswick , New Jersey .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3b0328798297f94c934ed06fc52d530a",
"text": "Portland Timbers–Seattle Sounders rivalry The Portland -- Seattle rivalry is a soccer rivalry between the Portland Timbers and Seattle Sounders FC soccer teams . The rivalry pre-dates the current teams in both cities , back to the North American Soccer League days , and has since grown into one of the largest and most bitter rivalries in American soccer . The rivalry has spanned across several leagues including the USL First Division , A-League , NASL , and Major League Soccer . According to many players , the Seattle -- Portland rivalry is one of the only true derbies that is present in American soccer . Alan Hinton , a former English international and ex-Sounders coach , has compared the rivalry to those seen in the English Premier League . It is considered to be one of the most intense rivalries in the United States . Seattle and Portland have had rivalries based on various sports teams . A heated rivalry surrounded the Portland Buckaroos and Seattle Totems of the minor-league Western Hockey League in the 1960s . Later , some fans supported the Thunderbirds or Winterhawks hockey teams . This rivalry `` naturally translated into soccer '' according to one fan . The two cities also had a rivalry between the SuperSonics and Trail Blazers of the NBA , known as the `` Battle of I-5 '' , since both cities intersect on the freeway Interstate 5 . The rivalry continued until the SuperSonics relocated to Oklahoma City in 2008 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "72b90efea620af4e5908c253b0b3bfa6",
"text": "American Recordings (record label) American Recordings is a Los Angeles-based record label headed by record producer Rick Rubin . Formerly known as Def American Recordings , the label has been home to Slayer , the Black Crowes , ZZ Top , Danzig , Trouble , Tom Petty , Johnny Cash , The Mother Hips , and System of a Down , among others .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6a2ce8a89e24e54640cd13beadb61c4a",
"text": "Imagine (horse) Imagine ( foaled 20 February 1998 ) was an Irish Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare best known for winning the Irish 1000 Guineas and the Epsom Oaks in 2001 . In a racing career which lasted from August 2000 to June 2001 the filly ran ten times and won four races . As a two-year-old , Imagine ran six times , winning the Group Three C. L. Weld Park Stakes at the Curragh and finishing second in the Group Two Rockfel Stakes at Newmarket . The following spring , the filly was beaten in her first two races before winning the Irish 1000 Guineas at the Curragh . Imagine recorded her most valuable success on her final appearance , winning the Classic Oaks over one and a half miles at Epsom . She never raced again , but proved to be a successful broodmare .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "feceb56b7c9bb419d5a28a375e08d072",
"text": "G-Dragon Kwon Ji-yong ( ; born August 18 , 1988 ) , better known by his stage name G-Dragon , is a South Korean rapper , singer-songwriter , record producer , and fashion icon . After six years as a trainee under the record label YG Entertainment , G-Dragon rose to fame in the mid-2000s as one of two rappers in the South Korean hip hop boy band Big Bang . Despite initial lukewarm receptions , the group became one of the best-selling digital group of all-time in Asia and one of the best-selling boy bands in the world . G-Dragon debuted as a solo artist with the release of Heartbreaker in 2009 . The album was a commercial success and earned the Mnet Asian Music Awards for Album of the Year , while the single of the same name became a number-one hit . G-Dragon later formed a duo with fellow Big Bang member T.O.P to record and release the album GD & TOP ( 2010 ) , which contained the top-five hits `` High High '' , `` Oh Yeah '' , and `` Knock Out '' on the Gaon Digital Chart , while the album peaked at number-one . His first EP One of a Kind ( 2012 ) was critically acclaimed and yielded `` One of a Kind '' , `` Crayon '' , and the number-one `` That XX '' , earning Record of the Year at the 22nd Seoul Music Awards . The EP became the highest-selling album by a Korean soloist since his own Heartbreaker . In 2013 , he embarked on his first worldwide tour as a solo artist , which included a four-dome tour in Japan , making him the first Korean soloist to do a dome tour . G-Dragon was awarded Artist of the Year at the 15th Mnet Asian Music Awards following the success of his second studio album Coup d'Etat ( 2013 ) , in addition to the awards of World 's Best Entertainer and World 's Best Album at the 2014 World Music Awards . Recognized as one of the most influential leaders in music and fashion in his country and labelled as an `` K-pop icon '' , G-Dragon was named by Forbes the most influential person under 30 in Asia 's entertainment and sports . Producing not only for his band but also for his and his bandmates ' solo releases , G-Dragon has written 22 number one songs .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "10d0b69de7f3b028d85a30cfa009d050",
"text": "Low Skies Low Skies is an American rock band from Chicago , Illinois .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "962c9b88e49c08992949f061b5e86e3d",
"text": "Cloud Imperium Games Cloud Imperium Games Corporation is an American video game company , founded in 2010 by Chris Roberts and Ortwin Freyermuth , with offices in Los Angeles , California , Austin , Texas , Manchester , Derby and Frankfurt .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "47668317243484497af3750218ff8f45",
"text": "Avatar Records Avatar Records is an independent record label and management company founded by Larry Robinson with offices in Los Angeles and London , England . The company was founded in 1987 in the garage of his family home in South Los Angeles . Projects released on Avatar include The Oz Soundtrack , Planet Asia , Fear of a Black Hat Soundtrack , Bishop Don Magic Juan , the NVA Straight from the Crates compilation , the soundtrack to the television show Girlfriends , and others . Avatar has digitally distributed over three hundred record labels with songs by artists including Anya Marina , Metallica , Bruce Springsteen , Wu-Tang Clan , Mary J. Blige , Amy Winehouse , Erykah Badu , and others .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6d9a1c7eea300947f3957782b0f97c69",
"text": "The Thunderlords The Thunderlords are an American parody rock band . They describe themselves as `` heavy metal for kids . '' The band began primarily as the work of video-game programmer Alan Flores , a native of Los Angeles , with some help from his young daughter , Maya ( born 2000 ) . The 2005 album Noisy Songs for Noisy Kids has charted on children 's music charts in the US , Australia and Belgium . They are known best for their songs `` I Like Dirt '' and `` Ice Cream Headache '' on the soundtracks for the bestselling video games Tony Hawk 's American Wasteland , Tony Hawk 's Project 8 and Tony Hawk 's American Sk8land respectively . The latter game also won the IGN award for Best Licensed Soundtrack on PlayStation 3 in 2006 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "10971adfb9431474e44be74207127703",
"text": "& (The Moth & The Flame EP) ⅋ , sometimes written Ampersand , is an EP and the debut major label recording by rock group The Moth & The Flame , released digitally on November 5 , 2013 internationally . It was produced by drummer/producer Joey Waronker ( Beck , Atoms for Peace , R.E.M. ) and mixed by Peter Katis ( The National , Interpol ) . All songs were written by The Moth & The Flame . To promote the EP , The Moth & the Flame toured Europe supporting Imagine Dragons during the fall and winter of 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dd76a566ed1d16bd5c4d79a736660675",
"text": "Creative Adult Creative Adult is an American rock band formed in 2012 in the North Bay , California .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e0b836bf279861a9fd47d261355f1ac5",
"text": "Anaheim Ducks The Anaheim Ducks are a professional ice hockey team based in Anaheim , California . They are members of the Pacific Division of the Western Conference of the National Hockey League ( NHL ) . Since their inception , the Ducks have played their home games at the Honda Center . The club was founded in 1993 by The Walt Disney Company as the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim , a name based on the 1992 film The Mighty Ducks . Disney sold the franchise in 2005 to Henry and Susan Samueli , who along with General Manager Brian Burke , changed the name of the team to the Anaheim Ducks before the 2006 -- 07 season . The Ducks have made the playoffs 13 times and won six Pacific Division titles ( 2006 -- 07 , 2012 -- 13 , 2013 -- 14 , 2014 -- 15 , 2015 -- 16 , and 2016 -- 17 ) , two Western Conference championships ( 2002 -- 03 and 2006 -- 07 ) and one Stanley Cup ( 2006 -- 07 ) .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
e7ae554f4f038bd0c58fc8deb728666b
|
Charles I did not marry a Bourbon princess.
|
[
{
"docid": "c0b00fcb8abfc0ae25cd2827dc4781d7",
"text": "Charles I of England Charles I ( 19 November 1600 -- 30 January 1649 ) was monarch of the three kingdoms of England , Scotland , and Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649 . Charles was the second son of King James VI of Scotland , but after his father inherited the English throne in 1603 , he moved to England , where he spent much of the rest of his life . He became heir apparent to the English , Irish , and Scottish thrones on the death of his elder brother , Henry Frederick , Prince of Wales , in 1612 . An unsuccessful and unpopular attempt to marry him to the Spanish Habsburg princess Maria Anna culminated in an eight-month visit to Spain in 1623 that demonstrated the futility of the marriage negotiations . Two years later , he married the Bourbon princess Henrietta Maria of France instead . After his succession , Charles quarrelled with the Parliament of England , which sought to curb his royal prerogative . Charles believed in the divine right of kings and thought he could govern according to his own conscience . Many of his subjects opposed his policies , in particular the levying of taxes without parliamentary consent , and perceived his actions as those of a tyrannical absolute monarch . His religious policies , coupled with his marriage to a Roman Catholic , generated the antipathy and mistrust of reformed groups such as the English Puritans and Scottish Covenanters , who thought his views too Catholic . He supported high church ecclesiastics , such as Richard Montagu and William Laud , and failed to aid Protestant forces successfully during the Thirty Years ' War . His attempts to force the Church of Scotland to adopt high Anglican practices led to the Bishops ' Wars , strengthened the position of the English and Scottish parliaments and helped precipitate his own downfall . From 1642 , Charles fought the armies of the English and Scottish parliaments in the English Civil War . After his defeat in 1645 , he surrendered to a Scottish force that eventually handed him over to the English Parliament . Charles refused to accept his captors ' demands for a constitutional monarchy , and temporarily escaped captivity in November 1647 . Re-imprisoned on the Isle of Wight , Charles forged an alliance with Scotland , but by the end of 1648 Oliver Cromwell 's New Model Army had consolidated its control over England . Charles was tried , convicted , and executed for high treason in January 1649 . The monarchy was abolished and a republic called the Commonwealth of England was declared . The monarchy was restored to Charles 's son , Charles II , in 1660 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "2fa1fc96bfd9292c1e0d790a22e01357",
"text": "Carlos de Borbón Carlos de Borbón may refer to : Charles III of Spain , King of Spain from 1759 to 1788 Charles IV of Spain , King of Spain from 14 December 1788 until his abdication on 19 March 1808 Infante Carlos , Count of Molina , pretender Infante Carlos , Count of Montemolin , pretender Carlos , Duke of Madrid , pretender Alfonso Carlos of Bourbon , Duke of San Jaime , pretender Prince Carlos of Bourbon-Two Sicilies , nephew of Francis II of Two Sicilies , father of Infante Alfonso , Duke of Calabria Juan Carlos I of Spain , King of Spain from 1975 to 2014",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4ee6f7333963bba4eab8e9548c3372e9",
"text": "Charles Amadeus, Duke of Nemours Charles Amadeus of Savoy ( Charles-Amédée de Savoie ) , Duke of Nemours ( 12 April 162430 July 1652 ) was a French military leader and magnate . He was the father of the penultimate Duchess of Savoy and of a Queen of Portugal .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8e3f4cf7d20757953f893c93125e3f04",
"text": "Charles II, Duke of Savoy Charles II or Charles John Amadeus ( Carlo Giovanni Amedeo in Italian ) ( 23 June 1489 , Turin , Piedmont -- 16 April 1496 ) , was the Duke of Savoy from 1490 to 1496 but his mother Blanche of Montferrat ( 1472-1519 ) was the actual ruler as a regent . In 1485 his father Charles I had received the hereditary rights to the Kingdoms of Cyprus , Jerusalem , and Armenia which were inherited by young Charles .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d0b062a235250c76e53e94d25cb046cf",
"text": "Napoléon Charles Bonaparte, 5th Prince of Canino Napoléon Charles Bonaparte , 5th Prince of Canino and Musignano ( Napoléon Charles Grégoire Jacques Philippe Bonaparte ; 5 February 1839 -- 11 February 1899 ) , was born in Rome as the son of Charles Lucien Bonaparte and Zénaïde Laetitia Julie Bonaparte . Napoléon Charles served in the French Army and saw action during the French intervention in Mexico and the Franco-Prussian War , the latter of which resulted in the downfall of the Second French Empire of his cousin , Emperor Napoléon III . He was married in Rome on 25 November 1859 , to princess Maria Cristina Ruspoli ( 1842 -- 1907 ) , daughter of Giovanni Nepomucene Ruspoli , 5th Prince of Cerveteri , and they had three daughters : Princess Zénaïde Eugénie Bonaparte ( 1860 -- 1862 ) Princess Mary Bonaparte ( 1870 -- 1947 ) ; married Enrico Gotti . Princess Eugénie Bonaparte ( 1872 -- 1949 ) ; married and later divorced Léon Napoléon Ney , 4th prince de La Moskowa . Napoléon Charles succeeded as 5th Prince of Canino and Musignano on 19 November 1895 , following the death of his brother Lucien . His cousin , Roland Bonaparte , succeeded him as the 6th Prince of Canino and Musignano but did not assume the title .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1fd8f8cb2e7d2cf9897b9905120cfbce",
"text": "Prince Carlos of Bourbon-Two Sicilies Don Carlos , Prince of Bourbon-Two Sicilies , Infante of Spain ( Full Italian name : Carlo Maria Francesco d'Assisi Pasquale Ferdinando Antonio di Padova Francesco de Paola Alfonso Andrea Avelino Tancredi , Principe di Borbone delle Due Sicilie , Infante di Spagna ) ( 10 November 1870 , , Bolzano , Italy -- 11 November 1949 , Seville , Spain ) was the son of Prince Alfonso of the Two Sicilies , Count of Caserta and his wife Princess Maria Antonietta of Bourbon-Two Sicilies , and nephew of the last King of the Two Sicilies , Francis II .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3141e4ce348fb0e66d8b55304a1f2a06",
"text": "Charles Ferdinand, Prince of Capua Prince Charles of the Two Sicilies , Prince of Capua ( Full Italian name : Carlo Ferdinando , Principe di Borbone delle Due Sicilie , Principe di Capua ) ( 10 November 1811 -- 22 April 1862 in Turin , Kingdom of Italy ) was the second son of Francis I of the Two Sicilies and his second wife Maria Isabella of Spain . He contracted a morganatic marriage in 1836 and had to live for the rest of his life in exile .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9a41760ac70cc40553ea8f5f9b65c606",
"text": "Philip I, Duke of Brabant Philip I , Duke of Brabant , also known as Philip of Saint Pol ( 25 July 1404 -- Leuven , 4 August 1430 ) , younger son of Antoine , Duke of Brabant and Jeanne of Saint-Pol , succeeded his brother John as Duke of Brabant in 1427 . He had already been given Saint-Pol and Ligny as an appanage on the death of his grandfather Waleran III in 1415 at the Battle of Agincourt . He commanded the Burgundian forces occupying Paris in 1419 , but he returned to Brabant in 1420 , where the populace complained of his brother 's misadministration . He was declared ruwaard ( regent ) of Brabant . In 1421 , he was reconciled with his brother , and resigned the regency . The citizens were pacified by John 's `` Nieuw Regiment '' in 1422 . During his own reign , Philip was forced to grant concessions to the nobility in 1428 . Wary of the rise of his cousin and heir Philip the Good in the Hook and Cod wars , he sought a marital alliance with Louis II of Anjou against Burgundy , marrying his daughter Yolande . Because this marriage produced no children , his death in 1430 placed Brabant in the hands of his cousin Philip the Good , the next heir , whilst Saint-Pol and Ligny went to his great-aunt Joan , by proximity of blood . His wife was placed in the guardianship of Philip the Good , until she remarried in 1431 with Francis I , Duke of Brittany .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "505c9a7ec8cf773f222fdacb3a85c9bd",
"text": "Joséphine de Beauharnais Joséphine de Beauharnais ( -LSB- ʒo.ze.fin də ‿ bo.aʁ.nɛ -RSB- ; née Tascher de la Pagerie ; 23 June 1763 -- 29 May 1814 ) was the first wife of Napoleon I , and thus the first Empress of the French ( commonly called Empress Joséphine or just Joséphine ) . Her marriage to Napoleon I was her second ; her first husband Alexandre de Beauharnais was guillotined during the Reign of Terror , and she herself was imprisoned in the Carmes prison until five days after Alexandre 's execution . Her two children by Alexandre became significant to royal lineage . Through her daughter , Hortense , she was the maternal grandmother of Napoléon III . Through her son , Eugène , she was the great-grandmother of later Swedish and Danish kings and queens . The reigning houses of Belgium , Norway and Luxembourg also descend from her . She did not bear Napoleon any children ; as a result , he divorced her in 1810 to marry Marie Louise of Austria . Joséphine was the recipient of numerous love letters written by Napoleon , many of which still exist . Her Château de Malmaison was noted for its magnificent rose garden , which she supervised closely , owing to her passionate interest in roses , collected from all over the world .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dc45146975e7f5f653a2e36678c19c8c",
"text": "Legitimists The Legitimists ( Légitimistes ) are royalists in France who adhere to the rights of dynastic succession of the descendants of the elder branch of the Bourbon dynasty , which was overthrown in the 1830 July Revolution . They reject the claim of the July Monarchy of 1830 -- 1848 , whose king was a member of the junior Orléans line of the Bourbon dynasty . Following the movement of Ultra-royalists during the Bourbon Restoration of 1814 , legitimists came to form one of the three main right-wing factions in France , which was principally characterized by its counter-revolutionary views . The other two right-wing factions are , according to historian René Rémond , the Orléanists and the Bonapartists . Legitimists hold that the king of France must be chosen according to the traditional rules of succession based in the Salic law . When the direct line of Charles X became extinct in 1883 with the death of his grandson Henri , Count of Chambord , the most senior heir to the throne under these traditional rules was Juan , Count of Montizón , a descendent of Louis XIV via his grandson Philip V of Spain . The main current legitimist pretender is Louis Alphonse , Duke of Anjou .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d712ac1bba41125aa5bb47d7bf0d2c1f",
"text": "Charles V of France Charles V ( 21 January 1338 -- 16 September 1380 ) , called the Wise ( French : `` le Sage '' ) , was a monarch of the House of Valois who ruled as King of France from 1364 to his death . In 1349 , as a young prince , Charles received from his grandfather King Philip VI the province of Dauphiné to rule . This allowed him to bear the title `` Dauphin '' until his coronation , which led to the integration of the Dauphiné into the crown lands of France . After 1350 , all heirs apparent of France bore the title of Dauphin until their coronation . Charles became regent of France when his father John II was captured by the English at the Battle of Poitiers in 1356 . To pay the ransom , Charles raised taxes . As a result , he faced hostility from the nobility , led by Charles the Bad , King of Navarre ; the opposition of the French bourgeoisie , which was channeled through the Estates-General led by Etienne Marcel ; and with peasant revolts known as Jacqueries . Charles overcame all of these rebellions , but in order to liberate his father , he had to conclude the Treaty of Brétigny in 1360 , in which he abandoned large portions of south-western France to Edward III of England and agreed to pay a huge ransom . Charles became king in 1364 . With the help of talented advisers known as the Marmousets , his skillful management of the kingdom allowed him to replenish the royal treasury and to restore the prestige of the House of Valois . He established the first permanent army paid with regular wages , which liberated the French populace from the companies of routiers who regularly plundered the country when not employed . Led by Bertrand du Guesclin , the French Army was able to turn the tide of the Hundred Years ' War to Charles ' advantage , and by the end of Charles ' reign , they had reconquered almost all the territories ceded to the English in 1360 . Furthermore , the French Navy , led by Jean de Vienne , managed to attack the English coast for the first time since the beginning of the Hundred Years ' War . Charles V died in 1380 . He was succeeded by his son Charles VI the Mad , whose disastrous reign allowed the English to regain control of large parts of France .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fc33e25af752a47a18c934afc14e31d9",
"text": "Jaime, Duke of Madrid Jaime de Borbón y de Borbón-Parma , called Duke of Madrid and known in France as Jacques de Bourbon , Duke of Anjou ( 27 June 1870 -- 2 October 1931 ) was the Carlist claimant to the throne of Spain under the name Jaime III and the Legitimist claimant to the throne of France as Jacques I.",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0525ed59bad0d60295d36b9108f0ca57",
"text": "Louise Bénédicte de Bourbon Louise Bénédicte de Bourbon ( Anne Louise Bénédicte ; 8 November 1676 -- 23 January 1753 ) , was the daughter of Henri Jules de Bourbon , Prince of Condé and Anne Henriette of Bavaria . As a member of the reigning House of Bourbon , she was a princesse du sang . Forced to marry the Duke of Maine , legitimised son of Louis XIV and Madame de Montespan , she revelled in politics and the arts , and held a popular salon at the Hôtel du Maine as well as at the Château de Sceaux .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3da51d11ad168d6af0ee9fa90c52b6ba",
"text": "Joan II of Navarre Joan II ( Jeanne 28 January 1312 -- 6 October 1349 ) was Queen of Navarre from 1328 until her death . She was the only surviving child of Louis X of France , King of France and Navarre , and Margaret of Burgundy . Joan 's paternity was dubious because her mother was involved in a scandal , but Louis X declared her his legitimate daughter before he died in 1316 . However , the French lords were opposed to the idea of a female monarch and elected Louis X 's brother , Philip V , king . The Navarrese noblemen also did homage to Philip . Joan 's maternal grandmother , Agnes of France , Duchess of Burgundy , and uncle , Odo IV of Burgundy , made attempts to secure the counties of Champagne and Brie ( which had been the patrimony of Louis X 's mother , Joan I of Navarre ) to Joan , but the French royal troops defeated her supporters . After Philip V married his daughter to Odo and granted him two counties as her dowry , Odo renounced Joan 's claim to Champagne and Brie in exchange for a compensation in March 1318 . Joan married Philip of Évreux , who was also a member of the French royal family . Philip V was succeeded by his brother , Charles IV , in both France and Navarre in 1322 , but most Navarrese lords refused to swear loyalty to him . After Charles IV died in 1328 , the Navarrese expelled the French governor and declared Joan the rightful monarch of Navarre . In France , Philip of Valois was crowned king . He concluded an agreement with Joan and her husband , who renounced Joan 's claims to Champagne and Brie in exchange for three counties , while Philip acknowledged their right to Navarre . Joan and her husband were together crowned in Pamplona Cathedral on 5 March 1329 . The royal couple closely cooperated during their joint reign , but Philip of Évreux was more active . However , they mostly lived in their French domains . Navarre was then administered by governors during their absence .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3ceb227d302255618593723959da7d11",
"text": "Maria Anna of Savoy, Duchess of Chablais Maria Anna of Savoy ( Maria Anna Carlota Gabriela ; 17 December 1757 -- 11 October 1824 ) was a Princess of Savoy by birth and Duchess of Chablais by her marriage to her uncle . Born at the Royal Palace of Turin , she was the sixth child of Prince Victor Amadeus , Duke of Savoy and , since 1773 , King of Sardinia , by his wife , Maria Antonia Ferdinanda of Spain , as daughter of Philip V. Maria Anna was the fourth but third surviving daughter of her parents . Her two older sisters were the future `` grand daughters in law '' of Louis XV of France , Princess Maria Giuseppina , who married the future Louis XVIII of France in 1771 and Princess Maria Teresa , who married the future Charles X of France in 1773 . Their younger surviving sister , Maria Carolina , married Anthony of Saxony . Three of her brothers were the last three Kings of Sardinia from the senior line of the House of Savoy : the future Charles Emmanuel IV , Victor Emmanuel I and Charles Felix . After the death of the last one in 1831 without issue , the throne passed to Charles Albert , Prince of Carignano and next legitimate male heir .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e8841d5f899e069bcaed33d66caaf987",
"text": "Dauphin of France The Dauphin of France ( -LSB- pronˈdɔːfᵻn -RSB- , also -LSB- ˈdəufæn -RSB- and -LSB- douˈfæn -RSB- Dauphin de France , -LSB- dofɛ̃ -RSB- ) -- strictly The Dauphin of Viennois ( Dauphin de Viennois ) -- was the title given to the heir apparent to the throne of France from 1350 to 1791 and 1824 to 1830 . The word is French for dolphin , as a reference to the depiction of the animal on their coat of arms .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e9836100681dbf4d44cdb94c7537553c",
"text": "Arnaud Amanieu, Lord of Albret Arnaud Amanieu ( also Arnold and Amaneus , 4 August 1338 -- 1401 ) was the Lord of Albret from 1358 . Arnaud Amanieu was the son of Bernard Ezi IV and Mathe of Armagnac . In 1330 , Edward III of England sent men to Gascony to negotiate with the nobles . Beranrd Ezi IV tried to negotiate a marriage between Arnaud Amanieu and a daughter of Edmund of Woodstock , Earl of Kent , but the plans fell through . In 1363 , Edward the Black Prince , then Duke of Gascony , went to his province to procure the homage of his barons , chief among whom was Arnaud Amanieu . In the cathedral of Bordeaux on 9 July , the lord of Albret was the first to kneel sans belt and cap before the Prince and swear an oath of fealty ( save his allegiance to the King of England ) , then to kiss a Bible and a cross , and finally to kiss the Prince on the mouth ( a `` holy kiss '' signifying fellowship and peace ) . However , good relations did not last long between Lord and Prince . In 1368 , while preparing to cross the Pyrenees to join in the Castilian Civil War , Edward demanded a contingent from Arnaud Amanieu , but the forces requested were more than the lord of Albret could suffice . Arnaud Amanieu refused , causing the Black Prince to say : Edward 's Council also declared a fouage , a new tax , which was bitterly resented by the great landholders . John I of Armagnac , Peter-Raymond II of Comminges , Roger Bernard of Périgord , and Arnaud Amanieu sent appeals to Charles V of France , appeals which are preserved to this day in the Archives Nationales in Paris . They addressed him as the `` sovereign lord of the duchée de Guienne and the other lands baillées to the king of England by the treaty of peace . '' Needless to say , the king of France readily received the Gascon rebels into his fold . On 30 June 1368 , after Arnaud Amanieu married Margaret of Bourbon , a secret treaty was signed between Charles V , Arnaud Amanieu , John , and Roger Bernard . Charles pledged aid in the event of war and he swore never to give up his claims of sovereignty over Gascony . The lords agreed to serve Charles -- for pay -- in Auvergne , Toulouse , Berry , and Touraine , and to take an oath to him . The fouage was remitted for the next decade , unless the barons chose to reimpose it on themselves . A body of lawyers and barons was called to decide the sovereignty question and they unanimously affirmed that Charles was sovereign over Gascony . Amanieu remained close to the French monarchy until his death in 1401 . His son , Charles I , became Constable of France .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1830379ec5ef8013ae7191447039671b",
"text": "Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor Francis I ( Franz Stefan , François Étienne 8 December 1708 -- 18 August 1765 ) was Holy Roman Emperor and Grand Duke of Tuscany , though his wife effectively executed the real powers of those positions . With his wife , Maria Theresa , he was the founder of the Habsburg-Lorraine dynasty . From 1728 until 1737 he was Duke of Lorraine . In 1737 , Lorraine became managed by France under terms resulting from the War of the Polish Succession . Francis and the House of Lorraine received the Grand Duchy of Tuscany in the peace treaty that ended that war . After taking the throne of the Holy Roman Empire , the return of the ancestral duchy of Lorraine went nominally to his brother Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine ( who was however engaged in ruling the Austrian Netherlands ) , until succession under derivate house alliances resulted in Lorraine 's annexation to France in 1766 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0f64388380c3cd398d3b8327c92af1b2",
"text": "Infanta María Amalia of Spain (1779–1798) Maria Amalia of Bourbon , Infanta of Spain ( Madrid , 9 January 1779 - Madrid , 22 July 1798 ) , was a Spanish princess . She was a daughter of King Charles IV of Spain , in 1795 , she married her uncle Infante Antonio Pascual of Spain .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1feef6a69dfc1f175b2f46427cadd3f5",
"text": "Marie Anne de Bourbon (1689–1720) Marie Anne de Bourbon ( 18 April 1689 -- 21 March 1720 ) was a princess of the blood at the French court of Versailles . She was the first wife of Louis Henri de Bourbon and as such was the Duchess of Bourbon and Princess of Condé by marriage . She died childless during the Regency of Philippe d'Orléans . She was known as the younger duchess as opposed to her mother-in-law , the older duchess . Despite her husband being the Prince of Condé , he continued to use the title of Duke of Bourbon , the title by which his wife was known .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e820036b77ffddafd5384705332b02da",
"text": "Charles II Charles II may refer to : Charles the Bald ( 823 -- 877 ) , king of the West Franks and Holy Roman Emperor Charles II of Naples ( 1254 -- 1309 ) Charles II of Alençon ( 1297 -- 1346 ) Charles II of Navarre ( 1332 -- 1387 ) Charles II , Duke of Lorraine ( 1364 -- 1431 ) Charles II , Duke of Bourbon ( 1434 -- 1488 ) Charles II , Duke of Savoy ( 1489 -- 1496 ) Charles II , Archduke of Inner Austria ( 1540 -- 1590 ) Charles II , Duke of Elbeuf ( 1596 -- 1657 ) Charles II , Duke of Mantua and Montferrat ( 1629 -- 1665 ) Charles II of England ( 1630 -- 1685 ) , Scotland and Ireland Charles II , Elector Palatine ( 1651 -- 1685 ) Charles II of Spain ( 1661 -- 1700 ) Charles VI , Holy Roman Emperor ( 1685 -- 1740 ) , also known as Charles II of Bohemia Charles de Secondat , baron de Montesquieu ( 1689 -- 1755 ) , French political philosopher of the Enlightenment era Charles II , Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz ( 1741 -- 1816 ) Charles II of Norway ( 1748 -- 1818 ) , also known as Charles XIII of Sweden Charles II of Sweden ( 1409 -- 1470 ) , usually called Charles VIII Landgrave Charles of Hesse-Kassel ( 1744 -- 1836 ) Charles II , Duke of Parma ( 1799 -- 1883 ) Charles II , Duke of Guelders ( 1467 -- 1538 ) Charles II , Landgrave of Hesse-Philippsthal ( 1803 -- 1868 ) Charles II , Lord of Monaco ( 1555 -- 1589 ) Charles II , Duke of Brunswick ( 1804 -- 1873 ) Charles II , Count of Nevers ( died 1521 ) Charles II , Margrave of Baden-Durlach ( 1529 -- 1577 ) Charles Christian II ( 1818 -- 1886 ) Charles II , Count of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen ( 1547 -- 1606 ) Charles Ridgely II ( 1702 -- 1772 ) Charles Scribner II ( 1854 -- 1930 ) Charles Tyroler II ( died 1995 ) Charles Cabrier II",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
27fef22cf166d5e6165d4782c6dab9ae
|
Richmond, Virginia is home to a court of appeals.
|
[
{
"docid": "ffdd04e2c0d6691ac5fbf26bfb86d36e",
"text": "Richmond, Virginia Richmond ( -LSB- ˈrɪtʃmənd -RSB- ) is the capital of the Commonwealth of Virginia in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States . It is the center of the Richmond Metropolitan Statistical Area ( MSA ) and the Greater Richmond Region . It was incorporated in 1742 , and has been an independent city since 1871 . As of the 2010 census , the population was 204,214 ; in 2016 , the population was estimated to be 223,170 , the fourth-most populous city in Virginia . The Richmond Metropolitan Area has a population of 1,260,029 , the third-most populous metro in the state . Richmond is located at the fall line of the James River , 44 mi west of Williamsburg , 66 mi east of Charlottesville , and 98 mi south of Washington , D.C. Surrounded by Henrico and Chesterfield counties , the city is located at the intersections of Interstate 95 and Interstate 64 , and encircled by Interstate 295 and Virginia State Route 288 . Major suburbs include Midlothian to the southwest , Glen Allen to the north and west , Short Pump to the west and Mechanicsville to the northeast . The site of Richmond had been an important village of the Powhatan Confederacy , and was briefly settled by English colonists from Jamestown in 1609 , and in 1610 -- 1611 . The present city of Richmond was founded in 1737 . It became the capital of the Colony and Dominion of Virginia in 1780 . During the Revolutionary War period , several notable events occurred in the city , including Patrick Henry 's `` Give me liberty or give me death '' speech in 1775 at St. John 's Church , and the passage of the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom written by Thomas Jefferson . During the American Civil War , Richmond served as the capital of the Confederate States of America . The city entered the 20th century with one of the world 's first successful electric streetcar systems . The Jackson Ward neighborhood is a national hub of African-American commerce and culture . Richmond 's economy is primarily driven by law , finance , and government , with federal , state , and local governmental agencies , as well as notable legal and banking firms , located in the downtown area . The city is home to both the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit , one of 13 United States courts of appeals , and the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond , one of 12 Federal Reserve Banks . Dominion Resources and MeadWestvaco , Fortune 500 companies , are headquartered in the city , with others in the metropolitan area .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "0c68710d65d5456187468768e5777a85",
"text": "Allen, Allen, Allen & Allen Allen , Allen , Allen & Allen is a United States law firm based in Richmond , Virginia . Founded in 1910 in Lunenburg County , Virginia the firm now has 32 attorneys and more than 130 staff employees in 8 offices in Virginia . They have offices in Richmond , Chesterfield , Mechanicsville , Petersburg , Stafford , Fredericksburg , Charlottesville and Short Pump .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0230faacf7249a4f19b57e074246d8b0",
"text": "Robert Nelson Pollard Robert Nelson Pollard ( June 16 , 1880 -- May 24 , 1954 ) was a United States federal judge . Born in King and Queen County , Virginia , Pollard attended the University of Virginia School of Law and received an LL.B . from the University of Richmond , T.C. Williams School of Law in 1903 . He was in private practice in Richmond , Virginia from 1904 to 1930 . He was a judge on the Law and Equity Court of Richmond , Virginia from 1930 to 1936 . On February 20 , 1936 , Pollard was nominated by President Franklin D. Roosevelt to a new seat on the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia created by 49 Stat . 508 . He was confirmed by the United States Senate on February 27 , 1936 , and received his commission the same day . He assumed senior status on April 22 , 1947 . Pollard served in that capacity until his death , in 1954 , in Richmond .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ea9f7b49c82eb0cf2c800c2416de3675",
"text": "United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit The United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit ( in case citations , 3d Cir . ) is a federal court with appellate jurisdiction over the district courts for the following districts : District of Delaware District of New Jersey Eastern District of Pennsylvania Middle District of Pennsylvania Western District of Pennsylvania It also has appellate jurisdiction over the District Court of the Virgin Islands . This court was created under Article IV of the U.S. Constitution , rather than Article III under which the other district courts in the Circuit were created . The court is composed of 14 active judges and is based at the James A. Byrne Courthouse in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . The court also conducts sittings in other venues , including the U.S. Virgin Islands . It is one of thirteen United States courts of appeals . Due to the court 's appellate jurisdiction over Delaware ( where more than half of publicly traded companies in the United States incorporate ) , the court handles a significant number of influential commercial cases in the United States .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "268c3761d9fa5bdfd6562cb8e03e3aa9",
"text": "University of Louisville School of Law The University of Louisville Louis D. Brandeis School of Law , commonly referred to as The University of Louisville School of Law , U of L Brandeis School of Law , or the Brandeis School of Law , is the law school of the University of Louisville . Established in 1846 , it is the oldest law school in Kentucky and the fifth oldest in the country in continuous operation . The law school is named after Justice Louis Dembitz Brandeis , who served on the Supreme Court of the United States and was the school 's patron . Following the example of Brandeis , who eventually stopped accepting payment for `` public interest '' cases , Louis D. Brandeis School of Law was one of the first law schools in the nation to require students to complete public service before graduation . The school offers six dual-degree programs that allow students to earn an MBA , MSW , MA in humanities , M.Div. , MA in political science , and MUP in urban planning while attaining their J.D. . These classes are offered in conjunction with other University of Louisville departments as well as local colleges . The school 's law library contains 400,000 volumes as well as the papers of Louis D. Brandeis and John Marshall Harlan , both Supreme Court Justices and native Kentuckians . It is one of only thirteen Supreme Court repositories in the nation . The law school 's flagship law review is the University of Louisville Law Review . According to University of Louisville 's 2013 ABA-required disclosures , 61.7 % of the Class of 2013 obtained full-time , long-term , JD-required employment nine months after graduation , excluding solo practitioners .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "336143ffccca4311f2ffc9e17edb022b",
"text": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Richmond, Virginia) St. John 's Church is an Episcopal church located at 2401 East Broad Street in Richmond , Virginia , United States . Formed from several earlier parishes , St. John 's is the oldest church in the city of Richmond , Virginia . It was built in 1741 by William Randolph 's son , Colonel Richard Randolph ; the Church Hill district was named for it . It was the site of two important conventions in the period leading to the American Revolutionary War , and is famous as the location where Patrick Henry gave his memorable speech at the Second Virginia Convention , closing with the often-quoted demand , `` give me liberty , or give me death ! '' The church is designated as a National Historic Landmark .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "659800ff4416bbfffc34c2a3776e90b2",
"text": "Court of Historical Review The Court of Historical Review ( sometimes called the Court of Historical Review and Appeal ) is a mock court in San Francisco , California . It has been convened on irregular intervals over several decades in order to decide questions of historical curiosity . The court 's judgment is purely symbolic and has no legal or academic authority . The court has been presided over by a number of actual or retired judges , including U.S. District Court Judge Daniel Hanlon and San Francisco Municipal Court Judge George T. Choppelas . Though it is a mock court , a number of notable attorneys and civic figures have argued cases and appeared as `` witnesses '' , sometimes in character as historical figures . The court 's proceedings are described as colorful and are reported widely .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e1e1246626869d43d25992b6adbacfb7",
"text": "Freedom suit Freedom suits were lawsuits in the Thirteen Colonies and the United States filed by enslaved people against slaveholders to assert claims to freedom , often based on descent from a free maternal ancestor , or time held as a resident in a free state or territory . The right to petition for freedom descended from English common law and allowed people to challenge their enslavement or indenture . Petitioners challenged slavery both directly and indirectly , even if slaveholders generally viewed such petitions as a means to uphold rather than undermine slavery . Beginning with the colonies in North America , legislatures enacted slave laws that created a legal basis for `` just subjection ; '' these were adopted or updated by the state and territorial legislatures that superseded them after the United States gained independence . These codes also enabled enslaved persons to sue for freedom based on wrongful enslavement . While some cases were tried during the colonial period , the majority of petitions for freedom were heard during the antebellum period in the border or the Southern United States . After the American Revolution , most northern states abolished slavery and were considered `` free . '' The United States Congress prohibited slavery in some newly established territories , and some new states were admitted to the union as free states . The rise in travel and migration of masters with slaves between free and slave states resulted in conditions that gave rise to slaves suing for freedom . Many free states had residency limits for masters who brought slaves into their territory ; after that time , the slave would be considered free . Some slaves sued for wrongful enslavement after being held in a free state . Other grounds for suit were that the person was freeborn and illegally held in slavery , or that the person was illegally held because of being descended from a freeborn woman in the maternal line . The principle of partus sequitur ventrem , first incorporated into English colonial slavery law by a 1662 statute in Virginia , established that children 's status was that of the mother . It was adopted into law by other English colonies , and the states of the United States . In Saint Louis , Missouri records of nearly 300 petition cases have been found that were filed between 1807 and 1860 , and in Washington , D.C. nearly 500 petition cases were filed in the same period . A large portion of cases , as much as one-third , either never went to trial or were settled out of court . In the early nineteenth century in St. Louis and in Washington , D.C. , nearly half of the attorneys at the bar may have acted as counsel for slave petitions . In Missouri , the courts assigned an attorney to the petitioner if it accepted a freedom suit for hearing ; some of the top attorneys in St. Louis defended slaves . After the 1830s , the number of petition cases gradually declined . But from 1800 to 1830 , most of the bar in these cities tried a petition case . Before the end of the eighteenth century , some southern states began to make petitioning for freedom more difficult . Maryland , for example , in 1796 required that county courts serve as the court of original jurisdiction , rather than the General Court of the Western Shore , an appellate court . The county courts clearly would be more favorable to the interests and views of the local planters against whom these suits were often filed . The legislature also banned those with antislavery sympathies from serving on juries in freedom suits . Virginia passed a similar law on jury composition in 1798 . But , for a few decades , courts in slave states such as Louisiana , Mississippi , and Missouri often respected the precedent of `` once free , always free '' established by free states . Until the late 1850s , they ruled that slaves who had been held in free states maintained their freedom even if brought back into slave states . Until the Civil War brought an end to slavery , thousands of freedom suits were tried in state courts across the country , with some slaves petitioning as high as the Supreme Court .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1d3cf4604510c8429030bb08300efc0d",
"text": "House of Burgesses The Virginia House of Burgesses -LSB- ˈbɜrdʒəsɪz -RSB- was the first legislative assembly of elected representatives in North America . The House was established by the Virginia Company , which created the body as part of an effort to encourage English craftsmen to settle in North America , and to make conditions in the colony more agreeable for its current inhabitants . From 1619 to 1776 , the representative branch of the legislature of Virginia was the House of Burgesses , which governed in conjunction with a colonial governor and his council . Jamestown remained the capital of the Virginia colony until 1699 , when the government was moved to Williamsburg . In 1776 the colony became the independent Commonwealth of Virginia and the House of Burgesses became the House of Delegates .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1b6f710f4cb9da92232b2db498f9c530",
"text": "Richmond Public Schools This school division contains public schools serving the independent city of Richmond , Virginia . It is occasionally described locally as Richmond City Public Schools to emphasize its connection to the independent city rather than the Richmond-Petersburg region at large or the rural Richmond County which is located in a different region northeast of the city .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d1f38ed7b40862fd02594614f5bd07b5",
"text": "Nova Scotia Court of Appeal The Court of Appeal for Nova Scotia ( Nova Scotia Court of Appeal or NSCA ) is the highest appeal court in the province of Nova Scotia , Canada . There are currently seven Justices and one Chief Justice . The court sits in Halifax , which is the capital of Nova Scotia . Cases are heard by a panel of three judges and over the year they rule on roughly 250 cases . The Court of Appeal was established on 30 January 1993 . Prior to 1966 appeals pursuant to Supreme Court cases were heard by a panel of Supreme Court judges sitting en banc and from 1966 to 1993 by the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court . The Chief Justice of the Court of Appeal is the Chief Justice of Nova Scotia . Prior to the establishment of the Court of Appeal the Chief Justice was the Chief Justice of the Appeal Division ( 1966 -- 1993 ) and before 1966 of the Supreme Court .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2e7ab93701f7e59a97f16fcbe4132df2",
"text": "Certificate of appealability In the most common types of habeas corpus proceedings in the United States federal courts , a certificate of appealability is a legal document that must be issued before a petitioner may appeal from a denial of the writ . The certificate may only be issued when the petitioner has made a `` substantial showing of the denial of a constitutional right . '' The application may be made explicitly , but a notice of appeal made without a certificate of appealability is treated as an implicit application for the certificate . `` To obtain a -LSB- certificate of appealability -RSB- , the -LSB- petitioner -RSB- must make a request to a district or circuit court judge . In the application , the -LSB- petitioner -RSB- includes the issues he wishes to raise on appeal . In general , the application process is informal , there is no hearing , and the government rarely files a brief in response to the prisoner 's request . The determination is simply made in chambers . If the district court judge denies the request , the -LSB- petitioner -RSB- may apply to the circuit judge . In addition , a notice of appeal to the circuit court can be treated as a request for a COA . '' Under Rule 22 of the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure , `` a certificate of appealability is not required when a state or its representative or the United States or its representative appeals . '' A certificate of appealability is also not required for petitioners seeking a writ of coram nobis ; however , the writ of coram nobis is only available for those who are no longer in-custody ( or on probation ) and the issues raised in the petition could not have been known while the petitioner was in-custody . The Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996 changed the procedures for issuing a certificate of appealability in federal court . Under the 1996 law , `` there can be no appeal from a final order in a § 2255 proceeding unless a circuit justice or judge issues a certificate of appealability . '' The United States Supreme Court held in Slack v. McDaniel , 529 U.S. 473 ( 2000 ) , that the standard for issuing a certificate is whether `` reasonable jurists could debate whether ( or , for that matter , agree that ) the petition should have been resolved in a different manner . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c9c34fcbe9ed8d2ba2e91c6fc1a76dc8",
"text": "Leapfrog appeal In the courts of England and Wales , a ` leapfrog ' appeal is a special and relatively rare form of appeal in which a case which was heard by the High Court in its capacity as a trial court , an appellate court or as a source of judicial review is appealed directly to the Supreme Court ( skipping the Court of Appeal ) . Typically leapfrog appeals are permitted only when the High Court was bound by a previous decision of the Supreme Court or House of Lords and therefore the party appealing the decision could not succeed in the Court of Appeal ( because lower courts can not over-turn the decisions of higher courts ) . The case must also be seen as a ` point of law of general public importance ' and both parties must agree to the ` leapfrogging ' . The purpose of a ` leapfrog ' appeal is to avoid the excess time and resources used in litigating an appeal in a court in which it could not succeed as a ` stepping stone ' to a court where it could .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c8fbb1b6f2788f8bcbcfe99ac449b25d",
"text": "Supreme Court of Virginia The Supreme Court of Virginia is the highest court in the Commonwealth of Virginia . It primarily hears direct appeals in civil cases from the trial-level city and county circuit courts , as well as the criminal law , family law and administrative law cases that are initially appealed to the Court of Appeals of Virginia . It is one of the oldest continuously active judicial bodies in the United States . It was known as the Supreme Court of Appeals until 1970 , when it was renamed the Supreme Court of Virginia , because of it 's ability to have final jurisdiction .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7e86fbbeb1747fd6a913711d096e8d5f",
"text": "Judicial appointment history for United States federal courts The appointment of federal judges for United States federal courts has become viewed as a political process in the last several decades . This is especially true of U.S. Supreme Court and court of appeals appointments . The tables below provide the composition of the Supreme and circuit courts at the end of each four year presidential term , categorizing the judges by the presidential term during which they were nominated for their seat . As of March 2014 a majority of the federal appeals courts have a majority of Democratic appointees . However , the party of the president who appointed a judge is not always a good indicator of that judge 's judicial philosophy and place on the political spectrum .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6a8dfe98d0996612a204f048cbff8873",
"text": "Missouri Court of Appeals The Missouri Court of Appeals is the intermediate appellate court for the state of Missouri . The court handles most of the appeals from the Missouri Circuit Courts . The court is divided into three geographic districts : Eastern ( based in St. Louis ) , Western ( based in Kansas City ) , and Southern ( based in Springfield ) . For example , appeals taken from trials in St. Louis County will go to the Eastern District , and appeals taken from trials in Jackson County ( Kansas City ) will go to the Western District . After a case is decided in the Court of Appeals , the losing party may chose to accept the result , or to appeal further to the Supreme Court of Missouri . In most appeals , the Supreme Court of Missouri may , and often does , reject an appeal from the Court of Appeals ( called `` discretionary jurisdiction '' ) . Historically , less than ten percent of the appeals heard by the Missouri Court of Appeals are transferred to the Supreme Court . Thus , for the vast majority of appeals , the Court of Appeals decision is final .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c8528f82deb351903729931172bc2cac",
"text": "Precedent In legal systems based on common law , a precedent , or authority , is a principle or rule established in a previous legal case that is either binding on or persuasive for a court or other tribunal when deciding subsequent cases with similar issues or facts . Common law legal systems place great value on deciding cases according to consistent principled rules so that similar facts will yield similar and predictable outcomes , and observance of precedent is the mechanism by which that goal is attained . The principle by which judges are bound to precedents is known as stare decisis . Black 's Law Dictionary defines `` precedent '' as a `` rule of law established for the first time by a court for a particular type of case and thereafter referred to in deciding similar cases . '' Common law precedent is a third kind of law , on equal footing with statutory law ( statutes and codes enacted by legislative bodies ) , and Delegated legislation ( in U.K. parlance ) or regulatory law ( in U.S. parlance ) ( regulations promulgated by executive branch agencies ) . Case law , in common law jurisdictions , is the set of decisions of adjudicatory tribunals or other rulings that can be cited as precedent . In most countries , including most European countries , the term is applied to any set of rulings on law which is guided by previous rulings , for example , previous decisions of a government agency . Essential to the development of case law is the publication and indexing of decisions for use by lawyers , courts and the general public , in the form of law reports . While all decisions are precedent ( though at varying levels of authority as discussed throughout this article ) , some become `` leading cases '' or `` landmark decisions '' that are cited especially often .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "959fafc202d70e46dab4ea3f8428da2f",
"text": "Common law Common law ( also known as judicial precedent or judge-made law or case law ) is the body of law developed by judges , courts , and similar tribunals . The defining characteristic of `` common law '' is that it arises as precedent . In cases where the parties disagree on what the law is , a common law court looks to past precedential decisions of relevant courts , and synthesizes the principles of those past cases as applicable to the current facts . If a similar dispute has been resolved in the past , the court is usually bound to follow the reasoning used in the prior decision ( a principle known as stare decisis ) . If , however , the court finds that the current dispute is fundamentally distinct from all previous cases ( called a `` matter of first impression '' ) , and legislative statutes are either silent or ambiguous on the question , judges have the authority and duty to resolve the issue ( one party or the other has to win , and on disagreements of law , judges make that decision ) . The court states an opinion that gives reasons for the decision , and those reasons agglomerate with past decisions as precedent to bind future judges and litigants . Common law is a body of law made by judges , in contrast to and on equal footing with statutes which are adopted through the legislative process , and regulations which are promulgated by the executive branch ( the interactions are explained later in this article ) . Stare decisis , the principle that cases should be decided according to consistent principled rules so that similar facts will yield similar results , lies at the heart of all common law systems . A `` common law system '' is a legal system that gives great precedential weight to common law . Common law systems originated during the Middle Ages in England , and from there propagated to the colonies of the British Empire . Today , one third of the world 's population live in common law jurisdictions or in systems mixed with civil law .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8ba85943bce178a58097eb9549b405a1",
"text": "Virginia Workers' Compensation Commission The Virginia Workers ' Compensation Commission ( VWC ) is an agency of the U.S. state of Virginia that oversees the resolution of workers ' compensation claims brought in that state , in accordance with the Virginia Workers ' Compensation Act . The Commission has exclusive jurisdiction to adjudicate such claims . Its decisions may be appealed to the Virginia Court of Appeals . The Commission is headed by three Commissioners and an Executive Director . The Commissioners are chosen by the Virginia General Assembly and serve staggered six-year terms . Wesley G. Marshall , R. Ferrell Newman , and Robert A. Rapaport currently serve as Commissioners . The Commissioners elect a Chairman for a term of three years . Mr. Marshall is currently the Chairman and Evelyn McGill is the Executive Director . The Commission is headquartered in Richmond , Virginia , but has offices and hearing locations at various places around the state . The Commission is also directed by statute to administer two other programs . One is the Criminal Injuries Compensation Fund , which assists crime victims . The other is the Birth-Related Neurological Injury Program , which assists children who sustained certain kinds of injuries set forth in the statute at birth .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "92a5e79001e2687db476b1913f3f4840",
"text": "United States District Court for the District of Potomac The United States District Court for the District of Potomac was a short-lived United States federal court . Named for the Potomac River , it had jurisdiction over the District of Columbia and pieces of Maryland and Virginia , making it the first ( and one of the only ) United States district court to cross state lines . It was established in the Judiciary Act of 1801 -- also known as the `` Midnight Judges Act '' , because it sought to redistrict the federal courts to allow outgoing President John Adams to make additional appointments -- and was abolished in the Judiciary Act of 1802 . The language of the first Judiciary Act , setting forth the geographic jurisdiction of the District , was as follows :",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "92f5a9cd633c2d502948f45379452cd2",
"text": "North Carolina judicial elections, 2014 Four justices of the seven-member North Carolina Supreme Court and four judges of the 15-member North Carolina Court of Appeals were elected by North Carolina voters on November 4 , 2014 , concurrently with other state elections . Terms for seats on each court are eight years . Assessing the election results , Politifact writer Louis Jacobson noted that Supreme Court races in North Carolina and other states yielded `` better-than-average results '' for Democrats , who otherwise suffered heavy defeats across the country . `` In a series of hotly contested North Carolina contests , two Democratic-leaning judges -LSB- Ervin and Hudson -RSB- prevailed , one Democrat -LSB- Beasley -RSB- was leading in a very close race , and one Republican -LSB- Chief Justice Martin -RSB- was re-elected , '' Jacobson wrote . At the Court of Appeals level , two Democrats , Lucy Inman and Mark Davis , and one Republican , John Tyson , were elected in contested races , while another Republican , Donna Stroud , was re-elected without opposition . North Carolina ranked second among all states in total spending on judicial election campaigns in 2014 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
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