Split (1)

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1a64307d3c36b0d193aae8bc58e7141d	Brittany Murphy is incapable of being an actress.	[ { "docid": "1130f1c16b9a7475e174d477c0748daf", "text": "Brittany Murphy Brittany Murphy-Monjack ( born Brittany Anne Bertolotti ; November 10 , 1977 -- December 20 , 2009 ) , known professionally as Brittany Murphy , was an American film and stage actress , singer , and voice artist . A native of Atlanta , Murphy moved to Los Angeles as a teenager and pursued a career in acting . Her breakthrough role was as Tai Frasier in Clueless ( 1995 ) , followed by supporting roles in independent films such as Freeway ( 1996 ) and Bongwater ( 1998 ) . She made her stage debut in a Broadway production of Arthur Miller 's A View from the Bridge in 1997 , before appearing as Daisy Randone in Girl , Interrupted ( 1999 ) and as Lisa Swenson in Drop Dead Gorgeous ( 1999 ) . The 2000s saw Murphy with roles in Do n't Say a Word ( 2001 ) alongside Michael Douglas , and alongside Eminem in 8 Mile ( 2002 ) , for which she gained critical recognition . Her later roles included Riding in Cars with Boys ( 2001 ) , Spun ( 2002 ) , Uptown Girls ( 2003 ) , Sin City ( 2005 ) , and Happy Feet ( 2006 ) . Murphy also voiced Luanne Platter on the animated television series King of the Hill ( 1997 -- 2009 ) . Her final film , Something Wicked , was released in April 2014 . In December 2009 , Murphy died of pneumonia at the age of 32 . When her widower Simon Monjack died from the same illness six months later , the Los Angeles County Department of Health Services considered toxic mold in their home as a possible cause for their deaths , but this was dismissed by the Coroner 's Office . In 2011 , Murphy 's mother Sharon filed a lawsuit against the attorneys who represented her in an earlier suit against the builders of the home where her daughter and son-in-law died .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "adca57a33d532db257aee7a8bb127ff9", "text": "Proxy (film) Proxy is a 2013 American horror film directed by Zack Parker . The movie had its world premiere on September 10 , 2013 at the Toronto International Film Festival . It stars Alexia Rasmussen as a pregnant young woman who joins a support group after she miscarries due to a vicious attack . The filmmakers describe Proxy as a spiritual successor to the horror film Rosemary 's Baby , and its main character Esther Woodhouse is named after the earlier film 's protagonist Rosemary Woodhouse . Film rights to Proxy were picked up by IFC Midnight shortly after its premiere at the Toronto International Film Festival .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "16054a9b332caaea970d46ceaa907e6b", "text": "28th Golden Raspberry Awards The 28th Golden Raspberry Awards or Razzies were held on February 23 , 2008 , in Santa Monica , California , USA , to honor the worst films of 2007 . The nominations were announced on January 21 . In line with Razzies tradition , both the nominee announcements and ceremony preceded the corresponding Academy Awards functions by one day . The most nominated film of 2007 was I Know Who Killed Me with nine nominations , followed by I Now Pronounce You Chuck and Larry and Norbit with eight each . I Know Who Killed Me was the big winner of the evening , receiving eight awards for a new Razzie record . Eddie Murphy received a Razzie record five personal nominations , all surrounding his work ( especially his performance of multiple characters ) in Norbit . He ended up winning three awards , one for each character he portrayed . The actress Lindsay Lohan also won three awards for her dual roles in I Know Who Killed Me . The special category introduced this year was Worst Excuse for a Horror Movie .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9dc25a7f1c07ffd673c318ffca65d793", "text": "Caitlin Dulany Caitlin Dulany is an American actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8c240925fb5282b073aeb4734d174905", "text": "Claire Foy Claire Foy ( born 16 April 1984 ) is an English actress . She studied drama and screen studies at Liverpool John Moores University and trained at the Oxford School of Drama , where she appeared in four plays , including Watership Down . She made her screen debut in the pilot episode of Being Human ( 2008 ) and in an episode of the BBC soap opera Doctors ( 2008 ) . Following her professional stage debut at the Royal National Theatre , she played the title role in the BBC One production of Little Dorrit , ( 2008 ) , and made her film debut as Anna in Season of the Witch ( 2011 ) . She had main roles as Erin Matthews in the Channel 4 series The Promise ( 2011 ) and several other television films and miniseries , including as Kate Balfour in the NBC series Crossbones ( 2014 ) . She received unanimous praise for her performance as Anne Boleyn in BBC2 's Wolf Hall ( 2015 ) , for which she was nominated for the British Academy Television Award for Best Actress and the Critics ' Choice Television Award for Best Supporting Actress in a Movie/Miniseries . Since 2016 , she has portrayed the young Queen Elizabeth II on the Netflix series The Crown , a role for which she has received critical acclaim and won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress - Television Series Drama and the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series , and was nominated for the BAFTA TV Award for Best Actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "de227dd07e3029b39997088db5a3ad1b", "text": "Matisse (singer) Brittany Smith , better known by her stage name Matisse , is an American actress , model , singer , and songwriter . She was best known for being part of the duo Brit & Alex ( with twin sister Alex ) , until their breakup in 2009 . Matisse is currently signed to Jive Records . On October 7 , 2011 labels such as J Records and Arista were sold to Sony 's Flagship Label and all artists such as P!nk and Avril Lavigne were merged to sign to RCA Records and other affiliated Sony Music Labels . Matisse was merged to sign to RCA as of 2011 ; she is currently with Interscope , but no longer with the now-defunct Jive Records .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "058841511de266ec0e52355ff28362d2", "text": "Never Again (The X-Files) `` Never Again '' is the thirteenth episode of the fourth season of the American science fiction television series The X-Files . It was written by producers Glen Morgan and James Wong , and directed by Rob Bowman . The episode aired in the United States on February 2 , 1997 on the Fox network and in the United Kingdom on BBC One on December 3 , 1997 . The episode is a `` Monster-of-the-Week '' story , a stand-alone plot which is unconnected to the series ' wider mythology . The episode received a Nielsen rating of 13 and was viewed by 21.36 million viewers . It received mostly positive reviews from television critics . The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder ( David Duchovny ) and Dana Scully ( Gillian Anderson ) who work on cases linked to the paranormal , called X-Files . Mulder is a believer in the paranormal , while the skeptical Scully has been assigned to debunk his work . In this episode , Scully leaves town -- and Mulder -- for a solo assignment . She soon meets Ed Jerse , a man who is being mentally controlled by a drug-related side effect of his tattoo . His tattoo , affectionately named Betty , does not want to share him , especially not with Scully . Although `` Never Again '' was directed by Bowman , it was originally scheduled to be directed by noted movie director Quentin Tarantino . Tarantino was unable to direct the entry due to a dispute with the Directors Guild of America . Gillian Anderson was particularly pleased with the episode showing a different side of Scully ; she had specifically asked Morgan and Wong to write an episode that explored Scully 's dark side . Several cast members from Morgan and Wong 's series Space : Above and Beyond were cast in the episode .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5000e8b46f349091518571db5fc6704", "text": "Courtney Love Courtney Michelle Love ( born Courtney Michelle Harrison ; born July 9 , 1964 ) is an American singer , actress , writer , and visual artist . Prolific in the punk and grunge scenes of the 1990s , Love has enjoyed a career that spans four decades . She rose to prominence as the frontwoman of the alternative rock band Hole , which she formed in 1989 . Love has drawn public attention for her uninhibited live performances and confrontational lyrics , as well as her highly publicized personal life following her marriage to Kurt Cobain . The daughter of Hank Harrison and psychotherapist Linda Carroll , Love had an itinerant early life . She spent her formative years in San Francisco and Portland , Oregon , where she was in a series of short-lived bands before being cast in two films by British director Alex Cox . After forming Hole in 1989 , she received substantial attention from underground rock press for the group 's debut album , produced by Kim Gordon . Hole 's second release , Live Through This ( 1994 ) , gave her high-profile renown with critical accolades and multi-platinum sales . In 1995 , Love returned to acting , earning a Golden Globe Award nomination for her performance as Althea Leasure in Miloš Forman 's The People vs. Larry Flynt ( 1996 ) , which established her as a mainstream actress . The following year , she saw further mainstream success with the release of Hole 's third album , Celebrity Skin ( 1998 ) , which was nominated for multiple Grammy Awards . Love continued to work as an actress into the early 2000s , appearing in big-budget pictures such as Man on the Moon ( 1999 ) and Trapped ( 2002 ) , before releasing her first solo album , America 's Sweetheart , in 2004 . The next few years were marked by publicity surrounding Love 's legal troubles and drug addiction , which resulted in a mandatory lockdown rehabilitation sentence in 2005 while she was in the process of writing a second planned solo album . That project became Nobody 's Daughter , which was released in 2010 as a Hole album but without any other members of the original lineup . Between 2014 and 2015 , she released two solo singles and returned to acting in the network series Sons of Anarchy and Empire . Love has also had endeavors in writing , co-creating and co-authoring three volumes of a manga , Princess Ai , between 2004 and 2006 , as well as a memoir , Dirty Blonde : The Diaries of Courtney Love ( 2006 ) . In 2012 , she premiered an exhibit of mixed media visual art titled And She 's Not Even Pretty .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "af3b4147ba9df4e5ba171c97c467df0c", "text": "Inconceivable (2008 film) Inconceivable is a 2008 satirical drama about the test-tube baby industry . The film was written and directed by Mary McGuckian .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e3681aa0087f5f31ff278df7d902e41a", "text": "Glee Live! In Concert! Glee Live ! In Concert ! is a concert tour performed in character by members of the cast of the popular television series , Glee . The tour , created by series creator Ryan Murphy was designed due to the overwhelming response to the series . The show reached North America , the United Kingdom and Ireland . Murphy states the series ' soundtrack and concerts were an additional revenue stream for the series . The tour received great responses from both music critics and fans of the series . The first North American leg of the tour in 2010 was seen by over 70,000 spectators , generating over five million dollars in ticket sales and ranking ninth on the Billboard Hot Tours list . The 2011 tour was seen by an audience of over 485,000 and placed sixteenth on Billboard annual Top 25 Tours list , earning over $ 40 million from 40 shows .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b1576092a8605636de72c560dbdd1e0a", "text": "Murphy's Law (film) Murphy 's Law is an American 1986 thriller film directed by J. Lee Thompson from a screenplay by Gail Morgan Hickman . It was released by Cannon Films to the United States on April 18 , 1986 . The film stars Charles Bronson and Kathleen Wilhoite in lead roles with a supporting cast that includes Carrie Snodgress , Robert F. Lyons , and Richard Romanus . The movie marks the sixth collaboration between Bronson and director J. Lee Thompson ( following 1976 's St. Ives , 1977 's The White Buffalo , 1980 's Caboblanco , 1983 's 10 to Midnight , and 1984 's The Evil That Men Do ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eba0886583f27c9878f64dd7c3112252", "text": "44th Primetime Emmy Awards The 44th Primetime Emmy Awards were held on Sunday , August 30 , 1992 . The ceremony was broadcast on Fox from the Pasadena Civic Auditorium in Pasadena , California . It was hosted by Tim Allen , Kirstie Alley and Dennis Miller , and directed by Walter C. Miller . Presenters included Roseanne Barr , Tom Arnold , Scott Bakula , Candice Bergen , Corbin Bernsen , Beau Bridges , Lloyd Bridges , and Cindy Crawford . The program was written by Buddy Sheffield and Bruce Vilanch . Over 300 million people watched the ceremony in 30 countries . A rule change , instituted for this year only , stated that regular and guest performers would compete in the same category . There could be lead guest or supporting guest . On the comedy side , Murphy Brown won Outstanding Comedy Series for the second time , winning three major awards on the night , the most for a comedy series . On the drama side , L.A. Laws strangle hold on Outstanding Drama Series came to an end , as Northern Exposure took home the award . Northern Exposure also won three major awards and received nine major nominations , which tied for the most in each category . For the first time in its run , The Golden Girls , then in its seventh and final season , was not nominated for Outstanding Comedy Series . After being on the air for thirty years , The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson finally heard its name called when its final season won for Outstanding Variety , Music , or Comedy Program . The show was first nominated for the category in 1964 and was 0/13 before this ceremony .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "acc08ebc0346151d5e884e0701f53693", "text": "Brittany Shane Brittany Shane is an American singer-songwriter and musician based in Austin , Texas . The Wisconsin-born and raised songstress blends rock and pop with poetry . She got her start performing at The Fillmore in San Francisco , California in 2000 , playing acoustic in the Poster Room before acts such as The Wallflowers , Aimee Mann , Chris Isaak and Liz Phair graced the mainstage . After the release of her album , Have Heart Live Young ( 2010 ) , she opened for Heart , Foreigner and Peter Frampton as well as headlining her own local shows around the Bay Area . Her first San Francisco released CD , Decked Out ( 2005 ) , was selected by Aidin Vaziri , of the San Francisco Chronicle , as one of his top local CDs of 2005 . Her first two recordings , Out of the Everywhere ( 1999 ) and Moravian Star ( 2000 ) were released under her maiden name Brittany Safranek ( Shane is her middle name ) while attending the University of Wisconsin -- Madison . Shane released her new CD Have Heart Live Young on her own ` Painted Lady Records ' in September 2010 . Shane has worked with top-notch music makers , including Grammy-nominated mix engineer , Joe Chiccarelli and producer Zack Smith ( who founded the 1980s band Scandal ) . Her music suggests Brit cult group The Sundays , The Bangles , Beth Orton or Mazzy Star . Several of the songs on Decked Out and Have Heart Live Young provide much of the score to the multi-award winning indie film , The Village Barbershop , starring John Ratzenberger ( Cliff Clavin from Cheers ) and Shelly Cole . The film , called `` warm , humorous and ingratiating '' by Variety , was released nationally in cinemas in March 2009 by -LSB- Monterey Media -RSB- . Shane 's songs TV placements include : A national Hyundai commercial ( 2008 ) , Bad Girls Club ( Oxygen Channel ) ( 2008 ) , Living Lohan ( Oxygen Channel ) ( 2008 ) and Parking Wars ( A&E ) ( 2009 ) , Daytripper ( PBS ) ( 2013 ) , After Happily Ever After ( PBS ) ( 2013 ) , Rizzoli & Isles ( TNT ) ( 2014 ) . She was a KFOG Radio Spotlight Artist in the fall of 2008 and the San Francisco Chronicle '' 's Fresh Artist in May 2008 . Shane promoted her album Have Heart Live Young on her first US Tour from November 2009-August 2010 with 80 dates across the U.S. Aidin Vaziri featured her tour as a main music article in the Pink Pages of the San Francisco Chronicle . She released her fifth album , Loud Nights On A Short String '' ( 2012 ) which was produced by Austin music greats Scrappy Jud Newcomb and George Reiff , who also played guitar and bass on the CD , along with Dony Wynn playing drums and Johnny Goudie on keyboards . Her new album is currently in rotation on radio KOOP .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7f4bcfa89c0f161bcb54eb662d718983", "text": "List of awards and nominations received by Murphy Brown Murphy Brown is an American television sitcom created by Diane English and produced by Shukovsky English Entertainment and Warner Bros. . Television . The series revolves around the titualar character ( Candice Bergen ) , a famous investigative journalist and news anchor for FYI , a fictional CBS television news series . Murphy Brown aired on CBS from November 14 , 1988 to May 18 , 1998 , broadcasting 247 episodes over ten seasons during its initial run . During the series ' run , Murphy Brown received nominations for a variety of industry awards , including 62 Emmy awards ( with 18 wins ) , 15 Golden Globe awards ( with three wins ) , three Screen Actors Guild awards , 4 TCA awards ( with two wins ) , 5 Directors Guild of America awards ( with two wins ) and 4 Writers Guild of America awards ( with two wins ) . Candice Bergen , for her portrayal of Murphy Brown , received the most individual awards and nominations , winning 5 Emmy Awards and a Golden Globe award . Several other actors and crew members in the series received many awards and nominations , including Faith Ford , Grant Shaud , Jay Thomas , Barnet Kellman and Tucker Wiard .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "98118eaac7d2afa9baf20e2b6eca4a84", "text": "Brittany Spears Brittany or Britney Spears may refer to : Britney Spears ( born 1981 ) , an American singer and actress Brittany Spears ( basketball ) ( born 1988 ) , American basketball player Brittany Spears : Unbreakable by The Pleasers", "title": "" }, { "docid": "238c2bbb8009b622f4066a20cb62af7c", "text": "Annals of Improbable Research The Annals of Improbable Research ( AIR ) is a bi-monthly magazine devoted to scientific humor , in the form of a satirical take on the standard academic journal . AIR , published six times a year since 1995 , usually showcases at least one piece of scientific research being done on a strange or unexpected topic , but most of their articles concern real or fictional absurd experiments , such as a comparison of apples and oranges using infrared spectroscopy . Other features include such things as ratings of the cafeterias at scientific institutes , fake classifieds and advertisements for a medical plan called HMO-NO , and a very odd letters page . The magazine is headquartered in Cambridge , Massachusetts . Occasional AIR articles are factual and illuminating , if a bit offbeat . For example , in 2003 researcher-documentary producer Nick T. Spark wrote about the background and history of Murphy 's Law in a four-part article , `` Why Everything You know About Murphy 's Law is Wrong '' . It was revised , expanded and later published in June 2006 as the book A History of Murphy 's Law . Another example : it was scientifically proved and waggishly reported that instruments can distinguish shit from Shinola . AIR awards the annual science Ig Nobel Prizes , for ten achievements that `` first make people laugh , and then make them think '' . AIR also runs the Luxuriant Flowing Hair Club for Scientists .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "22b79632f434c75e4c972682697fd2e6", "text": "Abi Morgan Abi Morgan ( born 1968 ) is a British playwright and screenwriter known for her works for television , such as Sex Traffic and The Hour , and the films Brick Lane , The Iron Lady , Shame and Suffragette '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f01b199ae040e953d0947e197044bd5e", "text": "Kerry Film Festival The Kerry Film Festival is an annual music film festival in County Kerry , Republic of Ireland , taking place in October . The Kerry Film Festival is funded by Kerry County Council , Fáilte Ireland , the Ireland Funds as well as having corporate sponsorship . Kerry Film Festival was established in 2000 but remained a small regional festival throughout its first years , with a mere 1,700 attendees at the 2006 festival . Then , in 2007 , the festival exploded becoming the fastest growing festival in all of Ireland , with audiences increasing by nearly 600 % from 2006 to 2011 when its audience topped 10,000 for the first time . The main feature of the festival is a short film competition which focuses on young filmmakers . Past adjudicators of the Kerry Film Festival Short Film Competition have included Jeremy Irons , Liam Neeson , Michael Fassbender and Gabriel Byrne . The festival also screens feature films . In 2008 Kerry Film Festival instigated the Maureen O'Hara Award for women that have excelled in film and Brenda Fricker was the inaugural recipient . The award was presented to her by Jim Sheridan , who directed her in the Oscar-winning My Left Foot ( 1989 ) . In 2009 the award was presented to Rebecca Miller who was in Kerry to pick up the award with her husband , Daniel Day-Lewis at a ceremony with Dave Fanning as MC . In 2010 Maureen O'Hara attended the festival and presented the award in person to Juliette Binoche Fionnula Flanagan picked up the award in 2011 while Saoirse Ronan won the award in 2012 . KFF has previously featured successful short films such as the Oscar short-listed animation Head over Heels in 2012 , the 2014 Oscar winner Mr. Hublot and in 2015 the highly acclaimed Academy Award winner S t u t t e r e r by Ben Cleary .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "70afa53285a6cd9c72ee1574369e2759", "text": "Murphy (novel) Murphy , first published in 1938 , is an avant-garde novel as well as the third work of prose fiction by the Irish author and dramatist Samuel Beckett . The book was Beckett 's second published prose work after the short-story collection More Pricks than Kicks ( published in 1934 ) and his unpublished first novel Dream of Fair to Middling Women ( published posthumously in 1992 ) . It was written in English , rather than the French of much of Beckett 's later writing . After many rejections , it was published by Routledge on the recommendation of Beckett 's painter friend Jack Butler Yeats .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "872857a50ab17818d3c301ad69c09af4", "text": "Brittany Johnston Brittany Johnston ( born January 6 , 1986 ) is an American female professional golfer currently playing on the Futures Tour .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "68eda399872bab7e2004aa3a41232e9f", "text": "Debby Ryan Deborah Ann Ryan ( born May 13 , 1993 ) is an American actress and singer . Ryan started acting in professional theatres at the age of seven ; in 2007 she appeared in the Barney & Friends straight-to-DVD film Barney : Let 's Go to the Firehouse and then was discovered in a nationwide search by Disney . She is also known for appearing in the 2008 feature film The Longshots as Edith . In 2009 , she guest starred in an episode of Wizards of Waverly Place in `` Wizards on Deck with Hannah Montana '' as Bailey Pickett along with her other cast mates from The Suite Life on Deck . Then , in 2010 , she starred in the film 16 Wishes , which was the most watched cable program on the day of its premiere on the Disney Channel . 16 Wishes introduced Ryan to new audiences ; the movie received high viewership in the adults demographic ( 18 -- 34 ) . Soon after that , Ryan starred in the independent theatrical film , What If ... , which premiered on August 20 , 2010 . Ryan also starred in the 2012 Disney Channel Original Movie Radio Rebel , where she portrays Tara Adams , a shy 17-year-old girl who adopts the radio personality Radio Rebel . Ryan directed an episode of her TV show , Jessie , that aired on May 15 , 2015 . In 2013 , she formed the band The Never Ending . Beginning in July 2015 , Ryan will perform with The Never Ending as an opening act on Fifth Harmony 's Reflection Tour .", "title": "" } ]	fever
8f56edcabc2ba340439ef2f966fdf569	Suleiman the Magnificent was alive during the 2016 presidential election.	[ { "docid": "43e24d616de572770a067ba59a9a6826", "text": "Suleiman the Magnificent Suleiman I ( سلطان سليمان اول Modern I. Süleyman , Kanunî Sultan Süleyman or Muhteşem Süleyman 6 November 1494 -- 6 September 1566 ) , commonly known as Suleiman the Magnificent in the West and `` Kanuni '' ( the Lawgiver ) in his realm , was the tenth and longest-reigning sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1520 to his death in 1566 . Under his administration , the Ottoman state ruled over 15 to 25 million people . Suleiman became a prominent monarch of 16th-century Europe , presiding over the apex of the Ottoman Empire 's economic , military and political power . Suleiman personally led Ottoman armies in conquering the Christian strongholds of Belgrade and Rhodes as well as most of Hungary before his conquests were checked at the Siege of Vienna in 1529 . He annexed much of the Middle East in his conflict with the Safavids and large areas of North Africa as far west as Algeria . Under his rule , the Ottoman fleet dominated the seas from the Mediterranean to the Red Sea and through the Persian Gulf . At the helm of an expanding empire , Suleiman personally instituted major legislative changes relating to society , education , taxation and criminal law . His reforms , carried out in conjunction with the empire 's chief judicial official Ebussuud Efendi , harmonized the relationship between the two forms of Ottoman law ; sultanic ( Kanun ) and religious ( Sharia ) . He was a distinguished poet and goldsmith ; he also became a great patron of culture , overseeing the `` Golden '' age of the Ottoman Empire in its artistic , literary and architectural development . Breaking with Ottoman tradition , Suleiman married Hürrem Sultan , a woman from his harem , a Christian of Rusyn origin who converted to Islam , and who became famous in the West by the name Roxelana . Their son Selim II succeeded Suleiman following his death in 1566 after 46 years of rule . Suleiman 's other potential heirs Mehmed and Mustafa had died , the former from smallpox and the latter had been strangled to death 13 years earlier at the sultan 's order . His other son Bayezid was executed in 1561 on Suleiman 's orders , along with his four sons , after a rebellion . Although scholars no longer believe that the empire declined after his death , the end of Suleiman 's reign is still frequently characterized as a watershed in Ottoman history . In the decades after Suleiman , the empire began to experience significant political , institutional , and economic changes , a phenomenon often referred to as the Transformation of the Ottoman Empire .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "57de209b6b3008f25612e59886a97c12", "text": "Ma'ruf Amin Ma ` ruf Amin is an Indonesian Islamic scholar , the current and seventh leader of the Indonesian Ulema Council as well as the current and tenth chairman of the advisory council of Nahdlatul Ulama , the world 's largest Islamic organization . Amin was embroiled in part of the controversy surrounding the contentious Jakarta gubernatorial election , 2017 . Jakarta governor Basuki Tjahaja Purnama , the target of the November 2016 Jakarta protests , alleged that Amin had taken sides in the election due to a phone call with former President of Indonesia Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono , whose son Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono was running against Purnama in the election . Purnama later apologized to Amin via social media for any implication that Amin had been influenced by political pressure . Amin accepted Purnama 's apology , stating that the matter was resolved . Despite Amin 's forgiveness , an organization known as Indonesian Young Entrepreneurs reported Purnama to the criminal investigation unit of the Indonesian National Police for allegedly having harassed Amin and wiretapped his phone conversations with former President Yudhoyono , despite previous denials by Purnama 's legal team of the latter act .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7f1c32e6ec70ac8f16a8305c9ad8da0b", "text": "Second International Islamic Unity Conference From August 2 through the 4th , 1996 , some 7,000 attendees and over 125 speakers from around the globe attended a three-day marathon of lectures , parallel workshop sessions , prayer , praise of Muhammad and Islamic social interaction . Officially known as the International Islamic Unity Conference , it started off with a press session on Friday morning and ended with a parade through downtown Los Angeles on Sunday evening . Attendees praised the organizers for an excellent , though intense schedule of speeches by muftis , Islamic scholars , international political leaders , American political figures and an array of interfaith events . Chaired by Shaykh Muhammad Hisham Kabbani , the conference was sponsored by As-Sunnah Foundation of America , the Naqshbandi Haqqani Sufi Order and by a number of other charitable and religious organizations . Many felt the conference organization was exemplary , the facilities at the Los Angeles ' Westin Bonaventure Hotel excellent and the wide variety of cultural food and Islamic entertainment very apropos for such an international event . The many San Francisco Bay Area attendees were happy to find a number of prominent local Islamic activists featured , as well as those from national ISNA , IQRA , MPAC and other national Islamic organizations well represented . The spirit of unity was especially apparent at the `` Peace in the Streets '' session , where about 20 former gang leaders , along with the popular rap star MC Hammer , took shahada with Shaykh Nazim al-Qubrusi , Grand-mufti of Cyprus and worldwide leader of the Naqshbandi Haqqani Sufi Order . Attendees were treated to sessions on politics , importance of schools of thought , purification of the heart , establishing Islamic economic power , educational curriculum initiative and many other subjects , discussed from the main podium as well as in intimate workshops where speakers and attendees were able to express their views . A major event occurred on Saturday night , with the launching of the International Day of the Orphan , which is expected , given the sponsorship of California 's Assembly , and endorsement by a number of international organizations , to become a globally sponsored day for recalling the plight of orphans and children in difficulty .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "85ba86fb507c93a7fda2a7a9c7e31c3f", "text": "Somali presidential election, 2017 The 2017 Somali presidential election was held in Somalia on 8 February . Parliamentarians elected in the autumn-2016 parliamentary election elected former Prime Minister Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed to the post of President of Somalia for a four-year term . The presidential election was to be held in August 2016 and promised to be a one-person , one-vote national poll , but had been postponed several times and shifted to an electoral college system due to security concerns . On 26 January 2017 , the election was set for 8 February , with candidates required to register by 29 January . `` Somalia sets presidential election for Feb. 8 '' , AFP via New Vision , 26 January 2017 . The election was held in an airport hangar at Aden Adde International Airport , Mogadishu . Mohamed was declared president in a peaceful transition of power after incumbent President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud conceded defeat and congratulated the victor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e69b5ea9b81d1e743303a30cac324433", "text": "İncili Çavuş İncili ÇavuşÇavuş means : 1 . a title given to the officials who engaged in various services provided of in the organizations of the Ottoman State , 2 . a rank of officers who were responsible for transmitting down orders of senior commanders subordinate commanders in the Ottoman Army . çavuş in BSTS / Tarih Terimleri Sözlüğü , 1974 . or Mustafa Çavuş was a figure of comic wisdom during the Ottoman era . He may possibly have been a real person . His birth date is not known . There are several theories about his birthplace . According to Kayseri Ansiklopedisi , he was born in the village of Tırafşın , now called İncili of Tomarza District in Kayseri Province . His fıkras ( jokes ) were collected by Süleyman Tevfik ( Zorluoğlu ) at the first time in the early Republican period , 1923 . According to Abdülbaki Gökpınarlı , Çavuş 's treatise , that had been addressed to Sheikh ul-Islam at the time and written in both Arabic and Turkish languages , was found in Kayseri in 1933-1934 . In two small treatises in a volume , it was mentioned that the name of Muhammad were passed in the Bible ( Turkish : İncil ) . In this way , they gave him the nickname '' İncili '' . As to another tale , Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent ( reigned 1520 -- 1566 ) was very pleased with Mustafa 's showing extraordinary proficiency in an archery contest that was participated by his princes , and said to Mustafa , `` I 'm giving you the rank of a Çavuş ( a high rank in the palace ) . And to be able to distinguish you from other çavuşes and to show your superiority over others , I 'm attaching a pearl to your turban . '' After this affair , his name Mustafa was forgotten and he began to be called '' İncili '' . According to Mustafa Enhoş , he was referred in the History of Naima as a sergeant of the Dergâhı Âlî in 1615 . According to Sennur Sezer and Adnan Özyalçıner , he was one of Musahibs of Sultan Ahmed I ( reignrd 1603 -- 1617 ) and was sent to Safavid Persia as part of the Ottoman delegation ( elçi ) . According to Kayseri Ansiklopedisi , some sources recorded that he accompanied İbrahim Çavuş , who was sent to Iran as ambassador , as `` selam çavuşu '' in 1626 . According to Cemil Asena 's book Diyarbekir Tarihi ve Meşâhiri , he died in 1632-33 . However , sources were unclear on the exact date .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c58616b1d325ad8753c547009239633b", "text": "Dominican Republic general election, 2016 General elections were held in Dominican Republic on 15 May 2016 to elect a president , vice-president and the National Congress , as well as 20 deputies to the Central American Parliament , municipal councils , mayors and vice mayors . On 15 May 2015 Roberto Rosario , president of the Central Electoral Board , said that there would be about 4,300 seats up for election in the `` most complex elections in history '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a60a4ffc6153d0e73cc6166a7f970eed", "text": "Royal house of Sulu The Royal House of Sulu is an Islamic royal house which ruled the Sulu Sultanate ( now part of Indonesia , Malaysia and the Philippines ) . In 1962 , Philippine Government under the leadership of President Diosdado Macapagal officially recognised the continued existence of the Royal Sultanate of Sulu . On 24 May 1974 Sultan Mohammad Mahakuttah Kiram , under Memo Order 427 , which was issued by Philippines President Ferdinand Marcos . Memo Order 427 states that `` The Government has always recognised the Sultanate of Sulu as the legitimate claimant to the historical territories of the Republic of Philippines '' . The Memo Order 427 states that Mahakuttah A. Kiram ( reigned 1974 -- 1986 ) is officially the recognised Sultan of Sulu . Sultan Mahakuttah A. Kiram eldest son Datu Muedzul Lail Tan Kiram was officially crowned Raja Muda ( Crown Prince , heir to the Throne ) of the Sultanate of Sulu . He was crowned Raja Muda ( Crown Prince ) on the same day His Majesty 's father Mahakuttah A. Kiram was officially crowned Sultan of Sulu . Muedzul Lail Tan Kiram became the Head of the Royal House of Sulu on 16 February 1986 . As the eldest son of the former Sultan , he is the legitimate heir claimant to the throne of the Sultanate of Sulu . The current ruling lineage is the Royal House of Kiram . The Royal House of Kiram descends from Sultan Jamalul Kiram I , who was the Sultan of Sulu from 1823 -- 1844 . Members of the royal house of Sulu hold the style of His/Her Royal Highness ( HRH ) . The adopted members ( their spouses and their children ) of the Royal House of Sulu hold the style of His/Her Highness ( HH ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "53c2e445af384baa6345feb74bda367f", "text": "Humayun Khan (soldier) Humayun Saqib Muazzam Khan ( September 9 , 1976June 8 , 2004 ) was an American soldier . Born in the United Arab Emirates to Pakistani parents , he moved to the U.S. with his family as a young boy . He attended the University of Virginia , where he was a member of the Army Reserve Officers ' Training Corps . Upon graduating in 2000 , Khan was commissioned an officer in the United States Army and was deployed as a captain to Iraq during the Iraq War . In 2004 he was killed in a suicide attack near Baqubah , Iraq , and was posthumously awarded a Purple Heart and Bronze Star . Khan 's name came to national attention during the 2016 presidential campaign as an example of Muslim Americans serving in the military . At the 2016 Democratic National Convention , his father Khizr Khan , standing at the podium with his wife ( and Humayun 's mother ) Ghazala , delivered a speech condemning U.S. presidential candidate Donald Trump 's statements on Muslims .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b6e6639cfbdfb64a7008b94a237cff84", "text": "Politics of Lebanon Lebanon is a parliamentary democratic republic within the overall framework of confessionalism , a form of consociationalism in which the highest offices are proportionately reserved for representatives from certain religious communities . The constitution grants the people the right to change their government . However , from the mid-1970s until the parliamentary elections in 1992 , civil war precluded the exercise of political rights . According to the constitution , direct elections must be held for the parliament every 4 years . The last parliamentary election was in 2009 . The Parliament , in turn , elects a President every 6 years to a single term . The President is not eligible for re-election . The last presidential election was in 2016 . The president and parliament choose the Prime Minister . Political parties may be formed ; most are based on sectarian interests . 2008 saw a new twist to Lebanese politics when the Doha Agreement set a new trend where the opposition is allowed a veto power in the Lebanese Council of Ministers and confirmed religious Confessionalism in the distribution of political power .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "86f7c1fcc74227f4898c3abfa7287617", "text": "Turkish presidential election, 2019 The Turkish presidential election of 2019 is scheduled to be held on 3 November 2019 , along with parliamentary elections on the same day . Following the approval of constitutional changes in a controversial referandum held in 2017 , the elected President will be both the head of state and head of government of Turkey , taking over the latter role from the to-be-abolished office of the Prime Minister . Incumbent president Recep Tayyip Erdoğan is widely expected to be the Justice and Development Party ( AKP ) candidate . Besides Erdoğan , former Nationalist Movement Party ( MHP ) Member of Parliament Sinan Oğan has declared his intention to run .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1b53333990f2a7778bd985ada5e10b30", "text": "United States presidential election, 2016 The United States presidential election of 2016 was the 58th quadrennial American presidential election , held on Tuesday , November 8 , 2016 . The Republican ticket of businessman Donald Trump and Indiana Governor Mike Pence defeated the Democratic ticket of former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and U.S. Senator from Virginia Tim Kaine . Trump took office as the 45th President , and Pence as the 48th Vice President , on January 20 , 2017 . Concurrent with the presidential election , Senate , House , and many gubernatorial and state and local elections were also held on November 8 . Voters selected members of the Electoral College in each state , in most cases by `` winner-takes-all '' plurality ; those state electors in turn voted for a new president and vice president on December 19 , 2016 . While Clinton received about million more votes nationwide , a margin of % , Trump won 30 states worth a total of 306 electors , or 57 % of the 538 available . He won the perennial swing states of Florida , North Carolina , Ohio , and Iowa , as well as Clinton 's `` blue wall '' states of Michigan , Pennsylvania and Wisconsin , which had been Democratic strongholds in presidential elections for decades . Leading up to the election , a Trump victory was considered unlikely by almost all media forecasts . In the Electoral College vote on December 19 , seven electors voted against their pledged candidates : two against Trump and five against Clinton . A further three electors attempted to vote against Clinton but were replaced or forced to vote again . Ultimately , Trump received 304 electoral votes and Clinton garnered 227 , while Colin Powell won three , and John Kasich , Ron Paul , Bernie Sanders , and Faith Spotted Eagle each received one . Trump is the fifth person in U.S. history to become president while losing the nationwide popular vote . He is the first president without any prior experience in public service or the military , as well as the wealthiest and the oldest at inauguration , while Clinton was the first woman to be the presidential nominee of a major party and the first woman to win the popular vote . This was the first time since the 1984 re-election of Ronald Reagan that Wisconsin voted for a Republican , and the first time since 1988 that the Republican nominee won the states of Pennsylvania and Michigan , as well as Maine 's second congressional district . It was also the first time since the 1828 election of Andrew Jackson that an electoral vote split occurred in Maine . On January 6 , 2017 , the United States government 's intelligence agencies concluded that the Russian government interfered in the 2016 United States elections . A joint U.S. intelligence review stated with high confidence that `` Russian President Vladimir Putin ordered an influence campaign in 2016 aimed at the US presidential election . Russia 's goals were to undermine public faith in the US democratic process , denigrate Secretary Clinton , and harm her electability and potential presidency . '' Investigations about potential collusion between the Trump campaign and Russian officials were started by the FBI , the Senate Intelligence Committee and the House Intelligence Committee . Donald Trump has criticized these conclusions by citing a lack of evidence , calling it a `` hoax '' and `` fake news , '' stating in a tweet : `` The Russia-Trump collusion story is a total hoax , when will this taxpayer funded charade end ? ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "49e4cb28948e6cf7b056b03b5f150275", "text": "Suleiman Suleiman ( -LSB- langpronˈsuːləmɑːn -RSB- or -LSB- ˌsuːleɪˈmɑːn -RSB- ) is the main transliteration of the Arabic سليمان / . The name means `` man of faith '' and corresponds to the English name Solomon . The word may also be transliterated as Sulaiman , Suleman , Soliman , Sulayman , Sulaymaan , Suleyman , Süleyman , Sulejman , Sleiman , Sleman , Sliman , Slimane , Soleman , Solyman or Seleman . This disambiguation page focuses on individuals and entities with Suleiman as a predominant transliteration .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e6e8398982b011eba7029311265ffeb8", "text": "2016 Turkish coup d'état attempt On 15 July 2016 , an alleged coup d'état was attempted in Turkey against state institutions , including , but not limited to the government and President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan . The attempt was carried out by a faction within the Turkish Armed Forces that organized themselves as the Peace at Home Council . They attempted to seize control of several key places in Ankara , Istanbul , and elsewhere , but failed to do so after forces loyal to the state defeated them . The Council cited an erosion of secularism , elimination of democratic rule , disregard for human rights , and Turkey 's loss of credibility in the international arena as reasons for the coup . The government accused the coup leaders of being linked to the Gülen movement , which is designated as a terrorist organization by the Republic of Turkey and led by Fethullah Gülen , a Turkish businessman and cleric who lives in Pennsylvania . Erdoğan accuses Gülen of being behind the coup -- a claim that Gülen denies -- and accused the United States of harboring him . Gülen has suggested the coup was in fact a `` self-coup '' carried out by Erdogan to consolidate his grip on power , a belief shared among some analysts and many Turks . Events surrounding the coup attempt and the purges in its aftermath reflect a complex power struggle between Islamist elites in Turkey . During the coup , over 300 people were killed and more than 2,100 were injured . Many government buildings , including the Turkish Parliament and the Presidential Palace , were bombed from the air . Mass arrests followed , with at least 40,000 detained , including at least 10,000 soldiers and , for reasons that remain unclear , 2,745 judges . 15,000 education staff were also suspended and the licenses of 21,000 teachers working at private institutions were revoked as well after the government alleged they were loyal to Gülen . More than 100,000 people have been arrested or fired from their jobs , on accusations of connections to Gülen . Reactions to the event were largely against the coup attempt , both domestically and internationally . The main opposition parties in Turkey condemned the attempt , while several international leaders -- such as those from the United States , NATO , the European Union , and other neighboring countries -- called for `` respect of the democratic institutions in Turkey and its elected officials . '' International organizations expressed themselves against the coup as well . The United Nations Security Council , however , did not denounce the coup after disagreements over the phrasing of a statement . President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan accused the head of United States Central Command , chief General Joseph Votel of `` siding with coup plotters '' , after Votel accused the Turkish government of arresting the Pentagon 's contacts in Turkey . In March 2017 , Germany 's intelligence chief said Germany was unconvinced by Erdoğan 's claim that Fethullah Gulen was behind the failed coup . Also in March , the British Parliament 's Foreign Affairs Committee said some Gulenists were involved in coup d'état attempt but found no hard evidence that Fethullah Gülen masterminded the failed coup and found no evidence to justify the UK designating the Gülen movement as a `` terrorist organization '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab6d3b0f6040de98d17ad30d1c1c80b3", "text": "Suleiman I Suleiman I may refer to : Suleiman the Magnificent ( 1494 -- 1566 ) , 10th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire Suleiman I of Persia ( 1648 -- 1694 ) , 8th Shah of the Safavid Empire", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1abc3137d140c349d91224000f971c11", "text": "Faithless electors in the United States presidential election, 2016 In the 2016 United States presidential election , seven members of the U.S. Electoral College voted for a different candidate than whom they were pledged to vote . The Democratic Party nominee , Hillary Clinton , lost five of her pledged electors while the Republican Party nominee and then president-elect , Donald Trump , lost two . Three of the faithless electors voted for Colin Powell while John Kasich , Ron Paul , Bernie Sanders , and Faith Spotted Eagle each received one vote . Three additional electors initially voted against their Clinton pledge but had their votes invalidated according to local statutes , so they were replaced or forced to vote again . The defections fell well short of the number needed to change the result of the election ; only two of the seven defected from the presumptive winner , when 37 were needed to change the outcome . Although there had been a combined total of 157 instances of individual electors voting faithlessly in over two centuries of previous US presidential elections , 2016 was a year in which multiple groups of electors worked to alter the result of the election in order to `` vote their conscience for the good of America '' in accordance with Alexander Hamilton 's Federalist Paper No. 68 . 2016 was also the first year since 1960 when one of the electors actively worked to change the election . Electors were subjected to public pressure , up to and including death threats . Seven electors successfully cast faithless ballots for president , the most to defect from presidential candidates who were still alive in Electoral College history , surpassing the six electors who defected from James Madison in the 1808 election . Historically , this number of defections has been exceeded only in cases where the presidential candidate was no longer living at the time the electors cast their ballots : the seven faithless presidential votes in 2016 falls well short of the record set in 1872 , when 63 of 66 electors originally pledged to losing candidate Horace Greeley cast their votes for someone else ( Greeley had died between election day and the meeting of the Electoral College ) . The six faithless vice-presidential votes in 2016 is also short of the record for that office , without considering whether the vice-presidential candidates were still living , as multiple previous elections have had more than six faithless vice-presidential votes ; in 1836 , faithless electors successfully moved the vice-presidential decision to the U.S. Senate .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "94f71a3347f5c11f746f51ce8987506c", "text": "President of Iceland The President of Iceland ( Forseti Íslands ) is Iceland 's elected head of state . The incumbent is Guðni Thorlacius Jóhannesson , who is now in his first term as president , elected in 2016 . The president is elected to a four-year term by popular vote , is not term-limited , and has limited powers . The presidential residence is situated in Bessastaðir in Garðabær , near the capital city Reykjavík .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "27b673d7b5ff2aaf96e43134101bc430", "text": "Kazakhstani presidential election, 2015 Early presidential elections were held in Kazakhstan on 26 April 2015 , having been originally scheduled for 2016 . The result was a victory for long-term incumbent President Nursultan Nazarbayev of Nur Otan , who received 97.7 % of the vote , winning a fifth term in office .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b7edcc9127b13aa2242d8c9184d2a42a", "text": "Turks and Caicos Islands general election, 2016 General elections were held in Turks and Caicos Islands on 15 December 2016 . The result was a victory for the People 's Democratic Movement ( PDM ) , with Sharlene Cartwright-Robinson becoming the islands ' first female Premier . Following the election outgoing Prime Minister Rufus Ewing resigned as Progressive National Party ( PNP ) leader and quit politics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b3e2b5cc5337bd41556da2ef1f53b7a8", "text": "Trump Home Trump Home is a brand of furniture and home items marketed by American businessman and now President of the United States Donald Trump and owned by Trump 's company , The Trump Organization . Trump Home was launched in July 2007 , with two furniture lines manufactured by Lexington Home Brands . A third furniture line was made available in 2008 , at which point the brand was available in more than 18 international territories . A year later , the company partnered with Serta to produce mattresses under the Trump Home name . A line of Trump-branded tabletop crystal , manufactured by a Slovenian company , was launched in 2010 . Trump Home has also sold light fixtures , rugs , bath and bedding collections , and a candle and fragrance diffuser collection . In 2011 , Lexington chose not to renew its licensing agreement with Trump Home . Two years later , Trump Home entered a partnership with furniture company Dorya International to manufacture Trump-branded furniture . Serta ended its affiliation with Trump Home after Donald Trump described Mexican immigrants as `` rapists '' while announcing his 2016 presidential campaign . Lifestyle , a Dubai-based retailer of Trump Home products , also ended their affiliation with the company in 2015 , after Trump announced his plan to ban all Muslims from entering the United States . Other retailers have discontinued sales of Trump Home products since Trump was elected in November 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "79de82fa8ecf8f450e47ba1dcd9ce290", "text": "Binali Yıldırım Binali Yıldırım ( -LSB- binaːˌli jɯldɯˈɾɯm -RSB- ; born 20 December 1955 ) is a Turkish politician who is the 27th and current Prime Minister of Turkey and the leader of the Justice and Development Party ( AKP ) since May 2016 . He previously served as the Minister of Transport , Maritime and Communication almost continuously from 2002 to 2013 and again between 2015 and 2016 . Between 2014 and 2015 , he served as Senior Advisor to Recep Tayyip Erdoğan . Yıldırım served as the chairman of the board of Directors of İstanbul Fast Ferries Company ( İDO ) from 1994 to 2000 before being elected as an AKP Member of Parliament for İstanbul 's first electoral district during the 2002 general election . He was appointed as Minister of Transport by Prime Minister Abdullah Gül and continued in office after Erdoğan became Prime Minister in 2003 . As Transport Minister , he presided over numerous projects such as Marmaray , high-speed rail lines and an expansion in the country 's airport and road facilities , though received heavy criticism and calls for his resignation following the Pamukova train derailment in 2004 . In 2011 , the portfolios of Maritime and Communications were merged with the Ministry of Transport , with Yıldırım becoming the Minister of Transport , Maritime and Communication . Leaving office in a cabinet reshuffle in 2013 , Yıldırım ran as the AKP candidate for Mayor of İzmir in the 2014 local elections but lost to the incumbent Republican People 's Party ( CHP ) candidate Aziz Kocaoğlu . He was appointed as special advisor to Erdoğan in June 2014 and left Parliament in the June 2015 general election due to the AKP 's three-term rule for its sitting MPs . He was re-appointed as Transport Minister by Prime Minister Ahmet Davutoğlu after being re-elected to Parliament in the November 2015 general election . Following Davutoğlu 's resignation as party leader due to a breakdown in relations with President Erdoğan on 5 May 2016 , Yıldırım was announced as the AKP 's next leader by the party Central Executive Committee on 19 May and was elected unopposed during the party 's 2nd Extraordinary Congress on 22 May 2016 . He formed the country 's 65th government and became Prime Minister on 24 May 2016 . Factions of the Turkish Army in discontent with his policies attempted to oust him in a failed military coup d'état attempt on 15 July 2016 . As a staunch supporter of Erdoğan , Yıldırım has been referred to as a ` low-profile ' Prime Minister and is expected to spearhead a transition from a parliamentary system of government to an executive presidency , which will delegate greater powers to Erdoğan and the office of the President . Following the declared victory of the ` Yes ' vote in the 2017 constitutional referendum despite electoral irregularities , Yıldırım resigned as AK Party leader in place of Erdoğan , who was elected as his successor during the 3rd AK Party extraordinary congress on 21 May 2017 . Yıldırım was subsequently elected as the AK Party 's parliamentary group leader by 300 votes on 24 May . In 2013 , Yıldırım was implicated in a government corruption scandal , with the financial and social activities of his family members also coming under scrutiny . He has caused controversy over his defence of greater government surveillance and comments favouring sex segregation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a2a2ded79a3636f325fb34940796f344", "text": "2016 Macedonian protests In April 2016 , protests began in the Republic of Macedonia against the incumbent President Gjorgje Ivanov and the government led by the interim Prime Minister Emil Dimitriev from the ruling VMRO-DPMNE party . Referred to by some as the `` Colorful Revolution '' , the protests have started after the controversial decision by President Gjorgje Ivanov to stop the investigation against former Prime Minister Nikola Gruevski and dozens of politicians who were allegedly involved in a wiretapping scandal . The demonstrations were organized by `` Protestiram '' ( I protest ) and supported from coalition led by the Social Democratic Union of Macedonia , and other opposition parties , also the newly formed Levica ( The Left ) demanding that the government resigns for the formation of a technical government , and that the parliamentary elections planned for 5 June 2016 are cancelled , on the grounds that the conditions for free and transparent elections are not in place . The government and its supporters , who have organized pro-government rallies , maintain that the elections on June 5 are the only solution to the political crisis , with some observers blaming the opposition for creating a `` Ukraine scenario '' in Macedonia . Initially taking place in Skopje , the capital , both anti- and pro-government protests have also occurred in other cities in the country , including Bitola , Kicevo , Kočani , Veles , Strumica , Prilep , Kumanovo and Tetovo . Thousands of people have taken part in the demonstrations . The European Union and the United States criticized the government of Macedonia for the pardon of the politicians and have stated that Macedonia 's prospects of becoming a member of the EU and NATO are under threat because of it . In an official statement , the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia labelled the Macedonian opposition as a tool of foreign powers being used to destabilize the political situation in the country .", "title": "" } ]	fever
e5af6b0002c488913557ca9efc7ca55c	Alpha House's inspiration is Senator Chuck Schumer.	[ { "docid": "6a01f47e4c6f6db9acc948b765d615a2", "text": "Alpha House Alpha House is an American political satire web television series produced by Amazon Studios . The show stars John Goodman , Clark Johnson , Matt Malloy and Mark Consuelos as four Republican U.S. Senators who share a house in Washington , D.C. . It was created by Doonesbury creator Garry Trudeau . The show premiered on Amazon.com on April 19 , 2013 . The series is inspired by several actual Democratic legislators who share a row house in D.C. : Senator Dick Durbin ( D-IL ) , Senator Chuck Schumer ( D-NY ) , and Representative George Miller ( D-CA ) . The series has a number of cameos from celebrities such as Bill Murray ( as Senator Vernon Smits ) and politicians such as Schumer as himself . Amazon Studios offered the first three episodes of Alpha House for free , with each subsequent episode released weekly thereafter for Amazon Prime members on Amazon Video . On February 11 , 2014 , the series was renewed for a second season . Production for the second season began filming in July 2014 , and the entire second season became available on Amazon.com on October 24 , 2014 . The series was canceled after the second season .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "9b868b28c29458285d33010ccaaa920d", "text": "Troy Carter (New Orleans) Troy Anthony `` C '' Carter ( born October 26 , 1963 ) is the District 7 member of the Louisiana State Senate who formerly served on the New Orleans City Council . In the November 21 runoff election , Carter defeated his fellow Democrat , Jeff Arnold , who is a term-limited former state representative for the Algiers neighborhood of New Orleans . In 1994 , he was elected to represent District C on the city council , having become the first African-American to represent that portion of the city since Reconstruction . He served until 2002 , when he unsuccessfully sought the office of mayor . Carter was eliminated in the 2002 primary election by Ray Nagin ( the final winner ) and Richard Pennington . Carter previously represented District 102 in the Louisiana House of Representatives from 1992 to 1994 , when he was elected to the city council . He was an unsuccessful candidate for Louisiana 's 2nd congressional district seat in 2006 against then-incumbent William J. Jefferson . Carter is a graduate of Xavier University of Louisiana , where he majored in business administration and political science . Carter was initiated into the Beta Iota Chapter of Kappa Alpha Psi while a student at Xavier . He embarked on graduate studies in Pittsburgh at Carnegie-Mellon University 's School of Urban and Public Affairs . He has been a political science instructor at his alma mater , Xavier . Carter received 12,935 votes ( 56.8 percent ) in the 2015 runoff election to Arnold 's 9,852 ( 43.2 percent ) . The position opened with the retirement of the two-term Senator David Heitmeier .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "47f8a87ad1c1310bf111053989f80161", "text": "Daniel Schaefer Daniel `` Dan '' Schaefer ( January 25 , 1936 -- April 16 , 2006 ) was a Republican U.S. Representative from Colorado from 1983 to 1999 . He represented a suburban district that stretched from Denver to the southwest . Born in Guttenberg , Clayton County , Iowa , he attended public schools . He received his B.A. degree from Niagara University , Niagara Falls , New York , in 1961 . He also attended Potsdam University , Potsdam , New York , from 1961 to 1964 . He served in the United States Marine Corps from 1955 to 1957 and attained the rank of sergeant . He was a public relations consultant . In 1976 , he was elected to a two-year term in the Colorado General Assembly . Two years later , he was elected to the Colorado State Senate , where he served from 1979 to 1983 . He was a delegate to Colorado State Republican conventions between 1972 and 1982 . Schaefer was elected as a Republican to the Ninety-eighth United States Congress , by special election , to fill the vacancy caused by the death of United States Representative-elect Jack Swigert , a former astronaut who died of cancer before he could take his seat in Congress . Schaefer polled 49,816 votes ( 63 percent ) in the special election to 27,779 ballots ( 35 percent ) for the Democrat Steve Hogan . No Democrat challenged Schaefer in 1984 . In successive elections from 1986 to 1996 , he polled more than 60 percent of the vote against each of his Democratic opponents . In his last race in 1996 , he received 146,018 votes ( 62 percent ) to 88,600 ballots ( 38 percent ) for the Democrat Joan Fitz-Gerald . Schaefer did not run for reelection to the 106th United States Congress in 1998 . Schaefer was succeeded by Congressman Tom Tancredo , a fellow Republican and noted critic of open immigration . Former White House Press Secretary Dana Perino served as Schaefer 's press secretary for a number of years . He died at the age of 70 in Wheat Ridge , Colorado .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "33fe579a9f07936345c25d9d2154c915", "text": "Alpha course The Alpha course is an evangelistic course which seeks to introduce the basics of the Christian faith through a series of talks and discussions . It is described by its organisers as `` an opportunity to explore the meaning of life '' . Alpha courses are being run in churches , homes , workplaces , prisons , universities and a wide variety of other locations . The course began in the UK and is being run around the world by various Christian denominations .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "20fde9945db780443209fe1ed4e71816", "text": "Ben and Harriet Schulein House The Ben and Harriet Schulein House , also known as the Ben Schulein House , is a two-story historic residence located at 2604 Jackson Street , Sioux City , Iowa , in the United States . Designed in 1913 for a locally prominent Jewish businessman and his wife by William L. Steele ( 1875 -- 1949 ) , it represents a turning point in Steele 's development as an architect by introducing Prairie School features . Steele had served in the office of the famous Chicago architect Louis Sullivan ( 1856 -- 1924 ) prior to settling in Sioux City in 1904 . Sullivan criticized the then-dominant styles of architecture based on historical revivals or eclectic mixing of historical features , championing instead progressive architecture based on concepts such as elimination of historical styles , simplification , functional and `` true '' expression of a building 's purpose , embrace of new technology , and the frank use of materials without disguise . Another of Sullivan 's protégés , Frank Lloyd Wright ( 1867 -- 1959 ) , was inspired by Sullivan to pioneer the Prairie Style of architecture at the turn of the 20th Century . However , Steele had been relatively unsuccessful in interesting clients in the Sioux City area in his progressive ideas about architecture , although he had designed a number of mildly progressive American Craftsman bungalows and the Davidson Building ( Sioux City , 1912 -- 1913 ) , a Sullivanesque office block . The wide eaves and strong horizontal lines of the Schulein House represent Steele 's first tentative steps in the direction of the Prairie School . From now on , whenever budget and client could be stretched far enough , Steele would turn away from other architectural styles and pursue Prairie Style . Steele 's evolution as a noted Prairie architect would continue with two Prairie-influenced buildings in 1915 : the Carnegie Library ( Armour , South Dakota ) and the Livestock National Bank ( Sioux City ) . These in turn led to the Woodbury County Courthouse ( 1915 -- 1918 , with George Grant Elmslie as principal designer ) , the First Congregational Church ( 1916 -- 1918 ) , the Charles Mix County Courthouse ( 1916 -- 1917 ) , the H.H. Everist House ( 1916 -- 1920 ) , and many other celebrated Prairie School designs in Sioux City and elsewhere in Iowa , Nebraska , and South Dakota .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "142e1472dc89700068778a234bad5969", "text": "John M. McHugh John Michael McHugh ( born September 29 , 1948 ) is an American politician from the U.S. state of New York who served as the 21st United States Secretary of the Army , and represented the state 's 23rd congressional district in the United States House of Representatives . In June 2009 , President Barack Obama nominated McHugh to the position of United States Secretary of the Army . His nomination was confirmed by the United States Senate and he took office on September 21 , 2009 . In July 2015 , McHugh announced his intent to resign by November 2015 . He retired on November 1 , 2015 after more than six years of service . On September 18 , 2015 , President Obama nominated Eric Fanning to be his replacement .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "509c400c025cc3df7a17dae5a5218720", "text": "Mark Kirk Mark Steven Kirk ( born September 15 , 1959 ) is an American politician who was the junior United States Senator from Illinois from 2010 to 2017 and a member of the Republican Party . Previously , Kirk was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives , representing Illinois 's 10th congressional district . Kirk is a social moderate and fiscal conservative . Born in Champaign , Illinois , Kirk graduated from Cornell University , the London School of Economics , and Georgetown University Law Center . He practiced law throughout the 1980s and 1990s . He joined the United States Navy Reserve as a Direct Commission Officer in the Intelligence career field in 1989 and was recalled to active duty for the 1999 NATO bombing of Yugoslavia . He participated in Operation Northern Watch in Iraq the following year . He attained the rank of Commander and retired from the Navy Reserve in 2013 . Kirk was elected to the House in 2000 . During his fifth term in November 2010 he won two concurrent elections : to finish the final months of former Senator Barack Obama 's term and to serve the next six-year term . He was sworn in on November 29 , 2010 , and began a six-year Senate term in January 2011 . In January 2012 , Kirk suffered a stroke , and a full year passed before he returned to his congressional duties . On November 8 , 2016 , he was defeated in his bid for re-election to his U.S. Senate seat by Democrat Tammy Duckworth .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f1a1419876972f5ec4e2461e790b0840", "text": "Iowa Democratic caucuses, 2008 The Iowa Democratic Presidential Caucus occurred on January 3 , 2008 , and was the state caucuses of the Iowa Democratic Party . It was the first election for the Democrats of the 2008 presidential election . Also referred to as `` the First in the Nation Caucus , '' it was the first election of the primary season on both the Democratic and Republican sides . Of the eight major Democratic presidential candidates , then-U.S. Senator Barack Obama of Illinois received the most votes and was ultimately declared the winner of the Iowa Democratic Caucus of 2008 , making him the first African American to win the caucus . Former U.S. Senator John Edwards of North Carolina came in second place and then-U.S. Senator Hillary Clinton of New York finished third , though Clinton received more delegates than Edwards . Campaigning had begun as early as two years before the event .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d9c485965412c2e8661f5cb749d91b58", "text": "Herding Cats: A Life in Politics Herding Cats : A Life in Politics is a book written by U.S. Senator Trent Lott , a Republican from Mississippi . Published by HarperCollins Publishers , Inc. on August 23 , 2005 , the book spans 320 pages . The major points of the book are Lott 's childhood in Grenada and Pascagoula , Mississippi , including his struggles with his alcoholic father ; his election to Congress ; his years in the House of Representatives during the Nixon , Carter , and Reagan administrations ( including his service as Minority Whip in that body ) ; and his service in the Senate , especially his service as Majority Leader during the Clinton and Bush Administrations . He recounts the formative events of his youth and the stories from his political life . From his decision to support Gerald Ford over Ronald Reagan in the 1976 Republican primary to his working partnership with Senate Democratic leader Tom Daschle during the Clinton impeachment and the September 11 attacks in 2001 , Lott traces the inner workings of congressional life . One major focus of the book is the comments Lott made at the birthday party of Sen. Strom Thurmond in 2002 and the subsequent intense media coverage , which eventually led to his resignation as the Senate Majority Leader in December 2002 . Lott names several figures who he believes orchestrated his downfall , including members of President George W. Bush 's administration , such as then-Secretary of State , Colin Powell , and former Federal Emergency Management Agency ( FEMA ) head Joe Allbaugh ( who Lott claims has admitted that he intended to bring Lott down as Majority Leader ) ; as well as the successor to Lott as Majority Leader , Sen. Bill Frist . Lott suggests that his forced resignation was a `` strategic plan '' devised by Bush and others who wanted Frist to take his place , since Frist supported key White House policies like the Medicare expansion , which Lott opposed . Lott notes , however , that his response to the Thurmond controversy played poorly in the media . Lott wrote in the book that Frist betrayed him by not telling him about Frist 's decision to run for majority leader beforehand . Lott says he took Frist as his protégé , as Frist had no political/public experience when he was first elected to the Senate . Some suggested that Lott 's book , which portrayed Frist in a negative light , was designed to impede Frist 's possible presidential campaign , but Frist did not run . Lott indicated in the book that he had repaired his relationship with Frist to some extent . Lott also emphasizes his years as Majority Whip in the House and his years as Majority Leader in the Senate , where Lott claims to have built an efficient vote-getting organization and played a key role in several legislative accomplishments , including the Reagan-era budget cuts and tax cuts , and welfare reform and the tobacco settlement during the Clinton years . This emphasis may tie into Lott 's ambition to rejoin the Senate Republican Leadership .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "17b74530cc4d3f855493246c332c855c", "text": "Sean Patrick Maloney Sean Patrick Maloney ( born July 30 , 1966 ) is an American politician and member of the Democratic Party who has served as the U.S. Representative for since 2013 . Born in the Canadian province of Quebec , and raised in nearby Hanover , New Hampshire , he earned his Bachelor of Arts and Juris Doctor from the University of Virginia . He entered politics as a volunteer for Bill Clinton 's presidential campaigns , and later served as his senior West Wing adviser and White House Staff Secretary . After the Clinton Administration , he served as the First Deputy Secretary to New York Governors Eliot Spitzer and David Paterson . Prior to being elected to Congress , he worked as an executive in a private equity firm and as an attorney . In 2006 he ran in the Democratic primary for New York Attorney General , but came in third to Mark J. Green and winner Andrew Cuomo . He was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 2012 after defeating Republican incumbent Nan Hayworth . He campaigned for the election as a moderate and is a member of the New Democrat Coalition . He is the first openly gay person to be elected to Congress from New York .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bfc201293475e261a8145d0713ea4684", "text": "United States Congress The United States Congress is the bicameral legislature of the federal government of the United States consisting of two chambers : the Senate and the House of Representatives . The Congress meets in the Capitol in Washington , D.C. Both senators and representatives are chosen through direct election , though vacancies in the Senate may be filled by a gubernatorial appointment . Members are usually affiliated to the Republican Party or to the Democratic Party , and only rarely to a third party or as independents . Congress has 535 voting members : 435 Representatives and 100 Senators . The House of Representatives has six non-voting members in addition to its 435 voting members . These members can , however , sit on congressional committees and introduce legislation . These members represent Washington , D.C. , Puerto Rico , American Samoa , Guam , the Northern Mariana Islands and the U.S. Virgin Islands . The members of the House of Representatives serve two-year terms representing the people of a single constituency , known as a `` district '' . Congressional districts are apportioned to states by population using the United States Census results , provided that each state has at least one congressional representative . Each state , regardless of population or size , has two senators . Currently , there are 100 senators representing the 50 states . Each senator is elected at-large in their state for a six-year term , with terms staggered , so every two years approximately one-third of the Senate is up for election .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ca5647bd4aa91bc43fd1d1d7f17cec78", "text": "DREAM Act The DREAM Act ( acronym for Development , Relief , and Education for Alien Minors ) is an American legislative proposal for a multi-phase process for illegal immigrants in the United States that would first grant conditional residency and upon meeting further qualifications , permanent residency . The bill was first introduced in the Senate on August 1 , 2001 , by United States Senators Dick Durbin ( Democratic Party ) and Orrin Hatch ( Republican Party ) , and has since been reintroduced several times ( see legislative history ) but has failed to pass . Supporters argue that the Act would not create an `` amnesty program '' and would produce a variety of social and economic benefits , while critics contend that it would reward illegal immigration and encourage more of it , inviting fraud and shielding gang members from deportation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b773aea6d3aeac9c6a94bb32c54207f1", "text": "Moderate Dems Working Group Moderate Dems Working Group was a caucus of moderate Democratic members of the United States Senate . The group 's goal is to work with the Senate leadership and the Obama administration `` to craft common-sense solutions to urgent national problems . '' The group 's members are `` joined by a shared commitment to pursue pragmatic , fiscally sustainable policies across a range of issues , such as deficit containment , health care reform , the housing crisis , educational reform , energy policy and climate change . '' The Moderate Dems Working Group was founded on March 18 , 2009 , and is led by Senators Evan Bayh of Indiana , Tom Carper of Delaware , and Blanche Lincoln of Arkansas . It has been described as the Senate version of the Blue Dog Coalition in the House . The coalition has received praise from Democratic Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid , but has been criticized by the left as simply being `` political cover to Democratic senators representing red or purple states , making it harder for Republicans to tie them to liberal bogeymen . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2f60dae2408318da542dbeca1427a080", "text": "Lambda Chi Alpha Lambda Chi Alpha is a college fraternity in North America , which was founded in 1909 . It is one of the largest men 's fraternities , having initiated more than 280,000 members with active chapters and colonies at 195 universities . Lambda Chi Alpha was founded by Warren A. Cole , while he was a student at Boston University . The youngest of the fifteen largest social fraternities , Lambda Chi Alpha has initiated the third highest number of men ever , based on NIC statistics . Lambda Chi 's International Headquarters is located in Indianapolis , Indiana . Its members are referred to as `` Lambda Chis , '' `` LCAs , '' and `` Lambdas . '' It was a member of the North-American Interfraternity Conference ( NIC ) until October , 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b9fa4abbec4c7f507ea56f591ffb8ddc", "text": "Congressional office buildings The congressional office buildings are the office buildings used by the United States Congress to augment the limited space in the United States Capitol . The congressional office buildings are part of the Capitol Complex are thus under the authority of the Architect of the Capitol and protected by the United States Capitol Police . The office buildings house the individual offices of each U.S. Representative and Senator as well as committee hearing rooms , staff rooms , multiple cafeterias , and areas for support , committee , and maintenance staff . The congressional office buildings are connected to the Capitol by means of several underground trains -- the Capitol Subway System . Congressional pages are responsible for carrying packages and messages from the two chambers to the buildings . The three Senate office buildings are along Constitution Avenue north of the Capitol : Russell Senate Office Building ( RSOB , completed 1908 ) Dirksen Senate Office Building ( DSOB , completed 1958 ) Hart Senate Office Building ( HSOB , completed 1982 ) The three House office buildings are along Independence Avenue south of the Capitol : Cannon House Office Building ( CHOB , completed 1908 ) Longworth House Office Building ( LHOB , completed 1933 ) Rayburn House Office Building ( RHOB , completed 1965 ) A fourth building , the Ford House Office Building , which used to house the FBI 's fingerprint records , sits a few blocks southwest of the others . A fifth building , the O'Neill House Office Building ( previously known as `` House Annex-1 '' ) was named after former Speaker of the House Thomas `` Tip '' O'Neill . It was demolished in 2002 . The U.S. Capitol Complex also includes a Page Residence Hall and the Capitol Power Plant , both on the House side of the Capitol .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "313d0b586e0ef90f4a309c8df443c032", "text": "Hartley Hall Hartley Hall was the first official residence hall ( or dormitory ) constructed on the campus of Columbia University 's Morningside Heights campus , and currently houses undergraduate students from Columbia College as well as the Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science . The building is named for Columbia alumnus Marcellus Hartley Dodge , who donated $ 300,000 for its construction shortly after his graduation . The building was meant as a memorial to his grandfather , Marcellus Hartley , the owner of Remington Arms , who died during Dodge 's sophomore year and who bequeathed him the family fortune . Dodge hoped to create `` the commencement of a true dormitory system '' at Columbia . Construction began on Hartley Hall in 1904 and it opened in tandem with Livingston Hall in 1905 , welcoming students with its lobby of marble and oak . 200 students were housed in corridor-style rooms of various sizes . Lounges provided opportunities for social events such as teas with professors , although there was not yet an undergraduate dining hall on campus . Rooms of the period cost $ 3.30 per week , or $ 129 for the academic year , which , although more expensive than a roominghouse , ultimately allowed even poor students to afford bearth there . University President Nicholas Murray Butler , who presided over the hall 's opening , noted that `` in the interest of true democracy , '' rooms were arranged to allow `` the poorer student to live in the same building and the same entry with him who is better off , and so avoids the chasm between rich and poor living in separate buildings , of which there is so much complaint at Harvard . '' Subsequently , the building became home , among others , to authors Allen Ginsberg and Jack Kerouac , who noted its cockroach problem . Overhauled during a 1980s renovation , the dorm is now organized into mostly two-story suites , where up to 15 students live in single and double rooms . The suites ' common space includes kitchens , bathrooms and living/dining areas . Along with neighboring Wallach Hall , it is currently part of the Living and Learning Center ( LLC ) , home to suite-style housing that intermingles all class levels and features interactive events designed to draw them together . An application process is required to obtain housing in either of the LLC dormitories . Hartley also houses Columbia 's undergraduate housing office . A small kosher deli used to be housed on the main floor . It was recently moved in 2007 to John Jay Hall .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d497a4808eca0fece8df22dd0a1cc3e9", "text": "The Obama Identity The Obama Identity : A Novel ( Or Is It ? ) is a 2010 novel written by Edward Klein and former Republican United States Representative John LeBoutillier . Among other things , the book explores and promotes the Barack Obama citizenship conspiracy theories and Barack Obama religion conspiracy theories in the form of a novel . In an interview on Fox & Friends , Leboutillier claimed that the book uses `` real things '' and has `` so much real stuff '' . Following the interview , Media Matters for America published excerpts from the book in an article which criticized the book as having an `` incomprehensible plot '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c50317b154b9e0b59948a13b6b3368d7", "text": "Pat Toomey Patrick Joseph Toomey ( born November 17 , 1961 ) is an American businessman and politician . He is the junior United States Senator for Pennsylvania , in office since 2011 , and a member of the Republican Party . Previously , Toomey served as a United States Representative for three terms , from 1999 to 2005 , but he did not seek a fourth term in compliance with a term limits pledge he had made while running for office in 1998 . Toomey attended La Salle Academy in Providence , Rhode Island before earning a B.A. in government from Harvard College . He was employed first by Chemical Bank and subsequently by Morgan , Grenfell & Co. beginning in 1984 and 1986 , respectively , until resigning from the latter in 1991 . Prior to being elected to the U.S. Senate , Toomey served as the U.S. Representative for from 1999 to 2005 . He narrowly lost the Republican primary for United States Senate in 2004 . From 2005 to 2009 , he served as president of the Club for Growth . After becoming the Republican nominee for the 2010 U.S. Senate election in Pennsylvania , Toomey was elected to the seat on November 2 , 2010 , defeating his Democratic opponent , former U.S. Navy Three-star admiral and Congressman Joe Sestak . He is currently the only Republican holding statewide office in Pennsylvania . In the U.S. Senate , Toomey serves on the Committee on Banking , Housing , and Urban Affairs , the Committee on the Budget , the Committee on Finance , and the Congressional Joint Economic Committee , among others including several subcommittees . In 2011 , he also served on the Joint Select Committee on Deficit Reduction . In April 2012 , Toomey was named to succeed South Carolina Senator Jim DeMint as chairman of the United States Senate Steering Committee , a Senate Republican caucus . Toomey was re-elected on November 8 , 2016 , to his second term as the junior United States Senator from Pennsylvania , defeating Katie McGinty in the general election .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2f2c0d329d44b7b63bd517104d66a814", "text": "Chuck D Carlton Douglas Ridenhour ( born August 1 , 1960 ) , known professionally as Chuck D , is an American rapper , author , and producer . As the leader of the rap group Public Enemy , he helped create politically and socially conscious hip hop music in the mid-1980s . About.com ranked him at No. 9 on their list of the Top 50 MCs of Our Time , while The Source ranked him at No. 12 on their list of the Top 50 Hip-Hop Lyricists of All Time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4fabdc47572748f939ed3b2d724e109d", "text": "Economic policy of the Barack Obama administration The economic policy of the Barack Obama administration was characterized by moderate tax increases on higher income Americans designed to fund healthcare reform , reduce the federal budget deficit , and improve income inequality . His first term ( 2009 -- 2013 ) included measures designed to address the Great Recession and Subprime mortgage crisis , which began in 2007 . These included a major stimulus package , banking regulation , and comprehensive healthcare reform . As the economy improved and robust job creation continued during his second term ( 2013 -- 2017 ) , the Bush tax cuts were allowed to expire for the highest income taxpayers and a spending sequester ( cap ) was implemented , to further reduce the deficit back to typical historical levels . Towards the end of his tenure , the U.S. economy was nearing full employment such that the Federal Reserve began raising interest rates , real household income was nearing its pre-crisis peak , gas prices were very low , and GDP grew 3.5 % . He also implemented several environmental executive orders to address climate change and encourage clean energy industries , as the U.S. enjoyed an unprecedented increase in energy production . Both the stock market and corporate profits reached record high levels during his tenure , while inflation and interest rates remained near record low levels . Conceptually , Obama advocated using government regulation to stem crony capitalism and tax revenue to stabilize and promote economic growth . Two of his important economic advisers were Jason Furman of Harvard University and Jeffrey Liebman of Harvard University . In 2006 , Obama wrote , `` We should be asking ourselves what mix of policies will lead to a dynamic free market and widespread economic security , entrepreneurial innovation and upward mobility -LSB- ... -RSB- we should be guided by what works . '' Speaking before the National Press Club in April 2005 , he defended the New Deal social welfare policies of Franklin D. Roosevelt , associating Republican proposals to establish private accounts for Social Security with Social Darwinism .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0a243ea0955b3f772f9a0970490d0940", "text": "New York's 23rd congressional district special election, 2009 The 2009 special election for New York 's 23rd congressional district was held on November 3 , 2009 , to select the successor to Republican John M. McHugh . McHugh was nominated to become United States Secretary of the Army on June 2 , 2009 , and resigned as representative of New York 's 23rd congressional district on September 21 , 2009 , after being confirmed by the Senate . The Democratic Party and the Working Families Party nominated businessman and attorney Bill Owens , and the Conservative Party of New York nominated businessman and accountant Doug Hoffman . The Republican Party and Independence Party nominated State Assembly member Dierdre Scozzafava , who withdrew from the race three days before the election and endorsed Owens . On Election Day , Owens defeated Hoffman . The 2009 special election received significant national attention , and was alternately described as `` a referendum on President Barack Obama '' and `` a fight over the identity of the Republican Party . '' The race was also noteworthy due to the Tea Party movement influence on its outcome , and for its impact on same-sex marriage legislation in New York .", "title": "" } ]	fever
c33441d5e95ceba7a9104538202bf6c1	Game of Thrones (season 3) premiered in 2012.	[ { "docid": "dbe4a414c8ec7a3725e69fd7118efa63", "text": "Game of Thrones (season 3) The third season of the fantasy drama television series Game of Thrones premiered in the United States on HBO on March 31 , 2013 , and concluded on June 9 , 2013 . It was broadcast on Sunday at 9:00 pm in the United States , consisting of 10 episodes , each running approximately 50 -- 60 minutes . The season is based roughly on the first half of A Storm of Swords ( the third of the A Song of Ice and Fire novels by George R. R. Martin , of which the series is an adaptation ) . The series is adapted for television by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss . HBO renewed the series for a third season on April 10 , 2012 , nine days after the second season 's premiere . Production began in July 2012 . The show was filmed primarily in Ireland , Northern Ireland , Croatia , Iceland and Morocco . The story takes place in a fictional world , primarily upon a continent called Westeros , with one storyline occurring on another continent to the east known as Essos . Like the novel , the season follows the climatic battle at Kings Landing . Season three like the previous season mainly centres around the war of the five kings ; after the death of Renly Baratheon ( Gethin Anthony ) , all four kings in Westeros believes to have a claim to the Iron Throne , besides Robb Stark ( Richard Madden ) , who seeks vengeance for the death of his father , Lord Eddard `` Ned '' Stark ( Sean Bean ) . Game of Thrones features a large ensemble cast , including Peter Dinklage , Nikolaj Coster-Waldau , Lena Headey , Emilia Clarke and Kit Harington . The season introduced a number of new cast members , including Ciarán Hinds , Nathalie Emmanuel and Iwan Rheon . Critics praised the show 's production values and cast . Viewership yet again rose compared to the previous season . It won 2 of the 16 Emmy Awards for which it was nominated , it received a nomination for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series ( Dinklage ) , Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series ( Clarke ) and Outstanding Drama Series . It also won the Critics ' Choice Television Award for Best Drama Series .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "93b340b11ac156cccd93e0f0936f0e7a", "text": "The Black Adder The Black Adder is the first series of the BBC sitcom Blackadder , written by Richard Curtis and Rowan Atkinson , directed by Martin Shardlow and produced by John Lloyd . The series was originally aired on BBC One from 15 June 1983 to 20 July 1983 , and was a joint production with the Australian Seven Network . Set in 1485 at the end of the British Middle Ages , the series is written as a secret history which contends that King Richard III won the Battle of Bosworth Field , only to be unintentionally assassinated by his nephew Edmund and succeeded by Richard IV , one of the Princes in the Tower . The series follows the exploits of Richard IV 's unfavoured second son Edmund ( who calls himself `` The Black Adder '' ) in his various attempts to increase his standing with his father and , in the final episode , his quest to overthrow him . Conceived while Atkinson and Curtis were working on Not the Nine O'Clock News , the series covers a number of medieval issues in Britain in a humorous and often anachronistic manner -- witchcraft , royal succession , European relations , the Crusades and the conflict between the Crown and the Church . The filming of the series was highly ambitious , with a large cast and much location shooting . Shakespearean dialogue is sometimes adapted for comic effect . Despite winning an International Emmy , The Black Adder is generally regarded as the weakest series of Blackadder , even by its creators .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "31e2009864f88dbfac890092e4543178", "text": "Cold Blooded (Grimm) `` Cold Blooded '' is the 7th episode of the supernatural drama television series Grimm of season 3 and the 51st overall , which premiered on December 13 , 2013 , on the cable network NBC . The episode was written by Thomas Ian Griffith , and was directed by Terrence O'Hara . The episode aired alongside the next episode , Twelve Days of Krampus .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a7ddcd43567aed9222b796c286606cfe", "text": "A Dish Best Served Cold `` A Dish Best Served Cold '' is the 3rd episode of season 3 of the supernatural drama television series Grimm and the 47th episode overall , which premiered on November 8 , 2013 , on the cable network NBC . The episode was written by Rob Wright , and was directed by Karen Gaviola .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "24d22d9f72b4f8005f464a9df3675e93", "text": "Ned Stark Eddard `` Ned '' Stark is a fictional character in the first book of George R. R. Martin 's A Song of Ice and Fire series of fantasy novels and the first season of its television adaptation . Introduced in 1996 's A Game of Thrones , Ned is the honorable lord of Winterfell , an ancient fortress in the North of the fictional continent of Westeros . Though the character is established as a primary character in the novel and the TV adaptation , Martin 's plot twist at the end involving Ned shocked both readers of the book and viewers of the TV series . Ned is portrayed by Sean Bean in the first season of HBO 's adaptation of the series , Game of Thrones , and as a child and young man by Sebastian Croft and Robert Aramayo respectively in the sixth season . Bean was nominated for a Saturn Award for Best Actor on Television and a Scream Award for Best Fantasy Actor for the role . He and the rest of the cast were nominated for Screen Actors Guild Awards for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series in 2011 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "69a7bf9c87033bfdf3860992896c822d", "text": "List of The Newsroom episodes The Newsroom is an American television drama series created by Aaron Sorkin , which premiered on the premium cable network HBO on June 24 , 2012 . The series concluded on December 14 , 2014 , and consists of 25 episodes over three seasons . Jeff Daniels stars as Atlantis Cable News anchor Will McAvoy , who takes a mandatory leave of absence after a public tirade about America 's shortcomings during a political debate . Upon his return , he discovers that most of his staff have quit . Seeing an opportunity to return to the glory days of televised news instead of ratings-driven infotainment , his boss Charlie Skinner ( Sam Waterston ) has hired Will 's ex-girlfriend MacKenzie McHale ( Emily Mortimer ) as the new executive producer . McHale shares Skinner 's vision of TV news , and she and Will immediately butt heads . The series is executive produced by Aaron Sorkin , Scott Rudin , and Alan Poul .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f7adde18b2ad34a824c760e5ecb1978d", "text": "Simon & Simon (season 3) This is a list of episodes from the third season of Simon & Simon .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "88ffd9ff0fe412761331451d78f58240", "text": "Game of Thrones (season 6) The sixth season of the fantasy drama television series Game of Thrones premiered on HBO on April 24 , 2016 , and concluded on June 26 , 2016 . It consists of ten episodes , each of approximately 50 -- 60 minutes , largely of original content not found in George R. R. Martin 's A Song of Ice and Fire series . Some material is adapted from the upcoming sixth novel The Winds of Winter and the fourth and fifth novels , A Feast for Crows and A Dance with Dragons . The series was adapted for television by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss . HBO ordered the season on April 8 , 2014 , together with the fifth season , which began filming in July 2015 primarily in Northern Ireland , Spain , Croatia , Iceland and Canada . Each episode cost over $ 10 million . The season follows the continuing struggle between the Starks and other noble families of Westeros for the Iron Throne . The Starks defeat the Bolton forces in battle , and Jon Snow is proclaimed the King in the North . Tyrion attempts to rule Meereen while Daenerys is held captive by a Dothraki tribe . At King 's Landing , the Tyrell army attempts to liberate Margaery and Loras , but Margaery capitulates to the High Sparrow , who becomes more powerful by influencing King Tommen . At her trial , Cersei burns the Great Sept , killing her rivals , while Tommen kills himself . Unopposed , Cersei is crowned Queen of Westeros . Ellaria Sand and three of Oberyn Martell 's daughters kill Doran and Trystane Martell and seize control of Dorne , and Olenna discusses an alliance with Ellaria . In Essos , Daenerys Targaryen is captured by Khal Moro who takes her before the khals ; she burns them alive and takes command of the Dothraki . Game of Thrones features a large ensemble cast , including Peter Dinklage , Nikolaj Coster-Waldau , Lena Headey , Emilia Clarke and Kit Harington . The season introduced new cast members , including Max von Sydow , Pilou Asbæk and James Faulkner . Critics praised its production values , writing , plot development , and cast . Game of Thrones received most nominations for the 68th Primetime Emmy Awards , with 23 nominations , and won twelve , including that for Outstanding Drama Series for the second year in a row . U.S. viewership rose compared to the previous season , and by approximately 13 % over its course , from 7.9 million to 8.9 million by the finale .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e702919fa1c48d2a3b2c59ec64037bde", "text": "Game of Thrones (2014 video game) Game of Thrones is an episodic graphic adventure fantasy drama video game based on Game of Thrones , the TV adaptation of George R. R. Martin A Song of Ice and Fire fantasy series , released in December 2014 for Android , iOS , Microsoft Windows , OS X , PlayStation 3 , PlayStation 4 , Xbox 360 , and Xbox One . The game was developed by Telltale Games and follows the episodic format found in other Telltale titles , such as The Walking Dead , The Wolf Among Us , and Tales from the Borderlands , where player choices and actions influence later events across the 6-episode arc . The story revolves around the northern House Forrester , rulers of Ironrath , whose members , including the five playable characters , attempt to save their family and themselves after ending up on the losing side of the War of the Five Kings . The game includes settings , characters and voice actors from the novels and TV series . The game was generally well received , and Telltale is currently working on a second season of the game .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0beffdcb80a301a05d58e5588fa0397b", "text": "Shake It Up (season 3) The third and final season of Shake It Up premiered on Disney Channel on October 14 , 2012 . Bella Thorne , Zendaya , and Davis Cleveland appeared in every episode . Adam Irigoyen was absent for four episodes , Roshon Fegan was absent for five , and Caroline Sunshine was absent for nine . Kenton Duty is not a main cast member in this season and has been removed from the opening credits . This is the final season of the series , with the series finale airing on November 10 , 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8829a060a8e978e533e1fd4ee2b142ef", "text": "The Catalina The Catalina is an American reality television series on The CW . The series debuted on May 29 , 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "576984c74f18b463776795eefd973e86", "text": "McLeod's Daughters (season 3) The third season of the long-running Australian outback drama McLeod 's Daughters '' began airing on 12 February 2003 , and concluded on 29 October 2003 , with a total of 30 episodes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "64d78af8798b23a8edd83e91db8d51d9", "text": "Girls (TV series) Girls is an American television series that premiered on HBO on April 15 , 2012 . Created by and starring Lena Dunham and executive produced by Judd Apatow , Girls is a comedy-drama following the lives of four young women living in New York City . The show 's premise and major aspects of the main character were drawn from Dunham 's own life . The series has received a positive response from critics and consistent accolades , including the 2013 Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series -- Musical or Comedy . Girls sixth and final season concluded on April 16 , 2017 , with a total of 62 episodes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "23585aef9ebc6c14724579bca7249e4b", "text": "The Climb (Game of Thrones) `` The Climb '' is the sixth episode of the third season of HBO 's fantasy television series Game of Thrones , and the 26th episode of the series . Directed by Alik Sakharov and written by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss , it aired on May 5 , 2013 . The episode 's title comes from climbing of the wall by Jon Snow and Ygritte , and also the references from dialogue between Lord Petyr Baelish and Lord Varys .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b74322777796564cd2fbfef4334be149", "text": "Gethin Anthony Gethin David L. Anthony ( born 9 October 1983 ) is an English television and film actor best known for his role as Renly Baratheon in Game of Thrones .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "88b84aa666e99c31adf6f606d5c1e57c", "text": "Quill (Grimm) `` Quill '' is the 4th episode of the supernatural drama television series Grimm of season 2 and the 26th overall , which premiered on September 3 , 2012 , on NBC . The episode was written by David Simkins , and was directed by David Straiton .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b16cb53a4ef0bf940239684d7f72f294", "text": "Hell on Wheels (season 2) The second season of the AMC western-drama television series Hell on Wheels premiered on August 12 , 2012 and concluded on October 7 , 2012 . The series was created and produced by Joe and Tony Gayton who wrote and co-wrote two episodes . They also serve as the show 's showrunners . In addition to the Gaytons , Jeremy Gold , John Shiban , and David Von Ancken also serve as series executive producers . The season follows Cullen Bohannon , who joined a group of Rebel bandits robbing trains and planning to start a new Confederate colony in Mexico . While attacking Thomas Durant 's payroll train , Cullen is captured by authorities and sentenced to death , but Durant intervenes with a pardon on the condition that Cullen returns to Hell on Wheels to help oversee railroad construction . The second season was met with favorable reviews from critics with the premiered watched by just over 2.5 million viewers . The numbers were down significantly from the first season 's premiere and finale .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "be550792cc6f492a24f6d7f1d2ba498c", "text": "Friday Night Lights (season 3) The third season of the American serial drama television series Friday Night Lights began airing in the United States and Canada on October 1 , 2008 . It was the first season to be aired on DirecTV 's The 101 Network . The 13-episode season concluded on The 101 Network on January 14 , 2009 and then began its run on NBC two nights later , on January 16 , 2009 , and concluded its NBC run on April 10 , 2009 . The show was renewed for two more seasons in March 2009 , with both seasons airing in the same format as season 3 , containing 13 episodes each . The third season was released on DVD in region 1 on May 19 , 2009 . The season continues to focus around the Dillon Panthers and the pressures faced on and off the field . This season also has four main characters leave the show by season 's end .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "187c4140abf5905d0515b92e5d37b6b2", "text": "Camelot (TV series) Camelot is a 2011 historical-fantasy-drama television series which premiered on 1 April 2011 . It was co-produced by the Starz cable network and GK-TV which began production during the summer of 2010 . The series , based on the Arthurian legend , was produced by Graham King , Morgan O'Sullivan and Michael Hirst . A special preview showing of the pilot episode `` Homecoming '' was aired on Starz Friday night , 25 February 2011 . On 30 June 2011 Starz announced it was not going to order new seasons of Camelot , citing significant production challenges , predominantly scheduling conflicts with some members of the cast , including Joseph Fiennes , Jamie Campbell Bower and Eva Green .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "04d563bcde9714a8d44a06d7c7d7242e", "text": "Globe to Globe Festival The Globe to Globe Festival ran from 23 April to 9 June 2012 as part of the World Shakespeare Festival , itself part of the 2012 Cultural Olympiad . The festival 's director was Tom Bird . The Globe to Globe Festival hosted 37 productions of Shakespeare 's plays in 37 different languages over a six-week period . The festival was primarily intended to be an experiment with foreign language Shakespeare in the languages of London , however , it also aimed to discover how important Shakespeare is to the rest of the world . The Festival was recorded through blog responses on the Theatre 's own website and on the Year of Shakespeare blog . More than 100,000 people attended the performances , 80 % of whom had not previously been to the Globe .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "963c0fdb88ef101d09fa7339008d58ad", "text": "Friends (season 3) The third season of Friends , an American sitcom created by David Crane and Marta Kauffman , premiered on NBC on September 19 , 1996 . Friends was produced by Bright/Kauffman/Crane Productions , in association with Warner Bros. . Television . The season contains 25 episodes and concluded airing on May 15 , 1997 .", "title": "" } ]	fever
23e8ec9509587decff71417e3d8f8ec5	Andhra Pradesh hosted 121.8 million visitors in 2015.	[ { "docid": "76676bb91ade99035befa4d57417c7fb", "text": "Andhra Pradesh Andhra Pradesh ( -LSB- , ahndr@_pr@'dEsh -RSB- ) is one of the 29 states of India , situated on the southeastern coast of the country . The state is the eighth largest state in India covering an area of 162307 km2 . As per 2011 Census of India , the state is tenth largest by population with 49,386,799 inhabitants . On 2 June 2014 , the north-western portion of the state was bifurcated to form a new state of Telangana . Andhra Pradesh 's longtime capital , Hyderabad , was transferred to Telangana as part of the division . However , in accordance with the Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act , 2014 , Hyderabad will remain the de jure capital of both Andhra Pradesh and Telangana states for a period of time not exceeding 10 years . The new riverfront proposed capital in Guntur district is Amaravati , which is under the jurisdiction of APCRDA . The Gross State Domestic Product ( GSDP ) of the state in the 2016 -- 2017 financial year at current prices stood at . The state has a coastline of 974 km with jurisdiction over nearly 15,000 km2 territorial waters , the second longest among all the states of India after Gujarat . It is bordered by Telangana in the north-west , Chhattisgarh in the north , Odisha in the north-east , Karnataka in the west , Tamil Nadu in the south and the water body of Bay of Bengal in the east . A small enclave of 30 km2 of Yanam , a district of Puducherry , lies south of Kakinada in the Godavari delta to the east of the state . Andhra Pradesh is composed of two regions : Coastal Andhra , located along the Bay of Bengal , and Rayalaseema , in the inland southwestern part of the state . These two regions comprise 13 districts , with 9 in Coastal Andhra and 4 in Rayalaseema . Visakhapatnam , located on the Bay of Bengal in North Coastal Andhra is the largest city and commercial hub of the state with a GDP of $ 26 billion , followed in population and GDP by Vijayawada , which is located on the Krishna River and which has a GDP of $ 3 billion as of 2010 . Andhra Pradesh hosted 121.8 million visitors in 2015 , a 30 % growth in tourist arrivals over the previous year . The Tirumala Venkateswara Temple in Tirupati is one of the world 's most visited religious sites , with 18.25 million visitors per year . Other pilgrimage centers in Andhra Pradesh include the Ameen Peer Dargah in Kadapa , the Mahachaitya at Amaravathi , and the Kanaka Durga Temple in Vijayawada , while the state 's natural attractions include the beaches of Visakhapatnam , hill stations such as the Araku Valley and Horsley Hills , and the island of Konaseema in the Godavari River delta .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "513ae6997fbcea52b1379621fe40bc1f", "text": "South Indian cuisine South Indian cuisine includes the cuisines of the five southern states of India : Andhra Pradesh , Karnataka , Kerala , Tamil Nadu and Telangana .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "71e93d3c7f086a5e231a9553a2bb34aa", "text": "Andhra Andhra may refer to :", "title": "" }, { "docid": "076ac0b20d50d5be0b2c7847da960b2d", "text": "Gudivada Gudivada is a city in Krishna district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh . It is a municipality and the headquarters of Gudivada mandal in Gudivada revenue division . It is one of the cities in the state to be a part of Andhra Pradesh Capital Region . It is Twenty sixth most populous city in the state with a population of 118,167 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6bb5af9076508f4421e39eb79aa3bdf6", "text": "Narayanapur, Nalgonda district Narayanapur is a Mandal in Bhuvanagiri district of Telangana State , India . Narayanapur Mandal Headquarters is Narayanapur town . It belongs to Telangana region . It is located 39 km towards west from District headquarters Bhongir . Narayanapur Mandal is bounded by Choutuppal Mandal towards North , Manchal Mandal towards west , Pochampally Mandal towards North , Munugode Mandal towards East . Bhongiri City , Hyderabad City , Devarakonda City , Jangaon City are the nearby Cities to Narayanapur . Narayanapur consist of 77 Villages and 14 Panchayats . Kothulapuram is the smallest Village and Narayanapur is the biggest Village . It is in the 322 m elevation ( altitude ) . This Place is in the border of the Nalgonda District and Rangareddi District . Rangareddi District Manchal is west towards this place . Hyderabad , Nagarjunsagar , Nagarjunakonda ( Nagarjuna Sagar Dam ) , Medak , Warangal ( Orugallu ) are the nearby important tourist destinations to see .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ef7065155b074d5cbbff61773bd8c65a", "text": "Muppalla, Chandarlapadu mandal Muppalla is a village in Krishna district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh . It is located in Chandarlapadu mandal of Vijayawada revenue division . Average population as of 2012 is 3,800 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fc82aebf0be8086a879c8cf6ed13ca6d", "text": "South Asia South Asia or Southern Asia is a term used to represent the southern region of the Asian continent , which comprises the sub-Himalayan SAARC countries and , for some authorities , adjoining countries to the west and east . Topographically , it is dominated by the Indian Plate , which rises above sea level as Nepal and northern parts of India situated south of the Himalayas and the Hindu Kush . South Asia is bounded on the south by the Indian Ocean and on land ( clockwise , from west ) by West Asia , Central Asia , East Asia , and Southeast Asia . The current territories of Afghanistan , Bangladesh , Bhutan , Maldives , Nepal , India , Pakistan , and Sri Lanka form the countries of South Asia . The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation ( SAARC ) is an economic cooperation organisation in the region which was established in 1985 and includes all eight nations comprising South Asia . South Asia covers about 5.1 million km2 ( 1.9 million mi2 ) , which is 11.51 % of the Asian continent or 3.4 % of the world 's land surface area . The population of South Asia is about 1.749 billion or about one fourth of the world 's population , making it both the most populous and the most densely populated geographical region in the world . Overall , it accounts for about 39.49 % of Asia 's population ( or over 24 % of the world 's population ) and is home to a vast array of peoples . In 2010 , South Asia had the world 's largest population of Hindus , Jains and Sikhs . There are 507 million Muslims as well as over 35 million Christians and 25 million Buddhists in South Asia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "40eb5216f7b767b950a34d85b5ceeb84", "text": "Biodiversity park, Hyderabad Biodiversity park in Hyderabad has been established during the Convention on Biological Diversity held in 2012 . It was inaugurated along with a commemorative pylon by the Prime Minister of India Manmohan Singh . It was opened for the public at Gachibowli since January 19 , 2015 . The park was set up within the Telangana State Industrial Infrastructure Corporation ( TSIIC ) layout at a total cost of more than Rs . 2 crores .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "273429722b02cfedccfe1734f41c57df", "text": "The Nilgiris District The Nilgiris District is in the southern Indian state of Tamil Nadu . Nilgiri ( Blue Mountains ) is the name given to a range of mountains spread across the borders among the states of Tamil Nadu , Karnataka and Kerala . The Nilgiri Hills are part of a larger mountain chain known as the Western Ghats . Their highest point is the mountain of Doddabetta , height 2,637 m . The small district is contained mainly within this mountain range ; the administrative headquarters is located at Ooty ( Ootacamund or Udhagamandalam ) . Nilgiris District ranked first in a comprehensive Economic Environment index ranking districts in Tamil Nadu ( not including Chennai ) prepared by the Institute for Financial Management and Research in August 2009 . Tea and coffee plantations have been important to its economy . As of 2011 , the Nilgiris district had a population of 735,394 , with a sex-ratio of 1,042 females for every 1,000 males .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "48d7c0560eb699d3ac69de947258c69c", "text": "Tsundur mandal Tsundur mandal is one of the 57 mandals in Guntur district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh . It is under the administration of Tenali revenue division and the headquarters are located at Tsundur . The mandal is bounded by Chebrolu , Tenali , Amruthalur and Ponnur mandals . The mandal is a part of Andhra Pradesh Capital Region .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "00a8f85ebaf70ee74ead293e095f61e4", "text": "Tirumala Tirumala is a census town in Chittoor district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh . The town is a part of Tirupati Urban Development Authority and located in Tirupati ( rural ) mandal of Tirupati revenue division . It is a hill town where Tirumala Venkateswara Temple is located , which is the abode of Lord Venkateswara .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "32933e7e19057af68e11894ea92cd30e", "text": "Ports of Karnataka Karnataka 's coastline called Karavali stretches 300 km between Mangalore in Dakshina Kannada district and Karwar in Uttara Kannada district . The coastline of Karnataka has been along the eastern shore of Arabian Sea . Karnataka has one major and ten minor ports in this coastal belt . Kali , Belekeri , Gangavali , Aghanashini Sharavathi , Sharabi , Kollur , Gangolli , Sitanadi , Gurpur and Netravati are the important rivers in this belt which empty into the Arabian sea . Sea erosion , migration of river mouths , siltation of ports and harbours are some of the problems common to this belt . Development of ports being a state subject , the Government of Karnataka set up the Department of Ports and Inland Water Transport in 1957 . The Department maintains one major and ten minor ports between Mangalore in the south and Karwar in the North . The only major port is the New Mangalore Port . The minor ports are located at Karwar , Old Mangalore , Belekeri , Tadadi , Honnavar , Bhatkal , Kundapur , Hangarakatta , Malpe and Padubidri ports . Of these , the one at Karwar is the only all-weather port while the rest are riverine fair-weather lighterage ports . In the light of the economic reforms that the central government implemented in the early nineties , the Karnataka government also has been making serious efforts to improve its port infrastructure . In 1997 , a `` Port Policy '' was formulated with a view to develop all ports with private participation . The policy is built around the BOOST ( Build-Own-Operate-Share and Transfer ) concept and primarily seeks to improve cargo handling capacity .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "442d3f36980f1d8c37bbce46d7c7d301", "text": "Puducherry Puducherry ( -LSB- pᵿdᵿˈtʃɛri -RSB- literally New Town in Tamil ) , formerly known as Pondicherry ( -LSB- pɒndᵻˈtʃɛri -RSB- ) , is a union territory of India . It was formed out of four exclaves of former French India , namely Pondichéry ( Pondicherry ; now Puducherry ) , Karikal ( Karaikal ) , Mahé and Yanaon ( Yanam ) . It is named after the largest district , Puducherry . Historically known as Pondicherry ( Pāṇṭiccēri ) , the territory changed its official name to Puducherry ( Putuccēri ) on 20 September 2006 . Puducherry lies in the southern part of the Indian Peninsula . The areas of Puducherry district and Karaikal district are bound by the state of Tamil Nadu , while Yanam district and Mahé district are enclosed by the states of Andhra Pradesh and Kerala respectively . Puducherry is the 29th most populous and the third most densely populated state/union territory in India . It has a GDP of and ranks 27th in India .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "38886f7839a113d1b55cde36279a009b", "text": "Sri Krishnadevaraya University Sri Krishnadevaraya University is a public university in Anantapur , Andhra Pradesh , India , founded on July 25 , 1981 . The university is named after a patron of learning and the arts , Sri Krishnadevaraya , of the Vijayanagara empire of the 16th century .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f876053a03b13e820bce3e340d7cb006", "text": "Madanapalle Madanapalle is a city in Chittoor district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh . It is a municipality and the headquarters of Madanapalle mandal and Madanapalle revenue division .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d1f46f4fafb9ab95176fbed5ebf65e1c", "text": "Tourism in Uttarakhand Uttarakhand is a state in North Indian region of Himalayas . The state is popularly known as Devbhumi ( land of Gods ) due to the presence of numerous Hindu pilgrimage sites . As a result , religious tourism forms a major portion of the tourism in the state . The tourism business in Uttarakhand generated 23,000 crores during 2013-14 , however due to 2013 North Indian Floods , it is expected to witness a 70 % fall to 6,900 crores during 2014-15 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8c4f1632efd6db13afbd7153a56fd0cd", "text": "Arakkonam Arakkonam is a municipality town in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu , with a population of about 101,626 as per the census 2011 . This town is located in the Vellore District about 69 km ( via rail ) from the state capital of Chennai . Arakkonam is one of the hottest towns in India , where the temperature can exceed 43 ° C ( 110 ° F ) for several peak days in the summer . As of 2011 , the town had a population of 78,395 . It is considered a part of the Chennai Metropolitan Region .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e0fcfefac1312fb3c10893e09a5474e5", "text": "Arundelpet Arundelpet is a neighborhood in Guntur of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh . It is one of the commercial areas of the city .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "73d9c14844f19e0847cfbf297825f96a", "text": "Alluri Seetarama Raju (film) Alluri Seetarama Raju is a 1974 Telugu biographical historical film based on the life of Alluri Sitarama Raju , an Indian revolutionary who is known for his role in `` Rampa Rebellion '' of 1922 -- 24 , and tribal leader Gam Malludora during the Indian independence movement in the Madras Presidency . Raju with a band of tribal leaders and other sympathizers fought against the British Raj . The film is produced by Padmalaya Studios , as the 100th film of Ghattamaneni Krishna . Scripted by Maharadhi Tripuraneni , the film was directed by V. Ramachandra Rao , as South India 's first Cinemascope film . The film won the National Film Award for Best Lyrics for revolutionary compositions rendered by Srirangam Srinivasa Rao . The film won the Nandi Award for Best Feature Film , and was screened at the International Film Festival of India in the mainstream section , and Tashkent Film Festival . The film was the highest grossing Telugu film for that year . The film was screened retrospective on August 16 , 2016 at the Independence Day Film Festival jointly presented by the Indian Directorate of Film Festivals and Ministry of Defense , commemorating 70th Indian Independence Day .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5e46230f73e002348509b73bc8df290d", "text": "Jubilee Hills Jubilee Hills is a posh suburban neighbourhood in west Hyderabad , Telangana . It is one of the most expensive commercial and residential locations in India with prime land prices fetching up to 200,000 ( USD 4,000 ) per square yard . A 6 acre tract of land in the city was sold for nearly 3,340,000,000 ( USD 66,800,000 ) in 2005 . Rental prices on Road Numbers 36 and 37 range from 100-200 rupees per square foot , among the top commercial rental locales in India . This suburb is sandwiched between the wealthy commercial district of Banjara Hills and is located within two kilometers of the Hyderbad 's IT central hub of HITEC City . The natural terrain is mostly rocky and settlements here are of relatively new construction . To its south-east is the KBR National Park , the erstwhile Chiran palace , which is one of the largest urban national parks in India covering an area of 1.58 km ² .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e8a44619abb45d1412d7cfe4b8c24a0b", "text": "NTR bus station NTR bus station is a bus station in Guntur and owned by Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation . The bus station serves both the city and district services in Andhra Pradesh as well buses from neighboring states of Karnataka , Tamil Nadu and Telangana .", "title": "" } ]	fever
769ecd52595030244a9c1a9cc0cddac1	Tardigrades are non-segmented animals.	[ { "docid": "9b299b2ab4d3cf047ce6c31d62c95092", "text": "Tardigrade Tardigrades ( -LSB- ˈtɑrdᵻˌgreɪd -RSB- also known as water bears , space bears , or moss piglets ) are water-dwelling , eight-legged , segmented micro-animals . They were first discovered by the German zoologist Johann August Ephraim Goeze in 1773 . The name Tardigrada ( meaning `` slow stepper '' ) was given three years later by the Italian biologist Lazzaro Spallanzani . They have been found everywhere from mountaintops to the deep sea , mud volcanoes , and from tropical rain forests to the Antarctic . Tardigrades are one of the most resilient animals known : they can survive extreme conditions that would be rapidly fatal to nearly all other known life forms . They can withstand temperature ranges from 1 K ( close to absolute zero ) to about 420 K for several minutes , pressures about six times greater than those found in the deepest ocean trenches , ionizing radiation at doses hundreds of times higher than the lethal dose for a human , and the vacuum of outer space . They can go without food or water for more than 30 years , drying out to the point where they are 3 % or less water , only to rehydrate , forage , and reproduce . Tardigrades living in harsh conditions undergo an annual process of cyclomorphosis . They are not considered extremophilic because they are not adapted to exploit these conditions . This means that their chances of dying increase the longer they are exposed to the extreme environments , whereas true extremophiles thrive in a physically or geochemically extreme environment that would harm most other organisms . Usually , tardigrades are about 0.5 mm long when they are fully grown . They are short and plump with four pairs of legs , each with four to eight claws also known as `` disks '' . The first three pairs of legs are directed ventrolaterally and are the primary means of locomotion , while the fourth pair is directed posteriorly on the terminal segment of the trunk and is used primarily for grasping the substrate . Tardigrades are prevalent in mosses and lichens and feed on plant cells , algae , and small invertebrates . When collected , they may be viewed under a very low-power microscope , making them accessible to students and amateur scientists . Tardigrades form the phylum Tardigrada , part of the superphylum Ecdysozoa . It is an ancient group , with fossils dating from 530 million years ago , in the Cambrian period . About 1,150 species of tardigrades have been described . Tardigrades can be found throughout the world , from the Himalayas ( above 6000 m ) , to the deep sea ( below 4000 m ) and from the polar regions to the equator .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "2e1056285054625cd9f79c47a8bf9a3e", "text": "Pain in invertebrates Pain in invertebrates is a contentious issue . Although there are numerous definitions of pain , almost all involve two key components . First , nociception is required . This is the ability to detect noxious stimuli which evokes a reflex response that moves the entire animal , or the affected part of its body , away from the source of the stimulus . The concept of nociception does not imply any adverse , subjective feeling ; it is a reflex action . The second component is the experience of ` pain ' itself , or suffering -- i.e. , the internal , emotional interpretation of the nociceptive experience . Pain is therefore a private , emotional experience . Pain can not be directly measured in other animals , including other humans ; responses to putatively painful stimuli can be measured , but not the experience itself . To address this problem when assessing the capacity of other species to experience pain , argument-by-analogy is used . This is based on the principle that if a non-human animal 's responses to stimuli are similar to those of humans , it is likely to have had an analogous experience . It has been argued that if a pin is stuck in a chimpanzee 's finger and she rapidly withdraws her hand , then argument-by-analogy implies that like humans , she felt pain . It has been questioned why the inference does not then follow that a cockroach experiences pain when it writhes after being stuck with a pin . This argument-by-analogy approach to the concept of pain in invertebrates has been followed by others . The ability to experience nociception has been subject to natural selection and offers the advantage of reducing further harm to the organism . While it might be expected therefore that nociception is widespread and robust , nociception varies across species . For example , the chemical capsaicin is commonly used as a noxious stimulus in experiments with mammals ; however , the African naked mole-rat , Heterocephalus glaber , an unusual rodent species that lacks pain-related neuropeptides ( e.g. , substance P ) in cutaneous sensory fibres , shows a unique and remarkable lack of pain-related behaviours to acid and capsaicin . Similarly , capsaicin triggers nociceptors in some invertebrates , but this substance is not noxious to Drosophila melanogaster ( the common fruit fly ) . Criteria that may indicate a potential for experiencing pain include : Has a suitable nervous system and receptors Physiological changes to noxious stimuli Displays protective motor reactions that might include reduced use of an affected area such as limping , rubbing , holding or autotomy Has opioid receptors and shows reduced responses to noxious stimuli when given analgesics and local anaesthetics Shows trade-offs between stimulus avoidance and other motivational requirements Shows avoidance learning Exhibits high cognitive ability and sentience", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ce8e3d912fd26e0f990c131c65956c8a", "text": "Notosuchus Notosuchus ( -LSB- noʊtəˈsjuːkəs -RSB- ` southern crocodile ' ) is an extinct genus of South American notosuchian crocodylomorph . It was terrestrial , living approximately 85 million years ago in the Coniacian or Santonian stages of the Late Cretaceous . Notosuchus was relatively small , reaching 1.5 m in length and a weight of 36 kg . Remains have been found in the Bajo de la Carpa Formation in Patagonia , Argentina . First named in 1896 , Notosuchus was the first known notosuchian . The type species is N. terrestris . A second species , N. lepidus , was named in 1957 . A paper published in 2008 by Fiorelli and Calvo described new remains of the type species N. terrestris . In it , the authors suggested that the skull would have supported a short trunk , or `` hog 's snout '' as well as fleshy upper and lower lips . The anteriorly directed nares and the absence of a bony nasal septum ( which presumably indicates cartilaginous tissue serving its place ) provide evidence for a trunk-like snout , while striations on the surface of the nasal bones and the lower jaw most likely acted as attachment points for the nasolabial muscles and the depressor muscle , respectively . Additionally , the authors suggested that a lateral rim on the dentary as well as numerous aligned neurovascular foramina are evidence of soft cheek-like muscular tissue . The function of the trunk was likely used for searching for food by sniffing the ground in a manner similar to extant suids and peccaries , while the cheeks would aid in mastication by preventing food loss .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "798532bb12c2b7fa3228558c4f1ded92", "text": "Ichthyology Ichthyology ( from Greek : ἰχθύς , ikhthus , `` fish '' ; and λόγος , logos , `` study '' ) , also known as fish science , is the branch of zoology devoted to the study of fish . This includes bony fish ( Osteichthyes ) , cartilaginous fish ( Chondrichthyes ) , and jawless fish ( Agnatha ) . While a large number of species have been discovered , approximately 250 new species are officially described by science each year . According to FishBase , 33,400 species of fish had been described by October 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0be7870d2eda8297955bb4ecd488fb92", "text": "Ambulacraria Ambulacraria or Coelomopora is a clade of invertebrate phyla which includes echinoderms and hemichordates ; a member of this group is called an ambulacrarian . The Ambulacraria are part of the deuterostomes , a larger clade that also includes the Chordata and Vetulicolia . The two living clades with representative organisms are : Echinodermata ( sea stars , sea urchins , brittle stars , sea cucumbers , feather stars , sea lilies , etc. . ) Hemichordata ( acorn worms , Pterobranchia , and possibly graptolites ) The group Xenoturbellida ( two species of worm-like animals ) has previously been considered to be in this clade , but is now considered to be placed more basally among Metazoans . Fossil taxa that may lie on the stem lineage : Superphylum Ambulacraria unranked clade Cambroernida † unranked clade = Eldoniida † Herpetogaster Caron , Conway Morris & Shu , 2010 - with one species : † Herpetogaster collinsi Caron , Conway Morris & Shu , 2010 † Rotadisciidae", "title": "" }, { "docid": "557d5f0ab01beab93eb5751465bab7e3", "text": "Agnatha Agnatha ( Greek , `` no jaws '' ) is a superclass of jawless fish in the phylum Chordata , subphylum Vertebrata , consisting of both present ( cyclostomes ) and extinct ( conodonts and ostracoderms ) species . The group excludes all vertebrates with jaws , known as gnathostomes . The agnathans as a whole are paraphyletic , because most extinct agnathans belong to the stem group of gnathostomes . Recent molecular data , both from rRNA and from mtDNA as well as embryological data strongly supports the hypothesis that living agnathans , the cyclostomes , are monophyletic . The oldest fossil agnathans appeared in the Cambrian , and two groups still survive today : the lampreys and the hagfish , comprising about 120 species in total . Hagfish are considered members of the subphylum Vertebrata , because they secondarily lost vertebrae ; before this event was inferred from molecular and developmental data , the group Craniata was created by Linnaeus ( and is still sometimes used as a strictly morphological descriptor ) to reference hagfish plus vertebrates . In addition to the absence of jaws , modern agnathans are characterised by absence of paired fins ; the presence of a notochord both in larvae and adults ; and seven or more paired gill pouches . Lampreys have a light sensitive pineal eye ( homologous to the pineal gland in mammals ) . All living and most extinct Agnatha do not have an identifiable stomach or any appendages . Fertilization and development are both external . There is no parental care in the Agnatha class . The Agnatha are ectothermic or cold blooded , with a cartilaginous skeleton , and the heart contains 2 chambers . While a few scientists still regard the living agnathans as only superficially similar , and argue that many of these similarities are probably shared basal characteristics of ancient vertebrates , recent classifications clearly place hagfish ( the Myxini or Hyperotreti ) , with the lampreys ( Hyperoartii ) as being more closely related to each other than either is to the jawed fishes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "113e76c4487d6742062d80f6863608fd", "text": "Ceratopsia Ceratopsia or Ceratopia ' ( -LSB- ˌsɛrəˈtɒpsiə -RSB- or -LSB- ˌsɛrəˈtoʊpiə -RSB- Greek : `` horned faces '' ) is a group of herbivorous , beaked dinosaurs that thrived in what are now North America , Europe , and Asia , during the Cretaceous Period , although ancestral forms lived earlier , in the Jurassic . The earliest known ceratopsian , Yinlong downsi , lived between 161.2 and 155.7 million years ago . The last ceratopsian species , Triceratops prorsus , became extinct during the Cretaceous -- Paleogene extinction event , . Early members of the ceratopsian group , such as Psittacosaurus , were small bipedal animals . Later members , including ceratopsids like Centrosaurus and Triceratops , became very large quadrupeds and developed elaborate facial horns and frills extending over the neck . While these frills might have served to protect the vulnerable neck from predators , they may also have been used for display , thermoregulation , the attachment of large neck and chewing muscles or some combination of the above . Ceratopsians ranged in size from 1 meter ( 3 ft ) and 23 kilograms ( 50 lb ) to over 9 meters ( 30 ft ) and 9,100 kg ( 20,100 lb ) . Triceratops is by far the best-known ceratopsian to the general public . It is traditional for ceratopsian genus names to end in '' - ceratops '' , although this is not always the case . One of the first named genera was Ceratops itself , which lent its name to the group , although it is considered a nomen dubium '' today as its fossil remains have no distinguishing characteristics that are not also found in other ceratopsians .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "45026b8b1a96fc97fdc12ac00170be7a", "text": "Cladogram A cladogram ( from Greek clados `` branch '' and gramma `` character '' ) is a diagram used in cladistics to show relations among organisms . A cladogram is not , however , an evolutionary tree because it does not show how ancestors are related to descendants , nor does it show how much they have changed ; many evolutionary trees can be inferred from a single cladogram . A cladogram uses lines that branch off in different directions ending at a clade , a groups of organisms with a last common ancestor . There are many shapes of cladograms but they all have lines that branch off from other lines . The lines can be traced back to where they branch off . These branching off points represent a hypothetical ancestor ( not an actual entity ) which can be inferred to exhibit the traits shared among the terminal taxa above it . This hypothetical ancestor might then provide clues about the order of evolution of various features , adaptation , and other evolutionary narratives about ancestors . Although traditionally such cladograms were generated largely on the basis of morphological characters , DNA and RNA sequencing data and computational phylogenetics are now very commonly used in the generation of cladograms , either on their own or in combination with morphology .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9095bdb6747d16a6e7c073005ddf7b18", "text": "Primate A primate ( -LSB- ˈpraɪmeɪt -RSB- ) is a mammal of the order Primates ( Latin : `` prime , first rank '' ) . In taxonomy , primates include two distinct lineages , strepsirrhines and haplorhines . Primates arose from ancestors that lived in the trees of tropical forests ; many primate characteristics represent adaptations to life in this challenging three-dimensional environment . Most primate species remain at least partly arboreal . With the exception of humans , who inhabit every continent , most primates live in tropical or subtropical regions of the Americas , Africa and Asia . They range in size from Madame Berthe 's mouse lemur , which weighs only 30 g , to the eastern gorilla , weighing over 200 kg ; that is , without taking into account the weight of particular human individuals , reaching up to 635 kg . Based on fossil evidence , the earliest known true primates , represented by the genus Teilhardina , date to 55.8 million years old . An early close primate relative known from abundant remains is the Late Paleocene Plesiadapis , c. 55 -- 58 million years old . Molecular clock studies suggest that the primate branch may be even older , originating near the Cretaceous -- Paleogene boundary or around 63 -- 74 mya . The order Primates was traditionally divided into two main groupings : prosimians and anthropoids ( simians ) . Prosimians have characteristics more like those of the earliest primates , and include the lemurs of Madagascar , lorisoids , and tarsiers . Simians include monkeys , apes and hominins . More recently , taxonomists have preferred to split primates into the suborder Strepsirrhini , or wet-nosed primates , consisting of non-tarsier prosimians , and the suborder Haplorhini , or dry-nosed primates , consisting of tarsiers and the simians . Simians are divided into two groups : catarrhine ( narrow-nosed ) monkeys and apes of Africa and Southeast Asia and platyrrhine ( `` flat-nosed '' ) or New World monkeys of South and Middle America . Catarrhines consist of Old World monkeys ( such as baboons and macaques ) , gibbons and great apes ; New World monkeys include the capuchin , howler and squirrel monkeys . Humans are the only extant catarrhines to have spread successfully outside of Africa , South Asia , and East Asia , although fossil evidence shows many other species were formerly present in Europe . New primate species are still being discovered . More than 25 species were taxonomically described in the decade of the 2000s and eleven have been described since 2010 . Considered generalist mammals , primates exhibit a wide range of characteristics . Some primates ( including some great apes and baboons ) are primarily terrestrial rather than arboreal , but all species possess adaptations for climbing trees . Locomotion techniques used include leaping from tree to tree , walking on two or four limbs , knuckle-walking , and swinging between branches of trees ( brachiation ) . Primates are characterized by large brains relative to other mammals , as well as an increased reliance on stereoscopic vision at the expense of smell , the dominant sensory system in most mammals . These features are more developed in monkeys and apes and noticeably less so in lorises and lemurs . Three-color vision has developed in some primates . Most also have opposable thumbs and some have prehensile tails . Many species are sexually dimorphic ; differences include body mass , canine tooth size , and coloration . Primates have slower rates of development than other similarly sized mammals and reach maturity later , but have longer lifespans . Depending on the species , adults may live in solitude , in mated pairs , or in groups of up to hundreds of members .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7a3f48b2596ce482fc7444b84bbf9511", "text": "Globidonta Globidonta is a clade of alligatoroids that includes alligators , caimans , and closely related extinct forms . It is defined as a stem-based clade including Alligator mississippiensis ( the American Alligator ) and all forms more closely related to it than to Diplocynodon . The group 's fossil range extends back into the Late Cretaceous with early alligatoroids such as Albertochampsa and Brachychampsa . Extinct globidontans were particularly common in North America and Eurasia , and their modern range also includes South America . The oldest known globidontan is Acynodon from France , which is also the most basal . Basal globidontans are characterized by their blunt snouts and bulbous teeth . Modern globidontans have flattened snouts and more conical teeth , and are seen as more generalized than earlier globidontans . Generalized forms are usually expected to be ancestral to more specialized forms rather than descendants of them , so it is unusual for basal members of the group to appear specialized . This seems to conflict with the `` Law of the Unspecialized '' first proposed by Edward Drinker Cope in 1894 . Under the Law of the Unspecialized , morphological change is always directed toward specialization , and specialized forms can never become `` unspecialized '' again . This pattern of change , while not seen in globidontans , can be observed in basal members of Alligatoroidea and Crocodyloidea . Flat-snouted globidontans occurred two times in the evolution of the clade : once in caimans and once in alligators . Alligator sinensis , the Chinese Alligator , has a snout that is somewhat blunt and could be considered specialized . However , its snout is not nearly as blunt as those of more basal globidontans such as Albertachampsa . If the last common ancestor of Diplocynodon and globidontans was more like Diplocynodon , it would have had a generalized snout shape . It is also possible that the generalized form of Diplocynodon may also have arisen from a specialized blunt-snouted ancestor . Baryphracta , a diplocynodontine closely related to Diplocynondon , has a blunt snout and may have been similar in appearance to such an ancestor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "04f63fe54b3d626f1f5b94f2774011e7", "text": "Kerygmachela Kerygmachela kierkegaardi was a blind nektonic organism from the Sirius Passet Lagerstätte , from Cambrian Greenland . Its anatomy strongly suggests that it , along with its relative Pambdelurion whittingtoni , was either an anomalocarid or a close relative thereof . The specific name , `` kierkegaardi '' honors Danish philosopher Søren Kierkegaard . It had a pair of well-developed anterior limbs that had long spines , and terminated in long , feeler-like cerci These limbs correspond to the traditional anterior feeding-limbs of other anomalocarids . The conical mouth opens up at the very base between these two limbs . It also had 11 pairs of lateral lobes ( used in swimming ) , along with 11 pairs of small legs at the lobes ' bases , and a posterior pair of cerci . The spiny anterior limbs suggest that it may have been a predator ; however , its small mouth suggests it would have been restricted to very small prey .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fb9394a7eec587b91a4faacd1ed674c3", "text": "Sister group A sister group or sister taxon is a phylogenetic term denoting the closest relatives of another given unit in an evolutionary tree . The expression is most easily illustrated by a cladogram : A , B , and C each represent a taxon : The sister group to A is B ; conversely , the sister group to B is A. Groups A and B , together with all other descendants of their most recent common ancestor , form the clade AB . The sister group to clade AB is C. The whole clade ABC is itself a subtree of a larger tree , which offers yet more sister group branches that are related but farther removed from the leaf nodes , such as A , B , and C. In cladistic standards , A , B , and C may represent specimens , species , taxon-groups , etc. . If they represent species , the term sister species is sometimes used . The term `` sister group '' is used in phylogenetic analysis , and only groups identified in the analysis are labeled as sister groups . An example is in birds , whose sister group is commonly cited as the crocodiles , but that is true only when dealing with extant taxa . The bird family tree is rooted in the dinosaurs , making for a number of extinct groups branching off before coming to the last common ancestor of birds and crocodiles . Thus , the term sister group must be seen as a relative term , with the caveat that the sister group is the closest relative only among the groups/species/specimens that are included in the analysis .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f988a11a48b8c98c4b17378f4e1cdd93", "text": "Predator trap A predator trap is a natural hazard such as a tar pit . Predators would become attracted to struggling animals that have become entrapped in viscous or glutinous material , such as a heavy sedimentary deposit or tar and , in the process , become entrapped themselves . More predators , scavengers , insects and birds become attracted to this mounting accumulation of carrion , until a wide variety of animals are caught and ultimately killed by the hazard . This may happen many times over . Typically , the number of lured predators will greatly outnumber the prey , thus providing the name . A famous example is the La Brea Tar Pits site . The Cleveland-Lloyd Dinosaur Quarry may yet prove to be a further example , although still nowadays it is debated if it 's a predator trap or not . The Gobi Desert dinosaur death traps may have been sauropod footprints that have been filled with a mixture of thick mud & sandstone in the former wetland .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "31d1c28158201e21d0adccdc2517e0a2", "text": "Hypoathroid The term hypoathroid ( Ancient Greek hypo - , `` under '' + - athroid , `` gathered together '' ) is used to describe the arrangement of ganglia in the nervous system of molluscs . In the hypoathroid state , the pleural ganglia of the `` chest '' and the pedal ganglia of the `` feet '' lie close to each other more or less underneath the gut , and they communicate with the cerebral ganglia via long connectives . It is a condition that is characteristic of the Archaeogastropoda clade , and represents one end of a three-part spectrum of such arrangements , the other two being the dystenoid system in which the pleural and cerebral ganglia are closer together but still distinctly separate , and the epiathroid condition in which the pleural , pedal , and cerebral ganglia all lie close together ( characteristic , for example , of the Mesogastropoda and Neogastropoda . The centralization of the nervous system generally is considered evidence of an evolutionary advancement among molluscs , while the more diffuse condition is viewed as a sign of evolutionary proximity to the hypothetical `` archimollusc '' ancestor of all molluscs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e3900b891cc52c96ef11d640d913f8d0", "text": "Cestoda Cestoda ( Cestoidea ) is a class of parasitic flatworms of the phylum Platyhelminthes . Biologists informally refer to them as cestodes . The best-known species are commonly called tapeworms . All cestodes are parasitic and their life histories vary , but typically they live in the digestive tracts of vertebrates as adults , and often in the bodies of other species of animals as juveniles . Over a thousand species have been described , and all vertebrate species may be parasitised by at least one species of tapeworm . Humans are subject to infection by several species of tapeworms if they eat undercooked meat such as pork ( Taenia solium ) , beef ( T. saginata ) , and fish ( Diphyllobothrium spp . ) , or if they live in , or eat food prepared in , conditions of poor hygiene ( Hymenolepis or Echinococcus species ) . T. saginata , the beef tapeworm , can grow up to 20 m ( 65 ft ) ; the largest species , the whale tapeworm Polygonoporus giganticus , can grow to over 30 m ( 100 ft ) . Species using small vertebrates as hosts , though , tend to be small . For example , vole and lemming tapeworms are only 13 - in length , and those parasitizing shrews only 0.8 - . Tapeworm parasites of vertebrates have a long history : recognizable clusters of cestode eggs , one with a developing larva , have been discovered in fossil feces ( coprolites ) of a shark dating to the mid - to late Permian , some 270 million years ago .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4de7c4a52e91882afa733fa910e79cc6", "text": "Mollusc shell The mollusc ( or molluskOften spelled mollusk shell in the USA ; the spelling `` mollusc '' are preferred by ) shell is typically a calcareous exoskeleton which encloses , supports and protects the soft parts of an animal in the phylum Mollusca , which includes snails , clams , tusk shells , and several other classes . Not all shelled molluscs live in the sea ; many live on the land and in freshwater . The ancestral mollusc is thought to have had a shell , but this has subsequently been lost or reduced on some families , such as the squid , octopus , and some smaller groups such as the caudofoveata and solenogastres , and the highly derived Xenoturbella . Today , over 100,000 living species bear a shell ; there is some dispute as to whether these shell-bearing molluscs form a monophyletic group ( conchifera ) or whether shell-less molluscs are interleaved into their family tree . Malacology , the scientific study of molluscs as living organisms , has a branch devoted to the study of shells , and this is called conchology -- although these terms used to be , and to a minor extent still are , used interchangeably , even by scientists ( this is more common in Europe ) . Within some species of molluscs , there is often a wide degree of variation in the exact shape , pattern , ornamentation , and color of the shell .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b6cba3a2e07ca438866dbb903a0cffe9", "text": "Ecdysozoa Ecdysozoa -LSB- ˌɛkdɪsoʊ-ˈzoʊə -RSB- is a group of protostome animals , including Arthropoda ( insects , chelicerata , crustaceans , and myriapods ) , Nematoda , and several smaller phyla . They were first defined by Aguinaldo et al. in 1997 , based mainly on phylogenetic trees constructed using 18S ribosomal RNA genes . A large study in 2008 by Dunn et al. strongly supported the Ecdysozoa as a clade , that is , a group consisting of a common ancestor and all its descendants . The group is also supported by morphological characters , and includes all animals that shed their exoskeleton ( see ecdysis ) . The group was initially contested by a significant minority of biologists . Some argued for groupings based on more traditional taxonomic techniques , while others contested the interpretation of the molecular data .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0d3496698342077a03aa9c50ec3fffeb", "text": "Vernanimalcula Vernanimalcula guizhouena is an acritarch dating from ; it was between 0.1 and 0.2 mm across ( roughly the width of one or two human hairs ) . Vernanimalcula means `` small spring animal '' , referring to its appearance in the fossil record at the end of the Marinoan Glaciation and the belief upon discovery it was an animal . The Vernanimalcula fossils were discovered in the Doushantuo Formation in China . This formation is a Konservat-Lagerstätte , one of the rare places where soft body parts and very fine details are preserved in the fossil record . The Vernanimalcula fossils were interpreted as showing a triploblastic structure , a coelom , a differentiated gut , a mouth , an anus , and paired external pits that were believed possible sense organs , making it the earliest known member of the Bilateria ( animals with bilateral symmetry , at least as embryos ) . The appearance of Vernanimalcula so early in the fossil record was believed to have had important implications if it were really bilaterian . The radiation of animals into many phyla would have occurred before any animal became much larger than microscopic size , making the sudden appearance of many animal phyla in the Cambrian explosion an illusion and merely represented a ( geologically ) sudden increase in size and the development of easily fossilised body parts by species in existing phyla . The description of Vernanimalcula as bilaterian has been strongly challenged . Other workers ( Bengtson , Budd and co-workers ) in the field have repeatedly claimed that Vernanimalcula is largely a taphonomic artefact generated by phosphate growth within a spherical object such as an acritarch , and thus Vernanimalcula was not even an animal , let alone a bilaterian . Chen et al. initially defended their interpretation of Vernanimalcula against the claims of Bengtson and Budd . Petryshyn et al. examined additional fossils resembling Vernanimalcula and concluded that the fossils are `` likely biogenic in nature . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "61628003e006b6f8466cbeb56189b048", "text": "Fish jaw Most bony fishes have two sets of jaws made mainly of bone . The primary oral jaws open and close the mouth , and a second set of pharyngeal jaws are positioned at the back of the throat . The oral jaws are used to capture and manipulate prey by biting and crushing . The pharyngeal jaws , so-called because they are positioned within the pharynx , are used to further process the food and move it from the mouth to the stomach . Cartilaginous fishes , such as sharks and rays , have one set of oral jaws made mainly of cartilage . They do not have pharyngeal jaws . Generally jaws are articulated and oppose vertically , comprising an upper jaw and a lower jaw and can bear numerous ordered teeth . Bony fishes usually develop only one set of teeth ( monophyodont ) . Cartilaginous fishes grow multiple sets ( polyphyodont ) and replace teeth as they wear . Jaws probably originated in the pharyngeal arches supporting the gills of jawless fish . The earliest jaws appeared in the now extinct placoderms and spiny sharks during the Silurian , about 430 million years ago . The original selective advantage offered by the jaw was probably not related to feeding , but to increased respiration efficiency -- the jaws were used in the buccal pump to pump water across the gills . The familiar use of jaws for feeding would then have developed as a secondary function before becoming the primary function in many vertebrates . All vertebrate jaws , including the human jaw , evolved from early fish jaws . The appearance of the early vertebrate jaw has been described as `` perhaps the most profound and radical evolutionary step in the vertebrate history '' . Fish without jaws had more difficulty surviving than fish with jaws , and most jawless fish became extinct . Jaws use linkage mechanisms . These linkages can be especially common and complex in the head of bony fishes , such as wrasses , which have evolved many specialized feeding mechanisms . Especially advanced are the linkage mechanisms of jaw protrusion . For suction feeding a system of linked four-bar linkages is responsible for the coordinated opening of the mouth and the three-dimensional expansion of the buccal cavity . Other linkages are responsible for protrusion of the premaxilla . Linkage systems are widely distributed in animals . The most thorough overview of the different types of linkages in animals has been provided by M. Muller , who also designed a new classification system , which is especially well suited for biological systems .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5315fc9dbc78c1ca54aab44a0cc0004b", "text": "Ostracod Ostracods , or ostracodes , are a class of the Crustacea ( class Ostracoda ) , sometimes known as seed shrimp . Some 70,000 species ( only 13,000 of which are extant ) have been identified , grouped into several orders . They are small crustaceans , typically around 1 mm in size , but varying from 0.2 to in the case of Gigantocypris . Their bodies are flattened from side to side and protected by a bivalve-like , chitinous or calcareous valve or `` shell '' . The hinge of the two valves is in the upper ( dorsal ) region of the body . Ostracods are grouped together based on gross morphology , but the group may not be monophyletic ; their molecular phylogeny remains ambiguous . Ecologically , marine ostracods can be part of the zooplankton or ( most commonly ) are part of the benthos , living on or inside the upper layer of the sea floor . Many ostracods , especially the Podocopida , are also found in fresh water , and terrestrial species of Mesocypris are known from humid forest soils of South Africa , Australia and New Zealand . They have a wide range of diets , and the group includes carnivores , herbivores , scavengers and filter feeders . As of 2008 , around 2000 species and 200 genera of nonmarine ostracods are found . However , a large portion of diversity is still undescribed , indicated by undocumented diversity hotspots of temporary habitats in Africa and Australia . Of the known specific and generic diversity of nonmarine ostracods , half ( 1000 species , 100 genera ) belongs to one family ( of 13 families ) , Cyprididae . Many Cyprididae occur in temporary water bodies and have drought-resistant eggs , mixed/parthenogenetic reproduction , and the ability to swim . These biological attributes preadapt them to form successful radiations in these habitats .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "615cabd5708e870dc511351a7d78501d", "text": "Evolution of reptiles Reptiles arose about 310 -- 320 million years ago during the Carboniferous period . Reptiles , in the traditional sense of the term , are defined as animals that have scales or scutes , lay land-based hard-shelled eggs , and possess ectothermic metabolisms . So defined , the group is paraphyletic , excluding endothermic animals like birds and mammals that are descended from early reptiles . A definition in accordance with phylogenetic nomenclature , which rejects paraphyletic groups , includes birds while excluding mammals and their synapsid ancestors . So defined , Reptilia is identical to Sauropsida . Though few reptiles today are apex predators , many examples of apex reptiles have existed in the past . Reptiles have an extremely diverse evolutionary history that has led to biological successes , such as dinosaurs , pterosaurs , plesiosaurs , mosasaurs , and ichthyosaurs .", "title": "" } ]	fever
9295c1e0ff66dfdc26f8b181647415be	BoA was a judge on K-pop Star 2.	[ { "docid": "a893da2a2c2391e63d62f6731008d760", "text": "K-pop Star 2 The second season of the South Korean reality television competition show K-pop Star premiered on SBS on November 18 , 2012 , airing Sunday evenings at 4:55 pm KST as part of the Good Sunday lineup . Yoon Do-hyun returned as host and narrator , and Boom returned as live host . Yang Hyun-suk , Park Jin-young , and BoA returned as judges . The season ended on April 6 , 2013 , with Akdong Musician crowned as winner and chose to sign with YG Entertainment . Contestants from the Top 10 of Season 2 returned for a special Dream Stage - Best of the Best episode on April 14 , 2013 , competing with contestants of Season 1 for the title of Overall Champion .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "96b784c6e5579c5b1dd1fa6df26c0e61", "text": "Superstar K4 Superstar K4 is the fourth season of the South Korean television talent show series Superstar K , which premiered on 17 August 2012 on M.net and airs every Friday night at 11PM KST . Lee Seung-Chul and Yoon Mi-Rae returned as judges , and were joined by singer/songwriter PSY who replaced Yoon Jong-Shin who had been a judge in the last two seasons . 2,083,447 applicants were recorded for this season , surpassing the record set by the previous season . This program ended on November 23 , 2012 with the announcement of Roy Kim as the winner and DickPunks as the runner-up .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "77e60d4a3a822bb44e6fd5d634343142", "text": "Korean Wave The Korean Wave ( , , a neologism literally meaning `` flow of Korea '' ) is the increase in global popularity of South Korean culture since the 1990s . First driven by the spread of K-dramas and K-pop across East , South and Southeast Asia during its initial stages , the Korean Wave evolved from a regional development into a global phenomenon , carried by the Internet and social media and the proliferation of K-pop music videos on YouTube . Since the turn of the 21st century , South Korea has emerged as a major exporter of popular culture and tourism , aspects which have become a significant part of its burgeoning economy . The growing popularity of Korean pop culture in many parts of the world has prompted the South Korean government to support its creative industries through subsidies and funding for start-ups , as a form of soft power and in its aim of becoming one of the world 's leading exporters of culture along with Japanese and British culture , a niche that the United States has dominated for nearly a century . During this time the Korean society began to be recognized as a developed country similar to that of the Western world . Part of the success of the Korean Wave owes in part to the development of social networking services and online video sharing platforms such as YouTube , which have allowed the Korean entertainment industry to reach a sizable overseas audience . Use of these media in facilitating promotion , distribution and consumption of various forms of Korean entertainment ( and K-pop in particular ) has contributed to their surge in worldwide popularity since the mid-2000s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "74929c7dca87ecc235d3903c07d8e440", "text": "Show Banga Show Banga is a rapper and songwriter from San Francisco , California . Currently signed to EMPIRE Recordings , he was releasing singles as early as 2011 on HomeTeam Entertainment , and in 2013 he released the deluxe edition of his album Do n't Stop Votin ' . Show Banga 's single `` Milli , '' which was produced by Dave-O of The A-Team , was released in 2014 . According to Rehab Online Magazine , `` Show Banga arguably has one of the most rare -LSB- rap -RSB- flows in the Bay Area , with ' I Been That ' being a contender for the rapper 's breakout cut . However , the bass-packed track ` Milli ' is pretty damn hard . '' In April 2015 , he released Mayor 4 Life on EMPIRE Recordings , with guest artists such as E-40 , Kool John , Sage The Gemini , and P-Lo . Show Banga has performed at festivals such as SXSW , and was on to tour with Iamsu ! in spring 2015 . On August 12 , 2016 , he released his technical sophomore album , Showtime 2 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e9f9c8cfca09d55aa6c94467ed8612ba", "text": "Pinoy Dream Academy: Little Dreamers The second season of Pinoy Dream Academy formally began on June 14 , 2008 . Nikki Gil and Toni Gonzaga reprise their roles as hosts of the show , but Gonzaga now handles the main hosting plum while Gil appears both on the Probation Nights and Little Dreamers Gala/Expulsion Night . Billy Crawford has joined this season as the host of the late afternoon edition Pinoy Dream Academy Überture . A new logo is also used for this season , having an old-fashioned microphone and the word `` Dream '' using a different font than the rest of the title . Also , a new version of the theme song Awit ng Pangarap sung by first season winner Yeng Constantino is being used for this season , although the original version was also used , especially during Gala Nights . New to this season was a `` Little Dreamers '' competition for children aged 6 to 10 . On July 6 , 2008 , twelve children were chosen to become the Academy 's resident Little Scholars . In this end , a new puppet named Billilit ( portmanteau of `` Billy '' and bulilit or kid ) joins the show as semi-host and Billy 's sidekick on Übertube as far as any topic regarding this side competition is concerned . The Little Dreamers competition continued for several weekends after the season finale of the second season for the `` adults '' on September 13 and 14 , 2008 . The Little Dreamers took part on the said season finale despite this . The competition ended on October 5 , 2008 at the Dolphy Theatre of the ABS-CBN building .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cfeae0bad2be61ade13bd55425ff5d3d", "text": "Superstar (Brazilian TV series) Superstar ( also stylized SuperStar ) is a Brazilian live reality television singing competition airing on Rede Globo . Based on the Israeli singing competition Rising Star , the series was created by Keshet Media Group and developed by Screenz Cross Media LTD. . The show 's format lets viewers vote for contestants via mobile apps . The winner is entitled to a R$ 500.000 prize , a new Ford Ka and a recording contract with Som Livre . The Brazilian version only allows bands or groups to compete , not solo artists and duos , to avoid clashing with The Voice Brasil ( also produced and broadcast by Rede Globo during the Southern Hemisphere spring ) . The series premiered on April 6 , 2014 . On June 2014 , Rede Globo renewed the show for a second season .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b6aafae849444f229eb64f9997010897", "text": "Psy discography This is the discography of the South Korean idol Psy . He is well known for his humorous videos and stage performances , and for his hit single `` Gangnam Style '' , a song about where he came from and which talks about the life of the people of Gangnam , which is a neighborhood in Seoul , South Korea . In January 2001 , Psy debuted with his full-length album Psy from the Psycho World ! , for which he received a fine due to accusations that the album contained `` inappropriate content '' . He released his controversial second album , Sa 2 , in 2002 , which sparked complaints from concerned civil groups due to the potentially negative influence his album would have on children and teenagers . Since then , Psy has been thought of as a controversial artist , and Sa 2 was banned in 2002 from being sold to those under the age of 19 . Later in September the same year , Psy released his third album 3 Mai . The album 's title song , `` Champion '' , saw great success partly due to the hype from the World Cup games held in Seoul . Despite the significant amount of controversy surrounding his music , Psy was awarded with songwriting accolades at the annually held Seoul Music Awards , which marked his breakthrough in the music industry of South Korea . In 2006 , Psy released his 4th album Sa Jib , which won honors at the 2006 SBS Music Awards and the Mnet Asian Music Awards . Psy released his 5th album PsyYFive in 2010 , but its lead single `` Right Now '' was banned by South Korea 's Ministry of Gender Equality and Family for its `` obscene '' lyrics . Despite his lead single being banned , Psy received awards during the 2011 Melon Music Awards and Mnet Asian Music Awards . Prior to the release of `` Gangnam Style '' , Psy had topped domestic music charts half a dozen times throughout his 12-year career , according to Billboard . In July 2012 , PSY released his 6th album Psy 6 ( Six Rules ) , Part 1 and the song `` Gangnam Style '' appeared in broadcasting networks and newspapers outside Asia . On August 14 , `` Gangnam Style '' ranked first on YouTube 's ` Most Viewed Videos ' monthly chart ; it has received over 2 billion on YouTube ( the first to reach this mark and currently the number one viewed video in YouTube 's history ) . His single , `` Gentleman '' , was released on April 12 , 2013 in 119 countries .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "857b14f974d63b219dec0be0d3d46946", "text": "Holland's Got Talent Holland 's Got Talent ( often referred to as HGT ) is a Dutch talent that first seen on SBS 6 and later on RTL 4 , the talent , the Dutch version of Britain 's Got Talent The first season began in March 2008 . In this television program looks for a new talent of all ages . There is not specifically looking for a singer like X Factor and Popstars . The auditions of this television program will take place on a stage in front of a large audience . The jury consists of Chantal Janzen , Gordon Heuckeroth and Dan Karaty . The first two seasons of Holland 's Got Talent were presented by Gerard Joling . Robert ten Brink . presented season 3 t / m 7 and from season eight will Johnny de Mol present the program because Robert ten Brink is too busy its own programs and the program is due for a freshening . Candidates must have their `` talent '' for the jury and an audience and show the jury assesses the performance and talent is good enough for the live shows . Eventually compete for the last 40 candidates / acts in the three or four live shows to the finals . To date , there are seven winners : Danielle Bubberman , Tessa Kersten , Martin Hurkens , Aliyah Kolf , DDF Crew , Amira Willighagen and Leon Lissitza . Each winner received a different price . SBS 6 first chose the name Got Talent , it is nevertheless later changed to Holland 's Got Talent . SBS 6 made on March 16 , 2010 announced that the station will not adopt a new season of Holland 's Got Talent . The program was officially adopted in 2010 by RTL . The original lineup of the jury panel consisted of Henkjan Smits , Patricia and Robert Paay Ronday . After the show was taken over by another station had Smits and Ronday forced to say goodbye to the show . They were then replaced by Idols and X Factor judge Gordon Heuckeroth and So You Think You Can Dance judge Dan Karaty .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a8759f88745860204a7ff3b44eebac8d", "text": "2002 Mnet Music Video Festival The 2002 Mnet Music Video Festival ( MMF ) was the fourth of the annual music awards in Seoul , South Korea that took place on November 29 , 2002 at the Little Angels Arts Center . Leading the nominees was BoA with three nominations . By the end of the ceremony , BoA was the only one to receive multiple awards , which is 2 out of her three nominations .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fdb3d889bab0895bcf1c285084addc2d", "text": "Singing Battle – Victory Singing Battle -- Victory is a 2016 South Korean television program hosted by Hyun Woo . It began to air on KBS2 every Fridays at 20:30 ( KST ) starting October 21 , 2016 . Season 1 's last episode was broadcast on May 19 , 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d44e1aa3eee906d0c7f036d8a45a1b69", "text": "Two Yoo Project Sugar Man Two Yoo Project - Sugar Man is a 2015 South Korean television program starring Yoo Jae-suk , You Hee-yeol , Kim Eana and Sandara Park . The original 2-episode pilot aired at 22:50 ( KST ) on Wednesday ( August 19 & 26 , 2015 ) under the name Two Yoo Project Searching For Sugar Man . The regular broadcast kicked off beginning October 20 , 2015 , every Tuesday at 22:50 ( KST ) . The idea for the program began with the documentary Searching For Sugar Man , which refers to the 2012 Swedish-British documentary about American musician Sixto Rodriguez , who faded into obscurity in the United States but somehow ended up as a megastar in South Africa . The program revolves around the battle of two teams led by Yoo Jae-suk and Yoo Hee-yeol . Each team will brings back a `` Sugar Man '' : the singer who was a one-hit wonder , but has since disappeared from the public eye . The two teams recreate the old song , `` Sugar Song '' , into new versions which will make them appealing to today 's music market . To relive their glory , the songs will be recreated by each producer from each team with today 's artist , `` Show Man '' , who are slated to change every episode .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c5c2030fb6dc9ccdd11ed9b35514f853", "text": "Rising Star (album) Rising Star is the second mini-album by South Korean singer Taegoon . It was released on May 13 , 2009 . Taegoon received intensive vocal training from Wheesung during the preparations of this album and worked closely with him during the production . Wheesung also wrote and composed the songs '' 슈퍼스타 '' and '' 네까짓 게 ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9a0e45d4204605a24887488e0c100aee", "text": "Hwang Chi-yeul Hwang Chi Yeul , ( , -LSB- ˈhʊɑːŋ tʃɪjɔːl -RSB- born 3 December 1982 ) is a South Korean musician , singer , songwriter and TV show host of Immortal Songs 2 and he competed in I Am a Singer ( season 4 ) , placed 3rd in the finals . Hwang is his family name and Chi Yeul is given name , also known as Hwang Chi Yeol . He made his official debut in 2007 , releasing two albums - a digital single album titled 치열 ( Chi Yeul , 致列 ) and an album titled 오감 ( Five senses , 五感 ) - in the same year . He appeared on various TV and radio shows for about one year after his debut , but had to disappear from the stage since his previous management company closed the business due to financial difficulties . He spent his twenties working part-time jobs , and taught at music schools as a vocal coach for a living until late 2014 . In March 2015 , he appeared in I Can See Your Voice on Mnet Korea after a writer of the show requested him to participate in it . His success after the episode aired became the significant turning point in his life , making him known . Other TV shows such as Immortal Songs : Singing the Legend 2 , Radio Star , I Live Alone , Knowing Bros , Happy Together then requested him to appear on their shows . Hunan TV in China invited him to participate in I Am a Singer ( season 4 ) . In Hwang Chi Yeul 's introduction video for I Am a Singer ( season 4 ) , he said , `` I moved up to Seoul from my hometown 10 years ago to make my dream come true . I taught as a vocal coach for a living and have n't let go of the music . I went through tough patch and so many times I was thinking about giving up , but I always kept my small dream of becoming a singer in my heart and I hoped that I would be singing in front of many people someday . Now I want to let many people hear my voice . I am Hwang Chi Yeul . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5189d9070ca92809665c05ecea905701", "text": "Koo Jun-hoe Koo Jun-hoe ( Hangul : 구준회 , born March 31 , 1997 ) is a South Korean singer . He is a member of the South Korean boy group iKON , signed under YG Entertainment . He appeared on the 2013 Mnet reality survival programme WIN : Who Is Next as part of `` Team B '' , competing against other YG Entertainment trainees for the chance to debut as a group . He went on to appear in the 2014 follow-up programme Mix & Match , which determined the lineup of iKON , along with bandmates B.I , Bobby , Jinhwan , Donghyuk , Yunhyeong and Chanwoo .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2e10ab770c9cd2e300abd68e8226b579", "text": "The Voice Indonesia The Voice Indonesia is a reality television singing competition created by John de Mol which premiered in Indonesia on 10 February 2013 on Indosiar . The format is Dutch and the original Dutch version of the programme was broadcast in the Netherlands for the first time in 2010 as The Voice of Holland . The show replaced the previous singing contest show Akademi Fantasi Indosiar . Season 2 will be aired in the RCTI . RCTI once again appointed Fabian Dharmawan to produce The Voice Indonesia after successful seasons with Indonesian Idol , X Factor Indonesia and Sasuke Ninja Warrior Indonesia . This program replaces the previous programs singing talent contest , Indonesian Idol because the broadcast is over from 2004 to 2014 and now otherwise been removed from list of programs RCTI . Indosiar dropped The Voice Indonesia after the first season due to poor ratings . In 2016 , the RCTI won the rights to the show , and a second season went into production . The original judging panel line-up in 2013 consisted of Armand Maulana , Giring Ganesha , Glenn Fredly and Sherina Munaf . When the show was revived in 2016 , the judging panel was replaced by Ari Lasso , Agnez Mo , Kaka `` Slank '' and Judika . The programme was commissioned after a successful first series in the US , where the programme aired on NBC . It will be produced by RCTI in Indonesia . The winner receives Rp 100,000,000 , a car , and a record deal with Universal Music Indonesia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a14f99c0471bbc96e617684c28157b0", "text": "Mel B Melanie Janine Brown ( born 29 May 1975 ) , better known as Mel B or Melanie B , is an English singer , songwriter , presenter , television personality , dancer , actress , author , and model . Brown rose to fame as a member of the girl group the Spice Girls , in which she became known as Scary Spice . Brown is also known for supporting girl power and earlier global tours , which grossed an estimated $ 500 -- 800 million between 1996 and 2000 . Brown began her solo career when she released `` I Want You Back '' with Missy Elliott on Virgin Records . The single charted at number one on the UK Singles Chart , followed by the release of her debut album , Hot ( 2000 ) . The album also saw the release of two top 10 singles `` Tell Me '' and `` Feels So Good '' . L.A. State of Mind was Brown 's second studio album , released in 2005 on the independent label Amber Café , which saw the release of one single , `` Today '' in June that year . In mid-2012 , Brown announced a return to her solo recording career with the release of her third studio album by signing with EMI Music Australia . The scope of the deal with EMI office includes concessions for global partnering with EMI . The first single from the album , `` For Once in My Life '' was released in September 2013 , becoming Brown 's first record to be released after eight years . Since 2000 , Brown has concentrated on a variety of non-singing projects . She became the presenter of shows such as This Is My Moment , Top of the Pops , Party in the Park and The All Star Animal Awards . In September 2007 , she became a contestant on the fifth season of the American dance competition , Dancing with the Stars ; in which she placed runner-up overall partnered with Maksim Chmerkovskiy . Brown returned to television work becoming a judge for the Australian version of The X Factor from 2011 to 2012 , replacing Kyle Sandilands and having previously been a celebrity mentor on the show in 2010 . In June 2012 , she was a guest judge during the Manchester auditions for the ninth series of The X Factor UK , as one of the temporary replacements for Kelly Rowland ; before the role eventually went to Nicole Scherzinger . She later joined The X Factor UK for its eleventh series in 2014 . During this time she became the female co-host for Dancing with the Stars Australia , in which she hosted the twelfth season alongside Daniel MacPherson . However , Brown resigned from the show and did not return for the thirteenth season in 2013 . In February that year , she officially signed on to become one of the four judges for the variety talent show America 's Got Talent , replacing Sharon Osbourne from the eighth season onwards . On 1 February 2014 , she was revealed to be a coach on The Voice Kids in Australia , which aired in mid-2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c1432054e97b0579cb18fee68b469216", "text": "Make Me a Supermodel (season 2) Make Me a Supermodel , Season 2 , premiered on March 4 , 2009 , is the second season of Make Me a Supermodel . It is broadcast on Bravo . The new season started with higher than expected ratings after a much publicized campaign on blog sites , bus stops , and shopping malls . A casting special aired prior to the second season opener , featuring many models being photographed , critiqued on the runway , and sent away until only the final choices for the season remained . The casting special premiered in February 2009 . Major changes were made the second season , including viewer voting taken out , with the judges deciding who 's eliminated and the winner of the entire show . The number of contestants was also increased from 14 to 16 and reduced the final 4 to only 3 finalists in the finale episode . The judging panel was also completely revamped . Former model Jenny Shimizu , along with fashion photographer Perou , one of the judges in the original British version , French fashion designer Catherine Malandrino and international model scout Marlon Stoltzman all joined as judges . Beckford was no longer a judge , and instead became the sole host of the show and the mentor of the male competitors . Australian model Nicole Trunfio replaced Niki Taylor and became the mentor of the female competitors . Lastly , every week , the featured photographer would choose a model they felt worked the photo shoot the best , and that winning model and their pick would get to go on a casting . The winner of the competition received a $ 100,000 , a fashion pictorial in Cosmopolitan , and a 1-year contract with New York Model Management . The winner of the competition was 18-year-old Branden Rickman from Central Point , Oregon , making him the youngest and first male model to win the show .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd5af43ad941940ab4010dc233751915", "text": "Got to Believe (season 2) Got to Believe started its second season storyline half-way of its 108th episode that was aired in the Philippines on January 22 , 2014 with the title , `` The New Chapter '' . Same with season 1 , each episode titles that appear at the intertitle were being used as official hashtags for the micro-blogging site Twitter . Season 2 had some of its scenes filmed in Singapore and this was also weaved into the narrative of the series . Chichay , Joaquin , Alex and Juliana were seen around the country 's famous places such as Merlion Park , The Helix Bridge , Marina Barrage , Gardens by the Bay , Haji Lane and Singapore Botanic Gardens . Being the final season , the television series concluded on March 7 , 2014 with the title `` Best Ending Ever '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "57b336d136a5c21aded2283cfdf12465", "text": "Ssa2 Ssa2 ( 싸2 ) is the second album by South Korean singer PSY . The album was released on January 1 , 2002 . The album contains 16 songs . The album was also released worldwide through iTunes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1554539a62c303ff8228b148c74217f5", "text": "El Gran Show 2016: Reyes del Show Reyes del Show ( Show Kings ) is the original spin off of the Peruvian TV series El Gran Show This season will join the top three couples of the two first seasons . In addition it was confirmed that added new couples in this season , being the second time ( The first time was in `` Reyes del Show 2015 '' ) in the history of the program participants would be added in the seasons of `` The Reyes Show '' performed in each annual edition . Began on October 29 , 2016 . In this season , Belén Estévez and Maricielo Effio , former participants of the program , returned to face the couples in the `` Versus dance '' during the fifth and sixth weeks respectively . In addition , having a total of 8 episodes , this season Turns into the season `` Kings of the show '' with more number of episodes , instead of 7 as in previous ones . On December 17 , 2016 , Rosángela Espinoza and Lucas Piró were crowned champions , Thiago Cunha and Thati Lira were in second place while Fiorella Cayo and Jimy Garcia were third . This would be the second victory of Espinoza , becoming the second bicampeona of the program , along with Belén Estévez who won in El Gran Show ( season 2 ) of 2010 and Reyes del Show of 2011 , and the first participant in the history of the program to win twice in a same year . At the same time , Piró became the first professional dancer to win two seasons .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "677b7f892d1bd84d6af79721ff35c424", "text": "RuPaul's Drag Race (season 2) The second season of RuPaul 's Drag Race premiered on February 1 , 2010 , and aired its final episode on April 26 , 2010 . On May 1 , 2009 , the casting website for the series opened , allowing prospective contestants to create user profiles and upload videos of themselves to be voted on by viewers ; the applicant collecting the most votes being invited to become a contestant of the second season . At the end of the online casting period , Jessica Wild had collected the most votes and was announced as being a season two contestant . Filming took place during the summer of 2009 . For season two , the number of contestants was increased from nine to twelve , and the prizes were slightly modified : a lifetime supply of NYX Cosmetics and be the face of nyxcosmetics.com , an exclusive one year public relations contract with LGBT firm Project Publicity , be featured an LA Eyeworks campaign , join the Logo Drag Race tour , and a cash prize of $ 25,000 . A new tradition of writing a farewell message , in lipstick on their workstation mirror , was started by the first eliminated queen of the season . Each week 's episode is followed by a behind-the-scenes show , RuPaul 's Drag Race Untucked . The theme song playing during the runway and the end credits every episode is `` Jealous of My Boogie '' from RuPaul 's album Champion . The winner of the second season of RuPaul 's Drag Race was Tyra Sanchez with Raven being the Runner-Up . Shangela Laquifa Wadley returned to Season 3 as a surprise to compete with the other 12 drag queens . She placed 6th overall . Jujubee , Pandora Boxx and Raven competed on the first season of All Stars . Pandora placed 11/12th with fellow season 3 contestant Mimi Imfurst , Jujubee placed 3rd/4th with fellow season 1 contestant Shannel and Raven was the runner-up . Tatianna competed on the second season of All Stars and initially finished in 8th place . She returned to the competition after winning re-entry with Alyssa Edwards and placed 6th overall . On December 6 , 2011 , Amazon.com released this season on DVD via their CreateSpace program .", "title": "" } ]	fever
45e11f8480395c90247d44081a345a59	Captain America: The Winter Soldier was exclusively based on a story by Ernest Hemingway.	[ { "docid": "af5e1dcdd7e3d65a5498e5783e822666", "text": "Captain America: The Winter Soldier Captain America : The Winter Soldier is a 2014 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Captain America , produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures . It is the sequel to 2011 's Captain America : The First Avenger and the ninth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) . The film was directed by Anthony and Joe Russo , with a screenplay by Christopher Markus & Stephen McFeely , who had also written The First Avenger . It stars Chris Evans as Captain America , leading an ensemble cast that includes Scarlett Johansson , Sebastian Stan , Anthony Mackie , Cobie Smulders , Frank Grillo , Emily VanCamp , Hayley Atwell , Robert Redford , and Samuel L. Jackson . In Captain America : The Winter Soldier , Captain America , Black Widow , and Falcon join forces to uncover a conspiracy within S.H.I.E.L.D. while facing a mysterious assassin known as the Winter Soldier . A major influence in The Winter Soldier was conspiracy fiction from the 1970s such as Three Days of the Condor , with the script also drawing from the Winter Soldier story arc written by Ed Brubaker . The script was written in 2011 , with the Russo brothers entering negotiations to direct in June 2012 and casting beginning the following month . Principal photography commenced in April 2013 in Los Angeles , California before moving to Washington , D.C. and Cleveland , Ohio . While the directors aimed for more realism , with focus on practical effects and intense stunt work , 2,500 visual effects shots were done by six different companies . Captain America : The Winter Soldier premiered in Los Angeles on March 13 , 2014 . It was released internationally on March 26 , 2014 , and in North America on April 4 , 2014 , in 2D , 3D , and IMAX 3D . The film became a critical and commercial success , grossing over $ 714 million worldwide . It also received an Academy Award nomination for Best Visual Effects . A sequel titled Captain America : Civil War also directed by the Russo brothers was released on May 6 , 2016 .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "826e50e479422a30de530e9ffa086434", "text": "Under My Skin (film) Under My Skin is a 1950 American film directed by Jean Negulesco , starring John Garfield and Micheline Presle . It is based on the short story `` My Old Man '' , by Ernest Hemingway , about a jockey being threatened by a mobster after winning a race he had agreed to throw . The Hemingway story was later adapted for a 1979 CBS television movie , My Old Man , starring Kristy McNichol , Warren Oates , and Eileen Brennan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ef98b72307869985ee17426f76783e65", "text": "The Eternal Sea The Eternal Sea ( aka The Admiral Hoskins Story ) is a 1955 American war film directed by John H. Auer and starring Sterling Hayden , Alexis Smith and Ben Cooper . After an American naval officer loses his leg at the Battle of Leyte Gulf , he resists attempts to retire him and continues in the service after learning to cope with his disability . He goes on to be promoted to admiral and commands an aircraft carrier during the Korean War . The Eternal Sea was one of a number of more ambitious productions by Republic Pictures , which had traditionally made low-budget second features . Its release was undermined by the studio 's growing financial problems which led to its eventual closure in 1959 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ad37f589360f4421013af579a688be89", "text": "Base Details Base Details is a war poem by the English war poet Siegfried Sassoon . In the poem Sassoon condemns what he saw as the incompetence and callous indifference to the soldiers at the front displayed by the staff officers , or `` scarlet majors '' of the British Army , who stayed at the Base `` Guzzling and gulping in the best hotel '' and sending `` glum heroes up the line to death '' . Like so many of Sassoon 's poems `` Base Details '' is bitterly sarcastic and utterly derisive of the comfortable establishment that supported the continuation of the war while showing little concern for the people who suffered its consequences . It took place during World War I in France around 1914-1918 . The theme is anger and bitterness . This is an attack on those who start wars and send their fellow men to their death . These army officers plan battles from safety of base , and are usually not involved in the fighting . The first two Quartiles are talking about the Majors , in a very sarcastic way , and the last Couplet talks about how the war is n't actually a joke , that it is very serious .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3956b36e142193663a071c5d71be9ad8", "text": "Edgar Rice Burroughs, Inc. Edgar Rice Burroughs , Inc. is an American company founded in 1923 by author Edgar Rice Burroughs . It is based in Tarzana , California . The company holds the rights to the literary works of Burroughs that are still protected by copyright ( a number of Burroughs ' early works have passed out of copyright and consequently are in the public domain ) . Burroughs was one of the first artists to incorporate , which he did for tax reasons and for more control over his works . Burroughs ' books were published through the company from 1931 ( Tarzan the Invincible ) through 1948 ( Llana of Gathol ) , with one additional title ( I Am a Barbarian ) appearing in 1967 . The company remains in the ownership of the Burroughs family and manages and licenses Burroughs ' works and characters , including Tarzan and John Carter of Mars .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "23d99499c1e2a9b0073952baf8446831", "text": "Soldier's Home `` Soldier 's Home '' is a short story by Ernest Hemingway . It was included in the 1925 Contact Collection of Contemporary Writers and published by Boni & Liveright in Hemingway 's 1925 New York collection short stories , In Our Time . It was adapted to a PBS television movie in 1977 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7d2866fa121be7465110879117fdde7a", "text": "The Three-Day Blow `` The Three-Day Blow '' is a short story written by Ernest Hemingway , published in the 1925 New York edition of In Our Time , by Boni & Liveright . The story is the fourth in the collection to feature Nick Adams , Hemingway 's autobiographical alter ego .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "880eb377554c85df414a0e18725fcdfd", "text": "The Endless Summer The Endless Summer is a seminal 1966 surf movie ( the initial release was in 1964 , world-wide release was 1966 ) . Filmmaker/narrator Bruce Brown follows two surfers , Mike Hynson and Robert August , on a surfing trip around the world . Despite the balmy climate of their native California , cold ocean currents make local beaches inhospitable during the winter . They travel to the coasts of Australia , New Zealand , Tahiti , Hawaii , Senegal , Ghana , Nigeria and South Africa in a quest for new surf spots and introduce locals to the sport . Other important surfers of the time , such as Miki Dora , Phil Edwards and Butch Van Artsdalen also appear . Its title comes from the idea , expressed at both the beginning and end of the film , that if one had enough time and money it would be possible to follow the summer up and down the world ( northern to southern hemisphere and back ) , making it endless . The concept of the film was born through the suggestion of a travel agent to Bruce Brown during the planning stages of the film . The travel agent suggested that the flight from Los Angeles to Cape Town , South Africa and back would cost $ 50 more than a trip circumnavigating the world . After which , Bruce came up with the idea of following the summer season by traveling up and down the world . The narrative presentation eases from the stiff and formal documentary of the 1950s and early 1960s to a more casual and fun-loving personal style filled with sly humor . The surf rock soundtrack to the film was provided by The Sandals . The `` Theme to the Endless Summer '' was written by Gaston Georis and John Blakeley of the Sandals . It has become one of the best known film themes in the surf movie genre . When the movie was first shown , it encouraged many surfers to go abroad , giving birth to the `` surf-and-travel '' culture , with prizes for finding `` uncrowded surf '' , meeting new people and riding the perfect wave . It also introduced the sport , which had become popular outside of Hawaii and the Polynesian Islands in places like California and Australia , to a broader audience . In addition , it set the style for later surf-and-travel movies , including Momentum , ( These Are ) Better Days , and Thicker Than Water .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "328191707cb2caefb02aa3da0e77d129", "text": "Che Ti Dice La Patria? `` Che ti dice la Patria ? '' is a short story by American author Ernest Hemingway set in Italy . The story is about a journey near Savona during Mussolini 's time in power . Originally titled Italy -- 1927 , it records a journey marked by `` ten days of disappointing weather , unpleasant interactions with the locals , and bad food '' . It is Hemingway 's `` scathing attack on Fascism '' . Under the new title , the story was later included in the collection Men Without Women ( 1927 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "550c68a373af0337f9959415d4ece73e", "text": "Cool Hand Luke Cool Hand Luke is a 1967 American prison drama film directed by Stuart Rosenberg , starring Paul Newman and featuring George Kennedy in an Oscar-winning performance . Newman stars in the title role as Luke , a prisoner in a Florida prison camp who refuses to submit to the system . The film , set in the early 1950s , is based on Donn Pearce 's 1965 novel of the same name . Pearce sold the story to Warner Bros. , who then hired him to write the script . Due to Pearce 's lack of film experience , the studio added Frank Pierson to rework the screenplay . Newman 's biographer Marie Edelman Borden states that the `` tough , honest '' script drew together threads from earlier movies , especially Hombre , Newman 's earlier film of 1967 . The film has been cited by Roger Ebert as an anti-establishment film which was shot during the time of the Vietnam War , in which Newman 's character endures `` physical punishment , psychological cruelty , hopelessness and equal parts of sadism and masochism . '' His influence on his prison mates and the torture that he endures is compared to that of Jesus , and Christian symbolism is used throughout the film , culminating in a photograph superimposed over crossroads at the end of the film in comparison to the crucifixion . Filming took place on the San Joaquin River Delta , and the set , imitating a southern prison farm , was built in Stockton , California . The filmmakers sent a crew to Tavares Road Prison in Tavares , Florida , to take photographs and measurements . Upon its release , Cool Hand Luke received favorable reviews and became a box-office success . The film cemented Newman 's status as one of the era 's top box-office actors , while the film was described as the `` touchstone of an era . '' Newman was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor , George Kennedy won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor , Pearce and Pierson were nominated for the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay , and the score by Lalo Schifrin was also nominated for the Best Original Score . In 2005 , the United States Library of Congress selected it for the National Film Registry , considering it to be `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant . '' It has a 100 % rating on the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes . The quotation used by the prison warden ( Strother Martin ) in the film , which begins with `` What we 've got here is failure to communicate , '' was listed at No. 11 on the American Film Institute 's list of the 100 most memorable movie lines .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c843139c9cf72cd020f44a748fe6fdfb", "text": "The Tell-Tale Heart (1941 film) The Tell-Tale Heart is a 1941 American drama film , 20 minutes long , directed by Jules Dassin . The screenplay by Doane R. Hoag is based on the 1843 short story of the same title by Edgar Allan Poe . The film marked Dassin 's directorial debut after working as an assistant to Alfred Hitchcock and Garson Kanin . It is typical of the short film adaptations of literary classics studios produced to precede the feature film during the 1930s and 1940s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f9bc5e3a4258ac87832fd974a94731f0", "text": "Irving Goff Irving Goff ( 1900 - 17 May 1989 ) was a member of the Communist Party USA and the Abraham Lincoln Battalion , a unit that volunteered to fight during the Spanish Civil War for the Popular Front . During World War II , he was a member of the American Office of Strategic Services , and was instrumental in setting up guerrilla units working behind enemy lines in North Africa and Italy . His exploits as a guerrilla in Spain are considered to be the inspiration for Ernest Hemingway 's novel For Whom the Bell Tolls .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f1967e5336bb92486aeb166b7bf69418", "text": "Ernest Thayer Ernest Lawrence Thayer ( August 14 , 1863 -- August 21 , 1940 ) was an American writer and poet who wrote the poem `` Casey '' ( or `` Casey at the Bat '' ) , which is `` the single most famous baseball poem ever written '' according to the Baseball Almanac , and `` the nation 's best-known piece of comic verse -- a ballad that began a native legend as colorful and permanent as that of Johnny Appleseed or Paul Bunyan . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5b7ce1ec634851385a1f459a37930a9d", "text": "Ernest Hemingway International Billfishing Tournament The Ernest Hemingway International Billfishing Tournament is an annual fishing tournament held in Cuba . The tournament was established by American author Ernest Hemingway in 1950 . Regularly held in May or June , it has been described as the `` highlight of Cuba 's fishing year '' and regularly attracts anglers from as many as 30 countries . Hemingway won the first three editions of the tournament . Mina Hemingway , Ernest Hemingway 's granddaughter , has twice won the tournament . In 1960 , Fidel Castro won the event ; Hemingway 's presentation of the trophy to Castro marked the only time the two met . As of 2016 , the four-day tournament was sanctioned by the International Game Fish Association with competitors limited to 36 kilogram test line . Since 1997 it has been a catch and release tournament . The event is based out of the Hemingway International Yacht Club in Havana .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ee4809293171855f2eae21627dd7f789", "text": "W. C. Heinz W. C. Heinz ( January 11 , 1915February 27 , 2008 ) , born Wilfred Charles Heinz , was an American sportswriter , war correspondent , journalist , and author .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4beac6dbfaa6044aa46d5576f8875161", "text": "Attack (1956 film) Attack , also known as Attack ! , is a 1956 American war film . It was directed by Robert Aldrich and starred Jack Palance , Eddie Albert , Lee Marvin , William Smithers , Robert Strauss , Richard Jaeckel , Buddy Ebsen and Peter van Eyck . The cinematographer was Joseph Biroc . `` A cynical and grim account of war '' , the film is set in the latter stages of World War II and tells the story of a front-line combat unit led by a cowardly captain clearly out of his depth , as well as a tougher subordinate and an executive officer who both threaten to do away with him . As the official trailer put it : `` Not every gun is pointed at the enemy ! '' The film won the 1956 Italian Film Critics Award .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e7555aa31d513c27291a03f458d01a53", "text": "Up in Michigan `` Up in Michigan '' is a short story by American writer Ernest Hemingway , written in 1921 and revised in 1938 . It is collected in Three Stories and Ten Poems ( 1923 ) and The Fifth Column and the First Forty-Nine Stories ( 1938 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8f516e1b7c4a543663bcf36c64724e11", "text": "G.I. (military) G.I. is a noun used to describe the soldiers of the United States Army and airmen of the United States Army Air Forces -- and for U.S. Marines and sailors -- and also for general items of their equipment . The term G.I. has been used as an initialism of `` Government Issue '' or `` General Issue '' , but it originally referred to `` galvanized iron '' , as used by the logistics services of the United States Armed Forces . The letters `` G.I. '' were used to denote equipment made from galvanized iron , such as metal trash cans , in U.S. Army inventories and supply records . During World War I , American soldiers sardonically referred to incoming German artillery shells as `` G.I. cans '' . Also during that war , `` G.I. '' started being interpreted as `` Government Issue '' or `` General Issue '' for the general items of equipment of soldiers and airmen . The term `` G.I. '' came into widespread use in the United States with the start of the Selective Service System ( `` the draft '' ) in 1940 , extending into 1941 . Next , the use of `` G.I. '' expanded from 1942 through 1945 . The American Five-star General Dwight D. Eisenhower said in 1945 that `` the truly heroic figure of this war -LSB- is -RSB- G.I. Joe and his counterpart in the air , the navy , and the Merchant Marine of every one of the United Nations . '' `` G.I. '' was also used as an adjective for anything having to do with the Army or Army Air Force .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "64357a2cf58bd32a8f4cc34243222b43", "text": "League of American Writers The League of American Writers was an association of American novelists , playwrights , poets , journalists , and literary critics launched by the Communist Party USA ( CPUSA ) in 1935 . The group included Communist Party members , and so-called `` fellow travelers '' who closely followed the Communist Party 's political line without being formal party members , as well as individuals sympathetic to specific policies being advocated by the organization . The League 's policy objectives changed over time in accord with the shifting party line of the CPUSA . Beginning as an anti-fascist organization in 1935 , the League turned to an anti-war position following the signing of the Nazi-Soviet Pact of 1939 and to a pro-war position after the German invasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941 . The organization was prominent in the defense of Republican Spain during the Spanish Civil War and in providing financial and moral support to writers in need in the United States and internationally . The organization was terminated in January 1943 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1f9191d62fe1a8fba25c19954431a3ff", "text": "Deadline (science fiction story) `` Deadline '' is a 1944 science fiction short story by American writer Cleve Cartmill , first published in Astounding Science Fiction . The story described the then-secret atomic bomb in some detail . At that time the bomb was still under development and top secret , which prompted a visit by the FBI . In 1943 , Cartmill suggested to John W. Campbell , the then-editor of Astounding , that he could write a story about a futuristic super-bomb . Campbell liked the idea and supplied Cartmill with considerable background information gleaned from unclassified scientific journals , on the use of Uranium-235 to make a nuclear fission device . The resulting story appeared in the issue of Astounding dated March 1944 , which actually appeared early in February of that year . By March 8 it had come to the attention of the Counterintelligence Corps , who saw many similarities between the technical details in the story and the research currently being undertaken in great secrecy at Los Alamos . Gregory Benford describes the incident as told him by Edward Teller in his autobiographical essay `` Old Legends '' : Coming three years later in the same magazine , Cleve Cartmill 's `` Deadline '' provoked astonishment in the lunch table discussions at Los Alamos . It really did describe isotope separation and the bomb itself in detail , and raised as its principal plot pivot the issue the physicists were then debating among themselves : should the Allies use it ? To the physicists from many countries clustered in the high mountain strangeness of New Mexico , cut off from their familiar sources of humanist learning , it must have seemed particularly striking that Cartmill described an allied effort , a joint responsibility laid upon many nations . Discussion of Cartmill 's `` Deadline '' was significant . The story 's detail was remarkable , its sentiments even more so . Did this rather obscure story hint at what the American public really thought about such a superweapon , or would think if they only knew ? Talk attracts attention , Teller recalled a security officer who took a decided interest , making notes , saying little . In retrospect , it was easy to see what a wartime intelligence monitor would make of the physicists ' conversations . Who was this guy Cartmill , anyway ? Where did he get these details ? Who tipped him to the isotope separation problem ? `` and that is why Mr. Campbell received his visitors . '' Fearing a security breach , the FBI began an investigation into Cartmill , Campbell , and some of their acquaintances ( including Isaac Asimov and Robert A. Heinlein ) . It appears that the authorities eventually accepted the explanation that the story 's material had been gleaned from unclassified sources , but as a precautionary measure they requested that Campbell should not publish any further stories about nuclear technology for the remainder of the war . Campbell , in the meantime , had guessed from the number of Astounding subscribers who had suddenly moved to the Los Alamos area , that the US government probably had some sort of technical or scientific project ongoing there . He declined to volunteer this information to the FBI .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b95538a900d63c4f1eb4ff3394003ebd", "text": "Algiers (film) Algiers is a 1938 American drama film directed by John Cromwell and starring Charles Boyer , Sigrid Gurie , and Hedy Lamarr . Written by John Howard Lawson , the film is about a notorious French jewel thief hiding in the labyrinthine native quarter of Algiers known as the Casbah . Feeling imprisoned by his self-imposed exile , he is drawn out of hiding by a beautiful French tourist who reminds him of happier times in Paris . The Walter Wanger production was a remake of the successful 1937 French film Pépé le Moko , which derived its plot from the Henri La Barthe novel of the same name . Algiers was a sensation because it was the first Hollywood film starring Hedy Lamarr , whose beauty became the main attraction for film audiences . The film is notable as one of the sources of inspiration to the screenwriters of the 1942 Warner Bros. film Casablanca who wrote it with Hedy Lamarr in mind as the original female lead . Charles Boyer 's depiction of the main character , Pepe Le Moko , inspired the Warner Bros. animated character , Pepé Le Pew . In 1966 , the film entered the public domain ( in the USA ) due to the claimants ' failure to renew its copyright registration in the 28th year after publication .", "title": "" } ]	fever
d7cc39101a51fab49511b8852171d937	Jackie Evancho has a middle name.	[ { "docid": "999e12bd0d311cadde0d75eb4c70491a", "text": "Jackie Evancho Jacqueline Marie `` Jackie '' Evancho ( -LSB- iːˈvæŋkoʊ -RSB- ; born April 9 , 2000 ) is an American classical crossover singer who gained wide recognition at an early age and , since 2009 , has issued an EP and seven albums , including a platinum and gold album and three Billboard 200 top 10 debuts . She has released three solo Public Broadcasting Service ( PBS ) concert specials . Between 2008 and 2010 , Evancho entered talent competitions , sang the U.S. national anthem at a Pittsburgh Pirates baseball game , gave concerts with Tim Janis and David Foster , issued her first album , Prelude to a Dream , and attracted interest on YouTube . In 2010 , at the age of ten , she gained wide notice with her 2nd-place finish in the fifth season of America 's Got Talent . With the 2010 holiday release of her O Holy Night EP , Evancho became the best-selling debut artist of 2010 , the youngest top-10 debut artist in U.S. history and the youngest solo artist ever to go platinum in the U.S. . She performed at the 2010 National Christmas Tree lighting in Washington , D.C. . In 2011 , her first full-length album , Dream With Me , produced by Foster , debuted at No. 2 on the Billboard 200 chart , and she became the youngest top-5 debut artist in UK history . Billboard ranked Evancho the top Classical Albums Artist for 2011 . Later that year , Evancho released a full-length holiday album , Heavenly Christmas , and became the youngest person ever to give a solo concert at Lincoln Center in New York City as part of her Dream With Me Tour . From late 2012 to 2014 , she toured the U.S. to support her 2012 album , Songs from the Silver Screen , which was Evancho 's third top-ten album debut . In 2013 she headlined benefit concerts at Carnegie Hall , the LDS Conference Center and with Cirque du Soleil in Las Vegas for the One Drop Foundation . She also appeared in the 2013 Robert Redford film The Company You Keep and modelled for Guess Kids clothing . After releasing her 2014 album , Awakening , Evancho began high school while continuing to tour . Later music releases included several singles and collaborations , and a 2016 holiday album , Someday at Christmas . In 2017 , Evancho performed the U.S. national anthem at the presidential inauguration of Donald Trump ; released a studio album , Two Hearts , her seventh consecutive No. 1 release on the U.S. classical albums chart ; and became the youngest person ever to perform a concert series at Café Carlyle .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "573648eb1a22c6202cc69598620ac682", "text": "Alou family The Rojas family , more commonly known in English-speaking America by their matronym , Alou , is a prominent Major League Baseball family from the Dominican Republic . The family name in the Dominican Republic is the paternal family name of Rojas , but Felipe Alou and his brothers became known by the name Alou when the Giants ' scout who signed Felipe mistakenly thought his matronym ( Alou ) was his surname . The Rojas Alou brothers ' maternal grandfather , Mateu Alou , was an immigrant from Felanitx , Spain , who immigrated to the Dominican Republic in 1898 . In 1963 , while all playing for the San Francisco Giants , Felipe , Marty and Jesus became the first all brother outfield in the Major Leagues .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1fee72ae7b9514b5ad18b4a4c246c866", "text": "Jackie (magazine) Jackie was a weekly British magazine for girls . The magazine was published by D. C. Thomson & Co. Ltd of Dundee from 11 January 1964 until its closure on 3 July 1993 -- a total of 1534 issues . The name was chosen from a list of girls ' names , although it was nearly dropped due to the association with Jackie Kennedy following her husband 's assassination in 1963 . An urban legend exists that it was named after Jacqueline Wilson who worked there at the time , before she became a notable children 's author . Although the author has attempted to perpetuate this claim , this has been denied by those who were involved in the launch . Ex-RAF Engine Fitter Gordon Small was the first editor . TV critic Nina Myskow was a former editor . Jackie was the best-selling teen magazine in Britain for ten years , with sales rising from an initial 350,000 to 605,947 in 1976 . The best ever selling issue was the 1972 special edition to coincide with the UK tour of American singer David Cassidy . During the 1970s , `` Jackie '' published a mix of fashion and beauty tips , gossip , short stories and comic strips . The latter were usually illustrated with line drawings or posed photographs , especially if the story involved a `` reader 's true life experience '' . Both the comics and the short stories invariably dealt with either romance or family issues . The centre pages of the magazine usually contained a pull-out poster of a popular band or film star . Jackie became very popular with young teenage girls , not least because of the `` Cathy and Claire '' problem page , which received 400 reader letters a week and dealt with controversial issues that were nonetheless relevant to the readership . However , the subjects covered in the column were not reflective of the majority of readers ' letters , which focused on sex-related issues -- DC Thomson as a result kept the editorial brief , but created a series of help leaflets which they sent to letter writers . In 1974 the NHS made the contraceptive pill free on prescription , and so under editor Myskow the magazine introduced a `` Dear Doctor '' column , which covered what were termed as `` below the waist issues '' . Sales declined after the 1970s , and by 1993 circulation had dropped to 50,000 weekly . Deciding not to follow the more sexual and high-fashion orientation of newer teenage magazines , DC Thomson chose to shut the magazine down . It was one of several Thomson papers to close that year . More recently , the company has started issuing every year a historic Jackie annual . BBC Radio invited Jackie Clune to do an epitaph for Jackie and , in 2007 , the BBC produced an hour long programme devoted to the magazine 's 1970s heyday , called Jackie Magazine : A Girl 's Best Friend , with contributions from former readers , writers , staff and publishers . The magazine also inspired a musical .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a2d4b67bfaa261a17f70cd10ff1ceae9", "text": "Yiye Ávila José Joaquín Ávila Portalatín ( September 11 , 1925 -- June 28 , 2013 ) , better known as Yiye Ávila , was a Puerto Rican Pentecostal Evangelist and writer of Sephardi origins . He was also the second runner-up for Mr. North America in 1953 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8bf3bfc67efc0075ec350166a131aac0", "text": "Jersey Bounce `` Jersey Bounce '' is a song written by Tiny Bradshaw , Eddie Johnson and Bobby Plater with lyrics by Buddy Feyne who used the nom de plume Robert B. Wright ( as this song was written during an ASCAP strike ) . It hit # 1 for four weeks in 1942 as an instrumental recorded by Benny Goodman and his orchestra , and also charted that same year by Jimmy Dorsey ( # 9 ) and Shep Fields ( # 15 ) . It was covered by numerous bands and swing orchestras including Glenn Miller , Harry James , Jan Savitt and Red Norvo . Artists such as Ella Fitzgerald , Ella Mae Morse and The King Sisters also recorded it . Fitzgerald recorded it on her two albums Clap Hands , Here Comes Charlie ! and again on All That Jazz . The King Sisters and Ella Mae Morse versions were singles . The tune was popular as the source of aircraft nicknames during World War II . One of the first examples was a B-24D Liberator that served in the Eighth Air Force with the 93rd Bomb Group at Alconbury , England , in 1942 and 1943 ( pictured ) . It was also the name of two B-17 Flying Fortress bombers in the 303rd Bomb Group stationed at Molesworth , England during World War II . In fact , this plane flew 14 combat missions and was labeled `` the hardest hit ship of the 358th Bomb Squadron ( VK-K ) '' . After it was taken out of commission , the `` Jersey Bounce 2 '' replaced it . At least four other Bombardment Groups had B-17 bombers named `` Jersey Bounce '' . Assigned to the 91st Bomb Group , 324th Squadron ( DF-H ) at Bassingbourn , England , another B-17F ( 4124515 ) was named `` Jersey Bounce '' , by pilot , Lt. Phillip Fischer , when the bomber was assigned to him in September 1942 . Subsequently , replacement pilot , Lt. J.S. Jackson , renamed this aircraft the `` Marie Jane '' , after Fischer was temporarily blinded on the January 23 , 1943 , mission to bomb the U-Boat facilities at Lorient , France . . The aircraft was lost on the May 21 , 1943 , mission to Wilhelmshaven with Fischer in the left seat again . It was his first mission after returning to duty . Another example was from the 336th Fighter Squadron of the 4th Fighter Group , where LtCol Donald F. Pierini named all three of his P-51 ( B , C , & D ) fighters were named `` Jersey Bounce '' . `` Jersey Bounce I '' was destroyed in a middair collision in 1944 . `` Jersey Bounce II '' was retired after a number of missions . `` Jersey Bounce III '' was shot down in 1945 but under a different pilot . `` Jersey Bounce '' has been used in various movies , including big band film The Benny Goodman Story , Carnal Knowledge , The Electric Horseman , and Starsky & Hutch . The lyrics begin : They call it the Jersey Bounce A rhythm that really counts The temperature always mounts Whenever they play the funny rhythm they play It started on Journal Square And Somebody heard it there They put it right on the air And now you 'll hear it everywhere ...", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a9d322657739daeca1a6a75d93cf428", "text": "Jackie Price John Thomas Reid Price ( November 13 , 1912 -- October 2 , 1967 ) was a Major League Baseball shortstop who played in seven games for the Cleveland Indians during the 1946 Cleveland Indians season . He was known for delighting fans with his skills - such as batting whilst hanging upside-down or throwing three balls to three different men in one movement - and was dubbed `` the Clown Prince of Baseball '' for antics which included releasing a pair of five-foot Boa constrictors on board a train . Price briefly teamed up with Max Patkin , another baseball clown ; together they were described by Boston Red Sox manager Lou Boudreau as the `` funniest show I ever saw '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9a3460d77191e2060a7ba29ae8d787f5", "text": "Manolo Rivera Morales Manuel Rivera Morales ( aka `` Manolo '' , `` El Olimpico '' , `` Mr. Apuntenlo '' ) ( 1923 -- May 25 , 2000 ) ( in Spanish ) was a Puerto Rican sportscaster , radio announcer and marketing sales executive . Rivera Morales is considered by many to be the best sportscaster in Puerto Rican history . `` The achievements of ` El Olimpico ' ( The Olympic ) have given him national and international regard and have left huge prints in our hearts . '' ( Puerto Rican Legislature , Law # 228 , 1998 ) Rivera Morales was born in Trujillo Alto on May 14 , 1923 . He was inducted in the Hall of Fame for Puerto Rican Sports on November 22 , 1992 . In 1998 the Government of Puerto Rico honored Rivera by naming a main highway after him : PR-181 Road , `` Expreso Manuel Rivera Morales '' , also known as `` El Expreso de Trujillo Alto '' ( Trujillo Alto Expressway ) . Manuel Rivera Morales gained nationwide fame in Puerto Rico during the 1960s , 1970s and 1980s , when he covered BSN basketball games live , first on radio , and later on television , for various broadcasters ( most famously WAPA-TV ) , along other famous Puerto Rican sportscasters such as Johnny Flores Monge , Rafael Bracero and Fufi Santori . Rivera Morales became a cultural icon in Puerto Rico : His phrases , many of which he invented , were commonly repeated by many Puerto Ricans and became part of colloquial Puerto Rican dialogue . When he accompanied the Puerto Rican team that played the 1964 Olympic Games in Tokyo to broadcast the games through radio , his style was so colorful and attracted so much attention that a local Japanese newspaper covered him . In Japan , he was also recognized with a medal as `` The World 's Best and Most Dramatic Narrator '' . He started as an Olympic sportscaster in the 1960 Olympics held in Rome and continued during the following games : 1964 Tokyo , 1968 Mexico , 1972 Munich y 1976 Montreal . Due to this vast Olympic experience , he was nicknamed `` El Olimpico '' ( The Olympic ) . He also was a narrator for the Pan-American Games and for the famous `` Roller Derby '' television show ( Puerto Rico 's Spanish version ) . Morales was also recognized for giving nicknames to some of Puerto Rico 's basketball players . José Ortiz , for example , was nicknamed `` El Concorde '' by Rivera Morales . Mario Morales became `` El Quijote '' ( was better known by his nickname than by his real name ) , José Sosa `` El Galgo '' ( The Greyhound ) , Angel `` Cachorro '' Santiago `` El Orgullo del Caserio '' ( The Pride of the Housing Projects ) , Hector `` El Mago '' Blondet ( The Magician ) , Rolando Frazier `` El Principe '' ( The Prince ) , Mario Butler `` El Expreso Panameño '' ( The Panamanian Express ) , Ruben Rodriguez `` Sharp Shooter '' , and Martín Ansa got the nickname `` El Señor '' from Morales . During the 1970s and 1980s , local laws established that boxing fights held in Puerto Rico could not be transmitted live on television ; this to encourage fans to pay tickets to see the fights live . They were , however , transmitted live by radio , and Rivera Morales also became a well-known boxing commentator on the Puerto Rican radio stations . Some phrases popularized by Manuel Rivera Morales include : - '' ¡ Apuntenlo !! '' ( score it !! ) - His trademark phrase , and a reminder to the radio crew 's scorer to write down the latest successful two-point basket . - '' ¡ Manos Arriba !! Manos Arriba ! '' ( Hands up ! Hands up ! ) After a three-point shot had been made , alluding to the gesture that basketball referees do after a three-point basket . - '' ¡ Que juego señores ... que juego ! '' ( What a great game gentlemen ... what a great game . ) - '' ¡ Me va a poner a gozar ... y me puso a gozar ! '' ( He 's going to make me enjoy ... he made me enjoy . ) Referring to a dunk . - `` Yo lo conozco ... va a tirar ... '' ( I know him ... he 's going to shoot . ) Anticipating a play . - '' ¡ Miralooooooooo ! '' ( Look at him . ) Anticipating a basket . - '' ¡ Ayúdanos , divina Pastora , a salir de aqui con vida ! '' ( Help us , `` Divine Shepherdess '' , to get out of here alive !! ) A religious imploration used by him in a playfull tone when a basketball game was close enough for the visiting team to steal a win during the closing minutes . - `` Wonderful !! '' - '' ¡ Sensacional ! '' ( Sensational ) He 'd say this after an impressive play . - `` Mi abuela decía : ' ¡ Son de goma , Manolo , son de goma ! ' '' ( My grandma used to say : `` they 're made out of rubber , Manolo , they 're made out of rubber '' ! ) - Said after a player fell dramatically and recuperated quickly . - '' ¡ Wes ... Wes ... Wes ... WES !! '' - Whenever local ( and later international ) player Wesley Correa charged to the basket . - '' ¡ Este juego es no apto para cardiacos ! '' ( This game is not suitable for cardiac patients ! ) - Said during close games , particularly those that ended up in overtime ( at a particular one that had five OT 's he almost had a cardiac incident himself ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab1afe7742a96387be18ba897d25a05d", "text": "A Woman Named Jackie A Woman Named Jackie is a 1991 American television miniseries chronicling the life of Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis . It was based on C. David Heymann 's 1989 book of the same title . The miniseries was split into three parts : A Woman Named Jackie , Part 1 : The Bouvier Years A Woman Named Jackie , Part 2 : The Kennedy Years A Woman Named Jackie , Part 3 : The Onassis Years", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6dbc7944656583ef38fa4a2ee9cc49d1", "text": "Jackie Jurich Jackie Jurich ( born August 4 , 1918 ) is an American former professional boxer . He is also known by his nickname `` Rose of San Jose . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "288abe0f4d83506e28f0f2149949d3e3", "text": "Holly (name) Holly is an English-language surname and given name . Holly is a special name and known as an English or Irish surname ( variant Holley ) it is either locational , ultimately derived an Old English hol lēah '' -LSB- dwelling by -RSB- the clearing by the hollow '' , or descriptive , from hol-ēage `` hollow-eyed '' . In Ireland , it was also used as a translation of the name Mac Cuilinn , which is derived from cuileann , the Gaelic name of the holly tree , and by extension sometimes of the similar-sounding McQuillan surname of Ulster . The masculine names Holly , Hollie were derived from the surname , but have mostly fallen out of use since the mid 20th century due to the rise in popularity of the feminine name . Hollis is an English surname derived from a Middle English holis '' -LSB- dwelling by -RSB- holly trees '' ; it was also used as a masculine given name . Holly ( variant Hollie ) was first used as a feminine given name in the 20th century , as a `` botanical '' name given to girls , in reference to , or at least secondarily associated with , the holly tree . While the feminine name is on record in the United States since the 1930s , its surge in popularity was due to Holly Golightly , the socialite protagonist in Truman Capote 's Breakfast at Tiffany 's ( 1958 ) , which was made into a film starring Audrey Hepburn in 1961 . The name of this character is stated to be short for Holiday ( rather than a reference to the plant ) . The name peaked in popularity in the United States in the 1970s and 1980s , and has declined since , ranking at # 380 in the United States as of 2009 . It was popularly given in England and Wales during the 2000s , staying in the top 30 girls ' names throughout 1996 -- 2012 , with a peak at rank # 12 in 2002 ( and dropping to rank # 33 as of 2013 ) . A tendency to give the name to girls born on or near Christmas has also been observed . More recent eccentric spellings of the feminine name include Holli ( 1970s ) , Holleigh , Hollee , Hollye .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aa5539fba090563418b53c361dd9f2bb", "text": "East Harlem East Harlem , also known as Spanish Harlem or El Barrio , is a neighborhood of Upper Manhattan , New York City roughly encompassing the area north of the Upper East Side and East 96th Street up to about the 140s , east of Fifth Avenue to the East and Harlem Rivers . It lies within Manhattan Community District 11 . Despite its name , it is generally not considered to be a part of Harlem . The neighborhood is one of the largest predominantly Latino communities in New York City , mostly made up of Puerto Ricans , as well as sizeable numbers of Dominican , Cuban and Mexican immigrants . It includes the area formerly known as Italian Harlem , in which the remnants of a once predominantly Italian community remain . The Chinese population has increased dramatically in East Harlem since 2000 . East Harlem has historically suffered from many social issues , such as the highest jobless rate in New York City , teenage pregnancy , AIDS , drug abuse , homelessness , and an asthma rate five times the national average . It has the second highest concentration of public housing in the United States , closely following Brownsville , Brooklyn . Police services to the neighborhood are divided between the 23rd and the 25th Precincts . Conversely , East Harlem is notable for its contributions to Latin freestyle and salsa music . However , East Harlem is now undergoing some gentrification . In February 2016 , East Harlem was one of four neighborhoods featured in an article in The New York Times about `` New York 's Next Hot Neighborhoods '' . Beginning in 2016 , the New York City government was seeking to rezone East Harlem `` to facilitate new residential , commercial , community facility , and manufacturing development . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d104f09df554b17f5a16c30cea63a8e2", "text": "Jamie Lilly Jamie Nicole Lilly ( b. February 9 , 1983 from San Diego , California United States ) was a professional American `` Mid School '' Bicycle Motocross ( BMX ) racer whose prime competitive years were from 1987 to 2004 . Nicknamed `` Kiddo # 1 '' at the age of 8 years , she became one of the first female professionals of the American Bicycle Association ( ABA ) when they for the first time created a female professional division in the sanctioning body 's history in 1998 ( the NBL had restarted their pro girls class in 1997 after their first attempt between 1985 -- 1987 ) and became one the ABA 's first number one Girl Pros .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e3e0a6b7146394d5ce42880e617729d7", "text": "Jaxon Lee Jason Christopher Lee ( born September 7 , 1968 in San Antonio , Texas ) is an American voice actor and video editor who co-founded the dubbing studio Gaijin Productions with his wife Amanda Winn-Lee . He uses the stage name Jaxon Lee per Screen Actors Guild rules because there is another actor named `` Jason Lee '' , the star of NBC 's My Name is Earl .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f71b991b017c6dc56c6720049ba68e45", "text": "Jackie Edwards (athlete) Jacqueline ( `` Jackie '' ) Lois Elizabeth Edwards ( born 14 April 1971 in Falmouth , Trelawny Parish ) is a Bahamian long jumper , who was born in Jamaica .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c4f0d9502c89fb04f4ce1cb2af305ac6", "text": "Middle name In several cultures , people 's names usually include one or more names in addition to the portion that is usually considered adequate to identify them . In a number of cultures where a given name is expected to precede the surname , such a name is likely to be placed after the given name and before the surname , and thus called a middle name . In English-speaking American culture , that term is often applied ( arguably mistakenly ) to names , occupying that position , even if the bearer would insist that that name is being mistakenly called a `` middle name '' , and is actually ( to mention several types of atypical cases ) : part of a two-word given name ( e.g. Mary Anne , about Mary Anne Clarke , and `` Joe Bob Briggs '' ) , a maiden name ( e.g. Rodham ) , a patronymic ( e.g. Sergeyevich ) , or a baptismal name ( e.g. `` Christopher '' invoking St. Christopher ) . In the USA such names are specifically referred to as middle names ; in most other countries , as far as they are given names and not , for example , patronymics , they would simply be regarded as second , third etc. given names . The US `` middle name '' is often abbreviated to the middle initial ( e.g. Mary Lee Bianchi becomes Mary L. Bianchi , which is usually standard for signatures ) or omitted entirely in everyday use ( e.g. just Mary Bianchi ) . An individual may have more than one middle name , or none . In the United Kingdom , for comparison , she would usually be referred to as either Mary Bianchi , M. L. Bianchi or Mary Lee Bianchi , or she may choose Lee Bianchi , and informally there may be familiar shortenings . It is debatable how long multiple given names have existed in English-speaking countries , but it is certain that among royalty and aristocracy the practice existed by the late 17th century ( and possibly earlier ) , as exemplified in the name of the Stuart pretender James Francis Edward Stuart ( 1688 -- 1766 ) . Despite their relatively long existence in North America , the phrase `` middle name '' was not recorded until 1835 , in the periodical Harvardiana . The use of multiple middle names has been somewhat impeded recently by the increased use of computer databases that occasionally allow for only a single middle name or more commonly a middle initial in storing personal records , effectively preventing people with multiple middle names from being listed in such databases under their full name . This is worsened by longer compound names , like María del Pilar Pereyra or María de las Nieves García . The abbreviation `` N.M.N. '' ( no middle name ) or `` N.M.I. '' ( no middle initial ) , with or without periods , is sometimes used in formal documents in the United States , where a middle initial or name is expected but the person does not have one . The middle name can also be a maiden name . Since 1905 , `` middle name '' has also developed a figurative usage meaning a notable or outstanding attribute of a person , as in the phrase `` discretion is my middle name . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9984050b693808d79fb05f5a314d2305", "text": "Jackie Jackson (album) Jackie Jackson is the self-titled debut album from Jackie Jackson , the eldest member of The Jackson 5 , released on Motown Records . It was arranged by Eddy Manson , Gene Page and The Corporation . Released on October 14 , 1973 , the album suffered from a lack of promotion and did not chart . It was his only full-length solo release for more than 15 years and his only solo album with Motown . `` Love Do n't Want to Leave '' has appeared on several Jackson 5 compilations ( including Anthology 76 , Anthology 86 and Soulsation ! ) , but the other tracks only appeared on the 33 rpm vinyl LP , which ranks among the more obscure releases in the Jackson family catalogue . The album features background vocals from the Jackson 5 on `` Did n't I ( Blow Your Mind This Time ) '' and the B-side opener `` Do I Owe '' . `` Is It Him or Me '' was sampled by Nas for his song `` War '' on his Street 's Disciple album .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e9dce271870bfd2df9d7a2929cc004f9", "text": "Jackie Joyner-Kersee Jacqueline `` Jackie '' Joyner-Kersee ( born March 3 , 1962 ) is an American retired track and field athlete , ranked among the all-time greatest athletes in the heptathlon as well as long jump . She won three gold , one silver , and two bronze Olympic medals , in those two events at four different Olympic Games . Sports Illustrated for Women magazine voted Joyner-Kersee the Greatest Female Athlete of All-Time . After retiring as a competitive athlete , Joyner-Kersee has been involved with many philanthropic efforts and has joined the Board of Directors for USA Track & Field ( USATF ) , the national governing body of the sport . Joyner-Kersee is one of the most famous athletes to have overcome severe asthma .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "95c6dab816f2421b094bdc3766f83128", "text": "Jackie (2012 film) Jackie is a 2012 Dutch comedy-drama film directed by Antoinette Beumer , from an idea by Marnie Block and Karen van Holst Pellekaan . The leading roles are played by Carice van Houten , her real-life sister Jelka van Houten and Academy Award winner Holly Hunter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5a2d37031526903e6fb508feb3562cf", "text": "The Underachievers (film) The Underachievers is a 1987 American comedy directed by Jackie Kong .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2dca54c243359c93622df35bbd13abe0", "text": "Greek Americans Greek Americans ' ( Ελληνοαμερικανοί , Ellinoamerikanoi '' ) are Americans of full or partial Greek ancestry . About 1.3 million American people are of Greek descent , although there are estimates that raise this number to 3 million , and 321,144 people older than five spoke Greek at home in 2010 . Greek Americans have the highest concentrations in the New York City , Boston , and Chicago regions , but have settled in major metropolitan areas across the United States . In 2000 , Tarpon Springs , Florida was home to the highest per capita representation of Greek Americans in the country ( 11 % ) . The United States is home to the largest overseas Greek community , ahead of Australia , Cyprus , Albania , Canada , Germany , and the United Kingdom .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a056f778ca73db4aebde31a3f716de7c", "text": "Juan de Espinosa Medrano Juan de Espinosa Medrano ( ca. 1629 -- November 13 , 1688 ) , known as El Lunarejo ( `` The Spotty-Faced '' ) , was a Peruvian cleric , preacher , author of philosophical and literary tracts , and playwright . The year and place of his birth , as well as his ethnic origins , have been a matter of dispute . Some scholars believe that Espinosa Medrano was of Indian ancestry and thus discriminated against , during his career , by colonial and ecclesiastical authorities . Clorinda Matto de Turner made Espinosa Medrano the subject of an `` indigenist '' legend , imputing indigenous ancestry to him , `` but archival research has shown that there is no evidence that Espinosa Medrano was a pitifully poor Indian , but on the contrary , that he was a man of fairly substantial means ... closer to the figure of a ` baroque gentleman ' ... '' He may have been born at Cálcauso in the Apurímac Region . It is known that he entered the Dominican seminary of San Antonio Abad in Cuzco . There , as a young student , he wrote many of his plays . He wrote plays in both Spanish and Quechua . He wrote in Spanish the drama Amar su propia muerte ( To Love One 's Own Death ) ( ca. 1645 ) . Characters of this play include Sísara , a general of Canaan ; Jabín , king of Canaan ; Jael ; Barac , a general of the armies of Israel . He wrote in Quechua a religious play , El hijo pródigo ( also known as Auto sacramental del hijo pródigo ; The Prodigal Son ) , as well as a mythological piece , El rapto de Proserpina ( The Abduction of Proserpina ) . The theatrical piece Ollantay is also attributed to him . In 1654 , he graduated from the Jesuit university of San Ignacio de Loyola . He also wrote a piece defending Góngora 's poetry called Apologético en favor de Don Luis de Góngora , Príncipe de los poetas lyricos de España : contra Manuel de Faria y Sousa , Cavallero portugués ( 1662 ) . In the Apologético , published in Lima in 1662 , Espinosa Medrano eruditely displays his knowledge of classical and contemporary literature . To support his arguments , Espinosa Medrano refers to , among others , Apuleius , Augustine of Hippo , the Bible , Camoens , Cervantes , Erasmus , Faria , Garcilaso , Homer , Lope de Vega , and Pedro de Oña . His defense of Góngora has been viewed as `` a plea for recognition on behalf of himself and of writers living and working on the periphery of the Spanish empire . '' Antonio Cortéz de la Cruz , one of his disciples , collected Espinosa Medrano 's sermons and published them posthumously in Valladolid , in a book entitled La novena maravilla ( The Ninth Wonder ) ( 1695 ) . Espinosa Medrano also wrote La Lógica ( Logic ) , the first volume of a tract devoted to the philosophy of Saint Thomas Aquinas , which was published in Rome in 1688 .", "title": "" } ]	fever
815c5b3db1665bd5a096fc30c7f3d6ad	A Clash of Kings is a novel that Gendry appeared in.	[ { "docid": "ede4473bc8e6eb99db27f87fa78f7296", "text": "Gendry Gendry is a fictional character in the A Song of Ice and Fire series of fantasy novels by American author George R. R. Martin , and its television adaptation Game of Thrones . He first appeared in 1996 's A Game of Thrones . He subsequently appeared in Martin 's A Clash of Kings ( 1998 ) and A Storm of Swords ( 2000 ) and A Feast for Crows ( 2011 ) . Gendry is an apprentice blacksmith in King 's Landing and an unacknowledged bastard of King Robert Baratheon . Gendry is portrayed by Joe Dempsie in the HBO television adaptation . He and the rest of the cast were nominated for Screen Actors Guild Awards for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series in 2014 .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "6c0cb661cf1687c6dcb7bc58cb8c61e7", "text": "The Hound and the Falcon The Hound and the Falcon is a fantasy book trilogy by Judith Tarr , containing the books The Isle of Glass ( Bluejay , 1985 ) , The Golden Horn ( Bluejay , 1985 ) , and The Hounds of God ( Bluejay , 1986 ) . The books tell the story of the elf Alf , who grew up as a monk in a monastery among humans , and how he meets love and comes to terms with who he is . The books contain elements of historical fiction , including the Sack of Constantinople in the Fourth Crusade . The Alamut series is set in the same universe , and takes place before the events of The Hound and the Falcon . King Gwydion and Prince Aidan of the elf-kingdom Rhiyana , minor characters in The Hound and the Falcon , are two of the main characters in the Alamut series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5f228be9c3f78aca473cf1cdd026677c", "text": "We Were There The We Were There books are a series of historical novels written for children . The series consists of 36 titles , first released between 1955 and 1963 by Grosset & Dunlap . Each book in the series is a fictional retelling of an historical event , featuring one or more children as primary characters . The books were written by a number of different authors , each writing from one to seven of the books ; the authors included Benjamin Appel , Jim Kjelgaard , Earl Schenck Miers , William O. Steele , and others . Each book 's byline also lists a separate `` historical consultant , '' who was a specialist in the historic topic covered by that particular book . The historical consultants were typically college professors or , in the case of war-related stories , retired military officers ; among the more noteworthy consultants for the series were the historians Bruce Catton , Walter Prescott Webb and A. B. Guthrie , Jr. . The books are illustrated with black-and-white line art , with color drawings on the dust jacket . The dust jackets of the original printings of the books describe the series as follows : We Were There books are easy to read and provide exciting , entertaining stories , based upon true historic events . Each story is checked for factual accuracy by an outstanding authority on this particular phase of our history . Though written simply enough for young readers , they make interesting reading for boys and girls well into their teens . The original hardbound editions of the books were followed by several other printings , including editions for book clubs and libraries . The books were later reissued with hardbound picture covers ( using the original dust jacket artwork ) , and softcover editions of some books became available in the 1970s . Three of the books are available from Lamppost Publishers and American Home School Publishers . Most of the original books are available in varying used conditions from various sellers through Amazon , although selection will naturally vary at any given time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d9b0d2ea5fc526a89a9b523813c6a754", "text": "Conan the Great Conan the Great is a fantasy novel by American writer Leonard Carpenter , featuring Robert E. Howard 's sword and sorcery hero Conan the Barbarian . It was first published in paperback by Tor Books in April 1990 ( the 1989 date appearing on the title page verso is erroneous ) . It was reprinted by Tor in August 1997 . It is the only one of the Tor series of Conan novels set in the period of Conan 's kingship .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "76f7437cb59b8acafe7b352d27679ce9", "text": "Clash of the Titans (franchise) Clash of the Titans is a British -- American fantasy action media franchise based on characters and myths of Ancient Greek mythology . The first film , Clash of the Titans , was released in 1981 with a remake made in 2010 . The remake spawned a sequel , Wrath of the Titans , in 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "28836febc409da43fac6f1d57f48fa2d", "text": "The King of the Golden River The King of the Golden River or The Black Brothers : A Legend of Stiria by John Ruskin was originally written in 1841 for the twelve-year-old Effie ( Euphemia ) Gray , whom Ruskin later married . It was published in book form in 1851 , and became an early Victorian classic which sold out three editions . In the `` Advertisement to the First Edition , '' which prefaces it , it is called a fairy tale , one , it might be added , that illustrates the triumph of love , kindness , and goodness over evil ; however , it could also be characterized as a fable , a fabricated origin myth and a parable . It was illustrated with 22 illustrations by Richard Doyle ( 1824 -- 83 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "27326c3f905ed26fb5229e76d44f08ec", "text": "The Road of Kings The Road of Kings is a fantasy novel by Karl Edward Wagner , featuring Robert E. Howard 's sword and sorcery hero Conan the Barbarian . It was first published in paperback by Bantam Books in October 1979 . Later paperback editions were issued by Ace Books ( 1987 ) and Tor Books 2001 . The first trade paperback edition was published by Warner Books in 1989 . The first British edition was published by Sphere Books ( 1986 , reissued 1989 ) . Aside from the Bantam and Tor editions all other editions were issued under the variant title Conan : The Road of Kings .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d6263f9cc0a57f59345bff8ab906a89c", "text": "11/22/63 11/22/63 is a novel by Stephen King about a time traveler who attempts to prevent the assassination of President John F. Kennedy , which occurred on November 22 , 1963 ( the novel 's titular date ) . The novel was announced on King 's official site on March 2 , 2011 . A short excerpt was released online on June 1 , 2011 , and another excerpt was published in the October 28 , 2011 , issue of Entertainment Weekly . The novel was published on November 8 , 2011 and quickly became a number-one bestseller . It stayed on The New York Times Best Seller list for 16 weeks . 11/22/63 won the 2011 Los Angeles Times Book Prize for Best Mystery/Thriller and the 2012 International Thriller Writers Award for Best Novel , and was nominated for the 2012 British Fantasy Award for Best Novel and the 2012 Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel . The novel required considerable research to accurately portray the late 1950s and early 1960s . King commented on the amount of research it required , saying `` I 've never tried to write anything like this before . It was really strange at first , like breaking in a new pair of shoes . '' The novel was adapted into a 2016 Hulu television series , 11.22.63 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "00d437f6261f956262812d44d636ccde", "text": "The Druid King The Druid King is a 2003 historical novel by American novelist Norman Spinrad . The novel is set during the Gallic Campaigns of Julius Caesar . The main protagonist of the novel is Vercingetorix and the plot follows his rise to power to become king of the Gauls and his eventual surrender to Caesar at the Battle of Alesia . The book is a novelisation of an early version of the script for Vercingétorix , la Légende du Druide Roi , a French language film .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "053622c81227a074d21bb2eeecd24fc3", "text": "A Song of Stone A Song of Stone is a novel by Scottish writer Iain Banks , published in 1997 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dbe5cbcadee4921477a75c09f9e4a61b", "text": "Star of the Guardians Star of the Guardians is a series of fantasy novels by Margaret Weis . The series consists of several volumes : The Lost King King 's Test King 's Sacrifice Ghost Legion The Knights of the Black Earth ( 1995 ) , ISBN 0-451-45425-1 Robot Blues ( 1996 ) , ISBN 0-451-45581-9 Hung Out ( 1998 ) , ISBN 0-451-45618-1 Star of the Guardians is a series of four science fiction / space opera novels written by Margaret Weis without assistance from usual co-author Tracy Hickman . The original trilogy , The Lost King , King 's Test and King 's Sacrifice , concerns Dion 's adventures and eventual rise to the throne . A few years later , Margaret Weis realized that , while Dion had achieved his goals , the main characters of the series ( sundered lovers Sagan and Maigrey ) had not achieved peace , and penned the fourth book , Ghost Legion . She has since completed a trilogy of spin-offs concerning the mercenary team Mag Force 7 introduced in King 's Sacrifice . Based originally on The Magnificent Seven , the team developed a much more varied membership just in time to star in their own novels : The Knights of the Black Earth , Robot Blues and Hung Out . Weis and Don Perrin released a collectible card game under the name `` Mag Force 7 '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0c1856ad0f6031fcaeaf7763ee4bc04d", "text": "The Path of the King The Path of the King is a 1921 novel by the Scottish author John Buchan , presented as a loosely-coupled series of short stories .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2ab9f3a30c70859f203e446c20c887e4", "text": "Fool (novel) Fool is the eleventh novel by Christopher Moore , released on February 10 , 2009 . The novel takes its premise from the plot of Shakespeare 's play King Lear , narrated from the perspective of the character of the Fool , whose name is Pocket . In the course of the novel are references to other Shakespeare plays , ranging from short quotations to whole characters -- most notably the three witches from Macbeth . While the style of Fool is directed at an American audience , the author incorporates at times Shakespearean vocabulary , archaic syntax , and modern British slang , and obscure cultural terms relating to medieval life , which are explained in footnotes . In addition , Moore invents humorous British-style place-names for fictitious locations in the story . This novel was followed by a sequel , The Serpent of Venice , released in 2014 , which combines characters and plot elements from Shakespeare 's The Merchant of Venice and Othello , and Poe 's The Cask of Amontillado , while keeping the perspective of Pocket .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "904a52308a902f1fd861fe8c9cdf39ad", "text": "Gilly (A Song of Ice and Fire) Gilly is a fictional character in the A Song of Ice and Fire series of fantasy novels by American author George R. R. Martin , and its television adaptation Game of Thrones . Introduced in 1998 's A Clash of Kings , she is a wildling from the wild lands north of the Wall . She subsequently appeared in Martin 's A Storm of Swords , A Feast for Crows , A Dance with Dragons and will appear in the upcoming novel The Winds of Winter . Gilly is portrayed by Hannah Murray in the HBO television adaptation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ca771e315192ffdb3d5f4a0e434e891c", "text": "Temporary Kings Temporary Kings is a novel by Anthony Powell , the penultimate in his twelve-volume masterpiece , A Dance to the Music of Time . It was published in 1973 and remains in print as does the rest of the sequence . The title is a possible reference to The Golden Bough , which has a section with the same title concerning the practice in the ancient world of appointing kings for a brief period , at the end of which they would be executed . The novel introduces a surreal element , mischievously portraying the literary world as politically corrupt and riven with dark deeds . After the passage of a decade the consequences of unyielding ambition are suggested by the storm brewing around Powell 's dark angel , Kenneth Widmerpool . Espionage and even necrophilia are hinted at . Minor characters from earlier novels reappear and are developed to renew the theme of the Dance . The action is constructed with ingenuity to place Pamela at its centre with a succession of partners in the revels . Atmosphere and sense of place is evoked with painterly skill in the set pieces in Venice and at the concert party .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f6e679f40cfe4d7b7abac9cce99a7c75", "text": "Cultural depictions of Edward III of England Edward III of England is the central character in the play Edward III , sometimes attributed to William Shakespeare . He also appears as a boy in Edward II by Christopher Marlowe . Edward is also the protagonist of William Blake 's early drama Edward the Third , part of his Poetical Sketches , published in 1783 . George Bernard Shaw portrayed Edward for dramatic purposes as , in Shaw 's preface to The Six of Calais , behaving himself like an unrestrained human being in a very trying situation . Edward III has rarely been portrayed on screen . He was portrayed by Charles Kent in the 1911 silent short The Death of King Edward III and by Michael Hordern in the 1955 film The Dark Avenger , about Edward , the Black Prince . As a boy he has been portrayed by Stéphane Combesco in the 1982 French TV adaptation of Marlowe 's play and by Jody Graber in Derek Jarman 's 1991 version . In World Without End ( 2012 ) , Blake Ritson portrayed Edward III . Edward is portrayed as the son of Isabella and the Scottish rebel , William Wallace , in the 1995 film Braveheart . This is historically impossible , as Wallace died seven years before Edward was born when Isabella was about 17 years old . It is extremely unlikely William Wallace and Isabella ever met . Edward appears in Maurice Druon 's series of historical novels Les Rois maudits ( The Accursed Kings ) . Jean-Louis Broust portrayed him in the 1972 French TV adaptation of these novels , and Aurélien Wiik played the role in the 2005 French TV adaptation . Edward is a major character in The King 's Mistress by Emma Campion and her Owen Archer mystery novel The Lady Chapel ( 1994 ) under the name Candace Robb . He appears in the 2000 Bernard Cornwell novel Harlequin , as well as in the 2007 Ken Follett novel World Without End , the sequel to Pillars of the Earth . Edward also appears briefly in The First Princess of Wales by Karen Harper .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6520a195cf3ad1e35ddf8a672ff47459", "text": "Clash of the Gods Clash of the Gods may refer to : Clash of the Gods ( TV series ) , a 2009 television series on the History channel Clash of the Gods ( album ) , a 2012 album by Grave Digger", "title": "" }, { "docid": "43bc829bd34613cdaf13102e7441a970", "text": "The Kingdom of the Wicked The Kingdom of the Wicked is a 1985 historical novel by Anthony Burgess . Like two of his earlier works , the long narrative poem Moses and the novel Man of Nazareth ( together these books make up what has been referred to as his biblical or religious trilogy ) , Burgess wrote The Kingdom of the Wicked in part as preparation for a screenplay ; in this case for the television series A.D.", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9f82bd773aeedb9e22158deb2b25103c", "text": "Gog and Magog Gog and Magog ( -LSB- gɒg -RSB- -LSB- ˈmeɪgɒg -RSB- Gog u-Magog ) in the Hebrew Bible may be individuals , peoples , or lands ; a prophesied enemy nation of God 's people according to the Book of Ezekiel , and one of the nations according to Genesis descended from Japheth son of Noah . The Gog prophecy is meant to be fulfilled at the approach of what is called the `` end of days '' , but not necessarily the end of the world . Jewish eschatology viewed Gog and Magog as enemies to be defeated by the Messiah , which will usher in the age of the Messiah . Christianity 's interpretation is more starkly apocalyptic : making Gog and Magog allies of Satan against God at the end of the millennium , as can be read in the Book of Revelation . To Gog and Magog were also attached a legend , certainly current by the Roman period , that they were people contained beyond the Gates of Alexander erected by Alexander the Great . Romanized Jewish historian Josephus knew them as the tribe descended from Magog the Japhethite , as in Genesis , and explained them to be the Scythians . In the hands of Early Christian writers they became apocalyptic hordes , and throughout the Medieval period variously identified as the Huns , Khazars , Mongols , or other nomads , or even the Ten Lost Tribes of Israel . The legend of Gog and Magog and the gates were also interpolated into the Alexander Romances . In one version , `` Goth and Magoth '' are kings of the Unclean Nations , driven beyond a mountain pass by Alexander , and blocked from returning by his new wall . Gog and Magog are said to engage in human cannibalism in the romances and derived literature . They have also been depicted on Medieval cosmological maps , or Mappa mundi , sometimes alongside Alexander 's wall . Gog and Magog appear in the Quran as Yajuj and Majuj , adversaries of Dhul-Qarnayn , a legendary figure . Muslim geographers identified them at first with Turkic tribes from Central Asia and later with the Mongols . In modern times they remain associated with apocalyptic thinking , especially in the United States and the Muslim world .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0b42c3d7bd7e40a27e759b88cd08ea61", "text": "Song of the Gargoyle The Song of the Gargoyle is a 1991 book for young readers by Zilpha Keatley Snyder . Set in the middle ages , it tells the story of a young boy named Tymmon who lives with his father Komus , the court jester of Austerneve . When Komus is abducted by an anonymous man with a Black Helmet , thirteen-year-old Tymmon is able to escape Black Helmet and leaves the castle grounds to seek refuge in the Sombrous Forest , a forbidden place occupied by wolves and magical beings . Most wonderfully , Tymmon is adopted by a gargoyle named Troff -- a creature with the loyalty of a dog and the fearsome powers of an enchanted being . After a season surviving in the forest , Tymmon longs to rescue his father and to find a way to avenge him , as a knight would . But Tymmon is a commoner , and he burns with anger at his father , who threw away a noble heritage to become a lowly jester . Tymmon had to watch his childhood playmate turn away from him to become a squire and train for the knighthood Tymmon can never know . When Tymmon realizes that Troff can pose as a dog , he and Troff leave the forest together . As they travel , Tymmon sees the poverty and suffering of peasants ravaged by feudalistic greed . In the city he discovers that with his talent for music and joking , inherited from his father , he and Troff can make people happy . Beyond that , performing enables him to communicate with people from all walks of life . Of Song of the Gargolye , Zilpha Keatley Snyder says , `` High among the periods that inspired my childhood dreamscapes were the middle ages . Not a very specific or historic middle ages , actually , so much as a fantasy world peopled by beautiful princesses and -- most especially -- by noble knights . I especially liked the knights . No doubt due , at least in part , to the fact that they rode horses . ( I was also enamored of cowboys . ) However , when I grew older and less romantic , I began to look at my hardware-clad heroes from a more critical point of view . Knights , I discovered , were often a pretty cruel and bloodthirsty bunch , not to mention ignorant and superstitious ... So when I got around to setting a story in their time , I cast about for a hero or two with a better odor . And the result was Tymmon and his father , Komus . And Troff ? Just another tribute to the memory of various more-or-less miraculous four-legged friends . '' Category : American children 's novels Category :1991 American novels", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5adc5e84e1a9a2bd6ba76fef1b05f07f", "text": "A Wizard of Earthsea A Wizard of Earthsea is a young adult fantasy novel written by the American author Ursula K. Le Guin , first published by the small press Parnassus in 1968 . The novel received highly positive reviews , initially as a work for children , and later among a general audience as well . Set in the fictional archipelago of Earthsea , the story centers around a young mage named Ged , born in a village on the island Gont . Displaying great power while still a boy , he joins the school of wizardry , where his prickly nature drives him into conflict with one of his fellows . During a magical duel , Ged 's spell goes awry and releases a shadow creature that attacks him . The novel follows his journey as he seeks to be free of the creature . The book has often been described as a Bildungsroman or coming of age story , as it explores Ged 's process of learning to cope with power and come to terms with death . The novel also carries Taoist themes about a fundamental balance in the universe of Earthsea , which wizards are supposed to maintain , closely tied to the idea that language and names have power to affect the material world and alter this balance . Although the structure of the story is similar to that of a traditional epic , critics also described it as subverting this genre in many ways , such as by making the protagonist dark-skinned , in comparison to more typical white-skinned heroes . A Wizard of Earthsea is widely regarded as a classic of fantasy and young-adult literature and was one of the final recipients of the Lewis Carroll Shelf Award . The book was widely influential within the genre of fantasy ; Margaret Atwood , for instance , called A Wizard of Earthsea one of the `` wellsprings '' of fantasy literature . Le Guin would later write five subsequent books that , together with A Wizard of Earthsea , are referred to as the Earthsea Cycle : The Tombs of Atuan ( 1971 ) , The Farthest Shore ( 1972 ) , Tehanu ( 1990 ) , The Other Wind ( 2001 ) , and Tales from Earthsea ( 2001 ) . George Slusser has described the series as a `` work of high style and imagination '' .", "title": "" } ]	fever
a6d67841ff9b08c850946a33317f5c99	Priyanka Chopra promotes women's rights.	[ { "docid": "26be0d7667a657d8cda6b2090b221e13", "text": "Priyanka Chopra Priyanka Chopra ( -LSB- prɪˈjaːŋkaː ˈtʃoːpɽaː -RSB- ; born 18 July 1982 ) is an Indian actress , singer , film producer , philanthropist , and the winner of the Miss World 2000 pageant . One of India 's highest-paid and most popular celebrities , Chopra has received numerous awards , including a National Film Award and five Filmfare Awards . In 2016 , the Government of India honoured her with the Padma Shri , the fourth highest civilian award , and Time magazine named her one of the 100 most influential people in the world . In 2017 , she has been honoured with Dadasaheb Phalke Award - India 's highest award in cinema , becoming the first actress to win in the category `` International Acclaimed Actress Award '' . Although Chopra initially aspired to study aeronautical engineering , she accepted offers to join the Indian film industry , which came as a result of her pageant wins , making her Bollywood debut in The Hero ( 2003 ) . She played the leading lady in the box-office hits Andaaz ( 2003 ) and Mujhse Shaadi Karogi ( 2004 ) , and earned praise for her breakout role in the 2004 thriller Aitraaz . In 2006 , Chopra established herself as a leading actress of Indian cinema with starring roles in the top-grossing productions Krrish and Don . Following a brief setback , she received critical acclaim for playing a troubled model in the drama Fashion ( 2008 ) , which won her the Filmfare and National Film Award for Best Actress . Chopra subsequently gained wider recognition for portraying a range of characters in the films Kaminey ( 2009 ) , 7 Khoon Maaf ( 2011 ) , Barfi ! ( 2012 ) , Mary Kom ( 2014 ) , Dil Dhadakne Do ( 2015 ) and Bajirao Mastani ( 2015 ) , all of which garnered her several awards and nominations . In 2015 , she began starring as Alex Parrish on the ABC thriller series Quantico , becoming the first South Asian to headline an American network series . In addition to her acting career , Chopra is noted for her philanthropic work . She has worked with UNICEF for the last ten years and was appointed as the national and global UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador for Child Rights in 2010 and 2016 respectively . She promotes various causes such as environment , health and education , and women 's rights and is particularly vocal about gender equality and feminism . Chopra 's off-screen life is the subject of substantial media coverage . As a recording artist , she has released three singles . She is also the founder of the production company Purple Pebble Pictures , which released the acclaimed Marathi comedy-drama Ventilator ( 2016 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f34e972f9038430d6efa7228e7a673b2", "text": "Feminism Feminism is a range of political movements , ideologies , and social movements that share a common goal : to define , establish , and achieve political , economic , personal , and social rights for women . This includes seeking to establish educational and professional opportunities for women that are equal to such opportunities for men . Feminist movements have campaigned and continue to campaign for women 's rights , including the right to vote , to hold public office , to work , to earn fair wages or equal pay , to own property , to receive education , to enter contracts , to have equal rights within marriage , and to have maternity leave . Feminists have also worked to promote bodily autonomy and integrity , and to protect women and girls from rape , sexual harassment , and domestic violence . Feminist campaigns are generally considered to be a main force behind major historical societal changes for women 's rights , particularly in the West , where they are near-universally credited with achieving women 's suffrage , gender neutrality in English , reproductive rights for women ( including access to contraceptives and abortion ) , and the right to enter into contracts and own property . Although feminist advocacy is , and has been , mainly focused on women 's rights , some feminists , including bell hooks , argue for the inclusion of men 's liberation within its aims because men are also harmed by traditional gender roles . Feminist theory , which emerged from feminist movements , aims to understand the nature of gender inequality by examining women 's social roles and lived experience ; it has developed theories in a variety of disciplines in order to respond to issues concerning gender . Numerous feminist movements and ideologies have developed over the years and represent different viewpoints and aims . Some forms of feminism have been criticized for taking into account only white , middle class , and college-educated perspectives . This criticism led to the creation of ethnically specific or multicultural forms of feminism , including black feminism and intersectional feminism .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "15de4fea6d1defb9167a6e11108320bb", "text": "Cinema of India The cinema of India consists of films produced across India . Cinema as a medium has gained immense popularity in the country and as many as 1,600 films in various languages of India are produced annually . Indian films have also come to be followed throughout South Asia , the Greater Middle East , Southeast Asia and other countries . Dadasaheb Phalke is known as the `` father of Indian cinema '' . The Dadasaheb Phalke Award , for lifetime contribution to cinema , was instituted in his honour , by the Government of India in 1969 , and is the most prestigious and coveted award in Indian cinema . In the 20th century , Indian cinema , along with the Hollywood and Chinese film industries , became a global enterprise . As of 2013 , in terms of annual film output , India ranks first , followed by Nollywood , Hollywood and China . In 2012 , India produced 1,602 feature films . The Indian film industry reached overall revenues of $ 1.86 billion ( 93 billion ) in 2011 . This is projected to rise to $ 3 billion ( 200 billion ) in 2016 . In 2015 , India had a total box office gross of , the fourth largest in the world outside North America . Enhanced technology paved the way for upgrading from established cinematic norms of delivering product , altering the manner in which content reached the target audience . Biopics like Dangal and CGI-laden epics like Baahubali emerged as transnational blockbusters grossing over $ 200 million each in early 21st century . Indian cinema found markets in over 90 countries where films from India are screened . The Indian government extended film delegations to foreign countries such as the United States of America and Japan while the country 's Film Producers Guild sent similar missions through Europe . The provision of 100 % foreign direct investment has made the Indian film market attractive for foreign enterprises such as 20th Century Fox , Sony Pictures , Walt Disney Pictures and Warner Bros. . Indian enterprises such as AVM Productions , Prasad 's Group , Sun Pictures , PVP Cinemas , Zee , UTV , Suresh Productions , Eros Films , Ayngaran International , Pyramid Saimira , Aascar Films and Adlabs also participated in producing and distributing films . Tax incentives to multiplexes have aided the multiplex boom in India . By 2003 as many as 30 film production companies had been listed in the National Stock Exchange of India , making the commercial presence of the medium felt . The South Indian film industry defines the four film cultures of South India as a single entity . They are the Telugu , the Tamil , the Malayalam and the Kannada industries . Although developed independently over a long period , gross exchange of film performers and technicians as well as globalisation helped to shape this new identity . The Indian diaspora consists of millions of Indians overseas for which films are made available both through media such as DVDs and by screening of films in their country of residence wherever commercially feasible . These earnings , accounting for some 12 % of the revenue generated by a mainstream film , contribute substantially to the overall revenue of Indian cinema , the net worth of which was found to be 1.3 billion in 2000 . Music in Indian cinema is another substantial revenue generator with the music rights alone accounting for 4 -- 5 % of the net revenues generated by a film in India .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "399c0511c001acd9e083df5aa9abc4c8", "text": "Social movement in India From the early 1970s new forms of social mobilisation began in India . They gained a variety of names such as social movement , people 's movement , popular movements etc. . These movements emerged and highlighted some of the major issues such as gender and environment . One of the leading analyst and participant in social movements in India , Sanjay Sangvi , identified the major agendas of them as `` Movements of landless , unorganised labour in rural and urban areas , adivasis , dalits , displaced people , peasants , urban poor , small entrepreneurs and unemployed youth took up the issues of livelihood , opportunities , dignity and development . '' Most well known movements in the country are Chipko movement , Save Silent Valley , Narmada Bachao Andolan , Koel Karo , Chhattisgarh Mukti Morcha , Jhola Aandolan chutmarika ( fighting polythene ) , Appiko movement , Save Kudremukh , Lok Satta Movement , Swadhyay Movement , Swatantra Sharad Joshi , Karnataka Rajya Raitha Sangha These movements largely distanced themselves from political parties , or tried to cut across the ideologies of the political parties . Yet many of them rooted themselves or drew from ideologies of the Mahatma Gandhi , various shades environmentalisms or gender politics , or socialism . The most recent of social movements is ` Campaign against corruption ' , April 2011 , led by a group of social activists - Anna Hazare , Arvind Kejriwal , Kiran Bedi , a Gandhian sits on , Sri Ram Burgula the heart of New Delhi , capital of India , for fast unto death , demanding enactment of the long pending Jan Lokpal Bill . This movement got support of general masses and media . This created a buzz when political leaders were denied sharing of dias with the social activists . This movement is a landmark in the constitutional history of independent India , which has forced government to include 5 non-official members in the Sri Ram Burgula Bill Drafting committee . Usually , only ministers are members of any legislation drafting committees . While enactment of the law and action by Sri Ram Burgula and Sri Ram Burgula ( ombudsmen ) will take some more time to be on actual ground , this movement has certainly made corruption a major social issue in India . Some of the popular leaders of such movements are Sunderlal Bahuguna , Medha Patkar , Baba Amte , Vandana Shiva , Vijaypal Baghel , etc. .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b93cda97198ae0e2cdcb9496cab52c29", "text": "Self Employed Women's Association Self-Employed Women 's Association ( SEWA ) , meaning `` service '' in several Indian languages , is a trade union based in Ahmedabad , India that promotes the rights of low-income , independently-employed female workers . With over 2 million participating women , SEWA is the largest organization of informal workers in the world and largest non-profit in India ( Chen et . al. 2015 ) . Self-employed women are defined as those who do not receive a salary like that of formally-employed workers and therefore have a more precarious income and life . SEWA is framed around the goal of full employment in which a women secures for her family : income , food , health care , child care , and shelter . The principles behind accomplishing these goals are struggle and development , meaning negotiating with stakeholders and providing services , respectively . SEWA was founded in 1972 by Gandhian and civil rights leader Ela Bhatt as a branch of Textile Labour Association ( TLA ) , a labour union founded by Gandhi in 1918 . The organization grew very quickly , with 30,000 members in 1996 , to 318,527 in 2000 , to 1,919,676 in 2013 . Contemporaneous with this uptick in members is a change in India 's economy and society . Liberalizing the economy to foreign trade in 1991 caused a huge migration of rural inhabitants to Indian cities that then forced urban dwellers into informal occupations . Since the financial crisis of 2008 , over 90 % of India 's working population is in the informal sector ( Shakuntala 2015 ) ; yet 94 % of working women in 2009 worked in the informal sector ( Bhatt 2009 ) . India 's history and modern culture of female subjugation also contributes to this disparity because traditional gender roles exclude women from regular , secure forms of labour .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "19240459b5dd0c265664de1b23187870", "text": "Gender feminism Gender feminism is a term used in relation to other forms of feminism . First explicated in the book `` Who Stole Feminism ? '' in 1994 , Christina Hoff Sommers categorized gender feminism as a gynocentric subdivision of feminism . According to Wendy McElroy and Christina Hoff Sommers , gender or political feminism is defined in opposition to individualist feminism . Disapproval of modern-day gender roles and the gradual eradication of them are at the foundation of gender feminism . Gender feminism aims to bring awareness to a perspective on the development of the different sexes Feminism , itself , is defined in Sommers ' book , `` Who Stole Feminism ? '' as a `` collection of movements and ideologies aimed at defining , establishing , and defending equal political , economic , and social rights for women . '' Gender feminism views gender as socially constructed . Furthermore , that this construction of gender is embedded into various aspects of the everyday social order , which consists of power , privileges and economic resources . The term was used especially in the early 1990s to refer to some different concepts . It has been used to distinguish perceived radical feminism in comparison to liberal feminism . It has also been used in relation to some feminists ' arguments about gendering and other topics : that all cognition is gendered and that all knowledge is gendered . Gender reform feminism laid the theoretical groundwork for second-wave feminism . Contrary to equity feminist , who have an exclusive sociopolitical aspiration for men 's and women 's legal and social equality , gender feminist also argue that psychological differences between men and women are adapted from societal acclimation and have little to do with evolution . Critiques Though viewed as the dominant feminist outlook among scholars , as an alternative version of feminism , gender feminism has been met with opposition . Critiques argue that there is science that supports the claim that the sexes are substantially different in a natural and inherent way . Kuhle maintains that due to evolution , regardless of whether they are viewed as equal , men and women have diverse roles in society . Other critiques have said that though feminism is the dismantlement of the patriarchy and challenges gender roles , the notion that gender differences do not exist biologically is problematic . Others argue that every feminist has an altered standpoint on the movement due to the varying hurdles women of different backgrounds come across . This would validate gender feminists in their fight to raise awareness for equality through the belief that gender should not possess as much value in the society as it currently does . Divisions in feminist ideology have caused many to question the cohesiveness of the feminist movement as a whole and if devoting their efforts to the movement would genuinely be beneficial . Although , varying perspectives have hindered the collaboration of some feminist subdivisions , a common interest in the upward mobilization of women as a whole has prompted a desire for a more inclusive and universal feminist movement . A category of anti-gender feminism has also been described .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "56614c841b36cacfc3575f41607e82a0", "text": "Priyanka Bose Priyanka Bose is an Indian film actress and model . Active on stage and in films , she is best known for her role in the award-winning Italian film Gangor among others . Priyanka started her film career with small roles in Love Sex aur Dhokha , Sorry Bhai ! , Johnny Gaddar and Guzaarish . Her first film in a lead role was Gangor by the Italian director , Italo Spinelli in 2010 . She gained recognition as an actress with her power-packed performance as a tribal woman in the film and went on to win the best actress award at the New Jersey Independent South Asian Film Festival .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a116b559acb4637514fb751882ccb801", "text": "Elective rights Two central issues for democracies are the right to candidate , and suffrage or the franchise -- that is , the decision as to who is entitled to vote . For example , Athenian democracy limited the vote to male citizens , while slaves , foreigners , and women of any status were excluded . Requirements and exclusions such as these , along with racial prohibitions , have been common in democracies . The definition of legal personhood has been historically tied up with these questions . Generally , franchise is restricted on account of one or more of the following : age ( in all democracies ) , gender , nationality , race , religion , wealth , birth ( e.g. , inherited social status ) , education , previous crimes , etc. . Most contemporary democracies agree that only age , citizenship and ( in some jurisdictions ) serious , previously-committed crimes are the only of these restrictions which apply . One prominent exception to this is the limited representation available for denizens of the capital of the United States , Washington , DC ( see District of Columbia voting rights ) . A recent example of how the `` right to vote '' changed over history is New Zealand , which was the first country to give women the right to vote ( September 19 , 1893 ) , though not the right to be elected . The participation in politics via both candidacy and suffrage in Europe and the Americas is , largely , a 20th-century phenomenon . Sex equity has been recognized in other ways in other societies , however . The Iroquois Confederacy gave a strong political role to women perhaps to as far back as its origins in the 12th century , although , as in 19th century New Zealand , this was expressed as support for a specific male , not the right to sit in council . The Iroquois Confederacy , like many Native American societies , recognized rituals to allow post-menopausal or powerful widowed women to assume the role of a man -- because of this , it is possible that at some point in its history , the Confederacy permitted a full and formal role to women . Some limited ( to a greater or lesser degree ) alternative voting and official appointing systems claim to be democratic . One-party states such as the People 's Republic of China apply a limited form of disapproval voting that helps to signal the acceptance of those promoted into new posts . Those who do not receive very high ( over 80 % ) acceptance generally rise no further in rank or position . Under perestroika , shortly before its collapse , the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics under Mikhail Gorbachev implemented reforms to allow multiple candidates , all from the local Communist Party , to run against each other . Such methods are not generally viewed as providing an equivalent political expression to the right to replace an entire centralized power group by way of election , as can occur in a multi-party system . Another means of limited democracy is that practiced in the Islamic Republic of Iran , where the right to run as a candidate is controlled by the religious authorities . Such groups as the Communist Party and the Green Party of Iran are excluded from the slate of candidates . Recent elections in Iran have suffered from very low turnout . In the United States of America , restrictions on the right to vote due to property ownership or lack thereof , and in some places literacy , were common until the Voting Rights Act of 1965 . Today all but a few states deny the right to vote to those who have been convicted of a felony at any point in their past ( voting rights are , in some cases , restored via executive ( on the state or federal level ) pardon ) . In the European Union every citizen has the right to participate in the elections of the European Parliament . Not every vote is counted equally , however : Voters from bigger countries are significantly underrepresented relative to voters from smaller countries . E.g. , a vote from Luxembourg carries 12 times as much weight as does a vote from Germany . Many places have similar problems with the distribution of votes per region . In the US , a Californian vote carries four times the weight of a Montana vote in the presidential election . Category : Democracy", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b408f9cf2c88e9e18bd9f8bd65ab3970", "text": "Welfare schemes for women in India Under Article 15 ( 3 ) , the Constitution of India allows for positive discrimination in favor of women . The article , under right to equality , states : `` Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making any special provision for women and children . '' In addition , the directive principles of State Policy 39 ( a ) state that : `` The State shall , in particular , direct its policy towards securing that the citizens , men and women equally , have the right to an adequate means of livelihood . '' The Rashtriya Mahila Kosh ( National Credit Fund for Women ) was set up in 1993 to make credit available for lower income women in India . More recent programmes initiated by the Government of India include the Mother and Child Tracking System ( MCTS ) , the Indira Gandhi Matritva Sahyog Yojana Conditional Maternity Benefit plan ( CMB ) , and the Rajiv Gandhi Scheme for Empowerment of Adolescent Girls -- Sabla .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b2d61567281bb802ecc124e5672bb198", "text": "Alka Amin Alka Amin is an Indian television actress . Her notable performances include playing Veena Chopra in Parichay .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "72040d89b150183f8219c1b2f4351d5b", "text": "Women of Russia Women of Russia ( , Zhenshchiny Rossii , ZhR ) was a political party in Russia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "13312bdd4937a2bfee38880c58fb5b8b", "text": "Platform (1993 film) Platform is a 1993 Bollywood action film directed by Deepak Pawar and starring Ajay Devgan in the lead , with Tisca Chopra ( Credited as Priya Arora , her screen name before marriage ) , Prithvi , and Paresh Rawal .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8702663a1b75ade3162d5b80491f2692", "text": "Tisca Chopra Tisca Chopra ( born Tisca Zareen Arora ) is an Indian actress , author and producer . She has acted in over 45 feature films in different languages with many eminent directors like Aamir Khan , Prakash Jha , Madhur Bhandarkar , Abhinay Deo , Nagesh Kukunoor and Anup Singh . ` Taare Zameen Par ' , her best known feature film , was India 's official entry to the Academy Awards . It also won her Filmfare and other top nominations . Another feature film , Qissa , premiered at the Toronto Film Festival in 2013 , and won the prestigious NETPAC Award for Best Asian Film . The film has traveled to over 20 festivals , winning over almost all top awards and much appreciation from audiences and critics . Tisca did her Bachelors in Literature from University of Delhi and worked extensively in theatre . She has honed her craft with Naseeruddin Shah & theatre director Feroz Khan . Her performance in the Pulitzer Award winning play , ` Dinner With Friends ' , that deals with the state of the modern marriage , was a hit in India , South East Asia & the Middle East , garnering praise from both , critics and audiences . A practicing Buddhist , she consistently works on issues especially those of gender equality , the girl child and the environment . She has worked with Sam Pitroda on the National Knowledge Commission , to help with revamping the education system . Her book Acting Smart ( Harper Collins ) , is a best seller and is being translated into Hindi . Tisca has been nominated at the New York Indian Film Festival for Best Actress for her work in ` 10Ml Love ' , a film based on A Mid Summer Night 's Dream . . The series won Best Ensemble Cast . She 's been on the Jury of the prestigious MAMI ( Mumbai Academy Of Moving Images ) film festival . Chutney , a short film she wrote and produced under her company , The Eastern Way won two Filmfare Awards ( Best Actress & Best Short Film ) . She is now developing two feature film scripts . Her upcoming projects are ` Bioscopewala ' , ` 3Dev ' & ` The Hungry ' ( which is based on the Shakespeare play `` Titus Andronicus '' ) . One of the most beautiful and stylish actresses , Tisca is often on best-dressed list and a favourite with advertisers , endorsing brands like Tanishq , Titan Eye Wear , Olay , Horlicks , Marks & Spencers , Godrej , Bajaj Motors and Kellogs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "77a15b474b9d6b8aff145986bc8697c4", "text": "Gender mainstreaming Gender mainstreaming is the public policy concept of assessing the different implications for women and men of any planned policy action , including legislation and programmes , in all areas and levels . Mainstreaming essentially offers a pluralistic approach that values the diversity among both men and women . The concept of gender mainstreaming was first proposed at the 1985 Third World Conference on Women in Nairobi , Kenya . The idea has been pushed in the United Nations development community . The idea was formally featured in 1995 at the Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing , China , and was cited in the document that resulted from the conference , the Beijing Platform for Action .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "683119452c21a9f2b808130064f0bb81", "text": "The Women's Conference The Women 's Conference ( also known as the California Governor & First Lady 's Conference on Women ) is a nonprofit , nonpartisan US organization and annual forum for women . The event first began in 1986 as a California government initiative for working professionals and women business owners . Since 2004 , The Women 's Conference has become a large event at which people such as the Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso , former UK Prime Minister Tony Blair , Oprah Winfrey , Barbara Walters , Jane Fonda , Martha Stewart , Tyra Banks , Sarah , Duchess of York , Tim Russert , Deepak Chopra , Tom Brokaw , Queen Rania of Jordan , Maureen Dowd , Sandra Day O'Connor , Thomas Friedman , Anna Quindlen , and Billie Jean King have spoken . Restructured by Shriver in 2010 , The Women 's Conference reportedly became the `` largest meeting of women in the country '' and a celebration of `` lives and lessons '' . Now known as the California Women 's Conference , its main stage presentations and seminar sessions have addressed personal topics such as work-life balance , service and volunteerism , healthy lifestyles , spirituality and families , professional issues such as professional development , financial planning , entrepreneurialism and communications , as well as social issues like women 's maternal health , global poverty , climate change and emergency preparedness . The event is staged at the Long Beach Convention Center in Long Beach , California , usually in the fall . Every year , substantial portions of the event are made available free through a live streaming webcast at The Women 's Conference 's web site .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "512bd1cdfcf26d0910e53af15261f5e8", "text": "Sisters of '77 Sisters of '77 is a documentary film that chronicles the 1977 National Women 's Conference in Houston , Texas in November 1977 . The purpose of the National Women 's Conference was to end discrimination against women and promote their equal rights . The conference was federally funded conference , and brought together over 20,000 women and men from around the United States . Sisters of '77 provides a look at a pivotal weekend that changed the course of history and the lives of the women who attended . The film incorporates rare archival footage and interviews of leaders relating this history to the present . The conference attendees included former first ladies Lady Bird Johnson , Betty Ford , and Rosalynn Carter . The women present included Republicans , Democrats , African Americans , Asian Americans , Latinas , Native American , pro-choice , pro-life , straight , gay , liberal and conservative women . The most influential leaders attending included Bella Abzug , Betty Friedan , Gloria Steinem , Eleanor Smeal , Ann Richards , Coretta Scott King , Billie Jean King , and Barbara Jordan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "303bcfeee7d3c05f76d7e1dc02dce428", "text": "Ram Chahe Leela `` Ram Chahe Leela '' ( Ram Loves Leela ) is a 2013 item number featuring Priyanka Chopra and Ranveer Singh from the film Goliyon Ki Raasleela Ram-Leela directed by Sanjay Leela Bhansali . The song was sung by Bhoomi Trivedi and was written by Siddharth-Garima and was composed by Bhansali . The song is love ballad . The song and video became a hit shortly after its release , with the song topping the charts in India . The video features Priyanka Chopra as a nautch girl performing mujra signing about the relationship between Ram and Leela . The video was choreographed by Prabhudeva 's brother VishnuDeva and was directed by Bhansali . The song features new dance steps , mostly complicated ones . Priyanka was praised for her dance and her look from the song was widely covered by the media .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9561c3b5e88024fbac79fc5fb4d1699a", "text": "REAL Women of Canada REAL Women of Canada ( Vraies Femmes du Canada in French ) is a socially conservative advocacy group in Canada . The organization was founded in 1983 . REAL stands for `` Realistic , Equal , Active , for Life '' . The group believes that the nuclear family is the most important unit in Canadian society , and that the fragmentation of the Canadian family is a primary cause of social disorder . It lobbies the Government of Canada in favour of legislation to promote what it believes to be the Judeo-Christian model of family life , and to support homemaking . It is also opposed to feminism , abortion and LGBT rights ( and same-sex marriage in Canada as well ) . The group has intervened in Supreme Court of Canada cases such as R. v. Morgentaler ( 1993 ) and M. v. H. ( 1999 ) . In R. v. Sullivan ( 1991 ) it argued that a fetus is a person . Its objectives are , according to its website : To reaffirm that the family is society 's most important unit , since the nurturing of its members is best accomplished in the family setting . To promote the equality , advancement and well being of women , recognizing them as interdependent members of society , whether in the family , workplace or community . To promote , secure and defend legislation which upholds what it considers the Judeo-Christian understanding of marriage and family life . To support government and social policies that make homemaking possible for women who , out of necessity , would otherwise have to take employment outside the home . To support the right to life of all innocent individuals from conception to natural death . Part of their economic policies to help meet their objectives are increased tax relief for single-income families , families with children , and individuals with children . REAL Women is similar in political and social outlook to Phyllis Schlafly 's Eagle Forum and to Concerned Women for America in the United States . The organization has also heavily criticized individuals who have spoken out against Uganda 's criminalization of homosexual relations . On August 7 , 2013 , the group issued a statement criticizing Foreign Affairs Minister John Baird for speaking out on LGBT human rights issues in both Uganda and Russia as part of Canada 's foreign policy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b786505415f45af2540fee3f4b01752a", "text": "Female infanticide Female infanticide is the deliberate killing of newborn female children . In countries with a history of female infanticide , the modern practice of sex-selective abortion is often discussed as a closely related issue . Female infanticide is a major cause of concern in several nations such as China and India . It has been argued that the `` low status '' in which women are viewed in patriarchal societies creates a bias against females . In 1978 , anthropologist Laila Williamson , in a summary of data she had collated on how widespread infanticide was among both tribal and developed , or `` civilized '' nations , found that infanticide had occurred on every continent and was carried out by groups ranging from hunter gatherers to highly developed societies and that rather than this practice being an exception , it has been commonplace . The practice has been well documented among the indigenous peoples of Australia , Northern Alaska and South Asia , and Barbara Miller argues the practice to be `` almost universal '' , even in the West . Miller contends that in regions where women are not employed in agriculture and regions in which dowries are the norm then female infanticide is commonplace , and in 1871 in The Descent of Man , and Selection in Relation to Sex , Charles Darwin wrote that the practice was commonplace among the aboriginal tribes of Australia . In 1990 , Amartya Sen writing in the New York Review of Books estimated that there were 100 million fewer women in Asia than would be expected , and that this amount of `` missing '' women `` tell -LSB- s -RSB- us , quietly , a terrible story of inequality and neglect leading to the excess mortality of women . '' Initially Sen 's suggestion of gender bias was contested and it was suggested that hepatitis B was the cause of the alteration in the natural sex ratio . However it is now widely accepted that the numerical worldwide deficit in women , is due to gender specific abortions , infanticide and neglect . In seventh-century Arabia , before Islamic culture became established , female infanticide was widely practiced . This is attributed by scholars to the fact that women were deemed `` property '' within those societies . Others have speculated that to prevent their daughters from a life of misery , the mothers would kill the child . With the arrival of Islamic rule the practice was made illegal .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "20af63b64ad06eace5a81676b87b6a89", "text": "Miss World 2001 Miss World 2001 , the 51st edition of the Miss World pageant , was held on 16 November 2001 at the Super Bowl of Sun City Entertainment Centre in Sun City , South Africa . 93 contestants from all over the world competed for the title . Priyanka Chopra of India crowned her successor Agbani Darego of Nigeria at the end of the event . This is the first time Nigeria won the title of Miss World . The Miss World 2001 contest was expecting 107 delegates from around the planet to compete in the 51st version of the pageant ; however September 11 attacks , added to economic and other matters , were responsible for several delegates not showing up .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9c8b1c75572bfe8c45e60c5576ebeb04", "text": "Maid in India Maid in India is an Indian Web Series created by Web Talkies . The story revolves around India 's most iconic Maid , Priyanka Bai who is a witty and progressive .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2cd6c4a4f69172abdc47caf07122b04e", "text": "List of accolades received by Mary Kom (film) Mary Kom is a 2014 Indian biographical sports drama film directed by Omung Kumar and produced by Sanjay Leela Bhansali and Viacom 18 Motion Pictures . The film features Priyanka Chopra in the lead role as the boxer Mary Kom , with Darshan Kumar and Sunil Thapa in supporting roles as her husband and mentor , Onler Kom and M. Narjit Singh respectively . The film was written by Saiwyn Quadras , with the cinematography provided by Keiko Nakahara while Bhansali co-edited the film with Rajesh G. Pandey . The film follows Kom 's journey of becoming a boxer to her victory at the 2008 World Boxing Championships in Ningbo , China . Before its theatrical release on 5 September 2014 , the film premiered at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival , where it became the first Hindi film to be screened on the opening night of the film festival . The film received generally positive reviews from critics and was a commercial success . It grossed at the box-office against a budget of . Mary Kom has received various awards and nominations , with praise for its direction , Chopra 's performance , screenplay , editing , background score , and costume design . As of August 2015 , the film has won 20 awards . At the 62nd National Film Awards , the film won the National Film Award for Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment . It was nominated for Best Film , and Best Actress for Chopra at the 60th Filmfare Awards . Mary Kom received ten nominations at the 2014 Star Guild Awards , including Best Film and Best Director , winning five awards : Best Actress in a Leading Role for Chopra , Best Debut Director for Kumar , Best Costume Design , Dialogue of the Year , and the Guild Presidents Award for Best Film . The film garnered eight nominations at the 21st Screen Awards , winning Best Actress for Chopra .", "title": "" } ]	fever
5fe2129f0d7a460afca9e32659c18653	Mother Teresa lived in India.	[ { "docid": "c6b3b94b92237afefefc8a8039a1cbe4", "text": "Mother Teresa Mother Teresa , known in the Catholic Church as Saint Teresa of Calcutta ( born Anjezë Gonxhe Bojaxhiu ; -LSB- aˈɲɛzə ˈɡɔndʒɛ bɔjaˈdʒiu -RSB- ; 26 August 1910 -- 5 September 1997 ) , was an Albanian-Indian Roman Catholic nun and missionary . She was born in Skopje ( now the capital of the Republic of Macedonia ) , then part of the Kosovo Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire . After living in Macedonia for eighteen years she moved to Ireland and then to India , where she lived for most of her life . In 1950 Teresa founded the Missionaries of Charity , a Roman Catholic religious congregation which had over 4,500 sisters and was active in 133 countries in 2012 . The congregation manages homes for people dying of HIV/AIDS , leprosy and tuberculosis ; soup kitchens ; dispensaries and mobile clinics ; children 's - and family-counselling programmes ; orphanages , and schools . Members , who take vows of chastity , poverty , and obedience , also profess a fourth vow : to give `` wholehearted free service to the poorest of the poor '' . Teresa received a number of honours , including the 1962 Ramon Magsaysay Peace Prize and 1979 Nobel Peace Prize . She was canonised ( recognised by the church as a saint ) on 4 September 2016 , and the anniversary of her death ( 5 September ) is her feast day . A controversial figure during her life and after her death , Teresa was admired by many for her charitable work . She was praised and criticised for her opposition to abortion , and criticised for poor conditions in her houses for the dying . Her authorised biography was written by Navin Chawla and published in 1992 , and she has been the subject of films and other books .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "62a1b9071d7d65e699424385caff55c3", "text": "Teresa Janina Kierocińska Venerable Mother Teresa Kierocińska ( in religious , Janina ) was born on 14 June 1885 in Wieluń , in a large , patriotic family . She finished high school in Wieluń . Janina felt the need for total devotion to God on the day of her First Holy Communion but she could n't follow her call because of the refusal of the family , especially her father . At home she led a life of prayer , deep devotion , self-denial and love towards her neighbours . During her adolescence she came to know the works of Saint Teresa of Jesus which were a great influence in her spiritual life . From 1909 , Anzelm Gądek , a Servant of God and a Discalced Carmelite , became her spiritual guide . It was he who founded the first active-contemplative Congregation of the Carmelite Sisters of the Child Jesus , on 31 December 1921 . Janina became the first mother superior and a co-founder of the Congregation . From that time on , as Mother Teresa of St. Joseph , she started her service to God and people , poorest both in moral and material sense , in the district of Sosnowiec . She had been the superior of the congregation for 25 years , till the day of her death . She followed the constitution of the congregation forming the life of the sisters in the spirit of the Divine Childhood and apostolic and charitable work among the poor . She had a special veneration to the Infant Jesus , Holy Eucharist , the most Holy Face of Jesus , Our Lady of Mt Carmel , and St. Joseph . During the Second World War , she showed heroic courage saving many young girls from deportation to Germany by hiding them in the cloister . She helped refugees , soldiers of the Home Army , organized an orphanage and a canteen for the poor , and taught them clandestinely . In 1992 , she was posthumously honored by Yad Vashem in Jerusalem as Righteous Among the Nations for saving Jewish refugees . After the Second World War , she was actively involved in new tasks of the Catholic Church in Poland . The people of Zagłębie district considered her to be simply their Mother . The sisters of the congregation taught catechism in the schools , ran a kindergarten and performed works of charity . Her deep union with God was shown by magnanimous and servantlike love of neighbour . Throughout her life she cultivated the spirit of prayer and Carmelite self-denial . She died in the opinion of holiness on 12 July 1946 in Sosnowiec . The process of her cause towards sainthood in the Archdiocese of Częstochowa lasted from 1983-88 . In May 2013 , Pope Francis signed the decree of her heroic virtues . Her earthly remains are found in the church of her congregation in Sosnowiec ( ul . Matki Teresy Kierocińskiej 25 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6ba869b1793998a95b3a94e45265b703", "text": "Mizoram Mizoram ( -LSB- langpronaudio = Mizorampron.oggmɪˈzɔərəm -RSB- ) is one of the states of Northeast India , with Aizawl as its capital city . The name is derived from Mi ( people ) , Zo ( lofty place , such as a hill ) and Ram ( land ) , and thus Mizoram implies `` land of the hill people '' . In the northeast , it is the southern most landlocked state sharing borders with three of the Seven , now with the addition of Sikkim , Eight sister states , namely Tripura , Assam , Manipur . The state also shares a 722 kilometre border with the neighbouring countries of Bangladesh and Myanmar . Like several other northeastern states of India , Mizoram was previously part of Assam until 1972 , when it was carved out as a Union Territory . It became the 23rd state of India , a step above Union Territory , on 20 February 1987 , with Fifty-Third Amendment of Indian Constitution ,1986 . Mizoram 's population was 1,091,014 , according to a 2011 census . It is the 2nd least populous state in the country . Mizoram covers an area of approximately 21,087 square kilometres . About 91 % of the state is forested . About 95 % of the current population is of diverse tribal origins who settled in the state , mostly from Southeast Asia , over waves of migration starting about the 16th century but mainly in the 18th century . This is the highest concentration of tribal people among all states of India , and they are currently protected under Indian constitution as a Scheduled Tribe . Mizoram is one of three states of India with a Christian majority ( 87 % ) . Its people belong to various denominations , mostly Presbyterian in its north and Baptists in south . Mizoram is a highly literate agrarian economy , but suffers from slash-and-burn jhum or shifting cultivation , and poor crop yields . In recent years , the jhum farming practices are steadily being replaced with a significant horticulture and bamboo products industry . The state 's gross state domestic product for 2012 was estimated at . About 20 % of Mizoram 's population lives below poverty line , with 35 % rural poverty . The state has about 871 kilometres of national highways , with NH-54 and NH-150 connecting it to Assam and Manipur respectively . It is also a growing transit point for trade with Myanmar and Bangladesh .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "07877af69c0d50e14f25743012a46e28", "text": "Floods in India Flooding occurs when extreme volume of water is dried by rivers , creeks and many other geographical features into areas where the water can not be drained adequately . Often during times of heavy rainfall , drainage systems in residential areas are not adequate , or unchecked civil development severely impedes the functionality of an otherwise acceptable drainage system . Floods cause extremely large numbers of fatalities in every country , but due to India 's extremely high population density and often under-enforced development standards , large amount of damages and many deaths which could be otherwise avoided , are allowed to happen . India witnesses flood due to excessive rain which then results in overflow of rivers , lakes and dams , which adds to cause large amounts of damage to people 's lives and property . In the past , India has witnessed many of the largest , most catastrophic floods , causing irreparable damage to people 's livelihood , property , and crucial infrastructure . This is a list of notable recorded floods that have occurred in India .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "88c84e9fa6430a3081d5c9bedebdd975", "text": "St. Mary's Cathedral, Jammu The St. Mary 's Cathedral also called Garrison Church is the name given to a religious building that is affiliated with the Catholic Church and is located in the city of Jammu , the state capital of Jammu and Kashmir , in north part of the Asian country of India . The temple follows the Roman or Latin rite and is the mother or main church of the Diocese of Jammu-Srinagar ( Dioecesis Iammuensis-Srinagarensis ) which was raised to its current status in 1986 by bull `` Qui Sanctissimi numinis '' of Pope John Paul II . It is under the pastoral responsibility of the Bishop Ivan Pereira who was appointed to that position by Pope Francis in 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "da39f9f24e92446f1ee8eba1cfb7edb9", "text": "Buddhism and Hinduism Hinduism and Buddhism have common origins in the Ganges culture of northern India during the so-called `` second urbanisation '' around 500 BCE . They have shared parallel beliefs that have existed side by side , but also pronounced differences . Buddhism attained prominence in the Indian subcontinent as it was supported by royal courts , but started to decline after the Gupta era , and virtually disappeared from India in the 11th century CE , except in some pockets of India . It has continued to exist outside of India and is the major religion in several Asian countries .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cfcae939d9ef44a09feeee3e5d5bfe66", "text": "Poona Pact The Poona Pact refers to an agreement between Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar and Mahatma Gandhi signed on 24 September 1932 at Yerwada Central Jail in Pune , India . It was signed by Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya and Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar and some other leaders to break the fast unto death undertaken by Gandhi in Yerwada prison to annul the Macdonald Award giving separate electorates to Dalits for electing members of state legislative assemblies in British India . History of the Poona Pact The British invited leaders of different parties in the Round Table Conferences in 1930-32 to draft a new law involving self-rule for the Indians . Mahatma Gandhi did not attend the first and the last but attended the second of the Conferences . The concept of separate electorates for the untouch was raised by Ambedkar . Similar provisions were already available for other minorities , including Muslims , Christians , Anglo-Indians and Sikhs . The British government agreed with Ambedkar 's contention and British Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald 's Communal Award to the depressed classes was to be incorporated into the constitution in the governance of British India . Gandhi strongly opposed the Communal Award on the grounds that it would disintegrate Hindu society . Ambedkar vehemently criticised the way of handling the problems of the Harijans by Gandhiji . Gandhi took up a fast unto death in his prison cell in Poona , protesting that separate electorates were a device which would separate the untouchables from the Hindu society forever . He began an indefinite hunger strike at Yerwada Central Jail from 20 September 1932 to protest against this Award . A compromise was reached on 24 September 1932 . The text uses the term `` Depressed Classes '' to denote Untouchables who were later called Scheduled Castes under India Act 1935 , and the later Indian Constitution of 1950 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0a6730d623861b6a1a072d787c38d563", "text": "Economy of Punjab, India According to the 2008 Global Hunger Index , Punjab has the lowest level of hunger in India . Less than one-fourth of children below the age of five are underweight , although Punjab `` came off worse than countries like Gabon and Vietnam when measured on the index '' . Punjab has relatively good infrastructure . This includes road , rail , air and river transport links that are extensive throughout the region . Punjab has also one of the lowest poverty rate in India at 6.16 % ( 1999-2000 figures ) , and has won the best state performance award , based on statistical data compiled by the Indian Government . In 2012 , the state was one of the highest receiver of overall remittances to India which stood at $ 66.13 billion ( 4547429450000.00 Indian Rupees ) , below Kerala , Tamil Nadu and Uttar Pradesh .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5f05c223e2ecfe8a1e31fabd4e4c74ba", "text": "History of Hinduism History of Hinduism denotes a wide variety of related Hindu denominations native to the Indian Subcontinent , most of whom live in modern-day India , Nepal , Pakistan , Bangladesh and Afghanistan . Adherents are also found in the Indonesian island of Bali . Its history overlaps or coincides with the development of Indian religions since Iron Age India . It has thus been called the `` oldest living religion '' in the world . Scholars regard Hinduism as a synthesis of various Indian cultures and traditions , with diverse roots and no single founder or source . The history of Hinduism is often divided into periods of development , with the first period being that of the historical Vedic religion dated from about 1900 BCE to 1400 BCE . The subsequent period , between 800 BCE and 200 BCE , is `` a turning point between the Vedic religion and Hindu religions '' , and a formative period for Hinduism , Jainism and Buddhism . The Epic and Early Puranic period , from c. 200 BCE to 500 CE , saw the classical `` Golden Age '' of Hinduism ( ( c. 320-650 CE ) , which coincides with the Gupta Empire . In this period the six branches of Hindu philosophy evolved , namely Samkhya , Yoga , Nyaya , Vaisheshika , Mīmāṃsā , and Vedanta . Monotheistic sects like Shaivism and Vaishnavism developed during this same period through the Bhakti movement . The period from roughly 650 to 1100 CE forms the late Classical period or early Middle Ages , in which classical Puranic Hinduism is established , and Adi Shankara 's Advaita Vedanta , which incorporated Buddhist thought into Vedanta , marking a shift from realistic to idealistic thought . Hinduism under both Hindu and Islamic rulers from c. 1200 to 1750 CE , saw the increasing prominence of the Bhakti movement , which remains influential today . The colonial period saw the emergence of various Hindu reform movements partly inspired by western movements , such as Unitarianism and Theosophy . The Partition of India in 1947 was along religious lines , with the Republic of India emerging with a Hindu majority . During the 20th century , due to the Indian diaspora , Hindu minorities have formed in all continents , with the largest communities in absolute numbers in the United States and the United Kingdom . In the Republic of India , Hindu nationalism has emerged as a strong political force since the 1980s , the Hindutva Bharatiya Janata Party forming the Government of India from 1999 to 2004 , and its first state government in South India in 2006 , and also the Narendra Modi led Government from 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5d3c2cd25ad8234c405e0026a91c3a66", "text": "Teresa Kearney Teresa Kearney ( Mother Kevin ) ( 1875-1957 ) was a teacher , Franciscan Sister , and missionary . She was born in Knockenrahan , Arklow , Ireland on April 28 , 1875 . At the age of 17 , she became a Junior Assistant Mistress and taught at a school in Essex , England . On December 2 , 1902 , she left to begin missionary work in Nsambya , Uganda . She worked as a Franciscan Sister of Saint Mary 's Abbey , Mill Hill , London . In 1952 Kearney founded the Franciscan Missionary Sisters for Africa . Kearney 's work in East Africa resulted in the formation of multiple hospitals and training of nurses throughout the region . Her name serves as the root of the word Kevina , meaning `` hospital '' or `` charity institute '' in Uganda .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b786505415f45af2540fee3f4b01752a", "text": "Female infanticide Female infanticide is the deliberate killing of newborn female children . In countries with a history of female infanticide , the modern practice of sex-selective abortion is often discussed as a closely related issue . Female infanticide is a major cause of concern in several nations such as China and India . It has been argued that the `` low status '' in which women are viewed in patriarchal societies creates a bias against females . In 1978 , anthropologist Laila Williamson , in a summary of data she had collated on how widespread infanticide was among both tribal and developed , or `` civilized '' nations , found that infanticide had occurred on every continent and was carried out by groups ranging from hunter gatherers to highly developed societies and that rather than this practice being an exception , it has been commonplace . The practice has been well documented among the indigenous peoples of Australia , Northern Alaska and South Asia , and Barbara Miller argues the practice to be `` almost universal '' , even in the West . Miller contends that in regions where women are not employed in agriculture and regions in which dowries are the norm then female infanticide is commonplace , and in 1871 in The Descent of Man , and Selection in Relation to Sex , Charles Darwin wrote that the practice was commonplace among the aboriginal tribes of Australia . In 1990 , Amartya Sen writing in the New York Review of Books estimated that there were 100 million fewer women in Asia than would be expected , and that this amount of `` missing '' women `` tell -LSB- s -RSB- us , quietly , a terrible story of inequality and neglect leading to the excess mortality of women . '' Initially Sen 's suggestion of gender bias was contested and it was suggested that hepatitis B was the cause of the alteration in the natural sex ratio . However it is now widely accepted that the numerical worldwide deficit in women , is due to gender specific abortions , infanticide and neglect . In seventh-century Arabia , before Islamic culture became established , female infanticide was widely practiced . This is attributed by scholars to the fact that women were deemed `` property '' within those societies . Others have speculated that to prevent their daughters from a life of misery , the mothers would kill the child . With the arrival of Islamic rule the practice was made illegal .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fc82aebf0be8086a879c8cf6ed13ca6d", "text": "South Asia South Asia or Southern Asia is a term used to represent the southern region of the Asian continent , which comprises the sub-Himalayan SAARC countries and , for some authorities , adjoining countries to the west and east . Topographically , it is dominated by the Indian Plate , which rises above sea level as Nepal and northern parts of India situated south of the Himalayas and the Hindu Kush . South Asia is bounded on the south by the Indian Ocean and on land ( clockwise , from west ) by West Asia , Central Asia , East Asia , and Southeast Asia . The current territories of Afghanistan , Bangladesh , Bhutan , Maldives , Nepal , India , Pakistan , and Sri Lanka form the countries of South Asia . The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation ( SAARC ) is an economic cooperation organisation in the region which was established in 1985 and includes all eight nations comprising South Asia . South Asia covers about 5.1 million km2 ( 1.9 million mi2 ) , which is 11.51 % of the Asian continent or 3.4 % of the world 's land surface area . The population of South Asia is about 1.749 billion or about one fourth of the world 's population , making it both the most populous and the most densely populated geographical region in the world . Overall , it accounts for about 39.49 % of Asia 's population ( or over 24 % of the world 's population ) and is home to a vast array of peoples . In 2010 , South Asia had the world 's largest population of Hindus , Jains and Sikhs . There are 507 million Muslims as well as over 35 million Christians and 25 million Buddhists in South Asia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "399c0511c001acd9e083df5aa9abc4c8", "text": "Social movement in India From the early 1970s new forms of social mobilisation began in India . They gained a variety of names such as social movement , people 's movement , popular movements etc. . These movements emerged and highlighted some of the major issues such as gender and environment . One of the leading analyst and participant in social movements in India , Sanjay Sangvi , identified the major agendas of them as `` Movements of landless , unorganised labour in rural and urban areas , adivasis , dalits , displaced people , peasants , urban poor , small entrepreneurs and unemployed youth took up the issues of livelihood , opportunities , dignity and development . '' Most well known movements in the country are Chipko movement , Save Silent Valley , Narmada Bachao Andolan , Koel Karo , Chhattisgarh Mukti Morcha , Jhola Aandolan chutmarika ( fighting polythene ) , Appiko movement , Save Kudremukh , Lok Satta Movement , Swadhyay Movement , Swatantra Sharad Joshi , Karnataka Rajya Raitha Sangha These movements largely distanced themselves from political parties , or tried to cut across the ideologies of the political parties . Yet many of them rooted themselves or drew from ideologies of the Mahatma Gandhi , various shades environmentalisms or gender politics , or socialism . The most recent of social movements is ` Campaign against corruption ' , April 2011 , led by a group of social activists - Anna Hazare , Arvind Kejriwal , Kiran Bedi , a Gandhian sits on , Sri Ram Burgula the heart of New Delhi , capital of India , for fast unto death , demanding enactment of the long pending Jan Lokpal Bill . This movement got support of general masses and media . This created a buzz when political leaders were denied sharing of dias with the social activists . This movement is a landmark in the constitutional history of independent India , which has forced government to include 5 non-official members in the Sri Ram Burgula Bill Drafting committee . Usually , only ministers are members of any legislation drafting committees . While enactment of the law and action by Sri Ram Burgula and Sri Ram Burgula ( ombudsmen ) will take some more time to be on actual ground , this movement has certainly made corruption a major social issue in India . Some of the popular leaders of such movements are Sunderlal Bahuguna , Medha Patkar , Baba Amte , Vandana Shiva , Vijaypal Baghel , etc. .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d3f7a5ff6816551e4c55e72969a5e9f5", "text": "Punjab, Pakistan Punjab ( Urdu , Punjabi : , panj-āb , `` five waters '' : ) , is Pakistan 's second largest province by area after Balochistan , and its most populous province with an estimated population of 101,391,000 as of 2015 . It is bordered by Sindh , Balochistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , as well as the regions of Islamabad Capital Territory and the Azad Kashmir . It also shares borders with the Indian states of Punjab , Rajasthan , and Jammu and Kashmir . The provincial capital of Punjab is the city Lahore , a cultural centre of Pakistan where the country 's cinema industry , and much of its fashion industry , are based . Punjab has been inhabited since ancient times . The Indus Valley Civilization , dating to 2600 BCE , was first discovered at Harappa . Punjab features heavily in the Hindu epic poem , the Mahabharata , and is home to Taxila , site of what is considered by many to be the oldest university in the world . In 326 BCE , Alexander the Great defeated King Porus at the Battle of the Hydaspes near Mong , Punjab . The Umayyad empire conquered Punjab in the 8th century CE . Punjab was later invaded by Tamerlane , Babur , and Nader Shah . Punjab reached the height of its splendour during the reign of the Mughal Empire , which for a time ruled from Lahore . Following a successful rebellion , Sikh-led armies claimed Lahore in 1759 . The administration of the Sikh Empire was based out of Lahore , until its defeat by the British . Punjab was central to the independence movements of both India and Pakistan , with Lahore being site of both the Declaration of Indian Independence , and the resolution calling for the establishment of Pakistan . The province was formed when the Punjab province of British India was divided along religious boundaries in 1947 by the Radcliffe Line after Partition . Punjab is Pakistan 's most industrialised province with the industrial sector making up 24 % of the province 's gross domestic product . Punjab is known in Pakistan for its relative prosperity , and has the lowest rate of poverty amongst all Pakistani provinces . A clear divide is present between the northern and southern portions of the province ; with poverty rates in prosperous northern Punjab amongst the lowest in Pakistan , while some in south Punjab are amongst the most impoverished . Punjab is also one of South Asia 's most urbanized regions with approximately 40 % of people living in urban areas . Its human development index rankings are high relative to the rest of Pakistan . Punjab is known in Pakistan for its relatively liberal social attitudes . The province has been strongly influenced by Sufism , with numerous Sufi shrines spread across Punjab which attract millions of devotees annually . The founder of the Sikh faith , Guru Nanak , was born in the Punjab town of Nankana Sahib near Lahore . Punjab is also the site of the Katasraj Temple , which features prominently in Hindu mythology . Several UNESCO World Heritage Sites are located in Punjab , including the Shalimar Gardens , the Lahore Fort , the archeological excavations at Taxila , and the Rohtas Fort .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3b42342e6ba04314d8f9b41570adc887", "text": "Indian art Indian art consists of a variety of art forms , including plastic arts ( e.g. , pottery sculpture ) , visual arts ( e.g. , paintings ) , and textile arts ( e.g. , woven silk ) . Geographically , it spans the entire Indian subcontinent , including what is now India , Pakistan and Bangladesh . A strong sense of design is characteristic of Indian art and can be observed in its modern and traditional forms . The origin of Indian art can be traced to pre-historic Hominid settlements in the 3rd millennium BC . On its way to modern times , Indian art has had cultural influences ( e.g. , Indus Valley and Hellenistic ) , as well as religious influences such as Hinduism , Buddhism , Jainism and Islam . In spite of this complex mixture of religious traditions , generally the prevailing artistic style at any time and place has been shared by the major religious groups . In historic art , sculpture in stone and metal , mainly religious , has survived the Indian climate better than other media , and provides most of the best remains . Many of the most important ancient finds that are not in carved stone come from surrounding , drier regions rather than India itself . Indian funeral and philosophic traditions exclude grave goods , which are a main source of ancient art in other cultures .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1a8147377c5041ab87ef80cdb5196fd9", "text": "Carmel Convent School Carmel Convent School refers to the Catholic school running in India.It was founded in Bayonne , France on July 16 , 1868 by Mother Veronica of the Passion and established in India on November 19 , 1870 . There are branches in India in Delhi , Giridih , Bhopal , Khopoli , Faridabad , Chandigarh , Gwalior , Kolkata , Durgapur , Mancherial and Ujjain Carmel Convent School is a girls only school and is Located in Mahanagar , Lucknow ( UP ) , The school is promoted by the same missionary which is running the Carmel school in Delhi and elsewhere .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "38ef6410796ac2f7e9bfa49edbe0453b", "text": "Charlotte Canning, Countess Canning Charlotte Canning , Countess Canning ( née Stuart ; 31 March 1817 -- 18 November 1861 ) was a British artist and the first vicereine of India as the wife of Charles Canning , 1st Earl Canning . She was one of India 's most prolific women artists -- two portfolios in the Victoria and Albert Museum contain some 350 watercolours by her , the result of four major tours in the country . As the elder daughter of the British ambassador to France , Charlotte was born and raised in Paris . She moved to England with her family in 1831 , and four years later she married Charles Canning , a rising politician and son of the former Prime Minister , George Canning . Charles succeeded his mother as Viscount Canning in 1837 , making Charlotte a viscountess ; in 1859 , the pair became known as Earl and Countess Canning . From 1842 to 1855 , Lady Canning served as a Lady of the Bedchamber to Queen Victoria . She was a favourite of the monarch , but moved to Calcutta in 1856 when her husband was appointed Governor-General . She became India 's first vicereine when the country came under control of the British Crown . As an artist and botanist , she collected flowers and plants during her frequent trips around India , while drawing the natural scenes around her . She became ill shortly before her scheduled return to England , and died of malaria in Calcutta . A type of Indian dessert , ledikeni , is named after her .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "91f2717ba94142e256addd78514e950f", "text": "Albania–India relations India-Albania relations are the bilateral ties between the Republic of India ( Bhārat Gaṇarājya ) and the Republic of Albania ( Republika e Shqipërisë ) . Bilateral relations between India and Albania are cordial and friendly . Mother Teresa , one of India 's national symbols , was of Albanian origin .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b408f9cf2c88e9e18bd9f8bd65ab3970", "text": "Welfare schemes for women in India Under Article 15 ( 3 ) , the Constitution of India allows for positive discrimination in favor of women . The article , under right to equality , states : `` Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making any special provision for women and children . '' In addition , the directive principles of State Policy 39 ( a ) state that : `` The State shall , in particular , direct its policy towards securing that the citizens , men and women equally , have the right to an adequate means of livelihood . '' The Rashtriya Mahila Kosh ( National Credit Fund for Women ) was set up in 1993 to make credit available for lower income women in India . More recent programmes initiated by the Government of India include the Mother and Child Tracking System ( MCTS ) , the Indira Gandhi Matritva Sahyog Yojana Conditional Maternity Benefit plan ( CMB ) , and the Rajiv Gandhi Scheme for Empowerment of Adolescent Girls -- Sabla .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3664f7797ec97c0379d1147af7fe6e39", "text": "Indian natural history Natural history in India has a long heritage with a recorded history going back to the Vedas . Natural history research in early times included the broad fields of palaeontology , zoology and botany . These studies would today be considered under field of ecology but in former times , such research was undertaken mainly by amateurs , often physicians , civil servants and army officers . Although the growth of modern natural history in India can be attributed to British colonialism and the growth of natural history in Britain , there is considerable evidence to suggest that India with its diverse landscapes , fauna and flora along with other tropical colonies helped in creating an increased interest in natural history in Britain and elsewhere in the world . Natural history in India was also enriched by older traditions of conservation , folklore , nature study and the arts .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cc687894e4e4a185346b0310f2ed0143", "text": "Radha Soami Radhasoami . The Radhasoami mat or faith derives its name from its original Founder , the Supreme Being , Radhasoami who appeared in this world in human form and designated Himself Sant Sat Guru or perfect Saint or true Guide and Preceptor , and preached holy doctrines to sincere enquirer of Truth for the deliverance of their spirit from the bondage of body and its surroundings , as well as from the pains and pleasures of this world , and for the ultimate admission ( of their spirit ) into the Holy Presence of the Supreme Being after traversing and breaking through the trammels and impediments in the material spheres . There are many phases of development on the spiritual path , the most important being love , manifest in devotion , discipline and obedience to Guru guru bhakti . With the Grace and Protection of the Guru , the disciple moves from outer methods of devotion , prayer and ritual , to the inner spiritual practice - meditation . The meditation practice is called Surat Shabd Yoga , the Yoga of the Sound Current , which emphasizes collecting the scattered attention at the Eye Center third eye , by means of repetition ( mantra/simran ) , and listening bhajan to the Inner Celestial Sound , Nam or Inner Word , the Real Form of both Master and Disciple . In practice , Guru bhakti leads to Nam bhakti . `` The socio-religious revolution or renaissance which took place in India in the nineteenth century is generally known for its three facets : the change in Indian thought current under the hypnotic impact of the West ; a positive leaning towards puritanic revivalism as a reaction to the influx of western ideas ; and a deliberate attempt at synthesis of the Oriental and the Occidental . But besides these currents , there was one more - a spontaneous outburst of an inner urge of the Spirit , which was far away from any external influence whatsoever . The father of this spiritual renaissance was Soamiji Maharaj , the founder of the Radhasoami Faith , who started his teachings as early as the twenties of the nineteenth century . Whatever he said or wrote was the outcome of his intuitive realization and mystic revelations . Under this spiritual impulse he could draw a super-sensitive and English educated disciple like Hazur Maharaj towards him . The devotion of the disciple for the Master was matchless in form and precedence . And it was on his repeated requests that Soamiji Maharaj founded this esoteric faith in 1861 . The chief characteristics of this faith are love and devotion . It revitalized the medieval Bhakti trends and revived the ancient Guru traditions . The faith presents a new concept of the Supreme Being , a novel revelation of the name `` Radhasoami '' and introduces a well-defined and developed method of internal practice -- surat-shabd-yoga -- to the seekers after Truth . Not only an ascetic but also a man living in family can practise this Yoga . The faith has many other spiritual observances and a well spelled code of moral conduct to be followed by devotees . The faith owes its systematization to the second guru , Rai Saligram Bahadur ( Hazur Maharaj ) , who was its real architect . The Radhasoami Faith has made a remarkable contribution in the socio-religion field as well . The founder gurus of the faith made direct hit upon the prevalent malpractices and anomalies in the indigenous socio-religious beliefs . They advocated for steady and gradual reforms in Indian society and simplified religion so as to make it accessible to all who desire salvation from worldly bondage , without any distinction of caste , colour and nationality . '' Shiv Dayal Singh , called `` Soamiji Maharaj '' by devotees and admirers , was a khatri seth by caste in Agra , India . He used to insist that anyone who chose to follow him must give up non-vegetarian food , abstain from alcohol and intoxicants , lead a high moral life and engage in over two hours of shabd yoga ( sound-current yoga ) meditation per day . In the mid-1850s , Shiv Dayal Singh had a handful of followers in Agra . However , his teachings eventually attracted disciples from across India and by the time of his death in 1878 , Shiv Dayal had several thousand followers . He died on 15 June 1878 in Agra , India . Shiv Dayal Singh 's wife , Narayani Devi ( called Radhaji ) , Rai Saligram ( called Huzur Maharaj ) , Sanmukh Das , Gharib Das , Partap Singh ( Shiv Dayal 's younger brother ) and Baba Jaimal Singh were some of his prominent followers around whom individual satsang groups formed . This splintering off , led to the propagation of Radhasoami teachings to a wider audience , although with slightly varied interpretations .", "title": "" } ]	fever
ed64c6be211bbc8ccc2aa56fdaee9371	The Netherlands has three island territories.	[ { "docid": "85c823a7262f58ed2cca33fc9157ee20", "text": "Netherlands The Netherlands , ( -LSB- ˈnɛðərləndz -RSB- Nederland -LSB- ˈneːdərˌlɑnt -RSB- ; Nederlân ) also known informally as Holland , is the main constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands . It is a densely populated country located in Western Europe with three island territories in the Caribbean.designated Bonaire , Sint Eustatius and Saba within ISO ISO 3166-1 . The European part of the Netherlands borders Germany to the east , Belgium to the south , and the North Sea to the northwest , sharing maritime borders with Belgium , the United Kingdom , and Germany . The four largest cities in the Netherlands are Amsterdam , Rotterdam , The Hague and Utrecht ( collectively known as G4 ) . Amsterdam is the country 's capital , while The Hague holds the Dutch seat of parliament and government . The port of Rotterdam is the world 's largest port outside East-Asia , and the largest port in Europe . The name Holland is used informally to refer to the whole of the country of the Netherlands.Formally ` Holland ' refers only to two of the country 's twelve provinces : North Holland and South Holland . `` Netherlands '' literally means `` lower countries '' , influenced by its low land and flat geography , with only about 50 % of its land exceeding one metre above sea level . Most of the areas below sea level are artificial . Since the late 16th century , large areas ( polders ) have been reclaimed from the sea and lakes , amounting to nearly 17 % of the country 's current land mass . With a population density of 412 people per km2 -- 507 ( January 2017 ) if water is excluded -- the Netherlands is classified as a very densely populated country . Only Bangladesh , South Korea , and Taiwan have both a larger population and higher population density . Nevertheless , the Netherlands is the world 's second-largest exporter of food and agricultural products , after the United States . This is partly due to the fertility of the soil and the mild climate . The Netherlands was the third country in the world to have an elected parliament , and since 1848 it has been governed as a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy , organised as a unitary state . The Netherlands has a long history of social tolerance and is generally regarded as a liberal country , having legalised abortion , prostitution and euthanasia , while maintaining a progressive drugs policy . In 2001 , it became the world 's first country to legalise same-sex marriage . The Netherlands is a founding member of the EU , Eurozone , G-10 , NATO , OECD and WTO ; as well as being a part of the Schengen Area and the trilateral Benelux Union . The country is host to the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons and five international courts : the Permanent Court of Arbitration , the International Court of Justice , the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia , the International Criminal Court and the Special Tribunal for Lebanon . The first four are situated in The Hague , as is the EU 's criminal intelligence agency Europol and judicial co-operation agency Eurojust . This has led to the city being dubbed `` the world 's legal capital . '' The country also ranks second highest in the world 's 2016 Press Freedom Index , as published by Reporters Without Borders . The Netherlands has a market-based mixed economy , ranking 17th of 177 countries according to the Index of Economic Freedom . It had the thirteenth-highest per capita income in the world in 2013 according to the International Monetary Fund . In 2013 , the United Nations World Happiness Report ranked the Netherlands as the seventh-happiest country in the world , reflecting its high quality of life . The Netherlands also ranks joint third highest in the Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index , along with Australia .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "88b46d5827171b9110fc6ad1b50765c9", "text": "Road transport in the Netherlands With 139,000 km of public roads , the Netherlands has one of the most dense road networks in the world -- much denser than Germany and France , but still not as dense as Belgium . In 2013 , 5,191 km were national roads , 7,778 km were provincial roads , and 125,230 km were municipality and other roads . Dutch roads include 3,530 km of motorways and expressways , and with a motorway density of 64 kilometres per 1,000 km2 , the country also has one of the densest motorway networks in the world . In Dutch a motorway is called `` autosnelweg '' or simply `` snelweg '' ; other expressways are just called `` autoweg '' ( literally : `` car road '' ) . According to a 2004 estimate , some 12,500 km of road remain as yet unpaved . Mobility on Dutch roads has grown continuously since the 1950s and now exceeds 200 billion km travelled per year . With a population of 16.8 million people , this comes down to an average of 32 km per person per day . Around half of all trips in the Netherlands are made by car , making up three quarters of all passenger kilometres travelled , meaning that while Dutch roads are numerous , they are also used with one of the highest intensities of any road network . Car ownership in the Netherlands is high but not exceptional , and slightly lower than in surrounding countries . Goods vehicles make up 20 % of total traffic , and road transport accounts for 40 % of all freight movements registered , including overseas shipping . The busiest Dutch motorway is the A13 between The Hague and Rotterdam , with a traffic volume of 140,000 motor vehicles per day . The province of Utrecht in the centre of the country however , has the busiest motorways on average ( almost 100,000 vehicles a day ) , with major motorways A1 , A2 , A12 , A27 and A28 running through it . The busiest 4-lane motorway in the Netherlands is the A10 in the Coen Tunnel in Amsterdam with 110.000 vehicles per day . The widest Dutch motorway is the A15/A16 just south of Rotterdam with 16 lanes in a 4 +4 +4 +4 setup .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "45b058561ea9150d6f24c715bf2eeaa3", "text": "Crown dependencies The Crown dependencies are the Isle of Man in the Irish Sea , and the Bailiwicks of Jersey and Guernsey in the English Channel . They are independently administered jurisdictions , and do not form part of either the United Kingdom or the British Overseas Territories . They are self-governing possessions of the Crown ( defined uniquely in each jurisdiction ) . Internationally , the dependencies are considered `` territories for which the United Kingdom is responsible '' , rather than sovereign states . As a result , they are not member states of the Commonwealth of Nations . However , they do have relationships with the Commonwealth , the European Union , and other international organisations , and are members of the British -- Irish Council . They have their own teams in the Commonwealth Games . They are not part of the European Union ( EU ) , although they are within the EU 's customs area . As the Crown dependencies are not sovereign states , the power to pass legislation affecting the islands ultimately rests with the government of the United Kingdom . However they each have their own legislative assemblies , with the power to legislate on many local matters with the assent of the Crown ( Privy Council , or in the case of the Isle of Man in certain circumstances the Lieutenant-Governor ) . In each case , the head of government is referred to as the Chief Minister .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "87a33fd4fcf62ef2dcae5c21b15f8531", "text": "Vlieland Vlieland ( -LSB- ˈvlilɑnt -RSB- ; Flylân ) is a municipality and island in the northern Netherlands . The municipality of Vlieland has only one major town : Oost-Vlieland ( West Frisian : East-Flylân ) . It is the second-least densely populated municipality in the Netherlands ( after Schiermonnikoog ) . Vlieland is one of the West Frisian Islands , lying in the Wadden Sea . It is the second island from the west in the chain , lying between Texel and Terschelling . The island was permanently separated from the mainland in St. Lucia 's flood in 1287 . Vlieland was named after the Vlie , the seaway between it and Terschelling that was the estuary of the river IJssel in medieval times .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cedb4667277b97eca9f90546b6f327a5", "text": "Belgium Belgium ( -LSB- ˈbɛldʒəm -RSB- België -LSB- ˈbɛlɣijə -RSB- ; Belgique -LSB- bɛlʒik -RSB- ; Belgien -LSB- ˈbɛlɡi̯ən -RSB- ) , officially the Kingdom of Belgium , is a sovereign state in Western Europe bordered by France , the Netherlands , Germany , Luxembourg , and the North Sea . It is a small , densely populated country which covers an area of 30528 km2 and has a population of about 11 million people . Straddling the cultural boundary between Germanic and Latin Europe , Belgium is home to two main linguistic groups : the Dutch-speaking , mostly Flemish community , which constitutes about 59 % of the population , and the French-speaking , mostly Walloon population , which comprises 41 % of all Belgians . Additionally , there is a small group of German-speakers who live in the East Cantons located around the High Fens area , and bordering Germany . Historically , Belgium , the Netherlands and Luxembourg ( along with parts of Northern France and Western Germany ) were known as the Low Countries ; it once covered a somewhat larger area than the current Benelux group of states . The region was called Belgica in Latin , after the Roman province of Gallia Belgica . From the end of the Middle Ages until the 17th century , the area of Belgium was a prosperous and cosmopolitan centre of commerce and culture . From the 16th century until the Belgian Revolution in 1830 , when Belgium seceded from the Netherlands , the area of Belgium served as the battleground between many European powers , causing it to be dubbed the `` Battlefield of Europe , '' a reputation strengthened by both world wars . Today , Belgium is a federal constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system of governance . It is divided into three regions and three communities , that exist next to each other . Its two largest regions are the Dutch-speaking region of Flanders in the north and the French-speaking southern region of Wallonia . The Brussels-Capital Region is an officially bilingual ( French and Dutch ) enclave within the Flemish Region . A German-speaking Community exists in eastern Wallonia . Belgium 's linguistic diversity and related political conflicts are reflected in its political history and complex system of governance , made up of six different governments . Belgium participated in the Industrial Revolution and , during the course of the 20th century , possessed a number of colonies in Africa . The second half of the 20th century was marked by rising tensions between the Dutch-speaking and the French-speaking citizens fueled by differences in language and culture and the unequal economic development of Flanders and Wallonia . This continuing antagonism has led to several far-reaching reforms , resulting in a transition from a unitary to a federal arrangement during the period from 1970 to 1993 . Despite the reforms , tensions between the groups have remained , if not increased ; there is significant separatism particularly among the Flemish ; controversial language laws exist such as the municipalities with language facilities ; and the formation of a coalition government took 18 months following the June 2010 federal election , a world record . Belgium is one of the six founding countries of the European Union and hosts the official seats of the European Commission , Council of the European Union , and European Council , as well as a seat of the European Parliament in the country 's capital , Brussels . Belgium is also a founding member of the Eurozone , NATO , OECD and WTO , and a part of the trilateral Benelux Union . Its capital , Brussels , hosts several of the EU 's official seats as well as the headquarters of many major international organizations such as NATO.Belgium is a member of , or affiliated to , many international organizations , including ACCT , AfDB , AsDB , Australia Group , Benelux , BIS , CCC , CE , CERN , EAPC , EBRD , EIB , EMU , ESA , EU , FAO , G-10 , IAEA , IBRD , ICAO , ICC , ICRM , IDA , IDB , IEA , IFAD , IFC , IFRCS , IHO , ILO , IMF , IMO , IMSO , Intelsat , Interpol , IOC , IOM , ISO , ITU , MONUC ( observers ) , NATO , NEA , NSG , OAS ( observer ) , OECD , OPCW , OSCE , PCA , UN , UNCTAD , UNECE , UNESCO , UNHCR , UNIDO , UNMIK , UNMOGIP , UNRWA , UNTSO , UPU , WADB ( non-regional ) , WEU , WHO , WIPO , WMO , WTrO , ZC . Belgium is also a part of the Schengen Area . Belgium is a developed country , with an advanced high-income economy and is categorized as `` very high '' in the Human Development Index .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fbb8ef3eaed79dd6b70f0a439b63e906", "text": "Monarchy of the Netherlands The monarchy of the Netherlands is constitutional and as such , the role and position of the monarch are defined and limited by the constitution of the Netherlands . Consequently , a fairly large portion of the Dutch constitution is devoted to the monarch ; roughly a third of the constitution describes the succession , mechanisms of accession and abdication to the throne , the roles and responsibilities of the monarch and the formalities of communication between the States-General of the Netherlands and the role of the monarch in the creation of laws . The Kingdom of the Netherlands has been an independent monarchy since 16 March 1815 , but its one-time sovereign provinces have intermittently been `` governed '' by members of the House of Orange-Nassau and the House of Nassau from 1559 to 1747 , since Philip II of Spain appointed William of Orange as stadtholder . William became the leader of the Dutch Revolt and the independent Dutch Republic . As stadtholder , he was followed by several of his descendants . In 1747 , the function of stadtholder became a hereditary position in all Provinces of the thus `` crowned '' Dutch Republic . The last stadtholder was William V. His son became the first king as William I.", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3fb2a1edcd2fb08289a4e497e0559407", "text": "Noorderhaaks Noorderhaaks ( -LSB- ˌnoːrdərˈɦaːks -RSB- ) , also called Razende bol ( Raging ball in Dutch ) , is an uninhabited Dutch island in the North Sea , a few kilometres west of the Marsdiep which separates the island of Texel from mainland Netherlands . The island covers an area of around five km ² , although the exact area varies due to tide and the dynamic nature of the area . Being relatively untouched by man , the island has become a valuable location due to its presence of several kinds of seabirds , and seals . The island is slowly moving eastward towards the Marsdiep and the Molengat , at a pace of around 100 metres a year . The island is visited by day trippers , and is also being used as a training ground for the Dutch navy and air force .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b6c57f577c7c15bf808b60b357b4d82e", "text": "Port of Rotterdam The Port of Rotterdam is the largest port in Europe , located in the city of Rotterdam , Netherlands . From 1962 until 2004 it was the world 's busiest port , now overtaken first by Singapore and then Shanghai . In 2011 , Rotterdam was the world 's eleventh-largest container port in terms of twenty-foot equivalent units ( TEU ) handled ( 2009 : tenth ; 2008 : ninth , 2006 : sixth ) . In 2012 Rotterdam was the world 's sixth-largest port in terms of annual cargo tonnage . Covering 105 km2 , the port of Rotterdam now stretches over a distance of 40 km . It consists of the city centre 's historic harbour area , including Delfshaven ; the Maashaven/Rijnhaven/Feijenoord complex ; the harbours around Nieuw-Mathenesse ; Waalhaven ; Vondelingenplaat ; Eemhaven ; Botlek ; Europoort , situated along the Calandkanaal , Nieuwe Waterweg and Scheur ( the latter two being continuations of the Nieuwe Maas ) ; and the reclaimed Maasvlakte area , which projects into the North Sea . Rotterdam consists of five distinct port areas and three distribution parks that facilitate the needs of a hinterland with 40,000,000 consumers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "59cd1413534a049817cac43469802a84", "text": "Sint Maarten Sint Maarten ( -LSB- sɪnt ˈmaːrtə ( n ) -RSB- ) is an island country in the Caribbean . It is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands . With a population of 33,609 on an area of 34 km2 , it encompasses the southern 40 % of the divided island of Saint Martin , while the northern 60 % of the island constitutes the French overseas collectivity of Saint-Martin . Its capital is Philipsburg . Before 10 October 2010 , Sint Maarten was known as the Island Territory of Sint Maarten ( Eilandgebied Sint Maarten ) , and was one of five island territories ( eilandgebieden ) that constituted the Netherlands Antilles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8f71f703acf9677b2376499703fc2322", "text": "Zuyderzée Zuyderzée was a department of the First French Empire in the present-day Netherlands . It is named after the Zuiderzee sea inlet . It was formed in 1810 , when the Kingdom of Holland was annexed by France . Its territory corresponded more or less with the present-day Dutch provinces of North Holland and Utrecht . Its capital was Amsterdam . The department was subdivided into the following arrondissements and cantons ( situation in 1812 ) : Amsterdam , cantons : Amsterdam ( 6 cantons ) , Baambrugge , Kudelstaart , Loenen , Naarden , Nieuwer-Amstel , Oud-Loosdrecht , Watergraafsmeer and Weesp . Alkmaar , cantons : Alkmaar ( 2 cantons ) , De Rijp , Schagen , Texel , Wieringen and Zijpe . Amersfoort , cantons : Amersfoort ( 2 cantons ) , Rhenen and Wijk bij Duurstede . Haarlem , cantons : Beverwijk , Bloemendaal , Haarlem ( 2 cantons ) , Heemstede , Oostzaandam , Westzaan and Westzaandam . Hoorn , cantons : Enkhuizen , Grootebroek-Edam - Purmerend , Hoorn ( 2 cantons ) , Medemblik and Monnickendam . Utrecht , cantons : IJsselstein , Maarssen , Mijdrecht , Schoonhoven , Utrecht ( 2 cantons ) and Woerden . Its population in 1812 was 507,500 , and its area was 950,100 hectares . After Napoleon was defeated in 1814 , the department became part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "22dd0a2bf3c833d3b9c85784e38d9be6", "text": "Supreme Court of the Netherlands The Supreme Court of the Netherlands ( Hoge Raad der Nederlanden -LSB- ˈɦoːɣə raːdɛr ˈneːdərlɑndə ( n ) -RSB- , literally `` High Council of the Netherlands '' ) is one of the highest courts of the Netherlands , Curaçao , Sint Maarten and Aruba . The Court was established on 1 October 1838 and sits in The Hague , Netherlands . The Court has exclusive final jurisdiction over civil and criminal matters . In certain administrative cases it has final jurisdiction as well , while in other cases this jurisdiction rests with the adjudicative division of the Council of State , the Central Appeals Tribunal , the Trade and Industry Appeals Tribunal as well as judicial institutions in the Caribbean part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands . The Court is a court of cassation , which means that it has the competence to quash or affirm rulings of lower courts , but no competence to re-examine or question the facts . It only considers whether the lower courts applied the law correctly and the rulings have sufficient reasoning . In so doing it establishes case law . According to Article 120 of the Constitution , courts may not rule on the constitutionality of laws passed by the States General and treaties . With the exception of constitutional Court of Sint Maarten courts ( which rules on constitutionality with regards to the Sint Maarten constitution only ) have thus no competence for judicial review with respect to the Constitution . The Supreme Court currently consists of 36 judges : a president , 6 vice-presidents , 25 justices ( , literally `` Lords of the Council '' ) and 4 justices in exceptional service . All judges are appointed for life , until they retire at their own request or mandatorily at the age of 70 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cfbb8223e13cc5fc62f9482715c82d0e", "text": "German Bight The German Bight ( Deutsche Bucht tyske bugt Duitse bocht Dútske bocht sometimes also the German Bay ) is the southeastern bight of the North Sea bounded by the Netherlands and Germany to the south , and Denmark and Germany to the east ( the Jutland peninsula ) . To the north and west it is limited by the Dogger Bank . The Bight contains the Frisian and Danish Islands . The Wadden Sea is approximately ten to twelve kilometres wide at the location of the German Bight . The Frisian islands and the nearby coastal areas are collectively known as Frisia . The southern portion of the bight is also known as the Heligoland Bight . Between 1949 and 1956 the BBC Sea Area Forecast ( Shipping Forecast ) used `` Heligoland '' as the designation for the area now referred to as German Bight .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c5e635f46cd6380cf1066882a8ee0914", "text": "Norderland The Norderland was a historic territory , set on the northwestern edge of East Frisia immediately next to the Wadden Sea off North Germany , which embraced a wide area around the town of Norden . The Norderland was bordered in the east by the Harlingerland and in the south by the Brokmerland . Today , Norderland refers to the area containing the borough of Norden , the collective municipality of Hage , Großheide and Dornum . Occasionally the term Norderland is also used to refer to the territory of the former district of Norden . Historically , however , this also included parts of Bro ( o ) kmerland and Emsigerland . Category : History of East Frisia", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6b6df5f6496cab8bfbd1e1e1c05efcc9", "text": "British Overseas Territories The 14 British Overseas Territories ( BOT ) are territories under the jurisdiction and sovereignty of the United Kingdom . They are the parts of the British Empire that have not been granted independence or have voted to remain British territories . These territories do not form part of the United Kingdom and , with the exception of Gibraltar , are not part of the European Union . Most of the inhabited territories are internally self-governing , with the UK retaining responsibility for defence and foreign relations . The rest are either uninhabited or have a transitory population of military or scientific personnel . They share the British monarch ( Elizabeth II ) as head of state . The term `` British Overseas Territory '' was introduced by the British Overseas Territories Act 2002 , replacing the term British Dependent Territory , introduced by the British Nationality Act 1981 . Prior to 1 January 1983 , the territories were officially referred to as British Crown Colonies . With the exceptions of the British Antarctic Territory and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands ( which host only officials and research station staff ) and the British Indian Ocean Territory ( used as a military base ) , the Territories retain permanent civilian populations . Permanent residency for the 7,000 or so civilians living in the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia is limited to citizens of the Republic of Cyprus . Collectively , the Territories encompass a population of about 250,000 people and a land area of about 667018 sqmi . The vast majority of this land area , 660000 sqmi , constitutes the almost uninhabited British Antarctic Territory , while the largest territory by population , Bermuda , accounts for almost a quarter of the total BOT population . At the other end of the scale , three territories have no civilian population ; the Antarctic territory , the British Indian Ocean Territory ( from which the Chagos Islanders were controversially removed ) and South Georgia . Pitcairn Islands , settled by the survivors of the Mutiny on the Bounty , is the smallest settled territory with 49 inhabitants , while the smallest by land area is Gibraltar on the southern tip of the Iberian peninsula . The United Kingdom participates in the Antarctic Treaty System and , as part of a mutual agreement , the British Antarctic Territory is recognised by four of the other sovereign nations making claims to Antarctic territory . Although the Crown dependencies of Jersey , Guernsey and the Isle of Man are also under the sovereignty of the British monarch , they are in a different constitutional relationship with the United Kingdom . The British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies are themselves distinct from the Commonwealth realms , a group of 15 independent countries ( and the United Kingdom ) which each also have Elizabeth II as their reigning monarch , and from the Commonwealth of Nations , a voluntary association of 52 countries mostly with historic links to the British Empire ( which also includes all Commonwealth realms ) . the Minister responsible for the Territories excluding the Falkland Islands , Gibraltar and the Sovereign Base Areas is Baroness Anelay , Minister of State for the Commonwealth and the UN . The other three territories are the responsibility of Sir Alan Duncan MP , Minister of State for Europe and the Americas .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "767167d558bd07a162b8370a49decf20", "text": "Zeelandic Flanders Zeelandic Flanders ( -LSB- ˌzeːu̯sˈflaːndərə ( n ) -RSB- , Zeelandic : Zeêuws-Vlaonderen ) is the southernmost region of the province of Zeeland in the south-western Netherlands . It lies south of the Western Scheldt that separates the region from the remainder of Zeeland to the north . Zeelandic Flanders is bordered to the south by Belgium .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "676e88a8d7840f2632dbf7c9f55a6a50", "text": "Dutch Americans Dutch Americans are Americans of Dutch descent whose ancestors came from The Netherlands in the recent or distant past . Whether intentional or not , they usually maintain connections with their Dutch heritage , by having , for example , a Dutch surname or belonging to a Dutch community group . Dutch settlement in the Americas started in 1613 with New Amsterdam , which was exchanged with the British for the current Suriname at the treaty of Breda ( 1667 ) and renamed New York City . The British split the Dutch colony of New Netherlands into two pieces , and named them New York and New Jersey . Further waves of immigration occurred in the 19th and 20th centuries . According to the 2013 American Community Survey , an estimated 4.5 million Americans claim total or partial Dutch heritage . Today the majority of the Dutch Americans live in Michigan , California , Montana , Minnesota , New York , Wisconsin , Idaho , Utah , Iowa , Ohio , West Virginia , and Pennsylvania .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8feec06d4df45f25df34e577da4b95ed", "text": "Voordelta The Voordelta is the coastal area in the North Sea , protected under Natura-2000 . It is located to the west of the islands of the provinces of South Holland and Zeeland , around the deltas of Haringvliet , Grevelingen , and Oosterschelde . The total area of Voordelta is about 900 km ² .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "86dbcd31854abfebe06f9fc0487a51c9", "text": "Principality of Nassau-Orange-Fulda Nassau-Orange-Fulda was a short-lived principality of the Holy Roman Empire , which was created for the son and heir of the Prince of Orange and Prince of Orange-Nassau and existed only from 1803 to 1806 . In 1795 the William V , Prince of Orange-Nassau , lost all his possessions in the Low Countries because of the rise of the Batavian Republic , a client state of the French Republic . On May 23 , 1802 , France and Prussia concluded a treaty in which Fulda and some other areas were promised to the Prince of Orange as compensation for the loss of his domains in the Low Countries . Willem V refused at first , but later accepted the offer in favour for his son Prince Willem Frederik ( later King William I of the Netherlands ) to become the ruler of the new formed principality . On October 22 , Prussian troops occupied the Diocese of Fulda to secure the interests of the prince and on 6 December Prince Willem Frederik held his entry in Fulda . The Reichsdeputationshauptschluss resolution on 25 February 1803 , legalized the redistribution of the territories . According to section 12 of this resolution the following areas were transferred to the rule of the new Prince of Nassau-Orange-Fulda : Diocese of Fulda Corvey Abbey Free Imperial City of Dortmund Weingarten Abbey and the priorate Hofen Provostry of St. Gerold ( in Vorarlberg , 1804 sold to Austria ) Deanery of Bandern ( in Liechtenstein , 1804 sold to Austria ) Dietkirchen Abbey ( Nassau ) The areas were reorganised into the four divisions `` Principality of Fulda '' , `` Principality of Corvey '' , `` County of Dortmund '' and `` Lordship of Weingarten '' . The arms of the principality included the coat of arms of these areas ( with the center-shield the arms of the Prince of Orange-Nassau ) . With the death of his father William V on 9 April 1806 , Prince Willem Frederik also inherited all the Nassau core territories . However , on 12 July 1806 he lost the Lordship of Weingarten and the Nassau territories because of the formation of the Confederation of the Rhine . By the German Mediatisation , the Lordship of Weingarten was incorporated into the Kingdom of Württemberg and the Nassau core territories into the Grand Duchy of Berg and the Duchy of Nassau . After the military defeat of Prussia by France , the Prince of Orange subsequently lost his remaining possessions ( including the mediated ones ) . Fulda was occupied by the French troops on 27 October 1806 . It remained under French rule until 19 May 1810 , when it was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt . Subsequently , Corvey was incorporated into the Kingdom of Westphalia on 7 December 1807 and Dortmund into the Grand Duchy of Berg on 1 March 1808 . With the defeat of the French in 1813 , the Prince of Orange regained his possessions in the Low Countries but lost his claims to the principality Nassau-Orange-Fulda . By the final act of the Congress of Vienna in 1815 , it was decided not to restore the Principality of Nassau-Orange-Fulda ; Corvey and Dortmund became part of the Kingdom of Prussia and Fulda was divided between the Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel , the Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach , and the Kingdom of Bavaria .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5381538745046c4b16a2ee586760f36d", "text": "Frisian Islands The Frisian Islands , also known as the Wadden Islands or Wadden Sea Islands , form an archipelago at the eastern edge of the North Sea in northwestern Europe , stretching from the northwest of the Netherlands through Germany to the west of Denmark . The islands shield the mudflat region of the Wadden Sea ( large parts of which fall dry during low tide ) from the North Sea . The Frisian Islands , along with the mainland coast in the German Bight , form the region of Frisia ( German and Dutch : Friesland ) , homeland of the Frisian people . Generally , the term Frisian Islands is used for the islands where Frisian is spoken and the population is ethnically Frisian . In contrast , the term Wadden Islands applies to the entire archipelago , including the Dutch speaking western islands of Texel and Vlieland in North Holland and Danish-speaking Danish Wadden Sea Islands further north off the west coast of Jutland . Most of the Frisian Islands are environmentally protected areas , and an international wildlife nature reserve is being coordinated between the Netherlands , Germany and Denmark . Natural gas and oil drilling continue , however , and in the vicinity of the Ems , Weser and Elbe estuaries , and ship traffic causes tension between wildlife protection and economic values .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "885f35eb1f00c24823b7ff11394a8fbe", "text": "Rottumerplaat Rottumerplaat ( -LSB- ˌrɔtɵmərˈplaːt -RSB- ) is one of the three islands that make up Rottum in the West Frisian Islands . The island is located in the North Sea off the Dutch coast . It is situated between the islands of Schiermonnikoog and Rottumeroog . Access to the island is prohibited since Rottumerplaat is a resting and forage area for numerous bird species . Rijkswaterstaat , Staatsbosbeheer and the Ministry of Agriculture , Nature and Food Quality are responsible for the administration of the island . Twice a year marine debris is cleaned from the island . Sediment deposition has caused the island to become significantly larger in recent years . Rottumerplaat is the northernmost point of the Netherlands .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e5e2e7bcbde40774ec4f51ea60d666e0", "text": "Archipelagic state An archipelagic state is any internationally recognized state or country that comprises a series of islands that form an archipelago . The term is defined by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea in order to define what borders such states should be allowed to claim . In various conferences , Fiji , Indonesia , Papua New Guinea , the Bahamas , and the Philippines are the five sovereign states that obtained approval in the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea signed in Montego Bay , Jamaica on December 10 , 1982 and qualified as archipelagic states . Archipelagic states are states that are composed of groups of islands forming a state as a single unit , with the islands and the waters within the baselines as internal waters . Under this concept ( `` archipelagic doctrine '' ) , an archipelago shall be regarded as a single unit , so that the waters around , between , and connecting the islands of the archipelago , irrespective of their breadth and dimensions , form part of the internal waters of the state , and are subject to its exclusive sovereignty . The approval of the United Nations for the five sovereign states as archipelagic states respect existing agreements with other countries and shall recognize traditional fishing rights and other legitimate activities of the immediately adjacent neighboring countries in certain areas falling within archipelagic waters . The terms and conditions for the exercise of such rights and activities , including the nature , the extent and the areas to which they apply , shall , at the request of any of the countries concerned , be regulated by bilateral agreements between them . Such rights shall not be transferred to or shared with third countries or their nationals .", "title": "" } ]	fever
4d625dbfb3dca0f6bffe1e997ad52fd8	Burnaby achieved City status in 1992, one hundred years after its incorporation.	[ { "docid": "474a053675805892307b5d422bb75e19", "text": "Burnaby Burnaby is a city in British Columbia , Canada , located immediately to the east of Vancouver . It is the third-largest city in British Columbia by population , surpassed only by nearby Surrey and Vancouver . It was incorporated in 1892 and achieved City status in 1992 , one hundred years after incorporation . It is the seat of the Greater Vancouver Regional District 's government , the board of which calls itself Metro Vancouver .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "652331661cc0de33a2ab69ddef77c336", "text": "Gold Coast Local Heritage Register The Gold Coast Local Heritage Register is a heritage register containing a list of culturally-significant places within the City of Gold Coast , Queensland , Australia . Under Section 113 of the Queensland Heritage Act 1992 , all local government authorities in Queensland must maintain a local heritage register .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f4c1740b9a9d3f6d1b4d3f68e9511673", "text": "Woodward's Building The Woodward 's Building was a historic building in the Downtown Eastside of Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada . The original portion of the building was constructed in 1903 for the Woodward 's Department Store when that area of Cordova Street was the heart of Vancouver 's retail shopping district . At one time this was the premiere shopping destination in Vancouver . The store was famous for its Christmas window displays and its basement Food Floor , and the `` W '' sign at the top of the building was a distinctive landmark on the Vancouver skyline . Since the bankruptcy of Woodward 's in 1993 the building remained vacant except for a housing occupation in 2002 that initiated the redevelopment process . Redevelopment was seen by many as a key to revitalizing the Downtown Eastside , but the demolition of the structure in 2006 and redevelopment of the site has been met with much local resistance from the existing residents of the neighborhood . The Woodward 's redevelopment is now complete with many residents and businesses now in the buildings .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "94a4f8e802536ecf8a5a074301e37f61", "text": "List of mayors of Vancouver The Mayor of the City of Vancouver is the official head and chief executive officer of Vancouver , British Columbia . The mayor is elected for a four-year term . The 39th and current Mayor is Gregor Robertson .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "765d84836bccda13b8d32c5d4e835d64", "text": "Queanbeyan Queanbeyan -LSB- ˈkwiːnbiən -RSB- is a city in south-eastern New South Wales , located adjacent to the Australian Capital Territory in the Southern Tablelands region . Located on the Queanbeyan River , the city is the council seat of the Queanbeyan-Palerang Regional Council . At the , it had a population of 37,991 . Queanbeyan 's economy is based on light construction , manufacturing , service , retail and agriculture . Canberra , Australia 's capital , is located just 15 km to the west , and Queanbeyan has to some extent become a commuter town . The word Queanbeyan is the anglicised form of Quinbean , an Aboriginal word meaning `` clear waters '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b84740d8e93a877de244123e7ad2e6f3", "text": "Chinatown, Vancouver Chinatown in Vancouver , British Columbia is Canada 's largest Chinatown . Centred on Pender Street , it is surrounded by Gastown and the Downtown Financial and Central Business Districts to the west , the Downtown Eastside to the north , the remnant of old Japantown to the northeast , and the residential neighbourhood of Strathcona to the east . The approximate street borders of Chinatown 's official area as designated by the City of Vancouver are the alley between Pender Street and Hastings , Georgia , Gore , and Taylor Streets , although its unofficial boundaries extend well into the rest of the Downtown Eastside . Main , Pender , and Keefer Streets are the principal areas of commercial activity . Chinatown remains a popular tourist attraction , and is one of the largest historic Chinatowns in North America . However , it went into decline as newer members of Vancouver 's Cantonese Chinese community dispersed to other areas of the metropolis . It has been more recently overshadowed by the newer Chinese immigrant business district along No. 3 Road in the City of Richmond , which is a municipality of Greater Vancouver . Many affluent Hong Kong and Taiwanese immigrants have moved there since the late 1980s , coinciding with the increase of Chinese-ethnic retail and restaurants in that area . This new area is designated the `` Golden Village '' by the City of Richmond , which met resistance to the proposed renaming of the area to `` Chinatown '' both from merchants in Vancouver 's Chinatown and also from non-Chinese residents and merchants in Richmond itself . Chinatown was once known for its neon signs but like the rest of the city lost many of the spectacular signs to changing times and a new sign by law passed in 1974 . The last of these was the Ho Ho sign ( which showed a rice bowl and chop sticks ) which was removed in 1997 . Ongoing efforts at revitalization include efforts by the business community to improve safety by hiring private security ; looking at new marketing promotions and introducing residential units into the neighbourhood by restoring and renovating some of the heritage buildings . Current focus is on the restoration and adaptive reuse of the distinctive Association buildings . Due to the large ethnic Chinese presence in Vancouver -- especially represented by multi-generation Chinese Canadians and first-generation immigrants from Hong Kong -- the city has been referred to as `` Hongcouver '' and `` Vongkong '' ( a term considered derogatory by some Chinese ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5eaced21cea4ccc47bd02745a9199180", "text": "90s BC", "title": "" }, { "docid": "928174f81b401b82fb28cded9570cdc7", "text": "List of Grade B+ listed buildings in County Antrim This is a list of Grade B + listed buildings in County Antrim , Northern Ireland . In Northern Ireland , the term listed building refers to a building or other structure officially designated as being of `` special architectural or historic interest '' . Grade B + structures are those considered to be `` buildings which might have merited grade A status but for detracting features such as an incomplete design , lower quality additions or alterations . Also included are buildings that because of exceptional features , interiors or environmental qualities are clearly above the general standard set by grade B buildings . A building may merit listing as grade B + where its historic importance is greater than a similar building listed as grade B. '' Listing began later in Northern Ireland than in the rest of the UK ; the first provision for listing was contained in the Planning ( Northern Ireland ) Order 1972 , and the current legislative basis for listing is the Planning ( Northern Ireland ) Order 1991 . Under Article 42 of the Order , the Department of the Environment of the Northern Ireland Executive is required to compile lists of buildings of `` special architectural or historic interest '' . The responsibility for the listing process rests with the Northern Ireland Environment Agency ( NIEA ) , an executive agency within the Department of the Environment . Following the introduction of listing , an initial survey of Northern Ireland 's building stock was begun in 1974 . By the time of the completion of this First Survey in 1994 , the listing process had developed considerably , and it was therefore decided to embark upon a Second Survey to update and cross-check the original information . , the Second Survey had been completed for 147 of Northern Ireland 's 547 council wards , and completion is anticipated by 2016 . Information gathered during this survey , relating to both listed and unlisted buildings , is entered into the publicly accessible Northern Ireland Buildings Database . A range of listing criteria , which aim to define architectural and historic interest , have been developed by the NIEA , and are used to determine whether or not to list a building . Once listed , severe restrictions are imposed on the modifications allowed to a building 's structure or its fittings . Listed building consent must be obtained from local authorities prior to any alteration to such a structure . There are approximately 8,500 listed buildings in Northern Ireland , representing 2 % of the total building stock . Of these , around 580 are listed at Grade B + . County Antrim covers 2844 sqkm , and has a population of around 616,000 . The County has 157 Grade B + listed buildings .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ec62a8998c3b85a9433e576dc46f1fd2", "text": "West Vancouver West Vancouver is a district municipality in the province of British Columbia , Canada . A member municipality of Metro Vancouver , the governing body of the Greater Vancouver Regional District , the municipality is northwest of the city of Vancouver on the northern side of English Bay and the southeast shore of Howe Sound , and is adjoined by the District of North Vancouver to its east . Together with the District of North Vancouver and City of North Vancouver , it is part of a local regional grouping referred to as the North Shore municipalities , or simply `` The North Shore '' . West Vancouver has a population of 42,694 ( 2011 census ) . Cypress Provincial Park , mostly located within the municipal boundaries , was one of the venues for the 2010 Winter Olympics . West Vancouver is also home of Canada 's first shopping mall , Park Royal Shopping Centre , and also of the Horseshoe Bay Ferry Terminal , one of the main connecting points between the British Columbia mainland and Vancouver Island .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7eba3711030f84db4e278469b88b6aa1", "text": "Old Kildonan Old Kildonan is a former municipality and city ward of Winnipeg , Manitoba , represented by a member of Winnipeg City Council . Before the City of Winnipeg Act of 1972 , it was an independent rural municipality . The population was 39,358 ( Source : Statistics Canada ) . The Rural Municipality of Old Kildonan was originally part of the Rural Municipality of Kildonan , which was formed in 1875 in Manitoba . This was part of the Red River Colony , and originally rivalled Fort Garry in the Winnipeg area . It is bounded by the Red River on the east ; the North Limit of the City of Winnipeg on the north ; Pipeline Road , Mollard Road , Ritchie Street , Farmer Avenue , and Keewatin Street on the west ; and Carruthers Avenue , McPhillips Street , Templeton Avenue , the Canadian Pacific Railway Winnipeg Beach Subdivision , Seaforth Avenue , Main Street , and the north limit of the Kildonan Golf Course on the south . From 1875 to 1914 , Kildonan covered a large area on both sides of the Red River , just north of the original City of Winnipeg . In 1914 , Kildonan was divided : The area east of the river became the R. M. of East Kildonan , and the area west of the river became the R. M. of West Kildonan . At that time , West Kildonan included the area of Old Kildonan but on July 1,1921 the two municipalities divided , as West Kildonan had been developed as a residential suburb of Winnipeg , and wanted expensive urban services , while Old Kildonan remained primarily rural , and still had the rural farming character of the `` Old '' Parish of Kildonan . The area did not see substantial development until the late 1960s with the construction of The Maples subdivision , and even today contains substantial undeveloped areas and a number of farms . Category : Former municipalities now in Winnipeg Category : Neighbourhoods in Winnipeg", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d2a318c4c97dc7087abefde25e443fd9", "text": "Grade II listed buildings in Brighton and Hove: M As of February 2001 , there were 1,124 listed buildings with Grade II status in the English city of Brighton and Hove . The total at 2009 was similar . The city , on the English Channel coast approximately 52 mi south of London , was formed as a unitary authority in 1997 by the merger of the neighbouring towns of Brighton and Hove . Queen Elizabeth II granted city status in 2000 . In England , a building or structure is defined as `` listed '' when it is placed on a statutory register of buildings of `` special architectural or historic interest '' by the Secretary of State for Culture , Media and Sport , a Government department , in accordance with the Planning ( Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas ) Act 1990 . English Heritage , a non-departmental public body , acts as an agency of this department to administer the process and advise the department on relevant issues . There are three grades of listing status . The Grade II designation is the lowest , and is used for `` nationally important buildings of special interest '' . Grade II * is used for `` particularly important buildings of more than special interest '' ; there are 69 such buildings in the city . There are also 24 Grade I listed buildings ( defined as being of `` exceptional interest '' and greater than national importance , and the highest of the three grades ) in Brighton and Hove . This list summarises 131 Grade II-listed buildings and structures whose names begin with M. Numbered buildings with no individual name are listed by the name of the street they stand on . Some listings include contributory fixtures such as surrounding walls or railings in front of the building . These are summarised by notes alongside the building name .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "14ae8b4e374f800e30878d48e407f3ce", "text": "Winnipeg into the '90s Winnipeg into the '90s was an alliance of progressive and left-leaning municipal politicians in the Canadian city of Winnipeg , Manitoba . It endorsed several candidates in the city 's municipal elections of 1989 , 1992 and 1995 , including future mayor Glen Murray and future provincial Premier Greg Selinger . `` WIN '' was formed to oppose the `` Gang of 18 '' , an informal group of right-wing municipal councillors who held a majority on council and met regularly before official council meetings to determine the city 's agenda . The `` Gang of 18 '' was a successor to the Independent Citizens ' Election Committee , a right-wing municipal party that dominated Winnipeg 's city council from the early 1970s to the early 1980s . Several WIN candidates were successful in the 1989 election , and the council was no longer under the control of any faction after the election . WIN continued as a political organization in Winnipeg , under the name Winnipeg in the '90s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b380e46c40923658670849d8ead764ff", "text": "Burnaby News Leader Burnaby News Leader was a community newspaper in Burnaby , British Columbia founded in 1989 and closed in 2015 . In 2009 , it was awarded Newspaper of the Year by Suburban Newspapers of America . In 2015 , Black Press sold the News Leader to Glacier Media . In September 2015 , Glacier announced the closure of the News Leader , New Westminster News Leader and Tri-Cities Now as of October 1 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e1eb62fa7b75546391bc8df70d7a37ef", "text": "Columbia, British Columbia Columbia was a city in the Boundary Country region of the southernmost Interior of British Columbia . It was incorporated on May 4 , 1899 . It amalgamated with the adjacent City of Grand Forks in 1903 . Columbia , now within West Grand Forks , is home to the oldest unrelocated Canadian Pacific railway station in the province .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "98aec2f11436e3eb653a71f3ac90eca7", "text": "Stickeen Territories The Stickeen Territories -LSB- stɪˈkiːn -RSB- , also colloquially rendered as Stickeen Territory , Stikine Territory , and Stikeen Territory , was a territory of British North America whose brief existence began July 19 , 1862 , and concluded July of the following year . The region was split from the North-Western Territory in the wake of the Stikine Gold Rush . The initial strike attracted large numbers of miners -- mostly American -- to the region ; by detaching the region from the exclusive trade zone of the Hudson 's Bay Company , British authorities were able to impose tariffs and licences on the speculators . The new territory , named after the Stikine River , was under the responsibility of the Governor of the Colony of British Columbia , James Douglas , who was appointed `` Administrator of the Stickeen Territories '' and under British law , within the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of British Columbia . The boundaries of the territory were : the 62nd parallel to the North , the 125th meridian to the East , the Nass and Finlay Rivers to the South , and the panhandle of Russian America to the west ( only vaguely defined by treaty and disputed until resolved with the Alaska Boundary Settlement of 1903 ) . A year later , the Stickeen was added to the Colony of British Columbia ( along with the Colony of the Queen Charlotte Islands ) , except for the sector north of the 60th parallel , which was returned to the North-Western Territory . In 1895 , this strip was again redistributed , this time to the District of Yukon , as newly constituted during the midst of the Klondike Gold Rush .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "18430fe303a4792683b1e158ddcceaca", "text": "History of Brisbane Brisbane 's recorded history dates from 1799 , when Matthew Flinders explored Moreton Bay on an expedition from Port Jackson , although the region had long been occupied by the Jagera and Turrbal aboriginal tribes . The town was conceived initially as a penal colony for British convicts sent from Sydney . Its suitability for fishing , farming , timbering , and other occupations , however , caused it to be opened to free settlement in 1838 . The town became a municipality in 1859 and a consolidated metropolitan area in 1924 . The city hosted the 1982 Commonwealth Games , World Expo 88 , and the 2014 G20 Brisbane summit .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1780fee6ad6400a4bec640699103ae2a", "text": "List of cities in Manitoba A city is an incorporated urban municipality in the Canadian province of Manitoba . In Manitoba , an urban municipality must have a minimum population of 7,500 to be named a city . Manitoba has 10 cities , including Flin Flon that is partially located within the neighbouring province of Saskatchewan . These cities had a cumulative population of 790,957 and an average population of 79,096 in the 2011 Census . The province 's largest and smallest cities are Winnipeg and the Manitoba portion of Flin Flon with populations of 663,617 and 5,363 respectively . The Manitoba portion of Flin Flon once had a population in excess of 7,500 in 1981 when it had 7,894 residents . Manitoba 's newest city is Morden , which changed from a town to a city on August 24 , 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "451c1d07900c016af689dfcdb5a635b5", "text": "List of cities in Saskatchewan A city is a type of incorporated urban municipality in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan . A city is created from a town by the Minister of Municipal Affairs by ministerial order via section 39 of The Cities Act if the town has a population of 5,000 or more and the change in status is requested by the town council . In the early history of the province , the threshold for city status was much lower , with both Saskatoon and Regina achieving city status with populations in the 3,000 range . One city , Melville , currently has a population well below the 5,000 mark , but retains its city status as of 2015 . Saskatchewan has 16 cities including Lloydminster , which traverses the provincial border with Alberta , but not including Flin Flon , which traverses the provincial border with Manitoba . Not including Flin Flon , Saskatchewan 's cities had a cumulative population of 595,707 and an average population of 37,232 in the 2011 Census . Saskatchewan 's largest and smallest cities are Saskatoon and Melville with populations of 222,189 and 4,546 respectively . __ FORCETOC __", "title": "" }, { "docid": "23c1f727fbea3044fa3cb01d88e93c95", "text": "Charlottetown Charlottetown ( -LSB- ˈʃɑːrləttaʊn -RSB- -LSB- ʃaʁlɔt.tawn -RSB- ; Baile Sheàrlot ) is the capital and largest city of the Canadian province of Prince Edward Island , and the county seat of Queens County . Named after Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz , queen consort of the United Kingdom , Charlottetown was originally an unincorporated town that incorporated as a city in 1855 . It was famously the site of the Charlottetown Conference in 1864 , the first gathering of Canadian and Maritime statesmen to debate the proposed Maritime Union and the more persuasive British North American Union , now known as Canadian Confederation . From this , the city adopted as its motto `` Cunabula Foederis '' -- `` Birthplace of Confederation '' . The population of Charlottetown in the 2011 census was 34,562 ; this forms the centre of a census agglomeration of 64,487 , which is slightly less than half of the province 's population ( 140,204 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3f85c597c111599b5d51e2f4eeab34e4", "text": "Burnaby Association for Community Inclusion The Burnaby Association for Community Inclusion ( BACI ) is a charitable organization in Burnaby , British Columbia , Canada that provides services to infants , children , youth , and adults with developmental disabilities in the local area . BACI is a place where children and adults of all abilities are supported to reach for their dreams and make decisions about their lives -- where they want to live , work , learn and grow . Who their friends are . What they believe in . BACI was created in 1956 , when parents of children with disabilities in Burnaby gathered to advocate for the rights of their sons and daughters . BACI has grown into a non-profit organization that provides innovative services to over 1,000 children , youth and adults with developmental disabilities and their families in Metro Vancouver . BACI provides a wide range of training , development , social/recreational and employment opportunities . Throughout BACI and in its social enterprises -- BC Woodworks , Action Packaging and Yard ` n Works -- BACI supports the employment ( or economic inclusion ) of people with disabilities . BACI continues to seek opportunities to increase social awareness and effect change in the way people with disabilities are viewed in society . Help BACI build a more inclusive and caring community by partnering with it on innovative social and economic initiatives , volunteering on one of its committees , participating in annual celebrations and events or becoming a member .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8c836114e5d1b60cee67ada046bb807d", "text": "Australian Capital Territory The Australian Capital Territory ( ACT ; formerly , `` The Territory for the Seat of Government '' and , later , the `` Federal Capital Territory '' ) is the federal district in the south east of Australia , enclaved within New South Wales . Its only city is Canberra , the capital city of Australia . Geographically , the territory is bounded by the Goulburn-Cooma railway line in the east , the watershed of Naas Creek in the south , the watershed of the Cotter River in the west , and the watershed of the Molonglo River in the north-east . The ACT also has a small strip of territory around the southern end of the Beecroft Peninsula , which is the northern headland of Jervis Bay . The need for a national territory was flagged by colonial delegates during the Federation conventions of the late 19th century . Section 125 of the Australian Constitution provided that , following Federation in 1901 , land would be ceded freely to the new Federal Government . The territory was transferred to the Commonwealth by the state of New South Wales in 1911 , two years prior to the naming of Canberra as the national capital in 1913 . The floral emblem of the ACT is the royal bluebell and the bird emblem is the gang-gang cockatoo . The economic activity of the Australian Capital Territory is heavily concentrated around Canberra . A stable housing market , steady employment and rapid population growth in the 21st century have led to economic prosperity and in 2011 CommSec ranked the ACT as the second best performing economic region in the country . This trend continued into 2016 , when the territory was ranked the third best performing out of all of Australia 's states and territories . There is a higher proportion of young adults in the region compared with other Australian states or territories . Approximately one-fifth of ACT residents were born outside of Australia , mainly in the United Kingdom . Almost one-fifth speak a language other than English at home , the most common being Chinese .", "title": "" } ]	fever
3e548713be60124631d3bfceb234e190	Tom Hanks has been granted a French Legion of Honor.	[ { "docid": "7c2084c54fd53d8abfd6b1e2cfb7e937", "text": "Tom Hanks Thomas Jeffrey Hanks ( born July 9 , 1956 ) is an American actor and filmmaker . He is known for his various comedic and dramatic film roles , including Splash ( 1984 ) , Big ( 1988 ) , Turner & Hooch ( 1989 ) , A League of Their Own ( 1992 ) , Sleepless in Seattle ( 1993 ) , Philadelphia ( 1993 ) , Forrest Gump ( 1994 ) , Apollo 13 ( 1995 ) , Saving Private Ryan ( 1998 ) , You 've Got Mail ( 1998 ) , The Green Mile ( 1999 ) , Cast Away ( 2000 ) , Road to Perdition ( 2002 ) , and The Da Vinci Code ( 2006 ) , as well as for his voice work in the animated films The Polar Express ( 2004 ) and the Toy Story series . Hanks ' films have grossed more than $ 4.5 billion at U.S. and Canadian box offices and more than $ 9.0 billion worldwide , making him the third-highest-grossing actor in North America . Hanks has been nominated for numerous awards during his career . He won a Golden Globe Award and an Academy Award for Best Actor for his role in Philadelphia , as well as a Golden Globe , an Academy Award , a Screen Actors Guild Award , and a People 's Choice Award for Best Actor for his role in Forrest Gump . In 2004 , he received the Stanley Kubrick Britannia Award for Excellence in Film from the British Academy of Film and Television Arts ( BAFTA ) . In 2014 , he received a Kennedy Center Honor and , in 2016 , he received a Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Barack Obama , as well as the French Legion of Honor . Hanks is also known for his collaborations with film director Steven Spielberg on Saving Private Ryan , Catch Me If You Can ( 2002 ) , The Terminal ( 2004 ) , and Bridge of Spies ( 2015 ) , as well as the 2001 miniseries Band of Brothers , which launched Hanks as a successful director , producer , and screenwriter . In 2010 , Spielberg and Hanks were executive producers on the HBO miniseries The Pacific ( a companion piece to Band of Brothers ) .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "6f1812282c3e543fe89fe1a092aad8d6", "text": "French Connection II French Connection II is a 1975 crime drama film starring Gene Hackman and directed by John Frankenheimer . It is a fictional sequel to the initially true story of the 1971 Academy Award winning picture The French Connection . The film expands on the central character of Det. Jimmy `` Popeye '' Doyle who travels to Marseille , France where he is attempting to track down French drug-dealer Alain Charnier , who got away at the end of the first film . Hackman won an Academy Award for Best Actor for the original The French Connection and he and Fernando Rey are the only returning cast members .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "05325d2864eeb551bd2a548c332c397d", "text": "Order of Good Cheer The Order of Good Cheers ( French : L'Ordre de Bon Temps ) , was originally a French Colonial Order founded by suggestion of Samuel de Champlain upon arrival in New France , present day Canada . The Order of Good Cheer , was founded at Port-Royal , Nova Scotia and was originally chartered under the Royal auspices of the Baron de Poutrincourt and Pierre Dugua , Sieur de Mons . The Order 's practices were established by the first Chief Steward Marc Lescarbot . On May 11 , 2001 , the Speaker of the House in Nova Scotia , Canada , the Hon. Murray Scott reaffirmed official recognition of the Order in Canada as grant of the Province under the custodianship of the Nova Scotia Ministry of Heritage . According to resolution 1111 , the minimum condition of membership to the Order is that a pledge to visit Nova Scotia must be made . The Order is generally presented in recognition of individuals valued by the Province of Nova Scotia or in honour of the Acadian tradition in Canada . One becomes a member of the Order of Good Cheer by receiving an invitation from the Province of Nova Scotia or by a Chevalier / Member of the Order . It was after an impossible winter at Ste. Croix Island where many of the first French settlers in North America died of scurvy that the French fur trading colony relocated across the Baie Française ( Bay of Fundy ) , settling the following year in a location they named Port-Royal . At the time it was believed that `` land sickness '' ( now known as scurvy ) was caused by idleness , so Champlain organized the Order to include not just food , but also entertainment . The first meeting , which took place on November 14 , 1606 , included a theatrical performance called `` Le Theatre de Neptune en la Nouvelle-France '' . The play told the story of sailors travelling to the New World , only to encounter Neptune , god of the sea on the way . The Baron de Poutrincourt , Intendant to the King of France in North America , had been on an expedition on the Atlantic coast to the coast of present-day Maine , and , on the occasion of his return to the fort at Port-Royal , the Order was founded at a glorious reception , the preparations for which reportedly involved all those remaining at Port-Royal . His return on the 14th of November , 1606 , is a date to remember in the annals of the New World , as the establishment of the first North American order of chivalry and the birth of the Nouveau Noblesse of New France . The feasting of the Order occurred weekly and continued throughout the winter until the last of March , only to recommence annually in the Fall . The first toast of the Order made by the Baron de Poutrincourt : Quoting Lescarbot , the French historian François-Edme Rameau de Saint-Père writes : Poutrincourt returned from his excursion on the 14th November , 1606 ; Lescarbot , who was always full of ideas , and who knew , no doubt , the useful part to be obtained by exterior demonstrations , foresaw to prepare for his honor a quasi - triumphal return from his voyage ; Nature itself has already furnished the principle -LSB- sic -RSB- initiative , and advantage of it had been taken , everywhere were decorations and garlands of natural green ; a magnificent forest hid the rusticity of wooden buildings and huts ; even a theatre was built where allegoric scenes were represented ; there was a feast , a discharge of musketry , and as much noise as could be made by some fifty men , joined by a few Indians , whose families served as spectators . In 1606 , there were less than 70 men at Port-Royal . Lescarbot states that , in total , about 50 Frenchmen , joined by Indians , participated in the welcoming home of Poutrincourt and the first gathering of the Order . However only fifteen men of birth are recognized as founding the Order . These would have been the only men present at the time of sufficient social standing with whom Champlain and the Baron de Poutrincourt would care to dine . The guests of the Order likely sat at other tables , probably getting equally good dinners as the rest , but without being recognized as official members of the Order . Likely everyone at the settlement took part in the staging of `` Le Théâtre de Neptune en la Nouvelle-France , '' written by Lescarbot and performed at the first celebration Order , which was the first theatrical performance in North America .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "57fa02595e2d219579ab7e8c4afddfd8", "text": "52nd Academy Awards The 52nd Academy Awards were presented April 14 , 1980 , at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion in Los Angeles . The ceremonies were presided over by Johnny Carson who , in noting the long duration of the production , joked that President Jimmy Carter was working hard for their `` release '' from the ceremonies , a clear reference to the Iranian hostage crisis . Among the nominees for Best Supporting Actor were 8 year-old Justin Henry -- the youngest Best Supporting Actor nominee ever -- and 79-year-old Melvyn Douglas . This was the largest age difference between two competing actors in Oscar history until 2013 . Ironically , their age difference was partially the reason why Douglas did not attend the Oscars that night , despite winning the award . Henry was nominated for Kramer vs. Kramer , which out of its eight other nominations , finished with five awards , including Best Picture , Best Director for Robert Benton , and Best Actor for Dustin Hoffman .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5df96c0814e26b36c1c686b0693dcb1b", "text": "26th Academy Awards The 26th Academy Awards honored the best in films of 1953 . The second national telecast of the Awards show drew an estimated 43 million viewers . Shirley Booth , appearing in a play in Philadelphia , presented the Best Actor award through a live broadcast cut-in , and privately received the winner 's name over the telephone from co-host Donald O'Connor . ( Actor Fredric March co-hosted from New York City . ) Gary Cooper filmed his presentation of the Best Actress award in advance on a set in Mexico , with O'Connor announcing the winner 's name . All the major winners in this year were black-and-white films . The big winner was Fred Zinnemann 's From Here to Eternity , with thirteen nominations and eight awards including Best Picture , Best Supporting Actor , Best Supporting Actress , Best Director , Best Screenplay ( Daniel Taradash ) , Best Cinematography ( Burnett Guffey ) , Best Sound , and Best Film Editing . All five of its major actors and actresses were nominated , with secondary players Donna Reed and Frank Sinatra taking home Oscars . The candid film was based on James Jones ' controversial , best-selling novel about Army life on a Hawaiian ( Oahu ) military base just prior to the Pearl Harbor attack and World War II , illustrating the conflict between an individualistic private ( Montgomery Clift ) and rigid institutional authority ( exemplified by the Army ) . Its achievement of eight awards matched the then record held by Gone with the Wind ( 1939 ) . The record would be tied again the following year by On the Waterfront ( 1954 ) . Walt Disney won four awards , which remains the record for the most Oscars won in the same year . William Holden 's speech for Best Actor for his role in Stalag 17 was simply `` Thank You '' , making it one of the shortest speeches ever ; the TV broadcast had a strict cutoff time which forced Holden 's quick remarks . The frustrated Holden personally paid for advertisements in the Hollywood trade publications to thank everyone he wanted to on Oscar night . He also remarked that he felt that either Burt Lancaster or Montgomery Clift should have won the Best Actor Oscar for From Here to Eternity , instead of him .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3d7dc243d6b85904d1b5aa991147aa4f", "text": "Awards of the United States Department of State The United States Department of State , like other agencies of the U.S. federal government , gives civilian decorations for outstanding service , sacrifice , or heroism . The criteria for the awards are set down in 3 FAM 4820 - Foreign Affairs Manual , 3 FAM - Personnel , section 3 FAM 4800 Department Awards Program . State Department awards are broken down into four types : honor awards , achievement awards , service awards , and recognition awards . In addition , there are awards which are no longer given but for which certificates , ribbons , or medals may still be occasionally seen . The Foreign Affairs Manual described the purpose of Department of State honor awards as to `` bestow recognition on an individual or group who has made a significant contribution to the agency 's mission '' and states that `` The honor awards vary in scope and magnitude . The impact of the act or deed which precipitates the nomination must be carefully examined , and consideration given to whether the act to be recognized benefits the post or bureau , the area , the agency , or the Federal Government as a whole . '' Upon authorization , members of the U.S. military may wear the medal and ribbon in the appropriate order of precedence as a U.S. non-military personal decoration . As delineated in numerous diplomatic cables describing each one , achievement awards recognize specific service over the previous year in a specific field or job category . The majority of the awards include a certificate , signed by the Secretary of State and a cash bonus . The cash bonuses range from zero to $ 10,000 . Some awards are sponsored by private donors , who are often former members of the Foreign Service . There is a minimum requirement for several valid nominations in a category in order for some awards to be presented ; if there are insufficient nominees or the nominations do not meet a specific threshold , then no award is presented that year . Currently , none of the achievement awards includes a medal set . Service awards are common for the Armed Forces but are not currently favored by the Director General of the Foreign Service . The Department of State currently awards two service awards , the Secretary 's Career Achievement Award and the Expeditionary Service Award . The Expeditionary Service Award is a new award as of 2011 that recognizes service by Civil and Foreign Service employees in areas designated by the Director General of the Foreign Service .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "76781d472b0c1e0f80d5dda21fe18b28", "text": "Prix d'Astronautique The Prix d'Astronautique ( Astronautics Prize ) was an international award of the Société astronomique de France , the French astronomical society , given in recognition of the study of interplanetary travel and astronautics . Specifically , the award was given `` to recognize the best original scientific work , theoretical or experimental , that is able to advance one of the questions related to the realisation of space travel , or to increase human understanding of one of the branches related to the science of astronautics . '' Established by aviation and astronautical pioneer Robert Esnault-Pelterie and André-Louis Hirsch , a sponsor for early astronautics in France , it was the first prize for astronautics in the world . The idea for establishing the prize originated during a dinner Hirsch and Esnault-Pelterie organised in Paris on 26 December 1927 . Their guests discussed the emerging science of space travel , which they called `` astronautics '' at the suggestion of science fiction writer J.H. Rosny the elder . Hirsch and Esnault-Pelterie provided funds -- 5,000 francs annually for 1928 , 1929 , and 1930 -- to the Société astronomique de France , for an annual award in astronautics in their names : the Prix REP-Hirsch . A Comité d'Astronautique was established within the Société astronomique de France to manage the prize . In addition to Hirsch , Esnault-Pelterie and Rosny the elder , the committee was composed of : President : General Gustave-Auguste Ferrié Vice-Presidents : Jean Perrin and Eugène Fichot Members : Henri-Alexandre Deslandres , G. Urbain , Charles Fabry , Jules Baillaud , Em . Belot , Jos. Bethenod , Dr André Bing , général Charbonnier , H. Chrétien , Ernest Esclangon , Léon Gaumont , A. Lambert , Charles Maurain , Rodolphe Soreau . The prize was awarded for 10 years , from 1929 to 1939 . In 1936 , the name of the award changed from the Prix REP-Hirsch to the Prix d'Astronautique .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "973c917de40eab48ee58f0229be75b80", "text": "Albert Taubert Albert Taubert was a member of the United States Marine Corps who received the Navy Cross and Distinguished Service Cross for his actions during the Battle of Soissons in World War I. Later , he received a second Navy Cross during the second peacekeeping campaign in Haiti . His Distinguished Service Cross citation reads : The President of the United States of America , authorized by Act of Congress , July 9 , 1918 , takes pleasure in presenting the Distinguished Service Cross to Private Albert Adolph Taubert ( MCSN : 78838 ) , United States Marine Corps , for extraordinary heroism while serving with the Sixty-Sixth Company , Fifth Regiment ( Marines ) , 2d Division , A.E.F. , in action in the Villers Cotterets Forest , south of Soissons , France , 18 July 1918 . Private Taubert went out in advance of the line of his company into the fire of a machine gun that was shooting at him and captured the gun and its crew . His first Navy Cross citation reads : The President of the United States of America takes pleasure in presenting the Navy Cross to Private Albert Adolph Taubert ( MCSN : 78838 ) , United States Marine Corps , for extraordinary heroism while serving with the 66th Company , 5th Regiment ( Marines ) , 2d Division , A.E.F. in action in the Villers Cotterets Forest , south of Soissons , France , 18 July 1918 . Private Taubert went out in advance of the line of his company into the fire of a machine gun that was shooting at him and captured the gun and its crew . His second Navy Cross citation reads : The President of the United States of America takes pleasure in presenting a Gold Star in lieu of a Second Award of the Navy Cross to Sergeant Albert Adolph Taubert ( MCSN : 78838 ) , United States Marine Corps , for extraordinary heroism in the line of his profession while serving with the First Provisional Brigade of Marines ( Gendarmerie d'Haiti ) , 19 May 1920 . With total disregard of personal danger he attacked , with Captain Jesse L. Perkins and two other enlisted men , a band of about seventy-five armed bandits of the Mirebalais District , resulting in the death of the greatest bandit leader , Benoit Batraville , and the practical suppression of banditry throughout the District . Taubert was born in Madison , Wisconsin .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "207a51cec27f730decb37cb7d1975c36", "text": "Tom Green Michael Thomas `` Tom '' Green ( born July 30 , 1971 ) is a Canadian actor , rapper , writer , comedian , producer , director , talk show host , and media personality . Best known for his unique brand of comedy , he found mainstream prominence via his MTV television show The Tom Green Show . Green is also known for his roles in the Hollywood films Road Trip ( 2000 ) , Charlie 's Angels ( 2000 ) , Freddy Got Fingered ( 2001 ) , Stealing Harvard ( 2002 ) and Shred ( 2008 ) . He was briefly married to actress Drew Barrymore . In June 2003 , Green served as a guest host on Late Show with David Letterman , which led to him hosting his own late-night talk show on MTV titled The New Tom Green Show . From 2006 until 2011 he hosted his internet talk show Tom Green 's House Tonight from his living room , and began performing stand-up comedy in 2010 . From October 2013 to November 2014 Green hosted the live weekly talk-show Tom Green Live on AXS TV .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c4560eb3bc497b271b96273053107e0c", "text": "Norman Lear Center The Norman Lear Center is a multi-disciplinary research and public policy center exploring implications of the convergence of entertainment , commerce , and society . It is based at the USC Annenberg School for Communication . Through scholarship and research , and its programs of visiting fellows , conferences , public events and publications , the Lear Center works to be at the forefront of discussion and practice in the field . The Center is named for benefactor Norman Lear , the social activist and philanthropist , and television producer , and was founded and is directed by Marty Kaplan , associate dean of the USC Annenberg School , who has been a political speechwriter , Hollywood studio executive , and screenwriter-producer . The Lear Center officially launched on January 24 , 2000 . Some of the programs it houses include Entertainment Goes Global , which explores the political , cultural , economic and technological implications of the globalization of entertainment ; Celebrity , Politics & Public Life , wherein faculty and deans from over 20 USC departments convene to develop an inter-disciplinary analysis of American political life , as it is shaped by popular culture ; and Hollywood , Health & Society , which provides entertainment industry professionals with accurate and timely information for health storylines . Hollywood , Health & Society is funded by , and works closely with such governmental agencies as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , the National Institutes of Health , and the National Cancer Institute . That program hosts its annual Sentinel for Health Awards to recognize exemplary television storylines that best inform , educate and motivate viewers to make choices for healthier and safer lives . Since 2005 , the Lear Center 's Grand Avenue Intervention Project has been a driving force behind the civic outreach for the planning of a new 16 acre park in the heart of downtown Los Angeles . In partnership with the Los Angeles Times , the Lear Center solicited design proposals from the public and published a selection of them in a special section of the Times . The Lear Center 's publishing imprint has published several works of scholarship such as Artists , Technology & The Ownership of Creative Content , Warners ' War : Politics , Pop Culture & Propaganda in Wartime Hollywood , Frank Capra and the Image of the Journalist in American Film , and Ready to Share : Creativity & Fashion in Digital Culture .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "30335ddaab944bb2fdd0e3eae455e5ac", "text": "36th César Awards The 36th César Awards ceremony was presented by the Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma in Paris , France to honour its selection of the best French films of 2010 on 25 February 2011 . The ceremony was chaired by Jodie Foster and hosted by Antoine de Caunes . The audience gave a standing ovation to Olivia de Havilland , their `` special honored guest '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f249cc4b7a1abf68b52bd5ad009cd860", "text": "Born on the Fourth of July (film) Born on the Fourth of July is a 1989 American biographical war drama film based on the best-selling autobiography of the same name by Vietnam War veteran Ron Kovic . Tom Cruise plays Ron Kovic , in a performance that earned him his first Academy Award nomination . Oliver Stone ( himself a Vietnam veteran ) co-wrote the screenplay with Kovic , and also produced and directed the film . Stone wanted to film the movie in Vietnam , but because relations between the United States and Vietnam had not yet been normalized , it was instead filmed in the Philippines . The film is considered part of Stone 's `` trilogy '' of films about the Vietnam War -- following Platoon ( 1986 ) and preceding Heaven & Earth ( 1993 ) . Born on the Fourth of July was nominated for eight Academy Awards and won two , for Best Director and Best Film Editing ; it also won four Golden Globe Awards and a Directors Guild of America Award . The film was a critical and commercial success , grossing $ 161,001,698 worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8390795b8ecf4ce30cbb862e3a4a2b42", "text": "Louis Havet Pierre Antoine Louis Havet ( -LSB- avɛ -RSB- ; 6 January 1849 , Paris -- 26 January 1925 , Paris ) was a French Latinist and Hellenist , an expert on classical Greek and Latin poetry . He was the son of Ernest Havet . He was professor at Collège de France , where in 1885-1925 he was chairman of the department of Latin philology . Since 1893 he was member of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres . In 1917 he became the first vice-president of the Association Guillaume Budé . He was member of the central committee of the Ligue des droits de l'homme ( `` Human Rightl League '' ) , which defended Alfred Dreyfus in the Dreyfus affair .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ac15bbc56715bc55dcc6de3bda402349", "text": "César Award for Best Original Screenplay The César Award for Best Original Screenplay ( César du meilleur scénario original ) is an award presented by the Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma . It was initially awarded from 1983 to 1985 , and then awarded again in 2006 , when the original category ( César Award for Best Writing ) was split into two awards , the other being César Award for Best Adaptation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ca830f4d08e529fee74b94f6b1eecca5", "text": "Histoire(s) du cinéma Histoire ( s ) du cinéma ( -LSB- is.twaʁ dy si.ne.ma -RSB- ) is an 8-part video project begun by Jean-Luc Godard in the late 1980s and completed in 1998 . The longest , at 266 minutes , and one of the most complex of Godard 's films , Histoire ( s ) du cinéma is an examination of the history of the concept of cinema and how it relates to the 20th century ; in this sense , it can also be considered a critique of the 20th century and how it perceives itself . The project is considered by many the most important work of the late period of Godard 's career . Histoire ( s ) du cinéma is always referred to by its French title , because of the word play it implies : histoire means both `` history '' and `` story , '' and the s in parentheses gives the possibility of a plural . Therefore , the phrase Histoire ( s ) du cinéma simultaneously means The History of Cinema , Histories of Cinema , The Story of Cinema and Stories of Cinema . Similar double or triple meanings , as well as puns , are a recurring motif throughout Histoire ( s ) and much of Godard 's work . The film was screened out of competition at the 1988 Cannes Film Festival . Nine years later , it was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1997 Festival . The soundtrack was released as a 5-CD boxed set on the ECM record label .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6943902f6ebfd32e0cca0876999d1028", "text": "Jerome Charyn Jerome Charyn ( born May 13 , 1937 ) is an American author . With nearly 50 published works over a 50-year span , Charyn has a long-standing reputation as an inventive and prolific chronicler of real and imagined American life . Michael Chabon calls him `` one of the most important writers in American literature . '' New York Newsday hailed Charyn as `` a contemporary American Balzac , '' and the Los Angeles Times described him as `` absolutely unique among American writers . '' Charyn 's first novel , Once Upon a Droshky was published in 1964 . Only with Blue Eyes ( 1975 ) , the debut of detective character Isaac Sidel , did Charyn vault to wide attention and acclaim . As of 2017 , Charyn has published 37 novels , three memoirs , nine graphic novels , two books about film , short stories , plays and works of non-fiction . Two of his memoirs were named New York Times Book of the Year . Charyn has been a finalist for the PEN/Faulkner Award for Fiction . Charyn was awarded a John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Fellowship in Fiction , 1983 . He received the Rosenthal Award from the American Academy of Arts and Letters and has been named Commander of Arts and Letter ( Ordre des Arts et des Lettres ) by the French Minister of Culture . Charyn was Distinguished Professor of Film Studies at the American University of Paris until 2009 , when he retired from teaching . In addition to his writing and teaching , Charyn is a tournament table tennis player , once ranked in the top 10 percent of players in France . Noted novelist Don DeLillo called Charyn 's book on table tennis , Sizzling Chops & Devilish Spins , `` The Sun Also Rises of ping-pong . '' Charyn lives in Paris and New York City .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "66eb7b16b2407ebb43df383212c46083", "text": "1914–1918 Inter-Allied Victory medal (France) The 1914 -- 1918 Inter-Allied Victory medal ( `` Médaille Interalliée de la Victoire 1914 -- 1918 '' ) was a French commemorative medal established 20 July 1922 . It was awarded to all soldiers who served three months , consecutive or not , between 2 August 1914 and 11 November 1918 in the war zone . It was also awarded to civilian nurses , aliens ( civilian or military ) who served directly under French command , Marshals and generals who had a command for at least three months , prisoners of war from Alsace and Lorraine ( region ) . Article 10 of the establishing law states : `` The award of the medal is also acquired by military members who were killed by the enemy or died from wounds of war and those who died of disease or injury incurred in service . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "77452b4638831f84f43d49cc7f9286cc", "text": "Honour medal for firefighters The Honour medal for firefighters ( `` Médaille d'honneur des Sapeurs Pompiers '' ) is a state decoration of France bestowed by the Ministry of the Interior to members of the French Fire Service . Although possessing a two century old firefighting tradition , the French government proved slow in recognizing the service and courage of the men and women who face risk on a daily basis to save lives and property . Not until 1875 was a service certificate established and bestowed for thirty years of service . This was the only means of recognizing the devotion to duty of Parisian and rural firemen until the establishment of the Honour medal for firefighters by a law of 16 February 1900 . Another twenty two years would elapse until a decree of 14 March 1922 added a rosette to the ribbon of the medal to denote an act of bravery . A later law of 12 December 1934 added silver-gilt and gold grades to the medal for long service . A silver-gilt grade of the medal for exceptional service only came to be in 1962 . The decree of 4 March 1981 saw a new design and ribbon for the Honour medal for firefighters awarded for exceptional service .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0d29c971df00dfcec738c554bc298ac8", "text": "Tom Courtenay Sir Thomas Daniel `` Tom '' Courtenay ( -LSB- ˈkɔrtni -RSB- born 25 February 1937 ) is an English actor who came to prominence in the early 1960s with a succession of films , including The Loneliness of the Long Distance Runner ( 1962 ) , Billy Liar ( 1963 ) , and Doctor Zhivago ( 1965 ) . Since the mid-1960s , he has been known primarily for his work in the theatre , although he received an Academy Award nomination for Best Actor for the film adaptation of The Dresser ( 1983 ) , which he had performed on the West End and on Broadway . He received a knighthood in February 2001 for his service to cinema and theatre .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "24fa5861f6998a227fe4c12f0e539bfd", "text": "Joan of Paris Joan of Paris is a 1942 war film about five Royal Air Force pilots shot down over Nazi-occupied France during World War II and their attempt to escape to England . It stars Michèle Morgan , Paul Henreid , Thomas Mitchell and Laird Cregar . Joan of Paris marked the U.S. screen debuts of Austrian Henreid and Frenchwoman Morgan . Henreid had previously appeared in some British-American co-productions made in England and had starred on Broadway in the play Flight to the West as Paul von Hernreid . When he was signed with RKO in 1942 , the studio changed his surname , dropping the `` von '' and changing his last name to `` Henreid '' , the name he used for the rest of his film career . Cregar was borrowed from 20th-Century Fox . Alan Ladd , who played one of the downed airmen , would soon become a star later that year . After his breakthrough starring role in This Gun for Hire ( 1942 ) , Joan of Paris was re-released with Ladd more prominently featured . This film also features May Robson 's last role .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a15232d320a80e5728993796ce69f23c", "text": "Colin Hanks Colin Hanks ( born Colin Lewes Dillingham ; November 24 , 1977 ) is an American actor and filmmaker . He is known for starring as characters in films such as Shaun Brumder in Orange County , Preston in King Kong , Oliver in The House Bunny , and Troy Gable in The Great Buck Howard . His television roles include Alex Whitman in Roswell , Henry Jones in Band of Brothers , Travis Marshall in Dexter , officer Gus Grimly in Fargo , Jack Bailey in The Good Guys , and Greg Short in Life in Pieces . He is the eldest son of actor Tom Hanks . In the Talking Tom and Friends animated series , he voices Talking Tom .", "title": "" } ]	fever
6b0938eae2e7369b2f35a96ce43a76d7	The Boys from Brazil features Gregory Peck.	[ { "docid": "638f1a440908db4c741b4c3d2b32e272", "text": "The Boys from Brazil (film) The Boys from Brazil is a 1978 British-American science fiction thriller film directed by Franklin J. Schaffner . It stars Gregory Peck and Laurence Olivier and features James Mason , Lilli Palmer , Uta Hagen , Denholm Elliott , and Steve Guttenberg in supporting roles . The film is based on the 1976 novel of the same name by Ira Levin , and was nominated for three Academy Awards .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "39e0f6a2041b493df34a90ce84d1d49c", "text": "Boys' School Boys ' School ( Les Disparus de Saint-Agil in French ) is a 1938 French drama film by Christian-Jaque based on the novel of the same title by Pierre Véry .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "82a2305700d7925625045a494e9f9908", "text": "Adiós muchachos Adiós , muchachos ( English language : Goodbye , boys ) is a 1955 Argentine film directed by Armando Bo and written by Rafael García Ibáñez . The film starred Pola Alonso and Arturo Arcari .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b559409197fb6d5545c44a4eb6a64c4b", "text": "Cecilia Peck Cecilia Peck ( born May 1 , 1958 ) is an American film producer , director and actress . She is the only daughter of actor Gregory Peck and his second wife Veronique Passani .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0ebd5f3d4b825edb9d3af4f89ac4ab7e", "text": "Gregory Jbara Gregory Jbara ( -LSB- dʒəˈbɑrə -RSB- born September 28 , 1961 ) is an American film , television and stage actor , and singer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b95538a900d63c4f1eb4ff3394003ebd", "text": "Algiers (film) Algiers is a 1938 American drama film directed by John Cromwell and starring Charles Boyer , Sigrid Gurie , and Hedy Lamarr . Written by John Howard Lawson , the film is about a notorious French jewel thief hiding in the labyrinthine native quarter of Algiers known as the Casbah . Feeling imprisoned by his self-imposed exile , he is drawn out of hiding by a beautiful French tourist who reminds him of happier times in Paris . The Walter Wanger production was a remake of the successful 1937 French film Pépé le Moko , which derived its plot from the Henri La Barthe novel of the same name . Algiers was a sensation because it was the first Hollywood film starring Hedy Lamarr , whose beauty became the main attraction for film audiences . The film is notable as one of the sources of inspiration to the screenwriters of the 1942 Warner Bros. film Casablanca who wrote it with Hedy Lamarr in mind as the original female lead . Charles Boyer 's depiction of the main character , Pepe Le Moko , inspired the Warner Bros. animated character , Pepé Le Pew . In 1966 , the film entered the public domain ( in the USA ) due to the claimants ' failure to renew its copyright registration in the 28th year after publication .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c967fbd37643c337b7c6c5536a543300", "text": "Amazing Grace and Chuck Amazing Grace and Chuck is a 1987 film starring William Petersen , Jamie Lee Curtis and Gregory Peck . The film was directed by Mike Newell . It was released on VHS in the UK as Silent Voice .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fc0c6de8b1f40b0b052e3a535ef31156", "text": "The Boy from Mercury The Boy from Mercury ( 1996 ) is a nostalgic Irish Film , the first from writer and director Martin Duffy . The film concerns the science-fiction daydreams of a young boy in 1960 Dublin . Upon release , the film received international critical acclaim , and several awards , though was commercially unsuccessful . It was the first time actors Rita Tushingham and Tom Courtenay had appeared on screen together since Doctor Zhivago thirty years earlier . The film was also the debut of young Irish actor James Hickey . The book of the making of the film , The Road to Mercury , written by the director , was released in 2006 by Ogma Press .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "488c7bc31d6cf2f69c8445a9205cb419", "text": "The Good Boys The Good Boys is a 1997 Indian Malayalam film , directed by KP Sunil and produced by Ali . The film stars Jagathy Sreekumar , Mani C. Kappan , Deepanjali and Harishree Ashokan in lead roles . The film had musical score by Bappi Lahiri .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "128f8a3842e309b76ea798cee14cdf0d", "text": "Gabriel Dell Gabriel Dell ( October 8 , 1919 -- July 3 , 1988 ) was an American actor and one of the members of what came to be known as the Dead End Kids , then later the East Side Kids and finally The Bowery Boys .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "119c61475141ef1d51ae6edcab3d863f", "text": "Little Boy (film) Little Boy is a 2015 World War II war fantasy-drama film directed by Alejandro Gómez Monteverde . The screenplay is by Monteverde and Pepe Portillo , and the film was produced by Eduardo Verástegui and Leo Severino , edited by Joan Sobel and Fernando Villena . The film stars Jakob Salvati , Emily Watson , Cary-Hiroyuki Tagawa , Michael Rapaport , David Henrie , Ben Chaplin , Eduardo Verástegui , Ted Levine , Abraham Benrubi , Tom Wilkinson . The title is a reference to Little Boy , the code name for the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima as well as a reference to Pepper , the main character 's height . The film was co-produced by Metanoia Films and Santa Fé Films and was released on April 24 , 2015 , by Open Road Films . It was released on DVD and Blu-ray on August 18 , 2015 by Universal Pictures Home Entertainment . The film received negative reviews from mainstream critics and it earned $ 17 million on a $ 20 million budget . The story of the movie is being used in the 2017 Bollywood movie Tubelight starring Salman Khan in the lead role .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0bbb5d2bf0bb834d2e48fedacce78b1a", "text": "The Boys (1998 film) The Boys is a 1998 Australian drama film directed by Rowan Woods . The screenplay by Stephen Sewell is based on the play by Gordon Graham ( loosely based on the murder of Anita Cobby ) , first performed by Griffin Theatre Company directed by Alex Galeazzi .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5209c3a851c1ac2947b779f33c5f5409", "text": "Barefoot Boy (film) Barefoot Boy is a 1938 American children 's adventure film , directed by Karl Brown , and `` suggested '' by the poem of the same name by American writer John Greenleaf Whittier . Text from the original poem is recited after the titles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "56e8319ab218752076da44aabb1de8b6", "text": "Gregory Walcott Gregory Walcott ( January 13 , 1928 -- March 20 , 2015 ) was an American television and film actor . Although he had roles in many successful Hollywood films and television series , he is perhaps best known for having appeared in the 1994 film Ed Wood and Wood 's cult classic Plan 9 from Outer Space from 1959 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3038e5dd6b60bf511f14fb96079c587c", "text": "The Leather Boys The Leather Boys is a 1964 British drama film about the rocker subculture in London featuring a gay motorcyclist . This film is notable as an early example of a film that violated the Hollywood production code , yet was still shown in the United States , as well as an important film in the genre of queer cinema . An example of British kitchen sink realism , it was considered daring in 1964 as it touched upon homosexuality , however obliquely . Reviewers have noted that it contains naturalistic photography and period locations such as the Ace Cafe . The film is based on a novel commissioned by the London literary agent and publisher Anthony Blond , who suggested that Gillian Freeman write about a `` Romeo and Romeo in the South London suburbs '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f96de5be0bf293ff1789e0eefc6330c7", "text": "Boys Will Be Boys (The Ordinary Boys song) `` Boys Will Be Boys '' is a single by British rock group the Ordinary Boys . It was released in 2005 , when it reached number 16 in the UK Singles Chart , but it re-entered the charts in January 2006 , following singer Samuel Preston 's appearance on Celebrity Big Brother . It reached number 3 in the UK Singles Chart and went to number 1 in the UK Official Download Chart on 8 February 2006 . In the film Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix , the song can be heard playing during a scene into the Gryffindor common room ( at min . 31:35 ) . In the film Van Wilder 2 : The Rise of Taj the song is used in the intro . In the film The Best Man , the song is part of the soundtrack , and it can be heard during a scene on a train of the London Underground `` The Tube '' ( at min . 28:32 ) . The song was also covered in a ` Oompa-ska ' style by Goldfrapp for BBC Radio 1 's Live Lounge on 27 April 2006 . It was subsequently released by Goldfrapp on their single `` Satin Boys , Flaming Chic '' . The song was ranked at number 49 in the 100 biggest selling singles of 2006 . The toasted verse towards the end of the song is performed by Ranking Junior , the son of Ranking Roger of 2-Tone group the Beat .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "67ce0937ee202100facd32049f84a3b6", "text": "Julio Oscar Mechoso Julio Oscar Mechoso ( born May 31 , 1955 ) is an American actor . He is occasionally credited as Julio Mechoso . Mechoso is a character actor in both television and film . He has appeared in several high-profile films , such as Grindhouse , Bad Boys and the controversial Ken Park . His television credits include Miami Vice , Coach , Seinfeld , and Greetings from Tucson . He has appeared in two Martin Lawrence films , Bad Boys and Blue Streak . He played a Police Detective in both . Mechoso is a Cuban American .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "887a2ef9acf07f0e4107a649f12c5ef9", "text": "Rosarigasinos Rosarigasinos ( Gangs from Rosario ) is a 2001 Argentine film , written and directed by Rodrigo Grande and starring Federico Luppi and Ulises Dumont . The film is also known as Presos del Olvido in Spain . The film was produced by Adolfo Aristarain , José Martínez , and José A. Martínez Suárez ; the associate producer was Alfredo Suaya and was partly funded by the INCAA .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "94d3563aa754a200949039edb4113389", "text": "São Paulo, Sociedade Anônima São Paulo , Sociedade Anônima is a 1965 Brazilian drama film written and directed by Luis Sérgio Person . The film stars Walmor Chagas as Carlos , a middle class man from São Paulo during the development of the automotive industry in the late 1950s , and follows him as he has an existential crisis amidst the industrialization process . The film was selected as the Brazilian entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 38th Academy Awards , but was not accepted as a nominee .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "daf52b5d538af377a99ea85142a85506", "text": "Herbert Richers Herbert Richers ( March 11 , 1923 -- November 20 , 2009 ) was a Brazilian film and dubbing producer . He was a pioneer in the field of voice-overs in Brazil and was responsible for the dubbing of many Hollywood blockbusters into Portuguese , particularly action films such as the Rambo , Rocky , and Lethal Weapon series of films , popular US TV series such as Charlie 's Angels , Buffy the Vampire Slayer , CSI : Miami , The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air and Friends and many cartoon series including Popeye and Scooby-Doo . He also produced over 55 Brazilian films between 1956 ( Com Água na Boca ) and 1975 and was also active with telenovelas .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b91efa8b29e501159cf8030546015762", "text": "A King and His Movie A King and His Movie ( La película del rey ) is a 1986 Argentine comedy drama film , directed by Carlos Sorín , and written by Sorín and Jorge Goldenberg . The movie features Ulises Dumont and Julio Chávez , among others .", "title": "" } ]	fever
a89a226b79dbceb5db9f428e4327ed4b	Outlander features the Jacobite risings.	[ { "docid": "545645e28649ee2a68f4edf3e2e9aadb", "text": "Outlander (TV series) Outlander is a British-American television drama series based on the historical time travel Outlander series of novels by Diana Gabaldon . Developed by Ronald D. Moore and produced by Sony Pictures Television and Left Bank Pictures for Starz , the show premiered on August 9 , 2014 . It stars Caitriona Balfe as Claire Randall , a married World War II nurse who in 1945 finds herself transported back to the Scotland of 1743 , where she encounters the dashing Highland warrior Jamie Fraser ( Sam Heughan ) and becomes embroiled in the Jacobite risings . The second season of 13 episodes , based on Dragonfly in Amber , premiered on April 9 , 2016 . On June 1 , 2016 , Starz renewed the series for a third and fourth season , which will adapt the third and fourth Outlander novels , Voyager and Drums of Autumn . The 13-episode third season is scheduled to premiere in September 2017 .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "3a8361e5ebfe38ff00fce433f38d5e78", "text": "James Murray (Jacobite Earl of Dunbar) James Murray , Earl of Dunbar ( c. 1690 -- 1770 ) was a Jacobite .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b8cdeaccd00bb2867e8043061d9f3211", "text": "Novel in Scotland The novel in Scotland includes all long prose fiction published in Scotland and by Scottish authors since the development of the literary format in the eighteenth century . The novel was soon a major element of Scottish literary and critical life . Tobias Smollett 's picaresque novels , such as The Adventures of Roderick Random and The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle mean that he is often seen as Scotland 's first novelist . Other Scots who contributed to the development of the novel in the eighteenth century include Henry Mackenzie and John Moore . There was a tradition of moral and domestic fiction in the early nineteenth century that included the work of Elizabeth Hamilton , Mary Brunton and Christian Johnstone . The outstanding literary figure of the early nineteenth century was Walter Scott , whose Waverley is often called the first historical novel . He had a major worldwide influence . His success led to a publishing boom in Scotland . Major figures that benefited included James Hogg , John Galt , John Gibson Lockhart , John Wilson and Susan Ferrier . In the mid-nineteenth century major literary figures that contributed to the development of the novel included David Macbeth Moir , John Stuart Blackie , William Edmondstoune Aytoun and Margaret Oliphant . In the late nineteenth century , a number of Scottish-born authors achieved international reputations , including Robert Louis Stevenson and Arthur Conan Doyle , whose Sherlock Holmes stories helped found the tradition of detective fiction . In the last two decades of the century the `` kailyard school '' ( cabbage patch ) depicted Scotland in a rural and nostalgic fashion , often seen as a `` failure of nerve '' in dealing with the rapid changes that had swept across Scotland in the industrial revolution . Figures associated with the movement include Ian Maclaren , S. R. Crockett and J. M. Barrie , best known for his creation of Peter Pan , which helped develop the genre of fantasy , as did the work of George MacDonald . Among the most important novels of the early twentieth century was The House with the Green Shutters by George Douglas Brown , which broke with the Kailyard tradition . John Buchan played a major role in the creation of the modern thriller with The Thirty-Nine Steps and Greenmantle . The Scottish literary Renaissance attempted to introduce modernism into art and create of a distinctive national literature . It increasingly focused on the novel . Major figures included Neil Gunn , George Blake , A. J. Cronin , Eric Linklater and Lewis Grassic Gibbon . There were also a large number of female authors associated with the movement , who included Catherine Carswell , Willa Muir , Nan Shepherd and Naomi Mitchison . Many major Scottish post-war novelists , such as Robin Jenkins , Jessie Kesson , Muriel Spark , Alexander Trocchi and James Kennaway spent most of their lives outside Scotland , but often dealt with Scottish themes . Successful mass-market works included the action novels of Alistair MacLean and the historical fiction of Dorothy Dunnett . A younger generation of novelists that emerged in the 1960s and 1970s included Allan Massie , Shena Mackay and Alan Spence . Working class identity continued to be explored by Archie Hind , Alan Sharp , George Friel and William McIlvanney . From the 1980s Scottish literature enjoyed another major revival , with figures including Alasdair Gray , James Kelman , Irvine Welsh , Alan Warner , Janice Galloway , A. L. Kennedy , Iain Banks , Candia McWilliam , Frank Kuppner and Andrew O'Hagan . In genre fiction Iain Banks , writing as Iain M. Banks , produced ground-breaking science fiction and Scottish crime fiction has been a major area of growth with the success of novelists including Frederic Lindsay , Quintin Jardine , Val McDermid , Denise Mina , Christopher Brookmyre , and particularly Ian Rankin and his Inspector Rebus novels . The most successful author of Scottish origins in recent years has been J. K. Rowling , author of the Harry Potter series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5bb284b663116f61b7dbb6d059d47dd9", "text": "The Rebels (miniseries) The Rebels is a 1979 American made-for-television drama film/miniseries . It is based on the historical novel , The Rebels , written by John Jakes , originally published in 1975 . It is second in a series known as The Kent Family Chronicles or the American Bicentennial Series . The story mixes fictional characters with historical events and figures , to narrate the nascent United States of America during the time of the American Revolution . While it continues the story of Philip Kent , started in The Bastard , a large portion focuses on Judson Fletcher ( Don Johnson ) , a newly introduced character , as a different rebel . In 1979 , the novel was made into this television film by Operation Prime Time.The Rebels '' was preceded by the The Bastard , first in the series , and followed by The Seekers , third in the series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "298e7e2abb9c3ac5a2efe85795916333", "text": "Wars of the Three Kingdoms The Wars of the Three Kingdoms , sometimes known as the British Civil Wars , formed an intertwined series of conflicts that took place in England , Ireland and Scotland between 1639 and 1651 . The English Civil War proper has become the best-known of these conflicts and included the execution of the kingdoms ' monarch , Charles I , by the English parliament in 1649 . The history of these wars is often extended to include the uprisings and conflicts that continued through the 1650s until the English Restoration of the monarchy with Charles II , in 1660 , and sometimes until Venner 's uprising the following year . The wars were the outcome of tensions over religious and civil issues . Religious disputes centred on whether religion was to be dictated by the monarch or the choice of the individual , with many people feeling that they ought to have freedom of religion . The related civil questions were to what extent the king 's rule was constrained by parliaments -- in particular his right to raise taxes and armed forces without consent . Furthermore , the wars also had an element of national conflict , as Ireland and Scotland rebelled against England 's primacy within the Three Kingdoms . The victory of the English Parliament -- ultimately under Oliver Cromwell -- over the king , the Irish and the Scots helped to determine the future of Great Britain and Ireland as a constitutional monarchy with political power centred on London . The wars included the Bishops ' Wars of 1639 and 1640 , the Scottish Civil War of 1644 -- 45 ; the Irish Rebellion of 1641 , Confederate Ireland , 1642 -- 49 and the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland in 1649 ( collectively the Eleven Years War or Irish Confederate Wars ) ; and the First , Second and Third English Civil Wars of 1642 -- 46 , 1648 -- 49 and 1650 -- 51 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8b7ad653155a91ab58a65f01f2974218", "text": "Solomon Richards Solomon Richards was an Irish soldier of the War of the Three Kingdoms and the Williamite War in Ireland . He is best known for his part in a failed attempt to relieve the Siege of Derry in 1689 . During the War of the Three Kingdoms , Richards served in Oliver Cromwell 's own regiment . Richards took part in the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland and was granted 3,000 acres of land in County Wexford . He was appointed Governor of Wexford town in 1659 , but following the Restoration the following year he was briefly imprisoned . He was released and allowed to keep his newly acquired lands as part of the Act of Settlement . For the following twenty-seven years he lived quietly on his Irish estate . In September 1688 , threatened with an invasion by his Dutch nephew William of Orange , the Catholic James II commissioned Richards to raise a new regiment for the English Army . As a nonconformist Protestant Richards was a slightly unusual choice to appoint to command a newly raised regiment , but James was trying to pursue a tactic of creating an alliance of Catholics and non-Anglican Protestants , both of whom had traditionally suffered restrictions due to the Penal Laws . Rather than raising his regiment in Ireland as might be expected , Richards recruited them from London and the Home Counties . Following the Glorious Revolution , Richards ' regiment was part of William III 's reformed Army . By 1689 James had gone to Ireland where his Jacobite supporters were attempting to put down a rising by the Irish Protestants , who after a defeat at Dromore had withdrawn towards their few remaining strongholds such as Derry . Richards ' regiment was part of a force under Colonel John Cunningham which sailed from Liverpool in an attempt to reinforce and rescue Derry from the advancing Jacobite Irish Army . The two regiments of reinforcements reached Lough Foyle at the same time as the Governor Robert Lundy was suffering a serious defeat at the Battle of Cladyford , leading his Irish Protestant force in an attempt to prevent the Irish under Richard Hamilton crossing the River Finn and approaching Derry . As Lundy 's poorly organised troops streamed back towards the city walls , he issued several contradictory orders to Cunningham and Richards . They were summoned to a council of war in the city , where Lundy informed them that it was pointless landing their troops as the city 's defeat and surrender were imminent . Richards and Cunningham therefore sailed for Britain without disembarking their troops as the Siege of Derry began in earnest . Once they arrived in England they were both dismissed from command of their regiments for dereliction of duty . Richards was replaced by George St George , another Irishman . As Derry was able to hold out until a second relief force under General Percy Kirke arrived , questions were raised in the English Parliament about Cunningham and Richards ' conduct . He died in 1691 . Richards had a large number of children . His son Jacob Richards became an engineer officer , also serving in Ireland ( 1689 -- 91 ) where he was wounded during the Siege of Carrickfergus . His grandson Michael Richards became Chief Engineer of Great Britain in 1711 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "abe28834a9bdeae0b0cbd4f8710b7262", "text": "Battle of Rullion Green The Battle of Rullion Green in the Pentland Hills , in Lothian , Scotland on 28 November 1666 was the culmination of the brief Pentland Rising ( 15 -- 28 November 1666 ) . At least 3000 men of the Scottish Royal Army led by Tam Dalyell of the Binns opposed about 900 Covenanter rebels . The Pentland Rising was in the context of the long-running government campaign to impose episcopalianism upon Scotland . The uprising began in St. John 's Town of Dalry , where troops were beating an elderly man who had defaulted on a fine for not attending government-approved church services . The troops were interrupted by four covenanters and then supported by the local populace , who disarmed the soldiers . Robert McClellan of Barscobe led the Rising ; he gathered some men in Dalry , led them to Balmaclellan , where after a skirmish with other troops , he raised more men . McClellan led them to Dumfries , and there they captured the local commander , General James Turner , at 5.30 in the morning , still in his nightshirt , in his lodgings on the Whitesands . McClellan , aided by Neilson of Corsock , took the gathering force up to Ayrshire , thence to Lanarkshire , and then to Colinton near Edinburgh , on their way to present their petition to the Parliament . Many deserted the group following bad weather , a poor choice of routes and the news received at Colinton that they could not expect a sympathetic reception in Edinburgh . From a peak of perhaps 3000 men the force had diminished by half at Colinton , and then further dispersed as the group headed home towards Galloway . The rebels included experienced professional soldiers as well as citizenry , and were commanded by Colonel James Wallace of Auchens . The rebel forces decided to hold a parade and review by Colonel Wallace at Rullion Green in the Pentland Hills . General Tam Dalyell of the Binns was with a force in Currie , and cut through the Pentland Hills to confront the rebels . The survivors were treated with cruelty ; 15 , including Neilson of Corsock , were hanged , drawn and quartered , and several , including two boys of 18 , were tortured first with the boot . The battlefield is currently under research to be inventoried and protected by Historic Scotland under the Scottish Historical Environment Policy of 2009 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aab01e9e04c394d55253a80008cb0222", "text": "Irish Confederate Wars The Irish Confederate Wars , also called the Eleven Years ' War ( derived from the Irish language name Cogadh na hAon Bhliana Déag ) , took place in Ireland between 1641 and 1653 . It was the Irish theatre of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms -- a series of civil wars in the kingdoms of Ireland , England and Scotland ( all ruled by Charles I ) . The conflict in Ireland essentially started by pitting the native Irish Catholics against English and Scottish Protestant colonists and their supporters , and ended with Royalists , Irish Catholics and Scottish Presbyterians fighting the ultimate winners , the English Parliament . It was both a religious and an ethnic conflict -- fought over who would govern Ireland , whether it would be governed from England , which ethnic and religious group would own most of the land , and which religion would predominate in the country . It was the most destructive conflict in Irish history .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6ac6fd3d31ebcf5f12aa40aac0e10894", "text": "Archibald Douglas, 1st Duke of Douglas Archibald Douglas , 1st Duke of Douglas ( 15 October 1694 -- 21 July 1761 ) was a Scottish nobleman . He was the second son of James Douglas , 2nd Marquess of Douglas , by his second marriage . His elder brother , William , died in infancy in 1694 , and Archibald was thereafter styled Earl of Angus . Douglas succeeded his father in 1700 , and on 10 April 1703 , was created Duke of Douglas , Marquess of Angus and Abernethy , Viscount of Jedburgh Forest , and Lord Douglas of Bonkill , Prestoun , and Robertoun . The bearer of the Crown of Scotland on state occasions , he conveyed it to Edinburgh Castle after the closing of the last Parliament of Scotland . During the Jacobite rising of 1715 , Douglas took the Hanoverian side , and led the volunteer horse at the Battle of Sheriffmuir . In maturity , Douglas grew eccentric , and perhaps insane , marrying Margaret of Mains ( a fair match by some accounts ) ; he slew Captain John Kerr ( the natural son of his uncle , Lord Mark Kerr ) at Douglas Castle , while the latter was guesting with him there , and was forced to flee for some time to Holland . His residence of Douglas Castle was plundered by Highlanders during the Rising of 1745 . He fell out with his sister , Lady Jane Douglas , when he discovered her secret marriage to John Stewart of Grantully , and treated her with great cruelty . In 1755 , Douglas Castle burned , and he hired Robert Adam to rebuild it , although the work was never finished , being halted by the Duke 's death . The Duke married Margaret Douglas , daughter of James Douglas of Mains , in 1758 , who succeeded in reconciling him with Archibald , his nephew by Lady Jane ( who had died in 1754 ) . Ultimately , the Duke was persuaded to entail his estates upon Archibald , a decision which led to the celebrated Douglas Cause upon his death , when the Duke of Hamilton ( who inherited the Marquessate of Douglas ) and his kin unsuccessfully contested Archibald 's legitimacy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "55eb434910d10c6574371e33f85a90e7", "text": "Waylander Waylander may refer to : Waylander ( band ) , a Celtic metal band from Northern Ireland Waylander ( novel ) , a fantasy novel by David Gemmell Waylander the Slayer , the protagonist in the fantasy novel by David Gemmell", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a02e6af9303df3c9a1225cd4f3d7582", "text": "Scottish Lowlands The Lowlands ( the Lallans or the Lawlands ; a ' Ghalldachd , `` the place of the foreigner '' ) are a cultural and historic region of Scotland . The Lowlands is not an official geographical or administrative area of the country . There are two main topographic regions : the Midland Valley ( or Central Lowlands ) and the Southern Uplands . The term `` Lowlands '' mainly refers to the Midland Valley . However , in normal usage it refers to those parts of Scotland not in the Highlands ( or Gàidhealtachd ) . The boundary is usually considered to be a line between Stonehaven and Helensburgh ( on the Firth of Clyde ) . The Lowlands lie south and east of the line . Note that some parts of the Lowlands ( such as the Southern Uplands ) are not physically `` low , '' Merrick for example reaching 2,766 feet , while some areas indisputably in the Highlands ( such as Islay ) are low-lying . In geological terms , the dividing line between Lowlands and Highlands is the Highland Boundary Fault . There was also a legally defined Highland Line in the post-Culloden years , part of the measures taken to suppress Gaelic culture . For other purposes , the boundary varies ; but if the Boundary Fault is used , then the traditional Scottish counties entirely in the Lowlands are : Ayrshire , Berwickshire , Clackmannanshire , Dumfriesshire , East Lothian , Fife , Kinross-shire , Kirkcudbrightshire , Lanarkshire , Mid-Lothian , Peeblesshire , Renfrewshire , Roxburghshire , Selkirkshire , West Lothian and Wigtownshire . Traditional Scottish counties which straddle the Boundary fault include Angus , Dunbartonshire , Stirlingshire , Perthshire , Kincardineshire , Aberdeenshire , Banffshire and Moray . Geographically , Scotland is divided into three distinct areas : the Highlands , the Central plain ( Central Belt ) , and the Southern Uplands . The Lowlands cover roughly the latter two . The northeast plain is also `` low-land , '' both geographically and culturally , but in some contexts may be grouped together with the Highlands . The term Lowlands is sometimes used in a more restricted sense to refer specifically to the Midland Valley . Much of this area , which has a characteristic structure of sedimentary rocks with coal deposits , lies within the basins of the Rivers Forth and Clyde . Historically , this valley has been the most agriculturally productive region of Scotland . During the 19th and early 20th centuries , coal deposits promoted concentrated industrial activity and urbanization in the Midland Valley , where 80 percent of the population of Scotland now live . While coal mining and heavy industry have declined in the region , it remains at the centre of the Scottish economy , with electronics and computer manufacture and service sectors such as telecommunications , computer software , and finance . The southernmost counties of Scotland , nearest the border with England , are also known as the Borders . They are sometimes considered separately from the rest of the Lowlands . Many ancestors of the Scotch-Irish , as they are known in the United States , or Ulster-Scots , originated from the lowlands and borders region before migrating to the Ulster Plantation in the 17th century and later the American frontier , many prior to the American Revolution . The term Scottish Lowlands is used with reference to the Scots language in contrast to the Scottish Gaelic spoken in the Highlands , Scottish history and the Scottish clan system , as well as in family history and genealogy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1f9d19f1de9cae3cacaf34d28ec6caee", "text": "Highland (council area) Highland ( A ' Ghàidhealtachd -LSB- kɛːəlˠ̪t̪əxk -RSB- ) is a council area in the Scottish Highlands and is the largest local government area in the United Kingdom . It shares borders with the council areas of Aberdeenshire , Argyll and Bute , Moray and Perth and Kinross . Their councils , and those of Angus and Stirling , also have areas of the Scottish Highlands within their administrative boundaries . The Highland area covers most of the mainland and inner-Hebridean parts of the historic counties of Inverness-shire and Ross and Cromarty , all of Caithness , Nairnshire and Sutherland and small parts of Argyll and Moray .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ca5bc7905c621d51b49692589c1c9ea3", "text": "McGhee family The McGhee family ( Scottish Gaelic : Clann Aoidh ) is an ancient lowland family of Scotland , established as Lords of Balmaghie in Galloway since the 10th century . Both the Clan Donald and the Clan Mackay claim it as a sept. . Historically , however , the Mackays are in fact an offshoot of this family rather than vice versa . Its ancient origins are uncertain , though it is believed to have been founded by an Irish chieftain in the 10th century . Its property in Kirkcudbrightshire was extended during the reign of the Stuarts . The family has always been self-consciously lowland and , almost uniquely among prominent Scottish families , remained entirely indifferent to the Clan system , as historians have noted : `` With such a variety of spellings many held lands , bore personal arms and sometimes held important positions and yet none , other than the Chief of Mackay , has been recognised in the chiefship of the kindred . '' Gilmighel Mac Ethe is first mentioned subscribing allegiance to King Edward I of England in the Ragman Rolls of 1296 . Neel McEth and Gillecryst McEth appear in another document of the same year as two of the Galloway men who , ` having aided John de Balliol late King of Scotland , in his war ... against the King of England ... confess their fault , come to his peace , and swear on the Saints to assist him against Balliol and all others ' . In 1297 , Edward thanked ` Gille Michel Mac Gethe ' and others for ` putting down evil-doers and retaking castles in their country ' . In 1304 , however , Michael Macgethe is listed as a juror at an ` Inquisition ' in Dumfries which asserted the rights of ` Robert de Brus earl of Carrick ' ( later Robert the Bruce ) against those of Edward I in Annandale . Gilbertum McGeth is given as the collector of customs in Kirkcudbright in an exchequer roll of 1331 , while in 1339 Michael Mcgeth was granted a pardon by Edward III after ` having joined his enemies in Scotland ' . Balmaghie ( ` Ballem ` gethe ' ) was erected into a free barony in 1348 and Gilbert Macge ( also M'Gy ( 1370-1426 ) ) is recorded as ` dominus de Balmage ' in 1426 . The family acquired progressively more influence and importance , especially during the reign of the Stuarts - Sir John McGhie of Balmaghie was knighted by Charles II . Having won favour with and then spurned the Stuarts at the right times , the family was prominent in Scottish and London society by the eighteenth century . However , this was lost with the sale of its estates and a severe lack of male heirs ; by the early 18th century the families of Balmaghie , Airie and Airds , and Castlehill were practically extinct . John McGhie , last of Castlehill , had six daughters , the eldest of whom had six sons who all died childless . Because this decline occurred before the romantic revival of interest in the clans , the family never acquired its own tartan . McGhees may therefore choose to show allegiance to either the MacDonalds or the Mackays in their choice of tartan . The Balmaghie Estate itself , consisting of about 4000 acre of agricultural and sporting land ( best known for its roe deer stalking ) is now owned by the Bond family . The coat of arms of the Balmaghie McGhees is given as `` sable , three leopards ' heads erased argent . '' Its motto is `` Quae Sursum Volo '' ( `` I desire heavenly things '' ) . Early records of the arms show some variation , however : Ceulx de Maligny - Azure , three lions ' faces or . ~ Armorial de Berry , 1440s Maogee of Balmagy - Sable , three human faces Argent tongues extended Gules . ~ Slains Armorial , 1565 Macgie of Balmagie - Sable , three leopards ' heads erased affronte argent , langued gules . ~ Hague Roll , 1590s Mcgie - Sable , three Leopard heads erased Argent . ~ Sir George Mackenzie 's The Science of Herauldrie , 1680 MacGie - Sable , three leopards ' heads Argent . ~ Nisbet 's A System of Heraldry , 1722 MacGie of Balmaghie - Sable , three leopards ' heads Or . ~ Nisbet 's A System of Heraldry , 1722 Magee -LSB- Ireland -RSB- - Crest , a lion , sejant , collared . ~ Robson 's The British Herald , 1830 Macgee - Gules , three martlets Or . ~ Robson 's The British Herald , 1830 McGee , or McGhee -LSB- West India -RSB- - Sable , a fesse between three leopards ' faces Argent . Motto , `` Fac et Spera '' . ~ Robson 's The British Herald , 1830 MacGhie -LSB- Balmagie , Scotland -RSB- - Sable , three leopards ' heads Or . ( Another , Argent ) . ~ Robson 's The British Herald , 1830 McGhie -LSB- England -RSB- - Sable , a fesse between three leopards ' faces Argent . Crest : an ostrich Argent , in the beak a horse-shoe Azure . ~ Robson 's '' The British Herald ' , 1830 MacGie - Azure , three leopards ' heads erased , Argent . ~ Robson 's The British Herald , 1830 McGie - Sable , a mullet arranged between three leopards ' heads , erased guardant Or . Crest : a leopard 's head , erased guardant Or , ducally gorged Gules . ~ Robson 's The British Herald , 1830 The other prominent Galloway branches of the family were those of Airds and Castlehill . The name was also commonly interchangeable with Mackie and Mackay in Wigtownshire and Kintyre , and a branch of the family controlled the Rhinns of Islay for several centuries . Alexander M'Ghie inherited the Lairdship of Atrochie in Aberdeenshire from his father Hugo . McGhee and its variants ( e.g. McGee , McGie , McGhie , Magee , M'Gie etc. ) is also a common surname in Ireland . Persons bearing this name are almost certainly inter-related , given the volume of migration across the Irish Sea , in both directions , particularly during the Galloglass and Plantation years . While both Catholic and Protestant McGhees can be found , the Balmaghie family were Presbyterian and the family 's most notable churchmen were low Anglicans , as in the case of Archbishop Magee of Dublin and Archbishop Magee of York . The Revd Nathaniel McKie , a younger son of Balmaghie , was an eccentric and witty minister of Crossmichael who wrote the humorous self-parodying song `` Nae dominies for me , laddie , '' about a young minister spurned by a young lady for a man with finer livery . A prominent exception is the current Bishop of Cloyne , a Traditionalist Catholic who was falsely accused of murdering Pope John Paul I. Odo MacIdh was Canon of Argyll in 1433 . The only peer with the surname is The Hon. Lord McGhie , Chairman of the Scottish Land Court and President of the Lands Tribunal for Scotland . Knights with this name include Sir John McGhie of Balmaghie ( knighted by Charles II ) , and Sir Ian Magee ( knighted by Elizabeth II ) . Robert Makgye was Court Jester to James II from 1441-50 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "42edafb91d0d6bf41db9f8d91a17212c", "text": "Kingdom of Great Britain The United Kingdom of Great Britain , officially Great Britain , was a sovereign state in western Europe from 1 May 1707 to 31 December 1800 . The state came into being following the Treaty of Union in 1706 , ratified by the Acts of Union 1707 , which united the kingdoms of England and Scotland to form a single kingdom encompassing the whole island of Great Britain and its outlying islands . It did not include Ireland , which remained a separate realm . The unitary state was governed by a single parliament and government that was based in Westminster . The former kingdoms had been in personal union since James VI , King of Scots , became King of England and King of Ireland in 1603 following the death of Queen Elizabeth I , bringing about a `` Union of the Crowns '' . Also after the accession of George I to the throne of Great Britain in 1714 , the kingdom was in a personal union with the Electorate of Hanover . The early years of the unified kingdom were marked by Jacobite risings which ended in defeat for the Stuart cause at Culloden in 1746 . Later on in 1763 , victory in the Seven Years ' War led to the dominance of the British Empire , which was to become the foremost global power for over a century and later grew to become the largest empire in history . On 1 January 1801 , the kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland were merged to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland . In 1922 , five-sixths of Ireland seceded from the United Kingdom and the state was renamed the `` United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland '' -- a title it has retained to date .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dd4cef36bae942fb9da6261a738e89a6", "text": "Earl of Rothes Earl of Rothes ( pronounced `` Roth-is '' ) is a title in the Peerage of Scotland . It was created in 1458 for George Leslie , 1st Lord Leslie . He had already been created Lord Leslie in 1445 , also in the Peerage of Scotland . His grandson , the third Earl , having only succeeded his elder brother in March 1513 , was killed at the Battle of Flodden on 9 September of the same year . His son , the fourth Earl , served as an Extraordinary Lord of Session . Lord Rothes was also tried for the murder of Cardinal Beaton but was acquitted . His great-great-grandson , the seventh Earl , was a prominent statesman . He was notably Lord High Treasurer of Scotland from 1663 to 1667 and Lord Chancellor of Scotland from 1667 to 1681 . In 1663 he obtained a new charter conferring the earldom of Rothes and lordship of Leslie ( which was regranted as Lord Leslie and Ballenbreich ) , in default of male issue of his own , on his eldest daughter Margaret , wife of Charles Hamilton , 5th Earl of Haddington , and her descendants male and female . It was stipulated in the charter that the earldoms of Rothes and Haddington should never be allowed to merge . In 1680 Lord Rothes was further honoured when he was made Lord Auchmotie and Caskieberry , Viscount of Lugtoun , Earl of Leslie , Marquess of Bambreich and Duke of Rothes , with normal remainder to the heirs male of his body . These titles were also in the Peerage of Scotland . The Duke had no sons and on his death in 1681 the creations of 1680 became extinct . He was succeeded in the earldom of Rothes and the lordship of Leslie and Ballinbreich according to the charter of 1663 by his daughter Margaret , the eighth holder . Her husband Lord Haddington was succeeded by their second son Thomas ( see the Earl of Haddington for more information on this title ) while Margaret was succeeded by their eldest son John , the ninth Earl . He assumed the additional surname of Leslie and sat in the British House of Lords as a Scottish Representative Peer between 1708 and 1710 . His son , the tenth Earl , was a Lieutenant-General in the Army and notably served as Commander-in-Chief of the Forces in Ireland . From 1723 to 1734 and from 1747 to 1767 he was a Scottish Representative Peer in the House of Lords . His son , the eleventh Earl , died unmarried at an early age and was succeeded by his eldest sister Jane Elizabeth , the twelfth holder of the titles . She was the wife of George Raymond Evelyn . Their son , the thirteenth Earl , served as a Scottish Representative Peer from 1812 to 1817 . Lord Rothes assumed the surname of Leslie in lieu of Evelyn . He was succeeded by his daughter Henrietta Anne , the fourteenth holder . She was the wife of George Gwyther who along with his wife assumed the surname of Leslie . Their grandson , the sixteenth Earl ( who succeeded his father ) died unmarried at a young age and was succeeded by his sister Henrietta , the seventeenth holder . She was wife of the Hon. George Waldegrave , younger son of William Waldegrave , 8th Earl Waldegrave . They had no children and Henrietta was succeeded by her aunt Mary Elizabeth , the eighteenth holder . She was the second daughter of Henrietta Anne , the fourteenth holder , and the wife of Captain Martin Edward Haworth , who in 1886 assumed for himself and his family by Royal licence the additional surname of Leslie . Their grandson , the nineteenth Earl , sat in the House of Lords as a Scottish Representative Peer between 1906 and 1923 . The wife of the 19th Earl , Lucy Noël Martha Leslie , Countess of Rothes , is best known as a survivor of the sinking of RMS Titanic in 1912 . His son , the twentieth Earl , was a Scottish Representative Peer from 1931 to 1959 . the titles are held by his grandson , the twenty-second Earl , who succeeded his father in 2005 . The courtesy title used by an heir apparent to the earldom is Lord Leslie . The family seat is Littlecroft , near West Milton , Dorset .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "727345278309a73012f2a75ba6c093c6", "text": "Highlander (film) Highlander is a 1986 British-American adventure action fantasy film directed by Russell Mulcahy and based on a story by Gregory Widen . It stars Christopher Lambert , Sean Connery , Clancy Brown , and Roxanne Hart . The film narrates the climax of an ages-old battle between immortal warriors , depicted through interwoven past and present-day storylines . Christopher Lambert plays swordsman Connor MacLeod from Scottish Highlands , known as the Highlander , one of a number of immortal warriors , who can only be killed by decapitation . After initial training by another highly skilled immortal swordsman , Ramirez ( Sean Connery ) , MacLeod lives on for several centuries , eventually settling in New York City , managing an antiques shop . In 1985 , he falls in love with a policewoman named Brenda and finds out that he must face his biggest enemy , Clancy Brown 's Kurgan , who wishes to kill MacLeod and to obtain `` the Prize '' -- a special ability which is given to the last living immortal warrior , vast knowledge and the ability to enslave the entire human race . Highlander enjoyed little success on its initial theatrical release , grossing over $ 12 million worldwide against a production budget of $ 19 million , and received mixed reviews . Nevertheless , it became a cult film and launched Lambert to stardom . The film inspired a franchise which included film sequels and television spin-offs . Its tagline , `` There can be only one '' , has carried on throughout the franchise , as have the songs provided for the film by the rock band Queen .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "be2e1e64ae5c245cafc39ad7f233ebdb", "text": "Skirmish of Alness The Skirmish of Alness was a conflict that took place in October 1715 in Alness , in the county of Ross in the Scottish Highlands . It was part of the Jacobite rising of 1715 and pitted Highlanders loyal to the British-Hanoverian Government of George I of Great Britain against Highlanders loyal to the Jacobite House of Stuart .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8ade93957ed509fb76375a7c361b35fd", "text": "Napoleon (2007 film) Napoleon ( also known as Heroes & Villains : Napoleon ) is a 2007 United Kingdom television film first broadcast on BBC One on 12 November 2007 . It tells the story of Napoleon 's part in the Siege of Toulon in 1793 . It was filmed on Malta and Gozo from November 2006 to April 2007 . The Beethoven-influenced musical score took a seventy piece orchestra and was not completed until mid-2007 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a66ff186c17a67d9a5975b6a9251eb2f", "text": "Rise to Rebellion Rise to Rebellion is a 2001 historical fiction book by Jeff Shaara that tells the story of the events leading up to the American Revolution . The book spans from the Boston Massacre to the signing of the Declaration of Independence in 1776 . The events of the American Revolution are portrayed through the perspectives of multiple characters , including Sentry Hugh White of the British army , John Adams , Benjamin Franklin , Lieutenant-General Thomas Gage , George Washington , Governor Thomas Hutchinson , Captain James Hall , Abigail Adams , Paul Revere , Dr. Joseph Warren , and Major John Pitcairn . Rise to Rebellion is the first of a two-part series on the American Revolution , modeled after Jeff and Michael Shaara 's Civil War trilogy . It is followed by The Glorious Cause .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fce39bf47b983f719d3f68493ec265fe", "text": "Restoration (Scotland) The Restoration was the return of the monarchy to Scotland in 1660 after the period of the Commonwealth , and the subsequent three decades of Scottish history until the Revolution and Convention of Estates of 1689 . It was part of a wider Restoration in the British Isles that included the return of the Stuart dynasty to the thrones of England and Ireland in the person of Charles II . As military commander of the Commonwealth 's largest armed force , George Monck , governor-general in Scotland , was instrumental in the restoration of Charles II , who was proclaimed king in Edinburgh on 14 May 1660 . There was a general pardon for offences during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms , but four individuals were excepted and executed . Under the eventual political settlement Scotland regained its independent system of law , parliament and kirk , but also regained the Lords of the Articles and bishops , and it now had a king who did not visit the country and ruled largely without reference to Parliament through a series of commissioners . These began with the Earl of Middleton and ended with the King 's brother and heir , James , Duke of York . The restoration of the Scottish Episcopacy led to a series of conflicts between Presbyterians and the Bishops of the Episcopalian establishment , culminating in the persecution of The Killing Time . Charles died in 1685 and his brother the Duke of York succeeded him as James VII of Scotland and II of England . He survived attempted rebellions , but alienated much of the political nation by his Catholicism and policies . When William of Orange of the Netherlands , James ' Protestant son-in-law , invaded England in 1688 , James fled and William and his wife took over the throne as William II and Mary II . William called a Scottish Convention , which was dominated by the Presbyterians . It offered William and Mary the crown , and after the defeat of James ' supporters the bishops were abolished and a Presbyterian system reinstated in the kirk . The economic conditions of the period were generally favourable , although the restoration of Scottish independence reinstated the economic border with England and English tariffs . The restoration of the monarchy also saw the restoration of the nobility to political power , although they may have exercised their power with more caution . It also saw the rise of the lairds , who continued to gain new local political powers . There was an attempt to restore the theatre to Scotland , which had suffered from the lack of a court and the hostility of the kirk . The Restoration saw the introduction of a style of country house among the Scottish nobility that encouraged a move towards a more leisure-oriented architecture . As in England , sculpture was dominated by foreign professionals . Scotland produced some notable artists and was also visited by many important continental artists . The period between 1679 and 1689 saw the foundation of many institutions that would be important in Scottish cultural and intellectual life .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a1f91fce9d7235bfd239f6dd66fada8a", "text": "House of Dunkeld The House of Dunkeld , in Scottish Gaelic Dùn Chailleann ( meaning Fort of the Caledonii or of the Caledonians ) , is a historiographical and genealogical construct to illustrate the clear succession of Scottish kings from 1034 to 1040 and from 1058 to 1290 . The line is also variously referred to by historians as `` The Canmores '' , and `` MacMalcolm '' . It is dynastically sort of a continuation to Cenél nGabráin of Dál Riata , `` race of Fergus '' , as `` house '' an originally Celtic concept to express one of the two rivalling leader clans of early medieval Scotland , whose founding father is king Fergus Mor of Dalriada . This Ferguside royal clan had rivalled the crown ( of Dalriada , then that of Alba ) against the Cenél Loairn , the later House of Moray for the preceding four or more centuries . The Cenél nGabráin were represented by the so-called House of Alpin before Dunkeld . Sir Iain Moncreiffe made the case that Crínán of Dunkeld actually belonged to a Scottish sept of Irish Cenél Conaill royal dynasty , a branch of the Uí Néill . This of course would not exclude his descendants from also being a ( female line ) continuation of the Cenél nGabráin through Bethóc . Genealogically the Dunkeld dynasty is based on Duncan I of Scotland being of a different agnatic clan to his predecessor and maternal grandfather Malcolm II of Scotland . However , sociohistorically , the reign of Duncan 's son Malcolm III of Scotland , which happens to coincide with the start of the centuries-long period of strong influence from the southern neighbour , the Kingdom of England , has been seen as a more important place to start .", "title": "" } ]	fever
13e4eded3dffc411b6fba906c65b6ea5	Naomi Scott starred in a 2011 film.	[ { "docid": "c651326c996f43cdafe371ab8ab4378f", "text": "Lemonade Mouth (film) Lemonade Mouth is a 2011 teen musical film based on the novel of the same name by Mark Peter Hughes . The film was directed by Patricia Riggen and written by April Blair , and stars Bridgit Mendler , Adam Hicks , Hayley Kiyoko , Naomi Scott and Blake Michael . The Disney Channel Original Movie tells the story of five high school students who meet in detention and form a band to stand up for their beliefs and to overcome their individual and collective struggles . It premiered on April 15 , 2011 on the Disney Channel . It has been met with generally positive reviews , with some praising it for its many positive themes of honesty , integrity , and self-expression , and for its emphasis on the importance of the arts and of family and friendship . Other reviews have described it as a `` typically innocuous Disney channel flick '' . The soundtrack was released on April 12 , 2011 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2d56202cd3f52b53a38707b4dc95d721", "text": "Naomi Scott Naomi Grace Scott ( born 6 May 1993 ) is an English actress and singer . She is known for starring as Kimberly Hart , the Pink Ranger , in the 2017 Power Rangers movie and co-starring as Maddy Shannon in the science-fiction drama series Terra Nova . Scott also starred as Mohini `` Mo '' Banjaree in the Disney Channel original movie Lemonade Mouth , and as Megan in TV series Life Bites .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "df4c8b264137444185d4a841481e9c49", "text": "List of Pakistani films of 2011", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5196980ac98f44dd165f043acd3915c", "text": "All Your Dead Ones All Your Dead Ones ( Todos tus muertos ) is a 2011 Colombian drama film directed by Carlos Moreno . The film won an award for cinematography at the 2011 Sundance Film Festival .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9a4b8fdd0141ee7fe64ca4d67234cc5d", "text": "The Year of the Tiger The Year of the Tiger ( El año del tigre ) is a 2011 Chilean drama film directed by Sebastián Lelio about a prison inmate trying to find his family after the 2010 Chile earthquake .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9cb6dd073e48ef978677c05a96618cfd", "text": "Burning Man (film) Burning Man is a 2011 Australian drama film written and directed by Jonathan Teplitzky .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "97756cd69b07154a9bd0203e1d29fa44", "text": "Cut (2011 film) Cut is a 2011 Japanese drama film directed by Amir Naderi , starring Hidetoshi Nishijima and Takako Tokiwa .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ec62f0dbd7d827eda82ce5a6eaa99e5d", "text": "Blue Crush 2 Blue Crush 2 is a 2011 direct-to-video film directed by Mike Elliott , and stars Sasha Jackson , Elizabeth Mathis , Ben Milliken , Chris Fisher , Gideon Emery and Sharni Vinson.It is not a sequel to the 2002 film Blue Crush . Film reviews were generally negative .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7e7f297cbaa0d2609bc0b863c3346371", "text": "Men Suddenly in Love Men Suddenly in Love is a 2011 Hong Kong romantic comedy film produced by , written by and directed by Wong Jing . Film stars Eric Tsang , Chapman To , Jim Chim , Wong Jing and Tat Dik .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aad909f3452d31474916943785a2469e", "text": "Winners (film) Winners is a 2011 documentary film .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c68d7392fd4ae9e8a43b04d9e6dc7842", "text": "Born Bad Born Bad is a 2011 American crime thriller film written and directed by Jared Cohn . The film stars Michael Welch , Bonnie Dennison , Meredith Monroe , and David Chokachi . The film is considered by some to be a recollection of the 1996 movie Fear - one in which Welch has the Mark Wahlberg role and Dennison is in Reese Witherspoon 's .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4f85636a83bd2bab9bdf357e4c95a8b1", "text": "The Perfect Student The Perfect Student is a 2011 American thriller movie directed by Michael Feifer and starring Natasha Henstridge , Josie Davis , Brea Grant , and Jay Pickett . It was premiered on TV in France on March 14 , 2011 , and released on DVD on January 17 , 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8ad808d22eadaec9b22f400596e8d51d", "text": "Beauty (2011 film) Beauty ( Skoonheid ) is a 2011 South African film directed by Oliver Hermanus . It premiered in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2011 Cannes Film Festival . The film was selected as the South African entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 84th Academy Awards , but it did not make the final shortlist .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "82073e0c36880eae78becb227efa692b", "text": "Vampire (2011 film) Vampire is a 2011 dramatic horror-thriller film that was directed and written by Shunji Iwai . It was first released on January 22 , 2011 at the Sundance Film Festival and is the first film he has directed in English . The movie stars Kevin Zegers as a teacher who believes himself to be a blood-drinking vampire .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a901f045c2ad1b7312f956890f25d018", "text": "My Own Swordsman My Own Swordsman is a 2011 Chinese period action comedy film directed by Jing Shang . The film was released on January 26 , 2011 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "62d41f1470c5f3700d029d0ba62c5e93", "text": "The Undying The Undying is a 2011 American supernatural romantic thriller written by David M. Flynn and Steven Peros and directed by Steven Peros . The film stars Robin Weigert , Anthony Carrigan , Wes Studi , Jay O. Sanders , and Sybil Temtchine .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "525076dabf52ad7cfdd808bc2720b79e", "text": "Wuthering Heights (2011 film) Wuthering Heights is a 2011 British romantic gothic , period drama film directed by Andrea Arnold and starring Kaya Scodelario as Catherine and James Howson as Heathcliff . The screenplay , written by Andrea Arnold and Olivia Hetreed , is based on Emily Brontë 's 1847 Wuthering Heights .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ecf4ed1f812ac69635f0b268c6ccba27", "text": "Demons Never Die Demons Never Die ( originally titled Suicide Kids ) is a British 2011 slasher film starring Robert Sheehan , Jennie Jacques , Jacob Anderson , Jason Maza , Emma Rigby . Ashley Walters , Reggie Yates and Tulisa Contostavlos .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ce3735295738f8c7969f95cb5d277ce4", "text": "Finding Me: Truth Finding Me : Truth is a 2011 drama film by director Roger S. Omeus Jr. and a sequel to the 2009 Finding Me .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9fe4ab0fe6450f4d52e7f99639c825f0", "text": "Take Me Home (2011 film) Take Me Home is a 2011 American romantic comedy film directed by and starring Sam Jaeger . The film also stars his wife Amber Jaeger , Lin Shaye , and Victor Garber . It premiered on April 19 , 2011 at the Nashville Film Festival . Take Me Home was released to DVD on May 29 , 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c9d1ac7075b326713516a24b5e944c88", "text": "Salmon Fishing in the Yemen Salmon Fishing in the Yemen is a 2011 British romantic comedy-drama film directed by Lasse Hallström and starring Ewan McGregor , Emily Blunt , Kristin Scott Thomas and Amr Waked . Based on the 2007 novel of the same name by Paul Torday , and a screenplay by Simon Beaufoy , the film is about a fisheries expert who is recruited by a consultant to help realize a sheikh 's vision of bringing the sport of fly fishing to the Yemen desert , initiating an upstream journey of faith to make the impossible possible . The film was shot on location in London , Scotland , and Morocco from August to October 2010 . The film premiered at the 2011 Toronto International Film Festival . The film received generally positive reviews upon its release , and earned $ 34,564,651 in revenue worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b76b77981267bd067c4fbe7c969fb437", "text": "America (2011 film) America is a 2011 Puerto Rican drama film directed by Sonia Fritz . The film was selected as the Puerto Rican entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 84th Academy Awards , but was disqualified because of a rule change .", "title": "" } ]	fever
9732466a209f7663f64d208973f03f01	Mukesh Ambani is on the 2016 Forbes list of the world's most powerful people, at number 38.	[ { "docid": "190ed3e1e3ed01eee9715633c77b8f62", "text": "Mukesh Ambani Mukesh Dhirubhai Ambani ( born 19 April 1957 ) is an Indian business magnate who is the chairman , managing director and largest shareholder of Reliance Industries Limited ( RIL ) , a Fortune Global 500 company and India 's second-most valuable company by market value . He holds a 44.7 % stake in the company . RIL deals mainly in refining , petrochemicals , and in the oil and gas sectors . Reliance Retail Ltd. , another subsidiary , is the largest retailer in India . He is the elder son of the late Dhirubhai Ambani and Kokilaben Ambani and the brother of Anil Ambani . In 2016 , he was ranked 38 , and is the only Indian businessman , on Forbes list of the world 's most powerful people . , Ambani has consistently held the title of India 's richest person on the magazine 's list for ten years . Through Reliance , he also owns the Indian Premier League franchise Mumbai Indians . In 2012 , Forbes named him one of the richest sports owners in the world . He resides at the Antilia Building , one of the world 's most expensive private residences . Its value is close to 1 billion dollars . , Ambani ranked fifth among India 's philanthropists , according to China 's Hurun Research Institute . He has served on the board of directors of Bank of America and the international advisory board of the Council on Foreign Relations . He was the chairman of the board of Indian Institute of Management Bangalore , which is one of the leading business schools in India .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "399c0511c001acd9e083df5aa9abc4c8", "text": "Social movement in India From the early 1970s new forms of social mobilisation began in India . They gained a variety of names such as social movement , people 's movement , popular movements etc. . These movements emerged and highlighted some of the major issues such as gender and environment . One of the leading analyst and participant in social movements in India , Sanjay Sangvi , identified the major agendas of them as `` Movements of landless , unorganised labour in rural and urban areas , adivasis , dalits , displaced people , peasants , urban poor , small entrepreneurs and unemployed youth took up the issues of livelihood , opportunities , dignity and development . '' Most well known movements in the country are Chipko movement , Save Silent Valley , Narmada Bachao Andolan , Koel Karo , Chhattisgarh Mukti Morcha , Jhola Aandolan chutmarika ( fighting polythene ) , Appiko movement , Save Kudremukh , Lok Satta Movement , Swadhyay Movement , Swatantra Sharad Joshi , Karnataka Rajya Raitha Sangha These movements largely distanced themselves from political parties , or tried to cut across the ideologies of the political parties . Yet many of them rooted themselves or drew from ideologies of the Mahatma Gandhi , various shades environmentalisms or gender politics , or socialism . The most recent of social movements is ` Campaign against corruption ' , April 2011 , led by a group of social activists - Anna Hazare , Arvind Kejriwal , Kiran Bedi , a Gandhian sits on , Sri Ram Burgula the heart of New Delhi , capital of India , for fast unto death , demanding enactment of the long pending Jan Lokpal Bill . This movement got support of general masses and media . This created a buzz when political leaders were denied sharing of dias with the social activists . This movement is a landmark in the constitutional history of independent India , which has forced government to include 5 non-official members in the Sri Ram Burgula Bill Drafting committee . Usually , only ministers are members of any legislation drafting committees . While enactment of the law and action by Sri Ram Burgula and Sri Ram Burgula ( ombudsmen ) will take some more time to be on actual ground , this movement has certainly made corruption a major social issue in India . Some of the popular leaders of such movements are Sunderlal Bahuguna , Medha Patkar , Baba Amte , Vandana Shiva , Vijaypal Baghel , etc. .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c4e0345313926b3ba2a12f350834c7ed", "text": "Azim Premji Azim Hashim Premji ( born 24 July 1945 ) is an Indian business tycoon , investor , and philanthropist , who is the chairman of Wipro Limited . He is informally known as the Czar of the Indian IT Industry . He was responsible for guiding Wipro through four decades of diversification and growth to finally emerge as one of the global leaders in the software industry . In 2010 , he was voted among the 20 most powerful men in the world by Asiaweek . He has twice been listed among the 100 most influential people by TIME Magazine , once in 2004 and more recently in 2011 . Premji owns 73 % percent of Wipro and also owns a private equity fund , PremjiInvest , which manages his $ 2 billion worth of personal portfolio . He is currently the second richest person in india with an estimated net worth of US$ 16.1 billion as of April 2017 . In 2013 , he agreed to give away at least half of his wealth by signing The Giving Pledge . Premji started with a $ 2.2 billion donation to the Azim Premji Foundation , focused on education in India .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9412026a92fc45918c8d9af3f8c3c2ac", "text": "List of wealthiest charitable foundations This is a list of wealthiest charitable foundations worldwide . It consists of the 36 largest charitable foundations , private foundations engaged in philanthropy , and other charitable organizations . Only nonprofit foundations are included in this list . Organisations that are part of a larger company are excluded , such as holding companies . The entries are ordered by the size of the organisation 's financial endowment ( that is , the value of assets net of liabilities , or invested donations ) . The endowment value is an estimate measured in United States dollars , based on the exchange rates on December 31 , 2016 . Due to fluctuations in holdings , currency exchange and asset values , this list only represents the valuation of each foundation on a single day .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8ec8013b019a7274d2aa14a84e522757", "text": "List of largest Chinese companies This article lists the largest companies in China in terms of their revenue , net profit and total assets , according to the American business magazines Fortune and Forbes . In 2014 , Fortune '' 's Global 500 list of the world 's largest corporations included 95 Chinese companies , with combined revenues of US$ 5.8 trillion . That same year , Forbes '' reported that five of the world 's ten largest public companies were Chinese , including the world 's largest bank by total assets , the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China . Many of China 's largest companies are state-owned enterprises , due to the significant presence of the governing Chinese Communist Party in the national economy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5d8a5cb26f1077d89e239eaa593b9774", "text": "Pollution of the Ganges Pollution of the Ganges ( or Ganga ) , the largest river in India , poses significant threats to human health and the larger environment . Severely polluted with human waste and industrial contaminants , the river provides water to about 40 % of India 's population across 11 states , serving an estimated population of 500 million people or more , more than any other river in the world . Today , Ganges is considered to be the fifth most polluted river in the world . Raghubir Singh has noted that no one in India spoke of the Ganges as polluted until the late 1970s . However , pollution has been an old and continuous process in the river as by the time people were finally speaking of the Ganges as polluted , stretches of over six hundred kilometers were essentially ecologically dead zones . A number of initiatives have been undertaken to clean the river but failed to deliver desired results . After getting elected , India 's Prime minister Narendra Modi affirmed to work in cleaning the river and controlling pollution . Subsequently , the Namami Ganga project was announced by the government in the July 2014 budget . An estimated Rs 2,958 Crores have been spent till July 2016 in various efforts in cleaning up of the river .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f6738ec9f6284b95d903bec427311a89", "text": "M. Sayeedur Rahman Khan M. Rahman Khan ( born October 6 , 1946 ) is a prominent academic and diplomat from Bangladesh . He is a former vice-chancellor of University of Rajshahi and former High Commissioner of Bangladesh in the UK .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d04e43409600a1f942eb4f15a3d92dba", "text": "2016 Indian banknote demonetisation On 8 November 2016 , the Government of India announced the demonetisation of all and banknotes of the Mahatma Gandhi Series . The government claimed that the action would curtail the shadow economy and crack down on the use of illicit and counterfeit cash to fund illegal activity and terrorism . The sudden nature of the announcement -- and the prolonged cash shortages in the weeks that followed -- created significant disruption throughout the economy , threatening economic output . The move was heavily criticised as poorly planned and unfair , and was met with protests , litigation , and strikes . Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi announced the demonetisation in an unscheduled live televised address at 20:00 Indian Standard Time ( IST ) on 8 November . In the announcement , Modi declared that use of all 500 and 1000 banknotes of the Mahatma Gandhi Series would be invalid past midnight , and announced the issuance of new 500 and 2000 banknotes of the Mahatma Gandhi New Series in exchange for the old banknotes . The BSE SENSEX and NIFTY 50 stock indices fell over 6 percent on the day after the announcement . In the days following the demonetisation , the country faced severe cash shortages with severe detrimental effects across the economy . People seeking to exchange their bank notes had to stand in lengthy queues , and several deaths were linked due to the rush to exchange cash . Initially , the move received support from several bankers as well as from some international commentators . It was heavily criticised by members of the opposition parties , leading to debates in both houses of parliament and triggering organised protests against the government in several places across India . The move is considered to have reduced the country 's GDP and industrial production . As the cash shortages grew in the weeks following the move , the demonetisation was heavily criticised by prominent economists and by world media .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f8146a9e7fd4aca78a0b74d3fe10ffed", "text": "American upper class The American upper class is a social group consisting of the people who have the highest social rank and who are usually rich . People of this social class are socioeconomically distinguishable from other classes by its greater influence , power , and wealth . The American upper class is composed of members born into this class , called members of Old money ; as well as those who have acquired their wealth and influence within their own generation , called the Nouveau riche . In a CNBC Millionaire Survey it can be observed that a majority of millionaires polled , representing the wealthiest 10 percent of Americans , described themselves as middle class ( 44 % ) or upper middle class ( 40 % ) . `` The study of attitudes is reasonably easy -LSB- ... -RSB- it 's concluded that for roughly 70 % of the population -- the lower 70 % on the wealth/income scale -- they have no influence on policy whatsoever . They 're effectively disenfranchised . As you move up the wealth/income ladder , you get a little bit more influence on policy . When you get to the top , which is maybe a tenth of one percent , people essentially get what they want , i.e. they determine the policy . So the proper term for that is not democracy ; it 's plutocracy . '' -- Noam Chomsky . Many Politicians , heirs to fortunes , top business executives , CEOs , successful venture capitalists , those born into high society , and some celebrities may be considered members of this class . Some prominent and high-rung professionals may also be included if they attain great influence and wealth . The main distinguishing feature of this class , which is estimated to constitute roughly 1 % of the population , is the source of income . While the vast majority of people and households derive their income from wages or salaries , those in the upper class derive their income from investments and capital gains . Estimates for the size of this group commonly vary from 1 % to 2 % , while some surveys have indicated that as many as 6 % of Americans identify as `` upper class . '' Sociologist Leonard Beeghley sees wealth as the only significant distinguishing feature of this class and , therefore , refers to this group simply as `` the rich . '' Sociologists such as W. Lloyd Warner , William Thompson and Joseph Hickey recognize prestige differences between members of the upper class . Established families , prominent professionals and politicians may be deemed to have more prestige than some entertainment celebrities who in turn may have more prestige than the members of local elites . Yet , contemporary sociologists argue that all members of the upper class share such great wealth , influence and assets as their main source of income as to be recognized as members of the same social class . As great financial fortune is the main distinguishing feature of this class , sociologist Leonard Beeghley at the University of Florida identifies all `` rich '' households , those with incomes in the top 1 % or so , as upper class . In 1998 , Bob Herbert of The New York Times referred to modern American plutocrats as `` The Donor Class '' ( list of top donors ) and defined the class , for the first time , as `` a tiny group -- just one-quarter of 1 percent of the population -- and it is not representative of the rest of the nation . But its money buys plenty of access . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7d33a014ae8cc07068b6bce423ec21a7", "text": "Modi Group The Modi Group ( consisting Godfrey Phillips India , Indofil Industries Ltd. , Modicare Limited ) is an Indian Business conglomerate based in New Delhi , India . It is a US $ 2.8 billion organization headed by Krishan Kumar Modi . The group has diversified business portfolio of making cigarettes , tea & beverages , entertainment , consumer products , multi-level marketing , chemicals , tertiary education and gourmet restaurants . In April 2010 , Krishan Kumar Modi , Chairman of Modi Group announced the succession plan for his business empire , quoting to Media about his business to be shared equally among his three children which at present is run by K K Modi Family Trust , of which he is the Managing Trustee . In June 2011 , The Modi Group announced that it was planning to acquire majority control in Godfrey Phillips India from Philip Morris , the American Tobacco Manufacturer . Both group had a 36 % share in the company until in 2009 , Modi Group acquired an additional 10.8 % stake in GPI from Philip Morris for US $ 27 million , taking its share to 47 % . As per the Joint Venture agreement , Modi Group has the right to take its holdings up to 51 % by buying further into Philip Morris ' holdings to gain majority control of the company . The deal brought Philip Morris ' stake down to 21 % .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d74eed5651fec4ae710734daab774fde", "text": "Cabinet of Pakistan The Cabinet of Pakistan is composed and consisted of the most senior and elected officers of the executive branch of the Government of Pakistan . All cabinet secretariats are directed and perform their government administrative operations by people-elected statesmen and officers who are generally designated as `` Ministers '' of their cabinet secretariats . The existence of the Cabinet dates back to first Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan who appointed the first cabinet of numbers of civil servants and statesmen to assist to advise him and to assist him in carrying out his government duties . The Cabinet federally directs its operations under the powers granted by the Constitution , which is constitutionally established under the Article 81D of the Constitution that granted the existence of the Cabinet . All Cabinet members are nominated and appointed by people-elected Prime minister , and are sworn with the Prime Minister , by the President to begin their duties and secretariat operations . The Prime Minister directs the government and oversees the government operations and duties of secretariat , with numbers of state ministers and advisers to provide and assist him . The Prime Minister plays an influential role in running the government , which means the Prime minister may dismiss them or reappoint them ( to other posts ) at will . In June 2013 , a new cabinet was announced by the Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif ; all cabinet officials are from the Pakistan Muslim League ( N ) ( PMLN ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fc82aebf0be8086a879c8cf6ed13ca6d", "text": "South Asia South Asia or Southern Asia is a term used to represent the southern region of the Asian continent , which comprises the sub-Himalayan SAARC countries and , for some authorities , adjoining countries to the west and east . Topographically , it is dominated by the Indian Plate , which rises above sea level as Nepal and northern parts of India situated south of the Himalayas and the Hindu Kush . South Asia is bounded on the south by the Indian Ocean and on land ( clockwise , from west ) by West Asia , Central Asia , East Asia , and Southeast Asia . The current territories of Afghanistan , Bangladesh , Bhutan , Maldives , Nepal , India , Pakistan , and Sri Lanka form the countries of South Asia . The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation ( SAARC ) is an economic cooperation organisation in the region which was established in 1985 and includes all eight nations comprising South Asia . South Asia covers about 5.1 million km2 ( 1.9 million mi2 ) , which is 11.51 % of the Asian continent or 3.4 % of the world 's land surface area . The population of South Asia is about 1.749 billion or about one fourth of the world 's population , making it both the most populous and the most densely populated geographical region in the world . Overall , it accounts for about 39.49 % of Asia 's population ( or over 24 % of the world 's population ) and is home to a vast array of peoples . In 2010 , South Asia had the world 's largest population of Hindus , Jains and Sikhs . There are 507 million Muslims as well as over 35 million Christians and 25 million Buddhists in South Asia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6963d1835cfee6c34b1e2db06e6f8787", "text": "Welspun Group Welspun Group is a multinational company whose core industries are steel , energy , and textiles . Welspun is one of India 's fastest growing conglomerates , doing business in over 50 countries with 24,000 employees and over 100,000 shareholders . Its clients include companies operating in the oil and gas and retail sectors such as Chevron , ExxonMobil , WalMart , and Target .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a2bea8dfd8b249f125bf9dd1bd95d537", "text": "P8 Group The P8 Group brings together senior leaders from some of the world 's largest public pension funds to develop actions relating to global issues and particularly climate change . It is an initiative of the Cambridge Programme for Sustainability Leadership ( CPSL ) and HRH Prince of Wales 's Business and Environment Programme ( BEP ) supported by the Environmental Capital Group ( ECG ) and the Nand & Jeet Khemka Foundation . The P8 Group involves ten leading global pension funds and sovereign wealth funds , including representatives from Europe , Asia , Australasia and North America . They represent over $ 3 trillion of investment capital and as pension funds have an inherently long term focus . In November 2007 the first P8 Summit was held . This brought together leaders from eight of the world 's largest public pension funds with key experts including Vice President Al Gore and HRH Prince of Wales . The P8 Summit was a critical start in getting pension funds to lead in the move toward a low carbon economy . Participants agreed to continue working together to address climate change , both within their organizations and as a group to influence policy and markets . The group , at this point 10 pension funds , met again in July 2008 to further develop their strategy . At this meeting HRH Prince of Wales welcomed their continued `` determination to put substantial money into investments that address climate change . '' This organisation has now disbanded , and was replaced in 2010 by the P80 Group Foundation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2d9b10f940dea3147617d29548b4cd93", "text": "Mr. India (1987 film) Mr. India is a 1987 Indian Hindi science fiction superhero film directed by Shekhar Kapur . It stars Anil Kapoor , Sridevi and Amrish Puri in the lead roles The film was the highest grossing Indian film of 1987 , and remains a cult classic in India . The film was known for several of its lines and songs , including Sridevi 's Miss Hawa Hawaii performance , and Amrish Puri 's quote `` Mogambo khush hua '' ( Mogambo is pleased ) , which is one of the most famous quotes of Bollywood and became synonymous with Puri . The Mogambo character is also considered to be one of the best villains in Bollywood history . Laxmikant-Pyarelal 's music performed well too , especially the song Hawa Hawaii which is very popular till today . The film has often been featured in different lists of top Bollywood films . Indiatimes Movies ranks the movie amongst the Top 25 Must See Bollywood Films . This was the last film that the writing duo Salim-Javed wrote together . They had split up earlier in 1982 , but came back for one last film . On the centenary of Indian Cinema , Mr. India has been declared one of the 100 Greatest Indian Films of All Time . Interestingly Rajesh Khanna and Amitabh Bachchan were offered the lead role , but they turned it down as they could n't relate with the invisible hero .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0b43c516d8c6aa6a8453406047fe6424", "text": "Kyoto-Varanasi Partner City Agreement Shortly after arriving in Kyoto , Japan for a 5-day bilateral meeting with Prime Minister of Japan Shinzo Abe , Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi and Prime Minister Abe announced the Kyoto-Varanasi Partner City Agreement . The text of the agreement was signed in the presence of the leaders of both nations by Mayor of Kyoto Daisaku Kadokawa and Ambassador of India to Japan Smt . Deepa Gopalan Wadhwa . As Varanasi forms a part of Prime Minister Modi 's Lok Sabha constituency , `` the prime minister ensured that Kashi , on the banks of river Ganges , finds a partner in Kyoto , as India 's holy city moves ahead on the path of revival to become the ` smart heritage city ' - Modi 's fascinating dream to turn his parliamentary constituency into a modern 21st-century city , yet retaining its rich tradition and cultural heritage . '' On December 3 , 2014 , the Press Information Bureau ( PIB ) of the Government of India 's Ministry of Urban Development announced the formation of an 11-member steering committee to facilitate , in line with Prime Minister Modi 's directives , the modernization of water management , sewage management , waste management and urban transportation , `` drawing upon Japanese expertise and technologies . '' The committee will also promote the `` application of Japanese practices , techniques and management for conservation of rich heritage of Varanasi '' and foster `` exchanges between Kyoto University and Banares Hindu University , as well as religious organisations . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "22ec5bcde8c9f78a9f41b145b10fdf9b", "text": "Superstate A superstate is defined as `` a large and powerful State formed when several smaller countries unite '' , `` A large and powerful state formed from a federation or union of nations '' . This is distinct from the concept of superpower , although these are frequently seen together . It is also distinct from the concept of empire , where one nation dominates other nations through military , political , and economic power , although an empire may also be a superstate . In the early 20th century , `` superstate '' had a similar definition as today 's supranational organisations . In a 1927 article by Edward A. Harriman on the League of Nations , a superstate was defined as merely `` an organisation , of which a state is a member , which is superior to the member themselves '' , in that '' -LSB- a -RSB- complete superstate has legislative , executive and judicial organs to make , to execute and to interpret its laws '' . According to this definition , Harriman saw the League of Nations as a `` rudimentary superstate '' , and the United States as `` an example of a complete and perfect superstate '' . In World Order of Bahá ` u 'll áh , first published in 1938 , Shoghi Effendi , the Guardian of the Bahá ' í Faith , described the anticipated world government of that religion as the `` world 's future super-state '' with the Bahá ' í Faith as the `` State Religion of an independent and Sovereign Power . '' In the 1970s , academic literature used the term `` superstate '' to indicate a particularly rich and powerful state , in a similar fashion to the term superpower . In contemporary political debate , especially the one centred on the European Union , the term `` superstate '' is used to indicate a ( usually deemed unwelcome ) development in which the Union takes over the character of a State ( including the monopoly on violence ) thus abolishing the sovereignty and independence of its member states . For instance , Glyn Morgan opposes the perspective of a `` European superstate '' to the ones of `` a Europe of nation-states '' and of `` a post-sovereign European polity '' . In her definition , a `` European superstate is nothing more than a sovereign state - a tried and tested type of polity that predominates in the modern world - operating on a European wide scale '' , i.e. , `` a unitary European state '' The term was famously used by Margaret Thatcher in her 1988 Bruges speech , when she decried the perspective of `` a European super-state exercising a new dominance from Brussels '' , and has since entered the eurosceptic lexicon . Tony Blair argued in 2000 that he welcomed an EU as a `` superpower , not a superstate ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "99341bbea57bc51596768b17ecbd60d9", "text": "Noida Noida , short for the New Okhla Industrial Development Authority ( Hindi : ' नवीन ओखला औद्योगिक विकास प्राधिकरण ' ) , is a systematically planned Indian city under the management of the New Okhla Industrial Development Authority ( also called NOIDA ) . It is part of National Capital Region of India . Noida came into administrative existence on 17 April 1976 and celebrates 17 April as `` Noida Day '' . It was set up as part of an urbanisation thrust during the controversial Emergency period ( 1975 -- 1977 ) . The city was created under the UP Industrial Area Development Act by the initiatives of Sanjay Gandhi . The city has the highest per capita income in the whole National Capital Region . The Noida Authority is among the richest civic bodies in the country . As per provisional reports of Census India , the population of Noida in 2011 is 642,381 ; of which male and female are 352,577 and 289,804 respectively . Roads in Noida are lined by trees and it is considered to be India 's greenest city with about 50 % green cover , the highest of any city in India . Noida is located in Gautam Buddh Nagar district of Uttar Pradesh state . The district 's administrative headquarters are in the nearby town of Greater Noida . However , the district 's highest government official , the District Magistrate ( DM ) , has its official camp office in Noida Sector-27 . The city is a part of the Noida Vidhan Sabha ( state assembly ) constituency and Gautam Buddha Nagar ( Lok Sabha constituency ) . Minister of State for Culture , Tourism of Civil Aviation Mahesh Sharma of the BJP is the current MP of Noida . The current MLA is Pankaj Singh ( politician ) . Noida was ranked as the Best City in Uttar Pradesh and the Best City in Housing in all of India in awards conducted by abp news in 2015 ( Best City Awards 2015 ) , Noida replaced Mumbai as the second-best realty destination , according to an analyst report . Noida has emerged as a hot spot for IT and IT-enabled services industry with many large companies setting up their businesses here . It is becoming the preferred destination for companies offering IT , ITeS , BPO , BTO and KPO services in various domains such as banking , financial services , insurance , pharma , auto , fast-moving consumer goods and manufacturing . According to a study by Assocham the major advantages include an excellent power supply , a salubrious climate eminently suited to information technology ( IT ) industries , a capability to increase the pool of skilled manpower , the availability of engineering colleges and other educational institutions , the low cost of setting up an IT unit as well as low recurring costs ( including cost of living ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5c737c2b20a13635ce58f1adcfb39c11", "text": "Sun Yafang Sun , Yafang is a Chinese engineer who has served as the chairwoman of Huawei since 1999 . As of 2016 , she is listed as the 38th most powerful woman in the world by Forbes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b2d01d78f99b201ad1a473bd025c3782", "text": "Steve Forbes Malcolm Stevenson `` Steve '' Forbes , Jr. ( -LSB- fɔrbz -RSB- born July 18 , 1947 ) is an American publishing executive , who was twice a candidate for the nomination of the Republican Party for President . Forbes is the Editor-in-Chief of Forbes , a business magazine . Forbes was a Republican candidate in the 1996 and 2000 Presidential primaries . Forbes is the son of longtime Forbes publisher Malcolm Forbes , and the grandson of that publication 's founder , B.C. Forbes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3b7ba7e64da485f177f44a6918545efc", "text": "Prime Minister of Pakistan The Prime Minister of Pakistan ( -LSB- -- , -LSB- ʋəˈziːr-ˌeː ˈɑː.zəm -RSB- ; lit . `` Grand Vizier '' ) , is the head of government of Pakistan and designated as the `` chief executive of the Republic '' . The Prime Minister leads the executive branch of the government , oversees the economic growth , heads the Council of Common Interests as well as the Cabinet , and is vested with the command authority over the nuclear arsenals . This position places its holder in leadership of the nation and in control over all matters of internal and foreign policy . The incumbent Prime Minister is Nawaz Sharif -- a presiding figure of the conservative Pakistan Muslim League ( N ) . The Prime Minister is elected by the members of the National Assembly and therefore is usually the leader of the majority party in the parliament . The Constitution of Pakistan vests the executive powers in the Prime Minister who is responsible for appointing the Cabinet as well as running the executive branch , taking and authorising executive decisions , appointments and recommendations that require executive confirmation of the Prime Minister . Constitutionally , the Prime Minister serves as the chief adviser to President of Pakistan on critical matters and plays an influential role in appointment in each branch and the military leadership as well as ensuring the control of the military through chairman joint chiefs . Powers of the Prime Minister have significantly grown with a delicate system of the check and balance by each branch . The position was absent during years of 1960 -- 73 and 1977-85 due to imposed martial law . In each of these periods , the military junta led by the President had the powers of the Prime Minister .", "title": "" } ]	fever
a724e28ef0ad79d9cad3ab29b20a13e8	Whoopi Goldberg was born in 1955.	[ { "docid": "71f52e9028bca3a7d083d4bc5b94bfb8", "text": "Whoopi Goldberg Caryn Elaine Johnson ( born November 13 , 1955 ) , known professionally as Whoopi Goldberg ( -LSB- ˈwhʊpi -RSB- ) , is an American actress , comedian , author and television host . She has been nominated for 13 Emmy Awards for her work in television and is one of the few entertainers who have won an Emmy Award , a Grammy Award , an Oscar , and a Tony Award . She was the second black woman in the history of the Academy Awards to win an acting Oscar . In the period drama film The Color Purple ( 1985 ) , her breakthrough role was playing Celie , a mistreated black woman in the Deep South , for which she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress . In the romantic fantasy film Ghost ( 1990 ) , Goldberg played Oda Mae Brown , an eccentric psychic who helped a slain man ( Patrick Swayze ) save his lover ( Demi Moore ) , for which she won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress . In 1992 , she starred as a pretend nun in the comedy Sister Act . From 1998 to 2002 , she was co-producer of the television game show Hollywood Squares . Since 2007 , she has been the moderator of the daytime television talk show The View .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "a85a2d1362012e9a58f2efe26eee3731", "text": "Operation Blessing International Operation Blessing International Relief and Development Corporation ( OBI ) is a non-profit 501 ( c ) ( 3 ) humanitarian organization founded in the United States . Beginning in 1978 , OBI has operations in 105 countries and all 50 US states , providing goods and services valued at more than $ 3.1 billion . Implementing programs that provide disaster relief , medical aid , clean water , hunger relief , community development and orphan care , Operation Blessing is governed by a national board of directors that includes founder M. G. `` Pat '' Robertson .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c21eca50727f2dbfbc2269181941bae7", "text": "Hopie Hopie , née Kae Hope Ranoa , is a San Francisco Bay Area rapper and lawyer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "446c40d507933f6d42a7b409f3e01bed", "text": "Dean Friedman Dean Friedman ( born May 23 , 1955 ) is an American singer-songwriter who plays piano , keyboard , guitar and other instruments , including the harmonica .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0c412c9ba6886cfccee28c30cef6db3c", "text": "Andrew Goldberg (writer) Andrew Goldberg ( born March 17 , 1978 ) is an American writer for Family Guy , where he has written several episodes . He is also the author of Brian Griffin 's Guide to Booze , Broads , and the Lost Art of Being a Man , a book published by HarperCollins focusing on Brian Griffin 's beliefs . In 2016 , he co-created the animated sitcom Big Mouth with Nick Kroll .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bc0d00be1e8dcaa8bac781677f62bf22", "text": "William Garonwy Griffiths William Garonwy Griffiths ( born 1955 ) is an American author . He was born on Long Island in New York and lived in New Hampshire .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "919eeb388657bf1d8a04413220ba139e", "text": "Lee Jussim Lee Jussim is an American social psychologist who was in born 1955 in the East New York section of Brooklyn , in New York City .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b9f9dbe5664536bf5c3cfbb7640c99bc", "text": "Herbie Hancock Herbert Jeffrey Hancock ( born April 12 , 1940 ) is an American pianist , keyboardist , bandleader , composer and actor . Starting his career with Donald Byrd , he shortly thereafter joined the Miles Davis Quintet where Hancock helped to redefine the role of a jazz rhythm section and was one of the primary architects of the post-bop sound . He was one of the first jazz musicians to embrace synthesizers and funk music . Hancock 's music is often melodic and accessible ; he has had many songs `` cross over '' and achieved success among pop audiences . Hancock 's best-known compositions include `` Cantaloupe Island '' , `` Watermelon Man '' ( later performed by dozens of musicians , including bandleader Mongo Santamaría ) , `` Maiden Voyage '' , `` Chameleon '' , and the singles `` I Thought It Was You '' and `` Rockit '' . His 2007 tribute album River : The Joni Letters won the 2008 Grammy Award for Album of the Year , only the second jazz album ever to win the award , after Getz/Gilberto in 1965 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "216e615ceed26414bedd6beabde5b521", "text": "Cubby Bryant Paul `` Cubby '' Bryant ( born June 1 , 1971 ) is a radio personality , currently working as the morning host at 103.5 WKTU in New York City From 2006-2008 Cubby served as the co-host and sidekick to Whoopi Goldberg on the nationally syndicated morning show Wake Up With Whoopi . Before joining Whoopi Goldberg as co-host of the morning show , Bryant was at crosstown sister station WHTZ serving as their Afternoon Drive Disc Jockey and Music Director . Bryant began his radio career in his hometown of Virginia Beach , VA at WGH-FM ( 97 Star ) in 1988 , there was where he inherited his current radio name Cubby ( a name given to him by WGH DJ 's Tony Macrini and Jeff Moreau ) for being so young ( at the time 16 ) and in radio . It was a take off of Alabama football coach Paul `` Bear '' Bryant ( no relation ) . Then , Bryant joined 104.1 KRBE in Houston , TX as Night Host and Music Director from 1990-1996 . In 1996 , Bryant began his tenure at WHTZ ( Z100 ) in New York City as Afternoon Drive Host and Music Director . In 2000 , Bryant went around the world with the group Backstreet Boys to promote the release of Black & Blue , the boys traveled around the world in 100 hours to Sweden , Japan , Australia , South Africa , Brazil , and the US ; 55 of the hours were spent traveling and 45 were spent making public appearances . In mid-2006 , Bryant announced he would be leaving WHTZ after a ten-year run with the station to co-host Wake Up With Whoopi . WKTU cancelled Wake Up With Whoopi in November 2007 . In January 2008 , Bryant left Wake Up With Whoopi , still airing in syndication in a few markets , to return to WKTU , this time as the station 's solo morning host . Bryant is a resident of East Brunswick , NJ after moving from New York , NY . He was born and raised in Virginia Beach , Virginia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0523bf315dd569e84edc3b4150caa143", "text": "Randy Goldberg Randy Goldberg ( born June 28 , 1960 ) is an American astrologer based in Washington D.C. , who has appeared on CNN , The Washington Post and National Public Radio . Goldberg was formerly a yogic monk , who studied for two years in India , and practiced throughout Thailand , Malaysia , Singapore , Denmark , Germany and France . He is a graduate of the DC Hellinger Institute , and a founder of the Arlington Healing Center . Goldberg approaches astrology from a mythic Jungian perspective , using both the Western and Indian Vedic systems .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1fd7d2c11cfdb1fa682d89e56489c1f6", "text": "A Knight in Camelot A Knight in Camelot is a 1998 television film starring Whoopi Goldberg and Michael York . It was directed by Roger Young , distributed by Disney and is loosely based on Mark Twain 's A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur 's Court .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "450c2d6cabe6f9867f3f14ec18159114", "text": "Billboard Top Rock'n'Roll Hits: 1955 Billboard Top Rock 'n' Roll Hits : 1955 is a compilation album released by Rhino Records in 1988 , featuring 10 hit recordings from 1955 . The volume is the first in a series of albums by Rhino Records that chronicled years in music , starting from 1955 and continuing through 1995 . Each of the albums issued in the series included a `` Time Capsule '' in its liner notes . These notes served as a synopsis for the year featured on the album , including the top news headlines , sports events , television programs and trends in fashion and popular culture . The track lineups tended to feature most of the year 's top 10 hits , although some of the year 's most popular songs on a given album were not included for various reasons -- most commonly , licensing restrictions . This would be most evident for several of Rhino 's Billboard volumes covering the 1960s , where songs by The Beatles and The Rolling Stones were not included . In such cases , other songs that were among the most popular of the year were substituted . For the 1955 track lineup , just one song topped the Billboard Best Sellers in Stores chart : `` Rock Around the Clock '' by Bill Haley & His Comets . Also included was `` Sincerely '' by The Moonglows , whose version -- which topped the Top Rhythm & Blues Songs chart -- was used in place of The McGuire Sisters ' version , which reached No. 1 on the Best Sellers in Stores mainstream chart . Most of the other songs reached the top 10 of one of the three charts Billboard had in place at the time -- the Best Sellers in Stores , Most Played by Jockeys and Most Played in Jukeboxes . Rhino 's mainstream pop top hits volumes for the years 1955 through 1974 were titled `` Billboard Top Rock 'n' Roll Hits . '' Starting with the 1975 volume and continuing through the 1995 entry , the series became known as `` Billboard Top Hits . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cca4eb80fa30fb915233485984d1136b", "text": "Open Sesame (Whodini album) Open Sesame , released in 1987 , was the fourth album by American hip hop group Whodini . This album spawned the single `` Be Yourself . '' The album was certified gold by the RIAA .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4d8428111dd58c91f5940f1069a6c333", "text": "Weitbrecht Communications Weitbrecht Communications , Inc. ( WCI ) is a Santa Monica , California company that specializes in providing products for deaf people . The company was founded as Applied Communications around 1965 by Robert Weitbrecht and James C. Marsters based on Weitbrecht 's invention of the teleprinter at SRI International ( then Stanford Research Institute ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2515e428e74602e63d8ae8c57c9add14", "text": "Nieca Goldberg Nieca Goldberg ( born October 21 , 1957 ) is an American medical doctor , a practicing cardiologist , a senior executive in the health care industry , an associate professor in medicine , an author , and a weekly radio show host . The American College of Cardiology , describes Goldberg as a `` clinical innovator '' and `` a nationally recognized pioneer in women 's heart health . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f8ab939347cad89e775eeede05965d46", "text": "Joel Moss Levinson Joel Moss Levinson is a writer , comedian from Yellow Springs , Ohio . He often collaborates with his older brother , Stephen Levinson , as the Levinson Brothers . The pair were a part of TedX Dayton 2014 , speaking about successful collaboration . Along with their third partner , CONAN and former Daily Show writer Rob Kutner , the Levinson Brothers released `` 2776 '' a comedy/musical album benefitting the charity OneKid OneWorld . Featuring Aimee Mann , Patton Oswalt , Ed Helms , Ashanti , Reggie Watts , Ira Glass , Nina Totenberg , Will Forte , Rebirth Brass Band , Yo La Tengo , Margaret Cho , Neko Case , Kelly Hogan , Dick Cavett , Dick Gregory , k.d. lang , Will Arnett , Alex Trebek and more , the album appeared briefly on the Billboard Comedy charts . The album 's liner notes were written by George Saunders and appeared in the New Yorker Joel composed the music for all but two of the 28 tracks . n 2012 , the Levinson Brothers and Rob Kutner released an EP called `` It 's OK To Do Stuff '' in celebration of the 40th anniversary of `` Free To Be You And Me . '' Made up of songs satirizing the original with songs about gender , childhood , equality and relationships . `` It 's Okay to Do Stuff is first and foremost meant to be funny -- and it is , most of the time . Here , the earnestness of Free to Be is replaced with satire , but irony is the ethos of our age , remember ? '' The album features Lizzy Caplan , Fred Willard , Jane Weidlin , Steven Page , Colin Hanks , Fred Stoller , Eddie Pepitone , Eugene Mirman and others . Joel gained national attention in 2008 as an Internet personality who professionally wins consumer generated marketing contests , and earned more than money and prizes , by creating corporate jingles and short commercials . Levinson grew up in Dayton , Ohio . His father Jim was a prosecutor and his mother was a writer . He attended George Washington University for a few semesters . He worked for the KIO ( Kentucky , Indiana , Ohio ) region for BBYO and traveled the country as a song leader for the organization . In November 2008 , he appeared on The Tonight Show to talk about his contest winnings . Joel was named an Access Hollywood Rising Star on December 1 , 2008 . In 2009 he appeared on CBS News with Katie Couric .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d9db0f85c8b06e226526abe41ad87a76", "text": "Michael Goldberg (painter) Michael Goldberg ( December 24 , 1924 -- December 31 , 2007 ) was an American abstract expressionist painter and teacher known for his gestural action paintings , abstractions and still-life paintings . A retrospective show , `` Abstaction Over Time : The Paintings of Michael Goldberg '' , is showing at MOCA Jacksonville in Florida from 9/21/13 to 1/5/14 . His work was seen in September 2007 in a solo exhibition at Knoedler & Company in New York City , as well as several exhibitions at Manny Silverman Gallery in Los Angeles . Additionally , a survey of Goldberg 's work is exhibited at the University Art Museum at California State University , Long Beach since September 2010 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dfdd3baccce39c4da041cbb8dafe4de4", "text": "Elizabeth Nickson Elizabeth Nickson is a Canadian writer and journalist . In the late 1980s and early 1990s , she was European bureau chief of Life magazine . In 2002 , Elizabeth Nickson 's column at the National Post was terminated due to a case of plagiarism . Canada 's National Post has dismissed a columnist due to concerns over plagiarism . The news broke in an Editor 's Note the paper ran on Friday : `` In freelancer Elizabeth Nickson 's column in the National Post of May 31 , 2002 , the following words should have been attributed to Jonah Goldberg of National Review Online : `` Kim Basinger is ` allergic ' to the sun and requires an assistant to carry an umbrella to protect her on the off chance she might be exposed to dangerous solar radiation . Sylvester Stallone once refused to continue with an interview until his hotel room was painted a more ` likable ' peach . Mike Myers almost quit the filming of Wayne 's World because he did n't have any margarine for his bagel . Sean Penn made an assistant swim the dangerous and polluted currents of New York 's East River just to bring him a cigarette . Jennifer Lopez is just one of the many stars who does not permit her employees to look her in the eyes . '' These sentences , as they appeared in Ms. Nickson 's column published two and a half years ago , were slightly revised from Mr. Goldberg 's original article that appeared a year earlier in 2001 . The National Post regrets the omission of the attribution to Mr. Goldberg and the National Review . While Ms. Nickson indicated that her failure to attribute the passage was inadvertent , the Post has decided to discontinue her weekly freelance column . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "be0c405a52a9e4cb486fddf373222305", "text": "Television's Greatest Hits: 65 TV Themes! From the 50's and 60's 65 TV Themes ! From the 50 's and 60 's is the first volume of the Television 's Greatest Hits series of compilation albums by TVT Records . From the 50 's and 60 's was a double LP that featured 65 themes from television shows ranging from the mid-1950s until the late 1960s . The album catalog was later acquired by The Bicycle Music Company . In September 2011 , Los Angeles-based Oglio Records announced they were releasing the Television 's Greatest Hits song catalog after entering into an arrangement The Bicycle Music Company . A series of 9 initial `` 6-packs '' including some of the songs from the album has been announced for 2011 . Don Pardo `` hosted '' the original LP and cassette versions from 1985 . Five tracks are exclusive to the original 1985 releases ... The first track on the first record/tape , side one , begins with a musical sample of Edvard Grieg 's `` Morning Mood '' from the Peer Gynt suite , which is interrupted by Don Pardo beginning the `` broadcast day . '' Side one concludes with a faux test announcement of the Emergency Broadcast System , leading into the `` Duck and Cover '' song ( from the 1951 Civil Defense education film of the same name . ) Side two concludes with easy-listening music and Pardo making announcements of the `` station '' having technical difficulties and to please stand by . This was also sampled on Hexstatic 's album Rewind . Side three ( the first side on the second record/tape ) concludes with a medley of news themes and announcer voices , led off by Pardo announcing a faux news bulletin interrupting the `` broadcast '' over a music sample of Beethoven 's 9th Symphony , specifically the `` Scherzo '' movement . Side four ( and the whole album ) concludes with Don Pardo signing-off the `` broadcast day '' with a recording of the United States national anthem ( enhanced with explosion and firework sounds near the end ) , and then fades on a test pattern tone ( signaling the `` station '' has gone off the air . )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b95ff6edca830fe3ff9bc2786dfe0c03", "text": "Baby boomers Baby boomers are the demographic cohort following the Silent Generation . There are no precise dates when the cohort birth years start and end . Typically , they range from the early-to-mid 1940s and end from 1960 to 1964 . Increased birth rates were observed during the post -- World War II baby boom making the baby boomers a relatively large demographic cohort . The term `` baby boomer '' is also used in a cultural context , so it is difficult to achieve broad consensus of a precise date definition . Different people , organizations , and scholars have varying opinions on who is a baby boomer , both technically and culturally . Ascribing universal attributes to such a generation is difficult , and some believe it is inherently impossible , but many have attempted to determine their cultural similarities and historical impact , and the term has thus gained widespread popular usage . Baby boomers are associated with a rejection or redefinition of traditional values . Many commentators , however , have disputed the extent of that rejection , noting the widespread continuity of values with older and younger generations . In Europe and North America , boomers are widely associated with privilege , as many grew up in a time of widespread government subsidies in post-war housing and education , and increasing affluence . As a group , baby boomers were the wealthiest , most active , and most physically fit generation up to the era in which they arrived , and were amongst the first to grow up genuinely expecting the world to improve with time . They were also the generation that received peak levels of income ; they could therefore reap the benefits of abundant levels of food , apparel , retirement programs , and sometimes even `` midlife crisis '' products . The increased consumerism for this generation has been regularly criticized as excessive . One feature of the boomers was that they have tended to think of themselves as a special generation , very different from those that had come before . In the 1960s , as the relatively large numbers of young people became teenagers and young adults , they , and those around them , created a very specific rhetoric around their cohort , and the changes they were bringing about . This rhetoric had an important impact in the self perceptions of the boomers , as well as their tendency to define the world in terms of generations , which was a relatively new phenomenon . The baby boom has been described variously as a `` shockwave '' and as `` the pig in the python . '' The term `` Generation Jones '' is sometimes used to describe those born between 1954 and 1965 . The term is typically used to refer to the later years of the Baby boomer cohort ( 1954-1960 ) and the early years of Generation X ( 1961-1965 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "71e76346d7e662996d87d942cb549d39", "text": "Téa Leoni Elizabeth Téa Pantaleoni ( -LSB- ˈteɪ.ə _ pɑːntəleɪˈoʊniː -RSB- born February 25 , 1966 ) , better known by her stage name Téa Leoni , is an American actress and producer . In her early career , Leoni starred in the television sitcoms Flying Blind ( 1992 -- 93 ) and The Naked Truth ( 1995 -- 98 ) . Her breakthrough role was in the 1995 action comedy film , Bad Boys . In later years , Leoni had the female lead roles in films including Deep Impact ( 1998 ) , The Family Man ( 2000 ) , Jurassic Park III ( 2001 ) , and Fun with Dick and Jane ( 2005 ) . In 2014 , Leoni returned to television with the leading role in the CBS political drama series , Madam Secretary .", "title": "" } ]	fever
4bbbaa582bd0367c217ec6c83ca6a9ff	Marlon Brando took part in a film in 1953.	[ { "docid": "3f421c02554ae4c17413c412f57473eb", "text": "The Wild One The Wild One is a 1953 American film directed by László Benedek and produced by Stanley Kramer . It is most noted for the character of Johnny Strabler ( Marlon Brando ) , whose persona became a cultural icon of the 1950s . The Wild One is considered to be the original outlaw biker film , and the first to examine American outlaw motorcycle gang violence . The film 's screenplay was based on Frank Rooney 's short story `` The Cyclists ' Raid '' , published in the January 1951 Harper 's Magazine and anthologized in The Best American Short Stories 1952 . Rooney 's story was inspired by sensationalistic media coverage of an American Motorcyclist Association motorcycle rally that got out of hand on the Fourth of July weekend in 1947 in Hollister , California . The overcrowding , drinking and street stunting were given national attention in the July 21 , 1947 issue of Life Magazine , with a staged photograph of a wild drunken man on a motorcycle . The events , conflated with the newspaper and magazine reports , Rooney 's short story , and the film The Wild One are part of the legend of the Hollister riot .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b32b95bf5cf758eabea1cc9835f6946c", "text": "Marlon Brando Marlon Brando , Jr. ( April 3 , 1924 -- July 1 , 2004 ) was an American actor , film director and political activist . He is credited with bringing realism to film acting . He helped to popularize the Stanislavski system of acting , studying with Stella Adler in the 1940s . Brando is widely known for his Academy Award-winning performances as Terry Malloy in On the Waterfront ( 1954 ) and Vito Corleone in The Godfather ( 1972 ) , as well as his performances in A Streetcar Named Desire ( 1951 ) , Viva Zapata ! ( 1952 ) , Julius Caesar ( 1953 ) , The Wild One ( 1953 ) , Guys and Dolls ( 1955 ) , Sayonara ( 1957 ) , Reflections in a Golden Eye ( 1967 ) , Last Tango in Paris ( 1972 ) , and Apocalypse Now ( 1979 ) . Brando was also an activist for many causes , notably the Civil Rights Movement and various Native American movements . He initially gained acclaim and an Academy Award nomination for reprising the role of Stanley Kowalski in the 1951 film adaptation of Tennessee Williams ' play A Streetcar Named Desire , a role that he had originated successfully on Broadway . He received further praise for his performance as Terry Malloy in On the Waterfront , and his portrayal of the rebel motorcycle gang leader Johnny Strabler in The Wild One proved to be a lasting image in popular culture . Brando received Academy Award nominations for playing Emiliano Zapata in Viva Zapata ! ; Mark Antony in Joseph L. Mankiewicz 's 1953 film adaptation of Shakespeare 's Julius Caesar ; and Air Force Major Lloyd Gruver in Sayonara ( 1957 ) , an adaption of James Michener 's 1954 novel . Brando was included in a list of Top Ten Money Making Stars three times in the 1950s , coming in at number 10 in 1954 , number 6 in 1955 , and number 4 in 1958 . The 1960s proved to be a fallow decade for Brando . He directed and starred in the cult western film One-Eyed Jacks , a critical and commercial flop , after which he delivered a series of box-office failures , beginning with the 1962 film adaptation of the novel Mutiny on the Bounty . After 10 years , during which he did not appear in a successful film , he won his second Academy Award for playing Vito Corleone in Francis Ford Coppola 's The Godfather , a role critics consider among his greatest . The Godfather was then one of the most commercially successful films of all time . With that and his Oscar-nominated performance in Last Tango in Paris , Brando re-established himself in the ranks of top box-office stars , placing sixth and tenth in the Money Making Stars poll in 1972 and 1973 , respectively . Brando took a four-year hiatus before appearing in The Missouri Breaks ( 1976 ) . After this , he was content with being a highly paid character actor in cameo roles , such as in Superman ( 1978 ) and The Formula ( 1980 ) , before taking a nine-year break from motion pictures . According to the Guinness Book of World Records , Brando was paid a record $ 3.7 million ( $ million in inflation-adjusted dollars ) and 11.75 % of the gross profits for 13 days ' work on Superman . He finished out the 1970s with his controversial performance as Colonel Kurtz in another Coppola film , Apocalypse Now , a box-office hit for which he was highly paid and which helped finance his career layoff during the 1980s . Brando was ranked by the American Film Institute as the fourth-greatest movie star among male movie stars whose screen debuts occurred in or before 1950 . He was one of only three professional actors , along with Charlie Chaplin and Marilyn Monroe , named in 1999 by Time magazine as one of its 100 Most Important People of the Century . He died of respiratory failure on July 1 , 2004 , at age 80 .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "eedc1cd36ae0810fca8f640e74f32a73", "text": "Nessuno ha tradito Nessuno ha tradito ( also known as Il ponte della concordia ) is a 1952 Italian melodrama film directed by Roberto Bianchi Montero .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6af7a0282c65e446ecd4ae03f63be146", "text": "King Lear (1953 film) King Lear is a 1953 live television adaptation of the Shakespeare play staged by Peter Brook and starring Orson Welles . Preserved on kinescope , it aired October 18 , 1953 , as part of the CBS television series Omnibus , hosted by Alistair Cooke . The cast includes Micheál Mac Liammóir and Alan Badel .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "39fc6d4dcc14c178019fa08764e8a562", "text": "Take Me to Town Take Me To Town is a 1953 Technicolor Western film directed by Douglas Sirk starring Ann Sheridan and Sterling Hayden .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8f0a40337c94287e480ab0925ded495b", "text": "The Island of Women The Island of Women ( Spanish : La isla de las mujeres ) is a 1953 Mexican film directed by Rafael Baledón and starring Germán Valdés , Lilia del Valle and Fernando Soto . A man is stranded on a desert island which is ruled by women .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b709f5eb8db6ade7d4b644354af5e136", "text": "Los Fernández de Peralvillo Los Fernández de Peralvillo is a 1953 Mexican film . It stars Sara García .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5d97e3594622c26a9eab3ec2db58f0d7", "text": "Private Eyes (1953 film) Private Eyes is a 1953 comedy film starring The Bowery Boys . The film was released on December 6 , 1953 by Allied Artists and is the thirty-second film in the series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b68ee96bfbf264e3eab14e4efd69435d", "text": "King of the Cowboys King of the Cowboys is a 1943 film directed by Joseph Kane and starring Roy Rogers and Smiley Burnette . It is set in Texas during World War II .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7dd6cec5c2281127cf4e919f3ab53386", "text": "Gypsy Curse Gypsy Curse ( Spanish : Maldición gitana ) is a 1953 Spanish comedy film directed by Jerónimo Mihura and starring Luis Sandrini , Elena Espejo and Julia Caba Alba .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5c4bcb698384984821a0efc54f519328", "text": "Payaso Payaso is a 1952 Argentine film .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7daebfd1688b4ca1785b80af73bf4e9e", "text": "Arrowhead (1953 film) Arrowhead is a 1953 western Technicolor film directed by Charles Marquis Warren and starring Charlton Heston and Jack Palance . The film is based on the novel Adobe Walls by W.R.Burnett . The screenplay was also by Charles Marquis Warren .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f56cc1c1e220cab902690b4e5bf2abbc", "text": "Operation Diplomat (film) Operation Diplomat is a 1953 British drama film directed by John Guillermin and produced by Ernest G. Roy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6ec958f88843ccf7cc3f6e8027341b56", "text": "Day by Day (film) Day by Day ( Spanish :D ía tras día ) is a 1951 Spanish drama film directed by Antonio del Amo . Shot in Madrid , it has certain characteristics similar to Italian neorealism .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f818fa0a1772cf4f1576e7be568566ca", "text": "Nástup Nástup is a 1953 Czechoslovak drama film directed by Otakar Vávra .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8330c8e17b8d8b59c201fd21f60d91eb", "text": "Perils of the Jungle (1953 film) Perils of the Jungle is a 1953 American black and white adventure film directed by George Blair , featuring animal trainer and circus impresario Clyde Beatty and Phyllis Coates , known for her roles in serials and `` B '' films . Perennial `` heavy '' John Doucette also appeared in the film .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "050851b3346fae9922bf7847bd7da30b", "text": "The Forbidden Christ The Forbidden Christ ( Il Cristo proibito ) is a 1951 Italian drama film directed by Curzio Malaparte .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "022aba0feb6a9210c1a213a1ccfe69ce", "text": "Loving You Is My Sin Loving You Is My Sin ( Italian : Amarti è il mio peccato ) is a 1953 Italian drama film directed by Sergio Grieco and starring Jacques Sernas , Luisa Rossi and Elisa Cegani .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "52579a79e957db904a2db2aa0d4ae201", "text": "Cabaret (1953 film) Cabaret is a 1953 Spanish musical film directed by Eduardo Manzanos Brochero and starring Fernando Rey , Nati Mistral and José Bódalo .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f21415ecf6613531627f8d107ae714f6", "text": "House of Blackmail House of Blackmail is a 1953 British drama film directed by Maurice Elvey and starring Mary Germaine , William Sylvester and Alexander Gauge . Its plot follows a soldier and his girlfriend , who become mixed up with a blackmailer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fe56532658f6105d6fe8005e7483f53c", "text": "The Clown (1953 film) The Clown is a 1953 American drama film starring Red Skelton with Jane Greer and Tim Considine , and directed by Robert Z. Leonard . The story is derived from The Champ ( 1931 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ea16382c775e115eae07213f85945ca4", "text": "Ten Wanted Men Ten Wanted Men is a 1955 Technicolor Western film from Columbia Pictures directed by H. Bruce Humberstone . It stars Randolph Scott , Jocelyn Brando , Richard Boone and Alfonso Bedoya .", "title": "" } ]	fever
814f4057e0d83a62938e712a974cf9a2	Alberta contains Canmore.	[ { "docid": "e35e09bda2c62bfa260e218d9df9503b", "text": "Alberta Alberta ( -LSB- ælˈbɜrtə -RSB- ) is a western province of Canada . With an estimated population of 4,067,175 as of 2016 census , it is Canada 's fourth-most populous province and the most populous of Canada 's three prairie provinces . Its area is about 660,000 km2 . Alberta and its neighbour Saskatchewan were districts of the Northwest Territories until they were established as provinces on September 1 , 1905 . The premier has been Rachel Notley since May 2015 . Alberta is bounded by the provinces of British Columbia to the west and Saskatchewan to the east , the Northwest Territories to the north , and the U.S. state of Montana to the south . Alberta is one of three Canadian provinces and territories to border only a single U.S. state and one of only two landlocked provinces . It has a predominantly humid continental climate , with stark contrasts over a year but seasonal temperature average swings are smaller than to areas further east , due to winters being warmed by occasional chinook winds bringing sudden warming . Alberta 's capital , Edmonton , is near the geographic centre of the province and is the primary supply and service hub for Canada 's crude oil , the Athabasca oil sands and other northern resource industries . About south of the capital is Calgary , the largest city in Alberta . Calgary and Edmonton centre Alberta 's two census metropolitan areas , both of which have populations exceeding one million , while the province has 16 census agglomerations . Tourist destinations in the province include Banff , Canmore , Drumheller , Jasper and Sylvan Lake .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "ead4a60bbcf8956d1fca483395856960", "text": "Edson, Alberta Edson is a town in west-central Alberta , Canada . It is located in Yellowhead County , 192 km west of Edmonton along the Yellowhead Highway and 10 km east of the intersection with Highway 47 . Residents of Edson are referred to as Edsonites .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1740ed34377e0689b52ba8d1558dcea7", "text": "Calgary, Mull Calgary is a hamlet on the north west coast of Mull , in Argyll and Bute , Scotland . The hamlet is within the parish of Kilninian and Kilmore . It was the origin of the name of Fort Calgary in Canada , which became the city of Calgary , Alberta .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "06db35af4e0f932c2b7f75d7577f91f0", "text": "Yellowhead (electoral district) Yellowhead is a federal electoral district in Alberta , Canada , that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada since 1979 . The district is in west-central Alberta and represents : parts of the Municipal District of Greenview No. 16 including Grande Cache , Improvement District No. 25 ( Willmore ) , the Improvement District No. 12 ( Jasper ) , the Municipality of Jasper , Yellowhead County including Hinton and Edson , Brazeau County including Drayton Valley , Lac Ste. Anne County including Alexis 133 , Parkland County , Leduc County , Clearwater County including Big Horn 144A , Sunchild 202 , and O'Chiese 203 , and Rocky Mountain House .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1c39642167a2d3c2c45be2b7dc078f2e", "text": "Wyndham-Carseland Provincial Park Wyndham-Carseland Provincial Park is a provincial park in Alberta , Canada , located 24.5 km south of Strathmore and 4 km south of Carseland , along Highway 24 . The park is situated on both shores of the Bow River , at an elevation of 910 m and has an area of 2.4 km2 . It was established on May 2 , 1979 and is maintained by Alberta Environment and Parks . It is home to a diverse selection of flora and fauna , including beavers , moose , a large variety of birds , coyotes , mule deer , and others . The Bow River from the Carseland Weir to the Highway 24 bridge holds a number game fish species including brown and rainbow trout , northern pike and Rocky Mountain whitefish . Fishing regulations are enforced by Alberta Fish and Wildlife officers . Wyndham-Carseland campground was effected by the June 2013 floods in Southern Alberta and was closed until 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fccad5e6473f200a9c2e729b70f0cc62", "text": "Palliser Region The Palliser Region is an area in the southeast corner of the province of Alberta , Canada that has been delineated and is serviced by the Palliser Economic Partnership . It borders the Canadian province of Saskatchewan to the east , and the US state of Montana to the south . It covers an area of 43,504 km2 The total population of the area stood at 112,314 in 2009 . The city of Medicine Hat , with a population of 61,097 , is the area 's largest urban centre . The Palliser Region is the traditional territory of the Blackfoot Confederacy , who hunted bison throughout the area . From 1857 to 1860 , the area was explored as part of the Palliser Expedition , led by John Palliser . He described the area of southeast Alberta and southwest Saskatchewan -- now known as the Palliser Triangle -- as semi-arid , and warned that it was unsuitable for agricultural development . European settlement began with the arrival of the North-West Mounted Police in the mid 19th century . Fort Walsh was established by Police Inspector James Morrow Walsh , who became a good friend of Sitting Bull when he led the Sioux to the area after the Battle of Little Big Horn . Despite the area 's semi-arid climate , the British government encouraged farmers to settle in the region . They struggled with drought up until the end of the 1930s , and many settlers abandoned their farms due to crop failure , but dryland farming techniques introduced by the Prairie Farm Rehabilitation Administration eventually transformed the region into a successful agricultural centre . The region 's geography is characterized by grasslands -- including the Cypress Hills -- and classic badlands country . The region receives more than 2,512 hours of sunshine per year on average , making it the sunniest area in Canada . The Palliser Region is intersected by two major highways , # 1 and # 3 on the east -- west axis , connecting it to the rest of Canada , and two secondary highways , # 36 and # 41 , on the north -- south axis , which connect it to the US border . It is served by the Canadian Pacific Railway , which connects it to the rest of North America via connections with its affiliates . This transportation infrastructure is key to the region 's economy , which is based on agriculture , oil and gas , manufacturing , defence and aerospace , and tourism . The three fastest growing economic sectors in the Palliser Region are Mining and Oil and Gas Extraction , Professional , Scientific and Technical Services , and Finance , Insurance , Real Estate and Leasing . Employment in the region is currently increasing at more than double the Canadian average .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b6374f45241ebc07af9aaac52e706a1f", "text": "Provincial historic sites of Alberta Provincial historic sites of Alberta are museums and historic sites run by the Government of Alberta . Only sites owned by the provincial government and run as a functioning historic site or museum are known as Provincial Historic Sites . Buildings and sites owned by private citizens and companies or other levels or branches of government may gain one of two levels of historic designation , `` Registered Historic Resource '' or `` Provincial Historic Resource '' . A concentration of several heritage buildings can be designated a `` Provincial Historic Area '' , and there are two such areas in Alberta : downtown Fort Macleod and Old Strathcona in Edmonton . Historic designation in Alberta is governed by the Historic Resources Act . The province also lists buildings deemed historically significant by municipal governments on the Alberta Register of Historic Places , which is also part of the larger Canadian Register of Historic Places although this does not imply provincial or federal government status or protection . The Alberta Main Street Program helps to preserve historic buildings in the downtowns of smaller communities . The Heritage Survey Program is a survey of 80,000 historic buildings in Alberta , with no protective status . The official list as per the government of Alberta is : Brooks Aqueduct , irrigation museum near Brooks Carmangay Tipi Rings - archaeological tipi ring site at Carmangay , near Calgary Father Lacombe Chapel / Chapelle du Père Lacombe - missionary church built by Father Albert Lacombe in 1861 in St. Albert Frank Slide Interpretive Centre - site of rock slide tragedy in 1903 , in Frank Fort George and Buckingham House - fur trade post , near Elk Point Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump - ( also UNESCO World Heritage Site and National Historic Site of Canada ) - First Nations ' history , near Fort Macleod Historic Dunvegan - fur trade post and mission , near Fairview Leitch Collieries - coal mine , Crowsnest Pass Lougheed House - sandstone mansion from 1891 in Calgary . Oil Sands Discovery Centre - oil sands mining display , Fort McMurray Okotoks Erratic - giant rock left by glaciers , Okotoks Remington Carriage Museum - collection of horse-drawn forms of transportation , Cardston Reynolds-Alberta Museum - machinery and transportation , aviation hall of fame , Wetaskiwin Royal Alberta Museum - official provincial museum ( formerly Provincial Museum of Alberta ) , Edmonton Royal Tyrrell Museum - dinosaurs and palaeontology , near Drumheller Rutherford House - home of Albert 's first premier , University of Alberta , Edmonton Stephansson House - home of famous Icelandic poet Stephan G. Stephansson , near Red Deer Turner Valley Gas Plant - site of early oil discovery , near Calgary Tyrrell Field Station - field station of Tyrrell Museum , near Brooks Ukrainian Cultural Heritage Village - recreation of early Ukrainian settlement in Canada , near Edmonton Victoria Settlement - early pioneer settlement , near Smoky Lake", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5310c830ca309963d50d5705bfaa1929", "text": "CTV Two Alberta CTV Two Alberta is a Canadian English language entertainment , information and educational television channel in the province of Alberta . It is owned by Bell Media , and operates as a de facto owned-and-operated station of its secondary CTV Two television system . The channel is licensed by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission ( CRTC ) as an educational programming service for Alberta , and was formerly a public broadcaster owned by the Alberta provincial government . Since becoming a private broadcaster , it has continued to air educational and children 's programming as a condition of license , along with entertainment programming more favourable to advertisers and adult viewers . The channel is also designated as a `` satellite-to-cable undertaking '' serving the entirety of Alberta , and is therefore carried throughout the province on cable and licensed IPTV services on each service 's basic tier . It is also available on both national satellite services , Bell TV and Shaw Direct . In addition , the station formerly operated two terrestrial transmitters , CJAL-TV ( channel 9 ) in Edmonton , where the channel 's main studios are located , and CIAN-TV ( channel 13 ) in Calgary .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0d8962aa29575380b10667957785a1ef", "text": "Grassi Lakes The Upper and Lower Grassi Lakes lie at an elevation of about 1525 m in the southern Canadian Rockies overlooking the town of Canmore , Alberta . They receive their water from the Spray Lakes Reservoir on the Spray River . The land is part of the Canmore Nordic Centre Provincial Park , which is part of the Kananaskis Country park system . The lakes are named after Lawrence Grassi ( 1890 -- 1980 ) , an Italian who emigrated to Canada in 1912 . After working for the Canadian Pacific Railway for several years , he began work as a miner in the Canmore coal mines in 1916 . Grassi went on to become a well-respected climbing guide and built many trails in the area , including the one to the Grassi Lakes that bear his name . The small , emerald-colored Grassi Lakes are a popular destination for hikers and rock climbers . They lie at the foot of grey cliffs that are about 75 m high . The cliffs are part of the Cairn Formation , a fossil reef that formed during the Late Devonian period . The primary reef-forming organisms were stromatoporoids , a long-extinct type of bulbous sponge . The cliff is a favorite of rock climbers who use the pockets left by the sponges as hand - and foot-holds . Rock paintings that are more than 1,000 years old can be found near the top of the canyon beyond the lakes . They are believed to have been painted by the ancestors of the Kootenai Indians .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "435d749be3d4600a3256f7c2e6b3e26e", "text": "Alberta general election, 1963 The Alberta general election of 1963 was the fifteenth general election for the Province of Alberta , Canada . It was held on June 17 , 1963 to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta . The Social Credit Party , led by Ernest C. Manning , won its eighth consecutive term in government , winning roughly the same number of seats in the legislature and share of popular vote that it had in the 1959 election . Some Social Credit supporters were so confident of their party 's chances that they talked of winning `` 63 in ' 63 '' , i.e. , all 63 seats in the legislature in the 1963 election . They fell short of this goal , but still had an overwhelming majority , reducing the opposition to only three MLAs in total . Indeed , as a share of the overall seats available , this represented Social Credit 's greatest victory in its 36-year reign . Much of the opposition vote shifted away from the Progressive Conservative Party , now led by Milt Harradence , resulting in the party losing its sole seat . The Liberal Party was a partial beneficiary of the PC Party 's decline , but picked up only one additional seat , for a total of two , despite winning almost 20 % of the popular vote . 1963 was the last year in Alberta provincial politics when an MLA was acclaimed with the acclamation of Leonard Halmrast in Taber-Warner . After the PCs won power , they would later speak of `` 79 in ' 79 '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5a44e93fcdd43fbaf1c6f3e7098f1485", "text": "Clairmont, Alberta Clairmont is a hamlet in northern Alberta , Canada within the County of Grande Prairie No. 1 . Previously an incorporated municipality , Clairmont dissolved from village status on January 1 , 1946 to become part of the Municipal District of Bear Lake No. 740 . Clairmont is located in the Peace Country , along Highway 2 , approximately 10 km north of Grande Prairie and 9 km south of Sexsmith . Clairmont lies at an elevation of 685 m , on the western shore of Clairmont Lake . Initially the area was commonly known as Twin Lakes . The first use of the name `` Clairmont '' was in 1907 by the earliest surveyor of the township boundaries , JB Saint Cyr .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e90a2baf79e5b3138148607997223f47", "text": "Alberta Winter Games The Alberta Winter Games is a multi-sport event hosted in Alberta .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cea80a6ffb4170e0254b901e68b7b8c7", "text": "Red Deer, Alberta Red Deer is a city in Central Alberta , Canada . It is located near the midpoint of the Calgary -- Edmonton Corridor and is surrounded by Red Deer County . It is Alberta 's third-most-populous city -- after Calgary and Edmonton . The city is located in aspen parkland , a region of rolling hills that is home to oil , grain , and cattle production . It is a centre for oil and agriculture distribution , and the surrounding region is a major centre for petrochemical production . Red Deer had a population of 100,418 as of the Canada 2016 census making Red Deer Alberta 's third city to surpass a population count of 100,000 people .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9651071e251822350d029ad659d6529e", "text": "Demographics of Alberta Alberta has experienced a relatively high rate of growth in recent years , due in large part to its economy . Between 2003 and 2004 , the province saw high birthrates ( on par with some larger provinces such as British Columbia ) , relatively high immigration , and a high rate of interprovincial migration when compared to other provinces . Approximately 81 % of the population live in urban areas and only about 19 % live in rural areas . The Calgary -- Edmonton Corridor is the most urbanized area in Alberta and is one of Canada 's four most urban regions . Many of Alberta 's cities and towns have also experienced high rates of growth in recent history . From a population of 73,022 in 1901 , Alberta has grown to 3,645,257 in 2011 and in the process has gone from less than 1.5 % of Canada 's population to 10.9 % .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8a5bbd54a19174ad8cea58190f72302b", "text": "Mount Temple (Alberta) Mount Temple is a mountain in Banff National Park of the Canadian Rockies of Alberta , Canada . Mt. Temple is located in the Bow River Valley between Paradise Creek and Moraine Creek and is the highest peak in the Lake Louise area . The peak dominates the western landscape along the Trans-Canada Highway from Castle Junction to Lake Louise .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "930af8fe51ac4d4c089a772d0df0f2d7", "text": "Chipman, Alberta Chipman is a village in central Alberta , Canada within Lamont County and Census Division No. 10 . It is located on Highway 15 , approximately 11 km ( 7 mi ) southeast of Lamont , 22 km ( 14 mi ) northwest of Mundare , 70 km ( 44 mi ) east of Edmonton , and 30 km ( 18 mi ) northeast of the Yellowhead Highway entrance to Elk Island National Park .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6ec05f0fce42974a1576ed6ea2304aae", "text": "Alberta Social Credit Party The Alberta Social Credit Party is a provincial political party in Alberta , Canada , that was founded on social credit monetary policy put forward by Clifford Hugh Douglas and on conservative Christian social values . The Canadian social credit movement was largely an out-growth of the Alberta Social Credit Party . The Social Credit Party of Canada was strongest in Alberta , before developing a base in Quebec when Réal Caouette agreed to merge his Ralliement créditiste movement into the federal party . The British Columbia Social Credit Party formed the government for many years in neighbouring British Columbia , although this was effectively a coalition of centre-right forces in the province that had no interest in social credit monetary policies . The Alberta Social Credit party won a majority government in 1935 , in the first election it contested , barely months after its formation . During its first years , when led by William Aberhart , it was a radical monetary reform party , at least in theory if not in effect . After Aberhart 's death in 1943 and the rise to leadership of Ernest Manning , followed quickly by the discovery of oil in north-central Alberta and its accompanying wealth for many , Social Credit changed to a pro-business , anti-union , anti-government-interventionist style of governing . It stayed in power until 1971 , one of the longest unbroken runs in government at the provincial level in Canada . However , it has held no seats since 1982 , and finished a distant seventh in the 2012 and 2015 general elections .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c98628f529f246a46b7209cb9148dae8", "text": "Alberta federal electoral ridings As of 2015 , the province of Alberta has 34 electoral districts represented in the Canadian House of Commons . Banff -- Airdrie Battle River -- Crowfoot Bow River Calgary Centre Calgary Confederation Calgary Forest Lawn Calgary Heritage Calgary Midnapore Calgary Nose Hill Calgary Rocky Ridge Calgary Shepard Calgary Signal Hill Calgary Skyview Edmonton Centre Edmonton Griesbach Edmonton Manning Edmonton Mill Woods Edmonton Riverbend Edmonton Strathcona Edmonton West Edmonton -- Wetaskiwin Foothills Fort McMurray -- Cold Lake Grande Prairie -- Mackenzie Lakeland Lethbridge Medicine Hat -- Cardston -- Warner Peace River -- Westlock Red Deer -- Lacombe Red Deer -- Mountain View St. Albert -- Edmonton Sherwood Park -- Fort Saskatchewan Sturgeon River -- Parkland Yellowhead", "title": "" }, { "docid": "43d142ba91bf40ac6ef1800f852700e4", "text": "Kainai Nation The Kainai Nation ( or Káínawa , or Blood Tribe ) is a First Nation band government in southern Alberta , Canada , with a population of 1000 members in 2005 , Akáínaa translates directly to `` Many Chief '' ( from aká - `` many '' and nínaa - `` chief '' ) while Káína translates directly to `` Many Chief people . '' The enemy Plains Cree called the Kainai Miko-Ew - `` stained with blood '' , i.e. `` the bloodthirsty , cruel '' , therefore , the common English name for the tribe is the `` Blood tribe . '' The Kainai speak a language of the Algonquian linguistic group ; their dialect is closely related to those of the Siksika and Peigan . They are one of three nations comprising the Blackfoot Confederacy . At the time treaties such as Treaty 7 were signed , the Kainai were situated on the Oldman , Belly , and St. Mary rivers west of Lethbridge , Alberta . The Kainai reserve Blood 148 is currently the largest in Canada with 3,852 inhabitants on 1,414.03 km ² and is located approximately 200 kilometres south of Calgary . As of December 2013 , the Kainai Nation had a total registered population of 11,791 people .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a39536a3d2871c6e794d724811b054af", "text": "Horseshoe Canyon (Alberta) Horseshoe Canyon is a region of badlands surrounded by prairie in the province of Alberta , Canada . It is located about 17 km west of Drumheller , Alberta , along Highway 9 . The canyon gets its name from its horseshoe shape , defined by two coulees the flow into the Kneehill Creek , a tributary of the Red Deer River . The canyon 's two arms are approximately 5 km long each , extending from Highway 9 to Kneehill Creek , at two former mining communities of Dunphy and Gatine . In turn , it gives the name to the Horseshoe Canyon Formation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f8185cd51a8f05a04dbb15669eceb427", "text": "Mountain View County Mountain View County is a municipal district in Division No. 6 in the central Alberta , Canada . Located between the cities of Calgary and Red Deer within the Calgary-Edmonton corridor , its municipal office is located north of the Town of Didsbury . Mountain View County is a member of the Central Alberta Economic Partnership , Alberta Association of Municipal Districts and Counties , and the Municipal Area Partnership .", "title": "" } ]	fever
2fa6cb25da02efbfcb5f33434db7c1da	Cory Monteith was rejected when auditioning for the television series Glee.	[ { "docid": "c72d76e576d308ade67c788fa23acf0b", "text": "Cory Monteith Cory Allan Michael Monteith ( -LSB- mɒnˈtiːθ -RSB- May 11 , 1982 July 13 , 2013 ) was a Canadian actor and musician , known for his role as Finn Hudson on the Fox television series Glee . As an actor based in British Columbia , Monteith had minor roles on television series before an audition tape of him singing `` Ca n't Fight This Feeling '' resulted in him being cast on Glee . Following his success on Glee , Monteith 's film work included the movie Monte Carlo and a starring role in Sisters & Brothers . Monteith had a troubled adolescence involving substance abuse from age 13 ; he left school at age 16 . After an intervention by family and friends he entered drug rehabilitation at age 19 . In a 2011 interview with Parade magazine , he discussed his history of substance abuse as a teen , and in March 2013 , he again sought treatment for addiction . On July 13 , 2013 , he died of a toxic combination of heroin and alcohol in a Vancouver hotel room .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "4256ecc6b184a5b791ba37f290c08eeb", "text": "Glee: The Music, Volume 7 Glee : The Music , Volume 7 is the eleventh soundtrack album by the cast of the American musical television series Glee . It was released by Columbia Records on December 6 , 2011 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "77ae8b021d1611a2bee6b52f67249473", "text": "Pilot (Glee) `` Pilot '' is the pilot episode of the American television series Glee , which premiered on the Fox network on May 19 , 2009 . An extended director 's cut version aired on September 2 , 2009 . The show focuses on a high school show choir , also known as a glee club , set within the fictional William McKinley High School in Lima , Ohio . The pilot episode covers the formation of the club and introduces the main characters . The episode was directed by series creator Ryan Murphy , and written by Murphy , Brad Falchuk and Ian Brennan . Murphy selected the music featured in the episode , with the intention of maintaining a balance between showtunes and chart hits . The episode achieved 9.619 million viewers on first broadcast , and 4.2 million when the director 's cut version aired . Critical response was mixed , with The New York Times Alessandra Stanley highlighting the episode 's unoriginality and stereotyped characters , but praising the showmanship and talent of the cast . The Daily News David Hinckley opined that the show was imperfect and implausible but `` potentially heartwarming , '' while USA Today Robert Bianco noted casting and tone problems , but commented positively on the show 's humor and musical performances . Mary McNamara for the LA Times wrote that the show had a wide audience appeal , calling it : `` the first show in a long time that 's just plain full-throttle , no-guilty-pleasure-rationalizations-necessary fun . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "88d59fdfe2c26bb5682bfde39b0f4d4b", "text": "Dance with Somebody (Glee) `` Dance with Somebody '' is the seventeenth episode of the third season of the American musical television series Glee , and the sixty-first overall . Written by Ross Maxwell and directed by Paris Barclay , the episode aired on Fox in the United States on April 24 , 2012 . It is a special tribute episode to Whitney Houston , who died ten weeks earlier ( February 11 ) , and features seven of her songs . Upon its initial airing , this episode attracted 6.90 million American viewers and received a 2.7 / 8 Nielsen rating/share in the 18 -- 49 demographic , an increase of over 10 % from the 2.4 / 7 rating/share and 6.23 million viewers of the previous episode , `` Saturday Night Glee-ver '' , which was broadcast on April 17 , 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c4625e4a25b4ba5a2250dafefa718a7e", "text": "Vote for the Worst VoteForTheWorst.com ( VFTW ) was a website devoted to voting for the worst , most entertaining , most hated or quirkiest contestants on the Fox Network television series American Idol as well as the NBC Network television series The Voice . Smaller campaigns have also been started on the site for CTV 's Canadian Idol , Fox 's On the Lot and The Next Great American Band , NBC 's America 's Got Talent , and ABC 's Dancing with the Stars . The website was started in 2004 during the third season of American Idol . Vote for the Worst also had a weekly radio show that has featured guests such as Ayla Brown , Trenyce , Leslie Hunt , Steffi DiDomenicantonio , Alex Wagner-Trugman and Todrick Hall . The site closed down in June 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dbcafe600ff5efacdecd0f8510aedc5a", "text": "The Glee Club The Glee Club is a small chain of independent live stand-up comedy and live music venues in the UK . The first Glee Club was opened by Mark Tughan in Birmingham 's Chinese Quarter in 1994 , the first dedicated comedy club to open in the United Kingdom outside London . Refurbished in 2001 the Birmingham venue has two event spaces : a 420-seat main auditorium and a 150-seat studio theatre . A second branch opened in Cardiff in 2001 and is located in the Mermaid Quay development in Cardiff Bay . It has a seated capacity of 440 and a standing capacity of 600 . ITV Wales broadcast a series of eight stand up shows from the venue in 2006 . The Cardiff venue has won the Chortle Award for best venue ( Wales and West ) eight times since the awards began in 2002 . A third club opened in Oxford in April 2010 . A fourth , two room club opened in Nottingham in September 2010 . It is attached to a café bar called Café Glee . In 2014 a High Court judge ruled that the TV show Glee ` diluted and tarnished ' the reputation of The Glee Club comedy chain . In 2014 The Glee Club won the Best Comedy Club award at the Midlands Comedy Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d2445bd011e165123b33f6fbbfa08019", "text": "Pretending (Glee song) Pretending is an original song from the second season of the American musical comedy-drama Glee , entitled New York . The episode included two other original songs : `` As Long as You 're There '' and `` Light Up the World . the song was featured on the show 's Volume 6 soundtrack . The song was written by Adam Anders , Peer Astrom and Shelly Peiken .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "54e80c22c370da2f785a2abb7ce5d62a", "text": "Choke (Glee) `` Choke '' is the eighteenth episode of the third season of the American musical television series Glee , and the sixty-second overall . Written by Marti Noxon and directed by Michael Uppendahl , the episode aired on Fox in the United States on May 1 , 2012 , and features the first appearance of special guest star Whoopi Goldberg as Carmen Tibideaux , Dean of the New York Academy of Dramatic Arts ( NYADA ) , and the introduction of Puck 's father ( Thomas Calabro ) . Upon its initial airing , Choke attracted 6.01 million American viewers and received a 2.5 / 8 Nielsen rating/share in the 18 -- 49 demographic , down significantly from the 2.7 / 8 rating/share and 6.90 million viewers of the previous episode , `` Dance with Somebody '' , which was broadcast a week before .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a8f5c3bddf124c3b368fb99602b46c0c", "text": "Ian Brennan (writer) Ian Brennan ( born April 23 , 1978 ) is a television writer , actor , producer and director . He is best known for his work on the American television shows Glee and Scream Queens .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3aec8b5ed8f6a04b0faec61e1c322caa", "text": "Rising Star (U.S. TV series) Rising Star was a short-lived American reality television singing competition which began airing on ABC on June 22 , 2014 . It was based on the international franchise series Rising Star itself based on the Israeli singing competition HaKokhav HaBa ( meaning `` The Next Star '' ) made by Keshet Broadcasting Ltd. . The program format lets viewers vote for contestants via mobile apps . It was filmed live in Los Angeles . The show is also carried in Canada , with advertising simultaneous substitution and voting access on CTV . Jesse Kinch was the winner of Rising Stars first and only season with a vote of 76 % . Macy Kate holds the record of highest vote with 93 % and she came in 9th place . Daniel & Olivia hold the record of lowest vote with 6 % and they came in last place . Rising Star was cancelled after the season .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "099ee3a77bbfd07b11206802b6634ecd", "text": "Desperate Housewives Desperate Housewives is an American television comedy-drama and mystery series created by Marc Cherry , and produced by ABC Studios and Cherry Productions . It originally aired for eight seasons on ABC , from October 3 , 2004 to May 13 , 2012 . Executive producer Cherry served as showrunner . Other executive producers since the fourth season included Bob Daily , George W. Perkins , John Pardee , Joey Murphy , David Grossman , and Larry Shaw . Set on Wisteria Lane , a street in the fictional town of Fairview in the fictional Eagle State , Desperate Housewives follows the lives of a group of women as seen through the eyes of their late friend and neighbor who committed suicide in the pilot episode . The storyline covers 13 years of the women 's lives over eight seasons , set between the years 2004 -- 2008 , and later 2013 -- 2017 ( the story arc includes a five-year passage of time , as well as flashbacks ranging from the 1980s to the 2020s ) . They work through domestic struggles and family life , while facing the secrets , crimes and mysteries hidden behind the doors of their -- on the surface -- beautiful and seemingly perfect suburban neighborhood . The series features an ensemble cast , headed by Teri Hatcher as Susan Mayer , Felicity Huffman as Lynette Scavo , Marcia Cross as Bree Van de Kamp , and Eva Longoria as Gabrielle Solis . Brenda Strong narrates the series as the late Mary Alice Young , appearing sporadically in flashbacks or dream sequences . Desperate Housewives was well received by viewers and critics alike . It won multiple Primetime Emmy , Golden Globe and Screen Actors Guild Awards . From the 2004 -- 05 through the 2008 -- 09 television seasons , its first five seasons were rated amongst the top ten most-watched series . In 2007 , it was reported to be the most popular show in its demographic worldwide , with an audience of approximately 120 million and was also reported as the third most watched television series in a study of ratings in twenty countries . In 2012 , it remained the most-watched comedy series internationally based on data from Eurodata TV Worldwide , which measured ratings across five continents ; it has held this position since 2006 . Moreover , it was the third highest revenue earning series for 2010 , with $ 2.74 million per half an hour . The show was ranked at number fifty-six on Entertainment Weekly `` New TV Classics '' list . In 2011 , it was confirmed that Desperate Housewives would conclude after its eighth season ; the series finale aired on May 13 , 2012 . By the end of the series , it had surpassed Charmed as the longest running hour-long television series featuring all female leads by two episodes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "978b9bcdd515b44a4a71b1a9ebd6fb4c", "text": "South Park Is Gay! `` South Park Is Gay ! '' is the eighth episode of the seventh season and the 104th overall episode of the American animated television series South Park . It originally aired on Comedy Central in the United States on October 22 , 2003 . In it , Kyle struggles to understand a new metrosexual fad that has sprung around the men and boys of South Park and is the only one who does not want to conform to it . The episode features a parody of the TV show , Queer Eye for the Straight Guy . The episode was written and directed by series co-creator Trey Parker . In 2011 , he and co-creator Matt Stone listed it as one of the worst episodes of the series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ef40728b73ebfd1a970de366934b5718", "text": "Glee Club (British politics) The Glee Club is a traditional event in the Liberal Assembly and UK Liberal Democrat party conference , consisting of attendees singing around a piano . It is one of the most popular fringe events in British politics and was a formative event in the lives of many British political leaders , allegedly Michael Foot amongst them . Although the Glee Club has informally existed for many years , in 1967 the first songbook ( entitled After the Count was Over ) was published by the National League of Young Liberals . Songbooks have been produced since the 1975 by Liberator , and in 2009 the 20th edition of the Liberator Songbook was published -- the 27th songbook in its publishing history . It is often combined with the Liberal Revue , a series of sketches consisting mostly of in-jokes and irreverent takes on political matters .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3ab67c0a9ab4557eb48cb76b4f31ecb2", "text": "American Idol (season 9) The ninth season of American Idol premiered on January 12 , 2010 and concluded on May 26 , 2010 on Fox . Simon Cowell , Randy Jackson and Kara DioGuardi returned to the judging panel . Ellen DeGeneres joined the panel as a replacement for Paula Abdul after guest judges filled in during the auditions . Idol Gives Back also returned for the season and was held on April 21 , 2010 , during the top seven results show . The top 24 semi-finals format used in the fourth through seventh seasons also returned this season . Cowell , DioGuardi and DeGeneres all left the show after this season ended , although only Cowell 's departure was announced in advance . This was the second season where neither of the final 2 contestants had been in the bottom 2 or 3 prior to the finale , with the first being the seventh season . This was also the third consecutive season a male contestant had won , the longest streak for either gender . It was the first season since sixth season where a female made it to the finale and was also the first time since seventh season seven that both the finalists released a different song as a debut single . Lee DeWyze , a folk rocker from Mount Prospect , Illinois won the competition , beating the runner-up Crystal Bowersox . Eight contestants from this season were signed to record labels . The signed artists are Lee DeWyze , Crystal Bowersox , Casey James , Michael Lynche , Siobhan Magnus , Tim Urban , Didi Benami , and Lacey Brown .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "35b237fca326cf5af613323e3eda068d", "text": "Worst Episode Ever `` Worst Episode Ever '' is the eleventh episode of The Simpsons ' twelfth season . It first aired on the Fox network in the United States on February 4 , 2001 . In the episode , Bart and Milhouse are banned from The Android 's Dungeon after stopping Comic Book Guy from buying a box of priceless Star Wars memorabilia for $ 5 . However , when Comic Book Guy suffers a massive heart attack after Tom Savini 's show , he hires Bart and Milhouse as his replacements while he leaves his job to make friends . `` Worst Episode Ever '' was written by Larry Doyle and directed by Matthew Nastuk . The series ' staff found it hard to make Comic Book Guy seem likable , since he is usually portrayed as sarcastic and unfriendly . The episode features actor and makeup artist Tom Savini as himself . In its original broadcast , the episode was seen by approximately 10 million viewers , finishing in 27th place in the ratings the week it aired . Since its broadcast , the episode received positive reviews from critics , and Hank Azaria won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Voice-Over Performance for his performance as Comic Book Guy in the episode .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ce4832de52bdfd8ea7510dd8d372195d", "text": "Brian Gleeson (actor) Brian Gleeson ( -LSB- ˈɡliːsən -RSB- born 14 November 1987 ) is an Irish actor . In 2011 Gleeson received an Irish Film and Television Awards nomination for best supporting role on television for Love/Hate .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "adfb781e1d7bf0df497312d2d55fb56e", "text": "A Star Is Burns `` A Star Is Burns '' is the eighteenth episode of The Simpsons ' sixth season . It first aired on the Fox network in the United States on March 5 , 1995 . In the episode , Springfield decides to hold a film festival , and famed critic Jay Sherman is invited to be a judge . The story involves a crossover with the short-lived animated series The Critic . Jay Sherman was the main character on the show . The Critic was created by Al Jean and Mike Reiss , who had previously written for The Simpsons but left following the fourth season , and produced by James L. Brooks , who was also a producer for The Simpsons . The show had premiered on the American Broadcasting Company ( ABC ) network in January 1994 but was canceled despite positive critical reception . The series was switched over to Fox , and put in the timeslot directly after The Simpsons . Brooks pitched a crossover episode as a way to promote The Critic and decided that a film festival would be a good way to introduce Sherman . Matt Groening , creator of The Simpsons , reacted negatively when he heard about this episode , feeling that it was just an advertisement for The Critic , and that people would incorrectly associate the show with him . When he was unsuccessful in getting the program pulled , he had his name removed from the credits and went public with his concerns , openly criticizing James L. Brooks . The episode was directed by Susie Dietter and was the first episode to be written by Ken Keeler . Jon Lovitz , the star of The Critic , guest stars as Jay Sherman , while Maurice LaMarche ( who was also a regular on The Critic ) has a few minor roles . The episode received mixed reviews from critics , many of whom felt the crossover was out of place on the show , although Barney 's film festival entry was well received .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0fe48975c36464e491aed00bb650eead", "text": "Choir of Hope and Inspiration Choir of Hope and Inspiration is an incorporated association ( registered as Melbourne Street Choir , Inc ) formed in March 2009 under the Associations Incorporation Act 1981 ( Victoria ) . CHI is based in Collingwood , Melbourne and is the community choir formerly known by the name `` The Choir of Hard Knocks '' ( which is the main performing choir ) and ( ii ) the `` Morning Bells '' choir . Together the choirs comprise a total of approximately 70 singers , staff and volunteers . CHI is governed by a voluntary Committee of Management ( Board ) comprising Father Jeff O'Hare , Peter Wallbridge ( Secretary ) , Liliana Sanelli , Tricia Olsen and Maureen O'Reilly . Former president Anthony Palmer is the MSC 's pro bono lawyer . The board has a broad range of skills and capabilities suited to the CHI including disadvantaged and welfare sector experience , marketing , events management , business affairs and fundraising . The board is now focused on supporting and promoting the unique needs and talents of the singing members and securing the Choir 's future security and viability . Jonathan Welch is also a committee of management member and the CHI 's inaugural director of music . The CHI is currently engaged in a detailed consultancy process to determine new governing rules , procedures and policies with the choir , staff and volunteers . Following the conclusion of this process ( currently anticipated at the end of July 2009 ) , the choir body , staff and volunteers will formally become members ( as defined under the Associations Incorporation Act ) of the CHI and adopt new rules . The CHI has a Deductible Gift Recipient status and not-for-profit status with the Australian Tax Office and has now commenced fundraising activities . The CHI 's ( registered as Melbourne Street Choir , Inc 's ) corporate registration details are located at www.business.gov.au . The main performing choir made their inaugural performance at the 2009 Melbourne International Jazz Festival at Hamer Hall , Melbourne on 29 April . Following an Australian-wide search for a new name for the main performing choir via its website http://www.savethechoir.com , the main choir has since been relaunched under the name `` Choir of Hope and Inspiration '' -LSB- and first performed under that name at the Geelong Performing Arts Centre on 20 June 2009 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c2b6607f4f020c006594d30ec4bc2644", "text": "Cory Bowles Cory Bowles ( born August 27 , 1973 ) is a Canadian actor , director and choreographer . He is best known for his portrayal of `` Cory '' in the series Trailer Park Boys .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ea0309e7f83d2112efe9e93a456d59d9", "text": "Moshe Cotel Moshe Cotel ( February 20 , 1943 -- October 24 , 2008 ) was a pianist and composer whose music was strongly influenced by his Jewish roots . Cotel moved from his Jewish roots to focus on music for most of his life , and received his rabbinic ordination and synagogue pulpit in the years before his death . Morris Cotel was born February 20 , 1943 in Baltimore , and was raised in an Orthodox Jewish family . As a youth , Cotel was simultaneously enrolled in the Talmudical Academy of Baltimore and the Peabody Conservatory of the Johns Hopkins University where he studied music and took college-preparatory classes , having enrolled at the age of 9 . He wrote a 200-page symphony as a 13-year-old , to the astonishment of his piano teacher at Peabody who did not believe him until he pulled the completed score out of his bag . He earned bachelor 's and master 's degrees at the Juilliard School in New York City , in 1964 and 1965 respectively . Cotel won the American Academy in Rome Prize for music composition at age 23 , and studied art in Italy for two years . Cotel had been a professor of music composition at the Peabody Conservatory in Baltimore from 1972 , until he retired in 2000 . After moving to New York City in 1977 , he retained his position at Peabody , commuting to Baltimore on a weekly basis . A review in The New York Times of a 1977 performance at what is now the Weill Recital Hall at Carnegie Hall , opened with the statement `` That Morris Cotel is a composer-pianist of unusual capabilities seems beyond question . '' His opera Deronda was based on the title character in George Eliot 's novel Daniel Deronda , a Victorian era English Jew who combines proto-Zionism with Kabbalistic ideas . The Fire and the Mountains is a cantata he wrote that memorializes the Holocaust . The choral piece Trope for Orchestra integrated cantillation used in public readings of the Torah in synagogue . His 1985 two-act opera Dreyfus was based on the trial and conviction of the unjustly accused French officer Alfred Dreyfus and the anti-Semitism it aroused in France . In anticipation of a trip to Germany and Austria for performances of his opera Dreyfus , Cotel engaged the assistance of a Holocaust survivor from Washington Heights , Manhattan to help improve his German language skills . Cotel later met the same woman , who told him that hearing his efforts to spread the story of Alfred Dreyfus had convinced her to return to Judaism . This encounter convinced Cotel to become a rabbi . As Cotel described the encounter , `` Without knowing it , I had changed this woman 's life , and she had no idea that she had just changed mine '' . He enrolled part-time at the Academy for Jewish Religion in Riverdale shortly after his encounter in Washington Heights . He retired from the Peabody Conservatory from his position as chairman of the composition department in 2003 to devote his full-time efforts to his rabbinical studies and received his rabbinic ordination three years later . `` My religion changed from Judaism to classical music , and in adulthood it changed back again '' were the words Cotel used to describe his transformations . While playing piano in 1996 , his 3-year-old cat , Ketzel , jumped on the keyboard . Cotel transcribed the descending paw pattern and entered the score in the Paris New Music Review 's One-Minute Competition for pieces under 60 seconds , with Cotel winning honorable mention . Rabbi Cotel spent his last five years before his death as spiritual leader of Temple Beth El of Manhattan Beach , Brooklyn . Cotel died of natural causes on October 24 , 2008 at age 65 in his apartment on the Upper West Side of Manhattan home . His wife found him on the floor wearing his tallit and tefillin for the morning prayer service , and had assumed he was meditating , knowing that he preferred to pray alone each morning for two hours , before realizing that he had died peacefully .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "516df54bb65254115a160dbf7a294253", "text": "Child Star (Glee) `` Child Star '' is the ninth episode of the sixth season of the American musical television series Glee , and the 117th overall . The episode was written by Ned Martel , directed by supervising producer Michael Hitchcock , and first aired on February 27 , 2015 on Fox in the United States . The episode takes place as New Directions are hired by a young boy to perform at his bar mitzvah party , but he turns out to cause all sorts of problems . Meanwhile , Mason McCarthy is developing feelings for Jane Hayward but runs into issues with his sister Madison McCarthy , and Roderick helps Spencer Porter to begin a new relationship .", "title": "" } ]	fever
6625c2138b251abf370c2300ff4982af	At least 12 million albums outside of the United States have been sold by Snoop Dogg.	[ { "docid": "2ab31f920ee50be90ba28c612fe51676", "text": "Snoop Dogg Cordozar Calvin Broadus , Jr. ( born October 20 , 1971 ) , known professionally as Snoop Dogg ( sometimes shortened to Snoop and formerly called Snoop Doggy Dogg and Snoop Lion ) , is an American rapper and actor from Long Beach , California . His music career began in 1992 when he was discovered by Dr. Dre of N.W.A , and as a result was prominently featured throughout Dr. Dre 's solo debut album , The Chronic ( 1992 ) . He has since sold over twenty-three million albums in the United States and thirty-five million albums worldwide . Snoop 's debut album , Doggystyle , was released in 1993 under Death Row Records , debuting at number one on both the Billboard 200 and Billboard Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums charts . Selling almost a million copies in the first week of its release , Doggystyle became certified 4 × platinum in 1994 and spawned several hit singles , including `` What 's My Name ? '' and `` Gin & Juice '' . In 1994 Snoop released a soundtrack on Death Row Records for the short film Murder Was The Case , starring himself . His second album Tha Doggfather ( 1996 ) , also debuted at number one on both charts with `` Snoop 's Upside Ya Head '' , as the lead single . The album was certified double platinum in 1997 . After leaving Death Row Records , Snoop signed with No Limit Records , where he recorded his next three albums . Da Game Is to Be Sold , Not to Be Told ( 1998 ) , No Limit Top Dogg ( 1999 ) , and Tha Last Meal ( 2000 ) . Snoop then signed with Priority/Capitol/EMI Records in 2002 , where he released Paid tha Cost to Be da Boss . He then signed with Geffen Records in 2004 for his next three albums R&G ( Rhythm & Gangsta ) : The Masterpiece , Tha Blue Carpet Treatment , and Ego Trippin ' . Malice 'n Wonderland ( 2009 ) , and Doggumentary ( 2011 ) , were released on Priority . Snoop Dogg has starred in motion pictures and hosted several television shows , including Doggy Fizzle Televizzle , Snoop Dogg 's Father Hood , and Dogg After Dark . He also coaches a youth football league and high school football team . In September 2009 , Snoop was hired by EMI as the chairman of a reactivated Priority Records . In 2012 , after a trip to Jamaica , Snoop announced a conversion to the Rastafari movement and a new alias , Snoop Lion . Under the new moniker , he released a reggae album , Reincarnated , and a documentary film of the same name , of his Jamaican experience , in early 2013 . His fourteenth solo studio album , Coolaid , was released in July 2016 . Snoop Dogg holds the dubious distinction of having seventeen Grammy nominations without a win . In March 2016 , the night before WrestleMania 32 in Arlington , Texas , Snoop was inducted into the celebrity wing of the WWE Hall of Fame having made several appearances for the company , including as Master of Ceremonies during a match at Wrestlemania XXIV .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "7152ae9c006dedef1d7c59bbc167db49", "text": "Snoop Dogg discography The discography of American rapper Snoop Dogg of fifteen studio albums , four collaborative albums , seventeen compilation albums , one extended play , twenty mixtapes , 127 singles ( including seventy-four as a featured artist ) , and fourteen promotional singles . He has sold over 23.5 million albums in United States and 37 million albums worldwide . He has garnered fourteen top ten singles on the Billboard Hot 100 ( including eight as a featured artist ) . Snoop Dogg came to attention of the music industry in 1992 , through his vocal contributions on Dr. Dre 's The Chronic . That album is considered to have `` transformed the entire sound of West Coast rap '' by its development of what later became known as the `` G-funk '' sound . The Chronic expanded gangsta rap with profanity , anti-authoritarian lyrics and multi-layered samples taken from 1970 's P-Funk records . Snoop Dogg contributed vocals to Dre 's solo single , `` Deep Cover '' , which led to a high degree of anticipation among hip hop for the release of his own solo album . Snoop 's debut album , Doggystyle , was released in 1993 under Death Row Records , debuting at number one on both the Billboard 200 and Billboard Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums charts , powered by spectacular first week sales 803,000 units . Doggystyle became certified 4 × platinum in 1994 and spawned several hit singles , including `` What 's My Name ? '' , `` Gin & Juice '' and the European hit `` Doggy Dogg World '' . As of March 2008 , the album has sold 6,137,000 copies in the United States . In 1994 , Snoop released a soundtrack on Death Row Records for the short film Murder Was The Case , starring himself . Murder Was the Case debuted on the Billboard 200 at number one , selling 329,000 units in the first week sales . The following week it stayed on top with 197,000 copies sold and was certified Gold . The album is certified 2x platinum with 2,030,000 copies sold . Following to the successful release of his debut album Doggystyle ( 1993 ) , Snoop was charged with a murder . In 1995 , Snoop had been spending much time preparing for the case , which went to trial , which took place later that year . In February 1996 , he was cleared of all charges and began working on his second album , without Dr. Dre as a frequent record producer on the album . This is also Snoop 's final album on Death Row Records , under the name of Snoop Doggy Dogg . His second album Tha Doggfather ( 1996 ) , also debuted at number one on US charts and UK R&B Charts . The album was certified double platinum in 1997 . Preceding the album 's release by European singles ; `` Snoop 's Upside Ya Head '' , `` Vapors '' and `` Doggfather '' . In 1998 Snoop released Da Game Is to Be Sold , Not to Be Told it was released , by No Limit Records . It is his first album following his departure from Death Row Records . It was also his first album to be released under a slight change to his stage name `` Snoop Dogg '' for contractual reasons . The album debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 chart , selling over 520,000 copies in its first week , and remained on top for the second week selling additional 246,000 units according to SoundScan . It remained in the top ten for five weeks ; thus it was quickly certified double platinum later that year . In terms of chart success it is one of his most successful containing the singles Still a G Thang and Woof . As of March 2008 , the album has sold 2,085,000 copies in the United States . The fourth studio album , No Limit Top Dogg , was released on May 11 , 1999 . The album 's lead single `` Bitch Please '' featuring Xzibit and Nate Dogg , produced by Dr. Dre became a hit . The music video for the album 's second single `` G Bedtime Stories '' which was a success , the song was produced by Meech Wells . No Limit Top Dogg debuted at number 2 on the US Billboard 200 , selling 187,400 copies in its first week . Though it was Snoop Dogg 's first album to not debut at number one and have strong album sales for the first week , it eventually sold 1,100,000 copies by closing the year of 1999 making it the 73rd best selling album of the year . As of March 2008 , the album had sales 1,518,000 copies in the United States . The third and final album released on No Limit Records and his first album on his newly founded label Doggystyle Records , Tha Last Meal was released on December 19 , 2000 . The album included the singles `` Snoop Dogg ( What 's My Name Pt . 2 ) '' , `` Hennesey n Buddah '' featuring Kokane , `` Lay Low '' featuring Nate Dogg , `` Loosen ' Control '' and `` Wrong Idea '' featuring Bad Azz . The single `` Snoop Dogg ( What 's My Name II ) '' was nominated for Music Video of the Year at The Source Hip-Hop Music Awards 2001 . The album was nominated Album of the Year at the same ceremony . The single `` Wrong Idea '' was also included in Bad Azz 's second album Personal Business released on Doggystyle . Tha Last Meal debuted at number 9 on the US Billboard 200 , selling 397,238 copies in its first week . In the third week the album reached at number 4 in the US chart . The album topped the Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums for four consecutive weeks . In 2001 the album has sold 1,200,000 copies in the United States . Has sold over 2,068,000 copies in the United States according to Nielsen SoundScan . The sixth studio album , Paid tha Cost to Be da Bo $ $ was supported by two singles : `` From tha Chuuuch to da Palace '' featuring Pharrell and the other-Pharrell track `` Beautiful '' also featuring Charlie Wilson . The album debuted at number 12 on the US Billboard 200 , selling 174,000 copies in its first week . The album has been certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) and has sold 1,500,000 copies worldwide . The album 's lead single , titled `` From tha Chuuuch to da Palace '' featuring guest vocals from Pharrell , was released on October 15 , 2002 . The song was produced by The Neptunes . The music video for `` From tha Chuuuch to da Palace '' , was directed by Diane Martel , under the alias Bucky Chrome . The second single , `` Beautiful '' featuring Pharrell and Charlie Wilson , was released on January 28 , 2003 . The song also was produced by The Neptunes . The music video for `` Beautiful '' featuring Pharrell and Charlie Wilson ( who he did not make it to the video ) , was directed by Chris Robinson and it was released in 2003 . The video took place in Brazil . The video helped exceeded the song to become a hit on the Billboard charts . The seventh studio R&G ( Rhythm & Gangsta ) : The Masterpiece was released 2004 . `` Drop It Like It 's Hot '' featuring Pharrell , was released as the album 's lead single on September 14 , 2004 . With the production by The Neptunes , the song gained some critical attention for its very sparse production . The song essentially is just tongue clicks , keyboards and a drum machine beat , which compared to much early 2000s rap , was very minimalist . It was nominated at the Grammy Awards for Best Rap Song and Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group , though it lost both awards to the songs `` Jesus Walks '' by Kanye West and `` Let 's Get It Started '' by The Black Eyed Peas , respectively . The song reached at number 10 on the UK Singles Chart and number one on the US Billboard Hot 100 , becoming Snoop 's first US number one single . The song internationally reached the top-ten in a huge 12 countries . The second single , `` Let 's Get Blown '' featuring Pharrell , was released on December 14 , 2004 . The song was produced by The Neptunes . It did not repeat the success of `` Drop It Like It 's Hot '' , but it filled the gap between the aforementioned song and the club hit `` Signs '' . Keyshia Cole , who had not garnered a reputation at that time and was therefore left uncredited ( her contribution to the R&G song `` Pass It Pass It '' also went uncredited ) . The song samples and contains interpolations from Slave 's `` Watching You '' , which was also interpolated in `` Gin and Juice . '' The single is one of Snoop Dogg 's biggest hits in the UK for peaking at number 13 and number 54on the US Billboard Hot 100 . `` Signs '' featuring Justin Timberlake and Charlie Wilson , was released on April 25 , 2005 . The song was produced by The Neptunes . In May 2005 , the single reached at number 2 on the UK Singles Chart and number 46 on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart . However , it was more popular in Australia staying at number one on the Australian Singles Chart for two weeks . Internationally , the song reached the top-ten in 11 countries . The final single , `` Ups & Downs '' featuring Bee Gees , was released on August 15 , 2005 . The song was produced by Warryn Campbell . The song interpolates The Bee Gees ' 1979 hit `` Love You Inside Out '' . The song charted in several countries , but did n't match the success from his previous singles on the album . R&G debuted at number 6 on the US Billboard 200 chart , selling 225,000 copies in its first week . In its second week , the album fell to number 9 on the Billboard 200 , selling 203,000 copies , for a two-week total of 428,000 units . As of March 2008 , the album sales 1,724,000 copies in the United States . In 2006 , the song `` I Wan na Love You '' , a collaboration with Akon , became Snoop 's second number one on the Hot 100 . Tha Blue Carpet Treatment Snoop 's eighth studio album , was released in 2006 . Tha Blue Carpet Treatment debuted at number 5 on the US Billboard 200 , selling 264,000 copies in its first week . On the Nielsen SoundScan annual `` Best Sellers Top 100 '' rankings when the album was listed 97th with the 2006 year-end catalog closing sales number of 637,000 copies despite having been released in mid-November and its sales data is accumulated for only one and a half months . As of March 2008 , the album had sales 903,000 copies in the United States . On November 20 , 2007 he released the single `` Sexual Eruption '' peaked at number 7 on The Hot 100 . The ninth studio album Ego Trippin ' , it was released by Geffen Records on March 11 , 2008 . The album sold over 137,000 copies in its first week in the United States , debuting at number 3 on the US Billboard 200 chart . In its second week the album fell to number 7 on the Billboard 200 chart , selling 57,000 copies , for a two-week total of 194,000 units . Ego Trippin was the tenth best selling hip hop album of the year , selling 401,000 copies in the US . Malice n Wonderland is the tenth studio album by American rapper Snoop 's ; it was released on December 8 , 2009 . The album included the Billboard charts singles `` Gangsta Luv '' and `` I Wan na Rock '' . Malice n Wonderland debuted at number 23 on the US Billboard 200 , selling 61,000 copies in its opening week . It is his first album since Paid tha Cost to Be da Boss ( 2002 ) not to reach the top ten on the Billboard 200 , his lowest charting album on the US R&B / Hip-Hop charts and his only album to miss the British and Australian Top 100 . Malice n Wonderland has sold over 400,000 copies in the United States as of 2011 . In 2011 , Snoop 's was released top ten album Doggumentary , the album debuted at number eight on the US Billboard 200 chart , selling 50,000 copies in its first week in the United States . Snoop Dogg collaborated with David Guetta for a remix of the latter 's single `` Wet '' , newly titled `` Sweat '' . It topped the charts in countries such as France , Australia and Austria . In 2011 , Snoop released a soundtrack on Mac & Devin Go to High School with Wiz Khalifa . `` Young , Wild & Free '' , the soundtrack 's lead single which features Bruno Mars , and produced by The Smeezingtons , was released on October 11 , 2011 . In its first week it sold 159,000 digital copies , debuting at number 10 on the US Billboard Hot 100 , and number 44 on the Canadian Hot 100 . In 2012 , after a trip to Jamaica , Snoop announced a conversion to the Rastafari movement and a new alias , Snoop Lion '' ' . Under the new moniker , he released a reggae album , Reincarnated . As of May 2015 , the album has sold 104,000 copies in the United States . The album topped Billboard Top Reggae Albums for 34 non-consecutive weeks n His thirteenth solo studio album , Bush , was released in May 2015 . It was supported by the singles ; `` Peaches N Cream '' featuring Charlie Wilson , `` So Many Pros '' , and `` California Roll '' featuring Stevie Wonder . The album was the eighth best-selling album of the week . Bush was the sixth Snoop 's solo album to debut at number one on the Billboard '' Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums . Coolaid was released July 1 , 2016 on eOne . His latest album Neva Left was released on Doggystyle and Empire records on May 19 , 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "54f4c66110ae7ed72dac5944d1436228", "text": "Relapse (Eminem album) Relapse is the sixth studio album by American rapper Eminem . The album was released on May 19 , 2009 , under Aftermath Entertainment , Shady Records , and Interscope Records . It was his first album of original material since Encore ( 2004 ) , following a four-year hiatus from recording due to his writer 's block and an addiction to prescription sleeping medication . Recording sessions for the album took place during 2005 to 2009 at several recording studios , and Dr. Dre , Mark Batson , and Eminem handled production . Conceptually , Relapse concerns the ending of his drug rehabilitation , rapping after a non-fictional relapse , and the return of his Slim Shady alter-ego . One of the most anticipated album releases of 2009 , Relapse debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 chart , selling 608,000 copies in its first week . It produced three singles that attained chart success and has been certified double platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America . The album received mixed reviews from most music critics , who were divided in their responses towards Eminem 's lyrics . It has sold more than 2.3 million copies in the United States and more than 17 million copies worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e695ef1cf57e63fac00ef7dea7c95c8e", "text": "Toby Keith discography The discography of American country music singer Toby Keith consists of seventeen studio albums , two Christmas albums , three Greatest Hits packages and an additional compilation . He has charted 63 singles on the Billboard country charts , of which all but four reached top 40 or higher . 20 of his singles have reached number one in the United States , and 21 more have reached the Top 10 . As of December 2013 , Toby Keith has sold over 30 million albums in the US , which made him the fifth best-selling country artist in the US since 1991 when Nielsen SoundScan started tracking music sales .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2adf5c6155f1b4f424872fb6305261f2", "text": "Street Hop Street Hop is the fourth studio album by the American rapper Royce da 5 ' 9 '' , released in the United States on October 20 , 2009 , on One Records . It is the follow-up to his previous album Independent 's Day ( 2005 ) . At the release of Success Is Certain ( August 9 , 2011 ) , Street Hop sold approximately 24,000 units in the United States via HitsDailyDouble .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1c8d168628e6b70b8e3b129713cde680", "text": "Reincarnated (album) Reincarnated is the twelfth studio album by American recording artist Snoop Dogg . It is his first release under his reggae persona Snoop Lion . The album was released on April 23 , 2013 , under Berhane Sound System , Mad Decent , Vice Records and RCA Records . The album is his departure from hip hop and his debut in the reggae genre . The album 's production was handled mainly by Diplo and his group Major Lazer . The album features guest appearances from Busta Rhymes , Akon , Chris Brown , Mavado , Popcaan , Mr. Vegas , Collie Buddz , Miley Cyrus , Rita Ora , and Drake among others . The album 's production was handled by Major Lazer , Ariel Rechtshaid , 6Blocc , Dre Skull , Supa Dups and Diplo , who also served as executive producer . It is a companion project to the documentary film Reincarnated . The album was nominated at the 56th Annual Grammy Awards for Best Reggae Album .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fc537674f91ab1f4ccea2d59ac584b65", "text": "Classic Albums Live Classic Albums Live is a concert series based in Toronto , Ontario , in which musicians perform a classic rock album in its entirety . The series was founded in 2003 by Craig Martin , a musician who had previously produced a series of boutique cabaret shows as well as composed music for television and film . The musicians go to great lengths to faithfully recreate every sound on the original album . They have performed with orchestras , sitarists , choirs and schools . The shows are treated like recitals with the album being performed in its entirety followed by a ` greatest hits ' set of the featured artist . Albums that have been performed include Led Zeppelin 's Led Zeppelin , Led Zeppelin II and Led Zeppelin IV , Bruce Springsteen 's Born to Run , Supertramp 's Crime of the Century and Breakfast in America , the Rolling Stones ' Sticky Fingers and Exile on Main St. , Fleetwood Mac 's Rumours , Eagles ' Hotel California , Guns N ' Roses ' Appetite for Destruction , Pink Floyd 's The Dark Side of the Moon , Wish You Were Here , The Wall and Animals , Queen 's A Night at the Opera , and the Beatles albums Rubber Soul , Revolver , Sgt. Pepper 's Lonely Hearts Club Band , The Beatles ( AKA the `` White Album '' ) , and Abbey Road . In recent years , the series has presented concerts in a variety of cities , including Orlando , Florida , Los Angeles , Philadelphia , Akron , La Mirada , Jacksonville , Gainesville , Lakeland , Coral Springs , New York , New Jersey , Dallas , Houston , Uncasville , Connecticut , Las Vegas , Nevada , and Rochester , New York . On December 17 , 2006 , Classic Albums Live performed the entire 213-song Beatles song catalogue in one 13-hour concert at the Phoenix Concert Theatre in Toronto . A different lineup performs each album . There is a group of core musicians who are frequently part of the performances , including Nick Hildyard , Rob Phillips , Lindsay Clark , Leslea Keurvorst , Troy Feener , Clifton David , Dom Polito and Marty Morin . Occasionally , more famous Canadian musicians are brought in as well , including Mia Sheard , Kim Bingham , Nicholas Walsh , and ex-members of Moist . In some venues , they will bring in local musicians to fill needed spots . For example , on June 16 , 2006 , the group performed the Beatles ' Sgt. Pepper album at the Hard Rock Live in Orlando ; they brought in the Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra to fill in on the orchestral parts . When performing in Toronto , they usually play at Massey Hall . The producer of Classic Albums Live has created a musical called Gig which will run in 2016 . List of albums performed : The Beatles ' catalogue Led Zeppelin Led Zeppelin II Led Zeppelin IV Houses of the Holy Physical Graffiti In Through the Out Door Meddle The Dark Side of the Moon Animals Wish You Were Here The Wall A Night at the Opera Who 's Next Are You Experienced Boston Crime of the Century Breakfast in America The Last Waltz Rust Never Sleeps Harvest The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars OK Computer Ten Nevermind Regatta de Blanc Outlandos d'Amour The Joshua Tree London Calling Band on the Run Texas Flood Let It Bleed Sticky Fingers Some Girls Exile on Main St. Appetite for Destruction Highway to Hell Back in Black Born to Run Hotel California Rumours The Doors L.A. Woman Legend Pearl Paranoid Van Halen Thriller Purple Rain Nothing 's Shocking Woodstock 2112 Saturday Night Fever A Very Lennon Christmas Elton John Greatest Hits", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e1411d1b3bcf3574a6c3275328a01d35", "text": "05 Fuck Em 05 Fuck Em is a mixtape by American rapper Lil B . It was independently released on December 24 , 2013 , through Lil B 's own record label , BasedWorld Records . Intended to be spread across six discs , the mixtape is one of the longest mixtape releases by Lil B after the 676-track Free Music : The Complete MySpace Collection ( 2011 ) and 855 Song Based Freestyle Mixtape ( 2012 ) , verging on nearly six hours with 101 tracks .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "301cb3947d13ca9447bdd8ca08d2c00e", "text": "Infinity Records Infinity Records was a short-lived subsidiary of MCA Records established in New York City in 1978 . The label was conceived by MCA president Sidney Sheinberg as a way for the Los Angeles-based entertainment conglomerate to improve its presence on the East Coast . Ron Alexenberg , who had previously been the head of the Epic Records division of CBS Records ( now part of Sony Music Entertainment ) was hired as CEO . The biggest hit the Infinity label had was `` Escape '' by Rupert Holmes , which was number 1 at the end of 1979 . Other acts that had chart entries on Infinity included Dobie Gray , Hot Chocolate , New England , Orleans and Spyro Gyra . Under the distribution of MCA , the Infinity Records label released titles in the US , Canada , the UK , Japan and parts of Europe . Infinity spent lavishly but failed to earn a profit . In addition to developing new talent , Infinity also paid substantial sums to acquire established artists . Most of the established artists were unable to duplicate their previous success . In October 1979 , Infinity released Pope John Paul II Sings at the Festival of Sacrosong , an album of speeches and songs sung by Pope John Paul II in his native Polish . Due to the tremendous popularity of the new Pope , Infinity thought the record would be a major hit . The company paid a substantial fee ( which went to charity ) to the Catholic Church to obtain exclusive rights to the recording . The album briefly peaked at # 126 on the Billboard 200 albums chart , however , it received poor reviews and was quickly seen as a colossal failure . Most of the one million advance copies of the John Paul II album were returned unsold to the label , producing a huge financial loss . MCA pulled the plug on Infinity Records in November 1979 , and the Infinity catalog was immediately absorbed by the parent company . Rupert Holmes and Spyro Gyra were the only Infinity acts to be retained by MCA , and most of the label 's catalog went out of print . The collapse of Infinity also coincided with rising costs of manufacturing for vinyl LP records and a huge sales slump for the music industry . Infinity has since become known as one of the most expensive failures in the history of the record business . There are at least two other smaller record labels that also have used the name Infinity Records . One of these other labels was a subsidiary of Festival Records , which for many years was Australia 's leading independent record company , but is now also defunct . Other companies with the Infinity Records name do not have an affiliation with MCA .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "38c2c4b2a8ee2dabc22e6f59e4c9f5a5", "text": "E=MC² (Mariah Carey album) E = MC ² is the eleventh studio album by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey . It was released in the United States on April 15 , 2008 by Island Records . The singer began recording the album in 2007 in Anguilla , after writing and composing most of its material during and after her 2006 Adventures of Mimi Tour . Carey worked with several notable songwriters and producers during the course of the project , including Jermaine Dupri , Bryan-Michael Cox , Stargate , The-Dream , Tricky Stewart , Scott Storch and Danja . The album revealed a more personal side of the singer , illustrated in its declarative theme of emancipation from her previous marriage , and from her personal and professional setbacks . Although it shared similar vocal production as well as an inclination to her signature pop and R&B ballads , the album also encompassed a variety of dance-oriented and uptempo styles . It was meant to be a continuation , or a second part of her tenth studio album , The Emancipation of Mimi ( 2005 ) . Carey collaborated with a number of artists on the album , including T-Pain , Damian Marley and Young Jeezy . Though considered by critics very similar to the formula its predecessor had been built on , E = MC ² included other genres she had never explored , such as reggae , and her continued recording of gospel-influenced hymns . E = MC ² was generally well received by music critics , with many complimenting the record 's broad genre influences , and musical and production styles . Some critics , however , felt that the album was too similar to The Emancipation of Mimi , and did n't offer anything new from the formula . The album debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 with opening week sales of 463,000 copies ; the highest first-week sales of Carey 's career . It opened inside the top-five on the albums chart in Australia , Canada , Switzerland and the United Kingdom . The album achieved worldwide sales of over 2.5 million copies . Four singles were commission in promotion of the album . The album 's lead single , `` Touch My Body '' , became Carey 's eighteenth chart topper on the Billboard Hot 100 , making her the solo artist with the most number one singles in United States history , surpassing the record held by Elvis Presley . Additionally , it gave Carey her 79th week atop the chart , tying Presley for most weeks at number one . It achieved strong worldwide charting , peaking within the top five of the singles charts in Italy , Japan , New Zealand , Switzerland and the United Kingdom . `` Bye Bye '' served as the album 's second release . Although hailed by critics , and expected to have achieved large commercial success , the song stalled at number nineteen on the Hot 100 , and managed to chart weakly internationally . Both the third and fourth singles , `` I 'll Be Lovin ' U Long Time '' and `` I Stay in Love '' failed to garner success in any prominent music market .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c08c87fd6a99eb0d2b23b7caf375cd3f", "text": "List of Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles of 2007 The Billboard Hot 100 is a chart that ranks the best-performing singles of the United States . Published by Billboard magazine , the data are compiled by Nielsen SoundScan based collectively on each single 's weekly physical and digital sales , and airplay . In 2007 , 17 singles reached the top spot on the chart . An 18th single , Beyoncé Knowles ' `` Irreplaceable '' , began a run at the top in 2006 which continued into 2007 . In 2007 , eight acts achieved their first US number-one single , either as a lead artist or featured guest : Maroon 5 , Avril Lavigne , Mims , Plain White T 's , Sean Kingston , Soulja Boy Tell 'Em , T-Pain , and Yung Joc . Producer Timbaland earned his first number-one single as lead artist with `` Give It to Me '' ; he had previously appeared as featured guest on singer Nelly Furtado 's number-one single `` Promiscuous '' . T-Pain , Justin Timberlake , Nelly Furtado and Fergie each earned two number-one singles , either as a lead artist or featured guest . Three number-one singles tied for the longest run on the chart in 2007 : Knowles ' `` Irreplaceable '' , Rihanna 's `` Umbrella '' , and Soulja Boy Tell 'Em 's `` Crank That ( Soulja Boy ) '' all topped the chart for seven weeks ; the last of these was non-consecutive . However , `` Irreplaceable '' , which started its peak position in three issues the previous year , is credited to by Billboard magazine as 2006 's longest-running single . To this effect , `` Umbrella '' and `` Crank That ( Soulja Boy ) '' are the longest-running singles of 2007 . Other singles with extended chart runs include singer Alicia Keys ' `` No One '' which stayed at number one for five straight weeks . `` Irreplaceable '' is the best-performing single of the calendar year , topping the Year-End Hot 100 singles of 2007 for seven consecutive weeks . Band Maroon 5 's `` Makes Me Wonder '' is noted for its jump from 64th to 1st place on the Billboard Hot 100 , making it the largest leap of 2007 . `` Umbrella '' , which occupied the top slot for seven of summer 's thirteen weeks , has been credited by the music press as 2007 's Song of the Summer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8361d4693f917e7d08e2af3d2d6193c7", "text": "So Fly (213 song) `` So Fly '' is a song performed by American Hip Hop supergroup 213 , which consisted of Snoop Dogg , Warren G and Nate Dogg . was released on July 6 , 2004 as the first single of his debut studio album The Hard Way , with the record label TVT Records . The song was produced by Spike & Jamahl and Missy Elliott . It uses the same backing track as another Elliott-produced song , So Gone which had been released by Monica the previous year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "99beda9d496396ec6662696f75082983", "text": "La La La (Snoop Lion song) `` La La La '' is a song by American rapper Snoop Lion ( mainly known as Snoop Dogg ) , taken from Snoop Lion 's twelfth studio album Reincarnated ( 2013 ) . The song was written by Snoop , Ariel Rechtshaid , Ken Boothe , Thomas Pentz , Joelle Clarke and William Cole , with production handled by Major Lazer and Dre Skull . `` La La La '' was released on July 20 , 2012 as the promotional single from the album .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e4ee30388913b4554bc57325c9eda82c", "text": "Kam (rapper) Craig A. Miller ( born October 24 , 1970 in Los Angeles , California ) , better known by his stage name Kam is an American political emcee known primarily among hip hop fans and music critics during the 1990s & early 2000s . He is known for his Nation of Islam-influenced lyrics and NOI membership , and affiliation with his cousin , fellow West Coast emcee Ice Cube . He is also known for his powerfully commanding baritone voice and knack for using multisyllabic rhymes . He has only released two albums since his well-received 1993 debut album Neva Again . That album featured inflammatory anti-government lyrics and hit single `` Peace Treaty , '' a song about the 1992 Watts gang treaty . The song reached # 2 on the Hot Rap Singles chart in 1993 . His first appearance on record was with the song `` Every Single Weekend '' from the 1991 Boyz n the Hood soundtrack . Since then , he has collaborated with artists including Ice Cube , Snoop Dogg , Coolio , E-40 , Erick Sermon , MC Ren , C-Bo , K9Compton , DJ Quik , DJ Pooh , Tha Eastsidaz , Method Man , KRS-One , Public Enemy , Nate Dogg , Warren G , Dogg Pound , Xzibit , Tyrese , Tank , George Clinton , Dresta , B.G. Knocc Out , Yukmouth , and Glasses Malone among many others . He has released music on two record labels , East West Records and JCOR Entertainment . He is currently signed to his own record label , HEREAFTER RECORDS , and plans to release his fourth solo album . He is also currently a member of Snoop Dogg 's West Coast supergroup The Warzone with MC Eiht and Goldie Loc . Kam and his biological younger brother , `` Yung Bruh '' , are also a NOI-based rap group called , Fruit Pruno . Their self-titled album was released during the NOI 's Saviour 's Day 2010 summit ( specifically on February 28 , 2010 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bad6673fcb603b9a86808a8f7c5301e8", "text": "Busta Rhymes Trevor George Smith Jr. ( born May 20 , 1972 ) , better known by his stage name Busta Rhymes , is an American rapper , actor , record producer and record executive . Chuck D of Public Enemy gave him the moniker Busta Rhymes , after NFL wide receiver George `` Buster '' Rhymes . He is widely known for his outlandish style and fashion sense depicted in several highly innovative music videos as well as his intricate rhyming technique , rapping at a high rate of speed with heavy use of internal rhyme and half rhyme , and to date has received 11 Grammy Award nominations for his musical work . About.com included him on its list of the 50 Greatest MCs of Our Time ( 1987 -- 2007 ) , while Steve Huey of AllMusic called him one of the best and most prolific rappers of the 1990s . In 2012 , The Source placed him on their list of the Top 50 Lyricists of All Time . MTV has called him `` one of hip-hop 's greatest visual artists . '' Busta Rhymes was an original member of Leaders of the New School . He later went on and founded the record label Conglomerate ( initially Flipmode Entertainment ) and production crew The Conglomerate ( formerly Flipmode Squad ) . In November 2011 , Busta Rhymes signed a deal with Cash Money Records . On July 23 , 2014 , Busta Rhymes announced that he left Cash Money Records due to creative differences and was no longer on Republic . In 2016 Rhymes signed with Epic for his upcoming album due to be released in early 2017 . He has so far released nine studio albums , with the first being the 1996 platinum-selling album The Coming . His list of hit singles include `` Woo Hah !! Got You All in Check '' , `` Put Your Hands Where My Eyes Could See '' , `` Dangerous '' , `` Turn It Up ( Remix ) / Fire It Up '' , `` Gim me Some More '' , `` What 's It Gon na Be ?! '' , `` Pass the Courvoisier , Part II '' , `` I Know What You Want '' and `` Touch It '' , among several others .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "479280f5a25c9b53d3677a3966dcb19e", "text": "List of awards and nominations received by Snoop Dogg The following is a list of awards and nominations received by American rapper Snoop Dogg .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6ea9e808945b77bf91c437c26c42804e", "text": "Eddie Dee discography The discography of Eddie Dee , a Puerto Rican singer-songwriter and recording artist , consists of two studio albums , two compilation albums , a mixtape , and two recopilation albums as of December 2015 . Eddie Dee began his career in 1990 and launched his debut studio album three years later . His second album became popular in Puerto Rico and was titled Tagwut in 1997 . It featured the hit single `` Señor Official '' . His following releases El Terrorista de la Lírica ( 2000 ) and Biografía ( 2001 ) , too enjoyed underground success . The 2004 album 12 Discípulos is regarded as `` the greatest reggaetón various artist album of all time '' . The album features songs by some of the most successful reggaetón artist , including the intro of the album , where they all come together as one to show that `` unity is needed for the genre reggaetón to survive and evolve '' . It was a collaboration between eleven other artist including Daddy Yankee , Tego Calderon , Ivy Queen , and Vico C among others , who were among the most requested at the time . The track , known as `` Los 12 Discípulos '' or `` Quítate Tu Pa ' Ponerme Yo '' reached number eight on the Billboard Tropical Songs chart , and was nominated for a 2005 Billboard Latin Music Award for `` Tropical Airplay Track of the Year , New Artist '' . The album itself reached number one on the Billboard Tropical Albums chart for three nonconsecutive weeks .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4253902e64dba121ab094e4321435d28", "text": "Tha Dogg Pound discography This is the discography of Tha Dogg Pound , an American rap group .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e82ff384d63ad18424b75932c4d87911", "text": "Dub music Dub is a genre of music that grew out of reggae in the 1960s , and is commonly considered a subgenre , though it has developed to extend beyond the scope of reggae . Music in this genre consists predominantly of instrumental remixes of existing recordings and is achieved by significantly manipulating and reshaping the recordings , usually by removing the vocals from an existing music piece , and emphasizing the drum and bass parts ( this stripped-down track is sometimes referred to as a riddim ) . Other techniques include dynamically adding extensive echo , reverb , panoramic delay , and occasional dubbing of vocal or instrumental snippets from the original version or other works . It was an early form of popular electronic music . Dub was pioneered by Osbourne `` King Tubby '' Ruddock , Lee `` Scratch '' Perry , Errol Thompson and others in the late 1960s . Augustus Pablo is credited with bringing the melodica to dub , and is also among the pioneers and creators of the genre . Similar experiments with recordings at the mixing desk outside of the dancehall environment were also done by producers Clive Chin and Herman Chin Loy . These producers , especially Ruddock and Perry , looked upon the mixing console as an instrument , manipulating tracks to come up with something new and different . Dub has influenced many genres of music , including rock ( most significantly the subgenre of post-punk and other kinds of punk ) , pop , hip hop , disco , and later house , techno , ambient , electronic dance music , and trip hop . Dub has become a basis for the genres of jungle and drum and bass Traditional dub has survived , and some of the originators , such as Lee `` Scratch '' Perry and Mad Professor , continue to produce new material .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b0fc30a5739f8ff1b07ecb923fb65af3", "text": "Ho Ho Ho Ho Ho Ho , also known as VH-1 Presents RuPaul : Ho Ho Ho , is a 1997 Christmas album and third overall by American singer and drag queen RuPaul . It was released on October 28 , 1997 by Rhino ; it is RuPaul 's first album featuring Christmas music and serves as a follow-up to Foxy Lady ( 1996 ) . RuPaul co-produced the album with American music producers Fenton Bailey and Randy Barbato , who both work for the production company World of Wonder . Ho Ho Ho consists of ten tracks , including eleven covers of Christmas standards and carols , and three original songs written by Joe Carrano and the singer . The album was frequently referenced as an example of camp though RuPaul did specify that he recorded several more serious covers , specifically `` All Alone on Christmas '' and `` Hard Candy Christmas '' . Upon release , critics gave generally positive reviews of the album , praising its cheerful and humorous composition . However , some commentators responded negatively to the record 's use of humor and the clarity of its overall message . It was also included in a parody list discussing the alt-right , the `` War on Christmas '' , and bathroom bills . The album was moderately successful in the United States , peaking at number 27 on the Heatseekers Albums Billboard chart . It sold a little over 4,000 copies in one week . In support of the record , RuPaul filmed a television special as a part of his VH1 talk show The RuPaul Show ( 1996 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f501bca0cd78ba1f30657e298cc11aa4", "text": "List of Billboard 200 number-one albums of 1983 The Billboard 200 , published in Billboard magazine , is a weekly chart that ranks the highest-selling music albums and EPs in the United States . In 1983 , the name of the chart was Top LPs & Tape . Before Nielsen SoundScan began tracking sales in 1991 , Billboard estimated sales from a representative sampling of record stores nationwide , using telephone , fax or messenger service . Data were based on rankings made by the record stores of the best-selling records , not on actual sales figures . There were six number-one albums on this chart in 1983 , including the debut album of the Australian band Men at Work , Business as Usual , which spent the last seven weeks of 1982 and the first eight weeks of 1983 at number one , and was certified quadruple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) in 1984 . Thriller , the sixth studio album by recording artist Michael Jackson , was released on November 1982 . It peaked at number one for twenty-two non-consecutive weeks in 1983 with another fifteen consecutive weeks at the top into the following year , and seven songs from the album became top ten singles between late 1982 and early 1984 . Two of them : `` Billie Jean '' and `` Beat It '' , reached the top position of the Billboard Hot 100 . Thriller won eight Grammy Awards , including Album of the Year at the 26th Grammy Awards , and was the best-selling album of 1983 with more than fifteen million copies sold . In 2008 , twenty-five years after its release , the record was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame , and a few weeks later , it was among twenty-five recordings preserved by the Library of Congress to the National Recording Registry as `` culturally significant '' . Flashdance , the soundtrack to the 1983 musical and romance film of the same name , peaked at number one for two weeks and won the Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack Album for a Motion Picture . The two singles released from the album , `` Flashdance ... What a Feeling '' by Irene Cara , and `` Maniac '' by Michael Sembello , reached the top of the singles chart in 1983 . The New York Times considered the British band The Police to be the year 's most influential rock band . Australian , British , and American bands copied the white-reggae formula of their ( The Police 's ) earlier successes . The group released their fifth and final studio album , Synchronicity , in 1983 . The album , a varied accomplished blend of rock , funk , and third-world rhythms , stayed at number one for seventeen weeks and was certified four times platinum by the RIAA in 1984 . Metal Health , the third album by heavy metal band Quiet Riot , peaked at number one for one week , becoming the first heavy metal record to reach the top of the Billboard 200 . Singer-songwriter Lionel Richie released his second album Ca n't Slow Down in 1983 , which spent three weeks at the top and won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year at the 27th Grammy Awards .", "title": "" } ]	fever
d43dc2f7cbe942d945a164b047e8769a	Ottawa is the birthplace of Justin Trudeau.	[ { "docid": "d2b730ed29505647325a519e9f6f90a9", "text": "Justin Trudeau Justin Pierre James Trudeau ( born December 25 , 1971 ) is a Canadian politician . He is the 23rd and current Prime Minister of Canada and leader of the Liberal Party . The second youngest prime minister after Joe Clark , he is also , as the eldest son of former Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau , the first to be related to a previous holder of the post . Born in Ottawa , Trudeau attended Collège Jean-de-Brébeuf and graduated from McGill University in 1994 and the University of British Columbia in 1998 . He gained a high public profile in October 2000 , when he delivered a eulogy at his father 's state funeral . After graduating , he worked as a teacher in Vancouver , British Columbia . He completed one year of an engineering program at Montreal 's École Polytechnique before quitting in 2003 . In 2005 he began a master 's degree in environmental geography at McGill University but quit after one year . He used his public profile to advocate for various causes and acted in the 2007 TV miniseries The Great War . Eight years after his father 's death , Trudeau entered politics . In the 2008 federal election , he was elected to represent the riding of Papineau in the House of Commons . In 2009 , he was appointed the Liberal Party 's critic for youth and multiculturalism , and the following year , became critic for citizenship and immigration . In 2011 , he was appointed as critic for secondary education and youth and amateur sport . Trudeau won the leadership of the Liberal Party in April 2013 and went on to lead his party to victory in the 2015 federal election , moving the 3rd-placed Liberals from 36 seats to 184 seats , the largest-ever numerical increase by a party in a Canadian election .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "e432359ea7f5c5cee055bdaadf72cfd7", "text": "Ottawa Folklore Centre The Ottawa Folklore Centre was an instrument and music store in Ottawa , the national capital of Canada . It closed in July 2015 due to bankruptcy . It mostly sold stringed instruments , such as guitars , banjos , basses , and many uncommon ethnic instruments . It sells mostly acoustic guitars , although it does sell electric guitars and amplifiers . The Ottawa Folklore Centre published books of Canadian music . Titles include : Coast to Coast Fever ( out of print ) ; All the Diamonds , an early collection of songs by Bruce Cockburn ; The Stan Rogers Songbook ; Roma McMillan 's Valley Waltzes ( out of print ) ; Rumours of Glory , the second collection of songs by Bruce Cockburn ; The Canadian Pub Caroler , edited by Shelley Posen four part rare Christmas songs ; Maddie 's Beginner Tin Whistle Method and The Music of Canoesongs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "28445d0b7a18010e7c1d05d4d6c20d3a", "text": "Provinces and territories of Canada Canada 's geography is divided into administrative divisions known as provinces and territories that are responsible for delivery of sub-national governance . When Canada was formed in 1867 , three provinces of British North America -- New Brunswick , Nova Scotia and the Province of Canada ( which , on the formation of Canada , was divided into Ontario and Quebec ) -- were united to form a federated colony , which eventually became a sovereign nation in the next century . Over its history , Canada 's international borders have changed several times , and the country has grown from the original four provinces to the current ten provinces and three territories . The ten provinces are Alberta , British Columbia , Manitoba , New Brunswick , Newfoundland and Labrador , Nova Scotia , Ontario , Prince Edward Island , Quebec , and Saskatchewan . Several of the provinces were former British colonies , and Quebec was originally a French colony , while others were added as Canada grew . The three territories are Northwest Territories , Nunavut , and Yukon , which govern the rest of the area of the former British North America . Together , the provinces and territories make up the world 's second-largest country by area . The major difference between a Canadian province and a territory is that provinces receive their power and authority from the Constitution Act , 1867 ( formerly called the British North America Act , 1867 ) , whereas territorial governments have powers delegated to them by the Parliament of Canada . The powers flowing from the Constitution Act are divided between the federal government and the provincial governments to exercise exclusively . A change to the division of powers between the federal government and the provinces requires a constitutional amendment , whereas a similar change affecting the territories can be performed unilaterally by the Parliament of Canada or government . In modern Canadian constitutional theory , the provinces are considered to be co-sovereign divisions and each province has its own `` Crown '' represented by the lieutenant governor . The territories are not sovereign , but simply part of the federal realm , and have a commissioner who represents the federal government . __ TOC __", "title": "" }, { "docid": "71d6da1834f407bf13686e741b70c0dc", "text": "List of elections in the Province of Canada The Province of Canada was the union of Canada West ( formerly Upper Canada and later Ontario ) and Canada East ( formerly Lower Canada and later Quebec ) . The Province of Canada held 8 unique elections from 1841 to 1863 before Confederation . While party lines were somewhat blurred , there were political parties . There are many examples of groups of MPs going against the party line , or splitting a party into two . A good example of this is when a number of Liberal MPs supported John A. Macdonald , a Conservative , and his idea for Canadian Confederation , many other Liberal Party members were opposed to Confederation . After the establishment of the double majority principle , any bill , in order to be passed , needed a majority of MPs from both Canada West and Canada East . This sometimes led to coalitions between Ontario Liberals and Quebec Tories , or vice versa . The elections listed below are divided into `` Left '' or `` Reformer '' camps , and `` Right '' or `` Conservative '' camps .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7c537128634c59762e67083986169df9", "text": "Capital Pride (Ottawa) The Ottawa Capital Pride Festival ( Fierté dans la capitale ) is the annual Pride event in Canada 's National Capital Region , which includes the cities of Ottawa , Ontario and Gatineau , Quebec . It has been held annually since 1986 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "98310b277044da4aec695e2cb49f4804", "text": "Joseph Merrill Currier Joseph Merrill Currier ( 1820 -- April 22 , 1884 ) was a Canadian member of parliament and businessman . He was born in North Troy , Vermont in 1820 and moved to Canada in 1837 , where he began work in the timber trade . In the late 1850s and early 1860s , he set up a sawmill and gristmill operation at Manotick , Ontario with Moss Kent Dickinson . He also operated his own lumber business in New Edinburgh from 1853 to the late 1860s and was a partner in the Wright , Batson and Currier Company with Alonzo Wright which operated a saw mill at Hull , Quebec . In 1868 , Currier built a house at 24 Sussex Drive , for his third wife Hannah Wright ( granddaughter of Philemon Wright ) , which is now used as the official residence for the Prime Minister of Canada . Currier named the house Gorffwysfa , Welsh for place of rest . Currier became a member of the city council for Ottawa in the 1860s . In 1863 , he was elected as a representative for Ottawa in the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada . He supported Confederation and continued to represent Ottawa in the Parliament of Canada until 1882 . During that period , he was forced to resign on April 16 , 1877 because his firms had done business with the government of Canada ; he was re-elected in a by-election on May 9 , 1877 . From 1872 to 1877 , he was president of the Citizen Printing and Publishing Company which produced the Ottawa Daily Citizen . He also was president of two railway companies in the Ottawa area , the Ottawa and Gatineau Valley Railway and the Ontario and Quebec Railway . He was also connected with many other companies in the construction , banking and insurance industries . He began encountering financial problems in the 1870s and , in 1878 , when the saw mill in Hull burned , he was bankrupt . He was appointed postmaster of Ottawa in May 1882 . He died in 1884 in New York City and is buried in Beechwood Cemetery . Currier had three wives : Christina Wilson whom he married in 1846 and who died in 1858 ; Anne `` Annie '' Elizabeth Crosby ; and Hannah Wright , daughter of Ruggles Wright , whom he married in 1868 . He married his second wife in January 1861 and brought her to Manotick a month later . While viewing the machinery in the mill , Anne 's dress became caught in the turbine shaft and she was thrown against a post and died . Currier is said to have never visited Manotick again and he cut his ties to the business there in 1863 . According to local legend , Anne 's ghost continues to haunt Watson 's Mill in Manotick .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4be388d29d04b48d11d445d2729a877f", "text": "St. Bartholomew's Anglican Church (Ottawa) St. Bartholomew 's Anglican Church is a place of worship in Ottawa , Ontario , Canada . The building was constructed in the latter half of the 19th century and serves the surrounding neighbourhoods . Additionally , St. Bartholomew 's is , due to its location next to Rideau Hall , the place of worship for various Governors General of Canada ( whether or not of the Anglican faith ) and some members of the Canadian Royal Family . It is also the regimental chapel of the Governor General 's Foot Guards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ef371664e1955eb148bf42478901821f", "text": "Green Island (Rideau River) Green Island in Ottawa , Ontario , Canada , is an island at the junction of the Rideau River , just off Sussex Drive in Ottawa at the Rideau Falls at the confluence with the Ottawa River . It is situated near the neighbourhood of New Edinburgh . To the west of the island is the National Research Council , and the Global Affairs Canada ( formerly Foreign Affairs , Trade and Development Canada ) ; to the east is 24 Sussex Drive and the embassy of France . On either side of the falls are facilities for a hydroelectric power plant . Down the Rideau river are the ruins of a rail bridge that once led to Ottawa 's Union Station .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "88cb5b2986145b369a03d29f0aab5b6f", "text": "Chapel Hill, Ottawa Chapel Hill is a neighborhood in the east end Ottawa , Ontario , Canada within the community of Orleans . It is considered an outer-suburb of Ottawa , and before the 2001 amalgamation of the city of Ottawa , it was part of the former City of Gloucester . Chapel Hill consists of mostly single family homes situated next to the National Capital Commission ( NCC ) Greenbelt and surrounding rural areas . The area is divided into two parts by Innes Road : Chapel Hill North and Chapel Hill South . According to the 2011 Census , the population of Chapel Hill is 15,917 people , with 7,396 in the south and 8,521 in the north .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "27669be19602c6ac71aae24e0afeb7aa", "text": "Frost Building The Frost Building is a curved 7 and 6 storey office building complex on the south east side of Queen 's Park Crescent in Toronto , Ontario , Canada . The building is owned by the Government of Ontario and is part of the large Queen 's Park campus . The Frost Building is home to various ministries of the Ontario government , primarily the Ministries of Finance and Infrastructure . It is divided into a north block ( 6 storey building was home , in 2014 , to parts of the Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Infrastructure ) and a south block ( 7 storey Frost Building ) , with the north block located on 95 Grosvenor Street and the south block located on 7 Queen 's Park Crescent . A five storey glass walkway connects the two blocks from the 2nd and 6th floors . The Frost Building is also commonly referred to as the Ontario Treasury Building . The south block of the building has seven floors ; the top floor housing the Office of the Minister of Finance and the Office of the Deputy Minister of Finance . The current Finance Minister of Ontario is Charles Sousa and the Deputy Minister of Finance is Scott Thompson . The building is a landmark of modern office building architecture in Canada , dating from the early 1950s . It was one of the first totally `` modern look '' buildings without any of the fancy curlicues of older buildings . It was also original in that it follows the curve of the street on which it resides . It is named for former Premier of Ontario Leslie Frost . The north block was built in the 1960s as an addition to the South Block . The Ontario Firefighters ' Memorial is located in a small parkette to the southwest corner of the building . Other government buildings nearby include : Ontario Government Buildings - Hearst , Mowat and Hepburn Blocks Whitney Block Ontario Power Building - shares the curve building design with the Frost Building The building is served by the Queen 's Park ( TTC ) subway station to the southwest corner .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3583bfc33933b0532a9448921c5cc29b", "text": "Demographics of Ontario Ontario , one of the 13 provinces and territories of Canada , is located in east-central Canada . It is Canada 's most populous province by a large margin , accounting for nearly 40 percent of all Canadians , and is the second-largest province in total area . Ontario is fourth-largest in total area when the territories of the Northwest Territories and Nunavut are included . It is home to the nation 's capital city , Ottawa , and the nation 's most populous city , Toronto .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0f7f7e05d9ec330c4e94a7e6ba32a1b9", "text": "Trudeauism Trudeauism refers to the liberal-socialist ideology associated with former Liberal Party of Canada leader and Prime Minister of Canada Pierre Elliott Trudeau . Trudeauism involves social liberal , economic nationalist and Canadian nationalist policies . Trudeauism supports social justice , advocating a just society . It is concerned with historical dienfranchisement for cultural and linguistic minorities in Canada , such as Francophones and advocates bilingualism and multiculturalism in Canada though it opposes distinct society status for Quebec as advocated by some Canadian federalists . Trudeau 's policy on First Nations affairs included the White Paper that controversially advocated the end of economic and political autonomy of First Nations within Canada that had been granted for centuries , this policy failed and was later removed from the Trudeau government 's agenda .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a9437b1023af49341e9ac1545dd0b60d", "text": "Place Bell Place Bell is one of the tallest buildings in Ottawa , Canada ( the fifth tallest in the downtown area ) with a height of 94 m . The 27-storey building stands on Elgin Street in downtown Ottawa , and is distinguishable by its wide stature ( the building is unusually large in dimensions considering its height , presumably to avoid having a 50 + storey building greatly overshadow the Peace Tower ) . The building was built by Olympia and York in 1971 as the Ottawa headquarters of Bell Canada . The site originally contained a number of small commercial buildings and the large Gloucester Street Convent . Original plans called for the complex to be much larger and include the entire block to the north . This would have entailed demolishing several heritage buildings , including the First Baptist Church . The main level contains a shopping concourse with a number of businesses . The rear of the structure contains a parking garage . In the 1980s the owners sued the city after salt placed on the roads by the city corroded the steel structure of the garage and it had to be closed for several years . Bell , which remains the building 's largest tenant , owned the building until 1998 , when it was sold to TrizecHahn for $ 17 million . After the purchase , TrizecHahn conducted significant renovations . In 2002 it was bought by H&R Real Estate Investment Trust for $ 21.1 million . Place Bell was featured prominently in the opening title sequence of the Ottawa-made TV series You Ca n't Do That On Television as a building labelled `` Television Network '' , where a school bus pulls up to the front door and a number of children flood out and into the building , trampling the doorman ( played by Les Lye ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8ca78c58c3213311aa608a75e6ddbf98", "text": "Confederation Boulevard Confederation Boulevard ( Boulevard de la Confédération ) is a `` ceremonial and discovery route '' in Canada 's National Capital Region , running through Parliament Hill and encompassing downtown areas in Ottawa and Gatineau . Some of Canada 's most important institutions and landmarks lie along its route . During state visits , Confederation Boulevard is toured by foreign dignitaries . On Canada Day , much of Confederation Boulevard is closed to cars . Confederation Boulevard is an initiative of the National Capital Commission ( NCC ) . The route 's name commemorates Canadian Confederation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4aa270e42ee550ff5b092a1367dc96f2", "text": "Minto Metropole The Minto Metropole is a 33 story residential building in the Westboro neighbourhood of Ottawa , Ontario . At 108m , it is the second tallest building in Ottawa ; five metres shorter than Place de Ville Tower C . It is the tallest residential building in the National Capital Region . The Minto Metropole is located on the near western side of the city on Island Park Drive , overlooking the Ottawa River , and within walking distance of Westboro Station . Opened in 2004 , the postmodern tower is home to 153 condominiums . Originally , Minto planned to build a series of shorter towers along the waterfront , but residents complained that such a project would completely obscure their view of the river . As a result , Minto proposed building a single tall but slim tower , and city council approved the necessary rezoning .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d9fb74d777b61f7722bdcc4dd7487238", "text": "Centretown News Centretown News is a newspaper in Ottawa published by Carleton University 's school of journalism , distributed to the neighbourhood north of the school , called Centretown . Its publisher is Klaus Pohle , an associate professor of journalism at the school and supervisor of undergraduate studies for the journalism program . Second in command is professor and veteran journalist Randy `` the Boz '' Boswell . The paper is run by journalism students . They write the stories , solicit advertising , lay out the pages and edit the newspaper before it hits the streets . Students in the third year of Carleton 's journalism program are required to do a reporting stint at the paper . In fourth year , students can take an optional half-credit course for a semester at the paper , where they work at rotational job postings ; for instance , a student who works as the arts reporter for one issue could be the editor-in-chief for the next . These postings usually last two issues , but some students choose to stay at the same job . Students in the Masters journalism program can also take a course at Centretown News . They manage the editorial sections and grade the undergraduates on their performance . Centretown News ' website says the circulation of the newspaper is 17,000 . It is distributed free of charge to the neighbourhood bordered by the Ottawa River in the north , the Queensway freeway in the south , the Rideau Canal in the east and a railroad right-of-way in the west . It is published twice a month between September and April .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "202d76e9af1b4817cef96a8df779574b", "text": "List of neighbourhoods in Ottawa In 2001 , the old city of Ottawa was amalgamated with the suburbs of Nepean , Kanata , Gloucester , Rockcliffe Park , Vanier and Cumberland , and the rural townships of West Carleton , Osgoode , Rideau and Goulbourn , along with the systems and infrastructure of the Regional Municipality of Ottawa-Carleton , to become one municipality . The city is now organized into 23 wards . This is a list of neighbourhoods and outlying communities within the City of Ottawa , Ontario , Canada .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d03b001dec00eeceb33c580955fc7d1b", "text": "C. D. Howe Building The C.D. Howe Building ( French : Édifice C.D.-Howe ) is an office tower in Ottawa , Ontario , Canada , that is the home of Innovation , Science and Economic Development Canada , the Office of the Auditor General and other smaller tenants . It was built by Olympia and York . The federal government sold the land to O&Y for a dollar and signed an agreement to lease the final building for a set rate until 2012 . The eleven-story building was opened in 1978 . It was named after C. D. Howe , a noted federal minister in the 1930s , 1940s and 1950s . It is located at the prominent intersection of Bank Street and Sparks Street . The lower levels of the building contain a shopping mall named 240 Sparks . The mall covers 3 floors with 50 stores including a Holt Renfrew store ( closed 2015 ) . The most notable element of the building 's interior is the amount of greenery and the large waterfall . Public Works and Government Services greened the rooftop to address environmental concerns including energy conservation , storm water management , biodiversity , and air quality , and to provide the occupants a landscaped tranquil outdoor space . More than 30 % of the roof is landscaped and grows indigenous flowers , grasses and shrubs . Another 30 % of the rooftop uses green roof technology . The C.D. Howe Building was included amongst other architecturally interesting and historically significant buildings in Doors Open Ottawa in both 2012 and 2014 . The two elevator banks contain two storey tall cars that rise in a large atrium that stretches the entire height of the building . The C.D. Howe Building was recognized by the Building Owners and Managers Association ( BOMA ) as the `` Government Office Building of the Year - Canada '' in 1997/98 for excellence in management . The award was presented to the Property Manager , Ronald Vadeboncoeur RPA , FMA , CPM in Halifax , Nova Scotia . He accepted on behalf of his team , including key members : Sue Baxter , Barry O'Regan , Paul Anderson , Celine Maisonneuve , Pierre Boucher and Frank Donovan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a4f20e53122e78542ad2639f14b6db97", "text": "Great Canadian Theatre Company The Great Canadian Theatre Company , known for short as GCTC , is a professional theatre company based in Ottawa , Ontario , Canada . It was established in 1975 by a group of professors and graduate students at Carleton University . Riding a wave of cultural nationalism , founders Robin Matthews , Larry McDonald , Bill Law , Greg Reid and Lois Shannon envisioned a theatre company that would produce only Canadian plays , especially those with social and political relevance . Driven by a dream to place Canadian stories and Canadian history front and centre in our country 's universities and theatres , the company launched its first production in August 1975 . The group has its origins in a season of Canadian theatre produced by the Sock 'n' Buskin Theatre Company at Carleton University . From Carleton , the company moved to a converted firehall in Ottawa South ( presently the Ottawa South Community Centre ) and then , in 1982 , to the Gladstone Theatre on Gladstone Avenue . In September 2007 the company moved into a larger venue called the Irving Greenberg Theatre Centre The Irving Greenberg Theatre Centre , which includes a 262-seat mainstage theatre , a flexible black box studio theatre , and two spacious lobbies , has allowed GCTC to expand its community-based activities . More than 35,000 people visit the Irving Greenberg Theatre Centre every year to see productions by GCTC and other live performing arts companies , for concerts such as the Acoustic Waves music series , to visit the Lorraine Fritzi Yale Art Gallery , rent the facility , or to enjoy local homemade fare at the Viva Loca Café . The September 2007 issue of ( Cult ) ure Magazine described the GCTC as `` Ottawa 's pre-eminent promoter of Canadian theatrical content . '' Among playwrights whose works have been performed by the company are : Jean-Marc Dalpé David French Linda Griffiths Wendy Lill Ann-Marie MacDonald Arthur Milner Morris Panych Judith Thompson Michel Tremblay George F. Walker", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1d46e752481e2acbbc5c32741fa5990a", "text": "Ottawa, Illinois Ottawa is a city located at the confluence of the navigable Illinois River and Fox River in LaSalle County , Illinois , United States . The Illinois River is a conduit for river barges and connects Lake Michigan at Chicago , to the Mississippi River , and North America 's 25,000 mile river system . The population estimate was 18,562 as of 2013 . It is the county seat of LaSalle County and it is part of the Ottawa-Peru , IL Micropolitan Statistical Area .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "24f9bea2baea47a59632426eb4e0341b", "text": "Outaouais Outaouais ( -LSB- utawɛ -RSB- ) ; ( -LSB- uːtəweɪ -RSB- ; also commonly called The Outaouais ) is a region of western Quebec , Canada . It includes the city of Gatineau ( Hull , Aylmer , Gatineau , Masson-Angers , Buckingham ) , the Pontiac region , and the town of Maniwaki , and is located on the north side of the Ottawa River opposite Canada 's capital , Ottawa . It has a land area of 30,760.05 km2 and a 2011 census population of 372,000 inhabitants .", "title": "" } ]	fever
edf3f209c20b1f84800cb7ef5d68361e	Pamela Anderson is a Playboy model.	[ { "docid": "e0b210b45079d507a58049ba7567419f", "text": "Pamela Anderson Pamela Denise Anderson ( born July 1 , 1967 ) is a Canadian American actress and model known for her roles on the television series Home Improvement , Baywatch and V.I.P. . She was Playmate of the Month for Playboy magazine in February 1990 . Anderson was inducted into Canada 's Walk of Fame in 2006 . Anderson is an activist for the animal rights movement and has conducted campaigns condemning the commercial fur industry and promoting veganism through the animal rights organization People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals ( PETA ) . For a time , she was known as Pamela Anderson Lee ( or Pamela Lee ) after marrying Mötley Crüe drummer Tommy Lee .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "a068341202eddd6e67ba7fe92589e349", "text": "Amateur pornography Amateur pornography is a category of pornography that features models , actors or non-professionals performing without pay , or actors for whom this material is not their only paid modeling work . Reality pornography is professionally made porn which seeks to emulate the style of amateur pornography . Amateur porn has been called one of the most profitable and long-lasting genres of pornography .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd0ace1270f626365441a3fbd3d36d96", "text": "Unsimulated sex Unsimulated sex is the presentation in a film of sex scenes where the actors engage in an actual sex act , and are not just miming or simulating the actions . At one time in the United States such scenes were restricted by law and self-imposed industry standards such as the Motion Picture Production Code . Films showing explicit sexual activity were confined to privately distributed underground films , such as stag films or `` porn loops '' . Beginning in the late 1960s , most notably with Blue Movie by Andy Warhol , mainstream cinemas began pushing boundaries in terms of what was presented on screen . Although the vast majority of sexual situations depicted in mainstream cinema are simulated ( in early pornography , the main actors engaged in simulated sex , with inserts placed in the film ) , on rare occasions actors engage in real sex . The difference between these films and pornography is that , while such scenes might be considered erotic , the intent of these films is not solely pornographic . Notable examples include two of the eight Bedside-films and the six Zodiac-films from the 1970s , all of which were produced in Denmark and had many pornographic sex scenes , but were nevertheless considered mainstream films ( they all had mainstream casts and crews , and premiered in mainstream cinemas ) . The last of these films , Agent 69 Jensen i Skyttens tegn , was made in 1978 . From the end of the 1970s until the late 1990s it was rare to see hardcore scenes in mainstream cinema , but this changed with the success of Lars von Trier 's The Idiots ( 1998 ) , which heralded a wave of art-house films with explicit content , such as Romance ( 1999 ) , Baise-moi ( 2000 ) , Intimacy ( 2001 ) , Vincent Gallo 's The Brown Bunny ( 2003 ) , and Michael Winterbottom 's 9 Songs ( 2004 ) . Some simulated sex scenes are sufficiently realistic that critics mistakenly believe that they are real , such as the cunnilingus scene in the 2006 film Red Road .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a82d98c652f2bac5f1ffece430e61fc7", "text": "Bill Anderson (singer) James William Anderson III ( born November 1 , 1937 ) , known as Bill Anderson , is an American country music singer , songwriter and television personality . He has been a member in long standing of the weekly Grand Ole Opry radio program and stage performance in Nashville , Tennessee . He has released more than 40 studio albums and has reached No. 1 on the country charts seven times : `` Mama Sang a Song '' ( 1962 ) , `` Still '' ( 1963 ) , `` I Get the Fever '' ( 1966 ) , `` For Loving You '' ( with Jan Howard , 1967 ) , `` My Life ( Throw It Away If I Want To ) '' ( 1969 ) , `` World of Make Believe '' ( 1974 ) , and `` Sometimes '' ( with Mary Lou Turner , 1976 ) . Twenty-nine more of his singles have reached the top ten . One of the most successful songwriters in country music history , Anderson is also a popular singer , earning the nickname `` Whisperin ' Bill '' for his soft vocal style and occasional spoken narrations . Artists who have recorded his material include Ray Price , Wanda Jackson , Connie Smith , Lynn Anderson , Jim Reeves , Conway Twitty , Eddy Arnold , Roy Clark , Con Hunley , Lefty Frizzell , Brad Paisley , Kenny Chesney , and George Strait . Bill Anderson had his own television show in the 1960s . Anderson has made several television appearances , including two stints as a game show host : The Better Sex ( with co-host Sarah Purcell ) in 1977 , and the country music-themed quiz show Fandango ( 1983 -- 1989 ) on The Nashville Network . He has also hosted an interview show called Opry Backstage and was a producer of a talent show called You Can Be a Star , hosted by fellow Opry member Jim Ed Brown , both shows on the former Nashville Network , and has made guest appearances on several other television series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fe0ca5804f324e01ebd865d46092b39e", "text": "Anna Nicole Smith Vickie Lynn Hogan professionally known as Anna Nicole Smith ( born November 28 , 1967 -- February 8 , 2007 ) was an American model , actress and television personality . Smith first gained popularity in Playboy , winning the title of 1993 Playmate of the Year . She modeled for fashion companies including Guess , H&M , Heatherette , and Lane Bryant . Smith dropped out of high school and was married three years later in 1985 . Her highly publicized second marriage to J. Howard Marshall resulted in speculation that she married the octogenarian mainly for his money , which she denied . Following Marshall 's death , Smith began a lengthy legal battle over a share of his estate . Her case , Marshall v. Marshall , reached the U.S. Supreme Court on a question of federal jurisdiction , and again on a question of bankruptcy court authority ( now called Stern v. Marshall ) . Smith died on February 8 , 2007 , in a Hollywood , Florida , hotel room as a result of an overdose of prescription drugs . During the final six months of her life , Smith was the focus of renewed press coverage surrounding the death of her son , Daniel , and the paternity and custody battle over her newborn daughter , Dannielynn .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "66677b1f7fa9f5b2c87c19f0acad9000", "text": "Playboy After Dark Playboy After Dark is an American television show hosted by Hugh Hefner . It aired in syndication through Screen Gems from 1969 to 1970 and was taped at CBS Television City in Los Angeles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6d71bd5acf09151f8f77f7262637af25", "text": "Cara Zavaleta Cara Zavaleta ( born June 15 , 1980 in Bowling Green , Ohio ) is an American model and actress , known for her appearances on the MTV reality series Road Rules : South Pacific , and as the November 2004 Playboy Playmate .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "82216661558cbb40c3aa78dacf33683c", "text": "Hugh Hefner Hugh Marston Hefner ( born April 9 , 1926 ) is an American men 's lifestyle magazine publisher , businessman , and a well-known playboy . Hefner is a native of Chicago , Illinois and a former journalist for Esquire . He is best known for being the founder and chief creative officer of Playboy Enterprises . A self-made multi-millionaire , his net worth is over $ 43 million due to his success as the founder of Playboy magazine . Hefner is also a political activist and philanthropist active in several causes and public issues . He is a World War II veteran .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "58e8c177eeb1e6f71e73d5467a4fc972", "text": "Jean Anderson (cookbook author) Jean Anderson ( Raleigh , North Carolina ) is an American cookbook author . Anderson has a BS ( Food and Nutrition ) from Cornell University and a MS ( Journalism ) degree from Columbia University . Anderson is a member of the James Beard Cookbook Hall of Fame and a charter member of Les Dames d'Escoffier and the New York Women 's Culinary Alliance . She helped organize the James Beard Journalism Awards and for two years , co-chaired that committee . Though best known for her articles in Bon Appétit , Food & Wine , Gourmet , More , Travel + Leisure and other magazines , Anderson served as assistant food editor , then managing editor of The Ladies ' Home Journal , as contributing editor at Family Circle and Diversion magazines , as chief consulting editor for Reader 's Digest cookbooks , and as food columnist for New York Newsday and the Los Angeles Times Syndicate . An authority on Portugal , its food , wine , and folk art , Anderson has been traveling about that country for 40 years . Her Food of Portugal was named `` Best Foreign Cookbook '' in the 1986 Tastemaker Awards . Anderson 's food , travel , and general features have won various awards , among them , the Pulitzer Traveling Scholarship , the George Hedman Travel Writing Award , and two commendations from the Government of Portugal . Anderson divides her time between New York City and Chapel Hill , North Carolina .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "807846810969166a5b26e7344e72285f", "text": "Annie Morton Annie Morton ( born October 8 , 1970 ) is an American model born in Pennsylvania . She has appeared on the covers of British Vogue , ID , Marie Claire , and other magazines . She has been photographed by Helmut Newton ; Peter Lindbergh ; Annie Leibovitz ; Richard Avedon ; Juergen Teller ; Paul Jasmin , Mary Ellen Mark and Terry Richardson , and modeled for Donna Karan , Givenchy , Guerlain , Chanel , Harper 's Bazaar , Sports Illustrated and Victoria 's Secret . A long time vegetarian , an advocate for organic lifestyle choices and natural healthcare . She co-founded Tsi-La Organics , a `` Green Luxury '' company that creates and sells vegan , organic perfume and skin care products .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f380496e6714dece476b5139a850743c", "text": "Jean Bell Jean Bell ( born Annie Lee Morgan on November 23 , 1944 in St. Louis , Missouri ) was one of the first of Playboy magazine 's African-American Playmates of the Month .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6d4d850d5090d3b38953acf0c26a022e", "text": "Tom Kelley (photographer) Tom Kelley Sr. ( December 12 , 1914 -- January 8 , 1984 ) was an American photographer who photographed Hollywood celebrities in the 1940s and 1950s . He is best known for his iconic 1949 nude photographs of Marilyn Monroe , which were distributed widely as calendar art -- one of which was featured in the inaugural issue of Playboy magazine in 1953 . Kelley was born in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . He learned photography as an apprentice in a New York photo studio , and then worked for the Associated Press and Town & Country magazine . After coming to California in 1935 , Kelley established a photography studio in Hollywood and produced promotional photographs of motion picture stars . David O. Selznick and Samuel Goldwyn retained Kelley to take promotional photos of their stars and starlets for magazine covers and advertising . Later , Kelley 's business shifted to commercial and advertising photography . Some of Kelley 's most famous photo subjects have included Gary Cooper , Greta Garbo , James Cagney , Clark Gable , Winston Churchill , Bob Hope , Marlene Dietrich , Joan Crawford , Jack Benny , David Bowie , John F. Kennedy , Dwight D. Eisenhower , Franklin D. Roosevelt , Yma Sumac and , of course , Marilyn Monroe , with and without clothes . Tom Kelley had a way of making his subjects feel comfortable behind the camera . He would bring his wife with him to his shoots to create a more soothing and relaxed atmosphere . Kelley served on the panel of judges at the Miss Universe 1952 and Miss Universe 1956 pageants . He appeared in the 1966 documentary film The Legend of Marilyn Monroe .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "04b138db704e979e20502f8ba2ea9289", "text": "Top Model Top Model or Next Top Model is a fashion-themed reality television show format produced in many countries throughout the world and seen in over 120 countries producing over 200 seasons ( referred to as `` cycles '' ) . The show takes the form of a modeling competition whose winners typically receive a contract with a major modeling agency and a cover shoot and fashion photo spread in a fashion magazine . The format was created by Tyra Banks for the original series , America 's Next Top Model which was first aired in 2003 , produced by Ken Mok 's 10 by 10 Entertainment .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b66539f748238c4f4c046fedbfb489dd", "text": "List of Playboy Playmates of 1956 __ NOTOC __ The following is a list of Playboy Playmates of 1956 . Playboy magazine names its Playmate of the Month each month throughout the year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "025b004aacf185183726e3c82104f469", "text": "Renee Tenison Reneé Tenison ( born December 2 , 1968 ) is an American model , actress , and the first African-American selected to be the Playboy Playmate of the Year ( 1990 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "adebecfcdb137aa30164e6c1a24b580a", "text": "Stacy Sanches Stacy Elizabeth Sanches , also known as Stacy Sanchez ( born September 4 , 1973 ) , is an American model and actress . She was Playboy 's Playmate of the Month for March 1995 and Playboy 's Playmate of the Year for 1996 . In June 1996 , she was chosen Playmate of the Month for the German edition of Playboy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cbaa6eed554130d11fa25b12e1854949", "text": "DeDe Lind DeDe Lind ( born Diane Lind is an American glamour model famous for her appearance in Playboy magazine as the Playmate of the Month for August 1967 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7b476673b35ef9da1e68a866ba2034d5", "text": "Anderson (automobile) The Anderson was a United States automobile ; considered the most successful automobile ever built in the Southern United States , it was manufactured by a carriage works from 1916 to 1925 in Rock Hill , South Carolina . Started by John Gary Anderson , the company sold cars through a national dealer network . The company used Continental 7R flat six engines in its vehicles , which were noted for their attractive body styles and color combinations . Andersons were the first cars to be built with headlight foot dimmers and powered convertible tops . Production reached nearly 2,000 units in 1923 and in all 7,000 vehicles were produced during the life of the company . There are a number of reasons why the Anderson Automobile Co. faltered . According to Edward Lee , who wrote the 2007 book John Gary Anderson and His Maverick Motor Company : The Rise and Fall of Henry Ford 's Rock Hill Rival , the vehicle suffered from a defective engine . Anderson bought most of the components from other manufacturers . During the later years of production , Anderson used a Continental engine with an aluminum head and it warped at high temperatures . Price was also an issue , Lee believes . Model T Fords were selling for as low as $ 290 the 1920s making the cars affordable to the majority of Americans . Andersons cost about $ 1,650 for a five-passenger touring car and $ 2,550 for a sedan . Anderson 's slogan was a prophetic `` A little Higher in Price but made in Dixie . '' In addition , by the early 1920s , the economy of South Carolina and other Southern states was already in the tank , well ahead of the Great Depression , because of plummeting cotton prices following World War I. Today , there are just 13 remaining examples of Anderson vehicles in existence . Of those Anderson cars known to exist , four are owned by the Anderson family , one is at the S.C. State Museum in Columbia and one is in the possession of the Museum of York County , where Rock Hill is located .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a30dd073bb1f4110e06e76c5daaa28e2", "text": "Playboy Club (disambiguation) Playboy Club may refer to : Playboy Club , a chain of nightclubs operated by Playboy Enterprises between 1960 and 1991 Playboy Club ( Las Vegas ) , a revival of the chain at the Palms Casino Resort The Playboy Club , an American television series broadcast on NBC", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1f1b96398d896062a9ef31f86d1699f4", "text": "Sexual field A sexual field is an arena of social life whereby individuals seek intimate partners and vie for sexual status . Sexual fields emerge `` when a subset of actors with potential romantic or sexual interest orient themselves toward one another according to a logic of desirability imminent to their collective relations and -LSB- wherein -RSB- this logic produces , to greater and lesser degrees , a system of stratification '' ( Green 2014:27 ) . The term builds on Pierre Bourdieu 's ( 1980 ) concept of field and has been defined as a `` set of interlocking institutions '' ( Martin and George 2006 ) and an `` institutionalized matrix of relations '' ( Green 2005 , 2008 , 2011 ) that confers status upon sexual actors based on individual variation in sexual capital . Relative to those with a sexual capital deficit , actors in possession of sexual capital reap the rewards of the sexual field -- including the ability to select desired sexual partners and the acquisition of social significance . Sexual fields are themselves distinguished by distinct `` currencies of erotic capital '' ( Green 2005 , 2008 ) , the latter which are quite variable , acquiring dominance in relation to the collective preferences of players . For example , Green ( 2005 , 2008 ) argues that the characteristics which confer sexual capital in one field may not in another . Thus , in a gay leather bar , a bearded , stocky white man in his late-thirties dressed in Levi 's jeans and a leather jacket will possess an optimal form of sexual capital , whereas the same man in a swanky Martini bar catering to a twenty-something , high-fashion , urban gay customer base will face a sexual capital deficit . This variation in power and status occurs because a gay leather bar and a gay Martini bar are physical sites organized by the logic of two distinct sexual fields with contrasting currencies of sexual capital ( Green 2005 , 2008 ) -- i.e. , distinct `` hegemonic systems of judgment '' ( Martin and George 2006 ) . For sociological theory , the study of the sexual field in the sexual fields framework offers a framework for analyzing how collective attributions of desire and desirability are shaped by the sexual field itself . That is , rather than see desire and desirability as a simple function of individual wants and judgments , the sexual fields framework suggests that such wants and judgments are the consequence of sexual social life . In this approach , the sexual field acts back on what we find desirable such that desires and desirability are regarded as field effects ( Green 2014 ) . To the extent that sexual stratification is related to but not isomorphic with the structure of alternative fields , so the study of sexual fields can not be subsumed to the study of an economic or political field , for example . Nevertheless , to the extent that race , class , gender , ethnicity , age and ability , among others , are organizing features of sexual status within a given sexual field , so the relationship of sexual fields to broader historical systems of stratification requires consideration ( Green 2005 , 2008 , 2011 . 2014 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e212ceec7179724cc6eaf8e7a3cc38eb", "text": "Pamella Bordes Pamela Chaudry Singh ( born 1961 in New Delhi , India ) , known for some years as Pamella Bordes , is an Indian-born photographer and former Miss India who briefly hit the headlines in the United Kingdom in 1988 and 1989 as the call girl of several public figures , including the editors of two upmarket Sunday newspapers . She has pursued a career as a professional photographer .", "title": "" } ]	fever
0212fe78d38ea374ae038e78a6b5477c	Ken Russell was involved with award-winning movies.	[ { "docid": "854c2a3acc7891cb2be21d6ef66fe96e", "text": "Academy Awards The Academy Awards , now known officially as the Oscars , is a set of twenty-four awards for artistic and technical merit in the American film industry , given annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS ) , to recognize excellence in cinematic achievements as assessed by the Academy 's voting membership . The various category winners are awarded a copy of a golden statuette , officially called the `` Academy Award of Merit '' , which has become commonly known by its nickname `` Oscar '' . The awards , first presented in 1929 at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel , are overseen by AMPAS . The awards ceremony was first broadcast on radio in 1930 and televised for the first time in 1953 . It is now seen live in more than 200 countries and can be streamed live online . The Academy Awards ceremony is the oldest worldwide entertainment awards ceremony . Its equivalents -- the Emmy Awards for television , the Tony Awards for theater , and the Grammy Awards for music and recording -- are modeled after the Academy Awards . The 89th Academy Awards ceremony , honoring the best films of 2016 , were held on February 26 , 2017 , at the Dolby Theatre , in Los Angeles , California . The ceremony was hosted by Jimmy Kimmel and was broadcast on ABC . A total of 3,048 Oscars have been awarded from the inception of the award through the 88th .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "63200f10928b0415da06e894be297782", "text": "Ken Russell Henry Kenneth Alfred `` Ken '' Russell ( 3 July 1927 -- 27 November 2011 ) was an English film director , known for his pioneering work in television and film and for his flamboyant and controversial style . Critics have accused him of being obsessed with sexuality and the Roman Catholic Church . His films in the main were liberal adaptations of existing texts , or biographies , notably of composers of the Romantic era . Russell began directing for the BBC , where he made creative adaptations of composers ' lives which were unusual for the time . He also directed many feature films independently and for studios . He is best known for his Oscar-winning films Women in Love ( 1969 ) , The Devils ( 1971 ) , The Who 's Tommy ( 1975 ) , and the science fiction film Altered States ( 1980 ) . Russell also directed several films based on the lives of classical music composers , such as Elgar , Delius , Tchaikovsky , Mahler , and Liszt . Film critic Mark Kermode , speaking in 2006 , and attempting to sum up the director 's achievement , called Russell , `` somebody who proved that British cinema did n't have to be about kitchen-sink realism -- it could be every bit as flamboyant as Fellini . Later in his life he turned to making low-budget experimental films such as Lion 's Mouth and Revenge of the Elephant Man , and they are as edgy and ` out there ' as ever '' . Ken Russell died of natural causes on 27 November 2011 at the age of 84 .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "c413181ad891379e5a5c3229392ff550", "text": "Ken Loach Kenneth Charles `` Ken '' Loach ( born 17 June 1936 ) is an English director of television and independent film . He is known for his socially critical directing style and for his socialist ideals , which are evident in his film treatment of social issues such as poverty , homelessness ( Cathy Come Home , 1966 ) and labour rights ( Riff-Raff , 1991 , and The Navigators , 2001 ) . Loach 's film Kes ( 1969 ) was voted the seventh greatest British film of the 20th century in a poll by the British Film Institute . Two of his films , The Wind That Shakes the Barley ( 2006 ) and I , Daniel Blake ( 2016 ) received the Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival , making him the ninth filmmaker to win the award twice . Loach , a social campaigner for most of his career , believes the current criteria for claiming benefits in the UK are `` a Kafka-esque , Catch 22 situation designed to frustrate and humiliate the claimant to such an extent that they drop out of the system and stop pursuing their right to ask for support if necessary '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "980192d6fa3366e4f0d2e64e3d4c0cb6", "text": "Kenneth Kokin Kenneth Kokin has been a producer for many first time feature directors . He is also a sworn deputy in state of Georgia . The debut feature film he produced for Bryan Singer , Public Access won the Sundance Grand Jury Prize . Ken Kokin and Singer developed a script with writer Christopher McQuarrie to produce the multi-Academy Award winning film The Usual Suspects which Kokin directed the substantial second-unit and co-produced . This achievement landed Kokin on the cover of Fade In Magazine as one of `` The 100 People to Know in Hollywood '' . Kokin spent the next several years dividing his time between working with new film makers and developing a screenplay on the life of Alexander the Great , written with Peter Buchman and McQuarrie , for Martin Scorsese and Leonardo DiCaprio . ( Scorsese and DiCaprio chose to do The Aviator first , making way for Oliver Stone to produce his version of Alexander . ) Next , he produced and directed second-unit on McQuarrie 's directorial first feature , The Way of the Gun starring Juliette Lewis , Ryan Phillippe , James Caan and Oscar winner Benicio del Toro . The 2008 Sundance Film Festival marks Kenneth Kokin 's next statements in cinema with Captain Abu Raed the Audience Award Winner in festival 's World Dramatic Competition . This is not only the first independent film produced in Kingdom of Jordan but it 's the fist feature film from recent AFI graduate Amin Matalqa . 2008 is also the year where For Tomorrow the documentary that Kokin produced and directed in Argentina which was an official selection for the Tribeca Film Festival and the Newport Beach Film Festival where he won the Humanitarian Vision Award . This groundbreaking documentary premiered in 10 film festivals and won many other awards and created awareness about cause of Toms shoes assisting the company in achieve recognition as the fastest growing shoe company in the world . Kenneth Kokin 's dedication to directing started at 14 when he started making his own films with a borrowed Super-8 camera . In high school , he directed several claymation , live action shorts and documentaries on 16mm . His most ambitious teenage endeavor was a re-creation of the Civil War Battle of Bull Run where he combined animated clay figures and actors to win the Newbridge Reel Award for Best Picture . Upon graduating from University of Southern California Cinema , Kokin joined the Editor 's Guild and worked at both NBC and Amblin Entertainment . CBS hired Kokin to shoot , edit and direct the behind the scenes for the longest-running annual special , Circus of the Stars where he worked with lions , tigers , motorcycle , stunts , high-wire and trapeze acts . Having a passion for all elements of filmmaking from pre-production through production and post-production , Kokin chose producing and directing because they are the only jobs where he has the opportunity to participate in all areas of the process . Recently , Kokin has produced a Chinese-America co-production in Chengdu , China starring John Robinson http://www.imdb.com/name/nm1440281/ and Xiaolu Li http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0523735/ . Back in two thousand and eight , he traveled South America , Haiti and Africa directing documentaries about the pandemic of poverty and HIV facing children in those regions . Staying true to his roots in the crime genre Kenneth Kokin wrote the feature about the famous mobster , James `` Whitey '' Bulger . The Los Angeles Time piece June 26 , 2012 quoted Kokin to say , `` Finding out that Whitey Bulger was living in Santa Monica just three blocks away from me was a little like looking frantically for your sunglasses only to find out they were on your head the whole time . '' Kokin 's passion for documentaries continues as he is currently working on a feature about sea mammals as well as working as a producer in reality television . link title http://about.me/kenkokin", "title": "" }, { "docid": "55a7d015872d39d71a3ba6e38d4e355e", "text": "Black Reel Awards The Black Reel Awards , or `` BRAs '' , is an annual American awards ceremony hosted by the Foundation for the Augmentation of African-Americans in Film ( FAAAF ) to recognize excellence in African-American , as well as those of African diaspora 's cinematic achievements in the around the world film industry as assessed by the Academy 's voting membership . The various category winners are awarded a copy of a statuette , officially called the Black Reel Award . The awards , first presented in 2000 in Washington , DC , are overseen by FAAAF . The awards ceremony was initially awarded online their first two years before the first live show in 2002 . The awards have broadcast to radio since 2014 . Currently , the Black Reel Awards is the oldest cinema-exclusive awards ceremony for African-Americans . The 16th Annual Black Reel Awards ceremony was held on February 18 , 2016 . A total of 315 Black Reel Awards have been presented since the inception of the award through the 16th .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1c8fd70f1296652a885808b8e0f02161", "text": "Indestructible Man Indestructible Man is a 1956 American crime horror science fiction film , an original screenplay by Vy Russell and Sue Dwiggins for producer-director Jack Pollexfen and starring Lon Chaney , Jr. , Ross Elliott and Robert Shayne . The picture was produced independently by C.G.K. Productions , and distributed in the United States by Allied Artists Pictures Corporation . The film was distributed theatrically in 1956 on a double bill with World Without End '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3e505ce08107a4dd04fb27d9bc65582d", "text": "Twentieth Century (film) Twentieth Century is a 1934 American pre-Code screwball comedy film . Much of the film is set on the 20th Century Limited train as it travels from Chicago to New York City . The film was directed by Howard Hawks , stars John Barrymore and Carole Lombard , and features Walter Connolly , Roscoe Karns and Edgar Kennedy . Ben Hecht and Charles MacArthur adapted their Broadway play of the same name -- itself based on the unproduced play Napoleon of Broadway by Charles Bruce Millholland -- with uncredited contributions from Gene Fowler and Preston Sturges . Along with Frank Capra 's It Happened One Night , also released in 1934 ( which amazingly has exactly the same music over the opening titles ) , Twentieth Century is considered to be a prototype for the screwball comedy . `` Howard Hawks ' rapid-fire romantic comedy established the essential ingredients of the screwball -- a dizzy dame , a charming but befuddled hero , dazzling dialogue and a dash of slapstick . '' Its success propelled Lombard into the front ranks of film comediennes . The film was added to the National Film Registry of the Library of Congress in 2011 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "94ded29f9d269a47fe61b513697e62be", "text": "Robert Russell (English actor) Robert Russell ( 24 May 1936 -- 12 May 2008 ) was an English actor known for a memorable supporting role as John Stearne alongside Vincent Price in the classic British horror film Witchfinder General ( 1968 ) . He was born in Kent , England . His family emigrated to South Africa for 9 years when he was aged 11 . He worked in a gold mine after leaving school . He returned to England and trained as an actor at the Webber Douglas Academy of Dramatic Art . He then appeared on stage with stars such as Laurence Olivier and Michael Gambon , as a member of the National Theatre touring company . He made numerous appearances on UK television , often playing tough characters and villains due to his imposing stature , including The Avengers , The Sweeney , Space : 1999 , Blake 's 7 and Doctor Who , playing a guard in the serial entitled The Power of the Daleks and a Highland Games Champion , The Caber , in Terror of the Zygons . Some of his other film appearances included Othello ( 1965 ) , The Whisperers ( 1967 ) , Bedazzled ( 1967 ) with Peter Cook and Dudley Moore , Inspector Clouseau ( 1968 ) , The Breaking of Bumbo ( 1970 ) , Man in the Wilderness ( 1971 ) with Richard Harris , Sitting Target ( 1972 ) , Double Exposure ( 1977 ) , Queen of the Blues ( 1979 ) starring Mary Millington , Ivanhoe ( 1982 ) , Oliver Twist ( 1982 ) , and the TV film of The Sign of Four ( 1983 ) . He lived for the last 14 years of his life in Maidenhead , Berkshire and died there of a heart attack at his home aged 71 . * Note : This is from a Public Member Trees search on Ancestry , where the date of death is oddly given as 18 May 2008 ( see discussion ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c43bb43cb6fce909eeb1a735e0db5d13", "text": "List of films based on magazine articles This is a list of films based on non-fiction articles published in periodicals such as magazines or newspapers . See also List of films based on short fiction . Adaptation . - `` The Orchid Thief '' , The New Yorker , January 23 , 1995 - Susan Orlean Almost Famous - `` The Allman Brothers Story '' , Rolling Stone , December 6 , 1973 - Cameron Crowe American Gangster - `` The Return of Superfly '' , New York , August 14 , 2000 - Mark Jacobson Argo - `` How the CIA Used a Fake Sci-Fi Flick to Rescue Americans From Tehran '' , Wired , April 2007 Joshuah Bearman Bigger Than Life - `` Ten Feet Tall '' , The New Yorker , September 10 , 1955 - Berton Roueche Biker Boyz - `` Biker Boyz '' , New Times Los Angeles , April 2000 , Michael Gougis The Bling Ring - `` The Suspects Wore Louboutins '' , Vanity Fair , March 2010 - Nancy Jo Sales Blue Crush - `` Life 's Swell '' , Women Outside , September 1998 - Susan Orlean Boogie Nights - `` The Devil and John Holmes '' , Rolling Stone , May 1989 - Mike Sager City by the Sea - `` Mark of a Murderer '' , Esquire , September 1997 - Michael McAlary Coyote Ugly - `` The Muse of the Coyote Ugly Saloon '' , GQ , March 1997 - Elizabeth Gilbert Dog Day Afternoon - `` The Boys in the Bank '' , Life , September 22 , 1972 - P. F. Kluge The Fast and the Furious - `` Racer X '' , Vibe , May 1998 - Ken Li Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas - `` Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas '' , Rolling Stone , November 11 & November 25 , 1971 - Hunter S. Thompson In Cold Blood - `` In Cold Blood : The Last to See Them Alive '' ' The New Yorker , September 25 , 1965 - Truman Capote The Insider - `` The Man Who Knew Too Much '' , Vanity Fair , May 1996 - Marie Brenner Into the Wild - `` Death of an Innocent '' , Outside , January 1993 - Jon Krakauer The Killing Fields - `` The Death and Life of Dith Pran '' , The New York Times Magazine , January 20 , 1980 - Sydney Schanberg Ladybug Ladybug - `` They Thought the War Was On '' , McCall 's , April 1963 - Lois Dickert Live Free or Die Hard - `` A Farewell to Arms '' , Wired , May 1997 - John Carlin Perfect -- Series of articles in Rolling Stone - Aaron Latham Proof of Life - `` Adventures in the Ransom Trade '' Vanity Fair , May 1998 - William Prochnau Pushing Tin - `` Something 's Got to Give '' , The New York Times Magazine , March 24 , 1996 - Darcy Frey Radio - `` Someone to Lean On '' , Sports Illustrated , December 16 , 1996 - Gary Smith Saturday Night Fever - `` Tribal Rites of the New Saturday Night '' , New York , June 7 , 1976 - Nik Cohn Shattered Glass - Vanity Fair , September 1998 - Buzz Bissinger Top Gun - `` Top Guns '' , California , May 1983 - Ehud Yonay Urban Cowboy - `` The Ballad of the Urban Cowboy : America 's Search for True Grit '' , Esquire , September 12 , 1978 - Aaron Latham `` War Dogs ( 2016 film ) '' - `` The Stoner Arms Dealers : How Two American Kids Became Big-Time Weapons Traders '' , `` Rolling Stone '' , March 16 , 2011 - Guy Lawson", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b3c95d6b6f0e5fc404bce953042aa238", "text": "Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film . The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "06bee763ab88bf322c23edce2ef326cd", "text": "Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards 2014 The 20th Dallas -- Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards honoring the best in film for 2014 were announced on December 15 , 2014 . These awards `` recognizing extraordinary accomplishment in film '' are presented annually by the Dallas -- Fort Worth Film Critics Association ( DFWFCA ) , based in the Dallas -- Fort Worth metroplex region of Texas . The organization , founded in 1990 , includes 30 film critics for print , radio , television , and internet publications based in north Texas . The Dallas -- Fort Worth Film Critics Association began presenting its annual awards list in 1993 . Birdman was the DFWFCA 's most awarded film of 2014 , taking five top honors . Birdman won in Best Picture , Best Actor ( Michael Keaton ) , Best Director ( Alejandro G. Iñárritu ) , Best Cinematography ( Emmanuel Lubezki ) , and Best Screenplay ( Alejandro G. Iñárritu , Nicolás Giacobone , Alexander Dinelaris Jr. , and Armando Bo ) . Another film , Boyhood , earned multiple 2014 honors from the DFWFCA . The coming-of-age tale received top honors in the Best Supporting Actress ( Patricia Arquette ) as well as being presented the Russell Smith Award as the `` best low-budget or cutting-edge independent film '' of the year . The award is named in honor of late Dallas Morning News film critic Russell Smith . Reese Witherspoon was named Best Actress for her role as Cheryl Strayed in Wild . The other films earning honors were Sweden 's Force Majeure for Best Foreign Language Film , Citizenfour as Best Documentary Film , and The Lego Movie for Best Animated Film .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "83e6cc706c45ee3ba33d78cd3b741d96", "text": "Vintage Film Awards The Vintage Film Awards ( VFA ) are awards that recognize films released in previous decades with enduring popularity and continuing relevance in popular culture .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6ddc7119e02d0de42e3d4ade260eae75", "text": "Willis Kent Willis Kent ( 1878-1966 ) was an independent American film producer . Willis Kent Productions was active from 1928-58 . Its films , about 40 in all , consisted mostly of low-budget westerns , many of which starred short-lived cowboy star and former football player Lafayette Russell ( aka Reb Russell ) , and cheap , sensationalist exploitation epics . The company 's first release , The Pace That Kills ( 1928 ) , was about innocent young teens being lured into the netherworld of cocaine addiction . Kent remade it , using the same title and same director , adapted with sound in 1935 . In some markets it was retitled as Cocaine Fiends , which is the title used on most VHS and DVD copies of the film . For at least two releases in the mid - '30s Kent joined forces with Dorothy Davenport , who had forged her own career in early exploitation films following the death of her husband , the morphine-addicted star Wallace Reid . Most of these films are now in the public domain .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "91eba381ff78c242773e13645e0ead9f", "text": "Russell Chatham Russell Chatham ( born October 27 , 1939 ) is a contemporary American landscape artist who spent most of his career living in Livingston , Montana . The artist is the grandson of landscape painter Gottardo Piazzoni , though he is essentially a self-taught artist . His work has been exhibited in over 400 one man shows and in museums and galleries over the last five decades . Notable art critic Robert Hughes is numbered one of Chatham 's collectors and there are others as diverse as Paul Allen and actor Jack Nicholson . Chatham 's work eschews the narrative tendency of much western art and presents landscapes that stand in intimate relationship towards the human figure even in the absence of it . In the early 1980s Chatham began making lithographs and now stands as one of the world 's foremost practitioners of that craft . In addition to Lithography , Chatham also produces original oil paintings . His oil paintings currently sell for tens of thousands of dollars , and there is a multi-year waiting list for commissions , but according to his dealers , he prefers printing lithographs as the more challenging art form . ( Longtime Livingston residents can recall a time when early in his career Chatham traded his canvases for essential services in a barter arrangement . ) Despite being a print , Chatham 's lithographs have little to do with modern process lithography , which always starts from a photograph and typically only uses 4 colors . His art lithographs may have 30 or 40 different layers of color , all of which have to be hand drawn on to the printing plate , and the colors selected for the final effect . To see some of the early proofs of one of his prints is to see a study in vivid and unusual colors from which it is almost impossible to conceive of the final subtle shadings and quiet colors . In addition to his work as a painter , Chatham has also published a series of short stories `` Dark Waters '' in which he details the exploits of his hunting friends , like the author Jim Harrison . The stories are Rabelaisian , vulgar , and exquisitely written ( one suspects with a little help from his literary friends ) . William Hjortsberg disputed this during a presentation in Livingston on 9/12/2008 . `` He is quite a good writer in his own right , '' Hjortsberg said . They center on hunting , fly fishing , food , wine and life changes.One story centers around preparing roast duck on an annual outing devoted solely to excess . Many of Chatham 's painted works have adorned the covers of Harrison 's works . In 2011 , Chatham moved from Livingston back to California . He has a studio in Marshall , California .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "56563307d80f178eefa7f73cb22d6e44", "text": "78th Academy Awards The 78th Academy Awards ceremony , presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS ) , took place on March 5 , 2006 , at the Kodak Theatre in Hollywood , Los Angeles beginning at 5:00 p.m. PST / 8:00 p.m. EST. . The ceremony was scheduled one week later than usual to avoid conflicting with the 2006 Winter Olympics . During the ceremony , AMPAS presented Academy Awards ( commonly referred to as Oscars ) in 24 categories honoring films released in 2005 . The ceremony , televised in the United States by ABC , was produced by Gil Cates and directed by Louis J. Horvitz . Actor Jon Stewart hosted the show for the first time . Two weeks earlier in a ceremony at The Beverly Hilton in Beverly Hills , California held on February 18 , the Academy Awards for Technical Achievement were presented by host Rachel McAdams . Crash won three awards including Academy Award for Best Picture . Other winners included Brokeback Mountain , King Kong , and Memoirs of a Geisha also with three awards apiece , and Capote , The Chronicles of Narnia : The Lion , the Witch and the Wardrobe , The Constant Gardener , Hustle and Flow , March of the Penguins , The Moon and the Son : An Imagined Conversation , A Note of Triumph : The Golden Age of Norman Corwin , Six Shooter , Syriana , Tsotsi , Walk the Line , and Wallace & Gromit : The Curse of the Were-Rabbit with one each . The telecast garnered nearly 39 million viewers in the United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "265457bbd71c6794b018f6d68b1e85e8", "text": "25th Academy Awards The 25th Academy Awards ceremony was held on March 19 , 1953 . It took place at the RKO Pantages Theatre in Hollywood , California , and the NBC International Theatre in New York City . It was the first Academy Awards ceremony to be televised , and the first ceremony to be held in Hollywood and New York City simultaneously . It was also the only year that the New York ceremonies were to be held in the NBC International Theatre on Columbus Circle , which was shortly thereafter demolished and replaced by the New York Coliseum convention center . A major upset occurred in the category of Best Picture . The heavily favored High Noon lost to Cecil B. DeMille 's The Greatest Show on Earth , eventually considered among the worst films to have won the Academy Award for Best Picture . The American film magazine Premiere placed the movie on its list of the 10 worst Oscar winners and the British film magazine Empire rated it # 3 on their list of the 10 worst Oscar winners . It has the lowest spot on Rotten Tomatoes ' list of the 81 films to win Best Picture . Of all the films nominated for the Oscar this year , only High Noon and Singin ' in the Rain would show up 46 years later on the American Film Institute list of the greatest American films of the 20th Century . For a film that only received two nominations , Singin ' in the Rain went on to be named as the greatest American musical film of all time and in the 2007 American Film Institute updated list as the fifth greatest American film of all time , while High Noon was ranked twenty-seventh on the same 2007 list , as well . The Bad and the Beautiful won five awards , the most wins ever for a film not nominated for Best Picture . It was also the second Academy Awards in which a film not nominated for Best Picture received the most awards of the evening , excluding years where there were ties for the most wins . The only other film to do this was The Thief of Bagdad at the 13th Academy Awards ; as of the 87th Academy Awards , it has not happened since . Until Spotlight won only Best Picture and Best Original Screenplay at the 88th Academy Awards , this was the last year in which the Best Picture winner won just two Oscars . It was also the second of three years to date in which two films not nominated for Best Picture received more nominations than the winner ( The Bad and the Beautiful and Hans Christian Andersen , both with six ) . This occurred again at the 79th Academy Awards . Shirley Booth also became the last person to win an Oscar in a Leading Role to be born in the 19th century . She also holds the distinction of being the first woman in her 50s to win the award , at the age of 54 ( the second woman in her 50s to win , Julianne Moore , was 54 when awarded at the 87th Academy Awards ) . John Ford 's fourth win for Best Director set a record for the most wins in this category that remains unmatched to this day . For the first time since the introduction of Supporting Actor and Actress awards in 1936 , Best Picture , Best Director , and all four acting Oscars went to six different films . This has happened only three times since , at the 29th Academy Awards for 1956 , the 78th for 2005 , and the 85th for 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "62af8f799649205188d2a460ede223d7", "text": "Rough Magic Rough Magic is a 1995 comedy film directed by Clare Peploe , starring Bridget Fonda and Russell Crowe . It was based on a novel by James Hadley Chase called Miss Shumway Waves a Wand , with the screenplay written by Robert Mundi , William Brookfield , and Clare Peploe .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ec484c44dac1583cccfc308e18114ece", "text": "Too Outrageous! Too Outrageous ! is a 1987 Canadian comedy film . Directed and written by Richard Benner , the film is based on a story by Margaret Gibson . The film stars Craig Russell as Robin Turner , a drag queen .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4c557eaac2e0e0b822290e4c044f3f1e", "text": "Russell House (Ottawa) The Russell House hotel was the most high-profile hotel in Ottawa , Canada for many decades .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eed020393dc6fd0a07720426401749a2", "text": "Russell Payne (author) Russell Payne is an English writer and artist , author of humour , science fiction and fantasy short stories and novels , weblogs , graphic novels , comics , and films . His notable works include Morris Telford - A Salopian Odyssey weblog for the BBC and subsequent novel , Marlowe Bidforth 's Backpack Adventure , and the Prism award-winning American Spoon Indigo . He collaborated with screenwriter Philip Railsback on a number of screenplays . Famous in writing circles for using a staggering number of pseudonyms , he argues that this helps keep his work fresh , ensures the writing stands on its own merit rather than his reputation and `` irritates my publicist so much that it 's become a self-destructive habit I ca n't give up '' . He is also the co-founder along with Darrell Till of the media production company Tiny Lapel . The music video `` Sell Out Story '' for the band `` The Ohms '' was animated and directed by him as a favour for a friend and went on to win the `` 2004 Mill Award for new media Animation '' . He has recently been appearing at comicbook conventions in the UK giving talks on Jack Kirby and representing the Jack Kirby Museum . His digital artwork was used in December 2014 as part of the ` On Creating Reality , by Andy Kaufman ' exhibition at the London Frieze .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "71f6daf652e91b4370c96f0178c79b4f", "text": "A Woman of Distinction A Woman of Distinction is a 1950 romantic comedy film directed by Edward Buzzell . It stars Rosalind Russell and Ray Milland .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4616dace12242646c58a9f5e57752290", "text": "Reds (film) Reds is a 1981 American epic drama film co-written , produced and directed by Warren Beatty . The picture centers on the life and career of John Reed , the journalist and writer who chronicled the Russian Revolution in his book Ten Days That Shook the World . Beatty stars in the lead role alongside Diane Keaton as Louise Bryant and Jack Nicholson as Eugene O'Neill . The supporting cast includes Edward Herrmann , Jerzy Kosinski , Paul Sorvino , Maureen Stapleton , Gene Hackman , Ramon Bieri , Nicolas Coster and M. Emmet Walsh . The film also features , as `` witnesses , '' interviews with the 98-year-old radical educator and peace activist Scott Nearing , author Dorothy Frooks , reporter and author George Seldes , civil liberties advocate Roger Baldwin , and the American writer Henry Miller , among others . Beatty was awarded the Academy Award for Best Director and the film was nominated for Best Picture , but lost to Chariots of Fire . Beatty , Keaton , Nicholson and Stapleton were nominated for Best Actor , Best Actress , Best Supporting Actor and Best Supporting Actress , respectively . Stapleton was the only one of the four to win . Beatty was also nominated , along with co-writer Trevor Griffiths , for Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay , but lost to Chariots of Fire . Beatty became the third person to be nominated for Academy Awards in the categories Best Actor , Director and Original Screenplay for a film nominated for Best Picture . In June 2008 , the American Film Institute revealed its `` Ten Top Ten '' -- the best ten films in ten `` classic '' American film genres -- after polling over 1,500 people from the creative community . Reds was acknowledged as the ninth best film in the epic genre .", "title": "" } ]	fever
89567defc968cde57c82826ac4d0e3af	John Lennon died after 1987.	[ { "docid": "9c534c936701ddf595503e6ffe013702", "text": "John Lennon John Winston Ono Lennon , ( born John Winston Lennon ; 9 October 19408 December 1980 ) was an English guitarist , singer , and songwriter who co-founded the Beatles , the most commercially successful and musically influential band in the history of popular music . He and fellow member Paul McCartney formed a much-celebrated songwriting partnership . Born and raised in Liverpool , Lennon became involved in the skiffle craze as a teenager ; his first band , the Quarrymen , first became the Silver Beatles , and finally , evolved into the Beatles in 1960 . When the group disbanded in 1970 , Lennon embarked on a sporadic solo career that produced albums including John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band and Imagine , and songs such as `` Give Peace a Chance '' , `` Working Class Hero '' , and `` Imagine '' . After his marriage to Yoko Ono in 1969 , he added `` Ono '' as one of his middle names . Lennon disengaged himself from the music business in 1975 to raise his infant son Sean , but re-emerged with Ono in 1980 with the new album Double Fantasy . He was murdered three weeks after its release . Lennon revealed a rebellious nature and acerbic wit in his music , writing , drawings , on film and in interviews . Controversial through his political and peace activism , he moved to Manhattan in 1971 , where his criticism of the Vietnam War resulted in a lengthy attempt by Richard Nixon 's administration to deport him , while some of his songs were adopted as anthems by the anti-war movement and the larger counterculture . By 2012 , Lennon 's solo album sales in the United States exceeded 14 million and , as writer , co-writer , or performer , he is responsible for 25 number-one singles on the US Hot 100 chart . In 2002 , a BBC poll on the 100 Greatest Britons voted him eighth and , in 2008 , Rolling Stone ranked him the fifth-greatest singer of all time . He was posthumously inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 1987 , and into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame twice , in 1988 as a member of the Beatles and in 1994 as a solo artist .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "921169a470408622e920a5e550076d77", "text": "Seltaeb Seltaeb was a company set up in 1963 , by Nicky Byrne ( né Douglas Anthony Nicholas Byrne ) to exclusively look after merchandising interests on behalf of Brian Epstein , who managed NEMS Enterprises and The Beatles : John Lennon , Paul McCartney , George Harrison , and Ringo Starr . Directly prior to The Beatles ' first American visit , Brian Epstein wanted someone to manage the escalating volume of merchandising requests that NEMS found itself unable to cope with , and asked his lawyer , David Jacobs , to oversee this task . Jacobs knew Nicky Byrne and asked him if he would be interested in taking over the merchandising subdivision from NEMS altogether , paying NEMS a commission . Byrne accepted the offer subject to a 90 % rate , leaving only 10 % for the Beatles and NEMS combined . Completely unaware of the potential market that existed , particularly in America , Epstein agreed to the deal , and subsequently lost The Beatles an estimated $ 100,000,000 in possible income . In December 1963 Byrne took over the control of Stramsact in the UK , and then set up Seltaeb ( Beatles spelt backwards ) in the United States . Epstein was able to renegotiate a more favourable commission of 49 % in August 1964 , but then became embroiled in a three-year court battle with Byrne regarding payment of monies due , during which time potential sponsors lost interest . In August 1967 Epstein died , from what was ruled an accidental overdose of a prescribed drug . Jacobs was found hanged in his garage on 15 December 1968 . Byrne later retired to the Bahamas .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0e38015099cd6932690fb25c19033d33", "text": "Sony/ATV Music Publishing Sony/ATV Music Publishing LLC is an American music publishing company owned by Sony through Sony Entertainment . The company was founded as a division of Associated Television ( ATV ) in 1955 by Lew Grade . In 1985 , Michael Jackson acquired ATV Music Publishing for $ 47.5 million . Paul McCartney , who had told Jackson about the importance of owning publishing , admitted he felt somewhat undercut by the purchase , because ATV Music Publishing owned the publishing rights to most of The Beatles ' songs , although he did not enter the bidding when it came up for sale in 1984 . In December 1995 , Michael Jackson agreed to merge ATV Music Publishing with Sony Music Publishing , a division of Sony Corporation , to form Sony/ATV Music Publishing . In 2012 an investor consortium led by Sony/ATV Music Publishing acquired EMI Music Publishing for approximately $ 2.2 billion . Sony/ATV Music Publishing and EMI Music Publishing now operate as one company , with the former entity administering the catalogue of the latter under a complex business structure . Following the acquisition , the company became the largest music publisher in the world , with a library of over two million songs under its administration . On March 14 , 2016 , Sony announced that it had reached a deal to acquire the Jackson estate 's stake in the company . The deal was completed on September 30 , 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "17127a9c0077d7912b8aacffa36bb2f6", "text": "Yoko Ono Yoko Ono ( born February 18 , 1933 ) is a Japanese multimedia artist , singer , songwriter , and peace activist who is also known for her work in performance art and filmmaking . She performs in both English and Japanese . She is the second wife and widow of singer-songwriter John Lennon of the Beatles . Ono grew up in Tokyo and studied at Gakushuin . She withdrew from her course after two years and rejoined her family in New York in 1953 . She spent some time at Sarah Lawrence College , and then became involved in New York City 's downtown artists scene , including the Fluxus group . She first met Lennon in 1966 at her own art exhibition in London , and they became a couple in 1968 . With their performance Bed-Ins for Peace in Amsterdam and Montreal in 1969 , Ono and Lennon famously used their honeymoon at the Hilton Amsterdam as a stage for public protests against the Vietnam War . She brought feminism to the forefront in her music , influencing artists as diverse as the B-52s and Meredith Monk . Ono achieved commercial and critical acclaim in 1980 with the chart-topping album Double Fantasy , a collaboration with Lennon that was released three weeks before his death . Public appreciation of Ono 's work has shifted over time , helped by a retrospective at a Whitney Museum branch in 1989 and the 1992 release of the six-disc box set Onobox . Retrospectives of her artwork have also been presented at the Japan Society in New York City in 2001 , in Bielefeld , Germany , and the UK in 2008 , Frankfurt , and Bilbao , Spain , in 2013 and MOMA in New York City in 2015 . She received a Golden Lion Award for lifetime achievement from the Venice Biennale in 2009 and the 2012 Oskar Kokoschka Prize , Austria 's highest award for applied contemporary art . As Lennon 's widow , Ono works to preserve his legacy . She funded Strawberry Fields in Manhattan 's Central Park , the Imagine Peace Tower in Iceland , and the John Lennon Museum in Saitama , Japan ( which closed in 2010 ) . She has made significant philanthropic contributions to the arts , peace , Philippine and Japan disaster relief , and other causes . In 2012 Yoko Ono received the Dr. Rainer Hildebrandt Human Rights Award endowed by Alexandra Hildebrandt . The award is given annually in recognition of extraordinary , non-violent commitment to human rights . Ono continues her social activism , inaugurating a biennial $ 50,000 LennonOno Grant for Peace in 2002 and co-founding the group Artists Against Fracking in 2012 . She has a daughter , Kyoko Chan Cox , from her marriage to Anthony Cox and a son , Sean Taro Ono Lennon , from her marriage to Lennon . She collaborates musically with Sean Lennon .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a1f5f33808709ad8e10fd1f05fa9f0ca", "text": "This Is It (concerts) This Is It was a planned residency show of 50 concerts by Michael Jackson at the O2 Arena in London , scheduled to run from July 2009 to March 2010 . The shows were to be Jackson 's first major series of concerts since the HIStory World Tour finished in 1997 . With all concerts sold out , Jackson suffered a cardiac arrest and died less than three weeks before the first concert was scheduled to begin . Jackson announced This Is It at a press conference in the O2 Arena , stating that it would be his final series of concerts in London . AEG Live , the concert promoters , released a promotional video that took up an entire commercial break , setting a record for ITV . Initially only 10 concerts were announced , but following public demand 40 more concerts were added . Ticket sales broke several records and Jackson 's album sales increased following the announcement ; AEG Live estimated that the first 10 dates alone would have earned Jackson approximately # 50 million . In preparation for the concert series , Jackson had been collaborating with high-profile figures including fashion designer Christian Audigier , choreographer Kenny Ortega and bodybuilder Lou Ferrigno . Prior to Jackson 's death , Allgood Entertainment sued Jackson for $ 40 million , claiming that he had breached an exclusivity agreement with them by agreeing to the This Is It concerts . The case was dismissed . After Jackson 's death , AEG Live offered either refunds to ticket holders or a special `` souvenir '' ticket designed by Jackson . The cancelled shows , record-breaking ticket sales and potential for a world tour made This Is It `` the greatest concert -LSB- s -RSB- that never happened . '' Columbia Pictures acquired the footage of the rehearsals and released a concert film , Michael Jackson 's This Is It , accompanied by a compilation album of the same name .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3722301fe86dd9b5044bfd55b93192ac", "text": "Atlantic Records 40th Anniversary On May 14 , 1988 , the Atlantic Records label held its 40th Anniversary Celebration by staging a non-stop concert lasting almost 13 hours at Madison Square Garden , New York . The event was dubbed `` It 's Only Rock And Roll '' . Only artists who had released material on the Atlantic label in the United States performed , with the artists spanning the 40 years of the company 's existence . Lavern Baker and Ruth Brown were the longest tenured Atlantic acts to perform , while Debbie Gibson was the most recent Atlantic signing to make an appearance at the event . Some Atlantic signings , who had either officially split up or who had not performed together for a number of years , re-formed especially to perform at the concert . These artists included The Rascals , Iron Butterfly , and the former members of Led Zeppelin . Other notable performers included Yes , Genesis , Crosby , Stills & Nash , Keith Emerson and Carl Palmer ( representing Emerson , Lake & Palmer ) , Foreigner , Paul Rodgers , Bob Geldof , Booker T. Jones , Wilson Pickett , The Coasters , The Spinners , Peabo Bryson , The Blues Brothers ( featuring Dan Aykroyd and Sam Moore ) , Roberta Flack , The Manhattan Transfer , Bee Gees , Ben E. King and Vanilla Fudge . There had been plans to close the performance with a greatest hits all-star jam , but this idea was shelved . Instead , the former members of Led Zeppelin performed as the last act . The concert was broadcast live in the US on FM radio and HBO television , commentary for the latter being provided backstage by comedian Robert Townsend . HBO commenced its live broadcast a few hours into the event and interspersed footage of the concert which had been taped earlier by the network . In so doing , some of the artists ' sets were edited or omitted . An edited version aired later that year on ABC hosted by Robert Hays . Several banners heralding the reunion of Led Zeppelin band members were displayed like tapestry by excited fans , but , to their dismay , were taken down before HBO went with their live feed . The Audio was recorded by David Hewitt and Stanley Johnston on the Record Plant Black Truck . In the United Kingdom the event was broadcast over a period of four weeks by BBC 2 , presented as hour-long episodes . Atlantic Records later released this production on video under the title Atlantic Records 40th Anniversary : It 's Only Rock 'n' Roll . The release intercut concert footage with highlights from earlier performances , as well as older footage from the Atlantic archives .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d274ce0861ebf8bce32fcb86260e0d37", "text": "Beatlemania in the United Kingdom The phenomenon known as Beatlemania originated in the United Kingdom , birthplace of the Beatles , when the band first realised enormous popularity there in 1963 . Returning in 1962 from a highly formative two-year residency in Germany , the Beatles achieved a commercial breakthrough with their second UK single release , `` Please Please Me '' early in 1963 , but gained `` Superstar '' status with the release of `` She Loves You '' later that year . There followed an almost non-stop series of concerts and tours , attended with feverish enthusiasm across the UK , for the whole of the following year . The Beatles ' popularity in the UK came to exceed even that of the notable American artists Tommy Roe , Chris Montez and Roy Orbison , whose UK chart success at the time did not keep them from being overshadowed by the Beatles during their 1963 nationwide tours with the lower-billed band -- an achievement previously unknown for a UK act . With intense media interest in the Beatles during 1963 , the year was also taken up with TV shows , press interviews and a weekly radio show . Despite these demands the band found time for many sessions in the recording studio , releasing two albums and four singles during the year . 1963 was also the year when Lennon 's son Julian was born . By the end of 1963 , Beatlemania would begin to spread internationally . The single `` I Want to Hold Your Hand '' entered the US charts on 18 January 1964 , selling one-and-a-half million copies in under three weeks , and the following month the Beatles made their first visit to America . The great interest in the Beatles brought about a major change in US attitudes to popular music and marked the start of the phenomenon known as the British Invasion .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "49585150bf88fcdb2ab48e3edaa6abc1", "text": "Stuart Sutcliffe Stuart Fergusson Victor Sutcliffe ( 23 June 1940 -- 10 April 1962 ) was a British painter and musician best known as the original bass guitarist for the Beatles . Sutcliffe left the band to pursue his career as a painter , having previously attended the Liverpool College of Art . Sutcliffe and John Lennon are credited with inventing the name , `` Beetles '' , as they both liked Buddy Holly 's band , the Crickets . The band used this name for a while until Lennon decided to change the name to `` the Beatles '' , from the word beat . As a member of the group when it was a five-piece band , Sutcliffe is one of several people sometimes referred to as the `` Fifth Beatle '' . When he performed with the Beatles in Hamburg , he met photographer Astrid Kirchherr , to whom he was later engaged . After leaving the Beatles , he enrolled in the Hamburg College of Art , studying under future pop artist Eduardo Paolozzi , who later wrote a report stating that Sutcliffe was one of his best students . Sutcliffe earned other praise for his paintings , which mostly explored a style related to abstract expressionism . While studying in Germany , Sutcliffe began experiencing severe headaches and acute sensitivity to light . In April 1962 , he collapsed in the middle of an art class after complaining of head pains . German doctors performed various checks , but were unable to determine the exact cause of his headaches . On 10 April 1962 , he was taken to the hospital , but died in the ambulance on the way . The cause of death was later revealed to have been an aneurysm in his brain 's right hemisphere .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "23868457db777a6bcb07e660c3100d12", "text": "Linda McCartney Linda Louise , Lady McCartney ( née Eastman ; formerly See ; September 24 , 1941 -- April 17 , 1998 ) was an American musician , photographer , animal rights activist , entrepreneur and publisher who was married to Paul McCartney of the Beatles . Prior to marrying Paul , she was a professional photographer of celebrities and contemporary musicians , with her work published in music industry magazines . Her photos were also published in the book Linda McCartney 's Sixties : Portrait of an Era , in 1992 . Linda married McCartney in 1969 at St John 's Wood Church in London . Her daughter , Heather Louise , from her first marriage to Melville See , was adopted by her new husband . Together , the McCartneys had three other children . In 1971 , after they married and following the break-up of the Beatles the previous year , Paul and Linda McCartney recorded the album Ram . Shortly afterwards , they formed the band Wings . She continued to be part of her husband 's touring band following Wings ' break-up in 1981 up until The New World Tour in 1993 . She was an animal rights activist and wrote and published several vegetarian cookbooks , and founded the Linda McCartney Foods company with her husband . In 1995 she was diagnosed with breast cancer and died from the disease in 1998 at the age of 56 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fc537674f91ab1f4ccea2d59ac584b65", "text": "Classic Albums Live Classic Albums Live is a concert series based in Toronto , Ontario , in which musicians perform a classic rock album in its entirety . The series was founded in 2003 by Craig Martin , a musician who had previously produced a series of boutique cabaret shows as well as composed music for television and film . The musicians go to great lengths to faithfully recreate every sound on the original album . They have performed with orchestras , sitarists , choirs and schools . The shows are treated like recitals with the album being performed in its entirety followed by a ` greatest hits ' set of the featured artist . Albums that have been performed include Led Zeppelin 's Led Zeppelin , Led Zeppelin II and Led Zeppelin IV , Bruce Springsteen 's Born to Run , Supertramp 's Crime of the Century and Breakfast in America , the Rolling Stones ' Sticky Fingers and Exile on Main St. , Fleetwood Mac 's Rumours , Eagles ' Hotel California , Guns N ' Roses ' Appetite for Destruction , Pink Floyd 's The Dark Side of the Moon , Wish You Were Here , The Wall and Animals , Queen 's A Night at the Opera , and the Beatles albums Rubber Soul , Revolver , Sgt. Pepper 's Lonely Hearts Club Band , The Beatles ( AKA the `` White Album '' ) , and Abbey Road . In recent years , the series has presented concerts in a variety of cities , including Orlando , Florida , Los Angeles , Philadelphia , Akron , La Mirada , Jacksonville , Gainesville , Lakeland , Coral Springs , New York , New Jersey , Dallas , Houston , Uncasville , Connecticut , Las Vegas , Nevada , and Rochester , New York . On December 17 , 2006 , Classic Albums Live performed the entire 213-song Beatles song catalogue in one 13-hour concert at the Phoenix Concert Theatre in Toronto . A different lineup performs each album . There is a group of core musicians who are frequently part of the performances , including Nick Hildyard , Rob Phillips , Lindsay Clark , Leslea Keurvorst , Troy Feener , Clifton David , Dom Polito and Marty Morin . Occasionally , more famous Canadian musicians are brought in as well , including Mia Sheard , Kim Bingham , Nicholas Walsh , and ex-members of Moist . In some venues , they will bring in local musicians to fill needed spots . For example , on June 16 , 2006 , the group performed the Beatles ' Sgt. Pepper album at the Hard Rock Live in Orlando ; they brought in the Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra to fill in on the orchestral parts . When performing in Toronto , they usually play at Massey Hall . The producer of Classic Albums Live has created a musical called Gig which will run in 2016 . List of albums performed : The Beatles ' catalogue Led Zeppelin Led Zeppelin II Led Zeppelin IV Houses of the Holy Physical Graffiti In Through the Out Door Meddle The Dark Side of the Moon Animals Wish You Were Here The Wall A Night at the Opera Who 's Next Are You Experienced Boston Crime of the Century Breakfast in America The Last Waltz Rust Never Sleeps Harvest The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars OK Computer Ten Nevermind Regatta de Blanc Outlandos d'Amour The Joshua Tree London Calling Band on the Run Texas Flood Let It Bleed Sticky Fingers Some Girls Exile on Main St. Appetite for Destruction Highway to Hell Back in Black Born to Run Hotel California Rumours The Doors L.A. Woman Legend Pearl Paranoid Van Halen Thriller Purple Rain Nothing 's Shocking Woodstock 2112 Saturday Night Fever A Very Lennon Christmas Elton John Greatest Hits", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bb6dc3335453d82e1250eb8cb26e1b1a", "text": "Borrowed Time (John Lennon song) `` Borrowed Time '' is a song from John Lennon and Yoko Ono 's last album , Milk and Honey . While the single failed to chart in the United States , it charted at number 32 in the UK Singles Chart . The B-side features Ono 's song `` Your Hands '' from the same album .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8b0b1041bcb60cf3075268aecfab44ce", "text": "Hey Jude `` Hey Jude '' is a song by the English rock band the Beatles , written by Paul McCartney and credited to Lennon -- McCartney . The ballad evolved from `` Hey Jules '' , a song McCartney wrote to comfort John Lennon 's son , Julian , during his parents ' divorce . `` Hey Jude '' begins with a verse-bridge structure incorporating McCartney 's vocal performance and piano accompaniment ; further instrumentation is added as the song progresses . After the fourth verse , the song shifts to a fade-out coda that lasts for more than four minutes . `` Hey Jude '' was released in August 1968 as the first single from the Beatles ' record label Apple Records . More than seven minutes in length , it was at the time the longest single ever to top the British charts . It also spent nine weeks at number one in the United States , the longest for any Beatles single . `` Hey Jude '' tied the `` all-time '' record , at the time , for the longest run at the top of the US charts . The single has sold approximately eight million copies and is frequently included on professional critics ' lists of the greatest songs of all time . In 2013 , Billboard named it the 10th biggest song of all time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2f5347a45adab3b2279a264eb2b34f39", "text": "It's Alright (I See Rainbows) It 's Alright ( I See Rainbows ) is the sixth solo album by Yoko Ono , and her second release after the death of husband John Lennon . As a variation of a theme concerning its predecessor , the back cover features a transparent image of Lennon in a then-contemporary photo of Yoko and Sean , depicted in Central Park . This album marks her first foray into new wave sounds and 1980s pop production . It charted at # 98 in the US . All songs are written , composed , arranged , produced , and sung by Ono . In 1997 , the album was remastered by Ono and Rob Stevens for release on CD by Rykodisc .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e33dacfc1e536b51c4cca24199c2993e", "text": "A Hard Day's Night (film) A Hard Day 's Night is a 1964 British musical comedy film directed by Richard Lester and starring the Beatles -- John Lennon , Paul McCartney , George Harrison , and Ringo Starr -- during the height of Beatlemania . It was written by Alun Owen and originally released by United Artists . The film portrays several days in the lives of the group . The film was a financial and critical success . Time magazine rated it as one of the all-time great 100 films . British critic Leslie Halliwell described it as a `` comic fantasia with music ; an enormous commercial success with the director trying every cinematic gag in the book '' and awarded it a full four stars . The film is credited as being one of the most influential of all musical films , inspiring numerous spy films , the Monkees ' television show and pop music videos .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fe9761c0b629832c4a69965e2acb6339", "text": "Blue Jay Way `` Blue Jay Way '' is a song recorded by the English rock band the Beatles . Written by George Harrison , it was released in 1967 on the group 's Magical Mystery Tour EP and album . The song was named after a street in the Hollywood Hills of Los Angeles where Harrison stayed in August 1967 , shortly before visiting the Haight-Ashbury district of San Francisco . The lyrics document Harrison 's wait for music publicist Derek Taylor to find his way to Blue Jay Way through the fog-ridden hills , while Harrison struggled to stay awake after the flight from London to Los Angeles . As with several of Harrison 's compositions from this period , `` Blue Jay Way '' incorporates aspects of Indian classical music , although the Beatles used only Western instrumentation on the track , including a drone-like Hammond organ part played by Harrison . Created during the group 's psychedelic period , the track makes extensive use of studio techniques such as flanging , Leslie rotary effect , and reversed tape sounds . The song appeared in the Beatles ' 1967 television film Magical Mystery Tour , in a sequence that visually re-creates the sense of haziness and dislocation evident on the recording . While some reviewers have dismissed the song as monotonous , many others have admired its yearning quality and dark musical mood . The website Consequence of Sound describes `` Blue Jay Way '' as `` a haunted house of a hit , adding an ethereal , creepy mythos to the City of Angels '' . Among its continued links with Los Angeles , the song was one of the first Beatles tracks that cult leader Charles Manson adopted as the foundation for his Helter Skelter theory of an American race-related countercultural revolution . Artists who have covered the song include Bud Shank , Colin Newman , Tracy Bonham , Siouxsie and the Banshees and Greg Hawkes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1899b53095aec166beb3b7b1b1de9eb5", "text": "Meat City `` Meat City '' is a song written by John Lennon , released as the 12th and final track on his 1973 album Mind Games . The song is also the B-side of the single `` Mind Games '' , and is included on the 2010 album , Gim me Some Truth .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7a82966a00a6f17d606b35dc5ebe2e73", "text": "Beatles and Rolling Stones rivalry", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8f15aa6b5988fd5bcb0062e5a765c828", "text": "Tell Me Why (Beatles song) `` Tell Me Why '' is a song by English rock band the Beatles from their album A Hard Day 's Night . In North America , it was released on both the American version of A Hard Day 's Night and the album Something New . Credited to Lennon -- McCartney , it was written by John Lennon in either Paris or New York City and recorded in eight takes on 27 February 1964 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c02993992e8b4c1ef149c29eff67260b", "text": "Be Here Now Tour The Be Here Now World Tour was a world concert tour by English rock band Oasis in support of their third album Be Here Now . The tour , which spanned the UK , Europe , the US , Canada , Japan , Australia , Asia , and Latin America , included 85 shows over a period of several months in 1997 and 1998 . The tour started on 14 June 1997 in support of U2 at the KROQ Weenie Roast in Irvine , California , United States , and ended on 25 March 1998 at the Sports Palace in Mexico City , Mexico . With most shows being played during the autumn and winter months , a majority of the concerts were staged at indoor arenas and halls , in contrast to the larger outdoor venues typically featured on Oasis ' summer tours . Many performances were audio recorded by either broadcast media or concert attendees and have since been made available on various file-sharing outlets and fan web sites . A handful of performances were also carried by various television outlets throughout the world , including the 14 December concert at the G-Mex in Manchester , England . Fueled partly by worldwide stardom and drug use , the tour and corresponding album became `` infamous '' for the amount of excess and spectacle they provided . Accordingly , they marked the end of the cocaine era for Noel Gallagher . He would later say about the craziness and wild year on tour : `` I kid you not , there was a sound guy who quit because there was too much ` food ' ... and I thought ` sure it 's not the fucking coke you 've been taking ' '' . As the tour came to an end , the album 's reception had changed from rave and outstandingly positive to less-than satisfied and below average reviews with many critics restating that it was weak in comparison to the group 's first two records . They did , however , manage to maintain a large cult following in many countries such as Argentina , Brazil , Peru , Russia , Italy , Spain , South Korea and Japan where their public persona would strengthen even more over the subsequent decade .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f350bc8d7f5ceb0c50bc33cf42048724", "text": "George Lennon George Lennon ( 1900 -- 1991 ) was an Irish Republican Army leader during the Irish War of Independence and the Irish Civil War . In later years he became a dedicated pacifist .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "999677de8cee7065b32598806022f793", "text": "Bad to Me `` Bad to Me '' is a song credited to Lennon -- McCartney . In late interviews , John Lennon said that he wrote it for Billy J. Kramer with The Dakotas while on holiday in Spain . However , in a 1964 interview he said that he and Paul McCartney wrote it in the back of a van , so Paul contributed to it . Billy J. Kramer with The Dakotas released their recording of the song in 1963 and it became their first number 1 in the UK Singles Chart . Paul McCartney was present during the recording session at Abbey Road Studios . The single would be released in the US the following year , and become a top-ten hit there , reaching number 9 . It became one of the first occasions a Lennon -- McCartney composition made the US Top 40 recorded by an artist other than the Beatles ( the first being `` A World Without Love '' by Peter & Gordon ; another being `` Goodbye '' by Mary Hopkin ) . Bootlegs exist of Lennon 's original demo of the song , which was recorded on 31 May 1963 . An acoustic demo from the same era was released on iTunes in December 2013 on the album The Beatles Bootleg Recordings 1963 . Terry Black released a version of the song on his 1965 debut album , Only 16 . Graham Parker recorded a version of the song for the 2003 album Lost Songs of Lennon & McCartney , new versions of 17 Lennon -- McCartney songs that were originally released by other artists . Leif Garrett also recorded a version of the song for his self-titled debut album . Finnish rock band Hurriganes covered this song in their third album , Crazy Days . Recordings of `` Bad to Me '' as the Beatles may have performed it are available on the 1989 album by Bas Muys entitled Secret Songs : Lennon & McCartney and on the 1998 release It 's Four You by the Australian tribute band The Beatnix .", "title": "" } ]	fever
c2a4a8ccfa3a68fa0853f3e606aaa0c1	A reflex is made possible by neural pathways that act on an impulse before it reaches the brain.	[ { "docid": "db72cddd665a51680e7c1b802f68fc65", "text": "Reflex A reflex , or reflex action , is an involuntary and nearly instantaneous movement in response to a stimulus . A reflex is made possible by neural pathways called reflex arcs which can act on an impulse before that impulse reaches the brain . The reflex is then an automatic response to a stimulus that does not receive or need conscious thought .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "77fd02b05139ff44317ea228be5658ec", "text": "Cholinergic In general , the word choline refers to the various quaternary ammonium salts containing the N,N,N-trimethylethanolammonium cation . Found in most animal tissues , choline is a primary component of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine and functions with inositol as a basic constituent of lecithin . It prevents fat deposits in the liver and facilitates the movement of fats into the cells . The richest sources of choline are liver , kidney , brain , wheat germ , brewer 's yeast , and egg yolk . Neurologically , cholinergic is the abbreviated term referring to acetylcholine , ( the suffix - ergic means stimulating ) . The parasympathetic nervous system , which uses acetylcholine almost exclusively to send its messages , is said to be almost entirely cholinergic . Neuromuscular junctions , preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic nervous system , the basal forebrain , and brain stem complexes are also cholinergic . In addition , the receptor for the merocrine sweat glands are also cholinergic , since acetylcholine is released from postganglionic sympathetic neurons . In neuroscience and related fields , the term cholinergic is used in these related contexts : A substance ( or ligand ) is cholinergic if it is capable of producing , altering , or releasing acetylcholine ( `` indirect-acting '' ) or mimicking its behaviour at one or more of the body 's acetylcholine receptor types ( `` direct-acting '' ) . Such mimics are called parasympathomimetic drugs or cholinomimetic drugs . A receptor is cholinergic if it uses acetylcholine as its neurotransmitter . A synapse is cholinergic if it uses acetylcholine as its neurotransmitter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c184602eb491d816a6a4b958f4781143", "text": "Pupillary reflex Pupillary reflex refers to one of the reflexes associated with pupillary function . Types include : Pupillary light reflex Accommodation reflex See also : Pupillary response Although pupillary dilation is not usually called a `` reflex '' , it is still usually considered a part of this topic . Adjustment to close-range vision is known as `` the near response '' , while inhibition of the ciliary muscle is known as the `` far response '' . In `` the near response '' there are three processes that occur to focus an image on the retina . Convergence of the eyes , or the orientation of the visual axis of each eye towards an object in order to focus its image on each fovea , is the first of the three responses . This can be observed by the cross-eyed movement of the eyes when a finger is held up in front of a face and moved towards the face . Next , constriction of the pupil occurs . Because the lens can not refract light rays at the edges well , the image produced by the lens is blurry around the edges so the pupil constricts when one attempts to focus on nearby objects . Lastly , accommodation of the lens occurs . This is an alteration in the curvature of the lens that allows focus on a nearby object .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a739f5f8c79be400f0d81e47efe9a73b", "text": "Synactive Theory of Newborn Behavioral Organization and Development The Synactive Theory of Newborn Behavioral Organization and Development ( Synaction n. , or Synactive adj. -LSB- from the Greek syn `` together '' and the Latin actio `` action , '' resulting in : `` together in action '' -RSB- ) suggests that development of the human fetus , and later newborn , proceeds through the constant balancing of approach and avoidance behaviors , leading to : 1 ) a continuous interaction of the subsystems ( i.e. , Autonomic , Motor , State and Attention/Interaction , and Regulatory ) and their increasingly defined delineations within the organism , that is the infant , and 2 ) the organism 's interaction with the environment at large . This process is aimed at bringing about the increasingly well-defined species-unique developmental agenda . Figure 1 ( below ) , provides a graphic representation of the Synactive Theory of development , as applied to both fetal and newborn stages . It focuses upon the infant 's within-organism , four subsystems of functioning , and their continuous interaction with each other and with the environment across time ( i.e. , `` together in action , '' or synaction ) . The four subsystems include the : Autonomic Subsystem : Expressed in the pattern of respiration ( e.g. , fast , slow , pauses ) color changes ( e.g. , pink , pale , red ) , neurological indicators ( e.g. , seizures , tremulousness ) , and visceral or gut signals such as bowel movements , gagging , and hiccoughing ; Motor Subsystem : Observable through the tone , posture and movement patterns of the infant ; State and Attention/Interaction Subsystem : Expressed via : 1 ) the range of states available to the infant ( i.e. , deep sleep , light sleep , drowsy , alert , hyperalert , and cry ) , 2 ) how clearly it is to observably differentiate one state from the other , and 3 ) the patterns of transitions from one state to another ( e.g. , smooth well-differentiated state transitions versus abrupt unorganized state transitions ) . The attention/interaction system is set within this state continuum ( i.e. , from deep sleep to cry ) and represented by the infant 's ability to adjust the robustness and increasing refinement of an alert , attentive state . The infant uses this state to take in cognitive and social information from the environment as well as to bring forth and modify inputs from the surrounding world ; and Regulatory Subsystem : Behaviorally represented via the observable strategies the infant uses ( Self-Regulation ) in maintaining a balanced , relatively stable and relaxed state of subsystem of functioning or in returning to this a state of subsystem functioning if imbalance , or stress has occurred within the subsystems . An additional component of the regulatory subsystem is observable in the kind and amount of support offered by the caregiver ( e.g. , supporting a soft , tucked , flexed position of the infant 's arms and legs ) or by the environment ( e.g. , dimming the lights in the nursery ) . This Co-Regulation may be necessary to help the infant 's return to balance in situations when his/her own self-regulatory capacities are exceeded . Reproduced with permission from Als , H. Toward a synactive theory of development : Promise for the assessment of infant individuality . Infant Mental Health Journal . 1982 : ( 3 ) : 229-243 ; p. 234 . The graphic representation of the Synactive Theory above depicts the developing organism , that is , the infant , in constant interaction with the environment from within the womb to the newborn intensive care unit ( NICU ) , and the caregiving family 's support in the NICU , to the family in their home . Newborn infants are actively striving for their next steps in development , while depending upon `` good enough '' environments and care to assure progress along their developmental agenda . The Synactive Theory of Development continues to be instrumental in guiding clinicians ( e.g. , neonatologist , nurses , psychologists , developmental specialists , physical/occupational therapists , etc. ) and researchers in their understanding of the often very small steps in development that prematurely born and other high risk newborns attempt to accomplish ( which are major steps for their immature or injured brain ) . This theory gives professionals the framework and tools with which to identify the infant 's strengths , challenges and accomplishments . Such accomplishments may include breathing , sucking and swallowing in a coordinated sequence ; moving food down into and through the stomach and intestinal track instead of upwards , leading to reflux and vomiting ; looking at the caregiver and breathing at the same time , as well as many others . The Synactive Theory is the foundation of both : 1 ) the Assessment of Preterm Infants ' Behavior ( APIB ) , a standardized comprehensive newborn test , and 2 ) the Newborn Individualized Developmental Care and Assessment Program ( NIDCAP ) , which is the care and intervention approach , that focuses on each infant 's behavioral cues ( e.g. , hand ( s ) to mouth , bracing with feet against a supporting surface ) in order to support the infant 's strengths and reduce the infant 's vulnerabilities . The infant 's family is viewed as the infant 's most important nurturer and is integrated in all care from the infant 's birth on throughout the infant 's hospitalization .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c5a02deaf24fffdaf11078c4ed5d2e80", "text": "Bulbocavernosus reflex The bulbocavernosus reflex ( BCR ) , bulbospongiosus reflex ( BSR ) or `` Osinski reflex '' is a polysynaptic reflex that is useful in testing for spinal shock and gaining information about the state of spinal cord injuries ( SCI ) . Bulbocavernosus is an older term for bulbospongiosus , thus this reflex may also be referred to as the bulbospongiosus reflex .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7437bf5534a8ada4b0a697cd6572573f", "text": "Gastroileal reflex The gastroileal reflex is one of the three extrinsic reflexes of the gastrointestinal tract , the other two being the gastrocolic reflex and the enterogastric reflex . The gastroileal reflex is stimulated by the presence of food in the stomach and gastric peristalsis . Initiation of the reflex causes peristalsis in the ileum and the opening of the ileocecal valve ( which allows the emptying of the ileal contents into the large intestine , or colon ) . This in turn stimulates colonic peristalsis and an urge to defecate .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2f8f38fce5c7f0d525c4cd34b79d265d", "text": "Pacemaker potential In the pacemaking cells of the heart ( e.g. , the sinoatrial node ) , the pacemaker potential ( also called the pacemaker current ) is the slow , positive increase in voltage across the cell 's membrane ( the membrane potential ) that occurs between the end of one action potential and the beginning of the next action potential . This increase in membrane potential is what causes the cell membrane , which typically maintains a resting membrane potential of -70 mV , to reach the threshold potential and consequently fire the next action potential ; thus , the pacemaker potential is what drives the self-generated rhythmic firing ( automaticity ) of pacemaker cells , and the rate of change ( i.e. , the slope ) of the pacemaker potential is what determines the timing of the next action potential and thus the intrinsic firing rate of the cell . In a healthy sinoatrial node ( SAN , a complex tissue within the right atrium containing pacemaker cells that normally determine the intrinsic firing rate for the entire heart ) , the pacemaker potential is the main determinant of the heart rate . Because the pacemaker potential represents the non-contracting time between heart beats ( diastole ) , it is also called the diastolic depolarization . The amount of net inward current required to move the cell membrane potential during the pacemaker phase is extremely small , in the order of few pAs , but this net flux arises from time to time changing contribution of several currents that flow with different voltage and time dependence . Evidence in support of the active presence of K + , Ca2 + , Na + channels and Na + / K + exchanger during the pacemaker phase have been variously reported in the literature , but several indications point to the `` funny '' ( If ) current as one of the most important . ( see funny current ) . There is now substantial evidence that also sarcoplasmic reticulum ( SR ) Ca2 + - transients participate to the generation of the diastolic depolarization via a process involving the Na -- Ca exchanger .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0f08eff82b2de35899037479bb087fa3", "text": "Neuropil Neuropil ( or `` neuropile '' ) is any area in the nervous system composed of mostly unmyelinated axons , dendrites and glial cell processes that forms a synaptically dense region containing a relatively low number of cell bodies . The most prevalent anatomical region of neuropil is the brain which , although not completely composed of neuropil , does have the largest and highest synaptically-concentrated areas of neuropil in the body . For example , the neocortex and olfactory bulb both contain neuropil . White matter , which is mostly composed of axons and glial cells , is generally not considered to be a part of the neuropil . Neuropil ( pl . neuropils ) comes from the Greek : neuro , meaning `` tendon , sinew ; nerve '' and pilos , meaning `` felt '' . The term 's origin can be traced back to the late 19th century .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a2669dbb6efeaa9c44c4f83e673a3d88", "text": "Reflex camera A reflex camera is a camera that permits the photographer to view the image that will be seen through the lens , and therefore to see exactly what will be captured , contrary to viewfinder cameras where the image could be significantly different from what will be captured . A single-lens reflex camera typically uses a mirror and prism system ( hence `` reflex '' , from the mirror 's reflection ) to accomplish this . The mirrorless interchangeable-lens camera achieves the same result by providing the photographer with a digitally captured image . The twin-lens reflex camera provides both a viewfinder image and the reflected image from the actual camera lens . Category : Cameras by type", "title": "" }, { "docid": "48b0f86fffda28a0e16147858317faeb", "text": "Infant swimming Infant swimming is the phenomenon of human babies and toddlers reflexively moving themselves through water and changing their rate of respiration and heart rate in response to being submerged . The slowing of heart rate and breathing is called the bradycardic response . It is not true that babies are born with the ability to swim , though they have reflexes that make it look like they are . Babies are n't old enough to hold their breath intentionally or strong enough to keep their head above water . Most infants , though not all , will reflexively hold their breath when submerged to protect their airway and are able to survive immersion in water for short periods of time . Infants can also be taken to swimming lessons . Although this may be done to reduce their risk of drowning , the effects on drowning risk are not reliable . It is extremely important to note that while babies can imitate swimming motions and reflexes , they are not yet physically capable of swimming .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b3ed9c24a630a54f87eb0f0570d6b8cf", "text": "Law of effect The law of effect is a psychological principle advanced by Edward Thorndike in 1905 on the matter of behavioral conditioning ( not yet formulated as such ) which states that `` responses that produce a satisfying effect in a particular situation become more likely to occur again in that situation , and responses that produce a discomforting effect become less likely to occur again in that situation . '' This notion is very similar to that of the evolutionary theory , if a certain character trait provides an advantage for reproduction then that trait will persist . The terms `` satisfying '' and dissatisfying '' appearing in the definition of the law of effect were eventually replaced by the terms `` reinforcing '' and `` punishing , '' when operant conditioning became known . `` Satisfying '' and `` dissatisfying '' conditions are determined behaviorally , and they can not be accurately predicted , because each animal has a different idea of these two terms than another animal . The new terms , `` reinforcing '' and `` punishing '' are used differently in psychology than they are colloquially . Something that reinforces a behavior makes it more likely that that behavior will occur again , and something that punishes a behavior makes it less likely that behavior will occur again . Thorndike 's law of effect refutes the ideas of the book Animal Intelligence written by Romanes , stating that anecdotal evidence is weak and is typically not useful . The book stated that animals , like humans , think things through when dealing with a new environment or situation . Instead , Thorndike hypothesized that animals , to understand their physical environment , must physically interact with it using trial and error , until a successful result is obtained . This is illustrated in his cat experiment , in which a cat is placed in a shuttlebox and eventually learns , by interacting with the environment of the box , how to escape .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eaf697dd58049ef68ceea8016491f1f2", "text": "Spike directivity Spike directivity is a vector that quantifies changes in transient charge density during action potential propagation . The digital-like uniformity of action potentials is contradicted by experimental data . Electrophysiologists have observed that the shape of recorded action potentials changes in time . Recent experimental evidence has shown that action potentials in neurons are subject to waveform modulation while they travel down axons or dendrites . The action potential waveform can be modulated by neuron geometry , local alterations in the ion conductance , and other biophysical properties including neurotransmitter release .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7ab5643a3fe6570f7ca0e1de5565c65f", "text": "Metastability in the brain In the field of computational neuroscience , the theory of metastability refers to the human brain 's ability to integrate several functional parts and to produce neural oscillations in a cooperative and coordinated manner , providing the basis for conscious activity . Metastability , a state in which signals ( such as oscillatory waves ) fall outside their natural equilibrium state but persist for an extended period of time , is a principle that describes the brain 's ability to make sense out of seemingly random environmental cues . In the past 25 years , interest in metastability and the underlying framework of nonlinear dynamics has been fueled by advancements in the methods by which computers model brain activity .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d4de232a7d684bf0f3df703ddfe29435", "text": "Reflex seizure Reflex seizures may occur in reflex epilepsy ( also known as environmental epilepsy ) . They may also occur in other epilepsy syndromes or independently . They are seizures which are the result of sensory stimulation caused by the environment . The best known is photosensitive epilepsy . Reflex epilepsy is also an uncommon form of epilepsy , and can be confirmed by EEG and photosensitive testing .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8876cc9f5c65794dd2503d283eeab44e", "text": "Reflex arc A reflex arc is a neural pathway that controls a reflex . In vertebrates , most sensory neurons do not pass directly into the brain , but synapse in the spinal cord . This allows for faster reflex actions to occur by activating spinal motor neurons without the delay of routing signals through the brain . However , the brain will receive the sensory input while the reflex is being carried out and the analysis of the signal takes place after the reflex action . There are two types of reflex arc : autonomic reflex arc ( affecting inner organs ) and somatic reflex arc ( affecting muscles ) . However , autonomic reflexes sometimes involve the spinal cord and some somatic reflexes are mediated more by the brain than the spinal cord itself . During a somatic reflex , nerve signals travel along the following pathway : Somatic receptors in the skin , muscles , and tendons Afferent nerve fibers carry signals from the somatic receptors to the posterior horn of the spinal cord or to the brainstem An integrating center is the point at which the neurons that compose the gray matter of the spinal cord or brainstem synapse Efferent nerve fibers carry motor nerve signals to muscles Effector muscle innervated by the efferent nerve fiber that carries out the response . It is the pathway followed by sensory nerve in carrying the sensation from receptor organ to spinal cord and then the pathway followed by motor nerve in carrying the order from spinal cord to effector organ during a reflex action .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fc94ab0ba34979d9ff9fec4724efc3d5", "text": "Sensory neuron Sensory neurons also known as afferent neurons are neurons that convert a specific type of stimulus , via their receptors , into action potentials or graded potentials . This process is called sensory transduction . The cell bodies of the sensory neurons are located in the dorsal ganglia of the spinal cord . This sensory information travels along afferent nerve fibers in an afferent or sensory nerve , to the brain via the spinal cord . The stimulus can come from extoreceptors outside the body , for example light and sound , or from interoreceptors inside the body , for example blood pressure or the sense of body position . Different types of sensory neurons have different sensory receptors that respond to different kinds of stimuli .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a2880635d0df860174c07fdbb61c6676", "text": "Startle Evoked Movement Startle Evoked Movement ( SEM or startReact ) is the involuntary initiation of a planned action in response to a startling stimuli . While the classic startle reflex involves involuntary protective movements , SEMs can be a variety of arm , hand and leg actions including wrist flexion , and rising onto tiptoes . SEMs are performed faster than voluntary movements , but retain the same muscle activation characteristics . SEM has been used to study how the brain , spinal cord and brainstem can interact to produce movement , and provides a potential avenue of exploration for rehabilitation strategies for those with neurological impairments .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b3e57b31aec399f21db558c2e4b3a82b", "text": "Neural substrate of locomotor central pattern generators in mammals Central pattern generators are neural networks organized to produce any rhythmic output without requiring a rhythmic input . In mammals , locomotor CPGs are organized in the lumbar and cervical segments of the spinal cord , and are used to control rhythmic muscle output in the arms and legs . Certain areas of the brain initiate the descending neural pathways that ultimately control and modulate the CPG signals . In addition to this direct control , there exist different feedback loops that coordinate the limbs for efficient locomotion and allow for the switching of gaits under appropriate circumstances .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1ebc1559b34d5042cc9e4e568398949b", "text": "Pattern recognition (psychology) In psychology and cognitive neuroscience , pattern recognition describes a cognitive process that matches information from a stimulus with information retrieved from memory . Among others , the recognized patterns can be those perceived in facial features , units of music , components of language or characters and other symbols . One theory understands patterns as a set of characteristic features extracted from the stimulus , but it does not comprehensively describe the process or the role of context and there is a multitude of other theories with different approaches . Pattern recognition does not occur instantly , although it does happen automatically and spontaneously . Pattern recognition is an innate ability of animals .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c392ce98c5c86d5542432ee396b958ca", "text": "Retinal waves Retinal waves are spontaneous bursts of action potentials that propagate in a wave-like fashion across the developing retina . These waves occur before rod and cone maturation and before vision can occur . The signals from retinal waves drive the activity in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus ( dLGN ) and the primary visual cortex . The waves are thought to propagate across neighboring cells in random directions determined by periods of refractoriness that follow the initial depolarization . Retinal waves are thought to have properties that define early connectivity of circuits and synapses between cells in the retina . There is still much debate about the exact role of retinal waves ; some contend that the waves are instructional in the formation of retinogeniculate pathways , while others argue that the activity is necessary , but not instructional in the formation of retinogeniculate pathways .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "90c8ba352033818500b5f6ab85b44028", "text": "Lateral inhibition In neurobiology , lateral inhibition is the capacity of an excited neuron to reduce the activity of its neighbors . Lateral inhibition disables the spreading of action potentials from excited neurons to neighboring neurons in the lateral direction . This creates a contrast in stimulation that allows increased sensory perception . It is also referred to as lateral antagonism and occurs primarily in visual processes , but also in tactile , auditory , and even olfactory processing . Cells that utilize lateral inhibition appear primarily in the cerebral cortex and thalamus and make up lateral inhibitory networks ( LINs ) . Artificial lateral inhibition has been incorporated into artificial sensory systems , such as vision chips , hearing systems , and optical mice . An often under-appreciated point is that although lateral inhibition is visualised in a spatial sense , it is also thought to exist in what is known as `` lateral inhibition across abstract dimensions . '' This refers to lateral inhibition between neurons that are not adjacent in a spatial sense , but in terms of modality of stimulus . This phenomenon is thought to aid in colour discrimination .", "title": "" } ]	fever
25c0b6dfedada4280074e0b3b7a2252e	Gianluigi Buffon played starting goalkeeper for Parma.	[ { "docid": "2f10dfbc79ba914b2458099d0c6e4d34", "text": "Gianluigi Buffon Gianluigi `` Gigi '' Buffon ( -LSB- ˈdʒiːdʒi bufˈfɔn -RSB- , Ufficiale OMRI ; born 28 January 1978 ) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper . He captains both Serie A club Juventus and the Italy national team . He is widely regarded by players , pundits and managers to be one of the greatest goalkeepers of all time , and , by some , to be the greatest ever . Buffon is one of only eighteen players to have made at least 1,000 professional career appearances ; with 168 international caps , Buffon is also the most capped player in the history of the Italian national team , the joint fifth-most capped male international footballer of all time , alongside Iván Hurtado , and the most capped European international player ever . Buffon is known for his `` outstanding shot-stopping '' and for being `` a vocal organizer of the defence and a key dressing room personality '' . He is currently the most expensive goalkeeper in history , following his $ 53 million transfer from Parma to Juventus in 2001 . Buffon holds the record for the most clean sheets in Serie A , and with the Italy national team ; he also holds the record for the longest streak without conceding a goal in Serie A history : over 12 league matches , he went unbeaten for 974 consecutive minutes during the 2015 -- 16 season , as well as having achieved the most consecutive clean sheets ( 10 ) in Serie A in that same season . At club level , Buffon 's professional career began with Parma in 1995 , where he made his Serie A debut , and was soon promoted to the role of starting goalkeeper , earning a reputation as one of the most promising young goalkeepers in Italy ; during his time with the club , he won the Coppa Italia , the UEFA Cup and the Supercoppa Italiana , all in 1999 . After joining Juventus in 2001 , Buffon immediately won Serie A titles in both of his first two seasons at the club , and established himself as one of the best players in the world in his position . After winning two more consecutive league titles in 2005 and 2006 , the club were later stripped of these titles and relegated due to their involvement in the 2006 Italian football scandal . Despite rumours of his departure , Buffon remained with Juventus , contributing to the club 's Serie B title and promotion back to Serie A in 2007 . Following several trophyless seasons , Buffon later played a key role in Juventus ' resurgence , which saw the club win an Italian record of six consecutive league titles between 2011 and 2017 ; he also inherited the captain 's armband following the departure of Alessandro Del Piero in 2012 . In total , he has won eight Serie A titles , three Coppa Italia titles , and five Supercoppa Italiana titles with Juventus . With the Italy national team , Buffon has been called up for an international record of five FIFA World Cup tournaments ( 1998 , 2002 , 2006 , 2010 , 2014 ) since making his debut in 1997 , featuring in four of them as Italy 's starting goalkeeper ( he was an unused substitute in 1998 ) . He was the starting goalkeeper of the Italian team that won the 2006 FIFA World Cup , which saw him keep a record five clean sheets , and concede only two goals , neither of which were in open play . He has also represented Italy at four European Championships , at the 1996 Olympics , and at two FIFA Confederations Cups , winning a bronze medal in the 2013 edition of the tournament . Buffon has also won numerous , prestigious individual and team awards . He was named by Pelé in the FIFA 100 list of the world 's greatest living players in 2004 . He has been named the Serie A Goalkeeper of the Year a record eleven times . Buffon was the winner of the 2006 Yashin Award following Italy 's World Cup victory , in which he was also elected to be part of the Team of the Tournament ; an honour which he also received after reaching the quarter-finals of the 2008 European Championships , and the final of the 2012 European Championships . Buffon is the only goalkeeper to have won the UEFA Club Footballer of the Year Award , which he won in 2003 after reaching the Champions League final ; he also won the award for best Goalkeeper that year , and was voted into the UEFA Team of the Year in 2003 , 2004 , 2006 and 2016 . In 2006 , Buffon was runner-up for the Ballon d'Or and was elected to be part of the FIFPro World XI , an honour which he also achieved in 2007 . After reaching the 2015 Champions League final , he was named to the 2014 -- 15 UEFA Champions League Squad of the Season , and placed fourth in the 2015 UEFA Best Player in Europe Award . He has been named the IFFHS World 's Best Goalkeeper four times ( second only to Iker Casillas , with five awards ) and was also named the best goalkeeper of the 21st century , of the past 25 years , and of the decade , by the same organisation . In 2016 , he became the first goalkeeper ever to win the Golden Foot Award , which pertains to both personality and playing ability .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "27230b52ff02cba6b25f8b31166b52a0", "text": "Ignazio Abate Ignazio Abate ( -LSB- iɲˈɲattsjo aˈbate -RSB- ; born 12 November 1986 ) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a full-back for Milan in Serie A . A former winger , he is also capable of playing as a wide midfielder and as a wing-back ; he is renowned for his stamina , quick sprints , and ability to making attacking runs down the right wing , and is one of the fastest players in the top leagues of European football . Abate started playing football with amateur club Rescaldina , before joining Milan 's youth system in 1999 . From 2004 to 2009 he spent five years on various loan spells with several Italian clubs , before going back to Milan . He played an important role in helping Milan win their 18th Scudetto during the 2010 -- 11 Serie A season . Abate has represented the Italian national team and the Italian U21 national team , and also played for the Italian U19 national team and the Italian U20 national team . Prior to starring for the senior team , he represented his country in the 2008 Summer Olympics and 2009 European U-21 Championship . He made his senior international debut in November 2011 , in a friendly match against Poland , and has since then represented the country in UEFA Euro 2012 , winning a runners-up medal , at the 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup , winning a bronze medal , and at the 2014 FIFA World Cup . Nearly two years after his debut , Abate scored his first international goal against Germany in November 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ce8cca055f498da058fa969b9abcc7d", "text": "1992 Coppa Italia Final The 1992 Coppa Italia Final was the final of the 1991 -- 92 Coppa Italia , the 44th season of the top cup competition in Italian football . The match was played over two legs on 7 May and 14 May 1992 between Juventus and Parma . The final was won by Parma , who claimed their first Coppa Italia title with a 2 -- 1 aggregate victory .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fe2a984c96af60b742b4959237014e71", "text": "Roberto Magnani Roberto Magnani ( born January 13 , 1977 in Parma ) is a former Italian professional football player . He played one game in the Serie A in the 1994/95 season for Parma F.C. He represented Italy at the 1995 UEFA European Under-19 Football Championship where they won silver medals .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a7c3488dfbbede0e4250ba6358b92c9c", "text": "List of Parma Calcio 1913 players S.S.D. Parma Calcio 1913 is an Italian professional football club based in Parma , Emilia-Romagna , which currently plays in the Serie D . It was founded in 1913 as Parma Foot Ball Club , began playing league football in 1919 and moved into current home the Stadio Ennio Tardini in 1923 . Since those early days the club 's first team has competed in numerous nationally and internationally organised competitions . All players who have played in 100 or more such matches are listed below . Appearances and goals are for league matches only ; substitute appearances are included . Ivo Cocconi is the player who has made most appearances for the club in league competition , while William Bronzoni is the club 's record league goalscorer , having scored 78 league goals during his Parma career ; those goals coming in 201 matches in an eight-year period following the Second World War ending in 1953 . Hernán Crespo came close to beating that record , but just fell short when he left the club in early 2012 , scoring 72 times in the league . He does , however , hold the scoring record for all competitions , having netted 94 times .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "89891d28b8446821be792b13a2b0e5cb", "text": "Ronaldo Giovanelli Ronaldo Soares Giovanelli ( born 20 November 1967 ) is a retired Brazilian footballer . Although as a child he was a forward he spent his career as a goalkeeper .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a00262302a8c5573b46fe5e48ea43cf9", "text": "Parma Parma -LSB- ˈparma -RSB- ( Pärma ) is a city in the northern Italian region of Emilia-Romagna famous for its prosciutto ( ham ) , cheese , architecture , music and surrounding countryside . It is home to the University of Parma , one of the oldest universities in the world . Parma is divided into two parts by the stream of the same name . The district on the far side of the river is Oltretorrente . Parma 's Etruscan name was adapted by Romans to describe the round shield called Parma . The Italian poet Attilio Bertolucci ( born in a hamlet in the countryside ) wrote : `` As a capital city it had to have a river . As a little capital it received a stream , which is often dry '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "137bd8e432ca878944fa009ca967e24a", "text": "Fabio Cannavaro Fabio Cannavaro , Ufficiale OMRI ( -LSB- ˈfaːbjo kannaˈvaːro -RSB- ; born 13 September 1973 ) is an Italian former professional footballer and current manager of Chinese club Tianjin Quanjian . Cannavaro is considered to be one of the greatest defenders of all time . He spent the majority of his career in Italy . He started his career at Napoli , before spending seven years at Parma , with whom he won two Coppa Italia titles , the 1999 Supercoppa Italiana , and the 1999 UEFA Cup . After spells at Internazionale and Juventus , he transferred along with manager Fabio Capello from Juventus to Real Madrid in 2006 , with whom he won consecutive La Liga titles in 2007 and 2008 . After returning to Juventus for one season in 2009 -- 10 , he joined Al-Ahli in Dubai , where he retired from football in 2011 after an injury-troubled season . After his retirement , he became a member of the coaching staff of Al-Ahli , notably as global ambassador and technical director from 2011 to 2013 , and as an assistant coach from 2013 to 2014 . In November 2014 , he was appointed as head coach of Chinese club Guangzhou Evergrande . On June 9 , 2016 , he signed a contract with second tier Chinese club Tianjin Quanjian as manager . Cannavaro has also achieved success with the Italian national team . He was part of the Italy team that won consecutive Under-21 European Championships in 1994 and 1996 . After earning his first senior cap in 1997 , he helped his national team to the final of Euro 2000 , being named to the team of the tournament , and eventually became captain in 2002 , following Paolo Maldini 's retirement . Cannavaro led Italy to victory in the 2006 FIFA World Cup in Germany , and was given the nickname `` Il Muro di Berlino '' ( `` The Berlin Wall '' ) by the Italian supporters due to his defensive performances , which saw Italy keep five clean sheets and concede only two goals , neither of which were in open play ; he was later awarded the Silver Ball after being named the tournament 's second best player . In 2009 , he overtook Maldini as the most capped player in the country 's history . He retired from international football on 25 June 2010 following Italy 's failure to qualify for the knock-out stages of the 2010 World Cup , having amassed 136 caps and scored two goals for the senior national team . In total , he has represented Italy at four FIFA World Cups , two UEFA European Championships , the 1996 Summer Olympics , and the 2009 FIFA Confederations Cup . He is currently Italy 's second all-time appearance holder , behind Gianluigi Buffon , and has made the most appearances for Italy as captain ( 79 ) . He was named the 2006 FIFA World Player of the Year , and won the Ballon d'Or award in 2006 which made him the only defender to win the award in a decade and only the third of all time after Franz Beckenbauer and Matthias Sammer , both of Germany . In 2007 , he was in the six man shortlist for the Laureus World Sportsman of the Year . His younger brother Paolo is also a professional footballer , who plays for Italian side Sassuolo .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5acc93c0050112783f5324a12cafb690", "text": "Giovanni Viola Giovanni Viola ( 20 June 1926 -- 7 July 2008 ) was an Italian footballer who played as a goalkeeper . Although he represented several Italian clubs throughout his career , he is mostly remembered for his successful stint with Juventus , where he won three Serie A titles . At international level , he represented the Italy national football team at the 1954 FIFA World Cup .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2584e35d95babd82bfc055637fc0321f", "text": "Maurizio Scaramucci Maurizio Scaramucci ( born 21 August 1970 in Ascoli Piceno ) is an Italian retired footballer . He played as a goalkeeper . He played from 1989 for Ascoli youth teams . He made his debut in Serie A on 18 April 1992 against Cagliari . At the end of the season Genoa was relegated in Serie B , where Matteo played one match . He remained at Ascoli until 1993 , then he went to play in lower divisions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ed45ab12d4e3432e0e32bbba69867876", "text": "Luigi Scaglia Luigi Alberto Scaglia ( born 23 November 1986 ) is an Italian footballer who plays for Lega Pro club Parma .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fb5e0b16c7abac5f755adedbce50b6df", "text": "Alberto Brignoli Alberto Brignoli ( born 19 August 1991 ) is an Italian footballer who currently plays for Perugia on loan from Juventus as a goalkeeper .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "08ad0af67ab9a20d2086ed6b242dc2b3", "text": "1994–95 Juventus F.C. season Juventus Football Club won the league title for the first time in nine years . The Scudetto was won in the wake of defender Andrea Fortunato 's death from cancer during the course of the season . The title was dedicated to the 23-year-old , who had been established in the starting line-up before he got sick . This first Serie A success since the 1985 -- 86 season was accompanied by a Coppa Italia win over Parma . The Turin club won both legs , 1 -- 0 at the Stadio delle Alpi and 2 -- 0 at the Stadio Ennio Tardini . In the UEFA Cup , Juventus again met Parma in the final , having previously beaten Borussia Dortmund . This time , however , Juventus were defeated by Parma ( 0 -- 1 , 1 -- 1 ) , thus denying them a season treble .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ba9b3db7116ffc5374ed4f3a19c8f7ae", "text": "Enrique Vidallé Enrique Bernardo Vidallé ( born 7 May 1952 in Canals , Córdoba ) is a former Argentine football goalkeeper . He played for a number of clubs in Argentina and Palestino in Chile . Vidallé came through the Boca Juniors youth system to make his professional debut in 1972 , he stayed at the club until his move to Chilean team Club Deportivo Palestino in 1975 . Vidallé played a number of games for the Argentina national football team including appearances at the 1979 Copa América . Vidallé played for Gimnasia y Esgrima de La Plata in the late 70s and for their fiercest rivals Estudiantes de La Plata in the early 80s . Between 1982 and 1983 he played for Club Atlético Huracán before joining Argentinos Juniors in 1984 . Vidallé was part of the Argentinos Juniors team that won back to back league championships in the Metropolitano 1984 and the Nacional 1985 . They then went on to win the Copa Libertadores 1985 , with Vidallé facing a penalty shootout in the final . Argentinos went on to play in the Intercontinental Cup in 1985 which they lost to Juventus , and in the Copa Interamericana in 1986 , which they won 1-0 against Defence Force . Vidallé retired in 1987 at the age of 34 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "46058e11e5f934df2d05110bb569a71f", "text": "Carlo Cudicini Carlo Cudicini ( -LSB- ˈkarlo kudiˈtʃini -RSB- ; born 6 September 1973 ) is a retired Italian footballer who played as a goalkeeper . He is the son of the former Milan goalkeeper Fabio Cudicini , and the grandson of Ponziana defender Guglielmo Cudicini . Cudicini is currently a club ambassador and assistant to the first team head coach at Chelsea F.C. Cudicini started his professional career at Serie A side Milan in 1992 , but struggled to break into the first team and spent the 1993 -- 94 season on loan to Como , making six league appearances for the club . He switched permanently to Prato in 1995 and made 30 league appearances for the club before moving again to Lazio in 1996 . Having only made a single league appearance for Lazio , he moved again in 1997 , this time to Castel di Sangro . He made 14 league appearances in a three-year spell at the club before being loaned to Premier League side Chelsea for the 1999 -- 2000 season . He signed permanently for the English club in 2000 , and quickly dislodged Ed de Goey from the number one spot , being voted Chelsea 's Player of the Year for the 2001 -- 02 season and the ITV Premiership Goalkeeper of the Season for the 2002 -- 03 season . However , he struggled with injury for the following season , and Petr Čech was signed in 2004 ; Cech would displace Cudicini as the number one goalkeeper , with Cudicini only appearing sporadically afterwards . In 2006 , both Čech and Cudicini suffered head injuries in a game against Reading ; as Cudicini recovered sooner , and third-choice goalkeeper Henrique Hilário 's form dipped , he briefly took over the starting role , until Cech returned towards the end of January 2007 . Cudicini left Chelsea in 2009 , having made 141 league appearances for the club , and joined local rivals Tottenham Hotspur . At Tottenham , he remained second-choice or third-choice throughout his spell , and only made 19 league appearances for the club ; first Heurelho Gomes , then Brad Friedel and Hugo Lloris kept him out of the team . He left the club in 2012 , having made 19 league appearances . In 2013 , Cudicini signed for Los Angeles Galaxy . Cudicini played 20 times for the Italy under-18 team between 1990 and 1992 , and made a single appearance for the under-21 team during the 1992 -- 1993 season ; however , he never played for the full national team . In 2003 , during his successful period at Chelsea , the English FA attempted to select him for the England national team , but he was ineligible .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3b187d5fb16c5b78cf9620fc3d5b8186", "text": "Andrea Fulignati Andrea Fulignati ( born 31 October 1994 ) is an Italian footballer , who plays as a goalkeeper for Italian Serie A club Palermo .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fa0c3db1ec2d97e9e5089969a1e8e4f5", "text": "Antonio Mirante Antonio Mirante ( born 8 July 1983 ) is an Italian footballer who plays for Serie A club Bologna as a goalkeeper .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "39bd711b4bedf7f7a55c20fe154e47da", "text": "Manuel Scavone Manuel Scavone ( born 3 June 1987 ) is an Italian association footballer who plays for Parma as a midfielder .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9d0e87b93d512a79f24cad2e17ea7f19", "text": "Silvio Lafuenti Silvio Lafuenti ( or spells as La Fuenti ) ( born 9 August 1970 in Ostia Lido , Italy ) is a retired Italian footballer who played as a goalkeeper .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "891573ebfc5ebe05423161a7c64ff7a5", "text": "2001 Coppa Italia Final The 2001 Coppa Italia Final was the final of the 2000 -- 01 Coppa Italia , the 53rd season of the top cup competition in Italian football . The match was played over two legs on 24 May and 13 June 2001 between Parma and Fiorentina . The final was won by Fiorentina , who claimed their sixth Coppa Italia title with a 2 -- 1 aggregate victory .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8db6931c3df8837d3e751dc775b3ab15", "text": "Laurent Pionnier Laurent Pionnier ( born May 24 , 1982 in Bagnols-sur-Cèze , Gard ) is a French footballer who plays for Montpellier , as a goalkeeper .", "title": "" } ]	fever
b1fc4ad0d70e39c51057c54b18ed4847	Whiskey Tango Foxtrot is based on The Taliban Shuffle: Strange Days in Afghanistan and Pakistan.	[ { "docid": "79665a3f5d54a0fb27f829ca96eaee58", "text": "Whiskey Tango Foxtrot (film) Whiskey Tango Foxtrot is a 2016 American biographical war comedy-drama film directed by Glenn Ficarra and John Requa , and written by Robert Carlock , based on the memoir The Taliban Shuffle : Strange Days in Afghanistan and Pakistan by Kim Barker . The film stars Tina Fey , Margot Robbie , Martin Freeman , Christopher Abbott , Alfred Molina , and Billy Bob Thornton . It was released on March 4 , 2016 by Paramount Pictures , and was a box office bomb , grossing $ 24 million against its $ 35 million budget .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "a5952c516c47ce294350bdcbed3741ba", "text": "Afghan Breakdown Afghan Breakdown ( Афганский излом , translit . Afganskiy Izlom ) is a 1991 war drama film about the Soviet -- Afghan War directed by Vladimir Bortko and co-produced by Italy and the Soviet Union ( Lenfilm ) . Michele Placido plays the protagonist , Major Bandura , a commander of a unit of Soviet paratroopers , co-starring with several popular Soviet actors . The movie is still regarded by many movie critics as the best account of the war , despite newer box-office hits such as The 9th Company . Director Vladimir Bortko invited Mikhail Leshchinskiy ( a Soviet TV war reporter who worked in Afghanistan for 4.5 years ) as a co-writer and visited Kabul and Kandahar in 1988 to research on the ground . Nevertheless , according to the Russian writer and the Afghan War veteran Alexei Kozlachkov , the film lacked reliability and was ridden with technical and ideological mistakes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c0fea1553e3d5258dca6a82910e7d6c0", "text": "Theatre of Pakistan This article deals with topics pertaining to theatre of Pakistan . Theatre in Pakistan has been developed and influenced by the traditional Persian theatre as well as from classical Indian dance practices of the Mughal Empire . With the establishment of the Delhi Sultanate that began in the 10th and 11th centuries , theatre was discouraged or forbidden entirely . Later , in an attempt to re-assert indigenous values and ideas , village theatre was encouraged across the South Asia , developing in a large number of regional languages from the 15th to the 19th centuries . Modern Urdu theatre developed during the period of colonial rule under the British Empire , from the mid-19th century until the mid-20th . In 1855 , the enactment of the play Inder Sabha ( The Heavenly Court of Indra ) written by Agha Hasan Amanat in the courtyard of the last Nawab of Oudh , Wajid Ali Shah , has been highly regarded as the beginning of Urdu theatre . Pakistan has a growing theatre culture , with English and Urdu theatre being the dominant forms . Today , the major competition with theatre is that represented by growing television industry and the spread of films produced in the Pakistani film industry based in Karachi and Lahore , known as `` Lollywood '' . Lack of finance is another major obstacle .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ad6636ba35633dbb83fdc1cc5dd55612", "text": "Zarsanga Zarsanga is a famous Pashto singer from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , Pakistan . She is widely known as The Queen Of Pashtun Folklore . She was born in 1946 at Zafar Mamakhel , a small village of Lakki Marwat . She belongs to a nomadic tribe called Kutanree ( Kutan ) . They travel between Pashtun area from Punjab and Sindh . They do n't settle permanently in one place . Their main profession is singing . Their main travelling route is through Bannu Road from Dera Ismail Khan and up to Kohat and Peshawar . Some of them travel as far as Afghanistan and stay there in Summer and return to Lakki Marwat during the winter . In 1965 , she married Malla Jan , a resident of Sarai Naurang , Lakki Marwat who was also a nomad . Many people believe she is married to popular folk singer Khan Tehsil , but she denies the rumours and to this day says Khan tehsil is her husbands cousin : `` Actually I sang with him on many occasions and most of our joint songs got immense popularity . He is not my husband he is just like my own brother '' . Zar Sanga has three daughters and six sons . Only Shahzada , her second son , has stepped into the world of music . At the start of her career , Zar Sanga would listen to the songs of Gulnar Begum , Kishwar Sultan , Bacha Zarin Jan , Khyal Muhammad , Ahmad Khan and Sabz Ali Ustad . `` I liked all of them , but I have maintained my own traditional way of folk singing . The people would earnestly enjoy my songs on both sides of the Durand Line ( Pakistan-Afghan border ) . `` I got no education so I can not sing from a written paper . Most often I sing the songs that are composed and created by the common folk . However my husband also wrote some of my popular songs '' , she said . A French researcher , Miss Kia , who worked with Radio France , once said Zar Sanga 's voice was the only mountainous voice in the Pashto language . Miss Kia took Zar Sanga to France for a musical concert . In France , many people were fascinated by her sweet melodies . The Pashto singer described a concert in London : `` I was singing a traditional folk song in Pashto about the mountains and gypsy life of the tribals and when I finished it , a British person came close to me and proudly remarked that he was also a gypsy . '' The famous musical numbers of Zar Sanga , which she never misses at any musical event she plays are Da Bangriwal Pa Choli Ma Za ( her first-ever song on radio ) , Zma Da Khro Jamo Yara , Rasha Mama Zwi De , Zma Da Ghrono Pana Yara , and Kht Me Zanzeri De . Zar Sanga has been to Germany , Belgium , Iraq , Dubai , America , France and UK and has enthralled thousands of Pakhtuns and local people with her voice .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c130baf3f7dc3a85257bcf2c20c91431", "text": "Tarinkot Tarinkot or Tarin Kowt is the capital of Urozgan Province ( also written `` Uruzgan '' ) in southern Afghanistan in the Tarinkot District . Tarinkot city has a population of 71,604 ( 2015 ) , with some 200 small shops in the city 's bazaar . In Tarinkot district , two major Pashtun tribal confederations are represented , Tareen tribes : Popolzai , Barakzai , Nurzai , Achakzai ; and the Ghilzai tribes : Tokhi , Hotak . There are no medium or large-scale economic enterprises in the city . The provincial governor , currently Asadullah Hamdam , lives and works in a compound adjacent to the bazaar . Tarinkot is a Provincial Centre in south central Afghanistan . The majority of land is classified as non built-up ( 69 % ) of which agriculture is 67 % . Residential land accounts for 47 % of built-up land . The airport is located within the municipal boundaries , accounting the second largest built-up land use ( 24 % ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "76b90aeed7d4385c3a66cc5043ed00ff", "text": "Nickel Creek discography This article represents the discography of progressive bluegrass band Nickel Creek . They have released six studio albums , one compilation album , as well as eight singles . Nickel Creek 's first widely known album , Nickel Creek , was released in 2001 . It charted within the Top 20 of the Billboard Top Country Albums charts . The album featured three singles : `` When You Come Back Down '' , `` The Lighthouse 's Tale '' , and `` Reasons Why '' . The first two charted to number 48 and number 49 on the Billboard Hot Country Songs charts , whereas the third single failed to chart . Also in 2001 , the band were featured with Dolly Parton on `` Shine '' , a cover of the pop group Collective Soul 's signature song . The song was released as a single from Parton 's album Little Sparrow , and also featured a music video . Nickel Creek was then certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America on February 4 , 2004 . In 2003 , they released their critically acclaimed album This Side . It was success on the Top Country Albums chart , debuting and peaking at number 2 , as well as their first album to chart within the Top 20 of the Billboard 200 , where it reached number 18 . It was also a number-one album on the Billboard Top Bluegrass Albums chart . The album only spawned one chart single with its title track . It peaked at number 56 on the country charts . Their fifth studio album , Why Should the Fire Die ? , was released in 2005 . Like its predecessor , it too , made the Top 20 of the Billboard 200 , but failed to enter the Top Country Albums chart . One single was released , `` When in Rome , '' but it failed to chart . The band 's sixth studio album , A Dotted Line , was released April 1 , 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6fb2053e1aa701418368a8db79a5c8f6", "text": "Kharoti Kharoti ( Pashto : خروټی ) is a Pashtun tribe of Ghilji origin based in parts of Afghanistan and Pakistan . Many of the Kharoti have business in gulf countries and Pakistan . They have an estimated population of about 5.5 million , making it one of , if not the largest tribes in Afghanistan , Pakistan with significant territory throughout eastern and south-eastern Afghanistan . There are major Kharoti populations in the Paktika districts of Urgun , Barmal , Sar Hawza , Zarghun Shahr , Omna , Surobi and Gomal . The Kharoti also have a strong presence in balochistan , dera ismail khan and karachi and Ghazni , Zabul , Paktia , Khost , Logar , Wardak , Kabul , Nangarhar and Helmand .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "522eb967861e667041859c9fb1891410", "text": "Roshan (telco) Roshan is a leading Afghan telecommunications provider , serving nearly 6.0 million active subscribers . In January 2003 , Roshan was awarded the second GSM license in Afghanistan . This was at a time when there was only one other mobile phone operator ( Afghan Wireless ) in Afghanistan . Due to decades of civil wars . there was almost only limited telecommunications infrastructure in place in the country . Prior to the fall of the Taliban , phone lines were not accessible to the population , and Afghans had to travel abroad to make international calls . Roshan , which means `` light '' or `` hope '' in Persian , is one of Afghanistan 's leading telecommunications providers . Today , Roshan 's GSM network reaches 240 cities and towns across all of Afghanistan 's 34 provinces . The network covers over 60 % of the population , including the most remote rural areas . Roshan is one of the largest investors , private companies and taxpayers in Afghanistan . It has invested nearly $ 600 million in the telecommunications infrastructure in Afghanistan . Roshan is also continuing to expand its network in areas where there is no or limited cellular coverage . Roshan employs over 1,100 people , of whom 20 % are women . Indirectly , the company has added over 30,000 jobs to the Afghan economy through its top-up stations , retail stores and public call offices . Roshan introduced 3G in April 2013 . It was the third company in the market to have been granted a 3G license after Etisalat ( UAE-based telecom ) , and MTN ( South Africa-based telecom ) , waiting to ensure it could deliver the highest quality service . It has 3G service in Kabul , Jalalabad , Kandahar , Mazar , Herat , and Kunduz .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5171ca033dee678892150bf11b2b668", "text": "Whiskey Tango Foxtrot (novel) Whiskey Tango Foxtrot is a 2014 debut novel by David Shafer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ef8e08c504111cc24e2d3e3b3f99f69c", "text": "Maryam Mahboob Maryam Mahboob is an Afghan author known for her writing on Afghan migrants , and on patriarchy in Afghan society . Mahboob was born in Maimana , Afghanistan in 1955 . Due to her father 's employment with the Afghan government , she got to experience the lifestyle of Afghan women in different parts of the country . She completed her secondary education in Kabul , and attended Tehran University for her Master 's degree . Following the Russian occupation of Afghanistan in 1979 , Mahboob left the country to move first to Pakistan , and then to Delhi , India in 1981 . Along with other Afghan expatriates , Mahboob started the journal Gahnama ( `` irregular journal '' ) to express cultural resistance against both the communist government of Afghanistan and the Mujahideen . However , facing pressure from the Mujahideen amongst the Afghan community in India , she migrated once again to move to Canada in 1983 . Mahboob produced most of her major fiction works while in diaspora . Her works concentrate on the suppression and marginalization of women , while also expressing a revolt against the social norms and attitudes towards women .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "881a2424b1487cb1d30df7ac02761246", "text": "Fazle Haq Lieutenant General Fazle Haq , ( Urdu : فضل حق ; HI ( M ) , HPk ( 10 September 1928 - 3 October 1991 ) ) , was a high-ranking general in the Pakistan Army , and the former martial law administrator ( MLA ) of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan . He was the `` Corps-Commander '' of the XI Corps , and commanded all the Pakistan Army assets assigned in the Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa Province . He commanded the combatant brigades , and supervised the clandestine covert network during the Soviet war in Afghanistan . He was one of the leading generals who led the Pakistan Combatant Forces during the Soviet war in Afghanistan . As military administrator , he had set up a network of training of the Afghan mujahideen . Under his command , the elements of Pakistan 's administrative XI Corps participated in numerous operations against the Soviet Union . He served as a chief military administrator ( governor ) throughout the military dictatorial rule of General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq from 1978 till 1985 and also served as the caretaker chief minister of the province in the latter half of 1988 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eb31652b0aad0449e06e7bfb322e83d9", "text": "Yalghaar Yalghaar ( -LSB- ; meaning `` Assault '' or `` Attack '' ) previously known as Delta Echo Foxtrot is a Pakistani war-epic film directed by Hassan Rana . it is most awaited movie of Pakistan , because of its different story , directions & big budget of 60 crores , The film is produced by MindWorks Media and is based on the true story of Pakistan Army 's Swat Operation . The film `` explores what happens in the lives of those involved , including the militants and how all of them are affected at a personal level because of the ongoing operation '' . It stars Shaan Shahid in the lead role , along with Humayun Saeed , Adnan Siddiqui , Armeena Khan , Aleeze Nasser , Ayesha Omer and Sana Bucha . It is the most expensive Pakistani movie to date . Apart from budget and extensive cast , the film features 150 written characters . On 19 December 2014 , Hassan Waqas Rana revealed that this film is a tribute to slain children of the 2014 Peshawar school attack .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "94ef409a828bfbb652624cff46571968", "text": "Government of Balochistan, Pakistan Government of Balochistan ( -LSB- ) is based in the largest province of Pakistan in Quetta . The head of the province is the Governor , who is nominated by the President of Pakistan . While the head of the Government of Balochistan is the Chief Minister who is elected by the Balochistan Assembly . The province of Balochistan ( or Baluchistan ) in Pakistan contains most of historical Balochistan and is named after the Baloch . Neighbouring regions are Iranian Balochistan to the west , Afghanistan and Federally Administered Tribal Areas , Pakistan to the north and Punjab and Sindh to the east . To the south is the Arabian Sea . The principal languages in the province are Baluchi , Pashto , Brahui , and Persian .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "75a3bcf95364e335289c04be3557c84a", "text": "Mohammad Nasim Faqiri Mohammad Nasim Faqiri ( محمد نسیم فقیری ; born 1958 ) is an Afghan politician and diplomat . He has served as a longtime spokesman for Jamiat-e Islami in Afghanistan , and was appointed Secretary General of the organization . In May 2005 , prior to Afghanistan ` s first post-Taliban elections for its national legislature , the Wolesi Jirga and Provincial Councils , the Pak Tribune , quoted Faqiri discussing his party forming alliances with other parties with a mujahedin background , including the Daawat-i-Islami . In August 2005 , the Pak Tribune quoted Faqiri responding to allegations that some members of his party had committed war crimes . He has also worked as a diplomat in Australia . In June 2010 , a special Loya Jirga to seek the opinions of Afghanistan ` s elders was convened on the best way to bring peace . Faqiri was one of representatives from Lagham Province . He spoke in favor of a reconciliation with the Taliban .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9b829cf052ef82a7e60f492d8da447d3", "text": "Afghan Luke Afghan Luke is a 2011 Canadian film directed by Mike Clattenburg . The central character , Luke Benning ( Nick Stahl ) , is a journalist investigating the possible mutilation ( by Canadian snipers ) of corpses in Afghanistan , a country that appears increasingly incomprehensible and surreal as Luke undergoes a series of bizarre adventures .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a2e4a3c4b5bf16c7e3a5b19720145300", "text": "Crosspicking Crosspicking is a technique for playing the mandolin or guitar using a plectrum or flatpick in a rolling , syncopated style across three strings . This style is probably best known as one element of the flatpicking style in bluegrass music , and it closely resembles a banjo roll , the main difference being that the banjo roll is fingerpicked rather than flatpicked . A typical element of the technique is the use of three pitches played repeatedly within a four-pulse rhythm . This results in a continual shifting of the pitches vis-a-vis the accented pulse . The three pitches are usually played on three adjacent strings -- one per string . The pick direction can vary , depending on the required emphasis and the melody . Mandolin player Jesse McReynolds used a crosspicking roll of down - up - up / down - up - up ... creating a repeating pattern of notes that expresses the melody . Guitarist George Shuffler used a pick pattern of down - down - up / down - down - up / down - up . The traditional banjo roll form is down - down - up / down - down - up / down - down - up ... ; this helps to accentuate the `` threes '' nature of the pattern against the `` four '' rhythm . The other way is using strict alternate picking : down - up - down / up - down - up / down - up - down ... . This may be more comfortable for players who are using alternate picking for most of their playing . In actuality , one ( or more ) of the three pitches may be varied from one repetition of the pattern to the next , for instance the top note could be toggled up and down one step .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d16b051f9f7cd3e00faf1223cde834e3", "text": "Operation Midnight Jackal Operation Midnight Jackal was a covert-intelligence operation that was widely reported as one of high profile political scandal during the first government of Prime minister Benazir Bhutto in 1989 . The Midnight Jackal was exposed by ISI in a sting operation of theirs , when it had obtained a tape from Intelligence Bureau ( IB ) containing a conversation of two active-duty army officers and a rogue ISI operative regarding toppling down the government . This ring was headed by a ISI rogue agent Brigadier-General Imtiaz `` the Cat '' Ahmed , who was widely regarded as the mastermind of this plot . The tape exposed the conversation of another rogue agent Major Amir Khan , who revealed that General Mirza Aslam Beg , the then-Chief of Army Staff , with the backing of the conservative President Ghulam Ishaq Khan , had ambitions to topple the Benazir Bhutto 's government , and to bring a more conservative Nawaz Sharif and other conservatives in power instead . Due to the lack of sufficient evidence against the Chief of Army Staff , his court martial could not take place . The Judge Advocate General Corps launched the full-fledged military inquiry against the Brigadier-General Ahmed and Major Amir Khan , subsequently ending their military careers . The military investigators and military lawyers of prosecution revealed that Major Amir Khan was the architect of the Midnight Jackal , under the auspicious of Brigadier-General Ahmed . The investigations revealed that some members of the establishment wanted to pay hefty bribes to the senior leadership of Benazir Bhutto 's Peoples Party to bring the vote of no confidence movement in the Parliament , according to the VII Amendment . The military lawyers also reported that the objectives of the Midnight Jackal were to support Nawaz Sharif as the establishment was said to have `` liked '' or preferred Sharif as a country 's prime minister , and was a part of his political camp . Major Amir Khan told his military lawyers that : `` Nawaz Sharif was more acceptable to the -LSB- Pakistan -RSB- Army than Benazir Bhutto , and the establishment was against of every leader who had people 's mandate behind them . They prefer weak leaders like Sharif , which the Army could control '' , Major Amir Khan maintained .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "44ab1800e6f63aceaa9dd204f76d1aac", "text": "Haqqani network The Haqqani network is an Afghan guerilla insurgent group using asymmetric warfare to fight against US-led NATO forces and the government of Afghanistan . Maulvi Jalaluddin Haqqani and his son Sirajuddin Haqqani lead the group . The group is based in Afghanistan , where it operates .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f62d5f9f4d3a820aa446c3dd236c1233", "text": "Love Shuffle is a Japanese television drama series that aired on TBS from 16 January to 20 March 2009 . The theme song of the series is Fantasy by Earth , Wind & Fire . Usami Kei is a salaryman who has risen in status due to his engagement with Mei , the wealthy daughter of his company 's president . Shortly after she breaks off the engagement , a power failure leaves him stuck in the elevator of his apartment building . Trapped with him are three others living on the same floor - Airu , a trilingual interpreter , Ojiro , a model photographer , and Masato , a psychiatrist . While waiting , their conversation hits upon their love lives and the question of whether there is truly only one fated partner for everyone . As a result , they decide to try `` shuffling '' their relationships with each other . -- Tokyograph", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b332c659b4224a89839b1f57c1bf4cb3", "text": "Miri Maftun Miri Maftun , also written as Mehri Maftun , is an Afghan musician . Maftun was born during the 1930s in the province of Badakhshan . He specialized in authentic instruments , principally the dambura ( a two string lute ) , the harmonium and the ghaychak ( a two string violin ) . He combines the music styles from the region of Badakhshan ( Northern Afghanistan ) with each other and mixes musical elements of different ethnic origins of other Central Asian region 's as well . In the West , Maftun is mainly known as an instrumentalist ; in Afghanistan he is known as a singer as well . His texts vary from romantic and humoristic to social critic . Maftun knew to survive in a country where music had been forbidden by the Taliban . He performed in Europe as well , like in 2001 in Arnhem in the Netherlands . In 2001 he was honored with an international Prince Claus Award `` for his musical talents and his role as a culture medium of the traditional music of North Afghanistan . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b3ae95e6a19c787ea29989c3905fee6f", "text": "Qasba Aligarh massacre The Qasba -- Aligarh massacre was an ethnic clash that erupted when armed Pashtuns attacked densely populated Muhajir/Bihari settlements in Qasba Colony , Aligarh Colony and Sector 1-D of Orangi Town in Karachi in the early hours of the morning on 14 December 1986 . According to official reports , around 49 people were killed ( unofficial reports are significantly higher at 400 ) and several hundred were injured in what was perceived as a `` revenge killing '' by the Pashtuns following an unsuccessful raid on an Afghan heroine processing and distribution centre in Sohrab Goth by the security forces . Most of the residents of the two colonies happened to be Biharis who had been freshly repatriated from Bangladesh and Muhajirs . The locality is situated within limits of Karachi city and consists of poor and lower middle class Mohajir families living side by side by Pashtuns residing on the adjacent hills populated primarily by Afghan migrants who settled during the Afghan-Soviet War . During planned development of the city in 1960 's and 70 's it was constructed by the government as colony for journalists where amenity plots were handed out to the residents . Due to the distance from the city most allottees sold their plots moving themselves to central areas . The place was thereon heavily dominated by the muhajir community .", "title": "" } ]	fever
6493ff40d68d8b9072307e599a42b94c	Rashida Jones co-wrote a screenplay.	[ { "docid": "c088f1a6da6158b33e4b464e804cee8f", "text": "Rashida Jones Rashida Leah Jones ( born February 25 , 1976 ) is an American actress , comic book author , producer , singer , and screenwriter . She is known for playing Ann Perkins on NBC 's comedy Parks and Recreation , Louisa Fenn on Fox 's Boston Public and Karen Filippelli on The Office , as well as a small role in the TV show Freaks & Geeks . She has had film roles in I Love You , Man ( 2009 ) ; Our Idiot Brother ( 2011 ) ; The Social Network ( 2010 ) ; The Muppets ( 2011 ) and Celeste and Jesse Forever ( 2012 ) , for the last of which she also wrote the screenplay . She now plays the lead role in the TBS comedy series Angie Tribeca , and recently co-wrote the screenplay for Toy Story 4 .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "56e7f373df517aabc0103d6549e7f95c", "text": "Drumline: A New Beat Drumline : A New Beat is a 2014 American television film directed by Bille Woodruff . It is the sequel to 2002 's Drumline . The screenplay , a fictional story about a historically black college marching band , was written by Karen Gist and Regina Hicks . The story is about a young drummer from New York , played by Alexandra Shipp , who enters the fictional Atlanta A&T University and bumps heads with the leader of her new school 's drum section . Jordan Calloway , Mario Van Peebles , and LeToya Luckett co-star . Leonard Roberts reprises his role as Sean Taylor , while Nick Cannon reprise his role as Devon Miles . Cannon also serves as the film 's executive producer . The film was released to DVD on March 3 , 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e76e91231a6cca0dfe83c5833043eda8", "text": "Bridget Jones Bridget Jones is a franchise based on a fictional character of the same name . British writer Helen Fielding started her Bridget Jones 's Diary column in The Independent in 1995 , while chronicling the life of Jones as a thirtysomething single woman in London as she tries to make sense of life and love with the help of a surrogate `` urban family '' of friends in the 1990s . The column lampooned the obsession of women with women 's magazines such as Cosmopolitan and wider social trends in Britain at the time . Fielding published the novelisation of the column in 1996 , followed by a sequel in 1999 called Bridget Jones : The Edge of Reason . Both novels were adapted for the big screen in 2001 and 2004 , starring Renée Zellweger as Bridget Jones , and Hugh Grant and Colin Firth as the men in her life : Daniel Cleaver and Mark Darcy , respectively . After Fielding had ceased to work for The Daily Telegraph in late 1998 , the feature began again in The Independent on 4 August 2005 and finished in June 2006 . Helen Fielding released a third novel in 2013 , Bridget Jones : Mad About the Boy , which is set 14 years after the events of the second novel . The fictional character `` Bridget Jones '' was named on the 2016 Woman 's Hour Power List as one of seven women judged to have had the biggest impact on women 's lives over the past 70 years , alongside Margaret Thatcher , Barbara Castle , Helen Brook , Germaine Greer , Jayaben Desai and Beyoncé .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "84e6b81b5022e4a570982c1e24a03460", "text": "Jonesing", "title": "" }, { "docid": "45505449c74da8e3c7a455da1a5aaec5", "text": "Rukky Sanda Rukky Sanda is a Nigerian actress , film producer and director .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2051193d27db1968c2996a44c47bcc42", "text": "Edward P. Jones Edward Paul Jones ( born October 5 , 1950 ) is an American novelist and short story writer . His 2003 novel The Known World received the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction and the International IMPAC Dublin Literary Award .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "351f7e4acadce62cbab65a26f0bb7a37", "text": "The Theory of Everything (2014 film) The Theory of Everything is a 2014 British biographical romantic drama film directed by James Marsh and adapted by Anthony McCarten from the memoir Travelling to Infinity : My Life with Stephen by Jane Wilde Hawking , which deals with her relationship with her ex-husband , theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking , his diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ( ALS , also known as Lou Gehrig 's disease or motor neurone disease ) , and his success in physics . The film stars Eddie Redmayne and Felicity Jones with Charlie Cox , Emily Watson , Simon McBurney , Christian McKay , Harry Lloyd and David Thewlis featured in supporting roles . The film had its world premiere at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival on 7 September 2014 . The film was acclaimed critically worldwide , with praise for the musical score , cinematography and the performance of Felicity Jones and especially Eddie Redmayne , which earned him nominations for a variety of accolades in award shows and film festivals , including the Academy Award for Best Actor . The film received four Golden Globe Award nominations , winning the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Drama for Redmayne and Best Original Score for Jóhannsson . It received three Screen Actors Guild Awards nominations , winning one for the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role for Redmayne . It received 10 British Academy Film Awards nominations and won Outstanding British Film , Best Leading Actor ( for Redmayne ) and Best Adapted Screenplay ( for McCarten ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8511d4984cf8f955da1f60b9da750fd2", "text": "Parine Jaddo Parine Jaddo ( born in Baghdad , Iraq ) is an Iraqi Arab Americanfilm director , best known for her production of Rasta 's Paradise .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e172ce674614b6c775d4c067de440a58", "text": "Chandra Pemmaraju Chandra Pemmaraju is a film writer and director of Indian origin based out of New York . He is best known for writing , producing & directing May Beetle , Kissing Miss Jones , and Love Lies and Seeta , a New York-based independent feature film .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "760d9c4bb19b849a0e4d5da2c8ee0aaa", "text": "Scrawl (film) Scrawl is a 2015 independent British supernatural horror-thriller film written and directed by Peter Hearn and produced by Annabelle Le Gresley and Hearn . It stars Liam Hughes , Joe Daly , Daisy Ridley , Mark Forester Evans , Le Gresley , Nathalie Pownall , Catherine Ruddick and Derek Jones . It tells the story of two best friends , Simon and Joe , who must rewrite the happenings from the comic book , Scrawl , after realizing that the events occurred from the comic begins to happen . It is also Ridley 's film debut just before Star Wars : The Force Awakens . The film received positive reviews . As of 2016 , the film is still lining up for indie horror festivals , playing a longer version than the final cut .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4f189d1662b5ec1557b5091e9d5df66a", "text": "Julia Jones (writer) Julia Jones , formerly also known as Julia Thorogood , is an English writer , editor , book publisher , aged-care advocate and classic yacht owner .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6af8c4ef8c46fc52af3d69c61626dbfb", "text": "Secrets of the Magic City Secrets of the Magic City is an American comedy drama film written and directed by R. Malcolm Jones . The film stars Jenifer Lewis , Jamie Hector , Keith David , and Erika Alexander . Many scenes from the motion picture had been filmed in earlier years ( such as the scene which included boy band , Mindless Behavior ) , but was n't released until June 26 , 2015 , by New Revolution Studios .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0f88e7354fd604c02c98ff7c838e24f7", "text": "Holly Goddard Jones Holly Goddard Jones is an American novelist and short story author .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b8973103f0a51c4c05014fd2e31fc21e", "text": "Real Women Have Curves Real Women Have Curves is a 2002 American comedy-drama film that takes place in East Los Angeles . It gained fame after winning the Audience Award for best dramatic film , and the Special Jury Prize for acting in the 2002 Sundance Film Festival . The film went on to receive the Youth Jury Award at the San Sebastian International Film Festival , the Humanitas Prize , the Imagen Award at the Imagen Foundation Awards , and Special Recognition by the National Board of Review . The film was directed by Patricia Cardoso , and stars a young America Ferrera as protagonist Ana García . The film is based on a play ( of the same title ) written by Josefina Lopez , who co-authored the screenplay for the film with producer George LaVoo . According to the Sundance Institute , the film gives a voice to young women who are struggling to love themselves and find respect in the United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b3c95d6b6f0e5fc404bce953042aa238", "text": "Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film . The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2508956ae0f763b840f17cfc51cf5386", "text": "Ranjan Ghosh Ranjan K Ghosh ( রঞ্জন ঘোষ Rônjôn Ghosh ) is a Bengali filmmaker based out of Kolkata , India . He made his directorial debut in 2014 with the critically acclaimed Hrid Majharey , a Bengali feature film starring Abir Chatterjee and Raima Sen. Inspired by certain iconic plays of William Shakespeare , it was the first film in the Bengali language based on the works of the Bard and was presented as a tribute on his 450th Birth Anniversary . The movie was screened at the New York University Tisch School of the Arts in 2015 , and was included in their PhD in Cinema Studies ( Shakespeare and Indian Cinema ) . Earlier in 2014 , it had earned a rare recommendation from Film London in its list of world cinema based on Shakespearean plays . In another major achievement , the film and its screenplay were included in the UGC Literature Archive through the Shakespeare in Bengal project conducted by Jadavpur University . Ghosh had risen to prominence in 2011 , by becoming the first and the only screenwriter , acclaimed director Aparna Sen had collaborated with in her illustrious career till date . Ghosh had made his screenwriting debut co-authoring Iti Mrinalini , the 2011 film that had also marked the acclaimed director 's return to Bengali cinema after more than a decade .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e1ccefd5507150188209ef917cc1bfee", "text": "A Single Woman (film) A Single Woman is a 2008 film made by Nevada Shakespeare Company and Heroica Films . It was directed by Kamala Lopez and produced by Cameron Crain , Richard Shelgren and Kamala Lopez . The screenplay was by Jeanmarie Simpson based on her play with the same title .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ba89293be4717f68323fe47129b1648c", "text": "Christine Jones (businesswoman) Christine N. Jones is an American business executive , civic leader , author , and politician from Phoenix , Arizona . Jones unsuccessfully sought the Republican nomination for governor of Arizona in the 2014 election ; she lost to Arizona State Treasurer Doug Ducey . In 2016 , Jones ran for the United States Congress , narrowly losing the Republican primary to State Senate President Andy Biggs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b0ae5a80bf2bf9c8b46b18417503bc65", "text": "Tayari Jones Tayari Jones ( born November 30 , 1970 in Atlanta , Georgia ) is an American author and winner of the Hurston-Wright Legacy Award for Debut Fiction . She was educated at Spelman College , the University of Iowa and Arizona State University .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7c1b2bf109adafbf1de048f84a44eec4", "text": "Trust (2010 film) Trust is a 2010 American drama thriller film directed by David Schwimmer and based on a screenplay by Andy Bellin and Robert Festinger , and an uncredited story by Schwimmer . It stars Viola Davis , Clive Owen , Catherine Keener , Jason Clarke , and Liana Liberato . The film is about a teenage girl who becomes a victim of sexual abuse when she befriends a man on the Internet .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "afe08edec9c6f37688374ff5272d5e9a", "text": "The Revolutionary The Revolutionary is a 1970 political drama film directed by Paul Williams . The screenplay was written by Hans Koning ( credited as Hans Koningsberger ) , based on his novel of the same name . It was the film debut for actor Jeffrey Jones .", "title": "" } ]	fever
6a35b91ce90a3b8cd689ae31b6a95f12	Thor: The Dark World is a movie about a DC comics character.	[ { "docid": "4ec6e0ec6b6113c08038be253e1ed2ab", "text": "Thor: The Dark World Thor : The Dark World is a 2013 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Thor , produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures . It is the sequel to 2011 's Thor and the eighth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe . The film was directed by Alan Taylor , with a screenplay by Christopher Yost and Christopher Markus & Stephen McFeely . It stars Chris Hemsworth , Natalie Portman , Tom Hiddleston , Anthony Hopkins , Stellan Skarsgård , Idris Elba , Christopher Eccleston , Adewale Akinnuoye-Agbaje , Kat Dennings , Ray Stevenson , Zachary Levi , Tadanobu Asano , Jaimie Alexander , and Rene Russo . In Thor : The Dark World , Thor teams up with Loki to save the Nine Realms from the Dark Elves led by the vengeful Malekith , who intends to plunge the universe into darkness . Development of Thor : The Dark World began in April 2011 , when producer Kevin Feige announced plans for a sequel to follow the crossover film The Avengers . In July 2011 , Kenneth Branagh , the director of Thor , withdrew from the project . Brian Kirk and Patty Jenkins were considered to direct the film before Taylor was hired in January 2012 . The supporting cast filled out in August 2012 , with the hiring of Eccleston , Dennings , and Akinnuoye-Agbaje . Principal photography began in September 2012 in Surrey , England with filming continuing in Iceland and London , before wrapping up in December 2012 . Thor : The Dark World was converted to 3D in post-production . Thor : The Dark World premiered at the Odeon Leicester Square in London on October 22 , 2013 . It was released internationally on October 30 , 2013 , and on November 8 , 2013 , in the United States . The film received mixed reviews , but was a commercial success , grossing over $ 644 million worldwide . A third film , Thor : Ragnarok , is set for release on November 3 , 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3b5ce977dcdd32f148cf990d572edd84", "text": "Thor (film) Thor is a 2011 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name , produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Paramount Pictures . It is the fourth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe . The film was directed by Kenneth Branagh , written by Ashley Edward Miller & Zack Stentz and Don Payne , and stars Chris Hemsworth , Natalie Portman , Tom Hiddleston , Stellan Skarsgård , Colm Feore , Ray Stevenson , Idris Elba , Kat Dennings , Rene Russo and Anthony Hopkins . The film sees Thor , the crown prince of Asgard , banished to Earth and stripped of his powers after he reignites a dormant war . As his brother , Loki , plots to take the throne for himself , Thor must prove himself worthy and reclaim his hammer Mjolnir . Sam Raimi first developed the concept of a film adaptation of Thor in 1991 , but soon abandoned the project , leaving it in `` development hell '' for several years . During this time , the rights were picked up by various film studios until Marvel Studios signed Mark Protosevich to develop the project in 2006 , and planned to finance it and release it through Paramount Pictures . Matthew Vaughn was originally assigned to direct the film for a tentative 2010 release . However , after Vaughn was released from his holding deal in 2008 , Branagh was approached and the film 's release was rescheduled into 2011 . The main characters were cast in 2009 , and principal photography took place in California and New Mexico from January to May 2010 . The film was converted to 3D in post-production . Thor premiered on April 17 , 2011 , in Sydney , Australia and was released on May 6 , 2011 , in the United States . The film was a financial success and received positive reviews from film critics . The DVD and Blu-ray sets were released on September 13 , 2011 . A sequel , Thor : The Dark World , was released on November 8 , 2013 . A third film , Thor : Ragnarok is set to be released on November 3 , 2017 .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "ad47dc43670072898442977a55502324", "text": "Character (arts) A character ( sometimes known as a fictional character ) is a person or other being in a narrative work of art ( such as a novel , play , television series , or film ) . The character may be entirely fictional or based on a real-life person , in which case the distinction of a `` fictional '' versus `` real '' character may be made . Derived from the ancient Greek word χαρακτήρ , the English word dates from the Restoration , although it became widely used after its appearance in Tom Jones in 1749 . From this , the sense of `` a part played by an actor '' developed . Character , particularly when enacted by an actor in the theatre or cinema , involves `` the illusion of being a human person . '' In literature , characters guide readers through their stories , helping them to understand plots and ponder themes . Since the end of the 18th century , the phrase `` in character '' has been used to describe an effective impersonation by an actor . Since the 19th century , the art of creating characters , as practiced by actors or writers , has been called characterisation . A character who stands as a representative of a particular class or group of people is known as a type . Types include both stock characters and those that are more fully individualised . The characters in Henrik Ibsen 's Hedda Gabler ( 1891 ) and August Strindberg 's Miss Julie ( 1888 ) , for example , are representative of specific positions in the social relations of class and gender , such that the conflicts between the characters reveal ideological conflicts . The study of a character requires an analysis of its relations with all of the other characters in the work . The individual status of a character is defined through the network of oppositions ( proairetic , pragmatic , linguistic , proxemic ) that it forms with the other characters . The relation between characters and the action of the story shifts historically , often miming shifts in society and its ideas about human individuality , self-determination , and the social order .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e12449089140f7aa72f9fdd2e696d01e", "text": "V for Vendetta V for Vendetta is a British graphic novel written by Alan Moore and illustrated by David Lloyd ( with additional art by Tony Weare ) , published by DC Comics . Later versions were published by Vertigo , an imprint of DC Comics . The story depicts a dystopian and post-apocalyptic near-future history version of the United Kingdom in the 1990s , preceded by a nuclear war in the 1980s which had devastated most of the rest of the world . The fascist Norsefire party has exterminated its opponents in concentration camps and rules the country as a police state . The comics follow its title character and protagonist , V , an anarchist revolutionary dressed in a Guy Fawkes mask , as he begins an elaborate and theatrical revolutionist campaign to kill his former captors , bring down the fascist state and convince the people to bring about democratic government , while inspiring a young woman , Evey Hammond , to be his protégé . Warner Bros. released a film adaptation of the same title in 2006 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c0cd8d385665a1db86238e8f773109ca", "text": "Gods (Marvel Comics) Gods are fictional characters appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . Several characters in many stories have been referred to as gods . Generally , however , only those belonging to two specific types are considered to be the `` true '' gods . Other worlds besides Earth also have their own gods , with different origins .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3eb51dd44ed5a616daa33cd9bc2cd179", "text": "Gaea (Marvel Comics) This article is for the Marvel Comics Earth-Goddess . For other comic book characters with a similar name , see Gaia . Gaea is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . The character is based on the Gaia of Greek mythology and Jörð of Norse mythology . She is a primeval Earth goddess , who has enfused her life essence into those of all Earth 's living beings . She is the embodiment of the spirit of life , growth , harvest , and renewal on Earth . She is the biological mother of Thor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bbdf564ca2264907ce793fef0385720d", "text": "The New Avengers (comics) The New Avengers is a fictional team of superheroes appearing in comic books published by Marvel Comics . The title has been used for four American comic book series . The first two were written by Brian Michael Bendis and depicted a version of Marvel 's premiere superhero team , the Avengers . The third was written by Jonathan Hickman and depicted a group of characters called the Illuminati ( formerly introduced in New Avengers Vol . 1 # 7 -LSB- July 2005 -RSB- ) . The fourth is written by Al Ewing and depicts the former scientific terrorist group A.I.M. , reformed as `` Avengers Idea Mechanics '' , whose field team has appropriated the name `` New Avengers '' for itself .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b80b35a47f21412aac8661be4a3654cb", "text": "Dark Knight (nickname) The Dark Knight is the nickname of the superhero Batman who appears in American comic books published by DC Comics . Batman was first referred to by the nickname in Batman # 1 ( Spring 1940 ) , in a story written by Bill Finger .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "44870e0244427789df79e1aff5cf3252", "text": "Hammer of the Gods (2009 film) Hammer of the Gods ( known as THOR : Hammer of the Gods ) is a 2009 made-for-TV film , directed by Todor `` Toshko '' Chapkanov and produced by Jeffery Beach and Phillip J. Roth for the Syfy channel . It tells the story of the thunder god Thor , after he defeated the Midgard Serpent and died , then was reincarnated into a mortal man . Thor , along with his two brothers and friends travel to a mysterious island at Midgard 's edge , seeking glory and fame . Upon arriving they encounter strange creatures and they start searching the island for answers . Meanwhile , Thor keeps seeing visions of a mighty warrior and a big hammer and Freyja tells him that his visions are clues . So they start searching for the hammer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3ee60474667fb996d1682a5c9203bff0", "text": "Thor: Son of Asgard (video game) Thor : Son of Asgard is an action-adventure video game for iOS , based on Marvel Comics ' Thor . The story is based on a comics version of Thor . Cutscenes are made from comic book-styled animation . The character itself is on the other hand based on his movie version , his persona and the suit .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cadde8de076a67bd19e94c2dff757261", "text": "Thor & Loki: Blood Brothers Thor & Loki : Blood Brothers is a four episode motion comic from Marvel Knights Animation released in April 2011 . It is based on the 2004 miniseries Loki by Robert Rodi and Esad Ribic . A DVD containing all four episodes was released on September 13 , 2011 from Shout ! Factory .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ac9b47f5bae389633a818d3a790276b", "text": "The Dark Knight (film) The Dark Knight is a 2008 superhero film directed , co-produced , and co-written by Christopher Nolan . Featuring the DC Comics character Batman , the film is the second part of Nolan 's The Dark Knight Trilogy and a sequel to 2005 's Batman Begins , starring an ensemble cast including Christian Bale , Michael Caine , Heath Ledger , Gary Oldman , Aaron Eckhart , Maggie Gyllenhaal and Morgan Freeman . In the film , Bruce Wayne/Batman ( Bale ) , James Gordon ( Oldman ) and Harvey Dent ( Eckhart ) form an alliance to dismantle organized crime in Gotham City , but are menaced by a criminal mastermind known as the Joker ( Ledger ) who seeks to undermine Batman 's influence and create chaos . Nolan 's inspiration for the film was the Joker 's comic book debut in 1940 , the 1988 graphic novel The Killing Joke , and the 1996 series The Long Halloween , which retold Two-Face 's origin . The nickname `` the Dark Knight '' was first applied to Batman in Batman # 1 ( 1940 ) , in a story written by Bill Finger . The Dark Knight was filmed primarily in Chicago , as well as in several other locations in the United States , the United Kingdom , and Hong Kong . Nolan used IMAX 70 mm film cameras to film some sequences , including the Joker 's first appearance in the film . The film is dedicated to the memory of Ledger , who died on January 22 , 2008 , some months after the completed filming and six months before the film 's release , from a toxic combination of prescription drugs , leading to intense attention from the press and movie-going public . Warner Bros. initially created a viral marketing campaign for The Dark Knight , developing promotional websites and trailers highlighting screenshots of Ledger as the Joker . A co-production of the United States and the United Kingdom , The Dark Knight was released on July 16 , 2008 in Australia , on July 18 , 2008 , in North America , and on July 25 , 2008 , in the United Kingdom . Considered by film critics to be one of the best films of the 2000s and one of the best superhero films ever , the film received highly positive reviews and set numerous records during its theatrical run . The Dark Knight appeared on more critics ' top ten lists ( 287 ) than any other film of 2008 with the exception of WALL-E , and more critics ( 77 ) named The Dark Knight the best film of 2008 than any other film released that year . With over $ 1 billion in revenue worldwide , it is the 29th-highest-grossing film of all time , unadjusted for inflation . The film received eight Academy Award nominations ; it won the award for Best Sound Editing and Ledger was posthumously awarded Best Supporting Actor . The Dark Knight Rises , the final film in the trilogy , was released on July 20 , 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5e66baf2067c9d985fe7c228e2908bb", "text": "Jon Mikl Thor Jon Thor ( born 1955 ) , better known as Thor , is a bodybuilding champion , actor , songwriter , screenwriter , historian , vocalist and musician . As a bodybuilder , he was the first Canadian to win both the Mr. Canada and Mr. USA titles . During his bodybuilding career , he has achieved over 40 titles around the world . As a musician , he is the front man for the heavy metal band Thor , billing himself as `` The Legendary Rock Warrior '' . He has also has had career in acting appearing in such films as Recruits ( 1986 ) , Zombie Nightmare ( 1987 ) , Rock 'n' Roll Nightmare ( 1987 ) and FUBAR ( 2002 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "46a0404247a4625830cf6f656931924a", "text": "Thor: The Mighty Avenger (toy line) Thor : The Mighty Avenger is a toy line manufactured by Hasbro based on the Marvel Comics film , Thor . It is composed mainly of 3.75 '' scale action figures . The line falls under Marvel 's `` Avengers Assemble '' marketing banner , which will also include the Iron Man : The Armored Avenger and Captain America : The First Avenger toy lines . This will be used as a lead up to 2012 's The Avengers motion picture . Unlike previous 3.75 '' action figure lines based on movies , Hasbro is not doing a comic series with this line . All of the figures will be based on the movie . This official street date for the line is March 1 , though some stores have started selling the toys in early February .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "005fcfeded2126443baa8f01b805f130", "text": "Dark Angel (Marvel Comics) Dark Angel is the name used by two fictional characters appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . They have appeared in publications by Marvel UK , though they have no other relation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "93e636b66a673b411e265d5a1f5118ee", "text": "Legion of Super-Heroes The Legion of Super-Heroes is a fictional superhero team appearing in books published by DC Comics . Created by writer Otto Binder and artist Al Plastino , the Legion is a group of superpowered beings living in the 30th and 31st centuries of the , and first appears in Adventure Comics # 247 ( April 1958 ) . Initially , the team was closely associated with the original Superboy character ( Superman when he was a teenager ) , and was portrayed as a group of time travelers . Later , the Legion 's origin and back story were fleshed out , and the group was given its own monthly comic . Eventually , Superboy was removed from the team altogether and appeared only as an occasional guest star . The team has undergone two major reboots during its run . The original version was replaced with a new rebooted version following the events of the `` Zero Hour '' storyline in 1994 and another rebooted team was introduced in 2004 . A fourth version of the team , nearly identical to the original version , was introduced in 2007 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "42ac586ee826cdf853d46056a85d48a2", "text": "Dick Grayson Richard John `` Dick '' Grayson is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics , commonly in association with Batman . Created by Bob Kane and Bill Finger and illustrator Jerry Robinson , he first appeared in Detective Comics # 38 in April 1940 as the original incarnation of Robin . In Tales of the Teen Titans # 44 ( July 1984 ) the character retires his role as Robin and assumes the superhero persona of Nightwing , created by Marv Wolfman and artist George Pérez . The youngest in a family of acrobats known as the `` Flying Graysons '' , Dick watches a mafia boss kill his parents in order to extort money from the circus that employed them . Batman ( Bruce Wayne ) takes him in as a legal ward ( retconned as an adopted son in some cases ) and the crime-fighting partner Robin . He is written by many authors as the first son of Batman . As well as being Batman 's crime-fighting partner , Dick establishes himself as the leader of the Teen Titans , a team of teenage superheroes . As a young man , he retires as Robin and takes on his own superhero identity to assert his independence , becoming Nightwing . As Nightwing , he continues to lead the Teen Titans and later the Outsiders . In the first volume of his eponymous series ( 1996 -- 2009 ) , he becomes the protector of Blüdhaven , Gotham 's economically troubled neighboring city , the locale the character is most closely associated with . He has also served stints protecting the streets of New York , Chicago and Gotham in other runs over the years . Dick Grayson has taken on the identity of Batman on a few occasions . Following `` Batman : Knightfall '' , Grayson declines taking up the mantle of Batman while the original was recovering from a broken back as he feels Nightwing is a hero in his own right and not Batman 's understudy , but after the events of the Zero Hour miniseries later that year , he replaces Bruce Wayne as Batman , beginning in Robin # 0 ( 1994 ) and extending throughout the Batman : Prodigal storyline in 1995 . Dick again assumes the mantle following the events of `` Batman R.I.P. '' ( 2008 ) and Final Crisis ( 2008 -- 9 ) . As Batman , Dick moves to Gotham City following his mentor 's apparent death and partners with the fifth Robin , Damian Wayne . On Bruce 's return , both men maintained the Batman identity until 2011 , when Dick returned to the Nightwing identity with DC 's The New 52 continuity reboot . In a 2014 comic story , Dick is forced to abandon the Nightwing identity after being unmasked on TV and faking his death , setting up Tim Seeley 's Grayson comic book , Dick becomes Agent 37 , Batman 's mole in the nefarious spy organization Spyral . Following the conclusion of the Grayson series , and the restoration of his secret identity in the series ' final issue , Dick returns to being Nightwing as part of the DC Rebirth relaunch in 2016 . Dick Grayson has appeared as Robin in several other media adaptations : the 1943 serial played by Douglas Croft , the 1949 serial played by Johnny Duncan , the 1966 -- 1968 live action Batman television series and its motion picture portrayed by Burt Ward , played by Chris O'Donnell in the 1995 film Batman Forever and its 1997 sequel Batman & Robin . Loren Lester voiced the character as Robin in Batman : The Animated Series and later as Nightwing 's first screen adaptation in The New Batman Adventures . In May 2011 , IGN ranked Dick Grayson # 11 on their list of the `` Top 100 Super Heroes of All Time '' . In 2013 , ComicsAlliance ranked Grayson as Nightwing as # 1 on their list of the `` 50 Sexiest Male Characters in Comics '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e05956e8ed91bed9a8dd89213d43da62", "text": "Thor (Marvel Comics) Thor Odinson is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . The character , based on the Norse mythological deity of the same name , is the Asgardian god of thunder and possesses the enchanted hammer Mjolnir , which grants him the ability of flight and weather manipulation amongst his other superhuman attributes . Debuting in the Silver Age of Comic Books , the character first appeared in Journey into Mystery # 83 ( Aug. 1962 ) and was created by editor-plotter Stan Lee , scripter Larry Lieber , and penciller-plotter Jack Kirby . He has starred in several ongoing series and limited series , and is a founding member of the superhero team the Avengers , appearing in each volume of that series . The character has also appeared in associated Marvel merchandise including animated television series , clothing , toys , trading cards , video games , and movies . The character was first portrayed in live action by Eric Allan Kramer in the 1988 television movie The Incredible Hulk Returns . Chris Hemsworth portrays Thor in the Marvel Cinematic Universe films Thor , The Avengers , Thor : The Dark World and Avengers : Age of Ultron and will reprise his role in Thor : Ragnarok , Avengers : Infinity War , and its untitled sequel . Thor placed 14th on IGN 's list of `` Top 100 Comic Book Heroes of All Time '' in 2011 , and first in their list of `` The Top 50 Avengers '' in 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "76f3dbdf2cc9cfaaac0e6f4291441325", "text": "Collector (comics) The Collector ( Taneleer Tivan ) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . Debuting in the Silver Age of Comic Books , the character has been featured in nearly five decades of Marvel continuity . The Collector appears in the Marvel Cinematic Universe , portrayed by Benicio del Toro , in a cameo in the mid-credits scene of 2013 's Thor : The Dark World , and in 2014 's Guardians of the Galaxy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7d63617603c673d6f94821af90ca7952", "text": "God of Thunder (2015 film) God of Thunder ( aka Dark Universe ) is a 2015 film .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "afd983ce80863b7f14f0bfce0a9e7e68", "text": "All Star DC Comics All Star was an imprint of ongoing comic book titles published by American company DC Comics that ran from 2005 to 2008 . DC has published two titles under the All-Star banner , featuring Batman and Superman . The premise of the imprint was to partner DC Comics ' top tier characters with the most popular and acclaimed writers and artists . The creators had access to all elements in the characters ' histories to present their interpretation for a modern audience that have not read these DC characters ' comics previously , or had not seen them lately . The creative teams were not beholden to any previous and present continuities , and told stories that featured `` the most iconic versions of these characters '' . The project had been compared to the Ultimate line of Marvel Comics , which was a successful attempt to re-introduce Marvel 's most popular characters to a new generation of readers by presenting new , updated versions unburdened by decades of plotlines . There were several differences between the two imprints , though . While the Ultimate titles have closely interrelated storylines , of the two All-Star series released , there has been no effort to make them conform to each other or indicate they exist in the same continuity . Another is that All-Star did not seek to introduce brand new versions of the characters so much as to present them in unhindered continuity . Robin 's origin was the only one `` rebooted '' in this imprint . Some observers , and DC themselves , had pointed to the return of DC 's major film franchises as an impetus for All-Star . `` No one can doubt that some kind of continuity shedding is necessary with Superman and Batman coming to the big screens , '' the website Comicon.com wrote . `` Moviegoers entertained by these films would find the current comics storylines impenetrable '' . With the end of Grant Morrison and Frank Quitely 's All-Star Superman and the rebranding of Frank Miller and Jim Lee 's All Star Batman and Robin as Dark Knight : Boy Wonder as well as the introduction of the DC : Earth One line of OGNs , the imprint is effectively defunct .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8e0d8fdc0fbe4e2b3fee74e9e7c63619", "text": "Batman: Anarky Batman : Anarky is a 1999 trade paperback published by DC Comics . The book collects prominent appearances of Anarky , a comic book character created by Alan Grant and Norm Breyfogle . Although all of the collected stories were written by Alan Grant , various artists contributed to individual stories . Dual introductions were written by the creatorsboth of whom introduce the character and give insight into their role in Anarky 's creation and development . Featured as an antagonist in various Batman comics during the '90s , stories based on the character were highly thematic , political , and philosophical in tone . The majority of the collected stories ( `` Anarky in Gotham City '' , `` Anarky : Tomorrow Belongs to Us '' , `` Anarky '' ) are influenced by the philosophy of anarchism , while the final story ( `` Metamorphosis '' ) is influenced by Frank R. Wallace . Although anti-statism is the overarching theme of the collection , other concepts are explored . Anarky 's characterization was expanded throughout the stories to present him first as a libertarian socialist and anarchist , and in the final story as a vehicle for explorations into atheism , rationalism , and bicameralism . Literary references are also utilized throughout the collected stories to stress the philosophical foundations of the character . The collection also tracks the character 's evolution from a petty , street-crime fighting vigilante , to a competent freedom fighter in opposition to powerful forces of evil . Critics have positively received some of the stories within the collection , analyzing Anarky as a unique force for political commentary and discussion within DC Comics ' storytelling . However , the expansive growth of the character 's unique abilities and characterization has also fueled criticism as having overpowered the character beyond suspension of disbelief .", "title": "" } ]	fever
c3ec0e5fef64636cb5e91033f02f6499	All the Pretty Horses is a 2017 film.	[ { "docid": "7ecc595abe8a2660fe0024d1109bbac6", "text": "All the Pretty Horses (film) All the Pretty Horses is a 2000 American romance western film produced and directed by Billy Bob Thornton , and based on Cormac McCarthy 's novel of the same name . Starring Matt Damon and Penélope Cruz , the film was released on Christmas Day 2000 to mostly negative reviews . It grossed $ 18 million worldwide , against a $ 57 million budget .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "6eee5cc2b389c67b8529bdbc181a249b", "text": "Person to Person (film) Person to Person is an American drama film directed and written by Dustin Guy Defa . The film stars Michael Cera , Tavi Gevinson , and Abbi Jacobson . The film had its world premiere at the Sundance Film Festival on January 20 , 2017 . It is scheduled to be released on July 28 , 2017 , by Magnolia Pictures .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2caa443248add80d7ac30f7982ce40c7", "text": "Wind River (2017 film) Wind River is a 2017 American thriller film directed and written by Taylor Sheridan in his directorial debut . The film stars Jeremy Renner , Elizabeth Olsen , Jon Bernthal and Kelsey Asbille . It premiered at the 2017 Sundance Film Festival . It is scheduled to be released on August 4 , 2017 , by The Weinstein Company .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8bf46fc2c16260c2a2447ad6d3b25962", "text": "List of accolades received by Fences (film) Fences is a 2016 American drama film directed by Denzel Washington and written by August Wilson . Starring Washington , Viola Davis , Jovan Adepo and Stephen McKinley Henderson , the film focuses on a man and his life , family , and job . The film began a limited release on December 16 , 2016 , before opening wide on December 25 . The film was released to universal acclaim , with Rotten Tomatoes listing an approval rating of 93 % , based on 207 reviews , with an average rating of 7.7 / 10 , and Metacritic listing a score of 79 out of 100 , based on 48 reviews . Fences won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress and the British Academy Film Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role for Davis . The film won Best Supporting Actress for Davis and was nominated for Best Picture , Best Director , Best Actor for Washington , Best Acting Ensemble and Best Adapted Screenplay at Critics ' Choice Awards . The film won Best Supporting Actress -- Motion Picture for Davis and was nominated for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Drama for Washington at Golden Globe Awards . The film received four nominations at Satellite Awards , including Best Film , Best Director , Best Actor for Washington and Best Supporting Actress for Davis .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f01b199ae040e953d0947e197044bd5e", "text": "Kerry Film Festival The Kerry Film Festival is an annual music film festival in County Kerry , Republic of Ireland , taking place in October . The Kerry Film Festival is funded by Kerry County Council , Fáilte Ireland , the Ireland Funds as well as having corporate sponsorship . Kerry Film Festival was established in 2000 but remained a small regional festival throughout its first years , with a mere 1,700 attendees at the 2006 festival . Then , in 2007 , the festival exploded becoming the fastest growing festival in all of Ireland , with audiences increasing by nearly 600 % from 2006 to 2011 when its audience topped 10,000 for the first time . The main feature of the festival is a short film competition which focuses on young filmmakers . Past adjudicators of the Kerry Film Festival Short Film Competition have included Jeremy Irons , Liam Neeson , Michael Fassbender and Gabriel Byrne . The festival also screens feature films . In 2008 Kerry Film Festival instigated the Maureen O'Hara Award for women that have excelled in film and Brenda Fricker was the inaugural recipient . The award was presented to her by Jim Sheridan , who directed her in the Oscar-winning My Left Foot ( 1989 ) . In 2009 the award was presented to Rebecca Miller who was in Kerry to pick up the award with her husband , Daniel Day-Lewis at a ceremony with Dave Fanning as MC . In 2010 Maureen O'Hara attended the festival and presented the award in person to Juliette Binoche Fionnula Flanagan picked up the award in 2011 while Saoirse Ronan won the award in 2012 . KFF has previously featured successful short films such as the Oscar short-listed animation Head over Heels in 2012 , the 2014 Oscar winner Mr. Hublot and in 2015 the highly acclaimed Academy Award winner S t u t t e r e r by Ben Cleary .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ae087c1d8ab1c3a22fbaff2e1c287757", "text": "Mammal (film) Mammal is a 2016 internationally co-produced drama film directed by Rebecca Daly . It was shown in the World Cinema Dramatic Competition section at the 2016 Sundance Film Festival .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "32137e687b2e1271d8c3f4ca61a79815", "text": "Goats (film) Goats is a 2012 comedy-drama film directed by Christopher Neil and written by Mark Poirier based on his 2000 novel Goats . The film stars David Duchovny , Vera Farmiga , Graham Phillips , Keri Russell , Justin Kirk , and Ty Burrell . The film premiered at the Sundance Film Festival on January 24 , 2012 , and was given a limited release in the United States on August 10 , 2012 by Image Entertainment .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5120003bd8e6b66aeaea70f79932938", "text": "Pecking Order (film) Pecking Order is a 2017 New Zealand comedy documentary film about competitive poultry showing by Slavko Martinov . The film was shot primarily in Christchurch , New Zealand . It opened theatrically in New Zealand on 18 May 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2a9e3ceaed6e2f9ae739afd5b4df510b", "text": "Animal Farm (1999 film) Animal Farm is a made-for-TV film released in 1999 by Hallmark Films and broadcast on the American cable channel TNT . It is an adaptation of the 1945 George Orwell novel of the same name . The film tells the story of farm animals successfully revolting against their human owner , only to slide into a more brutal tyranny among themselves . The film received mixed reviews when it was broadcast , with much criticism directed at its ending .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1d225dc315258d25b16334c717f86aa8", "text": "Wakefield (film) Wakefield is a 2016 American drama film directed and written by Robin Swicord , based on the short story of same name by E. L. Doctorow . The film stars Bryan Cranston and Jennifer Garner . Principal photography began on November 30 , 2015 , in Pasadena , California . The film had its world premiere at the Telluride Film Festival on September 2 , 2016 . It was released in a limited release on May 19 , 2017 , before being released through video on demand on May 26 , 2017 , by IFC Films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "144d5e0975cd672df008e41729603e95", "text": "Zoo (2017 film) Zoo is an upcoming British historical war drama film directed and written by Colin McIvor . The film stars Art Parkinson , Penelope Wilton , Toby Jones , Ian O'Reilly , Ian McElhinney , Amy Huberman , and Damian O'Hare .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "258652ee9f548f2a11a4edad0a30d541", "text": "Half Broke Horses Half Broke Horses is a 2009 novel by Jeannette Walls detailing the life of her grandmother , Lily Casey Smith .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c3ec9d899eca67259ed9f51856f87b4f", "text": "Academy Award for Best Animated Feature The Academy Awards are given each year by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS or the Academy ) for the best films and achievements of the previous year . The Academy Award for Best Animated Feature is given each year for animated films . An animated feature is defined by the Academy as a film with a running time of more than 40 minutes in which characters ' performances are created using a frame-by-frame technique , a significant number of the major characters are animated , and animation figures in no less than 75 percent of the running time . The Academy Award for Best Animated Feature was first given for films made in 2001 . Through the 89th Academy Awards , presented in 2017 , Academy Award nominations in this category were made by the Academy 's animation section ; effective with the 2018 awards , all Academy members will be eligible to vote on nominations . The entire AMPAS membership has been eligible to choose the winner since the award 's inception . If there are sixteen or more films submitted for the category , the winner is voted from a shortlist of five films , which has happened six times , otherwise there will only be three films on the shortlist . Additionally , eight eligible animated features must have been theatrically released in Los Angeles County within the calendar year for this category to be activated . Animated films can be nominated for other categories , but have rarely been so ; Beauty and the Beast ( 1991 ) was the first animated film ever nominated for Best Picture . Up ( 2009 ) and Toy Story 3 ( 2010 ) also received Best Picture nominations after the Academy expanded the number of nominees . Waltz with Bashir ( 2008 ) is the only animated film ever nominated for Best Foreign Language Film ( though it did not receive a nomination for Best Animated Feature ) . The Nightmare Before Christmas ( 1993 ) and Kubo and the Two Strings ( 2016 ) are the only two animated films to ever be nominated for Best Visual Effects .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "60d5422f0709ba1565e846383ba40b98", "text": "Horse show A horse show is a judged exhibition of horses and ponies . Many different horse breeds and equestrian disciplines hold competitions worldwide , from local to the international levels . Most horse shows run from one to three days , sometimes longer for major , all-breed events or national and international championships in a given discipline or breed . Most shows consist of a series of different performances , called classes , wherein a group of horses with similar training or characteristics compete against one another for awards and , often , prize money .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "54343c71d0453f7f5d48cb4c0322a580", "text": "All Brandy Stakes The All Brandy Stakes is an American Thoroughbred horse race held annually in autumn , usually in November , at Laurel Park Racecourse in Laurel , Maryland . It is open to fillies and mares three years old and up and is raced on turf at a distance of 1-1/8 miles ( 9 furlongs ) . The race was named in honor of the Maryland-Bred Champion All Brandy , who was named Champion three-year-old filly in 1962 . She was bred by John A. Manfuso , Sr. the former owner of the Maryland Jockey Club . Manfuso rated her as the best racehorse that he had bred in over 50 years in the business . Born in 1959 , she was sired by Double Brandy and out of Alluring . All Brandy earned $ 85,943 . She won the Barbara Fritchie Handicap , Mermaid Stakes , Monumental Stakes and Eastern Shore Stakes and placed in three other stakes races . Although none off her offspring performed well at the track , All Brandy was the granddam of 1981 Maryland champion 2-year-old colt A Magic Spray , who earned over $ 470,000 . All Brandy was euthanized due to infirmities of old age at her breeder 's Osufnam Farm in 1987 at the age of 28 . The grass race was taken off the Turf and run on the main track which is dirt due to weather conditions in three years ; 1970 , 1993 and 2004 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7521bf00067ee8953f26ddf52b8d61c1", "text": "Sizing John Sizing John ( foaled 13 May 2010 ) is a British-bred , Irish trained thoroughbred racehorse who competes in National Hunt racing . He is trained by Jessica Harrington and owned by Ann and Alan Potts , and is best known for winning the Cheltenham Gold Cup in 2017 . He has been ridden in most of his races by Jonathon Burke , but has more recently been ridden Robbie Power , including in both his Grade 1 wins over fences ( the Cheltenham Gold Cup and the Irish Gold Cup , also in 2017 ) . He also won a Grade 1 over Hurdles , the Future Champions Novice Hurdle at Leopardstown in 2014 , and spent much of his early chasing career finishing second or third in races won by Douvan , widely regarded as one of the best chasers of recent times .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "49c95b95bf0615ead1ba706ef5cc51b1", "text": "Hello, Dolly! (film) Hello , Dolly ! is a 1969 American romantic comedy musical film based on the Broadway production of the same name . Directed by Gene Kelly and adapted and produced by Ernest Lehman , the cast includes Barbra Streisand , Walter Matthau , Michael Crawford , Danny Lockin , Tommy Tune , Fritz Feld , Marianne McAndrew , E. J. Peaker and Louis Armstrong ( whose recording of the title tune had become a number-one single in May 1964 ) . The film follows the story of Dolly Levi ( a strong-willed matchmaker ) , as she travels to Yonkers , New York , to find a match for the miserly `` well-known unmarried half-a-millionaire '' Horace Vandergelder . In doing so she convinces his niece , his niece 's intended , and Horace 's two clerks to travel to New York City . The film won three Oscars for Best Art Direction , Best Score of a Musical Picture , and Best Sound Mixing and was nominated for a further four Academy Awards , including Best Picture . Although the film eventually broke even , it was not a commercial success .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5394c0dae3d71aa25d972db4b3cefd98", "text": "Pretty (advertisement) Pretty ( or I Feel Pretty ) is a television advertisement launched in 2006 by Nike , Inc. to promote its Nike Women brand of sportswear . The 60-second spot was handled by advertising agency Wieden + Kennedy in Portland , Oregon . The advert stars Russian tennis player Maria Sharapova in her first appearance as a spokesperson for the brand . Pretty debuted on U.S. television on August 20 , 2006 , with later appearances in cinemas and in print advertisements . It was directed by Czech director Ivan Zacharias , with post-production and VFX work by The Mill . The piece was a critical and popular success . It garnered several prestigious awards from the advertising and television industries , including two Cannes Gold Lions and a Gold Effie Award .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ff0dde8cedb48a89c495095719bf38a3", "text": "Mr. Roosevelt (film) Mr. Roosevelt is an American comedy film written and directed by Noël Wells in her directorial debut . It stars Wells , Nick Thune , Britt Lower , Danielle Pineda Andre Hyland , Doug Benson , Armen Weitzman and Sergio Cilli . The film had its world premiere at South by Southwest on March 12 , 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2395923740dcc1ab2e1e610d7926da38", "text": "Youth in Oregon Youth in Oregon is a 2016 American comedy-drama film directed by Joel David Moore . The film stars Frank Langella , Billy Crudup , Christina Applegate , Nicola Peltz , Mary Kay Place , and Josh Lucas . The film had its world premiere at the Tribeca Film Festival on April 16 , 2016 . The film was released in theaters on February 3 , 2017 , by Orion Pictures and Samuel Goldwyn Films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f74f33a755e80686e0812bb01680f132", "text": "All the Pretty Horses All the Pretty Horses may refer to : All the Pretty Horses ( novel ) , a 1992 novel by Cormac McCarthy All the Pretty Horses ( film ) , a 2000 film based on the novel `` All the Pretty Little Horses '' ( also known as `` Hush-a-bye '' ) , a traditional lullaby from the Southern United States", "title": "" } ]	fever
1c4ef1c78ba15ece958542134d88c4c9	James and the Giant Peach includes an actor.	[ { "docid": "988ed9a3e36dc5887846177bfb3020c0", "text": "David Thewlis David Thewlis ( born David Wheeler ; born 20 March 1963 ) is an English actor , director , screenwriter , author . His most commercially successful role to date has been that of Remus Lupin in the Harry Potter film series . Other notable performances include the films Naked ( for which he won the Best Actor award at Cannes Film Festival ) , Dragonheart , Kingdom of Heaven , The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas , The Theory of Everything , Black Beauty , and Macbeth ( in which he played King Duncan ) . He will play Ares in Wonder Woman . He has also done voice work in the films James and the Giant Peach ( 1996 ) , The Miracle Maker ( 2000 ) , and Anomalisa ( 2015 ) , and is additionally known for the role of Cyrus Crabb in the TV mini series Dinotopia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6db996cbe144d9144ff6547e87f2575a", "text": "James and the Giant Peach (film) James and the Giant Peach is a 1996 British-American musical fantasy film directed by Henry Selick , based on the 1961 novel of the same name by Roald Dahl . It was produced by Tim Burton and Denise Di Novi , directed by Henry Selick , and starred Paul Terry as James . The film is a combination of live action and stop-motion animation . Co-stars Joanna Lumley and Miriam Margolyes played James 's aunts in the live-action segments , and Simon Callow , Richard Dreyfuss , Susan Sarandon , Jane Leeves , David Thewlis , and Margoyles voiced his insect friends in the animation sequences .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "dc25a3ef841e1cf8c02b8475956345de", "text": "James R. Black James Richard Black ( born April 3 , 1962 ) is an American actor and former professional football player .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "018cc4d9fa416b829115f54ee978d8f4", "text": "James Remar William James Remar ( born December 31 , 1953 ) , is an American actor and voice actor . He played Richard , the on-off tycoon boyfriend of Kim Cattrall 's character in Sex and the City , Ajax in The Warriors ( 1979 ) , homicidal maniac Albert Ganz in the thriller 48 Hrs . ( 1982 ) , gangster Dutch Schultz in The Cotton Club ( 1984 ) , Lord Raiden in Mortal Kombat : Annihilation ( 1997 ) , Giuseppe Salvatore in The CW TV series The Vampire Diaries , Jack Duff in Miracle on 34th Street ( 1994 ) , and Harry Morgan in the Showtime TV series Dexter . Since 2009 , he has done voiceover work in ads for Lexus luxury cars .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "45f30ee68ec15c6b70f83103f4839676", "text": "Wes Brown (actor) James Wesley `` Wes '' Brown ( born January 26 , 1982 ) is an American actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a72142050c9fd269615eb434fa11e9a1", "text": "James Wilby James Jonathon Wilby ( born 20 February 1958 ) is an English film , television and theatre actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "12724cf7ce17bb9c18fc777462cde055", "text": "James Cosmo James Cosmo ( born 24 May 1948 ) is a Scottish actor known for his appearances in films including Highlander , Braveheart , Trainspotting , Troy , and The Chronicles of Narnia : The Lion , the Witch and the Wardrobe , as well as television series such as Game of Thrones and Sons of Anarchy . On 3 January 2017 Cosmo entered the nineteenth series of Celebrity Big Brother , on Day 19 of the series he won a pass to the final on 3 February 2017 and finished in fourth place .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a831d3e32f619ff04dee2f212f6f02dc", "text": "Jimmie Adams James B. `` Jimmie '' Adams ( October 4 , 1888 -- December 19 , 1933 ) was an American silent-screen comedian and actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a39f2b1bcb508933901ced210e07dbee", "text": "Justin Edwards (actor) Justin Matthew Edwards ( born 1972 ) is an English actor and writer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "55def0051b3331ed5817352ae7566417", "text": "James Anderson (American actor) James Anderson ( July 13 , 1921 -- September 14 , 1969 ) , sometimes billed as Kyle James , was an American television and film actor of the 1950s and 1960s . He is probably best known for his role as Robert E. Lee `` Bob '' Ewell in To Kill a Mockingbird ( 1962 ) . He made over 120 appearances , mostly in television and several films between 1941 and 1969 . He made three guest appearances on Perry Mason , including the role of murder victim Frank Anderson in the 1958 episode , `` The Case of the Pint-Sized Client , '' and murder victim Stanley Piper in the 1960 episode , `` The Case of the Ill-Fated Faker . '' He appeared in a number of westerns throughout his career , often playing a gun-for-hire or outlaw . He died of a heart attack on September 14 , 1969 . Two films he appeared in The Ballad of Cable Hogue ( 1969 ) and Little Big Man ( 1970 ) were released posthumously . His sister , Mary Anderson ( April 3 , 1918 -- April 6 , 2014 ) , was also an actress . They appeared in only one film together , Hunt the Man Down ( 1951 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5cb8f10e8ad39a9bfa6cc1ccda2fe2f9", "text": "James Morrison (actor) James Paige Morrison ( born April 21 , 1954 ) is an American actor best known for his portrayal of CTU Director Bill Buchanan on 24 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4898925cd454341c56128d7703b54765", "text": "James Bonn James Bonn ( James West , Jim Fimiani , Jim West ) is an American pornographic actor who has appeared in about 90 films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "512ef229ce2a4c6003030c5d475d442c", "text": "Elya Baskin Ilya Zalmanovich Baskin ( Iļja Baskins , Илья́ За́лманович Ба́скин born 11 August 1950 ) , known as Elya Baskin , is an American actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6efbe9ec67f2057a5469ae169f8a22e3", "text": "James Preston (actor) James Preston ( born June 30 , 1988 in Casper , Wyoming ) is an American actor . He has played Lukas Ford in the ABC vampire series The Gates , and portrayed James Dean in the 2011 film , Joshua Tree , 1951 : A Portrait of James Dean .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "060c37758501bca6cca7f81dce84b0f4", "text": "Gary Valentine Gary Joseph Knipfing ( born November 22 , 1961 ) , known professionally by his stage name Gary Valentine , is an American actor , comedian , and writer . He is the older brother of actor Kevin James .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "86358a214b3203c5b03b33481e1f3dd8", "text": "James Vasquez James Vasquez ( born c. 1972 ) , also known as Pedro James Vasquez , is an American actor , writer , and director .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c36283f72d79704adbc8ad864fbdd52b", "text": "William O'Connell (actor) William O'Connell ( born William L. O'Connell Jr. on August 20 , 1933 ) is an American film and television actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "952002bf9879c37ce53d766cb2f12130", "text": "James Merry (actor) James Merry ( Born 30 July 1982 in Sutton Coldfield , UK ) is a British actor best known for his appearances in the British daytime soap opera Doctors .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e274bd0b61953860b225d376b115c1bf", "text": "Joseph Ashton (actor) Joseph Ashton Valencia ( born November 18 , 1986 ) is an American film actor and voice actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c43758257263879a5eba13494cea5b59", "text": "Michael-James Olsen Michael-James Olsen ( born 1994 ) is an Australian/American film actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1a548e2f681fe989049157974ff3d708", "text": "James Byng James Byng ( born 1985 ) is an English actor and vocalist . Acting since the age of ten , James made his West End debut in the title role of Oliver ! at the London Palladium . He played the same role in the national tour of Oliver ! and at the Royal Charity Gala Hey ! Mr. Producer , honoring theatrical producer Cameron Mackintosh at the Lyceum Theatre on 8 June 1998 . Byng also played Gavroche in Les Misérables at the Palace Theatre . From 2007 to 2008 he was seen on stage at the Theatre Royal , Drury Lane , first playing various ensemble roles and then taking over the part of Frodo Baggins in Matthew Warchus ' theatrical adaption of The Lord of the Rings . In 2008-09 Byng appeared in the role of John Darling in the musical Peter Pan at the West Yorkshire Playhouse in Leeds . He just finished a tour with the West Yorkshire Playhouse production of The History Boys by Alan Bennet , in which he played Posner . From September until November 2010 Byng was on tour with a production of Carrie 's War in the role of Nick Willow . After performing in Secret Cinema - Back to the Future he can currently be seen in The Grimm Tales at The Bargehouse at Oxo Tower Wharf . Byng 's television and film work includes the role of George Hawthorne in the 2002 television adaptation of Goodbye Mr. Chips , starring Martin Clunes which aired both in Great Britain and in the United States . In this made-for-television film he appeared as James Malcolm . He also played wayward American Montague Bear in the independent film Rupert Brockstein 's Blood Red Letters . James has also been seen and heard as host and resident jazz vocalist at the Starlight Theatre , Manchester , and the Grove Inn Jazz Club in Leeds .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d6c6f4712421d801b60ec2a7950ef1da", "text": "John James Uy John James Uy is a Filipino/Chinese actor , artist , host and model .", "title": "" } ]	fever
aa5d1cc059d9a6aa27ffcea5a13557d7	Kurt Sutter created an FX series.	[ { "docid": "90e1f38bc82fda67a7ec5fe6f407576d", "text": "Kurt Sutter Kurt Leon Sutter ( born May 5 , 1960 ) is an American screenwriter , director , producer , and actor . He worked as a producer , writer , and director on The Shield , and appeared on the show as hitman Margos Dezerian . Sutter is also the creator of Sons of Anarchy on FX ; he wrote , produced , and directed the series , as well as played incarcerated club member Otto Delaney . Sutter spent time with members of an outlaw motorcycle club in Northern California as research for Sons of Anarchy . Sutter 's wife , actress Katey Sagal , was one of the show 's lead actresses .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7022b2f83e43bed928c9122a209e32df", "text": "Sons of Anarchy Sons of Anarchy is an American crime drama television series created by Kurt Sutter , which aired from 2008 to 2014 . It follows the lives of a close-knit outlaw motorcycle club operating in Charming , a fictional town in California 's Central Valley . The show stars Charlie Hunnam as Jackson `` Jax '' Teller , initially the vice president , who begins questioning the club and himself . Brotherhood , loyalty and redemption are constant themes . Sons of Anarchy premiered on September 3 , 2008 , on cable network FX . The series 's third season attracted an average of 4.9 million weekly viewers , making it FX 's highest rated series and surpassing its other hits The Shield , Nip/Tuck and Rescue Me . The season four and five premieres were the two highest-rated telecasts in FX 's history . The sixth season aired from September 10 , 2013 , through December 10 , 2013 . The seventh and final season of the series premiered on September 9 , 2014 . The series finale premiered on December 9 , 2014 . The series explores vigilantism , government corruption and racism , and depicts an outlaw motorcycle club as an analogy for human transformation . Real life Oakland Hell 's Angel David Labrava served as a technical adviser , and also played one of the main characters , Happy Lowman , the club 's assassin . In November 2013 , Sutter indicated he was in talks with FX to make a Sons of Anarchy prequel set in the 1960s . In February 2015 , he said he would not work on the prequel , likely to be titled `` The First 9 '' , before 2017 . In November 2016 FX announced the development of a spin off series Mayans MC , centered around Latino culture , which will likely include past SOA characters in cameo roles .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "b4d3845c2d2f998c1800696de86d4b10", "text": "List of Undateable episodes Undateable is an American multi-camera comedy television series that premiered on May 29 , 2014 , as a mid-season replacement on NBC . The series was created by Adam Sztykiel and is based on the book Undateable : 311 Things Guys do That Guarantee They Wo n't be Dating or Having Sex by Ellen Rakieten and Anne Coyle . On May 13 , 2016 , NBC cancelled the series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cae6fbeb7d6c9790e4cf7fd462ec87e8", "text": "The Fosters (2013 TV series) The Fosters is an American family drama television series created by Peter Paige and Bradley Bredeweg which first premiered in the United States on June 3 , 2013 on the Freeform ( previously named ABC Family ) television network . It follows the lives of the Foster family led by lesbian couple Stef and Lena , a cop and a school vice principal respectively , who raise a multi-ethnic blended family that consists of one biological and four adopted children in San Diego , California . The first season of The Fosters received generally favorable reviews from critics and also garnered particular acclaim for its portrayal of LGBT themes . It also earned two GLAAD Media Awards and one Teen Choice Award .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "084dcf66b8df94b775b39a7c72e9e6e5", "text": "Kurt Yaeger Kurt Yaeger ( born January 3 , 1977 ) is an American actor , director and professional athlete , who is also a below-the-knee amputee . Recent work includes roles on the CBS hit franchise NCIS and the much anticipated HBO/Cinemax series Quarry . Kurt is notable for appearing in season five of the FX series Sons of Anarchy as Greg `` the Peg '' and in the Rudimental music video for the UK hit single `` Waiting All Night '' featuring vocals from Ella Eyre .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8a52053018efb3a23694f91585d50877", "text": "Togetherness (TV series) Togetherness is an American comedy-drama television series created by Mark Duplass , Jay Duplass and Steve Zissis . It is primarily written and directed by the Duplass brothers , and stars Mark Duplass , Melanie Lynskey , Amanda Peet , Steve Zissis , and Abby Ryder Fortson . The series focuses on themes such as marriage and friendship . The show 's first season premiered on HBO on January 11 , 2015 . The series was renewed for an eight-episode second season , which premiered on February 21 , 2016 . On March 25 , 2016 , it was announced that Togetherness was canceled after two seasons .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6796a606c0dbff31772d153fe5827946", "text": "Chaos Theory (Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.) `` Chaos Theory '' is the seventh episode of the third season of the American television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. , based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D. ( Strategic Homeland Intervention , Enforcement and Logistics Division ) , revolving around the character of Phil Coulson and his team of S.H.I.E.L.D. agents as they deal with the monstrous Lash . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) , sharing continuity with the films of the franchise . The episode was written by Lauren LeFranc , and directed by David Solomon . Clark Gregg reprises his role as Coulson from the film series , and is joined by series regulars Ming-Na Wen , Brett Dalton , Chloe Bennet , Iain De Caestecker , Elizabeth Henstridge , Nick Blood , Adrianne Palicki , Henry Simmons , and Luke Mitchell . Matthew Willig guest stars as Lash , with Blair Underwood playing his human form , Andrew Garner . `` Chaos Theory '' originally aired on ABC on November 10 , 2015 , and according to Nielsen Media Research , was watched by 3.49 million viewers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0f5da7ea2fc10b46bc33f920711a034a", "text": "List of Scream episodes Scream is an American slasher horror television series developed by Jill Blotevogel , Dan Dworkin and Jay Beattie for MTV and is based on the slasher film series of the same name created by Kevin Williamson . The series premiered of June 30 , 2015 , following the airing of the second episode of the fifth season of Teen Wolf , to mixed reviews from critics , though it has slowly earned a strong fan base throughout its run . As of October 18 , 2016 , 24 episodes of Scream have aired , concluding the second season . Following the airing of the second season finale , it was announced that a two-hour Halloween special would air on October 18 , 2016 . On October 14 , 2016 , MTV renewed the series for a third season to consist of 6 episodes , which will premiere in 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c5e887c7d720cc21d266e943d9c968ce", "text": "Lethal Weapon (franchise) Lethal Weapon is an American buddy cop action comedy franchise created by Shane Black that focuses on two Los Angeles Police Department ( LAPD ) detectives , Martin Riggs and Roger Murtaugh . The franchise consists of four films released during the 1980s and 1990s , as well as a television series in 2016 . All four films in the series were directed by Richard Donner and also share many of the same core cast members , while the television series recast the main roles with younger actors instead .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9304371daeb89b3b82108d9f50a3e550", "text": "Shadowhunters Shadowhunters ( also known as Shadowhunters : The Mortal Instruments ) is an American fantasy television series that is loosely based on The Mortal Instruments by Cassandra Clare , and developed for television by Ed Decter . It is the second adaptation of the novel series , after the 2013 film The Mortal Instruments : City of Bones , which like Shadowhunters was produced by Constantin Film . The show received a straight-to-series order on March 30 , 2015 , and premiered on January 12 , 2016 on Freeform . In March 2016 , it was announced that the series had been renewed for a second season of 20 episodes , which premiered on January 2 , 2017 . In April 2017 , it was announced that the series had been renewed for a third season of 20 episodes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9667debada837220e171b0ef54f710bd", "text": "Ally McBeal Ally McBeal is an American legal comedy-drama television series , originally aired on Fox from September 8 , 1997 to May 20 , 2002 . Created by David E. Kelley , the series stars Calista Flockhart in the title role as a young lawyer working in the fictional Boston law firm Cage and Fish , with other young lawyers whose lives and loves were eccentric , humorous and dramatic . The series received critical acclaim in its early seasons , winning the Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series -- Musical or Comedy in 1997 and 1998 , and also winning the Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series in 1999 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "30bfddc8df905a4052ae484f1dc35215", "text": "The Closer (1998 TV series) The Closer is an American television sitcom that aired on CBS for 10 episodes in 1998 . The show starred Tom Selleck as a successful advertising agency executive .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6310ffdddd2cd3dd4fd0b00e8e6d9e74", "text": "Testees Testees is a Canadian television series , created by Kenny Hotz ( of Kenny vs. Spenny ) and written and produced by Kenny Hotz and Derek Harvie ( of The Tom Green Show ) . Testees originally aired on Thursdays at 10:30 PM EST on FX and ran from October 9 , 2008 , to December 18 , 2008 . and debuted on October 14 , 2008 , on Showcase in Canada . The show is filmed in Toronto and Hamilton , Ontario . Testees is now showing on FX in the UK , I.Sat in Brazil and Comedy Central in Germany , Austria and the Netherlands . After one season , Testees was not renewed by FX .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f20b8bc013d3210f3e9ded921671cea9", "text": "Better Off Ted Better Off Ted is an American satirical sitcom series , created by Victor Fresco ( known for his other television series Andy Richter Controls the Universe and the short-lived shows Life on a Stick and The Trouble with Normal ) who also served as the show 's executive producer . The series ran on the ABC network from March 18 , 2009 to January 26 , 2010 . Better Off Ted focuses on the protagonist , Ted Crisp ( Jay Harrington ) , a single father and the well-respected and beloved head of a research and development department at the fictional , soulless conglomerate of Veridian Dynamics . Ted narrates the series ' events by regularly breaking the fourth wall and directly addressing the audience as the show 's on-camera narrator . Supporting characters include Ted 's supervisor Veronica Palmer ( Portia de Rossi ) , co-worker and love interest Linda Zwordling ( Andrea Anders ) , his daughter Rose ( Isabella Acres ) , and laboratory scientists Phillip Myman ( Jonathan Slavin ) and Lem Hewitt ( Malcolm Barrett ) . The series received critical acclaim , with particular praise going towards its witty and satirical humor . Its second season holds a score of 84 out of 100 on Metacritic . However , despite such positive feedback , the show 's debut only drew in 5.64 million viewers and continued to have extremely low ratings . Although many expressed skepticism that it would return , it was renewed for a second season . On May 13 , 2010 , ABC officially canceled the series due to low viewing figures . Two episodes were unaired in the United States , but are available to view on Netflix , Amazon Video on Demand , Xbox Live Marketplace , and iTunes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9c1e0b983e365cfb1b6bf74237a0dec7", "text": "List of Unforgettable episodes Unforgettable is an American crime drama series created by Ed Redlich and John Bellucci for CBS , who serves as an executive producer alongside Carl Beverly and Sarah Timberman . It is based on the J. Robert Lennon 's short story `` The Rememberer '' . The series stars Poppy Montgomery as Carrie Wells , a former Syracuse , New York police detective , who has hyperthymesia , a rare medical condition that gives her the ability to remember everything . The fourth season of Unforgettable premiered on November 27 , 2015 on A&E . As of , 61 episodes of Unforgettable have aired .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9ac697c0ecd4727f00d8898ccf61967a", "text": "Open House (American Horror Story) `` Open House '' is the seventh episode of the first season of the television series American Horror Story , which premiered on the network FX on November 16 , 2011 . The episode was written by co-creator and executive producer Brad Falchuk and was directed by Tim Hunter . This episode is rated TV-MA ( LSV ) . In this episode , Violet ( Taissa Farmiga ) is confronted by a revelation , while Vivien ( Connie Britton ) learns she is pregnant with twins . In 2012 , this episode was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Art Direction for a Miniseries or Movie .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9665c9d40711fb80e08070b27d93066e", "text": "Freaks and Geeks Freaks and Geeks is an American teen comedy-drama television series , created by Paul Feig , with Judd Apatow as executive producer , that aired on NBC during the 1999 -- 2000 television season . Eighteen episodes were completed , but the series was canceled after only 12 had aired . A fan-led campaign persuaded NBC to broadcast three more episodes in July 2000 ; the three remaining unaired episodes , for a total of 18 , aired that September on the cable network Fox Family Channel . The series appeared on Time magazine 's 2007 `` 100 Greatest Shows of All Time '' list , and placed third on the magazine 's list of greatest television shows of the 2000s ( decade ) . In 2007 , Freaks and Geeks ranked # 21 on TV Guides Top Cult Shows Ever . In 2008 , Entertainment Weekly ranked it the 13th-best series of the past 25 years . The same year , AOL TV named it the Best School Show of All Time . In 2013 TV Guide included it in its list of The 60 Greatest Dramas of All Time , and ranked it # 1 on their list of 60 shows that were `` Cancelled Too Soon '' . It launched several of its young actors into successful television and film careers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "428b10dd0438c60c4a4b728cb82d3674", "text": "Teen drama A teen drama is a genre or type of drama series with a major focus on teenage and young adult characters . It came into prominence in the early 1990s , especially with the popularity of the Fox series Beverly Hills , 90210 . After 90210 became a success , television writers and producers realized the potential for this new genre to reach out to a previously ignored demographic . In the past , most series that maintained a focus on teenagers had been sitcoms , while adolescents in drama series were usually part of a larger ensemble that included adults and children . More often than not , teen dramas have soap opera elements , incorporating one or more ongoing story arcs spanning several episodes . The young characters must deal with the dramatic ups and downs of their friendships and romances while facing an array of issues thought to be typical of adolescence . There have also been many successful teen-based series with major science fiction , fantasy and action/adventure themes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2e119361dd928a98f5b9550e807920e5", "text": "Westworld (TV series) Westworld is an American science fiction western thriller television series created by Jonathan Nolan and Lisa Joy for HBO . It is based on the 1973 film of the same name , which was written and directed by American novelist Michael Crichton , and to a lesser extent on the 1976 sequel Futureworld . It is the second TV series based on the two films , the first being the short-lived 1980 series Beyond Westworld . Nolan and Joy serve as executive producers along with J. J. Abrams , Jerry Weintraub , and Bryan Burk , with Nolan directing the pilot . The first season premiered on October 2 , 2016 , concluded on December 4 , 2016 , and consists of ten episodes . In November 2016 , HBO renewed the show for a 10-episode second season , planned for a 2018 debut . The story takes place in the fictional Westworld , a technologically advanced Wild West -- themed amusement park populated by android hosts . Westworld caters to high-paying guests , who may indulge in whatever they wish within the park , without fear of retaliation from the hosts . The series ' debut on HBO garnered the network 's highest viewership ratings for a premiere since the first episode of True Detective in 2014 and Westworld ranks as the most-watched first season of an HBO original series ever . Westworld has received positive reviews by critics , with particular praise for the visuals , story , and acting .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ebd1277451958a5b098f3c027fbb751", "text": "Aquarius (U.S. TV series) Aquarius is an American period crime drama television series created by John McNamara for NBC . The show aired from May 28 , 2015 , to September 10 , 2016 . In 2015 , the series was among seven others to receive the Critics ' Choice Television Award for Most Exciting New Series . On October 1 , 2016 , NBC cancelled the series after two seasons .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ad511207d14bf63d9a7cf8c5596b89d0", "text": "The Bastard Executioner The Bastard Executioner is an American historical fiction drama television series , created by Kurt Sutter and aired on FX from September 15 , 2015 to November 17 , 2015 . On November 18 , 2015 , Sutter announced that FX had cancelled the series after one season .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "49275be8596baebc745fdb9bc64d71fe", "text": "Gay, Straight or Taken? Gay , Straight or Taken ? is a reality television series that was created by British TV producers , Gavin Hay and Remy Blumenfeld and piloted for ITV in 2003 It debuted on January 8 , 2007 on Lifetime Television . The program has also commenced airing in Australia on cable television channel Arena TV , in the United Kingdom on the free-to-view television channel Five Life , in Russia on MTV Russia , in Italy on SKY Uno , in Turkey on Foxlife , in Poland on MTV Poland , in Brazil on Multishow in France on TF1 and in the Netherlands on RTL 5 . As of 2011 , the show airs regularly in reruns on Lifetime Real Women .", "title": "" } ]	fever
aba46023e10866bbdd7dd07dca2a6fd4	Alkaline Trio is a jazz band.	[ { "docid": "06c0367387a2db6b881b67dceeb96a3b", "text": "Alkaline Trio Alkaline Trio is an American punk rock band from McHenry , Illinois . The band consists of guitarist and vocalist Matt Skiba , bassist and vocalist Dan Andriano , and drummer Derek Grant . Founded in late 1996 by Skiba , bassist Rob Doran , and drummer Glenn Porter , Alkaline Trio released its debut single , `` Sundials '' , in 1997 . Following its release , Doran departed from the band and was replaced by Andriano . The band subsequently recorded an EP , For Your Lungs Only ( 1998 ) , and its debut studio album , Goddamnit ( 1998 ) . Following the release of the band 's second album , Maybe I 'll Catch Fire ( 2000 ) , Porter left the band and was replaced by Mike Felumlee for its subsequent album , From Here to Infirmary ( 2001 ) . Backed by the singles `` Stupid Kid '' and `` Private Eye '' , From Here to Infirmary significantly increased the band 's exposure , and its follow-up , Good Mourning ( 2003 ) , charted highly on the Billboard 200 . Good Mourning marked the recording debut of current drummer Derek Grant . In 2005 , the band released Crimson which expanded upon the band 's punk rock influences , with prominent overdubs and additional instrumentation , and continued with this direction on Agony & Irony ( 2008 ) , which was released on V2 Records . In 2010 , the band released This Addiction on its own label Heart & Skull and Epitaph . Recorded in the band 's home town of Chicago , with early producer Matt Allison , the album was a conscious effort by the band to return to their punk rock roots ; it became the highest charting album of their career , debuting on the Billboard 200 at No. 11 . In 2011 , the band celebrated its 15-year anniversary with the release of Damnesia , which featured new , acoustic-based recordings of songs from across the band 's career . The band 's eighth studio album , My Shame Is True , was released on April 2 , 2013 .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "8758c1d3e67fb9838862c21a025be6b0", "text": "The Super Jazz Trio The Super Jazz Trio is an eponymous album by the band consisting of pianist Tommy Flanagan , bassist Reggie Workman , and drummer Joe Chambers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3d7cd1fc225c6e1f6ae6fa6bf49bcbac", "text": "Irving Klaw Trio Irving Klaw Trio was an American experimental rock group formed in Olympia , Washington in the 1990s . The band , named after Irving Klaw , was started when founding members Jeff Fuccillo , Jason Funk and Andrew Price met at the Evergreen State College . Later the group added saxophonist Ryan Polous but retained the `` trio '' name . Early recordings were influential lo-fi recordings released on numerous underground cassette tape labels such as Shrimper , Union Pole , Chocolate Monk and Catsup Plate . Later recordings were more refined and drew from a variety of influences including free jazz , space-rock and world music . Jeff Fuccillo and Jason Funk now play in the Japanese improvisational band Helll . Andrew Price is a member of Hungry Ghost .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "95977478bc1831674051abd104c9f782", "text": "Alabama 3 Alabama 3 are a British band mixing rock , electronic , blues , country , gospel , and spoken word styles , founded in Brixton , London in 1995 . In the United States , the band is known as A3 , allegedly to avoid any possible legal conflict with the country music band Alabama . The group achieved success when the producers of hit TV series The Sopranos chose the track `` Woke Up This Morning '' for the show 's opening credits . The band is notable for their fusion of styles , ironic lyrics , intentionally humorous personae , and outrageous live performances . Every member of the group has an alias , the band 's founding members adopting the personas Larry Love ( Rob Spragg ) and The Very Reverend Dr. D. Wayne Love ( Jake Black ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d22b18f315bf4d997df26d33dffeb16f", "text": "Alkali Ridge Alkali Ridge , also known as Alkali Point , is a set of widely scattered archaeological remains of the earliest forms of Puebloan architecture , representing a period of transition from scattered , pit-style dwellings to a settled agricultural lifestyle . These multi-story buildings and kivas have yielded high-quality ceramics , and form the type location for the Pueblo II period ( c. 900 CE -- c. 1100 CE ) . It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1964 . Cacao residue was detected in Site 13 ceramics after testing by University of Pennsylvania and Bristol-Meyers Squibb researchers . `` At Alkali Ridge there are faint marks of an ancient road , likely a trade route that connected this settlement to trading and cultural partners beyond . '' The Bears Ears Inter-Tribal Coalition ( BEITC ) , which was formed in 2015 with representatives from the Hopi , Navajo , Ute Mountain Ute , Pueblo of Zuni , and Ute Indian Tribes submitted their report that led to the creation of Bears Ears National Monument which included Alkali Ridge as one of six `` cultural special management areas '' along withthe Hole-in-the-Rock Historical Trail and the Grand Gulch , Big Westwater Ruin , Dance Hall Rock , Sand Island Petroglyph Panel , the Newspaper Rock Petroglyph Panel , and the Butler Wash Archaeological District National Register site . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "02832f4555d7e74eff8d4c8f67131878", "text": "Papa Jack Laine George Vital `` Papa Jack '' Laine ( September 21 , 1873 -- June 1 , 1966 ) was an American musician and a pioneering band leader in New Orleans in the years from the Spanish -- American War to World War I . He was often credited for training many musicians which would later become successful in jazz music . His Marching band was named Reliance Brass Band and it was the first to fuse European , African and Latin music together . The earliest jazz musicians can be traced back to playing within the Reliance Brass Band or being influenced from those who had . Many of the New Orleans musicians who first spread jazz around the United States in the 1910s and 1920s got their start in Laines marching band , including the members of the Original Dixieland Jass Band . Laine was a drummer , but was more noted for his skills at arranging and booking bands . Laine 's musicians included individuals from most of New Orleans ' many ethnic groups such as African American , English , French , German , Irish , Italian , Jewish , Latin American , Scottish , etc. . He started leading bands in 1885 before the Jim Crow laws went into effect in New Orleans . Due to the diverse background of many of his bands members such as their cultural background , socioeconomic status , age variations from young to old as well as musical experience ( some having none at all ) a broad range of ideas were developed and fused together leading to the early beginnings of jazz music . Even after segregation laws started demanding `` whites '' and `` colored '' be kept separate , Laine continued to hire light - and medium light-skinned African-American musicians , claiming that they were `` Cuban '' or `` Mexican '' if any segregationist tried to start trouble . As such his band attracted a large and diverse group of people such as Mexican clarinetist Lorenzo Tio , Sr. , a pioneer of the jazz solo . Laine believed music brought people together . Laine retired from the music booking business by 1920 , but he was interviewed a number of times , providing first hand accounts of the early days of the development of New Orleans jazz . He had hired well over 100 musicians to play in his bands , including the following :", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ec215273d3e99681d786e8116dc35318", "text": "Tokyo '96 Tokyo '96 is a live album by American pianist Keith Jarrett 's `` Standards Trio '' featuring Gary Peacock and Jack DeJohnette recorded in concert in March , 1996 at the Bunkamura Orchard Hall in Shibuya , Tokyo , Japan and released on the ECM label in 1998 . Filmed footage of the concert was originally released as Trio Concert 1996 ( by Image Entertainment in VHS and DVD formats ) . To celebrate the 25th anniversary of the Standards Trio in 2008 , ECM Records acquired rights to the filmed performance and released a double-DVD set called Live In Japan 93/96 , which featured Trio Concert 1996 and another Trio film , Live at Open Theater East .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d05ce5a9be29373d34896ac9bdd1da04", "text": "Twin Cities Hot Summer Jazz Festival The Twin Cities Jazz Festival is one of the largest free civic events in the upper Midwest , attracting upwards of 30,000 people . Founded in 1999 by festival promoter Steve Heckler , The main events of the festival are held at Mears Park in St. Paul in the Lowertown neighborhood . The festival closes several blocks and has utilized clubs such as the Bulldog , Hat Trick , Black Dog , Station 4 , Artists ' Quarter , Union Depot , Amsterdam , Heartland , Bedlam , SW Craft Bar , and more . For the first time in 2015 , the festival will present music at the newly opened CHS Field with Jack Brass Band opening for headliner Dr. John . In addition , Media partners have included Jazz 88 radio ( broadcasting live locally and streaming live on the internet internationally ) , WCCO-TV , The Rake , City Pages , Jazz Police , La Prenza and MPLS-St . Paul Magazine . The festival has also received extensive coverage in the Star Tribune , St. Paul Pioneer Press , The Minnesota Spokesman-Recorder and Skyway News . Festival performers have included : Joe Lovano , Chick Corea , Esperanza Spalding , Return to Forever , Dave Brubeck , Clark Terry , Monty Alexander , Gary Burton , Deodato , The Bad Plus with Joshua Redman , Danilo Pérez , Branford Marsalis , David `` Fathead '' Newman , Eric Alexander , Jimmy McGriff , Red Holloway , Jack McDuff , Joey DeFrancesco , Benny Golson , Dr. Lonnie Smith , Dewey Redman , Lew Tabackin , Bettye LaVette , Ira Sullivan , Spyro Gyra , Bernard Purdie , Melvin Rhyne , Ben Sidran , Von Freeman , Frank Morgan , Mose Allison , Butch Thompson , Bill Evans , Chris Michalek , Alicia Renee , Heatin ' System , Howard Levy , Debbie Duncan , Big Walter Smith , Percy Strother , Tiger Okoshi , Peter Schimke , Yellowjackets , Kristin Korb , Hiromi , Phil Hey Quartet , Duke Ellington Orchestra , Henry Johnson 's Organ Express , Nachito Herrera , Salsa del Soul , Bobby Sanabria , George Avaloz , Barbara Morrison , US Air Force Falconaires , Norman Simmons , David Young , Jon Weber , Jerry Weldon , Tony Monaco , Atlantis Quartet , and MN Big Band .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "be25b8d641c9ef1ee5a79a00a9206631", "text": "Mojave 3 Mojave 3 are a British band , consisting of Neil Halstead , Rachel Goswell , Simon Rowe , Alan Forrester , and Ian McCutcheon . Goswell , Halstead and McCutcheon previously played in Thames Valley shoegazing band Slowdive . The band initially existed as a trio , consisting of Halstead , Goswell , and McCutcheon . After Slowdive were dropped by Creation Records , the trio decided to change musical direction to a dream pop/country rock/folk music style , and were signed by 4AD Records . They took on the new name `` Mojave , '' but upon the discovery of another band already using the name , the `` 3 '' was added ( in reference to the group 's three members ) . Rowe ( formerly of Chapterhouse ) and Forrester joined shortly after the release of their first album . Both Halstead ( the main songwriter for the band ) and Goswell have released solo albums , also for 4AD . McCutcheon founded and is currently playing with his band called The Loose Salute who are signed to Heavenly Records and Graveface Records . In 2006 , Mojave 3 did a Take-Away Show session with Vincent Moon . According to Halstead , the band is on hiatus as of 2008 , but they are planning to release at least one more album in the future . Despite still being listed as `` on hiatus '' , the band returned to playing live in 2011 , including gigs supporting Band of Horses . During a radio interview on Israeli radio station Kol HaCampus on 7 May 2011 , Halstead said the band are working on new material , and may be recording during the summer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "af6727048d3eba2f1d4ef750c4adfea4", "text": "Emancipation of the dissonance The emancipation of the dissonance was a concept or goal put forth by composer Arnold Schoenberg and others , including his pupil Anton Webern . The phrase first appears in Schoenberg 's 1926 essay `` Opinion or Insight ? '' . It may be described as a metanarrative to justify atonality . Jim describes : Composers such as Charles Ives , Dane Rudhyar , Duke Ellington , and Lou Harrison connected the emancipation of the dissonance with the emancipation of society and humanity . Michael Broyles calls Ives tone-cluster-rich song `` Majority '' as `` an incantation , a mystical statement of belief in the masses or the people '' . Duke Ellington , after playing some of his pieces for a journalist , said , `` That 's the Negro 's life ... Hear that chord ! Dissonance is our way of life in America . We are something apart , yet an integral part '' . Lou Harrison described Carl Ruggles 's counterpoint as `` a community of singing lines , living a life of its own , ... careful not to get ahead or behind in its rhythmic cooperation with the others '' . Rudhyar gave the subtitle `` A New Principle of Musical and Social Organization '' to his book Dissonant Harmony , writing , `` Dissonant music is thus the music of true and spiritual Democracy ; the music of universal brotherhoods ; music of Free Souls , not of personalities . It abolishes tonalities , exactly as the real Buddhistic Reformation abolished castes into the Brotherhood of Monks ; for Buddhism is nothing but spiritual Democracy '' . Just as the harmonic series was and is used as a justification for consonance , such as by Rameau , among others , the harmonic series is often used as physical or psychoacoustic justification for the gradual emancipation of intervals and chords found further and further up the harmonic series over time , such as is argued by Henry Cowell in defense of his tone clusters . Some argue further that they are not dissonances , but consonances higher up the harmonic series and thus more complex . ; cited in gives the following diagram , a specific timeline he proposes : A 1996 book by Thomas J. Harrison , 1910 , the Emancipation of Dissonance , uses Schoenberg 's `` revolution '' to trace other movements in the arts around that time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "568d91ae99cb43bf1cdcbcaeb1a8bf13", "text": "Backbiter Backbiter is a protopunk band from Los Angeles , California that has received national recognition . They played their first show October 23 , 1991 , at the Shamrock Bar in Hollywood , CA on a bill with Dicktit , the Jack Brewer Band and The Drills ( whose organist , Jeff Muendel , later joined Backbiter for a few years and one album ) . Singer/guitarist Jonathan Hall had been playing in Texorcist ( the Los Angeles band with Linda `` Texacala '' Jones , formerly of Tex and the Horseheads , not the Texas band of the same name ) and the Angry Samoans with and bassist Heath Seifert . They jammed with drummer Bob Lee ( one of the Devo Bob drummers ) and the power trio came together , playing local clubs such as the notable post-punk hangout , Raji 's . The band released their first CD , Get Together in 1994 . A second effort in 2001 , a split-CD with Swedish band Elope on Man 's Ruin Records ( MR-2015 ) featured Muendel on Hammond B3 organ . Hall does n't sing about warlocks and unicorns , nor does the group sludge it up in an overtly Black Sabbath fashion , but the association with Man 's Ruin has associated them with the Stoner rock movement . That release is arguably their heaviest . The band released a third album in 2006 , once again as power trio sans the organ . The band continues to play live shows throughout California . They received LA Weeklys Heavy Metal Band of the Year award , which was presented to them by musician Ronnie James Dio .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6c3ec744a15fa3f03934fc95edcd6da4", "text": "This Addiction (song) `` This Addiction '' is a song by the punk rock band Alkaline Trio , released as the first single from their 2010 album This Addiction . The single was released as a digital download through online retailers on January 12 , 2010 , and as a 7 '' single exclusively through Hot Topic stores on February 9 , 2010 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "769ca6319cba03ab477fda15493b7f8e", "text": "Blue Bird Inn The Blue Bird Inn , at 5021 Tireman , was a jazz night club in Detroit presenting music every night except Monday . An African American owned venue , by the end of the 1940s it was the most important live outlet for bop in the city . Thad Jones ' composition `` 5021 '' refers to the Blue Bird 's address and Tommy Flanagan placed tribute to the venue in the title track to an album with Kenny Burrell , Beyond the Blue Bird ( 1990 ) . The venue had featured live music since the 1930s , but in 1948 Phil Hill was hired to assemble a house band that could play bebop . Hill 's first trio there comprised Abe Woodly on vibraphone and Art Mardigian on drums , with Hill on piano . The following year , Hill and Mardigan were joined by Wardell Gray , James `` Beans '' Richardson on bass and Jack Tiant on bongos , and , as the Phil Hill Quintet , recorded a live album on July 20 , 1949 . The following April , the Wardell Gray Quartet , with Hill , Richardson and Mardigan recorded for Prestige . In the latter half of 1949 , the trio was headlined by Tate Houston , and later by Frank Foster . In the early 1950s , the Billy Mitchell Quintet , featuring Elvin Jones , replace Hill 's trio as the house band . In 1953 , Miles Davis joined the band , and would return many times with his own groups . Other performers included Pepper Adams , Sonny Stitt , Ahmad Jamal , Donald Byrd , Frank Gant , and Curtis Fuller .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "02196be0909569a8944ed5d6059d872a", "text": "Live under the sky Live under the sky was an annual jazz festival held in summer , July and August , at the Denen Coliseum and Yomiuriland in Tokyo and other areas in Japan . The multiple day festival featured musicians from Japan and other countries performing on different stages . It was held from 1977 -- 1992 . Notable artists at Live under the sky were Buzz Feiten , Kimiko Kasai , `` V.S.O.P. '' quintet , Pedro Aznar , Masahiko Togashi , Terumasa Hino , Sadao Watanabe , McCoy Tyner , Ron Carter , Elis Regina , Chick Corea , John McLaughlin , Stanley Clarke , Toshiyuki Honda , Sonny Rollins , Paco de Lucía , Carlos Santana , Weather Report , The Crusaders , Gil Evans , Black Uhuru , Sly and Robbie , Miles Davis , John Scofield , Roberta Flack , Al Di Meola , Branford Marsalis , Ornette Coleman , Miles Davis , Ryuichi Sakamoto , Samul nori , Wayne Shorter , Jack DeJohnette , Kazumi Watanabe , Eugene Pao , Eddie Gómez , Marlon Jordan , Pat Metheny , David Sanborn , Don Alias , Sun Ra , Marshall Allen , Danny Thompson , Billy Bang , Marilyn Mazur , Michael Brecker , Mike Stern , Leon `` Ndugu '' Chancler , Don Grolnick , Yoshio Suzuki , Gunther Schuller , Roberta Flack , Masahiko Satoh , Alex Acuna , Nana Vasconcelos , Kazutoki Umezu , Al Jarreau , Philippe Saisse , Steve Gadd , Michel Godard , Milton Nascimento , Omar Hakim , Marcus Miller , Lalah Hathaway , Dean Brown , Everette Harp , Larry Coryell , Billy Cobham , Paul Wertico , Harold Smiley Davis土肥晃 . Live under the sky ( established in 1977 ) , Newport Jazz Festival in Madarao ( established in 1982 ) and Mount Fuji Jazz Festival ( established in 1986 ) are the big 3 jazz festivals in the history of jazz in Japan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5edaef1c6ec8e0c6aa8b0f47951b13be", "text": "Jazz chord Jazz chords refer to chords , chord voicings and chord symbols that jazz musicians commonly use in composition , improvisation , and harmony . In jazz chords and theory , most triads that appear in lead sheets or fake books can have sevenths added to them , using the performer 's discretion and ear . For example , if a tune is in the key of C , if there is a G chord , the chord-playing performer usually `` voices '' this chord as G7 . While in a strict classical music context , the notes of a G7 chord would be G -- B -- D -- F , jazz often omits the fifth of the chord -- and even the root if playing in a group , since the bassist will play it . Omitting the root and fifth gives the improvising chord-playing musician the option to play other notes . Also , if a seventh chord , such as G7 , appears in a lead sheet or fake book , many chord-playing performers add the ninth or thirteenth to the chord , even though the lead sheet does not specify these additional notes . Jazz players can add these additional , upper notes -- seventh , ninth , eleventh , and thirteenth -- because they are an important part of the jazz sound . Lead sheets and fake books often do not detail how to voice the chord because a lead sheet or fake book is only intended to provide basic guide to the harmony . An experienced `` comping '' performer playing electric guitar or piano adds the extra notes using their ear and taste . In voicing jazz chords , performers focus first on the seventh and the major or minor third of the chord , with the latter indicating the chord quality , along with added chord extensions ( e.g. , ninths , elevenths , or thirteenths , even if not indicated in the lead sheet or fake book ) to add tone `` colour '' to the chord . As such , a jazz guitarist or jazz piano player might `` voice '' a printed G chord with the notes B -- E -- F -- A , which would be the third , sixth ( thirteenth ) , seventh , and ninth of the chord . Jazz chord-playing musicians may also add altered chord tones ( e.g. , 9 , 9 , 11 , 13 ) and added tones . An example of an altered dominant chord in the key of C , built on a G would be to voice the chord as `` B -- C -- E -- F -- A '' ; this would be G7 ( 911 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "433c6c1b6d34508ae71336690fd7c6cc", "text": "Dirty Dozen Brass Band The Dirty Dozen Brass Band is a New Orleans , Louisiana , brass band . The ensemble was established in 1977 by Benny Jones together with members of the Tornado Brass Band . The Dirty Dozen revolutionized the New Orleans brass band style by incorporating funk and bebop into the traditional New Orleans jazz style , and has been a major influence on the majority of New Orleans brass bands since .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "54c8a76880e814fd6940eb79cde55bfe", "text": "1950s in jazz By the end of the 1940s , the nervous energy and tension of bebop was replaced with a tendency towards calm and smoothness , with the sounds of cool jazz , which favoured long , linear melodic lines . It emerged in New York City , as a result of the mixture of the styles of predominantly white swing jazz musicians and predominantly black bebop musicians , and it dominated jazz in the first half of the 1950s . The starting point were a series of singles on Capitol Records in 1949 and 1950 of a nonet led by trumpeter Miles Davis , collected and released first on a ten-inch and later a twelve-inch as the Birth of the Cool . Cool jazz recordings by Chet Baker , Dave Brubeck , Bill Evans , Gil Evans , Stan Getz and the Modern Jazz Quartet usually have a `` lighter '' sound which avoided the aggressive tempos and harmonic abstraction of bebop . Cool jazz later became strongly identified with the West Coast jazz scene , but also had a particular resonance in Europe , especially Scandinavia , with emergence of such major figures as baritone saxophonist Lars Gullin and pianist Bengt Hallberg . The theoretical underpinnings of cool jazz were set out by the blind Chicago pianist Lennie Tristano , and its influence stretches into such later developments as Bossa nova , modal jazz , and even free jazz . See also the list of cool jazz and West Coast musicians for further detail . Hard bop , an extension of bebop ( or `` bop '' ) music that incorporates influences from rhythm and blues , gospel music , and blues , especially in the saxophone and piano playing , developed in the mid-1950s , partly in response to the vogue for cool jazz in the early 1950s . The hard bop style coalesced in 1953 and 1954 , paralleling the rise of rhythm and blues . Miles Davis ' performance of `` Walkin ' '' the title track of his album of the same year , at the very first Newport Jazz Festival in 1954 , announced the style to the jazz world . The quintet Art Blakey and the Jazz Messengers , fronted by Blakey and featuring pianist Horace Silver and trumpeter Clifford Brown , were leaders in the hard bop movement along with Davis . ( See also List of Hard bop musicians ) Modal jazz recordings , such as Miles Davis 's Kind of Blue , became popular in the late 1950s . Popular modal standards include Davis 's `` All Blues '' and `` So What '' ( both 1959 ) , John Coltrane 's `` Impressions '' ( 1963 ) and Herbie Hancock 's `` Maiden Voyage '' ( 1965 ) . Later , Davis 's `` second great quintet '' , which included saxophonist Wayne Shorter and pianist Herbie Hancock , recorded a series of highly acclaimed albums in the mid-to-late 1960s . Standards from these sessions include Shorter 's `` Footprints '' ( 1966 ) and Eddie Harris 's `` Freedom Jazz Dance '' ( 1966 ) . In Brazil , a new style of music called bossa nova evolved in the late 1950s . The free jazz movement , coming to prominence in the late 1950s , spawned very few standards . Free jazz 's unorthodox structures and performance techniques are not as amenable to transcription as other jazz styles . However , `` Lonely Woman '' ( 1959 ) a blues by saxophonist Ornette Coleman , is perhaps the closest thing to a standard in free jazz , having been recorded by dozens of notable performers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "029404d60d7198d5d24e0e94daae9cfd", "text": "For Your Lungs Only For Your Lungs Only is the debut EP by the Chicago-based punk rock band Alkaline Trio , released May 26 , 1998 through Asian Man Records . The song `` Southern Rock '' was re-recorded for their debut album Goddamnit later that year . All four tracks from the EP were reissued on the compilation album Alkaline Trio in 2000 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d805ee151da17f0a113564f230dc7aab", "text": "Jazz Way Out Jazz Way Out is an album by jazz musicians John Coltrane and Wilbur Harden , the second of the three Savoy 1958 recordings made by Coltrane and Harden together . The session also produced an alternate take of `` Dial Africa '' , which can be found on some compilations , most notably the ones featuring the complete Savoy recordings made by Harden and Coltrane together , The Complete Mainstream 1958 Sessions ( 2009 ) and The Complete Savoy Sessions ( 1999 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab167bd6ba19345a0fbcf754c7d6c8a6", "text": "Deep Blue Organ Trio The Deep Blue Organ Trio was a Chicago based jazz organ trio made up of jazz guitarist Bobby Broom , Hammond B3 organist Chris Foreman and drummer Greg Rockingham . In their individual careers they have performed and recorded with many prominent musicians in the field of jazz and blues . The group disbanded in 2013 after opening for a few Steely Dan summer tours . Although they played together beginning in 1992 , they officially formed this co-led group in 2000 and recorded four albums , two for Delmark Records in 2004 and 2006 and two for Origin Records , one in 2007 and one in 2011 . The trio displayed elements of the soul jazz and hard bop styles of jazz , and utilized blues music as well as the rhythm & blues and funk music mediums in their music .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4b50d6b56b44bfb98217bdaf8fda129f", "text": "Trio (Dolly Parton, Linda Ronstadt and Emmylou Harris album) Trio is a collaboration album by three American performers , Dolly Parton , Linda Ronstadt and Emmylou Harris . The album , released in 1987 , sold over 4 million copies worldwide and also received several awards , including two Grammy Awards . Parton , Ronstadt , and Harris released a second album , Trio II , in 1999 .", "title": "" } ]	fever
adb73a05595a824c0a61442295391fc8	Anne Hathaway won a Critics' Choice Movie Award.	[ { "docid": "1b2c6050c18eaccd08c37fed6c588d37", "text": "Anne Hathaway Anne Jacqueline Hathaway ( born November 12 , 1982 ) is an American actress and singer . Born in Brooklyn , New York and brought up in Millburn , New Jersey , Hathaway was inspired to act by her mother and as a high school student was nominated for the Paper Mill Playhouse Rising Star Award for Best Performance by a High School Actress for her performance in Once Upon a Mattress . She made her professional screen debut in the short-lived Fox television series Get Real ( 1999 -- 2000 ) , before landing the lead role of Mia Thermopolis in the Disney comedy film The Princess Diaries ( 2001 ) , for which she won the Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Actress -- Comedy . Hathaway went on to become a widely praised `` role model for children '' for her roles in Nicholas Nickleby ( 2002 ) , Ella Enchanted ( 2004 ) , The Princess Diaries 2 : Royal Engagement ( 2004 ) , and Hoodwinked ! ( 2005 ) . Hathaway began to transition to more adult roles in 2005 , winning a DVD Exclusive Award for Best Actress for Havoc ( 2005 ) , receiving a Screen Actors Guild Award nomination for her role in the critically acclaimed Brokeback Mountain ( 2005 ) , garnering further recognition for appearing alongside Meryl Streep in The Devil Wears Prada ( 2006 ) , and earning a BIFA nomination for Best Performance by an Actress for her portrayal of Jane Austen in Becoming Jane ( 2007 ) . Hathaway received praise for her performance as a recovering drug addict in Rachel Getting Married ( 2008 ) , for which she won the Critics ' Choice Movie Award for Best Actress and was nominated for the Academy , Golden Globe , Screen Actors Guild , and Indie Spirit Awards for Best Actress / Female Lead . She went on to win her second Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Actress -- Comedy for starring in Bride Wars ( 2009 ) and in 2010 , appeared in the box office hits Valentine 's Day , Alice in Wonderland and Love & Other Drugs , which earned her the Satellite Award for Best Actress and a nomination for the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress -- Motion Picture Comedy or Musical . In 2011 , Hathaway voiced Jewel in the animated film Rio and hosted the 83rd Academy Awards with James Franco , which was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Special Class Program . In 2012 , she portrayed Catwoman in Christopher Nolan 's The Dark Knight Rises , for which she won the Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress . The same year , she starred as Fantine in Tom Hooper 's Les Misérables , which earned her widespread acclaim and she won the Academy , Golden Globe , BAFTA , and SAG Awards for Best Supporting Actress . Hathaway has since gone on to appear in Rio 2 ( 2014 ) , Interstellar ( 2014 ) , The Intern ( 2015 ) , and reprised her role as the White Queen in Alice Through the Looking Glass ( 2016 ) . People magazine named Hathaway one of its breakthrough stars of 2001 , and she appeared on its list of the world 's 50 Most Beautiful People in 2006 . Following a four-year relationship with real estate developer Raffaello Follieri , Hathaway married Adam Shulman in 2012 , with whom she has one son , born in March 2016 .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "5d303954b27e018d4558c138c35cf71a", "text": "My Fair Lady (film) My Fair Lady is a 1964 American musical film adapted from the Lerner and Loewe eponymous stage musical based on the 1913 stage play Pygmalion by George Bernard Shaw . With a screenplay by Alan Jay Lerner and directed by George Cukor , the film depicts a poor Cockney flower seller named Eliza Doolittle who overhears an arrogant phonetics professor , Henry Higgins , as he casually wagers that he could teach her to speak `` proper '' English , thereby making her presentable in the high society of Edwardian London . The film stars Audrey Hepburn and Rex Harrison as Eliza Doolittle and Henry Higgins respectively , with Stanley Holloway , Gladys Cooper and Wilfrid Hyde-White in supporting roles . A critical and commercial success , it won eight Academy Awards , including Best Picture , Best Actor , and Best Director . In 1998 , the American Film Institute named it the 91st greatest American film of all time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "def0aedff5557d0ee35128535de300bd", "text": "American Film Institute The American Film Institute ( AFI ) is an American film organization that educates filmmakers and honors the heritage of the motion picture arts in the United States . AFI is supported by private funding and public membership .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "890cb53e5414a6e5217cdd7fc4f71c3f", "text": "List of awards and nominations received by Angelina Jolie The following is a list of awards and nominations received by American actress and filmmaker Angelina Jolie . She received three Golden Globe Awards , two Screen Actors Guild Awards , and an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her portrayals of First Lady of Alabama Cornelia Wallace in George Wallace ( 1997 ) , troubled supermodel Gia Carangi in Gia ( 1998 ) , and a sociopathic mental patient in Girl , Interrupted ( 1999 ) . Her later performances as Mariane Pearl in A Mighty Heart ( 2007 ) and Christine Collins in Changeling ( 2008 ) earned her additional nominations , including for an Academy Award for Best Actress . For her work in the action films Sky Captain and the World of Tomorrow ( 2004 ) , Mr. and Mrs. Smith ( 2005 ) , Wanted ( 2008 ) , and The Tourist ( 2010 ) , Jolie received awards based on popular votes , including an MTV Movie Award , two People 's Choice Awards , and four Teen Choice Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fd627cf54e90a96c7f5bc3e24a196303", "text": "American Film Institute Awards 2003 The American Film Institute ( AFI ) Awards 2003 honored the Top 10 Films and Top 10 Television Programs of the year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "265457bbd71c6794b018f6d68b1e85e8", "text": "25th Academy Awards The 25th Academy Awards ceremony was held on March 19 , 1953 . It took place at the RKO Pantages Theatre in Hollywood , California , and the NBC International Theatre in New York City . It was the first Academy Awards ceremony to be televised , and the first ceremony to be held in Hollywood and New York City simultaneously . It was also the only year that the New York ceremonies were to be held in the NBC International Theatre on Columbus Circle , which was shortly thereafter demolished and replaced by the New York Coliseum convention center . A major upset occurred in the category of Best Picture . The heavily favored High Noon lost to Cecil B. DeMille 's The Greatest Show on Earth , eventually considered among the worst films to have won the Academy Award for Best Picture . The American film magazine Premiere placed the movie on its list of the 10 worst Oscar winners and the British film magazine Empire rated it # 3 on their list of the 10 worst Oscar winners . It has the lowest spot on Rotten Tomatoes ' list of the 81 films to win Best Picture . Of all the films nominated for the Oscar this year , only High Noon and Singin ' in the Rain would show up 46 years later on the American Film Institute list of the greatest American films of the 20th Century . For a film that only received two nominations , Singin ' in the Rain went on to be named as the greatest American musical film of all time and in the 2007 American Film Institute updated list as the fifth greatest American film of all time , while High Noon was ranked twenty-seventh on the same 2007 list , as well . The Bad and the Beautiful won five awards , the most wins ever for a film not nominated for Best Picture . It was also the second Academy Awards in which a film not nominated for Best Picture received the most awards of the evening , excluding years where there were ties for the most wins . The only other film to do this was The Thief of Bagdad at the 13th Academy Awards ; as of the 87th Academy Awards , it has not happened since . Until Spotlight won only Best Picture and Best Original Screenplay at the 88th Academy Awards , this was the last year in which the Best Picture winner won just two Oscars . It was also the second of three years to date in which two films not nominated for Best Picture received more nominations than the winner ( The Bad and the Beautiful and Hans Christian Andersen , both with six ) . This occurred again at the 79th Academy Awards . Shirley Booth also became the last person to win an Oscar in a Leading Role to be born in the 19th century . She also holds the distinction of being the first woman in her 50s to win the award , at the age of 54 ( the second woman in her 50s to win , Julianne Moore , was 54 when awarded at the 87th Academy Awards ) . John Ford 's fourth win for Best Director set a record for the most wins in this category that remains unmatched to this day . For the first time since the introduction of Supporting Actor and Actress awards in 1936 , Best Picture , Best Director , and all four acting Oscars went to six different films . This has happened only three times since , at the 29th Academy Awards for 1956 , the 78th for 2005 , and the 85th for 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7c29e8ff31757bfc966edab2d5e4a9d9", "text": "Anjelica Huston Anjelica Huston ( -LSB- ˈhjuːstən -RSB- born July 8 , 1951 ) is an American actress , director and former fashion model . Huston became the third generation of her family to win an Academy Award , when she won Best Supporting Actress for her performance in 1985 's Prizzi 's Honor , joining her father , director John Huston , and grandfather , actor Walter Huston . She also received Academy Award nominations for Enemies , a Love Story ( 1989 ) and The Grifters ( 1990 ) . Huston received British Academy Award nominations for her work in the Woody Allen films Crimes and Misdemeanors ( 1989 ) and Manhattan Murder Mystery ( 1993 ) . Among her other roles , she starred as Morticia Addams in The Addams Family ( 1991 ) and Addams Family Values ( 1993 ) , receiving Golden Globe nominations for both , and played the Grand High Witch in the children 's movie The Witches ( 1990 ) . She has frequently collaborated with director Wes Anderson , including The Royal Tenenbaums ( 2001 ) and The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou ( 2004 ) . She is also the author of two memoirs ; A Story Lately Told and Watch Me .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a8297510517d822e4e2dd949eb38cb7d", "text": "Blairstown Theater Festival The Blairstown Theater Festival operated from December 2006 through November 2007 at historic Roy 's Hall ( also known as Roy 's Theatre ) , a former silent movie theater built in 1913 at 30 Main Street in Blairstown , New Jersey . On July 13 , 2007 , the company attracted considerable media attention when they presented three screenings of the classic horror film , Friday the 13th , which was shot in and around Blairstown in the fall of 1979 . Roy 's Hall appears in the film shortly after the opening credits . The company 's January 2007 production of Letters from the Inside was selected by The Star-Ledger as one of the top five new plays of the 2006 -- 2007 New Jersey theater season and actress Kelli Ambrose , who played Mandy in Letters from the Inside , was selected as one of the top five Best Leading Actresses in a Play . Among the other concerts and productions presented by the Blairstown Theater Festival were Nancy Anderson singing early Broadway songs backed by the Baroque Orchestra of North Jersey ( Baroque to Broadway ) , the Still River Band in Concert , Malachy McCourt and Jarlath Conroy in A Couple of Blaguards , Betsy Palmer and Will Hutchins in A.R. Gurney 's Love Letters , the New Jersey premiere of I Am Anne Frank , and concerts by cabaret performers KT Sullivan ( Vienna to Weimar ) , John O'Neil ( ` So Kaye ) , the Western Wind Vocal Ensemble ( Holiday Light ) , Cris Groenendaal ( Music of the Night ) , Jana Robbins ( One Hell of a Ride ! The Songs of Cy Coleman ) and jazz pianist Bill Mays and his Inventions Trio . The company also presented several film festivals with such classic titles as Gone with the Wind , Casablanca , Seven Samurai , Abbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein , A Night at the Opera , The Court Jester , -LSB- -LSB- Beauty and the Beast ( 1946 film ) \| La Belle et la Bête -RSB- -RSB- , Black Orpheus , Mon Oncle , The Wages of Fear and La Strada . The Blairstown Theater Festival was not able to continue past its first season for several reasons . Most significantly , Blairstown Township suddenly increased the real estate taxes on the building by more than 680 % ( from $ 1,031.55 to $ 7,032.30 ) and the landlord decided to sell the theatre . A CD featuring highlights from the Blairstown Theater Festival 's season was released in February 2008 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "edc1260565d7d1f54625d192e73f850a", "text": "List of awards and nominations received by Anne Hathaway The following is a list of awards and nominations received by Anne Hathaway throughout her acting career .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "754ed8f0ab34905d2d53deaba96f805a", "text": "Toronto Film Critics Association Award for Best Foreign Language Film The Toronto Film Critics Association Award for Best Foreign ( Language ) Film is one of the annual awards given by the Toronto Film Critics Association .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d4b8f1aba9dc803d1cf199d65be6e3e6", "text": "Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play The Tony Award for Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role in a Play is an honor presented at the Tony Awards , a ceremony established in 1947 as the Antoinette Perry Awards for Excellence in Theatre , to actors for quality leading roles in a Broadway play . The awards are named after Antoinette Perry , an American actress who died in 1946 . Honors in several categories are presented at the ceremony annually by the Tony Award Productions , a joint venture of The Broadway League and the American Theatre Wing , to `` honor the best performances and stage productions of the previous year . '' Despite the award first being presented in 1947 , there were no nominees announced until 1956 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5df96c0814e26b36c1c686b0693dcb1b", "text": "26th Academy Awards The 26th Academy Awards honored the best in films of 1953 . The second national telecast of the Awards show drew an estimated 43 million viewers . Shirley Booth , appearing in a play in Philadelphia , presented the Best Actor award through a live broadcast cut-in , and privately received the winner 's name over the telephone from co-host Donald O'Connor . ( Actor Fredric March co-hosted from New York City . ) Gary Cooper filmed his presentation of the Best Actress award in advance on a set in Mexico , with O'Connor announcing the winner 's name . All the major winners in this year were black-and-white films . The big winner was Fred Zinnemann 's From Here to Eternity , with thirteen nominations and eight awards including Best Picture , Best Supporting Actor , Best Supporting Actress , Best Director , Best Screenplay ( Daniel Taradash ) , Best Cinematography ( Burnett Guffey ) , Best Sound , and Best Film Editing . All five of its major actors and actresses were nominated , with secondary players Donna Reed and Frank Sinatra taking home Oscars . The candid film was based on James Jones ' controversial , best-selling novel about Army life on a Hawaiian ( Oahu ) military base just prior to the Pearl Harbor attack and World War II , illustrating the conflict between an individualistic private ( Montgomery Clift ) and rigid institutional authority ( exemplified by the Army ) . Its achievement of eight awards matched the then record held by Gone with the Wind ( 1939 ) . The record would be tied again the following year by On the Waterfront ( 1954 ) . Walt Disney won four awards , which remains the record for the most Oscars won in the same year . William Holden 's speech for Best Actor for his role in Stalag 17 was simply `` Thank You '' , making it one of the shortest speeches ever ; the TV broadcast had a strict cutoff time which forced Holden 's quick remarks . The frustrated Holden personally paid for advertisements in the Hollywood trade publications to thank everyone he wanted to on Oscar night . He also remarked that he felt that either Burt Lancaster or Montgomery Clift should have won the Best Actor Oscar for From Here to Eternity , instead of him .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a96fed149591ca6f0cff27eb1f1498bd", "text": "List of accolades received by Dallas Buyers Club Dallas Buyers Club is a 2013 American biographical drama film directed by Jean-Marc Vallée based on a screenplay written by Craig Borten and Melisa Wallack . Matthew McConaughey stars as Ron Woodroof , an AIDS patient who smuggles unapproved AIDS drug treatments into Texas and establishes the titular club where he distributes them amongst other AIDS sufferers whilst opposed by the Food and Drug Administration . Jared Leto and Jennifer Garner feature in supporting roles . Dallas Buyers Club premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival on September 7 , 2013 . Focus Features initially gave the film a limited release at nine theaters on November 1 before expanding it on November 22 to over 600 theaters in the United States and Canada . The film grossed a worldwide total of over $ 55 million on a production budget of $ 5 million . Rotten Tomatoes , a review aggregator , surveyed 234 reviews and judged 94 % to be positive . Dallas Buyers Club garnered awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for the performances of actors , McConaughey and Leto . At the 86th Academy Awards , the film received six nominations , including Best Picture , Best Original Screenplay , Best Actor for McConaughey , and Best Supporting Actor for Leto . McConaughey and Leto went on to win their respective categories -- only the fifth film in Oscars history to win both awards . Hairstylist Adruitha Lee , and makeup artist Robin Mathews won for Best Makeup and Hairstyling . Mathews ' makeup budget for the film was only $ 250 . At the 71st Golden Globe Awards , McConaughey won for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Drama , and Leto won for Best Supporting Actor -- Motion Picture . At the Screen Actors Guild Awards the film had three nominations ; winning Best Actor for McConaughey and Best Supporting Actor for Leto . Borten and Wallack 's screenplay was also nominated for Best Original Screenplay at the Writers Guild of America Awards . The National Board of Review named Dallas Buyers Club one of the top ten independent films of 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "56563307d80f178eefa7f73cb22d6e44", "text": "78th Academy Awards The 78th Academy Awards ceremony , presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS ) , took place on March 5 , 2006 , at the Kodak Theatre in Hollywood , Los Angeles beginning at 5:00 p.m. PST / 8:00 p.m. EST. . The ceremony was scheduled one week later than usual to avoid conflicting with the 2006 Winter Olympics . During the ceremony , AMPAS presented Academy Awards ( commonly referred to as Oscars ) in 24 categories honoring films released in 2005 . The ceremony , televised in the United States by ABC , was produced by Gil Cates and directed by Louis J. Horvitz . Actor Jon Stewart hosted the show for the first time . Two weeks earlier in a ceremony at The Beverly Hilton in Beverly Hills , California held on February 18 , the Academy Awards for Technical Achievement were presented by host Rachel McAdams . Crash won three awards including Academy Award for Best Picture . Other winners included Brokeback Mountain , King Kong , and Memoirs of a Geisha also with three awards apiece , and Capote , The Chronicles of Narnia : The Lion , the Witch and the Wardrobe , The Constant Gardener , Hustle and Flow , March of the Penguins , The Moon and the Son : An Imagined Conversation , A Note of Triumph : The Golden Age of Norman Corwin , Six Shooter , Syriana , Tsotsi , Walk the Line , and Wallace & Gromit : The Curse of the Were-Rabbit with one each . The telecast garnered nearly 39 million viewers in the United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "46b4bfb03a462e2987506adf96f42928", "text": "Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Editing The Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Editing is one of the annual film awards given by the Los Angeles Film Critics Association .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1445773c08da50707979a85167e4edf4", "text": "Houston Film Critics Society Awards 2010 The 4th Houston Film Critics Society Awards were presented on December 18 , 2010 . These awards for `` extraordinary accomplishment in film '' are presented annually by the Houston Film Critics Society ( HFCS ) based in Houston , Texas . The organization , founded in 2007 , includes 22 film critics for print , radio , television , and internet publications in the greater Houston area . The awards are co-sponsored by the Houston Film Commission , Southwest Alternate Media Project , Women in Film and Television/Houston , WorldFest , and the Houston Cinema Arts Society . The nominations for the 2010 awards were announced on December 12 , 2010 . Eligible films do not need to have played or opened in a Houston film theater prior to the nomination deadline , merely made available to the HFCS membership at a screening or on DVD . Along with the 13 `` best of '' category awards , this year also saw the introduction of a new category for `` Worst Movies of the Year '' . The Social Network , True Grit , and 127 Hours each received six nominations , all including the Best Picture , Actor , Direction , and Original Score categories . The Social Network was the HFCS 's most awarded film of 2010 taking top honors in the Best Picture , Best Director ( David Fincher ) , Best Actor ( Jesse Eisenberg ) , and Best Screenplay ( Aaron Sorkin ) categories . Inception was the only other film to garner multiple awards , winning both the Best Original Score ( Hans Zimmer ) and Best Cinematography ( Wally Pfister ) prizes . The other acting awards went to Natalie Portman as Best Actress for Black Swan , Hailee Steinfeld as Best Supporting Actress for True Grit , and Christian Bale as Best Supporting Actor for The Fighter . The remaining film honors went to Toy Story 3 as Best Animated Film , Restrepo as Best Documentary , and The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo as Best Foreign Language Film . `` We Are Sex Bob-Omb '' by Beck from Scott Pilgrim vs. the World was named the Best Original Song . The HFCS 's first-ever award for `` Worst Picture '' was given to Jonah Hex starring Josh Brolin . In addition to the category awards , the HFCS presented their annual Lifetime Achievement Award to Sissy Spacek and its Humanitarian Award to George Clooney . Clooney was selected for `` selflessly using his celebrity for greater good '' . The HFCS award for Outstanding Achievement in Cinema awards were presented to Charles Dove , director of the Rice University Media Center , and Hector Luna , the founder and editor of C-47 Houston .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4d84599382c32d6dd2ae245d3a051593", "text": "World Soundtrack Award – Public Choice The Public Choice Award for the Best Score of the Year is an award by the World Soundtrack Academy . Each year , the general public votes for the nominees and the award is presented at the annual World Soundtrack Awards . The category has existed since 2001 , but there was not a winner nor a vote for 2003 's ceremony . In 2016 , the International Film Music Critics Association partnered with WSA in choosing the shortlist of nominees , selecting 30 scores representing the most outstanding works . The five nominees receiving the most votes became the final candidates for the award , with the winner announced at the awards gala .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "416b9b9e2f64fefa0b036d61462e76b3", "text": "Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards 2004 The 30th Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards , announced on 11 December 2004 by the Los Angeles Film Critics Association , honored the best in film for 2004 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4d3f56123540da179ece607c09c505eb", "text": "48th Academy Awards The 48th Academy Awards were presented March 29 , 1976 at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion , Los Angeles . The ceremonies were presided over by Walter Matthau , Robert Shaw , George Segal , Goldie Hawn , and Gene Kelly . This year , ABC took over broadcast rights from NBC , and continues to broadcast them today . ( NBC 's coverage of the 1976 NCAA Final Four aired opposite the ceremony ; during the presentation of the Best Film Editing award , the winner was jokingly announced ( by presenter Elliott Gould ) as `` Indiana , 86 -- 68 '' ; the Indiana Hoosiers had won the NCAA Final Four that night . ) Miloš Forman 's One Flew Over the Cuckoo 's Nest made a `` clean sweep '' of the major categories : Best Picture , Best Actor , Best Actress , Best Director and Best Screenplay ( Adapted ) . It was the second of three films to date to accomplish the sweep , following It Happened One Night in 1934 and preceding The Silence of the Lambs in 1991 . French actress Isabelle Adjani received her first nomination for Best Actress this year , making Adjani , 20 at the time , the youngest actress to be nominated in the leading actress category , breaking the record set by 22-year-old Elizabeth Hartman in 1967 . This record would later be surpassed by 13-year-old Keisha Castle-Hughes in 2004 , and again in 2013 by nine-year old Quvenzhane Wallis . Adjani also presented the Best Film Editing award that night along with Gould who delivered the Indiana joke during the presentation . At age 80 , George Burns became the oldest acting and Best Supporting Actor awardee , a record which stood until Jessica Tandy won Best Actress in 1989 . For males , Burns was succeeded by Christopher Plummer , who won Best Supporting Actor in 2012 for Beginners at the age of 82 . Jaws was followed 25 years later by Traffic for a film that won all its nominations except Best Picture . Jaws is one of the few films to be nominated for Best Picture but not for directing , acting , or writing .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fed5ac5c00d5d7423e832e03977d525c", "text": "Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Visual Effects The Critics ' Choice Movie Award for Best Visual Effects is one of the awards given to people working in the motion picture industry by the Broadcast Film Critics Association . It was first given out in 2009 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "266db1c05a1308f55888fac0b067f51a", "text": "2006 MTV Movie Awards The 2006 MTV Movie Awards were hosted by Jessica Alba and featured performances by Christina Aguilera , AFI and Gnarls Barkley . In addition to the below awards , MTV gave lifetime achievement awards to Jim Carrey ( The MTV Generation Award ) and Spike Lee ( The Silver Bucket of Excellence , for Do the Right Thing ) . MTV held its 15th annual movie awards show on Saturday , June 3 , at the Sony Pictures Studios in Culver City , California . MTV first broadcast the award show on 8 June at 9:00 pm ET . Tenth Planet Productions produced the awards , and Joel Gallen was the executive-producer and director for the 12th consecutive year . This is also the second MTV Movie Awards show to have a host win an award . The first show was in 2004 with Lindsay Lohan winning an award . The host for the MTV Movie Awards in 2006 was Jessica Alba . Christina Aguilera performed , for the very first time , her lead single of her latest release Back to Basics , `` Ai n't No Other Man '' . Pre-recorded parodies include The Da Vinci Code , Mission : Impossible III , and King Kong .", "title": "" } ]	fever
8eb8b170e6ad954bb9e0b4d2f357e453	Marlon Brando played Vito Corleone.	[ { "docid": "b32b95bf5cf758eabea1cc9835f6946c", "text": "Marlon Brando Marlon Brando , Jr. ( April 3 , 1924 -- July 1 , 2004 ) was an American actor , film director and political activist . He is credited with bringing realism to film acting . He helped to popularize the Stanislavski system of acting , studying with Stella Adler in the 1940s . Brando is widely known for his Academy Award-winning performances as Terry Malloy in On the Waterfront ( 1954 ) and Vito Corleone in The Godfather ( 1972 ) , as well as his performances in A Streetcar Named Desire ( 1951 ) , Viva Zapata ! ( 1952 ) , Julius Caesar ( 1953 ) , The Wild One ( 1953 ) , Guys and Dolls ( 1955 ) , Sayonara ( 1957 ) , Reflections in a Golden Eye ( 1967 ) , Last Tango in Paris ( 1972 ) , and Apocalypse Now ( 1979 ) . Brando was also an activist for many causes , notably the Civil Rights Movement and various Native American movements . He initially gained acclaim and an Academy Award nomination for reprising the role of Stanley Kowalski in the 1951 film adaptation of Tennessee Williams ' play A Streetcar Named Desire , a role that he had originated successfully on Broadway . He received further praise for his performance as Terry Malloy in On the Waterfront , and his portrayal of the rebel motorcycle gang leader Johnny Strabler in The Wild One proved to be a lasting image in popular culture . Brando received Academy Award nominations for playing Emiliano Zapata in Viva Zapata ! ; Mark Antony in Joseph L. Mankiewicz 's 1953 film adaptation of Shakespeare 's Julius Caesar ; and Air Force Major Lloyd Gruver in Sayonara ( 1957 ) , an adaption of James Michener 's 1954 novel . Brando was included in a list of Top Ten Money Making Stars three times in the 1950s , coming in at number 10 in 1954 , number 6 in 1955 , and number 4 in 1958 . The 1960s proved to be a fallow decade for Brando . He directed and starred in the cult western film One-Eyed Jacks , a critical and commercial flop , after which he delivered a series of box-office failures , beginning with the 1962 film adaptation of the novel Mutiny on the Bounty . After 10 years , during which he did not appear in a successful film , he won his second Academy Award for playing Vito Corleone in Francis Ford Coppola 's The Godfather , a role critics consider among his greatest . The Godfather was then one of the most commercially successful films of all time . With that and his Oscar-nominated performance in Last Tango in Paris , Brando re-established himself in the ranks of top box-office stars , placing sixth and tenth in the Money Making Stars poll in 1972 and 1973 , respectively . Brando took a four-year hiatus before appearing in The Missouri Breaks ( 1976 ) . After this , he was content with being a highly paid character actor in cameo roles , such as in Superman ( 1978 ) and The Formula ( 1980 ) , before taking a nine-year break from motion pictures . According to the Guinness Book of World Records , Brando was paid a record $ 3.7 million ( $ million in inflation-adjusted dollars ) and 11.75 % of the gross profits for 13 days ' work on Superman . He finished out the 1970s with his controversial performance as Colonel Kurtz in another Coppola film , Apocalypse Now , a box-office hit for which he was highly paid and which helped finance his career layoff during the 1980s . Brando was ranked by the American Film Institute as the fourth-greatest movie star among male movie stars whose screen debuts occurred in or before 1950 . He was one of only three professional actors , along with Charlie Chaplin and Marilyn Monroe , named in 1999 by Time magazine as one of its 100 Most Important People of the Century . He died of respiratory failure on July 1 , 2004 , at age 80 .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "ee02aaf7cf1eff088ea377a88da6786d", "text": "Romeo + Juliet William Shakespeare 's Romeo + Juliet ( shortened to Romeo + Juliet ) is a 1996 American romantic drama film directed , co-produced and co-written by Baz Luhrmann , co-produced by Gabriella Martinelli and co-written by Craig Pearce , being an adaption and modernization of William Shakespeare 's tragedy Romeo and Juliet . The film stars Leonardo DiCaprio and Claire Danes in the leading roles of Romeo and Juliet , who instantly fall in love when Romeo crashes a party and meets her despite them being members of the Montague and Capulet family ; Brian Dennehy , John Leguizamo , Pete Postlethwaite , Paul Sorvino and Diane Venora star in supporting roles . While it retains the original Shakespearean dialogue , the Montagues and the Capulets are represented as warring mafia empires ( with legitimate business fronts ) and swords are replaced with guns ( with brand names such as `` Dagger '' and `` Sword '' ) . Some of the characters ' names are also changed . Lord and Lady Montague and Lord and Lady Capulet are given first names ( as opposed to the Shakespeare original where their first names are never mentioned ) , Friar Lawrence becomes Father Lawrence , and Prince Escalus is renamed Captain Prince . There is also no Friar John , who was in the original play . Also , some characters were switched from one family to the other -- in the original , Gregory and Sampson are Capulets , but in the film , they are Montagues . ( Abram , as Abra , and Petruchio , conversely , are shifted from the Montague to the Capulet family . ) In addition , a few plot details are shifted , most notably near the ending . The film was released on November 1 , 1996 by 20th Century Fox to commercial and generally critical success , grossing over $ 147.5 million over a $ 14.5 million budget and receiving generally positive reviews . At the 47th Berlin International Film Festival in 1997 , DiCaprio won the Silver Bear for Best Actor and Luhrmann won the Alfred Bauer Prize . Luhrmann was also nominated for the Golden Bear Award for Best Picture . At the 69th Academy Awards , Catherine Martin and Brigitte Broch were nominated for Best Art Direction/Set Decoration .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "28e55faca29577ebcaf77d8a5c14f4a8", "text": "Al Martino Al Martino ( born Jasper Cini ; October 7 , 1927 -- October 13 , 2009 ) was an American singer and actor . He had his greatest success as a singer between the early 1950s and mid-1970s , being described as `` one of the great Italian American pop crooners '' , and also became well known as an actor , particularly for his role as singer Johnny Fontane in The Godfather .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3ef6cd82b3a4a74c92cb5b9ca71606c7", "text": "The Mattei Affair The Mattei Affair ( Il Caso Mattei ) is a 1972 film directed by Francesco Rosi . It depicts the life and mysterious death of Enrico Mattei , an Italian businessman who in the aftermath of World War II managed to avoid the sale of the nascent Italian oil and hydrocarbon industry to US companies and developed them in the Eni , a state-owned oil company which rivaled the ` seven sisters ' for oil and gas deals in northern African and Middle Eastern countries . The film shared the Grand Prix with The Working Class Goes to Heaven at the 1972 Cannes Film Festival . Italian star Gian Maria Volontè was the leading actor in both films . The film is an innovative hybrid of documentary and fiction , representing Francesco Rosi 's concept of cine-inchieste ( film investigation ) . The flashback structure shows the influence of Citizen Kane and Rosi 's Salvatore Giuliano ( 1962 ) . Rosi remains faithful to his neo-realist roots with on-location shooting and non-professional actors . The film is interspersed with footage of the director trying to find his friend , the investigative journalist Mauro De Mauro , who disappeared while doing research for the film . He was killed by the Sicilian Mafia , but like the death of Mattei , De Mauro 's case was never solved .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6e12c01ec5d937a6359337803ad52c49", "text": "Carmela Corleone Carmela Corleone ( 1897 -- 1959 ) , a fictional character in Mario Puzo 's The Godfather , is the wife of Don Vito Corleone . Carmela is portrayed by Italian-American Morgana King in Francis Ford Coppola 's film adaptation of the novel , as well as in The Godfather Part II . King is better known as a singer and is given a brief chance to display her vocal skills in the wedding reception scene of The Godfather when she sings the song `` Luna Mezz ' O Mare '' . Although King was born Maria Grazia Morgana Messina in Pleasantville , New York , her parents were `` from Fiumefreddo di Sicilia , Province of Catania , Sicily , Italy . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a12230bc07fa65b8a4ad81c99aec40d7", "text": "Rialto Pictures Rialto Pictures is a film distributor founded in 1997 by Bruce Goldstein . A year later , Adrienne Halpern joined him as partner . In 2002 , Eric Di Bernardo became the company 's National Sales Director . It was described as `` the gold standard of reissue distributors '' by Los Angeles Times/NPR film critic Kenneth Turan . In 1999 , Rialto received a special Heritage Award from the National Society of Film Critics , and in 2000 received a special award from the New York Film Critic 's Circle , presented to Goldstein and Halpern by Jeanne Moreau . The two co-presidents have each received the French Order of Chevalier of Arts and Letters . During the past decade , Rialto Pictures has become one of the great names in film distribution . In 2002 , the company released the critically acclaimed first-run film Murderous Maids , the chilling true story of two homicidal sisters , starring Sylvie Testud . Rialto celebrated a record-breaking 2004 with the previously unreleased , original 1954 Japanese version of Ishiro Honda 's Godzilla ; Peter Davis 's Oscar-winning and newly restored 1974 documentary Hearts and Minds ; and Gillo Pontecorvo 's groundbreaking The Battle of Algiers , one of 2004 's top-grossing foreign films . Rialto 's re-release of Alberto Lattuada 's Mafioso , a dark comedy from 1962 starring Alberto Sordi , was the unqualified highlight of the 2006 New York Film Festival . One of Rialto 's 2008 releases was Max Ophüls ' legendary film Lola Montès in a definitive new 35mm restoration , which was showcased to enormous acclaim at Cannes Film Festival and Telluride Film Festival and was the spotlight retrospective of the 2008 New York Film Festival . In 2009 , Rialto undertook the very first U.S. release of Jean-Luc Godard 's Made in U.S.A. , which could not be previously released due to rights issues , and also re-released Costa-Gavras ' Academy-Award winning thriller Z. Most recently , the San Francisco International Film Festival presented Goldstein with its prestigious Mel Novikoff Award . 2007 marked Rialto 's tenth anniversary , a milestone that was celebrated with a retrospective at the Museum of Modern Art in New York . Similar tributes were held at George Eastman House , in Rochester , New York ; the AFI Silver Theater in Washington , D.C. ; and the SIFF Theater in Seattle . In honor of the company 's anniversary , The Criterion Collection has issued a special gift box set containing ten films displaying the breadth of Rialto 's collection , including Army of Shadows , Au Hasard Balthazar , Band of Outsiders , Billy Liar , Discreet Charm of the Bourgeoisie , Mafioso , Murderous Maids , Rififi , The Third Man and Touchez pas au grisbi . The DVD box set was released under the name `` Ten Years of Rialto Pictures '' on October 28 , 2008 . Rialto Pictures also handles North American distribution for most of the back catalog of French film production and distribution company StudioCanal , including titles from the company 's Embassy Pictures and Carolco Pictures libraries .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ce61f9b523ce022a7c58b42ab629e1c3", "text": "Totò Prince Antonio Griffo Focas Flavio Angelo Ducas Comneno Porfirogenito Gagliardi De Curtis di Bisanzio ( 15 February 1898 -- 15 April 1967 ) , best known by his stage name Totò ( -LSB- toˈtɔ -RSB- ) born simply as Antonio De Curtis , and nicknamed il Principe della risata ( `` the Prince of laughter '' ) , was an Italian comedian , film and theatre actor , writer , singer and songwriter . While he first gained his popularity as a comic actor , his dramatic roles , poetry , and songs are all deemed to be outstanding ; his style and a number of his recurring jokes and gestures have become universally known memes in Italy . Writer and philosopher Umberto Eco has thus commented on the importance of Totò in Italian culture : Mario Monicelli , who directed some of the most appreciated of Totò 's movies , thus described his artistic value :", "title": "" }, { "docid": "58f4fe8a9870e9f9ad1991fe5cc98446", "text": "Vito Roberto Palazzolo Vito Roberto Palazzolo ( born July 31 , 1947 ) is an Italian businessman previously living in South Africa . Born in Terrasini , he moved to South Africa in the mid-1980s . He also goes by the name Robert von Palace Kolbatschenko . He is alleged to be a member of the Sicilian Mafia , an allegation he denies . In March 2009 , the highest court in Italy confirmed a 2006 nine-year sentence for association with the Mafia . He is alleged to be a Mafia treasurer linked to Bernardo Provenzano , the Mafia boss arrested in April 2006 in Corleone , Sicily , and his predecessor Salvatore Riina , both serving life sentences in Italian jails . Palazzolo maintains his innocence and claims that he has been persecuted by the Italian government , the press , lawyers , politicians , and `` opportunists '' for the last 19 years . On March 30 , 2012 Palazzolo was arrested by Interpol at Suvarnabhumi Airport in Bangkok , Thailand .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "78f63dae9c339cb20e6b8005250061c1", "text": "The Verona Trial Il processo di Verona ( internationally released as The Verona Trial ) is a 1963 Italian historical drama film directed by Carlo Lizzani . The film tells of the final phases of the Italian fascist regime , in particular the affair of the 1944 Verona trial , in which Galeazzo Ciano , Emilio De Bono and other eminent Fascist officials were sentenced to death and almost immediately executed by a shooting detachment . For her portrayal of Edda Mussolini-Ciano , Silvana Mangano won the two major Italian film awards , the David di Donatello for Best Actress and the Silver Ribbon in the same category .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7452563712203649a17d5365d8c51817", "text": "Ralph Capone Ralph `` Bottles '' Capone , Sr. , ( January 12 , 1894 -- November 22 , 1974 ) was a Chicago mobster and an older brother of Al Capone and Frank Capone . Ralph Capone got the nickname `` Bottles '' not from involvement in the Capone bootlegging empire , but from his running the legitimate non-alcoholic beverage and bottling operations in Chicago . Further family lore suggests that the nickname was specifically tied to his lobbying the Illinois Legislature to put into law that milk bottling companies had to stamp the date that the milk was bottled on the bottle . He was most famous for being named by the Chicago Crime Commission `` Public Enemy Number Three '' when his brother Al was `` Public Enemy Number One '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8bf44d7a2faacfe40846cc0c1337bb6f", "text": "Donnie Brasco (film) Donnie Brasco is a 1997 American crime drama film directed by Mike Newell , and starring Al Pacino and Johnny Depp . Michael Madsen , Bruno Kirby , James Russo , and Anne Heche appeared in supporting roles . The film is based on the true story of Joseph D. Pistone ( Depp ) , an FBI undercover agent who infiltrated the Mafia Bonanno crime family in New York City during the 1970s , under the alias Donnie Brasco , a.k.a. `` The Jewel Man '' . Brasco maneuvers his way into the confidence of an aging hit-man , Lefty Ruggiero ( Pacino ) , who vouches for him . As Donnie moves deeper into the Mafia , he realizes that not only is he crossing the line between federal agent and criminal , but also leading his friend Lefty to an almost certain death . It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay . The adaptation of the book by Joseph D. Pistone and Richard Woodley was by screenwriter Paul Attanasio . The film was a box office success , earning $ 124.9 million against a $ 35 million budget , and receiving critical acclaim .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "38e1d5d8b414a261674656d24c3dfae6", "text": "Angelo Fierro Angelo Fierro is an American film and television actor . Fierro , an Italian-American of Sicilian ancestry , was born in Boston 's Little Italy , the North End . He first appeared on network television in an automobile commercial for Toyota . Extolled for his menacing looks , his portrayal of the villain has since been quite frequent . Surprisingly adept at comedy , he also has appeared at Stand Up New York comedy club . He starred on the TV series Breaking Vegas as the real-life counterfeiter , Louis Colavecchio , and had a recurring role as the Russian mobster , Vladimir , on the TV series Ocean Ave. , starring Victoria Jackson and Megan Fox . He also appeared in the movies Señorita Justice as Carlos Rios , with Eva Longoria and Final Engagement as gangster John Knight , with Peter Greene . He has made guest appearances on TV shows such as the Michael Jackson Trial and Untold Stories of the ER , and is well known for his Tony Soprano parody in an Andalusia Olive Oil commercial , with the tag line : `` Are you wearing a wire ? '' Fierro studied acting at Florida Atlantic University , where he graduated with degrees in marketing and international business , having started theater too late to pursue a Bachelor of Fine Arts . He continues to follow an acting career in New York .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5a1d800f3a58ce0e26dc0d8caddded51", "text": "Goodfellas Goodfellas ( stylized as GoodFellas ) is a 1990 American crime film directed by Martin Scorsese . It is an adaptation of the 1986 non-fiction book Wiseguy by Nicholas Pileggi , who co-wrote the screenplay with Scorsese . The film narrates the rise and fall of mob associate Henry Hill and his friends over a period from 1955 to 1980 . Scorsese initially named the film Wise Guy and postponed making it ; later , he and Pileggi changed the name to Goodfellas . To prepare for their roles in the film , Robert De Niro , Joe Pesci , and Ray Liotta often spoke with Pileggi , who shared research material left over from writing the book . According to Pesci , improvisation and ad-libbing came out of rehearsals wherein Scorsese gave the actors freedom to do whatever they wanted . The director made transcripts of these sessions , took the lines he liked best , and put them into a revised script , which the cast worked from during principal photography . Made on a budget of $ 25 million , Goodfellas grossed $ 46.8 million . It received positive reviews from critics and was nominated for six Academy Awards , including Best Picture and Best Director , with Pesci winning Best Actor in a Supporting Role . The film won five awards from the British Academy of Film and Television Arts , including Best Film and Best Director . Additionally , Goodfellas was named the year 's best film by various critics ' groups . Goodfellas is widely regarded as one of the greatest films in the crime genre . In 2000 , it was deemed `` culturally , historically , and aesthetically significant '' and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry by the United States Library of Congress . Its content and style have been emulated in numerous other films and television shows .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4f1b2f267a241ad10986a3318852d50a", "text": "Vito Giacalone Vito William `` Billy Jack '' Giacalone ( April 16 , 1923 -- February 19 , 2012 ) was an American organized crime figure in Detroit , serving as a capo in the Detroit Partnership . He was the younger brother of Anthony `` Tony Jack '' Giacalone , also a capo in the Detroit Partnership . Vito Giacalone was described in a 1992 court document as `` the most important figure in the Detroit ` Family ' after its ` boss ' Jack Tocco '' . Furthermore , a 1992 IRS document cited Giacalone as `` one of the prime suspects in the 1975 disappearance of former Teamsters leader James R. Hoffa '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "98af2210de223a857c3512e25a9ba924", "text": "The Godfather (1991 video game) The Godfather is a side scrolling shoot 'em up game released by U.S. Gold in 1991 . The plot is based on the three Godfather films . The game has five levels of gameplay which reflect the locations seen in the movies , including the streets of New York City , Miami , and the village of Corleone in Sicily . It was released for several computer formats , including the Commodore Amiga , the Atari ST and DOS-based PCs , with the DOS version coming on six floppy disks . Critical reception to the Amiga version was mixed , ranging from 40 % to 95 % . Amiga Computing praised its graphics ( five out of five stars ) , but panned both its gameplay and addictiveness ( one star each ) and awarded it a below-average 40 % overall .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "72d8bee22cce12b623a40b0b9421e704", "text": "Cleveland crime family The Cleveland crime family , also known as the Licavoli crime family ( pronounced -LSB- liˈkaːvoli -RSB- ) , based in Cleveland 's little Italy or the Mayfield Road Mob , was an American Mafia ( or Cosa Nostra ) crime family active in the Cleveland , Ohio and the Greater Cleveland Area .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d2d4899d0ceeb919c28ee8ca6559216e", "text": "Johnny Stecchino Johnny Stecchino is an Italian comedy film starring Roberto Benigni as the protagonist and director . This film is one of Benigni 's many collaborations with co-star and wife , Nicoletta Braschi . During its release in 1991 , it was the highest-grossing film in Italy . This film follows the life of Dante , a quirky school bus driver ( Benigni ) for students with Down syndrome , who bears a striking resemblance to Johnny Stecchino , an Italian mafioso who is wanted by Sicilian mobsters for treason and murder . The film 's plot begins to unravel when Dante meets Maria , the wife of Stecchino , who begins her plan into tricking mobsters to kill Dante thinking he is Stecchino . The film takes several unexpected twists when Maria begins to fall for Dante , and it becomes clear that Dante can not possibly be the cold blooded killer , Johnny Stecchino . The U.S. version released in theaters and on VHS is about 20 minutes shorter that the full Italian version . It trims several conversations including the final scene with Lillo sniffing cocaine .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "462b305b013e57f56ceca9a548fdd8b5", "text": "Dominic Cortina Dominic Cortina ( January 28 , 1925 -- November 19 , 1999 ) was a Chicago mobster and high-ranking member of the Chicago Outfit criminal organization , who oversaw gambling . His nicknames were `` Big Dom '' , `` Large '' , and `` the Hat . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e8e790c3e3e9c6a35cb12e61b684bd69", "text": "Rocky Rocky is a 1976 American sports drama film directed by John G. Avildsen and both written by and starring Sylvester Stallone . It tells the rags to riches American Dream story of Rocky Balboa , an uneducated but kind-hearted working class Italian-American boxer working in a meat warehouse and as a debt collector for a loan shark in the slums of Philadelphia . Rocky starts out as a small-time club fighter , and later gets a shot at the world heavyweight championship . The film also stars Talia Shire as Adrian , Burt Young as Adrian 's brother Paulie , Burgess Meredith as Rocky 's trainer Mickey Goldmill , and Carl Weathers as the champion , Apollo Creed . The film , made on a budget of just over $ 1 million and shot in 28 days , was a sleeper hit ; it earned $ 225 million in global box office receipts , becoming the highest-grossing film of 1976 , and went on to win three Oscars , including Best Picture . The film received many positive reviews and turned Stallone into a major star . In 2006 , the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being `` culturally , historically or aesthetically significant '' . Rocky is considered to be one of the greatest sports films ever made and was ranked as the second-best in the genre , after Raging Bull , by the American Film Institute in 2008 . The film has spawned six sequels : Rocky II ( 1979 ) , Rocky III ( 1982 ) , Rocky IV ( 1985 ) , Rocky V ( 1990 ) , Rocky Balboa ( 2006 ) and Creed ( 2015 ) . Stallone portrays Rocky in all six sequels , wrote the first five , and directed four ( Avildsen returned to direct Rocky V and Ryan Coogler directed Creed ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f0b66b1d37ea1e5fc3c5b66303948cf2", "text": "Steven Mazzone Steven Mazzone ( born 1964 ) is an American mobster believed to be a high ranking member of the Philadelphia crime family . Mazzone 's rise in power through the Philadelphia underworld began as a protege of former boss turned informant , Ralph Natale . After the family was decimated by prosecutions during the Nicodemo Scarfo and John Stanfa eras , Natale was released from prison in 1994 and shortly thereafter became the new boss of the crime family . Natale partnered with the `` Young Turks '' faction that was one of the few remnants left of the Philadelphia crime family , and their leader , Joseph `` Skinny Joey '' Merlino . After Natale assumed the top position as boss , he positioned Merlino as underboss and Ronald Turchi as the consigliere in the new hierarchy . This administration is still in question to this day , as many now believe that Merlino was running the family behind the scenes , letting Natale have the boss position to deter law enforcement from himself . Mazzone is a childhood friend of Merlino . They both grew up in South Philadelphia and started there criminal careers together . Natale inducted Mazzone into the crime family in 1995 and made him a caporegime in 1996 . Following Natale 's 1998 arrest for drug trafficking , Merlino officially took over the family and become the new boss . He named Mazzone as his underboss and another childhood friend , George Borgesi , as consigliere . However their reign would be short . Mazzone would be indicted and held without bail in June 1999 along with Merlino , George Borgesi and others for racketeering and murder . A year earlier , Natale feeling slighted , and now realizing he may have been a puppet for Merlino all along , decided to end his life as a criminal . Facing the rest of his life in prison for drug trafficking , he decided to cooperate with the government in 1999 and agreed to testify against his former friends . Natale testified that Mazzone was the shooter in the death of mobster `` Little Felix '' Bocchino on January 29 , 1992 . Natale also testified that Mazzone was one of the shooters in the failed murder attempt on Joseph Ciangalini , Jr. on March 2 , 1993 . Mazzone and his co-defendants were acquitted of all murder charges at trial in 2001 , largely due to credibility issues with the government witnesses . The defendants were found guilty of racketeering and illegal bookmaking . Mazzone was acquitted of murder , murder conspiracy and attempted murder but convicted of racketeering , extortion and illegal bookmaking and was sentenced to nine years in prison . The upper echelon of the family was once again decimated . Following the indictment and imprisonment of the family 's hierarchy , Merlino would remain in control from prison , while installing Joseph `` Uncle Joe '' Ligambi as the acting boss of the family . After serving nearly the whole length of his nine-year prison term , Mazzone was transferred to a halfway house then released from federal custody on February 2 , 2008 . Following his release , Mazzone was to have no contact with other convicted criminals or known mobsters , and he was placed on federally supervised release for three years . Coincidentally , in the months following the expiration date of his parole restrictions , Joseph Ligambi , the acting boss of the family , was arrested himself in May 2011 following a sweeping racketeering indictment that threatened to eradicate the hierarchy of the family once again . Just prior to the indictment , Joseph Merlino was released from federal prison and into a halfway house in Florida . Merlino would also have to serve three years of supervised release until September 2014 . With Ligambi and others were denied bail and forced into waiting out their trial in the federal detention center in Philadelphia , Mazzone was elevated to acting boss . Shortly after , Philadelphia TV station Fox 29 's news team caught Mazzone on video ( without audio ) angrily yelling at two alleged crime family associates . After two federal trials in which the government failed to convict him , Ligambi was released in January 2014 and reputedly went into semiretired . Although Ligambi 's imminent retirement is questionable , Mazzone continues to hold a leadership position in the Philadelphia crime family . Local law enforcement , prosecutors , and the FBI all believe that Merlino remains the boss of the family while partially residing in Florida .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b55ff2540a0e6ff782487c583c41c193", "text": "Other Men Other Men ( Altri uomini ) is a 1997 Italian crime drama film written and directed by Claudio Bonivento . It is based on real-life characters documented in the Antonio Carlucci and Paolo Rossetti 's book Io il Tebano ( `` I , the Theban '' ) . For his performance Claudio Amendola received a Nastro d'Argento nomination for best actor .", "title": "" } ]	fever
20e176742595100dcb2976fe08072825	Taylor Kitsch was born in 1984.	[ { "docid": "dbd3ba665c1723a398374dab734347dd", "text": "Taylor Kitsch Taylor Kitsch ( born April 8 , 1981 ) is a Canadian actor and model . He is best known for his work in films such as X-Men Origins : Wolverine ( 2009 ) , Battleship ( 2012 ) , John Carter ( 2012 ) , Savages ( 2012 ) , and Lone Survivor ( 2013 ) . Kitsch is also known for his work in television , he portrayed Tim Riggins in the NBC series Friday Night Lights ( 2006 -- 2011 ) , starred in the second season of the HBO series True Detective as Paul Woodrugh , and appeared in the television film The Normal Heart ( 2014 ) as Bruce Niles .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "c89c44a31de64c621e0a76da6f12841e", "text": "Titanium discography The discography of New Zealand boy band Titanium , formed in Auckland in 2012 , consists of a studio album , six official singles and five music videos . They signed with record label , Illegal Musik after being formed by a local radio competition from The Edge . They subsequently signed with Warner Music . As of November 2012 , Titanium have sold over twenty thousand singles . The group 's debut studio album All for You was released worldwide in December 2012 . The leading single `` Come On Home '' was a national hit , reaching number one on the New Zealand Singles Chart and it has since been certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of New Zealand ( RIANZ ) . Subsequent singles `` I Wo n't Give Up '' and `` Sky '' both became top twenty hits in New Zealand . Titanium made history when they became the first New Zealand band to have three songs in the Top 40 Singles Chart at one time . In 2013 , `` Soundtrack to Summer '' and `` Tattoo '' the succeeding singles , were moderate successes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "84583b1e9de53cee1a15e80c2ad04123", "text": "Dallas Buyers Club Dallas Buyers Club is a 2013 American biographical drama film , co-written by Craig Borten and Melisa Wallack , and directed by Jean-Marc Vallée . The film tells the story of Ron Woodroof , an AIDS patient diagnosed in the mid 1980s when HIV/AIDS treatments were under-researched , while the disease was not understood and highly stigmatized . As part of the experimental AIDS treatment movement , he smuggled unapproved pharmaceutical drugs into Texas for treating his symptoms , and distributed them to fellow people with AIDS by establishing the `` Dallas Buyers Club '' while facing opposition from the Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) . Two fictional supporting characters , Dr. Eve Saks ( Jennifer Garner ) , and Rayon ( Jared Leto ) , were composite roles created from the writer 's interviews with transgender AIDS patients , activists , and doctors . Screenwriter Borten interviewed Woodroof in 1992 and wrote the script , which he polished with writer Wallack in 2000 , and then sold to producer Robbie Brenner . Several other actors , directors , and producers who were attached at various times to the development of the film left the project . Universal Pictures also tried to make the film , but did not . A couple of screenwriters wrote drafts that were rejected . In 2009 , producer Brenner involved Matthew McConaughey , because of his Texas origins , the same as Woodroof 's . Brenner selected the first draft , written by Borten and Wallack , for the film , and then Vallée was set to direct the film . Principal photography began on November 11 , 2012 , in New Orleans , Louisiana , continuing for 25 days of filming , which also included shooting in Baton Rouge . Brenner and Rachel Winter co-produced the film . The official soundtrack album was featured by various artists , and was released digitally on October 29 , 2013 , by the Relativity Music Group . Dallas Buyers Club premiered at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival and was released theatrically in the United States on November 1 , 2013 , by Focus Features , strategically entering wide release on November 22 for award season . The film grossed over $ 27 million domestically and $ 27.9 million internationally , the box office revenue returned over $ 55 million against a budget of $ 5 million in 182-days of a theatrical run . It grossed over $ 4.5 million from DVD , and over $ 3 million from Blu-ray sales . The film received universal critical acclaim , resulting in numerous accolades . Most praised the performances of McConaughey and Leto , who received the Academy Award for Best Actor and for Best Supporting Actor , respectively , at the 86th Academy Awards , making this the first film since Mystic River ( 2003 ) , and only the fifth movie ever , to win both awards . The film also won the award for Best Makeup and Hairstyling , and garnered nominations for Best Picture , Best Original Screenplay , and Best Editing .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1001750783dc7c28854877693d0bfe8f", "text": "Viva la vie Viva la vie is a 1984 French film directed by Claude Lelouch .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e52a3df12404050820ac244e41347a68", "text": "Zack Hemsey Zack Hemsey ( born 1983 ) is an American recording artist , rapper and composer , whose work has been largely popularized through its use in films and film trailers . A notable example was `` Trailer 3 '' of the 2010 movie Inception which included his composed piece `` Mind Heist '' ; it is a common misconception that the piece for this trailer was composed by Hans Zimmer because Zimmer composed the official score for the movie itself . `` Mind Heist '' was also used for the introduction video for the video game Madden NFL 12 and is sometimes used by the show `` America 's Got Talent '' . Hemsey 's music has also been used in trailers for 2 Guns , The Town , and Lincoln . `` Vengeance '' was featured in the movie The Equalizer , in a trailer for the second season of the HBO program Game of Thrones , and the trailer for the 21st Century Fox miniseries `` 24 : Live Another Day '' , the latter airing during the 2014 Super Bowl . Hemsey began his career as the composer for an obscure hip-hop group called Nine Leaves , where he was also one of five lyricists / MCs . He began a solo career in 2010 with the release of `` Empty Room '' and has continued to independently release his own Epic Music studio albums and singles , all of which tend to combine elements of orchestral score , hip-hop , world instrumentation , and/or alternative/rock . Hemsey has written articles on a variety of subject matter , which he has published on his personal blog , Thoughts & Ramblings . Topics have included MMA , the birth of his child and a research paper on a rare GBS infection that can occur in newborn babies .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "38cd739921ff74d0d70d2a0ad8a718c3", "text": "Lindsay McCaul Lindsay McCaul Mattingly ( born March 7 , 1984 née , Pritchett in Abilene , Texas ) is an American contemporary Christian singer-songwriter raised in Merritt Island , Florida . McCaul released the album entitled If It Leads Me Back in 2012 and One More Step in 2014 , which was her first full-length studio album .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0787e1bf6a1d61b39194ce44406febad", "text": "GOGO13 GOGO13 is an American ska band formed in 1993 by singer and artist Parker Jacobs and currently based out of Huntington Beach , California . Originally formed in St. George , Utah , the first incarnation of GOGO13 lasted for just under a year , yet ultimately helped pioneer a thriving ska scene in Utah during the mid-1990s . In 2001 , following their rediscovery through their association with the popular Orange County band The Aquabats , GOGO13 permanently reunited and continue to play shows throughout the southwestern region . The band released their first studio album I Like It ! in April 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0ff02d7d34e59389a18124aaf083cb1f", "text": "Brianna Walle Brianna Walle ( born 25 April 1984 ) is an American racing cyclist .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "45c727d0aeea08808708b1a3e411d389", "text": "Kreesha Turner Kreesha Turner ( born June 10 , 1985 ) is a Canadian/Jamaican recording artist and songwriter , born in Edmonton , Alberta , Canada . Raised in both Canada and Jamaica , she began her musical career after a successful audition with Virgin Records . She signed a record deal with the Capitol Music Group , under which the Virgin imprint operates . Concurrently , EMI Music Canada signed her in order to more effectively tap into the Canadian market . She has released two albums in Canada . Her first album Passion ( 2008 ) spawned singles `` Bounce With Me , '' `` Lady Killer '' and `` Do n't Call Me Baby '' . The latter became the # 1 most played song ( by a Canadian ) on Canadian radio in 2008 and became her very first number one single on Billboards U.S. Hot Dance Club Play . During this year , she was nominated for two Juno Awards for `` Best New Artist '' and `` Best Pop Album of The Year . '' Her second double disc studio album , Tropic Electric ( 2011 ) saw Turner alter her public image and return to her original sound . She released three moderately successful singles `` Rock Paper Scissors , '' `` I Could Stay , '' and `` Love Again . '' which gained her another Juno Award Nomination for `` Best R&B Album . '' Turner is currently finished recording her third album entitled Evolution Inevitable with a new direction of her sound infused with Dancehall , Hip Hop and R&B . Throughout Turner 's career , she has been well known for her style and image . She 's been ranked on Complex magazine list of `` 25 Sexiest International Singers You 've Never Heard Of '' and Much Music 's `` Sexiest Girls list '' in 2008 . She has been featured on multiple major Canadian magazine covers and starred in a national Kit Kat campaign . Her music has been featured on major network television shows such as , `` Entourage '' , `` Desperate Housewives '' , `` Ugly Betty '' , `` Gossip Girl '' , `` The Hills '' , `` Keeping Up With the Kardashians '' , `` Smash '' , `` Lipstick Jungle '' and `` Brothers & Sisters '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "77f16f5e73b1df5d8d4db2fe3df8bb8e", "text": "1984–85 Leicester City F.C. season During the 1984 -- 85 English football season , Leicester City F.C. competed in the Football League First Division . Category : Leicester City F.C. seasons Leicester City", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c22506e8de8a7575f44c762197e0c2ef", "text": "Neal Kitson Neal Kitson ( born January 6 , 1986 in Queens , New York ) is an American soccer player .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "28d307e880a4d637a59851903698906d", "text": "Theo Hutchcraft Theo David Hutchcraft ( born 30 August 1986 ) is an English singer and songwriter best known as the lead singer of the synthpop duo Hurts .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b87edfc7751eb93ed8470712a6ba1f4e", "text": "Attacco Decente Attacco Decente were a musical group from Brighton , England , active from 1984 to 1996 . The band was notable for using unusual acoustic instruments such as hammered dulcimers , Appalachian dulcimers , and tongue drums alongside more conventional instruments such as acoustic guitar and acoustic bass guitar . Their founder member and sole constant was Geoff Smith . Their lyrics , written by Smith , reflected a strong socialist political stance , especially on the early singles and the first album . Although the band were active at the height of Thatcherism , they did not participate in the more moderate Red Wedge collective . The band 's first single , `` Trojan Horse '' , featured Smith and Graham Barlow . Acoustic guitarist and backing vocalist Mark Allen joined and they released a 12 '' EP , `` U.K.A. ( United Kingdom of America ) '' , the sleeve of which featured an endorsement from Billy Bragg . The band released their debut album , The Baby Within Us Marches On , in 1988 . Barlow left after the release of the `` I Do n't Care How Long It Takes '' single . Smith and Allen recorded the band 's second and last album , Crystal Night , as a duo . The band 's sound changed somewhat in this incarnation , with the heavily percussive sound of the trio line-up replaced by a mellower , folky feel . There was less emphasis on the tongue drums and more on the hammered dulcimer and Allen 's guitar , which took on a markedly flamenco aspect . Smith 's lyrics became less overtly political , and more concerned with love and personal relationships . The band split after the Crystal Night album . Smith continued as a solo performer and composer , creating music for film and dance . Allen is now a teacher , but has also continued to work as a singer and guitarist in a number of groups .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "37a31ebbc0ff27079c3e607d5a4b41a0", "text": "Chris Taylor (American football) Christopher Taylor ( born November 7 , 1983 ) is a former American football running back . He was signed by the Houston Texans as an undrafted free agent in 2006 . He played college football at Indiana . He has also been a member of the New England Patriots .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "15ab7ef720aeba4da10a551f26be0e66", "text": "Sam Luke Samuel Luke ( born 26 December 1984 ) is an American musician . He was a bassist , vocalist , occasional guitarist , and drummer of the musical group Steam Powered Giraffe . He officially joined the group in 2012 . In December of 2016 , Samuel departed from the band to pursue his own artistic endeavors .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5aadd183c1015b02bbffa242a48c087", "text": "Born to Die Born to Die is the second studio album by American singer and songwriter Lana Del Rey . Her major label debut , it was released on January 27 , 2012 by Interscope Records , Polydor Records and Stranger Records . Del Rey collaborated with producers including Patrik Berger , Jeff Bhasker , Chris Braide , Emile Haynie , Justin Parker , Rick Nowels , Robopop and Al Shux to achieve her desired sound . Their efforts resulted in a primarily baroque pop record , which sees additional influences from alternative hip hop , indie pop and trip hop music . Contemporary music critics gave Born to Die mixed reviews ; some commended its distinctive production , while its repetitiveness and melodramatic tendencies were a recurring complaint . The album debuted at number two on the US Billboard 200 with first-week sales of 77,000 copies ; it was later certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) after moving one million units . Born to Die reached the peak positions on eleven international record charts . After attaining online success after its initial premiere on June 29 , 2011 , `` Video Games '' was released as the lead single from Born to Die on October 17 , 2011 ; it peaked at number ninety-one on the US Billboard Hot 100 . Its follow-up singles `` Born to Die '' , `` Off to the Races '' , `` Blue Jeans '' , `` Summertime Sadness '' , `` National Anthem '' , and `` Dark Paradise '' performed sporadically across Billboard component charts and international record charts . The Cedric Gervais remix of `` Summertime Sadness '' was released on July 11 , 2013 and became Del Rey 's highest-charting single in the United States , reaching number six on the Billboard Hot 100 . Del Rey additionally promoted Born to Die with several televised performances , including a widely criticized appearance on Saturday Night Live . It was reissued on November 9 , 2012 as an expanded version subtitled The Paradise Edition , which was packaged with her third extended play Paradise ( 2012 ) . Born to Die has sold 7,000,000 copies worldwide as of June 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9d02ca44b07437031a8b046ca177e025", "text": "Melanie Taylor Kent Melanie Taylor Kent is an American artist . Born in Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania , she was raised and has spent most of her life in Southern California . She won her first National Art Competition at age 12 . She graduated from the UCLA School of Art and taught art in the Los Angeles City Schools . In 1980 she started her own publishing company and has published a series of art chronicling America by depicting famous streets and famous events . Her artwork has been licensed to Warner Bros. , The Walt Disney Corporation and Hanna-Barbera . Kent 's serigraphs are noted for the personalities that challenge collectors to identify them . She was the first artist to be licensed by the Walt Disney Company to portray Disney theme parks in limited edition prints and has been selected as the official artist of the LA Dodgers and the 30th anniversary of Dodger Stadium . She was selected as the official artist of the 50th anniversary of `` The Wizard of Oz '' , the 15th anniversary of `` Star Wars '' and the 10th anniversary of `` E.T. '' . Her depiction of the 1984 Olympics , `` Let the Games Begin '' , was licensed by the US Olympic Committee . Most of Kent 's limited edition works are done as serigraphs , using as many as 200 separate color plates and heavy , acid free archival papers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8daf2736bb32c29d6af43fa4d3c718c7", "text": "Lloyd Cole Lloyd Cole ( born 31 January 1961 ) is an English singer and songwriter , known for his role as lead singer of Lloyd Cole and the Commotions from 1984 to 1989 , and for his subsequent solo work .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "779be4e4c049b8b2b6bfbb8855af42ed", "text": "Blood Sports (album) Blood Sports is a 1984 album released by the British heavy metal band Avenger . It was reissued in 2002 by Frontline Records .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2a7ce7d595a2bc5b0dd2b8bdb219c61d", "text": "Chris Taylor (footballer, born 1986) Christopher David Taylor ( born 20 December 1986 ) is an English professional footballer who plays for Bolton Wanderers . He primarily plays as a midfielder . Born in Oldham , he played for his hometown club Oldham Athletic on a professional level from 2005 until his departure in 2012 , after rejecting a new contract with the club .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0e38015099cd6932690fb25c19033d33", "text": "Sony/ATV Music Publishing Sony/ATV Music Publishing LLC is an American music publishing company owned by Sony through Sony Entertainment . The company was founded as a division of Associated Television ( ATV ) in 1955 by Lew Grade . In 1985 , Michael Jackson acquired ATV Music Publishing for $ 47.5 million . Paul McCartney , who had told Jackson about the importance of owning publishing , admitted he felt somewhat undercut by the purchase , because ATV Music Publishing owned the publishing rights to most of The Beatles ' songs , although he did not enter the bidding when it came up for sale in 1984 . In December 1995 , Michael Jackson agreed to merge ATV Music Publishing with Sony Music Publishing , a division of Sony Corporation , to form Sony/ATV Music Publishing . In 2012 an investor consortium led by Sony/ATV Music Publishing acquired EMI Music Publishing for approximately $ 2.2 billion . Sony/ATV Music Publishing and EMI Music Publishing now operate as one company , with the former entity administering the catalogue of the latter under a complex business structure . Following the acquisition , the company became the largest music publisher in the world , with a library of over two million songs under its administration . On March 14 , 2016 , Sony announced that it had reached a deal to acquire the Jackson estate 's stake in the company . The deal was completed on September 30 , 2016 .", "title": "" } ]	fever
db3efdc90548cebddfe1a4c089fbcd69	Teen Wolf is a political movement.	[ { "docid": "0c5892fec0693a1570892b034f4e6f02", "text": "Teen Wolf (2011 TV series) Teen Wolf is an American television series developed by Jeff Davis for MTV . It is loosely based on the 1985 film of the same name , and stars Tyler Posey as a teenager named Scott McCall , who is bitten by a werewolf and must cope with how it affects his life and the lives of those closest to him , and Dylan O'Brien as `` Stiles '' Stilinski , Scott 's best friend . The series has received generally positive reviews from critics and is a fan favorite on social media . Teen Wolf premiered on June 5 , 2011 , following the 2011 MTV Movie Awards . On July 9 , 2015 , Teen Wolf was renewed for a sixth season of 20 episodes , which premiered on November 15 , 2016 . On July 21 , 2016 , the cast announced at Comic Con that the sixth season would be the series ' final .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "744c5b33194b1099d39829eabafee4fe", "text": "Political violence Political violence is a broad term used to describe violence perpetrated by either persons or governments to achieve political goals . Many groups and individuals believe that their political systems will never respond to their demands . As a result , they believe that violence is not only justified but also necessary in order to achieve their political objectives . Similarly , many governments around the world believe they need to use violence in order to intimidate their populace into acquiescence . At other times , governments use force in order to defend their country from outside invasion or other threats of force and to coerce other governments or conquer territory . Political violence can take a number of forms including but not limited to those listed below . Non-action on the part of the government can also be characterized as a form of political violence .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0cd71b3ac62810bd196d9b5cf71be252", "text": "Wolf PAC Wolf PAC is an American non-partisan political action committee formed in 2011 with the goal of `` ending corporate personhood and publicly financing all elections in our country '' , to include the restriction of large monetary donations to political candidates , parties , and groups . It began with an announcement at an Occupy Wall Street rally in New York City by The Young Turks host Cenk Uygur . On a state level Wolf PAC has received some bi-partisan support for its objectives . Its strategy is to add a 28th amendment to the Constitution , thereby overturning multiple Supreme Court cases including Citizens United v. FEC and Buckley v. Valeo , which cumulatively have made it impossible to achieve Wolf PAC 's campaign finance goals through simple legislation . Wolf PAC believes that Congress is too corrupt to pass such an amendment itself , and therefore advocates a convention of the States , which is a procedure outlined in Article V of the Constitution . , five states had passed resolutions calling for such a convention , though not all states have used identical language in their convention call .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "102ecdb916d863d7684cd586a7290725", "text": "Wolf Dog Wolf Dog is a 1958 Northwestern movie , directed and produced by Sam Newfield and released by Regal Films . In August 1957 , Newfield and a camera crew filmed the movie in and around Markdale , Ontario , near Owen Sound , Ontario , Canada . The movie co-starred Hollywood actors Jim Davis , Allison Hayes and John Hart along with Canadian actors Austin Willis and Tony Brown . Several locals were offered a chance to be unpaid `` extras '' . Among those were Paul Hutton , Jerry Bartley , Constable Clarence Bowins , David Jackson , Officer Jack Johnston , Ron Wyvill , Don Wyvill . While not an artistic or commercial success , the film is noteworthy in that it was created almost 40 years before Telefilm Canada and federal government subsidies enabled big-name movies to be filmed in Canadian locales . Markdale residents were delighted to have Hollywood make a film in their town . It was hoped a film set in `` The Great North Country '' would be a crossover hit in the U.S. and the Commonwealth , both lucrative movie markets . For reasons unknown , the film disappeared from the public eye for almost 50 years . One interesting , though unsubstantiated , rumor suggested one of the main actors wanted all traces of the film destroyed . The only known copies of the movie are an incomplete version stored at the National Archives of Canada and a complete version at the U.S. Library of Congress . Copies of the movie can be found at the Markdale Public Library , Ontario , Canada , donated by the creator of the fan site , Jeff Wilson . He , along with actors from the film , Ron Wyvill and Paul Hutton , appeared in a short documentary made by Rogers Television , Owen Sound . Wilson and Wyvill also organized several screenings in the town of Markdale , Ontario , where the film was originally shot . There is also a link to a radio interview with Ron Wyvill on YouTube which can be found under the channel Toonguy85 , belonging to Wilson . All distribution copyrights belong to 20th Century Fox .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "21320181f2aec9ba98b391923d4d8bfb", "text": "LGBT social movements Lesbian , gay , bisexual , transgender , and questioning ( LGBTQ ) social movements are social movements that advocate for the equalized acceptance of LGBT people in society . In these movements , LGBTQ people and their allies have a long history of campaigning for what is now generally called LGBTQ rights , sometimes also called gay rights or gay and lesbian rights . Although there is not a primary or an overarching central organization that represents all LGBT people and their interests , numerous LGBT rights organizations are active worldwide . The earliest organizations to support LGBT rights were formed in the 19th century . A commonly stated goal among these movements is social equality for LGBT people , but there is still denial of full LGBTQ rights . Some have also focused on building LGBT communities or worked towards liberation for the broader society from biphobia , homophobia , and transphobia . There is a struggle for LGBTQ rights today . LGBT movements organized today are made up of a wide range of political activism and cultural activity , including lobbying , street marches , social groups , media , art , and research . Overview Sociologist Mary Bernstein writes : `` For the lesbian and gay movement , then , cultural goals include ( but are not limited to ) challenging dominant constructions of masculinity and femininity , homophobia , and the primacy of the gendered heterosexual nuclear family ( heteronormativity ) . Political goals include changing laws and policies in order to gain new rights , benefits , and protections from harm . '' Bernstein emphasizes that activists seek both types of goals in both the civil and political spheres . As with other social movements there is also conflict within and between LGBT movements , especially about strategies for change and debates over exactly who comprises the constituency that these movements represent , this also applies to changing education . There is debate over to what extent lesbians , gays , bisexuals , transgender people , intersexed people and others share common interests and a need to work together . Leaders of the lesbian and gay movement of the 1970s , 80s and 90s often attempted to hide masculine lesbians , feminine gay men , transgender people , and bisexuals from the public eye , creating internal divisions within LGBT communities . Roffee and Waling ( 2016 ) discovered that LGBTIQ people experience microaggressions , bullying and anti-social behaviours from other people within the LGBTIQ community . This is due to misconceptions and conflicting views as to what entails `` LGBTIQ '' . For example , transgender people found that other members of the community were not understanding to their own , individual , specific needs and would instead make ignorant assumptions , and this can cause health risks . Additionally , bisexual people found that lesbian or gay people were not understanding or appreciative of the bisexual sexuality . Evidently , even though most of these people would say that they stand for the same values as the majority of the community , there are still remaining inconsistencies even within the LGBTIQ community . LGBT movements have often adopted a kind of identity politics that sees gay , bisexual and transgender people as a fixed class of people ; a minority group or groups , and this is very common among LGBTQ communities . Those using this approach aspire to liberal political goals of freedom and equal opportunity , and aim to join the political mainstream on the same level as other groups in society . In arguing that sexual orientation and gender identity are innate and can not be consciously changed , attempts to change gay , lesbian and bisexual people into heterosexuals ( `` conversion therapy '' ) are generally opposed by the LGBT community . Such attempts are often based in religious beliefs that perceive gay , lesbian and bisexual activity as immoral . However , others within LGBT movements have criticised identity politics as limited and flawed , elements of the queer movement have argued that the categories of gay and lesbian are restrictive , and attempted to deconstruct those categories , which are seen to `` reinforce rather than challenge a cultural system that will always mark the nonheterosexual as inferior . '' After the French Revolution the anticlerical feeling in Catholic countries coupled with the liberalizing effect of the Napoleonic Code made it possible to sweep away sodomy laws . However , in Protestant countries , where the church was less severe , there was no general reaction against statutes that were religious in origin . As a result , many of those countries retained their statutes on sodomy until late in the 20th century .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "716b15e17a944f05160caec26123f784", "text": "Do The Write Thing The Do the Write Thing Challenge ( or DtWT ) is a writing program for junior high students organized by the U.S. National Campaign to Stop Violence . Intended to reduce youth violence , the Do the Write Thing Essay Challenge Program began in 1994 as a local program in Washington , D.C. and expanded in 1996 to other cities . According to Dr. Hassan Al-Ebraheem , founder and chairman of the Kuwait-America Foundation , the program has reached over 1.6 million children ( as of July 2013 ) across the country since its foundation . Aimed at middle school students , one of the program 's primary objectives is to motivate students to make a personal commitment , in writing , to help prevent and reduce youth violence in their home , school , and communities . The students are then asked to address these three questions in an essay for submission : How has youth violence and drugs affected my life ? What are the causes of youth violence ? What can I do about youth violence ? After this , a panel , of usually volunteers or school staff , reads the essays and chooses `` school finalists '' . These `` school finalists '' continue on to a broader selection that is citywide . Each year , two finalists from each city -- one boy and one girl -- along with their teacher and parent , are honored at a national recognition ceremony in Washington , DC . While in Washington , DC , the DTWT National Ambassadors visit the United States Library of Congress , The United States Supreme Court , the United States Capitol and the Kuwait Embassy . Their essays are published in one volume , which is then presented to the Library of Congress . The Challenge is the idea of Daniel Q. Callister , a Washington lawyer who says its purpose is four-fold : to provide children who have experienced or seen violence with a cathartic experience ; to give them motivation to change their behavior ; to be an education experience for teachers and the community ; and to get adults to help solve the problem . Sponsors of `` Do the Write Thing '' include : Kuwait America Foundation Kuwait Foundation for the Advancement of Science Annenberg Foundation Criminal Justice Division of the Governor 's Office in Texas Marriott International Pennsylvania Department of Community and Economic Development Southwest Airlines Athletes for Hope America 's Promise Alliance Communities in Schools Greater Washington Urban League , Inc. . Harlem Globetrotters National Counsel of Juvenile and Family Court Judges United States National Guard", "title": "" }, { "docid": "428b10dd0438c60c4a4b728cb82d3674", "text": "Teen drama A teen drama is a genre or type of drama series with a major focus on teenage and young adult characters . It came into prominence in the early 1990s , especially with the popularity of the Fox series Beverly Hills , 90210 . After 90210 became a success , television writers and producers realized the potential for this new genre to reach out to a previously ignored demographic . In the past , most series that maintained a focus on teenagers had been sitcoms , while adolescents in drama series were usually part of a larger ensemble that included adults and children . More often than not , teen dramas have soap opera elements , incorporating one or more ongoing story arcs spanning several episodes . The young characters must deal with the dramatic ups and downs of their friendships and romances while facing an array of issues thought to be typical of adolescence . There have also been many successful teen-based series with major science fiction , fantasy and action/adventure themes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "07331940ff1d6b8a7a9919112fa748d2", "text": "American Teen (film) American Teen is a 2008 documentary film directed by Nanette Burstein ( On the Ropes , The Kid Stays in the Picture ) and produced by 57th & Irving . It competed in the Documentary Competition at the 2008 Sundance Film Festival , where it received the Directing Award : Documentary . Following the Sundance Film Festival , the movie was picked up by Paramount Vantage and was released to general cinema July 25 , 2008 . Much of the movie was filmed at Warsaw Community High School in Warsaw , Indiana . Director Nanette Burstein originally reviewed more than 100 different schools in the pre-production process , and ten schools replied , agreeing to participate . After she interviewed incoming seniors at all 10 , she chose Warsaw .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b6a9ecb83f1a828835f28a87d4cfe07e", "text": "League of Technical Voters The League of Technical Voters ( LOTV ) is a 501 ( c ) ( 3 ) non-profit organization whose primary goal is to involve more technical people in the political process . LOTV is a United States organization . LOTV obtained their 501 ( c ) ( 3 ) status in October 2007 . LOTV has sponsored numerous projects such as codeathons with flagship sponsorship from the Mozilla Foundation , the Transparent Federal Budget project and We Are All Actors 2007 workshop . The head office for LOTV is in Austin , TX . LOTV was formed on October 13 , 2006 by Silona Bonewald , Kai Mantsch , Sharon Rush and Brigid Shea . From founding through 2013 , LOTV 's advisory board included Jason Asbahr , Tantek Çelik , Donna Kidwell , Chris Messina , Don Shafer , Jimmy Donal `` Jimbo '' Wales . On June 27 , 2013 , LOTV 's Board of Directors elected new members : Lee B. `` Britt '' Blaser , Christopher W. Savage , Doc Searls and Philip J. Windley . Ph.D. . In December , 2013 , the LOTV Board accepted the resignations of Silona Bonewald , Michelle DeFrance , Joshua Gay and Donna Kidwell . In December , 2013 , LOTV made two grants : $ 1,000 to - The Center for Voting and Democracy and $ 1,000 to - The Sunlight Foundation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "544229d7d63d5bcdb1d34c9dd0095943", "text": "Congress-Bundestag Youth Exchange The Congress-Bundestag Youth Exchange ( CBYX , German name : Parlamentarisches Patenschafts-Programm or PPP ) is a youth student exchange program founded in 1983 . The program , which is jointly sponsored by the United States Congress and the German Bundestag , funds exchange programs for German and American students through grants to private exchange organizations in both countries . The funding in the United States is administered by the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs of the United States Department of State The program was established to celebrate the 300th anniversary of German settlement in North America and has been renewed by both legislative bodies since its inception . Over 23,000 German and American students have completed their exchange through the program , which provides a full exchange year complete with orientation and language programs and travel opportunities within Germany and the United States . The exchange year culminates in a conference in Washington , D.C. in which German and American students reflect on their exchange year and share their experiences . The scholarship program is merit-based and is funded based on congressional district for Americans and Bundesland for Germans . It consists of a High School program ( currently administered by six organizations in the United States : AFS , ASSE , AYUSA , CIEE , FLAG , and YFU ) , a Young Professionals program ( administered exclusively by Cultural Vistas ) and a Vocational Student program ( administered by Nacel Open Door ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dfb534bacc240e075683ea15532f3454", "text": "Labor Party (United States, 1996) The Labor Party was an American social democratic political party advocating workers ' interests . Membership at one point reached about 5,000 . The party was formed in 1996 by the United Mine Workers , International Longshore and Warehouse Union , American Federation of Government Employees , California Nurses Association , and hundreds of other local labor unions . From the beginning a dispute over the Party 's running of candidates arose with many of the official unions totally opposed to running candidates that might cause the defeat of their normal Democratic allies . Smaller locals and left union activists on the other had pushed for a clean break with the Democratic Party . This issue was debated internally for years until 1999 when the Party 's leadership agreed to some endorsements of Labor Party members running . In 2001 the Labor Party endorsed labor sponsored independent candidates in San Francisco and Ohio local elections . After the 2000 elections even symbolic support dripped away . The future of the party remains uncertain , particularly after the 2002 death of Tony Mazzocchi , the founding national organizer . All of the founding unions continued to actively support Democratic Party candidates . In December 2005 , the South Carolina Labor Party announced that it would seek ballot status in South Carolina and run a candidate in the 2006 legislative elections . Labor Party News quoted Leonard Riley , President of the Charleston International Longshoremen 's Association Local 1422 as saying , `` Given the results of the past few elections , I think the workers of South Carolina would jump at the opportunity to consider a Labor Party which would guarantee an uncompromising voice for working people on their issues . '' Although South Carolina law permitted electoral fusion , the Labor Party pledged not to endorse candidates of any other party . Party officials acknowledged that the choice of South Carolina may have seemed unusual due to the fact that the state had the second lowest concentration of union workers in the United States . However , party officials said that the relatively high unemployment rate , the decline in the textile industry , and the indifference of the state Democratic and Republican parties to the interests of working people , African-Americans and women created a political space for the Labor Party . The party submitted 16,500 signatures on July 11 , 2006 . If 10,000 of the signatures were valid , the party would be qualified for the 2007 and 2008 elections . This effort was apparently unrelated to the concurrent attempt of the Working Families Party to gain ballot access in South Carolina , a state that allows electoral fusion . In July 2007 Ballot Access News reported that the SCLP was attempting to recruit candidates . The party suspended active operations in 2007 but a group said to affiliated with the party nominated one candidate for the South Carolina State House for 2010 . The candidate , Brett Bursey , received 442 votes , or 3.06 % . In December 2012 Mark Dudzic wrote an article in which he said confirmed that the party had suspended operations in 2007 . While some have taken this to mean that he said that the time was currently not right for the Labor Party to exist , others have seen this as a start of a discussion about the future of the Labor Party .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c5f7fbbe3eb275cbec07f0f50f95abd3", "text": "London Youth (Federation of London Youth Clubs) London Youth is a network of diverse community youth organisations and projects serving young people of all backgrounds right across the capital . London Youth supports the contribution of community-based youth clubs and youth workers , providing them with information , advice and a wide range of accredited training . The organisation grew from the ragged schools movement of the 19th century . During the twentieth century there were two separate charities , The Federation of Boys ' Clubs and The Union of Youth Clubs ( for girls ) , which partially grew out of the Soho Club for Working Girls based at 20 Frith Street , Soho . In 1999 these two organisations joined to create The Federation of London Youth Clubs though the organisation prefers to be called London Youth . It works directly with young people to create `` eye-catching and innovative '' new opportunities in partnership with youth clubs and at its outdoor activity and training centres . It also advocates on behalf of its members so that the daily experience of on-the-ground practitioners informs the thinking of policy makers and funders .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a28264549a361d63f99f65edd4858d1f", "text": "National Youth National Youth ( Nationell Ungdom ) was a Swedish neofascist and openly racist organisation . National Youth was closely linked with the Swedish Resistance Movement . The group became famous in the summer of 1998 for tearing down photographs of nude boys at the Swedish Historical Museum . The reason behind the action was to protest against paedophilia and `` degenerate art '' . The exhibition was closed down after the event . Since December 2000 they participated in the annual Salem March for Daniel Wretström , who was killed in the Stockholm suburb of Salem by a group of which some were young immigrants . Together with the Swedish Resistance Movement they published the magazine Nationellt Motstånd . Earlier they published the magazine Folktribunen , which among other things has praised the people behind the racist killings in Kode and Klippan ( in Sweden ) as true patriots . The editor , Klas Lund , was convicted of bank robbery and of the murder of Ronny Landin in the summer of 1986 . In the beginning of the 1990s Klas Lund was one of the leaders of VAM . In May 2006 , the Swedish Resistance Movement announced the youth organization and all its activities and members as merged with the main organization . Category : Swedish nationalism Category : Neo-Nazi organizations Category : Nationalist organizations Category : Political history of Sweden", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fddff19ac1068b5226e0b5f2075a65cf", "text": "List of teen films Teen film is a film genre targeted at teenagers and young adults in which the plot is based upon the special interests of teenagers and young adults , such as coming of age , first love , rebellion , conflict with parents , teen angst , and alienation . Some of these films are targeted at adults as well as teenagers . Teen films have been a trope of the cinema industry for decades since the 1950s . At this time , the film industry saw a greater market for teens with more disposable income and therefore more money to spend on leisure activities , largely going to films . Because of the boom in teen viewers , drive-in movie theaters were also very popular . However , even the silent era had teen films . Recently , online streaming services such as Netflix have created a resurgence in the `` tween '' and teenage-oriented film .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "439a58a3f98129599a7e2fcecd747779", "text": "Mythology of Teen Wolf The mythology of the MTV supernatural action drama series Teen Wolf follows a teenager named Scott McCall ( Tyler Posey ) , who is bitten by an Alpha werewolf and must cope with how it affects his life and the lives of those closest to him and Dylan O'Brien as `` Stiles '' Stilinski , Scott 's best friend . Most mythological elements in Teen Wolf relate to supernatural creatures and draws heavily from Greek mythology , Norse mythology , Japanese mythology , Aztec mythology , Native American beliefs and Celtic herbalism . The show has created its own unique mythos centered around shapeshifters and their connections to one-another throughout the world .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f06b513c1d460baba1a4c95c22a987f1", "text": "Family Policy Council Family policy councils are groups that work to influence government policy on families . Most are nonprofit and volunteer-based , and most are within the United States or one particular state . However , several groups exist in the English-speaking world . Family policy councils may conduct policy analysis , foster strategic leadership involvement , promote an informed citizenry , provide resources for families , and seek to influence public opinion . Many family policy councils are conservative , religious , state-level organizations dedicated to the promotion of their ideals on family values ; many of these work closely with Focus on the Family and the Family Research Council and oppose same-sex marriage . Some also advocate on other issues , such as the Florida Family Policy Council against the teaching of evolution in public schools . There are also a number of more liberal family policy organizations that conduct similar operations to their conservative counterparts toward the promotion of rights and resources for different types of families , such as those formed by interracial parents , same-sex partners , and single parents .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0780806d09d0e8660d79ef923e8940cb", "text": "New World Alliance The New World Alliance was an American political organization that sought to articulate and implement what it called `` transformational '' political ideas . It was organized in the late 1970s and dissolved in 1983 . It has been described as the first U.S. national political organization of its type and as the first entity to articulate a comprehensive transformational political program . The Alliance maintained a national office two blocks from the White House . It established chapters across the U.S. , produced a 98-page political platform , conducted `` Political Awareness Seminars '' to help participants learn to communicate across ideological and psychological divides , initiated national `` Consultations with Elected Officials , '' and produced a national political newsletter whose sponsors included Ecotopia author Ernest Callenbach and psychologist Carl Rogers . Over the decades , social scientists and others have sought to explain why the Alliance did not achieve a longer life . There is no agreement . Explanations have touched on history ( the U.S. was not ready ) , culture ( the Alliance was too counter-cultural ) , process ( the commitment to near-unanimous consensus decision-making was too onerous ) , leadership ( the people on the Governing Council did not have the personalities or skills to build a mass organization ) , transformational political assumptions and behaviors ( said to be inappropriate , self-defeating , or cult-like ) , and more . Following the dissolution of the organization , many former Governing Council members and other founders of the Alliance -- many near the beginning of their careers -- took transformational ideas into a variety of organizational settings , including the early U.S. Green Party movement and the multinational corporate world . Their organizational efforts and published political writings extended into the 21st century .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0a8c2cb01d046f57a7f2d3da2d83b609", "text": "The Wolf The Wolf may refer to : In film : The Wolf ( film ) , a 2004 film directed by Miguel Courtois Winston Wolf , a fictional character played by Harvey Keitel in the 1994 film Pulp Fiction In music : The Wolf ( Andrew W.K. album ) The Wolf ( Shooter Jennings album ) `` The Wolf '' ( Mumford & Sons song ) `` The Wolf '' , a song by The Banner from Frailty `` The Wolf '' , a song by Motörhead from Rock 'n' Roll `` The Wolf '' , a song by Fever Ray `` The Wolf '' , a song by Eddie Vedder from Into the Wild `` The Wolf '' , a song by Phildel from The Disappearance of the Girl In literature : The Wolf ( magazine ) , an independent literary magazine based in the UK . In radio :", "title": "" }, { "docid": "57861f5dc598b944f774c601e794e432", "text": "Transpartisan Transpartisanship represents an emerging school of political thought which accepts the validity of truths across a range of political perspectives and seeks to synthesize them into an inclusive , pragmatic container beyond typical political dualities . It is distinct from bipartisanship , which aims to negotiate between `` right '' and `` left , '' resulting in a dualistic perspective , and nonpartisanship , which tends to avoid political affiliation altogether . Transpartisanship is a movement to support and advance a common ground - or `` new center '' - that already exists in U.S. politics , emerging periodically into public view in the form of `` unusual coalitions '' of progressives and conservatives around issues ranging from war and the military budget to corporate power and the surveillance state . The movement builds on methods of facilitated dialogue , deliberation and conflict resolution . Current examples of transpartisan initiatives include Transpartisan Center , TheSolution.org , Reuniting America , Transpartisan Alliance , and Liberty Coalition . Transpartisanship is an emerging field that advocates pragmatic and effective solutions to social and political problems , transcending and including preexisting political ideologies . Transpartisanship encompasses the idea that all systems are inextricably interconnected , and that successful outcomes can best be reached through inclusive , genuine , and respectful cooperation . Transpartisan democracy , in part , seeks to reintegrate the public 's voice in identifying , debating , and shaping governmental policies , while continuing to protect the sovereignty of the individual . The term `` Transpartisanship '' has emerged to provide a meaningful alternative to `` Bipartisanship , '' and `` Nonpartisanship . '' Bipartisanship limits the dialogue process to two political viewpoints or entities , striving for compromise solutions . Nonpartisanship , on the other hand , tends to deny the existence of differing viewpoints in exchange for cooperation . Both the bipartisan and nonpartisan approaches can discount the multiplicity of viewpoints that exist , which often results in incomplete and therefore unsuccessful outcomes . In contrast to these , transpartisanship recognizes the existence and validity of many points of view , and advocates a constructive dialogue aimed at arriving at creative , integrated , and therefore , breakthrough solutions that meet the needs of all present . Transpartisan gatherings have resulted not only in surprisingly civil conversations noted by mainstream media but also in shifts from traditional ideological stances by some participants . A close relative of transpartisanship is Integral politics . A transpartisan approach to policy would necessarily include individual and collective , as well as subjective and objective , perspective . Furthermore , similar to Integral theory , transpartisanship places politics in a developmental context , viewing democracy and prosperity not as static attainments , but rather emergent properties along a continuum of developmental stages .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9375a4df28e9473833829ee47c65a9ce", "text": "Social conservatism in the United States Social conservatism in the United States is a political ideology focused on the preservation of traditional values and beliefs , hearkening back to values believed to be present at the American founding . It focuses on a concern with moral and social values which proponents of the ideology see as degraded in modern society by social democracy and liberalism . Social conservatism , while defined differently by many scholars , is often conflated with religious conservatism . Religious conservatives push for a focus on Judeo-Christian traditions as a guiding force for the country on social issues , leading them to be considered social conservatives . Social conservatives are concerned with many social issues such as abortion , sex education , gun control , the equal rights amendment , school prayer , same-sex marriage , and many others . They oppose many of the cultural changes brought on by the culture wars and the sexual revolution . Summarily , this branch of conservatism is concerned with moral and social issues within the United States and uses tradition , strict morals , and religion as solutions for these problems .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "33ee84c563b9f58c06a08d3b4d50e3c7", "text": "Political Islam The term Political Islam is a recently developed term . It is used to label the wide-scale activities of individuals or organizations heading towards the transformation of the state and entire society according to '' Islamic '' rules . It is based on Islam which is a complex of political persuasion and fundamental Islamic books -- Koran , Sira ( the biography of Mohammed ) , and Hadith ( Mohammed 's traditions ) . The term is often used in connection with the movements which represent the current political powers in the name of Islam , emerging at the end of 20th century . It is also used as a term describing political activities stemming from basic Islamic books aiming predominantly at Non-Muslims . Political Islam is often confused with Islamism . However , Political Islam is not only a synonym for violent , radical or extreme Islamism . On the contrary , an overwhelming majority of Islamic political activity is carried out by peaceful means and often within a constitutional framework ( e.g. Arbitration Act from 1996 , where Sharia courts became a part of official British Law ) . International activities of extremists including terrorist acts are an exception not the rule if we talk about political activities executed in the name of Islam . Although this term is often used for organized groups , movements or parties , it can also concern a great number of the individuals who share basic goals and background of Political Islam without any direct connection to a party or group .", "title": "" } ]	fever
84275d8aadf4ca6422efa4acc8dae57e	Anne Bancroft was born after 1987.	[ { "docid": "579038dce7cd0121270a1076cd1755dc", "text": "Anne Bancroft Anna Maria Louisa Italiano ( September 17 , 1931 -- June 6 , 2005 ) , known professionally as Anne Bancroft , was an American actress associated with the method acting school , having studied under Lee Strasberg . Respected for her acting prowess and versatility , Bancroft was acknowledged for her work in film , theatre and television . She won one Academy Award , three BAFTA Awards , two Golden Globes , two Tony Awards and two Emmy Awards , and several other awards and nominations . After her film debut in Do n't Bother to Knock ( 1952 ) and a string of supporting film roles during the 1950s , she won an Academy Award for Best Actress for her lead role in The Miracle Worker ( 1962 ) as the teacher of teenage Helen Keller , reprising her role in the Broadway stage play . She won both an Oscar for her work in the film , and a Tony for the same role in the play . On Broadway in 1965 , she played a medieval nun obsessed with a priest ( Jason Robards ) in John Whiting 's play The Devils , based on the Aldous Huxley novel The Devils of Loudun . She was perhaps best known as the seductress , Mrs. Robinson , in The Graduate ( 1967 ) , a role that she later stated had come to overshadow her other work . Bancroft received several other Oscar nominations and continued in lead roles until the late 1980s . She played a ballet dancer in The Turning Point ( 1977 ) , and in Agnes of God ( 1985 ) , she played the mother superior of a convent who clashes with a psychiatrist played by Jane Fonda over dealings with a troubled young novice nun played by Meg Tilly . In 1987 , she starred with Anthony Hopkins in 84 Charing Cross Road . She appeared in several movies directed or produced by her second husband , comedian Mel Brooks , including the award-winning drama The Elephant Man as well as comedies To Be or Not to Be and Dracula : Dead and Loving It . In the 1990s she returned to supporting roles in films , but continued to play lead roles in television films . She received Emmy and Screen Actors Guild Award nominations , for The Roman Spring of Mrs. Stone ( 2003 ) , as well as an Emmy nomination for 2001 's Haven .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "d6124ceaba61cb4ad96d60613b524d3e", "text": "Gillian Armstrong Gillian May Armstrong ( born 18 December 1950 ) is an award-winning Australian feature film and documentary director , who specializes in period-drama . Her films often feature female perspectives and protagonists .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fd2e599688ac43d29392e8c82f7b4fa6", "text": "Ann Bancroft Ann Bancroft ( born September 29 , 1955 ) is an American author , teacher , and adventurer . She was the first woman to successfully finish a number of arduous expeditions to the Arctic and Antarctic . She was inducted as honorary member of the National Women 's Hall of Fame in 1995 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ebc749343a5cfa9b5fba1f9c102a367", "text": "Effie Bancroft Marie Effie Wilton , Lady Bancroft ( 1839 -- 1921 ) was an English actress and theatre manager . She appeared onstage as Marie Wilton until after her marriage in December 1867 to Squire Bancroft , when she usually appeared under the name Lady Bancroft . Bancroft and her husband were important in the development of Victorian era theatre through their presentation of innovative plays at the London theatres that they managed , first the Prince of Wales 's Theatre and later the Haymarket Theatre .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1fcb1b8addea404a2d0cdac0db9537d9", "text": "Anne Schoettle Anne Schoettle ( born October 5 , 1959 ) is an American television soap opera writer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4ae66b9308d607e0ee29ab171a5cf778", "text": "Elizabeth Smart Elizabeth Ann Smart-Gilmour ( born November 3 , 1987 ) is an American child safety activist and contributor for ABC News . She first gained national attention at the age of 14 when she was abducted from her home in Salt Lake City and rescued nine months later . Smart is also a musician who has played harp on national television in the United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f0e6b98d8aa0ba5ad7792d070a0a7e61", "text": "Tina Brown Tina Brown CBE ( born Christina Hambley Brown ; 21 November 1953 ) , is a journalist , magazine editor , columnist , talk-show host and author of The Diana Chronicles , a biography of Diana , Princess of Wales . Born a British citizen , she took United States citizenship in 2005 after emigrating in 1984 to edit Vanity Fair . She is legally titled Lady Evans . Having been editor-in-chief of Tatler magazine at the age of 25 , she rose to prominence in the American media industry as the editor of Vanity Fair from 1984 to 1992 and of The New Yorker from 1992 to 1998 . In 2000 she was appointed a CBE ( Commander of the Order of the British Empire ) for her services to overseas journalism , and in 2007 was inducted into the Magazine Editors ' Hall of Fame . As an editor , she has also been honored with four George Polk Awards , five Overseas Press Club awards , and ten National Magazine Awards . In October 2008 , she partnered with Barry Diller , chairman of IAC/InterActiveCorp , to found and edit The Daily Beast . Two years later , in November 2010 , The Daily Beast merged with the American weekly news magazine Newsweek in a joint venture to form The Newsweek Daily Beast Company . In September 2013 , Brown announced she would be leaving her position as editor-in-chief of The Daily Beast to launch Tina Brown Media and pen Media Beast , a memoir of her years in the media world , slated to be published in 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7efe4b81489b8ad446e6dd7515da5cc4", "text": "Richard Bancroft Richard Bancroft ( 1544 -- 2 November 1610 ) was an English churchman who was Archbishop of Canterbury from 1604 to 1610 and the `` chief overseer '' of the production of the King James Bible .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c73e3fa875e67d65ca698f93ac84381e", "text": "Ann Stanford Ann Stanford ( November 25 , 1916 -- July 12 , 1987 ) was an American poet . She graduated from Stanford University in 1938 Phi Beta Kappa , and University of California , Los Angeles , with an M.A. in journalism in 1958 , an M.A. in English in 1961 , and a Ph.D. in English and American literature in 1962 . Stanford married Roland Arthur White , an architect , in 1942 , and they had three daughters and one son . When she died in 1987 , at the age of seventy , Ann Stanford was at the apex of a long and distinguished career as a poet , translator , editor , scholar and teacher . Over a period of forty years , she had written eight volumes of poetry , two verse plays , and a book-length study of the Puritan poet Anne Bradstreet . She had also translated the classic Sanskrit text The Bhagavad Gita and edited The Women Poets in English , an anthology that gathered , for the first time , hundreds of years of poetry by women . Her poems had appeared regularly in the most prestigious journals and magazines -- the New Yorker , The Atlantic , Poetry , The New Republic , The Southern Review -- and had been widely honored . From 1962 to 1987 , she taught at California State University , Northridge . She was a founding member of the Associated Writing Programs . Since 1988 , a poetry prize has been awarded in her name .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "17be83791d9b59f17bf43a51f095fa49", "text": "Anna Hopkins Anna Hopkins ( born February 12 , 1987 ) is a Canadian actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6eae811e598e3c39a5e7e43bb7ffbe7f", "text": "Charlotte Anne `` Charlotte Anne '' is a song by English singer Julian Cope released as the first single from his album My Nation Underground in 1988 . The song was Cope 's only chart-topping single on any U.S. chart , reaching number one on the Modern Rock Tracks chart in the United States for one week in early 1989 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1bd845cb5fb5ef5cad1cdc6eee87c2bf", "text": "Thomas Bancroft (priest) Thomas Bancroft ( 1756 -- 1811 ) , was a vicar of Bolton-le-Moors in Lancashire , England . Bancroft was the son of Thomas Bancroft , a thread-maker , was born in Deansgate , Manchester . At the age of six he was admitted into the Manchester Grammar School , where , in course of time , he became a teacher . He held a school exhibition from 1778 to 1781 , and graduated B.A. at Brasenose College , Oxford , 10 October 1781 . In 1780 he obtained the Craven scholarship ; in the same year he assisted in correcting the edition of Homer published by the Clarendon Press , and further helped Dr. Falconer in correcting an edition of Strabo . Being disappointed of a fellowship at Oxford , he returned to Manchester grammar school as assistant master , and remained there until he was appointed head-master of King Henry VIII 's school at Chester . ` Towards the end of last century , ' writes Dr. Ormerod , ` the school attained a considerable degree of classical celebrity under the direction of the late Rev. Thomas Bancroft , afterwards vicar of Bolton-le-Moors in Lancashire . Plays were occasionally performed by the boys , and a collection of Greek , Latin , and English exercises , partly written by the scholars and partly by Mr. Bancroft , was published at Chester ( 1788 ) under the title of `` Prolusiones Poeticæ ''' . While at this school he married Miss Bennett , of Willaston Hall , against the wishes of her father , a wine merchant in Chester . Her father prevented an attempted elopement by running his sword through Bancroft 's leg , a feat for which he had to pay Bancroft 1,000 l. compensation . A marriage soon afterwards took place in defiance of the father , who was never reconciled to his daughter . He bequeathed , however , 1,000 l. each to her two daughters . In 1793 Bancroft was presented by Bishop Cleaver to the living of Bolton-le-Moors , then worth about 250l . a year . In 1798 Bancroft was made chaplain to the Bolton volunteers by royal warrant , and four years previously he had been appointed domestic chaplain to Viscount Castle-Stewart . He was made one of the four ` king 's preachers ' allowed to the county of Lancaster by Dr. Majendie , bishop of Chester , in 1807 . He continued vicar of Bolton until his death on 5 February 1811 . There is a tablet to his memory in the parish church . He published various sermons , the ` Prolusiones ' already mentioned , and wrote three dissertations ( Oxford , 1835 ) . Two tracts , ` The Credibility of Christianity vindicated , ' Manchester , 1831 , and ` The Englishman armed against the Infidel Spirit of the Times , ' Stockport , 1833 , were privately printed for his son-in-law , J. Bradshaw Isherwood . There remain several of his manuscripts in possession of the family of Major Fell , of Bolton , who married one of Bancroft 's granddaughters .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0b776a59ab51178c1c4c9085861f05b5", "text": "Kristin Davis Kristin Landen Davis ( also listed as Kristin Lee Davis ; born February 23 , 1965 ) is an American actress . She is known for playing Brooke Armstrong on the soap opera Melrose Place ( 1995 -- 1996 ) , and Charlotte York Goldenblatt on HBO 's Sex and the City ( 1998 -- 2004 ) . She received a 2004 Emmy Award nomination for her role as Charlotte , and reprised the role in the films , Sex and the City ( 2008 ) and Sex and the City 2 ( 2010 ) . Davis made her Broadway debut playing Mabel Cantwell in the 2012 revival of The Best Man , and her West End debut playing Beth Gallagher in the original 2014 stage production of Fatal Attraction .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c77b789fbab1fdf33ae5f9566f9deaa0", "text": "1987 in Australian television", "title": "" }, { "docid": "44b4f109a6f98f07abff559e204e34fc", "text": "Anne Bloom Anne Bloom ( born January 1 ( New Year 's Day ) , 1947 , in Los Angeles ) is an American former film and television actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d6d88f249b8f199445d293584ae1ea3a", "text": "Anne Twomey Anne Carolyn Twomey ( born 7 June 1951 ) is an American theater , film , and television actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e9c3b2d1a8bdff3b5f52f127beffce1e", "text": "Anne Leaton Anne Leaton ( born July 13 , 1932 ) is a novelist , short story writer , and poet whose works have been published in England and America and whose radio plays have been broadcast on the BBC .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "be28cd75e5b97036c3c0917be0ec9a3b", "text": "Bancroft, Idaho Bancroft is a city in the Gem Valley of Caribou County , Idaho , United States . The population was 377 at the 2010 census .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "82b2a53639655a3c21928bb5c1c51610", "text": "Anne (band) Anne was an American dream pop band from Portland , Oregon .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5d36dc7aac688ea95459be0356d7681", "text": "Anne Winters (actress) Anne Christine Winters ( born June 3 , 1994 ) is an American actress . She is known for her roles in the FX drama series Tyrant as Emma Al-Fayeed , and the ABC crime drama series Wicked City as Vicki Roth . She had a recurring role as Kelsey on the ABC Family drama series The Fosters , and also starred in the films Sand Castles ( 2014 ) , Pass the Light ( 2015 ) , and The Bride He Bought Online ( 2015 ) . She won the Nice International Film Festival Award for Best Supporting Actress for her role in The Tribe ( 2016 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a43feaf3bf527d7dec12eb46a0b1f60", "text": "Anne N. Foreman Anne Newman Foreman ( born ca. 1947 ) is a United States diplomat , lawyer , and businesswoman , who was General Counsel of the Air Force from 1987 to 1989 and United States Under Secretary of the Air Force from May 1 , 1989 to January 20 , 1993 .", "title": "" } ]	fever
2ac3948ef23c5ea37d0b6f2c5c569643	Brad Pitt acted in A River Runs Through It.	[ { "docid": "305d779553b5c59ef9640638b98a0af5", "text": "A River Runs Through It (film) A River Runs Through It is a 1992 American period coming-of-age drama film directed by Robert Redford and starring Craig Sheffer , Brad Pitt , Tom Skerritt , Brenda Blethyn , and Emily Lloyd . It is a based on the 1976 semi-autobiographical novella of the same name by Norman Maclean , adapted for the screen by Richard Friedenberg . Set in and around Missoula , Montana , the story follows two sons of a Presbyterian minister , one studious and the other rebellious , as they grow up and come of age in the Rocky Mountain region during a span of time from roughly World War I to the early days of the Great Depression , including part of the Prohibition era . The film won an Academy Award for Best Cinematography in 1993 and was nominated for two other Oscars , for Best Music , Original Score and Best Adapted Screenplay . The film grossed $ 43 million in US domestic returns .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "93865540711ce661e8fd7fb8196f4270", "text": "Brad Pitt William Bradley Pitt ( born December 18 , 1963 ) is an American actor and producer . He has received multiple awards and nominations including an Academy Award as producer under his own company Plan B Entertainment . Pitt first gained recognition as a cowboy hitchhiker in the road movie Thelma & Louise ( 1991 ) . His first leading roles in big-budget productions came with the dramas A River Runs Through It ( 1992 ) and Legends of the Fall ( 1994 ) , and Interview with the Vampire ( 1994 ) . He gave critically acclaimed performances in the crime thriller Seven and the science fiction film 12 Monkeys ( both 1995 ) , the latter earning him a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor and an Academy Award nomination . Pitt starred in the cult film Fight Club ( 1999 ) and the heist film Ocean 's Eleven ( 2001 ) and its sequels , Ocean 's Twelve ( 2004 ) and Ocean 's Thirteen ( 2007 ) . His greatest commercial successes have been Troy ( 2004 ) , Mr. & Mrs. Smith ( 2005 ) , and World War Z ( 2013 ) . Pitt received his second and third Academy Award nominations for his leading performances in The Curious Case of Benjamin Button ( 2008 ) and Moneyball ( 2011 ) . He produced The Departed ( 2006 ) and 12 Years a Slave ( 2013 ) , both of which won the Academy Award for Best Picture , and also The Tree of Life , Moneyball , and The Big Short ( 2015 ) , all of which garnered Best Picture nominations . As a public figure , Pitt has been cited as one of the most influential and powerful people in the American entertainment industry , as well as the world 's most attractive man , by various media outlets . His personal life is also the subject of wide publicity . Divorced from actress Jennifer Aniston , to whom he was married for five years , he has been married to actress Angelina Jolie since 2014 . They have six children together , three of whom were adopted internationally . In September 2016 , Jolie filed for divorce from Pitt .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "4ac034a791aeddea2c411d0309edea59", "text": "Bradu River (Suciu) The Bradu River is a tributary of the Suciu River in Romania .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4dc85728dca63d89af5fc3390ac07071", "text": "Port of Pittsburgh The Port of Pittsburgh is a vast river traffic region that encompasses a twelve county area including Allegheny , Armstrong , Beaver , Blair , Butler , Clarion , Fayette , Greene , Indiana , Lawrence , Washington , and Westmoreland Counties , essentially all 200 miles of commercially navigable waterways in southwestern Pennsylvania . It includes the three major rivers in southwestern Pennsylvania : the Allegheny , the Monongahela , and the Ohio . This waterway is made navigable by a system of seventeen locks and dams . The Port of Pittsburgh supports over 200 river terminals and barge industry service suppliers , including privately owned public river terminals . The Port complex is served by the CSX and Norfolk Southern railroads and by four interstate highways . The Port of Pittsburgh Commission acts as a comprehensive service for shippers and industries seeking information on the river system . Unlike the Port of Miami , for example , the Port of Pittsburgh , does not refer to a specific geographic location but to the broader geographical context under which the Pittsburgh port industry conducts its broad scope of activity .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2caa443248add80d7ac30f7982ce40c7", "text": "Wind River (2017 film) Wind River is a 2017 American thriller film directed and written by Taylor Sheridan in his directorial debut . The film stars Jeremy Renner , Elizabeth Olsen , Jon Bernthal and Kelsey Asbille . It premiered at the 2017 Sundance Film Festival . It is scheduled to be released on August 4 , 2017 , by The Weinstein Company .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d515fa8355ad84f864b066ab9d157c1f", "text": "The Curious Case of Benjamin Button (film) The Curious Case of Benjamin Button is a 2008 American romantic fantasy drama film directed by David Fincher . The storyline by Eric Roth and Robin Swicord is loosely based on the 1922 short story of the same name by F. Scott Fitzgerald . The film stars Brad Pitt as a man who ages in reverse and Cate Blanchett as the love interest throughout his life . The film was released in North America on December 25 , 2008 to positive reviews . The film went on to receive thirteen Academy Award nominations , including Best Picture , Best Director for Fincher , Best Actor for Pitt and Best Supporting Actress for Taraji P. Henson , and won three , for Best Art Direction , Best Makeup , and Best Visual Effects .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "474f2c2ec385af429b264d8a03b90a0a", "text": "Horace Pitt-Rivers, 6th Baron Rivers Horace Pitt-Rivers , 6th Baron Rivers ( 12 April 1814 -- 3 March 1880 ) , known as Horace Beckford until 1828 and Hon. Horace Pitt from 1828 until 1867 , was a British peer and army officer . He was born on 12 April 1814 in London , the younger son of Horace Beckford and his wife Frances , and was baptised on 11 May at St George 's , Hanover Square . Beckford , as he then was , was educated at Harrow School from 1824 to 1826 and then at the Royal Military College , Sandhurst . In 1828 , his father inherited the Pitt estates and the title of Baron Rivers by a special remainder , and adopted the surname of Pitt for his younger son . On 27 February 1830 , Pitt ( as he now was ) bought a cornetcy in the Royal Horse Guards vacated by Viscount Fordwich . On 6 July 1832 , he bought a lieutenancy vacated by the Hon. George Weld-Forester and on 11 November 1836 , a captaincy vacated by Lord Elphinstone . On 10 April 1845 , at Brighton , he married Eleanor Sutor . No children were born of the marriage . She was a courtesan of the Regency period under the name of `` Nellie Holmes '' , and had lived with Pitt before the marriage . They agreed to separate in 1846 . Pitt was breveted a major in the Army on 9 November 1846 , and purchased a substantive majority vacated by Weld-Forester on 2 September 1853 , receiving a brevet lieutenant-colonelcy from the same date . He retired from the Army on 21 April 1854 , having been forced to sell his commission due to his gambling and horse-racing debts . He then spent a number of years in hiding from his creditors , living at Soval on the Isle of Lewis and then from 1858 at Kilninver . He attempted to obtain a divorce from his wife , but without success ; the House of Lords held that he had not become domiciled in Scotland , and was therefore unable to take advantage of the more liberal Scottish divorce laws . In 1867 , Pitt succeeded his sickly nephew Henry in the Pitt estates and the title of Baron Rivers , and assumed the surname of Pitt-Rivers . He was a Conservative in politics . His first wife died on 3 September 1872 , at Broxbourne , and on 26 June 1873 he married Emmeline Laura , a daughter of Captain John Pownall William Bastard and a granddaughter of Captain John Bastard . There were no children from his second marriage . He died on 3 March 1880 at 23 , Wilton Crescent , and was buried at Steepleton Iwerne . His peerage became extinct upon his death . The Pitt estates were inherited by a second cousin , Augustus Lane-Fox , who adopted the surname of Pitt-Rivers in consequence . In 1881 his widow married Montague George Thorold ( d. 1920 ) , second son of Sir John Thorold , 11th Baronet , and died on 1 October 1918 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9368a03e4b2ef4398694c0674a30187c", "text": "The River (1951 film) The River ( French : Le Fleuve ) is a 1951 film directed by Jean Renoir . It was filmed in India . A fairly faithful dramatization of an earlier literary work of the same name ( The River , authored by Rumer Godden ) , the movie attests to a teenager 's first love , and how her heart is broken when the man she falls in love with is smitten with her best friend instead . The film was produced by Kenneth McEldowney , and original music was by M. A. Partha Sarathy . The cast includes Esmond Knight , Nora Swinburne and Arthur Shields .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "512c00bf513b65da6bf06ebd4b727365", "text": "Lehigh River The Lehigh River , a tributary of the Delaware River , is a 109 mi river located in eastern Pennsylvania , in the United States . Part of the Lehigh , along with a number of its tributaries , is designated a Pennsylvania Scenic River by the state 's Department of Conservation and Natural Resources . `` Lehigh '' is an Anglicization of the Lenape name for the river , Lechewuekink , meaning `` where there are forks '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "22592afba58d00bb86b2eac74d0550ab", "text": "Brad Sullivan Bradford E. `` Brad '' Sullivan ( November 18 , 1931 -- December 31 , 2008 ) was an American character actor on film , stage and television .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "78c0bf69420d28d3dad3b540835b635d", "text": "Like a River Runs `` Like a River Runs '' is a single by the American band Bleachers , originally appearing on their 2014 album Strange Desire . It was released as a 7 inch on June 23 , 2014 . It was also released to Alternative and Triple A radio on April 27 , 2015 . In 2015 , Bleachers released an EP of the same name , which includes four tracks : a fifteen-minute spoken word track called `` Dreams Are n't Random '' , two alternate versions of the title track performed by the band , and a cover version performed by Sia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1a540fae5972f5932e489bce65ff1def", "text": "William Pitt (engineer) Captain William Abraham Pitt ( 29 November 1840 -- 12 September 1909 ) was a Canadian ferryman from the Kingston Peninsula of New Brunswick . He was born in Reed 's Point , Kings County , New Brunswick , and for over thirty years he operated a small sail and oars scow ferry connecting the Kingston Peninsula with the Kennebecasis Valley . Pitt was the inventor of the underwater cable ferry . His new invention was installed across the Kennebecasis River between Reed 's Point and Gondola Point in 1904 . Believing that the cable required to operated his new ferry was too heavy and bulky , Pitt decided the lay the cable out during the winter . He ran the ferry cable across the river allowing it to sink into place with the spring thaw . By the middle of the 20th century , New Brunswick 's road network improved and cable ferries to carry passengers and vehicles could be found in many river communities . Pitt later died from serious injuries obtained by falling into the machinery of his ferry . One of the two cable ferries currently operating at Gondola Point is named the `` William Pitt II '' in his honour .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4f7f1e540169ded02ede7ab209ae271e", "text": "Canyon River (film) Canyon River is a 1956 Allied Artists American Western film in CinemaScope and Color by De Luxe directed by Harmon Jones . It stars George Montgomery as the head of a cattle drive .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd9c78783ed8bcca996c429974fb9790", "text": "The Angry River The Angry River ( Chinese title : 鬼怒川 ) is a 1970 Hong Kong fantasy action film directed by Huang Feng . It was the first film produced by Golden Harvest .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b194a0b18fd967206368ba0971fd31c6", "text": "River of Gold River of Gold ( O Rio do Ouro ) is a 1998 Portuguese drama film directed by Paulo Rocha . It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1998 Cannes Film Festival .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8201cf75be9fd8a650b094425c2b6149", "text": "Cane River (disambiguation) Cane River is a river formed from a portion of the Red River that is located in Natchitoches Parish , Louisiana , United States . Cane River Lake is a lake formed from a portion of the Red River that is located in Natchitoches Parish , Louisiana , United States . Cane River may also refer to : Rivers : Cane River ( Jamaica ) Cane River ( North Carolina ) , United States Cane River ( Western Australia ) , in the Pilbara region Places : Cane River , North Carolina Other : Cane River ( novel ) , a 2001 historical novel by Lalita Tademy Cane River ( film ) , a 1982 film by Horace B. Jenkins", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c7100d804ad9f755234966b287f5bc47", "text": "Boone River The Boone River is a tributary of the Des Moines River in north-central Iowa in the United States . It is 111 mi long and drains an area of 895 sqmi . Via the Des Moines River , it is part of the watershed of the Mississippi River . The Boone River rises near Britt in western Hancock County and flows generally southwardly through Wright , Hamilton and Webster counties , past Goldfield and Webster City . It flows into the Des Moines River 17 mi north of Boone . Tributaries of the Boone River also drain portions of Kossuth and Humboldt counties . Two headwaters tributaries are known as the East Branch Boone River and the Middle Branch Boone River . The Iowa Department of Natural Resources has designated the lower 26 mi of the Boone River from Webster City to its mouth as a `` Protected Water Area '' . This stretch of the river cuts through a wooded valley and allows canoeing and fishing for smallmouth bass , channel catfish , walleye , northern pike and flathead catfish .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "60aaa4d6ff6039e8a5c5398e085e67e0", "text": "Hawkesbury Canoe Classic The Hawkesbury Canoe Classic is an annual marathon canoe race taking place on the Hawkesbury River in Northwest Sydney usually at the end of October . The Hawkesbury Canoe Classic consists of a 111 km paddle downstream starting in Windsor and finishing in Brooklyn . The race is Australia 's fourth-longest annual canoe race after the 404 km Murray Marathon , the Riverland Paddling Marathon on the Murray River between Martins Bend and Morgan in South Australia and the 133 km Avon Descent in Western Australia . The Hawkesbury Canoe Classic has over 600 paddlers each year . John Harmer is the only person who has completed all 35 Classic races . Around 600 paddlers travel 111 km in moonlight , down the Hawkesbury River from Windsor to Brooklyn , to raise money for Charity . Over the years the Hawkesbury Classic has developed into a great event . Paddlers , their land crew and hundreds of volunteers converge on the banks of the Hawkesbury River at Windsor on the day of the event to enjoy the fun and competition of an overnight paddle , and the now famous camaraderie and spirit of the event . Paddlers leave Windsor between 4pm and 6pm on Saturday and pass 20 safety checkpoints during the night . The fastest craft arrive at Brooklyn on Sunday morning in less than 10 hours , but the average time is closer to 15 hours . The classic began in 1977 and is made possible by volunteers who put in hundreds of hours of time throughout the year , the landowners who allow the use of their land for the weekend and the paddlers and their support crews . The Classic has raised more than $ 3.3 million for medical research , the major beneficiary for 2011 will be the Arrow Bone Marrow Transplant Foundation . The 2012 classic will be held on 27 -- 28 October 2012 . Entry fees and sponsorship monies raised by the Classic go towards supporting medical research . The first race in 1977 had 250 participants and raised A$ 8,500 . This has increased over time with $ 185,000 donated in 2008 . Over 14 years , approximately $ 2 million has been donated to the Arrow Bone Marrow Transplant Foundation . The 2012 Event is scheduled for the 27 -- 28 October 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6b5e515c8b26e6fe0db9f90b4da0ebe4", "text": "The Young Mr Pitt The Young Mr. Pitt is a 1942 British biographical film of the life of William Pitt the Younger and in particular his struggle against revolutionary France and Napoleon . It was directed by Carol Reed and stars Robert Donat , Robert Morley and John Mills . Made in black-and-white , it was produced by Edward Black and Maurice Ostrer for the British subsidiary of 20th Century Fox . It was filmed as the Second World War was raging . Similar parallels with the struggle against Hitler 's Germany were implied in That Hamilton Woman ( aka Lady Hamilton , 1941 ) , made by Alexander Korda in the United States with Laurence Olivier and Vivien Leigh in the leads .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b449b49fd230f009219a0a96a89e68cd", "text": "The Indian Runner The Indian Runner is a 1991 crime drama film written and directed by Sean Penn. . It is based on Bruce Springsteen 's song , `` Highway Patrolman '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fe647fdfdbdd9f7789f4a117da4c109a", "text": "River pirate A river pirate is a type of pirate who operates along a river . The term `` river piracy '' has been used to describe many different kinds of pirate groups who carry out riverine attacks in Asia , Africa , Europe , North America , and South America .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "459754d2a41aaf734fc988c2f767955e", "text": "Avon Water, Hampshire Avon Water is a small river in the south of England , flowing through the New Forest in Hampshire to the sea . It should not be confused with the larger River Avon , which also flows through Hampshire . Along with the Beaulieu River and the Lymington River , Avon Water is one of the three main rivers which drain the New Forest southward directly into the Solent , although it is smaller than the other two rivers . It rises in the south-western part of the New Forest , near Holmsley , and flows south-eastward , in a fairly straight course for about 9 miles ( 14.5 km ) . It flows into the Solent at Keyhaven , close to the shingle bank that leads to Hurst Castle . The name `` Avon Water '' is considered modern , although it certainly dates from at least the 18th century . It is labelled on Thomas Milne 's map of Hampshire published by William Faden in 1791 . Cary 's New Itinerary of 1810 also refers to `` Avon Water '' but confounds it with a stream immediately to the west ( the Danes stream near Downton ) .", "title": "" } ]	fever
e1996484854160ad2c4709c3eef09682	Manchester City F.C. is an American football club.	[ { "docid": "6cd4ad052e59eb9d78a304157746c253", "text": "Manchester City F.C. Manchester City Football Club is a football club in Manchester , England . Founded in 1880 as St. Mark 's ( West Gorton ) , they became Ardwick Association Football Club in 1887 and Manchester City in 1894 . The club moved to the City of Manchester Stadium in 2003 , having played at Maine Road since 1923 . The club 's most successful period was in the late 1960s and early 1970s when they won the League Championship , FA Cup , League Cup and European Cup Winners ' Cup under the management team of Joe Mercer and Malcolm Allison . After losing the 1981 FA Cup Final , the club went through a period of decline , culminating in relegation to the third tier of English football for the only time in their history in 1998 . Having regained their Premier League status in the early 2000s , the club was purchased in 2008 by Abu Dhabi United Group and has become one of the wealthiest in the world . Since 2011 the club have won five major honours , including the Premier League in 2012 and 2014 . By 2015 -- 16 , Manchester City had the fifth-highest revenue in the footballing world with an annual revenue of $ 463.5 million . In 2016 , Forbes magazine estimated they were the world 's sixth most valuable football club , worth $ 1.92 billion .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "0d9efc440269361873297a1ed08f0e6e", "text": "Minneapolis City SC Minneapolis City SC ( known informally as Mpls City SC or The Crows ) is an American soccer team based in Minneapolis , Minnesota , United States . Founded in 2016 , the team plays in the National Premier Soccer League , a national league at the fourth tier of the American Soccer Pyramid . For their inaugural season , the team played in the regional Premier League of America .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d68c4daa2f1f5e51c4a5e3c18ab852e9", "text": "Association football culture Association football culture refers to the cultural aspects surrounding the game of association football . In many countries , football has ingrained itself into the national culture , and parts of life may revolve around it . Many countries have daily football newspapers , as well as football magazines . Football players , especially in the top levels of the game , have become role models for people . The FIFA World Cup held every four years is the quintessential football event , combining the greatest players in the world and the passion of the fans . Football has a long and glorious history , with which a vast and diverse culture has emerged . The culture of football can be easily divided into how the players , fans and clubs see the sport .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7706353a69e60d9b59b3d0e2f7155ff8", "text": "List of sports rivalries A sports rivalry is intense competition between athletic teams or athletes . This pressure of competition is felt by players , coaches , and management , but is perhaps felt strongest by the fans . The intensity of the rivalry varies from a friendly competition on one end to serious violence on the other that , in one case ( the Football War ) , was suggested to have led to military conflicts . Owners typically encourage rivalries as they tend to improve game attendance and television ratings for rivalry matches , but a rivalry that gets out of control can lead to fighting , hooliganism , rioting and some , with career-ending or even fatal consequences . Rivalries stem from various sources . Simple geographic proximity as well as frequent meetings in important games can lead to rivalries . Games between two rivals of close geographical proximity are usually called a local derby , or simply just derby ( UK : -LSB- 'd ɑrbi -RSB- or US : -LSB- ˈdɜrbi -RSB- ) ; a sporting fixture between two teams from the same town , city or region , particularly in association football . The phrase most likely originated from The Derby , a horse race in England , founded by the 12th Earl of Derby in 1780 , since at least as early as 1840 ` derby ' has been used as a noun in English to denote any kind of sporting contest . In the United States , the term crosstown rivalry is more commonly encountered for this type of rivalry . The town of Derby was renowned as the site of a chaotic and exuberant game that involved the whole town and often resulted in fatalities . The goals were at Nuns Mill in the north and the Gallows Balk in the south of the town , and much of the action took place in the River Derwent or the Markeaton Brook . Nominally the players came from All Saints ' and St Peter 's parishes , but in practice the game was a free-for-all with as many as 1,000 players . A Frenchman who observed the match in 1829 wrote in horror , ` if Englishmen call this play , it would be impossible to say what they call fighting ' . The traditional Shrovetide football match is commonplace in the town of Ashbourne , Derbyshire . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ed45ddd6b8f910b08339d0e252381694", "text": "Association football in America Association football in America could mean :", "title": "" }, { "docid": "80387cd03bb54a876958aa4b65ff66b3", "text": "History of the New England Patriots The history of the New England Patriots began when Boston business executive William `` Billy '' Sullivan and Sullivan Brother Printers , owned by Joseph Sullivan , were awarded the eighth and final franchise of the developing American Football League ( AFL ) on November 16 , 1959 . The following winter , locals submitted thousands of ideas for the Boston football team 's official name . On February 20 , 1960 , Sullivan chose `` Boston Patriots '' , which was suggested by 74 fans , among them Larry Kepnes . Immediately thereafter , artist Phil Bissell developed the `` Pat Patriot '' logo . The Patriots ' time in the AFL saw them without a regular home stadium . Nickerson Field , Harvard Stadium , Fenway Park , and Alumni Stadium , all in or near Boston , served as home fields during their time in the American Football League . Early Patriots stars included defensive tackles Jim Lee `` Earthquake '' Hunt and Houston Antwine ; quarterback Vito `` Babe '' Parilli ; and flanker-placekicker Gino `` The Duke '' Cappelletti . Hunt , Parilli and Cappelletti played every year of the existence of the AFL , with Hunt and Cappelletti spending all ten years with the Patriots . Cappelletti was the all-time leading scorer in the AFL . Later the Patriots were joined by such stars as defensive end Larry Eisenhauer , fullback Jim Nance , and middle linebacker and future Hall of Famer Nick Buoniconti . Cappelletti and Nance were AFL Most Valuable Players , Cappelletti in 1964 and Nance in 1966 . Buoniconti and Antwine were later named to the American Football League All-Time Team . The Boston Patriots defeated the Buffalo Bills in an AFL Eastern Division playoff game in 1963 , and played in the 1963 AFL championship game , losing to the San Diego Chargers 51 -- 10 . Although they would not appear again in an AFL or NFL post-season game for another 13 years , in the AFL , the Patriots often challenged the dominant Bills for the Eastern Division title . When the NFL and AFL merged in 1970 , the Patriots were placed in the AFC East division , where they still play today . The following year , the Patriots moved to a new stadium in Foxborough , Massachusetts , a suburb of Boston , which would serve as their home for 30 years ; the team also changed their name to the New England Patriots to reflect the location change , as well as its following throughout the region as its only NFL team ( though both New York City teams have substantial followings in parts of Connecticut as well ) . During the 1970s , the Patriots had some success , earning a berth to the playoffs in 1976 -- as a wild card-berth -- and in 1978 -- as AFC East champions . They would lose both games . In 1985 , they returned to the playoffs , and made it all the way to Super Bowl XX , which they lost against the Chicago Bears 46 -- 10 . Following their Super Bowl loss , they returned to the playoffs in 1986 , but lost in the first round . The team would not make the playoffs again for eight more years . They changed ownership several times in that period , being purchased from the Sullivan family first by Victor Kiam in 1988 , who sold the team to James Orthwein in 1992 . Orthwein intended to move the team to his native St. Louis , Missouri , but sold the team two years later to current owner , local businessman Robert Kraft in 1994 . Though Orthwein 's period as owner was short and controversial , he did oversee major changes to the team . Former New York Giants coach Bill Parcells was hired in 1993 , and the drastic changes were made the same year to the Patriots uniforms , changing their primary colors from their traditional red and white to blue and silver , and introducing a new logo . Parcells would bring the Patriots to two playoff appearances , including Super Bowl XXXI , which they lost to the Green Bay Packers by a score of 35 -- 21 . Pete Carroll , Parcells ' successor , would also take the team to the playoffs twice . Bill Belichick , current head coach , was hired in 2000 , and a new home field , Gillette Stadium was opened in 2002 . Under Belichick , the team won three Super Bowls in four years , and finished the 2007 regular season with a perfect 16 -- 0 record , becoming only the fourth team in league history to go undefeated , and the only one since the league expanded its regular season schedule to 16 games ; however , they ended that season with an 18-1 record after their loss to the New York Giants in Super Bowl XLII . The Patriots have made the playoffs in 12 of the 15 seasons that Belichick has been coach , missing them only in 2000 ( his first season ) , 2002 , and 2008 . They later faced the Seattle Seahawks in Super Bowl XLIX on February 1 , 2015 , and won by a score of 28-24 . The Patriots defeated the Atlanta Falcons 34-28 in Super Bowl LI at NRG Stadium .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "de126213a43916e80752d876948b914c", "text": "1911–12 Manchester City F.C. season The 1911 -- 12 season was Manchester City F.C. 's twenty-first season of league football and second consecutive season back in the First Division of English football .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2207067ebd85b3e7571590ecaaf8f128", "text": "United States Soccer Federation The United States Soccer Federation ( USSF ) , commonly referred to as U.S. Soccer , is a 501 ( c ) ( 3 ) nonprofit organization and the official governing body of the sport of soccer in the United States . With headquarters in Chicago , Illinois , the FIFA member governs U.S. amateur and professional soccer , including the men 's , women 's , youth , beach soccer , futsal , and Paralympic national teams . U.S. Soccer sanctions referees and soccer tournaments for most soccer leagues in the United States . The U.S. Soccer Federation also administers and operates the Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup , which was first held in 1914 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6c0bdba86eca1ea7030e7fcef4e1a211", "text": "2013–14 Manchester City F.C. season The 2013 -- 14 season is Manchester City Football Club 's 112th season of competitive football , its 85th season in the top division of English football and its 17th season in the Premier League since the league was first created , with Manchester City as one of the original 22 founder-members . The season was notable for City 's goal-scoring performances . On 18 January against Cardiff City , City became the fastest club in Premier League history to score 100 competitive goals in all competitions and the first to complete this feat before the end of January . They went on to score 156 goals in all competitions , breaking the previous goal aggregate record of 143 goals set by Manchester United in 1956 -- 57 . Their 100th Premier League goal of the season was scored in the 4 -- 0 victory over Aston Villa on 7 May 2014 . This was the first time City had scored more than 100 league goals in the top English division in a season since 1957 -- 58 . Coincidentally , their 100th goal was notable for another reason , as it became the first goal in all of English league football to be decided via the Hawk-Eye system , which had been rolled out for use in English football at the start of the season . The final tally of 102 league goals was at the time the second-highest Premier League season total and one goal short of Chelsea 's 2009 -- 10 record . This was also the first Premier League season where a team had three individual players each score more than 15 league goals ( Yaya Touré , Sergio Agüero and Edin Džeko ) City recorded their first silverware of the Manuel Pellegrini era on 2 March 2014 , when they lifted the Football League Cup . In doing so , they became the first Manchester City side to lift the famous three-handled trophy since 1976 . Then , on 11 May 2014 , they won the Premier League for the second time in three seasons with a 2 -- 0 win over West Ham United . It was the first time that Manchester City had won two major trophies in a season since the 1969 -- 70 season , when they won the League Cup and the Cup Winners ' Cup , and concluded one of the greatest seasons in the club 's history .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "776d5d4f74ed660ac1523c8a39e08151", "text": "Manchester Regional Arena Manchester Regional Arena is a multipurpose stadium in Manchester , England , primarily used for athletics , football and rugby league .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "11f5d5119161efdeaa68ef0140983a53", "text": "Fenway Sports Group Fenway Sports Group , LLC ( FSG ) , is an American sports investment company . It is the parent company of Major League Baseball 's Boston Red Sox and Premier League soccer club Liverpool F.C. FSG was founded in 2001 as New England Sports Ventures ( NESV ) when John W. Henry joined forces with Tom Werner , Les Otten , The New York Times Company , and other investors to successfully bid for the Red Sox . NESV formally announced its name change to Fenway Sports Group in March 2011 . In addition to owning the Red Sox and Liverpool F.C. , the Boston-based limited liability company also owns the home stadiums for both teams ( Fenway Park and Anfield ) and Fenway Sports Management ( which in turn owns the Salem Red Sox of the Class A Carolina League , a minor league baseball franchise ) , plus 80 % of the New England Sports Network ( NESN ) and 50 % of Roush Fenway Racing , with cars entered ( current as of 2015 season ) in the NASCAR Sprint Cup , NASCAR Xfinity and IMSA Sports Car racing competitions . In an April 2014 article in Forbes , senior editor Kurt Badenhausen called FSG `` the most sophisticated , synergistic player in the coming age of international sports conglomerates '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e2ce9062a4c9b0b78409c391f91c8cc5", "text": "History of American football The history of American football can be traced to early versions of rugby football and association football . Both games have their origin in varieties of football played in Britain in the mid-19th century , in which a football is kicked at a goal or kicked over a line , which in turn were based on the varieties of English public school football games . American football resulted from several major divergences from association football and rugby football , most notably the rule changes instituted by Walter Camp , a Yale University and Hopkins School graduate who is considered to be the `` Father of American Football '' . Among these important changes were the introduction of the line of scrimmage , of down-and-distance rules and of the legalization of interference . In the late 19th and early 20th centuries , gameplay developments by college coaches such as Eddie Cochems , Amos Alonzo Stagg , Parke H. Davis , Knute Rockne , and Glenn `` Pop '' Warner helped take advantage of the newly introduced forward pass . The popularity of college football grew as it became the dominant version of the sport in the United States for the first half of the 20th century . Bowl games , a college football tradition , attracted a national audience for college teams . Boosted by fierce rivalries and colorful traditions , college football still holds widespread appeal in the United States . The origin of professional football can be traced back to 1892 , with William `` Pudge '' Heffelfinger 's $ 500 contract to play in a game for the Allegheny Athletic Association against the Pittsburgh Athletic Club . In 1920 the American Professional Football Association was formed . This league changed its name to the National Football League ( NFL ) two years later , and eventually became the major league of American football . Primarily a sport of Midwestern industrial towns in the United States , professional football eventually became a national phenomenon . The modern era of American football can be considered to have begun after the 1932 NFL Playoff game , which was the first American football game to feature hash marks , the legalization of the forward pass anywhere behind the line of scrimmage , the first indoor game since 1902 , and the movement of the goal posts back to goal line . Other innovations to occur immediately after 1932 , were the introduction of the AP Poll in 1934 , the tapering of the ends of the football in 1934 , the awarding of the first Heisman Trophy in 1935 , the first NFL draft in 1936 and the first televised game in 1939 . Another important event was the American football game at the 1932 Summer Olympics , which combined with a similar demonstration game at 1933 World 's Fair , led to the first College All-Star Game in 1934 , which in turn was an important factor in the growth of professional football in the United States . American football 's explosion in popularity during the second half of the 20th century can be traced to the 1958 NFL Championship Game , a contest that has been dubbed the `` Greatest Game Ever Played '' . A rival league to the NFL , the American Football League ( AFL ) , began play in 1960 ; the pressure it put on the senior league led to a merger between the two leagues and the creation of the Super Bowl , which has become the most watched television event in the United States on an annual basis .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e76d134be73ef06ec93fb7fc5024310e", "text": "History of Manchester City F.C. (1880–1928) This page chronicles the history of Manchester City in further detail from its early years in 1880 to 1928 . See Manchester City F.C. for an overview of the football club .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5f49c719e138c3c200ecc465f64095d3", "text": "1936–37 Manchester City F.C. season The 1936 -- 37 season was Manchester City F.C. 's forty-sixth season of league football .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6e52480ff30a7e7f1c7f47f68dc614c2", "text": "1979–80 Manchester United F.C. season The 1979 -- 80 season was Manchester United 's 78th season in the Football League , and their fifth consecutive season in the top division of English football . They finished the season second in the league , just two points behind champions Liverpool , and qualified for the 1980 -- 81 UEFA Cup . It was the first season at the club for new midfielder Ray Wilkins , signed in the 1979 close season for a club record fee of # 750,000 . However , United had gained a reputation for playing generally dull football under Sexton , and by the end of his third season as manager they had still yet to win a major trophy , as Liverpool ruled supreme in the English league .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "65392032384368ed2bc2b074dbcadeb4", "text": "Sports in Boston Boston , the capital city of the U.S. state of Massachusetts and largest city in the New England region of the northeastern United States , is home to several major league sports teams , including the Red Sox ( baseball ) , the Celtics ( basketball ) and the Bruins ( ice hockey ) . The New England Patriots ( American football ) and the New England Revolution ( soccer ) play at Gillette Stadium in nearby Foxborough , Massachusetts . Several Boston-area colleges and universities are also active in college athletics . Sports are a major part of the city 's culture ( as well as the culture of the Greater Boston area ) . Boston sports fans are known for their fanatical devotion to the Red Sox and knowledge of the team 's history . Fenway Park , home of the Red Sox , is the oldest ballpark in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) and holds a legendary status among baseball fans . Boston is the only city in professional sports in which all facilities are privately owned and operated . The Patriots own Gillette Stadium , the Red Sox own Fenway Park , and TD Garden is owned by Delaware North , owner of the Bruins . The Celtics rent TD Garden from Delaware North . In the 2000s , Boston 's professional teams had arguably the most successful decade in sports history , winning ten championships ( five by the Patriots , three by the Red Sox and one each by the Celtics and Bruins ) . When the Bruins won the 2011 Stanley Cup Finals , the city of Boston became the first city in the 21st century to have all four of its major professional league teams win a league championship , and it is the only city ever to have championships in all four major professional leagues within a ten-year span ( from the Patriots ' victory in February 2002 to the Bruins ' in June 2011 ) . In just ten years , between February 2002 and June 2011 , Boston 's teams completed what Sports Illustrated dubbed as the `` Grand Slam of North American sports . '' With the Patriots ' victory over the Seattle Seahawks in Super Bowl XLIX , the four major Boston-area sports teams completed a grand-slam in six years ( the 2008 Celtics , the 2011 Bruins , the 2013 Red Sox and the 2014 Patriots ) . Beyond that , several of the teams were league finalists : the Revolution four times , the Patriots twice and the Bruins and Celtics once apiece . With the Bruins reaching the 2011 Stanley Cup Finals , this allowed Boston to join Philadelphia as being the only cities to have had all of their teams play in each of the four major North American professional sports leagues ' title rounds since 2000 , following the Patriots in Super Bowls XXXVI in 2002 , XXXVIII in 2004 , XXXIX in 2005 , XLII in 2008 , XLVI in 2012 , XLIX in 2015 , and LI in 2017 and winning all of them , except Super Bowl XLII and XLVI , the Red Sox winning World Series titles in ( ending the Curse of the Bambino ) , , and , and the Celtics in the NBA Finals in and and winning in 2008 . In addition , Boston beat out Philadelphia for playing in all of the `` big '' league championship rounds in the shortest time in the new millennium , as it took 9 years for Philadelphia to achieve this feat ; Boston needed only three years and eight months . From 2004 to 2015 , all four Boston major league teams have each reached the championship rounds two times or more .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d834d60f437ee53745dab3d17ac2e362", "text": "2014–15 Manchester City F.C. season The 2014 -- 15 season is Manchester City Football Club 's 113th season of competitive football , its eighty-sixth season in the top division of English football and eighteenth season in the Premier League since the league was first created with Manchester City as one of the original 22 founder-members .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9865129d83b096bde946cf7ac7cb8f9c", "text": "Early grounds of Manchester City F.C. Before Manchester City Football Club moved into their first permanent home in Manchester , England , in 1887 , the club played at a short series of grounds which ranged from established cricket venues to bumpy fields with no stands or boundaries nor history of sporting usage . The club was founded as a philanthropic endeavour to encourage impressionable youths to commit to wholesome activities rather than falling to the local adolescent culture of alcohol and violence . The sport of football was barely 15 years from the writing of its own rulebook . The club had no immediate option of using or constructing a stadium , and thus most of their first locations were nothing more than painted lines and goalposts . As the club reformed and changed its name twice between 1880 and 1887 , soits choice of locations were a series of low-cost , short-term solutions when their current location became untenable . In 1887 , when City moved to their sixth pitch in only eight years , they had the money , ambition , reputation and stability to construct themselves a more permanent base of operations , at the stadium named Hyde Road .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "342e11e253e96c1dc85e58c9a6dd8225", "text": "Manchester F.C. Manchester F.C. may refer to one of the following association football teams : Manchester City F.C. Manchester United F.C. Manchester 62 F.C. Manchester SC F.C. United of Manchester Manchester Central F.C. Manchester Rugby Club", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bfddb4e3fdf6832148e20910f95a2381", "text": "Cleveland Browns relocation controversy The Cleveland Browns relocation controversy , sometimes referred to by fans as `` The Move '' , was the decision by then-Browns owner Art Modell to move the Cleveland Browns of the National Football League ( NFL ) from its long-time home of Cleveland to Baltimore during the 1995 NFL season . Subsequent legal actions by the city of Cleveland and Browns season ticket holders led to a compromise that saw the Browns history , records , and intellectual property remain in Cleveland , while Modell was permitted to move to Baltimore and establish the Baltimore Ravens , who are officially regarded as a 1996 expansion team . The city of Cleveland agreed to demolish Cleveland Stadium and build a new stadium on the same site , and the NFL agreed to reactivate the Browns by the 1999 season through either an expansion draft or a relocated franchise . The Browns were officially reactivated in 1998 through the expansion process and resumed play in 1999 . The compromise between Cleveland , the NFL , and Modell was a first in North American professional sports . The compromise has been cited in other franchise moves and agreements , including those in the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) , National Hockey League ( NHL ) , Major League Soccer ( MLS ) , and Major League Baseball ( MLB ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1162e1f8359349a3b62c80724d0f923e", "text": "List of Coventry City F.C. records and statistics Coventry City F.C. is an English professional association football club based in Coventry . The club was founded as Singers F.C. in 1883 and turned professional in 1893 , before joining the Football League in 1920 . In 1898 the club was renamed Coventry City . Coventry City currently play in the Football League One , the third tier of English football . They were relegated out of the top tier for the first time in 34 years in 2001 . This list encompasses the major honours won by Coventry City and records set by the club , their managers and their players . The player records section includes details of the club 's leading goalscorers and those who have made most appearances in first-team competitions . It also records notable achievements by Coventry City players on the international stage , and the highest transfer fees paid and received by the club . The club 's attendance records , both at Ricoh Arena , their home since 2005 , and Highfield Road , their home from 1899 to 2005 , are also included in the list .", "title": "" } ]	fever
b2f9f85fd8a78ccf2352ee802ba0fec9	Nina Simone was enrolled in Juilliard.	[ { "docid": "a10e97350c98b8e0ac8ab5b8e2f94c74", "text": "Nina Simone Nina Simone ( -LSB- ˈniːnə_sᵻˈmoʊn -RSB- born Eunice Kathleen Waymon ; February 21 , 1933 -- April 21 , 2003 ) was an American singer , songwriter , pianist , arranger , and activist in the Civil Rights Movement . Simone employed a broad range of musical styles including classical , jazz , blues , folk , R&B , gospel , and pop . Born in North Carolina , the sixth child of a preacher , Waymon aspired to be a concert pianist . With the help of a few supporters in her hometown of Tryon , North Carolina , she enrolled in the Juilliard School of Music in New York . Waymon then applied for a scholarship to study at the prestigious Curtis Institute of Music in Philadelphia , where she was denied despite a well-received audition . Waymon became fully convinced this rejection had been entirely due to her race , a statement that has been a matter of controversy . Years later , two days before her death , the Curtis Institute of Music bestowed on her an honorary degree . To make a living , Eunice Waymon changed her name to `` Nina Simone '' . The change related to her need to disguise herself from family members , having chosen to play `` the devil 's music '' or `` cocktail piano '' at a nightclub in Atlantic City . She was told in the nightclub that she would have to sing to her own accompaniment , and this effectively launched her career as a jazz vocalist . Simone recorded more than 40 albums , mostly between 1958 , when she made her debut with Little Girl Blue , and 1974 . She had a hit in the United States in 1958 with `` I Loves You , Porgy '' . Simone 's musical style fused gospel and pop with classical music , in particular Johann Sebastian Bach , and accompanied expressive , jazz-like singing in her contralto voice .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "eca6b878d58343dd16a6c73a6770a25c", "text": "Simone Egeriis Simone Egeriis ( born January 28 , 1992 ) , better known as simply Simone , is a Danish pop singer . She was born and raised in Slagelse , Denmark . She is known in Denmark for winning the Danish TV talent show Scenen er din ( ` The Stage is Yours ' ) in the category Junior Singing . She has since released three studio albums - her debut was called Vindens Farver or Colours of the Wind , the song from Disney 's Pocahontas , with which she won Scenen er Din . She also plays the violin and the piano .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a6a79d5159eee54d336404ababb5be40", "text": "The Harlem School of the Arts Harlem School of the Arts ( HSA ) in Harlem , New York was founded in 1964 by soprano Dorothy Maynor , and offers its programs to students of all ages . Mezzo-soprano Betty Allen succeeded Maynor as President in 1979 when a new 37,000 square foot facility designed by Ulrich Franzen was completed . Other Presidents include Allicia Adams , Camille Akjeu , and Daryl Durham . In August 2015 , new President and CEO , Eric G. Pryor , was named . According to its website , the mission of the Harlem School of the Arts is `` to enrich the lives of children and their families in the Harlem community and beyond , through exposure to and instruction in the arts . '' In 2005 , the school was among 406 New York City arts and social service institutions to receive part of a $ 20 million grant from the Carnegie Corporation , which was made possible through a donation by New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg . Harlem School of the Arts was able to weather the financial crisis experienced in 2010 , and stabilize its fiscal position due to a generous gift of 6 million dollars from the Herb Alpert Foundation . Now HSA stands poise to implement sustainable business model , under the leadership of Board Chairman Charles J. Hamilton , Jr. , Esq. , Vice Chair Janice Savin Williams , and newly appointed President , Eric G. Pryor . This notable performing arts institution celebrated its 50th anniversary in 2015 . The school offers courses in four disciplines ; music , theatre , visual arts , and dance . Courses in music include classical , jazz , gospel , R & B , electronic and world music . Dance courses including ballet , modern , ethnic , jazz , and tap dance . In addition to theater classes , the visual art department offers courses which include sculpture , and photography ( digital and film ) . The school 's students are of diverse cultural backgrounds , and tuition is relatively inexpensive in contrast to similar educational institutions in the United States . HSA provides financial aid on a first-come , first-served basis through the generous donations on the Herb Alpert Foundation and other generous benefactors .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "521f084fa5ff6bfce805d2e47d323e4c", "text": "Tutu Puoane Tutu Puoane is a South African Jazz singer . Born May 31 , 1979 in the township of Atteridgeville , Pretoria but grew up in the township of Mamelodi , Pretoria -RSB- . By 1997 she had already been performing in Johannesburg downtown . Realizing her passion for singing , Tutu went on to study jazz vocals at the University of Cape Town with Jelena Reveshin and Virginia Davids . She received several awards from major South African jazz competitions . In 2000 she won the old mutual jazz encounters for Cape region and in 2001 she received a merit award for young promising talent at the Daimler Chrysler South African jazz competition . When she completed her vocal studies at the music college of the University of Cape , a recording contract from a major South African music record label was already offered to her but she turned it down . She accepted a greater opportunity offered by Dutch pianist Jack van Poll -- who was living and teaching in Cape Town at the time -- to go and study in Europe and enhance her career as a jazz vocalist and a performer . In 2002 September , Tutu moved to Europe and stayed in The Netherlands studying further for almost two years at the royal conservatory of The Hague ( Netherlands ) with Rachel Gould -RSB- . She then relocated to Antwerp in Belgium , her current home where she 's working steadily on her career . Tutu was the recipient of the standard bank young artist of the year award for music in 2004 . She released two albums with her Europe band , first album called `` song '' 2007 and second album called `` quiet now '' in 2009 which won the SAMA Award for the 2010 Best Traditional Jazz Album . Both albums were received very well internationally which led to Miss Puoane 's receiving an invite from the Brussels Jazz Orchestra to work with them . The musical journey between Tutu and Brussels Jazz Orchestra resulted in to a creation of an album titled `` mama Africa '' celebrating the Music Icon Miriam Makeba ; this album scored them a SAMA for Best Traditional Jazz Album of 2011 . Tutu 's musical journey has landed all over the world in countries like Italy , Germany , Belgium , The Netherlands , France , Luxemburg , Switzerland and USA . http://www.saphrane.com/puoane.htm", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ee3bb8c61d8948edfd786032be8d0e60", "text": "Claude Chalhoub Claude Chalhoub ( -LSB- ) born in Qaa , Lebanon in 1974 , from a Christian musical family of 11 children , attended the Lebanese Conservatoire before entering the Royal College of Music in London as winner of the prestigious Queen Elizabeth Scholarship award . He is fluent in Classical Western music and Arabic improvisation , and was concertmaster for Daniel Barenboim 's ` West-Eastern Divan Orchestra ' ( 1999 - 2002 ) . Furthermore , he was invited by Yo-Yo Ma to Tanglewood/USA to support him in his Silk Road Project . His debut release on Teldec Classics International called Claude Chalhoub is the result of an exclusive recording contract with Canadian producer Michael Brook . The compositions consist of western classical elements being blended into a more Indian/Arabic flavor , with the addition of ethnic percussion and electronic effects . Claude Chalhoub plays on a Stradivarius from the Stradivari Society also featuring vocals from Farrukh Fateh Ali Khan . His second album Diwan exclusively in the sphere of classical music was produced by Herzog Records in collaboration with the Gewandhausorchester of Leipzig , Germany . The album offers original compositions for violin solo and orchestra with baroque & oriental sound images . In 2015 , he produced the DVD Marionettes Dance , directed by Boris Penth in collaboration with the University of Music & Performing Arts of Vienna , Austria . As a violinist Claude Chalhoub has performed the classical repertoire for violin as well as his own music world-wide and with the most renowned orchestra 's and magnificent musicians , including the Symphony Orchestra 's of London , Halle and Holland , Michael Brook , Farrukh Fateh Ali Khan , Tobias Koch , Calefax Reed Quintet , The Edmond Chamber Players to name a few . His repertoire includes Beethoven , Mozart , Khachaturian , Brahms , Bruch Violin Concerto , Korngold Violin Concerto , his own arrangement of Mendelson Violin Concerto in E . An example of his international versatility was a collaboration with the Holland Symfonia and the Dutch National Ballet who played & danced to his music at the Concertgebouw in Amsterdam . As a composer , he is well known to the film as well . His compositions are used in ` America Undercover , Persona non grata -- Oliver Stone ( 2003 ) ' , ` Yes -- Sally Potter ( 2004 ) ' or ` Into the Wild -- Sean Penn ( 2007 ) ` , he was commissioned by ` Koran by heart -- Greg Barker ( 2011 ) ` and playing the solos in ` India : Kingdom of the Tiger -- Bruce Neibaur ( 2002 ) , ` Caramel -- Nadine Labaki ( 2007 ) ` and ` Where do we go now -- Nadine Labaki ( 2011 ) ' . In 2012 , he composed and arranged the latest of Majida El Roumi 's albums ` Ghazal ' . After many years in Beirut working among others as Dean of the chamber music department at the Lebanese National Higher Conservatory of Music he now lives in Vienna , Austria . A film biography on Chalhoub 's life and career called ` Singing on the Violin ' by German director Boris Penth ( 2007 ) has been broadcast internationally , among others on TV channels WDR , 3Sat , Bayerischer Rundfunk , ABC1 , Arte , Euro arts , www.medici.tv , etc. .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b04161fffd309136a4a9a120f4c3946b", "text": "Simone Sello Simone Sello ( born July 4 , 1968 ) is an Italian born guitarist , music producer , songwriter and music journalist . He is known for his work with the Sanremo Festival Orchestra , Chicanery , Billy Sheehan , Aaron Carter , Disney , Hannah Montana , Vasco Rossi , Amber Lily , and Warren Cuccurullo , both as a producer and guitarist ; and as a journalist for the magazines Chitarre , Strumenti Musicali , Accordo and Ganzo . He is an owner of music production companies RedRum Productions , Session Recording and MusicDemoProducer.com , with each company oriented towards a distinct clientele . RedRum Productions is geared towards contemporary music production for artists , film and TV ; Session Recording mostly caters to projects outside the Los Angeles area , and MusicDemoProducer.com aims to bring a simplified approach to professional music production to any user , over the web . His musical upbringing is based on classical violin studies , as well as watching and hearing his father play guitar , but he never took a formal guitar lesson , in spite of his career as a guitar player . His influences include major classical and jazz composers and performers , ( Bach , Ravel , Miles Davis , Weather Report ) , pop and rock acts ( The Beatles , David Bowie , Pink Floyd , Metallica , Lucio Battisti ) , and experimental artists ( Luciano Berio , Brian Eno , Terje Rypdal , Klaus Schulze ) . Equally interested in performing , composing and producing music , Simone started getting hired to play guitar for recording sessions and live performances by artists in his hometown Rome when he was 17 years old , and eventually became known on a national level . While building a long list of musical collaborations , he started writing articles for magazines , thus achieving a different kind of exposure , still in the music field . At the age of 29 , he moved to Los Angeles to push his musician and journalist careers , by joining a big international scene .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aed2fbe10ed8c4fb249fc6c165723d28", "text": "Abigail Levine Abigail Levine , a New York-based dance and performance artist . Levine has created works for opera and theaters -- as well as for subway stations , sidewalks , swimming pools , airports , office buildings -- in New York City , Washington DC , Havana , São Paulo , Mexico City , Caracas , and Taipei . Recent commissions and productions include : Benjamin Britten 's The Turn of the Screw for Lorin Maazel 's Chateauville Foundation ( conducted by Maazel at the Kennedy Center ) ; `` Slow Falls '' presented by the 2011 Movement Research Festival ; `` Porta Sem Parede '' created during the Lugarização Residency in São Paulo ; Any Closer produced by Dixon Place and the Puffin Foundation and performed on sidewalks in Brooklyn , Queens , the Bronx and Manhattan ; If You See Something , a dance for subway stations performed in the subway systems of New York City and Caracas , Venezuela ; Bernstein 's Trouble in Tahiti and Bizet 's Le Docteur Miracle for the Manhattan Opera Theater ; and Desatar , a commissioned work for 14 dancers from Cuba 's national dance company , Danza Contemporanea de Cuba . Levine has performed recently with Marina Abramović in her retrospective at the New York MoMA , with performance artist Carolee Schneemann , and with choreographers including : Jennifer Monson , koosil-ja hwang , Alan Good , Marianela Boán , Pat Catterson , Larissa Velez , Despina Stamos , Pele Bauch , Wendy Osserman and the Denishawn Repertory Dancers . Her writings on dance have been published by the Movement Research Performance Journal , e-misférica , Cuba Update and CubaNow . Levine trained at New York 's High School of Performing Arts , the Alvin Ailey American Dance Center , Jacob 's Pillow Dance Festival , The Place and Middlesex University in London , and with Danza Contemporánea de Cuba in Havana . She graduated from Wesleyan University with a degree in English and is completing a Masters at NYU in Dance and Performance Studies .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e8a4b5c0234e070e81432b3a4b984a8b", "text": "Ronan Magill Ronan Magill ( born Sheffield , UK , 1954 ) is a British concert pianist and composer . Born to Irish parents in Sheffield , Ronan Magill was a pupil at Ampleforth College , the prominent Catholic boarding school in North Yorkshire . Having begun to study with Fanny Waterman , he met Benjamin Britten , who , impressed by his abilities , became the young Magill 's mentor ( `` I was amazed at his general musicality and intelligence and his is a remarkable gift '' ) . This relationship lasted until Britten 's death in 1976 . Magill was among the first intake of students at the Yehudi Menuhin School , where he was taught by Marcel Gazelle . As a student at the Royal College of Music , Magill studied with David Parkhouse and John Barstow ( piano ) and Philip Cannon ( composition ) . While at the College , he was awarded all the major prizes for both disciplines , finally graduating with the Hopkinson Gold Medal for piano and the Cobbett prize for composition . After his Wigmore Hall and South Bank debuts in 1974 , Magill moved to Paris to study with Yvonne Lefebure at the Conservatoire ; while there , he won the Premier Prix for piano , and in the years that followed made a number of appearances on French radio and television . His later teachers include Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli , Pierre Sancan and Nikita Magaloff . In 1985 Magill was the winner of the First Milosz Magin International Piano Competition for Polish Music ( this led to a well-received tour of Poland ) ; in 1990 he was chosen to assist Mstislav Rostropovich in the preparations for his Jubilee concert . Magill 's second international competition victory was in 1994 , when he won the Third British Contemporary Piano Competition . This led to appearances throughout the UK , including one at the 1995 Huddersfield International Contemporary Music Festival , where he performed with the English Northern Philharmonia conducted by Paul Daniel . Since then he has given recitals at the South Bank , and concerto performances with the Royal Philharmonic and Philharmonia Orchestras , recitals at the South Bank , concertos with the Royal Philharmonic and Philharmonia Orchestras , and recitals at the Lichfield and Abbotsbury Festivals and the AL Bustan Festival in Beirut . In 1999 Magill performed Mozart 's Piano Concerto K595 with the Belmont Ensemble at the Queen Elizabeth Hall . In recent years , Ronan Magill has visited the Canterbury and Deal Festivals ( 2004 ) , and made his first appearance in Japan ( 2005 ) . He returned to Japan in 2006 and 2007 , and was due to play there again in May 2009 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ed14c208101e78226d3639f076bff18b", "text": "Al Copley Al Copley ( born Alman LeGrande Copley , 1952 , Buffalo , New York ) is a blues pianist who co-founded the American jump blues band Roomful of Blues with guitarist Duke Robillard in Westerly , Rhode Island in 1967 . In 1974 Count Basie called Roomful `` the hottest blues band I 've ever heard '' . In 1975 Roomful signed a recording contract with Island Records , thanks to support from Doc Pomus . After 16 years and 7 albums with Roomful , Copley relocated to Europe in 1984 , where he still travels and performs extensively . Strongly influenced by the music of Big Joe Turner , Copley 's solo style spans several genres and defies categorisation , including ( but certainly not limited to ) swing , boogie-woogie and barrelhouse . Live performances are characterised by their energy and Copley 's acrobatic approach to piano performance , in the style of Jerry Lee Lewis . Copley has performed and recorded with Lou Rawls , The Fabulous Thunderbirds , Stevie Ray Vaughan , Ruth Brown , Jimmy Witherspoon , Snooks Eaglin , John Hammond Jr. , Big Mama Thornton , George `` Harmonica '' Smith , Otis Rush , Big Walter Horton , Helen Humes , Benny Waters , Hal Singer , Arnett Cobb , Scott Hamilton , Big Jay McNeely , Roy `` Good Rockin '' Brown and a host of others .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0b856f52cf98ea3c2c6777c47ce7c66a", "text": "Piano bar A piano bar ( also known as a piano lounge ) consists of a piano or electronic keyboard played by a professional musician , located in a cocktail lounge , bar , hotel lobby , office building lobby , restaurant , or on a cruise ship . Usually the pianist receives a small salary plus tips in a jar or basket on or near the piano , especially from patrons requesting a song traditionally written on a beverage napkin . Some piano bars feature a baby grand or grand piano surrounded by stools for patrons ( or , somewhat humorously , an upright piano covered by a counter that makes it appear to be a grand piano ) . Others have a bar surrounding the piano or keyboard . Jimmy Durante started as a piano bar player , as did Billy Joel . Joel 's classic hit `` Piano Man '' is based on his experiences as a piano bar player . Italian tenor Andrea Bocelli also played in piano bars to pay for singing lessons . Theatre historian John Kenrick describes the piano bar as follows : A piano bar is a hybrid creature : part performance space , part living room , part cruise-a-thon , and part saloon . The bar is there to sell drinks , the pianist is there to perform , and the crowd is there to sing , listen , drink and socialize . All of this means that it 's impossible to predict what a given evening 's chemistry will be , even if most of the people on hand are regular customers ... . While every factor counts , the most important issue is the person at the piano . The pianist determines the type of music , the style of performance , and the general tone of the evening ... . The experienced piano bar player knows how to take genial control of most any situation and generally keep the party going . The American minimalist composer Terry Riley , who worked as a cocktail pianist when younger , later offered this `` religious '' view of the profession : Having worked for years as a lounge lizard , I was smitten with the insight that the cocktail pianist is signaled out to conduct his ritual of group urban chanting on the themes of love and existence -- a kind of medicine man at the ever-present altaric piano , surrounded by his boozy tribe sipping sacraments in the circle of our common misery . The Manhattan Association of Cabarets & Clubs presents annually several awards , MAC Awards , for piano bar performers : Piano Bar Instrumentalist , Restaurant/Hotel Lounge Instrumentalist , Piano Bar/Restaurant Singing Entertainer -- male and female .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a0c12986ab4e2088d77e7c35f1b9ffbc", "text": "Roland and Almita Vamos Roland and Almita Vamos are a husband and wife who are among the leading violin and viola instructors in the world . Their pupils have become prominent soloists , members of world-renowned chamber groups and orchestras , and laureates of prestigious international competitions . The Vamoses have been recognized at the White House seven times and were named Distinguished Teachers by the National Endowment for the Arts . They have been honored by the American String Teachers Association ( ASTA ) with the Distinguished Service Award , and showcased on CBS ' Sunday Morning News . Roland Vamos studied with Oscar Shumsky and William Lincer at the Juilliard School . Almita Vamos studied with Mischa Mischakoff and Louis Persinger at the Juilliard School . A performing artist of the highest caliber , she won the prestigious Concert Artist Guild award in New York City along with many other prizes . Dr. and Mrs. Vamos are members of the faculty at the Music Institute of Chicago and the Chicago College of Performing Arts . Prior to their position at the Chicago College of Performing Arts , they were on faculty at Northwestern , and at Oberlin Conservatory of Music .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "86efee386a2e713bdf6f470bdd737344", "text": "Pablo Elvira Pablo Elvira ( September 24 , 1937 -- February 5 , 2000 ) was a Puerto Rican baritone . Elvira was born in San Juan , Puerto Rico , and began his musical career playing jazz trumpet there , with his uncle , Rafael Elvira , in his orchestra , he continued in his father 's band and later started his own band who played at the Hotel San Juan . In 1966 , he joined the voice faculty of the Indiana University School of Music ; during his eight years there he performed baritone roles in many of the school 's opera productions . In 1974 , Elvira made his first appearance with the New York City Opera . He debuted at the Metropolitan Opera in 1978 and performed there over 100 times during the next 12 years in works by Rossini , Donizetti , Verdi , Puccini , Berlioz and Leoncavallo . Elvira maintained his primary residence in Bozeman , Montana , and was a strong supporter of opera in that state .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c438c36245ec1a18272c6446790f1331", "text": "Pontifical Academy of Fine Arts and Letters of the Virtuosi al Pantheon The Pontifical Academy of Fine Arts and Letters of the Virtuosi al Pantheon is one of the Pontifical Academies under the direction of the Holy See . The complete Italian name of the academy , Pontificia Insigne Accademia di Belle Arti e Letteratura dei Virtuosi al Pantheon , includes the adjective insigne ( illustrious ) , often omitted in official English translations . The term Virtuosi al Pantheon ( virtuosos of the Pantheon ) is also usually left untranslated , but , in any event , should not be taken in the English musical sense of `` virtuoso '' but rather `` artists of great merit '' . The Pantheon in Rome was the historical home of the academy . The term `` academy '' is meant in the Renaissance definition of the term as an association of learned persons and not an institution of instruction .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d4ed3a7866539db05d43a63dab0060c1", "text": "Jordan Hall Jordan Hall is a 1,019-seat concert hall in Boston , Massachusetts , the principal performance space of the New England Conservatory . It is one block from Boston 's Symphony Hall , and together they are considered two of America 's most acoustically perfect performance spaces . It is the only conservatory building in the United States to be designated a National Historic Landmark . The hall opened in 1903 , as a gift of Eben D. Jordan II , a Conservatory trustee and a Jordan of the Jordan Marsh retail store . Its architect was Edmund M. Wheelwright of Boston 's Wheelwright & Haven , who later designed nearby Horticultural Hall . The hall 's unusual square floor plan reflects its underlying plot of land but despite its shape , the hall has excellent acoustics , and all seats on both the main floor and horseshoe-shaped balcony have unobstructed views of the stage . The hall 's prominent organ is modeled upon one found in a church within the former hospital complex of Santa Maria della Scala in Siena , now a museum . The dedication concert of Jordan Hall , performed by the Boston Symphony Orchestra , took place on October 20 , 1903 , and created quite a stir . Effusive newspaper accounts deemed the hall `` unequaled the world over , '' and the Boston Globe reported that it was `` a place of entertainment that European musicians who were present that evening say excels in beauty anything of the kind they ever saw . '' Even a decade later , it describes itself as an `` imposing Conservatory Building '' . Jordan Hall has won numerous awards since its restoration in 1995 , including the 1996 Massachusetts Historical Commission Preservation Award , the Victorian Society in America 's Preservation Commendation , the 1996 Boston Preservation Alliance Award , the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America Award of Merit , and the Illuminating Engineering Society 1996 Lumen Award . The Conservatory 's main building , which includes Jordan Hall , was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980 and designated a National Historic Landmark in 1994 ; in both cases the name used is New England Conservatory of Music . Innumerable performances have taken place in Jordan Hall , including some 650 student performances a year as well as appearances by virtually every important classical musician of the past century . That list includes performers Nadia Boulanger , Pablo Casals , the Martha Graham Dance Company , James Galway , pianists Cyril Scott , Ferruccio Busoni , Angela Hewitt , Radu Lupu , Rudolf Serkin , Richard Goode , Krystian Zimerman , Garrick Ohlsson , Yundi Li , clarinetist Richard Stoltzman and violinist Isaac Stern ; vocalists Marian Anderson , Peter Pears , Dawn Upshaw , Ben Heppner , David Daniels , and Lorraine Hunt Lieberson ; guitarists Andrés Segovia , Christopher Parkening , Julian Bream , and Sérgio and Odair Assad ; conductors Arthur Fiedler and Kurt Masur ; composers Béla Bartók , Benjamin Britten , John Cage , Olivier Messiaen , and Aaron Copland ; jazz legends Stan Getz and Benny Goodman ; The Yale Whiffenpoofs ; and the Budapest , Juilliard , Guarneri and Tokyo string quartets . Jordan Hall is home to From the Top , a National Public Radio classical music show hosted by New England Conservatory alumnus Christopher O'Riley . In addition , the Boston Modern Orchestra Project , New England String Ensemble , Festival Youth Orchestra , the Boston Civic Symphony , and the Boston Philharmonic play many of their concerts at Jordan Hall . In 1973 , The New England Ragtime Ensemble , then a student group called The New England Conservatory Ragtime Ensemble , recorded their Grammy Award-winning album `` The Red Back Book '' on the Jordan Hall stage .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "92bc3607699096d746dd3d4628612691", "text": "Carol Wincenc Carol Wincenc ( pronounced win-sense ) ( born June 29 , 1949 ) is an American flutist based in New York City . She is known for her solo and chamber music performances and her support of new music for flute . She is on the faculty of the Juilliard School and Stony Brook University .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1f3d4817589a7557e088bb00430aa168", "text": "New Orleans soul New Orleans soul is a musical style derived from the soul music which has a large influence of the Gospel ( music ) . New Orleans soul has ingredients of pop music and soul and is influenced by boogie-woogie style . The songs always are accompanied by a piano and a saxophone . Guitars are rare in this genre . It was popularized in the postwar era in the town of Crescent . This genus stands out in its use of simple pop structures and Rock rhythms that have become very influenced by the `` second line '' and `` parade '' hits common to the city . The Caribbean music and Latin music from the 60 , that earned a great importance in the city , also inspired to this genre of Soul to develop more exotic rhythms . Are also normal midtempo rhythms . The musicians give more importance to the music and sound that to the letter , which sometimes makes no sense . The choir is always feminine , with the participation of one or two women in it .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1499e736a7ad5af6f0437a9940c6c4e7", "text": "Lev Natochenny Lev Natochenny ( Russian : Лев Наточенный ) ( born January 26 , 1950 ) is a Russian-American classical pianist and professor of piano . Born in Moscow , Natochenny graduated from the Moscow `` Tchaikovsky '' Conservatoire , where he was taught by Lev Oborin . He also studied with Boris Zemliansky and Eliso Virsaladze as well as with Alexei Lubimov ( chamber music ) and worked in the violin class with David Oistrakh . In 1978 , because of his discontent with the Soviet government 's control of the music scene , Natochenny applied for and was granted the permission to leave the USSR , which he did in 1978 . He went on to receive a Gold Medal and Second Prize at the 1981 Busoni International Piano Competition in Bolzano , Italy while he was stateless . In the West Natochenny had further study with Ania Dorfmann at the Juilliard School . He held teaching positions at the Manhattan School of Music , the Mannes College of Music ( The New School ) and the City University of New York . He now holds a Lifetime Distinguished Professor Chair at the Frankfurt University of Music and Performing Arts in Frankfurt am Main , Germany . From 1988 to 2004 Natochenny was the founder and artistic director of Meranofest International Music Festival in Meran , Italy which built a reputation as `` the summer meeting point for young pianists '' . Among his students are ECHO Music Award winners Martin Stadtfeld , Dirk Mommertz/Faur é Quartet , as well as winners of major international competitions Nami Ejiri , Soyeon Lee , Christopher Park , Evgenia Rubinova , Eugene Choi , Guoda Gedvilaite . His discography includes a Juno-nominated album of Schubert 's Schwannengesang with Canadian baritone Kevin McMillan . Other noted recordings are selections from Brahms , Schubert , Shostakovich and Schnittke . Natochenny is an American citizen and lives in New York and in Frankfurt am Main .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "59fdd9bbbbb59f3f218a1f7845d23403", "text": "Simone Mantia Simone Mantia ( 6 February 1873 -- 25 June 1951 ) was an American baritone horn/euphonium virtuoso and also trombone artist at the turn of the twentieth century . He was both a performer and administrator with many American band and orchestral ensembles . On baritone/euphonium he is often cited as the master of the instrument in his time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2ef9f6311fd26153a9f6e084211b7fab", "text": "Nina Simone at Newport Nina Simone at Newport is an album by jazz singer and musician Nina Simone . It was her second live album for Colpix , recorded at the Newport Jazz Festival on June 30 , 1960 . All arrangements were written by Nina Simone , and it was produced by Stu Phillips .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a7e3f4e690f749cb3d7df0ab4175d4a6", "text": "Nina Bouraoui Yasmina `` Nina '' Bouraoui ( Ar : نينا بو راوي , born 1967 ) is a French novelist and song-writer born in Rennes , Ille-et-Vilaine , of an Algerian father and a French mother . She spent the first fourteen years of her life in Algiers , then Zürich and Abu Dhabi . She now lives in Paris . Her novels are mostly written in the first person and , with the exception of Avant les hommes ( Before the Men ) , have been said by the author to be works of `` auto-fiction '' . This is even the case for Le Bal des Murènes ( The ball of moray eels ) , which , like Avant les hommes , has a male narrator . Since writing her first novel in 1991 , Bouraoui has affirmed the influence of Marguerite Duras in her work , although the life narratives and works many other artists are also to be found in her novels ( and songs ) . This is particularly true of Mes Mauvaises Pensées ( My Bad Thoughts ) which bears the imprint of Hervé Guibert , Annie Ernaux , David Lynch , Eileen Gray , and Violette Leduc amongst others . Questions of identity , desire , memory , writing , childhood and celebrity culture are some of the major themes of her work .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2eec4c35a4d6ce6e950bd68ee640a929", "text": "Southern Miss Symphony Orchestra The Symphony Orchestra at The University of Southern Mississippi is the oldest orchestra in Mississippi . Established in 1920 , it has been under the direction of music director Jay Dean since 1988 . The orchestra is part of the University of Southern Mississippi School of Music . The orchestra is a well-established band in the state and region and has performed with internationally known artists such as tenor Plácido Domingo ; violinist Itzhak Perlman ; cellist Yo-Yo Ma ; flutist Sir James Galway ; bassist Edgar Meyer ; trumpeter/conductor Doc Severinsen ; singer Ray Charles ; pianist John Browning ; flutist Jean-Pierre Rampal ; and soprano Denyce Graves . Guest conductors have included Leonard Slatkin and Louis Lane . The Symphony has more than 13 countries represented by its students . In addition to the musicians who comprise the performing ensembles , the symphony has one of the largest and most professionally designed collegiate orchestra staffs in the country . During the academic year , the orchestra rehearses four times a week and presents an average of eight public performances each season . These performances range from regular symphony concerts to children 's concerts , operas , ballets , and pops programs . The 80-member orchestra tours and performs concerts throughout the southeast United States . With its regularly sold-out seasons , the Southern Mississippi Symphony Orchestra is the most pulchritudinous orchestra in Mississippi .", "title": "" } ]	fever
619ea3ee7704e6a2df938c6a11b5c29e	As the World Turns was replaced by an American talk show that debuted on October 18, 2010.	[ { "docid": "7f3c0cd7d42e6b5ce994653a12070383", "text": "As the World Turns As the World Turns ( often referred to as ATWT ) is an American television soap opera that aired on CBS for 54 years from April 2 , 1956 , to September 17 , 2010 . Irna Phillips created As the World Turns as a sister show to her other soap opera Guiding Light . Running for 54 years , As the World Turns holds the second-longest continuous run of any daytime network soap opera on American television , surpassed only by Guiding Light . As the World Turns was produced for the first 43 years in Manhattan and in Brooklyn from 2000 until 2010 . Set in the fictional town of Oakdale , Illinois , the show debuted on April 2 , 1956 , at 1:30 pm EST. . Prior to that date , all serials had been 15 minutes in length . As the World Turns and The Edge of Night , which premiered on the same day at 4:30 pm EST , were the first two to be 30 minutes in length from their premiere . At first , viewers did not respond to the new half-hour serial , but ratings picked up in its second year , eventually reaching the top spot in the daytime Nielsen ratings by fall 1958 . In 1959 , the show started a streak of weekly ratings wins that was not interrupted for over 12 years . The show switched to color on August 21 , 1967 , and expanded from a half-hour in length to one hour starting on December 1 , 1975 , when The Edge of Night moved to ABC . In the year-to-date ratings , As the World Turns was the most-watched daytime drama from 1958 until 1978 , with ten million viewers tuning in each day . At its height , core actors such as Helen Wagner , Don MacLaughlin , Don Hastings , and Eileen Fulton became nationally known . Three of these actors -- Wagner , Hastings , and Fulton -- are also the three longest serving actors in the history of American soap operas . The show passed its 10,000 th episode on May 12 , 1995 , and celebrated its 50th anniversary on April 2 , 2006 . On September 18 , 2009 , As the World Turns became the last remaining Procter and Gamble-produced soap opera for CBS after Guiding Light aired its final episode on the network . On December 8 , 2009 , CBS announced that it cancelled As the World Turns after almost 54 years due to low ratings . The show taped its final Procter and Gamble scenes for CBS on June 23 , 2010 , and with a dramatic storyline finale , its final episode on the network aired on September 17 , 2010 . On October 18 , 2010 , CBS replaced As the World Turns with a newly debuted talk show The Talk .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "debce1b304f1a7569070326c3eea9145", "text": "The Talk (TV series) The Talk is an American talk show on CBS that debuted on October 18 , 2010 , as part of its CBS Daytime programming block . The show was created by actress Sara Gilbert , who also serves as an executive producer , along with John Redmann . The show is based on the British daily women 's panel show Loose Women , which has been running regularly in the United Kingdom since 1999 . Along with Gilbert , the show features Julie Chen ( who serves as the program 's moderator ) , Sharon Osbourne , Aisha Tyler , and Sheryl Underwood discussing the day 's latest headlines , while usually tying in the show 's theme of motherhood or at least parenthood , such as by giving their opinions `` through the eyes of mothers . '' It also contains celebrity interviews and segments for mothers and parents in general . The Talk is broadcast before a live studio audience at the CBS Studio Center in Studio City , California each Monday through Friday at 11:00 a.m. Pacific Time , and airs live on most CBS owned-and-operated stations and affiliates in the Eastern and Central United States at 2:00 p.m. Eastern Time ; the program is broadcast on tape delay elsewhere from the Mountain Time Zone westward . The Friday shows are recorded on Thursday afternoons at 1:00 p.m. Pacific Time for broadcast the next day , and is taped before the studio audience in attendance for the earlier live Thursday broadcast .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "d430aefdda440c9e2445d8f999eacff4", "text": "Simply KC Simply KC is Philippine TV 's weekday talk show that aired on ABS-CBN . It is hosted by KC Concepcion . It premiered on May 24 , 2010 and ended on October 22 , 2010 . It aired weekdays at 8:00 -8:30 AM ( nationwide ) on ABS-CBN and worldwide on The Filipino Channel . The show 's theme song is `` Magandang Umaga , '' sung by Concepcion .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b43d81acfd7dc4876dc68c70eb69e87a", "text": "The Howard Stern Show (WWOR) The Howard Stern Show is an American late-night television variety show , hosted by radio personality Howard Stern . It aired Saturdays , beginning at 11:00 pm , from July 14 , 1990 to August 8 , 1992 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9b51ce24f3f7fd24af90ab94374356d3", "text": "Olbermann (TV series) Olbermann is a television sports talk show hosted by Keith Olbermann on the American cable network ESPN2 . The show , broadcast live daily from Times Square Studios in New York City , premiered on August 26 , 2013 , and featured Olbermann offering commentary and analysis on issues in the sports world . Olbermann aired at 5:00 PM Eastern on ESPN2 each day . From its premiere until September 5 , 2014 , Olbermann aired at 11:00 PM Eastern ( with some exceptions ) . The move to the afternoon also saw the show reduced in length by half , airing for thirty minutes instead of sixty . ESPNEWS rebroadcast each episode of Olbermann three times following its initial airing ; at 6:30 p.m. , 2:00 a.m. , and at 5:00 a.m. On July 10 , 2015 , two days after ESPN declined to renew his expiring contract , Olbermann announced on air that the series would be coming to an end on July 24 . The announcement came after The Hollywood Reporter claimed that ESPN wanted Olbermann to tone down his critical commentary , but the network claimed the move was to cut costs related to Olbermann 's salary and the use of the space at Times Square Studios , claims later confirmed by an aborted move of Mike & Mike to the same facility and releases of other network talent at the end of their contracts throughout 2015 and into 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b7c04f7971655018648d2d5e94ba68d6", "text": "Ari Louis Ari Louis ( born March 26 , 1983 ) is an Israeli-American talk show host who came into prominence with the founding of Israel Sports Radio in the summer of 2010 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "378f91d38464cdc5336a4e4b11b71a33", "text": "BET Tonight BET Tonight was an American talk show hosted by Tavis Smiley originally from ( 1998-2001 ) , and subsequently Ed Gordon . It aired on the BET network .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4d15ca3b5167fc9c38575328bc0b3213", "text": "Tech News Today Tech News Today , or TNT for short , is a podcast with discussions of new stories in conversation with journalists . The netcast is part of the TWiT Network . The show premiered on June 1 , 2010 . It was originally hosted by Tom Merritt for the first 912 episodes of the show . Becky Worley co-hosted the show from 2010 to 2012 . At the end of 2015 , Jason Howell and Megan Morrone took over the co-hosting duties for the show .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5b2de18ee60d25fe579db7451e9ee116", "text": "Ice & Coco Ice & Coco is an American syndicated entertainment talk show hosted by Ice-T and Coco Austin . The series premiered on August 3 , 2015 , and received a three-week test run .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0d60e72b084587e5f0ef953ad7deebed", "text": "The Joan Rivers Show The Joan Rivers Show is an American talk show hosted by comedian Joan Rivers that premiered on September 5 , 1989 in broadcast syndication . The show aired for five seasons and ended on December 31 , 1993 . The show was nominated for numerous Emmy Awards , with Rivers winning the Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Talk Show Host in 1990 . The series was produced by PGHM Productions , Joan Rivers 's production company , and distributed by Tribune Entertainment . Rivers had previously hosted late-night talk show entitled The Late Show with Joan Rivers which got canceled in May 1987 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8992d417c8e51094ecc3690cf6111768", "text": "Will Munson William `` Will '' Harold Ryan Munson is a fictional character on the CBS soap opera As the World Turns . He was portrayed by Jesse Soffer on recurring basis from September 2004 to March 2005 , after which he got a contract as a regular . Soffer left the show on April 4 , 2008 and made a brief return in July 2010 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e8541267e08cf6e4ae492902069487f2", "text": "The CBS Late Movie The CBS Late Movie is a CBS television series ( later known as CBS Late Night ) during the 1970s and 1980s . The program ran in most American television markets from 11:30 p.m. ( EST ) until 2:30 a.m. or later , on weeknights . A single announcer ( in the early years , CBS staff announcer Norm Stevens ) voiced the introduction and commercial bumpers for each program , but there was no host per se , or closing credits besides those of the night 's presentation . ( The bumpers announcing the stars of the movie notably rotated names , two or three at a time , so more of the players would be mentioned . ) The program was launched following the cancellation of The Merv Griffin Show , CBS 's late-night talk show from 1969 to 1972 . The show went on to have a long run in first-run syndication following CBS 's cancellation . The CBS Late Movie theme music was `` So Old , So Young '' by Morton Stevens , which also served as the theme music for CBS 's prime-time movies until 1978 . A memorable aspect to the show 's commercial breaks was the frequent appearance of public service announcements , from the Ad Council and other organizations , that often dealt with `` mature '' topics such as venereal disease , sexual and violent crimes , and abuse of hard drugs . Announcements also ran in much greater proportion than during prime time , with commercial breaks lasting longer ; it was not uncommon for the second portion of the show to start at 12:05 AM or 12:40 AM . The CBS Late Night block , however , was not always cleared by every affiliate of the network ; in several markets , the block was either delayed by one hour from its regularly-scheduled time ( most notably in the Central and Mountain time zones ) , picked up by a local independent station ( including those that later affiliated with the Fox television network ) , or not seen at all in certain cities . Those stations that did not carry CBS Late Night instead broadcast movies from their own libraries and/or their own lineup of off-network syndicated sitcoms , drama reruns and first-run syndication products . A large factor in the programming decisions of many CBS affiliates electing not to clear CBS Late Night ( or delaying it ) was due to head-to-head competition with NBC 's The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson , and later entering the 1980s , ABC News ' Nightline . It was not until 1993 , when the Late Show with David Letterman debuted , that CBS ' late night programming ( excluding Nightwatch/Up to the Minute ) was cleared across the entire network .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "023cf7510e6d24440d5256d8021f7d62", "text": "As the Stomach Turns `` As the Stomach Turns '' is a series of comedy sketches parodying the soap opera As the World Turns featured on The Carol Burnett Show , with one installment airing on Carol Burnett & Company . The sketch was created by show writers Kenny Solms and Gail Parent . The Carol Burnett Show introduced the series during its first season in 1967 -- 68 and continued to air new installments for the remainder of its 11-season run , through its final season in 1977 -- 78 . However , the final installment of `` As the Stomach Turns '' would not air until September 8 , 1979 , on a different four-week summer series titled Carol Burnett & Company . This was the only installment of `` As the Stomach Turns '' that did not air on The Carol Burnett Show which had completed its run almost a year and a half earlier on March 29 , 1978 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "018ab38b207455dd59d5de17779acf59", "text": "The A-List: New York The A-List : New York is an American reality television series from the LGBT-interest network Logo which ran from October 4 , 2010 to October 17 , 2011 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "32c2aa9068ebce4cc6f5247044d56dde", "text": "Changing Lanes (TV series) Changing Lanes is an American reality series that aired from September 10 until October 20 , 2010 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e688d1cfba295e3867c675e2d77cd792", "text": "Chelsea (TV series) Chelsea is an American web television late-night talk show hosted by comedian Chelsea Handler . The show debuted on May 11 , 2016 and streams Wednesday , Thursday , and Friday each week worldwide . There will be 90 episodes of the talk show per year and each episode will be 30 minutes . The show tapes Monday , Tuesday , and Wednesday of each week that it airs . It is Netflix 's first talk show . The show covers `` real topics '' with a sense of humor like Chelsea Does , with guest celebrities . Her comedic partner Chuy will not be a part of the series . The show will have a global outlook as Handler said , `` Netflix makes me able to do stories that are global , and it makes me able to pay attention to the stuff that does interest me in a way that will be able to be disseminated into all these different countries . '' In July 2016 , it was announced that the show has been renewed for a 90-episode second season , which began on April 14 , 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fb77f162684d44ec372715d5b2e1c6b9", "text": "Star Jones (TV series) Star Jones is a talk show hosted by former prosecutor Star Jones . A guest-driven live broadcast ( with taped segments ) covering recent stories from the worlds of pop culture , entertainment , crime , and justice , it premiered on August 20 , 2007 on Court TV . On January 31 , 2008 TruTV announced the show would be canceled . The last episode aired on February 1 , 2008 . The premiere included a discussion of the pros and cons of the CBS reality series Kid Nation and an interview with actor Isaiah Washington . Geraldo Rivera , Shaun Robinson of Access Hollywood , Dr. Marc Lamont Hill , and former CBS morning host Rene Syler were additional guests . Jones ended the program with an `` open letter '' , a regular segment in which she addresses the audience with a closing statement a la Jerry Springer . In his review in Variety , Brian Lowry described Jones as `` utterly off-putting ... delivering yet another reminder that Oprah Winfrey 's skills are n't easily cloned . '' He referred to her `` scant facility for moderating but an unerring knack for uttering non sequiturs '' and added , `` It 's possible , of course , that Jones and her team will gradually revise the formula to better suit her limitations , but at this point , what she cloyingly refers to as `` the Star treatment '' is , in reality , strictly a third-class affair ... Jones appears poorly cast and will need a TV makeover to linger beyond Court 's name switch to TruTV in January . '' The one-hour program aired weekdays at 3:00 pm ET/PT .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f2ce8b7232f6ff311e92a8640cdabe98", "text": "Al Rantel Al Rantel ( born October 14 , 1955 ) is a conservative talk show host . Rantel 's most recent contract was with KABC radio , Los Angeles , California . He retired for medical reasons in June , 2009 . Rantel is unusual in being an outspoken conservative who is openly gay . He worked in Florida for many years prior to moving to KABC , and has appeared as a pundit on television news and discussion programs . Rantel received the opportunity to work in Los Angeles at radio station KABC due to the encouragement of another East Coast transplanted talk host , Tom Leykis . Rantel previously worked for Los Angeles station KNX and Florida stations WINZ , WNWS , and WFTL . Starting January 2012 , Rantel can be heard once a week ( either Tuesday or Thursday ) on The Marc Germain Show , on TalkRadioOne.com", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d3127d2ce9db188586c949584e9ab7ce", "text": "The Jay Leno Show The Jay Leno Show is an American talk show created by and starring Jay Leno . Premiering on NBC on September 14 , 2009 , the program aired on weeknights at 10:00 p.m. ET/PT through February 9 , 2010 . The program was modeled upon the format of a late night talk show -- specifically , Jay Leno 's incarnation of The Tonight Show , opening with a comedic monologue , followed by interviews with celebrity guests and other comedy segments . Sketches from The Tonight Show ( including Headlines and Jaywalking ) were carried over to The Jay Leno Show , along with new sketches . The program was the result of a compromise by NBC Universal 's then-CEO Jeff Zucker to keep Jay Leno with the company following his retirement from The Tonight Show and replacement with Conan O'Brien . The Jay Leno Show was also intended to provide NBC with an alternative to the high-cost scripted dramas aired by competing networks in its time slot ; the network believed that the lower cost of production , in combination with product placement deals , meant that the program did not necessarily have to be highly viewed in order to turn a profit . NBC hoped to attract Leno 's existing fans , as well as a larger primetime audience than that of his late-night program . The Jay Leno Show was met with mixed reception from critics , who felt that the series had little differentiation from Leno 's Tonight Show . Others were critical of NBC 's decision to give up an hour of its weeknight lineup to Leno , due to the network 's past success with dramas airing in the time slot , while one NBC affiliate notably planned to not air the show at all , although this decision was retracted due to complaints by the network . Although viewership of The Jay Leno Show was initially on par with NBC 's projections , by November , the program 's ratings began to fall significantly . NBC 's affiliates complained that the declining viewership of The Jay Leno Show also had a ripple effect on the viewership of their late local newscasts . In an effort to address the concerns , NBC announced in January 2010 that it would , following the 2010 Winter Olympics , shorten The Jay Leno Show to a half-hour , and move it to 11:35 p.m -- the timeslot that had been occupied by The Tonight Show for nearly 60 years , and bump Tonight to 12:05 a.m. NBC 's decision resulted in a major public conflict between the network and Conan O'Brien , who asserted that the move would damage the highly respected Tonight Show franchise , and that he would not participate in the program if it were moved to 12:05 . Despite much support for O'Brien from both the public and media professionals alike , NBC maintained its plan to move Leno to 11:35 . On January 21 , 2010 , NBC reached a $ 45 million settlement with O'Brien in order to end his contract . The Jay Leno Show ended on February 9 , 2010 , after being on the air for only four months , with Entertainment Weekly calling the program television 's `` Biggest Bomb of All Time . '' Leno resumed his duties as host of The Tonight Show on March 1 , 2010 , in a final stint that lasted until his February 2014 succession by Jimmy Fallon .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "089a6850d5eddd0594e18911b71e5117", "text": "The Real (TV series) The Real is an American syndicated talk show . The series initially received a trial run on Fox owned markets in the summer of 2013 . The series was developed as a talk show designed to appeal to younger female viewers who , like the co-hosts , were experiencing new events in their lives . It was green-lit for national syndication later that fall and officially premiered the following year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "188fefaa2a2ae558061fa0c93108bced", "text": "America's Top 10 America 's Top 10 ( commonly abbreviated to AT10 ) was a television program of music hits based on the Billboard Hot 100 , with the exception of the last season in 1992 which used the Radio and Records chart . It aired in syndication by Gold Key Media from 1980 -- 1982 and by All American Television from 1982-1992 . The show was hosted by Casey Kasem , the host of American Top 40 and Casey 's Top 40 , until 1991 . After that point , the show was hosted by Siedah Garrett and then Tommy Puett ; Kasem later returned as host until he closed down the show in 1992 to focus on launching `` Casey 's Countdown , '' an adult contemporary music spinoff of Casey 's Top 40 . From around 1987 onwards , the show was also transmitted by various regions of ITV in the United Kingdom , where it was often broadcast as part of the network 's then-new overnight service . Charlie Tuna served as announcer , and Syd Vinnedge was producer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9068d7e9e360403bd15be8490c400310", "text": "Joy Behar Josephine Victoria Behar ( -LSB- ˈbeɪhɑːr -RSB- née Occhiuto ; born October 7 , 1942 ) is an American comedian , writer , and actress . She co-hosts the ABC daytime talk show The View . She hosted The Joy Behar Show on HLN from 2009 to 2011 and Joy Behar : Say Anything ! on Current TV , from 2012 until the channel switched formats in August 2013 . Behar 's new weekly late-night talk show , Late Night Joy , premiered on TLC in November 2015 .", "title": "" } ]	fever
690da8c9dd8656f1976eb06be90a9821	The Boys from Brazil features actors.	[ { "docid": "638f1a440908db4c741b4c3d2b32e272", "text": "The Boys from Brazil (film) The Boys from Brazil is a 1978 British-American science fiction thriller film directed by Franklin J. Schaffner . It stars Gregory Peck and Laurence Olivier and features James Mason , Lilli Palmer , Uta Hagen , Denholm Elliott , and Steve Guttenberg in supporting roles . The film is based on the 1976 novel of the same name by Ira Levin , and was nominated for three Academy Awards .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "970b9c01df97ec255ebd42e084b85a07", "text": "Daniel Bernhardt Daniel Bernhardt ( born 31 August 1965 ) is a Swiss actor , model and martial artist .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a72142050c9fd269615eb434fa11e9a1", "text": "James Wilby James Jonathon Wilby ( born 20 February 1958 ) is an English film , television and theatre actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7e0fccf0c10d9e447d5bee9507e00b86", "text": "Caio Castro Caio de Castro Castanheira , best known as Caio Castro ( born January 22 , 1989 ) is a Brazilian actor and model .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b291bfbf45f1a67a9f9d7e9bd46b382e", "text": "Alejo García Pintos Alejo García Pintos ( born February 4 , 1967 ) is an Argentine film and television actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "45f30ee68ec15c6b70f83103f4839676", "text": "Wes Brown (actor) James Wesley `` Wes '' Brown ( born January 26 , 1982 ) is an American actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3c083f01a5406c2b27c8932b02fa6f9d", "text": "Márcio Garcia Márcio Garcia Machado ( born April 17 , 1970 ) is a Brazilian actor , television host , writer , producer and film director .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5ebd0cb508cf494ddc2b8a7407395aa", "text": "Klebber Toledo Klebber Toledo ( born June 14 , 1986 ) is a Brazilian actor and model .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "128f8a3842e309b76ea798cee14cdf0d", "text": "Gabriel Dell Gabriel Dell ( October 8 , 1919 -- July 3 , 1988 ) was an American actor and one of the members of what came to be known as the Dead End Kids , then later the East Side Kids and finally The Bowery Boys .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "119c61475141ef1d51ae6edcab3d863f", "text": "Little Boy (film) Little Boy is a 2015 World War II war fantasy-drama film directed by Alejandro Gómez Monteverde . The screenplay is by Monteverde and Pepe Portillo , and the film was produced by Eduardo Verástegui and Leo Severino , edited by Joan Sobel and Fernando Villena . The film stars Jakob Salvati , Emily Watson , Cary-Hiroyuki Tagawa , Michael Rapaport , David Henrie , Ben Chaplin , Eduardo Verástegui , Ted Levine , Abraham Benrubi , Tom Wilkinson . The title is a reference to Little Boy , the code name for the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima as well as a reference to Pepper , the main character 's height . The film was co-produced by Metanoia Films and Santa Fé Films and was released on April 24 , 2015 , by Open Road Films . It was released on DVD and Blu-ray on August 18 , 2015 by Universal Pictures Home Entertainment . The film received negative reviews from mainstream critics and it earned $ 17 million on a $ 20 million budget . The story of the movie is being used in the 2017 Bollywood movie Tubelight starring Salman Khan in the lead role .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "82a2305700d7925625045a494e9f9908", "text": "Adiós muchachos Adiós , muchachos ( English language : Goodbye , boys ) is a 1955 Argentine film directed by Armando Bo and written by Rafael García Ibáñez . The film starred Pola Alonso and Arturo Arcari .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8ef473a228c565b49c3e16ccd1e0a299", "text": "Trevor Wright Trevor Christopher Wright ( born August 23 , 1980 in San Diego , California ) is an American actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0bbb5d2bf0bb834d2e48fedacce78b1a", "text": "The Boys (1998 film) The Boys is a 1998 Australian drama film directed by Rowan Woods . The screenplay by Stephen Sewell is based on the play by Gordon Graham ( loosely based on the murder of Anita Cobby ) , first performed by Griffin Theatre Company directed by Alex Galeazzi .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "67ce0937ee202100facd32049f84a3b6", "text": "Julio Oscar Mechoso Julio Oscar Mechoso ( born May 31 , 1955 ) is an American actor . He is occasionally credited as Julio Mechoso . Mechoso is a character actor in both television and film . He has appeared in several high-profile films , such as Grindhouse , Bad Boys and the controversial Ken Park . His television credits include Miami Vice , Coach , Seinfeld , and Greetings from Tucson . He has appeared in two Martin Lawrence films , Bad Boys and Blue Streak . He played a Police Detective in both . Mechoso is a Cuban American .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6afbd6e57138bd7b6d28efa219a358bf", "text": "Arnaldo Jabor Arnaldo Jabor ( born 12 December 1940 ) is a Brazilian film director , screenwriter and producer of Lebanese descent . He directed nine films between 1965 and 1990 . His 1973 film Toda Nudez Será Castigada won the Silver Bear at the 23rd Berlin International Film Festival .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "17142be0a7249c7ec6f76f9113f46ec5", "text": "Francisco Cuoco Francisco Cuoco ( born November 29 , 1933 in São Paulo ) is a Brazilian actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0e0a2e97347b49fd9f9c59ca971f85b2", "text": "Mário Brasini Mário Brasini ( January 31 , 1921 -- October 9 , 1997 ) was a Brazilian actor , screenwriter and film director .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0ebd5f3d4b825edb9d3af4f89ac4ab7e", "text": "Gregory Jbara Gregory Jbara ( -LSB- dʒəˈbɑrə -RSB- born September 28 , 1961 ) is an American film , television and stage actor , and singer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ce739590a9940488e7cee2bfe54bd62c", "text": "Tonico Pereira Antônio Carlos de Sousa Pereira ( born June 22 , 1948 in Campos dos Goytacazes , Rio de Janeiro ) , better known as Tonico Pereira , is a Brazilian television and film actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fc0c6de8b1f40b0b052e3a535ef31156", "text": "The Boy from Mercury The Boy from Mercury ( 1996 ) is a nostalgic Irish Film , the first from writer and director Martin Duffy . The film concerns the science-fiction daydreams of a young boy in 1960 Dublin . Upon release , the film received international critical acclaim , and several awards , though was commercially unsuccessful . It was the first time actors Rita Tushingham and Tom Courtenay had appeared on screen together since Doctor Zhivago thirty years earlier . The film was also the debut of young Irish actor James Hickey . The book of the making of the film , The Road to Mercury , written by the director , was released in 2006 by Ogma Press .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "08457daae1a4893dbe3cf42bcaad6c69", "text": "Seymour Cassel Seymour Joseph Cassel ( born January 22 , 1935 ) is an American actor . Cassel first came to prominence in the 1960s in the pioneering independent films of writer/director John Cassavetes . The first of these was Too Late Blues ( 1961 ) , followed by Faces ( 1968 ) , for which he was nominated for an Academy Award and won a National Society of Film Critics Award . Cassel went on to appear in Cassavetes ' Minnie and Moskowitz ( 1971 ) , The Killing of a Chinese Bookie ( 1976 ) , Opening Night ( 1977 ) and Love Streams ( 1984 ) . He has further appeared in a number of independent and Hollywood film productions . Notable titles include Coogan 's Bluff ( 1968 ) , The Last Tycoon ( 1976 ) , Valentino ( 1977 ) , Johnny Be Good ( 1988 ) , Mobsters ( 1991 ) , In the Soup ( 1992 ) , Honeymoon in Vegas ( 1992 ) , Indecent Proposal ( 1993 ) , Beer League ( 2006 ) and Fort McCoy ( 2011 ) . Like Cassavetes , Wes Anderson has frequently cast Cassel , first in Rushmore ( 1998 ) and then in The Royal Tenenbaums ( 2001 ) and The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou ( 2004 ) .", "title": "" } ]	fever
4dbf299dff0c4df2fb31c0f64a259816	License to Wed is a movie.	[ { "docid": "7501275afb5b34b31a1e6eb73d95f8b1", "text": "License to Wed License to Wed is a 2007 American romantic comedy film starring Robin Williams , Mandy Moore and John Krasinski , and directed by Ken Kwapis . The film was released in theaters on July 3 , 2007 .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "ea73887b2a7743ef9ca6b76f23c3dcff", "text": "Richard's Wedding Richard 's Wedding is a 2012 comedy/drama film written , edited , and directed by Onur Tukel . Among the film 's ensemble cast are actors Josephine Decker , Randy Gambill , Lawrence Michael Levine , Jennifer Prediger , and Tukel himself .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c971964bc2491333071d00e5721beba3", "text": "Bride and Groom (TV series) Bride and Groom is an American daytime television series . It was originally broadcast in the early 1950s on CBS , and later moved to NBC . It could be considered an early reality series . The series presented marriages live on the air , but these couples were not put together for the purpose of the program . Couples who were intending to get married could apply to be married on the show . The CBS episodes aired in a 15-minute time-slot , with two commercial breaks . The program was based on a radio series . In a 1957 news article , it was stated that the divorce rate of couples married on the show was lower than the national average .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b4ff03665db82043f82dd5b20c652f94", "text": "Divorce American Style Divorce American Style is a 1967 American satirical comedy film directed by Bud Yorkin and starring Dick Van Dyke , Debbie Reynolds , Jean Simmons , Jason Robards and Van Johnson . Norman Lear produced the film and wrote the script based on a story by Robert Kaufman . It focuses on a married couple that opts for divorce when counseling fails to help them resolve their various problems , and the problems presented to divorced people by alimony . The title is an homage to Divorce Italian Style ( 1961 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c49bdd3da3e5abcf967fa6a7bbee2085", "text": "To Each His Own (film) To Each His Own is a 1946 American romantic drama film . It was directed by Mitchell Leisen , and stars Olivia de Havilland , Mary Anderson , Roland Culver , and John Lund in his first on-screen appearance , where he played dual roles as father and son . The screenplay was written by Charles Brackett and Jacques Théry . A young woman bears a child out of wedlock and has to give him up . De Havilland won the Academy Award for Best Actress . Brackett and Théry were nominated for Best Writing , Original Story .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b09fa836e3df433a9d00d327153d3b3e", "text": "Marrying the Mafia II Marrying the Mafia II is a 2005 South Korean film , the sequel to Marrying the Mafia ( 2002 ) . It was the most successful comedy film in South Korea the year of its release ; its over 5 million tickets sold represented more than 10 % of the population and contributed to the third straight year that more tickets were sold for local than for Hollywood films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6eee5cc2b389c67b8529bdbc181a249b", "text": "Person to Person (film) Person to Person is an American drama film directed and written by Dustin Guy Defa . The film stars Michael Cera , Tavi Gevinson , and Abbi Jacobson . The film had its world premiere at the Sundance Film Festival on January 20 , 2017 . It is scheduled to be released on July 28 , 2017 , by Magnolia Pictures .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "defc648b3e680472882245d906aff0f8", "text": "I Wed Three Wives `` I Wed Three Wives '' is an episode of the American television detective series Hawaiian Eye .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab5fe3de66e29b040c935a3088f0243b", "text": "A Good Marriage (film) A Good Marriage is a 2014 American psychological thriller film based on the novella of the same name by Stephen King , from the 2010 collection Full Dark , No Stars . It stars Joan Allen , Anthony LaPaglia , Kristen Connolly and Stephen Lang . It was released on October 3 , 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d7a5c9e31f70641c39d19e2d64e26df1", "text": "How to Commit Marriage How to Commit Marriage is a 1969 comedy film directed by Norman Panama and starring Bob Hope and Jackie Gleason in their only movie together . The supporting cast features Jane Wyman as Hope 's wife , Tina Louise as record-producer Gleason 's love interest , Leslie Nielsen as the straight man , and Professor Irwin Corey as a Middle Eastern guru named `` the Baba Zeba . '' Tim Matheson also appears in an early role . This was Jane Wyman 's final film appearance . A rock band entitled The Comfortable Chair appears as a rock group , performing their song `` A Child 's Garden . '' The movie was filmed in the then-current version of Cinerama .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "859945dc480dc057c706703f0882d0f1", "text": "Limited Partnership (film) Limited Partnership is a 2014 American documentary film directed by Thomas G. Miller . Through archival footage and modern interviews , it covers a 40-year marriage between two gay rights activists in the US . It premiered at the 2014 Los Angeles Film Festival and aired on Independent Lens , a PBS program , in June 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9d5ec1f2b26246fd077961dc4c5db3ae", "text": "This Marriage Business This Marriage Business is a 1938 American comedy film directed by Christy Cabanne from a screenplay by Gladys Atwater and J. Robert Bren , based on a story by Mel Riddle and Alex Rubin . The film stars Allan Lane , Jack Carson , Victor Moore , and Vicki Lester . Produced by RKO Radio Pictures , which also distributed the film , it was released on April 8 , 1938 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "27ddae4e6dba0677cff0bc8f80d9c944", "text": "Wedlock (film) Wedlock ( originally known as Deadlock ) is a 1991 American science fiction-action television film from HBO Films , directed by Lewis Teague and starring Rutger Hauer , Mimi Rogers , Joan Chen and James Remar . It received an Emmy Nomination for Sound Editing .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7ed3998fc8115e67dcdb39387ef21a8e", "text": "Unstoppable Marriage Unstoppable Marriage is a 2007 South Korean romantic comedy film . It stars veteran actors Kim Soo-mi and Im Chae-moo alongside popstar and television actress Eugene and Ha Seok-jin . The film is Eugene 's big screen debut , and is also the directorial debut of Kim Seong-wook , who previously worked as an assistant director on other films such as Fun Movie ( 2002 ) , My Teacher , Mr. Kim ( 2003 ) and Lovely Rivals ( 2004 ) . The film was released in South Korea on May 10 , 2007 , and had a total of 1,304,431 admissions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "53adfd845d2f64728dbb43af67e827db", "text": "Ali's Wedding Ali 's Wedding is an upcoming 2017 Australian romantic comedy feature film from Matchbox Pictures . It is directed by Jeffrey Walker and written by Osamah Sami and Andrew Knight .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e7a78021c08074e38414defb3a56041d", "text": "License to Kill (1984 film) License to Kill is a 1984 television film directed by Jud Taylor . It stars James Farentino and Penny Fuller . It was released on DVD in 2008 by Echo Bridge Home Entertainment . John and Judith Peterson 's world is shattered when their daughter Lynne is killed by a drunk driver John becomes obsessed with seeing Tom Fiske , the arrogant businessman who caused the accident and who shows no remorse , punished for his crime . Fiske hires a crafty defense attorney who delays the trial repeatedly and succeeds in having his blood sample showing his inebriation suppressed as evidence . However dogged prosecutor Martin Sawyer prevails in the end by entering into evidence Fiske 's bar bill on the day of accident showing his consumption of martinis as proof of his inebriation . Justice prevails as Fiske is sentenced to prison .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1425d06fad5d0e474a434b4de838adab", "text": "Double Harness Double Harness ( 1933 ) is an American Pre-Code film starring Ann Harding and William Powell . It was based on the play of the same name by Edward Poor Montgomery . A young woman maneuvers a lazy playboy into marrying her . On 4 April and 11 April 2007 , Turner Classic Movies premiered several films produced by Merian C. Cooper at RKO but out of distribution for more than 50 years . According to TCM host Robert Osborne , Cooper agreed to a legal settlement with RKO in 1946 , after accusing RKO of not giving him all the money due him from his RKO producer 's contract in the 1930s . The settlement gave Cooper complete ownership of six RKO titles . Among the titles are Rafter Romance ( 1933 ) with Ginger Rogers , Double Harness , The Right to Romance ( 1933 ) , One Man 's Journey ( 1933 ) with Lionel Barrymore , Stingaree ( 1934 ) , Living on Love ( 1937 ) , and A Man to Remember ( 1938 ) . According to an interview with a retired RKO executive , used as a promo on TCM for the premiere , Cooper allowed the films to be shown in 1955-1956 in a limited re-release and only in New York City .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "68383b7c4908e681678c625c607f2912", "text": "To Find a Man To Find a Man is a 1972 American comedy-drama film directed by Buzz Kulik . It was entered into the 1972 Cannes Film Festival . The film introduced actress Pamela Sue Martin .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d861627a48dd3a7275423acf84388c9c", "text": "Scenes from a Marriage Scenes from a Marriage ( Scener ur ett äktenskap ) is a 1973 Swedish Television miniseries written and directed by Ingmar Bergman , and starring Liv Ullmann and Erland Josephson . The story explores the disintegration of the marriage between Marianne , a family lawyer specializing in divorce , and Johan , spanning a period of 10 years . Bergman 's teleplay draws on his own experiences , including his relationship with Ullmann . It was shot on a small budget in Stockholm and Fårö in 1972 . After initially airing on Swedish TV in six parts , the miniseries was condensed into a theatrical version and received positive reviews in Sweden and internationally . Scenes from a Marriage was also the subject of controversy for its perceived influence on rising divorce rates in Europe . The film was ineligible for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film , but won the Golden Globe Award for Best Foreign Language Film and several other honours . The miniseries and film version influenced filmmakers such as Woody Allen and Richard Linklater . It was followed by a sequel , Saraband , in 2003 , and stage adaptations .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "90d566081ee13f5f626f4ba965ff8d99", "text": "One Six Right One Six Right : The Romance of Flying is an independent documentary film about the general aviation industry as seen through a local airport . Within a short period of time , it has achieved a passionate following and presence among pilots and aviation enthusiasts worldwide who see the film as being able to communicate their passion for aviation . Concurrently , the film has garnered both local and national political attention in the United States as an accurate depiction of general aviation and its important contributions to all aviation industries worldwide . Within the entertainment industry , the film has attracted the sponsorship and support of many large media companies , including Apple Inc. , Sony Electronics , Toshiba , Technicolor , Bose , and Dolby , as pioneering new standards in high definition ( HD ) film making and distribution .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "85de64213596aa316c9a5d0db134a88a", "text": "Green Card (film) Green Card is a 1990 romantic comedy film written , produced , directed by Peter Weir and starring Gérard Depardieu and Andie MacDowell . The screenplay focuses on an American woman who enters into a marriage of convenience with a Frenchman so he can obtain a green card and remain in the United States . Depardieu won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor . The film won the Golden Globe for Best Motion Picture -- Musical or Comedy , and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay .", "title": "" } ]	fever
603a6b02a6518ea8bfca70208c44e083	Love & Mercy (film) stars Paul Dano.	[ { "docid": "8c91b921fd82e18074d2e11b610daa74", "text": "Love & Mercy (film) Love & Mercy ( stylized as love & mercy ) is a 2014 American biographical drama film directed and co-produced by Bill Pohlad , co-produced by Claire Rudnick-Polstein and John Wells and written by Michael Alan Lerner and Oren Moverman . The film , deriving its title from the 1988 song by Wilson , focuses on musician-songwriter Brian Wilson , co-founder of the Beach Boys , during the 1960s and 1980s , presenting the film in a nonlinear narrative . Paul Dano and John Cusack star as the young and middle-aged Wilson , respectively , with Elizabeth Banks as Wilson 's second wife Melinda Ledbetter , and Paul Giamatti as Wilson 's psychotherapist Dr. Eugene Landy . The film premiered in the Special Presentations section of the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival on September 7 , 2014 and was released by Lionsgate and Roadside Attractions on June 5 , 2015 . It grossed $ 28.6 million over a $ 10 million budget , a moderate commercial success , and received critical acclaim from reviewers , lauded for its unorthodox style , original score by Atticus Ross , Dano 's performance as Wilson in the 1960s , and scenes that closely recreated Wilson 's advanced studio recording methods during the making of Pet Sounds ( 1966 ) . Wilson -- who had little involvement during development -- praised the film for being `` very factual . '' It was nominated for two Golden Globes : Best Supporting Actor -- Motion Picture ( Paul Dano ) and Best Original Song ( `` One Kind of Love '' ) .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "15347dbb85e23781405550a5d090ea3a", "text": "Danny Devos For the American businessman and sports executive , see Dan DeVos . Danny Devos also known as DDV ( born in Vilvoorde , 1959 ) is a Belgian artist whose work involves body art and performance art and a fascination with true crime . Since 1979 he has done over 160 performances and made several sculptural installations depicting violence , crime and murder . Since 1987 he has been corresponding with serial killers like Freddy Horion and in Belgium and John Wayne Gacy in the USA . In 1981 he founded the artist initiative Club Moral with Anne-Mie van Kerckhoven . From 1998 until 2004 he was Social Commissioner and chairman of the NICC , the first association of Visual Artists in Belgium , where he was in charge of the Social Statute of the Artist . In 2005 he moved to Beijing in China to develop and manage Art Farm for colleague artist Wim Delvoye . His latest piece ` Diggin ' for Gordon ' , inspired by Gordon Matta-Clark , is performed at a secret location and can only be seen by the audience through a webcam . Club Moral is also a pioneer noise band . Apart from solo sound concerts , he also performs with Bum Collar , an improvisational noise band with Anne-Mie Van Kerckhoven on electronics , Mauro Pawlowski on guitar , and Paul Mennes engineering and browntones .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fc92466fa618e5311f610d4b093719db", "text": "Paul Rhys Paul Rhys ( born 19 December 1963 ) is a Welsh television , film and theatre actor . Rhys was born in Neath , Glamorgan , and studied at RADA , leaving with the Bancroft Gold Medal in 1985 . After graduating , he obtained his first major screen role , in Absolute Beginners ( 1986 ) . Since then he has seldom been off the stage and screen . His first US exposure was when American film director Robert Altman cast Rhys , who was then still a student , as Theo van Gogh in Vincent and Theo opposite Tim Roth as Vincent .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4fef7ebcf5fceacd7278fb93dab43c55", "text": "Christian Paul (actor) Christian Paul ( born May 18 , 1973 ) is a Canadian film and television actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e6c0dd10c817fc76a7122dd9e53e76b6", "text": "Paul Willson Paul Lee Willson ( born December 25 , 1945 ) is an American actor , most notable for his television work . He was born in Fairmont , Minnesota , the son of Doris Geraldine and Lee Wilford Willson . Willson has played numerous guest characters on a variety of shows including Full House as Stu in episode `` Crimes and Michelle 's Demeanor '' in 1990 , Curb Your Enthusiasm , Boston Public , Caroline in the City , The Newsroom and Star Trek : Voyager . He is perhaps most famous for his repeated guest character of `` Paul Krapence '' on the television show Cheers ( which he also reprised in an episode of the Cheers spin-off , Frasier ) . His character was originally called `` Gregg '' because Paul Vaughn was already playing a character named `` Paul '' on Cheers . For five years ( 1986-1990 ) he was Garry Shandling 's neighbor `` Leonard Smith '' on It 's Garry Shandling 's Show . Willson also appeared on Garry Shandling 's The Larry Sanders Show playing Larry 's accountant , and the brother of Sid the cue card holder . He played Ed , a neighbor , in a few episodes of Malcolm in the Middle . His film appearances include The Pack ( 1977 ) , The Devonsville Terror ( 1983 ) , My Best Friend Is a Vampire ( 1987 ) , Moving ( 1988 ) , 976-EVIL ( 1988 ) , Problem Child 2 ( 1990 ) , Circuitry Man ( 1990 ) , Plughead Rewired : Circuitry Man II ( 1994 ) and the comedy film Office Space ( 1999 ) as one of `` The Bobs '' . Willson also appeared on the CBS sitcoms The King of Queens and The Big Bang Theory . He was recently in a promotional video for the Nintendo DS game Personal Trainer : Cooking with Fred Willard . Although primarily recognized for his television work , he has been noted as a `` great improv player '' by Garry Shandling as a result of their time working together doing improv in the late 1970s . Cheers producer Ken Levine has also acknowledged Willson as `` one of the greatest improv artists I have EVER seen . '' Since 2012 he has appeared in television ads for Safeco Insurance .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ed4d5ddec16efa85820897c709e5b629", "text": "Paul Michael Paul Michael ( August 15 , 1926 -- July 8 , 2011 ) was an American actor . He was a regular guest star on American television appearing in Kojak , Hill Street Blues , Alias , Gilmore Girls and Frasier among others . He played a cop in the Hollywood movie Batman . He also played King Johnny Romano on Dark Shadows . He was also in movies such as `` Mask of the Red Death '' and made for TV movie , `` Where There 's a Will '' . He did many plays with his sweetheart , Marion Ross . They traveled together doing plays like `` The Last Great Romance '' among others . He was best known for his appearances on Broadway where he frequently played Zorba , Tevia in `` Fiddler on the Roof '' and the barber in `` The Man of La Mancha '' . He danced in `` Bells are Ringing '' with Vivian Leigh .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "36ded971e6ca1f9bf5171d23a5eb5d0d", "text": "Paul Iacono Paul Stanley Iacono ( born September 7 , 1988 ) is an American actor . He is best known for portraying RJ Berger in the MTV scripted series The Hard Times of RJ Berger .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "32246361dd66a8821d70259812435c8d", "text": "Cathy DeBuono Cathy DeBuono is an American actress . DeBuono was born on March 20 , 1970 , in Yonkers , New York , and raised in Bronxville . As an athlete , she started a career as a successful volleyball player and received several awards and medals , such as two gold medals at the United States Olympic Festival in 1991 and 1992 . Between 1988 and 1991 she attended the University of Kentucky . She was forced to end her career as a volleyball player due to a knee injury . After this , DeBuono started her acting career , and she performed in a stage play directed by a former student , Ashley Judd . She studied at the American Academy of Dramatic Arts and graduated in 1994 . In 2003 , she earned a master 's degree in clinical psychology . She appeared in the last three seasons of Star Trek : Deep Space Nine as M'Pella . She has worked as a stand-in , photo double , and body double for Terry Farrell . DeBuono received no on-screen credits until her final appearance in the episode The Dogs of War . DeBuono also appeared as a background regular in several episodes of the television series Chicago Hope as a paramedic . DeBuono was involved in the comedy series Jenny , The Pretender , Pacific Blue , Martial Law , Becker and Exes and Oh 's . DeBuono has also appeared in a few films , including the short project Gay Propaganda ( 2002 ) and the award-winning Out at the Wedding ( 2007 ) , the romantic comedy And Then Came Lola ( 2008 ) , and the short drama Tremble & Spark ( 2008 ) . For the 2007 short film , The Touch , by Jane Clark , she worked as associate producer and still photographer . She now hosts her own radio program on Thursdays at 12 p.m. PST , since September 2011 , to give out advice on LA Talk radio .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "81e76535265dee46bc123c029565f061", "text": "David Pinner David John Pinner ( born 6 October 1940 in Peterborough , England ) is a British actor and novelist . He was trained at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art . He has appeared on stage and television in many roles . As an actor , he is known for Emergency Ward 10 ( 1962 ) , Z Cars ( 1967 ) , The Growing Pains of PC Penrose ( 1975 ) , ( 1985 ) , Henry V ( 1979 ) , The Prince Regent ( 1979 ) and Agatha Christie 's Miss Marple : A Murder Is Announced . His 1967 novel Ritual was a major inspiration for Anthony Shaffer 's film The Wicker Man ( 1973 ) . Endeavour Press have just published The Wicca Woman by David Pinner , and The Wicca Woman is the sequel to Ritual .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "25361dc58698cdc5d4e641ad2faf982d", "text": "Mercy (Vertigo) Mercy ( 1993 ) is an American graphic novel , written by J. M. DeMatteis and illustrated by Paul Johnson , published by DC Comics ' Vertigo imprint . It tells the tale of bitter , cynical Joshua Rose . While in a coma after a stroke , he finds himself drifting through states of Limbo . There he witnesses the personification of Mercy battling many of the personal demons and afflictions of mankind , including himself . Despite his initial hostility toward her , he finally comes to accept and appreciate her qualities .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "29028a968d510f65e2e35babcfc130af", "text": "Saints and Sinners (1994 film) Saints and Sinners is a 1994 crime and drama film starring Damian Chapa , Jennifer Rubin , and Scott Plank . It was written , directed and produced by Paul Mones . The film 's production company was MDP Worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cdfbea0fdf8ed2aa132c0fd55196fa2f", "text": "David Newell (actor, born 1905) David Newell was primarily known as an American character actor , whose acting career spanned from the very beginning of the sound film era through the middle of the 1950s . He made his film debut in a featured role in The Hole in the Wall , a 1929 film starring Edward G. Robinson and Claudette Colbert . Early in his career he had many featured roles , in such films as : RKO 's The Runaway Bride in 1929 , starring Mary Astor ; 1931 's Ten Cents a Dance , starring Barbara Stanwyck and directed by Lionel Barrymore ; and White Heat in 1934 . He would occasionally receive a starring role , as in 1930 's Just Like Heaven , which co-starred Anita Louise . However , by the mid-1930s he was being relegated to mostly smaller supporting roles . Some of the more notable films he appeared in include : A Star is Born ( 1937 ) , which stars Janet Gaynor and Fredric March ; Blondie ( 1938 ) ; the Bette Davis vehicle , Dark Victory ( 1939 ) ; Day-Time Wife ( 1939 ) , starring Tyrone Power and Linda Darnell ; It 's a Wonderful World ( 1939 ) , with James Stewart and Claudette Colbert ; Rings on Her Fingers ( 1942 ) , starring Henry Fonda and Gene Tierney ; the Danny Kaye and Dinah Shore film , Up in Arms ( 1944 ) , which also stars Dana Andrews ; 1947 's Killer McCoy with Mickey Rooney , Brian Donlevy , and Ann Blyth ; Homecoming ( 1948 ) , starring Clark Gable , Lana Turner , and Anne Baxter ; That Wonderful Urge ( 1949 ) , starring Tyrone Power and Gene Tierney ; David and Bathsheba ( 1951 ) , starring Gregory Peck and Susan Hayward ; and Cecil B. DeMille 's 1952 blockbuster , The Greatest Show on Earth . During his 25-year acting career , he appeared in over 110 films . His final appearance in film was in 1954 's The Eddie Cantor Story , in which he had a small supporting role . In the late 1940s he also began working as a make-up artist , which he transitioned full-time to in 1955 ; this was due to injuries sustained during a car accident , which left him physically disfigured . He retired from the film industry in 1961 , although he continued to work in television through the beginning of the 1970s , his last position being the make-up artist on the television show , Lassie . Newell died two days past his 75th birthday , on January 25 , 1980 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0801473bc72ff9e46caf5c657e7dbedc", "text": "Dany Robin Dany Robin ( -LSB- dani ʁɔbɛ̃ -RSB- ; 14 April 1927 -- 25 May 1995 ) was a French actress of the 1950s and the 1960s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a0ab95b07216f9cefd824aece117c05e", "text": "Gary Cooper filmography The filmography of Gary Cooper chronicles the film appearances of American actor Gary Cooper . After starting his career in 1925 as a film extra and stuntman , Cooper made his official cinematic debut in 1926 in the Samuel Goldwyn production The Winning of Barbara Worth . He went on to become a contract player with Paramount Pictures where he established himself as a popular leading man prior to the end of the silent film era . Cooper 's future in the sound era was assured with the release of The Virginian ( 1929 ) , his first all-talkie film . For the next 32 years , he would be one of cinema 's top money-making stars . From 1936 to 1957 , Cooper ranked 18 times among the top ten box office attractions -- a record when he died in 1961 , and later surpassed only by John Wayne , who ranked among the top ten 25 times , Clint Eastwood ( 21 times ) and Tom Cruise ( 20 times ) . Cooper was nominated for the Best Actor Academy Award five times and won twice , for Sergeant York ( 1942 ) and High Noon ( 1952 ) . The latter film boosted his popularity , resulting in him being the number one box office attraction in 1953 . Cooper received a third Academy Award -- an honorary one -- just prior to his death in 1961 . His final film , The Naked Edge , was released shortly after his death . As of February 2008 , more than half of Gary Cooper 's feature films are available on DVD , while others not yet on home video are available for television broadcast . Unfortunately , at least two of his silent films -- Beau Sabreur ( 1928 ) and The Legion of the Condemned ( 1928 ) -- are now considered lost films . Another of his silent films , Wolf Song ( 1929 ) , was originally released as a part talkie , but survives only as a silent film . One of Cooper 's earliest talkies , Paramount on Parade ( 1930 ) , survives incomplete . The prints that are available for television are missing all but one of the film 's Technicolor scenes -- a partial restoration of these scenes was done by the UCLA Film Archives . This filmography contains sections for Cooper 's work as an extra in the earliest part of his film career , his feature film appearances , his occasional appearances in short films , and a section for a compilation film . Due to its length ( 92 films ) , the listing of his feature films is divided in four sections . Cooper 's film roles are listed , as well as the names of each film 's director and co-stars . Cooper 's awards and nominations are also listed . Except where noted , all of his films were shot in 35mm black and white . All films released prior to Lilac Time ( 1928 ) are silent films and all from The Virginian ( 1929 ) onward are sound films . The films made during the silent-to-sound transition are noted as being either silent or sound films . As an addendum , Cooper 's handful of television appearances are also listed .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "918a2766dc192224348f23b250d91606", "text": "Dan DeBono Daniel DeBono ( born November 13 , 1964 in Detroit , Michigan ) is an American writer and novelist .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d4b3215a83b0a098ea4c552c201687f8", "text": "Dives in misericordia Dives in misericordia ( Latin : Rich in Mercy ) is the name of the second encyclical written by Pope John Paul II . It is a modern examination of the role of mercy -- both God 's mercy , and also the need for human mercy -- introducing the biblical parable of the Prodigal Son as a central theme . The original text was written in longhand in Polish . The encyclical was promulgated on 30 November 1980 . ( Dives in misericordia is also the title of an apostolic letter of Pope Pius IX issued in November 1877 proclaiming St. Francis de Sales a Doctor of the Church . )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8b776f8f9ed5dd9965f4a51c9cf4e074", "text": "Andrew Paul Andrew Paul ( born Paul Andrew Herman ; 17 March 1961 in Mile End , East London ) is an English actor best known for playing PC Dave Quinnan in the ITV drama The Bill for 13 years .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b312fe2dc52822521bc76a7208e20983", "text": "Loosies Loosies ( also known as Love Is Not a Crime and Pick Pocket ) is a 2012 romantic comedy-drama film written and produced by Peter Facinelli , and directed by Michael Corrente . The film stars Peter Facinelli , Jaimie Alexander , Michael Madsen , Joe Pantoliano , William Forsythe , Christy Carlson Romano , Glenn Ciano , Vincent Gallo and Chad A. Verdi .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bca189a3bd5c1ab66e5514d4bceff64b", "text": "Mercy Point Mercy Point is an American science fiction medical drama , created by Trey Callaway , David Simkins , and Milo Frank , which originally aired for one season on United Paramount Network ( UPN ) from October 6 , 1998 , to July 15 , 1999 . With an ensemble cast led by : Joe Morton , Maria del Mar , Alexandra Wilson , Brian McNamara , Salli Richardson , Julia Pennington , Gay Thomas , Jordan Lund , and Joe Spano , the series takes place in a 23rd-century hospital space station located in deep space and revolves around its doctors and nurses . The series was produced by Mandalay Television and Columbia TriStar Television ; the executive producers were Trey Callaway , Michael Katleman , Lee David Zlotoff , Joe Voci , and Scott Sanders . Callaway developed Mercy Point from Frank 's script , `` Nightingale One '' , as a concept for a feature film under the working title of the same name . Even though it was picked up by Mandalay Television , the concept was eventually revised as a television project and renamed Mercy Point due to the disappointing commercial performance of the 1997 film Starship Troopers . The show was part of a $ 3 million deal between Mandalay Television and Columbia TriStar Television to produce 200 hours of material . It was filmed in Vancouver to reduce production costs , with the hospital sets constructed on a series of sound stages . Director Joe Napolitano had praised the show for its use of a complete set to allow for more intricate directing . Despite being envisioned as a companion to Star Trek : Voyager , it was paired with Moesha and Clueless as its lead-in on Tuesday nights . Initially focused on ethical and medical cases , the show 's storylines gradually shifted toward relating the characters ' personal relationships to better fit UPN 's primarily teen demographic . Mercy Point was placed on hiatus after only two episodes were aired , and was replaced by the reality television series America 's Greatest Pets and the sitcom Reunited . The show suffered from low viewership , with an average of two million viewers . The final four episodes of the series were broadcast in two , two-hour blocks on Thursday nights in July 1999 . It was never released on DVD or Blu-ray . Critical response to Mercy Point was mixed ; some television critics praised its characterization and use of science-fiction elements , while others found it to be uninteresting and unoriginal . Several media commentators negatively compared the show to other television programs . Callaway has stated that he had the potential story arcs for the full first season already planned before the show 's cancellation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ca2003098706488cbe11fae41b47d4c0", "text": "Paul Drane Paul Drane is an Australian television producer-director . He was initially known as studio director of the Australian TV pop show Countdown from 1975 to 1977 . During this period , he directed several music videos ( promotional film clips ) made especially for Countdown , including the original clips for the AC/DC hits `` It 's a Long Way to the Top '' and `` Jailbreak '' . His innovative and award-winning Countdown video for Supernaut 's `` I Like It Both Ways '' gave viewers an early taste of visual effects in music videos . These were achieved without the benefit of ( yet to be invented ) high end CGI , but improvised with clever use of video feed-back by pointing the cameras at monitors to create wildly looping , distortion effects . With its blend of live action and 2D visual imagery , the award-winning video was an early glimpse of the rapid advances that lay ahead . In addition to the Countdown live performances , Drane independently produced and directed many Australian music videos during the 70s ( Skyhooks , John Paul Young , Cold Chisel , Little River Band , Marcia Hines ) and full concerts from local and international artists . In 1978 he produced and directed the independent music documentary , ` Australian Music to the World ' , based on the original radio series by Vince Lovegrove . Filmed worldwide , the program featured interviews and performances by artists including AC/DC ( live in Atlanta ) , Peter Allen , Helen Reddy and Little River Band . The following year Drane produced and directed the documentary special ` The Prophecies of Nostradamus ' for Australian television network Seven . Hosted by actor , John Waters , the program set a ratings record , with unprecedented reaction the following day , prompting the network to schedule a repeat run two weeks later . This program was sold to Warner Bros in the United States in 1980 . Repackaged for worldwide release , it was hosted by Orson Welles and titled ` The Man Who Saw Tomorrow ' . Throughout his lengthy career Paul Drane has maintained his passion for music , and in particular live music on television . This has given rise to classic televised concerts from artists including Split Enz , INXS , and Paul Kelly , and iconic musical moments such as Stevie Wright 's ` Evie ' at the Sydney Opera House . Since 2005 Drane has directed RocKwiz for SBS One and continues to make music videos and television content .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f0a77a3997d1aa3549c152d23c293ee3", "text": "Adrian Paul Adrian Paul ( born Adrian Paul Hewett ; 29 May 1959 ) is an English actor known for his titular role on the television series Highlander : The Series as Duncan MacLeod . In 1997 , he founded the Peace Fund charitable organisation .", "title": "" } ]	fever
181717d1a63361c075fc9b3be1d0578f	Tom Cruise turn down the role he was offered in Rain Man.	[ { "docid": "00aa8327dbcc9db2d4538d4c825af73d", "text": "Tom Cruise Thomas Cruise Mapother IV ( born July 3 , 1962 ) , known professionally as Tom Cruise , is an American actor and producer . He has been nominated for three Academy Awards and has won three Golden Globe Awards . He started his career at age 19 in the film Endless Love ( 1981 ) . After portraying supporting roles in Taps ( 1981 ) and The Outsiders ( 1983 ) , his first leading role was in the romantic comedy Risky Business , released in August 1983 . Cruise became a full-fledged movie star after starring as Pete `` Maverick '' Mitchell in the action drama Top Gun ( 1986 ) . One of the biggest movie stars in Hollywood , Cruise starred in several more successful films in the 1980s , including the dramas The Color of Money ( 1986 ) , Cocktail ( 1988 ) , Rain Man ( 1988 ) , and Born on the Fourth of July ( 1989 ) . In the 1990s , he starred in a number of hit films , including the romance Far and Away ( 1992 ) , the drama A Few Good Men ( 1992 ) , the legal thriller The Firm ( 1993 ) , the drama horror film Interview with the Vampire ( 1994 ) , the romantic comedy-drama sports film Jerry Maguire ( 1996 ) , the erotic thriller Eyes Wide Shut , and the drama Magnolia ( both 1999 ) . Since 1996 , Cruise has been well known for his role as IMF agent Ethan Hunt in the Mission : Impossible film series , whose most recent film , Mission : Impossible -- Rogue Nation , was released in 2015 . In the 2000s , Cruise starred in a number of successful films , including the science fiction thrillers Vanilla Sky ( 2001 ) and Minority Report ( 2002 ) , the epic war film The Last Samurai ( 2003 ) , the crime film Collateral ( 2004 ) , the science fiction disaster thriller War of the Worlds ( 2005 ) , and the historical thriller Valkyrie ( 2008 ) . In the 2010s , he has starred in the action comedy Knight and Day ( 2010 ) , the thriller Jack Reacher ( 2012 ) , the post-apocalyptic science fiction film Oblivion ( 2013 ) , and the military science fiction film Edge of Tomorrow ( 2014 ) . In 2012 , Cruise was Hollywood 's highest-paid actor . 16 of his films grossed over $ 100 million domestically ; 22 have grossed in excess of $ 200 million worldwide . He has won Golden Globe Awards for Best Performance by an Actor in a Motion Picture in Drama in 1990 for Born on the Fourth of July ; Best Performance by an Actor in a Motion Picture in Comedy/Musical in 1997 for Jerry Maguire ; and Best Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role in a Motion Picture in 2000 for Magnolia . In 2002 , Cruise won the Saturn Award for Best Actor for Vanilla Sky . In 2003 , he won an AFI Movie of the Year Award for The Last Samurai and an Empire Award for Best Actor for Minority Report . Cruise is an outspoken advocate for the Church of Scientology and its associated social programs , and credits it with helping him overcome dyslexia . In the 2000s , his criticisms of psychiatry and anti-depressant drugs , particularly therapy for 9/11 rescue workers , and efforts to promote Scientology as a religion in Europe , sparked controversies , as did a leaked video interview of him promoting Scientology .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "c7ae2bd0091215e696fb463910979011", "text": "Downbound Train `` Downbound Train '' is a song that appears on the 1984 Bruce Springsteen album Born in the U.S.A. . The song is a lament to a lost spouse , and takes on a melancholy tone . Author Christopher Sandford described the song as beginning `` like a Keith Richards ' riff '' that ultimately moves to `` one of those great country busted-heart lines , ` Now I work down at the car wash/where all it ever does is rain . ' '' The song was recorded in March or April 1982 at the Power Station in one of the first sessions for the Born in the U.S.A. album . Like several other Born in the U.S.A. songs , including `` Working on the Highway '' and the title track , a solo acoustic version of `` Downbound Train '' was originally recorded on the demo that eventually became the Nebraska album . Though it was not one of the seven singles released from the album , the song nevertheless gained some album-oriented rock radio airplay and was featured fairly regularly on the Born in the U.S.A. Tour . It has been performed sporadically in tours since . Overall , the song has been played in concert about 130 times through 2008 . Author Robert Kirkpatrick contended that `` Downbound Train '' `` might be the best song on the album '' , and Debby Bull called it `` the saddest song -LSB- Springsteen -RSB- 's ever written . '' But Springsteen biographer Dave Marsh , writing in Glory Days , did not agree , calling `` Downbound Train '' `` the weakest song -LSB- Springsteen -RSB- 's released since the second album , ... incredibly sloppy ... The protagonist 's three jobs in five verses are only symptomatic of its problems . '' Other observers analysed it in retrospect as a harbinger , with naturalistic imagery lacing the song throughout in an approach that Springsteen would return to heavily in his Dylan - `` Series of Dreams '' - influenced early 1990s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "207a51cec27f730decb37cb7d1975c36", "text": "Tom Green Michael Thomas `` Tom '' Green ( born July 30 , 1971 ) is a Canadian actor , rapper , writer , comedian , producer , director , talk show host , and media personality . Best known for his unique brand of comedy , he found mainstream prominence via his MTV television show The Tom Green Show . Green is also known for his roles in the Hollywood films Road Trip ( 2000 ) , Charlie 's Angels ( 2000 ) , Freddy Got Fingered ( 2001 ) , Stealing Harvard ( 2002 ) and Shred ( 2008 ) . He was briefly married to actress Drew Barrymore . In June 2003 , Green served as a guest host on Late Show with David Letterman , which led to him hosting his own late-night talk show on MTV titled The New Tom Green Show . From 2006 until 2011 he hosted his internet talk show Tom Green 's House Tonight from his living room , and began performing stand-up comedy in 2010 . From October 2013 to November 2014 Green hosted the live weekly talk-show Tom Green Live on AXS TV .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b63ac3f20e4c917d6e3379f129d43c59", "text": "Mission: Impossible 2 Mission : Impossible 2 ( stylized as M : I-2 ) is a 2000 American action spy film directed by John Woo and starring Tom Cruise , who also served as the film 's producer . It is the second installment in the Mission : Impossible film series . In the film , Ethan Hunt is recruited by the Impossible Missions Force ( IMF ) to find and destroy a dangerous biological weapon called `` Chimera '' from a rogue IMF agent named Sean Ambrose with the help of his new girlfriend , Nyah Nordoff-Hall . . Mission : Impossible 2 was released in theaters worldwide on May 24 , 2000 . It grossed more than $ 546.4 million worldwide , becoming the highest grossing film of 2000 . But the critical response was mixed ; praise was directed at Tom Cruise 's performance and the action sequences , but the plot and dialogue were criticized .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "43c3d1a3fb0945c0429c1b9ea7034d08", "text": "The Rain Rain Rain Came Down Down Down `` The Rain Rain Rain Came Down Down Down '' is a narrative song from the Walt Disney musical film featurette , Winnie the Pooh and the Blustery Day . The song is also incorporated into the 1977 musical film The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh which is an amalgamation of three Winnie-the-Pooh featurettes including `` Blustery Day '' . The song was written by the Sherman Brothers who have written most of the music for the Winnie-the-Pooh franchise over the many years . It was sung by an unidentified off-screen chorus with occasional lines sung by veteran character actor Sterling Holloway who provided the voice of Pooh .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4f5e12c161800424c6535fc340899eef", "text": "Black Hawk Down (film) Black Hawk Down is a 2002 American war film co-produced and directed by Ridley Scott . The screenplay by Ken Nolan is adapted from the non-fiction book of the same name by Mark Bowden , which in turn is based on the 29-part series of articles published in The Philadelphia Inquirer chronicling the events of a 1993 raid in Mogadishu by the U.S. military aimed at capturing faction leader Mohamed Farrah Aidid and the ensuing firefight , known as the Battle of Mogadishu . The film features a large ensemble cast , including Josh Hartnett , Ewan McGregor , Eric Bana , Tom Sizemore , William Fichtner , Jason Isaacs , Tom Hardy , and Sam Shepard . It won two Oscars for Best Film Editing and Best Sound Mixing at the 74th Academy Awards . Although it was received positively by critics , the film was strongly criticized by a number of groups and military officials . In 2009 , an extended cut of the film was released on DVD . The cut contained an additional 8 minutes of footage increasing the running time to 152 minutes . This extended cut has yet to be released on Blu-Ray .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "42e2f6944c873deb43de8431c00aa8c9", "text": "The Man from Down Under The Man from Down Under is an American 1943 drama film starring Charles Laughton as a man who raises two war orphans . It was called `` Hollywood 's first full-length film dealing exclusively with Australia and Australians '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fef24d763f685ed1634ad089e037c11a", "text": "Top Gun Top Gun is a 1986 American romantic military action drama film directed by Tony Scott , and produced by Don Simpson and Jerry Bruckheimer , in association with Paramount Pictures . The screenplay was written by Jim Cash and Jack Epps , Jr. , and was inspired by an article titled `` Top Guns '' published in California magazine three years earlier . The film stars Tom Cruise , Kelly McGillis , Val Kilmer , Anthony Edwards , and Tom Skerritt . Cruise plays Lieutenant Pete `` Maverick '' Mitchell , a young Naval aviator aboard the aircraft carrier . He and his Radar Intercept Officer ( RIO ) Nick `` Goose '' Bradshaw ( Edwards ) are given the chance to train at the Navy 's Fighter Weapons School at Miramar in San Diego . Top Gun was released on May 16 , 1986 . Upon its release , the film received generally mixed reviews from film critics but many particularly praised the action sequences , the effects , the aerial stunts , and the acting performances with Cruise and McGillis receiving the most praise . Four weeks after release , the number of theaters showing it increased by 45 % . Despite its initial mixed critical reaction , the film was a huge commercial hit grossing $ 356 million against a production budget of only $ 15 million . With its success , the film became a cult film over the years and earned an IMAX 3D re-release in 2013 . Additionally , the film won an Academy Award for Best Original Song for `` Take My Breath Away '' performed by Berlin . In 2015 , the United States Library of Congress selected the film for preservation in the National Film Registry , finding it `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "81cedf3b3331d0de3c61df14a59c2863", "text": "Forrest Landis Forrest Landis ( born August 9 , 1994 ) is an American actor , skateboarder , producer and writer . He is perhaps best known for his roles of Mark Baker in Cheaper by the Dozen and Rhett Loud in Flightplan . He has one sister named Lauren Landis . It is now believed that Landis has retired from acting and has taken up skateboarding .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f249cc4b7a1abf68b52bd5ad009cd860", "text": "Born on the Fourth of July (film) Born on the Fourth of July is a 1989 American biographical war drama film based on the best-selling autobiography of the same name by Vietnam War veteran Ron Kovic . Tom Cruise plays Ron Kovic , in a performance that earned him his first Academy Award nomination . Oliver Stone ( himself a Vietnam veteran ) co-wrote the screenplay with Kovic , and also produced and directed the film . Stone wanted to film the movie in Vietnam , but because relations between the United States and Vietnam had not yet been normalized , it was instead filmed in the Philippines . The film is considered part of Stone 's `` trilogy '' of films about the Vietnam War -- following Platoon ( 1986 ) and preceding Heaven & Earth ( 1993 ) . Born on the Fourth of July was nominated for eight Academy Awards and won two , for Best Director and Best Film Editing ; it also won four Golden Globe Awards and a Directors Guild of America Award . The film was a critical and commercial success , grossing $ 161,001,698 worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f80020830ec647708399f4be347f7a27", "text": "Rainmaking Rainmaking , also known as artificial precipitation , artificial rainfall and pluviculture , is the act of attempting to artificially induce or increase precipitation , usually to stave off drought . According to the clouds ' different physical properties , this can be done using airplanes or rockets to sow to the clouds with catalysts such as dry ice , silver iodide and salt powder , to make clouds rain or increase precipitation , to remove or mitigate farmland drought , to increase reservoir irrigation water or water supply capacity , or to increase water levels for power generation . In the United States , rainmaking was attempted by traveling showmen . It was practiced in the old west , but may have reached a peak during the dust bowl drought of the American West and Midwest in the 1930s . The practice was depicted in the 1956 film The Rainmaker . Attempts to bring rain directly have waned with development of the science of meteorology , the advent of laws against fraud and increased communication technology , with some exceptions such as cloud seeding and forms of prayer including rain dances , which are still practiced today . Prayer for more rain is also a cross cultural practice in Christians and Muslims in areas where people keep `` traditional '' non-scriptural religions . In the Christian areas the Defteras ( learned clerics of the Orthodox Christian Church ) believed to have the wisdom to arrest the rain , to bring hail to farms of individuals who refuse to comply with religious rules as well as to bring more rains when the rainy season fell short of giving the usual amount of rain needed for growing cereals . The term is also used metaphorically to describe the process of bringing new clients into a professional practice , such as law , architecture , consulting , advertising , or investment banking -- in general , processes that bring money into a company . It is also used to describe a confidence trick where the scammer takes money from the victim to influence a system over which they have no real control , but a random chance of the outcome happening anyway .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "372cfb466466010a31e9c3fac97a585a", "text": "Due to Lack of Interest, Tomorrow Has Been Canceled Due to Lack of Interest , Tomorrow Has Been Canceled is a 1969 book by Irene Kampen , an account of her return to school at the University of Wisconsin -- Madison after 25 years , and how she learned to adapt to the student culture of the late 1960s . While it is listed as non-fiction , Kampen included fictionalized students and other characters in the book . The expression is also the title of the last track of the 1968 jazz record `` America the Beautiful '' by arranger Gary McFarland , and is a line in the Kaiser Chiefs song `` Ruby '' . It was also used as the title of a 1971 BBC Horizon documentary on predictions of ecological disaster , focusing on the work of Paul Ehrlich . The book is also referenced in the film The Last of England ( 1987 ) , directed and written by Derek Jarman .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bc4f19f62e1649e6dd930e9ff1c141b1", "text": "Hugh Grant Hugh John Mungo Grant ( born 9 September 1960 ) is an English actor and film producer . Grant has received a Golden Globe , a BAFTA , and an Honorary César for his work . His films have earned more than US$ 2.4 billion from 25 theatrical releases worldwide . Grant first received attention after earning the Volpi Cup for his performance in James Ivory 's Maurice ( 1987 ) but achieved international success after appearing in the Richard Curtis-scripted Four Weddings and a Funeral ( 1994 ) . Grant used this breakthrough role as a frequent cinematic persona during the 1990s , delivering comic performances in films such as Mickey Blue Eyes ( 1999 ) and Notting Hill ( 1999 ) . One of the best known figures in 1990s British popular culture , Grant was in a high-profile relationship with Elizabeth Hurley , which was the focus of much attention in the British and international media . By the turn of the 21st century , Grant had established himself as a leading man , skilled with a satirical comic talent . Grant has expanded his oeuvre with critically acclaimed turns as a cad in Bridget Jones 's Diary ( 2001 ) , About a Boy ( 2002 ) , and American Dreamz ( 2006 ) . Grant later played against type with multiple cameo roles in the epic sci-fi drama film , Cloud Atlas ( 2012 ) . He 's also known for appearing in period pieces such as The Remains of the Day ( 1993 ) , Sense and Sensibility ( 1995 ) and Florence Foster Jenkins ( 2016 ) . Within the film industry , Grant is cited as an anti-star who approaches his roles like a character actor , and attempts to make his acting appear spontaneous . Hallmarks of his comic skills include a nonchalant touch of irony/sarcasm and studied physical mannerisms , as well as his precisely-timed dialogue delivery and facial expressions . The entertainment media 's coverage of Grant 's life off the big screen has often overshadowed his work as an actor . Grant has been outspoken about his antipathy towards the profession of acting , and in his disdain towards the culture of celebrity and hostility towards the media . In a career spanning 30 years , Grant has repeatedly claimed that acting was not his true calling , but rather a career that unintentionally developed by happenstance .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9fb6f09bb146cf7f7c155d2a8c316464", "text": "Ford Rainey Ford Rainey ( August 8 , 1908 -- July 25 , 2005 ) was an American film , stage and television actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d3352c91772836f51de4cf3f02487e44", "text": "Colin Firth Colin Andrew Firth , ( born 10 September 1960 ) is an English actor . His films have grossed more than $ 3 billion from 42 releases worldwide . Firth has received an Academy Award , a Golden Globe Award , two BAFTA Awards , and three Screen Actors Guild Awards , as well as the Volpi Cup . Firth 's most notable and acclaimed role to date has been his 2010 portrayal of King George VI in The King 's Speech , a performance that earned him an Oscar and multiple worldwide best actor awards . Identified in the late 1980s with the `` Brit Pack '' of rising , young British actors , it was not until Firth 's portrayal of Mr. Darcy in the 1995 television adaptation of Jane Austen 's Pride and Prejudice that he received more widespread attention . This led to roles in films such as The English Patient , Bridget Jones 's Diary ( for which Firth was nominated for a BAFTA ) , Shakespeare in Love , and Love Actually . In 2009 , Firth received widespread critical acclaim for his leading role in A Single Man , for which Firth gained his first Academy Award nomination , and won a BAFTA Award . Firth starred in the action spy movie Kingsman : The Secret Service in 2014 , which was a commercial success and received generally positive reviews . In 2011 , Firth received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame , and was also selected as one of the Time 100 . He was awarded an honorary degree from the University of Winchester in 2007 , and was made a Freeman of the City of London in 2012 . He has campaigned for the rights of indigenous tribal peoples , and is a member of Survival International . Firth has also campaigned on issues of asylum seekers , refugees ' rights , and the environment . He commissioned and is credited as a co-author on a scientific paper on a study into the differences in brain structure between people of differing political orientations .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8408ce7380d6e3843acfba7b40ae4eab", "text": "Smokey and the Bandit II Smokey and the Bandit II is a 1980 American action comedy film directed by Hal Needham , and stars Burt Reynolds , Sally Field , Jerry Reed , Jackie Gleason and Dom DeLuise . The film is the sequel to the 1977 film Smokey and the Bandit . The film was originally released in the United Kingdom , New Zealand , Australia and several other , mainly Commonwealth countries as Smokey and the Bandit Ride Again . Early video releases and TV broadcasts also used this title , but in more recent years have reverted to the original U.S. title . It was followed by a sequel three years later , Smokey and the Bandit Part 3 ( 1983 ) , in which Reynolds appeared only in a brief cameo appearance , and Sally Field was absent completely . The plot centers on Bo `` Bandit '' Darville ( Burt Reynolds ) and Cledus `` Snowman '' Snow ( Jerry Reed ) , transporting an elephant to the GOP National Convention , with Sheriff Buford T. Justice ( Jackie Gleason ) in hot pursuit once again .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f93ef04690f05da01bc6efe4af30b75c", "text": "The Wrong Man The Wrong Man is a 1956 American docudrama film directed by Alfred Hitchcock and starring Henry Fonda and Vera Miles . The film was drawn from the true story of an innocent man charged with a crime , as described in the book The True Story of Christopher Emmanuel Balestrero by Maxwell Anderson and in the magazine article `` A Case of Identity '' ( Life magazine , June 29 , 1953 ) by Herbert Brean . It is one of the few Hitchcock films based on a true story and whose plot closely follows the real-life events . The Wrong Man had a notable effect on two significant directors : it prompted Jean-Luc Godard 's longest piece of written criticism in his years as a critic , and it has been cited as an influence on Martin Scorsese 's Taxi Driver .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bf6634d439517b825157af395565afe4", "text": "Officer Down Officer Down is a 2013 American action thriller film , directed by Brian A. Miller .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4171f828f5ac50b9648f97e86709ba9e", "text": "Fever Pitch (1997 film) Fever Pitch is a 1997 film starring Colin Firth , based loosely on Nick Hornby 's best-selling memoir , Fever Pitch : A Fan 's Life ( 1992 ) . Hornby also wrote the screenplay .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a0ab95b07216f9cefd824aece117c05e", "text": "Gary Cooper filmography The filmography of Gary Cooper chronicles the film appearances of American actor Gary Cooper . After starting his career in 1925 as a film extra and stuntman , Cooper made his official cinematic debut in 1926 in the Samuel Goldwyn production The Winning of Barbara Worth . He went on to become a contract player with Paramount Pictures where he established himself as a popular leading man prior to the end of the silent film era . Cooper 's future in the sound era was assured with the release of The Virginian ( 1929 ) , his first all-talkie film . For the next 32 years , he would be one of cinema 's top money-making stars . From 1936 to 1957 , Cooper ranked 18 times among the top ten box office attractions -- a record when he died in 1961 , and later surpassed only by John Wayne , who ranked among the top ten 25 times , Clint Eastwood ( 21 times ) and Tom Cruise ( 20 times ) . Cooper was nominated for the Best Actor Academy Award five times and won twice , for Sergeant York ( 1942 ) and High Noon ( 1952 ) . The latter film boosted his popularity , resulting in him being the number one box office attraction in 1953 . Cooper received a third Academy Award -- an honorary one -- just prior to his death in 1961 . His final film , The Naked Edge , was released shortly after his death . As of February 2008 , more than half of Gary Cooper 's feature films are available on DVD , while others not yet on home video are available for television broadcast . Unfortunately , at least two of his silent films -- Beau Sabreur ( 1928 ) and The Legion of the Condemned ( 1928 ) -- are now considered lost films . Another of his silent films , Wolf Song ( 1929 ) , was originally released as a part talkie , but survives only as a silent film . One of Cooper 's earliest talkies , Paramount on Parade ( 1930 ) , survives incomplete . The prints that are available for television are missing all but one of the film 's Technicolor scenes -- a partial restoration of these scenes was done by the UCLA Film Archives . This filmography contains sections for Cooper 's work as an extra in the earliest part of his film career , his feature film appearances , his occasional appearances in short films , and a section for a compilation film . Due to its length ( 92 films ) , the listing of his feature films is divided in four sections . Cooper 's film roles are listed , as well as the names of each film 's director and co-stars . Cooper 's awards and nominations are also listed . Except where noted , all of his films were shot in 35mm black and white . All films released prior to Lilac Time ( 1928 ) are silent films and all from The Virginian ( 1929 ) onward are sound films . The films made during the silent-to-sound transition are noted as being either silent or sound films . As an addendum , Cooper 's handful of television appearances are also listed .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5573fa8cd22289c31c73ed68449642df", "text": "City by the Sea City by the Sea is a 2002 film starring Robert De Niro , James Franco , Eliza Dushku , Frances McDormand and William Forsythe . It deals with the family problems of a wayward youth and is set against a man trying to break free of his past . It was directed by Michael Caton-Jones . It is based on the story of Vincent LaMarca .", "title": "" } ]	fever
1c769c601e64d77f82cce5f66c6e106a	All original members of Stone Temple Pilots were born in September.	[ { "docid": "cbe76170e56b847f088f8e49cfc1dace", "text": "Stone Temple Pilots Stone Temple Pilots ( sometimes abbreviated as STP ) are an American rock band from San Diego , California , that originally consisted of Scott Weiland ( lead vocals ) , brothers Dean ( guitar ) and Robert DeLeo ( bass , backing vocals ) , and Eric Kretz ( drums ) . Since the band 's formation in 1989 , its line-up remained unchanged until the firing of Weiland in 2013 , who was replaced by Linkin Park vocalist Chester Bennington . In 2015 , Bennington left the band to focus solely on Linkin Park . On December 3 , 2015 , Weiland was found dead on his tour bus prior to a performance with his band The Wildabouts . In 2016 , the band launched an online audition for a new lead vocalist . After forming in 1989 under the name Mighty Joe Young , the band signed with Atlantic Records and changed its name to Stone Temple Pilots . The band found immediate success in 1993 upon releasing their debut album , Core ( 1992 ) , and went on to become one of the most commercially successful bands of the 1990s . The band released four more studio albums : Purple ( 1994 ) , Tiny Music ... Songs from the Vatican Gift Shop ( 1996 ) , No. 4 ( 1999 ) and Shangri-La Dee Da ( 2001 ) , before separating in 2002 , after which the band members partook in various projects ( most notably Velvet Revolver and Army of Anyone ) . The band eventually reconvened in 2008 for a reunion tour , released a new self-titled album in 2010 , and actively toured until Chester Bennington 's departure . The band 's only material with Bennington was the EP High Rise in 2013 . While initially displaying a sound typically identified as grunge early on in its career , further releases from the band expressed a variety of influences , including psychedelic rock , bossa nova and classic rock . The band 's evolution throughout the 1990s and early 2000s involved several tumultuous periods of commercial highs and lows , brought about in part by Weiland 's well-publicized struggles with drug addiction .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bc83985b21ae7b1a60c4cf58ed999e4b", "text": "Dean DeLeo Dean DeLeo ( born August 23 , 1961 in Montclair , New Jersey ) is an American guitarist known for his work with rock band Stone Temple Pilots . Dean is also known for his role in the short-lived bands Talk Show and Army of Anyone . He is the older brother of Robert DeLeo , who plays bass for Stone Temple Pilots . DeLeo 's playing has received strong critical acclaim over the years . Stone Temple Pilots ' second album , Purple , released in 1994 , was ranked at # 73 on Guitar World 's 100 Greatest Guitar Albums of All-time list .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1a2093b0bfc48f44608716d1c3da6f4e", "text": "Scott Weiland Scott Richard Weiland ( -LSB- ˈwaɪlənd -RSB- born Scott Richard Kline ; October 27 , 1967 -- December 3 , 2015 ) was an American musician , singer and songwriter . During a career spanning three decades , Weiland was best known as the lead singer of the band Stone Temple Pilots from 1989 to 2002 and 2008 to 2013 . He was also a member of supergroup Velvet Revolver from 2003 to 2008 and recorded one album with another supergroup Art of Anarchy . He established himself as a solo artist as well , releasing three studio albums , two cover albums , a live album and collaborations with several other musicians since 1995 . Though derided by critics early in his career , Weiland 's onstage persona was known as being flamboyant and chaotic ; he was also known for constantly changing his appearance and vocal style , his use of a megaphone in concert for vocal effect , as well as his battles with substance abuse . Now widely viewed as a talented and versatile vocalist , Weiland has been ranked in the Top 100 Heavy Metal Vocalists by Hit Parader ( No. 57 ) . In 2012 , Weiland formed Scott Weiland and the Wildabouts , receiving mixed reviews : some critics and fans noted Weiland 's failing health . In December 2015 , Weiland died of an accidental drug overdose on his tour bus in Minnesota at the age of 48 . Upon his death , many critics and peers offered reevaluations of Weiland 's life and career , including David Fricke of Rolling Stone and Billy Corgan of The Smashing Pumpkins , the latter calling Weiland one of three `` voices of the generation '' alongside Kurt Cobain and Layne Staley .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "96054ec7898692c219f49729f34a9a01", "text": "Greg Sage Gregory Vernon Sage ( born September 1 , 1952 ) is an American songwriter , guitarist , and vocalist , regarded as an important influence on many punk rock and post-punk artists . Between 1977 and 1988 , Sage was the principal songwriter of the influential Portland , Oregon-based band Wipers . The mood of Sage 's lyrics is frequently dark , and rife with references to confusion and severe alienation . His song structures often take unexpected turns and are typified by fractured melodic passages punctuated by massive , intricate guitar parts , usually played on a Gibson SG . Sage has been involved in music professionally since the age of 17 , when he worked on a full-length album by the professional wrestler Beauregarde ( Beauregard , 1971 ; re-released 2004 ) . Since the demise of Wipers , Sage has also recorded several albums as a solo musician and operates his own label , Zeno Records , based in Phoenix , Arizona . He also builds musical equipment , including his own studio . Sage is right hander , but plays left-handed guitar .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bcde3fdeeea2fc4e129eb0da1d147e9f", "text": "September in the Rain (film) September in the Rain is an American one-reel animated cartoon short subject in the Merrie Melodies series , produced in Technicolor and released to theaters on December 18 , 1937 by Warner Bros. and Vitaphone . It was produced by Leon Schlesinger and directed by I. Freleng , with musical supervision by Carl W. Stalling . Timed at 5 minutes and about 50 seconds , September in the Rain may well be the shortest among all Warners Bros. . Merrie Melodies or Looney Tunes animated short subjects . Due to the controversy engendered by the sequences considered to depict racial stereotyping , it has been most commonly edited to a much shorter running of four or even three minutes , with the invariable excision of the Fats Waller -- Louis Armstrong `` Nagasaki '' production number and , frequently , the Al Jolson title song performance . Although not listed among the Censored Eleven , the cartoon has been exhibited infrequently , even in its brief censored version . Re-released under the `` Blue Ribbon '' label , September in the Rain was shorn of its original title card containing all the credited names , however , the recovered card , along with those for other `` Blue Ribbon '' reissues , is available for viewing .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4144e62fd2b13da319d66e7f2f6d293c", "text": "Peter Keys Peter Pisarczyk ( born May 30 , 1965 ) , better known as Peter Keys is an American keyboardist . He is best known for his work with George Clinton in various P-Funk line-ups and as a member of Lynyrd Skynyrd since 2009 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "255497fd9c33756f0dae0d44ab2e5f0d", "text": "Street Survivors Street Survivors is the fifth studio album by Southern rock band , Lynyrd Skynyrd , released on October 17 , 1977 . The LP is the last Skynyrd album recorded by original members Ronnie Van Zant and Allen Collins , and is the sole Skynyrd studio recording by guitarist Steve Gaines . Three days after the album 's release , the band 's chartered airplane crashed en route to Baton Rouge , Louisiana , killing the pilot , co-pilot , the group 's assistant road-manager and three band members ( Van Zant , Gaines , and Gaines ' older sister , backup singer Cassie Gaines ) , and severely injuring most who survived the crash . The album performed well on the charts , peaking at # 5 ( their first top 5 album ) , as did the singles `` What 's Your Name '' and `` That Smell '' , the former a top 20 hit on the singles chart . The album was an instant success , achieving gold certification just ten days after its release . It would later go double platinum .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3fabf230d1566e044c38f4253b178401", "text": "Mark Panick Mark Panick ( born August , 28 1956 , Chicago , Illinois , United States ) is an American musician , bandleader and songwriter best known for fronting the underground rock groups Bonemen of Barumba and Razorhouse .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "84efbd01ee41885c266f1fc9298f06ab", "text": "Stanton Moore Stanton Moore ( born July 9 , 1972 ) is a funk , jazz and rock drummer reared in Metairie in Jefferson Parish in suburban New Orleans , Louisiana . Most widely known as a founding member of Galactic , Moore has also pursued a solo recording career ( beginning with his 1998 debut All Kooked Out ! ) and recorded with bands as diverse as jazz-funk keyboardist Robert Walter and heavy metal act Corrosion of Conformity . He also travels internationally to teach New Orleans drumming , writes a regular column for drumming magazines , and releases instructional books and videos . As of 2008 some of Moore 's recent projects include the Stanton Moore Trio , Garage A Trois and the Midnite Disturbers . Moore performs with his Stanton Moore Trio including a variety of local and visiting musicians in New Orleans . As a trio he has toured nationally with keyboardist Robert Walter and guitarist Will Bernard . Additionally , Walter and Bernard are the credited musicians on Moore 's two most recent solo albums . Moore continues to perform with his co-founded Garage A Trois with Skerik , Mike Dillon and Marco Benevento . Moore organized the all-star brass band Midnite Disturbers with drummer Kevin O'Day . The Midnite Disturbers are Trombone Shorty and Jamelle Williams on trumpets , Big Sam and Mark Mullins on trombones , Ben Ellman and Skerik on saxophones , Jeffery Hills on sousaphone and Kevin O'Day and Moore on drums . Other ongoing collaborations include bands such as Dragon Smoke and MG5 . Dragon Smoke features Eric Lindell , Robert Mercurio , Ivan Neville and Stanton Moore . MG5 ( formerly Frequinox ) features Robert Walter , Robert Mercurio , Will Bernard , Donald Harrison , Jeff Coffin and Stanton Moore . Since Hurricane Katrina Moore has helped start and participates in the Tipitina 's Foundation workshop for students , providing young people an opportunity to learn , play and perform with professional musicians . Moore has collaborated with Tom Morello of Rage Against the Machine and Boots Riley of the Coup on a project under the name Street Sweeper Social Club , which released an album on June 16 , 2009 . Moore released Emphasis ! ( On Parenthesis ) on Telarc April 2008 as Stanton Moore Trio . The trio consists of longtime associates Robert Walter and Will Bernard . At the 2009 Winter NAMM Show in Anaheim , California Stanton Moore introduced a signature model snare drum under his own brand , The Stanton Moore Drum company of New Orleans . The drum is 4.5 '' x 14 '' made of titanium . Stanton worked closely with drum designer Ronn Dunnett ( Dunnett Classic Drums ) to create a drum that embodied the sound of a classic vintage snare drum that Stanton had once owned . Moore was also co-owner of the Crescent cymbals brand and has his own signature cymbal series which was later incorporated into the Crescent cymbal series now produced by Sabian . In addition to Sabian 's Crescent series , Moore also plays Gretsch drums and Remo drumheads . He also uses Vic Firth drumsticks , dw pedals , hardware , and accessories , and LP Percussion . In the July 2011 issue of Modern Drummer Stanton Moore won the reader polls in both the Educational Book and Educational DVD categories for his Groove Alchemy educational series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e77324fd6eb487699dda1a61a40e08a8", "text": "Born Late Born Late is the second studio album released by pop singer , Shaun Cassidy . The album was released in 1977 following the success of Cassidy 's self-titled debut album . The album yielded two hit singles . The first , `` Hey Deanie '' , was written by Eric Carmen , who also wrote the song `` That 's Rock 'n' Roll '' ( which was a hit from Cassidy 's first solo album ) . `` Hey Deanie '' reached # 7 in early 1978 . For the second single , also following the formula of his first album , Cassidy remade a 1960s hit , in this case The Lovin ' Spoonful 's `` Do You Believe in Magic ? '' ( which was written by John Sebastian ) . That single became a modest hit , peaking at # 31 on the US Billboard Hot 100 . Born Late was certified platinum . Unlike his first album , Cassidy wrote or co-wrote half of the songs . The track `` It 's Up To You '' was co-written with Cassidy by Lost In Space child-star Billy Mumy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7e79041fb21a32ffb2c6efecbeb29cc8", "text": "Rick DeJesus Rick Anthony DeJesus ( born September 20 , 1983 ) is an American singer and songwriter , best known for being the founder and lead vocalist of the hard rock bands , Adelitas Way and Sun Never Sets .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cf6bc033317800490cebd34d59fd0de2", "text": "Julian Temple Band Julian Temple Band is an alternative rock band from Dunedin , New Zealand fronted by Californian/New Zealand singer-songwriter Julian Temple . They formed in February , 2004 . It was founded by Californian singer-songwriter Julian Temple as a surf-rock inspired project after post-graduate work at the University of Otago . The group gets its name from the backing band that supports Julian at his performances . The band have independently recorded and released five albums ; In Sea ( 2006 ) , Quiet Earth ( 2009 ) , Balance Escapes ( 2010 ) , Upsidedownbackwards ( 2012 ) and Ceiling in the Sky ( 2015 ) . The band began when Julian Temple enlisted fellow music student and drummer Paul Mclennan-Kissel whom he met at the University , and finished the three-piece line up with bass player Matthew Brook in 2004 . The band began with performances in Dunedin , New Zealand , before playing larger venues around the country , including Rhythm and Vines 2004 in Gisborne , New Zealand . Julian Temple Band then released the highly acclaimed full-length album In Sea ( 2006 ) , drawing comparisons with Dave Matthews Band , Ben Harper , and Jack Johnson . After releasing sophomore effort Quiet Earth ( 2009 ) with Brook , the band continued as a trio with new bassist Scott Campbell . The band then released Balance Escapes ( 2010 ) , which yielded the hit song `` Debt Collector '' . In 2013 Temple recruited violinist and multi-instrumentalist Alex Vaatstra , and bass player and vocalist Paul McMillan to round out the line-up for Upsidedownbackwards ( 2013 ) . Within a week of its release , Upsidedownbackwards debuted on the New Zealand Artists Albums Chart and quickly climbed to number 7 over five weeks . With their fifth album Ceiling in the Sky , the band made their Official New Zealand Albums Chart debut , peaking at number 15 . Over the course of the band 's career they have toured extensively across New Zealand , Australia , and the United States , and received many accolades in their native New Zealand and abroad , including securing a finalist position in the 2013 International Songwriting Competition in the AAA category .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d9b79bcdeeb59622d3b187c205f57611", "text": "Dead & Company Dead & Company is a band consisting of former Grateful Dead members Bob Weir ( guitar ) , Mickey Hart ( drums ) , and Bill Kreutzmann ( drums ) , along with John Mayer ( guitar ) , Oteil Burbridge ( bass/drums ) , and Jeff Chimenti ( keyboards ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "704786c98668b6136401b43c0f84400f", "text": "Transplants (band) The Transplants are an American punk rock/rap rock supergroup . They formed in 1999 when Tim Armstrong ( of the bands Rancid and Operation Ivy ) played his friend and roadie Rob Aston some beats he had made using Pro Tools and asked Aston if he would consider contributing lyrics . Initially , Armstrong played all the instruments himself but as the project grew , he invited musician friends such as Matt Freeman ( Rancid ) , Lars Frederiksen ( Rancid ) , and Vic Ruggiero ( The Slackers ) to add to the sound . Before long , Armstrong and Aston decided to officially form a band , but to make things complete , they wanted a drummer , so Travis Barker from Blink-182 was asked to join in 2002 . After the release of their first album , The Transplants briefly disbanded in 2003 , due to all members being involved in their own projects , including Rancid and Blink-182 . Then in 2004 , they reunited to record their second album ( Haunted Cities ) before going on hiatus again until 2010 when the band has started to record new material . This new material was released as In a Warzone in 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a7857cf9768ff317f8d4c517ab2b4b13", "text": "America: A Tribute to Heroes America : A Tribute to Heroes was a benefit concert created by the heads of the four major American broadcast networks ; Fox , ABC , NBC and CBS . Joel Gallen was selected by them to produce and run the show . Actor George Clooney organized celebrities to perform and to staff the telephone bank . The marketing and public relations was headed by Warner Bros. . EVP Corp Comm with assistance from the marketing and publicity departments of all four broadcast networks . It was broadcast live by the four major American television networks and all of the cable networks in the aftermath of the September 11 attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon in 2001 . Done in the style of a telethon , it featured a number of national and international entertainers performing to raise money for the victims and their families , particularly the New York City firefighters and New York City police officers . It aired September 21 , 2001 , uninterrupted and commercial-free , for which it won a Peabody Award . It was released on December 4 , 2001 , on compact disc and DVD . On a dark stage illuminated by hundreds of candles , twenty-one artists performed songs of mourning and hope , while various actors and other celebrities delivered short spoken messages . The musical performances took place at three studios in Los Angeles ( CBS Television City ) , New York , and London , while the celebrity messages took place at Los Angeles . Some of the musicians including Neil Young and Eddie Vedder were heard working the phone banks taking pledges . The money raised amounted to over $ 200 million , and was given to the United Way 's September 11 Telethon Fund . In 2004 , Rolling Stone magazine selected this concert , along with the later The Concert for New York City , as one of the 50 moments that changed rock and roll . The show was also simulcast in Canada ; Young and another Canadian singer , Celine Dion , performed .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "433e8e7cb2b8e13cdd09008c3c40fcfa", "text": "Scott McCaughey Scott Lewis McCaughey is an American singer and songwriter and the leader of the Seattle and Portland-based bands The Young Fresh Fellows and The Minus 5 . He is also bassist for Robyn Hitchcock 's most recent touring band , The Venus 3 , along with Bill Rieflin ( drums ) and Peter Buck ( guitar ) . In June 2003 Scott recorded a song with Moween ( Peter Schoemaker/Bram van den Berg ) at the IDQ studio in Utrecht , called `` Move on '' . To be found on http://www.moween.eu . In 2008 , McCaughey formed the side band The Baseball Project with Buck , Steve Wynn and Linda Pitmon . Their first album , Volume 1 : Frozen Ropes and Dying Quails , celebrates many aspects of baseball culture , and includes a song in tribute to Pittsburgh Pirates pitcher Harvey Haddix . From 1994 through 2011 , he worked with R.E.M. both on stage and in the studio . While originally brought on as a second guitarist for the Monster tour , McCaughey remained with R.E.M. in various capacities until the band 's dissolution . He contributed to the studio albums New Adventures in Hi-Fi , Up , Reveal , Around the Sun , Accelerate and Collapse into Now . Additionally , he has received credits for his work on the live albums R.E.M. Live and Live at The Olympia album as well as their 2003 greatest hits collection , In Time . When working with R.E.M. , McCaughey played guitar , bass guitar , keyboards , and sang backing vocals . McCaughey also plays in Tuatara , an instrumental group which features Peter Buck from R.E.M.", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ca344a75876186bc33892b34130802eb", "text": "Al Cisneros Al Cisneros -LSB- sɪsˈnɛroʊs -RSB- ( born September 23 , 1973 ) is an American musician from San Jose , California . He is the singer and bassist for the stoner metal band Sleep . He is also the singer and bassist in the rhythm heavy drone band OM . He was a member of Shrinebuilder and Asbestosdeath and has put out six releases as a solo artist .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fff4801baca4167a26f66b8fe95af6ae", "text": "Kenny Edwards Kenneth Michael `` Kenny '' Edwards ( February 10 , 1946 -- August 18 , 2010 ) was an American singer , songwriter , bassist , guitarist , mandolinist , and session musician . He was a founding member of the Stone Poneys and Bryndle and a long-time collaborator with Linda Ronstadt and Karla Bonoff .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "39c514014bd4da9b37a0ee56382c1311", "text": "Sun Studio Sun Studio is a recording studio opened by rock-and-roll pioneer Sam Phillips at 706 Union Avenue in Memphis , Tennessee , on January 3 , 1950 . It was originally called Memphis Recording Service , sharing the same building with the Sun Records label business . Reputedly the first rock and roll single , Jackie Brenston and his Delta Cats ' `` Rocket 88 '' was recorded there in 1951 with song composer Ike Turner on keyboards , leading the studio to claim status as the birthplace of rock & roll . Blues and R&B artists like Howlin ' Wolf , Junior Parker , Little Milton , B.B. King , James Cotton , Rufus Thomas , and Rosco Gordon recorded there in the early 1950s . Rock and roll , country music , and rockabilly artists , including Johnny Cash , Elvis Presley , Carl Perkins , Roy Orbison , Charlie Feathers , Ray Harris , Warren Smith , Charlie Rich , and Jerry Lee Lewis , recorded there throughout the mid-to-late 1950s until the studio outgrew its Union Avenue location . Sam Phillips opened the larger Sam C. Phillips Recording Studio , better known as Phillips Recording , in 1959 to replace the older facility . Since Phillips had invested in the Holiday Inn Hotel chain earlier , he also recorded artists starting in 1963 on the label Holiday Inn Records for Kemmons Wilson . In 1957 , Bill Justis recorded his Grammy Hall of Fame song `` Raunchy '' for Sam Phillips and worked as a musical director at Sun Records . In 1969 , Sam Phillips sold the label to Shelby Singleton , and there was no recording-related or label-related activity again in the building until the September 1985 Class of '55 recording sessions with Carl Perkins , Roy Orbison , Jerry Lee Lewis , and Johnny Cash , produced by Chips Moman . In 1987 , the original building housing the Sun Records label and Memphis Recording Service was reopened by Gary Hardy as `` Sun Studio , '' a recording label and tourist attraction that has attracted many notable artists , such as U2 , Def Leppard , Bonnie Raitt , and Ringo Starr . In 2005 , Brian Setzer ( of Stray Cats fame ) released his Rockabilly Riot Vol . 1 : A Tribute To Sun Records album . Although not recorded at Sun it did feature various Sun Records recordings including some hits and other more obscure songs . In 2007 , Canadian rockabilly band the Kingmakers recorded a selection of originals and classics such as Elvis Presley 's `` That 's All Right '' at Sun Studio , released as their first CD `` Live at SUN Studio '' . In May 2009 , Canadian blues artist JW-Jones recorded with blues legend Hubert Sumlin , Larry Taylor and Richard Innes for his 2010 release at the studio . In July 2009 , John Mellencamp recorded nine songs for his album No Better Than This at the studio . In 2011 , Chris Isaak released `` Beyond the Sun , '' a collection of songs recorded at Sun Studio , most of which are cover versions of songs originally released on Sun Records .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f4b171a250203b3fb1797ee7e029eec8", "text": "Nine Reasons to Say Goodbye Nine Reasons to Say Goodbye is an album by the rock band A Day in the Life . It was released in 2001 and is the only album by the band under the A Day in the Life name before their name change to Hawthorne Heights . It features their entire original lineup . It was re-released in 2005 by Carbon Copy Media with a second disc that contains songs by 4 other bands who were signed to Carbon Copy Media , plus two other songs by A Day in the Life . The album cover is lead vocalist JT Woodruff taking a selfie in a bathroom mirror .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "83ae935c4ac7b28c949b09054f880547", "text": "List of awards and nominations received by Van Halen This is a list of awards and nominations for awards received by the rock band Van Halen . Van Halen is a hard rock band formed in Pasadena , California in 1972 and consisted of Eddie Van Halen on guitar , keyboards , and vocals , Alex Van Halen on drums and percussion , Michael Anthony on bass and vocals , and David Lee Roth on lead vocals . They enjoyed success from the release of their self-titled debut album in 1978 . As of 2007 Van Halen has sold more than 80 million albums worldwide -RSB- and have had the most number one hits on the Billboard Mainstream Rock chart . During the 1980s they also had more Billboard Hot 100 hits than any other hard rock or heavy metal band . According to the Recording Industry Association of America , Van Halen is the 19th best selling band/artist of all time with sales of over 56 million albums in the United States and is one of five rock bands that have had two albums sell more than 10 million copies in the United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "05b2d9539fae2e95b4e651c35325dda5", "text": "September (band) September was a Yugoslavian jazz rock band active between 1975 and 1979 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "002244df31f76e9deca8b6ca00dd280d", "text": "Ron \"Pigpen\" McKernan Ronald Charles McKernan ( September 8 , 1945 -- March 8 , 1973 ) , known as Pigpen , was an American singer and musician . He was a founding member of the San Francisco band the Grateful Dead and played in the group from 1965 to 1972 . McKernan grew up heavily influenced by African-American music , particularly the blues , and enjoyed listening to his father 's collection of records and taught himself how to play harmonica and piano . He began socializing around the San Francisco Bay Area , becoming friends with Jerry Garcia . After the pair had played in various folk and jug bands , McKernan suggested they form an electric group , which became the Grateful Dead . He was the band 's original frontman as well as playing harmonica and electric organ , but Garcia and bassist Phil Lesh 's influences on the band became increasingly stronger as they embraced psychedelic rock . McKernan struggled to keep up , causing the group to hire keyboardist Tom Constanten , with McKernan 's contributions essentially limited to vocals , harmonica and percussion from November 1968 to January 1970 . He continued to be a frontman in concert for some numbers , including covers of Bobby Bland 's `` Turn On Your Love Light '' and the Rascals ' `` Good Lovin ' '' . Unlike the other members of the Grateful Dead , McKernan avoided psychedelic drugs , preferring to drink alcohol ( namely whiskey and wine ) . By 1971 , his health had been affected by alcoholism and liver damage and doctors advised him to stop touring . Following a four-month hiatus , he resumed touring with the group in December 1971 but was forced to retire from touring altogether in June 1972 . McKernan was found dead of a gastrointestinal hemorrhage on March 8 , 1973 , aged 27 , and is buried at Alta Mesa Memorial Park in Palo Alto .", "title": "" } ]	fever
617f8e09ba19fe8630ff4c41e8719680	Audrey Horne was introduced in anything except a series that premiered on Sunday, April 8, 1990.	[ { "docid": "217230e2569ebf4ac5aa98020ffba4b1", "text": "Audrey Horne Audrey Horne is a fictional character from the ABC television series Twin Peaks , played by Sherilyn Fenn . The character was created by David Lynch . She was introduced in the pilot . The daughter of Ben ( Richard Beymer ) and Sylvia Horne , sister of Johnny Horne ( Robert Bauer ) and half-sister of Donna Hayward ( Lara Flynn Boyle ) , her storylines focused on her infatuation with the series protagonist Dale Cooper ( Kyle MacLachlan ) , infiltrating the brothel/casino One Eyed Jacks and becoming an activist through civil disobedience .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "181a8cd897226837d64cbe7ad3d1a9a8", "text": "Pilot (Twin Peaks) The pilot episode , also known as Northwest Passage , of the mystery television series Twin Peaks premiered on the ABC Network on Sunday , April 8 , 1990 . It was written by series creators Mark Frost and David Lynch , and directed by Lynch . The pilot follows the characters of Dale Cooper and Harry S. Truman as they investigate the death of popular high school student Laura Palmer ; Cooper believes the murder has connections to a murder case that occurred a year earlier . In addition to setting the tone for the show , the episode sets up several character and story arcs and marked the appearance of several recurring characters . The episode received a strong Nielsen household rating compared to other season one episodes and was well received by fans and critics alike . The original title for the series was Northwest Passage , but this was later changed .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "08eaa3e882b121bb7381e3ebf3f2f5f9", "text": "CBC Selects CBC Selects is a Canadian television anthology series , which premiered on CBC Television on October 5 , 2014 . The series will present a variety of programs from other public broadcasters around the world , including the BBC and the Australian Broadcasting Corporation . The first program airing as part of CBC Selects is the Australian drama series Janet King . The second program will be the BBC 's nature documentary Life Story .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c2ab638bb7b9bb55591bb5f04daa9fc8", "text": "The Early Bird Show The Early Bird Show was an Australian children 's television show that aired on Network Ten in Australia from 26 January 1985 until 10 June 1989 . The show was so popular that a magazine about it was published in 1989 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6310ffdddd2cd3dd4fd0b00e8e6d9e74", "text": "Testees Testees is a Canadian television series , created by Kenny Hotz ( of Kenny vs. Spenny ) and written and produced by Kenny Hotz and Derek Harvie ( of The Tom Green Show ) . Testees originally aired on Thursdays at 10:30 PM EST on FX and ran from October 9 , 2008 , to December 18 , 2008 . and debuted on October 14 , 2008 , on Showcase in Canada . The show is filmed in Toronto and Hamilton , Ontario . Testees is now showing on FX in the UK , I.Sat in Brazil and Comedy Central in Germany , Austria and the Netherlands . After one season , Testees was not renewed by FX .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a04008321ca98f4865082271e0acb326", "text": "The First Nighter Program The First Nighter Program was a long-running radio anthology comedy-drama series broadcast from November 27 , 1930 , to September 27 , 1953 . The host was Mr. First Nighter ( Charles P. Hughes , Macdonald Carey , Bret Morrison , Marvin Miller , Don Briggs and Rye Billsbury -LSB- later known as Michael Rye -RSB- ) . An article in a 1939 newspaper observed , `` First Nighter was the first show to present complete and separate original plays each week . '' The show 's opening recreated the aural atmosphere of a Broadway opening . Before each week 's drama began , Mr. First Nighter was first heard walking on Broadway , emerging from the noise of people and street traffic into the crowded lobby of `` the Little Theater Off Times Square '' and then taking his seat in the third row center , where he gave the whispered introduction : The house lights have dimmed , and the curtain is about to go up on tonight 's production . Romantic comedies were the specialty of the series , and the principal roles were played by the teams of Don Ameche and June Meredith ( 1930 -- 36 ) , Ameche and Betty Lou Gerson ( 1935 -- 36 ) , Les Tremayne and Barbara Luddy ( 1936 -- 43 ) and Olan Soule and Luddy ( 1943 and after ) . Joseph T. Ainley produced and directed the series . The announcers were Larry Keating and Vincent Pelletier . Music was provided by `` The Famous First Nighter Orchestra '' , under the direction of Eric Sagerquist ( 1930 -- 44 ) , Caesar Petrillo ( 1945 -- 46 ) and Frank Worth ( 1947 -- 53 ) . The most popular episode may have been the annual Christmas episode , `` Little Town of Bethlehem , '' which was first performed in 1937 and every year afterwards at the request of the listening audience . Performing before a studio audience , the actors wore formal attire , with Luddy in a gown and Tremayne clad in evening clothes and top hat . Commercial breaks were signalled with the usher 's cry `` Smoking downstairs and in the outer lobby only , please ! '' , with the action resuming with a buzzer and the usher 's curtain call . The series ran on four radio networks in the following timeline : NBC Blue Network : 11/27/30 to 09/29/33 NBC Red Network : 10/06/33 to 02/12/37 CBS : 02/19/37 to 12/21/37 NBC Red Network : 01/07/38 to 08/26/38 CBS : 09/02/38 to 05/29/42 Mutual : 10/04/42 to 10/25/44 CBS : 10/20/45 to 04/13/46 and 10/04/47 to 10/20/49 NBC ( reruns ) : 04/27/52 to 09/27/53 The show was hosted by The Campana Company and solely featured commercials for their products . Due largely in part to this exposure , their Italian Balm became the best-selling hand lotion in the United States in the 1930s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8c0fac9b6d20c4f29b8841b4dac59ac4", "text": "Audrey Roberts Audrey Roberts ( also Potter ) is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera , Coronation Street , played by Sue Nicholls . Audrey made her first appearance on 16 April 1979 and appeared on a recurring basis for three years until 1982 and returned in 1984 before becoming a full-time regular character the following year in 1985 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "76d932940df8d87517984c4fa16da4ac", "text": "Working It Out Working It Out is an American sitcom starring Jane Curtin and Stephen Collins that aired on NBC from August 22 to December 12 , 1990 . The series was created and executive produced by Bill Persky .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "326e50d7c8282afa8b8b8be470c305d2", "text": "Class Cruise Class Cruise is an American teen comedy television film that premiered on NBC on October 22 , 1989 . The film was directed by Oz Scott and written by Steven Long Mitchell and Craig W. Van Sickle .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3f803baf7c70a32a23b46a6c0a7f26ce", "text": "Sherilyn Fenn Sherilyn Fenn ( born Sheryl Ann Fenn February 1 , 1965 ) is an American actress . She came to attention for her performance as Audrey Horne on the 1990 cult TV series Twin Peaks ( 1990 -- 1991 ) for which she was nominated a Golden Globe Award and an Emmy Award . She is also known for her roles in Of Mice and Men ( 1992 ) , Boxing Helena ( 1993 ) and the television sitcom Rude Awakening ( 1998 -- 2001 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1dc51542ea942743bacb2c1a868d5e81", "text": "Hannah Montana (season 1) The first season of the television series Hannah Montana was aired on Disney Channel from March 24 , 2006 to March 30 , 2007 , and included 26 episodes . It introduces the five main characters of the series and Miley Stewart 's situation of living a secret double life as a teen pop star . The season also introduces several significant recurring characters such as Roxy Roker , Jake Ryan , and Rico Suave . The season 's soundtrack was released on October 24 , 2006 under the title Hannah Montana '' . The season itself was released on DVD as a four disc set on November 18 , 2008 , by Disney DVD . Certain individual episodes had been released earlier on other Hannah Montana DVDs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4e877512fe680b94d6843ae1897849d3", "text": "Emmanuelle in Space Emmanuelle in Space is an American erotic science fiction television series produced for cable and syndication in 1994 . It is loosely based upon the character Emmanuelle created by Emmanuelle Arsan in the 1960s and featured in dozens of softcore films over the years . The series was produced by Alain Siritzky , whose production company proceeded to make many Emmanuelle films for screen and TV during the 1990s and 2000s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "428b10dd0438c60c4a4b728cb82d3674", "text": "Teen drama A teen drama is a genre or type of drama series with a major focus on teenage and young adult characters . It came into prominence in the early 1990s , especially with the popularity of the Fox series Beverly Hills , 90210 . After 90210 became a success , television writers and producers realized the potential for this new genre to reach out to a previously ignored demographic . In the past , most series that maintained a focus on teenagers had been sitcoms , while adolescents in drama series were usually part of a larger ensemble that included adults and children . More often than not , teen dramas have soap opera elements , incorporating one or more ongoing story arcs spanning several episodes . The young characters must deal with the dramatic ups and downs of their friendships and romances while facing an array of issues thought to be typical of adolescence . There have also been many successful teen-based series with major science fiction , fantasy and action/adventure themes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7e02f74b1d695da08addfab8ecaadfdb", "text": "Uncle Buck (1990 TV series) Uncle Buck is an American television sitcom series based on the 1989 film of the same name starring John Candy . The TV series debuted in September 1990 on CBS , and aired through March 1991 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5969224c9a4cc25d97fcfc023d274d82", "text": "FM (1989 TV series) FM is an American television sitcom , which aired on NBC in 1989 and 1990 . The series title was a pun , referring both to the show 's setting at an FM radio station and to its themes of female-male interaction .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ef5b4bbc1956cc6ad28023a6f9639874", "text": "Rescue 911 Rescue 911 was an informational docudrama television series that premiered on CBS on April 18 , 1989 and ended on August 27 , 1996 . The series was hosted by William Shatner and featured reenactments ( and occasionally real footage ) of emergency situations that often involved calls to 911 . Though never intended as a teaching tool , various viewers used the knowledge they obtained watching the show . Two specials , titled `` 100 Lives Saved '' and `` 200 Lives Saved , '' were dedicated to these viewers who had written to CBS with their stories on how the knowledge they obtained watching the show allowed them to save the life of someone else . At least 350 lives have been saved as a result of what viewers learned from watching it . The show 's popularity coincided with the widespread adoption of the 911 emergency system , replacing standalone police and fire numbers that would vary from municipality to municipality . The number is now universally understood in the United States and Canada to be the number dialed for emergency assistance nationwide . At its height , the show was adapted in 45 countries ( with their own 911 equivalent showcased ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c6a919dce783ebad2cfee105e97e4ff8", "text": "Open Air Open Air was BBC1 's flagship programme for their new daytime service which began on 27 October 1986 . In 1987 an additional early morning episode was added , following the end of Breakfast Time , to help promote and inform viewers what topics would be covered in the main edition . Open Air had similarities to Channel 4 's programme Right to Reply , as it discussed all aspects of television and also tried to answer any questions which viewers had . Unlike Right to Reply , Open Air was transmitted live each weekday and had live phone-ins . The series covered all television channels and would often have programme makers and television management explaining their actions . It ended in 1990 , after 4 series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "76c0e754564babd4bbf9ccb4bca49662", "text": "List of Saved by the Bell episodes The following is a list of episodes for the NBC teen sitcom , Saved by the Bell . The series premiered on August 20 , 1989 and ended on May 22 , 1993 with 86 episodes produced spanning four seasons . The number of episodes was increased for syndication , adding re-purposed episodes of Good Morning , Miss Bliss ( excluding the pilot ) , the follow-up series Saved by the Bell : The College Years , and the TV movies Saved by the Bell : Hawaiian Style and Saved by the Bell : Wedding in Las Vegas ( broken into four episodes each ) . The total number of syndicated episodes is 126 , though the number aired varies by broadcaster . The storyline follows Zack Morris through junior high , high school and college , to his eventual marriage to Kelly Kapowski . The related series Saved by the Bell : The New Class maintains a separate storyline . The actual order is confused by the fact that DVD sets are in a different order than the air dates ( the DVDs are broken into 5 seasons instead of 4 ) . Note : Episode numbers in parentheses represent the order in the original series before extra episodes were added for syndication .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "35ea72822fcc112c787f47d5d37daaff", "text": "The Beatles (TV series) The Beatles is an American animated television series featuring representations of the popular English rock band of the same name . It ran from 1965 to 1969 on ABC in the U.S. ( only 1965 to 1967 was first run ; later transmissions were reruns ) . The series debuted on September 25 , 1965 and ended on September 7 , 1969 . A total of 39 episodes were produced . The series was shown on Saturday mornings at 10:30 AM EST until the 1967 third season when it was moved to 12:00 PM EST. . For the fourth season , which consisted of reruns , the series was shown at 9:30 AM EST on Sunday mornings . Each episode has a name of a Beatles song , so the story is based on its lyrics and it is also played at some time in the episode . The original series was rebroadcast in syndication by MTV in 1986 and 1987 and on the Disney Channel beginning in 1989 on Fridays at 5 PM . The series was a historical milestone as the first weekly television series to feature animated versions of real , living people .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8174ec93e2ba3beb9262c65c7f1e545c", "text": "Seder Anything `` Seder Anything '' is the twenty-first episode of the second season of the CW television series Gossip Girl . It premiered on CTV , Monday , 20 April 2009 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fedef2c3d663d238770c81801c083f34", "text": "Ione Skye Ione Skye Lee ( -LSB- aɪˈoʊni -RSB- née Ione Skye Leitch , September 4 , 1970 ) is a British-American actress who starred the 1989 movie Say Anything ... . In 2006 , VH1 placed her at number 84 on its `` 100 Greatest Teen Stars '' list .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3d127b55ea3e811848a07a8d32b364e1", "text": "Lassie (season 10) The tenth season of the television series Lassie began airing on CBS in the United States on September 29 , 1963 , and contained 29 episodes .", "title": "" } ]	fever
206dc415785012488e07d06222ed9382	Wyatt Earp's first wife died.	[ { "docid": "d444d079f0c65e8fd7bc5ec88b6f0ee8", "text": "Wyatt Earp Wyatt Berry Stapp Earp ( March 19 , 1848 -- January 13 , 1929 ) was an American Old West gambler , a deputy sheriff in Pima County , and deputy town marshal in Tombstone , Arizona Territory , who took part in the gunfight at the O.K. Corral , during which lawmen killed three outlaw cowboys . He is often regarded as the central figure in the shootout in Tombstone , although his brother Virgil was Tombstone city marshal and Deputy U.S. Marshal that day , and had far more experience as a sheriff , constable , marshal , and soldier in combat . Earp lived a restless life . He was at different times a constable , city policeman , county sheriff , Deputy U.S. Marshal , teamster , buffalo hunter , bouncer , saloon-keeper , gambler , brothel keeper , miner , and boxing referee . Earp spent his early life in Iowa . In 1870 , Earp married his first wife , Urilla Sutherland Earp , who contracted typhoid fever and died shortly before their first child was to be born . During the next two years Earp was arrested for stealing a horse , escaped from jail , sued twice , and was arrested and fined three times during the course of 1872 for `` keeping and being found in a house of ill-fame '' . His third arrest was subject of a lengthy account in the `` Daily Transcript '' which referred to him as an `` old offender '' and nicknamed him the `` Peoria Bummer '' . By 1874 he had arrived in the cattle boomtown of Wichita , Kansas where his brother had opened a brothel . On April 21 , 1875 he was appointed to the Wichita police force , and developed a solid reputation as a lawman . In April 1876 he was dismissed from his position as a lawman following an altercation with a political opponent of his boss which led to him being fined $ 30 . In 1876 , he followed his brother James to Dodge City , Kansas , where he became an assistant city marshal . In winter 1878 , he went to Texas to track down an outlaw and met John `` Doc '' Holliday , whom Earp later credited with saving his life . Earp moved constantly throughout his life from one boomtown to another . He left Dodge City in 1879 and moved to Tombstone with his brothers James and Virgil , where a silver boom was underway . There , the Earps clashed with a loose federation of outlaws known as the Cowboys . Wyatt , Virgil , and their younger brother Morgan held various law enforcement positions that put them in conflict with Tom and Frank McLaury , and Ike and Billy Clanton , who threatened on several occasions to kill the Earps . The conflict escalated over the next year , culminating on October 26 , 1881 in the gunfight at the O.K. Corral , in which the Earps and Holliday killed three of the Cowboys . In the next five months , Virgil was ambushed and maimed , and Morgan was assassinated . Pursuing a vendetta , Wyatt , his brother Warren , Holliday , and others formed a federal posse that killed three of the Cowboys whom they thought responsible . Wyatt was never wounded in any of the gunfights in which he took part , unlike his brothers Virgil and James , or his friend , Doc Holliday , which only added to his mystique after his death . Earp was a lifelong gambler and was always looking for a quick way to make money . After leaving Tombstone , Earp went to San Francisco where he reunited with Josephine Earp . She became his common-law wife . They joined a gold rush to Eagle City , Idaho , where they owned mining interests and a saloon . They left there to race horses and open a saloon during a real estate boom in San Diego , California . Back in San Francisco , Wyatt raced horses again , but his reputation suffered irreparably when he refereed the Fitzsimmons-Sharkey boxing match and called a foul that led many to believe that he fixed the fight . They moved briefly to Yuma , Arizona before joining the Nome Gold Rush in 1899 . In partnership with Charlie Hoxie they opened a two-story saloon called the Dexter and made an estimated $ 80,000 ( about $ 2 million in 2017 dollars ) . Returning to the lower 48 , they opened another saloon in Tonopah , Nevada , the site of a new gold find . In about 1911 , Earp began working several mining claims in Vidal , California , retiring in the hot summers with Josephine to Los Angeles . Wyatt Earp died on January 13 , 1929 . He was known as a Western lawman , gunfighter , and boxing referee . He had a notorious reputation for both his handling of the Fitzsimmons-Sharkey fight and his role in the O.K. Corral gunfight . This only began to change after his death when an extremely flattering biography was published in 1931 . It became a bestseller and created his reputation as a fearless lawman . Since then , Earp has been the subject of and model for numerous films , TV shows , biographies , and works of fiction that have increased his notoriety . He did , however , live to see himself being portrayed in the film Wild Bill Hickok , released in 1923 . Long after his death , he has many devoted detractors and admirers . Earp 's modern-day reputation is that of the Old West 's `` toughest and deadliest gunman of his day . ''", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "a8b6397c9919fcf5153905962b6568e3", "text": "Dovey Johnson Roundtree Dovey Johnson Roundtree ( born April 17 , 1914 ) is an African-American civil rights activist , ordained minister , and attorney . Her 1955 victory before the Interstate Commerce Commission in the first bus desegregation case to be brought before the ICC resulted in the only explicit repudiation of the `` separate but equal '' doctrine in the field of interstate bus transportation by a court or federal administrative body . That case , Sarah Keys v. Carolina Coach Company ( 64 MCC 769 ( 1955 ) ) , which Dovey Roundtree argued with her law partner and mentor Julius Winfield Robertson , was invoked by Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy during the 1961 Freedom Riders ' campaign in his successful battle to compel the Interstate Commerce Commission to enforce its rulings and end Jim Crow in public transportation . Roundtree was saluted by First Lady Michelle Obama on the occasion of the release of her 2009 autobiography , Justice Older than the Law , which Roundtree co-authored with Washington journalist Katie McCabe and which won the 2009 Letitia Woods Brown Award from the Association of Black Women Historians . In a letter made public at a July 23 , 2009 tribute to Roundtree at the Women in Military Service for America Memorial at Arlington National Cemetery , the First Lady cited Roundtree 's historic contributions to the law , the military and the ministry , and stated : `` It is on the shoulders of people like Dovey Johnson Roundtree that we stand today , and it is with her commitment to our core ideals that we will continue moving toward a better tomorrow . '' A protégé of black activist and educator Mary McLeod Bethune , Roundtree was selected by Bethune for the first class of African-American women to be trained as officers in the newly created Women 's Army Auxiliary Corps ( later the Women 's Army Corps ) during World War II . In 1961 she became one of the first women to receive full ministerial status in the African Methodist Episcopal Church , which had just begun ordaining women at a level beyond mere preachers in 1960 . With her controversial admission to the all-white Women 's Bar of the District of Columbia in 1962 , she broke the color bar for minority women in the Washington legal community . In one of Washington 's most sensational and widely covered murder cases , United States v. Ray Crump , tried in the summer of 1965 on the eve of the Watts riots , Roundtree won acquittal for the black laborer accused of the murder of Georgetown socialite ( and former wife of a CIA officer ) Mary Pinchot Meyer , a woman with romantic ties to President John F. Kennedy . The founding partner of the Washington , D.C. law firm of Roundtree , Knox , Hunter and Parker in 1970 following the death of her first law partner Julius Robertson in 1961 , Roundtree was special consultant for legal affairs to the AME Church , and General Counsel to the National Council of Negro Women . She was the inspiration for actress Cicely Tyson 's depiction of a maverick civil rights lawyer in the television series `` Sweet Justice '' , and the recipient , along with retired Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O'Connor , of the American Bar Association 's 2000 Margaret Brent Women Lawyers of Achievement Award . In 2011 a scholarship fund was created in her name by the Charlotte Chapter of the National Alumnae Association of Spelman College . Roundtree also received the 2011 Torchbearer Award from the Women 's Bar Association of the District of Columbia , the organization which she integrated in 1962 . In March 2013 an affordable senior living facility in the Southeast Washington DC community where she ministered was named `` The Roundtree Residences '' in her honor . She turned 100 in April 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "46a18de855d118ce1831d0fedf8a8d2d", "text": "Quanah Parker Star House The Quanah Parker Star House , with stars painted on its roof , is located in the city of Cache , county of Comanche , in the U.S. state of Oklahoma . It was added to the National Register of Historic Places listings in Comanche County , Oklahoma , in 1970 . Built by Comanche chief Quanah Parker circa 1890 , the structure was purchased by his daughter Laura Neda Parker Birdsong upon Parker 's 1911 death . Originally located near the Wichita Mountains north of Cache on Fort Sill 's west range , Birdsong moved the house from its original location to Cache and sold it to Herbert Woesner in 1958 . Although no one can be certain why Parker painted the stars on his roof , lore has it that he meant it as a display of rank and importance equal to a military general . The current owner , Woesner 's nephew Wayne Gipson , offered the explanation told to him by Parker 's descendants that the Chief had been to Washington D.C. to speak with Theodore Roosevelt , and while there had stayed in a `` five star hotel '' . Parker had 10 stars painted on his roof to explain to Roosevelt upon his arrival that he would have better accommodations with ten stars instead of five . The Preservation Oklahoma organization has listed the Star House as endangered . After Parker 's surrender in 1875 , he lived for many years in a reservation tipi . Parker decided that he needed living quarters more befitting his status among the Comanches , and more suitable to his position as a spokesperson for the white cattle owners . In order to accommodate his multiple wives and children , this two-story eight-bedroom clapboard house with ten-foot ceilings and a picket fence was constructed for Parker . Request for financial assistance was denied by the United States government . Parker 's friends in the cattle business , in particular 6666 Ranch owner Samuel Burk Burnett , financed the building of the house . The cost of construction was slightly over $ 2,000 ( $ 48,000 in 2010 , adjusted for inflation ) . In his formal wallpapered dining room with its wood-burning stove , Parker entertained white business associates , celebrities and tribal members alike . Among his celebrated visitors was Theodore Roosevelt . Parker was a founding supporter of the Native American Church . His home was often the scene of practitioners who sought him out for spiritual advice . Parker fed hungry tribal members in his home and was known to never turn away anyone .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7102e8b4f69375e245372803a73d1ab5", "text": "Lynching of Laura and L. D. Nelson Laura and L. D. Nelson ( born c. 1878 and 1897 ) were an African-American mother and son who were lynched on May 25 , 1911 , near Okemah , Okfuskee County , Oklahoma . L. D. had shot and killed Okemah 's deputy sheriff , George Loney , on May 2 , while Loney and a posse were searching the Nelsons ' farm for a stolen cow . L. D. and Laura were both charged with murder , in Laura 's case because she had been the first to grab the gun . Her husband , Austin , pleaded guilty to larceny and was sent to the relative safety of the state prison in McAlester . Laura and L. D. were held in the Okemah county jail , possibly along with Laura 's baby , to await trial . During the night of May 24 -- 25 , Laura and L. D. were kidnapped from their cells by between a dozen and 40 white men , allegedly including Charley Guthrie , father of the folk singer Woody Guthrie . The Associated Press reported that Laura was raped . She and L. D. were then hanged from a railroad bridge over the North Canadian River . According to one source , Laura 's baby was with her but survived the attack . Sightseers gathered on the bridge in the morning . George Henry Farnum , the owner of Okemah 's only photography studio , took photographs , which were distributed as postcards , a common practice at the time . The district judge convened a grand jury , but the killers were never identified . Four of Farnum 's photographs are known to have survived -- two spectator scenes and one close-up view each of Laura and L. D. Three of the images were re-published in 2000 and exhibited at the Roth Horowitz Gallery in New York by James Allen , an antique collector . The images of Laura Nelson are the only known surviving photographs of a female lynching victim .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f993b8d862784ef8641c56ebedd44d5c", "text": "A. C. and Mamie Forehand A. C. ( also , `` Asey '' or `` Asa '' ) Forehand and ( Blind ) Mamie Forehand were husband and wife American gospel musicians . They recorded four songs for Victor Records in 1927 . A. C. is credited with the two songs recorded on February 25 , and Mamie with the two recorded on February 28according to which one of them sang , but both played on all four : A. C. guitar and harmonica , Mamie an instrument variously identified as triangle or finger cymbals . A. C. was born in Columbus , Georgia on August 9 , 1890 ( according to his second wife , Frances ) or 1893 ( according to the Social Security Death Index ) . He lost his sight in 1904 . Mamie is said to have been born on June 8 , 1895 ; she too was blind . In the 1920 Census , A. C. gave his age as 29 ( which is consistent with the 1890 birth date ) and his profession as `` None '' . Mamie was registered as being 23 , and their daughter Rideth Mae as being three years old . The family was at that time residing in Birmingham , Alabama . Around 1930 , the family moved to Memphis , Tennessee . Mamie died ; and in 1936 , A. C. married Frances Forest ( born July 5 , 1920 in New Orleans ) , a blind pianist and organist . In the 1960s , the couple were active in the Church of God in Christ . A. C. died on May 9 , 1972 and is buried in Rose Hill Cemetery in Memphis , in an unmarked grave . Frances outlived him .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a7ef242cc8208c8279dd7dbe62713352", "text": "Florence Moore Florence E. Moore ( November 13 , 1886 -- March 23 , 1935 ) was an American vaudeville , Broadway performer , and actress in silent films . Born in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , Moore began singing in the choir of Saint Clement 's Church , Philadelphia at the age of thirteen . She began touring with the stock company of her brother Frank Moore . Florence got her first opportunity in Moscow , Idaho , when a male member of the cast failed to appear . Thereafter she was a regular with the company , playing the role of a Chinese without pay . Her first Broadway appearance came in 1912 , as Clorinda Scribblem in Hanky Panky . During the next twenty years she participated in numerous productions . As a comedian she performed in musical comedies , revues on Broadway , and headlined as a vaudeville actress while touring America . While working in The Champagne Girls , Florence met and married William J. Montgomery and they became part of a popular vaudeville team . She divorced Montgomery and married John O. Kerner . Later she was separated from Kerner . Records show that she was also married to Jules I. Schwob . To theatregoers in New York , New York Florence is perhaps best known for being the first female emcee at the Palace Theatre . as well as her performance in Parlor , Bedroom and Bath . The production debuted in New York and played for two years on the road . Her final appearance on the New York stage came in 1932 , in a revival of Cradle Snatchers . She starred in the role of Mary Boland which had been created seven years earlier . As a motion picture actress Moore had a brief career . Films in which she appeared are The Old Melody ( 1913 ) opposite King Baggot , The Weakness of Strength ( 1916 ) , and The Secret of Eve ( 1917 ) opposite Olga Petrova . She belonged to the Actors ' Equity Association and the Twelfth Night Club . Florence Moore died in the Fitzgerald Mercy Hospital in Darby , Pennsylvania in 1935 , aged forty nine . Death followed an operation for cancer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bf0e4f547c08de7d5d211769f94fda79", "text": "Wild Bill Hickok (film) Wild Bill Hickok is a 1923 American Western silent film directed by Clifford Smith , and written by William S. Hart and J.G. Hawks . It stars William S. Hart , Ethel Grey Terry , Kathleen O'Connor , James Farley , Jack Gardner , Carl Gerard and William Dyer . The film was released on November 18 , 1923 , by Paramount Pictures . It was the first film to depict Wyatt Earp , although in a very brief role , and the only film made before he died in 1929 that included his character , until Law and Order was released in 1932 . A print of the film exists in the Museum of Modern Art film archive .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "03ca56347183f7182af533148738f2ce", "text": "Wyatt Gallery Wyatt Gallery is an American photographer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2562ec7be63efb967c28035e2beb4d15", "text": "Helen Dortch Longstreet Helen Dortch Longstreet ( April 20 , 1863 -- May 3 , 1962 ) , known as the `` Fighting Lady , '' was the second wife of Confederate General James Longstreet . She earned her nickname from being a champion of causes such as preservation of the environment and civil rights . She is also remembered for her work as a Confederate memorialist and postmistress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a5650266bab4567db9cf89b9387aad4", "text": "Eleanor Cripps Kennedy Eleanor Eliza Cripps Kennedy ( 1825 -- 1913 ) was a Canadian businesswoman , musician , artist , and author . Born in London , England , on 2 November 1825 , Kennedy emigrated to the Red River Settlement ( now Manitoba ) with her husband William Kennedy in 1861 to establish a mission school for the Church of England . Though they tried to return to England in 1862 , they were trapped by a Sioux uprising in Minnesota that prevented them from leaving the province by their intended route . After returning to Red River , the couple imported the second piano to appear in the settlement , on which Kennedy performed . They built the first frame house in Manitoba in 1866 , which they called `` Maple Grove '' . Kennedy organized a clothing club during the `` severe grasshopper plagues of the later 1860s '' . Known locally as `` The Duchess '' , she was heavily involved in efforts to open a hospital in the settlement . The Kennedys were next caught up in the Red River Rebellion in 1869 -- Eleanor was said to have personally delivered a letter to Louis Riel asking him to stop the fighting . `` Distressing '' gossip arose that she had petitioned for the life of Riel and demanded the death of Thomas Scott . She appealed to Robert Machray to address the source of the rumours , her parish priest , from whom she refused to take communion ; she threatened to leave the church if this was not done , and Machray had the priest apologize . After the entrance of the province of Manitoba into Canadian Confederation , Kennedy established a millinery business to import clothing and foodstuffs , which provided the family with financial support while William was stricken with rheumatism . While it was initially successful , `` William began stocking inferior products , accepting land deeds and scrip in payment '' , resulting in its eventual failure . William died in January 1890 . Kennedy moved to Virden , Manitoba , where she painted nature works , played organ at the local church , and wrote poetry . She died on 4 October 1913 and was buried in St. Andrews , Manitoba .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f6ac12987ebcbac44dbdd61e09cd9c96", "text": "Josie Bassett Josie Bassett ( January 17 , 1874 -- May 1 , 1964 ) was a female rancher . She and her sister `` Queen '' Ann Bassett are known for their love affairs and associations with well-known outlaws , particularly Butch Cassidy 's Wild Bunch .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c1ea316cd01f54852e0ba5f5714fd44a", "text": "Jackson Barnett Jackson Barnett ( 1 January 1856 -- 29 May 1934 ) was an Oklahoma landowner of the Muscogee or Creek people , who became known as `` the world 's richest Indian '' when oil wells on his land produced as much as $ 24 million worth of oil starting in 1912 . Barnett 's 12.5 % royalty share was worth between $ 3 million and $ 4 million , but due to Barnett 's illiteracy and a court finding that Barnett was legally incompetent from a head injury , his money was administered by the Creek County courts and the U.S. Department of the Interior until 1920 . Jackson was the son of a mixed Creek farmer , Siah Barnett , and a Creek woman named Thlesothle . Orphaned at an early age , he was raised by his mother 's relatives . He suffered a head injury after falling from a horse as a young man . As a result of the Curtis Act of 1898 , Barnett received title to 160 acre in Creek County in 1903 , but the land was administered in trust by the Department of the Interior . During the same decade , Barnett was a supporter of the Crazy Snake Rebellion . With the discovery of oil on Barnett 's lands in 1912 , a series of court actions by interested parties litigated the control of Barnett 's trust . Barnett was declared incompetent and denied access to his affairs simply because he only spoke the Muscogee Creek language and not English . Barnett was permitted a modest income and was installed in a house near Henryetta . In 1919 the courts allowed the diversion of money from Barnett 's trust to the construction of the `` Jackson Barnett Hospital '' in Henryetta . In 1920 Barnett , then in his seventies , married Anna Laura Lowe ( 1881-1952 ) , a fortune hunter whom he had met only once before . The couple had to marry in Kansas after a marriage license was denied in Oklahoma . Barnett 's guardians were unable to annul the marriage and the hospital plans were never pursued . Instead , the trust was divided between Anna Barnett and Bacone Indian College . The Barnetts moved to Los Angeles and bought a mansion on Wilshire Boulevard , where Jackson passed his time directing traffic at a nearby intersection . Legal actions continued from 1923 to 1929 , which provoked congressional hearings on the role of the Bureau of Indian Affairs in establishing and administering the Barnett trust and others like it . The hearings led to criticism of BIA administrator Charles H. Burke 's actions , and during the 1930s , to the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 . In 1927 Barnett v. Equitable again proclaimed Jackson Barnett incompetent in federal court . In March 1934 another federal ruling annulled the Barnetts ' marriage and Anna Barnett 's rights to Jackson 's trust on the grounds that Jackson had been `` kidnapped '' by a woman of suspect moral character , but allowed Anna to act as Jackson 's caretaker . Jackson Barnett died on 29 May 1934 of natural causes : allegations that Anna had poisoned him were found to be false . Anna was finally evicted from the Wilshire Boulevard residence after four years , even though she had gained significant support from Los Angeles society , including Los Angeles District Attorney Burton Fitts and California Governor Frank Merriam . Anna had to be tear-gassed after she threw a hatchet during the eviction , and lived the remainder of her life with a daughter while unsuccessfully attempting to regain a share of the Barnett estate , which amounted to $ 3.5 million in 1934 ( $ 55.4 million estimated value in 2012 dollars ) . In 1982 the Jackson Barnett No. 11 Oil Well , the most productive well on Barnett 's lands , was listed on the National Register of Historic Places .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd7f06488d2e6e0be0e5b93c9270031a", "text": "Helen Herron Taft Helen Louise Herron `` Nellie '' Taft ( June 2 , 1861 -- May 22 , 1943 ) was the wife of William Howard Taft and First Lady of the United States from 1909 to 1913 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7ebff14ca57e0990493ed1cbcd599385", "text": "Margaret Suckley Margaret Lynch Suckley ( pronounced Sook-lee ; December 20 , 1891 -- June 29 , 1991 ) was a sixth cousin , intimate friend , and confidante of US President Franklin D. Roosevelt , as well as an archivist for the first American presidential library . She was one of four women at the Little White House with Roosevelt in Warm Springs , Georgia , when he died of a cerebral hemorrhage in 1945 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e16e2fa4ceeabaf7d202ed7c59a2be23", "text": "Fred J. Dodge Frederick J. Dodge ( August 29 , 1854 -- December 16 , 1938 ) was an undercover Wells Fargo detective , a constable in Tombstone , Arizona , and Texas cattleman . He was born in Spring Valley in northern Butte County , California and was raised in Sacramento . He worked as undercover agent for Wells Fargo in California , Nevada and Arizona . In December 1879 , he was working in Tombstone , Arizona and recommended that Wyatt Earp be hired as a guard and messenger for the stage line . The two quickly became good friends and Dodge supported Wyatt and his brothers in their troubles in Tombstone that led up to the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral and afterward . He and Wyatt remained friends the rest of their lives .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1d9c87465ae2fa37db969816c5be7a93", "text": "Abigail Adams Abigail Adams ( née Smith ; November 22 -LSB- O.S. November 11 -RSB- 1744 -- October 28 , 1818 ) was the closest advisor and wife of John Adams , as well as the mother of John Quincy Adams . She is sometimes considered to have been a Founder of the United States , and is now designated as the first Second Lady and second First Lady of the United States , although these titles were not in use at the time . Adams 's life is one of the most documented of the first ladies : she is remembered for the many letters she wrote to her husband while he stayed in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , during the Continental Congresses . John frequently sought the advice of Abigail on many matters , and their letters are filled with intellectual discussions on government and politics . In one of her more famous letters she implores her husband and his colleagues , all of whom were male , to , '' ... remember the ladies ... If particular care and attention is not paid to the Ladies we are determined to foment a Rebellion , and will not hold ourselves bound by any Laws in which we have no voice , or Representation . '' Her letters also serve as eyewitness accounts of the American Revolutionary War home front .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b07d5da753fe4f25ab78ce63a41af6d7", "text": "Ada Copeland King Ada Copeland was the common-law wife of the American geologist Clarence King , who was appointed as the first director of the United States Geological Survey . Copeland was presumed born a slave on or around December 23 , 1860 in Georgia . As a young woman , she moved to New York in the mid-1880s and worked as a nursemaid . In about 1887 , she became involved with Clarence King , an upper-class white man who presented himself to her as a light-skinned black Pullman porter under the name of James Todd . ( Given the long history of slavery in the United States , many African Americans had European ancestry . Some passed or identified as white , given their majority white ancestry . ) They married in September 1888 , with King living as Todd with her , but as Clarence King while working in the field . They had five children together , four of whom survived to adulthood . Their two daughters married white men ; their two sons served classified as blacks during World War I. Before his death from tuberculosis in 1901 , King wrote to Copeland confessing his true identity . After King died , Copeland embarked on a thirty-year battle to gain control of the trust fund he had promised her . Her representatives included the notable lawyers Everett J. Waring , the first black lawyer to argue a case before the Supreme Court of the United States , and J. Douglas Wetmore , who contested segregation laws in Jacksonville , Florida . Eventually , in 1933 , the court determined that King had died penniless , and no money was forthcoming . John Hay , a friend of King 's , provided Ada King with a monthly stipend and , after his death in 1905 , Hay 's daughter Helen Hay Whitney continued the support . The stipend eventually stopped , though Copeland until her death continued to live in the house John Hay had bought for her . She died on April 14 , 1964 , one of the last of the former American slaves .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c54ca935c220323e07501c78a76f6a80", "text": "Marion Davies Marion Cecilia Davies ( née Douras January 3 , 1897 -- September 22 , 1961 ) was an American film actress , producer , screenwriter , and philanthropist . Davies was already building a solid reputation as a film comedian when newspaper tycoon William Randolph Hearst , with whom she had begun a romantic relationship , took over management of her career . Hearst financed Davies ' pictures , promoted her heavily through his newspapers and Hearst Newsreels , and pressured studios to cast her in historical dramas for which she was ill-suited . For this reason , Davies is better remembered today as Hearst 's mistress and the hostess of many lavish events for the Hollywood elite . In particular , her name is linked with the 1924 scandal aboard Hearst 's yacht when one of his guests , film producer Thomas Ince , died . In the film Citizen Kane ( 1941 ) , the title character 's second wife -- an untalented singer whom he tries to promote -- was widely assumed to be based on Davies . But many commentators , including Citizen Kane writer/director Orson Welles himself , have defended Davies ' record as a gifted actress , to whom Hearst 's patronage did more harm than good . She retired from the screen in 1937 , choosing to devote herself to Hearst and charitable work . In Hearst 's declining years , Davies provided financial as well as emotional support until his death in 1951 . She married for the first time eleven weeks after his death , a marriage which lasted until Davies died of stomach cancer in 1961 at the age of 64 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f648e7584dc88c0c43ff0e82ec183148", "text": "Cochise County in the Old West Cochise County in the Old West was the site of ongoing Apache Indian attacks and a bitter feud between outlaw Cowboys and lawmen like Virgil Earp and his brothers . The county was carved off in 1881 from the easternmost portion of Pima County during a formative period in the American Southwest . Tensions began as soon as American settlers began arriving in what is now Cochise County . The time period was characterized by rapidly growing boomtowns , ongoing Apache raids , smuggling and cattle rustling across the United States-Mexico border , growing ranching operations , and the expansion of new technologies in mining , railroading , and telecommunications . In the 1860s , following the Gadsden Purchase and the arrival of American settlers , conflict between the Apaches and the Americans was at its height . Pima County and later Cochise County were located in the center of the Apache wars and until 1886 there was almost constant warfare in that region adjacent to the Mexican border . In addition to the conflict with the Native Americans , during the 1870s and 1880s , there was considerable tension between the rural residents who were for the most part Democrats from the agrarian Confederate States and town residents and business owners who were largely Republicans from the industrial Union States . The tension culminated in what has been called the Cochise County feud , or the Earp-Clanton feud , which ended with the historic Gunfight at the O.K. Corral and Wyatt Earp 's Vendetta Ride . Dr. George E. Goodfellow described Tombstone , the capital of Cochise County , as the `` condensation of wickedness . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "552dcd84ebe20e05e4503185ed0dbf9c", "text": "Edna Gallmon Cooke Madame Edna Gallmon Cooke ( 1918 - September 4 , 1967 ) was a renowned gospel singer and recording artist from 1949 until her death in 1967 . Personal information about Ms. Cooke is scarce and most of her biographical details have been gleaned from the liner notes of her various albums . Ms. Gallmon Cooke is best known for her recordings of `` Stop Gambler '' and `` Heavy Load '' . Born in Columbia , South Carolina in 1918 , the daughter of a Baptist preacher , Reverend Eddie J. Gallmon also a former pastor at Bethlehem Baptist Church ( College place ) . Edna Gallmon Cooke was more formally educated and musically trained than most of her gospel peers . As a young adult , she lived and studied in Washington D.C. and Philadelphia , attending Temple University and briefly teaching elementary school . She had contemplated a career in semi-classics and show tunes when she underwent a musical conversion of sorts after hearing gospel singer , Willie Mae Ford Smith in the late 1930s . `` I was shocked . The woman sang with such finesse ... I knew I had to be a gospel singer . '' Shortly after , Ms. Gallmon Cooke joined the Holiness Church and became preeminently consecrated -- with the Holiness Church bestowing the honorific ` Madame ' to her name to announce her devotion . During the 1940s , Madame Gallmon Cooke toured the Southeast , billed as the `` Sweetheart of the Potomac '' . She performed hymns and gospel songs in the manner of Willie Mae Ford Smith , but her mezzo-soprano could not duplicate Smith 's contralto blasts . Elaborating on that style , Gallmon Cooke returned to familiar sources , popularizing the sermonettes and spirituals her father Eddie Gallmon had performed in the 1920s . Madame Gallmon Cooke became a `` transcendent moaner and a mistress of what note-bending musicologists call melisma and church folks call curlicues , runs and flowers and frills . '' Ms. Cooke began recording in the late 1940s for the Nashboro Recording Label in Nashville , TN usually accompanied by her father 's choir , The Young People 's Choir of the Springfield Baptist Church of Washington , DC . Her later recordings included male vocal groups . Madame Gallmon Cooke 's commanding switch in styles occurred after her marriage to Barney Parks , Jr. , a former member of The Dixie Hummingbirds and a founder of The Sensational Nightingales . They had met in 1951 when Marie Knight , Rosetta Tharpe 's old partner , organized a tour featuring herself , Cooke , and The Nightingales . Under Park 's management and direction , Madame Edna Gallmon Cooke became a household name in gospel . It is suspected that the name Cooke was from her first marriage which ended because of the death of her husband . The liner notes to `` Mother Smith and Her Children '' describes Madame Cooke as `` an exquisite stylist , with a sensuous appeal akin to Billie Holiday . She is referred to as rap music 's gospel progenitor ; a penchant for rhymed , spoken chants produced her most famous recordings . '' Ms. Cooke died in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania on September 4 , 1967 . She was 49 years old .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8702e8b6582cc80ba3e4d235c1d02d95", "text": "Wyatt Hall (Franklin, Tennessee) Wyatt Hall is a property in Franklin , Tennessee that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980 . It was built or has other significance in c. 1805 and 1847 . It includes Federal architecture . When listed the property included one contributing building and two non-contributing buildings on an area of 8.4 acre . The building is one of the oldest houses in Middle Tennessee , and its walls were plastered with a mix of hogs ' hair , lime , and sand . A smokehouse and a storage shed stand on the property , both `` original '' log structures .", "title": "" } ]	fever
3069278a7033438c809e78a0e3bfd7ad	Ricin comes from animals.	[ { "docid": "9db2d0d02c06155ffe8f734a29c0b41e", "text": "Ricin Ricin ( -LSB- ˈraɪsɪn -RSB- ) is a highly toxic , naturally occurring lectin ( a carbohydrate-binding protein ) produced in the seeds of the castor oil plant , Ricinus communis . A dose of purified ricin powder the size of a few grains of table salt can kill an adult human . The median lethal dose ( LD50 ) of ricin is around 22 micrograms per kilogram of body weight if the exposure is from injection or inhalation ( 1.78 milligram for an average adult ) . Oral exposure to ricin is far less toxic as some of the poison is inactivated in the stomach . An estimated lethal oral dose in humans is approximately 1 milligram per kilogram .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "d9ef0d8a8c27e40570e35f8d55a04d62", "text": "Black Death in England The Black Death was a pneumonic plague pandemic , which reached England in June 1348 , and died down by December 1349 . It was the first and most severe manifestation of the Second Pandemic , caused by Yersinia pestis bacteria . The term `` Black Death '' was not used until the late 17th Century . Originating in China , it spread west along the trade routes across Europe and arrived on the British Isles from the English province of Gascony . The plague seems to have been spread by flea-infected rats , as well as individuals who had been infected on the continent . Rats were the reservoir hosts of the Y. pestis bacteria and the Oriental rat flea was the primary vector . The first known case in England was a seaman who arrived at Weymouth , Dorset , from Gascony in June 1348 . By autumn , the plague had reached London , and by summer 1349 it covered the entire country , before dying down by December . Low estimates of mortality in the early twentieth century have been revised upwards due to re-examination of data and new information , and a figure of 40 -- 60 % of the population is widely accepted . The English government handled the crisis well , and the country did not experience the extreme reactions that were seen elsewhere in Europe . The most immediate consequence was a halt to the campaigns of the Hundred Years ' War . In the long term , the decrease in population caused a shortage of labour , with subsequent rise in wages , resisted by the landowners , which caused deep resentment among the lower classes . The Peasants ' Revolt of 1381 was largely a result of this resentment , and even though the rebellion was suppressed , in the long term serfdom was ended in England . The Black Death also affected artistic and cultural efforts , and may have helped advance the use of the vernacular . In 1361 -- 62 the plague returned to England , this time causing the death of around 20 % of the population . After this the plague continued to return intermittently throughout the 14th and 15th centuries , in local or national outbreaks . From this point on its effect became less severe , and one of the last outbreaks of the plague in England was the Great Plague of London in 1665 -- 66 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a9554175bd49a76eabbf4522f1e3068c", "text": "Tar (tobacco residue) Tar is the common name for the resinous , partially combusted particulate matter produced by the burning of tobacco and other plant material in the act of smoking . Tar is toxic and damages the smoker 's lungs over time through various biochemical and mechanical processes . Tar also damages the mouth by rotting and blackening teeth , damaging gums , and desensitizing taste buds . Tar includes the majority of mutagenic and carcinogenic agents in tobacco smoke . Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ( PAH ) , for example , are genotoxic via epoxidation . There is a common misconception that the tar in cigarettes is equivalent to the tar used on roads . As a result of this , cigarette companies in the United States , when prompted to give tar/nicotine ratings for cigarettes , usually use `` tar , '' in quotation marks , to indicate that it is not the road surface component . Tar is occasionally referred to as an acronym for total aerosol residue , a backronym coined in the mid-1960s . Tar , when in the lungs , coats the cilia causing them to stop working and eventually die , causing such conditions as lung cancer as the toxic particles in tobacco smoke are no longer trapped by the cilia but enter the alveoli directly . Thus , the alveoli can not come through with the process that is called ` gas exchange ' which is the cause of rough breathing . The tar from cigarette smoke is similar to that of marijuana smoke .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8a1a9195f38dff8422c5e54e1d4dd354", "text": "Horseradish Horseradish ( Armoracia rusticana , syn . Cochlearia armoracia ) is a perennial plant of the Brassicaceae family ( which also includes mustard , wasabi , broccoli , and cabbage ) . It is a root vegetable used as a spice . The plant is probably native to southeastern Europe and western Asia . It is now popular around the world . It grows up to 1.5 m tall , and is cultivated primarily for its large , white , tapered root . The intact horseradish root has hardly any aroma . When cut or grated , however , enzymes from the now-broken plant cells break down sinigrin ( a glucosinolate ) to produce allyl isothiocyanate ( mustard oil ) , which irritates the mucous membranes of the sinuses and eyes . Grated mash should be used immediately or preserved in vinegar for best flavor . Once exposed to air or heat it will begin to lose its pungency , darken in color , and become unpleasantly bitter tasting over time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c4c301ccce6b798936d9e4e5acc7982f", "text": "Wild animal", "title": "" }, { "docid": "614934df41db09011c42b4721805a262", "text": "Collagen Collagen -LSB- ˈkɒlədʒᵻn -RSB- is the main structural protein in the extracellular space in the various connective tissues in animal bodies . As the main component of connective tissue , it is the most abundant protein in mammals , making up from 25 % to 35 % of the whole-body protein content . Depending upon the degree of mineralization , collagen tissues may be rigid ( bone ) , compliant ( tendon ) , or have a gradient from rigid to compliant ( cartilage ) . Collagen , in the form of elongated fibrils , is mostly found in fibrous tissues such as tendons , ligaments and skin . It is also abundant in corneas , cartilage , bones , blood vessels , the gut , intervertebral discs and the dentin in teeth . In muscle tissue , it serves as a major component of the endomysium . Collagen constitutes one to two percent of muscle tissue , and accounts for 6 % of the weight of strong , tendinous muscles . The fibroblast is the most common cell that creates collagen . Gelatin , which is used in food and industry , is collagen that has been irreversibly hydrolyzed . Collagen also has many medical uses in treating complications of the bones and skin . The name collagen comes from the Greek κόλλα #Ancient Greek ( kólla ) , meaning `` glue '' , and suffix - γέν , - gen , denoting `` producing '' . This refers to the compound 's early use in the process of boiling the skin and sinews of horses and other animals to obtain glue .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "35c6f6967ad0f04becff7526483a14a1", "text": "2003 ricin letters The 2003 ricin letters refer to two ricin-laden letters found on two separate occasions between October and November 2003 . One letter was mailed to the White House and intercepted at a processing facility ; another was discovered with no address in South Carolina . A February 2004 ricin incident at the Dirksen Senate Office Building was initially connected to the 2003 letters as well . The letters were sent by an individual calling him or herself `` Fallen Angel '' . The sender , who claimed to own a trucking company , expressed anger over changes in federal trucking regulations . As of 2008 , no connection between the Fallen Angel letters and the Dirksen building incident has been established . A $ 100,000 reward was offered in 2004 by the federal law enforcement agencies investigating the case , but to date the reward remains unclaimed .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7783005f82e98911ea7b64475f7c7331", "text": "Remote ischemic conditioning Remote ischemic conditioning ( RIC ) is a medical procedure that aims to reduce the incidence of heart disease and stroke , the leading causes of death worldwide , by triggering the body 's natural protection against tissue injury . The procedure involves repeated , temporary cessation of blood flow to a limb to create ischemia ( lack of oxygen and glucose ) in the tissue . This `` conditioning '' activates the body 's natural protective physiology against reperfusion injury and the tissue damage caused by low oxygen levels -- a protection present in many mammals . RIC essentially mimics the cardio-protective effects of exercise ; in fact , exercise can be considered a form of RIC in which the stimulus is distant from the organ being protected . RIC has been termed `` exercise in a device '' , especially suited for patients who are unable or unwilling to work out .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "924af3cfa3c2f40a69abdda399f3ff6a", "text": "Streptavidin Streptavidin -LSB- ˌstrɛpˈtævɪdɪn -RSB- is a 52.8 kDa protein purified from the bacterium Streptomyces avidinii . Streptavidin homo-tetramers have an extraordinarily high affinity for biotin ( also known as vitamin B7 or vitamin H ) . With a dissociation constant ( Kd ) on the order of ≈ 10 − 14 mol/L , the binding of biotin to streptavidin is one of the strongest non-covalent interactions known in nature . Streptavidin is used extensively in molecular biology and bionanotechnology due to the streptavidin-biotin complex 's resistance to organic solvents , denaturants ( e.g. guanidinium chloride ) , detergents ( e.g. SDS , Triton ) , proteolytic enzymes , and extremes of temperature and pH.", "title": "" }, { "docid": "76bad40518331c27eae52eb26b5167c6", "text": "Grape and raisin toxicity in dogs The consumption of grapes and raisins presents a potential health threat to dogs . Their toxicity to dogs can cause the animal to develop acute kidney injury ( the sudden development of kidney failure ) with anuria ( a lack of urine production ) . The phenomenon was first identified by the Animal Poison Control Center ( APCC ) , run by the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals ( ASPCA ) . Approximately 140 cases were seen by the APCC in the one year from April 2003 to April 2004 , with 50 developing symptoms and seven dying . It is not clear that the observed cases of renal failure following ingestion are due to grapes only . Clinical findings suggest raisin and grape ingestion can be fatal , but the `` mechanism of toxicity '' is still considered unknown .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b8b428a46f2f925186f44d70905cc0f4", "text": "Rodízio Rodízio ( pronounced -LSB- ʁoˈdʒiziu -RSB- in Brazil ) is an all-you-can-eat style of restaurant service in Brazilian restaurants . In most areas of the world outside of Brazil , a rodízio restaurant refers to a Brazilian style steakhouse restaurant . Customers pay a fixed price ( preço fixo ) , and waiters bring samples of food to each customer at several times throughout the meal , until the customers signal that they have had enough . In churrascarias or the traditional Brazilian-style steakhouse restaurants , servers come to the table with knives and a skewer , on which are speared various kinds of quality cuts of meat , most commonly local cuts of beef , pork , chicken and sometimes exotic meats . Less popular are other rodízio style restaurants in Brazil , such as ones serving pasta or pizza in which various pizzas and pastas are brought on trays . Rodízio-style sushi restaurants are also common in Brazil . Most rodízio courses are served right off the cooking spit and are sliced or plated right at the table . Sometimes , they are accompanied with fried potatoes , fried bananas , collard greens , black beans , and rice ( served buffet style ) . In many restaurants , the diner is provided with a colored card . Green , on one side , indicates to servers to bring more meat . Red , on the other side , indicates the opposite .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c99fd3aa53b00069f8e106bb9e193ae7", "text": "Food and dining in the Roman Empire Food and dining in the Roman Empire reflect both the variety of foodstuffs available through the expanded trade networks of the Roman Empire and the traditions of conviviality from ancient Rome 's earliest times , inherited in part from the Greeks and Etruscans . In contrast to the Greek symposium , which was primarily a drinking party , the equivalent social institution of the Roman convivium ( dinner party ) was focused on food . Banqueting played a major role in Rome 's communal religion . Maintaining the food supply to the city of Rome had become a major political issue in the late Republic , and continued to be one of the main ways the emperor expressed his relationship to the Roman people and established his role as a benefactor . Roman food vendors and farmers ' markets sold meats , fish , cheeses , produce , olive oil and spices and pubs , bars , inns and food stalls sold prepared food . Bread was a staple food for Romans , with more well-to-do people eating wheat bread and poorer people eating barley bread . Fresh produce such as vegetables and legumes were important to Romans , as farming was a valued activity . A variety of olives and nuts were eaten . While there were prominent Romans who discouraged meat eating , a variety of meat products were prepared , including blood puddings , sausages , cured ham and bacon . The milk of goats or sheep was thought superior to that of cows ; milk was used to make many types of cheese , as this was a way of storing and trading milk products . While olive oil was fundamental to Roman cooking , butter was viewed as an undesirable Gallic foodstuff . Sweet foods such as pastries typically used honey and wine-must syrup as a sweetener . A variety of dried fruits ( figs , dates and plums ) and fresh berries were also eaten . Salt -- which in its pure form was an expensive commodity in Rome -- was the fundamental seasoning and the most common salty condiment was a fermented fish sauce . Locally available seasonings included garden herbs , cumin , coriander , and juniper berries . Imported spices included pepper , saffron , cinnamon , and fennel . While wine was an important beverage , Romans looked down on drinking to excess and drank their wine mixed with water ; drinking wine `` straight '' was viewed as a barbarian custom .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "df1d3bcac617e12db74ec69e30022ace", "text": "Zoonosis Zoonoses ( -LSB- ˌzoʊ.əˈnoʊsᵻs -RSB- , plural - -LSB- ˈnoʊsiːz -RSB- , also spelled zoönoses ; singular zoonosis ( or zoönosis ) ; from Greek : ζῷον zoon `` animal '' and νόσος nosos `` sickness '' ) are infectious diseases of animals ( usually vertebrates ) that can naturally be transmitted to humans . Major modern diseases such as Ebola virus disease and salmonellosis are zoonoses . HIV was a zoonotic disease transmitted to humans in the early part of the 20th century , though it has now evolved to a separate human-only disease . Most strains of influenza that infect humans are human diseases , although many strains of swine and bird flu are zoonoses ; these viruses occasionally recombine with human strains of the flu and can cause pandemics such as the 1918 Spanish flu or the 2009 swine flu . Taenia solium infection is one of the neglected tropical diseases with public health and veterinary concern in endemic regions . Zoonoses can be caused by a range of disease pathogens such as viruses , bacteria , fungi and parasites ; of 1,415 pathogens known to infect humans , 61 % were zoonotic . Most human diseases originated in animals ; however , only diseases that routinely involve animal to human transmission , like rabies , are considered direct zoonosis . Zoonoses have different modes of transmission . In direct zoonosis the disease is directly transmitted from animals to humans through media such as air ( influenza ) or through bites and saliva ( rabies ) . In contrast , transmission can also occur via an intermediate species ( referred to as a vector ) , which carry the disease pathogen without getting infected . When humans infect animals , it is called reverse zoonosis or anthroponosis .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "703f7982b137eb9261aa0af96aef476b", "text": "Biscione The biscione ( -LSB- biʃˈʃone -RSB- ; in Milanese as the bissa ) , also known as the vipera ( `` viper '' ) , is a heraldic charge showing in argent an azure serpent in the act of consuming a human ; usually a child and sometimes described as a Moor or an Ottoman Turk . It was the emblem of the House of Visconti from the 11th century , becoming associated with Milan as the Visconti gained control over the city in 1277 . When the Visconti family died out in the 15th century , the emblem retained its association with the Duchy of Milan and became part of the coats of arms of the House of Sforza ; the presence of biscione in Poland ( Sanok ) and Belarus ( Pruzhany ) is due to queen Bona Sforza . The word biscione is an augmentative of Italian biscia `` non-venomous snake ; grass snake '' ( corrupted from bistia , ultimately from Latin bestia ) . As the symbol of Milan , the biscione is also used by the football club Inter Milan , by car manufacturer Alfa Romeo ( also known as the `` Casa del biscione '' , Italian for `` House of the biscione '' or `` Biscione -LSB- 's -RSB- marque '' ) and , in a version where a flower replaces the child , by the mass media company Mediaset . A similar design is found in the seals of the Hungarian nobleman Nicholas I Garay , palatine to the King of Hungary ( 1375 -- 1385 ) . Here the crowned snake devours a Sovereign 's Orb , rather than a human . Comparable to the biscione are some depictions of the Hindu deity Matsya . While his form is referred to as anthropomorphically having a humanoid upper half , and his lower half as that of a fish ' , some depictions show him with his upper body emerging from the mouth of a fish . In Early Christian Art of the catacombs , the Old Testament prophet Jonah is depicted as a man being swallowed ( or regurgitated ) by a serpent-like Leviathan , a sea creature of Hebrew myth .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4ddf3403fcc60d73eb26f39cac186fed", "text": "Alpha defensin Alpha defensins are a family of mammalian defensin peptides . Defensins are 2-6 kDa , cationic , microbicidal peptides active against many Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria , fungi , and enveloped viruses , containing three pairs of intramolecular disulfide bonds . On the basis of their size and pattern of disulfide bonding , mammalian defensins are classified into alpha , beta and theta categories . Alpha-defensins , which have been identified in humans , monkeys and several rodent species , are particularly abundant in neutrophils , certain macrophage populations and Paneth cells of the small intestine . Defensins are produced constitutively and/or in response to microbial products or proinflammatory cytokines . Some defensins are also called corticostatins ( CS ) because they inhibit corticotropin-stimulated corticosteroid production . The mechanism ( s ) by which microorganisms are killed and/or inactivated by defensins is not understood completely . However , it is generally believed that killing is a consequence of disruption of the microbial membrane . The polar topology of defensins , with spatially separated charged and hydrophobic regions , allows them to insert themselves into the phospholipid membranes so that their hydrophobic regions are buried within the lipid membrane interior and their charged ( mostly cationic ) regions interact with anionic phospholipid head groups and water . Subsequently , some defensins can aggregate to form ` channel-like ' pores ; others might bind to and cover the microbial membrane in a ` carpet-like ' manner . The net outcome is the disruption of membrane integrity and function , which ultimately leads to the lysis of microorganisms . Some defensins are synthesized as propeptides which may be relevant to this process . Alpha defensins of the mouse bowel were historically called cryptdins when first discovered .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7a26163cac78036dca283a023f118f54", "text": "Coagulin Coagulin is a gel-forming protein of hemolymph that hinders the spread of invaders by immobilising them . The protein contains a single 175 - residue polypeptide chain ; this is cleaved after Arg-18 and Arg-46 by a clotting enzyme contained in the hemocyte and activated by a bacterial endotoxin ( lipopolysaccharide ) . Cleavage releases two chains of coagulin , A and B , linked by two disulphide bonds , together with the peptide C. Gel formation results from interlinking of coagulin molecules . Secondary structure prediction suggests the C peptide forms an alpha - helix , which is released during the proteolytic conversion of coagulogen to coagulin gel . The beta-sheet structure and 16 half-cystines found in the molecule appear to yield a compact protein stable to acid and heat . Mammalian blood coagulation is based on the proteolytically induced polymerization of fibrinogens . Initially , fibrin monomers noncovalently interact with each other . The resulting homopolymers are further stabilized when the plasma transglutaminase ( TGase ) intermolecularly cross-links epsilon - ( gamma-glutamyl ) lysine bonds . In crustaceans , hemolymph coagulation depends on the TGase-mediated cross-linking of specific plasma-clotting proteins , but without the proteolytic cascade . In horseshoe crabs , the proteolytic coagulation cascade triggered by lipopolysaccharides and beta-1 ,3 - glucans leads to the conversion of coagulogen into coagulin , resulting in noncovalent coagulin homopolymers through head-to-tail interaction . Horseshoe crab TGase , however , does not cross-link coagulins intermolecularly . Recently , we found that coagulins are cross-linked on hemocyte cell surface proteins called proxins . This indicates that a cross-linking reaction at the final stage of hemolymph coagulation is an important innate immune system of horseshoe crabs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e3a140aab856968a32426081dc150e05", "text": "Alfalfa Alfalfa -LSB- ælˈfælfə -RSB- , Medicago sativa also called lucerne , is a perennial flowering plant in the pea family Fabaceae cultivated as an important forage crop in many countries around the world . It is used for grazing , hay , and silage , as well as a green manure and cover crop . The name alfalfa is used in North America . The name lucerne is the more commonly used name in the United Kingdom , South Africa , Australia , and New Zealand . The plant superficially resembles clover ( a cousin in the same family ) , especially while young , when trifoliate leaves comprising round leaflets predominate . Later in maturity , leaflets are elongated . It has clusters of small purple flowers followed by fruits spiralled in 2 to 3 turns containing 10 -- 20 seeds . Alfalfa is native to warmer temperate climates . It has been cultivated as livestock fodder since at least the era of the ancient Greeks and Romans . Alfalfa sprouts are a common ingredient in dishes made in South Indian cuisine .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fc627718f4c6b3e759772eca582ab622", "text": "Rintfleisch massacres The Rintfleisch or Rindfleisch movement was a series of massacres against Jews in the year 1298 . The event , in later terminology a pogrom , was the first large-scale persecutions in Germany since the First Crusade . It was set in the Franconian region during the civil strife between the elected King of the Romans , Count Adolf of Nassau , and his Habsburg rival Duke Albert of Austria , when Imperial authority , traditionally concerned with the protection of the Jews , had temporarily collapsed . Already in 1287 the death of Werner of Oberwesel in the Rhineland had been blamed on Jews and about 500 were killed in revenge , followed by a series of blood libels . When finally King Adolf was deposed and killed in the Battle of Göllheim on 2 July 1298 , the Franconian nobility gathered at Albert 's election in Frankfurt . When at the same time the Jews in the Hohenlohe town of Röttingen were accused of having obtained and desecrated a consecrated host , one `` Lord Rindtfleisch '' , who the sources refer to either as an impoverished knight or -- more probably -- a butcher ( the term Rindfleisch means `` beef '' in modern German spelling ) , gathered a mob around him and burned the Röttingen Jews on Sunday , April 20 . Rintfleisch declared to have received a mandate from heaven to avenge the sacrilege and exterminate the Jews . The Colmar Dominican Rudolph refers to him in Latin as a carnifex , i.e. butcher or executioner , but it is not clear if Rudolph meant his original profession , or his behaviour as a slaughterer of the Jews . According to contemporary sources the Lord of Röttingen , Kraft von Hohenlohe , was encumbered with debts to Jewish lenders . After this , he and his mob went from town to town and killed all Jews that fell under their control , destroying the Jewish communities at Rothenburg ob der Tauber , Würzburg , Bamberg , Dinkelsbühl , Nördlingen and Forchheim . In the Free Imperial City of Nuremberg , the Jews sought refuge in the fortress and were assisted by the Christian citizens , but Rintfleisch overcame the defenders and butchered the Jews on 1 August . The Nürnberger Memorbuch contains the names of thousands of murdered Jews in numerous cities , among them Mordechai ben Hillel , a pupil of Meir of Rothenburg , with his wife and children . The communities at Regensburg and Augsburg alone escaped the mass killing , as they were protected by the cities ' magistrates . Spreading from Franconia to Bavaria and Austria , the persecutors destroyed 146 communities , about 20,000 Jews were killed . The Austrian Chronicle of 95 Seigneurs about 100 years later alleged that King Albert I finally had Rintfleisch arrested and hanged . The cities in which Jews had been killed were required to pay fines to the king .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "128689857cd4592276f1202e10e95a15", "text": "Lawsone Lawsone ( 2-hydroxy-1 ,4 - naphthoquinone ) , also known as hennotannic acid , is a red-orange dye present in the leaves of the henna plant ( Lawsonia inermis ) as well as in the flower of water hyacinth ( Eichhornia crassipes ) . Humans have used henna extracts containing lawsone as hair and skin dyes for more than 5000 years . Lawsone reacts chemically with the protein known as keratin in skin and hair , in a process known as Michael addition , resulting in a strong permanent stain that lasts until the skin or hair is shed . The darker colored ink is due to more lawsone-keratin interactions occurring , which evidently break down as the concentration of lawsone decreases and the tattoo fades . Lawsone strongly absorbs UV light , and aqueous extracts can be effective sunless tanning and sunscreens . Chemically , lawsone is similar to juglone , which is found in walnuts . Lawsone isolation from Lawsonia Inermis can be difficult due to its easily biodegradeable nature . Isolation involves four steps : extraction with an extraction solution , usually NaOH column filtration using a macroporous adsorption resin a rinse with ethanol to remove impurities , and finally freeze the product to isolate the lawsone powder , usually a yellow colored dust . During the rinse , the lawsone will be the bottom as it has such a high density and the chlorophyll molecules will all be on the top of the mixture . Lawsone is hypothesized to undergo a reaction similar to Strecker synthesis in reactions with amino acids . Recent research has been conducted on lawsone 's potential applications in the forensic science field . Since lawsone shows many similarities with ninhydrin , the current reagent for latent fingerprint development , studies have been conducted to see if lawsone can be used in this field . As of now the research is inconclusive , but optimistic . Lawsone non-specifically targets primary amino acids , and displays photoluminescence with forensic light sources . It has a characteristic purple/brown coloration as opposed to the purple/blue associated with ninhydrin . Lawsone shows promise as a reagent for fingerprint detection because of its photoluminescence maximized at 640nm , which is high enough that it avoids background interference common for ninhydrin .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "38b0208b3a6cffead31aa644b71ac76f", "text": "Equine nutrition Equine nutrition is the feeding of horses , ponies , mules , donkeys , and other equines . Correct and balanced nutrition is a critical component of proper horse care . Horses are non-ruminant herbivores of a type known as a `` hindgut fermenter . '' Horses have only one stomach , as do humans . However , unlike humans , they also have to utilize plant fiber ( largely cellulose ) that comes from grass and hay . Ruminants like cattle are foregut fermenters , and digest fiber in plant matter by use of a multi-chambered stomach , whereas horses use microbial fermentation in a part of the digestive system known as the cecum ( or caecum ) to break down the cellulose . In practical terms , horses prefer to eat small amounts of food steadily throughout the day , as they do in nature when grazing on pasture . Although this is not always possible with modern stabling practices and human schedules that favor feeding horses twice a day , it is important to remember the underlying biology of the animal when determining what to feed , how often , and in what quantities . The digestive system of the horse is somewhat delicate . Horses are unable to regurgitate food , except from the esophagus . Thus , if they overeat or eat something poisonous , vomiting is not an option . They also have a long , complex large intestine and a balance of beneficial microbes in their cecum that can be upset by rapid changes in feed . Because of these factors , they are very susceptible to colic , which is a leading cause of death in horses . Therefore , horses require clean , high-quality feed , provided at regular intervals , and may become ill if subjected to abrupt changes in their diets . Horses are also sensitive to molds and toxins . For this reason , they must never be fed contaminated fermentable materials such as lawn clippings . Fermented silage or `` haylage '' is fed to horses in some places ; however , contamination or failure of the fermentation process that allows any mold or spoilage may be toxic .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9d37da03e01544a29069cd42900ddf14", "text": "Pack hunter A pack hunter or social predator is a predator belonging to the animal kingdom which has evolved to hunt its prey by working together with other members of its species . Normally animals hunting in this way are closely related , and with the exceptions of humans and chimpanzees where only males normally hunt , all individuals in a family group will contribute to hunting . The most commonly known pack hunter is the gray wolf , the closest wild relative of all breeds of domesticated dog . Humans and their closest-living relatives chimpanzees are also pack hunters . Other pack hunting mammals include dolphins , lions , dwarf and banded mongooses and spotted hyenas . A number of avian social predators exist , including the Harris 's hawk , butcherbirds , three of four kookaburra species and many helmetshrikes . There are a few cold-blooded pack hunters including simple arthropods such as army ants , the yellow saddle goatfish and occasionally crocodiles . There is a possibility that some non-avian theropod dinosaurs displayed pack behavior as well . A social animal that always hunts , singly such as the domestic cat , is not a pack hunter . Pack hunting is typically associated with cooperative breeding and its concentration in the Afrotropical Region is a reflection of this . Most pack hunters are found in the southern African savannas , with a notable absence in tropical rainforests and with the exception of the wolf and coyote , higher latitudes . It is thought that either on the ancient and poor soils of the southern African savanna it is not possible for individual predators to find adequate food , or that the environment 's inherent unpredictability due to ENSO or IOD events means that in very bad conditions it will not be possible to raise the young necessary to prevent declining populations from adult mortality . It is also argued that Africa 's very large area of continuous flat and open country , which was even more extensive while rainforest contracted during glacial periods of the Quaternary , may have helped encourage pack hunting to become much more common than on any other continent . A shared pack hunting history is thought to be the main conduit through which humans have been able to form a mutual relationship with dogs ( that is , domestication ) , as both species are highly social and inter-dependent . Humans easily take over the dominance hierarchy of dogs as subordinates instinctively follow the `` alpha '' individual and dogs are accustomed to living very close together When wolves hunt a Moose or Elk , it sometimes takes to deep water to avoid the pack . A wolf response to this behavior is that the pack rests with one or two wolves annoying the prey until it gets fatigued .", "title": "" } ]	fever
20c6ed10af9f674c4584ebfcddb7eaef	James Mangold directed a film.	[ { "docid": "2e695829610928aabff632490b2b61b5", "text": "James Mangold James Mangold ( born December 16 , 1963 ) is an American film and television director , screenwriter and producer . Films he has directed include Walk the Line , which he also co-wrote ; The Wolverine ; Logan ; Cop Land ; Girl , Interrupted ; Knight and Day ; and the 2007 remake 3:10 to Yuma . He also produced and directed pilots for the television series Men in Trees ( which ran from 2006 to 2008 ) NYC 22 ( 2011 -- 2012 ) and Vegas ( 2012 -- 2013 ) .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "a6adba92109c39ae92299a2b2f9e1ca6", "text": "Dungog Film Festival The Dungog Film Festival was an annual event held in the Hunter Region town of Dungog . Dungog Film Festival was a not for profit arts organisation that was dedicated to celebrating and promoting Australian screen industry . The festival was committed to education and nurturing the health of the Australian film and TV industry through a range of dynamic initiatives . Some proceeds of the festival have gone towards preserving the James Theatre . The festival aimed to support the Australian Film and TV Industry in a non-competitive environment that exclusively showcased Australian screen content . Dungog Film Festival showcased feature films , short films , television , documentaries , Australian classics and music videos . The festival also ran an extensive education program , including workshops , seminars , master classes with prominent directors , and the In The Raw script readings for television series , miniseries and feature films scripts . It was considered the biggest festival of Australian cinema in the world , as well as the largest short film festival in Australia . Screenings took place in local venues including the iconic James Theatre and the RSL auditorium . The 2010 festival attracted over 9,000 people and national media coverage including Sunrise , NBN News and Network Ten . The Dungog Film Festival has been replaced by the Dungog Festival , an annual event that includes a major film component which in 2016 included a short film competition with $ 30,000 in cash prizes , an out-of-competition showcase programme of documentaries and feature films and a series of filmmaker workshops and panels with a range of screen industry guest speakers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "920c7c2d1f12658c0d162d0ea51c3827", "text": "James Bond (2015 film) James Bond ( Tag line : Nenu Kadhu Naa Pellam ) is a 2015 Telugu action comedy film written and directed by Sai Kishore Macha and produced by Anil Sunkara under the banner A.K.Entertainments . It features Allari Naresh and Sakshi Chaudhary in the lead roles while Ashish Vidyarthi , Raghu Babu and Krishna Bhagavan appear in supporting roles . Allari Naresh has crooned his voice for a song in the movie . The film was released on 24 July 2015 . The movie is loosely based on the Korean movie My Wife Is a Gangster .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "07d6bd264cb1f35b9d6c236af3eab2d4", "text": "Masala film Masala films of Indian cinema are those that mix genres in one work . Typically these films freely mix action , comedy , romance , and drama or melodrama . They tend to be musicals that include songs filmed in picturesque locations . The genre is named after the masala , a mixture of spices in Indian cuisine . According to The Hindu , masala is the most popular genre of Indian cinema .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ed51b3bf533cd34317aa549a9cf18ae1", "text": "Manikuttan Thomas James , better known by his stage name Manikuttan , is an Indian film and television actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "125ebf827c27687caea65815ca9d7f93", "text": "Malcolm (film) Malcolm is a 1986 Australian cult film comedy , written by the husband-and-wife team of David Parker and Nadia Tass , and directed by Nadia Tass ( who made her debut as a feature director on this film ) . The film stars Colin Friels as Malcolm , a tram enthusiast who becomes involved with a pair of would-be bank robbers . His co-stars are Lindy Davies and John Hargreaves . The film won the 1986 Australian Film Institute Award for Best Film , and seven other AFI awards including Best Script and Best Director .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "06a5cfe8d0589c2e5b584f3e5238f6e4", "text": "Dream Boy (film) Dream Boy is a 2008 gay-themed romantic drama film written and directed by James Bolton and based on Jim Grimsley 's 1995 novel of the same name about two gay teenagers who fall in love in the rural South during the late 1970s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cbf04439c0eeb87b97d92f96fc62e964", "text": "Jalaibee Jalaibee ( -LSB- ; meaning twist ) is a 2015 Pakistani caper action thriller film directed and written by Yasir Jaswal , produced by Eman Syed . Jalaibee is a joint production of ARY Films & Redrum Films in association with Sermad Films and Jaswal Films . The film stars prominent TV actors Danish Taimoor and Ali Safina in lead roles along with Adnan Jaffar , Sajid Hasan , Uzair Jaswal ( director 's younger brother ) , Wiqar Ali Khan , Sabeeka Imam and Zhalay Sarhadi . It is the first Pakistani film to be shot with Arri Alexa camera . The film is shot in capital cities Islamabad , Lahore and Karachi . Jalaibee features Ford Mustang 73 in the film as well as its mascot . It is about the intertwined stories of numerous relatable characters who are all struggling with their problems , and who somehow connect on a unifying level .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f7d489941e2e1cde992d81c23186e149", "text": "Sunstruck Sunstruck is a 1972 British-Australian comedy film directed by James Gilbert and starring Harry Secombe , Maggie Fitzgibbon and John Meillon .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "729091baa913f7ae513afc807edc47ec", "text": "Married but Living Single Married but Living Single is a 2012 Nigerian romantic drama film , directed by Tunde Olaoye and starring Funke Akindele , Joseph Benjamin , Joke Silva , Tina Mba , Kiki Omeili and Femi Brainard . The film was inspired by a book of the same name by Pastor Femi Faseru of KICC Lagos and tells the story of Kate ( Funke Akindele ) , a career driven woman who 's married to an entrepreneur , Mike ( Joseph Benjamin ) . Mike is diagnosed with lung cancer ; Kate has to choose to either take a break from work to be with her husband while he recuperates from his surgery , or stay dedicated to her company which now stands a big chance of winning an important contract with a big telecommunication company .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9b81662afbcb3753d694d1c0bd2985ca", "text": "Pulp (2012 film) Pulp is a British comedy film directed by Adam Hamdy and Shaun Magher , starring Jay Sutherland and John Thomson On March 2013 it was released exclusively on Xbox Live , becoming the first feature film to be distributed via a games console platform .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1e225048399f034d939dc257ee6cd8a9", "text": "Heat and Dust (film) Heat and Dust is a 1983 romantic drama film with a screenplay by Ruth Prawer Jhabvala based upon her novel , Heat and Dust . It was directed by James Ivory and produced by Ismail Merchant . It stars Greta Scacchi , Shashi Kapoor and Julie Christie . The plot of Heat and Dust follows two intertwined stories . The first is set in the 1920s and deals with an illicit affair between Olivia , the beautiful young wife of a British colonial official , and an Indian Nawab . The second , set in 1982 , deals with Anne , Olivia 's great-niece , who travels to India hoping to find out about her great-aunt 's life , and while there also has an affair with an Indian man . Heat and Dust forms part of a cycle of film and television productions which emerged during the first half of the 1980s , reflecting Britain 's growing interest in the British Raj . In addition to Heat and Dust , this cycle included Gandhi ( 1982 ) , The Jewel in the Crown ( 1984 ) , The Far Pavilions ( 1984 ) and A Passage to India ( 1984 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dfdb9646bfab4320b48664f04c950817", "text": "Ronan's Escape Ronan 's Escape is a short film written and directed by Australian born filmmaker A.J. Carter and produced by Academy Award Nominee , Martin Mhando . The film , set in the rural wheat belt of Western Australia , provides a candid insight into the life of Ronan , a 14-year-old boy who has been bullied at school his whole life and decides to make an escape . This accurate and controversial portrayal of life for someone who has fallen victim to bullying and the repercussions which exist , is told in a unique , exposition intensive format with very little use of dialogue . Ronan 's Escape presents arbitrary scenes rather than traditional storytelling which provokes audiences into discussion and interpretation of the scenes on a more personal level while reflecting on their own experiences .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "53b4cc5deca0f47680ea33969b783dc2", "text": "127 Hours 127 Hours is a 2010 British-American biographical survival drama film directed , co-written , and produced by Danny Boyle . The film stars James Franco as Aron Ralston . In 127 Hours , canyoneer Aron Ralston becomes trapped by a boulder in an isolated slot canyon in Blue John Canyon , southeastern Utah , in April 2003 . It is a British and American venture produced by Everest Entertainment , Film4 Productions , HandMade Films and Cloud Eight Films . The film , based on Ralston 's memoir Between a Rock and a Hard Place ( 2004 ) , was written by Boyle and Simon Beaufoy , produced by Christian Colson and John Smithson , and scored by A. R. Rahman . Beaufoy , Colson , and Rahman had all previously worked with Boyle on Slumdog Millionaire ( 2008 ) . 127 Hours was well received by critics and audiences , and was nominated for six Academy Awards , including Best Actor for Franco and Best Picture .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8b43c458ba6770f3d1ab8e3d1200beda", "text": "Tender Mercies Tender Mercies is a 1983 American drama film directed by Bruce Beresford . The screenplay by Horton Foote focuses on Mac Sledge , a recovering alcoholic country music singer who seeks to turn his life around through his relationship with a young widow and her son in rural Texas . Robert Duvall plays the role of Mac ; the supporting cast includes Tess Harper , Betty Buckley , Wilford Brimley , Ellen Barkin and Allan Hubbard . Financed by EMI Films , Tender Mercies was shot largely in Waxahachie , Texas . The script was rejected by several American directors before the Australian Beresford accepted it . Duvall , who sang his own songs in the film , drove more than 600 mi throughout the state , tape recording local accents and playing in country music bands to prepare for the role . He and Beresford repeatedly clashed during production , at one point prompting the director to walk off the set and reportedly consider quitting the film . The film encompasses several different themes , including the importance of love and family , the possibility of spiritual resurrection amid death , and the concept of redemption through Mac Sledge 's conversion to Christianity . Following poor test screening results , distributor Universal Pictures made little effort to publicize Tender Mercies , which Duvall attributed to the studio 's lack of understanding of country music . The film was released on March 4 , 1983 , in a limited number of theaters . Although unsuccessful at the box office , it was critically acclaimed and earned five Academy Award nominations , including one for Best Picture . Tender Mercies won Oscars for Best Original Screenplay for Foote and Best Actor for Duvall .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "21772562126e5e4ed4b13d01a590dbb1", "text": "Mangoes (TV series) Mangoes is a Canadian television series directed by Khurram Suhrwardy and produced by Adeel Suhrwardy and Khurram Suhrwardy under the production banner of Suhrwardy Brothers . The story revolves around the lives of young South Asians living in Canada . The series was first premiered on 27 June 2012 on ATN Canada and it ended after seven episodes . The second season began on 29 September 2016 on ATN .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a29f6e113a9e49453d47e840123ef6aa", "text": "Life Itself (film) Life Itself is a 2014 American biographical documentary film about film critic Roger Ebert , directed by Steve James and produced by Zak Piper , Steve James and Garrett Basch . The film is based on Ebert 's 2011 memoir of the same name . It premiered at the 2014 Sundance Film Festival and was an official selection at the 67th Cannes Film Festival . The 41st Telluride Film Festival hosted a special screening of the film on August 28 , 2014 . Magnolia Pictures released the film theatrically in the United States and simultaneously via video on demand platforms on July 4 , 2014 . On December 2 , 2014 , the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences announced that the film was 1 of 15 films shortlisted in the Documentary Feature category for the 87th Academy Awards , but it was not nominated . It was also nominated for two News & Documentary Emmy Awards , winning the award for Outstanding Editing : Documentary & Long-Form .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a1ab5ce6e7ee934a758923adf142ebd3", "text": "James Pandu James Pandu is an Indian Tamil film released in 2000 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "961aee8110500e11a59c9f56e4e9e327", "text": "Welcome to Wonderland (film) Welcome to Wonderland is a feature documentary film , by director James Short , about music and dance . Released on DVD in June 2006 after more than five years in the making , this film explores Australia 's vibrant outdoor bush rave party scene through the thoughts of participants . The trance scene in Melbourne , Australia , is considered one of the best in the world , and sees the convergence of travellers from all parts of the globe , especially Japan and Israel . With party organisations like Rainbow Serpent and Earthcore there are as many as 10,000 people who come together to celebrate and dance . The film follows the party lives of characters : Matty , Krusty , Lauire , Margaret , Raff , and Holly .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fc0c6de8b1f40b0b052e3a535ef31156", "text": "The Boy from Mercury The Boy from Mercury ( 1996 ) is a nostalgic Irish Film , the first from writer and director Martin Duffy . The film concerns the science-fiction daydreams of a young boy in 1960 Dublin . Upon release , the film received international critical acclaim , and several awards , though was commercially unsuccessful . It was the first time actors Rita Tushingham and Tom Courtenay had appeared on screen together since Doctor Zhivago thirty years earlier . The film was also the debut of young Irish actor James Hickey . The book of the making of the film , The Road to Mercury , written by the director , was released in 2006 by Ogma Press .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "53632f940409271ef2f3b6d6dc4e6180", "text": "Caboblanco Caboblanco ( 1980 ) is an American drama film directed by J. Lee Thompson , starring Charles Bronson , Dominique Sanda and Jason Robards . The film has often been described as a remake of Casablanca . The movie marks the third collaboration between Bronson and director J. Lee Thompson ( following 1976 's St. Ives and 1977 's The White Buffalo ) .", "title": "" } ]	fever
104794adbf8ea75cb77476271296e35a	Franklin D. Roosevelt started the development of a nuclear weapon.	[ { "docid": "384d60b60d01a7d1a43c9e34a62c2bd7", "text": "Franklin D. Roosevelt Franklin Delano Roosevelt ( -LSB- ˈroʊzəvəlt -RSB- , his own pronunciation , or -LSB- - en ˈroʊzəvɛlt -RSB- January 30 , 1882 -- April 12 , 1945 ) , commonly known as FDR , was an American statesman and political leader who served as the 32nd President of the United States from 1933 until his death in 1945 . A Democrat , he won a record four presidential elections and emerged as a central figure in world events during the mid-20th century . He directed the United States government during most of the Great Depression and World War II . As a dominant leader of his party , he built the New Deal Coalition , realigning American politics into the Fifth Party System and defining American liberalism throughout the middle third of the 20th century . He is often rated by scholars as one of the three greatest U.S. Presidents , along with George Washington and Abraham Lincoln . Roosevelt was born in 1882 to an old , prominent Dutch family from Dutchess County , New York and attended Groton School . He went on to graduate from Harvard College in 1903 and attended Columbia Law School . At age 23 in 1905 , he married Eleanor Roosevelt , and the couple went on to have six children . He entered politics in 1910 , serving in the New York State Senate , and then as Assistant Secretary of the Navy under President Woodrow Wilson . In 1920 , presidential candidate James M. Cox selected Roosevelt as his running mate , but the Cox/Roosevelt ticket lost to the Republican ticket of Warren Harding and Calvin Coolidge . In 1921 , Roosevelt was stricken with debilitating polio , which cost him the use of his legs . The disability put his future political career in jeopardy , but he attempted to recover from the illness and founded the treatment center in Warm Springs , Georgia for people with polio . Roosevelt returned to political life when he nominated Alfred E. Smith at the 1924 Democratic National Convention . At Smith 's behest , Roosevelt successfully ran for Governor of New York in 1928 . He was in office from 1929 to 1933 and served as a reform governor , promoting the enactment of programs to combat the depression besetting the United States at the time . In the 1932 presidential election , Roosevelt defeated incumbent Republican president Herbert Hoover in a landslide to win the presidency . Roosevelt took office while the United States was in the midst of the worst economic crisis in its history . Energized by his personal victory over polio , FDR relied on his persistent optimism and activism to renew the national spirit . During his first 100 days in office , Roosevelt spearheaded unprecedented federal legislation and issued a profusion of executive orders that instituted the New Deal -- a variety of programs designed to produce relief ( government jobs for the unemployed ) , recovery ( economic growth ) , and reform ( through regulation of Wall Street , banks and transportation ) . He created numerous programs to support the unemployed and farmers , and to encourage labor union growth while more closely regulating business and high finance . His support for the repeal of Prohibition in 1933 added to his popularity , helping him win re-election by a landslide in 1936 . The economy improved rapidly from 1933 -- 37 , but then relapsed into a deep recession in 1937 -- 38 . The bipartisan Conservative Coalition that formed in 1937 prevented his packing the Supreme Court , and blocked almost all proposals for major liberal legislation ( except the minimum wage , which did pass ) . When the war began and unemployment ended , conservatives in Congress repealed the two major relief programs , the Works Progress Administration ( WPA ) and Civilian Conservation Corps ( CCC ) . However , they kept most of the regulations on business . Along with several smaller programs , major surviving programs include the Securities and Exchange Commission , the Wagner Act , the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and Social Security . With World War II looming after 1938 with the Japanese invasion of China and the aggression of Nazi Germany , Roosevelt gave strong diplomatic and financial support to China and the United Kingdom , while remaining officially neutral . His goal was to make America the `` Arsenal of Democracy '' , which would supply munitions to the Allies . In March 1941 , Roosevelt , with Congressional approval , provided Lend-Lease aid to Britain and China . Following the Japanese surprise attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7 , 1941 , which he famously called `` a date which will live in infamy '' , Roosevelt sought and obtained the quick approval on the following day for Congress to declare war on Japan and , a few days later , on Germany . Assisted by his top aide Harry Hopkins , and with very strong national support , he worked closely with British Prime Minister Winston Churchill , Soviet leader Joseph Stalin and Chinese Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek in leading the Allies against Nazi Germany , Fascist Italy and Imperial Japan in World War II . He supervised the mobilization of the U.S. economy to support the war effort , and also ordered the internment of 100,000 Japanese American civilians . As an active military leader , Roosevelt implemented a war strategy on two fronts that ended in the defeat of the Axis Powers , and he initiated the development of the world 's first atomic bomb . His work also influenced the later creation of the United Nations and Bretton Woods . Roosevelt 's physical health seriously declined during the war years , and he died weeks into his fourth term . He was then succeeded by his vice president Harry S. Truman , and a few months after Truman 's inauguration , the United States bombed the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki , leading to Japan 's surrender .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fb92887a77d345e5fe262d0d71e1b4a5", "text": "Nuclear weapon A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from nuclear reactions , either fission ( fission bomb ) or a combination of fission and fusion ( thermonuclear weapon ) . Both reactions release large quantities of energy from relatively small amounts of matter . The first test of a fission ( `` atomic '' ) bomb released the same amount of energy as approximately 20,000 tonTNT . The first thermonuclear ( `` hydrogen '' ) bomb test released the same amount of energy as approximately 10 e6tonTNT . A thermonuclear weapon weighing little more than 2400 lb can produce an explosive force comparable to the detonation of more than 1.2 e6tonTNT . A nuclear device no larger than traditional bombs can devastate an entire city by blast , fire , and radiation . Nuclear weapons are weapons of mass destruction , and their use and control have been a major focus of international relations policy since their debut . Nuclear weapons have been used twice in war , both times by the United States against Japan near the end of World War II . On August 6 , 1945 , the U.S. Army Air Forces detonated a uranium gun-type fission bomb nicknamed `` Little Boy '' over the Japanese city of Hiroshima ; three days later , on August 9 , the U.S. Army Air Forces detonated a plutonium implosion-type fission bomb codenamed `` Fat Man '' over the Japanese city of Nagasaki . The bombings resulted in the deaths of approximately 200,000 civilians and military personnel from acute injuries sustained from the explosions . The ethics of the bombings and their role in Japan 's surrender are subjects of debate . Since the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki , nuclear weapons have been detonated over two thousand times for testing and demonstration . Only a few nations possess such weapons or are suspected of seeking them . The only countries known to have detonated nuclear weapons -- and acknowledge possessing them -- are ( chronologically by date of first test ) the United States , the Soviet Union ( succeeded as a nuclear power by Russia ) , the United Kingdom , France , the People 's Republic of China , India , Pakistan , and North Korea . Israel is also believed to possess nuclear weapons , though , in a policy of deliberate ambiguity , it does not acknowledge having them . Germany , Italy , Turkey , Belgium and the Netherlands are nuclear weapons sharing states . South Africa is the only country to have independently developed and then renounced and dismantled its nuclear weapons . The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons aims to reduce the spread of nuclear weapons , but its effectiveness has been questioned , and political tensions remained high in the 1970s and 1980s . Modernisation of weapons continues to occur .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "0506b85bf31c733ee9f04020c01ebe3d", "text": "McCollum memo The McCollum memo , also known as the Eight Action Memo was a memorandum , dated October 7 , 1940 ( more than a year before the Pearl Harbor attack ) , sent by Lieutenant Commander Arthur H. McCollum , who `` provided the president with intelligence reports on -LSB- Japan -RSB- ... -LSB- and oversaw -RSB- every intercepted and decoded Japanese military and diplomatic report destined for the White House '' in his capacity as director of the Office of Naval Intelligence 's Far East Asia section . It was sent to Navy Captains Dudley Knox , who agreed with the actions described within the memo , and Walter Stratton Anderson . The memo outlined the general situation of several nations in World War II and recommended an eight-part course of action for the United States to take in regard to the Japanese Empire in the South Pacific , suggesting the United States provoke Japan into committing an `` overt act of war '' . The memo illustrates several people in the Office of Naval Intelligence promoted the idea of goading Japan into war : `` It is not believed that in the present state of political opinion the United States government is capable of declaring war against Japan without more ado -LSB- ... -RSB- If by -LSB- the elucidated eight-point plan -RSB- Japan could be led to commit an overt act of war , so much the better . '' The McCollum memo was first widely disseminated with the publication of Robert Stinnett 's book Day of Deceit : The Truth About FDR and Pearl Harbor . Stinnett presents the memo as part of his argument the Roosevelt Administration conspired to secretly provoke the Japanese to attack the United States in order to bring the United States into the European war without generating public contempt over broken political promises . Roosevelt had recently issued a campaign promise the United States would not become entangled in Europe 's war under his watch . Stinnett omits to mention McCollum never had contact with Roosevelt , and Stinnett 's claims to the contrary are false . Moreover , Stinnett attributes to McCollum a position the position , quoting directly from Stinnett ; `` Lieutenant Commander McCollum 's five-page memorandum of October 1940 ( hereafter referred to as the eight-action memo ) put forward a startling plan -- a plan intended to engineer a situation that would mobilize a reluctant America into joining Britain 's struggle against the German armed forces then overrunning Europe . Its eight actions called for virtually inciting a Japanese attack on American ground , air , and naval forces in Hawaii , as well as on British and Dutch colonial outposts in the Pacific region . '' Many hold that McCollum expressly repudiated this position , in both a publication and McCollum 's own sworn testimony .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "129e9cf5d678fe17d3d655e57e026899", "text": "Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt The presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt began on March 4 , 1933 , when he was inaugurated as the 32nd President of the United States , and ended upon his death on April 12 , 1945 , a span of ( 4422 days ) . Roosevelt assumed the presidency in the midst of the Great Depression . Starting with his landslide victory over Republican President Herbert Hoover in the 1932 election . He won a record four presidential terms , and became a central figure in world affairs during World War II . His program for relief , recovery and reform , known as the New Deal , involved a great expansion of the role of the federal government in the economy . Under his steady leadership , the Democratic Party built a `` New Deal Coalition '' of labor unions , big city machines , white ethnics , African Americans , and rural white Southerners , that would significantly realign American politics for the next several decades in the Fifth Party System and also define modern American liberalism . During his first hundred days in office , Roosevelt spearheaded unprecedented major legislation and issued a profusion of executive orders that instituted the New Deal -- a variety of programs designed to produce relief ( government jobs for the unemployed ) , recovery ( economic growth ) , and reform ( through regulation of Wall Street , banks and transportation ) . He created numerous programs to support the unemployed and farmers , and to encourage labor union growth while more closely regulating business and high finance . The repeal of Prohibition in 1933 added to his popularity , helping him win re-election by a landslide in 1936 . The economy improved rapidly from 1933 to 1937 , but then relapsed into a deep recession in 1937 -- 38 . The bipartisan Conservative Coalition that formed in 1937 prevented his attempted packing of the Supreme Court , and blocked most of his legislative proposals , aside from the Fair Labor Standards Act . When the war began and unemployment largely became a non-issue , conservatives in Congress repealed the two major relief programs , the WPA and CCC , but kept most of the regulations on business . Along with several smaller programs , major surviving programs from the New Deal include the Securities and Exchange Commission , the Wagner Act , the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation , and Social Security . A potential worldwide war loomed after 1937 , with the Japanese invasion of China and the aggression of Nazi Germany , which invaded Poland in September 1939 . Roosevelt remained officially neutral but gave strong diplomatic and financial support to China , the United Kingdom , Free France , and the Soviet Union via initiatives such as the Lend-Lease programs . Following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7 , 1941 , Roosevelt sought and obtained a declaration of war upon Japan . A few days later , he sought and obtained a declaration of war upon the other major Axis powers , Germany and Italy . Assisted by his top aide Harry Hopkins , and with very strong national support , he worked closely with British Prime Minister Winston Churchill , Soviet leader Joseph Stalin , and Chinese Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek in leading the Allies during World War II . He supervised the mobilization of the U.S. economy to support the war effort , and the war saw the end of the massive unemployment that characterized the Great Depression . Roosevelt sought to desegregate the federal workforce with the Fair Employment Practice Committee , but he also controversially ordered the internment of 100,000 Japanese American civilians . As an active military leader , Roosevelt implemented a war strategy on two fronts that ended in the defeat of the Axis Powers and the development of the world 's first nuclear bomb . Though he died months before the end of the war , his work on the post-war order shaped the new United Nations and the Bretton Woods international financial system . Roosevelt 's health seriously declined during the war years , and he died three months into his fourth term . He was succeeded by Vice President Harry S. Truman . It was on Roosevelt 's watch that the Democratic Party was returned to dominance , prosperity returned , and two great military enemies were destroyed . Scholars , historians and the public typically rank Roosevelt alongside Abraham Lincoln and George Washington as one of the three greatest U.S. Presidents .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cec95937aeb286027a470ffae5edc8d2", "text": "Geneva Conference (1932) The Second Geneva Naval Conference was a conference held to discuss naval arms limitation , held in Geneva , Switzerland , in 1932 . This is a separate conference from the previous disarmament conference , the Geneva Naval Conference of 1927 . Apart from naval disarmaments , a reduction in land forces and limits on weapons were also discussed at the conference . Thirty-one nations , including USA , USSR and Germany , came to the conference wanting a reduction in general arms . Some progress was made , but when Hitler came into power in 1933 he took Germany out of the Geneva Conference and the League of Nations , which was questionable on the basis of international agreements , but nothing was done about it . As Gibson had observed not long after the London Conference , the United States had decreased interest in the new conference because treaties already limited its navy , its army was so small that reduction was ludicrous , and the proposed measures of air limitation were so vague that they meant little . Gibson wrote that the conference would `` probably meet in February or March 1932 and , discouraging as it may sound , it will probably go on and on . '' He had come to believe that armaments would never be abolished completely but that treaties could perhaps maintain military balances . Secretary Stimson later wrote that Americans regarded the Geneva Conference as `` a European peace conference with European political questions to be settled . The necessary work of settling them must be done by the leaders of Europe . '' Stimsom realized that Germany 's position in European affairs could not be ignored as it had been at Geneva in 1927 or at London in 1930 , but he did not know how to reconcile German military ambition with French fear of its neighbor . Stimson therefore hoped the Europeans might find a solution . The secretary also hesitated over further naval disarmament because of the Manchurian crisis ; in particular he worried whether the navy possessed enough carriers for possible action in the Far East .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "65c5e76a8a4e9d243f49b747249a050b", "text": "Wendell Willkie Wendell Lewis Willkie ( born Lewis Wendell Willkie ; February 18 , 1892 -- October 8 , 1944 ) was an American lawyer and corporate executive , and the 1940 Republican nominee for President . Willkie appealed to many convention delegates as the Republican field 's only interventionist : although the U.S. remained neutral prior to Pearl Harbor , he favored greater U.S. involvement in World War II to support Britain and other Allies . His Democratic opponent , incumbent President Franklin D. Roosevelt , won the 1940 election with about 55 % of the popular vote and took the electoral college vote by a wide margin . Willkie was born in Indiana in 1892 ; both his parents were lawyers , and he also became one . He served in World War I but was not sent to France until the final days of the war , and saw no action . Willkie settled in Akron , Ohio , where he was initially employed by Firestone , but left for a law firm , becoming one of the leaders of the Akron bar . Much of his work was representing electric utilities , and in 1929 Willkie accepted a job in New York City as counsel for Commonwealth & Southern Corporation ( C&S ) , a utility holding company . He was rapidly promoted , and became corporate president in 1933 . Roosevelt was sworn in as U.S. president soon after Willkie became head of C&S , and announced plans for a Tennessee Valley Authority ( TVA ) that would supply power in competition with C&S . Between 1933 and 1939 , Willkie fought against the TVA before Congress , in the courts , and before the public . He was ultimately unsuccessful , but sold C&S 's property for a good price , and gained public esteem . A longtime Democratic activist , Willkie changed his party registration to Republican in late 1939 . He did not run in the 1940 presidential primaries , but positioned himself as an acceptable choice for a deadlocked convention . He sought backing from uncommitted delegates , while his supporters -- many youthful -- enthusiastically promoted his candidacy . As German forces under Hitler rampaged through western Europe in 1940 , many Republicans did not wish to nominate an isolationist like Thomas E. Dewey , and turned to Willkie , who was nominated on the sixth ballot over Ohio Senator Robert A. Taft . Willkie 's support for aid to Britain removed it as a major factor in his race against Roosevelt , and Willkie also backed the president on a peacetime draft . Both men took more isolationist positions towards the end of the race . Roosevelt won an unprecedented third term , taking 38 of the 48 states . After the election , Willkie made two wartime foreign trips as Roosevelt 's informal envoy , and as nominal leader of the Republican Party gave the president his full support . This angered many conservatives , especially as Willkie increasingly advocated liberal or internationalist causes . Willkie ran for the Republican nomination in 1944 , but bowed out after a disastrous showing in the Wisconsin primary in April . He and Roosevelt discussed the possibility of forming , after the war , a liberal political party , but Willkie died in October 1944 before the idea could bear fruit . Willkie is remembered for giving Roosevelt vital political assistance in 1940 , which allowed the president to aid Britain in its time of crisis .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9cd257cffe58ce0400dde5df6298c8d4", "text": "Nuclear Posture Review The Nuclear Posture Review is a process `` to determine what the role of nuclear weapons in U.S. security strategy should be . '' The first NPR of 2002 was the second of these quadrennial reviews of United States nuclear forces undertaken by the United States Department of Defense . The first took place in 1994 . The final report is National Security Classified and submitted to the Congress of the United States . The 2002 Nuclear Posture Review also included components requiring the `` Pentagon to draft contingency plans for the use of nuclear weapons against at least seven countries , naming not only Russia and the `` axis of evil '' -- Iraq , Iran , and North Korea -- but also China , Libya and Syria . '' President Barack Obama 's 2010 Nuclear Posture Review was preceded by high expectations because of his 2009 speech in Prague , Czech Republic where he prominently outlined a vision of a world without nuclear weapons . His NPR was hoped by observers to make concrete moves toward this goal . The finished 2010 policy renounces development of any new nuclear weapons such as the bunker-busters proposed by the Bush administration , and for the first time rules out a nuclear attack against non-nuclear-weapon states who are in compliance with the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty . This rule pointedly excludes Iran and North Korea . As part of the implementation of the 2010 Nuclear Posture Review , the U.S. Government is reviewing its nuclear deterrence requirements and nuclear plans to ensure that they are aligned to address today 's threats . Rose Gottemoeller , U.S. Acting Undersecretary of State for Arms Control and International Security , said in early June 2012 that the United States was considering what forces the United States needed to maintain for strategic stability and deterrence , including extended deterrence and assurance to U.S. Allies and partners . Based on this analysis the United States would develop proposals for potential further reductions in its nuclear stockpile .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8c5cd9892136fc2b0d08e6ef846f5ae2", "text": "Silverplate Silverplate was the code reference for the United States Army Air Forces ' participation in the Manhattan Project during World War II . Originally the name for the aircraft modification project which enabled a B-29 Superfortress bomber to drop an atomic weapon , `` Silverplate '' eventually came to identify the training and operational aspects of the program as well . The original directive for the project had as its subject line `` Silver Plated Project '' but continued usage of the term shortened it to `` Silverplate '' . Testing began with scale models at the Naval Proving Ground in Dahlgren , Virginia , in August 1943 . Modifications began on a prototype Silverplate B-29 known as the `` Pullman '' in November 1943 , and it was used for bomb flight testing at Muroc Army Air Field in California commencing in March 1944 . The testing resulted in further modifications to both the bombs and the aircraft . Seventeen production Silverplate aircraft were ordered in August 1944 to allow the 509th Composite Group to train with the type of aircraft they would have to fly in combat , and for the 216th Army Air Forces Base Unit to test bomb configurations . These were followed by 28 more aircraft that were ordered in February 1945 for operational use by the 509th Composite Group . This batch included the aircraft which were used in the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945 . Including the Pullman B-29 , a total of 46 Silverplate B-29s were produced during and after World War II . An additional 19 Silverplate B-29s were ordered in July 1945 , which were delivered between the end of the war and the end of 1947 . Thus , a total of 65 Silverplate B-29s were made . The use of the Silverplate codename was discontinued after the war , but modifications continued under a new codename , Saddletree . Another 80 aircraft were modified under this program . The last group of B-29s was modified in 1953 , but never saw further service .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "82d8f9e59718a904dc7c4f07d854341e", "text": "Mark 21 nuclear bomb The Mark 21 nuclear bomb was a United States nuclear gravity bomb first produced in 1955 . It was based on the TX-21 `` Shrimp '' prototype that had been detonated during the Castle Bravo test in March 1954 . While most of the Operation Castle tests were intended to evaluate weapons intended for immediate stockpile , or which were already available for use as part of the Emergency Capability Program , Castle Bravo was intended to test a design which would drastically reduce the size and costs of the first generation of air-droppable atomic weapons ( the Mk 14 , Mk 17 & Mk 24 ) . At 12 ft long , 56 in in diameter , and weighing 15000 lb , the Mk-21 was half the length and one-third the weight of the Mk-17 / 24 weapons it replaced . Its minimum yield was specified at four megatons . Quantity production of the Mk-21 started in December 1955 and ran until July 1956 . Three marks were produced ; the Mk-21C was proof tested as the Operation Redwing Navajo shot , with a yield of 4.5 megatons . Starting in June 1957 all Mk-21 bombs were converted to the more powerful Mk-36 , which was removed from service in 1962 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4206d9712bcc57e788167c708d4975dd", "text": "William Raborn William Francis Raborn , Jr. , United States Navy ( June 8 , 1905 -- March 6 , 1990 ) was a United States Navy officer , the leader of the project to develop the Polaris missile system , and the 7th Director of Central Intelligence as well as the 5th Director of the Central Intelligence Agency . Born in Decatur , Texas , he graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1928 . During World War II he directed the Gunnery Training Section at the Bureau of Aeronautics . He also served in the Pacific on aircraft carriers : Raborn was the executive officer of the carrier when her deck was damaged by a kamikaze attack . He had the deck repaired in four hours , allowing the ship 's aircraft ( which had been airborne when the kamikaze struck ) to land safely - for this Raborn was awarded the Silver Star . He later commanded the carriers and . Raborn was a rear admiral when he was appointed , on November 8 , 1955 , as Director of Special Projects at the Bureau of Weapons . His task was to develop a submarine-launched ballistic missile . He reported directly to Chief of Naval Operations Admiral Arleigh Burke and the Secretary of the Navy Charles Thomas . Raborn was told the new system had to achieve interim capability by early 1963 and full capability by early 1965 . The , the first ballistic missile submarine , was commissioned December 30 , 1959 , fired its first test missile July 20 , 1960 , and departed on the Navy 's first deterrent patrol on November 15 , 1960 . Raborn received the Distinguished Service Medal and was appointed Vice Admiral in 1960 . The same year he was awarded the Collier Trophy for his work on Polaris . Raborn had delivered Polaris three years ahead of schedule , due in part to his application of the PERT methodology . He became Deputy Chief of Naval Operations for Development in 1962 . Raborn retired from the Navy in 1965 and on April 28 of that year , despite his having no intelligence experience , President Lyndon B. Johnson appointed Raborn as the seventh Director of Central Intelligence ( DCI ) . As DCI , one of his primary responsibilities was to direct the Central Intelligence Agency . Time magazine wrote that his organizational skills would be invaluable in a CIA that admitted it was in danger of being `` drowned in data '' , but his tenure was not successful : author David Barrett described Raborn as `` incompetent at CIA , not understanding the agency or the intelligence business '' , and even the CIA 's own historians said `` Raborn did not ` take ' to the DCI job '' . A later CIA director , William Colby , described Raborn as focused on intelligence technology and not sufficiently attuned to the cultural issues involved in dealing with foreign nationals and governments . Raborn resigned on June 30 , 1966 , having served for only fourteen months as DCI . He was replaced by his deputy , Richard Helms . He was involved , during his time at the CIA , in its early activities against Ramparts magazine and its editors . Raborn is buried in the United States Naval Academy Cemetery in Annapolis , Maryland . Raborn was also : Vice Admiral ( United States Navy ) Director , U.S. Navy Special Projects Office Deputy Chief of Naval Operations", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a3a288c6aba31c9ccb4dd4ff75fb2a25", "text": "Origins of the Cold War The Origins of the Cold War are widely regarded to lie most directly in the relations between the Soviet Union and the allies ( the United States , Great Britain and France ) in the years 1945 -- 1947 . Those events led to the Cold War that endured for just under half a century . Events preceding the Second World War , and even the Russian Revolution of 1917 , underlay pre -- World War II tensions between the Soviet Union , western European countries and the United States . A series of events during and after World War II exacerbated tensions , including the Soviet-German pact during the first two years of the war leading to subsequent invasions , the perceived delay of an amphibious invasion of German-occupied Europe , the western allies ' support of the Atlantic Charter , disagreement in wartime conferences over the fate of Eastern Europe , the Soviets ' creation of an Eastern Bloc of Soviet satellite states , western allies scrapping the Morgenthau Plan to support the rebuilding of German industry , and the Marshall Plan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f6fb9a9afb4e3ed53a8cc9b71628963c", "text": "Surrender of Japan The surrender of Imperial Japan was announced on August 15 and formally signed on September 2 , 1945 , bringing the hostilities of World War II to a close . By the end of July 1945 , the Imperial Japanese Navy ( IJN ) was incapable of conducting major operations and an Allied invasion of Japan was imminent . Together with the British Empire and China , the United States called for the unconditional surrender of the Japanese armed forces in the Potsdam Declaration on July 26 , 1945 -- the alternative being `` prompt and utter destruction '' . While publicly stating their intent to fight on to the bitter end , Japan 's leaders ( the Supreme Council for the Direction of the War , also known as the `` Big Six '' ) were privately making entreaties to the still-neutral Soviet Union to mediate peace on terms more favorable to the Japanese . Meanwhile , the Soviets were preparing to attack Japanese forces in Manchuria and Korea ( in addition to South Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands ) in fulfillment of promises they had secretly made to the United States and the United Kingdom at the Tehran and Yalta Conferences . On August 6 , 1945 , at 8:15 AM local time , the United States detonated an atomic bomb over the Japanese city of Hiroshima . Sixteen hours later , American President Harry S. Truman called again for Japan 's surrender , warning them to `` expect a rain of ruin from the air , the like of which has never been seen on this earth . '' Late in the evening of August 8 , 1945 , in accordance with the Yalta agreements , but in violation of the Soviet -- Japanese Neutrality Pact , the Soviet Union declared war on Japan , and soon after midnight on August 9 , 1945 , the Soviet Union invaded the Imperial Japanese puppet state of Manchukuo . Later in the day , the United States dropped a second atomic bomb , this time on the Japanese city of Nagasaki . Following these events , Emperor Hirohito intervened and ordered the Supreme Council for the Direction of the War to accept the terms the Allies had set down in the Potsdam Declaration for ending the war . After several more days of behind-the-scenes negotiations and a failed coup d'état , Emperor Hirohito gave a recorded radio address across the Empire on August 15 . In the radio address , called the , he announced the surrender of Japan to the Allies . On August 28 , the occupation of Japan by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers began . The surrender ceremony was held on September 2 , aboard the United States Navy battleship , at which officials from the Japanese government signed the Japanese Instrument of Surrender , thereby ending the hostilities . Allied civilians and military personnel alike celebrated V-J Day , the end of the war ; however , some isolated soldiers and personnel from Imperial Japan 's far-flung forces throughout Asia and the Pacific islands refused to surrender for months and years afterwards , some even refusing into the 1970s . The role of the atomic bombings in Japan 's unconditional surrender , and the ethics of the two attacks , is still debated . The state of war formally ended when the Treaty of San Francisco came into force on April 28 , 1952 . Four more years passed before Japan and the Soviet Union signed the Soviet -- Japanese Joint Declaration of 1956 , which formally brought an end to their state of war .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e8d50a745d3fb292cb2de094b753a914", "text": "Strategic Defense Initiative The Strategic Defense Initiative ( SDI ) was a proposed missile defense system intended to protect the United States from attack by ballistic strategic nuclear weapons ( intercontinental ballistic missiles and submarine-launched ballistic missiles ) . The system , which was to combine ground-based units and orbital deployment platforms , was first publicly announced by President Ronald Reagan on March 23 , 1983 . The initiative focused on strategic defense rather than the prior strategic offense doctrine of mutual assured destruction ( MAD ) . The Strategic Defense Initiative Organization ( SDIO ) was set up in 1984 within the United States Department of Defense to oversee the Strategic Defense Initiative . Reagan was a vocal critic of MAD doctrine . SDI was an important part of his defense policy intended to end MAD as a nuclear deterrence strategy , as well as a strategic initiative to neutralize the military component of the Soviet Union 's nuclear defenses . The ambitious initiative was criticized for allegedly threatening to destabilize the MAD-approach and to possibly re-ignite `` an offensive arms race '' . SDI was nicknamed largely in the mainstream media as `` Star Wars '' , after the popular 1977 film by George Lucas . In 1987 , the American Physical Society concluded that a global shield such as `` Star Wars '' was extremely ambitious and with existing technology not directly feasible for operational status , and that about ten more years of research was needed to learn about such a comprehensive and complex system to set up and make it fully operational . Under the SDIO 's Innovative Sciences and Technology Office , headed by physicist and engineer Dr. James Ionson , the investment was predominantly made in basic research at national laboratories , universities , and in industry ; these programs have continued to be key sources of funding for top research scientists in the fields of high-energy physics , supercomputing/computation , advanced materials , and many other critical science and engineering disciplines -- funding which indirectly supports other research work by top scientists , and which was most politically viable to fund within the budget environment . Laser research funded by the SDI office was disclosed at laser conferences that also included panel discussions on the subject with the participation of James Ionson , Edward Teller , and other prominent advocates of SDI . During the administration of President Bill Clinton in 1993 , the SDIO 's name was changed to the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization ( BMDO ) and its focus shifted from national missile defense to theater missile defense ; and its scope from global to more regional coverage . It was never truly developed or deployed , though certain aspects of SDI research and technologies paved the way for some anti-ballistic missile systems of today . BMDO was renamed to the Missile Defense Agency in 2002 . This article covers defense efforts under the SDIO . Today , the United States holds a significant advantage in the field of comprehensive advanced missile defense systems through years of extensive research and testing . The US and the UK also have both laser weapons and 360 degree laser shields in development , which are expected to be ready for military use as early as 2020 . Many of the obtained technological insights were transferred to subsequent programs and would find use in follow-up programs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5e33beb32d2820dd9c9dbf4981c8c4d7", "text": "1939 State of the Union Address The 1939 State of the Union Address was given to the United States Congress , on January 4 , 1939 , by Franklin D. Roosevelt , the 32nd United States President . Foreseeing World War II , he said , `` In Reporting on the state of the nation , I have felt it necessary on previous occasions to advise the Congress of disturbance abroad and of the need of putting our own house in order in the face of storm signals from across the seas . As this Seventy-sixth Congress opens there is need for further warning . A war which threatened to envelop the world in flames has been averted ; but it has become increasingly clear that world peace is not assured . '' In September 1939 , the War in Europe began .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "106199ae7e66383f983678b84771018b", "text": "First 100 days of Franklin D. Roosevelt's presidency During the first hundred days of Franklin D. Roosevelt 's presidency , President Franklin D. Roosevelt planned to end the Great Depression . When Roosevelt took office on March 4 , 1933 , he immediately addressed the effects of the depression . His main four priorities were to get Americans back to work , protect their savings and create prosperity , provide relief for the sick and elderly , and get industry and agriculture back on their feet . 15 major laws were enacted in Roosevelt 's first 100 days .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cf30caeee151e95c62798a93683d3acd", "text": "We begin bombing in five minutes On August 11 , 1984 , United States President Ronald Reagan , while running for re-election , was preparing to make his weekly Saturday radio address on National Public Radio . During a sound check before the address , Reagan made the following joke to the radio technicians : `` My fellow Americans , I 'm pleased to tell you today that I 've signed legislation that will outlaw Russia forever . We begin bombing in five minutes . '' The joke was a parody of the opening line of that day 's speech : `` My fellow Americans , I 'm pleased to tell you that today I signed legislation that will allow student religious groups to begin enjoying a right they 've too long been denied -- the freedom to meet in public high schools during nonschool hours , just as other student groups are allowed to do . '' Contrary to popular misconception , this microphone gaffe was not broadcast over the air , but rather leaked later to the general populace . But the Tokyo newspaper Yomiuri Shimbun reported in October 1984 that the Soviet Far East Army was placed on alert after word of the statement got out and that the alert was not withdrawn until 30 minutes later . An unnamed aide to US Representative Michael Barnes ( D-Md . ) confirmed that the Pentagon was aware of the alert . There was no report of any change in the DEFCON level for the United States . The Soviet reaction , and mild confusion it created , was covered by NBC news anchor Tom Brokaw . This was not the first time Reagan had joked before giving a speech or address . The Soviet official news agency , TASS , condemned the joke , declaring that `` The USSR condemns this unprecedented and hostile attack by the US President '' and that `` this kind of behavior is incompatible with the great responsibility borne by heads of nuclear states for the destinies of their own people and mankind '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "89ce938119f9cc89db50dc88bd365eeb", "text": "German–Soviet Axis talks In October and November 1940 , German -- Soviet Axis talks occurred concerning the Soviet Union 's potential entry as a fourth Axis Power in World War II . The negotiations , which occurred during the era of the Molotov -- Ribbentrop Pact and the German-Soviet Commercial Agreement , included a two-day Berlin conference between Soviet Foreign Minister Vyacheslav Molotov , Adolf Hitler and German Foreign Minister Joachim von Ribbentrop , followed by both countries trading written proposed agreements . After two days of negotiations from 12 to 14 November 1940 , Germany presented the Soviets with a draft written Axis pact agreement defining the world spheres of influence of the four proposed Axis powers ( Japan , Germany , Soviet Union , Italy ) . Hitler , Ribbentrop and Molotov tried to set German and Soviet spheres of influence ; Hitler encouraged Molotov to look south to Iran and eventually India while preserving German access to Finland 's resources , and to remove Soviet influence in the Balkans . Molotov remained firm , seeking to remove German troops from Finland and gain a warm water port in the Balkans . Soviet foreign policy calculations were predicated by the idea that the war would be a long - term struggle and therefore German claims that Britain would be defeated swiftly were treated with scepticism . In addition Stalin sought to remain influential in Bulgaria and Yugoslavia . These factors resulted in Molotov taking a firm line . According to a Columbia University academical source , on 25 November 1940 , the Soviets presented a Stalin-drafted written counterproposal where they would accept the four power pact , but it included Soviet rights to Bulgaria and a world sphere of influence centered on the area around modern Iraq and Iran . Germany did not respond , leaving the negotiations unresolved . Regarding the counterproposal , Hitler remarked to his top military chiefs that Stalin `` demands more and more '' , `` he 's a cold-blooded blackmailer '' and that `` a German victory has become unbearable for Russia '' so that `` she must be brought to her knees as soon as possible . '' Germany ended the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact in June 1941 by invading the Soviet Union .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0c0a3bd90ace9d7b97aa942d0812dcc0", "text": "History of nuclear weapons Nuclear weapons possess enormous destructive power from nuclear fission or combined fission and fusion reactions . Starting with scientific breakthroughs made during the 1930s , the United States , the United Kingdom and Canada collaborated during World War II in what was called the Manhattan Project to counter the suspected Nazi German atomic bomb project . In August 1945 , two fission bombs were dropped on Japan , and stands to date as the only use of nuclear weapons in combat . The Soviet Union started development shortly thereafter with their own atomic bomb project , and not long after that both countries developed even more powerful fusion weapons known as `` hydrogen bombs '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b7386c2624f4e19e0eaae2a624ed89b3", "text": "Cash and carry (World War II) Cash and carry was a policy requested by US President Franklin Delano Roosevelt at a special session of the United States Congress on September 21 , 1939 , subsequent to the outbreak of war in Europe . It replaced the Neutrality Acts of 1936 . The revision allowed the sale of materiel to belligerents , as long as the recipients arranged for the transport using their own ships and paid immediately in cash , assuming all risk in transportation . However , the sale of war materials was not allowed . Though `` Cash and Carry '' concepts had been introduced in the Neutrality Act of 1936 , it only pertained to materials that could not be used in war efforts , which allowed them to aid warring countries . Originally presented to Congress by Senator Key Pittman ( D-NV ) earlier in 1939 , the bill was designed to replace the Neutrality Act of 1937 , which had lapsed in May 1939 . The bill had been defeated repeatedly by the Senate and the House on more than one occasion as Isolationists feared that passing the bill would draw the US into the conflict in Europe . However , President Roosevelt felt that further help was needed in Europe after Germany invaded Poland in September 1939 . The bill passed in late October , gaining approval from the House on November 5 , 1939 . The President gave his signature the same day . The purpose of this policy was to maintain neutrality between the United States and European countries while giving aid to Britain by allowing them to buy non war materials . Various policies , such as the Neutrality Acts of 1935 , 1936 , and 1937 , forbade selling implements of war or lending money to belligerent countries under any terms . The U.S. economy was rebounding at this time , following the Great Depression , but there was still a need for industrial manufacturing jobs . The cash and carry program helped to solve this issue and in turn Great Britain benefited from the purchase goods . This program also prevented US businesses interests backing the success or failure of any warring nation . Because of the conclusion of the Nye Committee , which asserted that United States involvement in World War I was driven by private interests from arms manufacturers , many Americans believed that investment in a belligerent would eventually lead to American participation in war . U.S. shipping interests were forbidden from entering into conflict zones and US passengers traveling on foreign ships did so at their own risk . The `` cash and carry '' legislation enacted in 1939 effectively ended the arms embargo that had been in place since the Neutrality Act of 1936 . It paved the way for Lend-Lease .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "39ec8c14584488573809a31da108b6a2", "text": "The Night Letter The Night Letter is a 1978 book by Paul Spike , with a double-layered structure : an anti-Nazi spy thriller on the background of the early part of the Second World War , and an exposure of cynical and machiavellian maneuverings in the American corridors of power . The book belongs to the subgenre of secret history -- i.e. with a plot in which real historical figures play a substantial part , doing things which are the author 's invention but which supposedly ( for reasons given in the plot ) remained secret and did not come to the knowledge of the public . In the book , a British doctor meets in 1936 with President Franklin D. Roosevelt , who is unaware that the doctor is a Nazi sympathizer . The visitor manages to secretly photograph the President in a compromising position with his secretary , Missy LeHand ( whom historians widely assume to have been indeed Roosevelt 's mistress ) . By 1940 , senior Nazi leader Reinhard Heydrich possesses the picture and intends to use the photo for blackmail and prevent Roosevelt from running for a third term -- in the hope that whoever gets elected instead would be more likely to keep the US out of the Second World War . The President must recover the photo before the Democratic Party Convention which is about to nominate him . What makes the situation more difficult is that Roosevelt also needs to bypass the FBI -- for apprehension that should the photo fall into the hands of J. Edgar Hoover , the FBI Director might use it for his own brand of blackmail . Instead , Roosevelt employs former FBI Agent Jackson , who had left the Bureau under a cloud and incurred Hoover 's personal enmity , and who is completely loyal to the President . The bulk of the book follows Jackson 's chase after the photo , starting from Paris at the very eve of its fall to the Wehrmacht and concluding with a cataclysmic confrontation at a secret Michigan base of the `` Silver Shirts '' -- a murderous , power-mad American Fascist militia ( which truly existed , though not necessarily doing all that the book describes it as doing ) . The chase ends with a mixed result -- the Nazi agents have been killed or captured , but the negative did fall into the hands of the FBI who caught the scent of what was going on . The book ends on a cynical note : Hoover meets the President at the White House , claims to have destroyed the negatives ( which is manifestly untrue ) and proceeds to imperiously demand the sacking of Jackson -- obviously he is under the impression that he now holds Roosevelt 's fate in his hand . Upon being shown this , the President presents a photo of his own , showing Hoover in a compromising position with a handsome young FBI agent . Roosevelt and Hoover would henceforth be tied to each other , `` like convicts in chain gang '' , each able to destroy the other but only at the cost of his own destruction . Category :1978 books Category : Corruption Category : Secret histories Category : Thriller novels", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3a4b692ed7fde4c8ccaca1791c05bdfe", "text": "Anti-nuclear groups in the United States More than eighty anti-nuclear groups are operating , or have operated , in the United States . These include : Abalone Alliance , Clamshell Alliance , Greenpeace USA , Institute for Energy and Environmental Research , Musicians United for Safe Energy , Nevada Desert Experience , Nuclear Control Institute , Nuclear Information and Resource Service , Public Citizen Energy Program , Shad Alliance , and the Sierra Club . These are direct action , environmental , health , and public interest organizations who oppose nuclear weapons and/or nuclear power . In 1992 , the chairman of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission said that `` his agency had been pushed in the right direction on safety issues because of the pleas and protests of nuclear watchdog groups '' . Some of the most influential groups in the anti-nuclear movement have had members who included Nobel Laureates ( e.g. , Linus Pauling and Hermann Joseph Muller ) . These scientists have belonged primarily to two groups : the Federation of American Scientists , and the Committee for Nuclear Responsibility .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e43271b08313bd58a9232092b492253f", "text": "Nuclear weapons and Israel Israel is widely believed to possess nuclear weapons and to be the sixth country in the world to have developed them , allegedly having built its first deliverable nuclear weapon in December 1966 based on scientific and industrial cooperation with pre-nuclear France . It is one of four nuclear-armed countries not recognized as a Nuclear Weapons State by the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty ( NPT ) ; the others being India , Pakistan , and North Korea . Israel maintains a policy known as `` nuclear ambiguity '' ( also known as `` nuclear opacity '' ) . Israel has never officially denied nor admitted to having nuclear weapons , instead repeating over the years that it would not be the first country to `` introduce '' nuclear weapons to the Middle East , leaving ambiguity as to whether it means it will not create , will not disclose , will not make first use of the weapons or possibly some other interpretation of the phrase . The `` not be the first '' formulation goes back to the Eshkol-Comer ( sic ) memorandum of understanding made between Israel and the United States on March 10 , 1965 , which contained Israel 's written assurance for the first time that it would not be the first to introduce nuclear weapons in the Middle East . Israel has refused to sign the NPT despite international pressure to do so , and has stated that signing the NPT would be contrary to its national security interests . Additionally , Israel has made extensive efforts to deny other regional actors the ability to acquire their own nuclear weapons . The counter-proliferation , preventive strike Begin Doctrine added another dimension to Israel 's existing nuclear policy . Israel remains the only country in the Middle East believed to possess them . Israel started investigating the nuclear field soon after its founding in 1948 and with French support secretly began building the Negev Nuclear Research Center , a facility near Dimona housing a nuclear reactor and reprocessing plant in the late 1950s . Israel is alleged to have built its first nuclear weapon in December 1966 , but it is not publicly confirmed . In 1986 , Mordechai Vanunu , a former Israeli nuclear technician , provided explicit details and photographs to The Sunday Times of a nuclear weapons program in which he had been employed for nine years , `` including equipment for extracting radioactive material for arms production and laboratory models of thermonuclear devices . '' In 1987 , an unclassified US DoD report ( released in February 2015 in response to a FOIA request ) stated that `` As far as nuclear technology is concerned , the Israelis are roughly where the U.S. -LSB- w -RSB- as in the fission weapon field in about 1955 to 1960 . It should be noted that the Israelis are developing the kind of codes which will enable them to make hydrogen bombs . '' Estimates as to the size of the Israeli nuclear arsenal vary between 75 and 400 nuclear warheads . It is estimated that the Israel nuclear deterrent force has the ability to deliver them by intermediate-range ballistic missile , intercontinental ballistic missile , aircraft , and submarine-launched cruise missile . The Stockholm International Peace Research Institute estimates that Israel has approximately 80 intact nuclear weapons , of which 50 are for delivery by Jericho II medium-range ballistic missiles and 30 are gravity bombs for delivery by aircraft . Former U.S. officials Jimmy Carter and Colin Powell have stated that Israel has 200 ( Powell ) or more than 300 ( Carter ) nuclear warheads .", "title": "" } ]	fever
0d7b8ebdb1be5687c12d96286e45952e	Kick-Ass is a film of the black comedy genre.	[ { "docid": "b970c606ed79116ec587837d55b7b54c", "text": "Kick-Ass (film) Kick-Ass is a 2010 British-American superhero black comedy film based on the comic book of the same name by Mark Millar and John Romita , Jr. . The film was directed by Matthew Vaughn , who produced with Brad Pitt and co-wrote the screenplay with Jane Goldman . Its general release was on 25 March 2010 in the United Kingdom and on 16 April 2010 in the United States . It is the first installment of the Kick-Ass film series . It tells the story of an ordinary teenager , Dave Lizewski ( Aaron Johnson ) , who sets out to become a real-life superhero , calling himself `` Kick-Ass '' . Dave gets caught up in a bigger fight when he meets Big Daddy ( Nicolas Cage ) , a former cop who , in his quest to bring down the crime boss Frank D'Amico ( Mark Strong ) and his son ( Christopher Mintz-Plasse ) ( Red Mist ) , has trained his eleven-year-old daughter ( Chloë Grace Moretz ) to be the ruthless vigilante Hit-Girl . Despite having generated some controversy for its profanity and violence performed by a child , Kick-Ass was well received by both critics and audiences . In 2011 it won the Empire Award for Best British Film . The film has gained a strong cult following since its release on DVD and Blu-ray . A sequel , written and directed by Jeff Wadlow and produced by Vaughn , was released in August 2013 , with Johnson , Mintz-Plasse , and Moretz reprising their roles .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "c59d1a55a3c7bca3f66871bf0e3113df", "text": "Black Banana The Black Banana was a nightclub in Philadelphia . It began as La Banane Noire at 534 South 4th Street in 1970 by Garrick Melmeck and Xavier ( ZaZa ) Hussenet . In the late 1970s it moved to 3rd and Race Street and became a private club for members only ( `` The Crusaders Community Club '' ) . Cafe Zaza served food while the Black Banana was known as the most decadent after-hours nightclub in town , with glass-walled unisex bathrooms featuring two-way mirrors , a private and exclusive party space on the third floor , and various nooks and crannies where mischievous customers could have their fun . The club thrived through the 80s being on the cutting edge of fashion and music : styles came and went and the Black Banana 's very diverse staff and sophisticated clientele rolled with the punches . This period was marked by such legendary talent as Josh Wink , Robbie Tronco , King Britt , Dj Dozia , Jeff Gross ( DJ Rush ) , Richie Rosati , Willyum , Stango , Suzi Miller and her Bananettes along with local legends like performers : Natasha and Coco , video artist : Nick London , Nick and Gigi Meoli , Toni Thomas , and uber Philly It-Girl , Kim Kelly . The Black Banana suffered a devastating fire in 1991 . Much of the staff worked day and night demolishing and rebuilding the club . All the while , loyal patrons held vigils out on its sidewalks . The club 's founder , Garrick Melmeck would succumb to AIDS in the months following the successful relaunch of the club . As the fabric of the Old City Philadelphia neighborhood changed and larger nightclubs opened in other ( less populated ) areas , The Black Banana played its last record and flashed its last strobe and closed its doors for good in 1998 . The building now houses Wexler Fine Arts Gallery .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "55a7d015872d39d71a3ba6e38d4e355e", "text": "Black Reel Awards The Black Reel Awards , or `` BRAs '' , is an annual American awards ceremony hosted by the Foundation for the Augmentation of African-Americans in Film ( FAAAF ) to recognize excellence in African-American , as well as those of African diaspora 's cinematic achievements in the around the world film industry as assessed by the Academy 's voting membership . The various category winners are awarded a copy of a statuette , officially called the Black Reel Award . The awards , first presented in 2000 in Washington , DC , are overseen by FAAAF . The awards ceremony was initially awarded online their first two years before the first live show in 2002 . The awards have broadcast to radio since 2014 . Currently , the Black Reel Awards is the oldest cinema-exclusive awards ceremony for African-Americans . The 16th Annual Black Reel Awards ceremony was held on February 18 , 2016 . A total of 315 Black Reel Awards have been presented since the inception of the award through the 16th .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a40e532b77d11423f9554977093158f9", "text": "Hip Hop Galsen Following an historical process of appropriation of American popular music by Senegal , For e.g. Jazz as well as Latin American music such as salsa or pachanga were popular in Senegalese cities from the 1940s and until recently . Hip Hop emerged in the Senegalese capital city in the early mid - 1980s . Although Hip Hop Galsen is now famous for its diverse musical productions , the movement there spread out from its dancing appeal rather than from its musical one . Indeed , Senegalese hip hop artists initially participated in this movement as smurfer , breakdancer , B-Boy in general performing during organised podiums . Schools , nightclubs and other temporary public stages thus played an essential role in amplifying this movement in Dakar . Besides , and in contrast to American Hip Hop , which grew from the youth in the inner city ghettos , Hip Hop in Dakar began among a somehow middle-class youth who was able to access and/or introduce in their home place new ideas and new cultural expressions coming from abroad . Indeed , Hip Hop became popular in the capital city through the intensive though informal circulation of VH7 cassettes and recorded videos , which were imported from USA ( Africa Bambaataa ) or France ( hip hop dance TV show ` HIPHOP ' animated by Sydney ) by diaspora people . Quickly , podiums enlarged their performances from dancers only to rappers as well . It was a time when soon-to-be hip hop artists were still mimicking American artists they actively used to listen to such Africa Bambaataa , Grandmaster Flash , Furious Five , Delight , Doug E. Fresh or Public Enemy for the most well-known . Indeed , rap , the MC performance , was still then a phonetic repetition , a copycatting of either American rappers or , with Hip Hop booming in France in the 1980s , of French hip hop artists such as Assassin , NTM , IAM or Mc Solaar . Without the real capacity for translating the movement and its expressions in Senegalese terms yet , the mid-1980s in Dakar were however definitively hip hop . And whenever the classical hip hop film Beat Street was circulating in local cinemas , young people were following the movie from showroom to showroom in order to view it again and again and to know by heart the famous lyrics of Grandmaster Flash .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "64daf635e0704799258b62ebaea7c666", "text": "Art film An art film is typically a serious , independent film aimed at a niche market rather than a mass market audience . An art film is `` intended to be a serious artistic work , often experimental and not designed for mass appeal '' ; they are `` made primarily for aesthetic reasons rather than commercial profit '' , and they contain `` unconventional or highly symbolic content '' . Film critics and film studies scholars typically define an art film as possessing `` formal qualities that mark them as different from mainstream Hollywood films '' , which can include , among other elements , a sense of social realism ; an emphasis on the authorial expressiveness of the director ; and a focus on the thoughts , dreams , or motivations of characters , as opposed to the unfolding of a clear , goal-driven story . Film scholar David Bordwell describes art cinema as `` a film genre , with its own distinct conventions '' . Art film producers usually present their films at specialty theatres ( repertory cinemas , or , in the U.S. , `` arthouse cinemas '' ) and film festivals . The term art film is much more widely used in the United States , the UK and Australia than in Europe , where the term is more associated with `` auteur '' films and `` national cinema '' ( e.g. , German national cinema ) . Because they are aimed at small niche market audiences , they can rarely get the financial backing that will permit large production budgets , expensive special effects , costly celebrity actors , or huge advertising campaigns , as are used in widely released mainstream blockbuster films . Art film directors make up for these constraints by creating a different type of film , which typically uses lesser-known film actors ( or even amateur actors ) and modest sets to make films that focus much more on developing ideas or exploring new narrative techniques or film-making conventions . A certain degree of experience and knowledge are required to fully understand or appreciate such films . One mid-1990s art film was called `` largely a cerebral experience '' that one enjoys `` because of what you know about film '' . This contrasts sharply with mainstream `` blockbuster '' films , which are geared more towards escapism and pure entertainment . For promotion , art films rely on the publicity generated from film critics ' reviews , discussion of their film by arts columnists , commentators and bloggers , and `` word-of-mouth '' promotion by audience members . Since art films have small initial investment costs , they only need to appeal to a small portion of the mainstream viewing audiences to become financially viable .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "926ab9ba8f50a1ff697f09c014bc2221", "text": "Bicycle Kick (film) Bicycle Kick ( 2013 ) , is a Bengali film . The film is directed by Debasish Sen Sharma , Sumit Das and produced by Success Creation Pvt. Ltd. . Music of the film has been composed by Joy Sarkar . The film is named after the popular acrobatic skill used in association football , the bicycle kick .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "62628167a0ad8a46fde64938d43d6d47", "text": "Black M Alpha Diallo better known by his stage name Black Mesrimes or more commonly Black M ( born 27 December 1984 ) , is a French rapper and singer-songwriter of Guinean descent . He grew up in the 7th and 13th arrondissements of Paris . He is famous for his membership in the French rap and hip hop collective Sexion d'Assaut in addition to his solo work and collaborations with various artists . His moniker Mesrimes is a reference to French criminal known as `` The Man of a Thousand Faces '' and French anti-establishment `` Robin Hood '' Jacques Mesrine . Black M uses many punch lines and onomatopoeias in his works . In 2006 , he had a joint released Bakry & Black Mesrimes presente Le Pact . In 2013 , he released `` Ailleurs '' as an early release from his solo album titled Les yeux plus gros que le monde that followed in 2014 , becoming his first official studio album . Black M states in his latest music video a famous punch line ; `` Alexandre de L A , il est super stylé '' . Follow-up big hits from the album included `` Mme Pavoshko '' , `` Sur ma route '' and `` La légende black '' . He later rereleased the album with eight additional tracks , renaming the new special release Le monde plus gros que mes yeux", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b3bfbb35eeecc286c31dfc2bf9ab574b", "text": "Combat Shock Combat Shock is a 1986 action war drama film written and directed by Buddy Giovinazzo and distributed by Troma Entertainment . The plot of the film takes place in Staten Island , and follows an unemployed Vietnam veteran living in total poverty with his nagging wife , his deformed baby due to Ricky having been exposed to Agent Orange that the US was spraying as a defoliant over Vietnam , and junkie friends . Unable to get a job and surrounded by the depravity of urban life and crime , he begins to lose his grip on sanity . The film received mixed reviews when it was released . Film Threat 's Christopher Curry praised the film for its gritty realism , and Troma president Lloyd Kaufman calls it one of the company 's true `` masterpieces '' ; however , shockcinemamagazine.com called it `` one of the ugliest , nastiest , most depressing movies of the decade '' ( though the review itself was a positive one ) , and Videohound described the film as `` relentlessly bleak ... you wo n't find a more depressing film outside an art-house cinema '' . Tagline : Fighting , killing , maiming ... Agent Orange and the torture cages were the easy part !", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0e3f8932bc7f005b3e1b71dd24735491", "text": "High kick", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e82ff384d63ad18424b75932c4d87911", "text": "Dub music Dub is a genre of music that grew out of reggae in the 1960s , and is commonly considered a subgenre , though it has developed to extend beyond the scope of reggae . Music in this genre consists predominantly of instrumental remixes of existing recordings and is achieved by significantly manipulating and reshaping the recordings , usually by removing the vocals from an existing music piece , and emphasizing the drum and bass parts ( this stripped-down track is sometimes referred to as a riddim ) . Other techniques include dynamically adding extensive echo , reverb , panoramic delay , and occasional dubbing of vocal or instrumental snippets from the original version or other works . It was an early form of popular electronic music . Dub was pioneered by Osbourne `` King Tubby '' Ruddock , Lee `` Scratch '' Perry , Errol Thompson and others in the late 1960s . Augustus Pablo is credited with bringing the melodica to dub , and is also among the pioneers and creators of the genre . Similar experiments with recordings at the mixing desk outside of the dancehall environment were also done by producers Clive Chin and Herman Chin Loy . These producers , especially Ruddock and Perry , looked upon the mixing console as an instrument , manipulating tracks to come up with something new and different . Dub has influenced many genres of music , including rock ( most significantly the subgenre of post-punk and other kinds of punk ) , pop , hip hop , disco , and later house , techno , ambient , electronic dance music , and trip hop . Dub has become a basis for the genres of jungle and drum and bass Traditional dub has survived , and some of the originators , such as Lee `` Scratch '' Perry and Mad Professor , continue to produce new material .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "18c8ed311b4e08c1dbde784be615dbee", "text": "Maroon music Maroon Music is a genre involving people of African descent that were not born on the continent creating songs in an African language ( as opposed to their first language ) . It is named after the Maroon ( people ) , African refugees who escaped from slavery in the Americas and formed independent settlements . Just as the Maroon people created their own societies in lands foreign to them in attempts to retain their freedom , Maroon music is an attempt by African American artists to reacquire their Mother tongue through writing music in an indigenous African language . Maroon Music subject matter centers around stories about Maroon leaders and other historic freedom fighters of African descent , Maroon groups , peace , unity , and righteousness . In the intro to Maroon music artist , Adetokunbo 's first album `` Maroon Music '' the history of the genre is explained : `` African refugees that escaped slavery in the Americas and formed independent settlements were called Maroons . The term can also be applied to their descendants . The same root word also gives us the English verb `` to maroon '' . When runaway slaves banded together and subsisted independently they were called Maroons . On the Caribbean islands , runaway slaves formed bands and on some islands formed armed camps . Maroon communities faced great odds to survive against oppressive attackers , obtain food for subsistence living , and to reproduce and increase their numbers . There is much variety among Maroon cultural groups because of differences in history , geography , African nationality , and the culture of indigenous people throughout the Western hemisphere . Maroon settlements sometimes developed creole languages by mixing European tongues with their original African languages . Other times the Maroons would adopt the local European language as a common tongue , for members of the community frequently spoke a variety of Mother Tongues . What you are about to hear is a family 's journey to reacquire their Mother Tongue through song . Their goal is to reacquire that which was lost in the Middle Passage . Let this music , Maroon Music , serve as their testament to freedom in a world that has nothing but contempt for the self liberated . '' Maroon music is less concerned with the perfection and fluency of speech of the African language but more with the exercise of learning and improving communication , while providing subtitles and written keys in English so that others will understand the message attempting to be conveyed by the artist . As pidgin English is noted as `` is a simplified version of a language that develops as a means of communication between two or more groups that do not have a language in common Pidgin , Maroon music employs the pidginization or Creolization of African languages as a simplified means for African Americans to communicate with indigenous Africans . For this reason , key 's and subtitles in Maroon Music videos are an essential component for conveying intended meaning to both indigenous Africans and those born abroad . The Maroons are a number of diverse peoples in the Caribbean , South America , North America and Central America , the descendants of escaped slaves . The Seminole music tradition of the United States is an example , as are numerous communities in Jamaica , Suriname and French Guiana . The Surinamese , Guyanese , and French Guianan escaped slaves managed to hide in the dense jungles of the area , and formed communities like the Aluku , Saramaka and Ndjuka . Their traditional sung stories are called mato , and there is also a kind of popular Maroon music called aleke . Traditional dances include awasa , a women 's social dance . The Jamaican Maroons are known for instruments like the abeng , a kind of horn .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "697580c81479770dc6c70a31e36dd7f8", "text": "B movie A B movie is a low-budget commercial movie , but one that is not an arthouse film . In its original usage , during the Golden Age of Hollywood , the term more precisely identified films intended for distribution as the less-publicized bottom half of a double feature . Although the U.S. production of movies intended as second features largely ceased by the end of the 1950s , the term B movie continues to be used in the broader sense it maintains today . In its post -- Golden Age usage , there is ambiguity on both sides of the definition : on the one hand , the primary interest of many inexpensive exploitation films is prurient ; on the other , many B movies display a high degree of craft and aesthetic ingenuity . In either usage , most B movies represent a particular genre -- the Western was a Golden Age B movie staple , while low-budget science-fiction and horror films became more popular in the 1950s . Early B movies were often part of series in which the star repeatedly played the same character . Almost always shorter than the top-billed films they were paired with , many had running times of 70 minutes or less . The term connoted a general perception that B movies were inferior to the more handsomely budgeted headliners ; individual B films were often ignored by critics . Latter-day B movies still sometimes inspire multiple sequels , but series are less common . As the average running time of top-of-the-line films increased , so did that of B pictures . In its current usage , the term has somewhat contradictory connotations : it may signal an opinion that a certain movie is ( a ) a genre film with minimal artistic ambitions or ( b ) a lively , energetic film uninhibited by the constraints imposed on more expensive projects and unburdened by the conventions of putatively `` serious '' independent film . The term is also now used loosely to refer to some higher-budgeted , mainstream films with exploitation-style content , usually in genres traditionally associated with the B movie . From their beginnings to the present day , B movies have provided opportunities both for those coming up in the profession and others whose careers are waning . Celebrated filmmakers such as Anthony Mann and Jonathan Demme learned their craft in B movies . They are where actors such as John Wayne and Jack Nicholson first became established , and they have provided work for former A movie actors , such as Vincent Price and Karen Black . Some actors , such as Bela Lugosi , Eddie Constantine and Pam Grier , worked in B movies for most of their careers . The term B actor is sometimes used to refer to a performer who finds work primarily or exclusively in B pictures .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "168c90fc76278aa26a5551b4fb6c581e", "text": "Black Sunday (1960 film) Black Sunday ( Italian : La maschera del demonio ) -- also known as The Mask of Satan and Revenge of the Vampire -- is a 1960 Italian gothic horror film directed by Mario Bava , from a screenplay by Ennio de Concini , Mario Serandrei and Marcello Coscia ( who was uncredited ) . The film stars Barbara Steele , John Richardson , Arturo Dominici and Ivo Garrani . It was Bava 's directorial debut , although he had completed several previous feature films without credit . Based very loosely on Nikolai Gogol 's short story `` Viy '' , the narrative concerns a witch who is put to death by her own brother , only to return 200 years later to seek revenge on her descendants . By the social standards of the 1960s , Black Sunday was considered unusually gruesome , and was banned in the UK until 1968 because of its violence . In the U.S. , some of the gore was censored , in-house , by the distributor American International Pictures before its theatrical release to the country 's cinemas , where it was shown as a double feature with Roger Corman 's The Little Shop of Horrors . Despite the censorship , Black Sunday was a worldwide critical and box office success , and launched the careers of director Mario Bava and movie star Barbara Steele . In 2004 , one of its sequences was voted number 40 among the `` 100 Scariest Movie Moments '' by the Bravo TV network .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "42f90f79a9a6fa0a3d4ae31de3aed895", "text": "Zimbabwean jazz Zimbabwean Jazz , also known as Afro Jazz was developed in the 20th century . Its history can be traced from its early colonial era . It was influenced by a style of township rhythm that evolved in a southern part of Africa over the last century . One can also trace similarities from Kwela , a pennywhistle-based , street music from the southern part of Africa with jazzy underpinnings and a distinctive , skiffle-like beat . Kwela music was influenced by blending the music of Malawian immigrants to South Africa , together with the local South African sounds . In Chichewa , the word Kwela has a very similar meaning to the South African meaning : `` to climb '' . The music was popularised in South Africa and then brought to Malawi , where contemporary Malawian artists have also begun producing Kwela music . It is also closely related to Marabi which was the name given to a keyboard style ( often using cheap pedal organs ) that had a musical link to American jazz , ragtime and blues , with roots deep in the African tradition . Early Marabi musicians were part of an underground musical culture and were typically not recorded . An example of such an artist in the early 1940s is August Musarurwa of the Skokiaan fame . It has continued to develop and you can even see traits of this music in his grandson Prince Kudakwashe Musarurwa . This music was often played in townships ( segregated parts of suburban areas ) . During colonial years of Rhodesia , the term township referred to a residential area reserved for black citizens within the boundaries of a city or town , and is still commonly used colloquially . But In modern Zimbabwe it is also used to refer to a residential area within close proximity of a rural growth point . These townships you would find `` Shebeens '' . Shebeens are most often located in townships as an alternative to pubs and bars . In the colonial error indigenous Africans were barred from entering pubs or bars reserved for those of European descent . Originally shebeens were operated illegally by women who were called Shebeen Queens and was itself a revival of the African tradition that assigned the role of alcohol brewing to women . The Shebeen Queens would sell home brewed and home-distilled alcohol and provided patrons with a place to meet and discuss political and social issues . Often , patrons and owners were arrested by the police , though the shebeens were frequently reopened because of their importance in unifying the community and providing a safe place for discussion . During the colonial error era shebeens became a crucial meeting place for activists , some attracting working class activists and community members , while others attracted lawyers , doctors and musicians . Shebeens also provided music and dancing , allowing patrons to express themselves culturally , which helped give rise to and support for the musical genre called Township Jazz which we now call Afro Jazz or Zimbabwean Jazz .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1ccb13141b63f89b1b973e1b0b53f0eb", "text": "Jack Black Thomas Jacob `` Jack '' Black ( born August 28 , 1969 ) is an American actor , comedian , writer , producer , musician and singer . His acting career has been extensive , starring primarily in comedy films . He is known for his roles in High Fidelity ( 2000 ) , Shallow Hal ( 2001 ) , School of Rock ( 2003 ) , King Kong ( 2005 ) , The Holiday ( 2006 ) , Nacho Libre ( 2006 ) , Kung Fu Panda ( 2008 ) , Tropic Thunder ( 2008 ) , Gulliver 's Travels ( 2010 ) , Kung Fu Panda 2 ( 2011 ) , Bernie ( 2011 ) , Goosebumps ( 2015 ) , and Kung Fu Panda 3 ( 2016 ) . He has been nominated for two Golden Globe Awards . Black is the lead vocalist of the comedic rock group Tenacious D which he formed in 1994 with friend Kyle Gass . They have released the albums Tenacious D , The Pick of Destiny and Rize of the Fenix .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "40914657c865e0884464a91fcda3b7f1", "text": "Black Like Who? Black Like Who ? is Rinaldo Walcott 's first book . It was published in 1997 by Insomniac Press in Toronto . This book came out of Walcott 's PhD research which focused on rap music and culture . The essays in Black Like Who ? demonstrate Walcott 's expanded interest concerning the theorizing of Black Canada more generally . The titles of essays included in this compilation will indicate the breadth of Walcott 's scholarly engagement with themes related to the Black Canadian experiences and expressions : Introduction : Writing Blackness After ... `` Going to the North '' : The Limit of Black Diasporic Discourse ( s ) `` A Tough Geography '' : Towards a Poetics of Black Space ( s ) in Canada The Politics of Third Cinema in Canada : Reading the Narrative of Clement Virgo 's Rude `` Keep on Movin ' '' : Rap , Black Atlantic Identities and the Problem of Nation `` No Language is Neutral '' : The Politics of Performativity in M. Nourbese Philip 's and Dionne Brand 's Poetry Black Subjectivities : Ethnicity , Race and the Politics of Film in Canada Scattered Speculations on Canadian Blackness ; Or , Grammar for Black Several of these essays have been published or republished in other sources .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6393379a161af4a8f2076fb292bb034f", "text": "Black (2015 Indian film) Black is an Indo-Bangla Bengali crime action film directed by Raja Chanda , and stars Soham Chakraborty and Bidya Sinha Mim in lead roles . The film was jointly produced by Viacom 18 Motion Pictures and Dag Creative Media and was released on 27 November 2015 . The film revolves around a man named , Biltu , who takes vengeance to those who framed his father ( a police officer ) with false charges and as a result the latter commits suicide to get rid of this humiliation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2f0a403a4e22adea9948f5321f1eb854", "text": "Ratchet (slang) Ratchet is a slang term in hip hop that in the strictest sense refers to an uncouth female , and is a Louisianan regiolect of `` wretched '' . The term has devolved to multiple meanings and connotations and is not bound by race or gender . The term gained popularity in 2012 through music artists and celebrities . It has been used similarly as the word `` ghetto '' . `` Ratchet '' can be used as an adjective , noun , or verb . The word has evolved to have many different meanings , and it can have either a positive or negative connotation . Some African-American women have reappropriated the word and embrace the meaning , whereas others point to how the term reinforces the negative portrayal of African-American women in the media . Numerous music artists have referred to the term `` ratchet '' in their songs . In November 2012 , LL Cool J released a single called `` Ratchet '' . In December 2012 , Beyoncé posted a picture of her wearing earrings that contained the word `` ratchet '' in it . Juicy J , Lil Debbie , Cam ` ron , Future , and Lil ' Boosie are some other artists who have also used the term in their music . Miley Cyrus had been criticized by some as appropriating ratchet culture . The word ratchet first appeared in publication in 1999 , with the song `` Do the Ratchet '' by Anthony Mandigo from Shreveport , Louisiana . Mandigo reportedly learned the term from his grandmother . In 2004 , a new version of the song was recorded . The producer of the song named Earl Williams , also known as Phunk Dawg , wrote the definition in the CD liner notes : `` n. , pron. , v , adv. , 1 . To be ghetto , real , gutter , nasty . 2 . It 's whatever , bout it , etc. . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f473c702189bf20dee62a2fb64e90490", "text": "Black light theatre Black Light Theatre ( in Czech černé divadlo ) or simply Black Theatre , is a theatrical performance style characterized by the use of black box theatre augmented by black light illusion . This form of theatre originated from Asia and can be found in many places around the world . It has become a speciality of Prague , where many theatres use it . The distinctive characteristics of `` black theatre '' are the use of black curtains , a darkened stage , and `` black lighting '' ( UV light ) , paired with fluorescent costumes in order to create intricate visual illusions . This `` black cabinet '' technique was used by Georges Méliès , and by theatre revolutionary Konstantin Stanislavski ( especially in his production of Cain ) . The technique , paired with the expressive artistry of dance , mime and acrobatics of the performers is able to create remarkable spectacles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6a23820162853d49fc9d52fd9822ca8c", "text": "Cinema of Africa African cinema is film production in Africa . It dates back to the early 20th century , when film reels were the primary cinematic technology in use . The Nigerian film industry is the largest in Africa in terms of value , number of annual films , revenue and popularity . It is also the second and third largest national film industry in the world , based on the number of annual films and revenue respectively .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8eadd3fdcd7de949e3f0a5e730cd2634", "text": "Black (2008 film) Black is a 2008 French blaxploitation film directed by Pierre Laffargue .", "title": "" } ]	fever
23d57f206d7ce226bea5ce4fe3fc78c3	Macaulay Culkin acted in Home Alone 2: Lost in New York.	[ { "docid": "61313b6080e289d1ce3bb010dd8bf364", "text": "Macaulay Culkin Macaulay Carson Culkin ( born August 26 , 1980 ) is an American actor . He became famous as a child actor for his role as Kevin McCallister in the family comedy Home Alone ( 1990 ) and its sequel Home Alone 2 : Lost in New York ( 1992 ) . He is also known for his roles in Uncle Buck ( 1989 ) , My Girl ( 1991 ) , The Good Son ( 1993 ) , The Pagemaster ( 1994 ) , Richie Rich ( 1994 ) , Party Monster ( 2003 ) , and the music video for Michael Jackson 's `` Black or White '' . At the height of his fame , he was regarded as the most successful child actor since Shirley Temple . Culkin ranked at number two on VH1 's list of the `` 100 Greatest Kid-Stars '' and E! 's list of the `` 50 Greatest Child Stars '' .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "3622124696157fe9f42ad285e29b1431", "text": "Daddy's Home 2 Daddy 's Home 2 is an upcoming American comedy film directed by Sean Anders , from a screenplay by Anders and John Morris . It stars Will Ferrell , Mark Wahlberg , Linda Cardellini , John Cena , John Lithgow and Mel Gibson . It is a sequel to the 2015 film Daddy 's Home . It is scheduled to be released on November 10 , 2017 , by Paramount Pictures .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e9253e02a799f98ca30f60093a211a23", "text": "Lost: The Journey `` Lost : The Journey '' is a clip show narrated by Brian Cox during the first season of Lost . It originally aired on April 27 , 2005 , on ABC , between the 20th and 21st episodes of the season . The special was repeated in the US on May 21 , between the two-part episode , `` Exodus '' , in build-up to the May 25 finale . The special was narrated by Lost actors Evangeline Lilly and Dominic Monaghan in Australia . The show was the first attempt to present in a linear fashion the struggles of the survivors of Oceanic Flight 815 before and after they became stranded on a mysterious island . ABC intended the special to `` bring new viewers up to date -- but which current viewers will also find illuminating . '' In anticipation , the TV critic for the St. Louis Post Dispatch noted that unlike usual clip shows , `` the hour-long recap is , for once , not just a cheap way to stretch out a hit show . This time , it 's a public service . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b9015276847f187bc5ec67b815c62a69", "text": "Death of Elisa Lam The body of Elisa Lam , also known by her Cantonese name , Lam Ho Yi ( ; April 30 , 1991 -- 2013 ) , a Canadian student at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver , was recovered from a water tank atop the Cecil Hotel in Downtown Los Angeles on February 19 , 2013 . She had been reported missing at the beginning of the month . Maintenance workers at the hotel discovered the body when investigating guest complaints of problems with the water supply . Her disappearance had been widely reported ; interest had increased five days prior to her body 's discovery when the Los Angeles Police Department released video of the last time she was known to have been seen , on the day of her disappearance , by an elevator security camera . In the footage , Lam is seen exiting and re-entering the elevator , talking and gesturing in the hallway outside , and sometimes seeming to hide within the elevator , which itself appears to be malfunctioning . The video went viral on the Internet , with many viewers reporting that they found it unsettling . Explanations ranged from claims of paranormal involvement to the bipolar disorder from which Lam suffered ; it has also been argued that the video was altered prior to release . The circumstances of Lam 's death , when she was found , also raised questions , especially in light of the Cecil 's history in relation to other notable deaths and murders . Her body was naked with most of her clothes and personal effects floating in the water near her . It took the Los Angeles County Coroner 's office four months , after repeated delays , to release the autopsy report , which reports no evidence of physical trauma and states that the cause of death was accidental . Guests at the Cecil , now re-branded as Stay on Main , sued the hotel over the incident , and Lam 's parents filed a separate suit later that year ; the latter was dismissed in 2015 . Some of the early Internet interest noted what were considered to be unusual similarities between Lam 's death and plot elements from the 2005 horror film Dark Water . There have been efforts to fictionalize the case since then as well . Less than a year after her death , Hungry Ghost Ritual , a Hong Kong horror film , included a scene apparently inspired by the elevator video , and Chinese director Liu Hao announced he was planning a film based on her life and death , hopefully starring Gao Yuanyuan . An episode of Castle was inspired by it , and a horror film that uses the case as a backstory , The Bringing , began development under Sony Pictures Entertainment .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f2f3f71280d1e253289d43c859ca2508", "text": "Adetokumboh M'Cormack Frederick Adetokumboh M'Cormack ( sometimes credited as Adetokumboh McCormack , Frederick McCormack , or Adetokumoh McCormack ) is a Sierra Leone Creole actor , known for his roles in the television series Lost and Heroes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "246ed60729921d67c91eba8182817aa3", "text": "The Movie Channel This article is about the American premium cable-satellite television network and sister channel of Showtime . For the unrelated , defunct television channel in the United Kingdom , see The Movie Channel ( UK ) . For the programming format of television channels focused on movies , see movie channel . Not to be confused with the Canadian premium television service The Movie Network . The Movie Channel ( sometimes abbreviated as TMC ) is an American premium cable and satellite television network that is owned by the Showtime Networks , Inc. subsidiary of CBS Corporation . The network 's programming mainly features first-run theatrically released and independently produced motion pictures , along with softcore adult erotica , and during promotional breaks between films , special behind-the-scenes features and movie trivia . Originally operated and sold as a standalone service , at present , The Movie Channel is receivable to cable and satellite subscribers primarily as part of the multiplex tier of parent network Showtime . The channel , along with its parent network Showtime and sister network Flix , are headquartered at Paramount Plaza on the northern end of New York City 's Broadway district .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6c19f9a661a66457255c621a405b1a61", "text": "2 Become 1 (film) 2 Become 1 ( Literal Title : Perfect Match ) is a 2006 Hong Kong romantic comedy-drama film directed by Law Wing-Cheong and produced by Johnnie To . The film stars Miriam Yeung as Bingo Leung , a working-class woman who discovers she has breast cancer . The film is based on Xi Xi 's published diary Mourning For Breasts , which chronicled her own experiences .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8196145c4652bfab4ae6e2bdb3a8eb91", "text": "Jonah Meyerson Jonah Meyerson ( born September 20 , 1991 ) is an American actor . He has worked with actors such as Gene Hackman , Pierce Brosnan , Robin Williams , Ben Stiller , Dermot Mulroney , Alison Pill , and Aidan Quinn . He was born in New York City , where he currently lives . He is a graduate of Stuyvesant High School , and the University of Pennsylvania as a member of the class of 2013 . At UPenn , he was the head writer for and a cast member of Penn 's Mask and Wig Club , the nation 's oldest collegiate all-male musical comedy troupe . Meyerson also performed with Penn 's improv comedy troupe , Without a Net . and was a 2013 member of Penn 's Friars Senior Society . Meyerson made his acting debut in Wes Anderson 's 2001 award-winning film The Royal Tenenbaums . He played Uzi , the red-suited older son of Chas , played by Ben Stiller , and the grandson of characters played by Gene Hackman and Anjelica Huston . Meyerson was nominated for a Young Artists ' award for his work on that film . He also starred in Griffin and Phoenix , a new movie shown on the Lifetime channel and released on DVD . His work on that film earned him his second Young Artist Award nomination . In 2005 , he was in the movies Little Manhattan and The Matador , and in 2004 , David Duchovny 's House of D. Playing computer genius Yoda who helps Alison Pill 's character in Book of Daniel ( 2006 ) , Jonah was set to appear in eight episodes , but only one of his episodes aired before the series was cancelled . His work on that series is available on the show 's DVD . He is represented by -LSB- Paradigm -RSB- in New York City .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0db5e98be904d9a2f169d3f5ea8d1c37", "text": "Christopher McDonald Christopher McDonald is an American actor . He is known for his roles as Darryl Dickinson in Thelma & Louise ( 1991 ) , Shooter McGavin in Happy Gilmore ( 1996 ) , Ward Cleaver in the film adaptation of Leave It to Beaver ( 1997 ) , Kent Mansley in The Iron Giant ( 1999 ) , Tappy Tibbons in Requiem for a Dream ( 2000 ) , and Mel Allen in the HBO film 61 * ( 2001 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2ea203ee49603537eda00c8ef1f85ba3", "text": "Child actor The term child actor or child actress is generally applied to a child acting on stage or in motion pictures or television , but also to an adult who began his or her acting career as a child ; to avoid confusion , the latter is also called a former child actor . Closely associated is teenage actor or teen actor , an actor who reached popularity as a teenager . Many child actors find themselves struggling to adapt as they become adults . Lindsay Lohan and Macaulay Culkin are two particular famous child actors who eventually experienced much difficulty with the fame they acquired at a young age ; Lohan 's career resumed after an interruption of several years . Many child actors also become successful adult actors as well , an example being Mickey Rooney 's career that included both the popular 1935 film A Midsummer Night 's Dream and the popular 2011 film The Muppets .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7f846b3104d4afee363754c61fe4751e", "text": "Jack Dishel Jack Dishel ( born Yevgeny Leonidovich Dishel ) is an American musician , actor , writer , comic and producer . Born in the Soviet Union , he grew up in the US from the age of three . He releases and performs music under the band name Only Son and was previously the lead guitarist for The Moldy Peaches . On December 17 , 2015 , Dishel launched his new web series , '' : DRYVRS '' starring Macaulay Culkin , which amassed over 6 million views on its first day of release and within its first week online had been viewed more than 20 million times .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ee02aaf7cf1eff088ea377a88da6786d", "text": "Romeo + Juliet William Shakespeare 's Romeo + Juliet ( shortened to Romeo + Juliet ) is a 1996 American romantic drama film directed , co-produced and co-written by Baz Luhrmann , co-produced by Gabriella Martinelli and co-written by Craig Pearce , being an adaption and modernization of William Shakespeare 's tragedy Romeo and Juliet . The film stars Leonardo DiCaprio and Claire Danes in the leading roles of Romeo and Juliet , who instantly fall in love when Romeo crashes a party and meets her despite them being members of the Montague and Capulet family ; Brian Dennehy , John Leguizamo , Pete Postlethwaite , Paul Sorvino and Diane Venora star in supporting roles . While it retains the original Shakespearean dialogue , the Montagues and the Capulets are represented as warring mafia empires ( with legitimate business fronts ) and swords are replaced with guns ( with brand names such as `` Dagger '' and `` Sword '' ) . Some of the characters ' names are also changed . Lord and Lady Montague and Lord and Lady Capulet are given first names ( as opposed to the Shakespeare original where their first names are never mentioned ) , Friar Lawrence becomes Father Lawrence , and Prince Escalus is renamed Captain Prince . There is also no Friar John , who was in the original play . Also , some characters were switched from one family to the other -- in the original , Gregory and Sampson are Capulets , but in the film , they are Montagues . ( Abram , as Abra , and Petruchio , conversely , are shifted from the Montague to the Capulet family . ) In addition , a few plot details are shifted , most notably near the ending . The film was released on November 1 , 1996 by 20th Century Fox to commercial and generally critical success , grossing over $ 147.5 million over a $ 14.5 million budget and receiving generally positive reviews . At the 47th Berlin International Film Festival in 1997 , DiCaprio won the Silver Bear for Best Actor and Luhrmann won the Alfred Bauer Prize . Luhrmann was also nominated for the Golden Bear Award for Best Picture . At the 69th Academy Awards , Catherine Martin and Brigitte Broch were nominated for Best Art Direction/Set Decoration .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "723522f2aaa388ee857e55089a11b987", "text": "Improper Channels Improper Channels is a 1981 comedy-drama film starring Alan Arkin and Mariette Hartley , both of whom were nominated for Genie Awards for their performances . Arkin plays an architect named Jeff Martley who is erroneously accused of child abuse by an overzealous social worker ( Monica Parker ) . Hartley plays Martley 's estranged wife . The film was released in the United States in 1981 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "75d6ca859a4e72e24737a9f85dbbac87", "text": "Angela Goethals Angela Bethany Goethals ( born May 20 , 1977 ) is an American film , television and stage actress . Goethals made her acting debut in the Broadway production of Coastal Disturbances in 1987 , and later became known for her role in Home Alone ( 1990 ) playing the sister of Macaulay Culkin 's character in the film . Throughout the 1990s , Goethals went on to star in several independent films and television shows , including a leading role on the sitcom Phenom ( 1993 ) , as well as a small role in Jerry Maguire ( 1996 ) . In 1999 , Goethals graduated from Vassar college with a B.A. in French before returning to acting . In 2005 , she landed a recurring guest appearance on 24 , and also gained recognition and critical acclaim for her starring role in the black comedy horror mockumentary , Behind the Mask : The Rise of Leslie Vernon ( 2006 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0c2354bdfe3d316c78ab2cea45054fe0", "text": "The Hours (film) The Hours is a 2002 British-American drama film directed by Stephen Daldry , and starring Meryl Streep , Julianne Moore and Nicole Kidman . Supporting roles are played by Ed Harris , John C. Reilly , Stephen Dillane , Jeff Daniels , Miranda Richardson , Allison Janney , Toni Collette and Claire Danes . The screenplay by David Hare is based on Michael Cunningham 's 1999 Pulitzer Prize-winning novel of the same title . The plot focuses on three women of different generations whose lives are interconnected by the novel Mrs Dalloway by Virginia Woolf . These are Clarissa Vaughan ( Streep ) , a New Yorker preparing an award party for her AIDS-stricken long-time friend and poet , Richard ( Harris ) in 2001 ; Laura Brown ( Moore ) , a pregnant 1950s California housewife with a young boy and an unhappy marriage ; and Virginia Woolf ( Kidman ) herself in 1920s England , who is struggling with depression and mental illness while trying to write her novel . The film was released in Los Angeles and New York City on Christmas Day 2002 , and was given a limited release in the United States and Canada two days later on December 27 , 2002 . It did not receive a wide release in North America until January 2003 , and was then released in British cinemas on Valentine 's Day that year . Critical reaction to the film was mostly positive , with nine Academy Award nominations for The Hours including Best Picture , and a win for Nicole Kidman as Best Actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6addb5d04818b691a86a641f42b04766", "text": "The Accomplices The Accomplices is a 2007 play by New York Times reporter Bernard Weinraub . It premiered at The New Group in New York City in 2007 and played thereafter in regional theatres . The play is based on Hillel Kook 's wartime experiences in the United States . The role of Hillel Kook ( aka `` Peter Bergson '' ) was played twice onstage by actor Steven Schub ( lead singer of The Fenwicks ) , in 2008 at The Fountain Theatre and in 2009 at the Odyssey Theatre in Los Angeles . Raphael Poch played Bergson at a 2009 production in Jerusalem and David Golinkin played Rabbi Wise .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0a1317743267e9ef1805687b853de4f5", "text": "A Haunted House 2 A Haunted House 2 is a 2014 American horror comedy film directed by Michael Tiddes and starring Marlon Wayans . The film is the sequel to the 2013 film A Haunted House . Produced by IM Global Octane and distributed by Open Road Films , the film was released on April 18 , 2014 . The film received negative reviews , and earned over $ 23 million at the box office .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "744541ea7b41a01ad36434fcd12fab8e", "text": "Shut In (2015 film) Shut In ( also known as Intruders ) is an American horror thriller film directed by Adam Schindler and written by T.J. Cimfel and David White . The film stars Beth Riesgraf , Rory Culkin , Martin Starr and Jack Kesy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fe208119f0d0dc4dd426596ea18cba66", "text": "How to Train Your Dragon 2 How to Train Your Dragon 2 is a 2014 American 3D computer-animated fantasy action film produced by DreamWorks Animation and distributed by 20th Century Fox , loosely based on the British book series of the same name by Cressida Cowell . It is the sequel to the 2010 computer-animated film How to Train Your Dragon and the second in the trilogy . The film is written and directed by Dean DeBlois , and stars the voices of Jay Baruchel , Gerard Butler , Craig Ferguson , America Ferrera , Jonah Hill , Christopher Mintz-Plasse , T.J. Miller , and Kristen Wiig , with the addition of Cate Blanchett , Djimon Hounsou , and Kit Harington . The film takes place five years after the first film , featuring Hiccup and his friends as young adults as they meet Valka , Hiccup 's long-lost mother , and Drago Bludvist , a madman who wants to conquer the world . DeBlois , who co-directed the first film , agreed to return to direct the second film on the condition that he would be allowed to turn it into a trilogy . He cited The Empire Strikes Back and My Neighbor Totoro as his main inspirations , with the expanded scope of the The Empire Strikes Back being particularly influential . The entire voice cast from the first film returned , and Cate Blanchett and Djimon Hounsou signed on to voice Valka and Drago , respectively . DeBlois and his creative team visited Norway and Svalbard to give them ideas for the setting . Composer John Powell returned to score the film . How to Train Your Dragon 2 benefited from advances in animation technology and was DreamWorks ' first film to use scalable multicore processing and the studio 's new animation and lighting software . The film was released on June 13 , 2014 , and like its predecessor , received wide acclaim . Critics praised the film for its animation , voice acting , action scenes , musical score , emotional depth , and darker , more serious tone compared to its predecessor . It received the Golden Globe Award for Best Animated Feature Film and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Animated Feature . The film won six Annie Awards , including Best Animated Feature and Best Director . The film grossed over $ 621 million worldwide , making it the 12th highest-grossing film of 2014 . It earned less than its predecessor at the US box office , but performed better internationally . A third installment in the trilogy , How to Train Your Dragon 3 , is scheduled to be released on March 1 , 2019 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "246d6650165524edfd0b799dfd4312af", "text": "York Theatre York Theatre is an Off-Broadway theatre company base in East Midtown Manhattan , New York City . In its 48th year , York Theatre is dedicated to the production of new musicals and concert productions of forgotten musicals from the past . Each season consists of three or four mainstage productions , six or more concert presentations and dozens of developmental readings . It has had several transfers of its work to larger off-Broadway theatres and to Broadway . The company was awarded a special Drama Desk Award in 1996 to its artistic director Janet Hayes Walker and in 2006 for its `` vital contributions to theater by developing and presenting new musicals '' . Since 1993 the company has performed in an intimate theatre that is part of St. Peter 's Church , in the Citigroup Center Complex at 619 Lexington Avenue at the corner of East 54th Street . The Oscar Hammerstein Award is named in honor of the legendary lyricist and librettist who helped shape American musical theatre through his collaborations with a number of different composers and writers . The award was created in 1988 by Janet Hayes Walker , the Founding Artistic Director of The York Theatre Company , and is presented with the endorsement of the Rodgers & Hammerstein Organization and the Hammerstein family . The Oscar Hammerstein Award Gala is the major annual fundraising event of The York , a mainstay of the Off-Broadway scene for more than 45 years . Past recipients include Stephen Sondheim , Betty Comden & Adolph Green , Harold Prince , Cy Coleman , Charles Strouse , Arthur Laurents , Jerry Herman , Stephen Schwartz , Peter Stone , David Merrick , John Kander & Fred Ebb , Terrence McNally , Sir Cameron Mackintosh , Carol Channing , Tony Walton , Joseph Stein , Thomas Meehan , Jerry Bock and Sheldon Harnick , Barbara Cook , Paul Gemignani , Lynn Ahrens & Stephen Flaherty . In November , 2015 , the 24th Oscar Hammerstein Award was presented to Angela Lansbury in a star-studded tribute evening .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2982d0eee0e206f8a2743c3e737a0f74", "text": "An Englishman Abroad An Englishman Abroad is a 1983 BBC television drama film , based on the true story of a chance meeting of actress Coral Browne , with Guy Burgess ( Alan Bates ) , a member of the Cambridge spy ring who spied for the Soviet Union while an officer at MI6 . The production was written by Alan Bennett and directed by John Schlesinger ; Browne stars as herself . The film is set is Moscow in 1958 , after Burgess had defected to the Soviet Union in 1951 with Donald Maclean when it became apparent that Maclean was about to be investigated by British intelligence . Burgess barges into Browne 's dressing room in the interval of a touring Shakespeare Memorial Theatre ( which became one of the bases of the Royal Shakespeare Company ) production of Hamlet , in which she portrayed Gertrude , and charms her . Later on she is invited to his Moscow flat , finding it with some difficulty , to measure him for a suit that he would like ordered from his London tailor . Several plot changes were made from the true story told by Browne to Bennett . Burgess in fact threw up in the dressing room of Michael Redgrave , who asked for Browne 's help . Redgrave documented the incident in his biography . The play also contained scenes in Moscow 's British Embassy and in London shops where Browne encountered resistance to helping Burgess , none of which happened in reality . Rather than film in the Soviet Union , Schlesinger used several locations in Scotland . The Caird Hall and Whitehall Theatre in Dundee stood in for the Moscow theatre , and the grand marble staircase of Glasgow City Chambers played the part of the British Embassy . Additional filming was done at Glasgow 's St. Andrew 's Suspension Bridge ( `` luckily , in a snowstorm '' Bennett later wrote ) and the Moss Heights flats in Cardonald , which represented Burgess ' Moscow apartment . Both Browne and Bates were winners of the BAFTA awards for acting for their roles in this production . Bennett gives the date of Browne 's meeting with Burgess as 1958 in the introduction to his Single Spies , which contains the text of An Englishman Abroad in the stage play version and the text of A Question of Attribution about Anthony Blunt . The play was also adapted for radio on the BBC World Service in 1994 starring Michael Gambon as Burgess and Penelope Wilton as Coral Browne . It was subsequently re-broadcast on BBC Radio 7 and BBC Radio 4 Extra , most recently in 2013 as part of BBC Radio 4 Extra 's Cambridge Spies season . On the BFI TV 100 , a list compiled in 2000 by the British Film Institute ( BFI ) , chosen by a poll of industry professionals , to determine what were the greatest British television programmes of any genre ever to have been screened , An Englishman Abroad was listed at no. 30 on the list .", "title": "" } ]	fever
8be274f44cd03ee70a75877bfddfd4e3	Vladimir Putin was President.	[ { "docid": "fadd25d6b50bfb0e454d9fe85fac69cd", "text": "Vladimir Putin Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin ( ˈ ; born 7 October 1952 ) is the current President of the Russian Federation , holding the office since 7 May 2012 . He was Prime Minister from 1999 to 2000 , President from 2000 to 2008 , and again Prime Minister from 2008 to 2012 . During his second term as Prime Minister , he was the Chairman of the ruling United Russia Party . Born in Leningrad ( now Saint Petersburg ) , Putin studied German in high school and speaks the language fluently . He studied Law at the Saint Petersburg State University , graduating in 1975 . Putin was a KGB Foreign Intelligence Officer for 16 years , rising to the rank of Lieutenant Colonel before retiring in 1991 to enter politics in Saint Petersburg . He moved to Moscow in 1996 and joined President Boris Yeltsin 's administration , rising quickly through the ranks and becoming Acting President on 31 December 1999 , when Yeltsin resigned . Putin won the subsequent 2000 Presidential election by a 53 % to 30 % margin , thus avoiding a runoff with his Communist Party of the Russian Federation opponent , Gennady Zyuganov . He was re-elected President in 2004 with 72 % of the vote . During Putin 's first presidency , the Russian economy grew for eight straight years , and GDP measured in purchasing power increased by 72 % . The growth was a result of the 2000s commodities boom , high oil prices , and prudent economic and fiscal policies . Because of constitutionally mandated term limits , Putin was ineligible to run for a third consecutive presidential term in 2008 . The 2008 Presidential election was won by Dmitry Medvedev , who appointed Putin Prime Minister , beginning what has been called a period of `` tandemocracy '' . In September 2011 , after presidential terms were extended from four to six years , Putin announced he would seek a third term as president . He won the March 2012 presidential election with 64 % of the vote , a result which aligned with pre-election polling . Falling oil prices coupled with international sanctions imposed at the beginning of 2014 after Russia 's annexation of Crimea and military intervention in Eastern Ukraine led to GDP shrinking by 3.7 % in 2015 , though the Russian economy rebounded in 2016 with 0.3 % GDP growth and is officially out of the recession . Under Putin 's leadership , Russia has scored poorly on both the Economist Intelligence Unit 's Democracy Index and Transparency International 's Corruption Perceptions Index . Putin has enjoyed high domestic approval ratings during his career , and received extensive international attention as one of the world 's most powerful leaders . In 2007 , he was the Time Person of the Year . In 2015 , he was # 1 on the Time 's Most Influential People List . Forbes ranked him the World 's Most Powerful Individual every year from 2013 to 2016 .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "0fca35e27018a81750afd7a4b65a6718", "text": "Andrei Kirilenko (politician) Andrei Pavlovich Kirilenko ( -LSB- Андре́й Па́влович Кириле́нко , p = ɐnˈdrʲej ˈpavləvʲɪtɕ kʲɪrʲɪˈlʲɛnkə -RSB- -- 12 May 1990 ) was a Soviet statesman from the start to the end of the Cold War . In 1906 , Kirilenko was born at Alexeyevka in Belgorod Oblast to a Ukrainian working-class family . He graduated in the 1920s from a local vocational school , and again in the mid-to-late 1930s from the Rybinsk Aviation Technology Institute . He became a member of the All-Union Communist Party ( bolsheviks ) in 1930 . As many like him , Kirilenko climbed up the Soviet hierarchy through the `` industrial ladder '' ; by the 1960s , he was Vice-Chairman of the Bureau of the Central Committee of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic ( RSFSR ) . After Nikita Khrushchev 's forced resignation , Kirilenko became Leonid Brezhnev 's `` chief lieutenant '' within the Central Committee . His main objective was to ensure Brezhnev 's power base and , if possible , to strengthen Brezhnev 's position within the Party . He was the first organisational secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union ( CPSU ) from Khrushchev 's ouster to the death of Leonid Brezhnev . Kirilenko was responsible for personnel selection and detailed supervision of the economic planning of the CPSU during most of the Brezhnev Era . In 1976 , Brezhnev appointed Konstantin Chernenko to be his `` counterweight '' in the Central Committee ( CC ) . He became a member of the Political Bureau ( Politburo ) in 1965 . He was forced to resign from active politics due to health reasons and because Yuri Andropov was appointed to the General Secretaryship . When Andropov became General Secretary in 1982 , Kirilenko was pushed aside . He died on 12 May 1990 in Moscow .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5c9702d9be1df17fec987a896ad1407", "text": "Viktor Zubkov Viktor Alekseyevich Zubkov ( -LSB- Ви́ктор Алексе́евич Зубко́в , p = ˈvʲiktər ɐlʲɪˈksʲejɪvʲɪtɕ zʊpˈkof -RSB- born 15 September 1941 ) is a Russian politician and businessman who served as the Prime Minister of Russia from September 2007 to May 2008 . He was Vladimir Putin 's First Deputy Prime Minister during the Presidency of Dmitry Medvedev . Zubkov was a financial crime investigator until 12 September 2007 , when he was nominated by President Vladimir Putin to replace Prime Minister Mikhail Fradkov , who had resigned earlier that day . The nomination was approved in the Duma on 14 September 2007 . On 7 May 2008 Zubkov 's cabinet was automatically dismissed . This procedure , following an inauguration of the President of Russia is required by the Russian Constitution . After Putin became Prime Minister , Zubkov was appointed First Deputy Prime Minister . Zubkov is also the current chairman of the board of directors of Gazprom , Russia 's largest corporation and one of the largest oil and natural gas companies in the world .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "287241269a7768f741b64d12b8ed3756", "text": "2008 amendments to the Constitution of Russia The amendments of 2008 , which were proposed in November 2008 and came into force on 31 December 2008 , have become the first substantial amendments to the Constitution of Russia of 1993 and extended the terms of the President of Russia and the State Duma from four to six and five years , respectively . Earlier only minor adjustments concerning the naming of the federal subjects or their merging were made , which require a much simpler procedure .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3ba5d2d2abeac51ae032dd27388354f2", "text": "Vladimir Anatolyevich Yakovlev Vladimir Anatolyevich Yakovlev ( -LSB- Влади́мир Анато́льевич Я́ковлев , p = vlɐˈdʲimʲɪr ɐnɐˈtolʲɪvʲɪtɕ ˈjakəvlʲɪf -RSB- born November 25 , 1944 , in Olyokminsk , Yakutia , Soviet Union ) is a Russian politician , currently retired . In 1996 -- 2003 , he was the Governor of Saint Petersburg . In 2003-2004 , prior to the Beslan school hostage crisis , he was Presidential Plenipotentiary Envoy to the Southern Federal District . On September 13 , 2004 , - September 24 , 2007 , he was Russia 's Minister for Regional Development in Mikhail Fradkov 's Second Cabinet .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "81e3ea31d017a658dbac90d47cb1d358", "text": "Ukraine–European Union relations Relations between Ukraine and the European Union ( EU ) are currently shaped through the European Neighbourhood Policy ( ENP ) , a foreign policy instrument of the EU designed for the countries it borders . The EU is seeking an increasingly close relationship with Ukraine , going beyond co-operation , to gradual economic integration and deepening of political co-operation . Ukraine is a priority partner within the ENP . In 2012 , the EU initialled deals on free trade and political association with Ukraine ; however , EU leaders stated that these agreements would not be ratified unless Ukraine addresses concerns over a `` stark deterioration of democracy and the rule of law '' , including the imprisonment of Yulia Tymoshenko and Yuriy Lutsenko in 2011 and 2012 . Deadlines were set for Ukraine to carry out the required changes to its justice and electoral systems in order to enable the formal signing of their agreements with the EU in Vilnius on 29 November 2013 . But although the then Ukrainian President Viktor Yanukovych had urged the Ukrainian parliament to adopt laws so that Ukraine could meet the EU 's criteria , the Ukrainian government suspended preparations for signing the association agreement on 21 November 2013 . Yanukovych still attended the aforementioned EU summit in Vilnius on 28 -- 29 November 2013 where the association agreement was originally planned to be signed but it was not . The decision to put off signing the association agreement led to pro-EU Euromaidan movement . These led to the removal of Yanukovych and his government by parliament after the 2014 Ukrainian revolution in February 2014 . Since then , Ukraine has been striving towards integration into the European Union whilst the eastern part of the county has been engaged in pro-Russian unrest , opposing the Euromaidan movement . The political part of the Association Agreement was signed on 21 March 2014 by the new Prime Minister , Arseniy Yatsenyuk . Meanwhile , the EU has attempted to stabilize Ukraine by freezing assets of allegedly corrupt Russians and Ukrainians and by granting financial aid to Ukraine . The economic part of the Ukraine -- European Union Association Agreement was signed on 27 June 2014 by the new President , Petro Poroshenko , who described this as Ukraine 's `` first but most decisive step '' towards EU membership . Poroshenko also set 2020 as a target for an EU membership application . On January 1 , 2016 , Ukraine joined the Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area with the EU .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5356908492fabeb5dab3269b252749f8", "text": "Pavel Ipatov Pavel Leonidovich Ipatov , Born 12 April 1950 , he was the governor of Saratov Oblast until March , 23,2012 . He is the first governor appointed by President Vladimir Putin , who replaced a directly elected governor . Ipatov belongs to United Russia . He was previously director of a nuclear-power plant . Ipatov was born in the village of Asbestovskoye in Sverdlovsk Oblast and studied at the Urals Political College in Sverdlovsk . In 1975 he graduated from the Ural State Technical University with a degree in electrical engineering and joined the power generation industry . During the 1980s he was manager at the South Ukraine Nuclear Power Plant and became chief engineer at the Balakovo Nuclear Power Plant in 1985 and managing director of this plant in 1989 . He became deputy managing director of Energoatom in 2002 . He was a deputy on Balakovo city council from 1996 to 2004 , before being appointed governor of Saratov Oblast in 2005 . On March , 23,2012 , he resigned from the post according to the Decree of the President of the Russian Federationto be replaced by Valery Radaev . The wording in the Decree was `` resignation by his own will '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "25a771e941a830eaf08352d0b0ecf455", "text": "Alexei Navalny mayoral campaign, 2013 In 2010 , after the long-standing mayor of Moscow Yuri Luzhkov 's resignation , then-President of Russia Dmitry Medvedev appointed Sergey Sobyanin for a five-year term . After the protests sparked in December 2011 , Medvedev responded to that by a series of measures supposed to make political power more dependent on voters and increase accessibility for parties and candidates to elections ; in particular , he called for re-establishing elections of heads of federal subjects of Russia , which took effect on June 1 , 2012 . On February 14 , 2013 , Sobyanin declared the next elections would be held in 2015 , and a snap election would be unwanted by Muscovites , and on March 1 , he proclaimed he wanted to run for a second term as a mayor of Moscow in 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "855ee7fb64220c683be9655b9e4bee3b", "text": "Patriarch Kirill of Moscow Kirill or Cyril ( Кирилл , secular name Vladimir Mikhailovich Gundyayev , Владимир Михайлович Гундяев born 20 November 1946 ) is a Russian Orthodox bishop . He became Patriarch of Moscow and all Rus ' and Primate of the Russian Orthodox Church on 1 February 2009 . The Orthodox Christians most often regard the Patriarch of Moscow as the `` highest authority in the Orthodox Church '' , esepcially among the Russians , Bosnians and even Armenians , despite the latter are Oriental and not Eastern Orthodox . Prior to becoming Patriarch , Kirill was Archbishop ( later Metropolitan ) of Smolensk and Kaliningrad beginning on 26 December 1984 , and also Chairman of the Russian Orthodox Church 's Department for External Church Relations and a permanent member of the Holy Synod beginning in 1989 . In cultural and social affairs the Church under Kirill has collaborated closely with the Russian state under President Vladimir Putin . Patriarch Kirill has backed the expansion of Russian power into Crimea and eastern Ukraine .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ed9ca99832e4379a61c4ad25c5e9520e", "text": "Silovik Silovik ( -LSB- силови́к , p = sʲɪlɐˈvʲik -RSB- plural : siloviki , -LSB- силовики́ , p = sʲɪləvʲɪˈkʲi -RSB- ) is a Russian word for politicians from the security or military services , often the officers of the former KGB , GRU , FSB , SVR , the Federal Drug Control or other security services who came into power . It can also refer to security-service personnel from any country or nationality where the more general term securocrat is used .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aa899b8ef82ef5d09f9c912fefd05259", "text": "Vladimir Litvinenko Vladimir Stefanovich Litvinenko ( Влади́мир Стефа́нович Литвине́нко , born 14 August 1955 ) is a Russian academic , businessman and Vladimir Putin 's campaign manager . He is also rector of the National Mineral Resources University in St. Petersburg .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "880a1fca2c3b4adcc6a9526dc4fb03c6", "text": "Economic history of the Russian Federation After the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 and collapse of Russia 's controlled economy , a new Russian Federation was created under Boris Yeltsin in 1991 . The Russian Federation had multiple economic reforms , including privatization and market and trade liberalization , due to collapse of communism . Though the economy is much more stable compared to the early 1990s , inflation still remains an issue for Russia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab3dd0f18d0168acf0c36b0e17bbd7de", "text": "Andrei Fursenko Andrei Aleksandrovich Fursenko ( Андрей Александрович Фурсенко born 17 July 1949 in Leningrad ) is a Russian politician , scientist and businessman . He was the Minister of Education and Science of the Russian Federation from 2004 to 2012 . He is considered to be a member of the Saint Petersburg political groups under Vladimir Putin 's presidency .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "385fffaec4428d5097a9bb2e40a4f73c", "text": "Governor (Russia) The highest official of the subject of the Russian Federation or the holder of the highest office of subject of the Russian Federation or the head of the highest executive body of state power of the subject of the Russian Federation , colloquially and collectively referred to as the title governor ( губернатор - gubernator ) or head of region ( глава региона - glava regiona ) , is the head and the chief executive of each the federal subjects of Russia , not directly subordinate to the federal authorities , but the political and ceremonial head of the federal subject , all of which are equal constituent entities of Russia . The office is defined by the Constitution of Russia and Chapters 1 , 3 and 4 of Russia 's Federal Law No. 184-FZ `` On the General Principles of the Organization Of the Legislative ( Representative ) and Executive Organs Of State Power of the Subjects of the Russian Federation '' which came into force in 1999 . According to the current revision of the Russian Constitution , the Russian Federation consists of 85 federal subjects therefore there are 85 offices of head of region in Russia ( see List of current heads of federal subjects of Russia ) . The certain title of office is defined by the federal subject 's Constitution or Charter . The names include : governor , president ( президент - president ) , head of administration ( глава администрации - glava administratsii ) , head of republic ( глава республики - glava respubliki ) , mayor ( мэр - mer ) , non-officially and collectively referred to as governors for short . The official title governor is most used in Russia and traditionally it is used in Oblasts of Russia . Presidents of Russia 's republics , mayor of Moscow and mayor of St. Petersburg are also governors in this sense . A head of the subject in Russia is said to serve a administration or executive office , colloquially referred to as gubernatorial administration .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6e50f363da46b27bb473972a94185b4d", "text": "Government of Russia The Government of the Russia ( exercises executive power in the Russian Federation . The members of the government are the Prime Minister , the deputy prime ministers , and the federal ministers . It has its legal basis in the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the federal constitutional law `` On the Government the Russian Federation '' . According to the 1991 amendment to the 1978 Russian Constitution , the President of Russia was the head of the executive branch and headed the Council of Ministers of Russia . According to the current 1993 Constitution of Russia , the President is not a part of the Government of Russia , which exercises executive power . But , the President does appoint the Prime Minister . The Chapter 6 of the Constitution of Russia says , that `` The Government of the Russian Federation consists of the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation ( Prime Minister ) , Deputy Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation and federal ministries '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "34cd87a99f12324f34c835e5a4b4eb55", "text": "Vice President of the Russian Federation The Vice President of the Russian Federation ( before 25 December 1991 - Vice President of the Russian SFSR ) was the first in the presidential line of succession , becoming the new President of Russia upon the death , resignation , or removal of the president . Additionally , the vice president would assume the presidential duties in case the president becomes incapable of carrying out the presidential duties .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "73b5bfb2f0f4303e70296217212d8aa9", "text": "Decommunization in Russia Decommunization in Russia is the process of dealing with the communist legacies in terms of institutions and personnel that tends towards breaking with the Soviet past . Compared with the efforts of the other former constituents of the Soviet bloc and the Soviet Union , it has been restricted to half-measures , if conducted at all . Notable anti-communist measures in the Russian Federation are the banning of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union ( and creating the Communist Party of the Russian Federation ) as well as the names of many Russian cities reverting to what they were before the 1917 October Revolution ( Leningrad to Saint Petersburg , Sverdlovsk to Yekaterinburg and Gorky to Nizhny Novgorod ) . However , Nostalgia for the Soviet Union is gradually on the rise in Russia . Communist symbols continue to form an important part of the rhetoric used in state-controlled media as banning them is seen by the foreign ministry as `` sacrilege '' and `` a perverse idea of good and evil '' . The decommunization process in neighbouring Ukraine was also met with criticism by Russia , and Soviet war crimes continue to be regularly dismissed as `` Western myth '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6fcae5fc8a81a527f61752a913ed9747", "text": "Young Russia (youth movement) Young Russia is a Russian youth movement founded in April 2005 . The movement is known for its protest rallies in front of foreign embassies and for various political rallies in the streets . The organization was founded in April 2005 by a group of students and post-graduate students of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University . The manifesto of the movement stipulates that their main activity will be directed against `` Western expansion , terrorism and corruption '' . In March 2009 leader of the movement Maksim Mishenko declared that the movement would rather focus in other directions : among others - the fight against the religious sect of scientologists and against illegal sales of alcohol to minors . According to Mishenko , after presidential elections the main enemy diminished its influence , and the United States of America will no longer try to use `` Orange revolution technologies '' to interfere in the internal affairs of our country . We need to prepare for a peaceful life and refocus our resources .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5f31dfab1247165e7dbc95a7af37ad80", "text": "List of leaders of Russia Leaders of Russia are political heads of state .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4cb693fcb1ce0c0415e6b4083a282756", "text": "Political status of Crimea The status of Crimea is the subject of a political and territorial dispute between Ukraine and Russia . While Russia occupied the territory in 2014 and claimed it had ` fully integrated ' it by July 2015 , and continues to administer it as two federal subjects of Russia , while Ukraine and the majority of international governments ( with a few exceptions ) continue to regard Crimea as an integral part of Ukraine . The dispute came into being after the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol against Ukrainian laws merged as a single united state under the name of Republic of Crimea and then , following a snap disputed referendum on joining Russia ( that official results showed backed the proposal ) , unilaterally declared their independence from Ukraine while the region was under military occupation by Russia itself . This state was then annexed by Russia , where it became a self-proclaimed federal district , whereas the Autonomous Republic became the `` Republic of Crimea '' as a Russian republic and Sevastopol became a Russian federal city . However , Ukraine and the majority of the international community do not consider the merge , the independence , the referendum , nor the annexation legitimate and still consider both entities as divisions of Ukraine . Despite international opinion however , the currency , tax and legal system are all operational under Russian jurisdiction . Ukraine has there applied for multiple litigations through international crime , water resources , the European Union and other courts . In 1920 , immediately after the RSFSR recognized the independence of the Ukrainian SSR ( The `` Workers ' and Peasants Union Treaty between the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic ( RSFSR ) and the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic '' signed 28 December 1920 ) , the responsibility for all Crimean administration was reassigned directly to the Kremlin . In 1994 Russia signed the Budapest Memorandum on Security Assurances , which states that it would `` Respect Belarusian , Kazakh and Ukrainian independence and sovereignty and the existing borders '' . A detailed status of Crimea at that time was not described nor mentioned in the Budapest Memorandum , nor was a map of the existing borders of Ukraine included in the Memorandum .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2a523a7f359b31386c71a0e384f5de7d", "text": "Russian mafia Russian organized crime or Russian mafia , sometimes referred to as Bratva ( : `` brotherhood '' ) , is a collective of various organized crime elements originating in the former Soviet Union . Organized crime in Russia began in the imperial period of the Tsars , but it was not until the Soviet era that vory v zakone ( `` thieves-in-law '' ) emerged as leaders of prison groups in gulags ( Soviet prison labor camps ) , and their honor code became more defined . After World War II , the death of Joseph Stalin , and the fall of the Soviet Union , more gangs emerged in a flourishing black market , exploiting the unstable governments of the former Republics , and at its highest point , even controlling as much as two-thirds of the Russian economy . Louis Freeh , former director of the FBI , said that the Russian mafia posed the greatest threat to U.S. national security in the mid-1990s . In modern times , there are as many as 6,000 different groups , with more than 200 of them having a global reach . Criminals of these various groups are either former prison members , corrupt officials and business leaders , people with ethnic ties , or people from the same region with shared criminal experiences and leaders . However , the existence of such groups has been debated . In December 2009 , Timur Lakhonin , the head of the Russian National Central Bureau of Interpol , stated `` Certainly , there is crime involving our former compatriots abroad , but there is no data suggesting that an organized structure of criminal groups comprising former Russians exists abroad '' , while in August 2010 , Alain Bauer , a French criminologist , said that it `` is one of the best structured criminal organizations in Europe , with a quasi-military operation . ''", "title": "" } ]	fever
b4c6d976f20a6986b1e6c3de4e12b212	Iron Fist's development began in the 21st century.	[ { "docid": "cf27dedd579684416316410591cadef9", "text": "Iron Fist (TV series) Marvel 's Iron Fist , or simply Iron Fist , is an American web television series created for Netflix by Scott Buck , based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) , sharing continuity with the films of the franchise and is the fourth in a series of shows that will lead up to The Defenders crossover miniseries . The series is produced by Marvel Television in association with ABC Studios and Devilina Productions , with Buck serving as showrunner . Finn Jones stars as Danny Rand / Iron Fist , a martial arts expert with the ability to call upon the power of the Iron Fist . Jessica Henwick , Tom Pelphrey , Jessica Stroup , Ramón Rodríguez , Sacha Dhawan , Rosario Dawson and David Wenham also star . After a film based on the character spent over a decade in development at Marvel Studios , development for the series began in late 2013 at Marvel Television , with Buck hired as the series showrunner in December 2015 and Jones cast as Rand in February 2016 . Filming began in New York City in April 2016 and concluded in October 2016 . Iron Fist had its premiere on March 15 , 2017 , in New York City , with the full season of 13 episodes releasing on Netflix on March 17 , 2017 . The series received mixed reviews from critics , with criticism aimed towards its pace and storytelling , underwhelming fight sequences , and Jones ' portrayal of Rand , while Henwick 's performance as Colleen Wing and the appearances of established characters Claire Temple and Jeri Hogarth received praise . Third-party data analytics determined the series had strong initial viewership , but this was shortly cut in half .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "d680beab44ca8c88b047bc7104d55a60", "text": "Grand Theft Auto III Grand Theft Auto III is an open world action-adventure third-person shooter video game developed by DMA Design and published by Rockstar Games . It was released on 22 October 2001 for the PlayStation 2 , on 20 May 2002 for Microsoft Windows , and on 31 October 2003 for the Xbox . A remastered version of the game was released on mobile platforms in 2011 , for the game 's tenth anniversary . It is the fifth title in the Grand Theft Auto series , and the first main entry since 1999 's Grand Theft Auto 2 . Set within the fictional Liberty City , based on New York City , the game follows Claude after he is left for dead and quickly becomes entangled in a world of gangs , crime and corruption . The game is played from a third-person perspective and its world is navigated on foot or by vehicle . The open world design lets players freely roam Liberty City , consisting of three main islands . Development was shared between DMA Design , based in Edinburgh and Rockstar , in New York City . Much of the development work constituted transforming popular series elements into a 3D world . The game was delayed following the September 11 attacks , to allow the team to change references and gameplay deemed inappropriate . Upon release , the game received critical acclaim , with praise particularly directed at its concept and gameplay . However , the game also generated controversy , with criticism directed at the depiction of violence and sexual content . Grand Theft Auto III became the best-selling video game of 2001 , and has sold over 17 million copies . Considered one of the most significant titles of the sixth generation of video games , and by many critics as one of the greatest video games of all time , it won year-end accolades , including Game of the Year awards from several gaming publications . Since its release , it has received numerous ports to many gaming platforms . Its successor , Grand Theft Auto : Vice City , was released in October 2002 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e4639253763b9d7b562889f67e0fcf84", "text": "Miss Fear (comics) Miss Fear ( or simply , Fear ) was a recurring character in Blackhawk comics ( published by Quality Comics , later bought by DC Comics ) between 1946 and 1948 . Her first appearance in Modern Comics # 49 ( May , 1946 ) told her origin as daughter of the slain leader of an obscure nation in central Asia . When Blackhawk and his men arrived to investigate the murder , they found Fear always a half-step ahead on her vendetta , ruthlessly avenging her father with a Tommy gun . Further Golden Age appearances by Miss Fear included Blackhawk Comics issues 13 , 14 , 17 , 19 , 20 , and 22 ( December , 1948 ) . In these stories she developed a distinctly romantic yet seemingly unrequited interest in Blackhawk , meanwhile involving and assisting the team in various cases and missions , usually in central Asia . Fear displayed an impressive array of skills including flying , horsemanship , martial arts , and wielding a bullwhip , as well as crack marksmanship . The conclusion of the final story , however , seemed to imply that she was resigned to disappointment in carrying a torch for Blackhawk . In 1998 , Miss Fear returned in a somewhat different form in the four-issue miniseries Guns of the Dragon , by Timothy Truman , starring Enemy Ace and Bat Lash . Set in China , 1927 , this story depicted her as a young , half-Chinese / half-Caucasian spy in service of the communists . The plot also involved a recurring Blackhawk villain , the Thunderer , as well as a brief appearance by Chop-Chop , although his age at that point seems impossible to reconcile with his later career as Blackhawk 's sidekick . The outcome of the adventure led Fear to reconsider her loyalty to the communists and suggested her future as a freelance freedom-fighter . However , her only subsequent appearance thus far has been in the form of a limited edition 1/6 scale G.I. Joe action figure , produced by Dreams & Visions in 2003 , licensed by Hasbro and DC Comics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bef82b2a3b80fdb63f9454606fd15bb1", "text": "Monday Night Wars The Monday Night War ( s ) is the common term describing the period of mainstream televised American professional wrestling from September 4 , 1995 , to March 26 , 2001 . During this time , the World Wrestling Federation 's ( WWF , now WWE ) Monday Night Raw went head-to-head with World Championship Wrestling 's ( WCW ) Monday Nitro in a battle for Nielsen ratings each week . The ratings war was part of a larger overall struggle between the two companies , originating in personal animosity between WWF owner Vince McMahon and then-owner of WCW , Ted Turner . The rivalry between the companies steadily escalated throughout the 1990s to include the use of cutthroat tactics and the defections of employees between the two companies . Extreme Championship Wrestling ( ECW ) , while not a party to the ratings battle , was also involved as a tertiary player . Throughout the wars , the WWF and WCW would both adopt different concepts and narrative techniques innovated by ECW ; meanwhile , both companies would establish both formal and informal partnerships with the company , with ECW performers either appearing on WWF and WCW shows while still under contract , or outright leaving ECW to work for one of the other two federations . While WCW was the dominant federation for much of the mid-1990s , a variety of factors coalesced to turn the tide in the WWF 's favor at the end of the decade , including a radical rebranding of their formerly family friendly product to highly sexualized and violent shows geared towards older teens and adults . WCW ultimately ran into financial difficulties as a result of the amount of money they had promised wrestlers during a hiring binge in the early and middle part of the decade , which had been aimed at acquiring large portions of the WWF 's talent roster . Despite efforts to salvage the federation , it was ultimately sold to Vince McMahon , ending the Monday Night Wars . In retrospect , wrestling commentators have come to see the era of the Monday Night Wars as a golden age of wrestling , with the feud between the two companies bringing out their best quality product both in terms of creativity and the performances of their wrestlers . Many have come to regard the end of the wars -- and , in particular , the subsequent WWE storyline regarding the acquisition of WCW -- as marking a severe decline in the quality of modern wrestling programming . Notably , as of 2017 , no other company has ever emerged as a viable competitor to WWE since the acquisition of WCW , and WWE itself has never again enjoyed the same level of mainstream success that it did during the Wars .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6c67576118df9bb1370e0ea97b125da7", "text": "Ring of Honor Ring of Honor ( ROH ) is an American professional wrestling promotion , founded in 2002 by RF Video owner Rob Feinstein . From 2004 to 2011 , the promotion was under the ownership of Cary Silkin before being sold to the Sinclair Broadcast Group ( SBG ) , an American telecommunications company that operates the largest number of local television stations in the United States . ROH holds TV tapings , pay-per-view events , live events , and Internet pay-per-view events throughout the United States and Canada . It has also held shows in the United Kingdom and Japan . Annual shows include the Anniversary Show , Supercard of Honor ( held annually during WrestleMania weekend ) , Best in the World , Global Wars , Death Before Dishonor , Glory By Honor , and Final Battle ( the last show of the calendar year and ROH 's marquee event ) . ROH records all of its shows and sells them on DVD through mail order via its online store , and the DVDs have developed a fanbase for the promotion in the United States and beyond . In 2009 , ROH signed a television deal with HDNet , which aired shows every week until 2011 . As of September 2011 , ROH 's flagship broadcast Ring of Honor Wrestling has been syndicated by parent company Sinclair Broadcasting , and airs on Sinclair owned stations across the country . ROH is also broadcast on Samurai TV in Japan , and is the third-largest professional wrestling promotion in the United States , behind WWE and after Impact Wrestling . On June 22 , 2014 , ROH had its first live pay-per-view broadcast , Best in the World , from Nashville , Tennessee . It was followed-up on December 7 with their biggest show of the year Final Battle , from Terminal 5 in New York City . Their next pay-per-view aired March 1 , 2015 , which was their 13th Anniversary Show , from Las Vegas , Nevada .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "50dc70bdc3c19b7f66c8e4ccf94ccdfa", "text": "Hammerhead (comics) Hammerhead is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . He is primarily an enemy of Spider-Man and a member of organized crime who exists in Marvel 's main shared universe , known as the Marvel Universe . He is closely associated with the Hammerhead `` Family '' , a Maggia crime family . Hammerhead distinguishes himself from other villains in that he dresses up and acts somewhat like a gangster from the 1920s . Due to an injury he suffered , much of his skull was replaced with an unbendable steel alloy by Jonas Harrow , giving his head a flattened shape .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8afc8f6ede5eb19cd60d9f8095ab2269", "text": "Heroman is a manga/anime series created by Marvel 's Stan Lee ( story ) , Tamon Ohta ( characters ) , and Bones ( animation ) . The manga is published in Square Enix 's magazine Monthly Shōnen Gangan and began serialization in September 2009 , while the anime series premiered on April 1 , 2010 , on TV Tokyo and related stations . Stan Lee came up with the series ' basic plot , referring to the series and character as `` a new hero for the 21st century '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6c6fdda7ad5031160cd87e2695f485a5", "text": "Ultimate Comics: The Ultimates Ultimate Comics : The Ultimates is an ongoing monthly comic book series published by Marvel Comics that made its debut in September 2011 as part of the second re-launch of Ultimate Marvel . Through the `` Ultimate Universe Reborn '' tagline following the `` Death of Spider-Man '' and written by Jonathan Hickman with art by Esad Ribic , the series also serves as a continuation of elements from Ultimate Comics : Fallout , and exists alongside other relaunched Ultimate Marvel titles including Ultimate Comics : Spider-Man and Ultimate Comics : X-Men . The series continues the adventures of the Ultimates , including Nick Fury , Thor and Iron Man .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c55be52a697b56b5d3455e41df5922b1", "text": "21st Century Boogie 21st Century Boogie is the debut album by Paddy Milner , released on June 24 , 2002 . Paddy Milner 's music shows many influences ranging from pop-rock through to jazz , classical and British folk . 21st Century Boogie shows his attention to blues and boogie-woogie . It was released to a flood of outstanding reviews , solidly sealing his reputation as one of the most original musicians . During the year of release on Paul Jones 's Radio 2 show , the album was placed in the year 's top ten records , whilst Milner himself was shortlisted for the British Blues Keyboard Player of 2002 . Jools Holland has become an ardent fan , telling Milner `` You make the piano sing '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "10ff0ce4ba2b5af8f8e162158594fa56", "text": "Fatal Fury: Wild Ambition is a 3D fighting video game produced by SNK and is part of the Fatal Fury series of fighting games . The game was released by Japanese arcades on January 28 , 1999 , although the title screen shows the year 1998 . It was one of the last games released for the Hyper Neo Geo 64 system board . It was ported to the Sony PlayStation on June 24 , 1999 in Japan and November 30 , 1999 in North America . The game was re-released as a downloadable game for PlayStation 3 and PlayStation Portable via the PlayStation Network in Japan on April 25 , 2007 . The game re-tells the story of the original Fatal Fury video game . It introduces Toji Sakata and Tsugumi Sendo to the series , and places Mai Shiranui , Kim Kaphwan , and Li Xiangfei as participants of the original King of Fighters tournament . Ryuji Yamazaki also appears as a mid-boss character and Ryo Sakazaki makes an appearance as Mr. Karate , tying the events of Art of Fighting 2 to this game .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e05956e8ed91bed9a8dd89213d43da62", "text": "Thor (Marvel Comics) Thor Odinson is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . The character , based on the Norse mythological deity of the same name , is the Asgardian god of thunder and possesses the enchanted hammer Mjolnir , which grants him the ability of flight and weather manipulation amongst his other superhuman attributes . Debuting in the Silver Age of Comic Books , the character first appeared in Journey into Mystery # 83 ( Aug. 1962 ) and was created by editor-plotter Stan Lee , scripter Larry Lieber , and penciller-plotter Jack Kirby . He has starred in several ongoing series and limited series , and is a founding member of the superhero team the Avengers , appearing in each volume of that series . The character has also appeared in associated Marvel merchandise including animated television series , clothing , toys , trading cards , video games , and movies . The character was first portrayed in live action by Eric Allan Kramer in the 1988 television movie The Incredible Hulk Returns . Chris Hemsworth portrays Thor in the Marvel Cinematic Universe films Thor , The Avengers , Thor : The Dark World and Avengers : Age of Ultron and will reprise his role in Thor : Ragnarok , Avengers : Infinity War , and its untitled sequel . Thor placed 14th on IGN 's list of `` Top 100 Comic Book Heroes of All Time '' in 2011 , and first in their list of `` The Top 50 Avengers '' in 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ca6c7a0f3b1315625bdb8a7d921123ae", "text": "Lee Chaolan Lee Chaolan ( Chinese : 李超狼 ; pinyin : Lǐ Chāoláng ; Japanese : リー・チャオラン ; Hepburn : Rī Chaoran ) is a player character from the Tekken fighting game franchise by Bandai Namco Entertainment . He is an orphan adopted by Heihachi Mishima , head of the Mishima Zaibatsu corporation , and later becoming embroiled in a one-sided rivalry with his adoptive brother , Kazuya Mishima . The defeat of Kazuya is Lee 's primary objective in entering the King of Iron Fist fighting tournaments . Since making his debut in the original Tekken , Lee has been a mainstay in the series , appearing in every subsequent game save for Tekken 3 , and has at times appeared as an alter ego named Violet , who is additionally playable in several series installments . Outside of the games , Lee has appeared in two animated Tekken films , and he has received critical reception for his flamboyant personality and particularly his Tekken 5 ending .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f1dbaa235194627ebe027f8a43d8b229", "text": "Mortal Kombat (2011 video game) Mortal Kombat is a fighting video game developed by NetherRealm Studios and published by Warner Bros. . Interactive Entertainment . The game is the ninth main installment in the Mortal Kombat series and is a reboot of the franchise . The game was released for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 systems in April 2011 , and a PlayStation Vita port was released in May 2012 . An expanded version of the game , titled Mortal Kombat : Komplete Edition , was released for Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 in February 2012 and for Microsoft Windows in July 2013 . Although beginning during the events of Mortal Kombat : Armageddon , the plot is a retcon to the earliest period in the Mortal Kombat series , the events of Mortal Kombat , Mortal Kombat II and Mortal Kombat 3 ( as well as the latter title 's two updates ) . The storyline involves the divine protector of Earth , Raiden , attempting to change the aftermath of the events of Armageddon by contacting his past self as he faces defeat at the hands of the evil emperor of Outworld , Shao Kahn . While having characters and levels rendered in three-dimensions , the gameplay distances itself from the fully 3D graphics one seen in the last four games , bearing closer resemblance to that of the 2D era of the series , using a camera that is perpendicular to the two-dimensional playing field . Upon release , Mortal Kombat received very positive reviews and won several awards for fighting game of the year . It was also a commercial success , selling more than two million copies in the first month alone . Due to its extremely violent content , the game was banned in Australia due to the lack of appropriate ratings category , and South Korea , and it has been reportedly indexed in Germany ; the Australian ban was later lifted due to the introduction of an R18 classification and the game was released with many other R rated games in May 2014 . Mortal Kombat was followed by the sequel Mortal Kombat X in 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3993cc87baf92140281e19d5c6af99fa", "text": "Shadowland (comics) `` Shadowland '' is a 2010 Marvel Comics storyline centering on Daredevil and other `` street-level '' superheroes in the Marvel Universe . The storyline started in the Daredevil comic and was expanded upon in the Shadowland five-issue mini series as well as four tie-in mini series , four one-shots , and two issues of Thunderbolts . The storyline was collected into seven individual hard cover and soft cover Trade paperbacks in 2011 . The story chronicles Daredevils ' return to Hell 's Kitchen after he becomes the leader of the Hand Ninja clan . He builds a temple/prison in Hell 's Kitchen , the eponymous Shadowland . His methods get more extreme as he kills long-time adversary Bullseye . The change in attitude brings him and his ally White Tiger in conflict with a number of street level super-heroes such as Spider-Man , Luke Cage , Iron Fist , Moon Knight and more . The storyline also introduces a new Power Man to the Marvel Universe . The heroes later realize that Daredevil has become possessed by the Beast of the Hand , which explains why Daredevil 's actions have become more and more extreme and erratic . The heroes are helped out by the Kingpin and Lady Bullseye as they try to preserve the Kingpin 's criminal empire . In the final moments of the story Iron Fist uses his mystical chi to heal Daredevil , releasing the demon inside him . In an act of sacrifice Daredevil kills himself before the Beast can take control of him again , breaking the spell the Beast had on Hell 's Kitchen . Afterwards his corpse disappears , apparently to be revived by Elektra at the conclusion of the event .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d234d4a641c49429238cb1950043a61a", "text": "Events from the Modern Age of Comic Books One of the key aspects of the Modern Age of Comic Books was that it was the beginning of big events . In 1984 , Marvel Comics debuted the first large crossover , Secret Wars , a storyline featuring the company 's most prolific superheroes , which overlapped into a 12-issue limited series and many monthly comic books . A year later , DC Comics introduced its first large scale crossover , Crisis on Infinite Earths , which had long-term effects on the `` DC Universe '' continuity . In the early and mid-1990s , big events were regularly published by Marvel and DC , often leading to extra publicity and sales . These events helped fend-off competition from Image Comics , and such events were more likely to become `` collector 's items . '' Some events , such as DC 's `` Zero Hour '' and Marvel 's `` Onslaught saga '' spanned a publisher 's entire line while others only affected a `` family '' of interrelated titles . The X-Men and Batman franchises featured crossovers almost annually . Some of the most significant mid-1990s events , such as Spider-Man 's `` Clone Saga , '' Batman 's `` Batman : Knightfall '' and particularly , `` The Death of Superman '' caused dramatic changes to long-running characters and received coverage in the mainstream media . These events led to significant sales boosts and publicity , but many fans began to criticize them as excessive and lacking compelling storytelling . They also complained that monthly series had become inaccessible because one had to follow a number of comics to understand the full storyline . By the end of the 1990s , the number of large crossovers decreased , but they were still launched sporadically .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c0613cebcd7fd8f22e33f938530f6082", "text": "Liberators (comics) The Liberators are a group of fictional supervillains appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . These characters appear in comics set in the Ultimate Marvel universe . Created by Mark Millar and Bryan Hitch , they appear in the miniseries The Ultimates 2 . They are effectively the Ultimate universe 's equivalents of the Masters of Evil . The Liberators are a superhuman task force who appear at the climax of the plot arc . They spearhead an invasion of the United States and are from a coalition of nations opposed to the United States ' foreign policy . This international collective is made up of China , Syria , North Korea , Iran , and rogue elements of the French and Russian governments . The Liberators and their overseers are an opposing counterpart to the Ultimates and S.H.I.E.L.D. , respectively . `` We told you to stop making super people , America . We told you not to interfere with cultures you can never understand . This is what happens when your ambitions outstrip your capabilities . The empire takes a fall . Congratulations , ladies and gentlemen ... The Great Satan has just been liberated . '' - The Colonel", "title": "" }, { "docid": "648938709db7d5726426ba3800227cdf", "text": "List of Eyeshield 21 episodes The anime series Eyeshield 21 is based on the manga series of the same name written by Riichiro Inagaki and illustrated by Yusuke Murata . The series is directed by Masayoshi Nishida and produced by TV Tokyo , NAS and Gallop . The plot of the episodes follows Sena Kobayakawa , a student who becomes an American football player against his desire but eventually becomes the star of the team , wearing an eyeshield to protect his identity . Before the anime series was aired , Production I.G announced on August 2003 the production of an original video animation ( OVA ) that was released on Jump Festa Anime Tour 2003 . The production of anime Eyeshield 21 was announced by Weekly Shōnen Jump at the end of 2004 . Eyeshield 21 aired between April 6 , 2005 and March 19 , 2008 on TV Tokyo . The episodes were later released in thirty-six DVD compilations between July 22 , 2005 and June 25 , 2008 by Bandai Visual . Viz Media and Cartoon Network released a dubbed version of Eyeshield 21 on the internet video streaming service Toonami Jetstream ; the video was available on December 17 , 2007 . However , it was not completed due to Toonami Jetstream 's defunct . The video streaming service Crunchyroll streamed Eyeshield 21 subtitled on its site beginning on January 2 , 2009 ; the last episode was available on November 1 , 2009 for premium users , and on March 7 , 2010 for free users . Section23 Films through Sentai Filmworks released the first fifty-two episodes on four subtitled-only DVDs between May 18 , 2010 and February 8 , 2011 . The series use twelve pieces of theme music : five opening and seven ending themes . The opening themes are `` Breakthrough '' by Coming Century , `` Innocence '' by 20th Century , `` Dang Dang '' by ZZ , `` Blaze Line '' by Back-On , and by Short Leg Summer . The ending themes are `` Be Free '' by Ricken 's , `` Blaze Away '' by The Trax , `` Goal '' by Beni Arashiro , `` Run to Win '' by Aya Hirano , Miyu Irino , Koichi Nagano and Kappei Yamaguchi , `` A day dreaming ... '' by Back-On , `` Flower '' by Back-On , and `` Song of Power '' by Short Leg Summer . Singles have been released of the individual songs , an original soundtrack and other four CDs were also released by Avex .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "12176501e00c5b01d6d384aeaf4f6d53", "text": "Hulk 2099 Hulk 2099 ( John Eisenhart ) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . The character was created by Gerard Jones and Dwayne Turner and first appeared in 2099 Unlimited # 1 . As with many other Marvel 2099 characters , Hulk 2099 was a futuristic re-imagining of the original Hulk .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "903e730edbaa22d325e11758c35b29af", "text": "List of Fist of the North Star chapters The manga Hokuto no Ken ( known as Fist of the North Star in its English editions ) by Buronson and Tetsuo Hara was originally published by Shueisha in the magazine Weekly Shonen Jump from 1983 to 1988 , and the series was subsequently reprinted in 27 collected editions ( tankōbon ) under the Jump Comics imprint . During the 1990s , Shueisha reprinted Hokuto no Ken in 15 hardcover aizōban editions , as well as 15 corresponding economy-sized bunko editions . After Tetsuo Hara left Shueisha , other companies started reprinting the manga under license from Hara 's new employer Coamix . A 31-volume tankōbon was published by Shinchosha under the Bunch World imprint from 2001 to 2002 , followed by a 12-volume conbini comic edition published by Tokuma Shoten under the Tokuma Favorite Comics imprint in 2004 . A 14-volume Kanzenban edition was published by Shogakukan in 2006 under the Big Comics Selection imprint , featuring the original water-colored artwork and opening pages from the Weekly Shōnen Jump serialization . It has also been released in 27-volume e-book edition . In 2013 , the kyūkyokuban or `` Extreme Edition '' began publication by Tokuma Shoten under the `` Zenon Comics DX '' imprint . This 18-volume edition , in addition to featuring all the pages from both , the tankōbon and kanzenban edition , has new cover artwork by Tetsuo Hara himself for each volume , as well as a new 30th anniversary-themed chapter titled Hokuto no Ken : Last Piece , which is included in Volume 11 . Viz Communications published the first sixteen chapters of Fist of the North Star in English as an eight-issue monthly comic in 1989 , which were later reprinted in a single graphic novel collection in 1995 . During that same year , Viz resumed publication of the series as a monthly comic until 1997 , lasting eighteen issues ( spanning chapters 17-44 ) , which were subsequently reprinted in three additional graphic novels . The license was later acquired by Gutsoon ! Entertainment , which published a new translation of the series in the form of a `` Master Edition '' featuring newly colorized artwork and retained the original right-to-left orientation of the art , as well as new cover artwork by Tetsuo Hara from the fourth volume and onward . Fist of the North Star : Master Edition was published from 2002 to 2003 , lasting only nine volumes , due to Gutsoon ! 's withdrawal from the North American market .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "76e21d3c01504faa5099b793d668a386", "text": "Secret War (comics) Secret War is a 2004 -- 2005 five-issue comic book limited series published by Marvel Comics . The series is written by Brian Michael Bendis and painted by Gabriele Dell ` Otto . It is loosely based on classified operations told to Bendis by an anonymous high-ranking officer in the United States Intelligence Community during Bendis ' childhood . The storyline involves a large-scale super-hero crossover featuring Marvel characters such as Spider-Man , Captain America , Wolverine , Daredevil , Luke Cage and Nick Fury fighting a wide array of super-villains who have received hi-tech armaments from a mysterious benefactor . The first issue was published in April 2004 , and though intended originally as a bimonthly publication , it faced long delays . It was completed with issue five 's publication in December 2005 . The aftermath of the series was explored in stories in The Pulse and Bendis has gone on to use many of the same characters in his New Avengers titles . This event begins an eight-year-long series of cross-over events ending with Avengers vs. X-Men . The storyline in Secret War is unrelated to the original Secret Wars and Secret Wars II crossover limited series which Marvel published in the mid-1980s , although its title is clearly inspired by them . Those stories received their own spiritual successor in Beyond ! , published in 2006 . Bendis has noted that Secret War is connected to the `` Secret Invasion '' storyline , in which Skrulls have infiltrated several institutions of Earth .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c9598f666c5f7a1250a375d38be87521", "text": "Final Fantasy XIII is a science fiction role-playing video game developed and published by Square Enix for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 consoles and later for the Microsoft Windows operating system . Released in Japan in December 2009 and worldwide in March 2010 , it is the thirteenth title in the mainline Final Fantasy series . The game includes fast-paced combat , a new system for the series for determining which abilities are developed for the characters called `` Crystarium '' , and a customizable `` Paradigm '' system to control which abilities are used by the characters . Final Fantasy XIII includes elements from the previous games in the series , such as summoned monsters , chocobos , and airships . The game takes place in the fictional floating world of Cocoon , whose government , the Sanctum , is ordering a purge of civilians who have supposedly come into contact with Pulse , the much-feared world below . The former soldier Lightning begins her fight against the government in order to save her sister who has been branded as an unwilling servant to a god-like being from Pulse , making her an enemy of Cocoon . Lightning is soon joined by a band of allies , and together the group also become marked by the same Pulse creature . They rally against the Sanctum while trying to discover their assigned task and whether they can avoid being turned into monsters or crystals at the completion . Development began in 2004 , and the game was first announced at Electronic Entertainment Expo ( E3 ) 2006 . Final Fantasy XIII is the flagship title of the Fabula Nova Crystallis collection of Final Fantasy games and is the first game to use Square Enix 's Crystal Tools engine . Final Fantasy XIII received mostly positive reviews from video game publications , which praised the game 's graphics , presentation , and battle system . The game 's story received a mixed response from reviewers , and its linearity compared to previous games in the series was mostly criticized . Selling 1.7 million copies in Japan in 2009 , Final Fantasy XIII became the fastest-selling title in the history of the series . As of January 2013 , the game has sold over 6.6 million copies worldwide . The Microsoft Windows version has sold over 700,000 copies according to SteamSpy . A sequel , titled Final Fantasy XIII-2 , was released in December 2011 in Japan and in February 2012 in North America and PAL regions . A second sequel , titled Lightning Returns : Final Fantasy XIII , which concludes Lightning 's story and the Final Fantasy XIII saga , was released in November 2013 in Japan and in February 2014 in North America and PAL regions . In September 2014 , Square Enix announced the Final Fantasy XIII series has been widely successful and has shipped over 11 million copies worldwide .", "title": "" } ]	fever
05c3eeab85a6ab6040114d36f7189694	Maybe I'll Catch Fire is the name of an album released by Alkaline Trio.	[ { "docid": "06c0367387a2db6b881b67dceeb96a3b", "text": "Alkaline Trio Alkaline Trio is an American punk rock band from McHenry , Illinois . The band consists of guitarist and vocalist Matt Skiba , bassist and vocalist Dan Andriano , and drummer Derek Grant . Founded in late 1996 by Skiba , bassist Rob Doran , and drummer Glenn Porter , Alkaline Trio released its debut single , `` Sundials '' , in 1997 . Following its release , Doran departed from the band and was replaced by Andriano . The band subsequently recorded an EP , For Your Lungs Only ( 1998 ) , and its debut studio album , Goddamnit ( 1998 ) . Following the release of the band 's second album , Maybe I 'll Catch Fire ( 2000 ) , Porter left the band and was replaced by Mike Felumlee for its subsequent album , From Here to Infirmary ( 2001 ) . Backed by the singles `` Stupid Kid '' and `` Private Eye '' , From Here to Infirmary significantly increased the band 's exposure , and its follow-up , Good Mourning ( 2003 ) , charted highly on the Billboard 200 . Good Mourning marked the recording debut of current drummer Derek Grant . In 2005 , the band released Crimson which expanded upon the band 's punk rock influences , with prominent overdubs and additional instrumentation , and continued with this direction on Agony & Irony ( 2008 ) , which was released on V2 Records . In 2010 , the band released This Addiction on its own label Heart & Skull and Epitaph . Recorded in the band 's home town of Chicago , with early producer Matt Allison , the album was a conscious effort by the band to return to their punk rock roots ; it became the highest charting album of their career , debuting on the Billboard 200 at No. 11 . In 2011 , the band celebrated its 15-year anniversary with the release of Damnesia , which featured new , acoustic-based recordings of songs from across the band 's career . The band 's eighth studio album , My Shame Is True , was released on April 2 , 2013 .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "a30d35d67450170bfb77a949378b8a99", "text": "Set on Fire Set on Fire may refer to : The ability to make fire . See Fire #Human control `` Set on Fire '' ( song ) , 2016 song by American alternative band Magic Giant", "title": "" }, { "docid": "896b3d4a7b78ebe52886674f322417b0", "text": "Fire (Hedningarna album) Fire ( stylized `` fiRe '' ) is the fifth album released by Swedish group Hedningarna , translated to `` The Heathens '' for the international market . It is a compilation album put together to introduce the group outside Sweden , containing tracks from the albums Kaksi ! and Tra .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "62466753636af9eb2ae217774d0a513f", "text": "The Black Flame (album) The Black Flame , released in 2006 , is an album by Swedish heavy metal band Wolf .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8965d351b3f8aa251658d399b3189307", "text": "Song on Fire `` Song on Fire '' is a song by Canadian rock band Nickelback . It is the second single from their ninth studio album , Feed the Machine . It was released on April 28 , 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "10971adfb9431474e44be74207127703", "text": "& (The Moth & The Flame EP) ⅋ , sometimes written Ampersand , is an EP and the debut major label recording by rock group The Moth & The Flame , released digitally on November 5 , 2013 internationally . It was produced by drummer/producer Joey Waronker ( Beck , Atoms for Peace , R.E.M. ) and mixed by Peter Katis ( The National , Interpol ) . All songs were written by The Moth & The Flame . To promote the EP , The Moth & the Flame toured Europe supporting Imagine Dragons during the fall and winter of 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dd8b616c39ff24084ad55375bb6f81a7", "text": "Liquid fire Liquid fire may refer to : In warfare : Greek fire , an ancient and medieval incendiary weapon Hot oil , an early thermal weapon Meng Huo You , Ancient Chinese petroleum weapon Flamethrower , modern incendiary weapon that projects flaming liquids Napalm , flammable liquids used in modern warfare In music : Liquid Fire , eight-piece rock band from Saint Joseph , Missouri A single from L'Enfant Sauvage ( album ) , the fifth album by the French progressive death/groove metal band Gojira In medicine : Tincture of benzoin , used to treat blisters , burns the skin Other Liquid Fire , a brand of drain cleaner containing sulfuric acid and an acid corrosion inhibitor", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c2874c458ac552ab9a820c30195b1e46", "text": "Alchemy (Third Ear Band album) Alchemy is an album released in 1969 by the Third Ear Band .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d9b8f3b14c8484b5c1f4eecc8db9c0f1", "text": "Suspicious Activity? Suspicious Activity ? is the fourth studio album by the jazz band The Bad Plus . The band had previously garnered attention for covering well-known rock songs in an `` acoustic power trio '' style , but Suspicious Activity ? includes only one cover version : the theme to the 1981 movie Chariots of Fire . Instead , the album focuses on the band 's original music , including the track `` O.G. ( Original Gentleman ) , '' which is a tribute to the legendary jazz drummer Elvin Jones . This would be The Bad Plus ' final album for Columbia Records , as the band and the label parted ways in 2006 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "239fc5f9c18b33026e8eabb85208442c", "text": "Inside the Fire (album) Inside the Fire is a 1984 album by Rita Coolidge and was released on the A&M Records label . This would prove to be Rita 's last studio album with her longtime label , A&M Records . The album features the top 15 adult contemporary hit `` Something Said Love '' and the Richard Kerr/Will Jennings ballad `` I Ca n't Afford That Feeling Anymore '' . The album has yet to be released on CD .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6421c37f71b77828db330756b789160f", "text": "Burning at Both Ends Burning at Both Ends is the third studio album by American pop punk band Set Your Goals .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a4978a6cbe356fb6d637db26db1b7511", "text": "Cuyahoga (song) `` Cuyahoga '' is a song by R.E.M. from their 1986 album Lifes Rich Pageant . It was written primarily by R.E.M. bassist Mike Mills and drummer Bill Berry . It is one of R.E.M. 's earliest environmentally conscious songs , along with the album 's lead single , `` Fall on Me '' . The themes of Cuyahoga include the pollution of the Cuyahoga River in Ohio and the treatment of American Indians earlier in American history . Despite the grim themes , according to R.E.M. biographer David Buckley , the lyrics are `` words of optimism , partnership and community , set against an age of individualism . '' R.E.M. guitarist Peter Buck said of the song that the song `` is a metaphor for America and its lost promises . This is where the Indians were and now look at it . It 's one of the ugliest fucking rivers in the world . '' The song opens with the lines `` Let 's put our heads together and start a new country up , '' which R.E.M. biographer Tony Fletcher describes as sounding like a `` call to arms . '' On the other hand , music writer Craig Rosen feels that the line adds to the song 's optimism . Another line in the song states that `` we 'll burn the river down . '' This line comes from the fact that as early as the 1910s the river was so polluted that one method of cleaning the river was to throw a torch in it and thus burn the pollutants . The river also actually caught fire in 1969 , an event which helped raise awareness of water pollution . This was another inspiration for the song , and for other songs such as Randy Newman 's `` Burn On . '' Newman biographer Kevin Courrier believes that `` Burn On '' was an influence on `` Cuyahoga . '' Buckley describes the melody as `` beautiful '' and the refrain as `` anthemic . '' Musically , `` Cuyahoga '' is propelled by Mills ' bassline . Musician Ken Stringfellow described `` Cuyahoga '' as being `` an anthem , but it 's not self-congratulatory . It 's about what 's gone wrong with our country . It was an anti-anthem in that way . It took on an issue , but it was still unifying and powerful . That 's a hard thing to do well . '' Slant critic Jonathan Keefe noted that even 25 years after the song 's initial release its `` optimism ... is still inspiring and relevant . '' He goes on to note that the song 's message `` reflects an intelligent and decidedly nonpartisan approach to political reconstruction without resorting to ... didacticism . '' Pitchfork Media critic Stephen M. Deusner states that `` With its rousing chorus and pensive bass line , ` Cuyahoga ' mails postcard dispatches from a museum where rivers and plains are artifacts , consigned to diorama and memory rather than reality . '' According to music author Martin Charles Strong , `` Cuyahoga '' ( and `` Fall on Me '' ) showed the band developing `` an assured poise . '' Fletcher described `` Cuyahoga '' as the `` lyrical peak '' of Lifes Rich Pageant . It is one of Mills ' favorite songs and one he particularly enjoys playing live . `` Cuyahoga '' has appeared on several R.E.M. compilation albums , including The Best of R.E.M. in 1991 and And I Feel Fine ... The Best of the I.R.S. Years 1982 -- 1987 in 2006 . It was also included on the live albums R.E.M. Live , Unplugged : The Complete 1991 and 2001 Sessions and Live at the Olympia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "54ce6525884a76acdc173266b6cb8d41", "text": "Open Fire An open fire is a traditional fixture in many homes consisting of an exposed fire in a grate or on a hearth . Open Fire may also refer to : Open Fire ( Alabama Thunderpussy album ) , 2007 Open Fire ( Y&T album ) , 1985 Open Fire ( Ronnie Montrose album ) , 1978 Openfire , an XMPP server ( formerly known as Wildfire ) `` Open Fire '' , a song by Krokus from Rock the Block Open Fire ( horse ) ( 1961 -- 1980 ) , American Thoroughbred champion racehorse Open Fire ( British film ) , a 1994 British television film Open Fire ( Leehom Wang album ) , 2011 `` Open Fire '' , a single by The Darkness from Last of Our Kind", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a550b887a6893ae9de563f7b3c08a6f6", "text": "Sippin' on Fire `` Sippin ' on Fire '' is a song recorded by American country music duo Florida Georgia Line . It is the third single from their second studio album , Anything Goes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c8ba9a71e60550ea89bf51bf93ebf156", "text": "Let's Be Friends and Slay the Dragon Together Let 's Be Friends ... and Slay the Dragon Together , commonly referred to as Let 's Be Friends , is Suburban Legends ' fourth album , released on July 10 , 2008 . During the run up to its release some members of the band had shared information about the album , notably announcing that the band will be bringing back some of the ska sound it had left in 2006 with its EP , Dance Like Nobody 's Watching . Unlike previous album Infectious which explored many different styles and genres , Let 's Be Friends is much more focused while mixing elements of previous albums . The album , based on the theme of ` Let 's Be Friends ' , features the members representing styles of music on the cover , with Vincent Walker as a rapper , Brian Robertson as a robot , Luis Beza as a mariachi musician , Mike Hachey as a cowboy , Derek Lee Rock as a disco dancer , and Brian Klemm as a 1980s metal musician . In 2009 , Let 's Be Friends was nominated for an Orange County Music Award for Best Album . The album 's final song , `` Natasha '' , is a hidden track , and is about Brian Klemm 's cat Natasha , as stated by Brian himself . The ... and Slay the Dragon Together portion was also of Brian Klemm 's doing , telling fans willing to listen that he had to fight to get it in the album 's title . Additionally , the song `` Fire '' is a recounting of the band 's misfortune when they became the victims of a van fire and robbery while in St. Louis , Missouri . The band often mentions this after performing the song at shows in St. Louis , most recently stated by Brian Robertson at the 23 November 2008 show at The Bluebird . The song `` Villain '' is a direct reference to the Joker of Batman and DC fame , mainly because Brian Klemm is quite the comic book lover .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b90608ba87b728dd1b28da112bb8a2ae", "text": "Fire & Fleet & Candlelight Fire & Fleet & Candlelight is the fourth album by Cree singer and songwriter Buffy Sainte-Marie . More than its predecessor Little Wheel Spin and Spin , it marked a significant departure from the simple folk songs of her first two albums . Following the same path that Joan Baez and Judy Collins were taking at the time , Sainte-Marie relies on the orchestration of Peter Schickele on `` Summer Boy '' , `` The Carousel '' and `` Hey Little Bird '' . In contrast , `` The Circle Game '' and `` 97 Men in This Town Would Give a Half a Grand in Silver Just to Follow Me Down '' feature for the first time a full rock band consisting of Bruce Langhorne on electric guitar , Alexis Rogers on drums and Russ Savakus on bass . `` Song to a Seagull '' , the other Joni Mitchell song , is a much simpler voice-and-guitar rendition . Her version of the traditional hymn `` Lyke Wake Dirge '' predates the version by Pentangle by over two years and the album 's title is taken from one of the lines in that song 's chorus . `` T'Es Pas un Autre '' is a French language reworking of her well-known composition `` Until It 's Time for You to Go '' that she originally recorded on her second album Many a Mile .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "35e9a20abe4f5b70cbf882cf20e894f6", "text": "Modey Lemon Modey Lemon is an American garage rock band from Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania . The group formed in Pittsburgh 's South Oakland neighborhood in 1999 as an informal side project of Dean Swagger , a rock trio that had spent the previous year mainly performing in basements to college party crowds . The original lineup consisted of guitarist Phil Boyd and drummer Paul Quattrone , then nominally students at the University of Pittsburgh . The group made its first appearances at the Halloween weekend in 1999 and played a live set on WPTS 92.1 FM , the University of Pittsburgh college radio station , segments of which later turned up on the group 's demo album , House on the Hill ( and , subsequently , its 2002 self-titled release ) . By 2000 , the duo had gained a reputation around Pittsburgh for its concerts . Modey Lemon , the group 's debut album , appeared in early 2002 , and the band supported the album with tours of the US and Europe . The group followed their self-titled release with a brief stint on In the Red Records , which released a double 7 inch record , before recommending the band to Birdman Records owner Dave Katznelson , who then signed the band . Prior to the mid-2003 release of second album Thunder + Lightning , Boyd and Quattrone added Jason Kirker on guitar and Moog synthesizer . Following the US release of Thunder + Lighting the band signed with Mute Records , which licensed and released the album in the UK and Europe , and via EMI ( Mute 's parent label ) in Japan . The single releases , `` Crows '' ( 2004 , # 75 ) and `` Sleepwalkers '' ( 2005 , # 71 ) , each appeared in the UK Singles Chart for one week . Their third album The Curious City was released in August 2005 on Birdman/Mute . Modey Lemon has performed with The White Stripes , The Von Bondies ( 2002 UK tour ) , Girl Talk , the Blues Explosion , the Yeah Yeah Yeahs , Oneida ( 2005 Europe tour ) , The Warlocks ( 2003 UK Tour ) , Icarus Line ( 2004 UK tour ) , Dinosaur Jr. ( 2005 tour dates in UK/Europe/US ) , Arctic Monkeys ( 2009 US tour ) , and has played festivals such as Glastonbury ( 2005 ) , ArthurFest ( 2005 ) , Meredith Music Festival ( 2003 ) , and Transmusicales ( 2004 ) . In 2006 , the band appeared in a ` punk club ' scene in the film adaptation of Michael Chabon 's novel The Mysteries of Pittsburgh , performing two original songs written for the film as well as two cover songs . The band released their fourth album Season of Sweets on May 12 , 2008 . The band also completed a tour of the US in June and July that year and a tour of the UK and mainland Europe in September . In August 2009 the band supported the Arctic Monkeys in New York City , Boston , and Chicago . In October 2009 , it was announced that their track `` Become a Monk '' from the band 's album Season of Sweets , would be included on the soundtrack of the video game , Tony Hawk : Ride . In 2010 Modey Lemon recorded and released one single `` Wandering Eye b/w Cheetahs for Chariots '' on These Are Not Records and performed once at the University of Pittsburgh 's William Pitt Union in spring 2010 before going on indefinite hiatus . In 2015 , Modey Lemon 's first two albums `` House on the Hill '' and Modey Lemon ( album ) were reissued on vinyl for the first time on A-F Records , Mind Cure Records , and Omentum Records .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0bfe06422aa3ef49da0445fffdad4474", "text": "Magic Giant Magic Giant ( often stylized as MAGIC GIANT ) is an American indie folk band formed in Los Angeles , California in early 2014 . The group consists of Austin Bisnow ( lead vocals , cello , synthesizer , percussion ) , Zambricki Li ( banjo , fiddle , viola , cello , harmonica , mandolin , octave mandolin , acoustic guitar , dobro , lap steel , backing vocals ) and Zang ( acoustic guitar , cello , bass , percussion , backing vocals ) . Magic Giant released their self titled EP Magic Giant in 2015 and their studio album In the Wind in 2017 . The band is best known for its single `` Set On Fire '' that charted in Billboard 's Alternative chart .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "65584e75a87560b0b47303a79a7b6434", "text": "Third Ear Band (album) Third Ear Band was the second album by the Third Ear Band , released in 1970 . It consists of four improvised pieces , `` Air '' , `` Earth '' , `` Fire '' , and `` Water '' , and is therefore sometimes known as `` Elements '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3b5edf05c2aa80530f9ae6c221e9ecfe", "text": "The Flame The Flame may refer to : Films The Flame ( 1920 film ) , a 1920 British film directed by Floyd Martin Thornton The Flame ( 1923 film ) , English title for a 1923 German film titled Die Flamme The Flame ( 1947 film ) , a 1947 film directed by John H. Auer The Flame , English title for a 1952 Italian film titled La fiammata Songs `` The Flame '' ( Arcadia song ) , a 1986 song by British band Arcadia `` The Flame '' ( Cheap Trick song ) , a 1988 song by American band Cheap Trick `` The Flame '' , a 1996 song by British band Fine Young Cannibals `` The Flame '' , the official song of the 2000 Sydney Summer Olympics performed by Tina Arena Albums The Flame ( The Flames album ) , a 1970 album by South-African Band The Flames The Flame ( Steve Lacy album ) , a 1982 album by American jazz saxophonist Steve Lacy The Flame ( Annabel Lamb album ) , a 1984 album by British singer Annabel Lamb The Flame ( Gina Jeffreys album ) , a 1994 album by Australian singer Gina Jeffreys The Flame ( Dover album ) , a 2003 album by Spanish rock band Dover Print media The Flame ( novel ) , a 1900 novel by Gabriele D'Annunzio The FLAME , a Seventh-day Adventist magazine The Flame , a newspaper of the British National Front The Flame , a student newspaper of the University of Houston -- Victoria Other The Flame ( DHARMA Initiative ) , a fictional research project station featured in the American television series Lost Flame ( comics ) , a fictional superhero character The Flame ( wrestler ) , a ring name of wrestler Jody Hamilton", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7430dc2245ad425b18693ee13dcb2d07", "text": "Wheels of Fire Wheels of Fire is the third album by the British rock band Cream . It was released in July 1968 as a two-disc vinyl LP , with one disc recorded in the studio and the other recorded live . It reached # 3 in the United Kingdom and # 1 in the United States , becoming the first platinum-selling double album . In May 2012 it was ranked number 205 on Rolling Stone magazine 's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time . It was also released as two single long-players , Wheels of Fire ( In the Studio ) and Wheels of Fire ( Live at the Fillmore ) , released together with similar cover art . In the UK the studio album art was black print on aluminium foil while the live album art was a negative image of the studio cover . In Japan the studio album art was black on gold foil while the live album art was black on aluminium foil . In Australia both covers were laminated copies of the Japanese releases ( the double album was never released in Australia ) .", "title": "" } ]	fever
6350f76c5e022bd0f2c688fe33fa5cc7	The 1992 Los Angeles riots were a series of events of civil disorder.	[ { "docid": "05735ec6185984c0201dff2991e5b6eb", "text": "1992 Los Angeles riots The 1992 Los Angeles riots , also known as the Rodney King riots , the South Central riots , the 1992 Los Angeles civil disturbance , the 1992 Los Angeles civil unrest , and the Los Angeles uprising , were a series of riots , lootings , arsons , and civil disturbances that occurred in Los Angeles County , California in April and May 1992 . The unrest began in South Central Los Angeles on April 29 after a trial jury acquitted four officers of the Los Angeles Police Department of the use of excessive force in the videotaped arrest and beating of Rodney King . It then spread throughout the Los Angeles metropolitan area as thousands of people rioted over a six-day period following the announcement of the verdict . Widespread looting , assault , arson , and killings occurred during the riots , and estimates of property damage were over $ 1 billion . Order was only restored after members of the California Army National Guard , the 7th Infantry Division , and the 1st Marine Division were called in to stop the rioting when local police could not control the situation . In total , 58 people were killed during the riots , more than 2,000 people were injured , and more than 11,000 were arrested . LAPD chief of police Daryl Gates , who had already announced his resignation by the time of the riots , took much of the institutional blame .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3887f967b453a1050cf2c9074398a0f0", "text": "Civil disorder Civil disorder , also known as civil unrest , is a broad term that is typically used by law enforcement to describe unrest that is caused by a group of people . Civil disorder is also described as `` any public disturbance involving acts of violence by assemblages of three or more persons , which cause an immediate danger of or results in damage or injury to the property or person of any other individual . '' during civil disorder people generally choose not to observe a certain law , regulation to rule , this is usually to bring attention to their cause or concern . Civil disturbance can include a form of protest against major socio-political problems . It is essentially the breakdown of orderly society , of which examples can include : illegal parades , sit-ins , riots , sabotage , and other forms of crime . Even on occasions where it is typically intended to be a demonstration to the public or the government , such can escalate into general chaos . Civil disorder can take many forms such as small gatherings or mass groups of people often blocking access to a specific building or disrupting day-to-day activities . Creating loud noises , shouting , or marching down public roads or streets are generally the disruptions that occur in civil disorder . The severity of civil disorder can get out of hand leading to a riot . Some examples of civil disorder that have occurred in the United States include the protests related to the Civil Rights Movement in the 1960s and protests against the Vietnam War in the early 1970s .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "2039efe2d13b9d2b420524151fd916a7", "text": "Legislative violence Legislative violence broadly refers to any violent clashes between members of a legislature , often physically inside the legislature and triggered by divisive issues and tight votes . Such clashes have occurred in many countries across time , and notable incidents still regularly occur . Although the sight of brawling politicians is incongruous with a legislature 's stately image , its occupants , like in any other workplace , are still prone to stress and anger . The confrontational nature of politics and the high stakes often add to the simmering tensions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b78bfc5ff158a15a2295c620c6fffd3d", "text": "Black Power movement The Black Power movement was a political movement to achieve a form of Black Power and the many philosophies it contains . The movement saw various forms of activism some violent and some peaceful , all hoping to achieve black empowerment . The Black Power movement also represented socialist movements , all with the general motivation of improving the standing of black people in society . Originated during the Civil Rights Movement , some doubted the philosophy of the movement begging for more radical action , taking influences from Malcolm X . The cornerstone of the movement was the Black Panther Party , a Black Power organization dedicated to socialism and the use of violence to achieve it . The Black Power movement developed in the criticisms of the Civil Rights Movement in the early 1960s , and over time and into the 1970s , the movement grew and became more violent . After years of violence , many left the movement and the police began arresting violent actors in the movement . The Black Power movement also spilled out into the Caribbean creating the Black Power Revolution . Motivated by principles of community control , Black Power activists founded scores of institutions and services , including black-owned bookstores , food cooperatives , farms , media , printing presses , schools , clinics , and ambulance services .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8380494efb8bc6fcf5d621bdfa3f256e", "text": "Los Angeles Times bombing The Los Angeles Times bombing was the purposeful dynamiting of the Los Angeles Times building in Los Angeles , California , on October 1 , 1910 by a union member belonging to the International Association of Bridge and Structural Iron Workers . The explosion started a fire which killed 21 newspaper employees and injured 100 more . It was termed the `` crime of the century '' by the Times . Brothers John J. ( `` J.J. '' ) and James B. ( `` J.B. '' ) McNamara were arrested in April 1911 for the bombing . Their trial became a cause célèbre for the American labor movement . J.B. admitted to setting the explosive , and was convicted and sentenced to life in prison . J.J. was sentenced to 15 years in prison for bombing a local iron manufacturing plant , and returned to the Iron Workers union as an organizer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b3c15bd0b213ca44b2c712d987a86dde", "text": "December 2001 riots in Argentina The December 2001 uprising was a period of civil unrest and rioting in Argentina , which took place during December 2001 , with the most violent incidents taking place on December 19 and December 20 in the capital , Buenos Aires , Rosario and other large cities around the country .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cac3bdc3ab2910f6993a7d76352154fd", "text": "Raymond Lee Harvey Raymond Lee Harvey was an Ohio-born unemployed American drifter . He was arrested by the Secret Service after being found carrying a starter pistol with blank rounds , ten minutes before President Jimmy Carter was to give a speech at the Civic Center Mall in Los Angeles on May 5 , 1979 . Although he had a history of mental illness , police investigated his claims that he was part of a four-man operation to assassinate the president . He claimed that he had been approached by three Latino men staying at the Alan Hotel who gave him the starter pistol , and asked him to shoot it into the ground to create a diversion , so they could then shoot the president from their hotel room during the distraction . According to Harvey , he fired seven blank rounds from the starter pistol on the hotel roof on the night of May 4 , to test how much noise it would make . He then spent the night in a room taken by one of the men , whom he knew as `` Julio '' , but who was later identified as a 21-year-old illegal Mexican alien who gave the name Osvaldo Espinoza Ortiz . At the time of his arrest , Harvey had eight spent rounds in his pocket , as well as 70 unspent blank rounds for the gun . The names `` Lee Harvey '' and `` Osvaldo '' ( Osvaldo is the Spanish equivalent to `` Oswald '' ) drew comparisons to Lee Harvey Oswald , who assassinated President John F. Kennedy . This led conspiracy theorists to claim that the incident was set up to scare Carter into submission . Although originally dismissed as `` a tale spun by an intoxicated man , '' police investigating the claims found a room in the Alan Hotel rented under the name `` Umberto Camacho , '' the name of an alleged conspirator given by Ortiz , containing a shotgun case and three unspent rounds of ammunition . The occupant had checked out of the hotel room the day of the alleged assassination attempt . Harvey was jailed on a $ 50,000 bond , given his transient status , and Ortiz was alternately reported as being held on a $ 100,000 bond as a material witness or held on a $ 50,000 bond being charged with burglary from a car . Charges against the pair were ultimately dismissed for a lack of evidence . His age at the time of the event has been alternately given as 34 or 35 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0dcde8038f834c89885b3f0ba19bb188", "text": "List of food riots Food riots may occur when there is a shortage and/or unequal distribution of food . Causes can be food price rises , harvest failures , incompetent food storage , transport problems , food speculation , hoarding , poisoning of food , or attacks by pests . During the period 2007-2008 , a rise in global food prices led to riots in various countries . A similar crisis recurred in 2010-2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "de18b0889f1e1c305f5c85d594a9a448", "text": "Racial violence in Australia Various examples of violence have been attributed to racial factors during the recorded history of Australia since white settlement , and a level of intertribal rivalry and violence among Indigenous Australians pre-dates the arrival of white settlers from Britain in 1788 . During the period of British colonisation , various incidents of inter-racial tension and competition for land and resources between Europeans and Indigenous peoples involved violence , becoming a factor in the decline of indigenous populations during the 19th century . Incidents of racial violence between settler communities followed the large scale multi-ethnic immigration of the Australian goldrushes of the mid-19th century - notably white miners targeting Chinese miners - which contributed to the development of the White Australia Policy which preferenced British and `` white '' immigration to Australia for some decades . The policy resulted in a largely racially homogenous population by the mid-20th century . Australia 's large scale , Post-World War Two , multi-ethnic immigration program has seen Australia develop into one of the most ethnically diverse nations , with relatively little racial violence , and in which incitement to racial violence is a crime . Nevertheless , incidents and examples of violence between the various ethnicities of modern Australia have continued to be attributed to racial motivations up to the present time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5af71d5f25097f57a343e211200db4ae", "text": "1981 England riots In 1981 , England suffered serious riots across many major cities . They were perceived as race riots between communities , in all cases the main motives for the riots were related to racial tension and inner city deprivation . The riots were caused by a distrust of the police and authority . The four main riots that occurred were the Brixton riot in London , the Handsworth riots in Birmingham , the Chapeltown riot in Leeds and the Toxteth riots in Liverpool .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "434e3e3eaf7157f47747ac71095e6df6", "text": "Protest and dissent in China In spite of restrictions on freedom of association and of speech , a wide variety of protests and dissident movements have proliferated in China , particularly in the decades since the death of Mao Zedong . Among the most notable of these were the 1959 Tibetan uprising against Communist Party rule , the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests , which was put down with military force , and the 25 April 1999 demonstration by 10,000 Falun Gong practitioners at Zhongnanhai . Protesters and dissidents in China espouse a wide variety of grievances , including corruption , forced evictions , unpaid wages , human rights abuses , environmental degradation , ethnic protests , petitioning for religious freedom and civil liberties , protests against one-party rule , as well as nationalist protests against foreign countries . The number of annual protests has grown steadily since the early 1990s , from approximately 8700 `` mass group incidents '' in 1993 to over 87,000 in 2005 . In 2006 , the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences estimated the number of annual mass incidents to exceed 90,000 , and Chinese sociology professor Sun Liping estimated 180,000 incidents in 2010 . Mass incidents are defined broadly as `` planned or impromptu gathering that forms because of internal contradictions '' , and can include public speeches or demonstrations , physical clashes , public airings of grievances , and other group behaviors that are seen as disrupting social stability . Despite the increase in protests , some scholars have argued that they may not pose an existential threat to Communist Party rule because they lack `` connective tissue ; '' the preponderance of protests in China are aimed at local-level officials , and only a select few dissident movements seek systemic change .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1507094893db4f40441294955acd3eca", "text": "2016 Milwaukee riots On August 13 , 2016 , a riot began in the Sherman Park neighborhood in Milwaukee , Wisconsin , sparked by the fatal police shooting of 23-year-old Sylville Smith . During the three-day turmoil , several people , including police officers , were injured and dozens of protesters arrested . A nightly curfew was set up for teenagers in the area . Smith was running on foot and armed with a stolen handgun when he was shot . Smith and the officer who fired the fatal shots , Dominique Heaggan-Brown , were both African-American . Video from the officer 's bodycam showed that Smith had turned with the gun in his hand toward the officer right before the officer shot him . Heaggan-Brown was criminally charged with Smith 's death .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "30685ff1211543a58082b247781a4400", "text": "Violent crime A violent crime or crime of violence is a crime in which an offender uses or threatens force upon a victim . This entails both crimes in which the violent act is the objective , such as murder , as well as crimes in which violence is the means to an end . Violent crimes may , or may not , be committed with weapons . Depending on the jurisdiction , violent crimes may vary from homicide to harassment . Typically , violent criminals includes aircraft hijackers , bank robbers , muggers , burglars , terrorists , carjackers , rapists , kidnappers , torturers , active shooters , murderers , gangsters , drug cartels , and others .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "808e34fb238240e4687cfc7af2432e5b", "text": "Civil rights movements Civil rights movements are a worldwide series of political movements for equality before the law , that peaked in the 1960s . In many situations they have been characterized by nonviolent protests , or have taken the form of campaigns of civil resistance aimed at achieving change through nonviolent forms of resistance . In some situations , they have been accompanied , or followed , by civil unrest and armed rebellion . The process has been long and tenuous in many countries , and many of these movements did not , or have yet to , fully achieve their goals , although the efforts of these movements have led to improvements in the legal rights of some previously oppressed groups of people , in some places . The main aim of the successful Civil Rights Movement and other social movements for civil rights included ensuring that the rights of all people were and are equally protected by the law . These include but are not limited to the rights of minorities , women 's rights , and LGBT rights .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "de0c01dba62d0577aca8a19697923a59", "text": "1968 Detroit riot The 1968 Detroit riot was a civil disturbance that occurred between April 4 -- 5 , 1968 in Detroit , Michigan following the assassination of Martin Luther King , Jr. . Less than a year after the violent unrest of 1967 , areas of 12th Street ( present-day Rosa Parks Boulevard ) again erupted in chaos ( simultaneously with 110 other US cities ) following King 's assassination . Michigan Governor George W. Romney ordered the National Guard into Detroit . One person was killed , and gangs tossed objects at cars and smashed storefront windows with three dozen fires being set .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "16ba321a08312aeafc8a045c0888998e", "text": "Ferguson effect The Ferguson effect is the idea that increased scrutiny of police following the 2014 shooting of Michael Brown in Ferguson , Missouri has led to an increased crime rate ( or sometimes increased murder rate ) in major U.S. cities . The mechanism usually suggested is that police have less vigorous enforcement in situations that might lead to backlash , though other mechanisms are suggested . The term was coined by Doyle Sam Dotson III , the chief of the St. Louis police , to account for an increased murder rate in some U.S. cities following the Ferguson unrest . The concept has been criticized by some academics and politicians as being inaccurate or non-existent , including former President Barack Obama .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7f1c32e6ec70ac8f16a8305c9ad8da0b", "text": "Second International Islamic Unity Conference From August 2 through the 4th , 1996 , some 7,000 attendees and over 125 speakers from around the globe attended a three-day marathon of lectures , parallel workshop sessions , prayer , praise of Muhammad and Islamic social interaction . Officially known as the International Islamic Unity Conference , it started off with a press session on Friday morning and ended with a parade through downtown Los Angeles on Sunday evening . Attendees praised the organizers for an excellent , though intense schedule of speeches by muftis , Islamic scholars , international political leaders , American political figures and an array of interfaith events . Chaired by Shaykh Muhammad Hisham Kabbani , the conference was sponsored by As-Sunnah Foundation of America , the Naqshbandi Haqqani Sufi Order and by a number of other charitable and religious organizations . Many felt the conference organization was exemplary , the facilities at the Los Angeles ' Westin Bonaventure Hotel excellent and the wide variety of cultural food and Islamic entertainment very apropos for such an international event . The many San Francisco Bay Area attendees were happy to find a number of prominent local Islamic activists featured , as well as those from national ISNA , IQRA , MPAC and other national Islamic organizations well represented . The spirit of unity was especially apparent at the `` Peace in the Streets '' session , where about 20 former gang leaders , along with the popular rap star MC Hammer , took shahada with Shaykh Nazim al-Qubrusi , Grand-mufti of Cyprus and worldwide leader of the Naqshbandi Haqqani Sufi Order . Attendees were treated to sessions on politics , importance of schools of thought , purification of the heart , establishing Islamic economic power , educational curriculum initiative and many other subjects , discussed from the main podium as well as in intimate workshops where speakers and attendees were able to express their views . A major event occurred on Saturday night , with the launching of the International Day of the Orphan , which is expected , given the sponsorship of California 's Assembly , and endorsement by a number of international organizations , to become a globally sponsored day for recalling the plight of orphans and children in difficulty .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "900ae894ee3e832df2399de4049c63c6", "text": "Crime in Washington, D.C. Crime in Washington , D.C. , is directly related to the city 's changing demographics , geography , and unique criminal justice system . The District 's population reached a peak of 982,178 in 1950 . However , shortly thereafter , the city began losing residents and by 1980 Washington had lost one-quarter of its population . The population loss to the suburbs also created a new demographic pattern , which divided affluent neighborhoods west of Rock Creek Park from more crime-ridden and blighted areas to the east . Despite being the headquarters of multiple federal law enforcement agencies , such as the Federal Bureau of Investigation ( FBI ) and United States Drug Enforcement Administration ( DEA ) , the nationwide crack epidemic of the 1980s and 1990s greatly affected the city and led to large increases in crime . The number of homicides in Washington peaked in 1991 at 897 ( a rate of nearly 60.8 homicides per 100,000 residents ) , and the city eventually became known as the `` murder capital '' of the United States . The crime rate started to fall in the mid-1990s as the crack cocaine epidemic gave way to economic revitalization projects . Gentrification efforts have also started to transform the demographics of distressed neighborhoods , recently leading to the first rise in the District 's population in 60 years . By the mid-2000s , crime rates in Washington dropped to their lowest levels in over 20 years . As in many major cities , crime remains a significant factor in D.C. , especially in the city 's northwestern neighborhoods , which tend to be more affluent , draw more tourists , and have more vibrant nightlife . Violent crime also remains a problem in Ward 8 , which has the city 's highest concentration of poverty .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "02e62edbca3669b75a07cb30a60082d8", "text": "California Water Wars The California Water Wars were a series of conflicts between the city of Los Angeles and farmers and ranchers in the Owens Valley of Eastern California . As Los Angeles grew in the late 19th century , it started to outgrow its water supply . Fred Eaton , mayor of Los Angeles , realized that water could flow from Owens Valley to Los Angeles via an aqueduct . The aqueduct construction was overseen by William Mulholland and was finished in 1913 . The water rights were acquired through political fighting and , as described by one author , `` chicanery , subterfuge ... and a strategy of lies . '' Since 1913 , the Owens River had been diverted to Los Angeles , causing the ruin of the valley 's economy . By the 1920s , so much water was diverted from the Owens Valley that agriculture became difficult . This led to the farmers trying to destroy the aqueduct in 1924 . Los Angeles prevailed and kept the water flowing . By 1926 , Owens Lake at the bottom of Owens Valley was completely dry due to water diversion . The water needs of Los Angeles kept growing . In 1941 , Los Angeles diverted water that previously fed Mono Lake , north of Owens Valley , into the aqueduct . Mono Lake 's ecosystem for migrating birds was threatened by dropping water levels . Between 1979 and 1994 , David Gaines and the Mono Lake Committee engaged in litigation with Los Angeles . The litigation forced Los Angeles to stop diverting water from around Mono Lake , which has started to rise back to a level that can support its ecosystem .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8795b70531d4e7c86cb868fa87eca34b", "text": "True threat A true threat is a threatening communication that can be prosecuted under the law . It is distinct from a threat that is made in jest . The U.S. Supreme Court has held that true threats are not protected under the U.S. Constitution based on three justifications : preventing fear , preventing the disruption that follows from that fear , and diminishing the likelihood that the threatened violence will occur . There is some concern that even satirical speech could be regarded as a `` true threat '' due to concern over terrorism . The true threat doctrine was established in the 1969 Supreme Court case Watts v. United States . In that case , an eighteen-year-old male was convicted in a Washington , D.C. District Court for violating a statute prohibiting persons from knowingly and willfully making threats to harm or kill the President of the United States . The conviction was based on a statement made by Watts , in which he said , '' -LSB- i -RSB- f they ever make me carry a rifle the first man I want to get in my sights is L.B.J. '' Watts appealed , leading to the Supreme Court finding the statute constitutional on its face , but reversing the conviction of Watts . In reviewing the lower court 's analysis of the case , the Court noted that `` a threat must be distinguished from what is constitutionally protected speech . '' The Court recognized that `` uninhibited , robust , and wideopen '' political debate can at times be characterized by `` vehement , caustic , and sometimes unpleasantly sharp attacks on government and public officials . '' In light of the context of Watts ' statement - and the laughter that it received from the crowd - the Court found that it was more `` a kind of very crude offensive method of stating a political opposition to the President '' than a `` true threat . '' In so holding , the Court established that there is a `` true threat '' exception to protected speech , but also that the statement must be viewed in its context and distinguished from protected hyperbole . The opinion , however , stopped short of defining precisely what constituted a `` true threat . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "af31ebac68c687b708e9d783d429cba4", "text": "New York City draft riots The New York draft riots ( July 13 -- 16 , 1863 ) , known at the time as Draft Week , were violent disturbances in Lower Manhattan , widely regarded as the culmination of working-class discontent with new laws passed by Congress that year to draft men to fight in the ongoing American Civil War . The riots remain the largest civil and racial insurrection in American history , aside from the Civil War itself . U.S. President Abraham Lincoln diverted several regiments of militia and volunteer troops from following up after the Battle of Gettysburg to control the city . The rioters were overwhelmingly working-class men , who resented that wealthier men , who could afford to pay a $ 300 ( equivalent to $ 9,157 in 2017 ) commutation fee to hire a substitute , were spared from the draft . Initially intended to express anger at the draft , the protests turned into a race riot , with white rioters , predominantly Irish immigrants , attacking blacks throughout the city . The official death toll was listed at either 119 or 120 individuals . Conditions in the city were such that Major General John E. Wool , commander of the Department of the East , said on July 16 that `` Martial law ought to be proclaimed , but I have not a sufficient force to enforce it . '' The military did not reach the city until after the first day of rioting , by which time the mobs , primarily ethnic Irish , had already ransacked or destroyed numerous public buildings , two Protestant churches , the homes of various abolitionists or sympathizers , many black homes , and the Colored Orphan Asylum at 44th Street and Fifth Avenue , which was burned to the ground . The area 's demographics changed as a result of the riot . Many blacks left Manhattan permanently ( many moving to Brooklyn ) . By 1865 their population fell below 10,000 , the number in 1820 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4db11ec380bc2c5cde3a2fbe8a4b55c7", "text": "Newhall incident The Newhall incident , also called the `` Newhall massacre '' , was a shootout between two heavily armed criminals and officers of the California Highway Patrol ( CHP ) in the Newhall unincorporated area of Los Angeles County , California on April 5 , 1970 . In less than 5 minutes , four CHP officers were killed in what was at the time the deadliest day in the history of California law enforcement . At approximately 11:55 p.m. ( UTC-8 ) , CHP officers Walt Frago and Roger Gore conducted a traffic stop of Bobby Davis and Jack Twinning in conjunction with an incident involving the pair that had been reported to the CHP minutes earlier . After stopping in a restaurant parking lot and initially cooperating with the officers , Twinning and Davis opened fire and killed both officers . Minutes later , Officers George Alleyn and James Pence arrived on the scene and engaged Twinning and Davis in a shootout . A passerby picked up one of the officers ' weapons and opened fire on the perpetrators ; however , the three were outgunned , and both Alleyn and Pence suffered fatal injuries while the passerby ran out of ammunition and took cover in a ditch . A third CHP patrol car arrived on the scene and the lone officer inside briefly exchanged gunfire with the perpetrators , but they were able to flee the scene . Over three hours later , after stealing a vehicle and exchanging gunfire with its owner , Davis attempted to flee the area ; however , he was spotted by police and arrested . Meanwhile , Twinning broke into a house and took one of its occupants hostage . The house was surrounded by deputies of the Los Angeles County Sheriff 's Department and at approximately 9 a.m. , he released the hostage and committed suicide when the deputies entered the house . Davis was sentenced to death but had his sentence commuted to life imprisonment without the possibility of parole in 1973 . He killed himself at Kern Valley State Prison in 2009 . The Newhall incident resulted in a number of changes at the CHP , including procedural changes in arresting high risk suspects and standardization of firearms and firearms training used across the department .", "title": "" } ]	fever
db3d9c86208be8da7beaf72b1880c583	All the Lovers was a commercial success in Europe.	[ { "docid": "6482ccee8796c643e39e3f946343a360", "text": "All the Lovers `` All the Lovers '' is a song recorded by Australian recording artist Kylie Minogue for her eleventh studio album , Aphrodite ( 2010 ) . One of the last songs to be recorded for the album , `` All the Lovers '' was written by Jim Eliot and Mima Stilwell and produced by the former . Stuart Price , the executive producer of Aphrodite , was responsible for additional production and mixing of the song . Minogue felt `` All the Lovers '' summarised the `` euphoria '' of the album perfectly and chose it to be the lead single from Aphrodite . It was then globally released by Parlophone as a CD single and digital download on 11 June 2010 . `` All the Lovers '' is a midtempo disco song with influences of electropop music . The lyrics of the song serve as an invitation to the dance floor and an assertion that Minogue 's past relationships do not `` compare '' to the one she shares with her present lover . Upon its release , `` All the Lovers '' garnered critical acclaim and was commended for its chorus and production . Many critics found it similar to Minogue 's 2004 single `` I Believe in You '' . Compared to the lead singles from Minogue 's previous albums , `` All the Lovers '' underperformed in Australia and missed peaking inside the top ten of the Australian Singles Chart . However , it was a commercial success in Europe , reaching the top ten in numerous countries including Austria , Belgium , France , Italy , Spain and Switzerland and the United Kingdom . In the latter country , `` All the Lovers '' peaked at number three on the UK Singles Chart . A club hit in the United States , it topped the Billboard Hot Dance Club Songs chart . `` All the Lovers '' was certified gold in Australia , Italy , and the United Kingdom . An accompanying music video for `` All the Lovers '' was filmed in Downtown Los Angeles by Joseph Kahn , and features Minogue singing the song from atop a pyramid of underwear-clad couples . Critical reception towards the video was favourable , with many critics enjoying its concept and imagery . The music video was banned in several Asian countries due to its sexual nature . For additional promotion , Minogue performed the song on various television shows , such as Germany 's Next Topmodel and Alan Carr : Chatty Man . It was included on the set list of her Aphrodite : Les Folies , Kiss Me Once , and 2015 Summer tours , as well as on the Kylie Christmas concert series . An orchestral version of the song was featured on the track list of Minogue 's 2012 compilation album The Abbey Road Sessions .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "80cd601bcf46353bd96bfa44e824c649", "text": "Love Is (Vikki Watson song) `` Love Is ... '' , written and composed by James Kaleth and Vikki Watson , was the United Kingdom 's entry at the Eurovision Song Contest 1985 , performed by the latter composer , Vikki Watson , credited at Eurovision and on the single as Vikki . The first female soloist to compete for UK at Eurovision since Olivia Newton-John with `` Long Live Love '' at Eurovision 1974 and also the first female composer of a UK Eurovision entrant to sing her composition in the contest , Vikki won the right to perform at Gothenburg by winning the UK national final , A Song for Europe , where she was the first singer to perform . At Gothenburg , the song was performed fourteenth on the night , after Norway 's Bobbysocks with `` La det swinge '' , and before Switzerland 's Mariella Farré and Pino Gasparini with `` Piano , piano . '' At the end of judging that evening , `` Love Is '' took the fourth-place slot with 100 points . At the time , it was one of the few entries that managed to receive 100 points without receiving any 12 point allotments from any jury . It was also the UK 's strongest showing since winning the 1981 Contest with `` Making Your Mind Up . '' The song was a contemporary ballad about a man and a woman who are both too afraid to plunge head-first with their emotions into a love affair ; while both of them want to be loved by the other , both of them are letting their heads rule their hearts . In the chorus , Vikki sings that `` love is '' the product of a number of impulsive decisions , such as `` taking a chance on two hearts beating as one . '' Vikki nominally used a single chair as a prop , first sitting in it while singing the song , then circling it and abandoning it entirely by the second half of the song . Despite the high showing at Gothenburg , the song placed at No. 49 on the UK Singles Chart . The b-side of the single was `` Lead Me Through the Darkness ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2849f6a208e8c6d6a63c6db64190982e", "text": "Many Kisses Later Many Kisses Later ( Ex ) is a 2009 Italian-French romantic comedy film directed and co-written by Fausto Brizzi and interpreted by an ensemble cast . The film , produced by Italian International Film , in co-production with the French company and Mes Films in collaboration with RAI Cinema . It was released February 6 , 2009 in Italian cinema and has been recognized as `` national cultural interest '' by the Directorate General for Cinema of the Ministry of Heritage and Culture .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b8ed77dcf3a8a56fd7babbdc4a2a5a1a", "text": "Continental Europe Continental Europe , also referred to as mainland Europe , or , by Europeans , simply the Continent , is the continuous continent of Europe , excluding surrounding islands . The most common definition of continental Europe excludes continental islands , encompassing the Greek Islands , Cyprus , Malta , Sicily , Sardinia , Corsica , the Balearic Islands , Ireland , Great Britain , the Isle of Man , the Channel Islands , Novaya Zemlya and the Danish archipelago , as well as nearby oceanic islands , including the Canary Islands , Madeira , the Azores , Iceland , the Faroe Islands , and Svalbard . The Scandinavian peninsula is sometimes also excluded , as even though it is technically part of `` mainland Europe '' , the de facto connections to the rest of the continent are across the Baltic Sea or North Sea ( rather than via the lengthy land route that involves travelling to the north of the peninsula where it meets Finland , and then south through north-east Europe ) . The notion of Europe as a geopolitical or cultural term is centred on core Europe ( Kerneuropa ) , the continental territory of the historical Carolingian Empire and the core of Latin Christendom , corresponding to modern France , Italy , Germany ( or German-speaking Europe ) and the Benelux states ( historical Austrasia ) . This historical core of `` Carolingian Europe '' was consciously invoked in the 1950s as the historical ethno-cultural basis for the prospective European integration ( see also Multi-speed Europe ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c1139e048e2906f7a8d52741ee5eaa4c", "text": "Let Me Go, Lover! `` Let Me Go , Lover ! '' , a popular song , was written by Jenny Lou Carson and Al Hill , a pseudonym used by Fred Wise , Kathleen Twomey , and Ben Weisman . It is based on an earlier song called `` Let Me Go , Devil , '' about alcoholism . It was featured on the television program Studio One on November 15 , 1954 , and caught the fancy of the public . Joan Weber sang the song on the TV production and was pregnant at the time . A result of the program was to illustrate how efficiently a song could be promoted by introducing it to the public via radio or a TV production . The recording was released by Columbia Records as catalog number 40366 . Mitch Miller stocked national record stores the week before the program and because of its availability the record sold over 100,000 the first week of its release . It first reached the Billboard magazine charts on December 4 , 1954 . By January 1955 , Weber 's record of the song had hit No. 1 on all the Billboard charts ( the Disk Jockey chart , the Best Seller chart , and the Juke Box chart ) . The song reached No. 16 in the UK Singles Chart , and was awarded a gold record . It was also quickly covered by a number of other singers . One artist to `` cover '' it was Lucille Ball . In the March 18 , 1955 , episode of I Love Lucy , entitled `` Bull Fight Dance '' . Among the cover versions was one by Patti Page . This recording was released by Mercury Records as catalog number 70511 . It first reached the Billboard charts on December 18 , 1954 . On the Disk Jockey chart , it peaked at No. 8 ; on the Best Seller chart , at No. 24 ; on the Juke Box chart , at No. 12 . Another cover , by Teresa Brewer and The Lancers , was recorded on November 18 , 1954 , and released by Coral Records as catalog number 61315 . It reached No. 6 on the Billboard chart and No. 9 on the UK Singles Chart . Peggy Lee also released the song in 1954 , reaching No. 26 . On the Cash Box Best-Selling Records chart , all the versions were combined , and the song was also a No. 1 hit on that chart . Hank Snow 's version ( `` Let Me Go , Woman '' ) went to No. 1 on the country music charts in 1955 . Dean Martin had the song released as a single in 1955 , reaching No. 3 in the UK Singles Chart . In March 1955 , Ruby Murray reached 5 in the UK Singles Chart with her version . Kathy Kirby 's version of the song went to No. 10 on the UK Singles Chart in 1964 . It was also covered by Billy Fury , which turned out to one of the last songs he recorded before his death in 1983 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2ed14842862488d15a69d0efa0e004a3", "text": "Not for All the Love in the World `` Not for All the Love in the World '' is the second single from the album Let 's Bottle Bohemia by Irish Alternative Rock band The Thrills . It was released on 15 November 2004 . The single marked a significant change in the band 's direction as a slower , more melancholic release . The song reached number 39 on the UK Singles Chart .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9dbac271cd6c6d975dc7d424483d7ae2", "text": "All About Love All About Love may refer to :", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4384d66be4b9f388417d2306f994fdbe", "text": "Everlasting Love (Sandra album) Everlasting Love is the second compilation album from German singer Sandra , released in 1988 . This longplayer is not counted as a `` regular '' album ; it is a special compilation for the Anglo-American market and was only released in the U.S. and UK . The version of `` Everlasting Love '' that it contains was remixed for PWL to match the taste of the English and American audience and is very different from the original single release of 1987 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "491e5287e8efbb089557782d5c52e25f", "text": "The Tale of Two Lovers The Tale of Two Lovers ( Historia de duobus amantibus ) written in 1444 was one of the bestselling books of the fifteenth century , even before its author , Aeneas Sylvius Piccolomini , became Pope Pius II . It is one of the earliest examples of an epistolary novel , full of erotic imagery . The first printed edition was published by Ulrich Zel in Cologne between 1467 and 1470 . The novel is set in Siena , and centres around the love story of Lucretia , a married woman , and Euryalus , one of the men waiting on the Duke of Austria . After an uncertain beginning , in which each is in love but unaware that it is reciprocated , they begin a correspondence , which takes up much of the rest of the novel . Before writing his first love-letter , Euryalus quotes Virgil in defence of his position , Amor vincit omnia et nos cedamus amori ( translated : `` Love conquers all ; let us all yield to love ! '' ) The lovers were identified by some with Kaspar Schlick , the chancellor of Sigismund , Holy Roman Emperor and a daughter of the elder Mariano Sozzini , Aeneas ' law teacher at the University of Siena . This equation of characters is no longer accepted . The Latin text was edited most recently in 2001 . Translations have been made into several languages , including English .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ad28ca52cedbf6a52fea78ac6c0f22bf", "text": "All Woman `` All Woman '' is a song recorded by British singer Lisa Stansfield for her 1991 album , Real Love . It was written by Stansfield , Ian Devaney and Andy Morris , and produced by Devaney and Morris . The song received favorable reviews from music critics . It was released as the second single on 9 December 1991 in the United Kingdom and in early 1992 in the rest of the world . The Nick Brandt-directed music video was also released . The song reached number twenty in the United Kingdom . In the United States , it peaked at number fifty-six on the Billboard Hot 100 , number one on the Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs and number twenty-one on the Adult Contemporary Singles . The single 's B-side included previously unreleased track , `` Everything Will Get Better . '' The latter was remixed by Danny Tenaglia and reached number thirty-six on the Hot Dance Club Songs . In 2003 , `` All Woman '' was included on Biography : The Greatest Hits . In 2014 , the remixes of `` Everything Will Get Better '' were included on the deluxe 2CD + DVD re-release of Real Love ( also on The Collection 1989 -- 2003 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9ecaf72fa3581fa946199d5a7a3b2cb5", "text": "L'amore è un attimo `` L'amore è un attimo '' ( `` Love is a moment '' ) was the Italian entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1971 , performed in Italian by Massimo Ranieri . The song is a ballad , in which Ranieri attempts to write a letter to his lover ending their relationship . He repeats the phrase `` You said that the one that can tear us apart will never be born '' and also tells her that `` life is a storm , stronger than us '' in his attempts to rationalise the breakup . It appears that he is as despondent about the end of the relationship as he believes she will be , but no reason for it is offered . The song was performed eleventh on the night ( following Belgium 's Jacques Raymond & Lily Castel with Goeiemorgen , morgen and preceding Sweden 's Family Four with Vita vidder ) . At the close of voting , it had received 91 points , placing 5th in a field of 18 . It was succeeded as Italian representative at the 1972 Contest by Nicola di Bari with `` I giorni dell ` arcobaleno '' . Also , this was the first year that the ESC decided to have preview videos promoting the songs competing in the contest . Apparently , Massimo 's video was filmed in color , but the location of the shoot is pretty sketchy , since the Italian TV network , RAI did n't convert to color TV until 1977 . Plus Massimo 's appearance looks a lot different from his appearance at the ESC . Apparently the song and preview video were both recorded in 1970 . In the video , he demonstrates all of his emotions in the song very well . In conclusion , it was rumored that he was favored to win the contest , since he was asked to record the song in Spanish , French , German and English . However , only the French and Spanish versions have been heard . Category : Eurovision songs of Italy Category : Massimo Ranieri songs Category : Eurovision songs of 1971 Category : Songs written by Giancarlo Bigazzi Category :1971 songs", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a924fe64a0aa7b6eb227a01e08d1b410", "text": "Alles Bob! Alles Bob ( `` Its all Bob '' ) is a 1999 German film starring , Martina Gedeck and Miriam Lahnstein , directed by . The film , is about a young man who tells women what they want to hear to get sex .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "abfdb8a1a0effa4bbf567b363c95a649", "text": "Lovers and Liars Lovers and Liars ( Viaggio con Anita ) is a 1979 Italian comedy film directed by Mario Monicelli and starring Goldie Hawn and Giancarlo Giannini . It is Hawn 's only foreign film . It was released in the United States in February 1981 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a9a0dd4ee362b86e7a5a2f10f5339043", "text": "Andante, Andante `` Andante , Andante '' was a song recorded by Swedish pop group ABBA , released in only two countries : El Salvador and Argentina . It was written by Benny and Björn on April 9 , 1980 , at Polar Music studios . At the beginning , this song was called `` Hold Me Close '' . Anni-Frid Lyngstad handles the lead vocals . The lyrics were translated into Spanish by Buddy and Mary McCluskey and recorded in October 1980 at Polar Music studios , see abbaomnibus.net . This song was released for the first time in the album Super Trouper - Latin America version as track number 4 and it was reused in the album ABBA Oro as track number 12 . Abba - Uncensored on the Record explains `` Andante Andante is a love song , and the repeated musical term of the title means gently , slowly or at a walking pace in Italian . '' This song was never released as a single ( only in the B side of `` Happy New Year '' in Portugal ) . Because the song was released as a single in only two countries , it never achieved success and never appeared in the global charts . Though the theme seems at first to be a treatise in love making : `` Make your fingers soft and light / Let your body be the velvet of the night '' , the sensual nature of the song is somewhat mitigated in the refrain as it becomes an invocation of the muse : `` I am your music and I am your song/Play me time and time again and make me strong '' . Augmentation is used in the refrain with the melody sung at half the tempo of the backing tracks , both singing the same lyrics . The Abba tribute choir `` Andante Andante '' takes its name from this song . The Herald describes Andante , Andante as having an `` Italian '' flavour .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4d54bdd98a6214319dd13a65449d6205", "text": "All (song) `` All '' was the United Kingdom entry at the Eurovision Song Contest 1957 performed in English by Hull born actress and occasional singer Patricia Bredin . It was a ballad and at a length of 1:52 minutes , it had the distinction of being the shortest entry in the history of the Contest until Finland in 2015 as well as being the first song to be performed in English . The song was performed 3rd on the night ( following Luxembourg 's `` Amours mortes ( tant de peine ) '' and preceding Italy 's `` Corde della mia chitarra '' , the latter coincidentally being the longest entry in the history of the contest at 5:09 minutes ) . The song was placed 7th out of 10 songs , and received a total of 6 points . No studio recording of the song is known to exist .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d554689b584364274a84ca5c4d5b05ea", "text": "Renée and Renato Renée and Renato was a female/male vocal duo , who had a UK Number one hit in December 1982 with `` Save Your Love '' . The follow-up single `` Just One More Kiss '' peaked at # 48 . Their third single , `` Jesus Loves Us All '' , failed to reach the UK Singles Chart . West Midlands-resident Italian-born Renato Pagliari ( born 28 June 1940 , died 29 July 2009 ) auditioned for ITV 's talent show New Faces in 1975 , catching the attention of songwriter , Johnny Edward , who had written `` Save Your Love '' . He was teamed by Edward with British singer Hilary Lester ( now Gibbon ) and the duo was renamed as Renée and Renato . They recorded the song , `` Save Your Love '' , which became the 1982 Christmas number one . By that stage Gibbon had already joined another group , and the contractually enforced follow-ups , `` Just One More Kiss '' and `` Jesus Loves Us All '' , flopped . Gibbon returned to private life after the fame died down , but Renato still sang , mainly on cruise ships and occasionally at his son 's restaurant , Renato 's , in Tamworth , Staffordshire . His later credits included a guest spot on the TV comedy show Little and Large . He is also rumoured to have been the singer for the Wall 's ice cream jingle `` Just One Cornetto '' ( although this is claimed not to be the case by Pagliari 's son , Remo ) . He also issued several albums . Renato was a fan of Aston Villa F.C. and during the early 1990s was asked by manager Ron Atkinson to sing `` Nessun dorma '' at half time following a particularly poor first half performance by the team . On completion of his performance Atkinson told the players `` Now that is passion ! Go and show me some of that in the second half '' ! When Atkinson appeared on the TV show Room 101 , Atkinson claimed that only Luciano Pavarotti could sing `` Nessun Dorma '' better than Renato .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c89bb83ccb2ffdfdc64bf83d3ebe5226", "text": "The Last Time I Saw Paris For the 1942 book , see Elliot Paul . The Last Time I Saw Paris is a 1954 romantic drama made by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer . It is loosely based on F. Scott Fitzgerald 's short story `` Babylon Revisited . '' It was directed by Richard Brooks , produced by Jack Cummings and filmed on locations in Paris and the MGM backlot . The screenplay was by Julius J. Epstein , Philip G. Epstein and Richard Brooks . The film starred Elizabeth Taylor and Van Johnson in his last role for MGM , with Walter Pidgeon , Donna Reed , Eva Gabor , Kurt Kasznar , George Dolenz , Sandy Descher , Odette , and ( a then-unknown ) Roger Moore in his Hollywood debut . The film 's title song , by composer Jerome Kern and lyricist Oscar Hammerstein II , was already a classic when the movie was made and inspired the movie 's title . Though the song had already won an Oscar after its film debut in 1941 's Lady Be Good , it is featured much more prominently in The Last Time I Saw Paris . It can be heard in many scenes , either being sung by Odette or being played as an instrumental . The film was released in 1954 ; however , there was an error with the Roman numerals in the copyright notice showing `` MCMXLIV '' ( 1944 ) , meaning the term of copyright started 10 years before the film was released . Thus , the normal 28-year copyright term ended just 18 years after the film was released , and MGM neglected to renew it presumably because they believed there was still 10 years left in the term . The film entered the public domain in the United States in 1972 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d934b69e34abf6b530d70861b2d4632e", "text": "The Greatest Love of All `` The Greatest Love of All '' is a song written by composers Michael Masser ( music ) and Linda Creed ( lyrics ) . It was originally recorded in 1977 by American singer and guitarist George Benson , who made the song a substantial hit , peaking at number 2 on the R&B chart that year , the first R&B chart Top Ten hit for Arista Records . The song was written and recorded to be the main theme of the 1977 film The Greatest , a biopic of the boxer Muhammad Ali . Eight years after Benson 's original recording , the song became even more well known for a version by Whitney Houston , whose 1985 cover ( with the slightly amended title `` Greatest Love of All '' ) eventually topped the charts , peaking at number 1 in Australia , Canada , U.S. and on the R&B chart in 1986 . The original recording by Benson was released in 1977 in the U.S. , Japan , France , Germany , New Zealand , Australia , Italy , Brazil , Netherlands , U.K. and in Thailand , on an extended play ( EP ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6ee8a908c8ffd97f646e54da93b8d2d6", "text": "Soldier of Love (album) Soldier of Love is the sixth studio album by English band Sade , released on 5 February 2010 by Epic Records . Following the release of Lovers Rock ( 2000 ) , the band went into a 10-year hiatus . In 2008 , the band re-grouped in order to begin work on their sixth album , making it the first time each member had been together . The recording of the album primarily took place at the Real World Studios in Box , England , with additional sessions at El Cortijo in San Pedro de Alcántara , Spain . The album 's recording began in 2009 and was completed in the summer of that year . The first single `` Soldier of Love '' premiered on US radio on 8 December 2009 , and was released digitally on 11 January 2010 . Subsequent singles `` Babyfather '' and `` The Moon and the Sky '' were serviced to US urban AC radio on 13 April and 24 August 2010 , respectively . The album debuted at number four on the UK Albums Chart . It also debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 with first-week sales of 502,000 copies in the United States , marking Sade 's first number-one debut on the chart while also spending three weeks at the top of the chart . Upon its release , Soldier of Love received generally positive reviews from most music critics and won a Grammy Award for Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals . The band promoted the album with their first concert tour in ten years , Sade Live .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5c8dcd0713ac34a3b8c59d7a8ef87ba5", "text": "European Capital of Culture The European Capital of Culture is a city designated by the European Union for a period of one calendar year during which it organises a series of cultural events with a strong European dimension . Preparing a European Capital of Culture can be an opportunity for the city to generate considerable cultural , social and economic benefits and it can help foster urban regeneration , change the city 's image and raise its visibility and profile on an international scale . In 1985 , former actress Melina Mercouri , then Greece 's minister of culture , and her French counterpart Jack Lang came up with the idea of designating an annual Capital of Culture to bring Europeans closer together by highlighting the richness and diversity of European cultures and raising awareness of their common history and values . The Commission of the European Union manages the title and each year the Council of Ministers of the European Union formally designates European Capitals of Culture : more than 40 cities have been designated so far . An international panel of cultural experts is in charge of assessing the proposals of cities for the title according to criteria specified by the European Union . A 2004 study conducted for the European Commission , known as the `` Palmer report '' , demonstrated that the choice of European Capital of Culture served as a catalyst for the cultural development and the transformation of the city . Consequently , the beneficial socio-economic development and impact for the chosen city are now also considered in determining the chosen cities .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8bd531311de0a9b917ef90f4000cab42", "text": "My Love (Petula Clark song) `` My Love '' is a 1965 single release by Petula Clark which in early 1966 became an international hit , reaching # 1 in the US : the track continued Clark 's collaboration with songwriter and record producer Tony Hatch . In November 1965 Tony Hatch , on a flight from London to Los Angeles , was putting the finishing touches on his composition `` The Life and Soul of the Party '' which he planned to record with Clark in Los Angeles to serve as her next single . In casual conversation with the American sitting next to him Hatch was advised that this song 's title would be meaningless to the American public . Hatch then proceeded to write lyrics for a song whose title - `` My Love '' - could not conceivably present any comprehension issue : the lyrics were completed during the flight and Hatch completed the music soon after landing in Los Angeles . `` My Love '' was recorded at Western Studios and featured the backing of the Wrecking Crew . Petula Clark would recall : `` We recorded three songs on that session ... I liked the two other songs quite a lot , but I really did n't like ` My Love ' ... I thought it was a bit ordinary . I had got so used to these wonderful songs that Tony had been writing with all these different moods and I thought `` My Love '' was just a bit flat . '' Clark would describe her discouraging Warner Bros a & r man Joe Smith from issuing `` My Love '' as a single : `` he 's a very small man physically ... about the right height for me . I was able to get hold of his lapels , and I said to him , ` Joe , I do n't care which -LSB- of the three songs -RSB- you put out , but just do n't put out `` My Love '' . And he said : ` Trust me , baby . ' '' Smith did in fact okay the single release of `` My Love '' which would return Clark to the top of the US charts for the first time since her breakthrough success with `` Downtown '' , as `` My Love '' reached # 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 dated 5 February 1966 , making Clark the first British female to have two US # 1 hits . Also a # 1 hit in Canada , `` My Love '' returned Clark to the UK Top Ten for the first time since `` Downtown '' two years previous with a March 1966 peak of # 4 . '' In the UK the single earned a Silver disc for sales of 200,000 units . `` My Love '' also provided Clark with a hit in Australia ( # 4 ) , Finland ( # 18 ) , New Zealand ( # 6 ) , Rhodesia ( # 1 ) and South Africa ( # 6 ) and reached # 13 in both the Netherlands and the Dutch speaking region of Belgium . In Germany `` My Love '' became a hit first in its original English version ( # 13 ) and then again when rendered in German as `` Verzeih ' die dummen Tränen '' ( Forgive the foolish tears ) ( # 21 ) . Translated recordings by Clark also made `` My Love '' a hit in France and Italy , respectively as `` Mon amour '' ( # 12 ) and `` L'amore e il vento '' ( Love is the wind ) ( # 24 ) .", "title": "" } ]	fever
c459b0a51534665b7f143a7d61846766	Anaheim, California locates in Orange County.	[ { "docid": "28011f3236cfd6201c52d53345eaf2e1", "text": "Anaheim, California Anaheim ( pronounced -LSB- ˈænəhaɪm -RSB- ) is a city in Orange County , California , part of the Los Angeles metropolitan area . As of the 2010 United States Census , the city had a population of 336,265 , making it the most populous city in Orange County and the 10th most populous city in California . Anaheim is the second largest city in Orange County in terms of land area ( after Irvine ) and is known for its theme parks , the Anaheim Convention Center , and its two major sports teams : the Anaheim Ducks ice hockey club and the Angels baseball team . Anaheim was founded by fifty German families in 1857 and incorporated as the second city in Los Angeles County on March 18 , 1876 ; Orange County would later be split off from Los Angeles County in 1889 . Anaheim remained largely a rural community until Disneyland opened in the city in 1955 . This led to the construction of several hotels and motels around the area , and residential districts in Anaheim soon followed . The city also developed into an industrial center , producing electronics , aircraft parts and canned fruit . Anaheim 's city limits extend from Cypress in the west to the Riverside County line in the east and encompass a diverse collection of neighborhoods and communities . Anaheim Hills is a master-planned community located in the city 's eastern stretches that is home to many of the city 's affluent . Downtown Anaheim has three mixed-use historic districts , the largest of which is the Anaheim Colony . The Anaheim Resort , a commercial district , includes Disneyland , Disney California Adventure , and numerous hotels and retail complexes . The Platinum Triangle , a neo-urban redevelopment district surrounding Angel Stadium , is planned to be populated with mixed-use streets and high-rises . Anaheim Canyon is an industrial district north of California State Route 91 and east of California State Route 57 .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "d67d5c230314dce06cc69d673db38161", "text": "Lakewood, California Lakewood is a city in Los Angeles County , California , United States . The population was 80,048 at the 2010 census . It is bordered by Long Beach on the west and south , Bellflower on the north , Cerritos on the northeast , Cypress on the east , and Hawaiian Gardens on the southeast . Major thoroughfares include Lakewood ( SR 19 ) , Bellflower , and Del Amo Boulevards and Carson and South Streets . The San Gabriel River Freeway ( I-605 ) runs through the city 's eastern regions . Sometimes called `` an instant city '' because of its origins , going from lima bean fields in 1950 to a well-developed city by 1960 , Lakewood is a classic example of a post -- World War II American suburb .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7189b403bf2a5d136469e80999ac2811", "text": "Fullerton, California Fullerton is a city located in northern Orange County , California , United States . As of the 2010 census , the city had a total population of 135,161 . Fullerton was founded in 1887 . It secured the land on behalf of the Atchison , Topeka and Santa Fe Railway . Historically it was a center of agriculture , notably groves of Valencia oranges and other citrus crops ; petroleum extraction ; transportation ; and manufacturing . It is home to numerous higher educational institutions , particularly California State University , Fullerton and Fullerton College . From the mid-1940s through the late 1990s , Fullerton was home to a large industrial base made up of aerospace contractors , canneries , paper products manufacturers , and is considered to be the birthplace of the electric guitar , due in a large part to Leo Fender .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "66a91e8e226a207ad322727c15a58663", "text": "History of Newport Beach, California The recorded history of the Newport Beach , California , region began when the area was first explored by Europeans in the 1500s . Prior to that time , Native Americans such as the Tongva and Juaneño / Luiseño people had been living in the area for thousands of years . Explorer Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo mapped the coastline in 1542 , but it was 200 years before Europeans settled the area . In 1769 , Newport was a small portion of the land grant of Don José Antonio Yorba I , first under Spanish and then Mexican rule . After the Civil War , the land was developed by American settlers : for ranching by James Irvine and for shipping by James McFadden . A small settlement was built around McFaddens ' Wharf ( at the location where the Newport Pier is today ) and it became the largest business of Orange County , California . Following the opening of the San Pedro Harbor in Los Angeles in 1899 , the commercial shipping industry in Newport declined . Newport Beach developed into a tourist and recreational boating community . in August 1906 , Newport Beach became incorporated as a city .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eaddcf6f98513557ea972ec6a37b5c3d", "text": "Chinese enclaves in the San Gabriel Valley Chinese communities form a substantial portion of the population of the San Gabriel Valley . The region has achieved international prominence as a hub of overseas Chinese or hua qiao . Although Chinese immigrants were a noteworthy presence in the establishment of Southern California from the 19th century , significant Chinese migration to suburban San Gabriel Valley coincided with a trend of white out-migration from the 1970s onward . This opened an opportunity for well-educated and affluent Asian Americans to begin settling in the west San Gabriel Valley , primarily to Monterey Park . High property values and overcrowding in Monterey Park have contributed to a secondary movement away from that city , and the Chinese community is now spread over a cluster of cities in the west San Gabriel Valley . Suburban cities in the valley with large non-white populations , also called ethnoburbs , include Alhambra , Arcadia , Rosemead , San Marino , San Gabriel , South Pasadena , and Temple City and then eastward to Diamond Bar , Hacienda Heights , Rowland Heights , and Walnut . Numerous Mandarin - and Cantonese-speaking businesses have been established in these suburbs to accommodate the changing population .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0cf59bcde657b3789442a9538f01efaf", "text": "Orange Public Library The Orange Public Library is the free public library in Orange , in Essex County , New Jersey , United States . Serving a population of about 33,000 , the library collection contains 150,000 volumes and circulates 56,000 annually .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "17f5914161b2c55e7afff26c7637b2a5", "text": "OC Post The OC Post was a daily newspaper for Orange County , California , that existed from August 21 , 2006 to February 2008 . Chartered by Freedom Communications , who also own and operate the Orange County Register , it was an attempt to condense a standard newspaper into a more `` modern '' tabloid format . Unlike other new tabloid style newspapers throughout the US , the OC Post charged for its publication whether for home delivery or newsstand . The newsstand price was 25 cents , with yearly subscriptions available for $ 19.99 . The publisher occasionally gave out free 5-week `` sample subscriptions '' in selected neighborhoods , in order to build awareness of the newspaper . OC Post was charged with littering Orange County gated communities with unwanted copies of its paper scattered about in white plastic bags . It was reported that houses had many copies of the unwanted items , collected over several days , strewn about their yards and driveways , in spite of repeated requests to cease delivery . The publisher claimed that the number of paid subscriptions steadily increased since the product was launched . Production of the OC Post ended on February 9 , 2008 . It merged with the Irvine Daily News and is distributed exclusively in Irvine , California .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e6a5ce8821edef182fcd490e00816c5a", "text": "Alameda County, California Alameda County ( -LSB- ˌælə ` mi :d ə -RSB- ) is a county in the state of California in the United States . As of the 2010 census , the population was 1,510,271 , making it the 7th-most populous county in the state . Its county seat is Oakland . Alameda County is included in the San Francisco Bay Area , occupying much of the East Bay region .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7c85b2e9275e52f04c69c60c6d986e16", "text": "Los Angeles County Department of Public Works The Los Angeles County Department of Public Works ( LACDPW ) is responsible for the construction and operation of Los Angeles County 's roads , building safety , sewerage , and flood control . DPW also operates traffic signals and intelligent transportation systems , drinking water systems in certain communities , operates five airports , paratransit and fixed route public transport , administers various environment programs , issues various permits for activities in the public roadway , and has a Department Emergency Operations Center that works in conjunction with the County Emergency Operations Center operated by the Sheriff 's Department . The department is headquartered at 900 South Fremont Avenue in Alhambra , California . Services are provided primarily to the unincorporated county with some services provided to contract cities . Flood control and watershed management services are provided to all of the county except the Antelope Valley . The Department of Public Works is the largest municipal public works agency in the country , employs over 3,500 people , and has a budget in excess of one billion dollars . As part of its flood control and water supply responsibilities , the Department of Public Works has 15 major dams and 27 spreading grounds in the county . Pacoima Dam is one of the largest owned by Public Works and survived the Northridge earthquake in 1994 intact . Water from the dams is released into flood-control channels and some is diverted into spreading basins where it percolates into the ground and recharges the groundwater . The surface water is not used directly as it requires more cleaning than groundwater . Near the coast , the department has constructed sea water barriers that use injection wells to create a fresh water barrier to prevent salt water intrusion from the ocean into the groundwater . The DPW is a leader in watershed management . It provides storm drain education programs , publishes and enforces best management practices for activities that may affect the watershed , and manages watersheds to provide a balance between flood control , recreation , and protecting the natural environment .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d2a8e2cd1d8e70a07207eda5317314ab", "text": "California's 45th congressional district California 's 45th congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of California that is currently represented by . The district is based in Orange County and includes the communities of Irvine , Tustin , North Tustin , Villa Park , Orange , Anaheim Hills , Laguna Hills , Lake Forest , Rancho Santa Margarita and Mission Viejo . Former district From 2003 to 2013 , this district was based in Riverside County . The district included the communities of Palm Springs , Moreno Valley , Palm Desert , Hemet , Cathedral City , Temecula , Blythe , Rancho Mirage , Murrieta , Indio , Indian Wells , La Quinta , Cabazon , Anza , Thermal , Idyllwild , Coachella , and other unincorporated areas of Riverside County .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eaa80204a441cc8d9a2a0c63355889ec", "text": "Santa Ana Civic Center The Civic Center in Santa Ana is Orange County , California 's main center of government . The city of Santa Ana became the county seat of government in 1889 and continues to be the seat of government to this day . The architectural styles , both old and new found within the Civic Center and surrounding areas reflect its role as the county 's main seat of government . The city of Santa Ana was established in 1869 by William Spurgeon on 74.27 acre of land purchased from the old Spanish land grant , Rancho Santiago de Santa Ana . The County of Orange was formed in 1889 by William Spurgeon and James McFadden and Santa Ana was chosen as the county seat of government because of its larger growth as a town over surrounding towns namely Orange . The Old Orange County Courthouse was built in 1901 and thus the town blossomed into the county 's main economic and political center . The surrounding old town buildings then became what is now Santa Ana 's Historical Downtown .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8172459571c9c3e37cc1f7b13faf49e1", "text": "Orange County, Florida Orange County is a county in the state of Florida , in the United States . As of the 2010 census , the population was 1,145,956 , making it Florida 's fifth-most populous county . The county seat is Orlando . Orange County is the central county of the Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford , Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fdcc856837a2d841b7691587a46bf599", "text": "Orange City, Florida Orange City is a city in Volusia County , Florida , United States . As of the 2010 United States Census , the city had a population of 10,599 . It is a part of the Deltona -- Daytona Beach -- Ormond Beach metropolitan area , which was home to 590,289 people in 2010 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6918052d9d6513767fff3409f31a6a43", "text": "San Mateo County, California San Mateo County ( -LSB- ˌsæn_məˈteɪ . oʊ -RSB- ; Spanish for `` Saint Matthew '' ) is a county located in the U.S. state of California . As of the 2010 census , the population was 718,451 . The county seat is Redwood City . San Mateo County is included in the San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward , CA Metropolitan Statistical Area , and is part of the San Francisco Bay Area , the nine counties bordering San Francisco Bay . It covers most of the San Francisco Peninsula . San Francisco International Airport is located at the northern end of the county , and Silicon Valley begins at the southern end . The county 's built-up areas are mostly suburban with some areas being very urban , and are home to several corporate campuses .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e54c66c8040355e44c412d604a72290e", "text": "Orange County Employees Association The Orange County Employees Association ( OCEA ) , located in Santa Ana , California , is the largest independent public employee labor union in Orange County , representing about 18,000 employees . OCEA was founded in 1937 with the mission to advance the welfare and security of Orange County local government employees and their families . OCEA 's vision is to be a recognized leader among labor organizations by playing a vital role in the lives of local government employees and their families and providing a valuable resource relevant to their contemporary needs and interests .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "92969200e90e3c4db6b426c9551e4857", "text": "Little Saigon, Orange County Little Saigon in Orange County , California is the largest Little Saigon in the United States . Saigon is the former name of the capital of the former South Vietnam , where a large number of first-generation Vietnamese immigrants originate .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b69e05f3f5bcf7223f8770b9469f1c53", "text": "Pomona, California Pomona is a city in Los Angeles County , California , United States . Pomona is located in the Pomona Valley , between the Inland Empire and the San Gabriel Valley . As of the 2010 United States Census , the city 's population was 149,058 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c24cfa8306d05605666ddf064db94cd1", "text": "Riverside County Parks The Riverside County Regional Park and Open-Space District ( `` RivCoParks '' ; and commonly , Riverside County Parks ) is a special district operating in Riverside County , California . The District 's focus encompasses providing high-quality recreational opportunities and preserving important features of the County 's Natural , Cultural and Historical heritage .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7c4104a95c4cbbd66db89e84a9e76192", "text": "Signal Peak (Orange County, California) Signal Peak is the highest point in the San Joaquin Hills area of Orange County , California , United States . Its elevation is 1164 ft. The peak is visible in the southern sky in most of north Orange County , and from far southern Los Angeles County . Signal Peak overlooks the University of California , Irvine , to the north and Crystal Cove State Park to the south and southeast . It is the first and highest peak that one encounters traveling southbound on State Route 73 . It is a major two-way radio site for Orange County . Signal Peak also serves as a visual reporting checkpoint for incoming private aircraft from the south , inbound to land at John Wayne Airport .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e0b836bf279861a9fd47d261355f1ac5", "text": "Anaheim Ducks The Anaheim Ducks are a professional ice hockey team based in Anaheim , California . They are members of the Pacific Division of the Western Conference of the National Hockey League ( NHL ) . Since their inception , the Ducks have played their home games at the Honda Center . The club was founded in 1993 by The Walt Disney Company as the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim , a name based on the 1992 film The Mighty Ducks . Disney sold the franchise in 2005 to Henry and Susan Samueli , who along with General Manager Brian Burke , changed the name of the team to the Anaheim Ducks before the 2006 -- 07 season . The Ducks have made the playoffs 13 times and won six Pacific Division titles ( 2006 -- 07 , 2012 -- 13 , 2013 -- 14 , 2014 -- 15 , 2015 -- 16 , and 2016 -- 17 ) , two Western Conference championships ( 2002 -- 03 and 2006 -- 07 ) and one Stanley Cup ( 2006 -- 07 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fb980ec0a5a9ddb789aff0629048b68b", "text": "Orange County Parks and Recreation Orange County Parks and Recreation is the county park department in Orange County , Florida , United States . It maintains and operates a number of parks , multiuse trails , and community recreation centers .", "title": "" } ]	fever
6b150986a055d01fb035c234a9c73204	The 19th G7 summit included Canada.	[ { "docid": "10ff1ed90b6b8eb0909a18065f3ffcf5", "text": "19th G7 summit The 19th G7 Summit was held in Tokyo , Japan , on July 7 -- 9 , 1993 . The venue for the summit meetings was the State Guesthouse in Tokyo , Japan . The Group of Seven ( G7 ) was an unofficial forum which brought together the heads of the richest industrialized countries : France , Germany , Italy , Japan , the United Kingdom , the United States , Canada ( since 1976 ) and the President of the European Commission ( starting officially in 1981 ) . The summits were not meant to be linked formally with wider international institutions ; and in fact , a mild rebellion against the stiff formality of other international meetings was a part of the genesis of cooperation between France 's President Giscard d'Estaing and West Germany 's Chancellor Helmut Schmidt as they conceived the first Group of Six ( G6 ) summit in 1975 .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "02ed4dfe15eba51f0ae56a01b889d128", "text": "14th G7 summit The 14th G7 Summit was held in Toronto , Ontario , Canada between June 19 and 21 , 1988 . The venue for the summit meetings was the Metro Toronto Convention Centre in central Toronto . The Group of Seven ( G7 ) was an unofficial forum which brought together the heads of the richest industrialized countries : France , West Germany , Italy , Japan , the United Kingdom , the United States , Canada ( since 1976 ) and the President of the European Commission ( starting officially in 1981 ) . The summits were not meant to be linked formally with wider international institutions ; and in fact , a mild rebellion against the stiff formality of other international meetings was a part of the genesis of cooperation between France 's President Giscard d'Estaing and West Germany 's Chancellor Helmut Schmidt as they conceived the first Group of Six ( G6 ) summit in 1975 . Unlike the relatively low key summit at Château Montebello in 1981 , the Toronto summit was held under tight security with involvement of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police ( RCMP ) and Metro Toronto Police . Canada was the first member of the G7/G8 to host both this kind of Summit and an Olympic Games in the same calendar year . In February , Calgary , Alberta , hosted the 1988 Winter Olympics . Canada would do this again 22 years when they hosted the Winter Olympics in Vancouver , British Columbia and then the G8 Summit in Huntsville , Ontario .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a25272c53fd712efd4d535c008d313ee", "text": "Canada (band) Canada is an American indie folk-pop music group from Ann Arbor , Michigan . Its songs are generally acoustic and feature guitars , drums , cellos , glockenspiels , melodicas , rhodes piano , organ and accordions . The group is known for its group vocals and harmonies and energetic live shows where members switch instruments between songs . `` With a blend of pop , folk , and country , Canada keeps an even keel with amazing melodies and even more engaging instrumentation , never becoming tiresome or trite in its mission to craft the perfect pop song ... They have made what could very well be the best pop album to come out of the ever-fruitful Detroit music scene in 2006 , and considering the quality of the competition , that 's no small praise . '' The band , composed of long-time friends , formed in late 2004 and self-released the six song How Dare You EP in July 2005 . Soon after , they were approached by indie Michigan label Quite Scientific and soon signed with them to record a full length album . Recording took place during the fall and winter of 2005 in Lansing , Michigan on a soundboard originally used to mix portions of the second and third Star Wars films . The band released its first album , This Cursed House , in June 2006 . The album became the No. 1 most-added album in college radio for June 20 , 2006 , and later climbed to No. 13 on the CMJ Radio Top 200 ( CMJ New Music Report , Issue 971 ) . Canada proceeded to embark on a series of tours with friends Page France ( Suicide Squeeze ) , Saturday Looks Good To Me ( Polyvinyl ) Headlights ( Polyvinyl ) , and Margot and the Nuclear So and So 's . Joe , Ryan , and Aaron ( Shaul ) became brief members of Saturday Looks Good To Me during this time , playing bass , drums , and glockenspiel respectively . Ryan later became a more permanent member with the group and toured with them as their drummer during their 2007 US and European tours . Canada also performed at the 2006 Pygmalion Music Festival in Champaign-Urbana , the 2006/7/8 CMJ Music Marathon in New York City and SXSW 2006/7 in Austin . Canada embarked on its longest ( 8 week ) nationwide tour in the summer of 2007 . The band was prepping the release of their second full-length ( which would have been called Put Singing Birds Into Your Messy Hair ) , when creative , scheduling , and recording issues put a halt to production in late 2008 . The band currently has no plans to re-unite , despite several offers for reunion concerts in Southeastern Michigan , however their second record may become available digitally sometime in the future .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f06186a93e4d41fa73b3a0ebc5209e62", "text": "LGBT rights in Canada Lesbian , gay , bisexual , and transgender ( LGBT ) rights in Canada are some of the most advanced in the Americas and in the world . During the British North American era , same-sex sexual activity between men was a capital crime and resulted in the death penalty , however , there is no surviving record of any executions and political figures were reluctant to enforce the law . The death penalty was eventually repealed and a broader law involving gross indecency between men was often enforced in the late 19th century . During the early to mid 20th-century , the law often portrayed homosexual men as sex offenders until the infamous court case of Everett George Klippert , who admitted to having sex with multiple men , resulted in his life imprisonment . Same-sex sexual activity between consenting adults was soon decriminalized in 1969 as a result of legislation introduced in 1967 , with then-Justice Minister and Attorney General of Canada Pierre Trudeau ( who eventually became the 15th Prime Minister of Canada ) famously commenting , `` There 's no place for the state in the bedrooms of the nation . '' Although same-sex couples began being granted domestic partnerships similar to that of married opposite-sex couples , same-sex marriage was already legalized in eight of ten provinces and one of three territories beginning in 2003 . On July 20 , 2005 , Canada became the first country outside Europe and the fourth country in the world to legalize same-sex marriage nationwide after the enactment of the Civil Marriage Act . Same-sex adoption has also been legal in all provinces and territories under varying rules . Discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation in employment , housing , and public and private accommodations is banned nationwide whilst discrimination on the basis of gender identity and expression vary by province and territory . Transgender people are allowed to change their legal gender in all provinces and territories under varying rules . Under section 159 of the Criminal Code the age of consent for anal sex is currently unequal at 18 for both homosexuals and heterosexuals whilst oral sex and vaginal sex remains at 16 , which has been found discriminatory by many political figures , publications , provincial and federal courts . On November 15 , 2016 , the Minister of Justice , Jody Wilson-Raybould , introduced a bill to repeal section 159 of the Criminal Code . Canada has frequently been referred to as one of the most gay-friendly countries in the world , with Canada 's largest cities Toronto , Montreal , Vancouver and Ottawa featuring their own gay villages and being named among the most gay-friendly cities in the world . Recent polls have indicated that a large majority of Canadians support same-sex marriage .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a47adf4b874b10b9c19a236a7237e100", "text": "Quebec Conference Quebec Conference refers to one of several different meetings by the same name that were held in Quebec City , Quebec , Canada : The Quebec Conference , 1864 , the second conference to discuss Canada 's confederation , which was finally accomplished three years later . It was here that the 72 Resolutions were drafted The Quebec Conference , 1943 , a top-level meetings between the United States and Britain , with Canada as host , to plan strategy in 1944 . It also resulted in the Quebec Agreement to share nuclear technology The Second Quebec Conference , held in 1944 . Only the United States and the United Kingdom were represented . Most known for the agreement on , and signing of , the Morgenthau plan The Quebec City Summit of the Americas , in 2001 , which discussed the Free Trade Area of the Americas ; these were targeted by massive anti-globalization protests", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1f229172c026b6ec09a23cfef736716f", "text": "Canada at the 1976 Summer Olympics Canada was the host nation for the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal . 385 competitors , 261 men and 124 women , took part in 173 events in 23 sports . For the first and , so far , only time in Summer Olympics history , the host nation failed to obtain a gold medal .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0a856ab6217bf05b0237188e990c3bb4", "text": "Financial Stability Forum The Financial Stability Forum ( FSF ) was a group consisting of major national financial authorities such as finance ministries , central bankers , and international financial bodies . The Forum was founded in 1999 to promote international financial stability . Its founding resulted from discussions among Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors of the G7 countries , and a study which they commissioned . The Forum facilitated discussion and co-operation on supervision and surveillance of financial institutions , transactions and events . FSF was managed by a small secretariat housed at the Bank for International Settlements in Basel , Switzerland . The FSF membership included about a dozen nations who participate through their central banks , financial ministries and departments , and securities regulators , including : the United States , Japan , Germany , the United Kingdom , France , Italy , Canada , Australia , the Netherlands and several other industrialized economies as well as several international economic organizations . At the G20 summit on November 15 , 2008 it was agreed that the membership of the FSF will be expanded to include emerging economies , such as China . The 2009 G-20 London summit decided to establish a successor to the FSF , the Financial Stability Board . The FSB includes members of the G20 who were not members of FSF .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8ca78c58c3213311aa608a75e6ddbf98", "text": "Confederation Boulevard Confederation Boulevard ( Boulevard de la Confédération ) is a `` ceremonial and discovery route '' in Canada 's National Capital Region , running through Parliament Hill and encompassing downtown areas in Ottawa and Gatineau . Some of Canada 's most important institutions and landmarks lie along its route . During state visits , Confederation Boulevard is toured by foreign dignitaries . On Canada Day , much of Confederation Boulevard is closed to cars . Confederation Boulevard is an initiative of the National Capital Commission ( NCC ) . The route 's name commemorates Canadian Confederation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "de3f484456fda71a5f4dd5c09fae2c5e", "text": "Arctic policy of Canada The Arctic policy of Canada includes both the foreign policy of Canada in regard to the Arctic region and Canada 's domestic policy towards its Arctic territories . This includes the devolution of powers to the territories . Canada 's Arctic policy includes the plans and provisions of these regional governments . It encompasses the exercise of sovereignty , social and economic development , the protection of the environment , and the improving and devolving of governance . Canada , along with the 7 other Arctic nations , is a member of the Arctic Council . On August 23 , 2012 , Prime Minister Stephen Harper announced that Nunavut MP Leona Aglukkaq would serve as chair of the Arctic Council when Canada assumed the Chairmanship from Sweden in May 2013 . Along with its mainland in the upper regions of North America , Canada claims sovereignty over the related continental shelf and the Arctic Archipelago . It considers the waters between the islands of the Archipelago to be Canadian Internal Waters . The United States considers those to be international waters . Canada has more Arctic land mass than any other country . This land is included within the administrative regions of the Northwest Territories , Nunavut , and Yukon . As of 2011 , approximately 107,265 Canadians live in the Arctic .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8d5b850bbc98d326d4ff651b9bc5d8b3", "text": "Human Resources Development Canada The Department of Human Resources Development , also referred to as Human Resources Development Canada ( HRDC ) , is a former department of the Government of Canada . It held responsibility for a wide portfolio of social services . HRDC was created in 1993 by Prime Minister Kim Campbell 's government in an attempt to decrease the size of the federal cabinet by grouping several departments with similar responsibilities . In the case of HRDC , the former Department of Employment and Immigration formed its nucleus . HRDC 's creation was probably the most enduring decision taken by Campbell 's short-lived administration . The new department , however was poorly focused and had a wide range of institutional cultures from the merged bureaucracies ; it also had one of the larger departmental budgets and a variety of responsibilities ranging from the Unemployment Insurance program to the issuance of Social Insurance Numbers and job training and counselling . In the late 1990s , HRDC gained public headlines across Canada following numerous poorly thought procurements , notably dozens of server computers using the Unix operating system , this despite the fact that the purchase far exceeded the department 's computing requirements . Other problems relating to several incompatible email systems made HRDC a scapegoat for attacks on the government by opposition parties . In 2000 , HRDC 's poor accounting practices were made infamous by the Canadian Alliance when it was claimed that approximately $ 1 billion ( CAD ) in employment grants could not be accounted for . Peter Donolo later claimed that this scandal was `` phony '' and the true amount unaccounted for was $ 85,000 HRDC was based at a government office facility at Place du Portage IV in Gatineau ( formerly downtown Hull , Quebec ) . HRDC was dissolved in a December 2003 government reorganization which saw two departments , the Department of Social Development and the Department of Human Resources and Skills Development created in its place . The two departments were re-amalgamated on February 6 , 2006 , though now named Human Resources and Skills Development Canada .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "28445d0b7a18010e7c1d05d4d6c20d3a", "text": "Provinces and territories of Canada Canada 's geography is divided into administrative divisions known as provinces and territories that are responsible for delivery of sub-national governance . When Canada was formed in 1867 , three provinces of British North America -- New Brunswick , Nova Scotia and the Province of Canada ( which , on the formation of Canada , was divided into Ontario and Quebec ) -- were united to form a federated colony , which eventually became a sovereign nation in the next century . Over its history , Canada 's international borders have changed several times , and the country has grown from the original four provinces to the current ten provinces and three territories . The ten provinces are Alberta , British Columbia , Manitoba , New Brunswick , Newfoundland and Labrador , Nova Scotia , Ontario , Prince Edward Island , Quebec , and Saskatchewan . Several of the provinces were former British colonies , and Quebec was originally a French colony , while others were added as Canada grew . The three territories are Northwest Territories , Nunavut , and Yukon , which govern the rest of the area of the former British North America . Together , the provinces and territories make up the world 's second-largest country by area . The major difference between a Canadian province and a territory is that provinces receive their power and authority from the Constitution Act , 1867 ( formerly called the British North America Act , 1867 ) , whereas territorial governments have powers delegated to them by the Parliament of Canada . The powers flowing from the Constitution Act are divided between the federal government and the provincial governments to exercise exclusively . A change to the division of powers between the federal government and the provinces requires a constitutional amendment , whereas a similar change affecting the territories can be performed unilaterally by the Parliament of Canada or government . In modern Canadian constitutional theory , the provinces are considered to be co-sovereign divisions and each province has its own `` Crown '' represented by the lieutenant governor . The territories are not sovereign , but simply part of the federal realm , and have a commissioner who represents the federal government . __ TOC __", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9d7aa008fb966066a168d31b00988395", "text": "2009 Strasbourg–Kehl summit The 2009 Strasbourg -- Kehl Summit was a NATO summit of heads of state and heads of government held in Strasbourg , France , and in Kehl and Baden-Baden , Germany , on 3 -- 4 April 2009 . The summit marked the 60th anniversary of the establishment of North Atlantic Treaty Organization ( NATO ) . Expected to be primarily a celebratory 60th-anniversary event , the agenda included a number of urgent topics commanding the NATO leaders ' attention .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a1b37c755a96da681a8e299c3dff6c45", "text": "List of municipalities in Saskatchewan Saskatchewan is the sixth-most populous province in Canada with 1,098,352 residents as of 2016 and is the fifth-largest in land area at 588244 km2 . In 2011 , Saskatchewan 's 786 municipalities covered of the province 's land mass and were home to of its population . On December 31 , 2013 , this total was reduced to 782 when Antler , Gladmar , Ruthilda and Shackleton all dissolved from village status . It was further reduced to 779 after the dissolutions of Elstow ( effective December 16 , 2014 ) , Rabbit Lake ( effective October 30 , 2015 ) and Primate ( effective December 31 , 2015 ) . These 779 municipalities are local government `` creatures of provincial jurisdiction '' with natural persons power . One of the key purposes of Saskatchewan 's municipalities are `` to provide services , facilities and other things that , in the opinion of council , are necessary or desirable for all or a part of the municipality '' . Other purposes are to : `` provide good government '' ; `` develop and maintain a safe and viable community '' ; `` foster economic , social and environmental well-being '' and `` provide wise stewardship of public assets . '' The Government of Saskatchewan 's Ministry of Municipal Relations recognizes three general types of municipalities and seven sub-types -- urban municipalities ( cities , towns , villages and resort villages ) , rural municipalities and northern municipalities ( northern towns , northern villages and northern hamlets ) . Cities are formed under the provincial authority of The Cities Act , which was enacted in 2002 . Towns , villages , resort villages and rural municipalities are formed under the authority of The Municipalities Act , enacted in 2005 . The three sub-types of northern municipalities are formed under the authority of The Northern Municipalities Act , enacted in 2010 . As provincial laws , these three acts were passed by the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan with royal assent granted by the Lieutenant Governor . Of Saskatchewan 's 779 municipalities , 459 of them are urban municipalities ( 16 cities , 147 towns , 256 villages and 40 resort villages ) , 296 are rural municipalities and 24 are northern municipalities ( 2 northern towns , 11 northern villages and 11 northern hamlets ) . The Cities Act , The Municipalities Act and The Northern Municipalities Act stipulate governance of these municipalities . Saskatchewan 's Ministry of Municipal Relations is responsible for providing provincial programs and services to municipalities . In 2011 , just over of Saskatchewan 's population resided in its two largest cities . Saskatoon , the largest city , is home to of the province 's population ( 222,189 residents ) , while Regina , Saskatchewan 's capital city , is home to ( 193,100 residents ) . The villages of Dafoe , Keeler , Krydor and Valparaiso are all tied as Saskatchewan 's smallest municipalities by population with 15 people each . The largest municipality by land area is the Rural Municipality of Hudson Bay No. 394 at 12463 km2 , while the smallest by land area are the resort villages of Etters Beach and Pelican Pointe at 0.12 km2 each .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fbef9f5d6eb2383f9a6439ee8b8832a2", "text": "Canadian Club of Toronto The Canadian Club of Toronto is a club in Toronto which meets several times a month to hear lunchtime speeches given by invited guests from the fields of politics , law , business , the arts , the media , and other prominent fields . In the days before radio and television , the Club provided a chance for influential Torontonians to have contact with Canadian and international leaders in a variety of fields . Even today , the club manages to attract notable speakers . Some examples of speakers to address the club since the year 2000 include Paul Martin , Stephen Harper , Vladimir Putin , Paul Bremer , Bob Rae , Michael Dell , Jean Charest , John de Chastelain , Ted Rogers , Roy McMurtry , Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo , Margaret Atwood , Karen Kain , Ralph Klein , David Frum , Pamela Wallin , John Manley , Beverley McLachlin , Dalton McGuinty , Belinda Stronach , David Dodge , Pinball Clemons , Gordon Campbell , Louise Arbour , Adrienne Clarkson , Donovan Bailey , Anne Mulcahy , and Jack Layton . The Canadian Club has long had a role in Canadian life as an opinion-formation vehicle for some of Toronto 's most prominent citizens . The Canadian Club of Toronto was founded in 1897 by a Hamilton journalist . Speeches were initially given in the evening , but starting in 1899 , the club moved to its present lunchtime format . In 1903 , several members of the Canadian Club , concerned that the club was not sufficiently opposed to the wave of anti-British sentiment being expressed in the wake of the Alaskan Boundary Tribunal decision , left the Canadian Club to found the more pro-British Empire Club of Canada . As of 2010 , the Canadian Club 's luncheons are normally held on Mondays in the Fairmont Royal York Hotel . As noted on their website : `` The Canadian Club is not-for-profit and holds no political or religious affiliations . There are currently forty Canadian Clubs in various cities around Canada . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3bd4be0b21bf571913e73f3983f74fcb", "text": "Ray Hnatyshyn Ramon John Hnatyshyn ( -LSB- nəˈtɪʃən -RSB- March 16 , 1934December 18 , 2002 ) , commonly known as Ray Hnatyshyn , was a Canadian politician and statesman who served as Governor General of Canada , the 24th since Canadian Confederation . Hnatyshyn was born and educated in Saskatchewan and served in the Royal Canadian Air Cadets prior to being elected to the House of Commons in 1974 , whereafter he served as a minister of the Crown in two non-successive governments until 1988 . He was in 1989 appointed as governor general by Queen Elizabeth II , on the recommendation of Prime Minister of Canada Brian Mulroney , to replace Jeanne Mathilde Sauvé as viceroy , and he occupied the post until succeeded by Roméo LeBlanc in 1995 . As the Queen 's representative , Hnatyshyn proved to be a populist , reversing some exclusive policies of his predecessor , such as opening up Rideau Hall to ordinary Canadians and tourists alike , and was praised for raising the stature of Ukrainian Canadians . On June 4 , 1979 , Hnatyshyn was sworn into the Queen 's Privy Council for Canada , giving him the accordant style of The Honourable ; however , as a former Governor General of Canada , Hnatyshyn was entitled to be styled for life with the superior form of The Right Honourable . He subsequently practised law and sat as Chancellor of Carleton University before dying of pancreatitis on December 18 , 2002 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c0a07777584d7dd038abd7bf861d24be", "text": "19th SAARC summit The 19th SAARC summit is a scheduled diplomatic conference , which was originally planned to be held in Islamabad , Pakistan on 15 -- 16 November 2016 . The summit was to be attended by the leaders of the eight SAARC member states and representatives of observers and guest states . Following the rising diplomatic tensions after the Uri terrorist attack , India announced its boycott of the summit , alleging Pakistan 's involvement in the attack . Later , Bangladesh , Afghanistan and Bhutan also pulled out of the summit . culminating in an indefinite postponement of the summit .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "024fc266cf4f54231d8bd9ff2043ead8", "text": "Africa–Canada relations Canada -- Africa relations are relations between Canada and the peoples and countries of the African continent .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cb00a87db31224a403521a9ed5d33ed1", "text": "Quebec Resolutions The Quebec Resolutions , also known as the seventy-two resolutions , were a group of statements written at the Quebec Conference of 1864 , which laid out the framework for the Canadian Constitution . They were adopted by the majority of the provinces of Canada , and became the basis for the London Conference of 1866 . Some of the major points that were addressed in the resolutions are as follows : Canada will have a strong central government ( federal government ) , the central government is to be responsible for the legislation of peace , order and good government , provinces will have defined powers and will be accountable for handling local affairs and social and cultural issues , the United Province of Canada ( as they called it ) , will be split into Quebec and Ontario , a federal government will be composed of two law making houses . These are just five of the important acts used to construct Canada as it is today .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "71d6da1834f407bf13686e741b70c0dc", "text": "List of elections in the Province of Canada The Province of Canada was the union of Canada West ( formerly Upper Canada and later Ontario ) and Canada East ( formerly Lower Canada and later Quebec ) . The Province of Canada held 8 unique elections from 1841 to 1863 before Confederation . While party lines were somewhat blurred , there were political parties . There are many examples of groups of MPs going against the party line , or splitting a party into two . A good example of this is when a number of Liberal MPs supported John A. Macdonald , a Conservative , and his idea for Canadian Confederation , many other Liberal Party members were opposed to Confederation . After the establishment of the double majority principle , any bill , in order to be passed , needed a majority of MPs from both Canada West and Canada East . This sometimes led to coalitions between Ontario Liberals and Quebec Tories , or vice versa . The elections listed below are divided into `` Left '' or `` Reformer '' camps , and `` Right '' or `` Conservative '' camps .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cb4b71413bf6ad6189fb33fc000aec14", "text": "Floorball Canada Floorball Canada is the highest governing body for the sport of floorball in Canada . Floorball Canada is a self-governed organization which is recognized by the Government of Canada , Sport Canada , and the Canadian Olympic Committee . Floorball Canada organizes the Canadian Floorball Championships , Canada 's elite-level national league ( Canadian Floorball League ) as well as the men 's , women 's , men 's under-19 , and women 's under-19 national floorball teams . So far , three men 's teams , one women 's team , and a men 's under-19 have been sent to take part in the World Floorball Championships . Floorball Canada will be hosting the 2016 Women 's under-19 World Championships , to be held in Belleville , Ontario .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "37e6f1c63e2008f04b32247cfcfafd6f", "text": "Foreign policy of the Stephen Harper government The Conservative Party Government of Canada led by Prime Minister Stephen Harper moved away from the multilateral and internationalist policies of the Liberal Party , and reduced Canada 's emphasis on the United Nations , which was seen as dominated by corrupt dictatorships . In parallel , Harper sought to strengthen cooperation with the US , particularly in the era of mass terrorism and instability . As part of this policy , his government continued and expanded Canada 's participation in the US-led anti-terror campaign in Afghanistan , which began following al Qaida 's mass attacks on September 11 , 2001 , and in the Iraq conflict that began under President George W. Bush in March 2003 . In addition , under the Harper governments and through the actions of Foreign Affairs Ministers Peter MacKay and John Baird , Canada developed a leadership position in developing a principled alternative to the United Nations , involving the participation of the world 's open and democratic countries .", "title": "" } ]	fever
1cc820a496f18f4d7124f0e9b26df655	Music Bank (TV series) has been hosted by a South Korean actress born in 1981.	[ { "docid": "776b0adab1ab4f70808436ac4f32f4e5", "text": "Music Bank (TV series) Music Bank is a South Korean music program which airs every Friday at 17:00 KST on KBS2 . As of 2015 , the show is also broadcast in more than a hundred countries through KBS World . Episodes are filmed at the KBS New Wing Open Hall in Yeouido-dong , Yeongdeungpo-gu . The show also organizes the global live concert Music Bank World Tour . Since November 2016 , it is hosted by Lee Seo-won and Laboum 's Solbin . Past hosts include Song Hye-kyo , Rain , Ji Sung , Song Joong-ki , Uee , Yoon Bo-ra , Park Seo-joon , Irene , and Park Bo-gum .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6413578fe1ae2b054c43bc0adf9afad8", "text": "Song Hye-kyo Song Hye-kyo ( born November 22 , 1981 ) is a South Korean actress . She gained popularity through her leading roles in television dramas Autumn in My Heart ( 2000 ) , All In ( 2003 ) , Full House ( 2004 ) , That Winter , the Wind Blows ( 2013 ) and Descendants of the Sun ( 2016 ) which achieved pan-Asia success . The success of Song 's television dramas internationally established her as a top Hallyu star . She has also starred in films Hwang Jin Yi ( 2007 ) , The Grandmaster ( 2013 ) , My Brilliant Life ( 2014 ) and The Queens ( 2015 ) . In 2017 , she ranked 7th in Forbes magazine 's Korea Power Celebrity list . The success of Song 's television dramas internationally established her as a top Hallyu star .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "e62f443b289b53560cf1ff6d897f5132", "text": "Kim Bo-ra Kim Bo-ra ( born September 28 , 1995 ) is a South Korean actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ad2f328d6d258c1713d7e7b4045f2514", "text": "Park Ha-na Park Ha-na ( born July 25 , 1985 ) is a South Korean actress . Park made her entertainment debut in 2003 as a member of the idol group FUNNY . Since then , she has turned to acting and was in the lead role in Apgujeong Midnight Sun ( 2014 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b91b6037ac3fa70986894c345c733cb4", "text": "Kim Na-young (television personality) Kim Na-young ( ; born December 8 , 1981 ) is a South Korean television personality , comedian , and fashionista . She was a cast member in the variety show We Got Married .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7dbf3f57920202654f3d6440f4a0865e", "text": "Kim Hye-ok Kim Hye-ok ( born May 9 , 1958 ) is a South Korean actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0285f5e50844634fc1d812b016330b7f", "text": "Bong Tae-gyu Bong Tae-gyu ( born 19 May 1981 ) is a South Korean actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5aa744d1f6e4f15e6ac0189e9dbe8295", "text": "Hyomin Park Sun-young ( born May 30 , 1989 ) , better known by her stage name Hyomin , is a South Korean singer , songwriter and actress . She is a member of South Korean girl group T-ara .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1177c9827e96d069e54a53dccd3ecf27", "text": "Kim Su-an Kim Su-an ( ; born January 26 , 2006 ) is a South Korean actress . She is known for her role as Su-an on the film Train to Busan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "251d641eb45b8e57f7def68df2ec965c", "text": "WoongSan WoongSan ( born Kim Eun Young ) is an award-winning South Korean musician , actress and TV show host . She has been a leading figure in the jazz music scene in Korea and Japan for over a decade , having performed live over 500 times since her 1998 Japanese debut . She is the first Korean-born musician to perform at New York City 's historic Blue Note Jazz Club and has collaborated with many other well-known jazz musicians including Benny Green , Lonnie Plaxico , Rodney Green , Conrad Herwig and Suzuki Hisatsugu . She is also well known for training Ali ( South Korean singer ) , a popular K-pop singer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b0b029c665d9d434a8405e34414bd6b3", "text": "Music on Top Music On Top ( Korean : 뮤직온탑 ) was a South Korean music television program broadcast by JTBC . It airs live every Wednesday at 6:20 PM KST . It is currently hosted by Yoon Doo-joon of B2ST and actor Lee Hyun-woo . The show was put on hiatus after the March 14 , 2012 episode , but it reported to be coming back in at some indefinite date in the future ; this was a factor of having consistent low ratings ( similar to the demise of shows of like format such as Channel A ( Korea ) 's `` K-Pop Con '' and Maeil Broadcasting Network 's `` Show ! K Music '' . )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "02cfd97d239c27edf83184ab9e5ede37", "text": "Kim San-ho Kim San-ho ( born February 12 , 1982 ) is a South Korean actor . Kim is best known in musical theatre , having starred in Korean stage productions of Grease , The Fantasticks and the Kim Kwang-seok jukebox musical The Days . On television , he has also appeared in the drama Love , My Love and several seasons of the sitcom Rude Miss Young-ae .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aaa0db59809a49e3821d9f9f6b302261", "text": "Yoo Ho-jeong Yoo Ho-jeong ( born January 24 , 1969 ) is a South Korean actress . She made her acting debut in 1991 and has been starring in television and film since . Roles include a divorcee whose husband lives next door in daily drama Definitely Neighbors ( 2010 ) , and the grown-up protagonist in box office hit Sunny ( 2011 ) . In 2013 , Yoo became the host of her first ever variety show , the healthy food and lifestyle program Olive Show on cable channel O'live TV .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b8b1aa5fe0c4d3af709ceebe305e9d16", "text": "Kim So-hye Kim So-hye ( born July 19 , 1999 ) is a South Korean idol singer and actress signed under S&P Entertainment . She is best known for finishing fifth in Mnet 's K-pop girl group survival show Produce 101 and for being a member of girl group I.O.I.", "title": "" }, { "docid": "684b1b833a56733d5c1afdb1bb4a75b4", "text": "Kim Sun-a Kim Sun-A ( born October 1 , 1975 ) is a South Korean actress . She is best known for her titular role as Kim Sam-soon in the popular television series My Lovely Sam Soon ( 2005 ) . Other notable series include City Hall ( 2009 ) and Scent of a Woman ( 2011 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e0a59526ec76874b314f848583085bee", "text": "Jang Jae-in Jang Jae-in ( Hangul : 장재인 , born June 6 , 1991 ) , also known as Jang Jane , is a South Korean singer-songwriter who finished third in the second season of South Korean reality television series Superstar K . She is currently signed to Mystic89 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f73e9d83d8c2dcf8b8520dbfb96de90b", "text": "Korea's Got Talent (season 2) Korea 's Got Talent is a South Korean reality television show that was first broadcast in 2012 on tvN . The show is based on the Got Talent series format , originating with Britain 's Got Talent . This is the show 's second and final series . The judges are Kolleen Park , Jang Jin and Jang Hang-Jun .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "27223573e395f20966e8b9c84660eb54", "text": "Yeon Min-ji Lee Min-ji ( born May 14 , 1984 ) , better known as stage name Yeon Min-ji , is a South Korean actress and singer . She is also active in Japanese entertainment under the mononym .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9731e71a57d20ed607c9a3372dd6280b", "text": "Park Mi-sun Park Mi-sun ( born March 10 , 1967 ) is a South Korean comedian and TV host of variety shows , notably Quiz to Change the World , Happy Together - Season 3 , and We Got Married . She also starred in the sitcoms Soonpoong Clinic , Tae-hee , Hye-kyo , Ji-hyun , and All My Love .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "476d847a4e380a4beff1bceed2fe8c0e", "text": "Li Xiang (host) Li Xiang ( ; born 11 February 1976 ) is a Chinese actress , host and singer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c74ff415e3be0bc5f881a82d793576a8", "text": "Song Ji-hyo Cheon Soo-yeon ( born Cheon Seong-im ; born August 15 , 1981 ) , better known by her stage name Song Ji-hyo , is a South Korean actress and model . She made her acting debut in Wishing Stairs ( 2003 ) , one of Whispering Corridors film series . She then received further recognition for her roles in Princess Hours ( 2006 ) , Jumong ( 2007 ) , A Frozen Flower ( 2008 ) , New World ( 2013 ) , Emergency Couple ( 2014 ) , and My Wife 's Having an Affair this Week ( 2016 ) . Besides acting , Song is also known for being one of the members of the South Korean variety show Running Man .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1ead043327f5e8e7236ba35ab6054ae8", "text": "Go Soo-hee Go Soo-hee ( born July 18 , 1976 ) is a South Korean actress of both television and film .", "title": "" } ]	fever
ac874d4874d29ffc203ca9b4b9e007b7	On October 16th, 1793, Marie Antoinette died.	[ { "docid": "71fe19d2a86727ef7516a12a1b530e7b", "text": "Marie Antoinette Marie Antoinette ( -LSB- ˈmæriˌæntwəˈnɛt -RSB- , -LSB- ˌɑ̃ːntwə - -RSB- , -LSB- ˌɑ̃ːtwə - -RSB- , -LSB- məˈriː - -RSB- -LSB- maʁi ɑ̃twanɛt -RSB- ; born Maria Antonia Josepha Johanna ( 2 November 1755 -- 16 October 1793 ) was the last Queen of France and Navarre before the French Revolution . She was born an Archduchess of Austria , and was the fifteenth and second youngest child of Empress Maria Theresa and Francis I , Holy Roman Emperor . In April 1770 , upon her marriage to Louis-Auguste , heir apparent to the French throne , she became Dauphine of France . On 10 May 1774 , when her husband ascended the throne as Louis XVI , she became Queen of France and Navarre , a title she held until September 1791 , when , as the French Revolution proceeded , she became Queen of the French , a title she held until 21 September 1792 . After eight years of marriage , Marie Antoinette gave birth to a daughter , Marie-Thérèse Charlotte , the first of her four children . Despite her initial popularity , a growing number of the population eventually came to dislike her , accusing her of being profligate , promiscuous , and of harbouring sympathies for France 's enemies , particularly her native Austria . The Diamond Necklace affair damaged her reputation further . During the Revolution , she became known as Madame Déficit because the country 's financial crisis was blamed on her lavish spending and her opposition to the social and financial reforms of Turgot and Necker . During the Revolution , after the government had placed the royal family under house arrest in the Tuileries Palace in October 1789 , several events linked to Marie Antoinette , in particular the June 1791 attempted flight to Varennes and her role in the War of the First Coalition , had disastrous effects on French popular opinion . On 10 August 1792 , the attack on the Tuileries forced the royal family to take refuge at the Assembly , and on 13 August the family was imprisoned in the Temple . On 21 September 1792 , the monarchy was abolished . After a two-day trial begun on 14 October 1793 , Marie Antoinette was convicted by the Revolutionary Tribunal of high treason and executed by guillotine on the Place de la Révolution on 16 October 1793 .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "774e55b0e5b4cee95269f24d04a73067", "text": "The Royal Palace (Bucharest) The Royal Palace in Bucharest is a monumental building situated in Bucharest , on Calea Victoriei . The large place in front of it was traditionally called `` Piața Palatului '' ( The Palace 's Place ) , but was renamed `` Piața Revoluției '' ( `` Revolution 's Square '' ) after the Romanian Revolution of 1989 . The Palace is the largest and most significant Royal residence in Romania , containing emblematic official spaces such as the Throne Hall ( Sala Tronului ) , the Royal Dining Hall ( Sufrageria Regală ) and the monumental Voivodes ' Staircase ( Scara Voievozilor ) . During World War II , a complete rebuild of the Palace 's Place was planned , in order to underline the Royal Palace 's full monumentality , but this architectural project was never completed . On December 30th , 1947 , a sudden Communist coup d'etat supported by the Soviet military ( that occupied Romania after the end of WWII ) forced HM King Michael I to sign an unconstitutional act of abdication and go in exile for 50 years . Romanian people was never consulted via a referendum . The Romanian Popular Republic was proclaimed the same evening , during a rigged Parliament assembly . After the installation of the Republican regime , the National Museum of Art of Romania was hosted in the Royal Palace . After the Romanian Revolution , HM King Michael and HM Queen Anne were allowed for a first visit in the country in April 1992 ( despite their attempts to do that immediately after the events ) . The two-day visit was a historical event , the press reporting more than one million people warmly greeting the King in the streets . After that , the Romanian post-Communist authorities denied him a second visit until 1997 , when a newly-installed government under Victor Ciorbea abolished the Communist decree that banned the King 's Romanian citizenship , effectively allowing him to regain ID documents and permanently move in the country . Since then , the Romanian Royal Family does regular public activities for Romania 's official representation worldwide . Since the Royal Palace presently hosts a museum , the Romanian Royal Family ( HM King Michael , HRH Crown Princess Margareta and the other members ) now uses Elisabeta Palace as its official residence in Bucharest .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e6f6e39328793ba9a52142cf06fa0685", "text": "Princess Thérèse of France Thérèse de France , ( Marie Thérèse Félicité ; 16 May 1736 -- 28 September 1744 ) was a French Princesse du Sang .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eb5e330db2ccf59809329e02a534845a", "text": "Caroline Lacroix Blanche Zélia Joséphine Delacroix , better known as Caroline Lacroix ( 13 May 1883 -- 12 February 1948 ) was the most prominent and notorious of Leopold II of Belgium 's mistresses . Delacroix , who was of French origin , met the king in Paris as a young girl , when she was only 16 and he was 65 . At that time , she earned her living as a prostitute . They soon embarked upon a relationship that was to last until his death in 1909 . Leopold lavished upon her large sums of money , estates , gifts , and a noble title , Baroness Vaughan . Because of these presents , Caroline was deeply unpopular both among the Belgian people and internationally , as Leopold became increasingly criticized for his greed-induced actions in the Congo Free State , his own personal colony . As Caroline largely profited off the income from the colony , she became known as La reine du Congo ( `` the Queen of Congo '' ) . She and Leopold married in a religious ceremony five days before his death , though their failure to perform a civil ceremony rendered the marriage void under Belgian law . After the king 's death , it was soon discovered that he had left Caroline numerous properties , items of high material value , Congolese bonds , and other valuable sources of income -- all of which turned her into a multimillionaire . For years the Belgian government and Leopold 's three estranged daughters attempted to recover some of this wealth , with their success varying depending on the case . Caroline died on 12 February 1948 in Cambo-les-Bains , France .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c9872458e6f555898840bee6a4f94604", "text": "Armand de Pontmartin Armand Augustin Joseph Marie Ferrard , Comte de Pontmartin ( 1811-1890 ) , French critic and man of letters , was born at Avignon ( Vaucluse ) on 16 July 1811 . Imbued by family tradition with legitimist sympathies , he began by attacking the followers of the encyclopaedists and their successors . In the Assemblée nationale he published his Causeries litteraires , a series of attacks on prominent Liberals , which created some sensation . Pontmartin was an indefatigable journalist , and most of his papers were eventually published in volume form : Contes et reveries d'un planteur de choux ( 1845 ) ; Causeries du samedi ( 1857-1860 ) ; Nouveaux samedis ( 1865-1881 ) , & c . But the most famous of all his books is Les Jeudis de Mme. Charbonneau ( 1862 ) , which under the form of a novel offered a series of malicious and witty portraits of contemporary writers . Pontmartin died at Avignon on 29 March 1890 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aaf4600b8b3c1bc4af11ffcc72682e62", "text": "Luxembourg Palace The Luxembourg Palace ( Palais du Luxembourg , -LSB- pa.lɛ dy lyk.sɑ̃.buːʁ -RSB- ) is located at 15 rue de Vaugirard in the 6th arrondissement of Paris . It was originally built ( 1615 -- 1645 ) to the designs of the French architect Salomon de Brosse to be the royal residence of the regent Marie de ' Medici , mother of Louis XIII of France . After the Revolution it was refashioned ( 1799 -- 1805 ) by Jean Chalgrin into a legislative building and subsequently greatly enlarged and remodeled ( 1835 -- 1856 ) by Alphonse de Gisors . Since 1958 it has been the seat of the French Senate of the Fifth Republic . Immediately west of the palace on the rue de Vaugirard is the Petit Luxembourg , now the residence of the Senate President ; and slightly further west , the Musée du Luxembourg , in the former orangery . On the south side of the palace , the formal Luxembourg Garden presents a 25-hectare green parterre of gravel and lawn populated with statues and large basins of water where children sail model boats .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7c8cd8305ecce16664dfc1dea7bcad56", "text": "Princess Maria Carolina of Savoy Maria Carolina of Savoy ( Maria Carolina Antonietta Adelaide ; 17 January 1764 -- 28 December 1782 ) was a Princess of Savoy from her birth . She was the youngest daughter of the future Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia and married in 1781 to the Electoral Prince of Saxony . She died of Smallpox aged eighteen .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "828213a09f3cc34da080877b59e78989", "text": "Duc de Brancas The title duc de Brancas may refer to a number of hereditary office-holders under the Ancien Régime of France . The most famous holder of that title was a member of the social circle of Philippe II , Duke of Orléans , who served as Regent of France from 1715 to 1723 . Brancas was known to be amusing , good-natured , and attracted to young men . Despite his high title , Brancas was not wealthy , but he solidly refused to exploit his relationship with France 's regent in return for financial gain . Such a lack of corruption was rare at the time , and put the family in strained circumstances . Brancas ' heir , the marquis d'Oise , would have to sign a marriage contract with a three-year-old girl from a wealthy background when the Marquis was himself thirty-three in order to support the Brancas family . When Brancas reached the age that he had to pay young men to sleep with him , he decided to give up on secular life and retired to a monastery . The Regent was so distraught at losing his friend that he cried twice during their last supper together . Brancas died in 1739 , at the age of seventy-six . Despite Brancas ' rectitude in regard to his position , he formed part of a pleasure-loving circle around the Regent which alienated France 's conservatives and undermined conservative support for the Regency .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "552f5bf7b5738b7f4ce8e6616769f968", "text": "Empress Elisabeth of Austria Duchess Elisabeth in Bavaria ( 24 December 1837 -- 10 September 1898 ) was the wife of Emperor Franz Joseph I , and thus Empress of Austria and Queen of Hungary , and many others ( see Grand title of the Empress of Austria ) . Born into the royal Bavarian house of Wittelsbach , Elisabeth ( also called `` Sisi '' ) enjoyed an informal upbringing before marrying Emperor Franz Joseph I at the age of sixteen . The marriage thrust her into the much more formal Habsburg court life , for which she was ill-prepared and which she found uncongenial . Early in the marriage she was at odds with her mother-in-law , Archduchess Sophie , who took over the rearing of Elisabeth 's daughters , one of whom , Sophie , died in infancy . The birth of a male heir , Rudolf , improved her standing at court considerably , but her health suffered under the strain , and she would often visit Hungary for its more relaxed environment . She came to develop a deep kinship with Hungary , and helped to bring about the dual monarchy of Austria -- Hungary in 1867 . The death of her only son Rudolf , and his mistress Mary Vetsera , in a murder -- suicide tragedy at his hunting lodge at Mayerling in 1889 was a blow from which Elisabeth never recovered . She withdrew from court duties and travelled widely , unaccompanied by her family . She was obsessively concerned with maintaining her youthful figure and beauty , which was already legendary during her life . While travelling in Geneva in 1898 , she was stabbed to death by an Italian anarchist named Luigi Lucheni . Elisabeth was the longest serving Empress of Austria , at 44 years .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "12956a600dbe32da4eff908d5074f7f4", "text": "Emmanuel Marie Michel Philippe Fréteau de Saint-Just Emmanuel Marie Michel Philippe Fréteau de Saint-Just ( 28 March 1745 -- 14 June 1794 ) was a French nobleman and an elected representative of the Second Estate during the French Revolution . He was a politically liberal deputy to the Estates-General of 1789 and worked for the cause of constitutional monarchy . In 1789 , Fréteau de Saint-Just served two terms as President of the National Constituent Assembly . As the Revolution became more radical , Fréteau de Saint-Just became politically marginalized , and by 1792 he had retired from national politics completely . Nonetheless , his aristocratic background drew increasing ire from militant revolutionaries until he was finally arrested and executed at the guillotine in 1794 during the Reign of Terror .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1b4182a7525b8c515de33bed895515ea", "text": "Anne, Queen of Great Britain Anne ( 6 February 1665 -- 1 August 1714 ) became Queen of England , Scotland and Ireland on 8 March 1702 . On 1 May 1707 , under the Acts of Union , two of her realms , the kingdoms of England and Scotland , united as a single sovereign state known as Great Britain . She continued to reign as Queen of Great Britain and Ireland until her death . Anne was born in the reign of her uncle Charles II , who had no legitimate children . Her father , James , was first in line to the throne . His suspected Roman Catholicism was unpopular in England , and on Charles 's instructions Anne was raised as an Anglican . Three years after he succeeded Charles , James was deposed in the `` Glorious Revolution '' of 1688 . Anne 's Dutch Protestant brother-in-law and cousin William III became joint monarch with his wife , Anne 's elder sister Mary II . Although the sisters had been close , disagreements over Anne 's finances , status and choice of acquaintances arose shortly after Mary 's accession and they became estranged . William and Mary had no children . After Mary 's death in 1694 , William continued as sole monarch until he was succeeded by Anne upon his death in 1702 . As queen , Anne favoured moderate Tory politicians , who were more likely to share her Anglican religious views than their opponents , the Whigs . The Whigs grew more powerful during the course of the War of the Spanish Succession , until in 1710 Anne dismissed many of them from office . Her close friendship with Sarah Churchill , Duchess of Marlborough , turned sour as the result of political differences . Anne was plagued by ill health throughout her life . From her thirties onwards , she grew increasingly lame and obese . Despite seventeen pregnancies by her husband , Prince George of Denmark , she died without any surviving children and was the last monarch of the House of Stuart . Under the terms of the Act of Settlement 1701 , she was succeeded by her second cousin George I of the House of Hanover , who was a descendant of the Stuarts through his maternal grandmother , Elizabeth , a daughter of James VI and I.", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2c6e8f90a9f124eace14cd6ae6950950", "text": "Louis Marie Fontan Louis Marie Fontan ( November 4 , 1801 -- October 10 , 1839 ) , a French man of letters , was born in Lorient and died in Thiais . He began his career as a clerk in a government office , but was dismissed for taking part in a political banquet . At the age of nineteen he went to Paris and began to contribute to the Tablettes and the Album . He was brought to trial for political articles written for the latter paper , but defended himself so energetically that he secured indefinite postponement of his trial . The offending paper was suppressed for a time , and Fontan produced a collection of political poems , Odes et epîtres , and a number of plays , of which Perkins Warbec ( 1828 ) , written in collaboration with MM . Halévy and Drouineau , was the most successful . In 1828 the Album was revived , and in it Fontan published a virulent but witty attack on Charles X , entitled Le Mouton enrage ( June 10 , 1829 ) . To escape the inevitable prosecution Fontan fled over the frontier , but , finding no safe asylum , he returned to Paris to give himself up to the authorities , and was sentenced to five years ' imprisonment and a heavy fine . He was liberated by the revolution of 1830 , and his Jeanne la folle , performed in the same year , gained a success due perhaps more to sympathy with the author 's political principles than to the merits of the piece itself , a somewhat crude and violent picture of Breton history . A drama representing the trial of Marshal Ney , which he wrote in collaboration with Charles Dupeuty , Le Proces d'un maréchal de France ( printed 1831 ) , was suppressed on the night of its production . Fontan died in Thiais on 10 October 1839 . A sympathetic portrait of Fontan as a prisoner , and an analysis of his principal works , are to be found in Jules Janin 's Histoire de la littérature dramatique , vol . i and also in Eugène Briffault 's biographical portrait `` Fontan '' in the collection Nouvelles parisiennes ( 1843 ) . Category :19 th-century French dramatists and playwrights Category :19 th-century male writers Category : People from Lorient Category :1801 births Category :1839 deaths", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a2063963b9d767fdfb35c79c71284760", "text": "Louise-Élisabeth de Croÿ de Tourzel Louise-Élisabeth de Croÿ de Tourzel ( Louise Élisabeth Félicité Françoise Armande Anne Marie Jeanne Joséphine de Croÿ de Tourzel ) 11 June 1749 -- 15 May 1832 ) , the Marquise de Tourzel ( later Duchess ) was a French noblewoman and courtier to the royal court of King Louis XVI . She was the last governess to the royal children of Louis and his wife , Queen Marie Antoinette . Decades after the French Revolution , de Tourzel published widely read memoirs , which presented a unique perspective on the royal family .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "42927f5b7253106a5ec4a32f97eb1bf8", "text": "List of women who died in childbirth This is a list of notable women , either famous themselves or closely associated with someone well known , who suffered maternal death as defined by the World Health Organization ( WHO ) : `` the death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy , irrespective of the duration and site of the pregnancy , from any cause related to or aggravated by the pregnancy or its management but not from accidental or incidental causes . '' Note that this wording includes abortion , miscarriage , stillbirth , and ectopic pregnancy . Generally , there is a distinction between a direct maternal death that is the result of a complication of the pregnancy , delivery , or management of the two , and an indirect maternal death that is a pregnancy-related death in a woman with a pre-existing or newly developed health problem unrelated to pregnancy . Fatalities during but unrelated to a pregnancy are termed accidental , incidental , or non-obstetrical maternal deaths . However , the WHO definition is only one of many ; other definitions may include accidental and incidental causes . Cases with `` incidental causes '' include deaths secondary to violence against women that may be related to the pregnancy and be affected by the socioeconomic and cultural environment . Also , it has been reported that about 10 % of maternal deaths may occur late , that is after 42 days after a termination or delivery ; thus , some definitions extend the period of observation to one year after the end of gestation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e8841d5f899e069bcaed33d66caaf987", "text": "Dauphin of France The Dauphin of France ( -LSB- pronˈdɔːfᵻn -RSB- , also -LSB- ˈdəufæn -RSB- and -LSB- douˈfæn -RSB- Dauphin de France , -LSB- dofɛ̃ -RSB- ) -- strictly The Dauphin of Viennois ( Dauphin de Viennois ) -- was the title given to the heir apparent to the throne of France from 1350 to 1791 and 1824 to 1830 . The word is French for dolphin , as a reference to the depiction of the animal on their coat of arms .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7de4933c5e801fcf07d75b3f987a0842", "text": "Louis Antoine de Saint-Just Louis Antoine Léon de Saint-Just ( -LSB- sɛ̃ʒyst -RSB- ; 25 August 176728 July 1794 ) was a military and political leader during the French Revolution . The youngest of the deputies elected to the National Convention in 1792 , Saint-Just rose quickly in their ranks and became a major leader of the government of the French First Republic . He spearheaded the movement to execute King Louis XVI and later drafted the radical French Constitution of 1793 . He became a close friend of Maximilien Robespierre , and served with him as one of the commissioners of the powerful Committee of Public Safety . Dispatched as a commissar to the army during its rocky start in the French Revolutionary Wars , Saint-Just imposed severe discipline , and he was credited by many for the army 's subsequent revival at the front . Back in Paris , he supervised the consolidation of Robespierre 's power through a ruthless and bloody program of intimidation . In his relatively brief time on the historical stage , he became the enduring public face of the Reign of Terror and was dubbed the `` Angel of Death '' by later writers . Saint-Just organized the arrests and prosecutions of many of the most famous figures of the Revolution . Saint-Just was arrested in the violent episode of 9 Thermidor and executed the next day with Robespierre and their allies . In many histories of the Revolution , their deaths at the guillotine mark the end of the Reign of Terror .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1b56b14ab9a3b32925d34961d9f50f04", "text": "Mary of Guise Mary of Guise ( Marie de Guise 22 November 1515 -- 11 June 1560 ) was Queen of Scots from 1538 to 1542 as the second wife of King James V . She was the mother of Mary , Queen of Scots , and served as Regent of Scotland in her daughter 's name from 1554 to 1560 . A native of Lorraine , she was a member of the powerful House of Guise , which played a prominent role in 16th-century French politics . Her main goal was a close alliance between the powerful French Catholic nation and smaller Scotland , which she wanted to be Catholic and independent of England . She failed , and at her death the Protestants took control of Scotland , with her own grandson achieving the Union of the Crowns a few decades later .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "81ca2b2e1492f0b8110f12654703a993", "text": "Paris Commune (French Revolution) The Paris Commune during the French Revolution was the government of Paris from 1792 until 1795 . Established in the Hôtel de Ville just after the storming of the Bastille , it consisted of 144 delegates elected by the 48 divisions of the city . The Paris Commune became insurrectionary in the summer of 1792 , essentially refusing to take orders from the central French government . It took charge of routine civic functions but is best known for mobilizing extreme views and actions among the people and for its campaign to dechristianize the churches and the people . It lost much power in 1794 and was replaced in 1795 . The first mayor was Jean Sylvain Bailly ; he was succeeded on November 1791 by Pétion de Villeneuve after Bailly 's unpopular use of the National Guard to disperse a riotous assembly in the Champ de Mars ( 17 July 1791 ) . In 1792 , the Commune was dominated by those Jacobins who were not in the Legislative Assembly due to the Self-Denying Ordinance . On the night of 9 August 1792 a new revolutionary Commune , led by Georges Danton , Camille Desmoulins and Jacques Hébert took possession of the Hôtel de Ville ; the next day insurgents assailed the Tuileries , where the royal family resided . During the ensuing constitutional crisis , the collapsing Legislative Assembly of France was heavily dependent on the Commune for the effective power that allowed it to continue to function as a legislature . The all-powerful Commune demanded custody of the royal family , imprisoning them in the Temple fortress . A list of `` opponents of the Revolution '' was drawn up , the gates to the city were sealed , and on 28 August the citizens were subjected to domiciliary visits , ostensibly in a search for muskets . It was not until 1792 that the government had a formal cabinet in place , with the appointment of the Ministers of the French National Convention and the decision of the Commissioners of the Committee of Public Safety in 1794 to take charge of administrative departments . The government of the republic was succeeded by the French Directory in November 1795 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1feef6a69dfc1f175b2f46427cadd3f5", "text": "Marie Anne de Bourbon (1689–1720) Marie Anne de Bourbon ( 18 April 1689 -- 21 March 1720 ) was a princess of the blood at the French court of Versailles . She was the first wife of Louis Henri de Bourbon and as such was the Duchess of Bourbon and Princess of Condé by marriage . She died childless during the Regency of Philippe d'Orléans . She was known as the younger duchess as opposed to her mother-in-law , the older duchess . Despite her husband being the Prince of Condé , he continued to use the title of Duke of Bourbon , the title by which his wife was known .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7bb11633ffff8e56090060a19add674a", "text": "History of fashion design The history of fashion design refers to the development of the fashion industry which designs clothing and accessories . The modern industry , based around firms or fashion houses run by individual designers , started in the 19th century with Charles Frederick Worth who was the first designer to have his label sewn into the garments that he created . Couture beginnings . Rose Bertin ( July 2 , 1747 -- September 22 , 1813 ) was the dressmaker named bill to Marie Antoinette , Queen of France , and a high public profile . Sometimes called sarcastically the `` Minister of Fashion '' , she opened a shop in Paris and had a considerable influence on Parisian style , until this was drastically changed by the French Revolution , from which she fled into exile in London for some years . An outsider to the French Court , Marie Antoinette relied on Bertin 's meticulous designs to help her `` to combat her enemies with style '' . -LSB- 1 -RSB- Marie Antoinette 's unique fashion preferences such as masculine riding breeches or simple muslin shift dressed , contrasted sharply with her elaborate gowns as the Queen attempted to create a persona that would allow the citizens of France to connect with her and her lifestyle . Although Marie Antoinette 's attempts were largely unsuccessful , the ways Bertin helped the Queen articulate herself through fashion were groundbreaking and set a precedent for monarchs who followed . -LSB- 2 -RSB- An Englishman living in Paris , Charles Frederick Worth ( 1825 - 1905 ) is usually seen as the first designer in something like the modern sense , with a large business employing many largely anonymous tailors and seamstresses . A former draper , Worth 's success was such that he was able to dictate what they should wear to his customers . Launched into the spotlight as the Empress Eugénie 's primary designer , Worth used his royal connections to gain recognition and clients . The proclamation on February 1 , 1853 by Napolón III that no visitors would be received to his court without formal dress meant that the popularity of Worth-style gowns was overwhelming . Ornately decorated and constructed from the finest materials , Worth 's gowns are well known for their crinolines ( cage-like metal structures that held the dress out in a stylish shape . Throughout the early 20th century , practically all high fashion originated in Paris and to a lesser extent London . Fashion magazines from other countries sent editors to the Paris fashion shows . Department stores sent buyers to the Paris shows , where they purchased garments to copy ( and openly stole the style lines and trim details of others ) . Both made-to-measure salons and ready-to-wear departments featured the latest Paris trends , adapted to the stores ' assumptions about the lifestyles and pocket books of their targeted customers . At this time in history the division between haute couture and ready-to-wear was not sharply defined . The two separate modes of production were still far from being competitors and they often co-existed in houses where the seamstresses moved freely between made-to-measure and ready-made . Around the start of the 20th century fashion magazines began to include photographs and became even more influential . Throughout the world these magazines were greatly sought-after and had a profound effect on public taste . Talented illustrators - among them Paul Iribe , Georges Lepape , Erté , and George Barbier - drew attractive fashion plates for these publications , which covered the most recent developments in fashion and beauty . Perhaps the most famous of these magazines was La Gazette du Bon Ton which was founded in 1912 by Lucien Vogel and regularly published until 1925 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "080b2b7e3764c23f702d19335e1c3414", "text": "Aglaé de Polignac Aglaé Louise Françoise Gabrielle de Polignac ( 7 May 1768 -- 30 March 1803 ) was the daughter of Gabrielle de Polastron , the favourite and confidante of Marie Antoinette , and her husband , the 1st duc de Polignac . Her paternal grandparents were Marquis Louis Héracle Melchior de Polignac ( 1717 -- 1792 ) and his wife , Diane Marie Adelaide Zephirine Mazzarini-Mancini ( 1726 -- 1755 ) . Her maternal grandparents were Jean François Gabriel , comte de Polastron , and his wife , Jeanne Charlotte Hérault . Aglaé Louise was born at the Château de Versailles in Paris , France , the eldest child and only daughter of the Duke and Duchess of Polignac . She had three brothers : Armand Jules Marie Héracle , duc de Polignac ( 11 January 1771 -- 1 March 1847 ) ; Jules Auguste Armand Marie , prince de Polignac ( 14 May 1780 -- 30 March 1847 ) ; and Camille Henri Melchior , comte de Polignac ( 27 December 1781 -- 2 February 1855 ) . At the Château de Versailles , on 11 July 1780 , at the age of twelve , Aglaé married the duc de Gramont et Guiche . She then became the Duchess of Guiche and was nicknamed `` Guichette '' by her family . Her son Antoine-Geneviève-Héraclius-Agénor de Gramont became the 9th Duke of Gramont . Her daughter Corisande Armandine Léonie Sophie de Gramont married Charles Bennet , 5th Earl of Tankerville , and another daughter , Aglaé Angélique Gabrielle de Gramont , was married in turn to Russian general Alexander Lvovich Davydov and French diplomat Horace Sébastiani . In 1794 , according to The Memoirs of Madame Vigée Lebrun , Marie-Élisabeth-Louise Vigée-Le Brun painted a half-length portrait of the Duchess de Guiche wearing a blue turban , in Directoire style . She wrote : '' ... I encountered the Duchesse de Guiche , whose lovely face had not changed in the least . '' On 30 March 1803 , Aglaé de Polignac died in an accidental house fire at her home in Edinburgh , Scotland . Category :1768 births Category :1803 deaths Category :18 th-century French people Category : Accidental deaths in Scotland Category : Deaths from fire Category : People from Versailles Category : Polignac family", "title": "" } ]	fever
e9f93e14dca4e6eec2c5a59a135b8ff4	Asteroid Day is an event.	[ { "docid": "ce738f3d3ead2b2d40c5388cd45b97d8", "text": "Asteroid Day Asteroid Day ( also known as International Asteroid Day ) is an annual global event that aims to raise awareness about asteroids and what can be done to protect the Earth , its families , communities , and future generations . Asteroid Day is held on the anniversary of the June 30 , 1908 Siberian Tunguska event , the most harmful known asteroid-related event on Earth in recent history . The United Nations has proclaimed that Asteroid Day will be observed globally on June 30 every year in its resolution . It was co-founded by filmmaker Grigorij Richters , B612 Foundation COO Danica Remy , Apollo 9 astronaut Rusty Schweickart and Brian May , Queen guitarist and astrophysicist . Over 200 astronauts , scientists , technologists and artists , including Richard Dawkins , Bill Nye , Peter Gabriel , Jim Lovell , Apollo 11 Astronaut Michael Collins , Alexei Leonov , Bill Anders , Kip Thorne , Lord Martin Rees , Chris Hadfield , Rusty Schweickart and Brian Cox co-signed the Asteroid Day Declaration . Asteroid Day was officially launched on December 3 , 2014 .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "1cc3d292d7fe24ec6dec1a6187975ace", "text": "1216 Askania 1216 Askania , provisional designation 1932 BL , is a stony main-belt asteroid discovered on January 29 , 1932 , by Karl Reinmuth at Heidelberg Observatory , Germany . The S-type asteroid is a member of the Flora family , the largest of all known asteroid families . Light curve observations show a periodicity of hours , during which time the brightness of the body varies by in magnitude . It was named after `` Askania Werke AG '' , a manufacturer of optical and astronomical instruments in Berlin ( also see Cinetheodolite ) . The company went on to develop the auto pilot of the V-1 bomb in the following years .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bc5420be1189c93f1076e3e20e557ab6", "text": "List of minor-planet groups A minor-planet group is a population of minor planets that share broadly similar orbits . Members are generally unrelated to each other , unlike in an asteroid family , which often results from the break-up of a single asteroid . It is customary to name a group of asteroids after the first member of that group to be discovered , which is often the largest .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ca2c7b6d6f67f86bcc742eb63956fe39", "text": "35 Leukothea 35 Leukothea ( -LSB- uːˈkɒθiə -RSB- , Greek : Λευκοθέα ) is a large , dark asteroid from the asteroid belt It was discovered by German astronomer Karl Theodor Robert Luther on April 19 , 1855 , and named after Leukothea , a sea goddess in Greek mythology . 35 Leukothea is a C-type asteroid in the Tholen classification system . Photometric observations of this asteroid from the Organ Mesa Observatory in Las Cruces , New Mexico during 2010 gave a light curve with a period of 31.900 ± 0.001 hours and a brightness variability of 0.42 ± 0.04 in magnitude . This is consistent with previous studies in 1990 and 2008 . The computed Lyapunov time for this asteroid is 20,000 years , indicating that it occupies a chaotic orbit that will change randomly over time because of gravitational perturbations of the planets .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c6587f47fba87a6f49aba42102038b78", "text": "Transit of Mercury A transit of Mercury across the Sun takes place when the planet Mercury passes directly between the Sun and a superior planet , becoming visible against ( and hence obscuring a small portion of ) the solar disk . During a transit , Mercury appears as a tiny black dot moving across the disk of the Sun . Transits of Mercury with respect to Earth are much more frequent than transits of Venus , with about 13 or 14 per century , in part because Mercury is closer to the Sun and orbits it more rapidly . Transits of Mercury occur in May or November . The last four transits occurred on November 15 , 1999 ; May 7 , 2003 ; November 8 , 2006 ; and May 9 , 2016 . The next will occur on November 11 , 2019 , and then on November 13 , 2032 . A typical transit lasts several hours . On June 3 , 2014 , the Mars rover Curiosity observed the planet Mercury transiting the Sun , marking the first time a planetary transit has been observed from a celestial body besides Earth . More generally , transits can also occur for Venus and were investigated in the context of searching for the hypothetical inner planet Vulcan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b4b9393731cafaddcc8292cc79873966", "text": "(29075) 1950 DA ( 29075 ) 1950 DA is a near-Earth asteroid . Among asteroids more than 1 km in diameter , it is notable for having the highest known probability of impacting Earth . In 2002 , it had the highest Palermo rating with a value of 0.17 for a possible collision in 2880 . Since that time , the estimated risk has been updated several times . In December 2015 , the odds of an Earth impact were revised to 1 in 8,330 ( 0.012 % ) with a Palermo rating of − 1.42 . ( 29075 ) 1950 DA is not assigned a Torino scale rating , because the 2880 date is over 100 years in the future .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6e81381a6140fcf0e06b3063fa78e2d1", "text": "Double planet In astronomy , a double planet ( also binary planet ) is a binary system where both objects are of planetary mass . The term is not recognized by the International Astronomical Union and is therefore not an official classification . At its 2006 General Assembly , the International Astronomical Union considered a proposal that Pluto and Charon be reclassified as a double planet , but the proposal was abandoned in favor of the current definition of planet . In promotional materials advertising the SMART-1 mission and pre-dating the IAU planet definition , the European Space Agency once referred to the Earth -- Moon system as a double planet . Some binary asteroids with components of roughly equal mass are sometimes informally referred to as double minor planets . These include binary asteroids 69230 Hermes and 90 Antiope and binary Kuiper belt objects ( KBOs ) 79360 Sila -- Nunam and .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "acd4cdffa6a3c90e9745510c2ebff1a2", "text": "(332446) 2008 AF4 is an asteroid which was listed on the Sentry Risk Table in January 2008 with a Torino Scale rating of 1 . The asteroid showed a 1 in 71,000 chance of impact on 9 January 2089 . It was briefly downgraded to Torino Scale 0 in February 2008 , but still showed a cumulative 1 in 53,000 chance of an impact . In March it was back at Torino Scale 1 with a 1 in 28,000 chance of impact on 9 January 2089 . By mid April 2008 , it was back to Torino Scale 0 . It was removed from the Sentry Risk Table on 19 December 2009 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "492cbd8172c0eee91e5a109ab9e5ff76", "text": "July 8", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6937cce6db02daa55a0a920b5cc9a77b", "text": "Indiana Asteroid Program The Indiana Asteroid Program was a photographic astronomical survey of asteroids during 1949 -- 1967 , at the U.S. Goethe Link Observatory near Brooklyn , Indiana . The program was initiated by Frank K. Edmondson of Indiana University using a 10-inch f/6 .5 Cooke triplet astrographic camera . Its objectives included recovering asteroids that were far from their predicted positions , making new orbital calculations or revising old ones , deriving magnitudes accurate to about 0.1 mag , and training students . When the observatory 's 36-inch ( 0.91-meter ) reflecting telescope proved unsuitable for searching for asteroids , postdoctoral fellow James Cuffey arranged the permanent loan of a 10-inch ( 25-centimeter ) lens from the University of Cincinnati . Mounted in a shed near the main observatory , the instrument using the borrowed lens was responsible for all of the program 's discoveries . By 1958 , the program had produced 3,500 photographic plates showing 12,000 asteroid images and had published about 2,000 accurate positions in the Minor Planet Circular . When the program ended in 1967 , it had discovered a total of 119 asteroids . The program 's highest numbered discovery , 30718 Records , made in 1955 , was not named until November 2007 . The program ended when the lights of the nearby city of Indianapolis became too bright to permit the long exposures required for the photographic plates . The program 's nearly 7,000 photographic plates are now archived at Lowell Observatory .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c1c6b3d80a84ecb5a01477ccdfdd209a", "text": "1581 Abanderada 1581 Abanderada ( 1950 LA1 ) is a main belt asteroid discovered on June 15 , 1950 , by Miguel Itzigsohn at the La Plata Astronomical Observatory in La Plata , Argentina . This object is named in honor of Argentine first lady Eva Perón , and its name may be translated from Spanish as `` woman with a banner '' - an appellation frequently used in reference to her as a crusader for social and political change . The asteroids 1569 Evita , 1582 Martir , 1588 Descamisada and 1589 Fanatica were also discovered by Itzigsohn near to the time he first detected Abanderada , and were also given names in tribute to Perón . Measurements by IRAS show the asteroid has a low albedo of 0.05 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8bc7d42d6fd142c4a9e478b66a792519", "text": "54 Alexandra 54 Alexandra is a very large and dark main-belt asteroid . It was discovered by German-French astronomer Hermann Goldschmidt on September 10 , 1858 , and named after the German explorer Alexander von Humboldt ; it was the first asteroid to be named after a male . On May 17 , 2005 , this asteroid occulted a faint star ( magnitude 8.5 ) and the event was observed and timed in a number of locations within the U.S. and Mexico . As a result , a silhouette profile was produced , yielding a roughly oval cross-section with dimensions of 160 × 135 km ( ± 1 km ) . Photometric observations of this asteroid during 1990 -- 92 gave a light curve with a period of 18.14 ± 0.04 hours and a brightness variation of 0.10 in magnitude . Alexandra has been studied by radar . It was the namesake and largest member of the former Alexandra asteroid family ; a dynamic group of C-type asteroids that share similar orbital elements . Other members included 70 Panopaea and 145 Adeona . 145 Adeona was subsequently assigned to the Adeona family , with Alexandra and Panopaea being dropped .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "27b78cf04f4359dc91b40db17a8e628a", "text": "2003 Harding 2003 Harding , also designated 6559 P -- L , is an asteroid in the asteroid belt discovered on September 24 , 1960 , by the three astronomers Cornelis van Houten , Ingrid van Houten-Groeneveld and Tom Gehrels at Palomar , California . The asteroid is a member of the Eos family . Orbiting the Sun at a distance of 2.7 -- 3.4 AU once every 5 years and 4 months , the asteroid 's path is nearly coplanar to the plane of the ecliptic with an orbital inclination of less than 2 degrees . It has a short rotation period of three hours . The designation P -- L stands for Palomar -- Leiden , named after Palomar Observatory and Leiden Observatory , which collaborated on the fruitful Palomar -- Leiden survey in the 1960s . Gehrels used Palomar 's Samuel Oschin telescope ( also known as the 48-inch Schmidt Telescope ) , and shipped the photographic plates to Cornelis Johannes van Houten and Ingrid van Houten-Groeneveld at Leiden Observatory in the Netherlands . The trio are credited with several thousand asteroid discoveries . The asteroid is named after German astronomer Karl Ludwig Harding ( 1765 -- 1834 ) , who discovered the minor planet 3 Juno . He is also honored by the lunar crater Harding .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "80b90ebcc2b14d6ae65a84c013449167", "text": "Asteroid spectral types Asteroids are assigned a type based on spectral shape , color , and sometimes albedo . These types are thought to correspond to an asteroid 's surface composition . For small bodies that are not internally differentiated , the surface and internal compositions are presumably similar , while large bodies such as 1 Ceres and 4 Vesta are known to have internal structure . A list of types can be found at : Category : Asteroid spectral classes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9a950ef18cf82b807b33c405c7772b3f", "text": "List of Jupiter trojans (Greek camp) This is a list of Jupiter trojans that lie in the Greek camp , an elongated , curved region around the leading Lagrangian point , 60 ° ahead of Jupiter 's orbit . All the asteroids at Jupiter 's point have names corresponding to participants on the Greek side of the Trojan War , except for 624 Hektor , which was named before this naming convention was instituted . Correspondingly , 617 Patroclus is a Greek-named asteroid at the `` Trojan '' Lagrangian point . Trojans in the Greek and Trojan camp are discovered mainly in turns , because they are separated by 120 ° , and for a period of time one group of trojans will be behind the Sun , and the other will be visible . List of Jupiter trojans ( Greek camp ) ( 1 -- 100000 ) List of Jupiter trojans ( Greek camp ) ( 100001 -- 200000 ) List of Jupiter trojans ( Greek camp ) ( 200001 -- 300000 ) List of Jupiter trojans ( Greek camp ) ( 300001 -- 400000 ) List of Jupiter trojans ( Greek camp ) ( 400001 -- 500000 )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5174ec9538beea92b7c152f6814f3781", "text": "513 Centesima 513 Centesima is a 50 km Main-belt asteroid orbiting the Sun . It is one of the core members of the Eos family of asteroids . Relatively little is known about this tiny asteroid . It is not known to possess any natural satellites , so its mass is unknown , and therefore can only be estimated . However , it has a rather rapid rotation period of just over 5 hours . This fact can be utilized to determine that the asteroid must be exceptionally dense in order for it to not fall apart . This enables a density estimate . It was discovered August 24 , 1903 by late 19th and early 20th century astronomer Max Wolf . It was his 100th asteroid discovery , hence the name , which in Latin , means `` hundredth '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "10a69242c2799e17c4c0fd23265009ed", "text": "Lazarus comet A Lazarus comet is a small body within the main asteroid belt that is not an asteroid , but a comet that has been trapped and may be re-energized into being a live comet . Astronomers are referring to this region of the asteroid belt as a comet graveyard , but calling these comets `` Lazarus '' because of their potential to be `` resurrected '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5e7a892010cb5e68a040ac820ee122e7", "text": "2062 Aten 2062 Aten ( -LSB- ˈɑːtən -RSB- ) is an asteroid that was discovered at the Palomar Mountain Observatory by Eleanor F. Helin , who was the principal scientist for the NEAT ( Near-Earth Asteroid Tracking ) project until she retired in 2002 . It is named after Aten , the Egyptian god of the solar disk . Aten was the first asteroid found to have a semi-major orbital axis of less than one astronomical unit . A new category of asteroids was thus created , the Atens . As of July 2004 about 16 Atens were numbered and some 212 were provisional , the unnumbered Atens ranged from what was then 1989 VA to .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7c1981a2aeedcb2eab671315f5bfa839", "text": "4923 Clarke 4923 Clarke is an asteroid . It was discovered on March 2 , 1981 by Schelte J. Bus who also discovered 5020 Asimov on the same day . It orbits within the main asteroid belt . The asteroid is named after the science fiction writer Arthur C. Clarke , author of 2001 : A Space Odyssey . In the postscript to his novel 3001 : The Final Odyssey , Clarke jokingly expresses disappointment that he did not receive asteroid 2001 as his namesake , instead it was named for Albert Einstein .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cc0666e8f4eb933e75d5dd6bdfeb6ac5", "text": "511 Davida 511 Davida is a large C-type asteroid in the asteroid belt . It was discovered by R. S. Dugan in 1903 . It is one of the ten most-massive asteroids , and the 7th-largest asteroid . It is approximately 270 -- 310 km in diameter and comprises an estimated 1.5 % of the total mass of the asteroid belt . It is a C-type asteroid , which means that it is dark in colouring with a carbonaceous chondrite composition . Davida is one of the few main-belt asteroids whose shape has been determined by ground-based visual observation . From 2002 to 2007 , astronomers at the Keck Observatory used the Keck II telescope , which is fitted with adaptive optics , to photograph Davida . The asteroid is not a dwarf planet : there are at least two promontories and at least one flat facet with 15-km deviations from a best-fit ellipsoid . The facet is presumably a 150-km global-scale crater like the ones seen on 253 Mathilde . Conrad et al. ( 2007 ) show that craters of this size `` can be expected from the impactor size distribution , without likelihood of catastrophic disruption of Davida . '' Davida is named after David Peck Todd , an astronomy professor at Amherst College .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f7bef263774214547f57ef385f10651a", "text": "Anniversary An anniversary is the date on which an event took place or an institution was founded in a previous year , and may also refer to the commemoration or celebration of that event . For example , the first event is the initial occurrence or , if planned , the inaugural of the event . One year later would be the first anniversary of that event . The word was first used for Catholic feasts to commemorate saints . Most countries celebrate national anniversaries , typically called national days . These could be the date of independence of the nation or the adoption of a new constitution or form of government . The important dates in a sitting monarch 's reign may also be commemorated , an event often referred to as a `` jubilee '' .", "title": "" } ]	fever
281722fe37419b20d0017f8af6cab53a	Arya Stark is headstrong and self-reliant.	[ { "docid": "b91599b6621309561937aee3aaa70e8e", "text": "Arya Stark Arya Stark is a fictional character created by American author George R. R. Martin . She is a prominent point of view character in Martin 's award-winning A Song of Ice and Fire series , and also a main character in HBO 's adaptation of the series , Game of Thrones . Introduced in 1996 's A Game of Thrones , Arya is the younger daughter of Lord Eddard Stark and his wife Lady Catelyn Stark . She is headstrong , independent , disdains traditional female pursuits , and is often mistaken for a boy . She wields a sword named Needle , a gift from her half-brother , Jon Snow , and is trained in the Braavosi style of sword fighting . Arya is portrayed by Maisie Williams on the HBO series Game of Thrones . Her performance has garnered critical acclaim , particularly in the second season for her work opposite veteran actor Charles Dance ( Tywin Lannister ) when she served as his cupbearer . She is among the most popular characters in either version of the story . Williams was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series for the role in 2016 . She and the rest of the cast were nominated for Screen Actors Guild Awards for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series in 2012 , 2014 , 2015 and 2016 .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "c965c4336abfaa9e3cadd5e58a5b1edb", "text": "Soap opera rapid aging syndrome Soap opera rapid aging syndrome ( SORAS ) is the practice of accelerating the age of a television or film character ( usually a child or teenager ) in conflict with the timeline of a series and/or the real-world progression of time . This allows for , for instance , storylines around a pregnancy and birth to be relatively quickly followed by storylines around the travails of that child as a teenager or young adult . This is usually accomplished by recasting the actor playing the part , although in some cases the character is not shown onscreen , only mentioned , until after they have been `` rapidly aged '' . The process originated ( and is most commonly used ) in daytime soap operas , though it is also sometimes used in prime time shows . On sitcoms , a newborn infant character is sometimes aged quickly into a kindergartner , for greater comic potential , as was done with the character Chrissy Seaver on Growing Pains in 1990 . The term was coined by Soap Opera Weekly founding editor-in-chief Mimi Torchin in the early days of the magazine , which began publishing in 1989 . It is now widely used in the soap opera media and is sometimes used as a verb as well ( `` the character was SORASed '' ) . Torchin has jokingly called it `` my one greatest contribution to the world of soap operas . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c024d3a438a2e5fc0de97d7a4433d5ca", "text": "Christine de Pizan Christine de Pizan ( also seen as de Pisan ; -LSB- kʁistin də pizɑ̃ -RSB- ; 1364 -- c. 1430 ) was an Italian French late medieval author . She served as a court writer for several dukes ( Louis of Orleans , Philip the Bold of Burgundy , and John the Fearless of Burgundy ) and the French royal court during the reign of Charles VI . She wrote both poetry and prose works such as biographies and books containing practical advice for women . She completed forty-one works during her 30-year career from 1399 to 1429 . She married in 1380 at the age of 15 , and was widowed 10 years later . Much of the impetus for her writing came from her need to earn a living to support her mother , a niece and her two surviving children . She spent most of her childhood and all of her adult life in Paris and then the abbey at Poissy , and wrote entirely in her adopted language , Middle French . Her early courtly poetry is marked by her knowledge of aristocratic custom and fashion of the day , particularly involving women and the practice of chivalry . Her early and later allegorical and didactic treatises reflect both autobiographical information about her life and views and also her own individualized and humanist approach to the scholastic learned tradition of mythology , legend , and history she inherited from clerical scholars and to the genres and courtly or scholastic subjects of contemporary French and Italian poets she admired . Supported and encouraged by important royal French and English patrons , she influenced 15th-century English poetry . Her success stems from a wide range of innovative writing and rhetorical techniques that critically challenged renowned writers such as Jean de Meun , author of the Romance of the Rose , which she criticized as immoral . In recent decades , Christine de Pizan 's work has been returned to prominence by the efforts of scholars such as Charity Cannon Willard , Earl Jeffrey Richards and Simone de Beauvoir . Certain scholars have argued that she should be seen as an early feminist who efficiently used language to convey that women could play an important role within society . This characterization has been challenged by other critics , who say that it is either an anachronistic use of the word or a misinterpretation of her writing and intentions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3c318577c423d541a5ac106cc6f7acfa", "text": "Elizabeth Banks (journalist) Elizabeth Brister Banks ( May 2 , 1872 -- July 18 , 1938 ) was an American journalist and author . Although she never renounced her American citizenship , she remained in England throughout the last forty years of her life . Elizabeth was born in Trenton , New Jersey , the daughter of John Banks and Sarah Ann Brister . As a young child , she was raised by her aunt Elizabeth Brister and uncle Joseph Peck on `` the experimental farm '' north of Madison near Deansville , Wisconsin . She attended Milwaukee Downer Female Seminary College in Milwaukee when it was still located at Fox Lake , Wisconsin . She became a typewriter girl in a grocery store , then worked society pages in Baltimore and Saint Paul , Minnesota . She worked as secretary at the American Counsulate in Peru , later becoming a stunt journalist when other women writers were relegated to society and fashion pages . In London , she became a regular contributor to publications such as The Daily News , Punch , St James ' Gazette , London Illustrated , and Referee . She created a sensation in London by recording her observations on the plight of the lower classes , which she researched posing as a housemaid , street sweeper , and Covent Garden flower girl . Her journalistic writing under several pen names including pseudonyms of Mary Mortimer Maxwell and Enid , unceasingly promoted women 's right to vote and denounced prison conditions for jailed suffragettes . Elizabeth lived in London at 17 Downing Street , close to the Prime Minister 's residence . Her neighbors and friends included George Bernard Shaw , John Galsworthy , Thomas Hardy , H. G. Wells and suffragette Henrietta Marston . She made major contributions to British Intelligence in developing strategies to help protect London from German aerial attacks and developing propaganda schemes that helped draw the United States into the first world war . According to Who 's Who in America ( volume 20 , 1938 ) `` in 1914 she founded the Authors ' Belgian Fund and Dirk 's fund for the Allies . She originated and also wrote a series of controversial essays entitled `` The Lady at the Round Table '' . She made a trip back to the United States and became the author of an autobiographical work , The Remaking of an American . She also wrote `` Campaigns of Curiosity '' and `` Newspaper Girl '' . Careful to protect her sources in both her letters and written works , the bulk of her personal papers were destroyed upon her death . She died on Jul 18 , 1938 of arteriosclerosis and then was cremated with her ashes deposited at Golders Green Crematorium . The first in London ref : Elizabeth 's name may be found on the Mabel Spink plaque .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8702663a1b75ade3162d5b80491f2692", "text": "Tisca Chopra Tisca Chopra ( born Tisca Zareen Arora ) is an Indian actress , author and producer . She has acted in over 45 feature films in different languages with many eminent directors like Aamir Khan , Prakash Jha , Madhur Bhandarkar , Abhinay Deo , Nagesh Kukunoor and Anup Singh . ` Taare Zameen Par ' , her best known feature film , was India 's official entry to the Academy Awards . It also won her Filmfare and other top nominations . Another feature film , Qissa , premiered at the Toronto Film Festival in 2013 , and won the prestigious NETPAC Award for Best Asian Film . The film has traveled to over 20 festivals , winning over almost all top awards and much appreciation from audiences and critics . Tisca did her Bachelors in Literature from University of Delhi and worked extensively in theatre . She has honed her craft with Naseeruddin Shah & theatre director Feroz Khan . Her performance in the Pulitzer Award winning play , ` Dinner With Friends ' , that deals with the state of the modern marriage , was a hit in India , South East Asia & the Middle East , garnering praise from both , critics and audiences . A practicing Buddhist , she consistently works on issues especially those of gender equality , the girl child and the environment . She has worked with Sam Pitroda on the National Knowledge Commission , to help with revamping the education system . Her book Acting Smart ( Harper Collins ) , is a best seller and is being translated into Hindi . Tisca has been nominated at the New York Indian Film Festival for Best Actress for her work in ` 10Ml Love ' , a film based on A Mid Summer Night 's Dream . . The series won Best Ensemble Cast . She 's been on the Jury of the prestigious MAMI ( Mumbai Academy Of Moving Images ) film festival . Chutney , a short film she wrote and produced under her company , The Eastern Way won two Filmfare Awards ( Best Actress & Best Short Film ) . She is now developing two feature film scripts . Her upcoming projects are ` Bioscopewala ' , ` 3Dev ' & ` The Hungry ' ( which is based on the Shakespeare play `` Titus Andronicus '' ) . One of the most beautiful and stylish actresses , Tisca is often on best-dressed list and a favourite with advertisers , endorsing brands like Tanishq , Titan Eye Wear , Olay , Horlicks , Marks & Spencers , Godrej , Bajaj Motors and Kellogs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "88ffd9ff0fe412761331451d78f58240", "text": "Game of Thrones (season 6) The sixth season of the fantasy drama television series Game of Thrones premiered on HBO on April 24 , 2016 , and concluded on June 26 , 2016 . It consists of ten episodes , each of approximately 50 -- 60 minutes , largely of original content not found in George R. R. Martin 's A Song of Ice and Fire series . Some material is adapted from the upcoming sixth novel The Winds of Winter and the fourth and fifth novels , A Feast for Crows and A Dance with Dragons . The series was adapted for television by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss . HBO ordered the season on April 8 , 2014 , together with the fifth season , which began filming in July 2015 primarily in Northern Ireland , Spain , Croatia , Iceland and Canada . Each episode cost over $ 10 million . The season follows the continuing struggle between the Starks and other noble families of Westeros for the Iron Throne . The Starks defeat the Bolton forces in battle , and Jon Snow is proclaimed the King in the North . Tyrion attempts to rule Meereen while Daenerys is held captive by a Dothraki tribe . At King 's Landing , the Tyrell army attempts to liberate Margaery and Loras , but Margaery capitulates to the High Sparrow , who becomes more powerful by influencing King Tommen . At her trial , Cersei burns the Great Sept , killing her rivals , while Tommen kills himself . Unopposed , Cersei is crowned Queen of Westeros . Ellaria Sand and three of Oberyn Martell 's daughters kill Doran and Trystane Martell and seize control of Dorne , and Olenna discusses an alliance with Ellaria . In Essos , Daenerys Targaryen is captured by Khal Moro who takes her before the khals ; she burns them alive and takes command of the Dothraki . Game of Thrones features a large ensemble cast , including Peter Dinklage , Nikolaj Coster-Waldau , Lena Headey , Emilia Clarke and Kit Harington . The season introduced new cast members , including Max von Sydow , Pilou Asbæk and James Faulkner . Critics praised its production values , writing , plot development , and cast . Game of Thrones received most nominations for the 68th Primetime Emmy Awards , with 23 nominations , and won twelve , including that for Outstanding Drama Series for the second year in a row . U.S. viewership rose compared to the previous season , and by approximately 13 % over its course , from 7.9 million to 8.9 million by the finale .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6ac9bc83246391633e18e8d4c44759c8", "text": "Scarlett Johansson Scarlett Johansson ( -LSB- dʒoʊˈhænsən -RSB- born November 22 , 1984 ) is an American actress , model , and singer . She made her film debut in the fantasy comedy North ( 1994 ) . Johansson subsequently starred in Manny & Lo ( 1996 ) , and garnered further acclaim and prominence with roles in The Horse Whisperer ( 1998 ) and Ghost World ( 2001 ) . She shifted to adult roles with her performances in Girl with a Pearl Earring ( 2003 ) and Lost in Translation ( 2003 ) , for which she won a BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role . Her subsequent films included A Love Song for Bobby Long ( 2004 ) , Match Point ( 2005 ) , The Island ( 2005 ) , The Black Dahlia ( 2006 ) , The Prestige ( 2006 ) , The Other Boleyn Girl ( 2008 ) , Vicky Cristina Barcelona ( 2008 ) , He 's Just Not That Into You ( 2009 ) , Don Jon ( 2013 ) , Her ( 2013 ) , Under the Skin ( 2013 ) , Lucy ( 2014 ) , The Jungle Book ( 2016 ) , and Ghost in the Shell ( 2017 ) . Since 2008 , Johansson has also portrayed the Marvel Comics character Black Widow in the Marvel Cinematic Universe . She won the Tony Award for Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a Play for her performance in the 2010 Broadway revival of A View from the Bridge . As a singer , Johansson has released two albums , Anywhere I Lay My Head ( 2008 ) and Break Up ( 2009 ) . Johansson is considered one of Hollywood 's modern sex symbols , and has frequently appeared in published lists of the sexiest women in the world . , she is the highest-grossing actress of all time in North America , with her films making over $ 3.6 billion . In 2016 , she was the highest-grossing actress , with a $ 1.2 billion total for the year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "658b3715146722d0aa3b4ca34c4a2c58", "text": "Tenth Doctor The Tenth Doctor is an incarnation of the Doctor , the protagonist of the BBC science fiction television programme Doctor Who , who is played by David Tennant in three series as well as nine specials . As with previous incarnations of the Doctor , the character has also appeared in other Doctor Who spin-offs . In the programme 's narrative , the Doctor is a centuries-old Time Lord alien from the planet Gallifrey who travels in time in his TARDIS , frequently with companions . When the Doctor is critically injured beyond medical repair , he can regenerate his body ; in doing so , his physical appearance and personality change , and a new actor assumes the role . Tennant 's portrayal of the Doctor is of an outwardly charismatic and charming adventurer whose likable and easygoing attitude can quickly turn to righteous fury when provoked . This incarnation 's companions include working class shop assistant Rose Tyler ( Billie Piper ) , medical student Martha Jones ( Freema Agyeman ) , and fiery temp worker Donna Noble ( Catherine Tate ) . He eventually parts ways with them all by the end of the 2008 series finale , `` Journey 's End '' , after which he attempts to travel alone for the duration of the 2008 -- 2010 specials before being accompanied by Donna Noble 's grandfather Wilfred Mott on his final adventure in The End of Time . In November 2013 , Tennant 's Doctor was voted `` The UK 's favourite Doctor '' in a survey held by the Radio Times magazine .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ed7823d01d935dee968a9df61cb6619d", "text": "Starkiller Starkiller , born Galen Marek and also known as The Apprentice , is the Dark Jedi anti-hero protagonist of the Star Wars : The Force Unleashed project . In 2014 , Lucasfilm rebranded him as part of the Star Wars Legends non-canonical story-line , and the character has not been re-introduced yet into the Star Wars canon . He is raised by Darth Vader and is made his secret apprentice under the name `` Starkiller '' due to being potent with using the Force for destructive purposes and described as less of an assassin and more of a `` Force wrecking ball '' . The character 's name is taken from Luke Skywalker 's original name , `` Annikin Starkiller '' . The character 's likeness and voice are provided by Samuel Witwer . Despite The Force Unleashed being of non-canonical Legends status , Witwer still remains part of the Star Wars canon by voicing Darth Maul in the animated series Star Wars : The Clone Wars and Star Wars Rebels . IGN called Starkiller 's story `` nice and complete '' . Game Informer , UGO Networks and GameDaily also gave good reviews . However , GamesRadar has criticized Starkiller 's design . In GameSpot 's vote for the greatest video game character of all time , Starkiller ( as `` The Apprentice '' ) was eliminated in round 1 against Niko Bellic .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0f63e87f9a7339b3134b10ea741f8e3f", "text": "Draconian (Doctor Who) The Draconians are an extraterrestrial race . They were featured in the British science fiction television series Doctor Who . Their only television appearance to date was in the 1973 serial Frontier in Space . Unlike many `` monster '' races in Doctor Who , the Draconians were articulate and portrayed as having a sophisticated and advanced culture like feudal Japan . In later interviews , Jon Pertwee cited the Draconians as his favourite of all the monsters he had encountered during his time as the Doctor . The Draconian Empire was a vast spacefaring feudal civilisation of reptilian humanoids , centered on the planet Draconia , with a society stratifed along class and gender lines ( for example , females were not permitted to speak in the presence of the Emperor ) that was bound by a strong code of honour . The Draconian Empire dated back to at least the 21st century , when a space plague that afflicted their world was dealt with by the Doctor . For his services , the 15th Emperor made the Doctor a noble of Draconia . The Earth Empire 's first contact with the Draconian Empire was in the year 2520 . The ship sent by the Draconians for the peace mission was a battlecruiser , as befitted a noble of Draconia , although ( as agreed ) its missile banks were empty and it was otherwise unarmed . However , both Draconian and Earth ships were caught in a neutron storm , damaging the Earth ship and destroying the Draconian ship 's communications systems . As a result , the Draconian ship was unable to respond to the Earth ship 's signals . The commander of the Earth ship saw what he perceived to be a battlecruiser bearing down on his crippled vessel and gave the order to attack , destroying the battlecruiser and triggering off a brief but bloody war in which millions of lives were lost . An uneasy peace was negotiated in the end , leading to two decades of cold war and the carving out of a frontier between the two empires . In 2540 , several incidents involving attacks on cargo freighters along their respective borders nearly led to the war turning hot once more , with both sides accusing the other of piracy and violating the frontier . These attacks turned out to be the work of Ogron mercenaries under the orders of the renegade Time Lord known as the Master , who was using a sonic hypnosis device to make the Earth crews see the Ogrons as Draconians and vice versa . The Master had allied himself with the Daleks , who were launching another bid for galactic conquest and hoped to pick up the pieces after a new Earth-Draconia War . The plot was revealed by the Third Doctor , and instead of going to war against each other , the two empires united against the Daleks .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "30b9c8bdecf411d6a5c6de20010206ba", "text": "Knight A knight is a person granted an honorary title of knighthood by a monarch or other political leader for service to the monarch or country , especially in a military capacity . Historically , in Europe , knighthood was conferred upon mounted warriors . During the High Middle Ages , knighthood was considered a class of lower nobility . By the Late Middle Ages , the rank had become associated with the ideals of chivalry , a code of conduct for the perfect courtly Christian warrior . Often , a knight was a vassal who served as a fighter for a lord , with payment in the form of land holdings . The lords trusted the knights , who were skilled in battle on horseback . Since the early modern period , the title of knight is purely honorific , usually bestowed by a monarch , as in the British honours system , often for non-military service to the country . The modern female equivalent in the United Kingdom is Dame . Historically , the ideals of chivalry were popularized in medieval literature , especially the Matter of Britain and Matter of France , the former based on Geoffrey of Monmouth 's Historia Regum Britanniae ( History of the Kings of Britain ) which introduced the legend of King Arthur , written in the 1130s . Sir Thomas Malory 's Le Morte d'Arthur ( The Death of Arthur ) , written in 1485 , was important in defining the ideal of chivalry , which is essential to the modern concept of the knight , as an elite warrior sworn to uphold the values of faith , loyalty , courage , and honour . Furthermore , Geoffroi de Charny 's `` Book of Chivalry '' expounded upon the importance of Christian faith in every area of a knight 's life . During the Renaissance , the genre of chivalric romance became popular in literature , growing ever more idealistic and eventually giving rise to a new form of realism in literature popularised by Miguel de Cervantes ' Don Quixote . This novel explored the ideals of knighthood and their incongruity with the reality of Cervantes ' world . In the late medieval period , new methods of warfare began to render classical knights in armour obsolete , but the titles remained in many nations . Some orders of knighthood , such as the Knights Templar , have become the subject of legend ; others have disappeared into obscurity . Today , a number of orders of knighthood continue to exist in several countries , such as the English Order of the Garter , the Swedish Royal Order of the Seraphim , and the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav . Each of these orders has its own criteria for eligibility , but knighthood is generally granted by a head of state or monarch to selected persons to recognise some meritorious achievement . Knighthood in the Middle Ages was closely linked with horsemanship ( and especially the joust ) from its origins in the 12th century until its final flowering as a fashion among the high nobility in the Duchy of Burgundy in the 15th century . This linkage is reflected in the etymology of chivalry , cavalier and related terms ( see Etymology section below ) . The special prestige accorded to mounted warriors finds a parallel in the furusiyya in the Muslim world , and the Greek hippeus and Roman eques of classical antiquity .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4031ee0f69f0cf1e9a5a8f0ff9286923", "text": "Morgan Stark Morgan Stark is a Marvel Comics character .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "226fdaa88892745fb2a5c3d63b742346", "text": "Rosalind (As You Like It) Rosalind is the heroine and protagonist of the play As You Like It ( 1600 ) by William Shakespeare . She is the beautiful daughter of the exiled Duke Senior and niece to his usurping brother Duke Frederick . Her father is banished from the kingdom which breaks her heart . She then meets Orlando , one of her father 's friends ' son and falls in love with him . After angering her uncle , she leaves his court for exile in the Forest of Arden . Disguised as a shepherd named Ganymede , Rosalind lives with her sweet and devoted cousin , Celia ( who is disguised as Ganymede 's sister , Aliena ) , and Duke Frederick 's fool Touchstone . Eventually , Rosalind is reunited with her father and married to her faithful lover , Orlando . Rosalind is one of Shakespeare 's most recognized heroines . Admired for her intelligence , quick wit , and beauty , Rosalind is a vital character in `` As You Like It . '' Most commonly seen next to her beloved cousin Celia , Rosalind is also a faithful friend , leader , and schemer . She stays true to her family and friends throughout the entire story , no matter how dangerous the consequences . Rosalind dominates the stage . Her true decision-making skills can be seen in the last scene of Act V ( 5 ) where she has to present herself as Rosalind to her father and to Orlando , but at the same time change Phebe 's opinion to marry Silvius . She is the main character of the play who extracts the clarity of important traits in other characters .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b7ab3dbc6ecb22c0775f1428d523c8e0", "text": "Sansa Stark Sansa Stark is a fictional character created by American author George R. R. Martin . She is a prominent character in Martin 's award-winning A Song of Ice and Fire series . Introduced in 1996 's A Game of Thrones , Sansa is the eldest daughter and second child of Lord Eddard Stark and his wife Lady Catelyn Stark . She subsequently appeared in the following three novels , A Clash of Kings ( 1998 ) , A Storm of Swords ( 2000 ) and A Feast for Crows ( 2005 ) . While absent from the fifth novel A Dance with Dragons as the books are separated geographically , Sansa is confirmed to return in the forthcoming next book in the series , The Winds of Winter . In HBO 's adaptation of the series , Game of Thrones , Sansa Stark is played by Sophie Turner . The character has received critical acclaim , being praised as the 4th greatest character in the series by Rolling Stone . She and the rest of the cast were nominated for Screen Actors Guild Awards for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series in 2012 , 2014 , 2015 and 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "23585aef9ebc6c14724579bca7249e4b", "text": "The Climb (Game of Thrones) `` The Climb '' is the sixth episode of the third season of HBO 's fantasy television series Game of Thrones , and the 26th episode of the series . Directed by Alik Sakharov and written by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss , it aired on May 5 , 2013 . The episode 's title comes from climbing of the wall by Jon Snow and Ygritte , and also the references from dialogue between Lord Petyr Baelish and Lord Varys .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aa643cbc5903ce20e90f52d7b779245e", "text": "Essay of Dramatick Poesie Essay of Dramatic Poesy by John Dryden was published in 1668 . It was probably written during the plague year of 1666 . Dryden takes up the subject that Philip Sidney had set forth in his Defence of Poesie ( 1580 ) and attempts to justify drama as a legitimate form of `` poetry '' comparable to the epic , as well as defend English drama against that of the ancients and the French . The treatise is a dialogue between four speakers : Eugenius , Crites , Lisideius , and Neander . The four speakers represented , respectively Charles Sackville ( Lord Buchhurst and later sixth Earl of Dorset ) , Sir Robert Howard -LSB- playwright and Dryden 's brother-in-law -RSB- , Sir Charles Sedley ( Edward Malone identified him as Lisideius ) and Dryden himself ( neander means `` new man '' and implies that Dryden , as a respected member of the gentry class , is entitled to join in this dialogue on an equal footing with the three older men who are his social superiors ) . On the day that the English fleet encounters the Dutch at sea near the mouth of the Thames , the four friends take a barge downriver towards the noise from the battle . Rightly concluding , as the noise subsides , that the English have triumphed , they order the bargeman to row them back upriver as they begin a dialogue on the advances made by modern civilization . They agree to measure progress by comparing ancient arts with modern , focusing specifically on the art of drama ( or `` dramatic poesy '' ) . The four men debate a series of three topics : ( 1 ) the relative merit of classical drama ( upheld by Crites ) vs. modern drama ( championed by Eugenius ) ; ( 2 ) whether French drama , as Lisideius maintains , is better than English drama ( supported by Neander , who famously calls Shakespeare `` the greatest soul , ancient or modern '' ) ; and ( 3 ) whether plays in rhyme are an improvement upon blank verse drama -- a proposition that Neander , despite having defended the Elizabethans , now advances against the skeptical Crites ( who also switches from his original position and defends the blank verse tradition of Elizabethan drama ) . Invoking the so-called unities from Aristotle 's Poetics ( as interpreted by Italian and refined by French scholars over the last century ) , the four speakers discuss what makes a play `` a just and lively imitation '' of human nature in action . This definition of a play , supplied by Lisideius/Orrery ( whose rhymed plays had dazzled the court and were a model for the new drama ) , gives the debaters a versatile and richly ambiguous touchstone . To Crites ' argument that the plots of classical drama are more `` just , '' Eugenius can retort that modern plots are more `` lively '' thanks to their variety . Lisideius shows that the French plots carefully preserve Aristotle 's unities of action , place , and time ; Neander replies that English dramatists like Ben Jonson also kept the unities when they wanted to , but that they preferred to develop character and motive . Even Neander 's final argument with Crites over whether rhyme is suitable in drama depends on Aristotle 's Poetics : Neander says that Aristotle demands a verbally artful ( `` lively '' ) imitation of nature , while Crites thinks that dramatic imitation ceases to be `` just '' when it departs from ordinary speech -- i.e. prose or blank verse . A year later , the two brothers-in-law quarreled publicly over this third topic . See Dryden 's `` Defense of An Essay of Dramatic Poesy '' ( 1669 ) , where Dryden tries to persuade the rather literal-minded Howard that audiences expect a play to be an imitation of nature , not a surrogate for nature itself .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "24d22d9f72b4f8005f464a9df3675e93", "text": "Ned Stark Eddard `` Ned '' Stark is a fictional character in the first book of George R. R. Martin 's A Song of Ice and Fire series of fantasy novels and the first season of its television adaptation . Introduced in 1996 's A Game of Thrones , Ned is the honorable lord of Winterfell , an ancient fortress in the North of the fictional continent of Westeros . Though the character is established as a primary character in the novel and the TV adaptation , Martin 's plot twist at the end involving Ned shocked both readers of the book and viewers of the TV series . Ned is portrayed by Sean Bean in the first season of HBO 's adaptation of the series , Game of Thrones , and as a child and young man by Sebastian Croft and Robert Aramayo respectively in the sixth season . Bean was nominated for a Saturn Award for Best Actor on Television and a Scream Award for Best Fantasy Actor for the role . He and the rest of the cast were nominated for Screen Actors Guild Awards for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series in 2011 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cc21b14896f13726a8e5abd3583ca6b8", "text": "Leda (mythology) In Greek mythology , Leda ( -LSB- ˈliːdə , _ ˈleɪ - -RSB- Λήδα -LSB- lɛ͜ɛ́da͜a -RSB- ) was daughter of the Aetolian king Thestius , and wife of king Tyndareus of Sparta . Her myth gave rise to the popular motif in Renaissance and later art of Leda and the Swan . She was the mother of Helen of Troy , Clytemnestra , and Castor and Pollux ( Κάστωρ καὶ Πολυδεύκης , also spelled Kastor and Polydeuces ) . Leda was admired by Zeus , who seduced her in the guise of a swan . As a swan , Zeus fell into her arms for protection from a pursuing eagle . Their consummation , on the same night as Leda lay with her husband Tyndareus , resulted in two eggs from which hatched Helen ( later known as the beautiful `` Helen of Troy '' ) , Clytemnestra , and Castor and Pollux ( also known as the Dioscuri . Which children are the progeny of Tyndareus the mortal king , and which are of Zeus and thus half-immortal , is not consistent among accounts , nor is which child hatched from which egg . The split is almost always half mortal , half divine , although the pairings do not always reflect the children 's heritage pairings . Castor and Pollux are sometimes both mortal , sometimes both divine . One consistent point is that if only one of them is immortal , it is Pollux . It is also always stated that Helen is the daughter of Zeus . Leda also had other daughters by Tyndareus : Timandra , Phoebe , and Philonoe . In Homer 's Iliad '' , Helen looks down from the walls of Troy and wonders why she does not see her brothers among the Achaeans . The narrator remarks that they are both already dead and buried back in their homeland of Lacedaemon , thus suggesting that at least in the Homeric tradition , both were mortal . Another account of the myth states that Nemesis was the mother of Helen , and was also impregnated by Zeus in the guise of a swan . A shepherd found the egg and gave it to Leda , who carefully kept it in a chest until the egg hatched . When the egg hatched , Leda adopted Helen as her daughter . Zeus also commemorated the birth of Helen by creating the constellation Cygnus , the Swan , in the sky .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "73579cd325376f98056507847056dae2", "text": "Portia (The Merchant of Venice) Portia is the heroine of William Shakespeare 's The Merchant of Venice . A rich , beautiful , and intelligent heiress , she is bound by the lottery set forth in her father 's will , which gives potential suitors the chance to choose between three caskets composed of gold , silver and lead . If they choose the right casket -- the casket containing Portia 's portrait and a scroll -- they win Portia 's hand in marriage . If they choose the wrong casket , they must leave and never seek another woman in marriage . Portia is glad when two suitors , one driven by greed and another by vanity , fail to choose correctly . She favours Bassanio , a young Venetian noble , but is not allowed to give him any clues to assist in his choice . Later in the play , she disguises herself as a man , then assumes the role of a lawyer 's apprentice ( named Balthazar ) whereby she saves the life of Bassanio 's friend , Antonio , in court . Portia is one of the most prominent and appealing of the heroines in Shakespeare 's mature romantic comedies . She is beautiful , gracious , rich , intelligent , and quick-witted , with high standards for her potential romantic partners . She obeys her father 's will , while steadfastly seeking to obtain Bassanio . She demonstrates tact to the Princes of Morocco and Aragon , who unsuccessfully seek her hand . In the court scenes , Portia finds a technicality in the bond , thereby outwitting Shylock and saving Antonio 's life when everyone else fails . It is Portia who delivers one of the most famous speeches in The Merchant of Venice : The strength of the role of Portia has made it attractive to many notable actresses . Frances Abington , Sarah Siddons and Elizabeth Whitlock all played Portia in the 18th century when actresses first started appearing on stage in performances of the play . More recently , the role has been depicted in the cinema and on television by a number of notable actresses such as Maggie Smith , Claire Bloom , Sybil Thorndike , Joan Plowright , Caroline John and Gemma Jones . Despite Portia 's lack of formal legal training , she wins her case by referring to the details of the exact language of the law . Her success involves prevailing on technicalities rather than the merits of the situation . She uses the tactics of what is sometimes called a Philadelphia lawyer . However , the concept of rhetoric and its abuse is also brought to light by Portia -- highlighting the idea that an unjust argument may win through eloquence , loopholes and technicalities , regardless of the moral question at hand -- and thus provoking the audience to consider that issue .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "db8674ad5654c12bbcfacd9d3d66e9d0", "text": "Adaptive expertise Adaptive expertise is a broad construct that encompasses a range of cognitive , motivational , and personality-related components , as well as habits of mind and dispositions . Generally , problem-solvers demonstrate adaptive expertise when they are able to efficiently solve previously encountered tasks and generate new procedures for new tasks . This definition can be contrasted with more traditional ideas of expertise popularized by Chi and others , which do not typically consider adaptation to completely novel situations . Its empirical validity has been examined in a number of training and learning contexts . The term was first coined by Giyoo Hatano and Kayoko Inagaki , to tease out the variability within groups of experts . Hatano and Inagaki , described two types of expertise : routine expertise , or classic expertise , and adaptive expertise . They defined routine expertise as involving mastering procedures in such a way as to become highly efficient and accurate , whereas developing adaptive expertise requires an individual to develop conceptual understanding that allows the `` expert '' to invent new solutions to problems and even new procedures for solving problems . To illustrate , imagine two sushi chefs : one who makes every piece perfectly but routinely makes the same few types over and over ( routine , or classic , expertise ) , and one produces new menus frequently ( adaptive expertise ) . To some , this is an unfair comparison , as ones ' environment supports behavior . For example , the routine of the classic expert sushi chef may be tied to his restaurant environment , and this chef may be able to break out of the routines easily given a different situation . However , the adaptive expert chef clearly demonstrates flexible knowledge and performance of sushi-making . Learning Scientists are interested in adaptive expertise , in part because they would like to understand the types of learning trajectories that may allow practitioners break free from routines when necessary . There is not , however , a true dichotomy between adaptive and classic expertise . Expertise can be thought of as a continuum of adaptive ability . On one end , practitioners can be classified as `` routinely skilled '' versus `` innovatively competent '' ; as `` artisans '' versus `` virtuosos '' ; or as those approaching a task in a routine versus more flexible way . The notion of adaptive expertise suggests that new problems can be viewed as a platform for exploration in a new problem space and not just an opportunity to practice completing a task more efficiently . For example , adaptability enabled the Apollo 13 crew to successfully build an air filter from ill-fitting parts whilst in space , while the TV chef , Jamie Oliver , is able to flamboyantly and creatively produce good food using only simple ingredients . A distinguishing feature of adaptive expertise is the ability to apply knowledge effectively to novel problems or atypical cases in a domain . Holyoak characterized adaptive experts as being capable of drawing on their knowledge to invent new procedures for solving unique or fresh problems , rather than simply applying already mastered procedures . Adaptability allows experts to recognize when highly practiced rules and principles do not apply in certain situations in which other solvers might typically attempt to use a previously learned procedure . Moreover , studies have shown that this flexibility can result in better performance than that of classically defined experts , resulting in , amongst other things , better technical trouble shooting ; workplace error avoidance ; and more accurate medical diagnosis . John D. Bransford considers this flexible , innovative application of knowledge , in large part , underlies adaptive experts ' greater tendency to enrich and refine their understanding on the basis of continuing experience to learn from problem-solving episodes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "829dad31afe01d907adb5f39cccc2edd", "text": "Airpower Airpower or air power comprises the application of military strategy and strategic theory to the realm of aerial warfare . Airpower began with the advent of powered flight early in the 20th century . Airpower represents a `` complex operating environment that has been subjected to considerable debate '' . British doctrine defines airpower as `` the ability to project power from the air and space to influence the behaviour of people or the course of events . '' Airpower is a function of air supremacy and numbers . Roughly speaking , a combatant side that has 100 % or near 100 % control of the skies has air supremacy ; an advantage of some 70 -- 90 % would indicate air superiority . A 50/50 split is air parity ; lower than this , one side may be said to be air denied or air incapable . Because aeroplanes generally take off from designed airfields on missions typically involving some hours of cruising , the precise state of air superiority is fluid and less defined vis-a-vis land or sea warfare . For example , a contested airspace directly above a battlespace bristling with anti-aircraft weapons may be denied to the air forces of both sides . Further , the completely different situations of a technologically advanced airforce with one flight of high-tech planes ( air supremacy but low capacity ) or a low-tech force of massive numbers of low-tech planes ( e.g. , An-2 ) resulting in high capacity but low long-term survivability demonstrate that ` air power ' is multi-faceted and complex . Significant contributors to theorizing about air power have been Giulio Douhet , Billy Mitchell , John Boyd and John A. Warden III . At the start of World War I , opinions differed on the national air forces and the value of airships . Some early strategists/visionaries after World War I imagined that airpower alone would suffice to bring nations to their knees . The Bombing of Guernica was an early trial that revealed both capabilities and limitations . But yet another maxim , `` no war was ever won solely by airpower '' was challenged by the NATO victory in Kosovo . Airpower has been used to conduct lightning strategic strikes , to complement land offensives , to instill fear and lower morale similarly to a fleet in being , and to create broad-based destruction behind enemy lines . With airpower , supplies can be transported by cargo planes , providing a decisive edge in mobility . Military and civilian aircraft interact in a number of complex ways , including shootdowns of civilian planes , whether mistaken or not ; military escorts of civilian planes ; civilian planes being used for military transport , espionage , or other purposes ; and/or no-fly zones being enforced to punish or sanction a target nation . Airpower also relates to space power , although militarization of space remains regulated by international treaty . Developed nations have enjoyed a consistent advantage in airpower since the beginning of mechanized flight . Airpower has been wielded mostly decisively in the last hundred years by Nazi Germany , the United Kingdom , the United States , the Soviet Union , Japan , Italy , and France , with many client nations using aircraft developed by one or more of these nations . A mass technological base is considered necessary for the development of airpower .", "title": "" } ]	fever
a71c4e07272ca94b7eeb55a5ba2c2f6c	Keanu Reeves is a musician.	[ { "docid": "73fa54084f1f6a841e01e4c7ab5f26da", "text": "Keanu Reeves Keanu Charles Reeves ( -LSB- kiːˈɑːnuː -RSB- ; born September 2 , 1964 ) is a Canadian actor , director , producer , and musician . Reeves is best known for his acting career , beginning in 1985 and spanning more than three decades . He gained fame for his starring role performances in several blockbuster films including comedies from the Bill and Ted franchise ( 1989 -- 1991 ) ; action thrillers Point Break ( 1991 ) , Speed ( 1994 ) , and the John Wick franchise ; psychological thriller The Devil 's Advocate ( 1997 ) ; supernatural thriller Constantine ( 2005 ) ; and science fiction/action series The Matrix ( 1999 -- 2003 ) . He has also appeared in dramatic films such as Dangerous Liaisons ( 1988 ) , My Own Private Idaho ( 1991 ) , and Little Buddha ( 1993 ) , as well as the romantic horror Bram Stoker 's Dracula ( 1992 ) . Since becoming active in the film industry , Reeves has earned critical acclaim . One New York Times critic praised Reeves ' versatility , saying that he `` displays considerable discipline and range ... he moves easily between the buttoned-down demeanor that suits a police procedural story and the loose-jointed manner of his comic roles '' . However , Reeves has spent much of his later career being typecast . A recurring character arc in many roles he has portrayed is one of saving the world , as can be seen in the characters of Ted Logan , Buddha , Neo , Johnny Mnemonic , John Constantine , and Klaatu . His acting has garnered several awards , including a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame . During his film career , Reeves has engaged in several forms of artistic expression . Active as a musician for over a decade , he played bass guitar for the bands Dogstar and Becky . Acting onstage , he performed as Prince Hamlet for the Manitoba Theatre Centre 's production of Hamlet . He wrote the text for a picture book , Ode to Happiness , illustrated by Alexandra Grant . He has also produced a documentary , Side by Side , and directed the martial arts film Man of Tai Chi .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "88ba77533c5bed2abc29f08e90b37b6b", "text": "Guitarist A guitarist ( or a guitar player ) is a person who plays the guitar . Guitarists may play a variety of guitar family instruments such as classical guitars , acoustic guitars , electric guitars , and bass guitars . Some guitarists accompany themselves on the guitar by singing or playing the harmonica .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "586f4851a9a4e53ebfdd7743f78da027", "text": "Guitar technician A guitar technician ( or ` guitar tech ' ) is a member of a music ensemble 's road crew who maintains and sets up the musical equipment for one or more guitarists . Depending on the type and size of band , the guitar tech may be responsible for stringing , tuning , and adjusting electric guitars and acoustic guitars , and maintaining and setting up guitar amplifiers and other related electronic equipment such as effect pedals . Once the guitar equipment has been set up onstage , the guitar tech does a soundcheck to ensure that the equipment is working well . If there are any problems , the guitar tech replaces or repairs the faulty components or equipment . Since guitar techs need to soundcheck the instruments and amplifiers , they must have basic guitar-playing skills , a musical `` ear '' for tuning , and a familiarity with the way guitars , amplifiers , and effect pedals are supposed to sound in the style of music of their band . Guitar techs learn their craft either `` on the job '' , by working in a range of music , sound engineering , and instrument repair jobs ; by completing a guitar repair program at a college or lutherie school ; or from a combination of these two routes . The salaries and conditions of work for guitar techs vary widely , depending on whether a guitar tech is working for a minor or regional touring bar band or a major international touring act .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d0969804e9710a2f1b62b0222964e771", "text": "Reevesia Reevesia is a genus of flowering plant in the Malvaceae family .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c5887bf4536e3e9d113ecafcf355f517", "text": "Elvis Presley's guitars Elvis Presley 's guitars were a major component of the iconic rock and roll image created by Elvis Presley that revolutionized popular culture in the 1950s and 1960s . It is impossible to gauge the impact of that image on millions of young people around the world who were inspired to learn to play guitar after watching Presley in performance , on television , or in films . Although not known for his abilities as a guitarist , Presley had a profound musical influence on some of the most important rock and roll artists to emerge since the 1950s , including Buddy Holly , John Lennon , Paul McCartney , George Harrison , Bob Dylan , and Bruce Springsteen . The extent of Presley 's impact on their lives and music is captured in John Lennon 's famous quote : `` Before Elvis , there was nothing . '' According to his first lead guitarist , Scotty Moore , Presley was not `` an accomplished musician '' , yet he possessed `` an uncanny and amazing sense of timing and rhythm . '' In the early years of his career , Presley 's rhythm guitar accompaniment played a major role in the sound of his early performances and recordings . Moore noted that as Presley began to learn to move on stage and to work the audience with his physical performance , his guitar became more of a `` prop '' . Presley was not known to treat his instruments in a gentle manner . His very aggressive strumming style would frequently break strings during his performances . The lack of a microphone on his guitar throughout those years contributed to the development of his `` aggressive style in attempt to be heard '' . As his career progressed , he became even more aggressive toward his instruments , frequently tossing his guitar to Charlie Hodge , who sometimes failed to catch it . The impact of the large belt buckles and jewelry he wore left their marks on most of his instruments .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c45f4f5334cadaf1d57b672a7bed1c9a", "text": "Grammy Award for Video of the Year The Grammy Award for Video of the Year was an honor presented to recording artists at the 24th Grammy Awards in 1982 and the 25th Grammy Awards in 1983 for music videos . The Grammy Awards , an annual ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards , are presented by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to `` honor artistic achievement , technical proficiency and overall excellence in the recording industry , without regard to album sales or chart position '' . First presented in 1982 to Michael Nesmith for Elephant Parts , the award was reserved for quality `` video cassettes or discs in any format created specifically for the home video market '' . In 1983 , Olivia Newton-John was presented the award for Olivia Physical . Beginning with the 1984 Grammy Awards , the Video of the Year award category was replaced with the categories Best Video , Short Form and Best Video Album ( now known as Best Music Video and Best Music Film , respectively ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "199784372c4b3f3e540c4a8787b07ea0", "text": "Concert film A concert film or concert movie , is a type of documentary film , the subject of which is an extended live performance or concert by either a musician or a stand-up comedian .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4c381b8a8c684f2775237d4033dd78e9", "text": "August Jam August Jam was an outdoor concert held on Saturday , August 10 , 1974 , at the Charlotte Motor Speedway outside Charlotte , North Carolina , in the United States . The concert promoter was Kaleidoscope Productions and it was sponsored by radio stations WAYS and WROQ . The concert featured The Allman Brothers Band , Emerson , Lake & Palmer , Foghat , Black Oak Arkansas , The Marshall Tucker Band , The Ozark Mountain Daredevils , PFM , Grinderswitch , and others . The Eagles were booked to play but cancelled . It was the largest concert ever held in the state of North Carolina and one of the largest in the U.S. at that time , with an estimated attendance in excess of 200,000 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6b8a28b694c093fcc7a49848747b253d", "text": "Country Style, USA Country Style , USA is a series of 15-minute radio and film programs produced by the US Army as a recruiting aid from 1957 to 1960 featuring top American country music artists . Each year 13 episodes were produced in Nashville , Tennessee , and distributed to local radio and TV stations . Among the hosts were Jody McCrea and Charlie Applewhite . Artists featured on the shows included Johnny Cash , Moon Mullican , and Jim Reeves . The programs were produced by Owen Bradley and his brother Harold . They should not be confused with the 1950 DuMont TV series , Country Style . The series was released on DVD by season in 2008 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "979551e25660bcb28690950f7939e82a", "text": "Guitar battle A guitar battle ( or guitar duel ) is where two or more guitar players take turns soloing , either with or without a rhythm section . The purpose of the guitar battle is to determine who among each of the guitar players present is the most proficient on the instrument . Often , it begins with the guitarists trading licks and phrases , while gradually increasing the complexity of the technique used . A guitar battle can be said to be over when one guitarist outplays ( either through skill , endurance or the other guitarist ( s ) acknowledging that they can not win ) all the other guitar players present . This is also known among guitarists as a head-cutting duel or simply as cutting heads .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bcfa697ec0f0c77150626709c1bba951", "text": "Superman Tonight `` Superman Tonight '' is a song by American rock band Bon Jovi . It is the second single release from the band 's eleventh studio album The Circle . The single was released on January 25 , 2010 . On December 12 , 2009 , Bon Jovi performed the song on Saturday Night Live .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8a4a7b98ea4f9bb7ffb7089ead8c6c54", "text": "Double album A double album ( or double record ) is an audio album which spans two units of the primary medium in which it is sold , typically records and compact discs . A double album is usually though not always released as such , because the recording is longer than the capacity of the medium . Recording artists often think of double albums as comprising a single piece artistically ; however , there are exceptions such as John Lennon 's Some Time in New York City and Pink Floyd 's Ummagumma ( both examples of one studio record and one live album packaged together ) and OutKast 's Speakerboxxx/The Love Below ( effectively two solo albums , one by each member of the duo ) . A classic example of this idea is Works ( Volume One ) by Emerson Lake and Palmer , where side one was Keith Emerson , two Greg Lake , three Carl Palmer while side four was by the entire group . Since the advent of the compact disc , albums are sometimes released with a bonus disc featuring additional material as a supplement to the main album , with live tracks , studio out-takes , cut songs , or older unreleased material . One innovation is the accompaniment of a CD with a DVD of related material , such as video related to the album or DVD-Audio versions of the same recordings . These could be regarded as a new form of double album ; some such discs were also released on a two-sided format called DualDisc . Due to the limitations of the gramophone record , many albums primarily released on the format were under 40 minutes long . This has led to record labels re-releasing two of these albums on one CD , thus making a double album . The same principles apply to the triple album , which comprises three units . Packages with more units than three are often packaged as a box set .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8408d39de84d4a90463e3f24f6582805", "text": "Before the Music Dies Before the Music Dies ( B4MD ) is a 2006 U.S. documentary film that criticizes the American music industry and the increasing commercialization of the art of music over the past thirty years . The film features interviews and performances from such musicians and groups as Doyle Bramhall II , Erykah Badu , Eric Clapton , Dave Matthews , Branford Marsalis , Elvis Costello , Bonnie Raitt and My Morning Jacket . It was directed by Andrew Shapter , produced by Joel Rasmussen , and co-written by Shapter and Rasmussen . The film premiered on March 12 , 2006 at the South by Southwest film festival in Austin , Texas .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "58acd6103e4e276cb3e0452ccb963148", "text": "Patience for the Waiting Patience For The Waiting ( Special Edition Acoustic EP ) '' ' is an EP by American singer-songwriter and musician Jason Reeves .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "532b8d92510feeff72678b5f7b0ae887", "text": "Grammy Award for Best Hard Rock/Metal Performance The Grammy Award for Best Hard Rock/Metal Performance was an award presented at the 2012 and 2013 Grammy Awards , a ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards . According to the 54th Grammy Awards description guide it was designed for solo , duo/groups or collaborative ( vocal or instrumental ) hard rock or metal recordings and was limited to singles or tracks only . The award was first presented in 2012 , after a major restructuring of Grammy categories . It combined the previous categories Best Hard Rock Performance and Best Metal Performance . The restructuring was a result of the Recording Academy 's wish to decrease the list of categories and awards . However , the Recording Academy announced in June 2013 that the category would split in 2014 , returning the Best Metal Performance category and recognizing quality hard rock performances in the Best Rock Performance category . According to the Academy , `` it was determined that metal has a very distinctive sound , and hard rock more closely aligns with rock and can exist comfortably as one end of the rock spectrum . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab4b569fee21a43d1882ece56abecd66", "text": "Organist An organist is a musician who plays any type of organ . An organist may play solo organ works , play with an ensemble or orchestra , or accompany one or more singers or instrumental soloists . In addition , an organist may accompany congregational hymn-singing and play liturgical music .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0122ce0b94094fc7ec8fb457fd4f5bab", "text": "Year of the Cat Year of the Cat is the seventh studio album by Al Stewart , released in 1976 and was produced and engineered by Alan Parsons ; it is considered his masterpiece , its sales helped by the hit single `` Year of the Cat '' , `` one of those ` mysterious woman ' songs , '' co-written by Peter Wood . The other single from the album was `` On the Border '' . Stewart wrote `` Lord Grenville '' about the Elizabethan sailor and explorer Sir Richard Grenville ( 1542 -- 1591 ) . Stewart had all of the music and orchestration written and completely recorded before he even had a title for any of the songs . In a Canadian radio interview he stated that he has done this for six of his albums , and he often writes four different sets of lyrics for each song . The title track derives from a song Stewart wrote in 1966 called `` Foot of the Stage '' with prescient lyrics about Tony Hancock , one of Britain 's favourite comedians who tragically committed suicide two years later . When Stewart discovered that Hancock was not well known in the United States , he went back to his original title `` Year of the Cat '' . While Stewart is known for his guitar virtuosity , the song is recognized for producing amazing interplay of multiple guitars , piano , saxophone , violin and drums .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "680902e19fc5e504e09a3ce42bee1195", "text": "Backing vocalist Backing vocalists are singers who provide vocal harmony with the lead vocalist or other backing vocalists . In some cases , a backing singer may sing alone as a lead-in to the main vocalist 's entry or to sing a counter-melody . Backing vocalists are used in a broad range of popular music , traditional music and world music styles . Solo artists may employ professional backing vocalists in studio recording sessions as well as during concerts . In many rock and metal bands ( e.g. , the power trio ) , the musicians doing backup vocals also play instruments , such as guitar , electric bass , drums , or keyboards . In Latin or Afro-Cuban groups , backup singers may play percussion instruments or shakers while singing . In some pop and hip-hop groups and in musical theater , the backup singers may be required to perform elaborately choreographed dance routines while they sing through headset microphones . The style of singing used by backup singers varies according to the type of song and the genre of music the band plays . In pop and country songs , backup vocalists may perform vocal harmony parts to support the lead vocalist . In hardcore punk or rockabilly , other band members who play instruments may sing or shout backup vocals during the chorus ( refrain ) section of the songs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4729e967c5ceb9a2b7d2f37195f56061", "text": "The Magnificent Adventures of Heartache The Magnificent Adventures of Heartache ( full title The Magnificent Adventures of Heartache -LSB- And Other Frightening Tales ... -RSB- ) is the fourth studio album by American singer-songwriter and musician Jason Reeves . The album was self-released in 2007 on the label abeautifularmyoftrees in the United States and later was re-released under Warner Bros. . Records on July 31 , 2008 . Recording and production for the album took place during 2006 and 2007 at the Revolver recording studio in Westlake Village , CA with producer Mikal Blue , as well as at The Backyard Studios with producer Stuart Brawley .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7dfc5a2fb8706ee09bfb309b5cb88d91", "text": "Hazard E. Reeves Hazard Earle Reeves , Jr. ( July 6 , 1906 -- December 23 , 1986 ) was an American pioneer in sound and sound electronics , and introduced magnetic stereophonic sound to motion pictures . He was also the president of over 60 companies , including Cinerama Inc. .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "86b18dfe61ab6fbe6f85db1241ac2a0d", "text": "A Long Ride from Hell A Long Ride from Hell , in the original Italian known as Vivo per la tua morte ( literally `` I Live For Your Death ! '' ) , is a 1968 film directed by Camillo Bazzoni . It was based on the novel Judas Gun by Gordon D. Shirreffs . The film was bodybuilder Steve Reeves ' final film prior to his retirement . Reeves financed the film himself upon seeing the successful box office returns of the Clint Eastwood spaghetti westerns at the time , but the film did poorly and Reeves retired from filmmaking that year . Reeves portrays cowboy Mike Sturges , who , along with his younger brother , Roy , are sentenced to Yuma Penitentiary on a trumped-up train robbery charge . Both endure cruel treatment before Mike escapes to exact revenge on their enemies .", "title": "" } ]	fever
26e1ce64748613d71cd0215a1e93b0a0	Queen Latifah is a rapper.	[ { "docid": "a028d29c676aa945e0e3ecd4aa13bbbd", "text": "Queen Latifah Dana Elaine Owens ( born March 18 , 1970 ) , known professionally by her stage name Queen Latifah , is an American rapper , songwriter , singer , actress , model , television producer , record producer , and talk show host . Born in Newark , New Jersey , she signed with Tommy Boy Records in 1989 and released her debut album All Hail the Queen the same year , featuring the hit single `` Ladies First '' . Her second album , Nature of a Sista ( 1991 ) , was her final album with Tommy Boy Records . Latifah starred as Khadijah James on the FOX sitcom Living Single , from 1993 to 1998 . Her third album Black Reign ( 1993 ) , spawned the single `` U.N.I.T.Y. '' , which won a Grammy Award and was successful on the Billboard Hot 100 . She then starred in the lead role of Set It Off ( 1996 ) and released her fourth album , Order in the Court , in 1998 , with Motown Records . Latifah gained mainstream success and acclaim with her performance in the film Chicago ( 2002 ) , receiving an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress . Latifah released her fifth album The Dana Owens Album in 2004 , and has since appeared in a number of films , such as Bringing Down the House ( 2003 ) , Taxi ( 2004 ) , Barbershop 2 : Back in Business ( 2005 ) , Beauty Shop ( 2005 ) , Last Holiday ( 2006 ) , Hairspray ( 2007 ) and Joyful Noise ( 2012 ) . In 2007 and 2009 , she released two more studio albums -- Trav ` lin ' Light and Persona . She created the daytime talk show The Queen Latifah Show , which ran from late 2013 to early 2015 on CBS . Latifah received critical acclaim for her portrayal of blues singer Bessie Smith in the HBO film Bessie ( 2015 ) , which she co-produced , winning the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Television Movie . She has long been considered one of hip-hop 's pioneer feminists . Queen Latifah received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2006 . Latifah 's work in music , film and television has earned her a Grammy Award , an Emmy Award , a Golden Globe award , three Screen Actors Guild Awards , two NAACP Image Awards , an Academy Award nomination and sales of over two million records .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "c5aa90c45678ed376dd5ad5d492c51cc", "text": "Thelonious Martin Malcolm Martin , otherwise known as Thelonious Martin or King Thelonious is an American Hip Hop record producer from Chicago , Illinois . He is also a member of the Chicago collective Save Money , along with Vic Mensa and Chance The Rapper .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "12bfb54dec8b8a134d3414719e9d200c", "text": "Cupcakke Elizabeth Eden Harris ( born May 31 , 1997 ) , known professionally by her stage name CupcakKe ( often stylized as cupcakKe ) , is an American rapper from Chicago , Illinois . Harris began her career as a rapper by releasing material through the internet in late 2012 . In 2015 , two of her songs , `` Deepthroat '' and `` Vagina '' , went viral on video sharing websites such as YouTube and WorldStarHipHop . The songs were later included on her debut mixtape Cum Cake , which was released in February 2016 and placed at # 23 in Rolling Stone 's `` Best Rap Albums of 2016 '' list and received attention from Pitchfork . Her hyper-sexualized and often comical lyrical content has gained her songs notoriety across the internet , and she has since developed a strong online fanbase whom she nicknamed `` slurpers '' . Her second mixtape , S.T.D. ( Shelters to Deltas ) , was released in 2016 and was included in Rolling Stones June 2016 list of the `` Best Rap Albums of 2016 So Far '' . She has also received attention from music publications Complex and The Fader . Following the release of her mixtapes , Harris ' debut album Audacious was announced via her Twitter page on October 1 , 2016 and subsequently released via digital channels two weeks after , on October 14 , 2016 . Her sophomore studio album Queen Elizabitch was released on March 31 , 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3938a70b8464bed9c34c9899ed500676", "text": "Top Dawg Entertainment Top Dawg Entertainment ( TDE ) is an American independent record label founded in 2004 , by chief executive officer ( CEO ) Anthony `` Top Dawg '' Tiffith . Dave `` Miyatola '' Free and Terrence `` Punch '' Henderson are the co-presidents of TDE . There are currently eight artists signed to the label , Isaiah Rashad , SZA , Lance Skiiiwalker and SiR , as well as the flagship artists , Black Hippy members , Kendrick Lamar , Jay Rock , ScHoolboy Q and Ab-Soul . The label also houses a production division that includes Digi + Phonics , THC , and King Blue .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "106ae4371412686a08b197b1c094ea26", "text": "The Marshall Mathers LP The Marshall Mathers LP is the third studio album by American rapper Eminem . It was released on May 23 , 2000 , by Aftermath Entertainment , Interscope Records , and Eminem 's newly founded label , Shady Records in the United States , and on September 11 , 2000 , by Polydor Records in the United Kingdom . The album was produced mostly by Dr. Dre and Eminem , along with The 45 King , the Bass Brothers , and Mel-Man . Released a year after Eminem 's breakout album The Slim Shady LP , the record features more introspective lyricism including the rapper 's response to his sudden rise to fame and controversy surrounding his lyrics . The album sold more than 1.78 million copies in the US in its first week alone , becoming the fastest-selling studio album by any solo artist in American music history . In 2001 , the album won the Grammy Award for Best Rap Album and was nominated for Album of the Year . Eminem lost the latter to jazz-rock duo Steely Dan and their album Two Against Nature . The album was certified Diamond by the Recording Industry Association of America in March 2011 for shipping 10 million copies in the United States . By December 2016 , the album had sold over 11 million copies in the United States and more than 32 million copies worldwide . A sequel to the album , The Marshall Mathers LP 2 , was released on November 5 , 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "931caf86983e2e5804083da148b8273b", "text": "El Cool Magnifico El Cool Magnifico is the fifth studio album by rapper Coolio . The album was released on October 15 , 2002 for Riviera Records and was produced by Coolio , Vic . C , Devon Davis and Jamie James . Three singles were released `` I Like Girls '' , `` Ghetto Square Dance '' and `` Sunshine '' but neither the singles nor the album made it to the Billboard charts . Daz Dillinger , B-Real and Ms. Toi make guest appearances . Most of the songs were taken from Coolio 's 2001 album Coolio.com .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "261c027bcaf8d834a48c03a9d2393400", "text": "Queen of the Zoo `` Queen of the Zoo '' is a song by American hip hop recording artist Fetty Wap for his upcoming of the album King Zoo . The song was released on June 3 , 2016 by RGF Productions and 300 Entertainment .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "87911452950363e4de5d8ab944bad686", "text": "Bitch Bad `` Bitch Bad '' is a song performed by rapper Lupe Fiasco . It is the second single off his album Food & Liquor II : The Great American Rap Album Pt . 1 . It was released on June 25 , 2012 . `` Bitch Bad '' tackles misogyny in hip hop culture and the use of the word `` bitch '' in rap music , the effects of these things on society and children , and the psychological concept of the Madonna-whore complex .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1c8d168628e6b70b8e3b129713cde680", "text": "Reincarnated (album) Reincarnated is the twelfth studio album by American recording artist Snoop Dogg . It is his first release under his reggae persona Snoop Lion . The album was released on April 23 , 2013 , under Berhane Sound System , Mad Decent , Vice Records and RCA Records . The album is his departure from hip hop and his debut in the reggae genre . The album 's production was handled mainly by Diplo and his group Major Lazer . The album features guest appearances from Busta Rhymes , Akon , Chris Brown , Mavado , Popcaan , Mr. Vegas , Collie Buddz , Miley Cyrus , Rita Ora , and Drake among others . The album 's production was handled by Major Lazer , Ariel Rechtshaid , 6Blocc , Dre Skull , Supa Dups and Diplo , who also served as executive producer . It is a companion project to the documentary film Reincarnated . The album was nominated at the 56th Annual Grammy Awards for Best Reggae Album .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "11b5afa8c0f2326a17df7e278e750f07", "text": "Dante Ross Dante Ross ( born October 11 , 1967 in San Francisco , California ) is an American music industry executive , A&R representative , and producer . He was named one of the top-25 greatest A&R representatives in hip hop by Complex magazine . Ross started his A&R career at Tommy Boy records , at which he signed and handled the careers of such artists as De La Soul , Queen Latifah , and Digital Underground . Ross was then hired by Elektra Records and was the first person ever hired by a major label to be specifically a hip hop A and R man . Ross became the architect of Elektra Records hip hop roster where he signed acts Brand Nubian , Grand Puba , Pete Rock & C.L Smooth , KMD , Leaders of the New School , Busta Rhymes and Ol' Dirty Bastard . He is currently a SVP of A&R ADA Music the independent distribution company owned by the Warner Music Group . He also serves as SVP of A and R for the newly re-activated Asylum records . Dante Ross was born in San Francisco to political activist parents John Ross and mother Norma . He moved to New York City in 1967 . Ross was raised by his mother raised in New York 's Lower East Side , then a predominately Puerto Rican neighborhood , where his mother was a nursery school teacher . Ross grew up skateboarding , writing graffiti and going to see punk rock shows with teenage friends who would eventually become members of The Beastie Boys , The Cro-Mags and Luscious Jackson . He hung out at Manhattan nightclubs such as The Mudd Clubb , Danceteria and The Roxy nightly while still in High School in the early 80 's . He frequently went to see live music at CBGB 's where he often saw The Bad Brains who befriended a young Ross . Hanging out in NYC 's Lower East Side during the early 80 's Ross became friends with many notable punk and hardcore groups as well as various future creatives . He credits this along with watching his friends The Beastie Boys success with him wanting to work in the music business . Ross entered the music business when he was hired as a messenger at the behest of his friends The Beastie Boys and their road manager Sean Carasov at the newly formed Def Jam Recordings . Ross was mentored by Lyor Cohen and Russell Simmons for several years before going to work as an A&R person at Tommy Boy records . This was followed by an 8-year stint at Elektra where he was considered one of the architects of the golden age of Hip Hop . Ross has been in his career an office messenger , a tour manager , an A&R person , a record producer , a notable songwriter and artist manager . As a producer , Ross was a third of the Stimulated Dummies production team with partners John Gamble and Geeby Dajani . The production team worked with artists such as Brand Nubian , Grand Puba , Leaders Of The New School , 3rd Bass , and Del Tha Funky Homosapien . Gamble and Ross later went on to produce sans Dajani Santana , Everlast ( working on both the multi platinum album Whitey Ford Sings the Blues and the gold follow-up Eat at Whitey 's ) , and many others . Ross earned a Grammy in 1998 for his work on Carlos Santana 's Supernatural . Ross ' production work has also appeared on Eminem 's 8 Mile soundtrack , on which he produced and co-wrote two songs that featured Macy Gray and Young Zee . Ross has also been enlisted for his remixing skills , which have been featured on songs by Korn as well as a plethora of other artists in genres as diverse as Nu metal , Dancehall , Neo-Soul and Hip-Hop . Mr. Ross is credited with signing Lil Dicky and Made in TYO who both were awarded platinum records in 2016 . Ugly God his first signing to the re launched Asylum records was awarded a Gold single in May of 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2dd9d3b2e7d7cabc2b8e8c0d6d8d2012", "text": "List of awards and nominations received by Missy Elliott Missy Elliott is an American rapper , singer-songwriter , author , record producer and actress . Missy 's debut album Supa Dupa Fly was released on July 15 , 1997 in the United States under her own label The Goldmind Inc. signed under Elektra Records . Her second album Da Real World was then released on June 22 , 1999 , followed by her third album Miss E. . . So Addictive , released on May 15 , 2001 . Under Construction was the fourth album released by Elliott , which was released on November 12 , 2002 , followed by her fifth album This Is Not a Test ! that saw a release in November 25 , 2003 , and The Cookbook , Elliott 's latest album to date , which was released on July 4 , 2005 . Throughout Missy Elliott 's career , she has received several awards and nominations . Elliott would also be noted to become the first female rapper in history to take home the award for `` Best International Video '' from VIVA Comet Media Awards for her solo debut single , `` The Rain ( Supa Dupa Fly ) '' . Elliott 's debut Supa Dupa Fly ( 1997 ) would go on to score two Grammy nominations for Best Rap Solo Performance & Best Rap Album , alongside three MTV Music Video Awards nominations for `` Best Direction in a Video , '' `` Best Breakthrough Video '' & `` Best Rap Video '' . Missy Elliott 's second album Da Real World ( 1999 ) attained a Grammy nomination for Best Rap Album . She also received an award for `` Best R&B / Soul or Rap Music Video '' by the Soul Train Awards . The album went on to go platinum making it Elliott 's second platinum album . The follow-up , Miss E. . . So Addictive ( 2001 ) , was a commercial success ; selling over 9.2 million copies worldwide making it her third consecutive platinum album . This album would attain twelve MTV Video Music Awards nominations throughout 2001 and 2002 . Additionally , the effort gained Elliott several nominations from various award shows some including , the Grammy Awards , MTV Video Music Awards , and the BET Awards . On March 27 , 2001 , Lil ' Kim , Christina Aguilera , Pink , and Mýa recorded a cover version of the LaBelle song , `` Lady Marmalade '' as a medley for the feature film Moulin Rouge that Missy Elliott wrote and produced , which topped # 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 for five weeks . `` Lady Marmalade '' scored Elliott 's first Grammy Award in 2002 for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals . Missy Elliott 's fourth album Under Construction ( 2002 ) was certified double platinum , making it her fourth platinum album . The effort gained Elliott eight MTV Video Music Awards in 2003 , taking two awards for `` Video of the Year & `` Best Hip-Hop Video '' . The album also gained Elliott five Grammy nominations in 2004 for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group , Best Rap Album , Album of The Year , Best Rap Song & Best Female Rap Solo Performance taking an award for Best Female Rap Solo Performance . Elliott 's follow-up This Is Not a Test ! ( 2003 ) would also attain a platinum certification , as well as two MTV Video Music Awards and one MTV Music Video Japan Awards nominations . The Cookbook ( 2005 ) is Missy Elliott 's latest album to date . The effort attained three Grammy nominations in 2006 for Best Short Form Music Video , Best Rap Song & Best Rap Album . Elliott received the award for Best Short Form Music Video for her single `` Lose Control '' . The Cookbook also gained Elliott seven MTV Video Music Awards nominations , taking two awards for `` Best Dance Video '' and `` Best Hip-Hop Video '' . In 2014 , Missy Elliott became nominated for a Grammy for Best R&B Song for the featured single , `` Without Me '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "85a2b8fd164cb492cc4639414d45a75b", "text": "ASAP Ferg Darold D. Brown Ferguson , Jr. ( born October 20 , 1988 ) , better known by his stage name ASAP Ferg ( stylized as A$ AP Ferg ) , is an American rapper from New York City 's Harlem neighborhood . Aside from his solo career , he is a member of the hip hop collective A$ AP Mob , from which he adopted his moniker . In January 2013 , Ferg signed a solo record deal with Polo Grounds and RCA , the same labels that helped launch A$ AP Worldwide , when Ferg 's A$ AP Mob cohorts A$ AP Rocky and the late A$ AP Yams , negotiated their own respective deal in 2011 . His debut album Trap Lord was released on August 20 , 2013 , and was met with generally positive reviews . On April 22 , 2016 , Ferg released his second studio album , Always Strive and Prosper .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "66b7ea850401a4a6d27bb5fc4330a638", "text": "Yaki Kadafi Yafeu Akiyele Fula ( October 9 , 1977 -- November 10 , 1996 ) , better known by his stage name Yaki Kadafi , was an American rapper who was best known as a founder and member of the rap groups Outlawz and Dramacydal . Kadafi 's parents , Yaasmyn Fula and Sekou Odinga , were both members of the Black Panther Party . Fula , and Tupac Shakur 's mother , Afeni Shakur , were close friends , and Kadafi and Tupac were friends until their deaths in 1996 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0ccfdaa91934f0a33f7c59da75bf0ac5", "text": "Tha Blaqprint Tha Blaqprint is the second studio album by American hip hop recording artist Blaq Poet , released June 30 , 2009 on DJ Premier 's record label Year Round Records via Fat Beats Records . It features guest appearances by the also Year Round Records signed group NYGz and Nick Javas , Capone-N-Noreaga member N.O.R.E. , Imani Montana , Lil ' Fame from M.O.P. , and the late Screwball member KL . The album was entirely produced by DJ Premier , except for two tracks : `` U Phucc 'd Up '' , produced by Easy Mo Bee , and `` Sichuwayshunz '' , produced by Gemcrates . Several tracks have been released on various mixtapes , such as `` Blaq Out '' or `` No Talent Required '' , dating all the way back to 2006 . The album 's lead single , `` Ai n't Nuttin ' Changed '' , has been released in February 2009 . There 's also a remix version to the single , released in June 2009 . It features verses by MC Eiht from Compton 's Most Wanted and Young Maylay from Ice Cube 's Lench Mob Records .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "adb4bad788858e07512e383c58133404", "text": "Steph Jones Steph Jones is an American singer , songwriter , and model . He was signed to Def Jam , through Ludacris ' Disturbing tha Peace but left the label .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "26b195debef71f5e4fa1cf9f293addbe", "text": "2003 Soul Train Music Awards The 2003 Soul Train Music Awards were held on March 1 , 2003 , at the Pasadena Civic Auditorium in Pasadena , California . The show was co-hosted by Queen Latifah and Arsenio Hall .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e8ca9f7019338c9593ba7620b1ef6e66", "text": "Mo'Cheddah Modupe-Oreoluwa Oyeyemi Ola ( born October 16 , 1990 ) , known by her stage name Mo'Cheddah ( sometimes stylized as Mocheeda or Mocheddah ) , is a Nigerian rapper and singer . She released her debut studio album , Franchise Celebrity ( 2010 ) , while signed to Knighthouse Entertainment . The album was preceded by the 2009 promotional single `` If You Want Me '' . She parted ways with Knighthouse in February 2012 and established her own label , Cheddah Music .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1ccec1b92d1c141b81edde97b10c7e5b", "text": "Radio (LL Cool J album) Radio is the debut studio album by American rapper LL Cool J , released November 18 , 1985 on Def Jam Recordings in the United States . It serves as the label 's first full-length album release . Recording sessions for the album took place during 1984 to 1985 at Chung King House of Metal in New York City . The album was primarily produced by Rick Rubin , who provided a sparse and minimal production style . Radio also features a sound that is punctuated by DJ scratching , mostly brief samples , and emphasis of the downbeat . LL Cool J 's b-boy lyricism conveys themes of inner city culture , teenage promiscuity , and braggadocio raps . The album experienced a significant amount of commercial success and sales for a hip hop record at the time , earning U.S. Billboard chart success and selling over 500,000 copies within its first five months of release . On April 19 , 1989 , Radio was certified platinum in sales by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , following sales in excess of one million copies in the United States . Initial criticism of the album was generally positive , as LL Cool J 's lyricism and Rick Rubin 's production were praised by several music critics . It has since been recognized by critics as LL Cool J 's greatest work . Reflecting the new school and ghettoblaster subculture in the U.S. during the mid-1980s , Radio belongs to a pivotal moment in the history and culture of hip hop . Its success contributed to the displacement of the old school with the new school form and to the genre 's mainstream success during the period . Its success also served as a career breakthrough for LL Cool J and Rick Rubin . Radio has been recognized by music writers as one of the first cohesive and commercially successful hip hop albums .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "abe2e0b5da79a153301868f9c0c8f33c", "text": "Rahki Columbus Smith III , better known by his stage name Rahki ( sometimes Rahk or Rahki Beats ) , is an American record producer and songwriter from Los Angeles , California . He is known for his work with mentor DJ Khalil and acts such as Eminem , Kendrick Lamar , Currensy , Evidence , Schoolboy Q , 50 Cent , Domo Genesis , Lecrae , Aloe Blacc , and more .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7852a55a5a0c0535cfc791787b5c919c", "text": "Overweight Pooch Overweight Pooch ( born Tonya Davis ) is a female rapper , called after her childhood nickname .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c21eca50727f2dbfbc2269181941bae7", "text": "Hopie Hopie , née Kae Hope Ranoa , is a San Francisco Bay Area rapper and lawyer .", "title": "" } ]	fever
34fcc406cb41fe859cbe2fda351a5d04	The Academy Honorary Award was instituted for the best new novel by a dead writer.	[ { "docid": "e2d5e21af394b677f3ed757fa703d031", "text": "Academy Honorary Award The Academy Honorary Award -- instituted in 1948 for the 21st Academy Awards ( previously called the Special Award , which was first presented in early 1929 ) -- is given annually by the Board of Governors of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS ) to celebrate motion picture achievements that are not covered by existing Academy Awards , although prior winners of competitive Academy Awards are not excluded from receiving the Honorary Award . Unless otherwise specified , Honorary Award recipients receive the same gold Oscar statuettes received by winners of the competitive Academy Awards . Unlike the Special Achievement Award instituted in 1972 ( and discontinued in 1995 ) , those on whom the Academy confers its Honorary Award do not have to meet `` the Academy 's eligibility year and deadline requirements . '' Like the Special Achievement Award , the Special Award and Honorary Award have been used to reward significant achievements of the year that did not fit in existing categories , subsequently leading the Academy to establish several new categories , and to honor exceptional career achievements , contributions to the motion picture industry , and service to the Academy . The Academy Honorary Award is often awarded in preference to those with noted achievements in motion pictures who have nevertheless never won an Academy Award . Thus , many of its recipients are Classic Hollywood stars , such as Lillian Gish , Barbara Stanwyck , Kirk Douglas , and Lauren Bacall . Since 2009 the Honorary Award is presented at the annual Governors Awards rather than at the Academy Awards .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "265457bbd71c6794b018f6d68b1e85e8", "text": "25th Academy Awards The 25th Academy Awards ceremony was held on March 19 , 1953 . It took place at the RKO Pantages Theatre in Hollywood , California , and the NBC International Theatre in New York City . It was the first Academy Awards ceremony to be televised , and the first ceremony to be held in Hollywood and New York City simultaneously . It was also the only year that the New York ceremonies were to be held in the NBC International Theatre on Columbus Circle , which was shortly thereafter demolished and replaced by the New York Coliseum convention center . A major upset occurred in the category of Best Picture . The heavily favored High Noon lost to Cecil B. DeMille 's The Greatest Show on Earth , eventually considered among the worst films to have won the Academy Award for Best Picture . The American film magazine Premiere placed the movie on its list of the 10 worst Oscar winners and the British film magazine Empire rated it # 3 on their list of the 10 worst Oscar winners . It has the lowest spot on Rotten Tomatoes ' list of the 81 films to win Best Picture . Of all the films nominated for the Oscar this year , only High Noon and Singin ' in the Rain would show up 46 years later on the American Film Institute list of the greatest American films of the 20th Century . For a film that only received two nominations , Singin ' in the Rain went on to be named as the greatest American musical film of all time and in the 2007 American Film Institute updated list as the fifth greatest American film of all time , while High Noon was ranked twenty-seventh on the same 2007 list , as well . The Bad and the Beautiful won five awards , the most wins ever for a film not nominated for Best Picture . It was also the second Academy Awards in which a film not nominated for Best Picture received the most awards of the evening , excluding years where there were ties for the most wins . The only other film to do this was The Thief of Bagdad at the 13th Academy Awards ; as of the 87th Academy Awards , it has not happened since . Until Spotlight won only Best Picture and Best Original Screenplay at the 88th Academy Awards , this was the last year in which the Best Picture winner won just two Oscars . It was also the second of three years to date in which two films not nominated for Best Picture received more nominations than the winner ( The Bad and the Beautiful and Hans Christian Andersen , both with six ) . This occurred again at the 79th Academy Awards . Shirley Booth also became the last person to win an Oscar in a Leading Role to be born in the 19th century . She also holds the distinction of being the first woman in her 50s to win the award , at the age of 54 ( the second woman in her 50s to win , Julianne Moore , was 54 when awarded at the 87th Academy Awards ) . John Ford 's fourth win for Best Director set a record for the most wins in this category that remains unmatched to this day . For the first time since the introduction of Supporting Actor and Actress awards in 1936 , Best Picture , Best Director , and all four acting Oscars went to six different films . This has happened only three times since , at the 29th Academy Awards for 1956 , the 78th for 2005 , and the 85th for 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "18a75c5ad0c17a861ba966e0fbe71d59", "text": "BAFTA Award for Best Film The BAFTA Award for Best Film is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . It has been given since the 1st BAFTA Awards , representing the best films of 1947 , but until 1969 it was called the BAFTA Award for Best Film From Any Source . It is possible for films from any country to be nominated , although British films are also recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best British Film and ( since 1983 ) foreign-language films in BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language . As such , there have been multiple occasions of a film being nominated in two of these categories . There has been one tie for the Best Film award when , in 1962 , Ballad of a Soldier tied with The Hustler for Best Film from any Source . Until 1981 , the award was given to the director , except in 1976 and 1977 , when it was given to the producers . From 1981 to 1985 , it was given solely to the producers , and then in 1986 , it was shared between the Director and Producer . In 1998 , it was once again given to only the producers . In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bb5357bb5b1bf9351097096a3ad1d0eb", "text": "Raymond Chandler bibliography Raymond Chandler ( 1888 -- 1959 ) was an American-British novelist and screenwriter . He was born in Chicago , Illinois and lived in the US until he was seven , when his parents separated and his Anglo-Irish mother brought him to live near London ; he was educated at Dulwich College from 1900 . After working briefly for the British Civil Service , he became a part-time teacher at Dulwich , supplementing his income as a journalist and writer -- mostly for The Westminster Gazette and The Academy . His output -- consisting largely of poems and essays -- was not to his taste , and his biographer Paul Bishop considers the work as `` lifeless '' , while Contemporary Authors describes it as `` lofty in subject and mawkish in tone '' . Chandler returned to the US in 1912 where he trained to become an accountant in Los Angeles . In 1917 he enlisted in the Canadian Expeditionary Force , saw combat in the trenches in France where he was wounded , and was undergoing flight training in the fledgling Royal Air Force when the war ended . Chandler returned to the US in 1919 to rekindle his literary career , but instead took a job with an oil company until he was fired in 1932 following a bout of depression , womanizing and heavy drinking . He began writing crime stories for the pulp magazines Black Mask , Detective Fiction Weekly , The Fortnightly Intruder and Dime Detective . The stories were subsequently brought together in collected editions . In 1939 , at the behest of the publisher Alfred A. Knopf , Sr. , Chandler wrote his first novel , The Big Sleep , for which he used parts of his short stories `` Killer in the Rain '' ( 1935 ) and `` The Curtain '' ( 1936 ) . He went on to write seven novels , many of which featured the character Philip Marlowe . In 1944 Chandler was asked by Paramount Pictures to write the script for the film Double Indemnity with Billy Wilder ; the film was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay . It was the first of seven scripts Chandler wrote , although two of them were unused . In 1959 Chandler died of pneumonia , brought on by alcoholism . In the aftermath of his death , many of his unpublished writings -- including letters , literary criticism and prose and poetry -- were released . His biographer Tom Williams considers that Chandler 's name has become `` a touchstone for crime writing , representing not just excellent fiction , but also a type of writing that is at once powerful and beautiful . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "56563307d80f178eefa7f73cb22d6e44", "text": "78th Academy Awards The 78th Academy Awards ceremony , presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS ) , took place on March 5 , 2006 , at the Kodak Theatre in Hollywood , Los Angeles beginning at 5:00 p.m. PST / 8:00 p.m. EST. . The ceremony was scheduled one week later than usual to avoid conflicting with the 2006 Winter Olympics . During the ceremony , AMPAS presented Academy Awards ( commonly referred to as Oscars ) in 24 categories honoring films released in 2005 . The ceremony , televised in the United States by ABC , was produced by Gil Cates and directed by Louis J. Horvitz . Actor Jon Stewart hosted the show for the first time . Two weeks earlier in a ceremony at The Beverly Hilton in Beverly Hills , California held on February 18 , the Academy Awards for Technical Achievement were presented by host Rachel McAdams . Crash won three awards including Academy Award for Best Picture . Other winners included Brokeback Mountain , King Kong , and Memoirs of a Geisha also with three awards apiece , and Capote , The Chronicles of Narnia : The Lion , the Witch and the Wardrobe , The Constant Gardener , Hustle and Flow , March of the Penguins , The Moon and the Son : An Imagined Conversation , A Note of Triumph : The Golden Age of Norman Corwin , Six Shooter , Syriana , Tsotsi , Walk the Line , and Wallace & Gromit : The Curse of the Were-Rabbit with one each . The telecast garnered nearly 39 million viewers in the United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aa6e9c8487342b7db1fdcd2454aa3ebd", "text": "BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language The BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . The award was first given at the 36th British Academy Film Awards , recognising the films of 1982 , and until 1990 was known as the BAFTA Award for Best Foreign Film . Prior to this , films recorded in a language other than English were often recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best Film , known between 1949 and 1969 as Best Film from any Source . In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f23bc259baf7f03ccd01376677bee726", "text": "Dead Beautiful Dead Beautiful is a young adult urban fantasy novel by American author Yvonne Woon . The story follows Renée Winters , an orphan who is sent to a mysterious academy . While enrolled , Renée discovers a series of paranormal enigmas , most surrounding her school , her boyfriend , and eventually herself . The novel was released to critical acclaim in 2010 , with a sequel , Life Eternal , following in 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e29d269d9d554ebaf339146921114859", "text": "Dead Cert Dead Cert may refer to : Dead Cert ( novel ) , a 1962 novel by Dick Francis Dead Cert ( 1974 film ) , a 1974 crime film based on the novel Dead Cert ( 2010 film ) , a 2010 supernatural horror film", "title": "" }, { "docid": "57fa02595e2d219579ab7e8c4afddfd8", "text": "52nd Academy Awards The 52nd Academy Awards were presented April 14 , 1980 , at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion in Los Angeles . The ceremonies were presided over by Johnny Carson who , in noting the long duration of the production , joked that President Jimmy Carter was working hard for their `` release '' from the ceremonies , a clear reference to the Iranian hostage crisis . Among the nominees for Best Supporting Actor were 8 year-old Justin Henry -- the youngest Best Supporting Actor nominee ever -- and 79-year-old Melvyn Douglas . This was the largest age difference between two competing actors in Oscar history until 2013 . Ironically , their age difference was partially the reason why Douglas did not attend the Oscars that night , despite winning the award . Henry was nominated for Kramer vs. Kramer , which out of its eight other nominations , finished with five awards , including Best Picture , Best Director for Robert Benton , and Best Actor for Dustin Hoffman .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5df96c0814e26b36c1c686b0693dcb1b", "text": "26th Academy Awards The 26th Academy Awards honored the best in films of 1953 . The second national telecast of the Awards show drew an estimated 43 million viewers . Shirley Booth , appearing in a play in Philadelphia , presented the Best Actor award through a live broadcast cut-in , and privately received the winner 's name over the telephone from co-host Donald O'Connor . ( Actor Fredric March co-hosted from New York City . ) Gary Cooper filmed his presentation of the Best Actress award in advance on a set in Mexico , with O'Connor announcing the winner 's name . All the major winners in this year were black-and-white films . The big winner was Fred Zinnemann 's From Here to Eternity , with thirteen nominations and eight awards including Best Picture , Best Supporting Actor , Best Supporting Actress , Best Director , Best Screenplay ( Daniel Taradash ) , Best Cinematography ( Burnett Guffey ) , Best Sound , and Best Film Editing . All five of its major actors and actresses were nominated , with secondary players Donna Reed and Frank Sinatra taking home Oscars . The candid film was based on James Jones ' controversial , best-selling novel about Army life on a Hawaiian ( Oahu ) military base just prior to the Pearl Harbor attack and World War II , illustrating the conflict between an individualistic private ( Montgomery Clift ) and rigid institutional authority ( exemplified by the Army ) . Its achievement of eight awards matched the then record held by Gone with the Wind ( 1939 ) . The record would be tied again the following year by On the Waterfront ( 1954 ) . Walt Disney won four awards , which remains the record for the most Oscars won in the same year . William Holden 's speech for Best Actor for his role in Stalag 17 was simply `` Thank You '' , making it one of the shortest speeches ever ; the TV broadcast had a strict cutoff time which forced Holden 's quick remarks . The frustrated Holden personally paid for advertisements in the Hollywood trade publications to thank everyone he wanted to on Oscar night . He also remarked that he felt that either Burt Lancaster or Montgomery Clift should have won the Best Actor Oscar for From Here to Eternity , instead of him .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a7f3929c170afa1089636f1cdcbc8ae5", "text": "CWA New Blood Dagger __ NOTOC __ The CWA New Blood Dagger is an annual award given by the British Crime Writers ' Association ( CWA ) for first books by previously unpublished writers . It is given in memory of CWA founder John Creasey and was previously known as The John Creasey Memorial Award.Publisher Chivers Press was the sponsor from the award 's introduction in 1973 to 2002 . BBC Audiobooks was the sponsor in 2003 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eb2600832a8a97147111f4517a8fb164", "text": "8th Academy Awards The 8th Academy Awards were held on March 5 , 1936 , at the Biltmore Hotel in Los Angeles , California . They were hosted by Frank Capra . This was the first year in which the gold statuettes were called `` Oscars '' . The category of Best Dance Direction was introduced this year . The DGA successfully lobbied for its elimination three years later . Mutiny on the Bounty became the last film to date to win Best Picture and nothing else ( following The Broadway Melody and Grand Hotel ) , and the only film to receive three nominations for Best Actor . This was the second and last year that write-in votes were allowed at the Oscars . A Midsummer Night 's Dream became the only film to win a write-in Oscar , taking Best Cinematography .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9dacb28a819b15b122d425f908da0b2c", "text": "Dashiell Hammett Samuel Dashiell Hammett ( -LSB- ˈsæmjuːəl_dəˈʃiːl_ˈhæmət -RSB- May 27 , 1894 -- January 10 , 1961 ) was an American author of hard-boiled detective novels and short stories , screenwriter , and political activist . Among the enduring characters he created are Sam Spade ( The Maltese Falcon ) , Nick and Nora Charles ( The Thin Man ) , and the Continental Op ( Red Harvest and The Dain Curse ) . Hammett `` is now widely regarded as one of the finest mystery writers of all time '' . In his obituary in The New York Times , he was described as `` the dean of the ... ` hard-boiled ' school of detective fiction . '' Time magazine included Hammett 's 1929 novel Red Harvest on its list of the 100 best English-language novels published between 1923 and 2005 . His novels and stories also had a significant influence on films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7363a18c629e52c8a6a9249f757d970b", "text": "Billy Budd Billy Budd , Sailor is the final novel by American writer Herman Melville , first published posthumously in London in 1924 as edited by Raymond M. Weaver , a professor at Columbia University . Other versions were later published . Melville had begun writing the original work in November 1888 , but left it unfinished at his death in 1891 . Acclaimed by British critics as a masterpiece when published in London , it quickly took its place as a classic literary work in the United States . The novella was discovered in manuscript form in 1919 by Weaver , who was studying Melville 's papers as his first biographer . Melville 's widow had begun to edit the manuscript , but had not been able to decide her husband 's intentions at several key points or even to see his intended title . Poor transcription and misinterpretation of Melville 's notes marred the first published versions of the text . After several years of study , Harrison Hayford and Merton M. Sealts , Jr. published what is now considered the best transcription and critical reading text in 1962 . The novella was adapted as a stage play in 1951 and produced on Broadway , where it won the Donaldson Awards and Outer Critics Circle Awards for best play . Benjamin Britten adapted it as an opera by the same name , first performed in December 1951 . The play was adapted into a film in 1962 , produced , directed , co-written , and starring Peter Ustinov with Terence Stamp receiving an Academy Award nomination in his film debut .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4f39a64bfcecd0176004877f4ac2b096", "text": "Dead Poets Society Dead Poets Society is a 1989 American drama film directed by Peter Weir , written by Tom Schulman , and starring Robin Williams . Set in 1959 at the fictional elite conservative Vermont boarding school Welton Academy , it tells the story of an English teacher who inspires his students through his teaching of poetry . The film received critical acclaim and was a box office success . It won the BAFTA Award for Best Film , and César Award and David di Donatello Award for Best Foreign Film . Schulman received an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay for his work .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "94ba489757e9409f843d7d1b8926e687", "text": "The Reivers The Reivers , published in 1962 , is the last novel by the American author William Faulkner . The bestselling novel was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1963 . Faulkner previously won this award for his book A Fable , making him one of only three authors to be awarded it more than once . Unlike many of his earlier works , it is a straightforward narration and eschews the complicated literary techniques of his more well known works . It is a picaresque novel , and as such may seem uncharacteristically lighthearted given its subject matter . For these reasons , The Reivers is often ignored by Faulkner scholars or dismissed as a lesser work . He previously had referred to writing a `` Golden Book of Yoknapatawpha County '' with which he would finish his literary career . It is likely that The Reivers was meant to be this `` Golden Book '' . The Reivers was adapted into a 1969 film directed by Mark Rydell and starring Steve McQueen as Boon Hogganbeck .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dc6a18576cd3951f75320d8b6c521dae", "text": "David di Donatello for Best New Director The David di Donatello is a major Italian film award given by the Italian Film Academy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5349efb37d6a05cec1e9202ce515c28", "text": "List of submissions to the 85th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film This is a list of submissions to the 85th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film . The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS ) has invited the film industries of various countries to submit their best film for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film every year since the award was created in 1956 . The award is presented annually by the Academy to a feature-length motion picture produced outside the United States that contains primarily non-English dialogue . The Foreign Language Film Award Committee oversees the process and reviews all the submitted films . Nine shortlisted contenders will be revealed a week before the announcement of the Oscar nominations . The submitted motion pictures must be first released theatrically in their respective countries between 1 October 2011 , and 30 September 2012 . On 8 October 2012 , the Academy announced the final list of eligible submissions , with a record number of 71 films . Nine finalists were announced in December 2012 , which were shortlisted in January , with the final five nominees announced on 10 January 2013 . The Austrian entry Amour directed by Michael Haneke was the eventual winner . Kenya submitted its first film in the Foreign Language category with Nairobi Half Life . Cambodia made its first submission in 18 years ( and its second overall ) with Lost Loves .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4864de33185d42eda599f5d176e44cf8", "text": "Charles Kaufman (screenwriter) Charles Kaufman ( October 20 , 1904 -- May 2 , 1991 ) was an American novelist , writer and screenwriter . Kaufman was a short story writer for The New Yorker . His screenplay for the 1958 film The Story of Esther Costello was nominated for a BAFTA Award for Best British Screenplay . Along with Wolfgang Reinhart he was nominated for an Academy Award for Original Screenplay in 1962 for the film Freud . In 2010 , Let There Be Light , whose screenplay Kaufman wrote with John Huston , was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant . '' Kaufman died of pneumonia in Los Angeles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0b866633d3197908b5dce2aac79c7b2a", "text": "Mephisto Prize The is a Japanese literary award for unpublished genre fiction novels , mainly for mystery novels . It was established in 1996 by the editors of Mephisto magazine and is awarded on an irregular basis . The winning work is published by Kodansha and the winner receives a statue of Sherlock Holmes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b2671059c91703008fccf98e440e5f8f", "text": "Thomas Monroe (writer) Thomas Monroe ( September 26 , 1902-April 24 , 1960 ) was an American screenwriter who was nominated twice for the Academy Award for Best Story .", "title": "" } ]	fever
af550218860b4d06d9f42fa7166f2032	Werner Herzog was born in April.	[ { "docid": "079102ea54b5d3b104fcf8653db70839", "text": "Werner Herzog Werner Herzog ( -LSB- ˈvɛɐ̯nɐ ˈhɛɐ̯tsoːk -RSB- ; born 5 September 1942 ) is a German screenwriter , film director , author , actor , and opera director . Herzog is considered one of the greatest figures of the New German Cinema , along with Rainer Werner Fassbinder , Margarethe von Trotta , Volker Schlöndorff , Werner Schröter , and Wim Wenders . Herzog 's films often feature heroes with impossible dreams , people with unique talents in obscure fields , or individuals who are in conflict with nature . French filmmaker François Truffaut once called Herzog `` the most important film director alive . '' American film critic Roger Ebert said that Herzog `` has never created a single film that is compromised , shameful , made for pragmatic reasons , or uninteresting . Even his failures are spectacular . '' He was named one of the 100 most influential people on the planet by Time magazine in 2009 .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "20835f02ebf2458dab22af28e21c0d31", "text": "Werner Riess Werner Riess ( born 8 August 1970 at Altötting , Germany ) is a German Ancient Historian .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eebf4653ee4955661a3199f24729de71", "text": "Werner Weber (mathematician) Werner Weber ( * January 3 , 1906 in Oberstein , near Hamburg , Germany † February 2 , 1975 ) was a German mathematician . He was one of the Noether boys , the doctoral student of Emmy Noether . Considered scientifically gifted but a modest mathematician , he was also a extreme Nazi , who would later take part in driving Jewish mathematicians out of the University of Göttingen . He later started work as part of a group of five mathematicians , recruited by Wilhelm Fenner , and which included Ernst Witt , Georg Aumann , Alexander Aigner , Oswald Teichmueller and Johann Friedrich Schultze , and lead by Wolfgang Franz , to form the backbone of the new mathematical mathematical research department in the late 1930 's , which would eventually be called : Section IVc of Cipher Department of the High Command of the Wehrmacht ( abbr . OKW/Chi ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "36ae0b15ce5b7e0b47b549a3d4cadcee", "text": "Werner Schroeter Werner Schroeter ( 7 April 1945 -- 12 April 2010 ) was a German film director , screenwriter , and opera director known for his stylistic excess . Schroeter was cited by Rainer Werner Fassbinder as an influence both on his own work and on German cinema at large .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1e68fdb35d585e38d2384b71447e5441", "text": "USS Herzog USS Herzog has been the name of more than one United States Navy ship , and may refer to : USS Herzog ( DE-277 ) , a destroyer escort transferred upon completion to the United Kingdom which served in the Royal Navy as from 1943 to 1946 , a destroyer escort in commission from 1943 to 1944 , which then served in the Brazilian Navy as from 1944 to 1966 Category : United States Navy ship names", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5a67cb0c787b589b82d1872d19b2c40a", "text": "Herzogenburg Herzogenburg is a town in the district of Sankt Pölten-Land in the Austrian state of Lower Austria .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7ca16dcd7e4d0059c7e39083ff5518da", "text": "The Great Ecstasy of Woodcarver Steiner The Great Ecstasy of Woodcarver Steiner ( German : Die Große Ekstase des Bildschnitzers Steiner ) is a 1974 documentary film by German filmmaker Werner Herzog . It is about Walter Steiner , a celebrated ski jumper of his era who worked as a carpenter for his full-time occupation . Showcased is Steiner 's quest for a world record in ski flying , as well as the dangers involved in the sport . Herzog has called it `` one of my most important films . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "74adc48aca2bb1517397ab146c95f792", "text": "Richard Herz Richard Herz ( July 21 , 1867 -- November 18 , 1936 ) was a German chemist . He discovered the Herz reaction .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "243197829166503186b88527f4422f9d", "text": "Werner Heldt Werner Heldt ( 1904 -- 54 ) was a German painter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "58b7c1f9f801ec4d8fd85bf1979ce4e8", "text": "April (1961 film) April ( -LSB- აპრილი , Aprili -RSB- , -LSB- Апрель , Aprel -RSB- ) is a short romance-drama film written and directed by Otar Iosseliani . The film was produced in 1961 in Iosseliani 's early period while still in his native Georgia . The film was screened out of competition at the 2000 Cannes Film Festival .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8885dd4099d61b19203ea957944d537f", "text": "Pe Werner Pe Werner ( born October 13 , 1960 in Heidelberg ) is a German singer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dd97162f435354cc859afe5d663c2293", "text": "Jan van Herwijnen Johannes Adrianus George van Herwijnen ( 4 November 1889 in Delft -- 12 April 1965 in Bergen ) was a Dutch painter . -LSB- f.e. . THE INSANITY DRAWINGS -RSB- `` To really see art you first must detach from it , that 's what it all about . A painting is like music , you should not view , you should listen . '' Van Herwijnen was born in Delft and grew up in the Jordaan ( Amsterdam ) . He was different from the rest of the family . At nine he went to the Rijksmuseum a tile table for copying , his master had given him a box of paints . Concerts and museums hold him up as he began his eleventh year to earn a living . When he was 21 he was clear : `` Suddenly I knew I could see '' . Then I gained consciousness only . Before that time I had looked into the world through the eyes of a child . But then I knew who I was and what to do . I started in the Rijksmuseum , because I knew the road . Every day I sat there and it was like I had always painted . '' He wants no classes , no academy . He represents himself by copying the old masters . In 1912 he goes to Paris without a penny . Half starved he comes back . He begins to draw people . Poor models of the street and blind and deaf . With the insanity life-size drawings from 1919 he established his name . He works hard on these drawings and identifies himself with his models , he is exhausted . The craziness with which he has handled this matter radiates from each drawing : heavy black lines and contours of a figure on a chair in an empty room . Van Herwijnen is now supported by many prominent figures , among which Prof. RN Roland Holst . He went to France with his family and lived from 1921 to 1923 in Collioure . The paintings of Collioure feature the clean lines of the drawings in which the paint is filled with lots of blue and purple . Then follows a gloomy period when his wife leaves him . Paintings reflect his depressive state and are very dark . When he goes to Florence , his work is lightened . `` The conquest of light '' in all newspapers and magazines celebrated with superlatives . `` Van Herwijnen in the front ranks of contemporary painters came . '' In the autumn of 1934 , he moved a house in the new studio complex on the Summer Dijkstraat . Van Herwijnen married again and moved to Bergen in 1945 . His work is still cheering `` A picture of joy - great development of a strong talent - refined spirituality - colored music - this country equaled by no other . '' Van Herwijnen is suspicious . His work is than heavier , sometimes lighter . A pattern of doubt in his entire oeuvre can be seen . In its lightest years he painted many flowers . He sometimes tries to explain : `` I paint the light . Not the physical light , a light that casts shadows . I paint the light in the shade . '' The special treatment of his paint and his brush was repeatedly emphasized . One critic in 1937 writes : `` Perhaps our most gifted painter of today , is usually attracted to very simple matters . Twenty years later , another note : `` There is never a dead spot , every square inch of a living painting , as if the light is gently shaking . '' Lunatics In 1919 the artist signed a series of life-size portraits of the insane from the Utrecht William Arntz Foundation . In his own life he would himself have to deal with mental breakdowns . Sometimes he went to the utmost of his ability . Shortly after World War II Van Herwijnen painted a series of portraits of dead . Colorful and light - powerful and sombre The born in Delft Van Herwijnen grew up as child in Amsterdam . He was a self-taught and developed in its own direction , without having to join an art group . He is sometimes conveniently classified in a group of artists ( the Bergen School ) , but that 's not right . The delusion , the insane The series is loosely inspired by the iconographic series `` The insane ' . After a psychological crisis , the self-taught artist Jan van Herwijnen ( 1889 -- 1965 ) had created drawings of psychiatric patients in the William Arntz Foundation in Utrecht . He quickly gets the interest from treating physicians and teachers of the medical faculty . The ` insanity drawings ' in 1920 are exhibited . Since 2005 the Museum of Modern Art Arnhem received a long term loan of this impressive series of drawings made with black chalk at life-size format . Seven The number seven , the seven paintings bear the idea of perfection in themselves as in Christianity God in seven days the earth . The classical education is related to the ideal of the seven liberal arts . Liberal arts is originally a classical European education concept , which at the founding of the first Dutch universities ( late 16th century ) was planned . This means that students need a broad training in the liberal arts course and then specialized in industries such as Law or Medicine . The seven deadly sins and virtues . Head Sin is a term primarily used in the Catholic Church . These are seven sins , each underlying many other sins . These are : pride , greed , lust , jealousy , intemperance , revenge and laziness . Besides the seven deadly sins that play a role in the Catholic tradition there is also a list of their counterparts , the seven virtues : wisdom , justice , temperance , courage , faith , hope and charity .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1686d6f28d1e6b56d4f902d0718bcb15", "text": "Filmverlag der Autoren Filmverlag der Autoren is a German film distributor that was founded in 1971 to help finance and distribute independent films by German Autorenfilm directors , that is directors who are renowned for predominantly adapting their own screenplays . Many directors of the New German Cinema movement were associated with it such as Werner Herzog , Rainer Werner Fassbinder , Wim Wenders , and Alexander Kluge ; whose films were produced and distributed by the Filmverlag and many of whom were members of the Filmverlag 's board .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c2c43d3fdc907ed384f2fd3060f07716", "text": "Last Words (film) Last Words ( Letzte Worte ) is a 1968 short film by Werner Herzog shot in Crete and on the island of Spinalonga . The film was shot in two days during the filming of Herzog 's feature Signs of Life , and edited in one day . The film tells a story of the last man to leave the abandoned island of Spinalonga , which had been used as a leper colony . The man refused to leave , and so was forcibly removed . He now lives in Crete , where he plays the lyre at nights in a bar , and refuses to speak . The film 's narrative style is very unconventional , with most characters speaking their lines several times repeatedly in long takes . The man from the island has the most spoken lines of any character , as he repeatedly explains that he refuses to speak , even a single word .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b93ccd2b92ea239d78f1e581ba0a7219", "text": "Werner Gitt Werner Gitt ( born 22 February 1937 in Stallupönen , East Prussia , Germany ) is a German engineer and young earth creationist . Before retirement , he was Head of the Department of Information Technology at the German Federal Institute of Physics and Technology ( Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "178d8f9b80f23eaf0f32024ab8d66b2e", "text": "Felix Benedict Herzog Felix Benedict Herzog ( 1859-1912 ) was a US electrical engineer , patent attorney , artist and photographer who discovered `` America 's First Supermodel '' Audrey Munson . His Tale of Isolde established precedent in the US as the first pictorial photograph admitted by an art society on full equality with paintings .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fd98956615e67a0c70e4daad12dd6302", "text": "Kurt Herzog __ NOTOC __ Kurt Herzog ( 27 March 1889 , Quedlinburg -- 8 May 1948 ) was a German general during World War II . He was a recipient of the Knight 's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves . Herzog surrendered to the Soviet troops in May 1945 and died in captivity on 8 May 1948 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "666eb2bcc8ad55d6f4a3c50f754b7c0d", "text": "Karl Herzog __ NOTOC __ Karl Herzog ( 6 July 1906 -- 25 January 1998 ) was a German officer in the Wehrmacht during World War II . He was a recipient of the Knight 's Cross of the Iron Cross . Herzog surrendered to the Red Army in the course of the Soviet April 1945 Zemland Offensive . Convicted as a war criminal in the Soviet Union , he was held until 1955 . Herzog joined the Bundeswehr in 1957 and retired in 1966 as a Generalmajor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dda12d30fb9d494e949c7d8b26030064", "text": "Heike Werner Heike Werner ( born 30 January 1969 in Berlin ) is a German politician of the Left Party who has been Minister of Labor , Social Affairs , Health , Women , and Family on Thuringia 's Left-led cabinet since the 2014 state election . From 19992014 , she was a member of the Landtag of the Free State of Saxony . Werner became active in politics during communist rule in East Germany . She was active in the Free German Youth and joined the Socialist Unity Party of Germany at the age of 18 in 1987 . She left the party in 1990 but remained active in left-wing politics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2b9b3bef43cb50f28e7748b550fafafe", "text": "Werner Nachmann Werner Nachmann ( 12 August 1925 in Karlsruhe , Germany -- 21 January 1988 ) , was a German entrepreneur and politician , and was president of the Central Council of Jews in Germany ( Zentralrat der Juden in Deutschland ) from 1969 to 1988 . In 1938 Nachmann fled to France and returned to Germany in 1945 as an officer of the French army . He established himself again in Karlsruhe , where he developed his family business . From 1961 to 1988 he was the chairman of the Jewish municipality in Karlsruhe and the advisor on mikvah affairs . In 1962 he became a member of the Central Council of Jews in Germany , in 1965 he was subsequently selected in its board of directors and from 1969 onwards he held the presidency . He is considered as an important pioneer of renewed cooperation between the authorities of the Federal Republic of Germany and German-Jewish organizations . For his work Nachmann was often honored during his lifetime , but criticism rose sharply from parts of the German-Jewish community in the early seventies as some found his efforts towards Jewish-German reconciliation as lacking sufficient distance to Germany . In 1972 , he served on the organizing committee of the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich . He was also a member of the Israeli delegation . In 1986 , he received the Theodor Heuss prize for his services to Jewish-German reconciliation and the peaceful coexistence of Jews and Christians in the Federal Republic of Germany . After his death in 1988 , Nachmann was loudly condemned when it was discovered that from 1981 to 1987 he had defrauded about 33 million DM ( $ 17 million in U.S. dollars at the time ) from a German government fund intended for victims of the Nazis . The actual whereabouts of the funds remain unknown . Nachmann 's successor in office , Heinz Galinski , strove intensively for many years to clear up the affair . Nachmann died at the age of 62 , from heart failure .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a6f1c0efc718c7889bdec1acb43ff216", "text": "Heinrich Herzig Heinrich Herzig ( 1887 -- 1964 ) was a Swiss painter .", "title": "" } ]	fever
3564a9455877364f6f79044cde3340a2	Music includes symphonies.	[ { "docid": "f45f9222a3ccaaeeed14340efacdbe70", "text": "Music Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time . The common elements of music are pitch ( which governs melody and harmony ) , rhythm ( and its associated concepts tempo , meter , and articulation ) , dynamics ( loudness and softness ) , and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture ( which are sometimes termed the `` color '' of a musical sound ) . Different styles or types of music may emphasize , de-emphasize or omit some of these elements . Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping ; there are solely instrumental pieces , solely vocal pieces ( such as songs without instrumental accompaniment ) and pieces that combine singing and instruments . The word derives from Greek μουσική #Ancient Greek ( mousike ; `` art of the Muses '' ) . In its most general form , the activities describing music as an art form or cultural activity include the creation of works of music ( songs , tunes , symphonies , and so on ) , the criticism of music , the study of the history of music , and the aesthetic examination of music . Ancient Greek and Indian philosophers defined music as tones ordered horizontally as melodies and vertically as harmonies . Common sayings such as `` the harmony of the spheres '' and `` it is music to my ears '' point to the notion that music is often ordered and pleasant to listen to . However , 20th-century composer John Cage thought that any sound can be music , saying , for example , `` There is no noise , only sound . '' The creation , performance , significance , and even the definition of music vary according to culture and social context . Indeed , throughout history , some new forms or styles of music have been criticized as `` not being music '' , including Beethoven 's Grosse Fuge string quartet in 1825 , early jazz in the beginning of the 1900s and hardcore punk in the 1980s . There are many types of music , including popular music , traditional music , art music , music written for religious ceremonies and work songs such as chanteys . Music ranges from strictly organized compositions -- such as Classical music symphonies from the 1700s and 1800s , through to spontaneously played improvisational music such as jazz , and avant-garde styles of chance-based contemporary music from the 20th and 21st centuries . Music can be divided into genres ( e.g. , country music ) and genres can be further divided into subgenres ( e.g. , country blues and pop country are two of the many country subgenres ) , although the dividing lines and relationships between music genres are often subtle , sometimes open to personal interpretation , and occasionally controversial . For example , it can be hard to draw the line between some early 1980s hard rock and heavy metal . Within the arts , music may be classified as a performing art , a fine art or as an auditory art . Music may be played or sung and heard live at a rock concert or orchestra performance , heard live as part of a dramatic work ( a music theater show or opera ) , or it may be recorded and listened to on a radio , MP3 player , CD player , smartphone or as film score or TV show . In many cultures , music is an important part of people 's way of life , as it plays a key role in religious rituals , rite of passage ceremonies ( e.g. , graduation and marriage ) , social activities ( e.g. , dancing ) and cultural activities ranging from amateur karaoke singing to playing in an amateur funk band or singing in a community choir . People may make music as a hobby , like a teen playing cello in a youth orchestra , or work as a professional musician or singer . The music industry includes the individuals who create new songs and musical pieces ( such as songwriters and composers ) , individuals who perform music ( which include orchestra , jazz band and rock band musicians , singers and conductors ) , individuals who record music ( music producers and sound engineers ) , individuals who organize concert tours , and individuals who sell recordings and sheet music and scores to customers .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "ea3203368bb2e0cc9059b00c93b34d35", "text": "Sinfonietta Sinfonietta can refer to : Sinfonietta ( orchestra ) , a name for a musical group that is larger than a chamber ensemble but smaller than a full-size orchestra Sinfonietta ( symphony ) , a symphony that is smaller in scale or lighter in approach than a standard symphony Sinfonietta ( Janáček ) , a work by Czech composer Leoš Janáček Sinfonietta ( ballet ) , by Jiří Kylián", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ea62190e5a029ce117f3819ade1ea36", "text": "Oboe Quartet (Mozart) __ NOTOC __ The Oboe Quartet in F major , K. 370/368b , was written by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in early 1781 . The quartet is scored for oboe , violin , viola and cello . In 1780 , Mozart was invited to Munich to visit Elector Karl Theodor , who had commissioned the opera Idomeneo for a carnival celebration . While in Munich , Mozart renewed an acquaintance with Friedrich Ramm , a virtuoso oboist in the Munich orchestra . It was for Ramm that Mozart composed the quartet in order to show off his virtuosity and the improvements that had been made to the oboe at that time . One way that this piece showed off the instrument was the use of the `` high F '' above the staff , a note rarely played in any repertoire previously written for the oboe . This piece is a work of chamber music , but it has elements that harken to other musical genres , and requires a fair amount of virtuosity . Because of its large amount of virtuosic playing on the part of the oboe and the large degree to which the strings simply accompany the oboist , it almost resembles a concerto , but with only with four players instead of an entire orchestra . Despite this , there are also a number of places within the work that require ensemble playing , for example , the famous 13-bar passage in the finale in which the oboe plays in common time against a 6/8 accompaniment .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "841a0a23be8034f953116c35843f06b7", "text": "Lyric Symphony The Lyric Symphony , Op. 18 , was composed by Alexander von Zemlinsky between 1922 and 1923 and received its premiere in Prague on June 4 , 1924 , under the composer 's direction . It is Zemlinsky 's best-known work . The work is in seven connected movements and is scored for baritone and soprano soloists and a large orchestra . The sung texts are taken from The Gardener by Rabindranath Tagore in a German translation by Hans Effenberger . The movements are : Ich bin friedlos , ich bin durstig nach fernen Dingen ( `` I am restless . I am athirst for far-away things '' ) O Mutter , der junge Prinz ( `` O mother , the young Prince '' ) Du bist die Abendwolke ( `` You are the evening cloud '' ) Sprich zu mir Geliebter ( `` Speak to me , my love '' ) Befrei mich von den Banden deiner Süße , Lieb ( `` Release me from the bonds of your sweetness , Love '' ) Vollende denn das letzte Lied ( `` Then finish the last song '' ) Friede , mein Herz ( `` Peace , my heart '' ) Alban Berg quoted the third movement in his Lyric Suite for string quartet .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a689ce904031dc48ce1ecb5d68c66f84", "text": "Symphony No. 28 (Haydn) Joseph Haydn 's Symphony No. 28 in A major , Hoboken I/28 , was written in 1765 . The work is scored for 2 oboes , bassoon , 2 horns , and strings with continuo . The work is in four movements : Allegro di molto , Poco adagio in D major , Menuetto e Trio ( Trio in A minor ) , Presto , The first movement features a four-note motif with an answering 3-note one . The slow movement features muted strings and contrasts legato passages with dotted staccato sections that anticipate the slow movements of symphonies 60 and 65 where the juxtaposition of the two styles is more stark . The minuet features bariolage where the same note is heard repeated on different strings , an effect that would later give `` The Frog '' String Quartet , Op. 50 No. 6 , its nickname . Mark Ferraguto has discussed Haydn 's deliberate use of repetition in the trio section of the minuet .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4231ec6994480c1ca1ddab0c8da8203b", "text": "The Four Seasons (Vivaldi) The Four Seasons ( Le quattro stagioni ) is a group of four violin concerti by Italian composer Antonio Vivaldi , each of which gives a musical expression to a season of the year . They were written around 1721 and were published in 1725 in Amsterdam , together with eight additional violin concerti , as Il cimento dell ` armonia e dell ` inventione ( `` The Contest Between Harmony and Invention '' ) . The Four Seasons is the best known of Vivaldi 's works . Unusually for the time , Vivaldi published the concerti with accompanying poems ( possibly written by Vivaldi himself ) that elucidated what it was about those seasons that his music was intended to evoke . It provides one of the earliest and most-detailed examples of what was later called program music -- music with a narrative element . Vivaldi took great pains to relate his music to the texts of the poems , translating the poetic lines themselves directly into the music on the page . In the middle section of the Spring concerto , where the goatherd sleeps , his barking dog can be marked in the viola section . Other natural occurrences are similarly evoked . Vivaldi separated each concerto into three movements , fast-slow-fast , and likewise each linked sonnet into three sections .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d68c939d693872e2d50d03d495881d04", "text": "Franz Xaver Richter Franz ( Czech : František ) Xaver Richter , known as François Xavier Richter in France ( December 1 , 1709 -- September 12 , 1789 ) was an Austro-Moravian singer , violinist , composer , conductor and music theoretician who spent most of his life first in Austria and later in Mannheim and in Strasbourg , where he was music director of the cathedral . From 1783 on Haydn 's favourite pupil Ignaz Pleyel was his deputy at the cathedral . The most traditional of the first generation composers of the so-called Mannheim school , he was highly regarded in his day as a contrapuntist . As a composer he was equally at home in the concerto and the strict church style . Mozart heard a mass by Richter on his journey back from Paris to Salzburg in 1778 and called it charmingly written . Richter , as a contemporary engraving clearly shows , must have been one of the first conductors to actually have conducted with a music sheet roll in his hand . Richter wrote chiefly symphonies , concertos for woodwinds , trumpet , chamber and church music , his masses receiving special praise . He was a man of a transitional period , and his symphonies in a way constitute one of the missing links between the generation of Bach and Handel and the Viennese classic . Although sometimes contrapuntal in a learned way , Richter 's orchestral works nevertheless exhibit considerable drive and verve . Until a few years ago Richter `` survived '' with recordings of his trumpet concerto in D major but recently a number of chamber orchestras and ensembles have taken many of his pieces , particularly symphonies and concertos , in their repertoire .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8e471452f37abcdfa8b917fe738aca06", "text": "Piano quartet In European classical music , piano quartet denotes a chamber music composition for piano and three other instruments , or a musical ensemble comprising such instruments . Those other instruments are usually a string trio consisting of a violin , viola and cello . Piano quartets for that standard lineup were written by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart , Robert Schumann , Ludwig van Beethoven , Johannes Brahms , Antonín Dvořák and Gabriel Fauré among others . In the 20th century , composers have also written for more varied groups , with Anton Webern 's Quartet , opus 22 ( 1930 ) , for example , being for piano , violin , clarinet and tenor saxophone , and Paul Hindemith 's quartet ( 1938 ) as well as Olivier Messiaen 's Quatuor pour la fin du temps ( 1940 ) both for piano , violin , cello and clarinet . An early example of this can be found in Franz Berwald 's quartet for piano , horn , clarinet and bassoon ( 1819 ) , his opus 1 . A rare form of piano quartets consist of two pianos with two players at each piano . This type of ensemble is informally referred to as `` 8 hand piano '' , or `` 2 piano 8 hands '' . 8 hand piano was popular in the late 19th century before the advent of recordings as it was a mechanism to reproduce and study symphonic works . Music lovers could hear the major symphonic works all in the convenience of a parlour or music hall that had two pianos and four pianists . Many of the popular works of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart , Robert Schumann , Johannes Brahms , Antonín Dvořák were transcribed for two piano eight hands . The majority of 8 hand piano music consists of transcriptions , or arrangements .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f3f82e52b1315d4afc4834af8d71cb4f", "text": "Symphony No. 7 (Mahler) Symphony No. 7 by Gustav Mahler was written in 1904 -- 05 , with repeated revisions to the scoring . It is sometimes referred to by the title Song of the Night ( Lied der Nacht ) , which Mahler never knew ( and certainly would be unlikely to have sanctioned ) . Although the symphony is often described as being in the key of E minor , its tonal scheme is more complicated . The symphony 's first movement moves from B minor ( introduction ) to E minor , and the work ends with a rondo finale in C major . Thus , as Dika Newlin has pointed out , `` in this symphony Mahler returns to the ideal of ` progressive tonality ' which he had abandoned in the Sixth '' . The complexity of the work 's tonal scheme was analysed in terms of `` interlocking structures '' by Graham George .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e1bcfc533796a503060e0bca64a5dfad", "text": "21st Century Symphony The 21st Century Symphony Orchestra is a European orchestra . It was founded in 1999 by conductor Ludwig Wicki . The orchestra performs live concerts featuring soundtracks written by notable composers for major motion picture productions . The orchestra performs in various cities throughout Europe , although most performances take place in the Lucerne Culture and Congress Centre , Lucerne , Switzerland . Soundtracks featured in recent concerts have included songs from Lord of the Rings , Star Trek , and the James Bond film series . The 21st Century Orchestra helped record a live orchestral version on the album `` Fairytales - Best of 2006-2014 '' with Finnish band Sunrise Avenue Category : Swiss orchestras Category :1999 establishments in Switzerland Category : Musical groups established in 1999", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ad58912dbc0b92941e871220f44d5f3", "text": "The Philharmonic Orchestra The Philharmonic Orchestra ( TPO ) is an amateur orchestra in Singapore , initiated as a project by Maestro Lim Yau in 1998 . The orchestra consists of adults who have a keen and serious interest to perform music . Formerly known as the Philharmonic Chamber Orchestra Society ( PCOS ) , the group became The Philharmonic Orchestra ( TPO ) to better reflect its intention to perform both symphonic and chamber works . The Philharmonic Orchestra seeks to breathe new life into musical works and explore a repertoire that is very much neglected by big orchestras like SSO . The orchestra held its first concert in May 1998 , performing Handel 's Fireworks Music , Prokofiev 's Classical Symphony and Mozart 's Symphony No. 41 `` Jupiter '' . For the 2007/2008 season , TPO has been engaged by Esplanade -- Theatres on the Bay to undertake a year-long performance of all Jean Sibelius ' Symphonies in a series of three concerts entitled Northern Exposure . The Philharmonic Orchestra is also known for its commanding standard as a pit orchestra . It has received good reviews for its work as a pit orchestra when engaged by the Singapore Dance Theatre and Singapore Lyric Opera . Since then , it has stopped collaborating with the Singapore Lyric Opera , and focuses more on presenting its own concerts , the latest of which included two Haydn symphonies . TPO currently does not rehearse at Old School anymore after management disputes between the two parties . In December 2001 and 2003 , the orchestra was engaged by the National Arts Council as the accompanying orchestra for the concerto section at the National Music Competition .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "43b942e1c0b63f96c22cdbc05e004cff", "text": "Sheet music Sheet music is a handwritten or printed form of music notation that uses modern musical symbols to indicate the pitches ( melodies ) , rhythms and/or chords of a song or instrumental musical piece . Like its analogs -- printed books or pamphlets in English , Arabic or other languages -- the medium of sheet music typically is paper ( or , in earlier centuries , papyrus or parchment ) , although the access to musical notation since the 1980s has included the presentation of musical notation on computer screens and the development of scorewriter computer programs that can notate a song or piece electronically , and , in some cases , `` play back '' the notated music using a synthesizer or virtual instruments . Use of the term `` sheet '' is intended to differentiate written or printed forms of music from sound recordings ( on vinyl record , cassette , CD ) , radio or TV broadcasts or recorded live performances , which may capture film or video footage of the performance as well as the audio component . In everyday use , `` sheet music '' ( or simply `` music '' ) can refer to the print publication of commercial sheet music in conjunction with the release of a new film , TV show , record album , or other special or popular event which involves music . The first printed sheet music made with a printing press was made in 1473 . Sheet music is the basic form in which Western classical music is notated so that it can be learned and performed by solo singers or instrumentalists or musical ensembles . Many forms of traditional and popular Western music are commonly learned by singers and musicians `` by ear '' , rather than by using sheet music ( although in many cases , traditional and pop music may also be available in sheet music form ) . `` Score '' is a common alternative ( and more generic ) term for sheet music , and there are several types of scores , as discussed below . The term `` score '' can also refer to theatre music , orchestral music or songs written for a play , musical , opera or ballet , or to music or songs written for a television programme or film ; for the last of these , see Film score .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dee973fb6f53eebc055e72609412a1c7", "text": "Concert piece A concert piece ( German : Konzertstück , also Concertstuck ; French : pièce de concert , also morceau de concert ) is a musical composition , in most cases in one movement , intended for performance in a concert . Usually it is written for one or more virtuoso instrumental soloists and orchestral or piano accompaniment . In some cases concert pieces start with a separate opening movement , or are otherwise in more than one movement or section . A piece that presents itself as a miniature concerto is rather called concertino than concert piece , although in German several such concertinos are known as Konzertstücke . For instance Siegfried Wagner 's Flute Concertino was published as . Incomplete concerto movements by Beethoven and Schubert were retroactively designated as concert pieces . Schumann 's 1841 Fantasia for piano and orchestra , in form similar to Weber 's Konzertstück , was later rewritten and expanded with two further movements into his Piano Concerto Op. 54 . When the soloist is a vocalist , the piece rather belongs to the concert aria genre . Some concert pieces are written for instrumental soloists exclusively , while also concert pieces for orchestra without soloist exist . In this sense as well Chopin 's Allegro de concert for solo piano as Tchaikovsky 's Romeo and Juliet for orchestra can be called concert pieces . A concert overture is an overture which is conceived as a stand-alone concert piece .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "150b875b44865297b55a8eaee2a5d677", "text": "Greater Twin Cities Youth Symphonies The Greater Twin Cities Youth Symphonies '' ( GTCYS ) is a group of youth orchestras in the Twin Cities in Minnesota . Founded in 1972 , GTCYS has served over 16,000 musicians and put on more than 500 concerts . The top orchestra has also traveled on 12 national and international tours . GTCYS currently features 8 orchestras for young musicians any age through high school . GTCYS is a youth orchestra program based in the Greater Twin Cities metro that draws over 600 students from eastern Minnesota and western Wisconsin . Artistic director is Mark Russell Smith , who also conducts the top orchestra , Symphony . Mission : In the conviction that music nourishes the body , mind , and spirit of the individual and enriches the community , the Greater Twin Cities Youth Symphonies provides a rigorous and inspiring orchestral experience for young musicians . History : Founded in 1972 , GTCYS ( pronounced `` GIT-seez '' ) was created to provide an educational orchestra program for motivated music students from throughout the metropolitan area and outlying communities . Since then , more than 16,000 students have honed their musical talents and developed lifelong skills that have helped them succeed not only as musicians , but as teachers , community leaders , doctors , lawyers , business professionals , and entrepreneurs . GTCYS holds a treasured place in the Minnesota arts and cultural landscape , with students showcasing their talents through performances at prestigious concert halls and events as well as for underserved audiences . Artistic Director Mark Russell Smith joined GTCYS ' staff in 2012 and provides dynamic leadership and artistic oversight for our programs . GTCYS collaborates with world-class artists and organizations including guest conductors Osmo Vänskä , Roberto Abbado , and Nicholas McGegan and projects with the Minnesota Chorale . Renowned for our rich international touring history , GTCYS performed by invitation at the Granada International Festival of Music and Dance ( Spain ) in 2014 and will tour Argentina in June 2016 . In 2011 , GTCYS and the SPCO formed a strategic partnership to serve the community through music and build classical music audiences .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2ea24be0b3d05989acc93c93c7e1ffac", "text": "Symphony No. 8 (Kabeláč) The 8th Symphony `` Antiphonies '' , Op. 54 , by Miloslav Kabeláč was written in 1970 as a reflection of the composer 's feelings from the invasion of Warsaw Pact troops into Czechoslovakia in 1968 and the onset of so-called `` normalization '' process in the society , which means renewal of strong dictate of the regime of pro-Soviet communist rulers , including heavy loss of basic freedoms for citizens of the country . The composition consists of nine parts -- five movements and four interludes , structure of which is controlled by a firm logical order , proportionally and symmetry . Its structural and expressive axis is the third -- the longest movement . The intermedia linking the individual movements correspond both in time and music and differ only in an alternately opposite dynamic succession . The work is written for a percussion ensemble ( 6 musicians ) , the organ , a coloration soprano and two mixed choirs ( large and small ) . The text of the vocal part is taken from the Old testament . The 8th Symphony was inspired by French ensemble Les Percussions de Strasbourg which presented its premiere with the Czech soloists Jana Jonášová ( soprano ) and Václav Rabas ( organ ) in Strasbourg in June 1971 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "05f944a04dc7c5c3733a09f63335ea2d", "text": "Symphony No. 5 Symphony No. 5 may refer to : William Alwyn 's Symphony No. 5 Malcolm Arnold 's Symphony No. 5 Arnold Bax 's Symphony No. 5 Ludwig van Beethoven 's Symphony No. 5 Anton Bruckner 's Symphony No. 5 Carlos Chávez 's Symphony No. 5 for string orchestra Jeffrey Ching 's Symphony No. 5 , `` Kunstkammer '' Peter Maxwell Davies 's Symphony No. 5 Antonín Dvořák 's Symphony No. 5 George Enescu 's Symphony No. 5 Jacobo Ficher 's Symphony No. 5 , op. 63 , `` Asi habló Isaías '' ( 1947 ) Don Gillis 's Symphony 5 , `` In Memoriam '' ( 1944 -- 45 ) Don Gillis 's Symphony No. 5 1/2 Philip Glass 's Symphony No. 5 , Choral Alexander Glazunov 's Symphony No. 5 , Heroic Howard Hanson 's Symphony No. 5 , Sinfonia Sacra Joseph Haydn 's Symphony No. 5 Michael Haydn 's Symphony No. 5 in A major , MH 63 , Perger 3 ( 1763 ) Hans Werner Henze 's Symphony No. 5 Arthur Honegger 's Symphony No. 5 ( 1950 ) Gustav Mahler 's Symphony No. 5 Bohuslav Martinů 's Symphony No. 5 , H. 310 Erkki Melartin 's Symphony No. 5 ( Melartin ) , Op. 90 Sinfonia brevis ( 1915 ) Felix Mendelssohn 's Symphony No. 5 , Reformation Darius Milhaud 's Symphony No. 5 , Op. 322 ( 1953 ) Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart 's Symphony No. 5 Carl Nielsen 's Symphony No. 5 Krzysztof Penderecki 's Symphony No. 5 , Korean Walter Piston 's Symphony No. 5 Sergei Prokofiev 's Symphony No. 5 Einojuhani Rautavaara 's Symphony No. 5 Ferdinand Ries 's Symphony No. 5 George Rochberg 's Symphony No. 5 Edmund Rubbra 's Symphony No. 5 , Op. 63 Alfred Schnittke 's Symphony No. 5 Franz Schubert 's Symphony No. 5 Roger Sessions 's Symphony No. 5 Dmitri Shostakovich 's Symphony No. 5 Jean Sibelius 's Symphony No. 5 Robert Simpson 's Symphony No. 5 Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky 's Symphony No. 5 Ralph Vaughan Williams 's Symphony No. 5 Heitor Villa-Lobos 's Symphony No. 5 , A paz ( Peace ) Charles-Marie Widor 's Symphony for Organ No. 5 ( containing the famous Toccata ) Malcolm Williamson 's Symphony No. 5 , Aquerò 005", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dfb83b3deddc2f611fe0305fc9325e1f", "text": "Symphony, K. 161 (Mozart) The Symphony in D major `` No. 50 '' , K. 161/141a , was composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in 1772 . The first two movements are from the overture to the opera Il sogno di Scipione , K. 126 , and the last movement , K. 163 , was composed separately . Köchel gave the entire work the number K. 161 ( revised to K. 141a in later editions ) . The symphony is scored for two flutes , two oboes , two horns , two trumpets , timpani and strings . The trumpets and timpani are silent for the second movement . The symphony consists of the following movements : Allegro moderato , Andante , Presto , The Alte Mozart-Ausgabe ( published 1879 -- 1882 ) gives the numbering sequence 1 -- 41 for the 41 numbered symphonies . The unnumbered symphonies ( some , including K. 161/141a , published in supplements to the Alte-Mozart Ausgabe until 1910 ) are sometimes given numbers in the range 42 to 56 , even though they were written earlier than Mozart 's Symphony No. 41 ( written in 1788 ) . The symphony K. 161 is given the number 50 in this numbering scheme .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e0dcd00848982ae252b49f5fcefac374", "text": "Symphony No. 2 (Berwald) Franz Berwald completed the Symphony No. 2 in D major , `` Capricieuse , '' on June 18 , 1842 , in Nyköping . The original score has been lost since the 1850s . In 1909 , the Franz Berwald Foundation commissioned to reconstruct the score from 4-stave sketches containing indications for orchestration . Ellberg 's reconstruction was published in 1913 and first performed on January 9 , 1914 . Towards the end of the century , reviewed Ellberg 's reconstruction and published an `` urtext '' for Bärenreiter . Ellberg 's reconstruction calls for 2 flutes , 2 oboes , 2 clarinets , 2 bassoons , 4 horns , 2 trumpets , tenor trombone , 2 bass trombones , timpani and strings . While Berwald gave clear indications for the woodwinds and strings , such as `` detailed notations ... indicating when certain wind instruments play in unison with the respective string parts or in a different octave , '' where he wanted brass and/or timpani , Berwald would merely write the names of the instruments . However , Berwald did indicate the tuning and register of the brass and timpani at the beginning of each movement . The work is in three movements , Allegro Andante Allegro assai and lasts about 29 and a half minutes per Berwald 's indications of duration ( from which metronome markings could be extrapolated ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3ca3ac6b2f1f6da78b489c829fde0c07", "text": "Symphony, K. 208+102 (Mozart) The Symphony in C major `` No. 52 '' , K. 208 +102 , was composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in 1775 . The first two movements are from the opera Il re pastore , K. 208 , and the last movement , K. 102/213c , was composed separately . The movements are played one after another without a break . The symphony is scored for two flutes , two oboes , two horns , two trumpets and strings . The flutes are silent for the third movement . The symphony consists of the following movements : Molto Allegro , Andantino , Presto assai , The first movement is the overture of the opera Il re pastore , while the second movement is the first aria from it , Aminta 's `` Intendo , amico rio '' , with the castrato voice replaced by a solo oboe . Eight additional bars were composed to replace the final bar of the aria , so as to allow the movement to lead directly into the third movement . The second movement is not written out completely , and Mozart may have indicated to a copyist to replace the voice with a solo oboe . It was once considered that the March in C , K. 214 , might be connected to the final movement , but this hypothesis has been disproven . The Alte Mozart-Ausgabe ( published 1879 -- 1882 ) gives the numbering sequence 1 -- 41 for the 41 numbered symphonies . The unnumbered symphonies ( some , including K. 102 , published in supplements to the Alte-Mozart Ausgabe until 1910 ) are sometimes given numbers in the range 42 to 56 , even though they were written earlier than Mozart 's Symphony No. 41 ( written in 1788 ) . The symphony K. 208 +102 is given the number 52 in this numbering scheme .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5a719a9325a8764c48577e6f82bc4446", "text": "Song cycle A song cycle ( Liederkreis or Liederzyklus ) is a group , or cycle , of individually complete songs designed to be performed in a sequence as a unit . The songs are either for solo voice or an ensemble , or rarely a combination of solo songs mingled with choral pieces . The number of songs in a song cycle may be as brief as two songs or as long as 30 or more songs . The term `` song cycle '' did not enter lexicography until 1865 , in Arrey von Dommer 's edition of Koch 's Musikalisches Lexikon , but works definable in retrospect as song cycles existed long before then . One of the earliest examples may be the set of seven Cantigas de amigo by the 13th-century Galician jongleur Martin Codax . A song cycle is similar to a song collection , and the two can be difficult to distinguish . Some type of coherence , however , is regarded as a necessary attribute of song cycles . It may derive from the text ( a single poet ; a story line ; a central theme or topic such as love or nature ; a unifying mood ; poetic form or genre , as in a sonnet or ballad cycle ) or from musical procedures ( tonal schemes ; recurring motifs , passages or entire songs ; formal structures ) . These unifying features may appear singly or in combination . Because of these many variations , the song cycle `` resists definition '' . The nature and quality of the coherence within a song cycle must therefore be examined `` in individual cases '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9470a75e05a88d73242edd4edc5a66de", "text": "Homophony In music , homophony ( -LSB- həˈmɒfəni , _ hoʊ - , _ - ˈmɒfni -RSB- Greek : ὁμόφωνος , homóphōnos , from ὁμός , homós , `` same '' and φωνή , phōnē , `` sound , tone '' ) is a texture in which a primary part is supported by one or more additional strands that flesh out the harmony and often provide rhythmic contrast . This differentiation of roles contrasts with equal-voice polyphony ( in which similar lines move with rhythmic and melodic independence to form an even texture ) and monophony ( in which all parts move in unison or octaves ) . Historically , homophony and its differentiated roles for parts emerged in tandem with tonality , which gave distinct harmonic functions to the soprano , bass and inner voices . A homophonic texture may be homorhythmic , which means that all parts have the same rhythm . Chorale texture is another variant of homophony . The most common type of homophony is melody-dominated homophony , in which one voice , often the highest , plays a distinct melody , and the accompanying voices work together to articulate an underlying harmony . Initially , in Ancient Greece , homophony indicated music in which a single melody is performed by two or more voices in unison or octaves , i.e. monophony with multiple voices . Homophony as a term first appeared in English with Charles Burney in 1776 , emphasizing the concord of harmonized melody .", "title": "" } ]	fever
d3572ff6352004890dfe2878d5b865fb	Before Night Falls is a biographical film.	[ { "docid": "bf386de79ae79f1f39bef8efd477d274", "text": "Biographical film A biographical film , or biopic ( -LSB- ˈbaɪəʊpɪk -RSB- abbreviation for biographical motion picture ) , is a film that dramatizes the life of a non-fictional or historically-based person or people . Such films show the life of a historical person and the central character 's real name is used . They differ from films `` based on a true story '' or `` historical drama films '' in that they attempt to comprehensively tell a single person 's life story or at least the most historically important years of their lives . Because the figures portrayed are actual people , whose actions and characteristics are known to the public ( or at least historically documented ) , biopic roles are considered some of the most demanding of actors and actresses . Ben Kingsley , Johnny Depp , Jim Carrey , and Jamie Foxx all gained new-found respect as dramatic actors after starring in biopics : Ben Kingsley as Mahatma Gandhi in Gandhi ( 1982 ) , Depp as Ed Wood in Ed Wood ( 1994 ) , Carrey as Andy Kaufman in Man on the Moon ( 1999 ) , and Foxx as Ray Charles in Ray ( 2004 ) . In rare cases , sometimes called auto biopics , the subject of the film plays himself or herself : Jackie Robinson in The Jackie Robinson Story ; Muhammad Ali in The Greatest ; Audie Murphy in To Hell and Back ; Patty Duke in Call Me Anna ; Bob Mathias in The Bob Mathias Story , Arlo Guthrie in Alice 's Restaurant ; and Howard Stern in Private Parts . Biopic scholars include George F. Custen of the College of Staten Island and Dennis P. Bingham of Indiana University -- Purdue University Indianapolis . Custen , in Bio/Pics : How Hollywood Constructed Public History ( 1992 ) , regards the genre as having died with the Hollywood studio era , and in particular , Darryl F. Zanuck . On the other hand , Bingham 's 2010 study Whose Lives Are They Anyway ? The Biopic as Contemporary Film Genre shows how it perpetuates as a codified genre using many of the same tropes used in the studio era that has followed a similar trajectory as that shown by Rick Altman in his study , Film/Genre . Bingham also addresses the male biopic and the female biopic as distinct genres from each other , the former generally dealing with great accomplishments , the latter generally dealing with female victimization . Ellen Cheshire 's Bio-Pics : a life in pictures ( 2014 ) examines UK/US films from the 1990s and 2000s . Each chapter reviews key films linked by profession and concludes with further viewing list . Christopher Robé has also written on the gender norms that underlie the biopic in his article , `` Taking Hollywood Back '' in the 2009 issue of Cinema Journal . Roger Ebert defended The Hurricane and distortions in biographical films in general , stating `` those who seek the truth about a man from the film of his life might as well seek it from his loving grandmother . ... The Hurricane is not a documentary but a parable . '' Some biopics purposely stretch the truth . Confessions of a Dangerous Mind was based on game show host Chuck Barris ' widely debunked yet popular memoir of the same name , in which he claimed to be a CIA agent . Kafka incorporated both the life of author Franz Kafka and the surreal aspects of his fiction . The Errol Flynn film They Died with Their Boots On tells the story of Custer but is highly romanticized . The Oliver Stone film The Doors , mainly about Jim Morrison , was highly praised for the similarities between Jim Morrison and actor Val Kilmer , look-wise and singing-wise , but fans and band members did not like the way Oliver Stone portrayed Jim Morrison , and a few of the scenes were even completely made up . Casting can be controversial for biographical films . Casting is often a balance between similarity in looks and ability to portray the characteristics of the person . Anthony Hopkins felt that he should not have played Richard Nixon in Nixon because of a lack of resemblance between the two . The casting of John Wayne as Genghis Khan in The Conqueror was objected to because of the American Wayne being cast as the Mongol warlord . Egyptian critics criticized the casting of Louis Gossett , Jr. , an African American actor , as Egyptian president Anwar Sadat in the 1982 TV miniseries Sadat . Also , some objected to the casting of Jennifer Lopez in Selena because she is a New York City native of Puerto Rican descent while Selena was Mexican-American .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "978d00702af01f33aec0841218334deb", "text": "Before Night Falls (film) Before Night Falls is a 2000 American biographical romantic drama directed by Julian Schnabel . Based on the autobiography of the same name of Reinaldo Arenas , which was published in English in 1993 , the screenplay was written by Schnabel , Cunningham O'Keefe and Lázaro Gómez Carriles . The film stars Javier Bardem ( who was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor ) , Johnny Depp , Olivier Martinez , Andrea Di Stefano , Santiago Magill and Michael Wincott . The film had its world premiere at the 2000 Venice International Film Festival .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "8408d39de84d4a90463e3f24f6582805", "text": "Before the Music Dies Before the Music Dies ( B4MD ) is a 2006 U.S. documentary film that criticizes the American music industry and the increasing commercialization of the art of music over the past thirty years . The film features interviews and performances from such musicians and groups as Doyle Bramhall II , Erykah Badu , Eric Clapton , Dave Matthews , Branford Marsalis , Elvis Costello , Bonnie Raitt and My Morning Jacket . It was directed by Andrew Shapter , produced by Joel Rasmussen , and co-written by Shapter and Rasmussen . The film premiered on March 12 , 2006 at the South by Southwest film festival in Austin , Texas .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1f325dafbe68f6d52c4ef76b226036f3", "text": "Georges Méliès filmography Georges Méliès ( 1861 -- 1938 ) was a French filmmaker and magician generally regarded as the first person to recognize the potential of narrative film . He made about 520 films between 1896 and 1912 , covering a range of genres including trick films , fantasies , comedies , advertisements , satires , costume dramas , literary adaptations , erotic films , melodramas , and imaginary voyages . His works are often considered as important precursors to further developments in modern narrative cinema , though some recent academicians have argued that Méliès 's films are better understood as spectacular theatrical creations rooted in the 19th-century féerie tradition . After attending the first demonstration of the Lumière Brothers ' Kinetoscope in December 1895 , he bought a film projector from the British film experimenter Robert W. Paul and began using it to project short films at his theater of illusions , the Théâtre Robert-Houdin , in Paris . Having studied the principles on which Paul 's projector ran , Méliès was able to modify the machine so that it could be used as a makeshift camera . He began making his own short films with it in May 1896 , founded the Star Film Company in the same year , and built his own studio in Montreuil , Seine-Saint-Denis in 1897 . His films A Trip to the Moon ( 1902 ) , The Kingdom of the Fairies ( 1903 ) , and The Impossible Voyage ( 1904 ) were among the most popular films of the first few years of the twentieth century , and Méliès built a second studio , complete with artificial light fittings , in 1907 . However , various factors ( American film piracy , price standardizations prescribed in 1908 by the Motion Picture Patents Company , and the waning popularity of fanciful magic films chief among them ) led eventually to Méliès 's financial ruin and the closing of his studio . His last films were made under the supervision of the rival filmmaker Charles Pathé , and in 1922 -- 23 Méliès sold his studios , closed the Théâtre Robert-Houdin , and discarded his own collection of his negative and positive prints . In 1925 he began selling toys and candy from a stand in the Gare Montparnasse in Paris . Thanks to the efforts of film history devotées , especially René Clair , Jean George Auriol , and Paul Gilson , Méliès and his work were rediscovered in the late 1920s , and he was awarded the Legion of Honor in 1931 . In the list below , Méliès 's films are numbered according to their order in the catalogues of the Star Film Company . In Méliès 's numbering system , films were listed and numbered according to their order of production , and each catalogue number denotes about 20 meters of film ( thus , for example , A Trip to the Moon , at about 260 meters long , is listed as # 399 -- 411 ) . The original French release titles , as well as the original titles used in the US and UK versions of the Star Film catalogues , are listed in the body of the filmography ; notable variant titles are provided in smaller text . The parenthetical descriptive subtitles used in the catalogues ( e.g. scène comique ) are also provided whenever possible . Films directed by Méliès but not originally released by the Star Film Company ( such as The Coronation of Edward VII , released by Charles Urban , or The Conquest of the Pole , released by Pathé Frères ) are also included . Where available , the list also includes information on whether each film survives , survives in fragmentary form , or is presumed lost . Unless otherwise referenced , the information presented here is derived from the 2008 filmography prepared by Jacques Malthête , augmented by filmographies prepared in the 1970s by Paul Hammond and John Frazer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "56dd4116873949e0c8b894fc1879d0c8", "text": "Before the Rain (1994 film) Before the Rain ( Пред дождот , Pred doždot ) is a 1994 British-French-Macedonian film starring Katrin Cartlidge , Rade Šerbedžija , Grégoire Colin , and Labina Mitevska . It was directed and written by Milcho Manchevski . The music was created by the band Anastasia . Director of photography was Manuel Teran , editor Nicolas Gaster , production designers David Munns and Sharon Lomofsky . The film was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film and won the Golden Lion award at 51st Venice International Film Festival , alongside Vive L'Amour by Tsai Ming-liang .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "df1e35210c9dad35fa8a8585ec7e64ca", "text": "Kim Krizan Kim Krizan ( born November 1 , 1961 ) is an American writer and actress best known for originating the characters in the `` Before '' series with her writing on Before Sunrise ( 1995 ) and Before Sunset ( 2004 ) , for which she was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay and a Writers Guild Award . Both films were based on characters she created with Richard Linklater . Krizan currently resides in Los Angeles , where she writes and teaches writing courses , most notably at UCLA .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9c87df78df4d70b27af3959ce4bf11ec", "text": "A Kiss Before Dying (1956 film) A Kiss Before Dying is a 1956 American color film noir , directed by Gerd Oswald in his directorial debut . The screenplay was written by Lawrence Roman , based on Ira Levin 's 1953 novel of the same name , which won the 1954 Edgar Award for `` Best First Novel . '' The drama stars Robert Wagner , Jeffrey Hunter , Virginia Leith , Joanne Woodward , and Mary Astor . It was remade in 1991 under the same title . Wagner plays a charming , intelligent man who will stop at nothing to get his life where he wants it to go . His problem is a pregnant woman -- played by Joanne Woodward in one of her first film roles -- who loves him . The solution involves desperate measures .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0872ed64d9e041a6264aeda111d96b84", "text": "Richard Holmes (biographer) Richard Holmes , OBE , FRSL , FBA ( born 5 November 1945 ) is a British author and academic best known for his biographical studies of major figures of British and French Romanticism .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1eecef601918c143f1c3f32d42ebb22a", "text": "Smile Before Death Smile Before Death ( Il sorriso della iena ) is a 1972 Italian giallo film written and directed by Silvio Amadio .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4cc9d6a664c27810bb90d570f84359ce", "text": "By Player is a 2000 Japanese biographical film directed by Kaneto Shindo based on the life of actor Taiji Tonoyama . The film is a series of vignettes from Taiji Tonoyama 's life and film clips , interspersed with a dialogue to camera by Nobuko Otowa , addressing the camera as if she is addressing Tonoyama himself , recollecting events in his life . The film focuses on Tonoyama 's alcohol dependence and his various sexual relationships , as well as his film work with Shindo .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "def0aedff5557d0ee35128535de300bd", "text": "American Film Institute The American Film Institute ( AFI ) is an American film organization that educates filmmakers and honors the heritage of the motion picture arts in the United States . AFI is supported by private funding and public membership .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "371a182987adc6cf7a24320a07bbd491", "text": "Robert Hammond (author) Robert Hammond ( December 29 , 1920-April 16 , 2009 ) earned a BA from the University of Rochester ( 1942 ) , and both an MA ( 1947 ) and PhD ( 1952 ) from Yale University . He was awarded a Fulbright Fellowship to France ( 1949-1950 ) along with numerous other honors , fellowships and grants . Hammond was an instructor , and then professor of French at the University of Arizona ( 1953-1967 ) . He later was professor of French at Harvard University ( 1965-1966 ) , and a visiting professor of French Literature and Cinema at Wells College in Aurora , NY ( 1967-1968 ) . From 1968 , Hammond taught at SUNY-Cortland , where he also served as chair of the International Communications and Culture Department . Upon his retirement in 1988 he moved to Paris , France . Along with being a dedicated instructor , Hammond published numerous analyses and critiques of French literature and films , translated texts between French and English , and contributed countless papers and general scholarship on the French cinema . Much of Hammond 's extensive scholarly work focuses on French filmmaker Jean Cocteau , and his bilingual edition of Cocteau 's Beauty and the Beast is widely cited within the academy . Hammond is also the author of over 40 plays in both English and French and various other works of both poetry and prose . In 1983 Hammond donated his collection of 275 French film scripts to the Fales Library of NYU , creating the Hammond Film Script Archive and continued to acquire and donate scripts throughout the years since his original gift . As of March 2003 , the Hammond Film Script Archive consists of 454 scripts spanning the years 1935 through 1996 . In 1995 Hammond again made a major donation in the form of his personal papers . The Robert Hammond Papers provide important links to the Film Script Archive as well as primary research materials for students working in Cinema Studies .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9e2066e2ecab2a68f954c5f105f457b5", "text": "Lindsay Anderson Lindsay Gordon Anderson ( 17 April 1923 -- 30 August 1994 ) was a British feature film , theatre and documentary director , film critic , and leading light of the Free Cinema movement and the British New Wave . He is most widely remembered for his 1968 film if ... , which won the Palme d'Or at Cannes Film Festival and was Malcolm McDowell 's cinematic debut . He is also notable , though not a professional actor , for playing a minor role in the Academy Award winning film Chariots of Fire . Malcolm McDowell produced a 2007 documentary about his experiences with Lindsay Anderson , Never Apologize .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9bfacfb1ca8c83db28c42b7778e9a62f", "text": "Madame Rosa Madame Rosa ( La vie devant soi ) is a 1977 French film directed by Moshé Mizrahi , adapted from the 1975 novel The Life Before Us by Romain Gary . It stars Simone Signoret and Samy Ben-Youb , and tells the story of an elderly Jewish woman and former prostitute in Paris who cares for a number of children , including an adolescent Algerian boy . The film required a transformation in Signoret 's appearance as Madame Rosa . The film was viewed in context of Arab -- Israeli conflicts , and received positive reviews . It won the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film , while Signoret won the César Award for Best Actress for her performance .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b469ec7e4389ba6e9274dcf8d990af36", "text": "Darkness Falls (1999 film) Darkness Falls is a 1999 drama film by John Howlett , very loosely adapted from N. J. Crisp 's psychological thriller Dangerous Obsession and directed by Gerry Lively . N. J. Crisp 's name does not appear on the films credits . The film was shot in late 1997 on the Isle of Man .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "322af893a6f048a852a721327e3d4490", "text": "A Brief History of Time (film) A Brief History of Time is a 1991 biographical documentary film about the physicist Stephen Hawking , directed by Errol Morris . The title derives from Hawking 's bestselling book A Brief History of Time , but whereas the book is an explanation of cosmology , the film is a biography of Hawking 's life , featuring interviews with family members , colleagues , and even his childhood nanny . The music is by frequent Morris collaborator , Philip Glass . The film project originated with executive producer Gordon Freedman who brought the project to Anglia Television as a co-producer . After acquiring the property , Freedman met with director Steven Spielberg for advice on how to make the project into an important documentary film . Spielberg suggested Errol Morris as director . Freedman 's production company partnered with Anglia Television and Tokyo Broadcasting . David Hickman , of Anglia , became the film 's producer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a0ab95b07216f9cefd824aece117c05e", "text": "Gary Cooper filmography The filmography of Gary Cooper chronicles the film appearances of American actor Gary Cooper . After starting his career in 1925 as a film extra and stuntman , Cooper made his official cinematic debut in 1926 in the Samuel Goldwyn production The Winning of Barbara Worth . He went on to become a contract player with Paramount Pictures where he established himself as a popular leading man prior to the end of the silent film era . Cooper 's future in the sound era was assured with the release of The Virginian ( 1929 ) , his first all-talkie film . For the next 32 years , he would be one of cinema 's top money-making stars . From 1936 to 1957 , Cooper ranked 18 times among the top ten box office attractions -- a record when he died in 1961 , and later surpassed only by John Wayne , who ranked among the top ten 25 times , Clint Eastwood ( 21 times ) and Tom Cruise ( 20 times ) . Cooper was nominated for the Best Actor Academy Award five times and won twice , for Sergeant York ( 1942 ) and High Noon ( 1952 ) . The latter film boosted his popularity , resulting in him being the number one box office attraction in 1953 . Cooper received a third Academy Award -- an honorary one -- just prior to his death in 1961 . His final film , The Naked Edge , was released shortly after his death . As of February 2008 , more than half of Gary Cooper 's feature films are available on DVD , while others not yet on home video are available for television broadcast . Unfortunately , at least two of his silent films -- Beau Sabreur ( 1928 ) and The Legion of the Condemned ( 1928 ) -- are now considered lost films . Another of his silent films , Wolf Song ( 1929 ) , was originally released as a part talkie , but survives only as a silent film . One of Cooper 's earliest talkies , Paramount on Parade ( 1930 ) , survives incomplete . The prints that are available for television are missing all but one of the film 's Technicolor scenes -- a partial restoration of these scenes was done by the UCLA Film Archives . This filmography contains sections for Cooper 's work as an extra in the earliest part of his film career , his feature film appearances , his occasional appearances in short films , and a section for a compilation film . Due to its length ( 92 films ) , the listing of his feature films is divided in four sections . Cooper 's film roles are listed , as well as the names of each film 's director and co-stars . Cooper 's awards and nominations are also listed . Except where noted , all of his films were shot in 35mm black and white . All films released prior to Lilac Time ( 1928 ) are silent films and all from The Virginian ( 1929 ) onward are sound films . The films made during the silent-to-sound transition are noted as being either silent or sound films . As an addendum , Cooper 's handful of television appearances are also listed .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "315c7bf7a45dc7a22cd20418d9fb7796", "text": "Beyond Citizen Kane Beyond Citizen Kane ( 1993 ) is a British documentary film directed by Simon Hartog , produced by John Ellis , and first broadcast on Channel 4 . It details the dominant position of the Rede Globo media group , the largest in Brazil , and discusses the group 's influence , power , and political connections . Globo 's president and founder Roberto Marinho was criticised and compared to the fictional newspaper tycoon Charles Foster Kane , created by Orson Welles for the 1941 film Citizen Kane . According to the documentary , Marinho 's media group engages in manipulation of news to influence public opinion . Rede Globo objected to the film 's position and tried to buy Brazilian rights , but Hartog had already made agreements to give non-TV rights to political and cultural groups in Brazil . While it is often claimed in Brazil that exhibiting the documentary in Brazil was forbidden by the justice , John Ellis claims that there are no legal restrictions in place , but the documentary ca n't be broadcast on TV in Brazil since it contains large sections of footage owned by Globo . However , copies sold in Britain reached Brazil in the 1990s and circulated widely there . In addition , since the Internet boom of the early 21st century , the film has been released on sharing networks and had hundreds of thousands of views , as measured on YouTube and Google Video .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3e505ce08107a4dd04fb27d9bc65582d", "text": "Twentieth Century (film) Twentieth Century is a 1934 American pre-Code screwball comedy film . Much of the film is set on the 20th Century Limited train as it travels from Chicago to New York City . The film was directed by Howard Hawks , stars John Barrymore and Carole Lombard , and features Walter Connolly , Roscoe Karns and Edgar Kennedy . Ben Hecht and Charles MacArthur adapted their Broadway play of the same name -- itself based on the unproduced play Napoleon of Broadway by Charles Bruce Millholland -- with uncredited contributions from Gene Fowler and Preston Sturges . Along with Frank Capra 's It Happened One Night , also released in 1934 ( which amazingly has exactly the same music over the opening titles ) , Twentieth Century is considered to be a prototype for the screwball comedy . `` Howard Hawks ' rapid-fire romantic comedy established the essential ingredients of the screwball -- a dizzy dame , a charming but befuddled hero , dazzling dialogue and a dash of slapstick . '' Its success propelled Lombard into the front ranks of film comediennes . The film was added to the National Film Registry of the Library of Congress in 2011 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d73b55299e9430d77fea6eeb34681784", "text": "The Falls The Falls is a 1980 film directed by Peter Greenaway . It was Greenaway 's first feature-length film after many years making shorts . It does not have a traditional dramatic narrative ; it takes the form of a mock documentary in 92 short parts .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "503483971ee5935ca785e30b5ea8cb16", "text": "Frank E. Woods Frank E. Woods ( 1860 -- 1 May 1939 ) was an American screenwriter of the silent era . He wrote for 90 films between 1908 and 1925 , and first became a writer with American Mutoscope and Biograph . Woods was also a pioneering film reviewer . As a writer , his contributions to film criticism are discussed in the documentary , For the Love of Movies : The Story of American Film Criticism . He was also known for his screenplay collaborations with D. W. Griffith , including the co-scripting of The Birth of a Nation . He is interred in the Hollywood Forever Cemetery in Hollywood , CA . Woods was one of the 36 founders of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "99582ccd9b10341d738de71830e1370d", "text": "Darkness Falls Darkness Falls may refer to : Darkness Falls ( 1999 film ) , a British drama starring Ray Winstone Darkness Falls ( 2003 film ) , an American horror film starring Emma Caulfield Darkness Falls ( The X-Files ) , a 1994 episode of The X-Files Darkness Falls , a 1997 online fantasy role-playing game by Mythic Entertainment Darkness Falls , a 1994 Hardy Boys Casefiles novel Darkness Falls , a Danish pop-noir duo formed in 2009 Darkness Falls ( The Legend of Korra ) , a 2013 episode of The Legend of Korra", "title": "" } ]	fever
0ddaa84d3d707f969c38a57915eeb39a	KFC is the second biggest restaurant chain in the world.	[ { "docid": "f5884f27887d9c4902675313a552cd77", "text": "KFC Kentucky Fried Chicken , more commonly known by its initials KFC , is an American fast food restaurant chain that specializes in fried chicken . Headquartered in Louisville , Kentucky , it is the world 's second-largest restaurant chain ( as measured by sales ) after McDonald 's , with almost 20,000 locations globally in 123 countries and territories . The chain is a subsidiary of Yum ! Brands , a restaurant company that also owns the Pizza Hut and Taco Bell chains . KFC was founded by Colonel Harland Sanders , an entrepreneur who began selling fried chicken from his roadside restaurant in Corbin , Kentucky during the Great Depression . Sanders identified the potential of the restaurant franchising concept , and the first `` Kentucky Fried Chicken '' franchise opened in Utah in 1952 . KFC popularized chicken in the fast food industry , diversifying the market by challenging the established dominance of the hamburger . By branding himself as `` Colonel Sanders '' , Harland became a prominent figure of American cultural history , and his image remains widely used in KFC advertising . However , the company 's rapid expansion overwhelmed the aging Sanders and he sold it to a group of investors led by John Y. Brown Jr. and Jack C. Massey in 1964 . KFC was one of the first American fast food chains to expand internationally , opening outlets in Canada , the United Kingdom , Mexico , and Jamaica by the mid-1960s . Throughout the 1970s and 1980s , it experienced mixed fortunes domestically , as it went through a series of changes in corporate ownership with little or no experience in the restaurant business . In the early-1970s , KFC was sold to the spirits distributor Heublein , which was taken over by the R.J. Reynolds food and tobacco conglomerate ; that company sold the chain to PepsiCo . The chain continued to expand overseas , however , and in 1987 , it became the first Western restaurant chain to open in China . It has since expanded rapidly in China , which is now the company 's single largest market . PepsiCo spun off its restaurants division as Tricon Global Restaurants , which later changed its name to Yum ! Brands . KFC 's original product is pressure fried chicken pieces , seasoned with Sanders ' recipe of 11 herbs and spices . The constituents of the recipe represent a notable trade secret . Larger portions of fried chicken are served in a cardboard `` bucket '' , which has become a well known feature of the chain since it was first introduced by franchisee Pete Harman in 1957 . Since the early 1990s , KFC has expanded its menu to offer other chicken products such as chicken fillet burgers and wraps , as well as salads and side dishes , such as French fries and coleslaw , desserts , and soft drinks , the latter often supplied by PepsiCo . KFC is known for its slogans `` Finger Lickin ' Good '' , `` Nobody does chicken like KFC '' and `` So good '' .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "15fbff626502adc50feeeb1203091b7b", "text": "Fatburger Fatburger Inc. is an American fast casual restaurant chain . Its tagline is The Last Great Hamburger Stand . While it is a fast food restaurant , the food is cooked and made to order . Some Fatburger restaurants have a liquor license , as well as Fat Bars . Its franchise headquarters are in Beverly Hills , California . In addition to the United States , the chain operates in over 19 other countries .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0b7e4a6e04a1b8da8fc111f4c16f03c2", "text": "Australian Fast Foods Pty Limited Australian Fast Foods Pty Limited based in Balcatta Western Australia is in the takeaway food industry employing 6,956 people Australia wide . As owner of Red Rooster and Chicken Treat it is the joint fifth largest fast food operator in Australia after McDonald 's , KFC , Hungry Jack 's and Subway , with 450 outlets .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8a1637f270c5e40c72973e9aa3d45f13", "text": "Kwik Way The original Kwik Way fast food restaurant chain , based in Oakland , California , began at 63rd & E 14th in 1952 . Owned by partners Lehman & Mahoney , they followed with a Kwik Way at 22nd & Telegraph , in 1954 , followed with a 3rd restaurant , the Grand Lake Drive In , at 500 Lake Park in 1956 . All three restaurants were identical in operation in their heyday , and run under common ownership . When partners Lehman & Mahoney retired from active management , each restaurant sold to the then current managers , thereby forever ending the famous Oakland chain . Only one location remains : The Grand Lake Drive In became Kwik Way , a revival of name only . That restaurant near the Grand Lake Theater was later owned by Alex and Charles Hahn , and has been cleaned up and relaunched by Gary Rizzo . Not to be confused with the long gone original Kwik Way , the later restaurants became notorious . `` Complaints have included greasy food , bad service , unsanitary conditions , and complaints from neighbors about the late-night crowd it attracted . But the kicker came in 1981 when an unsuspecting customer discovered a fried dead mouse in her order . '' Her claims , however , were never substantiated . Kwik Way gave its name to one of Oakland 's only Hardcore bands Kwik Way and was featured in the Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen award-winning music video for their tune `` Two Triple Cheese , Side Order of Fries '' . Famous Oaklander Frank Oz used to `` live on it '' , but fitting with Kwik Way 's reputation , he also said , `` I ca n't believe I did n't die from it . I do n't know how I survived because that 's where we went . '' The last remaining Kwik Way was in negotiations for being turned into a Fatburger and a McDonald 's in 2005 which was met with protest . The negotiations fizzled .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "81143d511d8fd6fe9c32580b247413d8", "text": "IKEA IKEA ( -LSB- aɪˈkiːə -RSB- or -LSB- ɪˈkiːə -RSB- Swedish ) , is a multinational group , headquartered in the Netherlands , that designs and sells , kitchen appliances and home accessories . It has been the world 's largest furniture retailer since at least 2008 . Founded in Sweden in 1943 by then-17-year-old Ingvar Kamprad , who was listed by Forbes Magazine ( in its 2 November , 2015 issue ) as one of the ten richest people in the world and the owner of a more than 40 billion dollar fortune , the company 's name is an acronym that consists of the initials of Ingvar Kamprad ( name of founder ) , Elmtaryd ( the farm where he grew up ) , and Agunnaryd ( his hometown in Småland , southern Sweden ) . The company is known for its modernist designs for various types of appliances and furniture , and its interior design work is often associated with an eco-friendly simplicity . In addition , the firm is known for its attention to cost control , operational details , and continuous product development , corporate attributes that allowed IKEA to lower its prices by an average of two to three percent over the decade to 2010 during a period of global expansion . The IKEA group has a complex corporate structure , which the European Union has alleged was designed to avoid over 1 billion Euros in tax payments over the 2009-2014 period . It is controlled by several foundations based in the Netherlands , Luxembourg and Liechtenstein . As of December 2016 , IKEA owns and operates 392 stores in 48 countries . In fiscal year 2016 , $ 36.4 billion worth of goods were sold , a total that represented a 7.6 percent increase over 2015 . The IKEA website contains about 12,000 products and is the closest representation of the entire IKEA range . There were over 2.1 billion visitors to IKEA 's websites in the year from September 2015 to August 2016 . The company is responsible for approximately 1 % of world commercial-product wood consumption , making it one of the largest users of wood in the retail sector .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2d9e202373959de3cd8294a016582ee9", "text": "List of defunct fast-food restaurant chains This is a list of defunct fast-food chains . A restaurant chain is a set of related restaurants with the same name in many different locations that are either under shared corporate ownership ( e.g. , McDonald 's in the U.S. ) or franchising agreements . Typically , the restaurants within a chain are built to a standard format through architectural prototype development and offer a standard menu and/or services .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ddb2ef4984ae88303af95317f80122a3", "text": "DineEquity DineEquity , Inc. , formerly known as IHOP Corporation , is an American company that franchises and operates IHOP and Applebee 's restaurants . The company is headquartered in Glendale , California , and was founded in 1976 as IHOP until after it acquired Applebee 's when it changed its corporate identity . IHOP Corporation announced on July 16 , 2007 that it intended to acquire the bar-and-grill chain Applebee 's International , Inc. in an all-cash transaction that was valued at approximately US$ 2.1 billion . Under the deal , IHOP paid would pay $ 25.50 per share for Applebee 's . IHOP stated it would franchise most of Applebee 's 500 company-owned stores . In 2015 , Applebee 's had 2,033 restaurants overall worldwide , all operated by franchisees . Julia Stewart , who originally worked as a waitress at IHOP and worked her way up through the restaurant industry , became Chief Executive Officer of IHOP Corporation . She had previously been President of Applebee 's , but left after being overlooked for that company 's CEO position . She became CEO of IHOP in 2001 , and returned to manage her old company due to the acquisition . She later stepped down as the CEO in March 2017 . With a larger than 70 % vote , Applebee 's stockholders approved the takeover , which closed on November 29 , 2007 . The deal beat 26 other offers to purchase the economically slumping Applebee 's . A number of executives from Applebee 's voted against the offer . The chain 's largest individual shareholder , Applebee 's director Burton `` Skip '' Sack , believed the purchasing price was unfair to the shareholders and planned to take IHOP to court . As part of the purchase , a brand re-marketing scheme and revitalization of the Applebee 's image was undertaken .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0270762e5a619e026b0ace89352d4bee", "text": "List of restaurant terminology This is a list of restaurant terminology . A restaurant is a business that prepares and serves food and drink to customers in return for money , either paid before the meal , after the meal , or with a running tab . Meals are generally served and eaten on premises , but many restaurants also offer take-out and food delivery services . Restaurants vary greatly in appearance and offerings , including a wide variety of the main chef 's cuisines and service models .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d34fdc2d9b6ab6bb3e38c4ce663ff708", "text": "Pudgie's Pudgie 's Famous Chicken , often referred as simply Pudgie 's , is a chain of fast food restaurants . Competing with KFC and Popeyes , many locations today are co-branded with Nathan 's Famous , many of which are also co-branded with sister chain Arthur Treacher 's , and have several locations in the New York metropolitan area . It is famous for its skinless fried chicken products and for their signature fried chicken having 25 % less fat than traditional fried chicken .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d7be4426c26b1e9cfa51adffb3227330", "text": "Champy's Famous Fried Chicken Champy 's Famous Fried Chicken , also referred to as Champy 's by the locals , is a Southern style fried chicken restaurant . The restaurant 's owners Seth and Crissy Champion wanted to bring their family 's recipe all the way from the Mississippi Delta region . The restaurant 's motto is `` Blues , Brews , and Bird '' . The motto of the restaurant is `` Blues , Brews , and Birds '' is brought to life from the decorations hanging around the establishment . The restaurant is an expanding food chain with many positive reviews and an atmosphere with a bar and family orientated nature .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "82479fc73e37a193a85e6af473d089e6", "text": "Jef (fast food restaurant) is a fast-food chain on Okinawa Island , with five restaurants in and around Naha ( Yonabaru , Tomigusuku , Nishihara ) . They sport a menu featuring many homemade Okinawan specialties such as gōyā burger , `` Nūyaru '' ( gōyā and pork burger ) , hamburgers with a filling of SPAM and bitter melon omelet . They also have fried gōyā rings , similar to onion rings , and gōyā juice . Besides these more exotic offerings they also have normal ham - and cheeseburgers . The first restaurant opened on January 29 , 1986 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bd9a13a3d1335097ad26dcf80f1b728f", "text": "Louisiana Famous Fried Chicken Louisiana Famous Fried Chicken is an American fast food chain that started in 1976 in South Los Angeles by Joe Dion , a Michigan native . The company is a franchise venture where licensees pay for license rights and a flour and red pepper recipe used to coat the dishes but are otherwise not restricted . By 2017 there were 148 Louisiana Famous Fried Chicken restaurants in the United States , mostly run by Cambodians , and ownership of the company had been transferred to Micheal P. Eng .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b96ab5d417cf2cf9b3d2e36903170049", "text": "Quick (restaurant) Quick Restaurants is an originally Belgian chain of hamburger fast food restaurants based in Bobigny , Seine-Saint-Denis , France . Founded in 1971 by veteran Belgian entrepreneur Baron François Vaxelaire , Quick is the first hamburger chain founded in Europe with around 400 restaurants . Quick is similar in theme to McDonald 's and Burger King . In 2007 , it was taken over by the French government 's investment holding company , CDC , and was purchased by Burger King France in February 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ddce98da24266f9c3917f06930314fc4", "text": "Brigade de cuisine Brigade de cuisine ( -LSB- bʁiɡad də kɥizin -RSB- , kitchen brigade ) is a system of hierarchy found in restaurants and hotels employing extensive staff , commonly referred to as `` kitchen staff '' in English-speaking countries . The concept was developed by Georges Auguste Escoffier . This structured team system delegates responsibilities to different individuals who specialize in certain tasks in the kitchen .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eddb3586db5efb337a4b54917f282474", "text": "Klenger Burger Klenger Burger is an Indonesian restaurant chain based in Jakarta , operated by PT Kinarya Anak Negeri . The restaurant chain served halal hamburgers designed to suit the Indonesian palate . The company sold a variety of burgers , including a 25 cm Raja Klenger ( King Klenger ) designed to serve seven people . It also sold pizza , grilled and fried duck and chicken , and Indonesian snacks such as rempeyek and emping . It was founded by husband and wife Velly Kristanti and Gatut Cahyadi , who previously ran a restaurant ` Pondok Sayur Asem ' . The name ` Klenger ' is intended to convey a sense of spicy sauce , as in sambal . At its peak , the company used to operate around 70 outlets in Java , Bali and Medan under franchise agreements , plus several dozen outlets in Alfa Midi supermarkets . However , in late 2011 , the company went thru restructuring . As of December 2012 , a few outlets are still operating . 2013 , Klenger Burger came with new concept , Klenger Burger Gourmet and Klenger Burger Delivery . Also introducing brand new logo and new mascot , Super Klenger .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ac9581783cf63aeee26d0f065d4641bd", "text": "KFC Index The KFC Index is an informal guide to measure Purchasing Power Parity ( PPP ) comparing exchange rates in African countries . Similar to and inspired by the Big Mac Index , the key difference between the two indices is the KFC Index is focused solely on Africa , where the Big Mac Index coverage is limited in Africa as there is little presence of McDonald 's in Africa , as opposed to KFC chains which operate in almost 20 countries across the continent .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9a18b1792b8739a7e289acfc29a14683", "text": "Fast casual restaurant A fast casual restaurant , found primarily in the United States , does not offer full table service , but promises higher quality food than other fast food restaurants ( with fewer frozen or processed ingredients ) . It is an intermediate concept between fast food and casual dining , and typically priced accordingly . The category is exemplified by chains such as Boston Market , Bruegger 's , Captain D 's , Chipotle Mexican Grill , Culvers , Dig Inn , El Pollo Loco , Five Guys , Freddy 's Frozen Custard & Steakburgers , Newk 's Eatery , Noodles & Co. , Panera Bread , Pizza Ranch , and Vapiano .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8857a9c975ad7af2d814f53d0f7c87d8", "text": "Burger King Burger King ( BK ) is an American global chain of hamburger fast food restaurants . Headquartered in the unincorporated area of Miami-Dade County , Florida , the company was founded in 1953 as InstaBurger King , a Jacksonville , Florida-based restaurant chain . After Insta-Burger King ran into financial difficulties in 1954 , its two Miami-based franchisees David Edgerton and James McLamore purchased the company and renamed it `` Burger King '' . Over the next half-century , the company would change hands four times , with its third set of owners , a partnership of TPG Capital , Bain Capital , and Goldman Sachs Capital Partners , taking it public in 2002 . In late 2010 , 3G Capital of Brazil acquired a majority stake in the company , in a deal valued at US$ 3.26 billion . The new owners promptly initiated a restructuring of the company to reverse its fortunes . 3G , along with partner Berkshire Hathaway , eventually merged the company with the Canadian-based doughnut chain Tim Hortons , under the auspices of a new Canadian-based parent company named Restaurant Brands International . The 1970s were the `` Golden Age '' of the company 's advertising , but beginning in the early-1980s , Burger King advertising began losing focus . A series of less successful advertising campaigns created by a procession of advertising agencies continued for the next two decades . In 2003 , Burger King hired the Miami-based advertising agency Crispin Porter + Bogusky ( CP+B ) , who completely reorganized its advertising with a series of new campaigns centered on a redesigned Burger King character nicknamed `` The King '' , accompanied by a new online presence . While highly successful , some of CP+B 's commercials were derided for perceived sexism or cultural insensitivity . Burger King 's new owner , 3G Capital , later terminated the relationship with CP+B in 2011 and moved its advertising to McGarryBowen , to begin a new product-oriented campaign with expanded demographic targeting . Burger King 's menu has expanded from a basic offering of burgers , French fries , sodas , and milkshakes to a larger and more diverse set of products . In 1957 , the `` Whopper '' became the first major addition to the menu , and it has become Burger King 's signature product since . Conversely , BK has introduced many products , which failed to catch hold in the marketplace . Some of these failures in the United States have seen success in foreign markets , where BK has also tailored its menu for regional tastes . From 2002 to 2010 , Burger King aggressively targeted the 18 -- 34 male demographic with larger products that often carried correspondingly large amounts of unhealthy fats and trans-fats . This tactic would eventually damage the company 's financial underpinnings , and cast a negative pall on its earnings . Beginning in 2011 , the company began to move away from its previous male-oriented menu and introduce new menu items , product reformulations and packaging , as part of its current owner 3G Capital 's restructuring plans of the company . As of December 31 , 2016 , Burger King reported it had 15,738 outlets in 100 countries . Of these , 47.5 % are in the United States and 99.5 % are privately owned and operated , with its new owners moving to an almost entirely franchised model in 2013 . BK has historically used several variations of franchising to expand its operations . The manner in which the company licenses its franchisees varies depending on the region , with some regional franchises , known as master franchises , responsible for selling franchise sub-licenses on the company 's behalf . Burger King 's relationship with its franchises has not always been harmonious . Occasional spats between the two have caused numerous issues , and in several instances , the company 's and its licensees ' relations have degenerated into precedent-setting court cases . Burger King 's Australian franchise Hungry Jack 's is the only franchise to operate under a different name , due to a trademark dispute and a series of legal cases between the two .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "957b3733bbd45ddf96ee26c8ecdaf4a0", "text": "Submarina Submarina is an American chain of fast-food restaurants . Founded in 1977 , the chain specializes in sub sandwiches .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "43487dbff112f5970dbb1c84593fbde9", "text": "Steakhouse A steakhouse , steak house , or chophouse is a restaurant that specializes in steaks and chops . Modern steakhouses can also offer other cuts of meat such as roast prime rib , veal , and seafood . Chophouses started in London in the 1690s , and served individual portions of meat , known as chops . The traditional nature of the food served was zealously maintained through the later 19th century despite the new cooking styles from the Continent which were beginning to become fashionable . The houses were normally only open for men . The steakhouse started in the United States in the late 19th century as a development from traditional inns and bars .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "75b801afb38eebc5d9342070d193fefc", "text": "Burger King legal issues The legal issues of Burger King include several legal disputes and lawsuits involving the international fast food restaurant chain Burger King ( BK ) as both plaintiff and defendant in the years since its founding in 1954 . These have involved almost every aspect of the company 's operations . Depending on the ownership and executive staff at the time of these incidents , the company 's responses to these challenges have ranged from a conciliatory dialog with its critics and litigants to a more aggressive opposition with questionable tactics and negative consequences . The company 's response to these various issues has drawn praise , scorn , and accusations of political appeasement from different parties over the years . A diverse range of groups have raised issues , such as People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals ( PETA ) over the welfare of animals , governmental and social agencies over health issues and compliance with nutritional labeling laws , and unions and trade groups over labor relations and laws . These situations have touched on the concepts of animal rights , corporate responsibility and ethics , as well as social justice . While the majority of the disputes did not result in lawsuits , in many of the cases the situations raised legal questions , dealt with statutory compliance , or resulted in legal remedies such as changes in contractual procedure or binding agreements between parties . The resolutions to these legal matters have often altered the way the company interacts and negotiates contracts with its suppliers and franchisees or how it does business with the public . Further controversies have occurred because of the company 's involvement in the Middle East . The opening of a Burger King location in the Israeli-occupied territories led to a breach of contract dispute between Burger King and its Israeli franchise ; the dispute eventually erupted into a geopolitical conflagration involving Muslim and Jewish groups on multiple continents over the application of and adherence to international law . The case eventually elicited reactions from the members of the 22-nation Arab League ; the Islamic countries within the League made a joint threat to the company of legal sanctions including the revocation of Burger King 's business licenses within the member states ' territories . A second issue involving members of the Islamic faith over the interpretation of the Muslim version of Canon Law , Shariah , regarding the promotional artwork on a dessert package in the United Kingdom raised issues of cultural sensitivity , and , with the former example , posed a larger question about the lengths that companies must go to insure the smooth operation of their businesses in the communities they serve . A trademark dispute involving the owners of the identically named Burger King in Mattoon , Illinois led to a federal lawsuit ; the case 's outcome helped define the scope of the Lanham act and trademark law in the United States . An existing trademark held by a shop of the same name in South Australia forced the company to change its name in Australia , while another state trademark in Texas forced the company to abandon its signature product , the Whopper , in several counties around San Antonio . The company was only able to enter northern Alberta , in Canada , in 1995 , after it paid the founders of another chain named Burger King . Legal decisions from other suits have set contractual law precedents in regards to long-arm statutes , the limitations of franchise agreements , and ethical business practices ; many of these decisions have helped define general business dealings that continue to shape the entire marketplace .", "title": "" } ]	fever
60a9300440ab190c17017538e4148a61	There are zero actors in Pitch Perfect 3.	[ { "docid": "b5df63078323578a5cbf59da8592bd1b", "text": "Chrissie Fit Chrissie Marie Fit ( born April 3 , 1984 ) is an American actress and singer . In 2007 , Fit rose to prominence after she was cast as the character Mercedes Juarez in the medical drama , General Hospital . She is also known for her role as CheeChee in the DCOM , Teen Beach Movie , and for her role as Florencia `` Flo '' Fuentes in Pitch Perfect 2 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5834b4257fd0c5ac827647ce649328dc", "text": "Anna Camp Anna Ragsdale Camp ( born September 27 , 1982 ) is an American actress and singer . She is known for her role as Sarah Newlin in True Blood , and her recurring roles in Mad Men , The Good Wife , and The Mindy Project . She is also known for her role as Aubrey Posen in Pitch Perfect ( 2012 ) , Pitch Perfect 2 ( 2015 ) , and the upcoming Pitch Perfect 3 ( 2017 ) . She made her Broadway debut in the 2008 production of A Country House and played Jill Mason in the 2008 Broadway revival of Equus . In 2012 , she was nominated for a Drama Desk Award for her performance in the Off-Broadway play All New People . Camp played Jane Hollander , a researcher for the fictitious News of the Week magazine in the Amazon series Good Girls Revolt . She also had a role in the 2011 film The Help .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9337893a761c59d49f47d1670262eeb8", "text": "Anna Kendrick Anna Cooke Kendrick ( born August 9 , 1985 ) is an American actress and singer . She began her career as a child actor in theater productions . Her first prominent role was in the 1998 Broadway musical High Society , which earned her a Tony Award nomination for Best Featured Actress in a Musical . She made her film debut in the musical comedy Camp ( 2003 ) . Kendrick rose to prominence for her supporting role in The Twilight Saga ( 2008 -- 12 ) , the film franchise based on Stephenie Meyer 's book series . She received an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress for her performance in Up in the Air ( 2009 ) . She achieved further fame for playing the protagonist in the 2012 musical comedy Pitch Perfect and the 2015 sequel , Pitch Perfect 2 . Kendrick has also featured in the comedy-drama 50/50 ( 2011 ) , the crime-drama End of Watch ( 2012 ) , the musical-fantasy Into the Woods ( 2014 ) , and the adult comedy Mike and Dave Need Wedding Dates ( 2016 ) . In 2016 , Kendrick published her memoir , Scrappy Little Nobody .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5e62c5c521346736694e90ca2354e9c", "text": "Shelley Regner Shelley Anne Regner ( born December 21 , 1988 ) is an American actress and singer known for her role as Ashley in the musical films Pitch Perfect ( 2012 ) and its sequel Pitch Perfect 2 ( 2015 ) . She will be returning for the third installment , Pitch Perfect 3 ( 2017 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "65b2944eef7c113704188b86a5788ced", "text": "John Michael Higgins John Michael Higgins ( born February 12 , 1963 ) is an American actor and voice actor whose film credits include Christopher Guest 's mockumentaries , the role of David Letterman in HBO 's The Late Shift , and a starring role in the American version of Kath & Kim . He portrayed Peter Lovett in the TV Land original sitcom Happily Divorced , and provided the voice of Iknik Blackstone Varrick in The Legend of Korra . He currently stars in the NBC sitcom Great News as Chuck Pierce .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e5ad0adae9e567d1c70978ef6c8f5e26", "text": "Brittany Snow Brittany Anne Snow ( born March 9 , 1986 ) is an American actress , producer , and singer . Snow began her career as Susan `` Daisy '' Lemay on the CBS series Guiding Light ( 1998 -- 2002 ) for which she won a Young Artist Award for Best Young Actress and was nominated for two other Young Artist Awards and a Soap Opera Digest Award . She then played the protagonist Meg Pryor on the NBC series American Dreams ( 2002 -- 05 ) for which she was nominated for a Young Artist Award and three Teen Choice Awards . Her subsequent television roles have included Ariel Alderman on Nip/Tuck ( 2005 ) and Jenna Backstrom on Harry 's Law ( 2011 ) . Her film roles include Kate Spencer in John Tucker Must Die ( 2006 ) , Amber Von Tussle in Hairspray ( 2007 ) , Donna Keppel in Prom Night ( 2008 ) , Emma Gainsborough in The Vicious Kind ( 2009 ) and Chloe Beale in Pitch Perfect ( 2012 ) and Pitch Perfect 2 ( 2015 ) . Snow is also the co-creator of the Love is Louder movement , a project dedicated to stop bullying in schools .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "947f2e8c927e3a90a393817240d38b83", "text": "Rebel Wilson Rebel Melanie Elizabeth Wilson ( born Melanie Elizabeth Bownds ; 2 March 1980 ) is an Australian actress , writer , and producer . After graduating from the Australian Theatre for Young People in 2003 , she began appearing as Toula on the Special Broadcasting Service ( SBS ) comedy series Pizza and the sketch comedy series The Wedge . In 2008 , Wilson wrote , produced and starred in the musical comedy series Bogan Pride . The following year , she won the Tropfest best actress award for her role in Bargain and made a guest appearance in City Homicide . Shortly after moving to the United States , Wilson was cast as Brynn in the feature film Bridesmaids . Wilson also appeared in A Few Best Men , What to Expect When You 're Expecting and Struck by Lightning , leading Variety to name her one of their `` Top Ten Comics to Watch for 2011 '' . She also appeared as Becky in Bachelorette and starred in the musical films Pitch Perfect and Pitch Perfect 2 as Fat Amy , a role that earned her several award nominations and wins including the MTV Best Breakthrough Performance Award and a Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Actress . She then created and starred in Super Fun Night , a television comedy that aired for one season on the American Broadcasting Company ( ABC ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9f4fcff3f63bc1c52a281ce538f3d658", "text": "Pitch Perfect 3 Pitch Perfect 3 is an upcoming American musical comedy film directed by Trish Sie and written by Kay Cannon , Mike White , and Dana Fox . A sequel to 2015 's Pitch Perfect 2 and the third installment in the Pitch Perfect series , the film will star Anna Kendrick , Anna Camp , Rebel Wilson , Brittany Snow , Hailee Steinfeld , Alexis Knapp , Ester Dean , Hana Mae Lee , Chrissie Fit , Kelley Jakle , and Shelley Regner as the Bellas and Elizabeth Banks and John Michael Higgins . The film is scheduled to be released on December 22 , 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "368fca0e6fe3b0ae0bcd706502b72b54", "text": "Elizabeth Banks Elizabeth Irene Banks ( née Mitchell ; February 10 , 1974 ) is an American actress , director , and producer . Banks made her film debut in the low-budget independent film Surrender Dorothy ( 1998 ) , and is known for her roles in such films as Wet Hot American Summer ( 2001 ) , Sam Raimi 's Spider-Man trilogy ( 2002 -- 2007 ) , Seabiscuit ( 2003 ) , The 40-Year-Old Virgin ( 2005 ) , Zack and Miri Make a Porno ( 2008 ) , Role Models ( 2008 ) , The Next Three Days ( 2010 ) , Pitch Perfect ( 2012 ) , The Lego Movie ( 2014 ) , and The Hunger Games film series ( 2012 -- 2015 ) . In 2014 , she portrayed Melinda Ledbetter , the girlfriend and later wife of the Beach Boys co-founder Brian Wilson , in Bill Pohlad 's film Love & Mercy and made her directorial debut with Pitch Perfect 2 , whose $ 69M opening weekend gross set a record for a first-time director . On television , Banks had a recurring role as Avery Jessup on the NBC sitcom 30 Rock , which garnered her two Primetime Emmy Award nominations . She also had recurring roles on the comedy series Scrubs and Modern Family , the latter of which earned her a Primetime Emmy Award nomination . In 2015 , she reprised her role as Lindsay in Wet Hot American Summer for the Netflix miniseries Wet Hot American Summer : First Day of Camp . , Box Office Mojo ranked Banks as the 32nd-highest grossing actor of all time , and the sixth-highest grossing female actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "94183b07d441690d1c53c0a2775606a2", "text": "Hailee Steinfeld Hailee Steinfeld ( born December 11 , 1996 ) is an American actress , model and singer . She first became known for her portrayal of Mattie Ross in True Grit ( 2010 ) , for which she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress , the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Supporting Role , and the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role . Thereafter , she appeared as Petra Arkanian in Ender 's Game ( 2013 ) , Juliet Capulet in Romeo & Juliet ( 2013 ) , Violet Mulligan in Begin Again ( 2013 ) , Zooey Renner in 3 Days to Kill ( 2014 ) , and Nadine Franklin in The Edge of Seventeen ( 2016 ) , for which she received a Golden Globe Award nomination . After singing `` Flashlight '' in Pitch Perfect 2 ( 2015 ) , Steinfeld released a cover version of the song and was later signed to Republic Records . She released her debut single , `` Love Myself '' , which has been certified platinum in several countries , and later an extended play , Haiz . In 2016 , she released `` Starving '' , a collaboration with both Grey and Zedd , which peaked at number 12 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 . In addition to her acting and singing careers , Steinfeld also has done modeling work ; she was hired as the face of Miu Miu in 2011 , shortly after True Grit was released .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "61ccfcaf573d53fc28b69e876487b196", "text": "Alexis Knapp Alexis Merizalde Knapp ( born July 31 , 1989 ) is an American actress and singer . She is known for her role as Stacie Conrad in the musical films Pitch Perfect ( 2012 ) and Pitch Perfect 2 ( 2015 ) . She is also known for her role of Alexis in the party film Project X ( 2012 ) , and her role on the first season of the TBS comedy Ground Floor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "afa05d3bd29e2af3917c8a61c50788e2", "text": "Hana Mae Lee Hana Mae Lee ( born September 28 , 1988 ) is an American actress , model , comedian , and fashion designer . She is best known for playing Lilly Okanakurama in the 2012 film Pitch Perfect and its sequel Pitch Perfect 2 ( 2015 ) . She also owns her own fashion line titled Hanamahn .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9a97278d0ecd81c39afb933f85ef0fbe", "text": "Kelley Jakle Kelley Alice Jakle ( born June 27 , 1989 ) is an American actress and singer-songwriter . She is best known for her role as Jessica in Pitch Perfect ( 2012 ) and its sequel Pitch Perfect 2 ( 2015 ) . She is also known for her appearances on the first and second seasons of The Sing-Off in 2009 and 2010 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5daf0f570e8476742d2b628163d0532c", "text": "Ester Dean Esther Renay Dean ( born April 15 , 1982 ) , known professionally as Ester Dean , is an American singer , songwriter , record producer , and actress . Her 2009 single `` Drop It Low '' featured singer Chris Brown . Dean has also co-written songs for many artists including Christina Aguilera , Katy Perry , Beyoncé , Nicole Scherzinger , Priyanka Chopra , Mary J. Blige , Nicki Minaj , Kelly Clarkson , Ciara , The Pussycat Dolls , Usher , Kelly Rowland , Girlicious , Keri Hilson , Rihanna , R. Kelly , Britney Spears , Melody Thornton , Vanessa White , Kevin McHale , Selena Gomez , G.R.L. , Soulja Boy Tell 'Em , Little Mix , Pia Toscano , Tinie Tempah , Lil Wayne , Machine Gun Kelly and Eurovision Song Contest 2012 winner Loreen . In 2011 , Dean contributed to the soundtrack for the animated film , Rio by Blue Sky Studios . At the 54th Annual Grammy Awards , Dean was nominated for Album of the Year as a producer on Rihanna 's album Loud . In 2012 , she voiced two of the characters in the fourth film in the Ice Age franchise , Ice Age : Continental Drift , and also wrote a song for the movie , entitled `` We Are ( Family ) '' . Dean made her acting debut in the film Pitch Perfect ( 2012 ) as Cynthia-Rose Adams , a role she reprised for the sequel , Pitch Perfect 2 ( 2015 ) .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "0beffdcb80a301a05d58e5588fa0397b", "text": "Shake It Up (season 3) The third and final season of Shake It Up premiered on Disney Channel on October 14 , 2012 . Bella Thorne , Zendaya , and Davis Cleveland appeared in every episode . Adam Irigoyen was absent for four episodes , Roshon Fegan was absent for five , and Caroline Sunshine was absent for nine . Kenton Duty is not a main cast member in this season and has been removed from the opening credits . This is the final season of the series , with the series finale airing on November 10 , 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "be550792cc6f492a24f6d7f1d2ba498c", "text": "Friday Night Lights (season 3) The third season of the American serial drama television series Friday Night Lights began airing in the United States and Canada on October 1 , 2008 . It was the first season to be aired on DirecTV 's The 101 Network . The 13-episode season concluded on The 101 Network on January 14 , 2009 and then began its run on NBC two nights later , on January 16 , 2009 , and concluded its NBC run on April 10 , 2009 . The show was renewed for two more seasons in March 2009 , with both seasons airing in the same format as season 3 , containing 13 episodes each . The third season was released on DVD in region 1 on May 19 , 2009 . The season continues to focus around the Dillon Panthers and the pressures faced on and off the field . This season also has four main characters leave the show by season 's end .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "58e38303422a517f6b13e64c3c417c92", "text": "Chris Phillips (voice actor) Chris Phillips ( born February 26 , 1958 ) is an American voice actor , songwriter , singer , and producer . He is known for his roles in Rockstar games such as Marty Chonks and El Burro in Grand Theft Auto III and his role as Alex Balder , Mercenary and Killer Suit in Max Payne . He is also well known for his roles in Atari games Such as Nolaloth , Thunderbelly , Lorne Starling , Koraboros and Prison Leader in Neverwinter Nights 2 and Crowley in Alone in the Dark .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aeb452563dded7f060d1287373f5ac3c", "text": "Persona 3 The Movie: No. 1, Spring of Birth is a 2013 Japanese animated film and the first installment in a film series based on the Shin Megami Tensei : Persona 3 video game by Atlus . Directed by Noriaki Akitaya and written by Jun Kumagai , it is based on the original story by Atlus and distributed by Aniplex . It stars voice actors Akira Ishida , Megumi Toyoguchi , Kōsuke Toriumi , Rie Tanaka , Hikaru Midorikawa and Mamiko Noto . Set in 2009 , the film follows the exploits of transfer student Makoto Yuki who , upon moving to Iwatodai City , discovers the Shadow creatures which feed on human psyche during the Dark Hour midnight phenomenon . After awakening to an ability called Persona , Yuki finds himself intertwined in the battle against the Shadows with his new schoolmates . Development of the film was first announced in a teaser trailer during the limited theatrical release of Persona 4 The Animation : The Factor of Hope on June 9 , 2012 . Aniplex later announced a Fall 2013 release date and that the main voice acting cast of the original PlayStation 2 game would reprise their roles in the film . The committee that was involved in Persona 4 : The Animation was selected for the film and included music composer Shoji Meguro and supervisor Seiji Kishi , both veterans in works of the Megami Tensei franchise . The film was animated by AIC ASTA . The characterization of Makoto Yuki was noted as being particularly difficult during production due to his concept in the original game . A promotional campaign was launched by Aniplex which also included the release of trailers and merchandise by making use of various mechanisms of the Persona 3 game as they applied to the real world . The film premiered at Tokyo 's Shinjuku Wald 9 cinema on November 16 , 2013 followed by its release across Japan on November 23 , 2013 . It made a gross earning of over US$ 1.9 million at the end of 2013 . Critics praised the animation techniques used in the film with focus on its dark visual style . However it was described as being a simple and straightforward movie which lacked a suitable sense of closure . The film was released in Japan on Blu-ray and DVD editions on May 14 , 2014 , and internationally on imported editions on May 20 , 2014 . A sequel titled Persona 3 The Movie : # 2 Midsummer Knight 's Dream was released on June 7 , 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ec883076d2831ff5369b7687f5071b61", "text": "List of frequent Tim Burton collaborators Tim Burton ( born August 25 , 1958 ) is an American film director , film producer , writer and artist who often works with certain actors and crew members in multiple feature film directing projects . The actors who collaborated with Burton the most frequently are Johnny Depp , Helena Bonham Carter and Christopher Lee , who all appeared in eight , seven and six films , respectively . Film composer Danny Elfman composed the music for all of Burton 's feature films with the exception of Ed Wood ( 1994 ) , Sweeney Todd : The Demon Barber of Fleet Street ( 2007 ) and Miss Peregrine 's Home for Peculiar Children ( 2016 ) . He also composed the music for The Nightmare Before Christmas ( 1993 ) , a stop-motion animated film Burton co-wrote and produced . Other actors that Burton has worked with include Danny DeVito , Conchata Ferrell , Albert Finney , Carmen Filpi , Michael Gough , Eva Green , Pat Hingle , Jan Hooks , Rance Howard , Jeffrey Jones , O-Lan Jones , Michael Keaton , Martin Landau , Lisa Marie , Catherine O'Hara , Michelle Pfeiffer , Missi Pyle , Paul Reubens , Alan Rickman , Deep Roy , Winona Ryder , Diane Salinger , Glenn Shadix , Martin Short , Timothy Spall , Sylvia Sidney , Christopher Walken , Frank Welker , Terence Stamp and Paul Whitehouse . Catherine O'Hara , Paul Reubens , and Glenn Shadix also starred in The Nightmare Before Christmas . Actor Jason Hervey appeared in the short film Frankenweenie ( 1984 ) , before appearing in Burton 's feature film directing debut Pee-wee 's Big Adventure ( 1985 ) . Actor Vincent Price worked with Burton on three projects , hosting the television film Hansel and Gretel ( 1982 ) , narrating the short film Vincent ( 1982 ) and appearing in the feature film Edward Scissorhands ( 1990 ) . Actresses Ada and Arlene Tai worked with Burton as extras in Ed Wood before going on to be cast in Big Fish ( 2003 ) . In addition to starring in Beetlejuice , Edward Scissorhands and Frankenweenie , Winona Ryder appeared in the Burton-directed music video for The Killers ' `` Here with Me '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "67aa8dca383d22dd675af8bc91ea3fb1", "text": "This Perfect World This Perfect World is the third album by singer-songwriter Freedy Johnston . It was released in 1994 on Elektra Records . It is an album steeped in regret and loss . The narrator of `` Across the Avenue '' is unable to get past the memory of seeing his lover killed in a pedestrian accident . In `` Two Lovers Stop , '' a young couple commit suicide rather than let themselves be ripped away from each other . The title track concerns a dying old man returning to apologize to his estranged daughter for unspecified past misdeeds . Among the other songs , `` Evie 's Tears '' apparently refers to sexual abuse ( evidently by a priest ) , and `` Dolores '' is based on Nabokov 's Lolita . Despite the preponderance of dark subject matter , the album has a jaunty feel as Johnston demonstrates an ability to craft winning pop melodies . Reviews of the album were overflowing with praise , although those same reviewers also generally felt that it did n't quite measure up to his previous album , 1992 's Can You Fly . This Perfect World was produced by Butch Vig , who also played on the album 's minor hit , `` Bad Reputation . '' Other notable contributors include cellist Jane Scarpantoni , who performed on two tracks , and Marshall Crenshaw .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "094e60375715ae43e892b5d04dffbebb", "text": "Perfect crime Perfect crime is a colloquial term used in law and fiction ( especially crime fiction ) to characterize crimes that are undetected , unattributed to a perpetrator , or else unsolved as a kind of technical achievement on the part of the perpetrator . In certain contexts , the concept of perfect crime is limited to just undetected crimes ; if an event is ever identified as a crime , some investigators say it can not be called `` perfect '' . A perfect crime should be distinguished from one that has merely not been solved yet or where everyday chance or procedural matters frustrate a conviction . There is an element that the crime is ( or appears likely to be ) unable to be solved .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8aaada9449590f483100d2026db745cf", "text": "Jon Paul Piques Jon Paul Piques ( born June 30 , 1986 ) is a Canadian actor , director and internet celebrity . He has over 3 billion in views and over 11 million combined followers . As of May 2016 , he is ranked in the top 10 content creators on Facebook . Previously , Jon Paul Piques , was a pro-soccer player .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7aea547d5519a4753b43e17cb87fe3c5", "text": "Perfect Sense Perfect Sense , formerly known as The Last Word , is a 2011 science fiction drama film directed by David Mackenzie and written by Kim Fupz Aakeson , starring Eva Green and Ewan McGregor . Scenes were shot in various locations around Glasgow , Mexico City and Kenya . The film premiered at the 2011 Sundance Film Festival .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1c2c996a0a0546bbae2bda7246b647a5", "text": "When You Wish Upon a Weinstein `` When You Wish Upon a Weinstein '' is the twenty-second episode of Family Guys third season , and the original series finale . It originally aired on Cartoon Network 's Adult Swim on November 9 , 2003 , and on Fox on December 10 , 2004 . In the episode , Peter prays for a Jew to help him with his financial woes . After befriending a Jewish accountant , Max Weinstein , and discovering the wonders of their religion , Peter gets the idea of converting Chris to Judaism so he will be successful in life . Lois attempts to stop him , believing that success is not based on religion . `` When You Wish Upon a Weinstein '' was written by Ricky Blitt and directed by Dan Povenmire . The episode was intended to air in 2000 as the beginning of the third season way after production was made years ago , but Fox executives were concerned about its content , believing it could be interpreted as anti-Semitic , and did not allow it to air on television . Due to popular demand , it was instead aired on Adult Swim in 2003 . This episode features guest performances from Andrea Beutener , Mark Hamill , Phil LaMarr , Ed McMahon , Peter Riegert , Mary Scheer , Ben Stein , and Nicole Sullivan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "00a47f45a8903ab372e4f8938ed1c815", "text": "List of accolades received by BioShock Infinite BioShock Infinite is a first-person shooter video game developed by Irrational Games and published by 2K Games . Players assume control of Booker DeWitt ( Troy Baker ) , who is sent to rescue Elizabeth ( Courtnee Draper ) from her captivity on the floating air city of Columbia . The game 's development was led by creative director Ken Levine . The game was officially announced on August 12 , 2010 , and was widely anticipated . At the Spike Video Game Awards , it was nominated Most Anticipated Game three times . Following its previews at the Electronic Entertainment Expo , the game won numerous awards , including Best of Show from several gaming publications . It was released worldwide on March 26 , 2013 for Microsoft Windows , PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 . Review aggregator Metacritic assigned the game a normalized score of 94 out of 100 , indicating `` universal acclaim '' , based on 27 and 68 reviews for the Windows and PlayStation 3 versions , respectively ; the Xbox 360 version received 93 out of 100 based on 33 reviews . Within four months of its release , BioShock Infinite sold approximately four million copies , and eleven million by June 2015 . BioShock Infinite garnered awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for its music , story , visual design , characters , and the acting of its cast . At the 17th Annual DICE Awards , the game received six nominations and went on to win two awards : Action Game of the Year , and Outstanding Achievement in Original Music Composition . The game earned four nominations at the 10th British Academy Video Games Awards , winning Original Music . At IGN 's Best of 2013 , the game garnered twenty nominations and went on to win nine awards , including Best Overall Shooter Game and Best Overall Graphics for Art Design . At the 14th Annual Game Developers Choice Awards , BioShock Infinite won Best Audio and Best Visual Art . The game received nine nominations at the Spike VGX , winning Best Shooter , Best Song in a Game and Character of the Year . At the National Academy of Video Game Trade Reviewers Awards , the game received eleven nominations , with Courtnee Draper winning Supporting Performance in a Drama . The game appeared on several year-end lists of the best games of 2013 , receiving Game of the Year wins from the Associated Press , CNN , Electronic Gaming Monthly , Entertainment Weekly , Forbes , and Games .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d5ddf4add7a1d95ca2648fe142498903", "text": "P.N.03 P.N. 03 , short for Product Number Zero Three , is a 2003 third-person shooter video game developed and published by Capcom for the Nintendo GameCube . Set in a science-fictional space colony compound , the game stars Vanessa Z. Schneider , a mercenary controlled by the player to combat berserk robots . The game was directed by Shinji Mikami as part of the Capcom Five . To avoid similarities with Devil May Cry and Resident Evil , the P.N. 03 team emphasized defensive and rhythmic maneuvers and a `` delicate '' , `` feminine '' game world . P.N. 03 was developed on a tight schedule in an attempt to offset Capcom 's poor fiscal year . However , the game received mixed reviews and failed commercially . Several critics found the game repetitive and unintuitive . They were divided on its gameplay mechanics : some disliked its controls -- specifically the inability to move and shoot simultaneously -- while others compared it favorably to golden age arcade games . Mikami repurposed ideas from P.N. 03 in his 2010 game Vanquish .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4171f828f5ac50b9648f97e86709ba9e", "text": "Fever Pitch (1997 film) Fever Pitch is a 1997 film starring Colin Firth , based loosely on Nick Hornby 's best-selling memoir , Fever Pitch : A Fan 's Life ( 1992 ) . Hornby also wrote the screenplay .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "791498973c3dd7a7fc753148a574c25f", "text": "Uncaught third strike In baseball and softball , an uncaught third strike ( sometimes referred to as dropped third strike ) occurs when the catcher fails to cleanly catch a pitch for the third strike . In Major League Baseball , the specific rules concerning the uncaught third strike are addressed in Rules 5.05 and 5.09 of the Official Baseball Rules . On an uncaught third strike with no runner on first base or with two outs , the batter immediately becomes a runner . The strike is called , but the umpire does not call the batter out . The umpire may also signal that there is `` no catch '' of the pitch . The batter may then attempt to reach first base and must be tagged or forced out . With two outs and the bases loaded , the catcher who fails to catch the third strike may , upon picking up the ball , step on home plate for a force-out or make a throw to any other base in an effort to force out a runner . The purpose of the `` no runner on first base or two outs '' qualification is to prevent the catcher from deliberately dropping a third strike pitch and then initiating an unfair double or triple play with possible force plays at second base , third base , or home plate , in addition to putting the batter out at first base . The logic of the situation is similar to that which led to the infield fly rule . Regardless of the outcome of an uncaught third strike , the pitcher is statistically credited with a strikeout . Because of the uncaught third strike rule , it is possible for a pitcher to register more than three strikeouts in an inning . In Little League , in the Tee-Ball and Minor League divisions , the batter is out after the third strike regardless of whether the pitched ball is caught cleanly by the catcher . In Little League ( or the Major Division ) , Junior , Senior , and Big League divisions , a batter may attempt to advance to first base on an uncaught third strike . Little League Major Division Softball and many other youth baseball leagues ( such as the USSSA ) also follow the rule .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b24b0397372167b1f1a46ea5efda11fa", "text": "Nip/Tuck (season 3) The third season of Nip/Tuck '' premiered on September 20 , 2005 and concluded on December 20 , 2005 . It consisted of 15 episodes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "62f7ed2429badbffbefe64ac65fcf4cf", "text": "Patricia Arquette Patricia Arquette ( born April 8 , 1968 ) is an American actress . She made her film debut in A Nightmare on Elm Street 3 : Dream Warriors ( 1987 ) at the age of eighteen . Her notable films include Tony Scott 's True Romance ( 1993 ) , Tim Burton 's Ed Wood ( 1994 ) , David O. Russell 's Flirting with Disaster ( 1996 ) , David Lynch 's Lost Highway ( 1997 ) , Stephen Frears 's The Hi-Lo Country ( 1998 ) , Martin Scorsese 's Bringing Out the Dead ( 1999 ) , and Andrew Davis 's Holes ( 2003 ) . For her performance in Richard Linklater 's Boyhood ( 2014 ) , which was filmed from 2002 until 2014 , she received widespread critical praise and won the Academy Award , BAFTA Award , Critics ' Choice Award , Golden Globe Award , Independent Spirit Award , and SAG Award for Best Supporting Actress . Arquette 's Academy Award acceptance speech , which she used to bring female wage inequality to attention , received widespread news coverage . On television , she played the character Allison DuBois -- based on the author and medium Allison DuBois , who claims to have psychic abilities -- in the supernatural drama series Medium ( 2005 -- 11 ) . She received three Golden Globe nominations and two Emmy Award nominations , winning the Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama in 2005 . Arquette also appeared in the CSI franchise as Avery Ryan , the Deputy Director of the FBI , starring in CSI : Cyber ( 2015 -- 16 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6e95012b098ec244c8196dd606581d00", "text": "Ola Rapace Ola Rapace ( -LSB- ˈuːla raˈpasː -RSB- ; né Pär Ola Norell ; born 3 December 1971 ) is a Swedish actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5f1e38d372ead80b16aac5e168496b21", "text": "Nobody's Perfect (1990 film) Nobody 's Perfect is a 1990 American comedy film directed by Robert Kaylor and starring Chad Lowe and Gail O'Grady .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8ef473a228c565b49c3e16ccd1e0a299", "text": "Trevor Wright Trevor Christopher Wright ( born August 23 , 1980 in San Diego , California ) is an American actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a28b8f2059ead97d1ff281f84a452e02", "text": "Shameless (season 3) The third season of Shameless , an American comedy-drama television series based on the award-winning British series of the same name by Paul Abbott , premiered on January 13 , 2013 , at Sunday 9:00 p.m. EST on the Showtime television network . Executive producers are John Wells , Paul Abbott and Andrew Stearn , with producer Michael Hissrich . The season concluded after 12 episodes on April 7 , 2013 . The shows season premiere brought in 2.00 million viewers , becoming the show highest rated episode ever to-date . The episode airing February 17 , `` The Sins of My Caretaker '' , received 1.31 million total viewers , its lowest rated episode of the season . The season finale scored 1.82 million viewers .", "title": "" } ]	fever
5b073b8c00230dd5810c59f34d8ceee3	Tanzania has formal relations with Malawi.	[ { "docid": "24c9acb4a537166513a365c39ac10a61", "text": "Tanzania Tanzania -LSB- ˌtænzəˈniːə -RSB- , officially the United Republic of Tanzania ( Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania ) , is a country in Eastern Africa within the African Great Lakes region . Parts of the country are in Southern Africa . It is bordered by Kenya and Uganda to the north ; Rwanda , Burundi , and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west ; Zambia , Malawi , and Mozambique to the south ; and by the Indian Ocean to the east . Mount Kilimanjaro , Africa 's highest mountain , is in northeastern Tanzania . Tanzania 's population of 51.82 million ( 2014 ) is diverse , composed of several ethnic , linguistic , and religious groups . Tanzania is a presidential constitutional republic , and since 1996 , its official capital city has been Dodoma , where the President 's Office , the National Assembly , and some government ministries are located . Dar es Salaam , the former capital , retains most government offices and is the country 's largest city , principal port , and leading commercial centre . Tanzania is a one party dominant state with the socialist-progressive Chama Cha Mapinduzi ( CCM ) party in power . From its formation until 1992 , it was the only legally permitted party in the country . This changed on 1 July 1992 , when amendments to the Constitution and a number of laws permitting and regulating the formation and operations of more than one political party were enacted by the National Assembly . Elections for president and all National Assembly seats were last held in October 2015 . The CCM holds approximately 75 % of the seats in the assembly . Prehistoric population migrations include Southern Cushitic speakers , who are ancestral to the Iraqw , Gorowa , and Burunge and who moved south from Ethiopia into Tanzania . Based on linguistic evidence , there may also have been two movements into Tanzania of Eastern Cushitic people at about 4,000 and 2,000 years ago , originating from north of Lake Turkana . Archaeological evidence supports the conclusion that Southern Nilotes , including the Datoog , moved south from the present-day South Sudan-Ethiopia border region into central northern Tanzania between 2,900 and 2,400 years ago . These movements took place at about the same time as the settlement of the iron-making Mashariki Bantu from West Africa in the Lake Victoria and Lake Tanganyika areas . They brought with them the west African planting tradition and the primary staple of yams . They subsequently migrated out of these regions across the rest of Tanzania , between 2,300 and 1,700 years ago . European colonialism began in mainland Tanzania during the late 19th century when Germany formed German East Africa , which gave way to British rule following World War I . The mainland was governed as Tanganyika , with the Zanzibar Archipelago remaining a separate colonial jurisdiction . Following their respective independence in 1961 and 1963 , the two entities merged in April 1964 to form the United Republic of Tanzania . Tanzania is mountainous and densely forested in the northeast , where Mount Kilimanjaro is located . Three of Africa 's Great Lakes are partly within Tanzania . To the north and west lie Lake Victoria , Africa 's largest lake , and Lake Tanganyika , the continent 's deepest lake , known for its unique species of fish . The eastern shore is hot and humid , with the Zanzibar Archipelago just offshore . The Kalambo water falls in the southwestern region of Rukwa are the second highest uninterrupted fall in Africa and are located near the southeastern shore of Lake Tanganyika on the border with Zambia . The Menai Bay Conservation Area is Zanzibar 's largest marine protected area . Over 100 different languages are spoken in Tanzania , making it the most linguistically diverse country in East Africa . Among the languages spoken in Tanzania are all four of Africa 's language families : Bantu , Cushitic , Nilotic , and Khoisan . Swahili and English are Tanzania 's official languages . A highly multilingual country , Swahili is used in parliamentary debate , in the lower courts , and as a medium of instruction in primary school ; and English is used in foreign trade , in diplomacy , in higher courts , and as a medium of instruction in secondary and higher education , although the Tanzanian government plans to discontinue English as a language of instruction altogether . In connection with his Ujamaa social policies , President Nyerere encouraged the use of Swahili ; as a means of unifying the country 's many ethnic groups . Approximately 10 % of Tanzanians speak Swahili as a first language , and up to 90 % speak it as a second language . Most Tanzanians thus speak both Swahili and a local language ; many educated Tanzanians are trilingual ; also speaking English . The widespread use and promotion of Swahili is contributing to the decline of smaller languages in the country . Young children increasingly speak Swahili as a first language , mostly in urban areas . Tanzania-Malawi relations have been tense because of a dispute over the countries ' Lake Nyasa ( Lake Malawi ) border . An unsuccessful mediation regarding this issue happened in March 2014 . The two countries agreed in 2013 to ask the International Court of Justice ( ICJ ) to resolve the dispute should mediation be unsuccessful . Malawi , but not Tanzania , has accepted the compulsory jurisdiction of the ICJ .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "75ee0a365080d31cf1c3ed45725bfa6e", "text": "Malawi–Tanzania relations Malawi and Tanzania have formal relations . The two countries have a dispute over their border in Lake Malawi .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "4b582f45de91658d78c06061fe68bf41", "text": "Nyasa people The Nyasa are a people of southeastern Africa , concentrated mainly in Malawi , southwestern Tanzania and parts of northern Mozambique . The people are also known as the Kimanda , Kinyasa and Manda . Significant populations of Nyasa live along the shores of northeastern Lake Malawi . Many Nyanja people of Malawi refers to themselves as Nyasa ; as of 2010 roughly 500,000 claim to be Nyasa people .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ba7c798bca12fcbd5dff4af499b24521", "text": "BAMUTA Baraza la Muziki la Taifa ( BAMUTA ; Swahili for `` National Music Council '' ) was a national council created in 1974 by the government of the newly independent Tanzania . Its purpose was to regulate the music business in the country , in the context of a wider programme intended to create a solidified national identity . This , in turn , was a crucial element in Ujamaa , President Julius Nyerere 's version of african socialism . Similar institutions were founded to rule over other aspects of the nation 's culture , including the nationwide adoption of Swahili language ( promoted by Baraza la Kiswahili la Taifa ) and the development of Tanzanian art ( Baraza la Sanaa la Taifa ) ( BASATA ) . The overall idea was to build a new popular culture for the workers and peasants of the country , free from the heritage of colonialism and bourgeoisie culture . BAMUTA was responsible for the establishment of national music policies , which sought to control musical imports and issued disco and club licenses . BAMUTA called for strict government planning as well as control over the popular music in Tanzania . For example , import of foreign music was generally banned with the exception of music from Zaire . Under such restriction , and due to government promotion of musical creativity , many bands formed and new African music styles emerged , most notably in the muziki wa dansi ( dance music ) business . In 1984 , BAMUTA was merged into BASATA .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6293963b1f4054fd58eb35ed4347d39f", "text": "Zomba, Malawi Zomba is a city in southern Malawi , in the Shire Highlands . It is the administrative capital of Zomba District . It was the capital of first British Central Africa and then Nyasaland before the establishment of the Republic of Malawi in 1964 . It was also the first capital of Malawi and remained so until 1974 , when Lilongwe became the capital . The Parliament remained even longer , until 1994 in Zomba . The city is best known for its British colonial architecture and its location at the base of the dramatic Zomba Plateau . Zomba is also the home of Chancellor College of the University of Malawi .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0f080e4ef7d3f87dfafa68c0bdd2e464", "text": "Malawi (Commonwealth realm) Malawi was a predecessor to the modern-day Republic of Malawi . It existed between 1964 and 1966 . When British rule ended in 1964 , by the Malawi Independence Act 1964 , the Nyasaland Protectorate , formerly a constituent of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland , became an independent Commonwealth realm . The British monarch was head of state . Malawi shared the sovereign , Queen Elizabeth II , with the other Commonwealth realms . The monarch 's constitutional roles were mostly delegated to the Governor-General of Malawi , Sir Glyn Smallwood Jones ( 6 July 1964 -- 6 July 1966 ) . The royal succession was governed by the same rules as the succession to the British throne . Elizabeth II did not reside in or visit Malawi in the 1960s but she did visit in 1979 ( 22 -- 25 July ) as Head of the Commonwealth . Hastings Banda held office as prime minister ( and head of government ) of Malawi during this period . Following the abolition of the monarchy , the Republic of Malawi came into existence on 6 July 1966 and Banda became the first President of Malawi .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6faf21cf7dfb6678b31caf4c9c722cc0", "text": "White settlement in Zimbabwe before 1923 White people first came to the region in southern Africa today called Zimbabwe in the 16th century , when Portuguese colonials ventured inland from Mozambique and attacked the Kingdom of Mutapa , which then controlled an area roughly equivalent to eastern Zimbabwe and western Mozambique . Portuguese influence over Mutapa endured for about two centuries before fading away during the 1690s and early 1700s ( decade ) . During the 1880s and 1890s , the British South Africa Company initiated colonisation by whites , backed by a royal charter from Britain 's Queen Victoria : company rule over the country began in 1890 , when the Pioneer Column marched to Mashonaland , founded Fort Salisbury and settled in the area . The company domain was named `` Rhodesia '' after its founder , Cecil Rhodes , in 1895 ; the portion south of the Zambezi became officially called Southern Rhodesia in 1898 . Concurrently with the expiry of the company 's charter in 1923 , Southern Rhodesia was granted responsible government by Britain , and became a self-governing colony .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "858e93c0d04a6521eff3b87ca4b8a9b4", "text": "Zimbabwe Zimbabwe ( -LSB- zɪmˈbɑːbweɪ -RSB- ) , officially the Republic of Zimbabwe , is a landlocked country located in southern Africa , between the Zambezi and Limpopo Rivers . It is bordered by South Africa to the south , Botswana to the west and southwest , Zambia to the northwest , and Mozambique to the east and northeast . Although it does not border Namibia , less than 200 metres of the Zambezi River separates it from that country . The capital and largest city is Harare . A country of roughly 13 million people , Zimbabwe has 16 official languages , with English , Shona , and Ndebele the most commonly used . Since the 11th century , present-day Zimbabwe has been the site of several organised states and kingdoms as well as a major route for migration and trade . The British South Africa Company of Cecil Rhodes first demarcated the present territory during the 1890s ; it became the self-governing British colony of Southern Rhodesia in 1923 . In 1965 , the conservative white minority government unilaterally declared independence as Rhodesia . The state endured international isolation and a 15-year guerrilla war with black nationalist forces ; this culminated in a peace agreement that established universal enfranchisement and de jure sovereignty in April 1980 . Zimbabwe then rejoined the Commonwealth of Nations -- which it withdrew from in 2003 . It is a member of the United Nations , the Southern African Development Community ( SADC ) , the African Union ( AU ) , and the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa ( COMESA ) . Robert Mugabe became Prime Minister of Zimbabwe in 1980 , when his ZANU-PF party won the elections following the end of white minority rule ; he has been the president of Zimbabwe since 1987 . Under Mugabe 's authoritarian regime , the state security apparatus has dominated the country and been responsible for widespread human rights violations . Mugabe has maintained the revolutionary socialist rhetoric from the Cold War era , blaming Zimbabwe 's economic woes on conspiring Western capitalist countries , while still executing conservative policies . Burnished by his anti-imperialist credentials , contemporary African political leaders have been reluctant to criticise Mugabe , though Archbishop Desmond Tutu has called him `` a cartoon figure of an archetypal African dictator '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a948cf059eeadb7a6f982f48442ed386", "text": "Malawi–United Kingdom relations Malawi and United Kingdom have formal diplomatic relations .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e57e5cdcecb6b7ed67637bbff362afc2", "text": "Mozambique Mozambique ( -LSB- moʊzæmˈbiːk -RSB- or -LSB- mɔːzæmˈbiːk -RSB- ) , officially the Republic of Mozambique ( Moçambique or República de Moçambique , -LSB- rɛˈpublikɐ dɨ musɐ̃ˈbikɨ -RSB- ) is a country in Southeast Africa bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east , Tanzania to the north , Malawi and Zambia to the northwest , Zimbabwe to the west , and Swaziland and South Africa to the southwest . It is separated from Madagascar by the Mozambique Channel to the east . The capital and largest city is Maputo ( known as `` Lourenço Marques '' before independence ) . Between the 1st and 5th centuries AD , Bantu-speaking peoples migrated from farther north and west . Swahili ( and later Arab ) commercial ports existed along the coasts until the arrival of Europeans . The area was explored by Vasco da Gama in 1498 and colonised by Portugal from 1505 . The country was an important place where Somali merchants enslaved the local population , starting what is now known as the Somali slave trade . After over four centuries of Portuguese rule , Mozambique gained independence in 1975 , becoming the People 's Republic of Mozambique shortly thereafter . After only two years of independence , the country descended into an intense and protracted civil war lasting from 1977 to 1992 . In 1994 , Mozambique held its first multiparty elections and has remained a relatively stable presidential republic . However , since 2013 , following more than 20 years of peace , a renewed insurgency by RENAMO has been occurring . Mozambique is one of the poorest and most underdeveloped countries in the world . Mozambique is endowed with rich and extensive natural resources . The country 's economy is based largely on agriculture , but industry is growing , mainly food and beverages , chemical manufacturing , and aluminium and petroleum production . The country 's tourism sector is also growing . South Africa is Mozambique 's main trading partner and source of foreign direct investment . Belgium , Brazil , Portugal , and Spain are also among the country 's most important economic partners . Since 2001 , Mozambique 's annual average GDP growth has been among the world 's highest . However , the country ranks among the lowest in GDP per capita , human development , measures of inequality , and average life expectancy . The only official language of Mozambique is Portuguese , which is spoken mostly as a second language by about half of the population . Common native languages include Makhuwa , Sena , and Swahili . The country 's population of around 24 million is composed overwhelmingly of Bantu people . The largest religion in Mozambique is Christianity , with significant minorities following Islam and African traditional religions . Mozambique is a member of the African Union , the Commonwealth of Nations , the Community of Portuguese Language Countries , the Latin Union , the Non-Aligned Movement , and the Southern African Development Community , and is an observer at La Francophonie .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "188be920bf9234e8c666830e8f7a2606", "text": "List of companies of Tanzania Tanzania is a large country in Eastern Africa within the African Great Lakes region . Parts of the country are in Southern Africa . It is bordered by Kenya and Uganda to the north ; Rwanda , Burundi , and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west ; Zambia , Malawi , and Mozambique to the south ; and by the Indian Ocean to the east . Kilimanjaro , Africa 's highest mountain , is in northeastern Tanzania . The country has the second largest economy in the East African Community and the twelfth largest in Africa . It is largely dependent on agriculture for employment , accounting for about half of the employed workforce . An estimated 34 percent of Tanzanians currently live in poverty . The economy has been transitioning from a command economy to a market economy since 1985 . Although total GDP has increased since these reforms began , GDP per capita dropped sharply at first , and only exceeded the pre-transition figure in around 2007 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "54388d561ae7951394d37308cd5f31c9", "text": "Foreign relations of Zimbabwe The foreign relations of Zimbabwe emphasize a close relationship with the People 's Republic of China and South Africa , nations with close economic ties to Zimbabwe .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3ac24336809337dc65f3e4d7bef38b17", "text": "Songwe Bridge Songwe Bridge is an international bridge across the Songwe River linking Malawi and Tanzania .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b224e5d641fadcc83917a9db338c19a9", "text": "Chama Cha Mapinduzi presidential primaries, 2015 The Chama Cha Mapinduzi ( CCM ) presidential primaries , 2015 took place in July 2015 to determine CCM 's nominee for the Presidency of Tanzania for the 2015 election . The Chama Cha Mapinduzi ( Party of the Revolution ) is the country 's dominant ruling party , and the longest reigning ruling party in Africa . Incumbent president and 2010 nominee Jakaya Kikwete is ineligible for re-election due to term limits . He is looking forward to his retirement , and has described the presidency as being both `` stressful and thankless '' . Kikwete , who also serves as the party 's National Chairman , said that he was not backing anyone as his preferred and chosen successor . More than forty candidates ( including 12 Cabinet Members ) collected the nomination forms . On 12 July , Minister of Works John Magufuli was selected as the party 's presidential nominee , and is most likely to win the presidential election .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "558fbc9a0f22bcfcbd7145e5b010f492", "text": "LGBT rights in Malawi Lesbian , gay , bisexual , and transgender ( LGBT ) persons in Malawi face legal challenges not experienced by non-LGBT residents . The Penal Code prohibits `` carnal knowledge against the order of nature '' , attempts to commit `` carnal knowledge against the order of nature '' , and acts of `` gross indecency '' . However , in November 2012 , President Joyce Banda suspended all laws that criminalized homosexuality . In July 2014 , the Justice Minister announced that Malawi would no longer arrest people for same-sex sexual activity and review its anti-gay laws . In late December 2009 , a trans woman , Tiwonge Chimbalanga , and a man , Steven Monjeza , were arrested after holding a traditional `` engagement '' party . On 18 May 2010 , they were found guilty of having committed `` unnatural offenses '' and `` indecent practices between males '' . On 29 May 2010 , then President Bingu wa Mutharika pardoned both individuals . On 17 April 2015 , The Marriage , Divorce and Family Relations Law came into force and banned all same-sex marriages and unions . While the law was praised for raising the minimum age of heterosexual marriages from 16 to 18 , it was at the same time condemned for the exclusion of homosexual couples and for its language stating that one 's gender is assigned at birth . The new law does not allow people who have undergone gender reassignment surgery to marry someone of that person 's prior gender and also draws comparisons of gay sex to rape and sexual harassment .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3901a009f8e7c408bcbca3d0d0063e10", "text": "Mulanje Mulanje ( formerly Mlanje ) is a town in the Southern Region , Malawi close to the border of Mozambique . It is near the Mulanje Massif . Mulanje is the headquarters of the conservation group , the Mulanje Mountain Conservation Trust . The small town of Mulanje is the center of the center of Malawi 's tea growing industry .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ed437e16d9b6655e0e27e269a39b3810", "text": "South Africa–Taiwan relations South Africa -- Taiwan relations refers to the current and historical relationship between Taiwan and the Republic of South Africa . Taiwan and South Africa established diplomatic ties in 1949 . The ties lasted and grew throughout the apartheid-era in South Africa and officially ended in January 1998 when South African President Nelson Mandela recognized the People 's Republic of China . Despite the ending of diplomatic relations , Taiwan and South Africa continue to maintain trade relations . In the absence of formal diplomatic relations , the two countries now have `` Liaison Offices '' , which serve as de facto embassies . South Africa is now represented in Taipei by the Liaison Office of the Republic of South Africa . Similarly , Taiwan is represented by the Taipei Liaison Office in the Republic of South Africa in Pretoria . There is also a Taipei Liaison Office in Cape Town .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "772e9818bda5a402b6fb089789a6b733", "text": "Nyakyusa language Nyakyusa , or Nyakyusa-Ngonde , is a Bantu language of Tanzania and Malawi spoken by the Nyakyusa people around the northern end of Lake Malawi . There is no single name for the language as a whole ; dialects are Nyakyusa , Ngonde ( Konde ) , Kukwe , Mwamba ( Lungulu ) , and Selya ( Salya , Seria ) of Tanzania . Disregarding the Bantu language prefixes Iki - and Ki - , the language is also known as Konde ~ Nkhonde , Mombe , Nyekyosa ~ Nyikyusa , and Sochile ~ Sokili . Sukwa is often listed as another dialect , but according to Nurse ( 1988 ) and Fourshey ( 2002 ) it is a dialect of Lambya . In Malawi Nyakusa and Kyangonde are spoken in the northern part of Karonga District , on the shore of Lake Malawi close to the border with Tanzania , while Nkhonde is spoken the centre of the district , including in the town of Karonga . According to the Language Mapping Survey for Northern Malawi carried out by the Centre for Language Studies of the University of Malawi , `` Nyakyuska , though spoken by very few people , mainly at Iponga in Sub T / A Mwakawoko 's area , is regarded as the parent language from which Kyangonde and Chinkhonde originated . Kyangonde , on the other hand , is regarded as the most prestigious and standard language/dialect of the district . ... Chinkhonde is seen as a dialect of Kyangonde which has been heavily influenced by Citumbuka . '' The same Survey contains a folktale ( the Tortoise and the Hare ) in Chinkhonde and other languages of Northern Malawi , as well as some comparative vocabulary .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4cb0a54b67b8dfb59d6c2f8c358ad612", "text": "Sumbawanga Sumbawanga is a city located in western Tanzania . It is the capital of Rukwa Region . The regional population is approximately 150,000 based on a 2002 census . Sumbawanga lies in the territory of the Wafipa Fipa tribe and so many people speak Kifipa , as well as Kiswahili , the most widely used language of Tanzania . The name of the town literally translates as `` throw away your witchcraft '' , thought to be a warning from local spiritual `` healers '' to any bringing in superstitions and practices relating to spiritual healers from other areas ; there are still some healers who practice both in town and in the surrounding smaller villages on the plateau . The town has the largest hospital in the region , Rukwa General Hospital , which is government funded , as well as the smaller Dr. Atiman Hospital administrated and run by the Catholic Diocese of Sumbawanga . The town acts as a supply and commercial center for the Rukwa Region and some governmental agencies are to be found there , notably the transport department for the region . Sumbawanga has both Libori and Moravian conference centres . A modest-size market is in the town centre where local produce may be found . This includes maize , rice , fruit , poultry and fish ( from Lake Tanganyika and Lake Rukwa ) . Many imported plastic goods and electronics are available as well as bicycles and spares . Although there are several fuel outlets , supply can be quite erratic because of the difficulties of transport from the coast . The local economy is largely dependent on agriculture and small locally owned businesses . There is very limited industry or production in the town . Significant improvement could be expected if the road to Mbeya was sealed to enable reliable all-weather access year round . This road , and its continuation north to Mpanda and Tabora or Kigoma , can become impassable at the height of the wet season ( Feb-Mar ) . The Tanzanian government does have contracts in place for upgrading large sections of these roads . The town can be reached by flights operated by Auric Air or by bus from Mbeya which lies to the south with train links to the town of Kapiri Mposhi in Zambia , to Dar es Salaam . Rail is also available through Tabora from Mpanda in the north . Mpanda also has an airport with a 2km sealed runway . Sumbawanga has many schools and colleges , including Chem Chem Secondary School , Sumbawanga Secondary School , St. Aggrey Chanji High School , Mazwi Secondary School , St. Aggrey Teaching College , Musoma Utalii College , and Chem Chem Teaching College .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4b5d98bb17ba85a6e03d87548fb550c0", "text": "Minister of State for Environment The Minister of State for Environment is the head of the State Ministry in the Vice President 's Office for Environment of the Government of Tanzania .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "13fb137fc48cfbc531eb430823afcfca", "text": "High Commission of Tanzania, New Delhi The High Commission of the United Republic of Tanzania in New Delhi is the diplomatic mission of Tanzania in India .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f4c22c61f139fd6f80736589a9686d1a", "text": "White Tanzanians White Tanzanian is a term which can apply to people from Tanzania who are of European , White African 's or Arab descent and who do not regard themselves , or are not regarded as , being part of another racial group . 20,000 belong to different European groups . Arab-Tanzanians first arrived as a result of coastal trading , while small numbers of German government officials and missionaries arrived during the existence of German East Africa . Limited European immigration to Tanzania has also taken place .", "title": "" } ]	fever
93e3da9474d98e5caf4e3abc472e7b83	Haiti shares an island with a sovereign state, the Dominican Republic.	[ { "docid": "5a4257c520011341697d0fd5fdcdb08a", "text": "Haiti Haiti ( -LSB- ˈheɪti -RSB- Haïti -LSB- a.iti -RSB- Ayiti -LSB- ajiti -RSB- ) , officially the Republic of Haiti and formerly called Hayti , is a country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean Sea . It occupies the western three-eighths of the island , which it shares with the Dominican Republic . Haiti is 27750 km2 in size and has an estimated 10.6 million people , making it the most populous country in the Caribbean Community ( CARICOM ) and the second-most populous country in the Caribbean as a whole . The region was originally inhabited by the indigenous Taíno people . Spain discovered the island on 5 December 1492 during the first voyage of Christopher Columbus across the Atlantic . When Columbus initially landed in Haiti , he had thought he had found India or Asia . On Christmas Day 1492 , Columbus ' flagship the Santa Maria ran aground north of what is now Limonade . As a consequence , Columbus ordered his men to salvage what they could from the ship , and he created the first European settlement in the Americas , naming it La Navidad after the day the ship was destroyed . The island was named La Española and claimed by Spain , which ruled until the early 17th century . Competing claims and settlements by the French led to the western portion of the island being ceded to France , which named it Saint-Domingue . The development of sugarcane plantations , worked by slaves brought from Africa , led to the colony being among the most lucrative in the world . In the midst of the French Revolution ( 1789 -- 1799 ) , slaves and free people of colour revolted in the Haitian Revolution ( 1791 -- 1804 ) , culminating in the abolition of slavery and the defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte 's army at the Battle of Vertières . Afterward the sovereign nation of Haiti was established on 1 January 1804 the first independent nation of Latin America and the Caribbean , the second republic in the Americas , the only nation in the western hemisphere to have defeated three European superpowers ( France , Spain , and the UK ) , and the only nation in the world established as a result of a successful slave revolt . The rebellion that began in 1791 was led by a former slave and the first black general of the French Army , Toussaint Louverture , whose military genius and political acumen transformed an entire society of slaves into an independent country . Upon his death in a prison in France , he was succeeded by his lieutenant , Jean-Jacques Dessalines , who declared Haiti 's sovereignty and later became the first Emperor of Haiti , Jacques I . The Haitian Revolution lasted just over a dozen years ; and apart from Alexandre Pétion , the first President of the Republic , all the first leaders of government were former slaves . The Citadelle Laferrière is the largest fortress in the Americas . Henri Christophe former slave and first king of Haiti , Henri I built it to withstand a possible foreign attack . It is a founding member of the United Nations , Organization of American States ( OAS ) , Association of Caribbean States , and the International Francophonie Organisation . In addition to CARICOM , it is a member of the International Monetary Fund , World Trade Organization , and the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States . It has the lowest Human Development Index in the Americas . Most recently , in February 2004 , a coup d'état originating in the north of the country forced the resignation and exile of President Jean-Bertrand Aristide . A provisional government took control with security provided by the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti ( MINUSTAH ) .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "9fff4f657d81810488ac5d45e595406d", "text": "Foreign relations of Saint Lucia Saint Lucia maintains friendly relations with the major powers active in the Caribbean , including the United States , the United Kingdom , Canada , and France . Saint Lucia has no extant international disputes , aside from tension resulting from the island 's status as a transit point for South American drugs destined for the United States and Europe . Saint Lucia 's Permanent Representative ( or ambassador ) to the United Nations is Anthony Severin .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5528137f46b7561b3fa5a20e72e340ba", "text": "Caribbean Sea The Caribbean Sea ( Mar Caribe Mer des Caraïbes Caraïbische Zee ) is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean in the tropics of the Western Hemisphere . It is bounded by Mexico and Central America to the west and south west , to the north by the Greater Antilles starting with Cuba , to the east by the Lesser Antilles , and to the south by the north coast of South America . The entire area of the Caribbean Sea , the numerous islands of the West Indies , and adjacent coasts , are collectively known as the Caribbean . The Caribbean Sea is one of the largest seas and has an area of about 2,754,000 km2 ( 1,063,000 sq mi ) . The sea 's deepest point is the Cayman Trough , between the Cayman Islands and Jamaica , at 7,686 m ( 25,220 ft ) below sea level . The Caribbean coastline has many gulfs and bays : the Gulf of Gonâve , Gulf of Venezuela , Gulf of Darién , Golfo de los Mosquitos , Gulf of Paria and Gulf of Honduras . The Caribbean Sea has the world 's second biggest barrier reef , the Mesoamerican Barrier Reef . It runs 1000 km along the coasts of Mexico , Belize , Guatemala , and Honduras .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b3601c9b50c35f3f91635db7b882dce5", "text": "Andean states The Andean States ( Estados Andinos ) are a group of nations in South America connected by the Andes mountain range . `` Andean States '' is sometimes used to refer to all seven countries that the Andes runs through , regions with a shared culture primarily spread during the times of the Inca Empire ( such as the Quechua language and Andean cuisine ) , or it can be used in a geopolitical sense to designate countries in the region that are members of the Andean Community trade group and have a local ( as opposed to European ) cultural orientation . The Andes extend through the western part of South America in following countries : ( not considered to be geopolitically an Andean State ) ( not considered to be geopolitically an Andean State ) When grouped as `` the Andean states '' , the emphasis is on the mountainous regions of these countries . For example , the Argentine pampas are not part of the Andean region , but western Argentina along with Chile is part of the Andean region , and has cultural continuities with its Andean neighbors . Venezuela , Colombia , Peru , Ecuador and Bolivia are part of the Andean Community ( a trade grouping ) , and each contains Amazon Rainforest and Amazonian indigenous people as well as Andean mountains .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e7166733a267e5a3a243ea0a7dbb0feb", "text": "May 2004 Caribbean floods The May 2004 Caribbean floods were a flood event that took place in the Caribbean Islands , mainly Hispaniola and some parts of Northern Puerto Rico from May 18 , 2004 to May 25 , 2004 . The storm caused significant rainfall , with over 9.7 inches of rain falling at the most in Haiti , and 10 inches falling at the most in the Dominican Republic . These floods were caused by over two weeks of persistent rain in the Caribbean area , which eventually caused the landslides that killed many people . The floods caused much damage in Haiti and the Dominican Republic , with over 1,300 homes being destroyed and about 2,000 people being killed.Due to this destruction , nearly 15,000 people were displaced with nowhere to live . The area that felt the worst of the flooding was the town of Jimani , near the border of Haiti and the Dominican Republic.In fact , the destruction present at Jimani was so bad that Dominican president Hipolito Mejia declared a national day of mourning after seeing the effects of the storm .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dd125914863a1be91906862431b3faec", "text": "Macedonia naming dispute The Macedonia naming dispute is a political dispute regarding the use of the name Macedonia between the southeastern European countries of Greece and the Republic of Macedonia , formerly a federal unit of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia . Pertinent to its background is an early 20th century multifaceted dispute and armed conflict that formed part of the background to the Balkan Wars . The specific naming dispute , although an existing issue in Yugoslav -- Greek relations since World War II , was reignited after the breakup of Yugoslavia and the newly gained independence of the former Socialist Republic of Macedonia in 1991 . Since then , it has been an ongoing issue in bilateral and international relations . Citing historical and territorial concerns resulting from the ambiguity between the Republic of Macedonia , the adjacent Greek region of Macedonia and the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon which falls mostly within Greek Macedonia , Greece opposes the use of the name `` Macedonia '' by the Republic of Macedonia without a geographical qualifier such as `` Northern Macedonia '' for use by all and for all purposes . As millions of ethnic Greeks identify themselves as Macedonians , unrelated to the Slavic people who are associated with the Republic of Macedonia , Greece further objects to the use of the term `` Macedonian '' for the neighboring country 's largest ethnic group and its language . The Republic of Macedonia is accused of appropriating symbols and figures that are historically considered part of Greek culture such as the Vergina Sun and Alexander the Great , and of promoting the irredentist concept of a United Macedonia , which involves territorial claims on Greece , Bulgaria , Albania , and Serbia . The dispute has escalated to the highest level of international mediation , involving numerous attempts to achieve a resolution . In 1995 , the two countries formalised bilateral relations and committed to start negotiations on the naming issue , under the auspices of the United Nations . Until a solution is found , the provisional reference `` the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia '' ( sometimes unofficially abbreviated as FYROM ) is used by international organisations and states which do not recognise translations of the constitutional name Republic of Macedonia ( Република Македонија , Republika Makedonija ) . UN members , and the UN as a whole , have agreed to accept any final agreement on a new name resulting from negotiations between the two countries . The parties are represented by Ambassadors Vasko Naumovski and Adamantios Vassilakis , under the mediation of Matthew Nimetz .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9c83f2bea2bd76c2fba3affcef9af2d3", "text": "Timor Timor is an island at the southern end of Maritime Southeast Asia , north of the Timor Sea . The island is divided between the sovereign states of East Timor on the eastern part and Indonesia , on the western part . The Indonesian part , also known as West Timor , constitutes part of the province of East Nusa Tenggara . Within West Timor lies an exclave of East Timor called Oecusse District . The island covers an area of 30,777 km2 . The name is a variant of timur , Malay for `` east '' ; it is so called because it lies at the eastern end of the Lesser Sunda Islands .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "45b058561ea9150d6f24c715bf2eeaa3", "text": "Crown dependencies The Crown dependencies are the Isle of Man in the Irish Sea , and the Bailiwicks of Jersey and Guernsey in the English Channel . They are independently administered jurisdictions , and do not form part of either the United Kingdom or the British Overseas Territories . They are self-governing possessions of the Crown ( defined uniquely in each jurisdiction ) . Internationally , the dependencies are considered `` territories for which the United Kingdom is responsible '' , rather than sovereign states . As a result , they are not member states of the Commonwealth of Nations . However , they do have relationships with the Commonwealth , the European Union , and other international organisations , and are members of the British -- Irish Council . They have their own teams in the Commonwealth Games . They are not part of the European Union ( EU ) , although they are within the EU 's customs area . As the Crown dependencies are not sovereign states , the power to pass legislation affecting the islands ultimately rests with the government of the United Kingdom . However they each have their own legislative assemblies , with the power to legislate on many local matters with the assent of the Crown ( Privy Council , or in the case of the Isle of Man in certain circumstances the Lieutenant-Governor ) . In each case , the head of government is referred to as the Chief Minister .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ceb9aac793985c843f5d830ac1bfacf2", "text": "Guanabara (state) The State of Guanabara ( Estado da Guanabara , -LSB- ɡwanaˈbaɾa -RSB- ) was a Brazilian city-state that existed from 1960 to 1975 . It comprised only the city of Rio de Janeiro after the Federal District was moved from that city to Brasília in 1960 . The state was named after Guanabara Bay , along its eastern coast . In 1834 , the city of Rio de Janeiro was elevated to Imperial capital of the Empire of Brazil , but it was not part of any Brazilian province , having special status as the so-called `` Neutral municipality '' ( Município Neutro ) . The surrounding Province of Rio de Janeiro ( which did not include the city ) had its capital city in Niterói . When Brazil became a republic in 1889 , the city of Rio de Janeiro remained the national capital and became the Federal District ( Distrito Federal ) , while the surrounding homonymous province became a state , still with Niterói as its capital . When the national capital was moved to Brasília in 1960 , a new Federal District was carved out of the state of Goiás to contain it , and the old Federal District became Guanabara State . Throughout its 15-year existence , Guanabara was a unique state in many ways . Comprising only one city ( albeit a large one ) , Guanabara was the smallest Brazilian state by land . It also had the peculiarity of being the only Brazilian state that was not divided into municipalities . Although for some practical purposes , it was sometimes counted as having one single municipality , and Rio de Janeiro was officially named its capital , there was no mayor , municipal legislature or any other municipal government institution there , as the city of Rio de Janeiro was directly administered by the state government . On the other hand , that also meant that the Guanabara state government had some functions that were normally assigned to municipalities elsewhere , such as regulating urban zoning , inspecting the safety of buildings , or issuing licenses for commercial venues , for example . All the characteristics disappeared in 1975 , when the states of Guanabara and Rio de Janeiro merged into a new , larger State of Rio de Janeiro . The city of Rio de Janeiro became a municipality of the new combined state and its new capital city .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "da9559a2faef222d04d68b655730246c", "text": "Canada–Latin America relations Canada -- Latin America relations are relations between Canada and Latin America . This includes the bilateral ties between Canada and the individual Latin American states , plurilateral ties between Canada and any group of those states , or multilateral relations through groups like the Organization of American States ( OAS ) . Canada and Latin America share ties of geography as part of the Western Hemisphere and history through the shared experience of European colonization . Culturally , Canada shares with the other American societies a mixture of European , indigenous American , and immigrant influences . Parts of Canada are majority-French speaking , and since French is a `` Latin '' language , Canada ( or more often Quebec ) is sometimes considered an honorary part of Latin America . However , Latin Americans may also group Canadians with United States citizens as norteamericanos or gringos . For both Canadians and Latin Americans the importance of relations with the United States may overshadow relations with each other . However Canada 's importance in the region has risen since joining the OAS in 1990 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "898a706e8d1055d20c2c60e4ccdc91e2", "text": "List of populated places affected by the 2010 Haiti earthquake This is a list of populated places and structures affected by the 2010 Haiti earthquake , a magnitude 7.0 Mw earthquake which occurred on 12 January 2010 , with an epicentre approximately 25 km west of Port-au-Prince , Haiti , and affected an estimated three million people . The Haitian government estimated that 230,000 people died , 300,000 were injured and 1,000,000 made homeless by the quake . The earthquake caused extensive damage to infrastructure in southwestern Haiti -- in February , Prime Minister Jean-Max Bellerive estimated that 250,000 residences and 30,000 commercial buildings had collapsed or were severely damaged . The deputy mayor of Léogâne , at the epicentre of the earthquake , reported that 90 percent of buildings in the city were destroyed and Léogâne had `` to be totally rebuilt . '' As much as 90 percent of Grand-Goâve was devastated , including all public buildings . In Gressier , 40 -- 50 percent of buildings were destroyed ; the same in the worst-affected areas of Carrefour . Jacmel , the capital of Sud-Est Department , also was heavily affected ; 70 percent of homes in the city were damaged according to the mayor of Jacmel , as well as the airport , hospital and city hall building . Many landmark buildings were damaged or destroyed , including the Presidential Palace , the National Assembly building ( Palais Législatif ) , the Supreme Court building ( Palais de Justice ) and the Holy Trinity and Port-au-Prince Cathedrals . Port-au-Prince 's main port and airport , the Port international de Port-au-Prince and Toussaint Louverture International Airport also suffered severe damage , as did Killick , the Haitian Coast Guard 's base in the capital city . The Ciné Institute , Haiti 's only film school , `` lost two buildings '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c72fbddc2340d024f4aad2811b2581dd", "text": "List of rodents of the Caribbean The Caribbean region is home to a diverse and largely endemic rodent fauna . This includes the endemic family Capromyidae ( hutias ) , which are largely limited to the Greater Antilles , and two other groups of endemic hystricognaths , the heteropsomyines and giant hutias , including the extinct bear-sized Amblyrhiza inundata . Lesser Antillean rodent faunas mostly consist of oryzomyines , members of a distantly related group of rodents , and include two of the largest known oryzomyines , Megalomys desmarestii and `` Oryzomys hypenemus '' . Various other rodents are limited to land-bridge islands such as Trinidad , which were connected to the mainland during glacial-period lowered sea levels in the Pleistocene , or to smaller portions of the Caribbean archipelago . Much of the native rodent fauna of the Caribbean are extinct because of human influences , particularly following the introduction of invasive species such as Old World rats . For the purposes of this article , the `` Caribbean '' includes all islands in the Caribbean Sea ( except for small islets close to the mainland ) and the Bahamas , Turks and Caicos Islands , and Barbados , which are not in the Caribbean Sea but biogeographically belong to the same Caribbean bioregion .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "77ef3ca640eb4fef199cb03ef4b94d53", "text": "Plazas de soberanía The plazas de soberanía ( -LSB- ˈplaθaz ðe soβeɾaˈni.a -RSB- , literally `` places of sovereignty '' ) are the Spanish sovereign territories in North Africa . These are separate pieces of land scattered along the Mediterranean coast bordering Morocco . The name refers to the fact that these territories have been a part of Spain since the formation of the modern Spanish State ( 1492 -- 1556 ) , and are distinguished from African territories obtained by Spain during the 19th and 20th century . Historically , a distinction was made between the so-called `` major sovereign territories '' , comprising the cities of Ceuta and Melilla , and the `` minor sovereign territories '' , referring to a number of smaller enclaves and islands along the coast . In the present , the term refers mainly to the latter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4dcef78e77ee3e3350e45683ba7ed7c7", "text": "Outline of Trinidad and Tobago The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Trinidad and Tobago : Trinidad and Tobago -- sovereign island nation located in the Lesser Antilles Archipelago in the southeastern Caribbean Sea . Trinidad and Tobago lies northeast of Venezuela and south of the island nation of Grenada . It also shares maritime boundaries with Barbados to the northeast and Guyana to the southeast . The country covers an area of 5,128 square kilometers ( 1,979 sq mi ) and consists of two main islands , Trinidad and Tobago , and numerous smaller landforms . Trinidad is the larger and more populous of the main islands ; Tobago is much smaller , comprising about 6 % of the total area and 4 % of the population . The nation lies outside the hurricane belt . Officially Trinidadians or Tobagonians , the people from Trinidad and Tobago are often informally referred to as Trinbagonians or Trinis ( for Trinidadians ) . Unlike most of the English-speaking Caribbean , Trinidad and Tobago is a primarily industrialised country whose economy is based on petroleum and petrochemicals . Trinidad and Tobago is famous for its pre-Lenten Carnival and as the birthplace of steelpan , calypso , chutney , chutney-soca , pichakaree , chut-kai-pang , cariso , kaiso , parang , soca , and limbo .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "90c2632e1e0f1a0aa4cba04872c6f1a7", "text": "André Apaid André Apaid , Jr. , the leader of the Group of 184 in Haiti , the civil society movement which forced Jean-Bertrand Aristide from power in 2004 through a coup d'état . He is the head of Alpha Industries , one of the largest assembly factories in Haiti , and of Fondation Nouvelle Haiti , a member of the Initiative de la Societe Civile group . Numerous allegations have been made against Apaid : His father , Andre Apaid , Senior , a Haitian immigrant of Lebanese origin , had been a strong supporter of Jean-Claude Duvalier . The root of the Apaid family 's opposition to Aristide is believed to be Aristide 's doubling of the minimum wage in 1991 , which conflicted with Alpha Industries business practices . Alpha Industries had been described in international reports as a notorious sweatshop . Apaid has also been accused of tax evasion . Apaid is the head of the Group of 184 , a group that is seen by some as a legitimate political organization and by others as an instigator of violence . Apaid reportedly has close ties with Thomas `` Labanye '' Robinson , a violent and dangerous gang leader in Cité Soleil , a slum outside Port-au-Prince . The Center for the Study of Human Rights states that Apaid pays Labanye to kill supporters of the Lavalas party , the political party of Aristide . The switch to electronic voting in Haiti , though the majority of Haiti is without electricity , is being promoted by Claude Apaid , the brother of André Apaid and the owner of the computer company that has secured the government contract to supply voting machines .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "00f3a69f001faa6b9972ae7572a1d9d0", "text": "Human trafficking in Venezuela Venezuela is a source , transit , and destination country for men , women , and children trafficked for the purposes of commercial sexual exploitation and forced labor . Venezuela 's political , economic , and social concerns contribute to the factors and types of human trafficking in the country . In particular , the severe poverty in Venezuela has increased the rate of human trafficking . Venezuelan women and girls are trafficked within the country for sexual exploitation , lured from poor regions in the nation 's interior to urban and tourist areas . Victims are recruited through false job offers and subsequently forced into prostitution or conditions of labor exploitation . Child prostitution in urban areas and child sex tourism in resort destinations such as Margarita Island appear to be growing . Venezuelan women and girls are trafficked for commercial sexual exploitation to Western Europe and Mexico , in addition to Caribbean destinations such as Trinidad and Tobago , Aruba , and the Dominican Republic . Men , women , and children from Colombia , Peru , Ecuador , Brazil , the Dominican Republic , and the People 's Republic of China are trafficked to and through Venezuela and may be subjected to commercial sexual exploitation and forced labor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "56b1ca78e1b16b4b0fdd2760403f568c", "text": "Saona Island Saona Island ( Isla Saona ) is a tropical island located a short distance from the mainland on the south-east tip of the Dominican Republic . It is a government protected nature reserve and is part of East National Park ( Parque Nacional del Este ) . It is a popular destination for tourists from all over the Dominican Republic , who arrive in fleets of catamarans and small motorboats on organized excursions every day . The Island is known for its beaches , and has been used on a number of occasions by film-makers and advertisers looking for a stereotypical `` desert island '' setting for their film or product . It is promoted amongst European visitors as the setting for the Bounty chocolate bar advert .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9bd149962af5f092c74b2e7aba244372", "text": "Comoros The Comoros ( -LSB- ˈkɒməroʊz -RSB- جزر القمر , ) , officially the Union of the Comoros ( Comorian : Udzima wa Komori , Union des Comores , الاتحاد القمري ) , is a sovereign archipelago island nation in the Indian Ocean located at the northern end of the Mozambique Channel off the eastern coast of Africa between northeastern Mozambique and northwestern Madagascar . Other countries near the Comoros are Tanzania to the northwest and the Seychelles to the northeast . Its capital is Moroni , on Grande Comore . The Union of the Comoros has three official languages -- Comorian , Arabic and French . The religion of the majority of the population is Islam . At 1660 km2 , excluding the contested island of Mayotte , the Comoros is the third-smallest African nation by area . The population , excluding Mayotte , is estimated at 798,000 . As a nation formed at a crossroads of different civilisations , the archipelago is noted for its diverse culture and history . The archipelago was first inhabited by Bantu speakers who came from East Africa , supplemented by Arab and Austronesian immigration . The country consists of three major islands and numerous smaller islands , all in the volcanic Comoros archipelago . The major islands are commonly known by their French names : northwestern-most Grande Comore ( Ngazidja ) ; Mohéli ( Mwali ) ; and Anjouan ( Nzwani ) . In addition , the country has a claim on a fourth major island , southeastern-most Mayotte ( Maore ) , though Mayotte voted against independence from France in 1974 , has never been administered by an independent Comoros government , and continues to be administered by France ( currently as an overseas department ) . France has vetoed United Nations Security Council resolutions that would affirm Comorian sovereignty over the island . In addition , Mayotte became an overseas department and a region of France in 2011 following a referendum passed overwhelmingly . It became part of the French colonial empire in the 19th century before becoming independent in 1975 . Since declaring independence , the country has experienced more than 20 coups d'état or attempted coups , with various heads of state assassinated . Along with this constant political instability , the population of the Comoros lives with the worst income inequality of any nation , with a Gini coefficient over 60 % , while also ranking in the worst quartile on the Human Development Index . about half the population lived below the international poverty line of US$ 1.25 a day . The Comoros is a member state of the African Union , Francophonie , Organisation of Islamic Cooperation , Arab League ( of which it is the southernmost state , being the only member state of the Arab League with a tropical climate and also entirely within the Southern Hemisphere ) and the Indian Ocean Commission .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "519644380221a0e7ef73672f11b02e5b", "text": "Cayman Islands The Cayman Islands ( -LSB- ˈkeɪmən -RSB- or -LSB- keɪ 'm æn -RSB- ) is a British Overseas Territory in the western Caribbean Sea . The 264 km2 territory comprises the three islands of Grand Cayman , Cayman Brac and Little Cayman located south of Cuba , northeast of Costa Rica , north of Panama , east of Mexico and northwest of Jamaica . Its population is approximately 60,000 , and its capital is George Town . The Cayman Islands are considered to be part of the geographic Western Caribbean Zone as well as the Greater Antilles . The territory is often considered a major world offshore financial haven for many wealthy individuals .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c8e9ff3bcd10a3762802e87a33bdd711", "text": "Isleño Isleño ( -LSB- izˈleɲo -RSB- , pl . isleños ) is the Spanish word meaning `` islander . '' The term was applied to the Canary Islanders to distinguish them from Spanish mainlanders known as `` peninsulars '' ( links = no ) . The Isleños are the inhabitants of the Canary Islands , and by extension the descendants of Canarian settlers and emigrants to present-day Louisiana , Texas , Cuba , the Dominican Republic , Venezuela , Puerto Rico , and other parts of the Americas . In these places , the name , which formerly referred to a general category of people , now refers to the specific cultural identity of Canary Islanders or their descendants throughout Latin America and in Louisiana , where they are still called isleños . Another name for Canary Islander in English is `` Canarian . '' In Spanish , an alternative is canario or isleño canario . The term isleño is still used in Latin America , at least in those countries which had large Canarian populations , to distinguish a Canary Islander from a peninsular ( continental Spaniard ) . By the early 19th century there were more people of Canarian extraction in the Americas than in the Canary Islands themselves , and the number of descendants of those first immigrants is exponentially larger than the number who originally migrated . The Americas were the destination of most Canarian immigrants , from their discovery by Europeans in the 15th century until the 20th century , when substantial numbers went to the Spanish colonies of Ifni , Western Sahara and Equatorial Guinea in Africa during the first half of the century . Beginning in the 1970s , they began to emigrate to other European countries , although emigration to the Americas did not end until the early 1980s . The cultures of Cuba , the Dominican Republic , Puerto Rico , Venezuela , and Uruguay partially have all been influenced by Canarian culture , as have the dialects of Spanish spoken in all but Uruguay . Although almost all descendants of Canary Islanders who emigrated to the Americas from the 16th to the 20th century are incorporated socially and culturally within the larger populations , there remain a few communities that have preserved at least some their ancestors ' Canarian culture , as in Louisiana , San Antonio in Texas , Hatillo , Puerto Rico San Carlos de Tenerife ( now a neighborhood of Santo Domingo ) in the Dominican Republic and San Borondón in Peru .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c41a1eb7db7560a27fe90a2d779b9025", "text": "Human trafficking in Panama Panama is a source , transit , and destination country for women and children subjected to trafficking in persons , specifically forced prostitution . Although some Panamanian women and girls are found in forced prostitution in other countries in Latin America and in Europe , most Panamanian trafficking victims are exploited within the country . Although statistics were lacking , both NGOs and government officials anecdotally reported that commercial sexual exploitation of children was greater in rural areas and in the city of Colon than in Panama City . NGOs report that some Panamanian children , mostly young girls , are subjected to involuntary domestic servitude . Most foreign sex trafficking victims are adult women from Colombia , the Dominican Republic , and neighboring Central American countries ; some victims migrate voluntarily to Panama to work but are subsequently forced into prostitution . Weak controls along Panama 's borders make the nation an easy transit point for irregular migrants , from Latin America , East Africa , and Asia , some of whom may fall victim to human trafficking . The government of Panama does not fully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking ; however , it is making significant efforts to do so . During the reporting period , authorities increased public awareness about the prostitution of children through seminars in schools and an outreach campaign with the tourism sector . Despite such efforts , the government showed little evidence of progress in combating human trafficking . Law enforcement efforts remained weak , the Panamanian penal code did not prohibit trafficking for forced labor , and the government failed to provide adequate assistance to victims and to identify trafficking victims among vulnerable populations ; therefore , Panama is placed on Tier 2 Watch List .", "title": "" } ]	fever
cec27a758b88296cf54bbd20fd357b53	Lisa Bonet was born on November 16th, 1967.	[ { "docid": "847dcc8dd775bc98acd005195d72cee3", "text": "Lisa Bonet Lisa Michelle Bonet ( born November 16 , 1967 ) is an American actress . She is best known for her role as Denise Huxtable -- Kendall on the NBC sitcom , The Cosby Show ( 1984 -- 92 ) and originally starring in its spinoff comedy , A Different World for its first season ( 1987 -- 88 ) .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "97cdab6c711f7bc4afdf1238a3b5c1be", "text": "Lisa Stansfield discography British singer and songwriter Lisa Stansfield has released seven solo studio albums and one with her band Blue Zone , four compilation albums , three remix albums , one soundtrack album , one extended play and forty-four singles . As of 2004 , Stansfield has sold over twenty million albums worldwide , including five million of Affection . Her biggest hits include : `` People Hold On '' , `` This Is the Right Time '' , `` All Around the World '' , `` Live Together '' , `` What Did I Do to You ? '' , `` You Ca n't Deny It '' , `` Change '' , `` All Woman '' , `` Time to Make You Mine '' , `` Set Your Loving Free '' , `` Someday ( I 'm Coming Back ) '' , `` In All the Right Places '' , `` The Real Thing '' and `` Never , Never Gon na Give You Up '' . Stansfield released her latest studio album titled Seven on 31 January 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "830d84752d6c0390b0233ba57b74d035", "text": "Lene Lovich Lene Lovich ( -LSB- leɪnə_lʌvɪtʃ -RSB- , born March 30 , 1949 ) is an English-American singer , songwriter and musician of Serbian and English descent based in England . She first gained attention in 1979 with the release of her hit single `` Lucky Number '' , which peaked at number 3 on the UK Singles Chart and made her a leading figure of the new wave music scene . Born in Detroit , Michigan , Lovich moved to England at the age of 13 , where she met guitarist and songwriter Les Chappell , who later became her long-time music collaborator and life partner . She developed an interest in art and theater , enrolling at the Central School of Art and Design where she took saxophone lessons . In 1975 , she joined the band the Diversions and shortly afterwards wrote the lyrics to Cerrone 's single `` Supernature '' . After the band broke up , Lovich started looking for another band that would let her join and contacted the radio presenter Charlie Gillett , who got her to record a demo of Tommy James and the Shondells ' song `` I Think We 're Alone Now '' and played it to Dave Robinson of Stiff Records , who decided to sign Lovich . The song was released as a single and appeared on her debut studio album Stateless ( 1978 ) , which produced the single `` Lucky Number '' . She released two more albums , Flex ( 1979 ) and No Man 's Land ( 1982 ) , on Stiff Records . In 1989 , she independently released the album March , before her 15-year hiatus . She focused more on her family but came back in 2005 with the release of her album Shadows and Dust . In 2013 , she established her own publishing label , Flex Music , and released a re-mastered version of all her previous albums in a limited edition box set .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8edee9b1c393a9756516f9727635fa31", "text": "Loan-a Lisa `` Loan-a Lisa '' is the second episode of The Simpsons twenty-second season . It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on October 3 , 2010 . In the episode , Lisa helps fund Nelson 's bicycle company with money Grampa Simpson gives her as part of his inheritance , but after Nelson meets Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg and is convinced he can be successful by dropping out of school , Lisa tries to convince Nelson to stay in school . Meanwhile , Homer gets addicted to buying expensive items and returning them . The episode was written by Valentina L. Garza and directed by Matthew Faughnan , after Yeardley Smith suggested writing one centered around microfinancing . It guest starred Mark Zuckerberg , Chris Hansen and Muhammad Yunus . The episode received positive reviews from critics . According to the Nielsen Media Research receiving a 4.1 / 11 in the 18-49 demographic going up from the previous episode both in the demographic and in total viewers . The episode was broadcast two days after the theatrical release of The Social Network , a film based on Zuckerberg 's founding of Facebook .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9e88ecda74f90f3fe2aa83587bb58884", "text": "May 16", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1acb055ce28a576e49ba7d95665661ce", "text": "Lisa Daggs Lisa Daggs ( born February 28 , 1965 ) is an American multi-award-winning Christian music singer/songwriter based in Los Angeles , California . In some instances she also goes by the name of Lisa Daggs-Charette . She was born in Los Angeles , California , and was raised in Sacramento by her mother after her parents were divorced when she was ten . Trying to deal with the pressures of her teenage years and her parents ' divorce , she eventually tried to ease her pain by medicating herself with drugs and alcohol .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f80e8cbba4ba3d579a2a57c317ec13f1", "text": "Lisa's Song Lisa 's Song + 6 Songs is the debut recording from Canadian singer-songwriter Allison Crowe . Its tracks were recorded live-off-the-floor in two separate sessions . The first tracks were captured July 2001 , on an afternoon when Crowe was travelling to Seattle , Washington , to perform concerts for fans of Pearl Jam at the Worldwide Jammer Convergence . The final session , in April 2003 , was to add the title song for Lisa Marie Young , Crowe 's high-school friend who disappeared one night and is still missing from her hometown . This recording has been released in three different EP versions titled Six Songs , Six Songs + and Lisa 's Song + 6 Songs . Following the independent model of musicians Loreena McKennitt and Ani DiFranco , Allison Crowe launched her own record label , Rubenesque Records Ltd. , with the release of `` Lisa 's Song '' in its various forms .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1194e95aece0f39339e86eb287b57ac0", "text": "Lisa Beres Lisa Beres is a certified green building professional , Building Biologist ( BBEC ) and children 's book author . Beres wrote My Body My House , a parable of the dangers of introducing hazardous chemicals into one 's home . She is also the co-author with Sally Jessy Raphael of the audio CD : Your Home Through Green Colored Glasses . In addition she has co-authored several audio CDs including Learn to Create a Healthy Home , an educational tool used for identifying unhealthy products in the home and The 9 to 5 Greened : 10 Steps to a Healthy Office . Lisa is also the co-author of the newly released book , Just Green It ! Simple Swaps to Save the Planet and Your Health ( Running Press ; April 2010 ) . Beres and her husband , Ron Beres , are often relied upon as subject matter experts for issues related to green living . Beres has provided expert commentary on several radio and television shows including NBC 's Today Show , Discovery Channel 's `` Greenovate , '' Fox & Friends , Living Well with Montel Williams , The Doctors and Chelsea Lately on E!Lisa is a national spokesperson for organic , green , non-toxic products and conducts Healthy Home Media Tours across the country . Beres has served as an advisory board member for Cal State Fullerton University 's UEE Green Building Program and on the board of directors for the Institute for Building Biology and Ecology . She and her husband Ron Beres are the founders of Green Nest , a retailer of environmentally safe products . A frequent contributor to several radio and television news programs , Beres acts as green correspondent for the Sally Jessy Raphael radio show and podcast . Beres lives in Irvine , California . Beres and her husband , Ron Beres , conduct professional speaking engagements across the country educating consumers on how to create healthier homes and greener lives . Recently , they educated southern Californians on `` How to Live a Green Life '' at Maria Shriver 's Women 's Conference . On October 21 , 2008 , they joined A-Listers including : Warren Buffett Arnold Schwarzenegger , Jennifer Lopez , Bono , and others . The entire list of speakers can be viewed at Women 's Conference 2008 . Lisa Beres is owner and co-founder of GreenNest.com , an online retailer of environmentally safe products . Their consulting business includes celebrities as well as Fortune 1000 companies .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "264022851972f1af3321c70a07d5e461", "text": "Close to the Bone (Thompson Twins album) Close to the Bone is the sixth album by the British pop group Thompson Twins , and was released in March 1987 . Now only the duo of Tom Bailey and Alannah Currie remaining , this was the first album the Thompson Twins made without Joe Leeway . Produced by Bailey and Rupert Hine , the band commented that they wrote and recorded the album quickly , in an exercise to see how fast they could produce a complete LP . Ending their run of top 5 albums in the UK , the album was a commercial failure , peaking at number 90 on the UK album charts and failing to yield any hit singles . It fared a little better in the US , peaking at number 76 , with the single `` Get That Love '' peaking at number 31 on the US Billboard Hot 100 . Although the original release of album remains out-of-print , the album was re-issued as part of the 2012 Thompson Twins set Original Album Classics , which featured the albums In the Name of Love , Quick Step and Side Kick , Into the Gap , Here 's to Future Days and Close to the Bone .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9190ddc332fc1fc7d7660ad2c83c58d4", "text": "Lisa Takeba is a Japanese film director and screenwriter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "17208aec6963cc9c050e07194fb7b47a", "text": "Close to the Bone (Tom Tom Club album) Close to the Bone is an album by the Tom Tom Club that was released in 1983 . The Club 's musicians are Wally Badarou ; Tyrone Downie ; Chris Frantz ; Roddy Frantz ; Rupert Hine ; Raymond Jones ; Steve Scales ; Steven Stanley ; Alex Weir ; and sisters Lani , Laura , and Tina Weymouth . The album was released on compact disc for the first time on May 19 , 2009 , as a part of a two-CD deluxe package with the band 's first album , Tom Tom Club , as part of Universal Music 's deluxe editions series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dc063dbb50ce89d18e7463398337ca87", "text": "Lisa Frank Lisa Frank is an American businesswoman , the founder of Lisa Frank Incorporated , headquartered in Tucson , Arizona . She is known for producing whimsical commercial design for school supplies and other products that are primarily marketed to children , particularly female ones .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d36485fa062eb890ce54ded60a694c95", "text": "November 20", "title": "" }, { "docid": "92b4dc78671e96aa9693fcc35c9d19fb", "text": "Apple Lisa Apple Lisa is a desktop computer developed by Apple , released on January 19 , 1983 . It was one of the first personal computers to offer a graphical user interface ( GUI ) in a machine aimed at individual business users . Development of the Lisa began in 1978 , and it underwent many changes during the development period before shipping at the very high price of US$ 9,995 with a 5 MB hard drive . The high price , relatively low performance and unreliable `` Twiggy '' floppy disks led to poor sales , with only 100,000 units sold . In 1982 , after Steve Jobs was forced out of the Lisa project , he joined the Macintosh project , at that time developing a much more limited machine with a task-switching interface . Jobs redirected the Macintosh team to build a cheaper and better Lisa , releasing it in January 1984 and quickly outstripping Lisa sales . Newer versions of the Lisa were introduced that addressed its faults and lowered its price considerably , but it failed to achieve favorable sales compared to the much less expensive Mac . The final revision of the Lisa , the Lisa 2/10 , was modified and sold as the Macintosh XL . Generally considered a failure , the Lisa nevertheless introduced a number of advanced features that would not re-appear on the Macintosh for a number of years . Among these was an operating system which featured protected memory and preemptive multitasking , and a more document-oriented workflow . The hardware itself was also much more advanced than the Macintosh , with a hard drive and support for up to 2 megabytes ( MB ) of RAM , expansion slots and a larger higher-resolution display . The main exception being that while the Macintosh also used the 68000 processor , the Macintosh initially used a version clocked at 7.89 Mhz , compared to the 5Mhz version used in the Lisa . The complexity of the Lisa operating system and its associated programs overtaxed the slower processor enough that users perceived it to be sluggish , particularly when scrolling in documents .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e9e4536d95a44e79a993646601104302", "text": "Letitia Dean Letitia Jane Dean ( born 14 November 1967 ) is an English actress and singer . She is known for her role as Sharon Watts in the BBC soap opera EastEnders . An original cast member from 1985 to 1995 , she reprised the role from 2001 to 2006 , and again from 2012 onwards . In 1986 , along with Paul Medford , Dean had a UK Top 20 hit with `` Something Outa Nothing '' . Her other television roles include The Hello Girls ( 1996 -- 98 ) , and Lucy Sullivan is Getting Married ( 1999 -- 2000 ) . In 2007 , she participated in the fifth series of the popular BBC dance competition Strictly Come Dancing , finishing fourth . On stage , she starred in the West End production of High School Musical in 2008 , and in the UK touring production of Calendar Girls in 2010 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b75cec1c76f54d798a452078cc809e0b", "text": "Gelu Lisac Gelu Lisac ( born 19 November 1967 ) is a Romanian former water polo player who competed in the 1996 Summer Olympics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7ca6bcfd7b11c1332cd81c2b98e03f7d", "text": "Monica Lisa Stevenson Monica Lisa Stevenson ( born April 21 , 1967 as Monica Felicia Bowen ) is an American gospel musician . Her first album , Finally ... in God 's Time , was released by Monicazmuzik in 2009 . The subsequent album , Live in Atlanta , was released in 2013 by Central South Records . This was a Billboard magazine breakthrough release upon two charts the Gospel Albums and Heatseekers Albums . She was nominated at the 2009 Stellar Awards in two categories .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "211c764d410fedaff942669a8f2c48f0", "text": "November 18", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a028d29c676aa945e0e3ecd4aa13bbbd", "text": "Queen Latifah Dana Elaine Owens ( born March 18 , 1970 ) , known professionally by her stage name Queen Latifah , is an American rapper , songwriter , singer , actress , model , television producer , record producer , and talk show host . Born in Newark , New Jersey , she signed with Tommy Boy Records in 1989 and released her debut album All Hail the Queen the same year , featuring the hit single `` Ladies First '' . Her second album , Nature of a Sista ( 1991 ) , was her final album with Tommy Boy Records . Latifah starred as Khadijah James on the FOX sitcom Living Single , from 1993 to 1998 . Her third album Black Reign ( 1993 ) , spawned the single `` U.N.I.T.Y. '' , which won a Grammy Award and was successful on the Billboard Hot 100 . She then starred in the lead role of Set It Off ( 1996 ) and released her fourth album , Order in the Court , in 1998 , with Motown Records . Latifah gained mainstream success and acclaim with her performance in the film Chicago ( 2002 ) , receiving an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress . Latifah released her fifth album The Dana Owens Album in 2004 , and has since appeared in a number of films , such as Bringing Down the House ( 2003 ) , Taxi ( 2004 ) , Barbershop 2 : Back in Business ( 2005 ) , Beauty Shop ( 2005 ) , Last Holiday ( 2006 ) , Hairspray ( 2007 ) and Joyful Noise ( 2012 ) . In 2007 and 2009 , she released two more studio albums -- Trav ` lin ' Light and Persona . She created the daytime talk show The Queen Latifah Show , which ran from late 2013 to early 2015 on CBS . Latifah received critical acclaim for her portrayal of blues singer Bessie Smith in the HBO film Bessie ( 2015 ) , which she co-produced , winning the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Television Movie . She has long been considered one of hip-hop 's pioneer feminists . Queen Latifah received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2006 . Latifah 's work in music , film and television has earned her a Grammy Award , an Emmy Award , a Golden Globe award , three Screen Actors Guild Awards , two NAACP Image Awards , an Academy Award nomination and sales of over two million records .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d27f3eb34bb746072f0bd3633bcf9a06", "text": "Closer to the Bone Closer to the Bone is the twentieth studio album by Kris Kristofferson . The album was released on September 29 , 2009 on the New West record label . Kristofferson has said : '' Closer to the Bone is a reflective album . It 's about making sense of life at this end of the game . '' It was originally entitled Starlight and Stone , but Kristofferson changed it to Closer to the Bone as he felt like it was more descriptive of the meaning of the album : '' ... the closer to the bone you are and the closer to the truth . '' The song , `` Good Morning John '' was written in the 1970s and is about Johnny Cash . Kristofferson wrote `` Sister Sinead '' as a tribute to Sinéad O'Connor . The album is dedicated to Stephen Bruton .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2316371a4819d7c682e63e2203c1eb48", "text": "Sharon Stone Sharon Yvonne Stone ( born March 10 , 1958 ) is an American actress , film producer , and former fashion model . Stone first came to attention for her role in the miniseries War and Remembrance ( 1989 ) and early mainstream prominence followed with her part in Paul Verhoeven 's Total Recall ( 1990 ) . She became a sex symbol and rose to international recognition with her starring role as Catherine Tramell in another Verhoeven film , the erotic thriller Basic Instinct ( 1992 ) , for which she received her first Golden Globe Award nomination for Best Actress in a Motion Picture -- Drama . She won the Golden Globe Award and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress for her performance in Martin Scorsese 's Casino ( 1995 ) . She received another two Golden Globe Award nominations for her roles in The Mighty ( 1998 ) and The Muse ( 1999 ) . Named Officer of the Order of Arts and Letters in France in 2005 , Stone 's other notable film roles include Sliver ( 1993 ) , The Specialist ( 1994 ) , The Quick and the Dead ( 1995 ) , If These Walls Could Talk 2 ( 2000 ) , Catwoman ( 2004 ) , Broken Flowers ( 2005 ) , Alpha Dog ( 2006 ) , Bobby ( 2006 ) , Lovelace ( 2013 ) , and Fading Gigolo ( 2013 ) . Stone has made guest-appearances in The Practice ( 2004 ) , winning the Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series , and in Law & Order : Special Victims Unit ( 2010 ) . She starred in the short-lived series Agent X ( 2015 ) .", "title": "" } ]	fever
dfe4a376a4ccb6df255684a910515cbf	Walt Disney founded a company headquartered in Burbank.	[ { "docid": "8fc49e31cacb2127d09daeba41ecbc21", "text": "The Walt Disney Company The Walt Disney Company , commonly known as Disney , is an American diversified multinational mass media and entertainment conglomerate , headquartered at the Walt Disney Studios in Burbank , California . It is the world 's second largest media conglomerate in terms of revenue , after Comcast . Disney was founded on October 16 , 1923 -- by brothers Walt Disney and Roy O. Disney -- as the Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio , and established itself as a leader in the American animation industry before diversifying into live-action film production , television , and theme parks . The company also operated under the names The Walt Disney Studio and then Walt Disney Productions . Taking on its current name in 1986 , it expanded its existing operations and also started divisions focused upon theater , radio , music , publishing , and online media . In addition , Disney has since created corporate divisions in order to market more mature content than is typically associated with its flagship family-oriented brands . The company is best known for the products of its film studio , Walt Disney Studios , which is today one of the largest and best-known studios in American cinema . Disney 's other three main divisions are Walt Disney Parks and Resorts , Disney Media Networks , and Disney Consumer Products and Interactive Media . Disney also owns and operates the ABC broadcast television network ; cable television networks such as Disney Channel , ESPN , A+E Networks , and Freeform ; publishing , merchandising , music , and theatre divisions ; and owns and licenses 14 theme parks around the world . The company has been a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average since May 6 , 1991 . Mickey Mouse , an early and well-known cartoon creation of the company , is a primary symbol and mascot for Disney .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ce07acf7d0c244460988d17eb3c8077a", "text": "Walt Disney Walter Elias Disney ( -LSB- ˈdɪzni -RSB- December 5 , 1901December 15 , 1966 ) was an American entrepreneur , animator , voice actor and film producer . A pioneer of the American animation industry , he introduced several developments in the production of cartoons . As a film producer , Disney holds the record for most Academy Awards earned by an individual , having won 22 Oscars from 59 nominations . He was presented with two Golden Globe Special Achievement Awards and an Emmy Award , among other honors . Several of his films are included in the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress . Born in Chicago in 1901 , Disney developed an early interest in drawing . He took art classes as a boy and got a job as a commercial illustrator at the age of 18 . He moved to California in the early 1920s and set up the Disney Brothers Studio with his brother Roy . With Ub Iwerks , Walt developed the character Mickey Mouse in 1928 , his first highly popular success ; he also provided the voice for his creation in the early years . As the studio grew , Disney became more adventurous , introducing synchronized sound , full-color three-strip Technicolor , feature-length cartoons and technical developments in cameras . The results , seen in features such as Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs ( 1937 ) , Fantasia , Pinocchio ( both 1940 ) , Dumbo ( 1941 ) and Bambi ( 1942 ) , furthered the development of animated film . New animated and live-action films followed after World War II , including the critically successful Cinderella ( 1950 ) and Mary Poppins ( 1964 ) , the latter of which received five Academy Awards . In the 1950s , Disney expanded into the amusement park industry , and in 1955 he opened Disneyland . To fund the project he diversified into television programs , such as Walt Disney 's Disneyland and The Mickey Mouse Club ; he was also involved in planning the 1959 Moscow Fair , the 1960 Winter Olympics , and the 1964 New York World 's Fair . In 1965 , he began development of another theme park , Disney World , the heart of which was to be a new type of city , the `` Experimental Prototype Community of Tomorrow '' ( EPCOT ) . Disney was a heavy smoker throughout his life , and died of lung cancer in December 1966 before either the park or the EPCOT project were completed . Disney was a shy , self-deprecating and insecure man in private , but adopted a warm and outgoing public persona . He had high standards and high expectations of those with whom he worked . Although there have been accusations that he was racist or anti-semitic , they have been contradicted by family members , employees and animation historians . His reputation changed in the years after his death , from a purveyor of homely patriotic values ( in the right ) to a representative of American imperialism ( in the left ) . Nevertheless , Disney is considered a cultural icon , particularly in the United States , where the company he co-founded is one of the world 's largest and best-known entertainment companies .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "683b93384d36c1c05900189251eb72e0", "text": "Virtual Magic Kingdom Virtual Magic Kingdom , also known as VMK , was a massively multiplayer online game developed by Walt Disney Parks and Resorts and Sulake Corporation and published by The Walt Disney Company . It was a virtual representation of the Disneyland style theme parks , containing areas and minigames which were based on real park scenery and attractions . It was launched as part of the Happiest Celebration on Earth promotional campaign to commemorate fifty years of Disney theme parks . The beta version opened publicly on May 23 , 2005 , with three virtual lands to explore : Main Street USA , Fantasyland , and Adventureland . This `` beta '' designation was removed on June 27 . The Tomorrowland game area was made available on October 5 , and Frontierland opened on December 12 . The rest of Tomorrowland opened on April 4 , 2006 , and New Orleans Square , the final land added , opened on January 8 , 2007 . VMK initially launched as an attachment to the Disneyland 50th-anniversary celebration , without long-term intentions , but it gained popularity and eventually became a long-term venture on its own . The target audience of the game was children between the ages of 8 and 14 , although VMK was designed to be enjoyed by guests of all ages . Due to the young age of the game 's target users , it was patrolled by paid staff who watched out for inappropriate behavior and language . Because of the need for human monitors , the time that the game was open had to be limited ; it was open to the public daily between 7:00 am -- 10:00 pm PST ( 10:00 am -- 1:00 am EST , 3:00 pm -- 6:00 am UTC ) . On May 21 , 2008 , the Virtual Magic Kingdom game was closed by Disney . Many fans asked Disney if VMK was going to reopen . This prompted Disney to post a message on the VMK homepage that the game was a promotion , and was closed , and that there were `` no plans '' to reopen VMK in any form . The VMK homepage now redirects to the main Disney games site .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3956b36e142193663a071c5d71be9ad8", "text": "Edgar Rice Burroughs, Inc. Edgar Rice Burroughs , Inc. is an American company founded in 1923 by author Edgar Rice Burroughs . It is based in Tarzana , California . The company holds the rights to the literary works of Burroughs that are still protected by copyright ( a number of Burroughs ' early works have passed out of copyright and consequently are in the public domain ) . Burroughs was one of the first artists to incorporate , which he did for tax reasons and for more control over his works . Burroughs ' books were published through the company from 1931 ( Tarzan the Invincible ) through 1948 ( Llana of Gathol ) , with one additional title ( I Am a Barbarian ) appearing in 1967 . The company remains in the ownership of the Burroughs family and manages and licenses Burroughs ' works and characters , including Tarzan and John Carter of Mars .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f8a75d85a4f1a8662762915dc433393a", "text": "Walt Disney's Carousel of Progress Walt Disney 's Carousel of Progress is an attraction located at the Magic Kingdom park at the Walt Disney World Resort . Created by both Walt Disney and WED Enterprises as the prime feature of the General Electric ( GE ) Pavilion for the 1964 New York World 's Fair , the attraction was moved to Tomorrowland at Disneyland in Anaheim , California as Carousel of Progress , remaining there from 1967 until 1973 . It was replaced in Disneyland by America Sings in 1974 , and reopened in its present home in Walt Disney World Resort 's Magic Kingdom in 1975 . Steeped in both nostalgia and ( In the past ) futurism , the attraction 's premise is an exploration of the joys of living through the advent of electricity and other technological advances during the 20th century via a `` typical '' American family . To keep it up with the times , the attraction has been updated five times ( in 1967 , 1975 , 1981 , 1985 , and 1993 ) and has had two different theme songs , both written by the Sherman Brothers ( Disney 's Academy Award-winning songwriting team ) . Various sources say Walt Disney himself proclaimed that the Carousel of Progress was his favorite attraction and that it should never cease operation . This can be somewhat supported by family and friends , who knew of his constant work on the attraction . Of all the attractions he presented at the 1964 -- 1965 New York World 's Fair , Disney seemed especially devoted to the Carousel of Progress . The Carousel of Progress holds the record as the longest-running stage show , with the most performances , in the history of American theater . It is one of the oldest attractions in the whole Walt Disney World Resort . It is also one of the only attractions at Walt Disney World to have been touched by Walt Disney himself .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a1e4a64da787d9c7f851963bef2411d2", "text": "Disney–ABC Domestic Television Disney -- ABC Domestic Television , also operating as ABC Syndication ( formerly known as Buena Vista Television and also known as Disney Domestic Television and Disney-ABC Home Entertainment and Television Distribution ) , is the in-home sales and content distribution firm of the Disney -- ABC Television Group , a division of The Walt Disney Company . Content distribution responsibilities include domestic television syndication , domestic pay TV , Internet and cable video-on-demand ( VOD ) , and pay-per-view outlets .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "edbaedaba28f0c20ecd9eaef62b0b29c", "text": "Crown Holdings Crown Holdings Incorporated , formerly Crown Cork & Seal Company , is an American company that makes metal beverage and food cans , metal aerosol containers , metal closures and specialty packing . Founded in 1892 , it is headquartered in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . As of December 2012 , Crown employs 21,900 people at 149 plants in 41 countries . It claims to manufacture one out of every five beverage cans used in the world , and one out of every three food cans used in North America and Europe . The company is ranked No. 296 in the Fortune 500 list for 2012 and is number one in the packaging and container industry for the same list .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "934c7ad9066358f020eac68dcf175b02", "text": "Systech Corporation Systech Corporation ( Systech ) is a California corporation founded in 1981 and headquartered in San Diego , California .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "06a3e05cd575a7640d9c8fc9eb4e8a9c", "text": "Disneyland Hotel Disneyland Hotel may refer to any of the following properties and/or licensees of The Walt Disney Company : Disneyland Hotel ( California ) Disneyland Hotel ( Paris ) Hong Kong Disneyland Hotel Tokyo Disneyland Hotel", "title": "" }, { "docid": "63b71c3e01c06b8b32dc1b27b4f1866e", "text": "The Burbank Studios The Burbank Studios ( formerly known as NBC Studios ) is a television production facility located in Burbank , California . The studio is home to Days of Our Lives , The Robert Irvine Show , and Henry Danger .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7a8a9cefe507f9f791b0a82df55cdcbc", "text": "Western Digital Western Digital Corporation ( commonly referred to as Western Digital and often abbreviated as WDC or WD ) is an American computer data storage company and one of the largest computer hard disk drive manufacturers in the world , along with Seagate Technology . Western Digital Corporation has a long history in the electronics industry as an integrated circuit maker and a storage products company . Western Digital was founded on April 23 , 1970 , by Alvin B. Phillips , a Motorola employee , as General Digital , initially ( and briefly ) a manufacturer of MOS test equipment . It rapidly became a speciality semiconductor maker , with start-up capital provided by several individual investors and industrial giant Emerson Electric . Around July 1971 , it adopted its current name and soon introduced its first product , the WD1402A UART .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "70acedc60b4c10de9fcf45a2d040c874", "text": "Anaheim Ice Anaheim Ice , formerly known as Disney Ice , is an indoor ice rink complex in Anaheim , California . It is known for being one of the major works of architect Frank Gehry . It is the practice and training rink of the Anaheim Ducks of the National Hockey League , and also hosts youth hockey , figure skating events , and public skating . Additionally , it serves as the home rink for the University of Southern California club hockey team , and was the site of the 2010 PAC-8 Hockey Conference Tournament , hosted by USC .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "727ede2d4889f1ce1faad7fdd093d47d", "text": "ASIFA-Hollywood ASIFA-Hollywood , an American non-profit organization in Los Angeles , California , United States , is a branch member of the `` Association Internationale du Film d'Animation '' or `` ASIFA '' ( the International Animated Film Association ) . Its purpose is to promote the art of film animation in a variety of ways , including its own archive and an annual awards presentation , the Annie Awards . It is also known as the International Animated Film Society . Many branches of ASIFA exist throughout the world ; in the US there are chapters in San Francisco , New York City , Atlanta , Seattle , Washington , the Detroit area , and others , while internationally , organizations exist in Annecy , France , in Italy , and Japan . ASIFA also sponsors several animation film festivals throughout the world , including the ASIFA-Hollywood Student Animation Festival . ASIFA-Hollywood has the largest membership internationally of all other chapters , largely because the most popular cartoons ever produced were by studios and animation professionals located in the city of Burbank , which is also the location of the ASIFA-Hollywood Animation Center . It includes a virtual archive , museum , library and research facility , containing the ASIFA-Hollywood Animation Archive Project .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6171ad9e66b5b119b5b4b469735fe8ca", "text": "The Walt Disney Company CIS The Walt Disney Company CIS , LLC is one of The Walt Disney Company 's international divisions . The Walt Disney Company CIS was founded in April 2006 . It is headquartered in Moscow , the capital of Russia . In 2007 , Walt Disney Company CIS and Sony Pictures Russia created the joint venture of Walt Disney Studios Sony Pictures Releasing CIS . The company owns and operates Russian versions of Disney Channel and Playhouse Disney . Disney Channel was originally planned to launch in 2009 , but a Disney Americas deal with Media-One Holdings was denied by Russian authorities . The Walt Disney Company CIS produced the film The Book of Masters . Marina Zhigalova-Ozkan is head of The Walt Disney Company CIS . The Walt Disney Company CIS planned to make two new films in the summer of 2011 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d10140f7831fb9f288404490f80c7cde", "text": "The Magic Kingdom: Walt Disney and the American Way of Life The Magic Kingdom : Walt Disney and the American Way of Life is a non-fiction book by Steven Watts .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ae2dd157beb191ef7d9622412342919", "text": "Timeline of The Walt Disney Company This is a timeline of The Walt Disney Company , listing notable business events for the organization .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ace6a476043d9581f4609768cbe0975b", "text": "Disney Springs Disney Springs ( previously known as Lake Buena Vista Shopping Village in 1975 , Walt Disney World Village in 1977 , Disney Village Marketplace in 1989 , and Downtown Disney in 1997 ) is an outdoor shopping , dining , and entertainment complex at the Walt Disney World Resort in Bay Lake , Florida , near Orlando . The complex opened on March 22 , 1975 , and has been expanded and renamed at other times over the years , until 2013 , when plans were announced for a three-year renovation and expansion of the complex , and on September 29 , 2015 , the name officially changed to Disney Springs . The complex includes four distinct areas : Marketplace , The Landing , Town Center , and West Side . Buses and water taxis operated by Disney Transport provide transportation between Disney Springs and other areas of Walt Disney World .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "40959f8d3abb23b5b06a6c913ab273ac", "text": "Animation studio An animation studio is a company producing animated media . The broadest such companies conceive of products to produce , own the physical equipment for production , employ operators for that equipment , and hold a major stake in the sales or rentals of the media produced . They also own rights over merchandising and creative rights for characters created/held by the company , much like authors holding copyrights . In some early cases , they also held patent rights over methods of animation used in certain studios that were used for boosting productivity . Overall , they are business concerns and can function as such in legal terms . Currently there are about 201 animation studios dedicated to the production and distribution of animated films that are active . Few are actual production house where as others are corporate entities . Many of these animation studios help with the fulfillment of animation works for big brand names and have carried out outsourced projects including Nemo .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a913a508bcb016d99cd6c7e4975a6a1", "text": "Major film studio A major film studio is a production and film distributor that releases a substantial number of films annually and consistently commands a significant share of box office revenue in a given market . In the North American , Western , and global markets , the major film studios , often simply known as the majors , are commonly regarded as the six diversified media conglomerates whose various film production and distribution subsidiaries collectively command approximately 80 to 85 percent of U.S. and Canadian box office revenue . The term may also be applied more specifically to the primary motion picture business subsidiary of each respective conglomerate . The `` Big Six '' majors , whose operations are based in or around the Los Angeles neighborhood of Hollywood , are all centered in film studios active during Hollywood 's Golden Age of the 1930s and 1940s . In three cases -- 20th Century Fox , Warner Bros. , and Paramount -- the studios were one of the `` Big Five '' majors during that era as well . In two cases -- Columbia and Universal -- the studios were also considered majors , but in the next tier down , part of the `` Little Three '' . In the sixth case , Walt Disney Studios was an independent production company during the Golden Age ; it was an important Hollywood entity , but not a major . Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , United Artists , and RKO were majors . Today , Disney is the only member of the Big Six whose parent entity is still located near Los Angeles ( actually , on Disney 's studio lot and in the same building ) . The five others report to conglomerates headquartered in New York City , Philadelphia , and Tokyo . Of the Big Six , Paramount is the only one still based in Hollywood , and Paramount and Fox are the only ones still located within the Los Angeles city limits , while Disney and Warner Bros. are located in Burbank , Columbia in Culver City , and Universal in the unincorporated area of Universal City . Most of today 's Big Six control subsidiaries with their own distribution networks that concentrate on arthouse pictures ( e.g. Fox Searchlight Pictures ) or genre films ( e.g. Sony 's Screen Gems ) ; several of these specialty units were shut down or sold off between 2008 and 2010 . The six major studios are contrasted with smaller production and/or distribution companies , which are known as independents or `` indies '' . The leading independent producer/distributors -- Lionsgate Films , The Weinstein Company , and former major studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer -- are sometimes referred to as `` mini-majors '' . From 1998 through 2005 , DreamWorks SKG commanded a large enough market share to arguably qualify it as a seventh major , despite its relatively small output . In 2006 , DreamWorks was acquired by Viacom , Paramount 's corporate parent . In late 2008 , DreamWorks once again became an independent production company ; its films were distributed by Disney 's Touchstone Pictures until 2016 , at which point distribution switched to Universal . The Big Six major studios are today primarily backers and distributors of films whose actual production is largely handled by independent companies -- either long-running entities or ones created for and dedicated to the making of a specific film . The specialty divisions often simply acquire distribution rights to pictures in which the studio has had no prior involvement . While the majors still do a modicum of true production , their activities are focused more in the areas of development , financing , marketing , and merchandising . Those business functions are still usually performed in or near Los Angeles , even though the runaway production phenomenon means that most films are now mostly or completely shot on location at places outside Los Angeles . Since the dawn of filmmaking , the U.S. major film studios have dominated both American cinema and the global film industry . U.S. studios have benefited from a strong first-mover advantage in that they were the first to industrialize filmmaking and master the art of mass-producing and distributing high-quality films with broad cross-cultural appeal . Today , the Big Six majors routinely distribute hundreds of films every year into all significant international markets ( that is , where discretionary income is high enough for consumers to afford to watch films ) . It is very rare , if not impossible , for a film to reach a broad international audience on multiple continents and in multiple languages without first being picked up by one of the majors for distribution .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b6288fee2bd1021cbd3c2016ba584e22", "text": "Walt Disney Studios Walt Disney Studios may refer to : Walt Disney Studios ( division ) , the Walt Disney Company 's Studio Entertainment unit , which includes Disney 's motion picture studios , music labels , theatrical production company , and distribution companies . Walt Disney Studios ( Burbank ) , complex in Burbank , California , built in 1939 , which serves as the corporate headquarters for The Walt Disney Company . It is also a functioning film studio and hosts production facilities for Disney 's various entertainment businesses Walt Disney Animation Studios , the company 's main animation division . Animated films are released under the Walt Disney Pictures label Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , the primary theatrical film distributor of Disney films in the USA and abroad Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment , the primary home media distributor of Disney films in the USA and abroad", "title": "" }, { "docid": "69d5dff6683a5fe51daa0188e62199c0", "text": "Innoventions (Epcot) Innoventions is a museum at Epcot in Walt Disney World , Florida . It focuses on technological advancements and their practical applications in everyday life . Innoventions is a portmanteau of the words `` innovation '' and `` invention '' . Innoventions first opened in 1994 which prominently displayed Sega Genesis , Sega Game Gear , Sega 32X , Sega CD , and Sega Pico games in an arcade style . There were some `` virtual reality '' displays ( which was basically more advanced video games at the time ) . Innoventions in Epcot replaced the original tenant of its two semi-circular buildings , CommuniCore . Epcot 's version is divided into two buildings known as Innoventions East and Innoventions West . In 1999 , Innoventions had a major renovation for the park 's Millennium Celebration , and added the subtitle `` The Road to Tomorrow '' . In 2007-2008 Innoventions underwent another major renovation , dropped the subtitle `` Road to Tomorrow , '' and changed its general aesthetic again while also launching the companion website innoventions.disney.com .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1dc9bbc7a494e709e411d8b5e3bedc78", "text": "Mandalay Entertainment Mandalay Entertainment Group is an American entertainment company founded in 1995 by Peter Guber , with interests in motion pictures , television , sports entertainment and new media . The company has around 40 employees .", "title": "" } ]	fever
211f345c4ab1f4699d1d76928126fdb8	The Golden State Warriors started playing basketball in 1971.	[ { "docid": "eefe587f4a33b8e7ca3c31a67c36ef64", "text": "Golden State Warriors The Golden State Warriors are an American professional basketball team based in Oakland , California . The Warriors compete in the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) as a member of the league 's Western Conference Pacific Division . The team was established in 1946 as the Philadelphia Warriors based in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , a founding member of the Basketball Association of America ( BAA ) . In 1962 , the franchise relocated to the San Francisco Bay Area and was renamed the San Francisco Warriors . In 1971 , the team changed its geographic moniker to Golden State , California 's state nickname . Since 1971 , the team 's home court has been the Oracle Arena in Oakland . The team is nicknamed the `` Dubs . '' The Warriors have reached nine NBA Finals , winning four NBA championships in 1947 , 1956 , 1975 and most recently in 2015 when they defeated the Cleveland Cavaliers . Golden State 's four NBA championships are the fifth most in history behind only the Boston Celtics ( 17 ) , Los Angeles Lakers ( 16 ) , Chicago Bulls ( 6 ) and San Antonio Spurs ( 5 ) . Wilt Chamberlain and Stephen Curry have both been named the NBA 's Most Valuable Player while playing for the Warriors , for a total of three MVP awards . Golden State holds the NBA record for best regular season with 73 -- 9 and most combined wins in a season ( regular season and postseason ) with 88 wins .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "572aaac7ec5792f4f1dc87ecbd50e31f", "text": "2017–18 Golden State Warriors season The 2017 -- 18 Golden State Warriors season will be the 72nd season of the franchise in the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) , and its 56th in the San Francisco Bay Area .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0e4fc2bccc1c030009b9a6990dc042b3", "text": "1972–73 ABA season The 1972 -- 73 ABA season was the sixth season of the American Basketball Association . The Pittsburgh Condors and the The Floridians had folded , leaving the league with nine teams . However , the ABA decided to ( for the first and only time ) award an expansion franchise to Dr. Leonard Bloom ( President and CEO of the United States Capital Corporation ) for $ 1 million to play in San Diego , California , named the San Diego Conquistadors ( however due to a feud they would not play in San Diego Sports Arena , instead playing at Peterson Gym ) . Subsequently , this meant that the Memphis Tams ( formerly the Memphis Pros ) would move to the Eastern Division . Once again , the best regular season team did not win the ABA Finals , with the Indiana Pacers ( who had the 4th best record ) , won the ABA Championship , led by Playoffs MVP George McGinnis .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1fdf15ed16a6035bb0300cadd1d9a966", "text": "Larry Steele Larry Nelson Steele ( born May 5 , 1949 ) is a former professional basketball player , best known for being on the Portland Trail Blazers team that won the 1977 NBA Finals . Born in Greencastle , Indiana , Steele grew up in Bainbridge , Indiana , and played collegiately at the University of Kentucky under coach Adolph Rupp . As a junior at Bainbridge High School , he had a high game of 46 points and 38 points as a high game during senior year . He scored a total of 1,646 high school points . His senior year he was selected All-County , All-Sectional , All-Regional , All - Semi-State , Indianapolis News 1st Team All-State , and a member of the Indiana All-Star Team . At the University of Kentucky , he was a three-year starter , averaging 13.1 points , 6.7 rebounds , and 3.9 assists per game . He was selected 1st Team All-SEC twice , Co-captain , MVP , Leadership Award , Hustle Award , led the UK team in assists and free throws . In 2003 , he was inducted into the Indiana Basketball Hall of Fame . As a junior in 1970 , Steele earned 3rd team UPI/Coaches All-SEC honors and in 1971 as a senior 2nd team AP and 3rd team UPI/Coaches All-SEC honors . He was drafted by the Trail Blazers in 1971 , with the 2nd pick in the 3rd round ( 37th overall ) and by the Kentucky Colonels in the 1971 American Basketball Association draft . In 1974 he was drafted again by the Kentucky Colonels in the 5th round of the ABA draft of NBA players . He joined the Trail Blazers at the start of the Blazers ' second season and became a roster mainstay for nine years before injuries forced him into retirement at the end of the 1979 -- 80 season . His 610 games in a Portland uniform ranks sixth on the club 's all-time list . Steele played his entire NBA career for the team ( retiring from basketball at the end of the 1979 -- 80 season ) . Steele led the NBA in steals in the 1973 -- 74 NBA season -- the first year steals were recorded by the league with 2.68 swipes per game . He played 20.7 MPG on the 1977 championship team ( starting in only nine games ) averaging 10.3 points per game . During his nine-year NBA career , all with the Trail Blazers , he averaged 8.2 points , 2.9 assists , 1.39 steals and 24.2 minutes while starting 337 games . His Trailblazers jersey number ( 15 ) was retired by the team on October 11 , 1981 and he was selected as a member of the Indiana Basketball Hall of Fame 's 1992 Silver Anniversary Team . In 2003 , he was inducted into the Indiana Basketball Hall of Fame . After his playing days , he worked in the Blazers front office in marketing and served as a commentator with broadcaster Bill Schonely . Steele later worked as a broadcaster for the NBA on CBS and as a head coach at the University of Portland from 1987 to 1994 . He currently runs a basketball camp in Vernonia , Oregon .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ee92f56ea9ba2b65e427337de74057ed", "text": "NBA Most Valuable Player Award The National Basketball Association Most Valuable Player ( MVP ) is an annual National Basketball Association ( NBA ) award given since the 1955 -- 56 season to the best performing player of the regular season . The winner receives the Maurice Podoloff Trophy , which is named in honor of the first commissioner ( then president ) of the NBA , who served from 1946 until 1963 . Until the , the MVP was selected by a vote of NBA players . Since the , the award is decided by a panel of sportswriters and broadcasters throughout the United States and Canada , each of whom casts a vote for first to fifth place selections . Each first-place vote is worth 10 points ; each second-place vote is worth seven ; each third-place vote is worth five , fourth-place is worth three and fifth-place is worth one . Starting from 2010 , one ballot was cast by fans through online voting . The player with the highest point total wins the award . , the current holder of the award is Stephen Curry , who won both the 2015 and 2016 MVP Awards . Every player who has won this award and has been eligible for the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame has been inducted . Kareem Abdul-Jabbar won the award a record six times . Both Bill Russell and Michael Jordan won the award five times , while Wilt Chamberlain and LeBron James won the award four times . Russell and James are the only players to have won the award four times in five seasons . Moses Malone , Larry Bird and Magic Johnson each won the award three times , while Bob Pettit , Karl Malone , Tim Duncan , Steve Nash and Stephen Curry have each won it twice . Only two rookies have won the award : Wilt Chamberlain in the and Wes Unseld in the 1968 -- 69 season . Hakeem Olajuwon of Nigeria , Tim Duncan of the U.S. Virgin Islands , Steve Nash of Canada and Dirk Nowitzki of Germany are the only MVP winners considered `` international players '' by the NBA . Stephen Curry in 2015 -- 16 is the only player to have won the award unanimously . Shaquille O'Neal in 1999 -- 2000 and LeBron James in 2012 -- 13 are the only two players to have fallen one vote shy of a unanimous selection , both receiving 120 of 121 votes . Since the , every winner was from a team that won at least 50 games in the regular season that year.Except for seasons affected by lockouts , when the schedule was shortened from the norm of 82 games . Karl Malone won in 1998 -- 99 when Utah was 37 -- 13 in 50 games , which projected to 60 wins in 82 games . James won in 2011 -- 12 when the Miami Heat were 46 -- 20 in 66 games , which projected to 57 wins .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9f7dad81d9d441374cc4da5a2411e21d", "text": "List of National Basketball Association annual statistical leaders Every year , the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) awards titles to various leaders in the five basketball statistical categories -- points , rebounds , assists , steals , and blocked shots . Both the scoring title and the assists title were recognized in the 1946 -- 47 season , when the league played its first season . The rebounding title was recognized in the 1950 -- 51 season . Both the steals title and the blocks title were recognized in the 1973 -- 74 season .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7eefde00047e14008a809ab3f4508a88", "text": "History of basketball The history of basketball began with its invention in 1891 in Springfield , Massachusetts by Canadian physical education instructor James Naismith as a less injury-prone sport than football . The game became established fairly quickly and grew very popular as the 20th century progressed , first in America and then throughout the world . After basketball became established in American colleges , the professional game followed . The American National Basketball Association ( NBA ) , established in 1946 , grew to a multibillion-dollar enterprise by the end of the century , and basketball became an integral part of American culture .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6234ccb21b4a22a612ada7f1ad78799f", "text": "1971 NBA All-Star Game The 1971 NBA All-Star Game was played at the San Diego Sports Arena , in San Diego , California , on January 12 , 1971 . The coach for the East team was Red Holzman and the West team was coached by Larry Costello . Officials for the game were Mendy Rudolph and Ed T. Rush . The announced attendance was 14,378 . West beat the East 108 -- 107 . Lenny Wilkens was named the game 's Most valuable player .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "baf274a226afee908e150ae58eb9a170", "text": "Tom Meschery Thomas Nicholas Meschery ( born Tomislav Nikolayevich Meshcheryakov ; October 26 , 1938 ) is a Russian American former professional basketball player . He was a power forward with a 10-year National Basketball Association career from 1961 to 1971 . He played for the Philadelphia/San Francisco Warriors and the Seattle SuperSonics . He led the league in personal fouls in 1962 and played in the 1963 NBA All-Star Game . His jersey , number 14 , was retired by the Warriors .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9a02bd0fac509fbe56b0ea1b26b7e86c", "text": "Rick Welts Rick Welts ( born ) is an American sports executive , serving as the President and Chief of Operations for the Golden State Warriors franchise of the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) . Prior to that post , Welts had also served as the President and Chief Executive Officer of the Phoenix Suns from July 2002 until September 9 , 2011 . From 1996 to 1999 , he was the third-highest-ranking official in the NBA as its Executive Vice President and Chief Marketing Officer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "80c42c58db5e29e576ec714ae4dd5365", "text": "Wayne Cooper (basketball) Artis Wayne Cooper ( born November 16 , 1956 ) is a retired American professional basketball player . He was born in Milan , Georgia . Cooper was selected by the Golden State Warriors in the second round ( 40th overall ) of the 1978 NBA draft . A 6 ft 10 in ( 2.1 m ) forward-center from the University of New Orleans , Cooper played in 14 NBA seasons from 1978 to 1992 . He played for the Warriors , Utah Jazz , Dallas Mavericks , Portland Trail Blazers and Denver Nuggets . In his NBA career , Cooper played in 984 games and scored a total of 7,777 points . His best season as a professional came during the 1985-86 NBA season as a member of the Nuggets , appearing in 78 games and averaging 13.1 ppg .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d3c786f56005a276f61e74289053fd1f", "text": "1970–71 Phoenix Suns season The 1970 -- 71 Phoenix Suns season was the third season for the Phoenix Suns of the National Basketball Association . Head coach Cotton Fitzsimmons lead the Suns , in the NBA 's first season which separated the teams into both conferences and divisions as the league continued to gain more teams . It was the first season the Suns would be without the services of All-Star guard Gail Goodrich . With a 48 -- 34 record ( fourth best in the league ) , the Suns set the NBA record for the team with the best winning percentage not to make the playoffs . The team would break their own record the next year with a 49 -- 33 finish . All home games were played at Arizona Veterans Memorial Coliseum . The Suns were led in scoring by Dick Van Arsdale with 21.9 points per game . Connie Hawkins finished the season averaging 20.9 points and 9.1 rebounds per contest . Paul Silas led the Suns with 12.5 rebounds per game , the highest-ever average in Suns history , while Neal Walk garnered 8.2 rebounds to go with his 12.9 points a game . Goodrich , a native of Los Angeles and who played college ball at UCLA , was traded before the season back to the Los Angeles Lakers , where he had played before being acquired in the expansion draft of 1968 . In exchange , the Suns obtained the 29-year-old 7-footer Mel Counts , who was coming off a career-high 12.6 average in points . Goodrich would go on to play nine more seasons in the NBA , six of those with the Lakers . During those six years , he would average 22.3 points per game , appear in four All-Star Games and be named to an All-NBA First Team . Meanwhile , Counts averaged 11 points and 6.3 rebounds in his first of two seasons with the Suns .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bd657177fa9aa864145c882f5141a85e", "text": "List of National Basketball Association player-coaches A player-coach is a member of team who simultaneously holds both playing and coaching duties . The term can be used to refer to both players who serve as head coaches or as assistant coaches . In the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) , there have been 40 players who also served as their teams ' head coaches at the same time . The NBA was founded in 1946 as the Basketball Association of America ( BAA ) . The league adopted its current name at the start of the when it merged with the National Basketball League ( NBL ) . After the salary cap was instituted in , the NBA has prohibited teams from employing a player-coach . The ruling was established to avoid the possibility that a team would circumvent the cap by signing a player as a player-coach , as coaches ' salaries are not counted under the cap . Ed Sadowski was the first player-coach in the league . In the BAA 's inaugural season , he played for the Toronto Huskies and also served as the team 's first head coach . Buddy Jeannette was the first player-coach to win the championship ; he won the 1948 BAA Finals with the Baltimore Bullets . Bill Russell is the only other player-coach who has won the championship , as well as the only player-coach to win multiple championships . In , he took over the Boston Celtics ' head coaching duties from Red Auerbach , becoming the first African American head coach in the league . He served as the Celtics ' player-coach for three seasons , winning two consecutive NBA championships in 1968 and 1969 . Dave DeBusschere became the youngest head coach in the league 's history when he was appointed as the Detroit Pistons ' player-coach at the age of 24 in . He held the position for three seasons before returning to a full-time player in . Dave Cowens is the last player-coach in the league . He coached the Celtics in the before relinquishing his coaching duty to focus on his playing career . Richie Guerin had coached 372 games as a player-coach , the most among the other player-coaches . He was the player-coach of the St. Louis / Atlanta Hawks for five seasons , from to and from to . Before the , he retired from playing to become a full-time head coach . However , he came back from retirement to play in the following two seasons while still serving as the Hawks ' head coach . Lenny Wilkens , who is in second place for highest number of games as a player-coach , was the only player-coach who has been employed by more than one team . He spent three seasons as the Seattle SuperSonics ' player-coach and one season as the Portland Trail Blazers ' player-coach . He is the only player-coach who has been inducted to the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame as both a player and a coach . Other than Wilkens , twelve player-coaches have been inducted as players while two player-coaches have been inducted as coaches . The Coach of the Year Award was never won by a player-coach . Wilkens went on to become the longest-tenured head coach in the league . In addition to 4 seasons as a player-coach , he spent another 28 seasons as a head coach , winning an NBA championship in 1979 . San Francisco Warriors player-coach Al Attles retired from playing duty in 1971 , but continued to coach the Warriors for another 12 seasons , leading them to an NBA championship in 1975 . Alex Hannum , Red Holzman and Kevin Loughery , who served as player-coaches for less than a season , had a lengthy coaching career in the NBA which lasted more than 10 seasons . Hannum spent 11 seasons as a full-time head coach , winning two NBA championships with two different teams . Holzman coached the Hawks for 4 seasons , including a season as a player-coach , and the New York Knicks for 14 seasons . He led the latter to two NBA championships . Loughery served as the head coach for six NBA teams during his 18-year coaching career , including a year as a player-coach . Wilkens and Holzman were named among the Top 10 Coaches in NBA History announced at the league 's 50th anniversary in 1996 . Wilkens , along with Bob Cousy , Dave Cowens , Dave DeBusschere , Bob Pettit , Bill Russell and Dolph Schayes , were named to the list of the 50 Greatest Players in NBA History , which was also announced at the league 's 50th anniversary .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "37cd651896a6068d23c2db2365bb6ee4", "text": "1970 ABA Playoffs The 1970 ABA Playoffs was the postseason tournament of the American Basketball Association 's 1969-1970 season . The tournament concluded with the Eastern Division champion Indiana Pacers defeating the Western Division champion Los Angeles Stars , four games to two in the ABA Finals . The Indiana Pacers finished the season with the league 's best regular season record ( 59-25 , .702 ) before going on to win the ABA championship . This same feat was accomplished by the Oakland Oaks during the prior season and by the Pittsburgh Pipers in the year before that . The Pacers became the first ABA champions to return in the same form for the following season . The Oakland Oaks became the Washington Caps for the 1969-1970 ABA season ; the Pittsburgh Pipers had become the Minnesota Pipers after winning the ABA championship the prior season . Roger Brown of Indiana was the Most Valuable Player of the ABA playoffs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "804b2e4a0157f72d4e379105a11592b2", "text": "1968 NBA All-Star Game The 1968 NBA All-Star Game was an exhibition basketball game which was played at Madison Square Garden in New York City , January 23 , 1968 . Coaches : East : Alex Hannum , West : Bill Sharman . Officials : Mendy Rudolph and Don Murphy MVP : Hal Greer Attendance : 18,422", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7e350f005edca5715cb60a072f676ccd", "text": "1985–86 Golden State Warriors season The 1985-86 NBA season was the Warriors ' 40th season in the NBA and 23rd in the San Francisco Bay Area .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2216a9af7e10ab8922c3e2a96f54adb9", "text": "1996–97 Philadelphia 76ers season The 1996 -- 97 NBA season was the 76ers 48th season in the National Basketball Association , and 34th season in Philadelphia . After two seasons at Georgetown , point guard Allen Iverson was selected first overall by the Philadelphia 76ers in the 1996 NBA draft . Iverson quickly established himself as one of the premier point guards in the NBA averaging 23.5 points per game . He was named 1997 Rookie of the Year and was a member of the NBA All-Rookie First Team . During the offseason , the Sixers acquired Don MacLean from the Denver Nuggets and signed free agents Mark Davis , Lucious Harris and Michael Cage . The Sixers played around .500 in November with a 7 -- 8 start to the season . However , they struggled and lost 23 of their next 24 games , including 11 and 13-game losing streaks posted respectively . The Sixers lost ten of their final eleven games , and finished sixth in the Atlantic Division with a 22 -- 60 record . The team also moved into the new 20,000 plus seat CoreStates Center ( now the Wells Fargo Center ) , after calling The Spectrum home from 1967 to 1996 . Head coach Johnny Davis and General Manager Brad Greenburg were both fired after Iverson 's first season with the club . Following the season , MacLean , Harris and Cage were all traded to the New Jersey Nets .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9c71ee3c0b6a46616f8eb67ea3099f78", "text": "John Fairchild John Fairchild ( born April 28 , 1943 ) is a retired American basketball player . Born in Encinitas , California , Fairchild played high school basketball at San Dieguito High School ( class of 1961 ) and college basketball at Brigham Young University . Fairchild was drafted by the Los Angeles Lakers with the 8th pick of the 2nd round ( 16th overall pick ) of the 1965 NBA draft . He played for the Lakers during the 1965 -- 66 NBA season . Fairchild later played in the American Basketball Association as a 6 ' 8 '' forward for the Anaheim Amigos ( 1967 -- 68 ) , averaging 10.9 points per game . Fairchild later played for the Denver Rockets ( 1968 -- 69 season ) , Indiana Pacers ( 1968 -- 69 and 1969 -- 1970 seasons ) and Kentucky Colonels ( 1969 -- 1970 season ) . He was a member of the Pacers team that was the ABA runner-up in 1969 and the subsequent team that won the 1970 ABA Championship .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0bf09ced7d6eddca82fc7763707adb0d", "text": "1976 ABA Dispersal Draft On August 5 , 1976 , as a result of the ABA -- NBA merger , the NBA hosted a dispersal draft to select players from the Kentucky Colonels and Spirits of St. Louis , the two American Basketball Association ( ABA ) franchises that were not included in the ABA -- NBA merger . The eighteen NBA teams and the four ABA teams that joined the NBA , the Denver Nuggets , Indiana Pacers , New York Nets and San Antonio Spurs , were allowed to participate in the draft . The teams selected in reverse order of their win -- loss percentage in the previous NBA and ABA seasons . The team that made a selection paid for the signing rights to the player , which were set by the league 's committee . The money from the draft was used to help the four ABA teams that merged with the NBA to pay off some of their obligations to the two folded ABA franchises , the Colonels and Spirits . The team that made a selection was obligated to assume the player 's ABA contract . The players who were not selected would become free agents . Twenty players from the Colonels and the Spirits were available for the draft . Eleven were selected in the first round and the twelfth player was selected in the second round . Eight players were not selected and thus became a free agent . The Chicago Bulls used the first pick to select five-time ABA All-Star Artis Gilmore with a signing price of $ 1,100,000 . The Portland Trail Blazers , who acquired the Atlanta Hawks ' second pick , selected Maurice Lucas and Moses Malone with signing price of $ 300,000 and $ 350,000 respectively . Marvin Barnes , who was selected fourth by the Detroit Pistons was the second most expensive player in the draft with a signing price of $ 500,000 . Several teams elected to pass their first-round picks and only the Kansas City Kings used the second-round pick . The draft continued until the third round , but no other players were selected .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "da4277598f81ce4dd04f958739997763", "text": "Los Angeles Lakers The Los Angeles Lakers are an American professional basketball team based in Los Angeles . The Lakers compete in the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) , as a member of the league 's Western Conference Pacific Division . The Lakers play their home games at Staples Center , an arena shared with the NBA 's Los Angeles Clippers , the Los Angeles Sparks of the Women 's National Basketball Association , and the Los Angeles Kings of the National Hockey League . The Lakers are one of the most successful teams in the history of the NBA , and have won 16 NBA championships , their last being in 2010 . As of 2015 , the Lakers are the second most valuable franchise in the NBA according to Forbes , having an estimated value of $ 2.7 billion . The franchise began with the 1947 purchase of a disbanded team , the Detroit Gems of the National Basketball League ( NBL ) . The new team began playing in Minneapolis , calling themselves the Minneapolis Lakers in honor of the state 's nickname , `` Land of 10,000 Lakes '' . Initially a member of the NBL , the Lakers won the 1948 NBL championship before joining the rival Basketball Association of America and winning five of the next six BAA and NBA championships in Minneapolis after the NBA formed in 1949 . The team was propelled by center George Mikan , who is described by the NBA 's official website as the league 's `` first superstar '' . After struggling financially in the late 1950s following Mikan 's retirement , they relocated to Los Angeles before the 1960 -- 61 season . Led by Hall of Famers Elgin Baylor and Jerry West , Los Angeles made the NBA Finals six times in the 1960s , but lost each series to the Boston Celtics , beginning their long and storied rivalry . In 1968 , the Lakers acquired four-time NBA Most Valuable Player ( MVP ) Wilt Chamberlain to play center , and after losing in the Finals in 1969 and 1970 , they won their sixth NBA title -- and first in Los Angeles -- in 1972 , led by new head coach Bill Sharman . After the retirement of West and Chamberlain , the team acquired another center , Kareem Abdul-Jabbar , who had won multiple MVP awards , but was unable to make the Finals in the late 1970s . The 1980s Lakers were nicknamed `` Showtime '' due to their Magic Johnson-led fast break-offense , and won five championships in a 9-year span , including their first ever Finals championship against the Celtics in 1985 . This team featured Hall of Famers in Johnson , Abdul-Jabbar , and James Worthy , and a Hall of Fame coach , Pat Riley . After Abdul-Jabbar and Johnson 's retirement , the team struggled in the early 1990s before acquiring Shaquille O'Neal and Kobe Bryant in 1996 . Led by O'Neal , Bryant , and another Hall of Fame coach , Phil Jackson , Los Angeles won three consecutive titles between 2000 to 2002 , securing the franchise its second `` three-peat '' . After losing both the 2004 and 2008 NBA Finals , the Lakers won two more championships by defeating the Orlando Magic in 2009 and Boston in 2010 . The Lakers hold the record for NBA 's longest winning streak , 33 straight games , set during the 1971 -- 72 season . 21 Hall of Famers have played for Los Angeles , while four have coached the team . Four Lakers -- Abdul-Jabbar , Johnson , O'Neal , and Bryant -- have won the NBA MVP Award for a total of eight awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c0be58a585e4507649d469c217ea3e6f", "text": "2002 NBA Finals The 2002 NBA Finals was the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) 's championship series for the 2001 -- 02 season . The best-of-seven playoff was contested between the Western Conference champion Los Angeles Lakers ( who were also two-time defending NBA champions ) , and the Eastern Conference champion New Jersey Nets . The Lakers swept the Nets four games to none to win the franchise 's 14th NBA championship . The 56th edition of the championship series was played between June 5 and June 12 and was broadcast on NBC -- the ( to date ) last NBA games broadcast on the network . Shaquille O'Neal , who averaged 36 points and 12 rebounds in the Finals , was named the NBA Finals Most Valuable Player . Lakers coach Phil Jackson won his ninth ring , tying him with Red Auerbach for most all-time . During the series , he surpassed Pat Riley for most career playoffs wins with 156 . Will Lyman narrated the season-ending documentary for NBA Entertainment .", "title": "" } ]	fever
4e5e38113e440136df45d0637b683978	Stone Temple Pilots had an original member that was an American guitarist.	[ { "docid": "cbe76170e56b847f088f8e49cfc1dace", "text": "Stone Temple Pilots Stone Temple Pilots ( sometimes abbreviated as STP ) are an American rock band from San Diego , California , that originally consisted of Scott Weiland ( lead vocals ) , brothers Dean ( guitar ) and Robert DeLeo ( bass , backing vocals ) , and Eric Kretz ( drums ) . Since the band 's formation in 1989 , its line-up remained unchanged until the firing of Weiland in 2013 , who was replaced by Linkin Park vocalist Chester Bennington . In 2015 , Bennington left the band to focus solely on Linkin Park . On December 3 , 2015 , Weiland was found dead on his tour bus prior to a performance with his band The Wildabouts . In 2016 , the band launched an online audition for a new lead vocalist . After forming in 1989 under the name Mighty Joe Young , the band signed with Atlantic Records and changed its name to Stone Temple Pilots . The band found immediate success in 1993 upon releasing their debut album , Core ( 1992 ) , and went on to become one of the most commercially successful bands of the 1990s . The band released four more studio albums : Purple ( 1994 ) , Tiny Music ... Songs from the Vatican Gift Shop ( 1996 ) , No. 4 ( 1999 ) and Shangri-La Dee Da ( 2001 ) , before separating in 2002 , after which the band members partook in various projects ( most notably Velvet Revolver and Army of Anyone ) . The band eventually reconvened in 2008 for a reunion tour , released a new self-titled album in 2010 , and actively toured until Chester Bennington 's departure . The band 's only material with Bennington was the EP High Rise in 2013 . While initially displaying a sound typically identified as grunge early on in its career , further releases from the band expressed a variety of influences , including psychedelic rock , bossa nova and classic rock . The band 's evolution throughout the 1990s and early 2000s involved several tumultuous periods of commercial highs and lows , brought about in part by Weiland 's well-publicized struggles with drug addiction .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bc83985b21ae7b1a60c4cf58ed999e4b", "text": "Dean DeLeo Dean DeLeo ( born August 23 , 1961 in Montclair , New Jersey ) is an American guitarist known for his work with rock band Stone Temple Pilots . Dean is also known for his role in the short-lived bands Talk Show and Army of Anyone . He is the older brother of Robert DeLeo , who plays bass for Stone Temple Pilots . DeLeo 's playing has received strong critical acclaim over the years . Stone Temple Pilots ' second album , Purple , released in 1994 , was ranked at # 73 on Guitar World 's 100 Greatest Guitar Albums of All-time list .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "6ea5c73bef2af8c16b0720cc14ff4064", "text": "Randy Parsons Randy Parsons is an American luthier whose client list includes Jack White , Jimmy Page , Sammy Hagar , Death Cab for Cutie , Peter Frampton , Joe Perry , and Modest Mouse . Parsons has a reputation for using hand tools and traditional methods of guitar building in order to make his work more authentic and personal . His approach is to treat each new guitar like it 's a one-of-a-kind sculpture , and he embraces construction techniques used in the '50s , '60s and '70s . He does not use newer technologies such as CNC machines , plek and fret machines . He is also known for using atypical items in his guitars , such as bones , skulls and other organic materials . Parsons created a line of high-end electric guitars built from recycled car tires , newspapers , non-endangered woods and ceramics . Parsons creates unique finishes and treatments on his guitars . Parsons used peach colored rose petals that were dried in books and painstakingly applied to the guitar body for the model known as Peach Thief , which was built for singer/songwriter Karen Elson . Despite starting with no training as a luthier , he has built a business with five different shops . Until 2013 he worked out of his main shop in Seattle , which was run by five women , three of whom are luthiers . In August 2013 , Parsons moved with his main shop to Ventura , California . Parsons has made 5 guitars for Jack White . White hired Parsons to have a custom Gretsch guitar made rather than working directly with the Gretsch Guitar Company . White wanted the color of the guitar to be copper for the Raconteurs . White 's ideas were integrated into the guitar which would be known as the Triple Jet . The original guitar was painted a copper color . Parsons later suggested using a real copper top . Parsons built the Triple Jet III , which is now White 's number one guitar . Parsons and White are featured in the documentary `` It Might Get Loud , '' directed by Davis Guggenheim . A modified Gretsch Anniversary Jr. production model is introduced in the movie , which represents an interesting collaboration between White as a creative musician , and Parsons as a guitar builder . Parsons installed a coil from an industrial vacuum cleaner in this guitar named The Green Machine , so that the body could hold a retractable green bullet microphone that White pulls out to sing into . After seeing the movie , Gretsch Guitars asked Parsons to create his own signature guitar for them . Parsons built a dark , gothic , hot rod Gretsch prototype which uses dried red sunflower seed petals for the finish . A documentary short film about Parsons , Randy Parsons : American Luthier , premiered at the ITSA Film Festival at the Historic Sonoma Opera Hall on October 1 , 2011 . The film made its television debut on Public Television as part of Reel NW \| Season four . It was nominated for an Emmy Award in April , 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "96054ec7898692c219f49729f34a9a01", "text": "Greg Sage Gregory Vernon Sage ( born September 1 , 1952 ) is an American songwriter , guitarist , and vocalist , regarded as an important influence on many punk rock and post-punk artists . Between 1977 and 1988 , Sage was the principal songwriter of the influential Portland , Oregon-based band Wipers . The mood of Sage 's lyrics is frequently dark , and rife with references to confusion and severe alienation . His song structures often take unexpected turns and are typified by fractured melodic passages punctuated by massive , intricate guitar parts , usually played on a Gibson SG . Sage has been involved in music professionally since the age of 17 , when he worked on a full-length album by the professional wrestler Beauregarde ( Beauregard , 1971 ; re-released 2004 ) . Since the demise of Wipers , Sage has also recorded several albums as a solo musician and operates his own label , Zeno Records , based in Phoenix , Arizona . He also builds musical equipment , including his own studio . Sage is right hander , but plays left-handed guitar .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4144e62fd2b13da319d66e7f2f6d293c", "text": "Peter Keys Peter Pisarczyk ( born May 30 , 1965 ) , better known as Peter Keys is an American keyboardist . He is best known for his work with George Clinton in various P-Funk line-ups and as a member of Lynyrd Skynyrd since 2009 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e05cf80ac2618e2a3df13db8d3bc8254", "text": "Hollywood Fats Michael Leonard Mann ( March 17 , 1954 -- December 8 , 1986 ) , known as Hollywood Fats , was an American blues guitarist , active in Los Angeles , California .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e63184c7dd1f1531d94798984c3ac3ea", "text": "Jerry Garcia Jerome John Garcia ( August 1 , 1942 -- August 9 , 1995 ) was an American singer-songwriter and guitarist , best known for his work as the lead guitarist and as a vocalist with the band the Grateful Dead , which came to prominence during the counterculture era in the 1960s . Although he disavowed the role , Garcia was viewed by many as the leader or `` spokesman '' of the group . One of its founders , Garcia performed with the Grateful Dead for their entire thirty-year career ( 1965 -- 1995 ) . Garcia also founded and participated in a variety of side projects , including the Saunders -- Garcia Band ( with longtime friend Merl Saunders ) , the Jerry Garcia Band , Old and in the Way , the Garcia/Grisman acoustic duo , Legion of Mary , and the New Riders of the Purple Sage ( which Garcia co-founded with John Dawson and David Nelson ) . He also released several solo albums , and contributed to a number of albums by other artists over the years as a session musician . He was well known for his distinctive guitar playing and was ranked 13th in Rolling Stone 's `` 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time '' cover story . Later in life , Garcia was sometimes ill because of his diabetes , and in 1986 went into a diabetic coma that nearly cost him his life . Although his overall health improved somewhat after that , he also struggled with heroin and cocaine addictions , and was staying in a California drug rehabilitation facility when he died of a heart attack in August 1995 at the age of 53 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fbf4c2d1d235906349f9306b4eea0463", "text": "Michael Ray (guitarist) Michael Rea ( born April 4 , 1960 ) better known by his stage name Michael Ray is an American guitarist , songwriter and record producer . He was the lead guitarist for the punk rock band Plasmatics and for Wendy O. Williams solo projects . He also worked with hard rock band Kiss and toured with the English rock band Motörhead .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "04080019d2819e51b72964c23d08d88a", "text": "Jeff Newman (musician) Jeff Newman ( January 7 , 1942 -- April 7 , 2004 ) was an American country musician who played the pedal steel guitar . He was a veteran Nashville session player . A devoted teacher and player , Newman also wrote a column for the short-lived specialty magazine Steel Guitarist , appearing on the cover of the September 1979 issue . Newman was inducted into the Pedal Steel Hall of Fame in 1999 . Also an enthusiastic pilot , Newman died on April 7 , 2004 while trying to land an ultralight aircraft on a private runway near Watertown , Tennessee .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "28adcf0400cbd1bf709e7a5e4f52be87", "text": "Scott Henderson Scott Henderson ( born August 26 , 1954 ) is an American jazz fusion and blues guitarist best known for his work with the band Tribal Tech .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "142e1302de2f6c7387e955e19f247bda", "text": "Rob Stoner Robert David Rothstein ( April 20 , 1948 , Manhattan , New York City , NY ) , better known as Rob Stoner , is an American multi-instrumental musician .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ef0bb3da6a41d99a93c30d6c4e8f8e95", "text": "Joe English (musician) Joe English ( born February 7 , 1949 ) is an American musician , vocalist and songwriter who , during the 1970s , played drums in Paul McCartney 's band Wings and in the Southern Progressive Rock/Jazz group Sea Level , among others .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f5f60afa3d59b69298ad5ca90e608c76", "text": "John Frusciante discography The discography of John Frusciante , who is best known as the former guitarist of the rock band Red Hot Chili Peppers , consists of eleven solo albums and four EPs , as well as two albums with collaborators Joe Lally and Josh Klinghoffer under the name Ataxia and one EP and one album under the alias of Trickfinger . Frusciante left the Red Hot Chili Peppers in 1992 after he got tired of the growing success of the band . He released his first solo album , Niandra LaDes and Usually Just a T-Shirt , in 1994 on American Recordings . His second record , Smile From the Streets You Hold , was released in 1997 and later taken off the market at his request in 1999 . After returning to the Red Hot Chili Peppers in 1998 , Frusciante recorded Californication with the band and subsequently released his third solo album , To Record Only Water for Ten Days , in February 2001 on Warner Music Group . Red Hot Chili Peppers released By the Way in 2002 , with Frusciante taking a central role in the songwriting . Following the album 's tour , Frusciante released Shadows Collide with People in 2004 ; it became his first solo album to influence a music chart and is his only solo album to date featuring Chad Smith . In 2004 , Frusciante switched from Warner Brothers to the Record Collection label and released a series of six records in six months . Four of six included collaboration with multi-instrumentalist Josh Klinghoffer and the period produced collaborations with Fugazi members Joe Lally , Jerry Busher , and producer Ian McKaye . Frusciante began working with Omar Rodríguez-López in 2001 and has since collaborated on many recordings under both artists ' names . Frusciante also was considered an honorary member of The Mars Volta from 2002 to 2008 , occasionally performing live with the band from 2003 to 2006 . Frusciante served as executive producer on Rodríguez-López 's first film , released in 2010 , The Sentimental Engine Slayer , which was filmed in 2007 . In 2006 , the Red Hot Chili Peppers released their Grammy Award-winning double album Stadium Arcadium , their last to feature Frusciante as lead guitarist . Frusciante began work on his tenth solo record , The Empyrean , shortly thereafter and subsequently released the album in early 2009 . In December 2009 , Frusciante revealed that he had left Red Hot Chili Peppers more than a year earlier , during their hiatus . 2012 's Letur-Lefr EP and Sect In Sgt EP ( the latter recorded under the alias of Trickfinger ) , the full-length follow-up PBX Funicular Intaglio Zone , its experimental sequel , 2014 's Enclosure and his 2015 album , Trickfinger , his first full-length album recorded under alias Trickfinger , are his succeeding solo releases since leaving the Chili Peppers . Frusciante has also gone on to collaborate as Speed Dealer Moms with Venetian Snares , Swahili Blonde and Kimono Kult with his now former wife , Nicole Turley , and with the Black Knights .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f2323c203af40680b35ae2a75df8301d", "text": "Gary Myrick Gary Myrick is an American singer , songwriter and guitarist .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fff4801baca4167a26f66b8fe95af6ae", "text": "Kenny Edwards Kenneth Michael `` Kenny '' Edwards ( February 10 , 1946 -- August 18 , 2010 ) was an American singer , songwriter , bassist , guitarist , mandolinist , and session musician . He was a founding member of the Stone Poneys and Bryndle and a long-time collaborator with Linda Ronstadt and Karla Bonoff .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7b967d9fb6c50dd26ff93b0bbcaffe26", "text": "Purple (album) Purple is the second studio album by the American rock band Stone Temple Pilots , released on June 7 , 1994 by Atlantic Records . The album , building off the foundations laid by the band 's debut album Core , was a huge success for the band , debuting at # 1 on the Billboard 200 chart and remaining there for three weeks , eventually selling over six million copies . It spawned a number of successful singles -- `` Vasoline '' and `` Interstate Love Song '' both topped the Mainstream Rock Tracks chart and hit number 2 on the Modern Rock Tracks chart , while `` Big Empty '' also cracked the top ten on both charts . Lesser known album cuts `` Pretty Penny '' and `` Unglued '' were also released as promotional radio singles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "56567ab49c2c86c671d8dcf6eaa796b5", "text": "Anthony Gallo Anthony Gallo ( born April 10 , 1965 in Los Angeles ) is an American lead and rhythm guitarist who started at age 16 in the early 1980s punk scene . Gallo later progressed into heavy metal and rock as well as T.V. and Film . With a career spanning over 30 years Gallo played and recorded with New Regime , Los Cycos , Nick Menza ( Megadeth ) , Mike Muir , Suicidal Tendencies/Los Cycos , SIN 34 , Jon Nelson , Louiche Mayorga , Louis `` Loud Lou '' Hinzo ( Würm ) , D.H. Peligro ( Dead Kennedys ) , Tiny Bubz ( T.S.O.L. ) , Phil Campbell ( Motörhead ) , heavy metal act Cold Shot , guitarist Carlos Cavazo ( Ratt , Quiet Riot ) , James Bradley Jr. ( Crazy Town ) , Scott Weiland ( STP / Velvet Revolver ) , guitarist Christian Nesmith and Bullet Boys vocalist Marq Torien , and has appeared on Sons of Anarchy in Seasons 5 and 6 as a hang around , and Season 7 , the final Ride episode 9 , as an S.O.A. Indian Hills , Nevada charter member .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "446c40d507933f6d42a7b409f3e01bed", "text": "Dean Friedman Dean Friedman ( born May 23 , 1955 ) is an American singer-songwriter who plays piano , keyboard , guitar and other instruments , including the harmonica .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "496f24d87d433edb3454f7eabd2b245a", "text": "Shangri-La Dee Da Shangri-La Dee Da is the fifth studio album by American hard rock band Stone Temple Pilots . It was produced by Brendan O'Brien and released on June 19 , 2001 , by Atlantic Records .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a5b95c2c4047cc75f5af19b8bf405cac", "text": "Al Casey (rock guitarist) Alvin Wayne `` Al '' Casey ( October 26 , 1936 -- September 17 , 2006 ) was an American guitarist . He was mainly noted for his work as a session musician , but also released his own records and scored three Billboard Hot 100 hits in the United States . His contribution to the rockabilly genre has been recognized by the Rockabilly Hall of Fame .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "62ba4b47541642f3ecd47ec29069f7f7", "text": "Jim Adkins James Christopher `` Jim '' Adkins ( born November 10 , 1975 ) is an American rock musician . He is best known as the lead singer , songwriter , and lead guitarist of the rock band Jimmy Eat World .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "13122c973a76a90f2fb34b88b6559108", "text": "Richard Lloyd (guitarist) Richard Lloyd ( born October 25 , 1951 ) is an American guitarist , singer and songwriter , best known as a founding member of the rock band Television .", "title": "" } ]	fever
f566ea8b5f24c1415bab9ae138096736	Hayden Panettiere was in a film.	[ { "docid": "b55c7f3ebb4246b158a3b823b642dc8f", "text": "Hayden Panettiere Hayden Leslie Panettiere ( born August 21 , 1989 ) is an American actress , model , singer , and activist . She is known for her roles as cheerleader Claire Bennet on the NBC sci-fi series Heroes ( 2006 -- 10 ) , Juliette Barnes in the ABC/CMT musical-drama series Nashville ( 2012 -- present ) and Kairi in the video game series Kingdom Hearts . A native of New York City , she first appeared in a commercial at the age of 11 months . She began her acting career by playing Sarah Roberts on One Life to Live ( 1994 -- 97 ) , and Lizzie Spaulding on Guiding Light ( 1996 -- 2000 ) , before starring at age 10 as Sheryl Yoast in the Disney feature film Remember the Titans . Other notable roles include her portrayal of the title character in the true crime drama Amanda Knox : Murder on Trial in Italy and Kirby Reed in the slasher film Scream 4 . She received two nominations for the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress -- Series , Miniseries or Television Film , for her work on Nashville in 2012 and 2013 .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "53080f63ca09a2abc024b8fad39363d2", "text": "Melissa P. (film) Melissa P. is a 2005 erotic drama film directed by Luca Guadagnino . It is based on Melissa Panarello 's semi-autobiographical diary novel , 100 colpi di spazzola prima di andare a dormire ( One Hundred Strokes of the Brush Before Bed ) which focuses on the narrator 's teenage sex life . María Valverde stars as the protagonist , alongside Geraldine Chaplin in the Italian-Spanish production . The film was released on 18 November 2005 in Italy , where it topped the box office .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b312fe2dc52822521bc76a7208e20983", "text": "Loosies Loosies ( also known as Love Is Not a Crime and Pick Pocket ) is a 2012 romantic comedy-drama film written and produced by Peter Facinelli , and directed by Michael Corrente . The film stars Peter Facinelli , Jaimie Alexander , Michael Madsen , Joe Pantoliano , William Forsythe , Christy Carlson Romano , Glenn Ciano , Vincent Gallo and Chad A. Verdi .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "668c83dda06a9e37b3449dfec6bdbd02", "text": "While Paris Sleeps . ( for the 1932 Allan Dwan film see While Paris Sleeps ( 1932 film ) ) While Paris Sleeps ( 1923 ) is a film based on the novel The Glory of Love by Leslie Beresford ( a.k.a. Pan ) , directed by Maurice Tourneur , and starring Lon Chaney and John Gilbert . The film is believed to be lost .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "420198a647d98cb9416ac351cfa70aeb", "text": "Phantoms (film) Phantoms is a 1998 American science fiction horror film adapted from Dean Koontz 's 1983 novel of the same name . Directed by Joe Chappelle with a screenplay by Koontz , the film stars Peter O'Toole , Rose McGowan , Joanna Going , Liev Schreiber , Ben Affleck , Nicky Katt , and Clifton Powell . The film takes place in the peaceful town of Snowfield , Colorado , where something evil has wiped out the community . It is up to a group of people to stop it or at least get out of Snowfield alive .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "64b64ac73312fda2e748df30c2886fc9", "text": "Paper Moon (film) Paper Moon is a 1973 American comedy-drama film directed by Peter Bogdanovich and released by Paramount Pictures . Screenwriter Alvin Sargent adapted the script from the novel Addie Pray by Joe David Brown . The film , shot in black-and-white , is set in Kansas and Missouri during the Great Depression . It stars the real-life father and daughter pairing of Ryan and Tatum O'Neal as protagonists Moze and Addie .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9f23b470ef4753baa5ef333589377605", "text": "Family Business (film) Family Business is a 1989 American comedy-drama heist film directed by Sidney Lumet with a screenplay by Vincent Patrick , based on his novel . It stars Sean Connery , Dustin Hoffman and Matthew Broderick .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9806a2ed09a25a54a85f552f457eacd7", "text": "Kansas Pacific (film) Kansas Pacific is a 1953 U.S. Cinecolor Western film released by Allied Artists Pictures and directed by Ray Nazarro . It stars Sterling Hayden and Eve Miller . The film offers a fictionalized account of the struggle to build the Kansas Pacific Railway in the 1860s just prior to the American Civil War . In the film the building of the railroad in Kansas is opposed by sympathizers of the Confederacy . General Winfield Scott sends a Corps of Engineers captain ( Hayden ) incognito to complete the railroad in order to supply western outposts when the anticipated war starts . Opposing the railway is Confederate William Quantrill ( Reed Hadley ) , whose mission is to stop or delay the railway from being completed . The rights to the film are currently in the public domain .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a4d77837844425f822c04e5c811d80f8", "text": "Foxtrot (film) Foxtrot is a 1976 drama film directed by Arturo Ripstein and starring Peter O'Toole , Charlotte Rampling and Max von Sydow . It was re-released in 1977 as The Other Side of Paradise .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7dc80848cb5ed60c7cc0b4bc3937a9aa", "text": "Sounder (film) Sounder is a 1972 DeLuxe Color drama film in Panavision directed by Martin Ritt and starring Cicely Tyson , Paul Winfield , and Kevin Hooks . The film was adapted by Lonne Elder III from the 1970 Newbery Medal-winning novel Sounder by William H. Armstrong .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "126b287c04b7236a8e36d2db3008712a", "text": "P.S. (film) P.S. is a 2004 drama film directed by Dylan Kidd . The screenplay by Kidd and Helen Schulman is based on Schulman 's 2001 novel p.s. . The film stars Laura Linney and Topher Grace .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b18cd7242cb9073b0fc28ab5be014731", "text": "Striptease (film) Striptease is a 1996 American erotic comedy film directed , produced , and written by Andrew Bergman , and stars Demi Moore , Burt Reynolds and Ving Rhames . The film is based on Carl Hiaasen 's novel of the same name , and is about a stripper who becomes involved in both a child-custody dispute and corrupt politics . Striptease was generally reviled by critics . It wound up winning several Golden Raspberry Awards , which are given to the worst in cinema . Among these awards given to Striptease was the Award for Worst Picture of 1996 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f90f1f367d79fad23b9a526afcd83a22", "text": "Pan (2015 film) Pan is a 2015 British - American family adventure fantasy film directed by Joe Wright and written by Jason Fuchs . The film is a prequel story to Scottish author J. M. Barrie 's Peter Pan story , first staged in 1904 . It stars Hugh Jackman , Garrett Hedlund , Rooney Mara and Amanda Seyfried , with Levi Miller as the title character . It serves as an alternative origin story for Peter Pan and Captain Hook . The film had its world premiere in London , England on September 20 , 2015 , and was theatrically released in the United States on October 9 , 2015 , by Warner Bros. . Pictures . Pan grossed $ 128.4 million on a $ 150 million budget , making it a box office bomb . The film received negative reviews from critics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ff5955b716c5c613c98172bf00da6d6f", "text": "Limelight (1952 film) Limelight is a 1952 comedy-drama film written , produced , and directed by Charlie Chaplin . Unlike his earlier films , the score was composed by Chaplin and arranged by Ray Rasch , marking this as the first film that he did not musically arrange . The film stars Chaplin as a washed-up comedian who saves a suicidal dancer from killing herself , played by Claire Bloom , and both try to get through life ; additional roles are provided by Nigel Bruce , Sydney Chaplin as Sydney Earl Chaplin , Wheeler Dryden , and Norman Lloyd with an appearance from Buster Keaton . In dance scenes , Bloom is doubled by Melissa Hayden . Upon the film 's release , critics ' reception was divided ; it was heavily boycotted in the United States , and commercially failed . However , the film was re-released the United States in 1972 which included its first screening in Los Angeles . This allowed the decades-old film to be in contention for the 45th Academy Awards where Chaplin won his only competitive Academy Award . Today , the film is sometimes regarded as one of Chaplin 's best and most personal works , and has since attained a cult following .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "576767220a7a7999fa05b01cd54cab43", "text": "Aloha (film) Aloha is a 2015 American romantic comedy-drama film written , produced and directed by Cameron Crowe . The film , starring Bradley Cooper , Emma Stone , Rachel McAdams , Bill Murray , John Krasinski , Danny McBride , and Alec Baldwin , was released on May 29 , 2015 . The film received negative reviews from critics , and has grossed only $ 26 million against a budget of $ 37 million , making the film a box office bomb .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fb1da36a33d9b532cd6ff817e8139989", "text": "Garden State (film) Garden State is a 2004 American romantic comedy-drama film , written and directed by Zach Braff and starring Braff , Natalie Portman , Peter Sarsgaard , and Ian Holm . The film centers on Andrew Largeman ( Braff ) , a 26-year-old actor/waiter who returns to his hometown in New Jersey after his mother dies . Braff based the film on his real life experiences . It was filmed in April and May 2003 and released on July 28 , 2004 . New Jersey was the main setting and primary shooting location . Garden State received positive reviews upon its release and has garnered a cult following . It was an official selection of the Sundance Film Festival . The film also spawned a soundtrack for which Braff , who picked the music himself , won a Grammy Award .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "41827a48c706cbeee404cad925699faa", "text": "Casanova (2005 film) Casanova is a 2005 American romantic film directed by Lasse Hallström starring Heath Ledger and loosely based on the life of Giacomo Casanova .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9644aee915a6d96e76d4acec602f536f", "text": "Brothers (2009 film) Brothers is a 2009 American psychological war drama film and a remake of Susanne Bier 's Danish film Brødre ( 2004 ) , which takes place in Afghanistan and Denmark . The film stars Tobey Maguire , Jake Gyllenhaal , and Natalie Portman , and is directed by Jim Sheridan . Both films take inspiration from Homer 's epic poem , the Odyssey . The film received a mixed to positive response and grossed $ 43 million . Tobey Maguire received particular praise for his performance and received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Actor in a Motion Picture Drama for his performance .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "865051435edf6e85b04f5f4052010ee5", "text": "Rollover (film) Rollover is a 1981 American political thriller film directed by Alan J. Pakula and starring Jane Fonda and Kris Kristofferson . The film was nominated for a Razzie Awards for Worst Actor for Kristofferson .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "be2c3c2afb07f8d615f21dd247b70058", "text": "Raising Helen Raising Helen is a 2004 American comedy-drama film directed by Garry Marshall and written by Jack Amiel and Michael Begler . It stars Kate Hudson , John Corbett , Joan Cusack , Hayden Panettiere , siblings Spencer and Abigail Breslin , and Helen Mirren . It grossed $ 37,486,138 at the U.S. box office .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ef98b72307869985ee17426f76783e65", "text": "The Eternal Sea The Eternal Sea ( aka The Admiral Hoskins Story ) is a 1955 American war film directed by John H. Auer and starring Sterling Hayden , Alexis Smith and Ben Cooper . After an American naval officer loses his leg at the Battle of Leyte Gulf , he resists attempts to retire him and continues in the service after learning to cope with his disability . He goes on to be promoted to admiral and commands an aircraft carrier during the Korean War . The Eternal Sea was one of a number of more ambitious productions by Republic Pictures , which had traditionally made low-budget second features . Its release was undermined by the studio 's growing financial problems which led to its eventual closure in 1959 .", "title": "" } ]	fever
cbcd16a8f0f86d7c2f90e487becde714	Alicia Silverstone did not win an MTV Movie Award.	[ { "docid": "31305dd786bd8b22abf641b488f18b08", "text": "Alicia Silverstone Alicia Silverstone ( -LSB- æˈliːsiə_ˈsɪlvəstoʊn -RSB- born October 4 , 1976 ) is an American actress , producer , author , and activist . She made her film debut in The Crush ( 1993 ) , earning the 1994 MTV Movie Award for Best Breakthrough Performance , and gained further prominence as a teen idol when she appeared at the age of 16 in the music video for Aerosmith 's `` Cryin ' '' . She starred in the comedy hit Clueless ( 1995 ) , which earned her a multimillion-dollar deal with Columbia Pictures , and in the big-budget film Batman & Robin ( 1997 ) , playing Batgirl . She has continued to act in film and television and on stage . For her role in the short-lived drama comedy Miss Match ( 2003 ) , Silverstone received a Golden Globe Award nomination for Best Actress -- Television Series Musical or Comedy . A vegan , Silverstone has endorsed PETA activities and has published two nutrition books .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "a8e66c6abf1f41c308ae452cb59a3100", "text": "MTV Europe Music Award for Best Song The MTV Europe Music Award for Best Song is the main award of the EMA 's . It was first awarded in 1994 , when `` 7 Seconds '' won it , and has been given out since . Lady Gaga , Pink and Beyoncé have been the big winners with two awards . In 2007 and 2008 the category was named Most Addictive Track , but in 2009 called again Best Song .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ed0071482bbfb4a5b13c38c263d3d2ec", "text": "2014 Teen Choice Awards The 2014 Teen Choice Awards ceremony was held on August 10 , 2014 at the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles . The event was originally scheduled to take place at the UCLA Pauley Pavilion , which was flooded by a broken water pipe on July 29 , 2014 near the campus . It was broadcast on Fox at 8:00 -- 10:00 pm ET live/PT tape-delayed . The awards celebrate the year 's achievements in music , film , television , sports , fashion , comedy , and the Internet , and were voted on by viewers aged 13 through 19 . Selena Gomez was awarded the Ultimate Choice Award during the show . One Direction were the biggest winners of the night , winning all ten awards they were nominated for ( including an award given out to Harry Styles and one dedicated to their fans ) . The Fault in Our Stars won all seven of its nominations as well , including four awards for Ansel Elgort .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "752227b3b7a63d61f5f2d679802fae77", "text": "Golden Boot Awards The Golden Boot Awards is an American acknowledgment of achievement honoring actors , actresses , and crew members who have made significant contributions to the genre of Western television and movies . The award is sponsored and presented by the Motion Picture & Television Fund . Money raised at the award banquet is used to help finance various services offered by the Fund to those in the entertainment industry . Actor Pat Buttram conceived the idea of the Golden Boot Award , and the first ones were presented in 1983 . The awards appear to have been discontinued since 2007 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7c5128a879334c420e4972ef8b4862b7", "text": "MTV Video Music Award for Best Video with a Social Message The MTV Video Music Award for Best Video with a Social Message is an award handed out at the yearly MTV Video Music Awards , first introduced at the 2011 ceremony . The first winner of the category was Lady Gaga . As of 2015 , Kelly Clarkson , Rise Against , and Beyoncé have received the most nominations in this category , being nominated twice .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "11b8d313ce2113de2f149e15d479b119", "text": "2017 MTV Movie & TV Awards The 2017 MTV Movie & TV Awards was held on May 7 , 2017 , from the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles , California , U.S. . It was the 26th edition of the awards , and for the first time it presented honors for work in television as well as cinema ; it was also the first time men and women competed jointly in the acting categories . The awards ceremony was hosted by Adam DeVine and broadcast on numerous Viacom channels , MTV.com , and the MTV app on mobile devices . The ceremony was preceded by the `` Movie & Television Festival '' . It was a day-long event that was held outside the Shrine Auditorium and feature live performances by Bea Miller , All Time Low , and Zara Larsson ; plus red carpet appearances by celebrities . Issa Rae served as the announcer for the event .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9bdd0cf072cd274522233019df24f85e", "text": "MTV Video Music Award for Quadruple Threat of the Year The MTV Video Music Award for Quadruple Threat of the Year was introduced in 2007 , as the VMAs were revamped that year and a few new categories were introduced to the show . This award was peculiar for the MTV Video Music Awards , though , for ( like Best Artist Website in 1999 ) it did not reward music nor music videos . Instead , the category awarded musical artists who excelled in at least three other areas beside their music career , such as acting , entrepreneurship , and activism , among others . When the VMAs returned to their old format in 2008 , though , this category did not come back .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eba0886583f27c9878f64dd7c3112252", "text": "44th Primetime Emmy Awards The 44th Primetime Emmy Awards were held on Sunday , August 30 , 1992 . The ceremony was broadcast on Fox from the Pasadena Civic Auditorium in Pasadena , California . It was hosted by Tim Allen , Kirstie Alley and Dennis Miller , and directed by Walter C. Miller . Presenters included Roseanne Barr , Tom Arnold , Scott Bakula , Candice Bergen , Corbin Bernsen , Beau Bridges , Lloyd Bridges , and Cindy Crawford . The program was written by Buddy Sheffield and Bruce Vilanch . Over 300 million people watched the ceremony in 30 countries . A rule change , instituted for this year only , stated that regular and guest performers would compete in the same category . There could be lead guest or supporting guest . On the comedy side , Murphy Brown won Outstanding Comedy Series for the second time , winning three major awards on the night , the most for a comedy series . On the drama side , L.A. Laws strangle hold on Outstanding Drama Series came to an end , as Northern Exposure took home the award . Northern Exposure also won three major awards and received nine major nominations , which tied for the most in each category . For the first time in its run , The Golden Girls , then in its seventh and final season , was not nominated for Outstanding Comedy Series . After being on the air for thirty years , The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson finally heard its name called when its final season won for Outstanding Variety , Music , or Comedy Program . The show was first nominated for the category in 1964 and was 0/13 before this ceremony .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aa6e9c8487342b7db1fdcd2454aa3ebd", "text": "BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language The BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . The award was first given at the 36th British Academy Film Awards , recognising the films of 1982 , and until 1990 was known as the BAFTA Award for Best Foreign Film . Prior to this , films recorded in a language other than English were often recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best Film , known between 1949 and 1969 as Best Film from any Source . In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2316371a4819d7c682e63e2203c1eb48", "text": "Sharon Stone Sharon Yvonne Stone ( born March 10 , 1958 ) is an American actress , film producer , and former fashion model . Stone first came to attention for her role in the miniseries War and Remembrance ( 1989 ) and early mainstream prominence followed with her part in Paul Verhoeven 's Total Recall ( 1990 ) . She became a sex symbol and rose to international recognition with her starring role as Catherine Tramell in another Verhoeven film , the erotic thriller Basic Instinct ( 1992 ) , for which she received her first Golden Globe Award nomination for Best Actress in a Motion Picture -- Drama . She won the Golden Globe Award and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress for her performance in Martin Scorsese 's Casino ( 1995 ) . She received another two Golden Globe Award nominations for her roles in The Mighty ( 1998 ) and The Muse ( 1999 ) . Named Officer of the Order of Arts and Letters in France in 2005 , Stone 's other notable film roles include Sliver ( 1993 ) , The Specialist ( 1994 ) , The Quick and the Dead ( 1995 ) , If These Walls Could Talk 2 ( 2000 ) , Catwoman ( 2004 ) , Broken Flowers ( 2005 ) , Alpha Dog ( 2006 ) , Bobby ( 2006 ) , Lovelace ( 2013 ) , and Fading Gigolo ( 2013 ) . Stone has made guest-appearances in The Practice ( 2004 ) , winning the Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series , and in Law & Order : Special Victims Unit ( 2010 ) . She starred in the short-lived series Agent X ( 2015 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "827c92d5edbcf33d258b98a603552377", "text": "2001 MTV Movie Awards The 2001 MTV Movie Awards were held on June 2 , 2001 , and were hosted by Jimmy Fallon and Kirsten Dunst . The program featured performances from Christina Aguilera , Lil ' Kim , Mýa and Pink ( Moulin Rouge ! ) , Dave Matthews Band and Weezer . Sofia Coppola was presented with an award for Best New Filmmaker . This was Aaliyah 's last appearance at the Movie Awards before her death two months later in a plane crash in the Bahamas .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "be2af1170ecafe94044e02a20f55be6c", "text": "Brit Award for British Breakthrough Act The Brit Award for British Breakthrough Act is an award given by the British Phonographic Industry ( BPI ) , an organisation which represents record companies and artists in the United Kingdom . The accolade is presented at the Brit Awards , an annual celebration of British and international music . The winners and nominees are determined by the BRIT Awards voting academy with over 1,000 members , which comprise record labels , publishers , managers , agents , media , and previous winners and nominees . The award was first presented in 1977 as two awards as `` British Male Newcomer '' and `` British Female Newcomer '' which were won by Graham Parker and Julie Covington . When the Brit Awards was held for the second time in 1982 , the awards `` British Male Newcomer '' and `` British Female Newcomer '' became joint as one award for both male and female acts as well introducing groups acts to award . The first award for the joint `` British Newcomer '' was won by The Human League . In 2003 the award was renamed to `` British Breakthrough Act '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bd852971cc9207b09ec8904bdad0f7f7", "text": "Unplugged (Alicia Keys album) Unplugged is the first live album ( third overall ) by American recording artist Alicia Keys . It was recorded as part of the television program MTV Unplugged on July 4 , 2005 at the Brooklyn Academy of Music in Brooklyn , New York City , and released in the United States on October 11 , 2005 by J Records , including songs from her multi-platinum albums Songs in A Minor and The Diary of Alicia Keys . The album debuted on the US Billboard 200 chart at number one , with first-week sales of 196,000 copies in the US . and over 245,000 copies worldwide -- the highest debut for an MTV Unplugged album since Nirvana 's 1994 MTV Unplugged in New York and the first Unplugged by a female artist to debut at number one . The album has sold over one million copies in the United States and over 2.5 million copies worldwide . Additionally , it received four nominations for the 2006 Grammy Awards , including Best R&B Album . The first single released from the album was `` Unbreakable '' , which peaked at number thirty-four on the US Billboard Hot 100 and number four on the US Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs . The second single , `` Every Little Bit Hurts '' , was released in January 2006 . The video premiered on January 17 on BET 's 106 & Park . The album and DVD includes songs from her multi-platinum albums Songs in A Minor and The Diary of Alicia Keys .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "94f7dfc24f3e97de5634b8404ad67a36", "text": "List of awards and nominations received by Sharon Stone American actress Sharon Stone has won 10 awards from 41 nominations , including one Emmy Award , one Golden Globe Award , and two MTV Movie Awards . She has also received several `` dishonors '' for poor performances in films , earning three Golden Raspberry Awards , and two Stinkers Bad Movie Awards . Stone 's breakout role as Catherine Tramell in Basic Instinct ( 1992 ) earned her a Chicago Film Critics Association Award , Golden Globe Award , and Saturn Award nominations . This was followed by two nominations for MTV Movie Award for Most Desirable Female for the films Sliver ( 1993 ) and The Specialist ( 1994 ) . For her role as Ginger McKenna in Casino ( 1995 ) , she won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture -- Drama and received her only Academy Award nomination for the same category . She guest starred as an attorney who believes she can communicate with God in The Practice ( 1997 -- 2004 ) , a role that earned her the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series . In Basic Instinct 2 ( 2006 ) , her return to the character Tramell received mixed critical reviews , and garnered her both a Golden Raspberry Award . Stone has also received a number of non-performance honors . She was inducted to the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1995 for her contribution to acting . The actress was nominated for Golden Apple Award for being easy to work with according to her co-stars . In 2005 , she was named Officer of the Order of Arts and Letters in France . She received recognition at the 2006 Women Film Critics Circle Awards for her collaborations with AmfAR with their research on AIDS .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "53aac8fe732cdb6453db0c517dc87ece", "text": "South African Music Award for Newcomer of the Year The South African Music Awards ( often simply the SAMAs ) are the Recording Industry of South Africa 's music industry awards , established in 1995 . The ceremony is held in late-April or May every year , with the judging process starting in November of the previous year . The nominations are typically announced at the end of March . The winners receive a gold-plated statuette called a SAMA . The show is consistently held at the Super Bowl in Sun City , with exception of two years , and broadcast live on national broadcaster , SABC . The ceremony features live performances by a selection of nominees . The SAMAs are considered the South African equivalent of the American Grammy Awards . MTN has been the title sponsor of the event since 2003 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "571d2216e50893c7b9aa05cffd7bd78f", "text": "MTV Europe Music Award for Best New Act The MTV Europe Music Award for Best New Act is one of the four original general categories that have been given out since the first annual MTV Europe Music Awards in 1994 . Originally called Best Breakthrough Act , it was briefly retitled to Future Sounds in 2006 and the winner was chosen by their peers . In 2007 the category featured only European artists chosen by viewers in each region of Europe , every day the artist with the fewest votes was eliminated and the winner would play live at the EMAs . In 2008 the award was once again retitled , this time to its current name . The current holder by this award is Zara Larsson .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9bd43db18b06586117298b2d356af4eb", "text": "Carol's Eve Carol 's Eve is a 1993 comedy/drama play directed by Valerie Mayhew and written by Pauline Lepor . The initial production starred Devora Millman , Richard Robert Redlin , Lesa Carlson , Allen Garfield , Boyd Jeffries , Barry Schwartz and Alicia Silverstone . The play was produced by Christine Redlin and Richard Robert Redlin at The MET Theatre in Hollywood , California . The play is set at an office party on Christmas Eve , which is also Carol 's ( Devora Millman ) 30th birthday . Carol 's intended suicide attempt , from the balcony of an L.A. high-rise , is stopped when a stream of partygoers visit the terrace . The conflict begins when Carol meets Michael ( R. Robert Redlin ) , the latter a former biker , now an unrelenting New Ager , who has experienced death when from an accident resulted in his coma . Alicia Silverstone starred as Debbie , a desperate coke-addicted lesbian .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "94a4725e969f8b03d6efee965d7858df", "text": "2006 MTV Video Music Awards The 2006 MTV Video Music Awards aired live on August 31 , 2006 , honoring the best music videos from June 11 , 2005 , to June 26 , 2006 . The show was hosted by Jack Black at Radio City Music Hall in New York City . The 2006 Video Music Awards marked the first time viewers were able to vote for all performers ' categories ( Best Video ; Best Male , Female , and Group Videos ; and genre categories ) . Like previous years , the artistic categories ( Best Direction , Best Cinematography , etc. ) are still chosen by music industry professionals . The 2006 Awards also discontinued the major category Breakthrough Video . The show was criticized by fans and viewers as being uninteresting or lacking substance . The award ceremony 's ratings were down 28 % from the 8 million viewers it averaged in 2005 and down 45 % from the 10.3 million viewers it averaged in 2004 . Shakira and Red Hot Chili Peppers received the most nominations , with seven each . Avenged Sevenfold won Best New Artist and `` I Write Sins Not Tragedies '' , by Panic ! at the Disco , became the first video to win Video of the Year without winning a single other award since `` This Note 's for You '' by Neil Young in 1989 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e5c8f607317733db1ae881aa30e8ac2a", "text": "Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Music Direction The Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Music Direction is awarded to one television series or special each year . In the following list , the first titles listed in gold are the winners ; those not in gold are nominees , which are listed in alphabetical order . The years given are those in which the ceremonies took place . __ TOC __", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7632d0751c8d95ecd63b92816c61e785", "text": "Torch Song (1993 film) Torch Song ( also known as Judith Krantz 's Torch Song ) is a 1993 made-for-television drama film directed by Michael Miller , starring Raquel Welch , Jack Scalia and Alicia Silverstone . The film originally premiered on ABC on May 23 , 1993 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3e112d28a09d70117e27782ede378f7c", "text": "Silver Linings Playbook Silver Linings Playbook is a 2012 American romantic comedy-drama film written and directed by David O. Russell . It was adapted from the novel The Silver Linings Playbook , by Matthew Quick . The film stars Bradley Cooper and Jennifer Lawrence , with Robert De Niro , Jacki Weaver , Chris Tucker , Anupam Kher , and Julia Stiles in supporting roles . Cooper plays Patrick `` Pat '' Solitano , Jr. , a man with bipolar disorder who is released from a psychiatric hospital and moves back in with his parents , played by Robert De Niro and Jacki Weaver . Determined to win back his estranged wife , Pat meets recently widowed Tiffany Maxwell , portrayed by Jennifer Lawrence , who offers to help him get his wife back if he enters a dance competition with her . The two become closer as they train and Pat , his father , and Tiffany examine their relationships with each other as they cope with their problems . Silver Linings Playbook premiered at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival on September 8 , 2012 , and was released in the United States on November 16 , 2012 . The film opened to major critical success and earned numerous accolades . It received eight Academy Award nominations , including Best Picture , Best Director , Best Adapted Screenplay . It became the first film since 1981 's Reds to be Oscar-nominated for the four acting categories and the first since 2004 's Million Dollar Baby to be nominated for the Big Five Oscars , with Lawrence winning the Academy Award for Best Actress . It also achieved four Golden Globe Award nominations , with Lawrence winning Best Actress ; three BAFTA nominations , with Russell winning for Best Adapted Screenplay ; four Screen Actors Guild nominations ; and five Independent Spirit Award nominations , winning in four categories , including Best Film . The film was a success at the box office , grossing over $ 236 million worldwide , more than eleven times its budget .", "title": "" } ]	fever
ca06a106953ec00b10bea3703a4e24b9	Injustice 2 allows players to customize characters.	[ { "docid": "d6d702e0f0d943c0348f7fd29f8d06a2", "text": "Injustice 2 Injustice 2 is a fighting video game developed by NetherRealm Studios and published by Warner Bros. . Interactive Entertainment . It is the sequel to 2013 's Injustice : Gods Among Us . The game was released in May 2017 for the PlayStation 4 and Xbox One . Similar to the previous installment , a companion mobile app was released for iOS and Android devices . The core gameplay remains similar to its predecessor , albeit with minor adjustments to returning game mechanics . Injustice 2 introduces a new feature called the Gear System , a loot-dropping system that rewards players with costume pieces and equipment that can be used to customize characters ' appearances and modify their abilities and stats . According to developers , the idea for implementing an RPG-style progression system into a fighting game had existed since before the fall of Midway Games , the original publisher for the Mortal Kombat series . Director Ed Boon also sought to incorporate gameplay mechanics used by multiplayer shooter games , such as personalization , character creation , loot , and leveling up , into the fighting game genre , which led to the development of the Gear System . Injustice 2 's storyline centers around Batman and his insurgency 's attempt to restore society after the fall of Superman 's regime ; however , the arrivals of the newly formed supervillain group `` The Society '' and the alien Brainiac force Batman to consider freeing the imprisoned Superman to help combat the threats . The game received positive reviews from critics , who praised its story , presentation , improved gameplay mechanics , abundance of in-game content , and character customization options , while criticizing its random loot and microtransaction systems .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "3f6c24ae89f2bcb82390b9b67e1ad503", "text": "List of Final Fantasy media Final Fantasy is a series of role-playing video games developed and published by Square Enix ( formerly Square ) . Its first game premiered in Japan in 1987 , and Final Fantasy games have subsequently been localized for markets in North America , Europe and Australia , on nearly every video game console since its debut on the Nintendo Entertainment System . Final Fantasy is Square Enix 's most successful franchise , having sold over 97 million units worldwide to date . In addition to traditional role-playing games , the series includes tactical role-playing games , portable games , massively multiplayer online role-playing games , and games for mobile phones . Its popularity has placed it as the sixth-best-selling video game franchise , and the series has won multiple awards over the years . In addition to the 15 games released as part of the main ( numbered ) series and their many spin-offs and related titles , the Final Fantasy series has spawned many works in other media including anime , movies , novels and manga , and radio dramas . Final Fantasy : Unlimited , originally a stand-alone anime series , now has its own sub-franchise which includes video games . Many games , particularly the main series , have soundtrack album releases featuring their music in different arrangements . Square Enix has also consistently released companion books for its games which provide additional backstory and plot information , as well as detailed walkthroughs for the game . Since the announcement of Compilation of Final Fantasy VII , Square Enix has focused on `` polymorphic content '' , expanding each game world with material on many video game platforms , as well as other forms of media .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6436ccbbcc435f22d853d8e2a41463ca", "text": "ActRaiser 2 is a side-scrolling platform game for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System developed by Quintet and published by Enix ( now Square Enix ) in 1993 . The game is a sequel to the original ActRaiser , but the storyline is not directly connected to its predecessor ; however , many plot details suggest that ActRaiser 2 may actually be set before the events of the original ActRaiser , or take place in another universe entirely . Otherwise , the given story draws concepts from the famous religious epics Paradise Lost and the Divine Comedy . Unlike the original game , which alternately combined platform game sequences and god game sequences , ActRaiser 2 is only a platform game .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ad47dc43670072898442977a55502324", "text": "Character (arts) A character ( sometimes known as a fictional character ) is a person or other being in a narrative work of art ( such as a novel , play , television series , or film ) . The character may be entirely fictional or based on a real-life person , in which case the distinction of a `` fictional '' versus `` real '' character may be made . Derived from the ancient Greek word χαρακτήρ , the English word dates from the Restoration , although it became widely used after its appearance in Tom Jones in 1749 . From this , the sense of `` a part played by an actor '' developed . Character , particularly when enacted by an actor in the theatre or cinema , involves `` the illusion of being a human person . '' In literature , characters guide readers through their stories , helping them to understand plots and ponder themes . Since the end of the 18th century , the phrase `` in character '' has been used to describe an effective impersonation by an actor . Since the 19th century , the art of creating characters , as practiced by actors or writers , has been called characterisation . A character who stands as a representative of a particular class or group of people is known as a type . Types include both stock characters and those that are more fully individualised . The characters in Henrik Ibsen 's Hedda Gabler ( 1891 ) and August Strindberg 's Miss Julie ( 1888 ) , for example , are representative of specific positions in the social relations of class and gender , such that the conflicts between the characters reveal ideological conflicts . The study of a character requires an analysis of its relations with all of the other characters in the work . The individual status of a character is defined through the network of oppositions ( proairetic , pragmatic , linguistic , proxemic ) that it forms with the other characters . The relation between characters and the action of the story shifts historically , often miming shifts in society and its ideas about human individuality , self-determination , and the social order .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "66d3438af5dbd30b6930b63d67a4cf21", "text": "Mega Man Xtreme 2 Mega Man Xtreme 2 , known as in Japan , is a video game developed by Capcom for the Game Boy Color handheld game console . It is a spin-off title in the Mega Man X series and is a follow-up to Mega Man Xtreme , released the previous year . Mega Man Xtreme 2 takes place during the 22nd century , in an unknown year 21XX , between the events of Mega Man X3 and Mega Man X4 . The DNA souls of robots known as `` Reploids '' all around the world are being stolen by a pair of villains in order to create an army of undead `` Mavericks '' . The `` Maverick Hunters '' Mega Man X and Zero quickly spring into action , now with the help of their young ally Iris . Mega Man Xtreme 2 is a similar take on the series action and platforming gameplay formula while combining elements from home console versions of the Mega Man X series . The player may choose to play each of a series of stages as either protagonist , X or Zero . Defeating the stage 's boss will earn that player character its special weapon . Critical reception for Mega Man Xtreme 2 was lightly positive , with most reviewers giving the game praise typical of the long-running series and noting a general improvement over the first Mega Man Xtreme title . In 2013 , Mega Man Xtreme 2 was made available on the Virtual Console of Japan 's Nintendo eShop for the Nintendo 3DS . It was later released in the North American eShop the following year and was released in the PAL region eShop in September 11 , 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "faa73161b9d8fad4d8780129d9bea25a", "text": "Gotham City Impostors Gotham City Impostors is a first-person shooter multiplayer-only video game set in the universe of DC Comics ' Batman . Developed by Monolith Productions and published by Warner Bros. . Interactive Entertainment , the downloadable game is played from the perspective of two teams each trying to kill the other : one with people dressed like Batman and the other with people dressed like his archenemy , The Joker . Unlike other Batman games , Gotham City Impostors was not physically released . It was released on Xbox 360 via Xbox Live Arcade , PlayStation 3 via the PlayStation Network and Microsoft Windows via Games for Windows -- Live in February 2012 . The game was re-released on Microsoft Windows as a free-to-play title in August 30 , 2012 via Steam using Steamworks . The game is a six versus six first person shooter multiplayer game featuring customizable characters . Players take on the role of either amateur vigilantes ( the Bats ) or criminals ( the Jokerz ) . The game features a range of both traditional and imagined weapons .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "55fbafec685f5678c16daae264c54671", "text": "Skin gambling In video games , skin gambling is the use of virtual goods , which are most commonly cosmetic elements such as `` skins '' which have no direct influence on gameplay , as virtual currency to bet on the outcome of professional matches or on other games of chance . It primarily has occurred within the player community for the game Counter-Strike : Global Offensive by Valve Corporation , but practice of it exists in other game communities . Valve also runs the Steam marketplace which can be interfaced by third-parties to enable trading , buying , and selling of skins from players ' Steam inventories for real-world or digital currency , though Valve itself condones the gambling practices . Valve added random skin rewards as part of an update to Counter-Strike : Global Offensive in 2013 , believing that players would use these to trade with other players and bolster both the player community and its Steam marketplace . A number of websites were created to bypass monetary restrictions Valve set on the Steam marketplace to aid in high-value trading and allowing users to receive cash value for skins . Some of these sites subsequently added the ability to gamble on the results of professional matches or in games of chance with these skins , which in 2016 was estimated to handle around $ 5 billion of the virtual goods . These sites , along with Valve and various video game streamers , have come under scrutiny due to ethical and legal questions relating to gambling on sporting matches , underage gambling , undisclosed promotion , and outcome rigging . Evidence of such unethical practices was discovered in June 2016 , and led to two formal lawsuits filed against these sites and Valve in the following month . Valve subsequently has taken steps to stop such sites from using Steam 's interface for enabling gambling , leading to about half of these sites to close down , while driving more of the skin gambling into an underground economy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d234d4a641c49429238cb1950043a61a", "text": "Events from the Modern Age of Comic Books One of the key aspects of the Modern Age of Comic Books was that it was the beginning of big events . In 1984 , Marvel Comics debuted the first large crossover , Secret Wars , a storyline featuring the company 's most prolific superheroes , which overlapped into a 12-issue limited series and many monthly comic books . A year later , DC Comics introduced its first large scale crossover , Crisis on Infinite Earths , which had long-term effects on the `` DC Universe '' continuity . In the early and mid-1990s , big events were regularly published by Marvel and DC , often leading to extra publicity and sales . These events helped fend-off competition from Image Comics , and such events were more likely to become `` collector 's items . '' Some events , such as DC 's `` Zero Hour '' and Marvel 's `` Onslaught saga '' spanned a publisher 's entire line while others only affected a `` family '' of interrelated titles . The X-Men and Batman franchises featured crossovers almost annually . Some of the most significant mid-1990s events , such as Spider-Man 's `` Clone Saga , '' Batman 's `` Batman : Knightfall '' and particularly , `` The Death of Superman '' caused dramatic changes to long-running characters and received coverage in the mainstream media . These events led to significant sales boosts and publicity , but many fans began to criticize them as excessive and lacking compelling storytelling . They also complained that monthly series had become inaccessible because one had to follow a number of comics to understand the full storyline . By the end of the 1990s , the number of large crossovers decreased , but they were still launched sporadically .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dd685e9bb8cadb70e6bb7ef9e2f0b5b8", "text": "Mortal Kombat X Mortal Kombat X is a fighting video game developed by NetherRealm Studios and published by Warner Bros. . Interactive Entertainment . Running on the Unreal Engine 3 , it is the tenth main installment in the Mortal Kombat video game series and a sequel to the 2011 Mortal Kombat . It was released on April 14 , 2015 for Microsoft Windows , PlayStation 4 , and Xbox One . NetherRealm studio 's mobile team developed a version for iOS and Android devices . A version for Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 was in development but was eventually cancelled because NetherRealm could not get the seventh generation of consoles versions to the quality expected of a Mortal Kombat game . High Voltage Studios developed the PC version of the game , with Polish studio QLOC taking over the work on it shortly after the release of Kombat Pack 1 . Like previous Mortal Kombat games , Mortal Kombat Xs gameplay consists of two players , or one player and the CPU , fighting against each other with their selected character , using a large , varied array of character specific attacks . The game contains several modes , such as a story mode , which takes place twenty years after the previous Mortal Kombat game , several ` Tower ' modes , which feature dynamically changing challenges , numerous online modes , and the ` Krypt ' , a mode played in a first-person perspective where players explore the areas unlocking a variety of in-game items . The console versions of Mortal Kombat X received mostly positive reviews from critics upon release . Most praise was directed at the game 's controls , overall gameplay , graphics , story , and characters , with some reviewers calling it the best game in the Mortal Kombat series . However , the PC version of the game was met with mixed reception , with reviewers blaming numerous technical issues ( including frequent crashes and slow netcode ) for severely hindering the experience . Some critics also particularly disliked the tutorials , microtransactions , and downloadable content . Selling more than 5 million copies , the game was the fastest-selling game in the franchise and the ninth best-selling game in 2015 . An upgraded version of Mortal Kombat X , titled Mortal Kombat XL , was released on March 1 , 2016 for PlayStation 4 and Xbox One . This upgrade to the game includes all downloadable content characters from the two released Kombat Packs , almost all bonus alternate costumes available at the time of release , improved gameplay , and improved netcode . This edition was also released for PC on October 4 , 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fcea53e4964fc70e623f0de2fbe3b6d2", "text": "JFH: Justice For Hire JFH : Justice For Hire ( also known as JFH , Justice For Hire , and JFH : Justice-For-Hire ) is a mixed martial arts themed entertainment property that encompasses a series of comic books , films , videos , music , and animations . The JFH story follows two sons of a duo of vigilante fathers that get their family 's hero-for-hire business legalized , spawning a worldwide industry of heroes , villains , and mercenaries for hire dubbed the Retribution Industry . Produced and published by Creative Impulse Entertainment , JFH remains one of the first examples of transmedia storytelling in the comic book industry . JFH was created by real-life father/son martial arts champions and comic book writers Jan C. Childress and Jan Lucanus . Lucanus appears as a regular cast member in the live action content .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "98a2079b0b44e245effbe1b6f948c6ba", "text": "Machinima Machinima ( -LSB- məˈʃiːnᵻmə -RSB- or -LSB- məˈʃɪnᵻmə -RSB- ) is the use of real-time computer graphics engines to create a cinematic production . Most often video games are used to generate the computer animation . Machinima-based artists , sometimes called machinimists or machinimators , are often fan laborers , by virtue of their re-use of copyrighted materials ( see below ) . Machinima offers to provide an archive of gaming performance and access to the look and feel of software and hardware that may already have become unavailable or even obsolete ; for game studies , `` Machinima 's gestures grant access to gaming 's historical conditions of possibility and how machinima offers links to a comparative horizon that informs , changes , and fully participates in videogame culture . '' The practice of using graphics engines from video games arose from the animated software introductions of the 1980s demoscene , Disney Interactive Studios ' 1992 video game Stunt Island , and 1990s recordings of gameplay in first-person shooter ( FPS ) video games , such as id Software 's Doom and Quake . Originally , these recordings documented speedruns -- attempts to complete a level as quickly as possible -- and multiplayer matches . The addition of storylines to these films created `` Quake movies '' . The more general term machinima , a portmanteau of machine cinema , arose when the concept spread beyond the Quake series to other games and software . After this generalization , machinima appeared in mainstream media , including television series and advertisements . Machinima has advantages and disadvantages when compared to other styles of filmmaking . Its relative simplicity over traditional frame-based animation limits control and range of expression . Its real-time nature favors speed , cost saving , and flexibility over the higher quality of pre-rendered computer animation . Virtual acting is less expensive , dangerous , and physically restricted than live action . Machinima can be filmed by relying on in-game artificial intelligence ( AI ) or by controlling characters and cameras through digital puppetry . Scenes can be precisely scripted , and can be manipulated during post-production using video editing techniques . Editing , custom software , and creative cinematography may address technical limitations . Game companies have provided software for and have encouraged machinima , but the widespread use of digital assets from copyrighted games has resulted in complex , unresolved legal issues . Machinima productions can remain close to their gaming roots and feature stunts or other portrayals of gameplay . Popular genres include dance videos , comedy , and drama . Alternatively , some filmmakers attempt to stretch the boundaries of the rendering engines or to mask the original 3-D context . The Academy of Machinima Arts & Sciences ( AMAS ) , a non-profit organization dedicated to promoting machinima , recognizes exemplary productions through Mackie awards given at its annual Machinima Film Festival . Some general film festivals accept machinima , and game companies , such as Epic Games , Blizzard Entertainment and Jagex , have sponsored contests involving it .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f1dbaa235194627ebe027f8a43d8b229", "text": "Mortal Kombat (2011 video game) Mortal Kombat is a fighting video game developed by NetherRealm Studios and published by Warner Bros. . Interactive Entertainment . The game is the ninth main installment in the Mortal Kombat series and is a reboot of the franchise . The game was released for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 systems in April 2011 , and a PlayStation Vita port was released in May 2012 . An expanded version of the game , titled Mortal Kombat : Komplete Edition , was released for Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 in February 2012 and for Microsoft Windows in July 2013 . Although beginning during the events of Mortal Kombat : Armageddon , the plot is a retcon to the earliest period in the Mortal Kombat series , the events of Mortal Kombat , Mortal Kombat II and Mortal Kombat 3 ( as well as the latter title 's two updates ) . The storyline involves the divine protector of Earth , Raiden , attempting to change the aftermath of the events of Armageddon by contacting his past self as he faces defeat at the hands of the evil emperor of Outworld , Shao Kahn . While having characters and levels rendered in three-dimensions , the gameplay distances itself from the fully 3D graphics one seen in the last four games , bearing closer resemblance to that of the 2D era of the series , using a camera that is perpendicular to the two-dimensional playing field . Upon release , Mortal Kombat received very positive reviews and won several awards for fighting game of the year . It was also a commercial success , selling more than two million copies in the first month alone . Due to its extremely violent content , the game was banned in Australia due to the lack of appropriate ratings category , and South Korea , and it has been reportedly indexed in Germany ; the Australian ban was later lifted due to the introduction of an R18 classification and the game was released with many other R rated games in May 2014 . Mortal Kombat was followed by the sequel Mortal Kombat X in 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "db4ba2166cd5712bd799344e14883f29", "text": "Super Smash Bros. Super Smash Bros. is a series of crossover fighting games published by Nintendo , that primarily features characters from franchises established on its systems . All five games have been directed by Masahiro Sakurai . The gameplay objective differs from that of traditional fighters by aiming to knock opponents off of the stage instead of depleting life bars . The original Super Smash Bros. , released in 1999 for the Nintendo 64 , had a small budget and was originally a Japan-only release , but its domestic success led to a worldwide release . The series achieved even greater success with the release of Super Smash Bros. . Melee , which was released in 2001 for the GameCube and became the best-selling game on that system . A third installment , Super Smash Bros. . Brawl , was released in 2008 for the Wii . Although HAL Laboratory has been the developer of the first two titles , the third game was developed through the collaboration of several companies . The fourth and fifth installments , Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS and Wii U , were released in 2014 for the Nintendo 3DS and Wii U , respectively . The 3DS installment was the first series title to be released on a handheld platform . The series features many characters from Nintendo 's most popular franchises , including Mario , Fox McCloud , Link , Kirby , Samus Aran and Pikachu . The original Super Smash Bros. had 12 playable characters , and the roster count has risen to 26 characters in Melee , 39 in Brawl , and 58 in 3DS/Wii U ( seven of which are downloadable ) . Some characters are able to transform into different forms that have different styles of play and sets of moves . The games also feature non-playable Nintendo characters , like Ridley and Petey Piranha . In Brawl , two third-party characters were added , Solid Snake and Sonic the Hedgehog . Additional third-party characters Mega Man , Pac-Man , Ryu , Cloud Strife and Bayonetta appeared in 3DS and Wii U , while Solid Snake was removed from the line-up . Every title in the series has been well received by critics , with much praise given to the multiplayer mode experience . The Super Smash Bros. games have spawned a large competitive community and have been featured in several high-profile gaming tournaments .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "afd983ce80863b7f14f0bfce0a9e7e68", "text": "All Star DC Comics All Star was an imprint of ongoing comic book titles published by American company DC Comics that ran from 2005 to 2008 . DC has published two titles under the All-Star banner , featuring Batman and Superman . The premise of the imprint was to partner DC Comics ' top tier characters with the most popular and acclaimed writers and artists . The creators had access to all elements in the characters ' histories to present their interpretation for a modern audience that have not read these DC characters ' comics previously , or had not seen them lately . The creative teams were not beholden to any previous and present continuities , and told stories that featured `` the most iconic versions of these characters '' . The project had been compared to the Ultimate line of Marvel Comics , which was a successful attempt to re-introduce Marvel 's most popular characters to a new generation of readers by presenting new , updated versions unburdened by decades of plotlines . There were several differences between the two imprints , though . While the Ultimate titles have closely interrelated storylines , of the two All-Star series released , there has been no effort to make them conform to each other or indicate they exist in the same continuity . Another is that All-Star did not seek to introduce brand new versions of the characters so much as to present them in unhindered continuity . Robin 's origin was the only one `` rebooted '' in this imprint . Some observers , and DC themselves , had pointed to the return of DC 's major film franchises as an impetus for All-Star . `` No one can doubt that some kind of continuity shedding is necessary with Superman and Batman coming to the big screens , '' the website Comicon.com wrote . `` Moviegoers entertained by these films would find the current comics storylines impenetrable '' . With the end of Grant Morrison and Frank Quitely 's All-Star Superman and the rebranding of Frank Miller and Jim Lee 's All Star Batman and Robin as Dark Knight : Boy Wonder as well as the introduction of the DC : Earth One line of OGNs , the imprint is effectively defunct .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7478e1b8ddc51d30a3bad9f8c45ea85e", "text": "Raiden (Mortal Kombat) Raiden ( also known as Lord Raiden , and sometimes spelled Rayden ) is a video game character in the Mortal Kombat fighting game series by Midway Games . Making his official debut as one of the original seven playable characters in 1992 's Mortal Kombat , he is one of the central characters of the franchise . Based on the Japanese thunder god Raijin , and portrayed in the series canon as the thunder god and appointed protector of Earth , Raiden defends the planet from myriad otherworldly threats alongside his handpicked warriors . He commands many supernatural abilities such as teleportation , flight , and control of the elements . A mainstay of the Mortal Kombat cast , Raiden is one of the series ' most recognizable characters . He has appeared as a playable character in every fighting installment with the exception of Mortal Kombat 3 and its upgrade , and was among the eleven characters to represent the franchise in the crossover title Mortal Kombat vs. DC Universe . He has featured extensively in other Mortal Kombat media such as the two feature films , the animated series Mortal Kombat : Defenders of the Realm , the television series Mortal Kombat : Konquest , and the Mortal Kombat : Legacy web series , in addition to appearing on official series merchandise . General and critical reception to the character in regards to his design and gameplay has been positive , but mixed in terms of his alternate-media appearances .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "891a5a27c9984a613fba6a151a243024", "text": "Apollo Justice: Ace Attorney Apollo Justice : Ace Attorney , known in Japan as , is a visual novel adventure video game developed by Capcom . It is the fourth title in the Ace Attorney series , and was originally released for the Nintendo DS handheld game console in Japan in 2007 and in the West in 2008 , and was released for iOS and Android in December 2016 . The game takes place seven years after the previous game , Phoenix Wright : Ace Attorney − Trials and Tribulations . Phoenix Wright , the main character of previous titles in the series , has been stripped of his attorney 's badge , and Apollo Justice , an up-and-coming attorney , becomes his apprentice , working with Phoenix 's adopted daughter Trucy on four cases . The player 's goal is to get their clients declared not guilty ; to do this , they investigate the cases and cross-examine witnesses . When finding inconsistencies in witness testimonies , the player is able to present pieces of evidence that contradict the witnesses ' statements . They can also use the `` perceive '' system , in which they are able to see nervous motions or actions during witness testimonies , similar to a tell in poker . The game was developed by a team of 28 staff members , including producer Minae Matsukawa , director Mitsuru Endo , and character designer Kazuya Nuri . Series creator Shu Takumi , who wrote the game 's scenario and took on a supervisory role for the production , had wanted the series to end with Trials and Tribulations , as he felt that Phoenix 's character had been explored fully ; when it was decided that the game would get made , he wanted it to have a new main character with a new story , and wanted Phoenix to not make an appearance . Despite this , it was decided that Phoenix would be the accused in the first case in the game . Apollo Justice sold around 250,000 copies during the first retail week and 515,417 by the end of 2007 , and has been mostly positively received by critics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "00a47f45a8903ab372e4f8938ed1c815", "text": "List of accolades received by BioShock Infinite BioShock Infinite is a first-person shooter video game developed by Irrational Games and published by 2K Games . Players assume control of Booker DeWitt ( Troy Baker ) , who is sent to rescue Elizabeth ( Courtnee Draper ) from her captivity on the floating air city of Columbia . The game 's development was led by creative director Ken Levine . The game was officially announced on August 12 , 2010 , and was widely anticipated . At the Spike Video Game Awards , it was nominated Most Anticipated Game three times . Following its previews at the Electronic Entertainment Expo , the game won numerous awards , including Best of Show from several gaming publications . It was released worldwide on March 26 , 2013 for Microsoft Windows , PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 . Review aggregator Metacritic assigned the game a normalized score of 94 out of 100 , indicating `` universal acclaim '' , based on 27 and 68 reviews for the Windows and PlayStation 3 versions , respectively ; the Xbox 360 version received 93 out of 100 based on 33 reviews . Within four months of its release , BioShock Infinite sold approximately four million copies , and eleven million by June 2015 . BioShock Infinite garnered awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for its music , story , visual design , characters , and the acting of its cast . At the 17th Annual DICE Awards , the game received six nominations and went on to win two awards : Action Game of the Year , and Outstanding Achievement in Original Music Composition . The game earned four nominations at the 10th British Academy Video Games Awards , winning Original Music . At IGN 's Best of 2013 , the game garnered twenty nominations and went on to win nine awards , including Best Overall Shooter Game and Best Overall Graphics for Art Design . At the 14th Annual Game Developers Choice Awards , BioShock Infinite won Best Audio and Best Visual Art . The game received nine nominations at the Spike VGX , winning Best Shooter , Best Song in a Game and Character of the Year . At the National Academy of Video Game Trade Reviewers Awards , the game received eleven nominations , with Courtnee Draper winning Supporting Performance in a Drama . The game appeared on several year-end lists of the best games of 2013 , receiving Game of the Year wins from the Associated Press , CNN , Electronic Gaming Monthly , Entertainment Weekly , Forbes , and Games .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5831dc87af12b2bb02e4a0a7611e69ff", "text": "Super World Court is a tennis arcade game which had been released by Namco in 1992 only in Japan ; it runs on Namco NA-1 hardware , and as the name suggests , it is the sequel to Pro Tennis : World Court which was released four years earlier . It is also the second of the company 's two Japan-exclusive games to feature the Federal Bureau of Investigation 's `` Winners Do n't Use Drugs '' screen in its attract sequence ( as the first was Exvania ) , and at the start of the game , players must select either `` singles '' ( 1P vs CPU/2P ) or `` doubles '' ( 1P & CPU/2P vs 3P/CPU & 4P/CPU ) - they will then have to select one of sixteen new players ( seven male , six female , and three animal/robot , as none of the original 's players survived the transition from 5121 to 4096 colours ) and select one of the four new courts ( USA hard , France clay , GB grass , and Namco funny , the last of which must be the equivalent of Japan ) . The players must then decide whether they want their match to be one or three sets long ; the company 's signature character , Pac-Man , also makes a cameo appearance upon the Namco court ( in fact , there are five of him in the screenshot to the right , playing the parts of ball boys , and if the players hit the two on the sides of the court , who pick up the ball when it hits the net , they will fly across the court while shouting `` NO ! '' , but will reappear on the other side of it the next time a point is scored , and this also applies to the regular ball boys on the other courts ) . Also , whenever a player scores a point , the text `` NICE SHOT '' will appear under a portrait of their chosen player , and there 's also a timer that counts down from a maximum of 360 seconds ( depending on how the cabinet has been set ) in the top-right corner of the screen ; if it has run out by the time a set has been won , the players will have to insert another coin within ten seconds if they wish to continue playing , because if they do not , the losing player ( or team , if three or four players ) shall immediately forfeit the game .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "205cbad25865ca067350260600b30673", "text": "Custom Robo Arena Custom Robo Arena , known in Japan as , is a science fiction action role playing game for the Nintendo DS . It is the fifth title in the Custom Robo series . The name was announced on May 9 , 2006 at the E3 convention , and released in Japan on October 19 , 2006 , then later in the United States on March 19 , 2007 . Later , on May 25 , 2007 , it became the first ( and only , so far ) Custom Robo title released in Europe , and on September 20 , 2007 , it also became the first ( and only , so far ) title of the series released in Australia . In the game , the player participates in Custom Robo tournaments and tries to earn money to buy parts to use to improve their robo . The game is the first in the series that features two-player mode with the Nintendo Wi-Fi Connection including voice chat , Multi-Card play , and DS Download Play . Custom Robo Arena also uses a `` Rivals '' list .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d09d340912842f7c90106e76f11f1010", "text": "Superman (Earth-Two) Superman of Earth-Two is an alternate version of the fictional superhero Superman , who appears in American comic books published by DC Comics . The character was introduced after DC Comics created Earth-Two , a parallel world that was retroactively established as the home of characters whose adventures had been published in the Golden Age of comic books . This allowed creators to publish Superman comic books taking place in current continuity while being able to disregard Golden Age stories , solving an incongruity , as Superman had been published as a single ongoing incarnation since inception . The character first appeared in Justice League of America vol . 1 # 73 ( August 1969 ) , and his Kryptonian birth name is Kal-L .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c9598f666c5f7a1250a375d38be87521", "text": "Final Fantasy XIII is a science fiction role-playing video game developed and published by Square Enix for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 consoles and later for the Microsoft Windows operating system . Released in Japan in December 2009 and worldwide in March 2010 , it is the thirteenth title in the mainline Final Fantasy series . The game includes fast-paced combat , a new system for the series for determining which abilities are developed for the characters called `` Crystarium '' , and a customizable `` Paradigm '' system to control which abilities are used by the characters . Final Fantasy XIII includes elements from the previous games in the series , such as summoned monsters , chocobos , and airships . The game takes place in the fictional floating world of Cocoon , whose government , the Sanctum , is ordering a purge of civilians who have supposedly come into contact with Pulse , the much-feared world below . The former soldier Lightning begins her fight against the government in order to save her sister who has been branded as an unwilling servant to a god-like being from Pulse , making her an enemy of Cocoon . Lightning is soon joined by a band of allies , and together the group also become marked by the same Pulse creature . They rally against the Sanctum while trying to discover their assigned task and whether they can avoid being turned into monsters or crystals at the completion . Development began in 2004 , and the game was first announced at Electronic Entertainment Expo ( E3 ) 2006 . Final Fantasy XIII is the flagship title of the Fabula Nova Crystallis collection of Final Fantasy games and is the first game to use Square Enix 's Crystal Tools engine . Final Fantasy XIII received mostly positive reviews from video game publications , which praised the game 's graphics , presentation , and battle system . The game 's story received a mixed response from reviewers , and its linearity compared to previous games in the series was mostly criticized . Selling 1.7 million copies in Japan in 2009 , Final Fantasy XIII became the fastest-selling title in the history of the series . As of January 2013 , the game has sold over 6.6 million copies worldwide . The Microsoft Windows version has sold over 700,000 copies according to SteamSpy . A sequel , titled Final Fantasy XIII-2 , was released in December 2011 in Japan and in February 2012 in North America and PAL regions . A second sequel , titled Lightning Returns : Final Fantasy XIII , which concludes Lightning 's story and the Final Fantasy XIII saga , was released in November 2013 in Japan and in February 2014 in North America and PAL regions . In September 2014 , Square Enix announced the Final Fantasy XIII series has been widely successful and has shipped over 11 million copies worldwide .", "title": "" } ]	fever
2809631c1868a6332343c24c532e71f7	Melisandre has only ever appeared on television.	[ { "docid": "6da64610196b36f6177c48ab4ae80aed", "text": "Melisandre Melisandre of Asshai is a fictional character in the A Song of Ice and Fire series of fantasy novels by American author George R. R. Martin , and its television adaptation Game of Thrones . She is a priestess of the god R'hllor and a close advisor to King Stannis Baratheon in his campaign to take the Iron Throne . She is often nicknamed The Red Woman due to the color of her hair and clothes . Introduced in 1998 's A Clash of Kings , Melisandre originates from the continent Essos and has come to Westeros to propagate her faith in the Red God . She subsequently appeared in Martin 's A Storm of Swords ( 2000 ) and A Dance with Dragons ( 2011 ) . Melisandre is portrayed by Dutch actress Carice van Houten in the HBO television adaptation .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "299bad5811cbdb45eda402522eea5e15", "text": "Dexter (season 1) The first season of Dexter is an adaptation of Jeff Lindsay 's first novel in the Dexter series , Darkly Dreaming Dexter . Subsequent seasons have featured original storylines . This season aired from October 1 , 2006 to December 17 , 2006 , and follows Dexter 's investigation of `` The Ice Truck Killer '' . Introduced in the first episode , `` Dexter '' , this serial killer targets prostitutes and leaves their bodies severed and bloodless . At the same time , Dexter 's foster sister , Debra Morgan ( Jennifer Carpenter ) , a vice squad officer , aspires to work in the homicide department , and Dexter 's girlfriend , Rita Bennett ( Julie Benz ) , wants their relationship to be more intimate . Christian Camargo appears as Rudy Cooper and is a recurring character until the end of the season . The show 's first season received generally favorable reviews from critics ; it was praised as `` bold , different and exciting , with a central character and performance that take your breath away '' by the New York Daily News . The Wall Street Journal saw `` the grotesqueries of Dexter '' as `` not something that can easily be dismissed with the old '' ` you do n't have to watch ' line '' , and concluded that `` We do have to live among the viewers who will be desensitized , or aroused , by this show '' . The aggregate site Metacritic scored the show 's first season at 77 out of 100 based on 27 critics reviews . The season received high ratings for Showtime ; the pilot episode attracted more than a million viewers , giving the channel its highest ratings in nearly two years , while the finale `` Born Free '' drew an audience of 1.1 million viewers in the U.S. On average , the season was watched by two million viewers per episode during its original run when factoring in DVR viewers . Due to the 2007 -- 2008 Writers Guild strike and encouraged by the show 's critical success and high ratings on Showtime , CBS , a national terrestrial broadcast network , announced in December 2007 that it was considering airing an edited version of the first season of Dexter for free-to-air broadcast . It began to broadcast it on February 17 , 2008 , and thus , Dexter became the first program in 20 years to air on a broadcast network after being shown on a premium cable channel . During the show 's rerun on the CBS network in 2008 , the ratings were much higher , reaching 8.2 million viewers during its premiere February , giving the network its best rating in the 10 p.m. timeslot since December the previous year . During its 12-week run , it dropped to 7.1 million in early April , and to 6.6 million during the season 's finale on May 6 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e27c481d8c70f7b19dfa5559993fafff", "text": "Harbour Lights (TV series) Harbour Lights is a British television drama series , broadcast on BBC One , that ran for two series in 1999 and 2000 . Starring Nick Berry as protagonist Mike Nicholls , a former Royal Navy officer who returns to his childhood town of Bridehaven to take on the role of harbourmaster . The first series featured on storylines including a blossoming romance with local constable Melanie Rush ( Tina Hobley ) , the ruthless business dealings of Tony Simpson ( Gerard Horan ) , and the inter-family feuding of the Blades -- Steve , George , Jason , Kelly and Rita . Both series were predominantly filmed in West Bay near Bridport in Dorset , which acts as the fictional town of Bridehaven . The second series featured much harder-hitting storylines than the first , and was criticized by local residents for portraying West Bay in a bad light . The complete series was released on Region 4 DVD on March 3 , 2011 . This is the only commercial release of the series available . The second episode of the first series , `` Marie Celeste '' , was famously said to be ` missing ' and was never broadcast on the BBC . It has , however , been shown during repeat screenings of the series on digital television , and is included in the DVD release .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d3741b65b999c16bf480750ea1b6d26b", "text": "Living Single Living Single is an American television sitcom that aired for five seasons on the Fox network from August 29 , 1993 , to January 1 , 1998 . The show centered on the lives of six friends who share personal and professional experiences while living in a Brooklyn brownstone . Throughout its run , Living Single became one of the most popular African-American sitcoms of its era , ranking among the top five in African-American ratings in all five seasons . The series was produced by Yvette Lee Bowser 's company , Sister Lee , in association with Warner Bros. . Television . In contrast to the popularity of NBC 's `` Must See TV '' -- first on Sunday nights and then later on Thursday nights in the 1990s -- many African-American and Latino viewers flocked to Fox . For the 1993 -- 94 season , Living Single aired on Sunday nights between Martin and Married ... with Children , and then on Thursday nights from 1994 to 1998 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0da6d5cf44437615564c3c2c52924257", "text": "Miami Medical Miami Medical ( formerly titled Miami Trauma ) is a medical drama television series that aired on CBS from April 2 to July 2 , 2010 . It follows the professional and private lives of a team of trauma surgeons . The series was created by Jeffrey Lieber and produced by Jerry Bruckheimer Television and Warner Bros. . Television . On May 18 , 2010 , CBS cancelled the series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c965c4336abfaa9e3cadd5e58a5b1edb", "text": "Soap opera rapid aging syndrome Soap opera rapid aging syndrome ( SORAS ) is the practice of accelerating the age of a television or film character ( usually a child or teenager ) in conflict with the timeline of a series and/or the real-world progression of time . This allows for , for instance , storylines around a pregnancy and birth to be relatively quickly followed by storylines around the travails of that child as a teenager or young adult . This is usually accomplished by recasting the actor playing the part , although in some cases the character is not shown onscreen , only mentioned , until after they have been `` rapidly aged '' . The process originated ( and is most commonly used ) in daytime soap operas , though it is also sometimes used in prime time shows . On sitcoms , a newborn infant character is sometimes aged quickly into a kindergartner , for greater comic potential , as was done with the character Chrissy Seaver on Growing Pains in 1990 . The term was coined by Soap Opera Weekly founding editor-in-chief Mimi Torchin in the early days of the magazine , which began publishing in 1989 . It is now widely used in the soap opera media and is sometimes used as a verb as well ( `` the character was SORASed '' ) . Torchin has jokingly called it `` my one greatest contribution to the world of soap operas . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "89cc96518b2ab1a93f99671123d5d548", "text": "Woman with a Past Woman with a Past is an American daytime soap opera that aired on CBS from February 1 , 1954 to July 2 , 1954 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "428b10dd0438c60c4a4b728cb82d3674", "text": "Teen drama A teen drama is a genre or type of drama series with a major focus on teenage and young adult characters . It came into prominence in the early 1990s , especially with the popularity of the Fox series Beverly Hills , 90210 . After 90210 became a success , television writers and producers realized the potential for this new genre to reach out to a previously ignored demographic . In the past , most series that maintained a focus on teenagers had been sitcoms , while adolescents in drama series were usually part of a larger ensemble that included adults and children . More often than not , teen dramas have soap opera elements , incorporating one or more ongoing story arcs spanning several episodes . The young characters must deal with the dramatic ups and downs of their friendships and romances while facing an array of issues thought to be typical of adolescence . There have also been many successful teen-based series with major science fiction , fantasy and action/adventure themes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "00d1702e8cd323b4e1ec2404cd71cdab", "text": "Virginie Virginie was a French-language Canadian television series that aired Monday through Thursday on Radio-Canada ( the French-language CBC television network ) . It debuted in 1996 . The show examined the public and private lives of teachers , students , and families at the fictional Sainte-Jeanne-d'Arc high school . It frequently dealt with controversial social topics , such as teen drug use , ethnic prejudice , divorce , and other subjects touching on contemporary Quebec life . `` Virginie '' was a téléroman-style drama that often used `` cliffhangers '' in the storylines . It aired 120 episodes per year of 30 minutes each . The series was produced and largely written by Fabienne Larouche . Virginie ended in December 2010 after 15 years on air ; the last episode aired on December 15 , 2010 . The final episode drew more than 807,000 viewers in Quebec , or about 200,000 more than its average viewership for a typical episode . The program maintained a high level of popularity throughout its television run .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "648755fec5f014fc4e5d345ce374b50e", "text": "Mel Sharples Melvin Emory Sharples ( commonly known as Mel ) is a fictional character in the 1974 film Alice Does n't Live Here Anymore and the television sitcom series , Alice . The character was played by Vic Tayback , who reprised his movie role for the television show .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "290759ae97a636557d9eab7656bd06f4", "text": "D-TV D-TV is a series of music videos created by Walt Disney Productions in 1984 . Disney combined hit songs from the past with footage of vintage Disney animation , created in the style of MTV music videos , which inspired the name of this series . The videos were shown as filler material on the Disney Channel ( as the network did not air commercials at this time ) , as well as being the focus of television specials . Home video collections were also released on the VHS , Beta , CED Videodisc , and Laserdisc formats . After the first run of D-TV , in 1989 a second series was produced known as DTV ² . The show 's main title theme song is `` RPM '' from Larry Owens for the Network Music Library . D-TV ceased airing in 1999 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "15a67489d3025ff5b6dab468826a7a0c", "text": "List of Melrose Place episodes Melrose Place , a primetime soap opera created by Darren Star , premiered on July 8 , 1992 on Fox network in the United States and ended on May 24 , 1999 . The show spans seven seasons of 226 episodes , and one special aired in 1995 . Each episode was approximately 45 minutes long ( without commercials ) though there were several double or two-part episodes that were shown as feature length 85 to 90 minute episodes The complete series of Melrose Place has been released on DVD in the United States ( Region 1 ) from 2006 to 2012 , with the final season having been released on July 31 , 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c971964bc2491333071d00e5721beba3", "text": "Bride and Groom (TV series) Bride and Groom is an American daytime television series . It was originally broadcast in the early 1950s on CBS , and later moved to NBC . It could be considered an early reality series . The series presented marriages live on the air , but these couples were not put together for the purpose of the program . Couples who were intending to get married could apply to be married on the show . The CBS episodes aired in a 15-minute time-slot , with two commercial breaks . The program was based on a radio series . In a 1957 news article , it was stated that the divorce rate of couples married on the show was lower than the national average .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9ad3cca7e2148e3617b0f8ac12586235", "text": "Today with Des and Mel Today with Des and Mel was a British television series hosted by Des O'Connor and Melanie Sykes . The show featured celebrity guests , phone-in competitions and chat between the hosts . It was produced by Carlton Television , at The London Studios . The show was previously produced at Teddington Studios for the first series . Today with Des and Mel was loosely based on the format of the popular American television show , Live with Regis and Kelly . At one stage , the show was given the green light for an evening version to be made . For a short time in January 2005 , the show appeared in a 5 p.m. slot , but this was soon dropped , and a full prime-time version never came about . ITV announced on 12 May 2006 , that the show had been axed .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "68fb86fb125294b15cb2af8a748a6f8a", "text": "L.A. Law L.A. Law is an American television legal drama series that ran for eight seasons on NBC , from September 15 , 1986 , to May 19 , 1994 . Created by Steven Bochco and Terry Louise Fisher , it contained many of Bochco 's trademark features including an ensemble cast , large number of parallel storylines , social drama , and off-the-wall humor . It reflected the social and cultural ideologies of the 1980s and early 1990s , and many of the cases featured on the show dealt with hot-topic issues such as capital punishment , abortion , racism , gay rights , homophobia , sexual harassment , AIDS , and domestic violence . The series often also reflected social tensions between the wealthy senior lawyer protagonists and their less well-paid junior staff . In addition to its main cast , L.A. Law was also well known for featuring then relatively unknown actors and actresses in guest starring roles , who later went on to greater success in film and television including : Don Cheadle , Jeffrey Tambor , Kathy Bates , David Schwimmer , Jay O. Sanders , James Avery , Gates McFadden , Bryan Cranston , C.C.H. Pounder , Kevin Spacey , Richard Schiff , Carrie-Anne Moss , William H. Macy , Stephen Root , Christian Slater , and Lucy Liu . Several episodes of the show also included celebrities such as Vanna White , Buddy Hackett and Mamie Van Doren appearing as themselves in cameo roles . The show was popular with audiences and critics , and won 15 Emmy Awards throughout its run , four of which were for Outstanding Drama Series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "06e652f724e59fc2257f23d746d8453c", "text": "The Singing Detective The Singing Detective is a BBC television serial drama , written by Dennis Potter , which stars Michael Gambon and was directed by Jon Amiel . The six episodes were `` Skin '' , `` Heat '' , `` Lovely Days '' , `` Clues '' , `` Pitter Patter '' and `` Who Done It '' . The serial was broadcast in the United Kingdom on BBC1 in 1986 on Sunday nights from 16 November to 21 December with later PBS and cable television showings in the United States . It won a Peabody Award in 1989 . It ranks 20th on the British Film Institute 's list of the 100 Greatest British Television Programmes , as voted by industry professionals in 2000 . It was included in the 1992 Dennis Potter retrospective at the Museum of Television & Radio and became a permanent addition to the Museum 's collections in New York and Los Angeles . There was co-production funding from the Australian Broadcasting Corporation . It was released on DVD in the US on 15 April 2003 and in the UK on 8 March 2004 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0ee9c4b06e6b5407248a27c9fe207c11", "text": "List of Supergirl episodes Supergirl is an American superhero action-adventure drama television series developed by Ali Adler , Greg Berlanti and Andrew Kreisberg ( the latter two having previously created Arrow and The Flash ) that originally aired on CBS and premiered on October 26 , 2015 . It is based on the DC Comics character Supergirl ( Kara Zor-El ) , created by Otto Binder and Al Plastino , and stars Melissa Benoist in the title role . Supergirl is a costumed superheroine who is the biological cousin to Superman and one of the last surviving Kryptonians . The series was officially picked up on May 6 , 2015 , after receiving a series commitment in September 2014 , and received a full season order on November 30 , 2015 . On May 12 , 2016 , Warner Bros. . Television announced that the series had been renewed for a second season and that it would move from CBS to The CW . It debuted on October 10 , 2016 . On January 8 , 2017 , The CW renewed the series for a third season .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7f3c0cd7d42e6b5ce994653a12070383", "text": "As the World Turns As the World Turns ( often referred to as ATWT ) is an American television soap opera that aired on CBS for 54 years from April 2 , 1956 , to September 17 , 2010 . Irna Phillips created As the World Turns as a sister show to her other soap opera Guiding Light . Running for 54 years , As the World Turns holds the second-longest continuous run of any daytime network soap opera on American television , surpassed only by Guiding Light . As the World Turns was produced for the first 43 years in Manhattan and in Brooklyn from 2000 until 2010 . Set in the fictional town of Oakdale , Illinois , the show debuted on April 2 , 1956 , at 1:30 pm EST. . Prior to that date , all serials had been 15 minutes in length . As the World Turns and The Edge of Night , which premiered on the same day at 4:30 pm EST , were the first two to be 30 minutes in length from their premiere . At first , viewers did not respond to the new half-hour serial , but ratings picked up in its second year , eventually reaching the top spot in the daytime Nielsen ratings by fall 1958 . In 1959 , the show started a streak of weekly ratings wins that was not interrupted for over 12 years . The show switched to color on August 21 , 1967 , and expanded from a half-hour in length to one hour starting on December 1 , 1975 , when The Edge of Night moved to ABC . In the year-to-date ratings , As the World Turns was the most-watched daytime drama from 1958 until 1978 , with ten million viewers tuning in each day . At its height , core actors such as Helen Wagner , Don MacLaughlin , Don Hastings , and Eileen Fulton became nationally known . Three of these actors -- Wagner , Hastings , and Fulton -- are also the three longest serving actors in the history of American soap operas . The show passed its 10,000 th episode on May 12 , 1995 , and celebrated its 50th anniversary on April 2 , 2006 . On September 18 , 2009 , As the World Turns became the last remaining Procter and Gamble-produced soap opera for CBS after Guiding Light aired its final episode on the network . On December 8 , 2009 , CBS announced that it cancelled As the World Turns after almost 54 years due to low ratings . The show taped its final Procter and Gamble scenes for CBS on June 23 , 2010 , and with a dramatic storyline finale , its final episode on the network aired on September 17 , 2010 . On October 18 , 2010 , CBS replaced As the World Turns with a newly debuted talk show The Talk .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "07cd83192e2fa12eba1d135cfbd1198e", "text": "Neighbours Neighbours is an Australian television soap opera . It was first broadcast on the Seven Network on 18 March 1985 . It was created by TV executive Reg Watson , who proposed the idea of making a show that focused on realistic stories and portrayed adults and teenagers who talk openly and solve their problems together . Seven decided to commission the show following the success of Watson 's Sons and Daughters , which aired on the network . Although successful in Melbourne , Neighbours underperformed in the Sydney market and struggled for months before Seven cancelled it . The show was immediately bought by rival network Ten . After taking over production of the show , the new network had to build replica sets because Seven destroyed the originals to prevent its rival from obtaining them . Ten began screening Neighbours on 20 January 1986 , taking off where the previous series left off and commencing with episode 171 . Neighbours has since become the longest running drama series in Australian television and in 2005 , it was inducted collectively into the Logie Hall of Fame . On 11 January 2011 , Neighbours moved to Ten 's digital channel , Eleven . The show 's storylines concern the domestic and professional lives of the people who live and work in Erinsborough , a fictional suburb of Melbourne , Victoria . The series primarily centres on the residents of Ramsay Street , a short cul-de-sac , and its neighbouring area , the Lassiters complex , which includes a bar , hotel , cafe , police station , lawyers ' office and park . Neighbours began with three families created by Watson -- the Ramsays , the Robinsons and the Clarkes . Watson said that he wanted to show three families who are friends living in a small street . The Robinsons and the Ramsays had a long history and were involved in an ongoing rivalry . Pin Oak Court , in Vermont South , is the real cul-de-sac that has doubled for Ramsay Street since 1985 . All of the houses featured are real and the residents allow the production to shoot external scenes in their yards . The interior scenes are filmed at the Global Television studios in Forest Hill . Through its entire run in Australia , Neighbours has been screened as a twenty-two-minute episode each week night in an early-evening slot . In Australia it is currently broadcast each weeknight at 6:30 pm on Eleven . The show is produced by FremantleMedia and has been sold to over sixty countries around the world , making it one of Australia 's most successful media exports . Neighbours was first screened in the United Kingdom in October 1986 on BBC1 where it achieved huge popularity among British audiences in the late 1980s and 1990s . In 2008 , it moved to the UK 's Channel 5 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e054797eb7ea82dc6017417c703a8f18", "text": "Melora Hardin Melora Diane Hardin ( born June 29 , 1967 ) is an American actress and singer , known for her roles as Jan Levinson on NBC 's The Office and Trudy Monk on USA 's Monk . More recently , Hardin appeared in a recurring role on Amazon 's critically acclaimed series Transparent , for which she was nominated for an Emmy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "138f9bc8bbe8ee014b5918ea356f9e70", "text": "Lana Parrilla Lana Maria Parrilla ( born July 15 , 1977 ) is an American actress . Parrilla is best known for her roles on television and radio . She was a regular cast member in the fifth season of the ABC sitcom Spin City from 2000 to 2001 . She later starred in Boomtown ( 2002-2003 ) , Windfall ( 2006 ) , Swingtown ( 2008 ) and as Doctor Eva Zambrano in the short-lived medical drama Miami Medical ( 2010 ) . She also played the role of Sarah Gavin during the fourth season of the Fox series 24 in 2005 . In 2011 , Parrilla began starring as The Evil Queen/Regina Mills in the ABC fantasy drama series , Once Upon a Time . In 2016 Parrilla won a Teen Choice Award for Choice TV Actress : Fantasy/Sci-Fic .", "title": "" } ]	fever
c4617d8896812c9c299df3b872fb421e	Nina Simone has had the same name since birth.	[ { "docid": "a10e97350c98b8e0ac8ab5b8e2f94c74", "text": "Nina Simone Nina Simone ( -LSB- ˈniːnə_sᵻˈmoʊn -RSB- born Eunice Kathleen Waymon ; February 21 , 1933 -- April 21 , 2003 ) was an American singer , songwriter , pianist , arranger , and activist in the Civil Rights Movement . Simone employed a broad range of musical styles including classical , jazz , blues , folk , R&B , gospel , and pop . Born in North Carolina , the sixth child of a preacher , Waymon aspired to be a concert pianist . With the help of a few supporters in her hometown of Tryon , North Carolina , she enrolled in the Juilliard School of Music in New York . Waymon then applied for a scholarship to study at the prestigious Curtis Institute of Music in Philadelphia , where she was denied despite a well-received audition . Waymon became fully convinced this rejection had been entirely due to her race , a statement that has been a matter of controversy . Years later , two days before her death , the Curtis Institute of Music bestowed on her an honorary degree . To make a living , Eunice Waymon changed her name to `` Nina Simone '' . The change related to her need to disguise herself from family members , having chosen to play `` the devil 's music '' or `` cocktail piano '' at a nightclub in Atlantic City . She was told in the nightclub that she would have to sing to her own accompaniment , and this effectively launched her career as a jazz vocalist . Simone recorded more than 40 albums , mostly between 1958 , when she made her debut with Little Girl Blue , and 1974 . She had a hit in the United States in 1958 with `` I Loves You , Porgy '' . Simone 's musical style fused gospel and pop with classical music , in particular Johann Sebastian Bach , and accompanied expressive , jazz-like singing in her contralto voice .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "981db10b0c7daa4a27e57e35ef3abfcd", "text": "Same Girl (Na Yoon-sun album) Same Girl is the seventh studio album by a Korean jazz vocalist , Na Yoon-Sun , released on 17 August 2010 in Germany . The album contains eleven songs by Na Yoon-Sun . The styles of the album are Korean , North/East Asian Traditions . The album is her second release as a leader of ACT Music , after spending a decade with a French band . The materials from sources are as diverse as Randy Newman , Sergio Mendes , and Metallica . She kept the same ensemble as she worked on `` Voyage '' - guitarist Ulf Wakenius , bassist Lars Danielsson and percussionist Xavier Desandre Navarre . With her talents in treating each syllable in acrobatics and other vocal techniques recorded in `` Same Girl '' reinforces her reputation . Na shows her sense of humor in many of the tracks . In her song , `` Pancake '' , she talks about how much she likes to consume her favorite fast foods like ice cream , donuts and milkshake . Her interpretation of Randy Newman 's `` Same Girl '' is a solo performance that carries a genuine emotion . Na arranges a Korean traditional folk song in this album , and create a mass version of Kangwondo Arirang . Then she does again in her next album , Lento , with a title , Arirang , which she performs in a closing ceremony Sochi Winter Olympic in 2014 . Na sings in her `` Song of No Regrets '' with Lars Danielsson 's cello . The song `` Moondog '' by Terry Cox contains Na 's kazoo solo , Ulf Wakenius 's guitar and Xavier Desandre Navarre 's drum . She also shows her scat style in her song , `` Breakfast in Bagdhad '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "552dcd84ebe20e05e4503185ed0dbf9c", "text": "Edna Gallmon Cooke Madame Edna Gallmon Cooke ( 1918 - September 4 , 1967 ) was a renowned gospel singer and recording artist from 1949 until her death in 1967 . Personal information about Ms. Cooke is scarce and most of her biographical details have been gleaned from the liner notes of her various albums . Ms. Gallmon Cooke is best known for her recordings of `` Stop Gambler '' and `` Heavy Load '' . Born in Columbia , South Carolina in 1918 , the daughter of a Baptist preacher , Reverend Eddie J. Gallmon also a former pastor at Bethlehem Baptist Church ( College place ) . Edna Gallmon Cooke was more formally educated and musically trained than most of her gospel peers . As a young adult , she lived and studied in Washington D.C. and Philadelphia , attending Temple University and briefly teaching elementary school . She had contemplated a career in semi-classics and show tunes when she underwent a musical conversion of sorts after hearing gospel singer , Willie Mae Ford Smith in the late 1930s . `` I was shocked . The woman sang with such finesse ... I knew I had to be a gospel singer . '' Shortly after , Ms. Gallmon Cooke joined the Holiness Church and became preeminently consecrated -- with the Holiness Church bestowing the honorific ` Madame ' to her name to announce her devotion . During the 1940s , Madame Gallmon Cooke toured the Southeast , billed as the `` Sweetheart of the Potomac '' . She performed hymns and gospel songs in the manner of Willie Mae Ford Smith , but her mezzo-soprano could not duplicate Smith 's contralto blasts . Elaborating on that style , Gallmon Cooke returned to familiar sources , popularizing the sermonettes and spirituals her father Eddie Gallmon had performed in the 1920s . Madame Gallmon Cooke became a `` transcendent moaner and a mistress of what note-bending musicologists call melisma and church folks call curlicues , runs and flowers and frills . '' Ms. Cooke began recording in the late 1940s for the Nashboro Recording Label in Nashville , TN usually accompanied by her father 's choir , The Young People 's Choir of the Springfield Baptist Church of Washington , DC . Her later recordings included male vocal groups . Madame Gallmon Cooke 's commanding switch in styles occurred after her marriage to Barney Parks , Jr. , a former member of The Dixie Hummingbirds and a founder of The Sensational Nightingales . They had met in 1951 when Marie Knight , Rosetta Tharpe 's old partner , organized a tour featuring herself , Cooke , and The Nightingales . Under Park 's management and direction , Madame Edna Gallmon Cooke became a household name in gospel . It is suspected that the name Cooke was from her first marriage which ended because of the death of her husband . The liner notes to `` Mother Smith and Her Children '' describes Madame Cooke as `` an exquisite stylist , with a sensuous appeal akin to Billie Holiday . She is referred to as rap music 's gospel progenitor ; a penchant for rhymed , spoken chants produced her most famous recordings . '' Ms. Cooke died in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania on September 4 , 1967 . She was 49 years old .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0fa6135b81cc1ce4c329c3d4d5d34e82", "text": "Martini In The Morning Martini In The Morning is an internet radio station based in Los Angeles . Martini in the Morning , often shortened to `` MITM '' to resemble traditional radio station call letters , was created when Los Angeles radio station Fabulous 690 XETRA ( originally Fabulous 570 KLAC ) was sold in February 2006 , to become a Spanish language station . Brad ` Martini ' Chambers who created the new , more contemporary `` Adult Standards '' format for his then employers , Clear Channel Radio is the Program Director and principal host along with ` Mother ' Miriam Garfield . The station broadcasts 24 hours a day and is based in Studio City , Ca . Their broadcast format is similar to what is commonly referred to as `` Adult Standards '' , featuring Jazz Standards , primarily songs from what is often referred to as `` The Great American Songbook '' . The station is active in promoting the genre that the `` Great American Songbook '' represents and ensuring this musical genre does not disappear from the air . There were once hundreds of American radio stations programming similar music . There are now fewer than 200 , and many of those are a mix of `` Great American Songbook '' tunes with a larger percentage of more current `` Adult Contemporary '' music . Martini in the Morning features music written by the likes of Hoagy Carmichael , Cole Porter , Irving Berlin , Rodgers and Hart , Rodgers and Hammerstein , Johnny Mercer , Henry Mancini , Jimmy McHugh , Dorothy Fields , Fats Waller , Jerome Kern , Sammy Cahn , Jimmy Van Heusen , and many others , performed by the historical greats like Ella Fitzgerald , Frank Sinatra , Dean Martin , Sammy Davis Jr. , Billie Holiday , Bobby Darin , Dinah Washington as well as the more modern `` crooners '' like Steve Tyrell , Tony Bennett , Diana Krall , Michael Bublé , Michael Feinstein , and established pop/rock and R&B artists crossing over into the genre , such as Sting , Paul McCartney , Rod Stewart , Queen Latifah , Lady Gaga and others . The station is available on-line through various means , using iTunes ( Golden Oldies ) , mobile apps including TuneIn Radio , StreamS HiFi , Reciva , vTuner , Radio Loyalty and others available through the App Store or Marketplace , or you can connect directly via internet address : http://martiniinthemorning.com or watch live in studio on-line during the stations 's `` Morning Show '' 6:00 AM -- 10:00 AM Pacific time at http://www.martiniinthemorning.com/martinivision.html or via Ustream.tv - http://ustream.tv/mitm .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1cc3c7508b6f49d213161a87cdbe3fc9", "text": "Say Her Name #SayHerName is a social movement that seeks to raise awareness for black female victims of police brutality and anti-Black violence in the United States . #SayHerName aims to change the public perception that victims of police brutality and anti-Black violence are predominantly male by highlighting the gender-specific ways in which black women , particularly black queer women and black transgender women , are disproportionately affected by fatal acts of racial injustice . In an effort to create a large social media presence alongside existing racial justice campaigns , such as #BlackLivesMatter and #BlackGirlsMatter , the African American Policy Forum ( AAPF ) coined the hashtag #SayHerName in February 2015 . In May 2015 , the AAPF released a report entitled `` Say Her Name : Resisting Police Brutality against Black Women , '' which outlined the goals and objectives of the #SayHerName movement . Following Sandra Bland 's fatal encounter with police in July 2015 , the AAPF , in conjunction with the Center for Intersectionality and Social Policy Studies at Columbia Law School and Soros Justice Fellow , Andrea Ritchie , issued an updated version of the original report . The updated version includes a description of the circumstances surrounding Bland 's death , as well as several accounts detailing recent incidents of police-instigated violence against black women , including Tanisha Anderson and Rekia Boyd . In addition to these accounts , the report provides an analytical framework for understanding black women 's susceptibility to police brutality and state-sanctioned violence , as well as offers some suggestions on how to effectively mobilize various communities and empower them to advocate for racial justice . Drawing from the AAPF report , the #SayHerName movement strives to address the invisibilization of black women within mainstream media and , more specifically , the #BlackLivesMatter movement . Of the movement 's many agendas , one includes commemorating the women who have lost their lives due to police brutality and anti-Black violence . To advance this agenda , the AAPF , along with twenty local sponsors and the Center for Intersectionality and Social Policy Studies at Columbia Law School , organized a vigil on May 20 , 2015 , in New York City , where dozens gathered to demand that the public no longer ignore black women 's struggles against gendered , racialized violence .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "932348b06fd88b73e93e2b875ef04546", "text": "Amanda Amanda is a Latin female gerundive name meaning `` having to be loved , '' `` deserving to be loved , '' `` worthy of love , '' or `` loved very much by everyone . '' The name `` Amanda '' first appeared in 1212 on a birth record from Warwickshire , England , and five centuries later the name was popularized by poets and playwrights . In the United States , `` Amanda '' slowly became more prominent from the 1930s to the 1960s , ranking among the top 200 baby names . From 1976 to 1995 , `` Amanda '' ranked in the ten most popular female baby names in the United States . The name was most popular from 1978 to 1992 , when it ranked in the top 4 . At its prime , in 1980 , it was the second most popular . In 2009 , `` Amanda '' ranked number 166 . It was ranked among the top ten names given to girls born in Puerto Rico in 2009 . The name is also currently popular in Sweden , where it ranked twentieth for girls born in 2009 , down five places from the year 2008 . It is also popular in Swedish-speaking families in Finland , where it ranked among the top ten names for girls born to ethnic Swedes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b04161fffd309136a4a9a120f4c3946b", "text": "Simone Sello Simone Sello ( born July 4 , 1968 ) is an Italian born guitarist , music producer , songwriter and music journalist . He is known for his work with the Sanremo Festival Orchestra , Chicanery , Billy Sheehan , Aaron Carter , Disney , Hannah Montana , Vasco Rossi , Amber Lily , and Warren Cuccurullo , both as a producer and guitarist ; and as a journalist for the magazines Chitarre , Strumenti Musicali , Accordo and Ganzo . He is an owner of music production companies RedRum Productions , Session Recording and MusicDemoProducer.com , with each company oriented towards a distinct clientele . RedRum Productions is geared towards contemporary music production for artists , film and TV ; Session Recording mostly caters to projects outside the Los Angeles area , and MusicDemoProducer.com aims to bring a simplified approach to professional music production to any user , over the web . His musical upbringing is based on classical violin studies , as well as watching and hearing his father play guitar , but he never took a formal guitar lesson , in spite of his career as a guitar player . His influences include major classical and jazz composers and performers , ( Bach , Ravel , Miles Davis , Weather Report ) , pop and rock acts ( The Beatles , David Bowie , Pink Floyd , Metallica , Lucio Battisti ) , and experimental artists ( Luciano Berio , Brian Eno , Terje Rypdal , Klaus Schulze ) . Equally interested in performing , composing and producing music , Simone started getting hired to play guitar for recording sessions and live performances by artists in his hometown Rome when he was 17 years old , and eventually became known on a national level . While building a long list of musical collaborations , he started writing articles for magazines , thus achieving a different kind of exposure , still in the music field . At the age of 29 , he moved to Los Angeles to push his musician and journalist careers , by joining a big international scene .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c950122beea03b1aa9db8793dedc221b", "text": "Namesake A namesake is a person named after another . Namesake may also refer to a thing , such as a company , place , ship , building , or concept , named after a person . In general , the second recipient of a name , named for the first , is said to be the namesake of the first . The attribution can , however , go in the opposite direction , with namesake referring to the original holder of the name ( the eponym ) . The word is first recorded in the mid-seventeenth century , and probably comes from the phrase `` for -LSB- the , my , his , her -RSB- name 's sake '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "161587db33e6bc0e7abfc9f9c81274d8", "text": "Pseudonym A pseudonym ( -LSB- pronˈsjuːdənɪm -RSB- and -LSB- pronˈsuːdənɪm -RSB- ) or alias is a name that a person or group assumes for a particular purpose , which can differ from their original or true name ( orthonym ) . Pseudonyms include stage names and user names ( both called screen names ) , ring names , pen names , nicknames , aliases , superhero or villain identities and code names , gamer identifications , and regnal names of emperors , popes , and other monarchs . Historically , they have often taken the form of anagrams , Graecisms , and Latinisations , although there are many other methods of choosing a pseudonym . Pseudonyms should not be confused with new names that replace old ones and become the individual 's full-time name . Pseudonyms are `` part-time '' names , used only in certain contexts - usually adopted to hide an individual 's real identity , as with writers ' pen names , graffiti artists ' tags , resistance fighters ' or terrorists ' noms de guerre , and computer hackers ' handles . Actors , musicians , and other performers sometimes use stage names , for example , to mask their ethnic backgrounds . In some cases , pseudonyms are adopted because they are part of a cultural or organisational tradition : for example devotional names used by members of some religious institutes , and `` cadre names '' used by Communist party leaders such as Trotsky and Lenin . A pseudonym may also be used for personal reasons : for example , an individual may prefer to be called or known by a name that differs from their given or legal name , but is not ready to take the numerous steps to get their name legally changed ; or an individual may simply feel that the context and content of an exchange offer no reason , legal or otherwise , to provide their given or legal name . A collective name or collective pseudonym is one shared by two or more persons , for example the co-authors of a work , such as Ellery Queen , or Nicolas Bourbaki .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "895d503e29519e393bcae7d49d9a4e29", "text": "Mina (singer) Anna Maria Quaini ( born 25 March 1940 ) , known as Mina Mazzini or simply Mina , is an Italian singer . She was a staple of television variety shows and a dominant figure in Italian pop music from the 1960s to the mid-1970s , known for her three-octave vocal range , the agility of her soprano voice , and her image as an emancipated woman . In performance , Mina combined several modern styles with traditional Italian melodies and swing music , which made her the most versatile pop singer in Italian music . Mina dominated the country 's charts for fifteen years and reached an unsurpassed level of popularity . She has scored 79 albums and 71 singles on the Italian charts . Mina 's TV appearances in 1959 were the first for a female rock and roll singer in Italy . Her loud syncopated singing earned her the nickname Queen of Screamers . The public also labeled her the Tiger of Cremona for her wild gestures and body shakes . When she turned to light pop tunes , Mina 's chart-toppers in West Germany in 1962 and Japan in 1964 earned her the title of the best international artist in these countries . Mina 's more refined sensual manner was introduced in 1960 with Gino Paoli 's ballad `` This World We Love In '' , which charted on the Billboard Hot 100 in 1961 . Mina was banned from TV and radio in 1963 because her pregnancy and relationship with a married actor did not accord with the dominant Catholic and bourgeois morals . After the ban , the public broadcasting service RAI tried to continue to prohibit her songs , which were forthright in dealing with subjects such as religion , smoking and sex . Mina 's cool act combined sex appeal with public smoking , dyed blonde hair , and shaved eyebrows to create a `` bad girl '' image . Mina 's voice has distinctive timbre and great power . Her main themes are anguished love stories performed in high dramatic tones . The singer combined classic Italian pop with elements of blues , R&B and soul music during the late 1960s , especially when she worked in collaboration with the singer-songwriter Lucio Battisti . Top Italian songwriters created material with large vocal ranges and unusual chord progressions to showcase her singing skills , particularly `` Brava '' by Bruno Canfora ( 1965 ) and the pseudo-serial `` Se telefonando '' by Ennio Morricone ( 1966 ) . The latter song was covered by several performers abroad . Shirley Bassey carried Mina 's ballad `` Grande grande grande '' to charts in the U.S. , U.K. , and other English-speaking countries in 1973 . Mina 's easy listening duet `` Parole parole '' was turned into a worldwide hit by Dalida and Alain Delon in 1974 . Mina gave up public appearances in 1978 but has continued to release popular albums on a yearly basis to the present day .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a578fecd5407fea164798d859e7b6d7f", "text": "Lola (given name) Lola is a feminine given name in German , Spanish and other language groups . It is a short form of the Spanish name Dolores , meaning `` sorrows '' , taken from one of the titles of the Virgin Mary : Nuestra Señora de los Dolores , or Our Lady of Sorrows . Lola is also a short form of the unrelated German name Aloisia . The name Lola is also common in Africa ; in Nigeria , many feminine names are shortened to Lola , such as Temilola , Omolola or Damilola . Lola ( Tajik for tulip ) is also a feminine name in Uzbekistan , Tajikistan , and Afghanistan . It is derived from the Persian لاله or lâleh . The short form Lola has been rising in popularity in several countries in the past decade . It was the 270th most popular name for baby girls born in the United States in 2007 , up from 279th place in 2006 and 375th place in 2005 ; was ranked as the 64th most popular name for baby girls in Spain in 2006 ; was ranked as the 51st most popular name for baby girls in England and Wales in 2007 ; was the 17th most popular name for baby girls in France in 2004 ; and was the 20th most popular name for baby girls in Belgium in 2006 . Though the name originated with a title for the Blessed Virgin Mary , mother of Jesus Christ , Lola has also acquired a number of contrasting sensual associations . American authors Pamela Redmond Satran and Linda Rosenkrantz noted in their 2008 book Cool Names for Babies that the name has a sultry image and that people associate the name with the song `` Whatever Lola Wants , Lola Gets '' from the musical Damn Yankees , in which the character of Lola is the Devil 's `` best homewrecker . '' The name also has associations with the Irish-born Lola Montez , who became famous in the nineteenth century as an actress , Spanish dancer , courtesan and mistress of King Ludwig I of Bavaria . Lolita is a Spanish diminutive form of Lola , The name 's sexually charged image in certain countries is also due to associations with Lola , a 1970 song by The Kinks about a young man 's encounter with a transvestite named Lola . The title character in the 1998 German feature film Run Lola Run may also have raised the name 's profile , as has Lola , a clever and inquisitive child character in a recently published series of children 's picture books by Lauren Child . The naming of several children of celebrities in the past decade has increased the popularity of the name . Madonna uses the nickname `` Lola '' for her daughter Lourdes Leon , born in 1996 . Entertainers Kelly Ripa , Chris Rock , Denise Richards and Charlie Sheen , Carnie Wilson and Annie Lennox all have daughters named Lola . The name was also used for a granddaughter of Camilla Parker Bowles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "defa61efb12976861a4074d827895caa", "text": "Turbulent Indigo Turbulent Indigo is the fifteenth album by Canadian singer-songwriter Joni Mitchell . Released in 1994 , it won a Grammy Award for Pop Album of the Year . John Milward , writing for Rolling Stone , wrote that it was Mitchell 's `` best album since the mid - '70s '' . The album marked her return to Warner Music ( formerly WEA ) distribution after her previous album , Night Ride Home , was distributed by MCA for its then-newly purchased subsidiary Geffen Records ( which , prior to the sale to MCA , had distributed through WEA ) . The album takes inspiration from the Dutch artist Vincent van Gogh for Mitchell 's self-portrait on the cover . The song `` Turbulent Indigo '' references Van Gogh , while the song `` Magdalene Laundries '' recounts the sufferings of Irish women once consigned to Magdalen Asylums run by the Roman Catholic Church and made to work in the asylum 's laundries . The song `` Not to Blame '' was rumored to be about Mitchell 's singer-songwriting colleague Jackson Browne who was alleged to have beaten his girlfriend , actress Daryl Hannah ; Mitchell denies this . . The song `` Sex Kills '' referenced a number of late 20th century topical issues , including violence , AIDS , global warming and consumerism . , the album has sold 311,000 copies in the US .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "878bf4ac93b79fafb61d2c3692c63056", "text": "Simone Philip Kamel Simone Philip Kamel ( born June 16 , 1966 ) is an Egyptian singer , that throughout the 1990s was famous for her soprano voice . Her most famous songs include '' مش نظرة وابتسامة '' ( Not just a look and a smile ) , '' تاكسي '' ( Taxi ) , '' خاف مني '' ( Be afraid of Me ) , '' مبسوطة '' ( Happy ) , '' تاني تاني '' ( Again again ) , '' مرسي '' ( Thank you ) , '' ساعتى مش مظبوطة '' ( My watch is not accurate ) , '' كازانوفا '' ( Casanova ) , '' بتكلم جد '' ( I 'm talking seriously ) . She also released a Greek/Arabic song called `` Munawar '' for the Greek-Egyptian Friendship Festival .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "59fdd9bbbbb59f3f218a1f7845d23403", "text": "Simone Mantia Simone Mantia ( 6 February 1873 -- 25 June 1951 ) was an American baritone horn/euphonium virtuoso and also trombone artist at the turn of the twentieth century . He was both a performer and administrator with many American band and orchestral ensembles . On baritone/euphonium he is often cited as the master of the instrument in his time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "492bbeb7b37cbe309622dbb3ea387704", "text": "Celine Dion Céline Marie Claudette Dion , ( -LSB- ˈdiːɒn -RSB- -LSB- seˈlɪn dziˈjɔ̃ -RSB- ; born 30 March 1968 ) is a Canadian singer and businesswoman . Born into a large family from Charlemagne , Quebec , Dion emerged as a teen star in the French-speaking world after her manager and future husband René Angélil mortgaged his home to finance her first record . Dion first gained international recognition in the 1980s by winning both the 1982 Yamaha World Popular Song Festival and the 1988 Eurovision Song Contest where she represented Switzerland . Following a series of French albums during the 1980s , she signed on to Epic Records in the United States . In 1990 , Dion released her debut English-language album , Unison , establishing herself as a viable pop artist in North America and other English-speaking areas of the world . During the 1990s , with the help of Angélil , she achieved worldwide fame after releasing several English albums along with additional French albums . Her albums , Falling into You ( 1996 ) and Let 's Talk About Love ( 1997 ) , were both certified diamond in the US while D'eux ( 1995 ) became the best-selling French-language album of all time . She also scored a series of international number-one hits , including `` Nothing Broken but My Heart '' , `` The Power of Love '' , `` Think Twice '' , `` Because You Loved Me '' , `` It 's All Coming Back to Me Now '' , `` My Heart Will Go On '' , and `` I 'm Your Angel . '' However , in 1999 at the height of her success , Dion announced a hiatus from entertainment to start a family and spend time with her husband , who had been diagnosed with cancer . She returned to the top of pop music in 2002 and signed to perform nightly in A New Day ... ( 2003 -- 07 ) , a five-star theatrical show at the Colosseum at Caesars Palace , on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise , Nevada . It became the most successful residency show of all time , grossing US $ 385 million . Dion 's music has been influenced by genres ranging from rock and R&B to gospel and classical . Her recordings are mainly in French and English , although she also sings in Spanish , Italian , German , Latin , Japanese , and Mandarin Chinese . While her releases have often received mixed critical reception , she is regarded as one of pop music 's most influential voices . Dion has won five Grammy Awards , including Album of the Year and Record of the Year . She is the second best-selling female artist in the US during the Nielsen SoundScan era . In 2003 , Dion was honoured by the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry ( IFPI ) for selling over 50 million albums in Europe . Dion remains the best-selling Canadian artist and one of the best-selling artists of all time with record sales of over 200 million copies worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2ef9f6311fd26153a9f6e084211b7fab", "text": "Nina Simone at Newport Nina Simone at Newport is an album by jazz singer and musician Nina Simone . It was her second live album for Colpix , recorded at the Newport Jazz Festival on June 30 , 1960 . All arrangements were written by Nina Simone , and it was produced by Stu Phillips .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dc172f1ef685c2db421e5343624548f8", "text": "Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance The Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance ( previously called Best Rhythm and Blues Solo Vocal Performance , Female ) was an honor presented at the Grammy Awards , a ceremony established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards , to female recording artists for quality R&B songs . Awards in several categories are distributed annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to `` honor artistic achievement , technical proficiency and overall excellence in the recording industry , without regard to album sales or chart position . '' According to the category description guide for the 52nd Grammy Awards , the award was presented to artists that performed `` newly recorded solo R&B vocal performances '' . Solo numbers by members of an established group were not eligible for the award as `` separate entries from the duo or group performances . '' Albums were also considered for the accolade until 1992 . As a part of the major overhaul of Grammy categories , the award was discontinued in 2011 . The Female R&B Vocal Performance category , Male R&B Vocal Performance category and all duo/group vocal performances in the R&B category shifted to the Best R&B Performance category in 2012 . The award for the Best Female R&B Vocal Performance was first presented to Aretha Franklin at the 10th Grammy Awards ceremony in 1968 for the song `` Respect '' . Franklin received the most wins with eleven , followed by Anita Baker with five . Franklin also holds the record for the most nominations with twenty-three , while Chaka Khan is second with eight nominations . Fantasia Barrino became the final recipient of the award , when her song `` Bittersweet '' won the award in 2011 . The award was presented to artists from the United States each year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eca6b878d58343dd16a6c73a6770a25c", "text": "Simone Egeriis Simone Egeriis ( born January 28 , 1992 ) , better known as simply Simone , is a Danish pop singer . She was born and raised in Slagelse , Denmark . She is known in Denmark for winning the Danish TV talent show Scenen er din ( ` The Stage is Yours ' ) in the category Junior Singing . She has since released three studio albums - her debut was called Vindens Farver or Colours of the Wind , the song from Disney 's Pocahontas , with which she won Scenen er Din . She also plays the violin and the piano .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2eb038aba46a8618514233fac6d1f668", "text": "Freddie Lee Peterkin Freddie Lee Peterkin , also known as Freddie Lee , is a published author , singer -- songwriter , actor and ordained interdenominational Minister , born in Pahokee , Florida . He is known for his gritty power soul vocals reminiscent of Bobby Womack . He has become an artist of public note through his 2008 independent release of the Soul and Gospel album Beyond Comprehension under the recording name of Freddie Lee . He made his prime time acting debut as `` DJ Freddie Murphy '' on Channel 4 's T4 Stars & Strikes and as a character in BBC2 's Grumpy Guide to Work in 2011 . He was also the voice for Bewiser Owl in the Bewiser Insurance TV commercial in 2012 and 2013 . He established himself in the live entertainment industry with his choreographed costume Soul Tribute stage productions for theatres and resorts in 1991 . These critically acclaimed shows include The Sounds of the Four Tops , The Sounds of the Drifters and The Sounds of the Temptations . Freddie Lee Peterkin is also a member of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity , Delta Psi Chapter a Fraternity known for members such as Martin Luther King . This historic organization was the first inter-collegiate Greek-letter organization established for Black college students founded on December 4 , 1906 . Peterkin was responsible for composing many Delta Psi Chapter fraternity anthems such as ' I Know I 've Been Changed ' written in 1985 while he was pledging . He was also a dancer and choreographer of the Delta Psi Chapter 's ` Step Shows ' . Stepping ( African-American ) or step-dancing is a form of percussive dance in which the participant 's entire body is used as an instrument to produce complex rhythms and sounds through a mixture of footsteps , spoken word , and hand claps and a strong part of Black Greek Letter Fraternities . Peterkin is the son of migrant workers originally from Georgia who came to Florida to pick crops for a living . He is of African and Seminole Indian heritage . His stepfather , James Elijah Jr. , was the lead vocalist of the 1960s and 1970s gospel group , The Royal Lights . His sister Breyona Elijah is part of the gospel group James Smith & Nu Birth and they are both cousins of Gospel group Damali . His mother Bernice Bell is also a singer and as a child won a competition to write a song for Joe Tex , for which she was awarded concert tickets and a chance to meet her idol . Joe Tex went on to have a major hit with the song but Bernice remained uncredited . Bernice Bell has been more recently recognized for her charity work and ran youth programs in Pahokee 's Padgett Island Community Center for 17 years and donating hot meals to Pahokee 's underprivileged children . The community center was recently renamed `` The Bernice Bell Community Center '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a7e3f4e690f749cb3d7df0ab4175d4a6", "text": "Nina Bouraoui Yasmina `` Nina '' Bouraoui ( Ar : نينا بو راوي , born 1967 ) is a French novelist and song-writer born in Rennes , Ille-et-Vilaine , of an Algerian father and a French mother . She spent the first fourteen years of her life in Algiers , then Zürich and Abu Dhabi . She now lives in Paris . Her novels are mostly written in the first person and , with the exception of Avant les hommes ( Before the Men ) , have been said by the author to be works of `` auto-fiction '' . This is even the case for Le Bal des Murènes ( The ball of moray eels ) , which , like Avant les hommes , has a male narrator . Since writing her first novel in 1991 , Bouraoui has affirmed the influence of Marguerite Duras in her work , although the life narratives and works many other artists are also to be found in her novels ( and songs ) . This is particularly true of Mes Mauvaises Pensées ( My Bad Thoughts ) which bears the imprint of Hervé Guibert , Annie Ernaux , David Lynch , Eileen Gray , and Violette Leduc amongst others . Questions of identity , desire , memory , writing , childhood and celebrity culture are some of the major themes of her work .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fc08468ce23f246260c7634c2ab35b09", "text": "Pescara Jazz Pescara Jazz is the name of an international jazz festival that takes place every year in July at Pescara , Italy . When it started in 1969 it was the first Italian summer festival dedicated to jazz music , and it is one of the most important in Europe . In 2009 the 37th edition of the festival to place . It has been going on continuously since 1981 , with a five year hiatus . The festival has hosted all the greatest names of jazz music : Pescara 's audience have had the pleasure to listen at the music of , among others , Philly Joe Jones , Larry Vuckovich , Duke Ellington , Miles Davis , Ella Fitzgerald , Louis Armstrong , Sarah Vaughan , Charles Mingus , Woody Herman , Oscar Peterson , Dave Brubeck , Chet Baker , Wayne Shorter until the most recent performances of Natalie Cole , Chick Corea , Keith Jarrett , Herbie Hancock , Pat Metheny , Stan Getz . Furthermore , through the years , Pescara jazz festival has welcomed different musical styles , seeking to explore the work of musicians of great appeal but also with a high quality , as Paco de Lucia , Burt Bacharach , Joan Baez , Bob Dylan , Al Jarreau , Caetano Veloso , James Taylor , Ástor Piazzolla , Gary Burton .", "title": "" } ]	fever
3cb1bf3d74dc8b2c5ae2c6a2d5539498	Lisbon is the capital of the Lisbon District.	[ { "docid": "0e5f177fd07cb69d623ac792473a3de2", "text": "Lisbon Lisbon ( -LSB- ˈlɪzbən -RSB- Lisboa , -LSB- liʒˈβoɐ -RSB- ) is the capital and the largest city of Portugal , with a population of 552,700 within its administrative limits in an area of 100.05 km ² . Its urban area extends beyond the city 's administrative limits with a population of around 2.7 million people , being the 11th-most populous urban area in the European Union . About 2.8 million people live in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area ( which represents approximately 27 % of the country 's population ) . It is continental Europe 's westernmost capital city and the only one along the Atlantic coast . Lisbon lies in the western Iberian Peninsula on the Atlantic Ocean and the River Tagus . The westernmost areas of its metro area is the westernmost point of Continental Europe . Lisbon is recognised as a global city because of its importance in finance , commerce , media , entertainment , arts , international trade , education and tourism . It is one of the major economic centres on the continent , with a growing financial sector and one of the largest container ports on Europe 's Atlantic coast . Humberto Delgado Airport serves over 20 million passengers annually , as of 2015 , and the motorway network and the high-speed rail system of Alfa Pendular link the main cities of Portugal . The city is the 7th-most-visited city in Southern Europe , after Istanbul , Rome , Barcelona , Madrid , Athens and Milan , with 1,740,000 tourists in 2009 . The Lisbon region contributes with a higher GDP PPP per capita than any other region in Portugal . It 's GDP amounts to 96.3 billion USD and thus $ 32,434 per capita , 40 % higher than the average European Union 's GDP per capita . The city occupies 32nd place of highest gross earnings in the world . Most of the headquarters of multinationals in the country are located in the Lisbon area . It is also the political centre of the country , as its seat of Government and residence of the Head of State . Lisbon is one of the oldest cities in the world , and the oldest in Western Europe , predating other modern European capitals such as London , Paris and Rome by centuries . Julius Caesar made it a municipium called Felicitas Julia , adding to the name Olissipo . Ruled by a series of Germanic tribes from the 5th century , it was captured by the Moors in the 8th century . In 1147 , the Crusaders under Afonso Henriques reconquered the city and since then it has been a major political , economic and cultural centre of Portugal . Unlike most capital cities , Lisbon 's status as the capital of Portugal has never been granted or confirmed officially -- by statute or in written form . Its position as the capital has formed through constitutional convention , making its position as de facto capital a part of the Constitution of Portugal . Lisbon enjoys a Mediterranean climate . It has one of the warmest winters of any metropolis in Europe , with average temperatures 15 ° C during the day and 8 ° C at night from December to February . The typical summer season lasts about four months , from June to September , although also in April temperatures sometimes reach around 25 ° C.", "title": "" }, { "docid": "96041ee19d2fe657832811a97d18b25b", "text": "Lisbon District Lisbon District ( -LSB- liʒˈβoɐ -RSB- , Distrito de Lisboa ) is a district located in the South Central Portugal , the district capital is the city of Lisbon , also the national capital . From its creation until 1926 , it included the area of the current Setúbal District .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "c65f8be3b749b8bfd960b90ff5f15e99", "text": "Bemposta Bemposta may refer to : Bemposta ( Abrantes ) , a parish in the municipality of Abrantes , Portugal Bemposta Palace , a palace in Lisbon Bemposta ( Penamacor ) , a parish in the municipality of Penamacor , Portugal Bemposta ( Mogadouro ) , a parish in the municipality of Mogadouro , Portugal", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ed5c08ce1a6344873ba05b43db3050c", "text": "Norte Region, Portugal Norte ( Região Norte , -LSB- ʁɨʒiˈɐ̃w ˈnɔɾtɨ -RSB- ; `` North Region '' ) is a region in the northern part of Portugal . It is a land of dense vegetation and profound historic and cultural wealth . Its capital is the city of Porto . The region has 3,689,173 inhabitants according to the 2011 census , and its area is 21,278 km ² ( density of 173 inhabitants per square kilometre ) . It is one of five regions of Mainland Portugal ( NUTS II subdivisions ) . Northern Portugal is a culturally varied region , thus historical rivalries between different neighbouring cities and towns are common , unlike other Portuguese regions where every city and town is culturally very similar .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "14dc86134b44e72b0560564f331f0351", "text": "CSD Benfica C.S.D. Benfica or Clube Sport Dili e Benfica is a football club of East Timor based in Dili .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0e0a86a80ef1bbf24e41a38dbda36981", "text": "Belém (Lisbon) Belém ( -LSB- bɨˈlɐ̃ȷ̃ -RSB- ) , whose name is derived from the Portuguese word for Bethlehem , is the southwesternmost civil parish of the municipality of Lisbon . Until 2012 , the area of Belém had its own historic parish , named Santa Maria de Belém . In 2012 , the Administrative Reform of Lisbon resulted in the merging of the latter and the parish of São Francisco Xavier , thus creating the new parish of Belém . Located at the mouth of the River Tagus , it is located 6 km west of the city centre and 2 km west of Ponte 25 de Abril ( 25th of April Bridge ) . Many of Portugal 's distinctive buildings and landmarks are located in this area , including the Jerónimos Monastery and the Tower of Belém . The population in 2011 was 16,528 , in an area of 10.43 km ² .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d78dcdcb7b9de5f899211c801fd16a54", "text": "São Vicente (Lisbon) São Vicente ( English : Saint Vincent ) is a Portuguese parish , located in the municipality of Lisbon . This new parish was created with the 2012 Administrative Reform of Lisbon , merging the former parishes of São Vicente de Fora , Graça and Santa Engrácia . The population in 2011 was 15,339 , in an area of 1.99 km ² .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0b46f73307aed536b19f02088e1fe675", "text": "List of governors of Portuguese India The government of Portuguese India started in 1505 , six years after the discovery of the sea route to India by Vasco da Gama , with the nomination of the first Viceroy Francisco de Almeida , then settled at Kochi . Until 1752 , the name `` India '' included all Portuguese possessions in the Indian Ocean , from southern Africa to Southeast Asia , governed - either by a Viceroy or Governor - from its headquarters , established in Goa since 1510 . In 1752 Portuguese Mozambique got its own government and in 1844 the Portuguese Government of India stopped administering the territory of Portuguese Macau , Solor and Portuguese Timor , seeing itself thus confined to a reduced territorial entity in Malabar : Goa , Daman , Diu , Dadra and Nagar Haveli . Portuguese control ceased in the last two enclaves in 1954 , and finally ceased in the remaining three pockets in 1961 , when they were occupied by the Republic of India ( although Portugal only recognized the occupation after the Carnation Revolution in 1974 ) . This ended four and a half centuries of Portuguese rule in parts -- thought tiny -- of India . It may be noted that during the term of the monarchy , the title of the head of the Portuguese government in India ranged from `` Governor '' to `` Viceroy '' . The title of viceroy would only be assigned to members of the nobility ; It was formally terminated in 1774 , although it has later been given sporadically to be decisively ended after 1835 ) , as shown below .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0342c6eeb0824b424c7389ef54c6381d", "text": "Santa Clara (Lisbon) Santa Clara ( English : Saint Claire ) is a Portuguese parish , located in the municipality of Lisbon . This new parish was created with the 2012 Administrative Reform of Lisbon , merging the former Charneca and Ameixoeira parishes . The population in 2011 was 22,480 , in an area of 3.36 km ² .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fd88deffd9bba3c3c20e07320465edcc", "text": "Palace of the Marquises of Fronteira The Palace of the Marquesses of Fronteira ( Portuguese : Palácio dos Marqueses de Fronteira ) is a Portuguese palace located in Lisbon , Portugal .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "09a7001b4b5533dac11ee9ae16fed9bb", "text": "Lapa (Lisbon) Lapa is a former parish ( freguesia ) in the municipality of Lisbon , Portugal . It has a total area of 0.72 km ² and total population of 8,671 inhabitants ( 2001 ) ; density : 12,026.4 hab/km ² . At the administrative reorganization of Lisbon on 8 December 2012 it became part of the parish Estrela . It was created on February 11 , 1770 , by the Cardinal patriarch of Lisbon Francisco de Saldanha da Gama . This parish of Lisbon concentrates a large number of embassies of foreign countries in Portugal , in particular , Austria , Bulgaria , Canada , China , Finland , Indonesia , Ireland , Luxembourg , Sovereign Military Order of Malta , Netherlands , Romania , Sweden , Switzerland and United Kingdom . It is also the site of the Assembly of the Republic and the official residence of the Prime Minister of Portugal .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c205b6bb15b41fb6a333a503f1a900d9", "text": "List of twin towns and sister cities in Portugal __ NOTOC __ This is a list of places in Portugal having standing links to local communities in other countries . In most cases , the association , especially when formalised by local government , is known as `` town twinning '' ( though other terms , such as `` partner towns '' or `` sister cities '' are sometimes used instead ) , and while most of the places included are towns , the list also comprises villages , cities , districts , counties , etc. with similar links .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b25430eb0da8c8884d1c3e98cee2da8a", "text": "Lisboa VR Lisboa , until 2009 named Estremadura , is a Portuguese wine region covering the same areas as the Estremadura region , and taking its name from the country 's capital . The region is classified as a Vinho Regional ( VR ) , a designation similar to a French vin de pays region . While the Beiras and Alentejo VRs are largest geographically , the Lisboa region is Portugal 's largest producer of wine by volume . The region stretches from Lisbon along the Atlantic coast to the Bairrada DOC . In early 2009 , the region was renamed from Estremadura to Lisboa to avoid confusion with the Spanish wine region Extremadura and to capitalize on the internationally well-known name of the country 's capital .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b597c805194a1105b8a7f4afd763c3d6", "text": "Tourism in Lisbon Tourism in Lisbon is popular . The city of Lisbon and the Lisbon metropolitan area attracts a significant number of tourists each year , drawn to its historical and cultural offerings .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9b742d3d8edc6ecf0e6b6e747f5c142e", "text": "Mercado de Campo de Ourique Mercado de Campo de Ourique is a neighborhood market and food court located in Lisbon , Portugal .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aa1d111e18b27597f4f3cecb087e2f24", "text": "Almeida, Portugal Almeida ( -LSB- ɐɫˈmɐjðɐ -RSB- ) is a fortified village and a municipality in the sub-region of Beira Interior Norte and the District of Guarda , Portugal . The town proper has a population of 1,300 people ( 2011 ) . The municipality population in 2011 was 7,242 , in an area of 517.98 km2 . It is located in Riba-Côa river valley . The present Mayor is António Baptista Ribeiro , elected by the Social Democratic Party . The municipal holiday is July 2 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "432819171551b780330b22718e9f96d7", "text": "Teatro Nacional de São Carlos The Teatro Nacional de São Carlos ( -LSB- tiˈatɾu nɐsiuˈnaɫ dɨ sɐ̃w̃ ˈkaɾluʃ -RSB- ) ( National Theatre of Saint Charles ) is an opera house in Lisbon , Portugal . It was opened on July 30 , 1793 by Queen Maria I as a replacement for the Tejo Opera House , which was destroyed in the 1755 Lisbon earthquake . The theatre is located in the historical center of Lisbon , in the Chiado district . In 1792 , a group of Lisbon businessmen decided to finance the construction of a new Opera House in the city . The theatre was built in only six months following a design by Portuguese architect José da Costa e Silva , with neoclassical and rococo elements . The general project is clearly inspired by great Italian theatres like the San Carlo of Naples ( interior ) and La Scala in Milan ( interior and façade ) . In the early 19th century , when the Portuguese Royal Court had to flee to the Portuguese colony of Brazil to escape the invading Napoleonic troops , a theatre modelled on the São Carlos was built in Rio de Janeiro . The main façade has a decorated clock , the Portuguese coats-of-arms and an arched entrance hall ( a portico ) . The theatre was named after the Princess Charlotte of Spain , who had come to Portugal in 1790 to marry the future King , Prince John : Carlos ( Portuguese form of Charles ) is the masculine form of Charlotte . A Latin commemorative inscription dedicates the theatre to the princess . The main room is elliptic , has five tiers of boxes and seats 1148 people . The luxurious royal box was lavishly decorated by the Italian Giovanni Appianni . The ceiling was painted by Manuel da Costa and the stage by Cirilo Wolkmar Machado . The first opera presented here , in 1793 , was La Ballerina Amante , by Domenico Cimarosa . The most famous Portuguese composer of the time , Marcos Portugal , became musical director of the São Carlos in 1800 after returning from Italy , and many of his operas were staged here . Between 1828 and 1834 , the São Carlos was closed during the Portuguese Civil War , fought between kings Miguel I and Pedro IV . In 1850 , the lighting of the interior was changed to gas illumination , the latest technology available . Shortly afterwards , the Portuguese state bought the theatre from private investors . After a few failed attempts , electrical illumination was installed in 1887 . From 1935 to 1940 , the theatre was closed for repairs . In 1974 , a resident opera company was established . In 1993 , the Orquestra Sinfónica Portuguesa was created as the Teatro 's affiliate orchestra , with Álvaro Cassuto as the orchestra 's first principal conductor . Subsequent principal conductors of the Orquestra Sinfónica Portuguesa have included José Ramón Encinar ( 1999-2001 ) , Zoltán Peskó ( 2001-2004 ) and Julia Jones ( 2008-2011 ) . Since January 2014 , the orchestra 's principal conductor is Joana Carneiro .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "56a7156561d4a46d461b64b435501302", "text": "Estremenho dialect Estremenho is a dialect of European Portuguese spoken in Coimbra and Lisbon , Portugal . It is considered a prestige dialect of European Portuguese and Category : Portuguese dialects", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7aa340efd70c464bfea0f975e38dff7c", "text": "João Pessoa, Paraíba João Pessoa ( -LSB- ʒʊˈɐ̃w peˈsoɐ -RSB- ) is the capital of the state of Paraíba in Brazil . It was founded in 1585 and it is also known as the city where the sun rises first , because it is the easternmost city in the Americas at 34 ° 47 ′ 38 ″ W , 7 ° 9 ′ 28 ″ S. Its easternmost point is known as Ponta do Seixas . The city is considered `` the second greenest in the world '' , with more than 7 km2 of forested land , second only to Paris , France . It is the state 's largest city , with an estimated population of 801,718 of inhabitants . Its metropolitan area comprises eight other satellite cities ( Bayeux , Cabedelo , Conde , Lucena , Santa Rita , and others ) , totalling 1,223,000 of inhabitants . The new `` Estação Ciência , Cultura e Artes '' ( Science , Culture and Art Station ) , located at the most eastern point of the Americas ( Ponta das Seixas ) , is both an educational and cultural institution as well as a national landmark . The complex , inaugurated in 2008 , was created by Brazilian architect Oscar Niemeyer and is one of his last projects .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b2ef63c5309ecba070dcadc6385a096e", "text": "Assembly of the Republic (Portugal) The Assembly of the Republic ( Portuguese : Assembleia da República , -LSB- ɐsẽˈblɐjɐ dɐ ʁɛˈpublikɐ -RSB- ) is the Portuguese parliament . According to the Portuguese Constitution , the unicameral Assembly `` is the representative assembly of all Portuguese citizens . '' The constitution names the assembly as one of the country 's organs of supreme authority . It is located in a historical building in Lisbon , referred to as Palácio de São Bento ( Palace of Saint Benedict ) , the site of an old Benedictine monastery . The Palácio de São Bento has been the seat of the Portuguese parliaments since 1834 ( Cortes until 1910 , Congress from 1911 to 1926 and National Assembly from 1933 to 1974 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "96cea9744244ee2575f2222834acb438", "text": "Foreign relations of Macau As a special administrative region ( SAR ) of the People 's Republic of China ( PRC ) , Macau 's diplomatic relations and defence are the responsibility of the Central People 's Government of the PRC . Except diplomatic relations and defence , nonetheless , Macau has retained considerable autonomy in all aspects , including economic and commercial relations , customs control . According to Chapter VII of Macau 's basic law , Macau may , on its own , using the name Macau , China or Macao , China , maintain and develop relations and conclude and implement agreements with foreign states and regions and relevant international organisations in the appropriate fields , including the economic , trade , financial and monetary , shipping , communications , tourism , cultural , science and technology , and sports fields . In addition , Macau can participate in international organizations and conferences not limited to states . The Macau government has maintained Macau Economic and Trade Representative Offices in Lisbon , Portugal and Brussels , Belgium .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "18aa8adab2256abdb31b248ee79cbbbc", "text": "Algés (Oeiras) Algés ( -LSB- aɫˈʒɛʃ -RSB- ) is a former civil parish in the municipality of Oeiras , in Lisbon metropolitan area , Portugal . In 2013 , the parish merged into the new parish Algés , Linda-a-Velha e Cruz Quebrada-Dafundo . The population in 2011 was 22,273 , in an area of 1.98 km ² . The parish is located near the Tagus river , between the town of Oeiras and the capital city of Lisbon . It is also a part of the Greater Lisbon Area . It is mostly a residential suburb . Algés was elevated to a town on August 16 , 1991 and the parish was officially created on June 11 , 1993 after separating from the parish of Carnaxide .", "title": "" } ]	fever
e512cb92eaa26915680f749c6742c59d	Snoop Dogg signed with No Limit Records.	[ { "docid": "2ab31f920ee50be90ba28c612fe51676", "text": "Snoop Dogg Cordozar Calvin Broadus , Jr. ( born October 20 , 1971 ) , known professionally as Snoop Dogg ( sometimes shortened to Snoop and formerly called Snoop Doggy Dogg and Snoop Lion ) , is an American rapper and actor from Long Beach , California . His music career began in 1992 when he was discovered by Dr. Dre of N.W.A , and as a result was prominently featured throughout Dr. Dre 's solo debut album , The Chronic ( 1992 ) . He has since sold over twenty-three million albums in the United States and thirty-five million albums worldwide . Snoop 's debut album , Doggystyle , was released in 1993 under Death Row Records , debuting at number one on both the Billboard 200 and Billboard Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums charts . Selling almost a million copies in the first week of its release , Doggystyle became certified 4 × platinum in 1994 and spawned several hit singles , including `` What 's My Name ? '' and `` Gin & Juice '' . In 1994 Snoop released a soundtrack on Death Row Records for the short film Murder Was The Case , starring himself . His second album Tha Doggfather ( 1996 ) , also debuted at number one on both charts with `` Snoop 's Upside Ya Head '' , as the lead single . The album was certified double platinum in 1997 . After leaving Death Row Records , Snoop signed with No Limit Records , where he recorded his next three albums . Da Game Is to Be Sold , Not to Be Told ( 1998 ) , No Limit Top Dogg ( 1999 ) , and Tha Last Meal ( 2000 ) . Snoop then signed with Priority/Capitol/EMI Records in 2002 , where he released Paid tha Cost to Be da Boss . He then signed with Geffen Records in 2004 for his next three albums R&G ( Rhythm & Gangsta ) : The Masterpiece , Tha Blue Carpet Treatment , and Ego Trippin ' . Malice 'n Wonderland ( 2009 ) , and Doggumentary ( 2011 ) , were released on Priority . Snoop Dogg has starred in motion pictures and hosted several television shows , including Doggy Fizzle Televizzle , Snoop Dogg 's Father Hood , and Dogg After Dark . He also coaches a youth football league and high school football team . In September 2009 , Snoop was hired by EMI as the chairman of a reactivated Priority Records . In 2012 , after a trip to Jamaica , Snoop announced a conversion to the Rastafari movement and a new alias , Snoop Lion . Under the new moniker , he released a reggae album , Reincarnated , and a documentary film of the same name , of his Jamaican experience , in early 2013 . His fourteenth solo studio album , Coolaid , was released in July 2016 . Snoop Dogg holds the dubious distinction of having seventeen Grammy nominations without a win . In March 2016 , the night before WrestleMania 32 in Arlington , Texas , Snoop was inducted into the celebrity wing of the WWE Hall of Fame having made several appearances for the company , including as Master of Ceremonies during a match at Wrestlemania XXIV .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "a1f9c9499da715804463385c2ce36ad8", "text": "Nate Dogg discography The discography of American recording artist Nate Dogg consists of three studio albums , one compilation album , one collaboration album , and 40 singles ( including 35 singles as a featured artist ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e4ee30388913b4554bc57325c9eda82c", "text": "Kam (rapper) Craig A. Miller ( born October 24 , 1970 in Los Angeles , California ) , better known by his stage name Kam is an American political emcee known primarily among hip hop fans and music critics during the 1990s & early 2000s . He is known for his Nation of Islam-influenced lyrics and NOI membership , and affiliation with his cousin , fellow West Coast emcee Ice Cube . He is also known for his powerfully commanding baritone voice and knack for using multisyllabic rhymes . He has only released two albums since his well-received 1993 debut album Neva Again . That album featured inflammatory anti-government lyrics and hit single `` Peace Treaty , '' a song about the 1992 Watts gang treaty . The song reached # 2 on the Hot Rap Singles chart in 1993 . His first appearance on record was with the song `` Every Single Weekend '' from the 1991 Boyz n the Hood soundtrack . Since then , he has collaborated with artists including Ice Cube , Snoop Dogg , Coolio , E-40 , Erick Sermon , MC Ren , C-Bo , K9Compton , DJ Quik , DJ Pooh , Tha Eastsidaz , Method Man , KRS-One , Public Enemy , Nate Dogg , Warren G , Dogg Pound , Xzibit , Tyrese , Tank , George Clinton , Dresta , B.G. Knocc Out , Yukmouth , and Glasses Malone among many others . He has released music on two record labels , East West Records and JCOR Entertainment . He is currently signed to his own record label , HEREAFTER RECORDS , and plans to release his fourth solo album . He is also currently a member of Snoop Dogg 's West Coast supergroup The Warzone with MC Eiht and Goldie Loc . Kam and his biological younger brother , `` Yung Bruh '' , are also a NOI-based rap group called , Fruit Pruno . Their self-titled album was released during the NOI 's Saviour 's Day 2010 summit ( specifically on February 28 , 2010 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "904d04e4f90924e3e78e7480f3d1f18b", "text": "NoClue Ricky Raphel Brown ( born January 28 , 1985 ) , known by the stage name NoClue , is an American rapper from Seattle . He is best known for obtaining the title of the world 's official `` Fastest Rap MC '' by Guinness World Records , for rapping 723 syllables in 51.27 seconds ( 14.1 syllables per second ) on his track `` New West '' , in January 2005 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "54f4c66110ae7ed72dac5944d1436228", "text": "Relapse (Eminem album) Relapse is the sixth studio album by American rapper Eminem . The album was released on May 19 , 2009 , under Aftermath Entertainment , Shady Records , and Interscope Records . It was his first album of original material since Encore ( 2004 ) , following a four-year hiatus from recording due to his writer 's block and an addiction to prescription sleeping medication . Recording sessions for the album took place during 2005 to 2009 at several recording studios , and Dr. Dre , Mark Batson , and Eminem handled production . Conceptually , Relapse concerns the ending of his drug rehabilitation , rapping after a non-fictional relapse , and the return of his Slim Shady alter-ego . One of the most anticipated album releases of 2009 , Relapse debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 chart , selling 608,000 copies in its first week . It produced three singles that attained chart success and has been certified double platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America . The album received mixed reviews from most music critics , who were divided in their responses towards Eminem 's lyrics . It has sold more than 2.3 million copies in the United States and more than 17 million copies worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "efe9a95015a1e92496e94311129cd6de", "text": "Bitch Please II `` Bitch Please II '' is a song by American rapper Eminem , featuring guest vocals from American rappers Dr. Dre , Snoop Dogg , Xzibit , and Nate Dogg , taken from Eminem 's The Marshall Mathers LP ( 2000 ) . The song was written by Eminem , Dr. Dre , Snoop Dogg , Xzibit and Nate Dogg with , production handled by Dr. Dre and Mel-Man .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "432187f93c61b32506c6b2b8b5499abb", "text": "It Blows My Mind `` It Blows My Mind '' is a song by American rapper Snoop Dogg , featuring guest vocals from American singer Pharrell Williams , taken from The Neptunes 's first compilation album Clones . The song was written by Snoop Dogg , Chad Hugo and Pharrell , with production handled by The Neptunes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4253902e64dba121ab094e4321435d28", "text": "Tha Dogg Pound discography This is the discography of Tha Dogg Pound , an American rap group .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "594492158a58aafc723872d07825f046", "text": "Doggfather `` Doggfather '' is a single by American rapper Snoop Doggy Dogg . It was released in August 26 , 1997 as the last single from Snoop Dogg 's second studio album Tha Doggfather .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3e648e3862cfdf2acd9bed0387e6f4da", "text": "Over the Counter (album) Over the Counter is the debut demo album and is the officially unreleased but heavily bootlegged debut studio album by rapper Snoop Doggy Dogg . Guest appearances include Tha Dogg Pound , Dr. Dre , Nate Dogg , Warren G , George Clinton and others . The album was released only on cassette version .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5fe98306039ea0f043208cc00061980d", "text": "B-Boy Records B-Boy Records was an important independent hip hop record label formed by Jack Allen and William Kamarra in 1986 , and situated at 132nd Street and Cypress Avenue in the Bronx , New York City . Its most notable signing was Boogie Down Productions , and it released Boogie Down Productions ' first singles , `` South Bronx '' ( 1986 ) and `` The Bridge is Over '' ( 1987 ) , and the group 's landmark debut album , Criminal Minded ( 1987 ) . Other acts that recorded for the label included JVC Force , Cold Crush Brothers , Levi 167 and Jewel T. The label 's output is a mix of new names and old pioneers , and documents a period in which self-assertive lyrics begin to detail street life even as the music moved from hardcore drum-machine-based tracks to the horns and drum sounds of sampler-based hip hop . B-Boy Records folded in 1988 , though Nate Patrin of Pitchfork Media reports that , `` both Allen and Kamarra have set about reviving the B-Boy Records name independently of each other , and there seems to have been a number of bridges burned between the two men . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "888f1cf1f2086a952293cdd563f261f0", "text": "Danny Boy (singer) Danny Boy Steward ( born October 31 , 1977 ) is a Chicago native known by his stage name Danny Boy or DB . He is a contemporary African-American soul singer originally signed for a five-year run with Death Row Records by Suge Knight . He made his debut on 1994 's Murder Was the Case soundtrack with the R&B charter Come When I Call ( Produced by DJ Quik ) . In 1995 , he released his first single entitled Slip N Slide ( Produced by Reggie Moore and co-produced by DeVante Swing ) with then unknown artist Ginuwine singing the chorus . The video was shot in Cabo , and also features scenes with 2Pac , Snoop Dogg , Nate Dogg and Tha Dogg Pound . Danny is best known for singing the choruses of the 2Pac songs `` I Ai n't Mad at Cha '' , `` What ' z Ya Phone # '' , `` Picture Me Rollin ' '' and `` Heaven Ai n't Hard 2 Find '' on All Eyez on Me , as well as `` Toss It Up '' on The Don Killuminati : The 7 Day Theory . He had recorded several albums ' worth of music while on Death Row Records , but none were released during his time there . Danny Boy also made an appearance on Tha Row 's soundtrack to Eddie Griffin 's Dysfunktional Family movie and also appeared on American Idol , but was disqualified due to continued internet promotion by his former label . He is currently working on some projects for his own label `` Eclectic Soul Music Group '' and resides in the suburbs of Atlanta , Georgia . On April 20 , 2010 Death Row Records , under new management , finally released Danny Boy 's 1996 debut album It 's About Time featuring production by DJ Quik & DeVante Swing .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7152ae9c006dedef1d7c59bbc167db49", "text": "Snoop Dogg discography The discography of American rapper Snoop Dogg of fifteen studio albums , four collaborative albums , seventeen compilation albums , one extended play , twenty mixtapes , 127 singles ( including seventy-four as a featured artist ) , and fourteen promotional singles . He has sold over 23.5 million albums in United States and 37 million albums worldwide . He has garnered fourteen top ten singles on the Billboard Hot 100 ( including eight as a featured artist ) . Snoop Dogg came to attention of the music industry in 1992 , through his vocal contributions on Dr. Dre 's The Chronic . That album is considered to have `` transformed the entire sound of West Coast rap '' by its development of what later became known as the `` G-funk '' sound . The Chronic expanded gangsta rap with profanity , anti-authoritarian lyrics and multi-layered samples taken from 1970 's P-Funk records . Snoop Dogg contributed vocals to Dre 's solo single , `` Deep Cover '' , which led to a high degree of anticipation among hip hop for the release of his own solo album . Snoop 's debut album , Doggystyle , was released in 1993 under Death Row Records , debuting at number one on both the Billboard 200 and Billboard Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums charts , powered by spectacular first week sales 803,000 units . Doggystyle became certified 4 × platinum in 1994 and spawned several hit singles , including `` What 's My Name ? '' , `` Gin & Juice '' and the European hit `` Doggy Dogg World '' . As of March 2008 , the album has sold 6,137,000 copies in the United States . In 1994 , Snoop released a soundtrack on Death Row Records for the short film Murder Was The Case , starring himself . Murder Was the Case debuted on the Billboard 200 at number one , selling 329,000 units in the first week sales . The following week it stayed on top with 197,000 copies sold and was certified Gold . The album is certified 2x platinum with 2,030,000 copies sold . Following to the successful release of his debut album Doggystyle ( 1993 ) , Snoop was charged with a murder . In 1995 , Snoop had been spending much time preparing for the case , which went to trial , which took place later that year . In February 1996 , he was cleared of all charges and began working on his second album , without Dr. Dre as a frequent record producer on the album . This is also Snoop 's final album on Death Row Records , under the name of Snoop Doggy Dogg . His second album Tha Doggfather ( 1996 ) , also debuted at number one on US charts and UK R&B Charts . The album was certified double platinum in 1997 . Preceding the album 's release by European singles ; `` Snoop 's Upside Ya Head '' , `` Vapors '' and `` Doggfather '' . In 1998 Snoop released Da Game Is to Be Sold , Not to Be Told it was released , by No Limit Records . It is his first album following his departure from Death Row Records . It was also his first album to be released under a slight change to his stage name `` Snoop Dogg '' for contractual reasons . The album debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 chart , selling over 520,000 copies in its first week , and remained on top for the second week selling additional 246,000 units according to SoundScan . It remained in the top ten for five weeks ; thus it was quickly certified double platinum later that year . In terms of chart success it is one of his most successful containing the singles Still a G Thang and Woof . As of March 2008 , the album has sold 2,085,000 copies in the United States . The fourth studio album , No Limit Top Dogg , was released on May 11 , 1999 . The album 's lead single `` Bitch Please '' featuring Xzibit and Nate Dogg , produced by Dr. Dre became a hit . The music video for the album 's second single `` G Bedtime Stories '' which was a success , the song was produced by Meech Wells . No Limit Top Dogg debuted at number 2 on the US Billboard 200 , selling 187,400 copies in its first week . Though it was Snoop Dogg 's first album to not debut at number one and have strong album sales for the first week , it eventually sold 1,100,000 copies by closing the year of 1999 making it the 73rd best selling album of the year . As of March 2008 , the album had sales 1,518,000 copies in the United States . The third and final album released on No Limit Records and his first album on his newly founded label Doggystyle Records , Tha Last Meal was released on December 19 , 2000 . The album included the singles `` Snoop Dogg ( What 's My Name Pt . 2 ) '' , `` Hennesey n Buddah '' featuring Kokane , `` Lay Low '' featuring Nate Dogg , `` Loosen ' Control '' and `` Wrong Idea '' featuring Bad Azz . The single `` Snoop Dogg ( What 's My Name II ) '' was nominated for Music Video of the Year at The Source Hip-Hop Music Awards 2001 . The album was nominated Album of the Year at the same ceremony . The single `` Wrong Idea '' was also included in Bad Azz 's second album Personal Business released on Doggystyle . Tha Last Meal debuted at number 9 on the US Billboard 200 , selling 397,238 copies in its first week . In the third week the album reached at number 4 in the US chart . The album topped the Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums for four consecutive weeks . In 2001 the album has sold 1,200,000 copies in the United States . Has sold over 2,068,000 copies in the United States according to Nielsen SoundScan . The sixth studio album , Paid tha Cost to Be da Bo $ $ was supported by two singles : `` From tha Chuuuch to da Palace '' featuring Pharrell and the other-Pharrell track `` Beautiful '' also featuring Charlie Wilson . The album debuted at number 12 on the US Billboard 200 , selling 174,000 copies in its first week . The album has been certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) and has sold 1,500,000 copies worldwide . The album 's lead single , titled `` From tha Chuuuch to da Palace '' featuring guest vocals from Pharrell , was released on October 15 , 2002 . The song was produced by The Neptunes . The music video for `` From tha Chuuuch to da Palace '' , was directed by Diane Martel , under the alias Bucky Chrome . The second single , `` Beautiful '' featuring Pharrell and Charlie Wilson , was released on January 28 , 2003 . The song also was produced by The Neptunes . The music video for `` Beautiful '' featuring Pharrell and Charlie Wilson ( who he did not make it to the video ) , was directed by Chris Robinson and it was released in 2003 . The video took place in Brazil . The video helped exceeded the song to become a hit on the Billboard charts . The seventh studio R&G ( Rhythm & Gangsta ) : The Masterpiece was released 2004 . `` Drop It Like It 's Hot '' featuring Pharrell , was released as the album 's lead single on September 14 , 2004 . With the production by The Neptunes , the song gained some critical attention for its very sparse production . The song essentially is just tongue clicks , keyboards and a drum machine beat , which compared to much early 2000s rap , was very minimalist . It was nominated at the Grammy Awards for Best Rap Song and Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group , though it lost both awards to the songs `` Jesus Walks '' by Kanye West and `` Let 's Get It Started '' by The Black Eyed Peas , respectively . The song reached at number 10 on the UK Singles Chart and number one on the US Billboard Hot 100 , becoming Snoop 's first US number one single . The song internationally reached the top-ten in a huge 12 countries . The second single , `` Let 's Get Blown '' featuring Pharrell , was released on December 14 , 2004 . The song was produced by The Neptunes . It did not repeat the success of `` Drop It Like It 's Hot '' , but it filled the gap between the aforementioned song and the club hit `` Signs '' . Keyshia Cole , who had not garnered a reputation at that time and was therefore left uncredited ( her contribution to the R&G song `` Pass It Pass It '' also went uncredited ) . The song samples and contains interpolations from Slave 's `` Watching You '' , which was also interpolated in `` Gin and Juice . '' The single is one of Snoop Dogg 's biggest hits in the UK for peaking at number 13 and number 54on the US Billboard Hot 100 . `` Signs '' featuring Justin Timberlake and Charlie Wilson , was released on April 25 , 2005 . The song was produced by The Neptunes . In May 2005 , the single reached at number 2 on the UK Singles Chart and number 46 on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart . However , it was more popular in Australia staying at number one on the Australian Singles Chart for two weeks . Internationally , the song reached the top-ten in 11 countries . The final single , `` Ups & Downs '' featuring Bee Gees , was released on August 15 , 2005 . The song was produced by Warryn Campbell . The song interpolates The Bee Gees ' 1979 hit `` Love You Inside Out '' . The song charted in several countries , but did n't match the success from his previous singles on the album . R&G debuted at number 6 on the US Billboard 200 chart , selling 225,000 copies in its first week . In its second week , the album fell to number 9 on the Billboard 200 , selling 203,000 copies , for a two-week total of 428,000 units . As of March 2008 , the album sales 1,724,000 copies in the United States . In 2006 , the song `` I Wan na Love You '' , a collaboration with Akon , became Snoop 's second number one on the Hot 100 . Tha Blue Carpet Treatment Snoop 's eighth studio album , was released in 2006 . Tha Blue Carpet Treatment debuted at number 5 on the US Billboard 200 , selling 264,000 copies in its first week . On the Nielsen SoundScan annual `` Best Sellers Top 100 '' rankings when the album was listed 97th with the 2006 year-end catalog closing sales number of 637,000 copies despite having been released in mid-November and its sales data is accumulated for only one and a half months . As of March 2008 , the album had sales 903,000 copies in the United States . On November 20 , 2007 he released the single `` Sexual Eruption '' peaked at number 7 on The Hot 100 . The ninth studio album Ego Trippin ' , it was released by Geffen Records on March 11 , 2008 . The album sold over 137,000 copies in its first week in the United States , debuting at number 3 on the US Billboard 200 chart . In its second week the album fell to number 7 on the Billboard 200 chart , selling 57,000 copies , for a two-week total of 194,000 units . Ego Trippin was the tenth best selling hip hop album of the year , selling 401,000 copies in the US . Malice n Wonderland is the tenth studio album by American rapper Snoop 's ; it was released on December 8 , 2009 . The album included the Billboard charts singles `` Gangsta Luv '' and `` I Wan na Rock '' . Malice n Wonderland debuted at number 23 on the US Billboard 200 , selling 61,000 copies in its opening week . It is his first album since Paid tha Cost to Be da Boss ( 2002 ) not to reach the top ten on the Billboard 200 , his lowest charting album on the US R&B / Hip-Hop charts and his only album to miss the British and Australian Top 100 . Malice n Wonderland has sold over 400,000 copies in the United States as of 2011 . In 2011 , Snoop 's was released top ten album Doggumentary , the album debuted at number eight on the US Billboard 200 chart , selling 50,000 copies in its first week in the United States . Snoop Dogg collaborated with David Guetta for a remix of the latter 's single `` Wet '' , newly titled `` Sweat '' . It topped the charts in countries such as France , Australia and Austria . In 2011 , Snoop released a soundtrack on Mac & Devin Go to High School with Wiz Khalifa . `` Young , Wild & Free '' , the soundtrack 's lead single which features Bruno Mars , and produced by The Smeezingtons , was released on October 11 , 2011 . In its first week it sold 159,000 digital copies , debuting at number 10 on the US Billboard Hot 100 , and number 44 on the Canadian Hot 100 . In 2012 , after a trip to Jamaica , Snoop announced a conversion to the Rastafari movement and a new alias , Snoop Lion '' ' . Under the new moniker , he released a reggae album , Reincarnated . As of May 2015 , the album has sold 104,000 copies in the United States . The album topped Billboard Top Reggae Albums for 34 non-consecutive weeks n His thirteenth solo studio album , Bush , was released in May 2015 . It was supported by the singles ; `` Peaches N Cream '' featuring Charlie Wilson , `` So Many Pros '' , and `` California Roll '' featuring Stevie Wonder . The album was the eighth best-selling album of the week . Bush was the sixth Snoop 's solo album to debut at number one on the Billboard '' Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums . Coolaid was released July 1 , 2016 on eOne . His latest album Neva Left was released on Doggystyle and Empire records on May 19 , 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8361d4693f917e7d08e2af3d2d6193c7", "text": "So Fly (213 song) `` So Fly '' is a song performed by American Hip Hop supergroup 213 , which consisted of Snoop Dogg , Warren G and Nate Dogg . was released on July 6 , 2004 as the first single of his debut studio album The Hard Way , with the record label TVT Records . The song was produced by Spike & Jamahl and Missy Elliott . It uses the same backing track as another Elliott-produced song , So Gone which had been released by Monica the previous year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0ccfdaa91934f0a33f7c59da75bf0ac5", "text": "Tha Blaqprint Tha Blaqprint is the second studio album by American hip hop recording artist Blaq Poet , released June 30 , 2009 on DJ Premier 's record label Year Round Records via Fat Beats Records . It features guest appearances by the also Year Round Records signed group NYGz and Nick Javas , Capone-N-Noreaga member N.O.R.E. , Imani Montana , Lil ' Fame from M.O.P. , and the late Screwball member KL . The album was entirely produced by DJ Premier , except for two tracks : `` U Phucc 'd Up '' , produced by Easy Mo Bee , and `` Sichuwayshunz '' , produced by Gemcrates . Several tracks have been released on various mixtapes , such as `` Blaq Out '' or `` No Talent Required '' , dating all the way back to 2006 . The album 's lead single , `` Ai n't Nuttin ' Changed '' , has been released in February 2009 . There 's also a remix version to the single , released in June 2009 . It features verses by MC Eiht from Compton 's Most Wanted and Young Maylay from Ice Cube 's Lench Mob Records .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d2fc33f83e11fc18680f9e6c0231a47a", "text": "No Security (D-Block album) No Security is a compilation album by hip hop group D-Block aka The LOX . It was released on June 9 , 2009 on E1 Music . The album will officially introduce many of the members that make up D-Block and will also be a minor stepping stone to the New L.O.X. Order . It debuted at # 40 on the Billboard 200 , selling 12,000 copies in its first week . To date the album has sold over 86,000 copies . This album contains The Lox with new D-Block artist such as Bully , Bucky , Straw , Snyp Life , Don-D , T.Y. , Large Amount , A.P. and Tommy Star . Music videos were released for the singles `` Get That Paper '' and `` So Much Trouble '' . The end of the video for `` So Much Trouble '' features a verse from the song `` From The Block '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "093c8720c63138edc8d558d4f04fedb9", "text": "Dumb Shit `` Dumb Shit '' ( also known by the censored version title `` Dumb S ** t '' ) , is a song by American singer Tyrese . It features vocals from American rapper Snoop Dogg . It was released on March 10 , 2015 as the first single off his sixth studio album Black Rose , on the record label Voltron Recordz .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bad6673fcb603b9a86808a8f7c5301e8", "text": "Busta Rhymes Trevor George Smith Jr. ( born May 20 , 1972 ) , better known by his stage name Busta Rhymes , is an American rapper , actor , record producer and record executive . Chuck D of Public Enemy gave him the moniker Busta Rhymes , after NFL wide receiver George `` Buster '' Rhymes . He is widely known for his outlandish style and fashion sense depicted in several highly innovative music videos as well as his intricate rhyming technique , rapping at a high rate of speed with heavy use of internal rhyme and half rhyme , and to date has received 11 Grammy Award nominations for his musical work . About.com included him on its list of the 50 Greatest MCs of Our Time ( 1987 -- 2007 ) , while Steve Huey of AllMusic called him one of the best and most prolific rappers of the 1990s . In 2012 , The Source placed him on their list of the Top 50 Lyricists of All Time . MTV has called him `` one of hip-hop 's greatest visual artists . '' Busta Rhymes was an original member of Leaders of the New School . He later went on and founded the record label Conglomerate ( initially Flipmode Entertainment ) and production crew The Conglomerate ( formerly Flipmode Squad ) . In November 2011 , Busta Rhymes signed a deal with Cash Money Records . On July 23 , 2014 , Busta Rhymes announced that he left Cash Money Records due to creative differences and was no longer on Republic . In 2016 Rhymes signed with Epic for his upcoming album due to be released in early 2017 . He has so far released nine studio albums , with the first being the 1996 platinum-selling album The Coming . His list of hit singles include `` Woo Hah !! Got You All in Check '' , `` Put Your Hands Where My Eyes Could See '' , `` Dangerous '' , `` Turn It Up ( Remix ) / Fire It Up '' , `` Gim me Some More '' , `` What 's It Gon na Be ?! '' , `` Pass the Courvoisier , Part II '' , `` I Know What You Want '' and `` Touch It '' , among several others .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a96f2e972590cd1956fd525f33f19775", "text": "Aspire Music Group Aspire Music Group , LLC is an American record label founded by Cortez Bryant , Gerald `` Gee '' Roberson and Derrick Lawrence in 2008 . Their roster currently only includes multi-platinum Canadian rapper Drake .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bb437fd528ea5349041c0b68473f9195", "text": "Priority Records Priority Records is an American distribution company and record label known for many highly successful artists including Eazy-E , Ice Cube , MC Ren , Dr. Dre , Ice-T , Jay-Z , Mack 10 , Master P , Mia X , Mystikal , N.W.A , Snoop Dogg , Silkk the Shocker & Westside Connection amongst others . It also distributed many highly successful hip hop record labels including Death Row Records , Hoo-Bangin ' Records , No Limit Records , Posthuman Records , Rap-A-Lot Records , Rawkus Records , Roc-A-Fella Records , Ruthless Records & Wu-Tang Records amongst others .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a0d0d0bf2bd28cccde29026e7719de93", "text": "Based on a True Story (Mack 10 album) Based on a True Story is the second studio album by American rapper Mack 10 , released September 16 , 1997 on Priority Records . It peaked at number 14 on the Billboard 200 and at number 5 on the Billboard Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums . One single , `` Backyard Boogie '' , peaked at number 23 on the Billboard Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs . and performed well on several other charts as well . The album features guest performance by Ice Cube , E-40 , Snoop Dogg , Allfrumtha I and The Comrads . Along with singles , music videos were produced for two songs : `` Backyard Boogie '' and `` Only in California '' featuring Ice Cube and Snoop Dogg . Ice Cube makes a cameo appearance in `` Backyard Boogie '' . The song , `` Ca n't Stop '' , was previously released on the Ant Banks album , Big Thangs . Another song , `` Dopeman '' , was later included on two Priority Records compilations , In tha Beginning ... There Was Rap and Straight Outta Compton : N.W.A 10th Anniversary Tribute . `` Dopeman '' is a cover version of the 1987 N.W.A song of the same name .", "title": "" } ]	fever
83497899ce20a300e377cc71ae20e578	The terrain of Kazakhstan includes flatland.	[ { "docid": "1d4fda23bc1d5fb4d0e44546173cb118", "text": "Kazakhstan Kazakhstan ( -LSB- USkæzækˈstæn , _ ˌkɑːzɑːkˈstɑːn -RSB- , -LSB- ˌkæzəkˈstɑːn , _ - ˈstæn -RSB- Қазақстан , tr . Qazaqstan , -LSB- qɑzɑqˈstɑn -RSB- ; Казахстан , tr . Kazakhstan ) , officially the Republic of Kazakhstan ( Қазақстан Республикасы , tr . Qazaqstan Respwblïkası ; Республика Казахстан , tr . Respublika Kazakhstan ) , is a transcontinental country in northern Central Asia and Eastern Europe . Kazakhstan is the world 's largest landlocked country , and the ninth largest in the world , with an area of 2,724,900 km ² . Kazakhstan is the dominant nation of Central Asia economically , generating 60 % of the region 's GDP , primarily through its oil/gas industry . It also has vast mineral resources . Kazakhstan is officially a democratic , secular , unitary , constitutional republic with a diverse cultural heritage . Kazakhstan shares borders with Russia , China , Kyrgyzstan , Uzbekistan , and Turkmenistan , and also adjoins a large part of the Caspian Sea . The terrain of Kazakhstan includes flatlands , steppe , taiga , rock canyons , hills , deltas , snow-capped mountains , and deserts . Kazakhstan has an estimated 18 million people , Given its large land area , its population density is among the lowest , at less than 6 people per square kilometre ( 15 people per sq. mi . ) . The capital is Astana , where it was moved in 1997 from Almaty , the country 's largest city . The territory of Kazakhstan has historically been inhabited by nomadic tribes . This changed in the 13th century , when Genghis Khan occupied the country as part of the Mongolian Empire . Following internal struggles among the conquerors , power eventually reverted to the nomads . By the 16th century , the Kazakh emerged as a distinct group , divided into three jüz ( ancestor branches occupying specific territories ) . The Russians began advancing into the Kazakh steppe in the 18th century , and by the mid-19th century , they nominally ruled all of Kazakhstan as part of the Russian Empire . Following the 1917 Russian Revolution , and subsequent civil war , the territory of Kazakhstan was reorganised several times . In 1936 , it was made the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic , part of the Soviet Union . Kazakhstan was the last of the Soviet republics to declare independence during the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 . The current President , Nursultan Nazarbayev , has been leader of the country since then , and is characterised as authoritarian , with a government history of human rights abuses and suppression of political opposition . Kazakhstan has worked to develop its economy , especially its dominant hydrocarbon industry . Human Rights Watch says that `` Kazakhstan heavily restricts freedom of assembly , speech , and religion , '' and other human rights organisations regularly describe Kazakhstan 's human rights situation as poor . Kazakhstan 's 131 ethnicities include Kazakhs ( 63 % of the population ) , Russians , Uzbeks , Ukrainians , Germans , Tatars , and Uyghurs . Islam is the religion of about 70 % of the population , with Christianity practised by 26 % ; Kazakhstan officially allows freedom of religion , but religious leaders who oppose the government are suppressed . The Kazakh language is the state language , and Russian has equal official status for all levels of administrative and institutional purposes .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "139dada3987996118e72a3a6b51679a2", "text": "Karakalpakstan Karakalpakstan ( Qaraqalpaqstan / Қарақалпақстан ) , officially the Republic of Karakalpakstan ( Qaraqalpaqstan Respublikası / Қарақалпақстан Республикасы ) is an autonomous republic within Uzbekistan . It occupies the whole northwestern end of Uzbekistan . The capital is Nukus ( Noʻkis / Нөкис ) . The Republic of Karakalpakstan has an area of 160000 km2 . Its territory covers the classical land of Khwarezm , though in classical Persian literature the area was known as .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "119837d2417cc1ed8ae1ca8dfff98257", "text": "Ustyurt Plateau The Ustyurt Plateau , also spelled Ust-Yurt , Ust-Urt and Usturt ( Üstirt , Turkmen : Üstyurt ) , is a central Asian plateau in Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan , lying between the Aral Sea and the Amu Darya ( river ) delta in the east and the Mangyshlak ( Tupqarghan ) Plateau and the Kara-Bogaz-Gol ( Garabogazköl ; an inlet of the Caspian Sea ) in the west . It extends roughly 200,000 km ² ( 77,000 square miles ) , with an average elevation of 150 meters ( about 500 feet ) , and consists primarily of stony desert . Its highest point rises to a maximum of 1,200 feet ( 365 m ) in the south-west . The plateau 's semi-nomadic population raises sheep , goats , and camels . At its edges it drops steeply to the Aral Sea and the surrounding plain . Oil and natural-gas deposits lie west of the plateau . Asiatic cheetahs and Caspian tigers used to live there . Kazakhstan created the Ustyurt Nature Reserve ( 223,300 hectares ) in July , 1984 in the south of Mangystausky district in Eralievsky region . It preserves rare fauna and flora such as the Afghan red sheep and the Saiga antelope . Among its features are Sherkala Mountain and the concretions found in the Torysh ( ` Valley of Balls ' ) near the town of Shetpe .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "622b8fa6b6f2e58d7ab9e6401fc5f342", "text": "East European Plain The East European Plain ( also called the Russian Plain , predominantly by Russian scientists , or historically the Sarmatic Plain ) is a vast interior plain extending east of the North/Central European Plain , and comprising several plateaus stretching roughly from 25 degrees longitude eastward . It includes the westernmost Volhynian-Podolian Upland , than the Central Russian Upland , and on the eastern border , encompassing the Volga Upland . The plain includes also a series of major river basins such as the Dnepr Basin , the Oka-Don Lowland , and the Volga Basin . Along the southernmost point of the East European Plain are the Caucasus and Crimean mountain ranges . Together with the North European Plain covering much of north-eastern Poland , Estonia , Latvia and Lithuania , it constitutes the European Plain , the mountain-free part of the European landscape . The East European Plain covers all or most of the Baltic states , Belarus , Ukraine , Moldova , Romania , and the European portion of Russia . The plain spans approximately 4000000 km2 and averages about 170 m in elevation . The highest point of the plain , located in the Valdai Hills is 346.9 m.", "title": "" }, { "docid": "12db752a648584edcd2f6f8dc5a7a4c0", "text": "Altyn-Emel National Park Altyn-Emel National Park is a national park in Kazakhstan . It was created in 1996 . The park covers about 4600 square kilometers between the Ili River and the Ak-Tau mountain range , near Lake Kapchagai , and consists mostly of desert and rocky terrain . Local attractions include the singing sand , a large dune which is famous for the noises it produces ( 1.5 km length and 150m height ) , Aktau canyon and Katutau volcanic mountains .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "22444c1484517985678e1487a0251162", "text": "Kulagino Kulagino ( also known as Kulagin ( Кулагино , Kulagino , Есбол , Esbol , ەسبول ) ) is a town in Atyrau Region , west Kazakhstan . It lies at an altitude of 7 m below sea level .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ea4bfc354e1695ac9f756c3459ba86fa", "text": "Miss Kazakhstan Miss Kazakhstan is a national beauty pageant in Kazakhstan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "16888e67c6754b5f5ddaceaba2222852", "text": "Conservancy areas of Kazakhstan In Kazakhstan , there are 25 specially protected areas , including 10 nature reserves and 11 national parks . These environmental institutions owned by the state . Aksu-Zhabagly State Nature Reserve Almaty State Natural Reserve Naurzum State Nature Reserve Barsakelmessky State Nature Reserve Korgalzhyn State Nature Reserve Markakolsky State Nature Reserve Ustyurt State Nature Reserve West-Altai State Nature Reserve Alakol State Nature Reserve Karatau State Nature Reserve Category : Protected areas of Kazakhstan", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4383ea7e18115738af697366f725f8f8", "text": "Badzhgard The Badzhgard land or Bashkurd country - it mean Historical Bashkortostan , Historical Bashkiria , historical and geographical area in Volga and Ural , inhabited by the Bashkirs . At present , the territory is located Republic of Bashkortostan , Orenburg and Chelyabinsk oblast , the eastern part of the Republic of Tatarstan , the south-eastern part of Udmurtia , the southern part of the Perm Krai , the south-western part of the Sverdlovsk oblast , the western part of the Kurgan , the north-eastern part of Samara , the eastern part of the Saratov regions . The historical , ethnographic , linguistic and other studies to refer to the territory in which at different periods of history settled different Bashkir tribes . And synonymous and are older versions of the names of this territory : Bashgurd , Bashgird , Bashgird , Baskardiya , Bashgird , Fiyafi Bashkyrt/Barrens Bashkyrt , country Bashkir , country Bastarks , Bashkyrd , Bashdzhard , Bashkiria , Pascatir , Bashirdi etc. . The reference area titled `` Bashgurd '' is found in the Fazalallah Rashid ad-Din ( 14th century ) , `` Oghuz-name '' . The most widespread Slavic name - Bashkiria , which is used in official documents , historical works , literary works , etc. . The concept of `` historical Bashkortostan '' relates the concept of Greater Hungary ( Major Hungaria , Magna Hungaria ) - hypothetical homeland of ancient Hungarians - Magyars , referred to the 13th century Franciscan monk Giovanni da Plano Carpini in the statement of his journey . Her search takes 1230 years of the Hungarian Dominicans , most famous of which Friar Julian .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ef362beaf2c2390a613c7e617e841c04", "text": "Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic Uzbekistan ( -LSB- ʊzˈbɛkᵻˌstæn , _ - ˌstɑːn -RSB- , -LSB- ʊzˌbɛkᵻˈstɑːn , _ ʌz - , _ - ˈstæn -RSB- ) is the common English name for the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic ( Uzbek SSR ; Ўзбекистон Совет Социалистик Республикаси , Oʻzbekiston Sovet Sotsialistik Respublikasi ; Узбекская Советская Социалистическая Республика , Uzbekskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika ) and later , the Republic of Uzbekistan ( Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi , Ўзбекистон Республикаси ) that refers to the period of Uzbekistan from 1924 to 1991 . as one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union . It was governed by the Uzbek branch of the Soviet Communist Party , the only legal political party , from 1925 until 1990 . From 1990 to 1991 , it was the sovereign part of the Soviet Union with its own legislation . Sometimes , that period can be also referred to as Soviet Uzbekistan . Beginning 20 June 1990 , Uzbek SSR adopted the Declaration of State Sovereignty within its borders . Islam Karimov became the republic 's inaugural president . On 31 August 1991 , the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic was renamed the Republic of Uzbekistan '' ' and declared independence three months before the Soviet Union 's dissolution on 26 December 1991 . A doubly landlocked Soviet republic in Central Asia . Uzbekistan was bordered by Kazakhstan to the north ; Tajikistan to the southeast ; Kirghizia to the northeast ; Afghanistan to the south ; and Turkmenistan to the southwest .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "738ee5177f2bf6378d53fd54c2d5c505", "text": "Geography of Iran Geographically , Iran is located in West Asia and borders the Caspian Sea , Persian Gulf , and Gulf of Oman . Its mountains have helped to shape both the political and the economic history of the country for several centuries . The mountains enclose several broad basins , on which major agricultural and urban settlements are located . Until the 20th century , when major highways and railroads were constructed through the mountains to connect the population centers , these basins tended to be relatively isolated from one another . Typically , one major town dominated each basin , and there were complex economic relationships between the town and the hundreds of villages that surrounded it . In the higher elevations of the mountains rimming the basins , tribally organized groups practiced transhumance , moving with their herds of sheep and goats between traditionally established summer and winter pastures . There are no major river systems in the country , and historically transportation was by means of caravans that followed routes traversing gaps and passes in the mountains . The mountains also impeded easy access to the Persian Gulf and the Caspian Sea . With an area of 1648000 km2 , Iran ranks eighteenth in size among the countries of the world . Iran shares its northern borders with three post-Soviet states : Armenia , Azerbaijan , and Turkmenistan . These borders extend for more than 2000 km , including nearly 650 km of water along the southern shore of the Caspian Sea . Iran 's western borders are with Turkey in the north and Iraq in the south , terminating at the Arvand Rud . The Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman littorals form the entire 1770 km southern border . To the east lie Afghanistan on the north and Pakistan on the far south . Iran 's diagonal distance from Azerbaijan in the northwest to Sistan and Baluchestan Province in the southeast is approximately 2333 km .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b69e11ac0c2cd2ee56676d1a6f449440", "text": "Yerkinkala Yerkinkala ( Еркинкала , Yerkinkala , ەركينكالا ) is a town in Atyrau Region , western Kazakhstan , 2 km southwest of the regional capital of Atyrau . It lies at an altitude of 23 m below sea level .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e4246e0403b72c640d753fb76f71370d", "text": "Aktogay, East Kazakhstan Region Aktogay ( Ақтоғай , Aqtoğay , اقتوعاي -LSB- ɑqtu̯ʊʁɑj -RSB- ) is a town in Ayagoz District , East Kazakhstan Region of Kazakhstan and major railway hub of Turkestan-Siberian Railway . Aktogay is located in Balkhash-Alakol lowlands , close to Balkhash lake . The Ayagoz river 's mouth is located nearby Aktogay . The climate is continental . Summer is hot +40 ° , winter is cold -40 ° . The distance to district center Ayagoz is 100 km , to the region center Ust-Kamenogorsk is 420 km , to Astana , the capital of Kazakhstan is 1250 km . The major copper deposit is discovered close to Aktogay town . This is the fourth reserves of copper in the world . Aktogay Mine and copper extraction plant was completed there and the copper cathodes production started in 2011 . The capital cost account $ 1.5-2 billion and the production capacity is 100.000 tones per annum . The city is about 30 km from Lake Balkhash .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "41a21a4d6f22476c399a991740629392", "text": "Kozhevnikova Bay Kozhevnikova Bay ( б́ухта Коже́вникова , bukhta Kozhevnikova ) is a gulf in the southern shore the Khatanga Gulf , Laptev Sea , located west of the Hara Tumus Peninsula . Its coast is desolate as there is no vegetation except for tundra . Since its shores receive alluvial deposits eroded from the cliffs located north of the Khatanga Gulf , they are quite stable . During the 1930s , this area experienced a limited boom owing to the first icebreaker convoys plying the Northern Sea Route . There was a town called Kozhevnikovo and a settlement called Ugolny close to the Kozhevnikova Bay 's shore . Kozhevnikova Bay is 23 km wide and 48 km in length and it is circled by lowlands . Since the climate in the area is exceptionally severe , with prolonged , Arctic winters , it is covered by ice most of the year . Kozhevnikova Bay and its surrounding area belongs to the Krasnoyarsk Krai administrative division of the Russian Federation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ecd2c85b3bf566667ef4e9e20148eec0", "text": "List of World Heritage Sites in Northern and Central Asia The UNESCO ( United Nations Educational , Scientific and Cultural Organization ) has designated 19 World Heritage Sites in six countries ( also called `` state parties '' ) of Central and North Asia : Kazakhstan , Kyrgyzstan , Tajikistan , Turkmenistan , Uzbekistan and the Asian part of Russia . The European part of Russia is included in Eastern Europe . Russia is home to the most inscribed sites with 7 sites , one of which is a transborder property shared with Mongolia in Eastern Asia . The first site from the region was the Itchan Kala in Uzbekistan inscribed in 1990 . Each year , UNESCO 's World Heritage Committee may inscribe new sites on the list , or delist sites that no longer meet the criteria . Selection is based on ten criteria : six for cultural heritage ( i -- vi ) and four for natural heritage ( vii -- x ) . Some sites , designated `` mixed sites , '' represent both cultural and natural heritage . In Northern and Central Asia , there are 11 cultural , 8 natural , and no mixed sites . All of the Russian sites ( 7 ) are natural and with the exception of Sayarka , all of the sites in Central Asia are cultural . The World Heritage Committee may also specify that a site is endangered , citing `` conditions which threaten the very characteristics for which a property was inscribed on the World Heritage List . '' None of the sites in this region has ever been listed as endangered , but possible danger listing has been considered by UNESCO in a number of cases .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6d6d131f5ee55ed6e40c41e33a420d53", "text": "Norrland terrain Norrland terrain ( Norrlandsterräng ) is a geomorphic unit covering the bulk of Norrland and the northwestern half Svealand . Except for The High Coast the coastal areas of Norrland do not belong to the Norrland Terrain . Karna Lidmar-Bergström categorizes the Norrland Terrain into the following clases : Highlands with well developed valleys above 500 m.a.s.l. Plains with residual hills of Northern Sweden `` Plains with residual hills '' , `` Monadnock plain '' or `` Inselberg plain '' are translations of the original Swedish term `` Bergkullsslätt '' . Another name for these surfaces in northern Sweden is Muddus plains . Undulating hilly land of Övertorneå / Överkalix `` Undulating hilly land '' is a translation of the original Swedish name `` Bergkullsterräng '' or `` Bergkullsland '' . Undulating hilly land of Boden area Large scale joint valley landscapes `` Large scale joint valley landscape '' is a translation of the original Swedish term `` Storskalig sprickdalslandskap '' . Sprickdalslandskap is itself a renaming of the earlier concept `` Rutplatåland '' ( Square plateau land ) . Plains with residual hills of Dalarna Undulanting hilly land of Central Sweden From the south the entrance to the Norrland Terrain is not only seen in the relief but in the vast and contiguous boreal forests that extend north of it . Till and peat are the overwhelmingly commonest soil types .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b77e17c24dea510e2da4217a9f7e0be7", "text": "Little Pamir The Little Pamir ( Wakhi : Wuch Pamir ; Kyrgyz : Kichik Pamir ; Pāmīr-e Kochak or Pāmīr-e Khord ) is a broad U-shaped grassy valley or pamir in the eastern part of the Wakhan in north-eastern Afghanistan . The valley is 100 km long and 10 km wide , and is bounded to the north by the Nicholas Range , a subrange of the Pamir Mountains . Chaqmaqtin Lake ( 9 km by 2 km ) lies towards the western end of the valley while the Tegerman Su valley lies at its easternmost end . The Aksu or Murghab River flows east from the lake through the Little Pamir to enter Tajikistan at the eastern end of the valley . The Bozai Darya ( also known as the Little Pamir River ) rises a short distance west of the lake , and flows 15 km west to join the Wakhjir River and form the Wakhan River near the settlement of Bozai Gumbaz . The Little Pamir is used by semi-nomadic Kyrgyz herders for summer pasture . In 1978 almost all the inhabitants fled to Pakistan in the aftermath of the Saur Revolution . Many of the Kyrgyz subsequently migrated to Turkey , but in October 1979 , following the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan , a group of about 200 Kyrgyz returned to the Little Pamir . In 2003 there were 140 yurt households . The valley supports populations of Marco Polo sheep , ibex , and other wild animals . The naturalist George Schaller has advocated the creation of an international peace park to protect the wildlife in the area . The Little Pamir is accessed by trails from the roadhead at Sarhad-e Broghil , about 5 days walk away . A rough road also leads to the Little Pamir from Murghab in Tajikistan , and was the route by which the Soviets occupied the eastern part of Wakhan . The border is now closed . In 2000 the road was used to deliver humanitarian aid to the Kyrgyz of the Little Pamir , and in 2003 a trade fair was held at the border for a few hours .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1290b97420ef803b5c1f2b250ffb7ebd", "text": "Badamsha Badamsha ( also known as Batamshinskiy , Badamsha ( Batamshinskiy ) , Бадамшы , Badamşı , بادامشى ) ) is a town in Aktobe Region , west Kazakhstan . It lies at an altitude of 419 m . It has a population of 5,668 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cc708a5ebe5a05cf945edd7234643b8c", "text": "Uyghurs in Kazakhstan Uyghurs in Kazakhstan form the country 's 7th-largest ethnic group , according to the 1999 census .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "711c84496053d1622548077d760de702", "text": "Terskey Alatau The Teskey Ala-Too or Terskey Ala-Too ( Тескей Ала-Тоосу , -LSB- teskéj ɑlɑtoːsú -RSB- ) is a mountain range in the Tian Shan mountains in Kyrgyzstan . It stretches south and southeast of Lake Issyk Kul , from the river Joon Aryk near Kochkor in the west to the far northeastern part of Kyrgyzstan . The length of the range is 354 km and the highest peak is Karakol Peak ( 5,216 m ) . Another high peak is Boris Yeltsin Peak ( 5,168 m ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a39e6abfd0d4e509632159ad96d76b89", "text": "Kainuu Kainuu ( Kajanaland ) is one of the 19 regions of Finland ( maakunta / landskap ) . There are 18 regions in mainland Finland , and the autonomous Åland Islands . Kainuu borders the regions of Northern Ostrobothnia , North Karelia and Northern Savonia . In the east it also borders Russia . Boreal forest makes up most of the biome in Kainuu . The forest in Kainuu mostly consists of birches , pines and spruces . The atypical regional geography and landscape consist of lakes , hills and vast uninhabited forest areas . The largest lake in the region is the Oulujärvi ( 928.09 km ² ) , one of the largest lakes in Finland . Its shorelines , open waters and islands in Kainuu belong to the municipalities of Vaala , Paltamo and Kajaani . The highest point in Kainuu is the Iso Tuomivaara ( 385 m ) , located in the municipality of Hyrynsalmi . The regional climate is continental . Culturally Kainuu is part of larger Eastern-Finnish cultural heritage . The dialect of Kainuu is based on Savonian and Karelian dialects .", "title": "" } ]	fever
d800f675b01682620715f01430b59934	Shahid Kapoor starred in Ishq Vishk.	[ { "docid": "9d80aa542851311c348c473f3747a5fd", "text": "Shahid Kapoor Shahid Kapoor ( -LSB- ʃaːɦɪd̪ kəˈpuːr -RSB- ; born 25 February 1981 ) , also known as Shahid Khattar , is an Indian actor who appears in Hindi films . The son of actors Pankaj Kapur and Neelima Azeem , Kapoor was born in New Delhi . His parents separated when he was three , and he continued living with his mother . They moved to Mumbai when he was 10 , where he joined Shiamak Davar 's dance academy . Kapoor appeared as a background dancer in a few films of the 1990s , and was later featured in music videos and television commercials . Kapoor made his film debut in 2003 with a leading role in the romantic comedy Ishq Vishk , a sleeper hit for which he won a Filmfare Award for Best Male Debut . He followed it with roles in several commercial failures before starring in Sooraj Barjatya 's top-grossing family drama Vivah ( 2006 ) . Kapoor earned nominations for the Filmfare Award for Best Actor for portraying a troubled businessman in Imtiaz Ali 's romantic comedy Jab We Met ( 2007 ) and twin brothers in Vishal Bhardwaj 's caper thriller Kaminey ( 2009 ) . After appearing in another series of box office flops , he starred in the action film R. . . Rajkumar ( 2013 ) his highest-grossing release . In 2014 , Kapoor portrayed the Hamlet character in Bhardwaj 's acclaimed drama Haider , for which he won the Best Actor award at Filmfare . Two years later , he played a drug abusing singer in the crime drama Udta Punjab , which won him the Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actor . Cited in the media as one of the most attractive Indian celebrities , Kapoor maintains his popularity despite a fluctuating career trajectory . Initially recognised for portraying romantic roles , Kapoor has since taken on parts in action films and thrillers . He is the recipient of several awards , including three Filmfare Awards . In addition to acting , Kapoor supports charities , hosts award ceremonies , and has featured as a talent judge on the dance reality show Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa Reloaded ( 2015 ) . Following a romantic relationship with the actress Kareena Kapoor , he married Mira Rajput , a student from New Delhi , with whom he has a daughter .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "ee28a9c9bbc37df570288108eab2245e", "text": "Masti (film series) Masti is a series of Indian adult comedy films . The series is directed by Indra Kumar and produced by Ashok Thakeria . The series stars Vivek Oberoi , Aftab Shivdasani and Ritesh Deshmukh in principal roles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "30bda7c95cf5d305716e828c35511f8f", "text": "Chhote Sarkar (1974 film) Chhote Sarkar is a 1974 Indian Bollywood film directed by K. Shankar . It stars Shammi Kapoor and Sadhana in pivotal roles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8daa11e8c1aef991f2ead19db5a66ad8", "text": "One 2 Ka 4 One 2 Ka 4 ( वन टू का फ़ोर , One times 2 is 4 ) is an Indian action crime drama film directed by Shashilal K. Nair . The film stars Shah Rukh Khan , Juhi Chawla and Jackie Shroff . The score and soundtrack were composed by A.R.Rahman . This film is now owned by Shah Rukh Khan 's Red Chillies Entertainment .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "006c1fda7ba1a3467179242958aa1b9e", "text": "Snehana Preethina Snehana Preethina ( English : Friendship or Love ) is a 2007 Kannada film directed by Shahuraj Shindhe , and is a remake of the 1997 Hindi film , Ishq . It stars Darshan , Aditya , Sindhu Tolani and Lakshmi Rai in the lead roles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aaf4f8016582fb872b92e632a7e960e9", "text": "PK (film) PK is a 2014 Indian satirical science fiction comedy film . The film was directed by Rajkumar Hirani , produced by Hirani and Vidhu Vinod Chopra , and written by Hirani and Abhijat Joshi . The film stars Aamir Khan in the title role with Anushka Sharma , Sushant Singh Rajput , Boman Irani , Saurabh Shukla , and Sanjay Dutt in supporting roles . It tells the story of an alien who comes to Earth on a research mission . He befriends a television journalist and questions religious dogmas and superstitions . The film received positive reviews and emerged as the 3rd highest-grossing Indian film of all time , and ranks as the 70th highest-grossing film of 2014 worldwide . The film has been regarded as one of the best Hindi films of 2014 . It is currently the 3rd highest-grossing Indian film of all time only behind Baahubali 2 : The Conclusion and Dangal ( film ) . PK is the first Indian film to gross 7 billion worldwide . It is also the first Indian film to gross US$ 100 million ( Rs 630 crore ) worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c45e1e002cbd917081e6fd963d73e691", "text": "Ek Shrimaan Ek Shrimati Ek Shrimaan Ek Shrimati is a 1969 Indian Bollywood film directed by Bhappi Sonie and produced by Surinder Kapoor . It stars Shashi Kapoor and Babita Kapoor in pivotal roles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "38e76fec3db8619c3fdf49d0811977e4", "text": "Sahil Vaid Sahil Vaid is an Indian actor popularly known for movies like Bittoo Boss , Humpty Sharma Ki Dulhania and Badrinath Ki Dulhania", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c4995eb35a49a7a062f0f381b7e88813", "text": "Vishwanath (1978 film) Vishwanath is a 1978 Indian Bollywood film directed by Subhash Ghai and produced by Pawan Kumar . It stars Shatrughan Sinha and Reena Roy in pivotal roles . The film was remade in Telugu as Lawyer Vishwanath with N. T. Rama Rao .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5368a817e65d11a811b2b7869b0b41df", "text": "Shart (1986 film) Shart is a 1986 Bollywood crime thriller directed by Ketan Anand . The film stars Naseeruddin Shah , Shabana Azmi , Kanwaljit Singh , Sarika and Tom Alter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4e781a6450d10157519c30e6ea8d967a", "text": "Sanjay Kapoor Sanjay Kapoor is a Bollywood actor and producer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2e59b8d2ba62ac50e81b1975163e707f", "text": "Trishakti Trishakti is a 1999 Indian Bollywood film directed by Madhur Bhandarkar . It stars Arshad Warsi , Sharad Kapoor , Milind Gunaji and Radhika in pivotal roles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a61e0b89f017d70d5635e2cff6c0527a", "text": "Chup Chup Ke Chup Chup Ke ( चुप चुप के Quietly , Quietly ) is a 2006 Bollywood comedy drama film directed by Priyadarshan . Originally titled as Khatta Meetha , the story of the film is adapted from the Malayalam film Punjabi House ( 1998 ) , with a tagline of `` Love meets confusion meets love . '' The film has Shahid Kapoor and Kareena Kapoor in their third film together along with actors , Neha Dhupia , Sunil Shetty , Paresh Rawal , Rajpal Yadav , Shakti Kapoor , Om Puri and Anupam Kher .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6c0e41628256ec0e3ec866f65601a7cd", "text": "List of accolades received by Haider (film) Haider is a 2014 Indian crime-drama film directed by Vishal Bhardwaj , and produced by Bhardwaj and Siddharth Roy Kapur . The film stars Shahid Kapoor as the eponymous protagonist , and co-stars Tabu , Kay Kay Menon , Shraddha Kapoor , and Irrfan Khan . Bhardwaj wrote the dialogues for the film , and co-wrote the screenplay with Basharat Peer . Bhardwaj also composed the music and Gulzar wrote the lyrics . The film is a modern-day adaptation of William Shakespeare 's tragedy Hamlet , and tells the story of Haider who searches for his missing father during the Kashmir conflict of 1995 . Produced on a budget of , Haider was released on 2 October 2014 , and grossed worldwide . The film garnered awards and nominations in several categories , with particular praise for its direction , performances of Shahid Kapoor and Tabu , music and production design . As of June 2015 , the film has won 36 awards . At the 62nd National Film Awards , Haider earned five awards , more than any other film at the ceremony , including Best Music Direction and Best Screenplay ( Dialogues ) ( both Bhardwaj ) . Haider also won five awards at the 60th Filmfare Awards ceremony , including Best Actor ( Shahid Kapoor ) , Best Supporting Actor ( Menon ) , and Best Supporting Actress ( Tabu ) . It also received nominations for Best Film and Best Director at the ceremony . At the 2015 Screen Awards , Haider received nominations for Best Film and Best Director , and won five awards , including Best Actor and Best Supporting Actress . Haider also won nine awards at the 16th ceremony of the International Indian Film Academy Awards , including Best Actor and Best Supporting Actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fe5e9011390faf547b3216cb0acf49ff", "text": "Rajat Kapoor Rajat Kapoor is an Indian actor , writer and director born in 1961 . Kapoor was born in Delhi , India . As a teenager he would watch films with his family and decided to become a filmmaker at the age of 14 . He mainly focused on acting at first . In 1983 he joined the theatre group Chingari in Delhi , later moving to Pune to attend the Film and Television Institute of India ( FTII ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ec1c5e23e242f352c25e3ee2771dfd8", "text": "Shree (2013 film) Shree is a 2013 Bollywood Science Fiction thriller film starring Hussain Kuwajerwala , directed by Rajesh Bachchani and produced by Vikram M. Shah . The film released in India on 26 April 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e7c0fbb1b665ba155ab32c7dc2589ee6", "text": "Luckhnowi Ishq Luckhnowi Ishq is a 2015 Indian romantic film directed by Aanand Raut . It stars Adhyayan Suman and Karishma Kotak in lead roles . The film is produced by KC Films . It tells the love story of a young medical student from Delhi and a beautiful girl from Lucknow . The film promises glimpses of the rich culture and surroundings of Lucknow . The movie was released on 3 April 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c40a23b2706723ded734408fc3359b28", "text": "Ek Villain Ek Villain ( English : One Villain ) is a 2014 Indian romantic thriller directed by Mohit Suri . The film stars Riteish Deshmukh , Sidharth Malhotra and Shraddha Kapoor in lead roles , and tells the story of a hardened criminal whose terminally ill wife is murdered by a serial killer . The film was produced by Ekta Kapoor and Shobha Kapoor under Balaji Motion Pictures and ALT Entertainment . The film is an unofficial remake of the 2010 South Korean thriller film I Saw the Devil . Upon its release on 27 June 2014 , the film received mixed to positive reviews from the critics , and was a commercial success .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e3a3cd2a5bcd0fe284e19b2fe5407c92", "text": "Sanam (film) Sanam is a 1997 Hindi drama film directed and produced by Aziz Sejawal . While written by Anees Bazmee , it starred Sanjay Dutt , Manisha Koirala , Vivek Mushran , Anupam Kher , Dalip Tahil , Kader Khan , Anjan Srivastav , Gulshan Grover and Shakti Kapoor . The music , composed by Anand-Milind , was the biggest strengths of this film .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5bc0c66d40650643a016db3a097d17b3", "text": "Kismat Konnection Kismat Konnection ( Fate Connection ) is an Indian film directed by Aziz Mirza who previously directed films including Yes Boss ( 1997 ) , Phir Bhi Dil Hai Hindustani ( 2000 ) and Chalte Chalte ( 2003 ) . The film stars Shahid Kapoor and Vidya Balan in the lead roles with Juhi Chawla in a guest appearance . Shah Rukh Khan is the narrator . Produced by Ramesh S Taurani under the banner of Tips Industries , Kismat Konnection was released on 18 July 2008 . The Film was declared a `` Semi-Hit '' at the box office .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "afc3c34466797714480bddc48548497b", "text": "Kinshuk Vaidya Kinshuk Vaidya ( born 5 April 1991 ) is an Indian film and television actor . He is widely known for his lead role of Sanju , a guy with a magical pencil , in the Star Plus 's highly successful children 's television series Shaka Laka Boom Boom , which made him a household name and earned him critical praise . He also worked alongside Kajol , Ajay Devgn and Rishi Kapoor in the children 's film Raju Chacha as Rahul Rai . Despite much anticipation , the film underperformed at the box-office . Vaidya made his comeback after more than a decade with the televion series Ek Rishta Saajhedari Kaplaying the leading role of Aryan Sethia , the series airs on Sony TV . He also appeared in one of the episodes of the anthological series Yeh Hai Aashiquithat aired on Bindass .", "title": "" } ]	fever
2a5b7831c3555d70e1f249476793d17b	Inspectah Deck isn't a rapper.	[ { "docid": "83545678ed2b2edc5a6d811a3188eb6d", "text": "Inspectah Deck Jason Hunter ( born July 6 , 1970 ) better known by his stage name Inspectah Deck , is an American rapper , producer , and member of the groups Wu-Tang Clan and Czarface . He has acquired critical praise for his intricate lyricism , and for his verses on many of the group 's most revered songs . He has grown to become a producer in his own right , taking up tracks for fellow clansmen and his own projects .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "888f1cf1f2086a952293cdd563f261f0", "text": "Danny Boy (singer) Danny Boy Steward ( born October 31 , 1977 ) is a Chicago native known by his stage name Danny Boy or DB . He is a contemporary African-American soul singer originally signed for a five-year run with Death Row Records by Suge Knight . He made his debut on 1994 's Murder Was the Case soundtrack with the R&B charter Come When I Call ( Produced by DJ Quik ) . In 1995 , he released his first single entitled Slip N Slide ( Produced by Reggie Moore and co-produced by DeVante Swing ) with then unknown artist Ginuwine singing the chorus . The video was shot in Cabo , and also features scenes with 2Pac , Snoop Dogg , Nate Dogg and Tha Dogg Pound . Danny is best known for singing the choruses of the 2Pac songs `` I Ai n't Mad at Cha '' , `` What ' z Ya Phone # '' , `` Picture Me Rollin ' '' and `` Heaven Ai n't Hard 2 Find '' on All Eyez on Me , as well as `` Toss It Up '' on The Don Killuminati : The 7 Day Theory . He had recorded several albums ' worth of music while on Death Row Records , but none were released during his time there . Danny Boy also made an appearance on Tha Row 's soundtrack to Eddie Griffin 's Dysfunktional Family movie and also appeared on American Idol , but was disqualified due to continued internet promotion by his former label . He is currently working on some projects for his own label `` Eclectic Soul Music Group '' and resides in the suburbs of Atlanta , Georgia . On April 20 , 2010 Death Row Records , under new management , finally released Danny Boy 's 1996 debut album It 's About Time featuring production by DJ Quik & DeVante Swing .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a3dc443d14d916ae5c349837433dea85", "text": "Paid in Full (album) Paid in Full is the debut album of American hip hop duo Eric B. & Rakim , released on July 7 , 1987 , by Island-subsidiary label 4th & B'way Records . The duo recorded the album at hip hop producer Marley Marl 's home studio and Power Play Studios in New York City , following Rakim 's response to Eric B. 's search for a rapper to complement his disc jockey work in 1985 . The album peaked at number fifty-eight on the Billboard 200 chart and produced five singles , `` Eric B. Is President '' , `` I Ai n't No Joke '' , `` I Know You Got Soul '' , `` Move the Crowd '' , and `` Paid in Full '' . Paid in Full is credited as a benchmark album of golden age hip hop . Rakim 's rapping , which pioneered the use of internal rhymes in hip hop , set a higher standard of lyricism in the genre and served as a template for future rappers . The album 's heavy sampling by Eric B. became influential in hip hop production . The record has sold over a million copies and the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) certified it platinum in 1995 . In 2003 , the album was ranked number 228 on Rolling Stone magazine 's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d54446f72b614898c0689d9ffb711362", "text": "36 Seasons 36 Seasons is the eleventh studio album by American rapper and Wu-Tang Clan member , Ghostface Killah . It was released on December 9 , 2014 , by Tommy Boy Records .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c7b4eb07ec53b596f4a3b02d882e92c9", "text": "Watch Out (2 Chainz song) `` Watch Out '' is a song by American hip hop recording artist 2 Chainz . It was released on July 22 , 2015 as a single from his mixtape , Trap-A-Velli Tre . This track was produced by FKi . The song was later included as an iTunes exclusive track on 2 Chainz ' third studio album ColleGrove . The song was certified Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) October 12 , 2016 , for selling over 1,000,000 digital copies in the United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a4920e48b5d25e21e0c06c0902441db6", "text": "The SouthSide The SouthSide is a Hip Hop group known for its distinctly Floridian influence.The group is the brainchild of lyricist/producer Daniel `` Dub Deuce '' Wassef , lyricist/producer A.Nodarse , producer `` Private '' Ryan Christman , and lyricist/producer Dexter `` DbryJ '' Bryant . The group 's quest to make Hip Hop music began in 2004 as a result of the member 's desire to create an environment where they could exchange beats , freestyle , and record music . The group 's first album , Sounds of the South , Vol . 1 , made waves in Tampa and Tallahassee after being leaked before its release date . The group 's unique style can be attributed to their love for Hip Hop and how it manifests itself in Florida . Believing that Florida 's diverse nature makes it different from the rest of Dirty South , the group 's name is reflective of their mission to produce music that embodies that unique aesthetic . The SouthSide feels very strongly about the state of Florida and its status within the Hip Hop Nation . Each member represents different Floridian cities , different cultures , and different experiences .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bb404d9bcaec4563bc57b911d4ec398d", "text": "Major Key (album) Major Key ( stylized as Major ð ''` ) is the ninth studio album by DJ Khaled . It was released on July 29 , 2016 , by We the Best Music Group and Epic Records . The album features guest appearances from Future , Big Sean , Rick Ross , Jay Z , Drake , Nas , Kendrick Lamar , Betty Wright , J. Cole , Bryson Tiller , Nicki Minaj , Chris Brown , August Alsina , Jeremih , Kodak Black , Jeezy , French Montana , YG , Yo Gotti , Gucci Mane , 2 Chainz , Jadakiss , Fabolous , Fat Joe , Busta Rhymes , Kent Jones , Travis Scott , Lil Wayne , Meghan Trainor , Wiz Khalifa , Wale and Mavad The album was supported by four singles , `` For Free '' , `` I Got the Keys '' , `` Holy Key '' and `` Do You Mind '' . Major Key received generally positive reviews from critics and debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 . The album was certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) in November 2016 . It received a Grammy nomination for Best Rap Album .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d3c73e90312f03b80400cdc9d39beca4", "text": "The Lost Tape (mixtape) The Lost Tape is the tenth mixtape by American hip hop recording artist 50 Cent . The mixtape , hosted by DJ Drama , is 50 Cent 's first `` Gangsta Grillz '' mixtape . It was released as a free download on May 22 , 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2adf5c6155f1b4f424872fb6305261f2", "text": "Street Hop Street Hop is the fourth studio album by the American rapper Royce da 5 ' 9 '' , released in the United States on October 20 , 2009 , on One Records . It is the follow-up to his previous album Independent 's Day ( 2005 ) . At the release of Success Is Certain ( August 9 , 2011 ) , Street Hop sold approximately 24,000 units in the United States via HitsDailyDouble .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "85a2b8fd164cb492cc4639414d45a75b", "text": "ASAP Ferg Darold D. Brown Ferguson , Jr. ( born October 20 , 1988 ) , better known by his stage name ASAP Ferg ( stylized as A$ AP Ferg ) , is an American rapper from New York City 's Harlem neighborhood . Aside from his solo career , he is a member of the hip hop collective A$ AP Mob , from which he adopted his moniker . In January 2013 , Ferg signed a solo record deal with Polo Grounds and RCA , the same labels that helped launch A$ AP Worldwide , when Ferg 's A$ AP Mob cohorts A$ AP Rocky and the late A$ AP Yams , negotiated their own respective deal in 2011 . His debut album Trap Lord was released on August 20 , 2013 , and was met with generally positive reviews . On April 22 , 2016 , Ferg released his second studio album , Always Strive and Prosper .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cc601d28f80499f6b4598d12ee59f8d1", "text": "Chief Keef discography The discography of Chief Keef , an American hip hop recording artist . Chief Keef released his first studio album Finally Rich in 2012 after having several successful hits like I Do n't Like , Everyday , Love Sosa which all of them went viral . The album peaked at number 29 on Billboard 200 and number 2 on Billboard Rap chart . In 2013 he was featured on several hit songs by other rappers . In 2014 he released the single `` Faneto '' which went viral as well . In 2014 he released his mixtape Back from the Dead 2 which was met with critical acclaim from critics . In 2015 he was featured on Travis Scott 's debut album Rodeo on the song Nightcrawler . He also released two albums Bang 3 Pt .1 and Pt .2 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a0d0d0bf2bd28cccde29026e7719de93", "text": "Based on a True Story (Mack 10 album) Based on a True Story is the second studio album by American rapper Mack 10 , released September 16 , 1997 on Priority Records . It peaked at number 14 on the Billboard 200 and at number 5 on the Billboard Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums . One single , `` Backyard Boogie '' , peaked at number 23 on the Billboard Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs . and performed well on several other charts as well . The album features guest performance by Ice Cube , E-40 , Snoop Dogg , Allfrumtha I and The Comrads . Along with singles , music videos were produced for two songs : `` Backyard Boogie '' and `` Only in California '' featuring Ice Cube and Snoop Dogg . Ice Cube makes a cameo appearance in `` Backyard Boogie '' . The song , `` Ca n't Stop '' , was previously released on the Ant Banks album , Big Thangs . Another song , `` Dopeman '' , was later included on two Priority Records compilations , In tha Beginning ... There Was Rap and Straight Outta Compton : N.W.A 10th Anniversary Tribute . `` Dopeman '' is a cover version of the 1987 N.W.A song of the same name .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5fe98306039ea0f043208cc00061980d", "text": "B-Boy Records B-Boy Records was an important independent hip hop record label formed by Jack Allen and William Kamarra in 1986 , and situated at 132nd Street and Cypress Avenue in the Bronx , New York City . Its most notable signing was Boogie Down Productions , and it released Boogie Down Productions ' first singles , `` South Bronx '' ( 1986 ) and `` The Bridge is Over '' ( 1987 ) , and the group 's landmark debut album , Criminal Minded ( 1987 ) . Other acts that recorded for the label included JVC Force , Cold Crush Brothers , Levi 167 and Jewel T. The label 's output is a mix of new names and old pioneers , and documents a period in which self-assertive lyrics begin to detail street life even as the music moved from hardcore drum-machine-based tracks to the horns and drum sounds of sampler-based hip hop . B-Boy Records folded in 1988 , though Nate Patrin of Pitchfork Media reports that , `` both Allen and Kamarra have set about reviving the B-Boy Records name independently of each other , and there seems to have been a number of bridges burned between the two men . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2f0a403a4e22adea9948f5321f1eb854", "text": "Ratchet (slang) Ratchet is a slang term in hip hop that in the strictest sense refers to an uncouth female , and is a Louisianan regiolect of `` wretched '' . The term has devolved to multiple meanings and connotations and is not bound by race or gender . The term gained popularity in 2012 through music artists and celebrities . It has been used similarly as the word `` ghetto '' . `` Ratchet '' can be used as an adjective , noun , or verb . The word has evolved to have many different meanings , and it can have either a positive or negative connotation . Some African-American women have reappropriated the word and embrace the meaning , whereas others point to how the term reinforces the negative portrayal of African-American women in the media . Numerous music artists have referred to the term `` ratchet '' in their songs . In November 2012 , LL Cool J released a single called `` Ratchet '' . In December 2012 , Beyoncé posted a picture of her wearing earrings that contained the word `` ratchet '' in it . Juicy J , Lil Debbie , Cam ` ron , Future , and Lil ' Boosie are some other artists who have also used the term in their music . Miley Cyrus had been criticized by some as appropriating ratchet culture . The word ratchet first appeared in publication in 1999 , with the song `` Do the Ratchet '' by Anthony Mandigo from Shreveport , Louisiana . Mandigo reportedly learned the term from his grandmother . In 2004 , a new version of the song was recorded . The producer of the song named Earl Williams , also known as Phunk Dawg , wrote the definition in the CD liner notes : `` n. , pron. , v , adv. , 1 . To be ghetto , real , gutter , nasty . 2 . It 's whatever , bout it , etc. . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9782a9a29ecdea34be9844859cf897fd", "text": "Straight Checkn 'Em Straight Checkn 'Em is the second studio album by American rap group Compton 's Most Wanted , released July 16 , 1991 on Orpheus Records . It peaked at number 23 on the Billboard Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums and at number 92 on the Billboard 200 . Along with a single , a music video was produced for the song , `` Straight Checkn 'Em '' . The song , `` Growin ' Up in the Hood '' , was originally heard in the film , Boyz n the Hood , and was also released as a single and a music video to promote the film 's soundtrack .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7152ae9c006dedef1d7c59bbc167db49", "text": "Snoop Dogg discography The discography of American rapper Snoop Dogg of fifteen studio albums , four collaborative albums , seventeen compilation albums , one extended play , twenty mixtapes , 127 singles ( including seventy-four as a featured artist ) , and fourteen promotional singles . He has sold over 23.5 million albums in United States and 37 million albums worldwide . He has garnered fourteen top ten singles on the Billboard Hot 100 ( including eight as a featured artist ) . Snoop Dogg came to attention of the music industry in 1992 , through his vocal contributions on Dr. Dre 's The Chronic . That album is considered to have `` transformed the entire sound of West Coast rap '' by its development of what later became known as the `` G-funk '' sound . The Chronic expanded gangsta rap with profanity , anti-authoritarian lyrics and multi-layered samples taken from 1970 's P-Funk records . Snoop Dogg contributed vocals to Dre 's solo single , `` Deep Cover '' , which led to a high degree of anticipation among hip hop for the release of his own solo album . Snoop 's debut album , Doggystyle , was released in 1993 under Death Row Records , debuting at number one on both the Billboard 200 and Billboard Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums charts , powered by spectacular first week sales 803,000 units . Doggystyle became certified 4 × platinum in 1994 and spawned several hit singles , including `` What 's My Name ? '' , `` Gin & Juice '' and the European hit `` Doggy Dogg World '' . As of March 2008 , the album has sold 6,137,000 copies in the United States . In 1994 , Snoop released a soundtrack on Death Row Records for the short film Murder Was The Case , starring himself . Murder Was the Case debuted on the Billboard 200 at number one , selling 329,000 units in the first week sales . The following week it stayed on top with 197,000 copies sold and was certified Gold . The album is certified 2x platinum with 2,030,000 copies sold . Following to the successful release of his debut album Doggystyle ( 1993 ) , Snoop was charged with a murder . In 1995 , Snoop had been spending much time preparing for the case , which went to trial , which took place later that year . In February 1996 , he was cleared of all charges and began working on his second album , without Dr. Dre as a frequent record producer on the album . This is also Snoop 's final album on Death Row Records , under the name of Snoop Doggy Dogg . His second album Tha Doggfather ( 1996 ) , also debuted at number one on US charts and UK R&B Charts . The album was certified double platinum in 1997 . Preceding the album 's release by European singles ; `` Snoop 's Upside Ya Head '' , `` Vapors '' and `` Doggfather '' . In 1998 Snoop released Da Game Is to Be Sold , Not to Be Told it was released , by No Limit Records . It is his first album following his departure from Death Row Records . It was also his first album to be released under a slight change to his stage name `` Snoop Dogg '' for contractual reasons . The album debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 chart , selling over 520,000 copies in its first week , and remained on top for the second week selling additional 246,000 units according to SoundScan . It remained in the top ten for five weeks ; thus it was quickly certified double platinum later that year . In terms of chart success it is one of his most successful containing the singles Still a G Thang and Woof . As of March 2008 , the album has sold 2,085,000 copies in the United States . The fourth studio album , No Limit Top Dogg , was released on May 11 , 1999 . The album 's lead single `` Bitch Please '' featuring Xzibit and Nate Dogg , produced by Dr. Dre became a hit . The music video for the album 's second single `` G Bedtime Stories '' which was a success , the song was produced by Meech Wells . No Limit Top Dogg debuted at number 2 on the US Billboard 200 , selling 187,400 copies in its first week . Though it was Snoop Dogg 's first album to not debut at number one and have strong album sales for the first week , it eventually sold 1,100,000 copies by closing the year of 1999 making it the 73rd best selling album of the year . As of March 2008 , the album had sales 1,518,000 copies in the United States . The third and final album released on No Limit Records and his first album on his newly founded label Doggystyle Records , Tha Last Meal was released on December 19 , 2000 . The album included the singles `` Snoop Dogg ( What 's My Name Pt . 2 ) '' , `` Hennesey n Buddah '' featuring Kokane , `` Lay Low '' featuring Nate Dogg , `` Loosen ' Control '' and `` Wrong Idea '' featuring Bad Azz . The single `` Snoop Dogg ( What 's My Name II ) '' was nominated for Music Video of the Year at The Source Hip-Hop Music Awards 2001 . The album was nominated Album of the Year at the same ceremony . The single `` Wrong Idea '' was also included in Bad Azz 's second album Personal Business released on Doggystyle . Tha Last Meal debuted at number 9 on the US Billboard 200 , selling 397,238 copies in its first week . In the third week the album reached at number 4 in the US chart . The album topped the Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums for four consecutive weeks . In 2001 the album has sold 1,200,000 copies in the United States . Has sold over 2,068,000 copies in the United States according to Nielsen SoundScan . The sixth studio album , Paid tha Cost to Be da Bo $ $ was supported by two singles : `` From tha Chuuuch to da Palace '' featuring Pharrell and the other-Pharrell track `` Beautiful '' also featuring Charlie Wilson . The album debuted at number 12 on the US Billboard 200 , selling 174,000 copies in its first week . The album has been certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) and has sold 1,500,000 copies worldwide . The album 's lead single , titled `` From tha Chuuuch to da Palace '' featuring guest vocals from Pharrell , was released on October 15 , 2002 . The song was produced by The Neptunes . The music video for `` From tha Chuuuch to da Palace '' , was directed by Diane Martel , under the alias Bucky Chrome . The second single , `` Beautiful '' featuring Pharrell and Charlie Wilson , was released on January 28 , 2003 . The song also was produced by The Neptunes . The music video for `` Beautiful '' featuring Pharrell and Charlie Wilson ( who he did not make it to the video ) , was directed by Chris Robinson and it was released in 2003 . The video took place in Brazil . The video helped exceeded the song to become a hit on the Billboard charts . The seventh studio R&G ( Rhythm & Gangsta ) : The Masterpiece was released 2004 . `` Drop It Like It 's Hot '' featuring Pharrell , was released as the album 's lead single on September 14 , 2004 . With the production by The Neptunes , the song gained some critical attention for its very sparse production . The song essentially is just tongue clicks , keyboards and a drum machine beat , which compared to much early 2000s rap , was very minimalist . It was nominated at the Grammy Awards for Best Rap Song and Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group , though it lost both awards to the songs `` Jesus Walks '' by Kanye West and `` Let 's Get It Started '' by The Black Eyed Peas , respectively . The song reached at number 10 on the UK Singles Chart and number one on the US Billboard Hot 100 , becoming Snoop 's first US number one single . The song internationally reached the top-ten in a huge 12 countries . The second single , `` Let 's Get Blown '' featuring Pharrell , was released on December 14 , 2004 . The song was produced by The Neptunes . It did not repeat the success of `` Drop It Like It 's Hot '' , but it filled the gap between the aforementioned song and the club hit `` Signs '' . Keyshia Cole , who had not garnered a reputation at that time and was therefore left uncredited ( her contribution to the R&G song `` Pass It Pass It '' also went uncredited ) . The song samples and contains interpolations from Slave 's `` Watching You '' , which was also interpolated in `` Gin and Juice . '' The single is one of Snoop Dogg 's biggest hits in the UK for peaking at number 13 and number 54on the US Billboard Hot 100 . `` Signs '' featuring Justin Timberlake and Charlie Wilson , was released on April 25 , 2005 . The song was produced by The Neptunes . In May 2005 , the single reached at number 2 on the UK Singles Chart and number 46 on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart . However , it was more popular in Australia staying at number one on the Australian Singles Chart for two weeks . Internationally , the song reached the top-ten in 11 countries . The final single , `` Ups & Downs '' featuring Bee Gees , was released on August 15 , 2005 . The song was produced by Warryn Campbell . The song interpolates The Bee Gees ' 1979 hit `` Love You Inside Out '' . The song charted in several countries , but did n't match the success from his previous singles on the album . R&G debuted at number 6 on the US Billboard 200 chart , selling 225,000 copies in its first week . In its second week , the album fell to number 9 on the Billboard 200 , selling 203,000 copies , for a two-week total of 428,000 units . As of March 2008 , the album sales 1,724,000 copies in the United States . In 2006 , the song `` I Wan na Love You '' , a collaboration with Akon , became Snoop 's second number one on the Hot 100 . Tha Blue Carpet Treatment Snoop 's eighth studio album , was released in 2006 . Tha Blue Carpet Treatment debuted at number 5 on the US Billboard 200 , selling 264,000 copies in its first week . On the Nielsen SoundScan annual `` Best Sellers Top 100 '' rankings when the album was listed 97th with the 2006 year-end catalog closing sales number of 637,000 copies despite having been released in mid-November and its sales data is accumulated for only one and a half months . As of March 2008 , the album had sales 903,000 copies in the United States . On November 20 , 2007 he released the single `` Sexual Eruption '' peaked at number 7 on The Hot 100 . The ninth studio album Ego Trippin ' , it was released by Geffen Records on March 11 , 2008 . The album sold over 137,000 copies in its first week in the United States , debuting at number 3 on the US Billboard 200 chart . In its second week the album fell to number 7 on the Billboard 200 chart , selling 57,000 copies , for a two-week total of 194,000 units . Ego Trippin was the tenth best selling hip hop album of the year , selling 401,000 copies in the US . Malice n Wonderland is the tenth studio album by American rapper Snoop 's ; it was released on December 8 , 2009 . The album included the Billboard charts singles `` Gangsta Luv '' and `` I Wan na Rock '' . Malice n Wonderland debuted at number 23 on the US Billboard 200 , selling 61,000 copies in its opening week . It is his first album since Paid tha Cost to Be da Boss ( 2002 ) not to reach the top ten on the Billboard 200 , his lowest charting album on the US R&B / Hip-Hop charts and his only album to miss the British and Australian Top 100 . Malice n Wonderland has sold over 400,000 copies in the United States as of 2011 . In 2011 , Snoop 's was released top ten album Doggumentary , the album debuted at number eight on the US Billboard 200 chart , selling 50,000 copies in its first week in the United States . Snoop Dogg collaborated with David Guetta for a remix of the latter 's single `` Wet '' , newly titled `` Sweat '' . It topped the charts in countries such as France , Australia and Austria . In 2011 , Snoop released a soundtrack on Mac & Devin Go to High School with Wiz Khalifa . `` Young , Wild & Free '' , the soundtrack 's lead single which features Bruno Mars , and produced by The Smeezingtons , was released on October 11 , 2011 . In its first week it sold 159,000 digital copies , debuting at number 10 on the US Billboard Hot 100 , and number 44 on the Canadian Hot 100 . In 2012 , after a trip to Jamaica , Snoop announced a conversion to the Rastafari movement and a new alias , Snoop Lion '' ' . Under the new moniker , he released a reggae album , Reincarnated . As of May 2015 , the album has sold 104,000 copies in the United States . The album topped Billboard Top Reggae Albums for 34 non-consecutive weeks n His thirteenth solo studio album , Bush , was released in May 2015 . It was supported by the singles ; `` Peaches N Cream '' featuring Charlie Wilson , `` So Many Pros '' , and `` California Roll '' featuring Stevie Wonder . The album was the eighth best-selling album of the week . Bush was the sixth Snoop 's solo album to debut at number one on the Billboard '' Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums . Coolaid was released July 1 , 2016 on eOne . His latest album Neva Left was released on Doggystyle and Empire records on May 19 , 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f20ad95ceb0e593065e1dbcfefcc5c58", "text": "Hollywood (Flavor Flav album) This is the self-titled debut solo album by hip-hop artist Flavor Flav . It is the only non-Public Enemy album made by him . The album was in production for at least seven years with the oldest track being `` Hot 1 '' , first released as a single in 1999 . The only guest appearance is from Smooth B of Nice & Smooth . Ol' Dirty Bastard , The Beatnuts and Ce Ce Peniston had been slated to appear on the album , but did not make the cut . This album is sometimes mistakenly referred to as `` Hollywood '' due to the image of the sign on the front of the album but it is self-titled . The songs `` Flavor Man '' and `` Col-Leepin '' later appeared on Public Enemy 's 2007 album How You Sell Soul To A Soulless People Who Sold Their Soul ? .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c40cf989ea5a7630a41396d75d6c69d0", "text": "Brainstorm (album) Brainstorm '' ' is the second album by rapper , Young MC . The album was released in 1991 for Capitol Records . After the huge success of his debut album , Stone Cold Rhymin ' , Young MC signed a two-album deal with Capitol Records . Brainstorm '' did not perform as well as his previous album , only reaching No. 66 on the Billboard 200 an No. 61 on the Top R&B / Hip-Hop album charts . Though the album failed to make an impact on the charts , it nevertheless was certified gold by the RIAA on October 9 , 1991 for sales of over 500,000 copies .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0ccfdaa91934f0a33f7c59da75bf0ac5", "text": "Tha Blaqprint Tha Blaqprint is the second studio album by American hip hop recording artist Blaq Poet , released June 30 , 2009 on DJ Premier 's record label Year Round Records via Fat Beats Records . It features guest appearances by the also Year Round Records signed group NYGz and Nick Javas , Capone-N-Noreaga member N.O.R.E. , Imani Montana , Lil ' Fame from M.O.P. , and the late Screwball member KL . The album was entirely produced by DJ Premier , except for two tracks : `` U Phucc 'd Up '' , produced by Easy Mo Bee , and `` Sichuwayshunz '' , produced by Gemcrates . Several tracks have been released on various mixtapes , such as `` Blaq Out '' or `` No Talent Required '' , dating all the way back to 2006 . The album 's lead single , `` Ai n't Nuttin ' Changed '' , has been released in February 2009 . There 's also a remix version to the single , released in June 2009 . It features verses by MC Eiht from Compton 's Most Wanted and Young Maylay from Ice Cube 's Lench Mob Records .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3938a70b8464bed9c34c9899ed500676", "text": "Top Dawg Entertainment Top Dawg Entertainment ( TDE ) is an American independent record label founded in 2004 , by chief executive officer ( CEO ) Anthony `` Top Dawg '' Tiffith . Dave `` Miyatola '' Free and Terrence `` Punch '' Henderson are the co-presidents of TDE . There are currently eight artists signed to the label , Isaiah Rashad , SZA , Lance Skiiiwalker and SiR , as well as the flagship artists , Black Hippy members , Kendrick Lamar , Jay Rock , ScHoolboy Q and Ab-Soul . The label also houses a production division that includes Digi + Phonics , THC , and King Blue .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "338697a5a6143829bb70f629a8bba668", "text": "A Boogie wit da Hoodie Artist J. Dubose ( born December 6 , 1995 ) , better known by his stage name A Boogie wit da Hoodie ( or simply A Boogie ) , is an American rapper , songwriter , and record producer from Highbridge , Bronx , New York City . He is signed to Highbridge the Label and Atlantic Records . He is best known for his breakout single `` Jungle '' , from his debut mixtape Artist ( 2016 ) .", "title": "" } ]	fever
1451da2853ff59ab1aa68a1749128057	International Relations includes technology and engineering, economics, communication studies, history, international law, demography, philosophy, geography, social work, sociology, anthropology, criminology, psychology, gender studies, cultural studies, culturology, and diplomacy, globalization, diplomatic relations, state sovereignty, international security, ecological sustainability, nuclear proliferation, nationalism, economic development, global finance, as well as terrorism and organized crime, human security, foreign interventionism, and human rights, as well, as, more recently, comparative religion.	[ { "docid": "d645e80b91e256fa66693f9091049511", "text": "International relations International relations ( IR ) or international affairs , depending on academic institution , is either a field of political science , an interdisciplinary academic field similar to global studies , or an entirely independent academic discipline in which students take a variety of internationally focused courses in social science and humanities disciplines . In both cases , the field studies relationships between political entities ( polities ) such as states , sovereign states , empires , inter-governmental organizations ( IGOs ) , international non-governmental organizations ( INs ) , non-governmental organizations ( NGOs ) , and multinational corporations ( MNCs ) , and the wider world-systems produced by this interaction . International relations is an academic and a public policy field , and so can be positive and normative , because it analyzes and formulates the foreign policy of a given State . As political activity , international relations dates from the time of the Greek historian Thucydides ( c. 460 -- 395 BC ) , and , in the early 20th century , became a discrete academic field ( No. 5901 in the 4-digit UNESCO Nomenclature ) within political science . In practice International Relations and International Affairs forms a separate academic program or field from Political Science , and the courses taught therein are highly interdisciplinary . For example , international relations draws from the fields of : technology and engineering , economics , communication studies , history , international law , demography , philosophy , geography , social work , sociology , anthropology , criminology , psychology , gender studies , cultural studies , culturology , and diplomacy . The scope of international relations comprehends globalization , diplomatic relations , state sovereignty , international security , ecological sustainability , nuclear proliferation , nationalism , economic development , global finance , as well as terrorism and organized crime , human security , foreign interventionism , and human rights , as well , as , more recently , comparative religion .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "30557f5b3dfdef9b7e0e0ee9b59d738d", "text": "International Studies journal ` International Studies ' publishes original research articles on a wide range of issues and problems , as well as on the theoretical debates of contemporary relevance in the broader field of International Relations and Area Studies . Published in association with Jawaharlal Nehru University , New Delhi This journal is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics ( COPE ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "796019bab7a4d60aeb69f99f57a6442e", "text": "Social philosophy Social philosophy is the study of questions about social behavior and interpretations of society and social institutions in terms of ethical values rather than empirical relations . Social philosophers place new emphasis on understanding the social contexts for political , legal , moral , and cultural questions , and to the development of novel theoretical frameworks , from social ontology to care ethics to cosmopolitan theories of democracy , human rights , gender equity and global justice .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "151623f42266e9deea25fa8d3de56f0d", "text": "Policy studies Policy studies is the combination of policy analysis and program evaluation . It `` involves systematically studying the nature , causes , and effects of alternative public policies , with particular emphasis on determining the policies that will achieve given goals . '' Policy Studies also examines the conflicts and conflict resolution that arise from the making of policies in civil society , the private sector , or more commonly , in the public sector ( e.g. government ) . It is frequently focused on the public sector but is equally applicable to other kinds of organizations ( e.g. , the not-for-profit sector ) . Some policy study experts graduate from public policy schools with public policy degrees . Alternatively , experts may have backgrounds in policy analysis , program evaluation , sociology , psychology , philosophy , economics , anthropology , geography , law , political science , social work , environmental planning and public administration . Traditionally , the field of policy studies focused on domestic policy , with the notable exceptions of foreign and defense policies . However , the wave of economic globalization , which ensued in the late 20th and early 21st centuries , created a need for a subset of policy studies that focuses on global governance , especially as it relates to issues that transcend national borders such as climate change , terrorism , nuclear proliferation , and economic development . This subset of policy studies , which is often referred to as international policy studies , typically requires mastery of a second language and attention to cross-cultural issues in order to address national and cultural biases . For example , the Monterey Institute of International Studies at Middlebury College offers Master of Arts programs that focus exclusively on international policy through a mix of interdisciplinary and cross-cultural analysis called the `` Monterey Way '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9b02a6eb6337905a6524dd44006277df", "text": "Environmental social science Environmental social science is the broad , transdisciplinary study of interrelations between humans and the natural environment . Environmental social scientists work within and between the fields of anthropology , communication studies , economics , geography , history , political science , psychology , and sociology ; and also in the interdisciplinary fields of environmental studies , human ecology and political ecology , among others .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ee76054da6b27f36c66f273878f592a3", "text": "Foreign relations of Guatemala Guatemala 's major diplomatic interests are regional security and increasingly , regional development and economic integration .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "77bd0a3735e40535a0d7233997ad6bea", "text": "Modern constructivism Modern constructivism also known as conventional constructivism is the mainstream variant of constructivism in international relations theory . It can be distinguished from post-modern constructivism . Modern constructivism has an epistemology indebted to positivism .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ea26c9f7a7522d0df2a93a8517da798a", "text": "United States Strategic Communication According to the author Christopher Paul ( RAND ) , Strategic Communication is the `` coordinated actions , messages , images , and other forms of signaling or engagement intended to inform , influence , or persuade selected audiences in support of national objectives . '' There is often debate and discussion concerning what makes strategic communication . Regarding definition , psychological operations , public or civil affairs , information operations and public diplomacy are seemingly the least contested components of U.S. strategic communication . With those components , the most important factor that separates strategic communication from other types of communication is the synchronization and coordination of U.S. efforts . For example , in the National Strategy for Public Diplomacy and Strategic Communication , all strategic communication efforts activities should : underscore our commitment to freedom , human rights and the dignity and equality of every human being ; reach out to those who share our ideals ; support those who struggle for freedom and democracy ; and counter those who espouse ideologies of hate and oppression Strategic communication can be a major tool against adversaries that threaten values supported by the United States . U.S. strategic communication promotes democratization and good governance . It proved vital in winning the Cold War . In the 21st Century , it is critical in countering the radical ideologies of the Islamic Republic of Iran , the Muslim Brotherhood , al - Qaeda and other extremist organizations .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d8c34a9fea13123bc02a9a70f193b7f0", "text": "Societal security Societal security is a concept developed by the Copenhagen School of security studies that refers to ` the ability of a society to persist in its essential character under changing conditions and possible or actual threats ' . The end of the Cold War prompted scholars to rethink the paradigm of security independently from the state and the military . In Europe , the collapse of the Soviet Union led to the emergence of new states and sustained efforts to pursue the European Union ( EU ) integration . The new order called for a ( re ) conceptualisation of Europe and European security , which challenged classic understandings of security , as something that took place between states . The move towards an EU security was , thus , closely articulated around questions of EU identity , free movement of people and borders . The concept of societal security , developed by scholars associated with the Copenhagen Peace Research Institute , is situated within this context . Societal security relates to : `` the ability of a society to persist in its essential character under changing conditions and possible or actual threats . '' In ` Identity , Migration , and the New Security Agenda in Europe ' , Wæver notes the emergence of different conceptions of the nation-state , and further establishes a distinction between Western and Eastern Europe . In the West , a `` decoupling of state and nation '' takes place , as Member States , by seeking more integration , accept to relinquish some of their sovereignty . This move towards a `` post-sovereign '' nation-state is due to `` internationalisation and Europeanization '' processes , as international institutions assume increased influence over domestic affairs . Subsequently , communities , perceiving their identities to be threatened by this integration , can no longer call upon the state to protect them . A duality occurs between the security needs of the state and of society , where `` state security has sovereignty as its ultimate criterion , and societal security has identity '' . In the East , the emergence of new states , formed after the dismantlement of the Soviet Union , leads to more traditional attempts at merging the nation and the state ; thus , conflicts arise when the coupling can not be done ( i.e. Yugoslavia ) . In ` Security : a new framework for analysis ' , Buzan et al. formalise their broader understanding of security by introducing five sectors , each governed by `` distinctive characteristics and dynamics '' , and conceptualised around particular referent objects and actors ( i.e. military , environmental , economic , societal and political ) . Societal security is about the survival of a community as a cohesive unit ; its referent object is '' large scale collective identities that can function independent of the state . '' Societal insecurities arise when `` a society fears it would not be able to live as itself '' , and stem from : migration : the influx of people will `` overrun or dilute '' a group 's identity e.g. the need to define Britishness ; vertical competition : the integration of a group within a broader organisation e.g. euroscepticism with regards to EU integration , national-separatist claims ; and , horizontal competition : group is forced to integrate more influential identities within their own e.g. France 's cultural exception defending itself against American influences . Societal security is not tied to a territory , as is state security , e.g. Kurds , where security matters of state and society widely diverge and enter into conflict . Societal security in sociological viewpoint is : Regarding security as an `` independent phenomenon '' : So , societal security is n't threat , no opportunity . But it is a center and base , upon it the reliability and certainty of collective life could be gained . Rereading of security from `` social '' perspective : It means that security is based on collective life , the life of common people , instead of looking at differences and insisting on disagreement between groups and states that is key factor in determining threats and distinguish friend and foe . Viewing security as `` social phenomenon '' : Hence , societal security does n't need military weapons and soft power solutions . In other words , societal security does n't integrate with power and remain by converting links to social capitals . Finally , threats and opportunities could be considered as deterrent or impeller factors . So the final goal of societal security is comfort and understanding the beauty of collective life -- not an interest for government , not eliminating enemies , not confronting a threat for nation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8abce7d687725588feb69f4574525d56", "text": "International Association International Association may refer to : International Association ( baseball ) International Association for Cereal Science and Technology International Association for Computing and Philosophy International Association for Continuing Education and Training International Association for Cryptologic Research International Association for Cultural Freedom International Association for Energy Economics International Association for Food Protection International Association for Group Psychotherapy International Association for Human Values International Association for Identification International Association for New Science International Association for Plant Taxonomy International Association for Political Science Students International Association for Professional Base Ball Players International Association for Promotion of Christian Higher Education International Association for Technology Trade International Association for Veterinary Homeopathy International Association for the Advancement of Ethnology and Eugenics International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement International Association for the Protection of Industrial Property International Association for the Study of Pain International Association of Academies International Association of Administrative Professionals International Association of Amateur Heralds International Association of Analytical Psychologists International Association of Antarctic Tour Operators International Association of Arson Investigators International Association of Art Critics International Association of Astronomical Artists International Association of Athletics Federations International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts International Association of Bridge , Structural , Ornamental and Reinforcing Iron Workers International Association of Canine Professionals International Association of Chiefs of Police International Association of Classification Societies International Association of Consulting Actuaries International Association of Crime Analysts International Association of Dental Students International Association of Educators International Association of Emergency Managers International Association of Exorcists International Association of Fairs and Expositions International Association of Financial Engineers International Association of Fire Fighters International Association of Gay Square Dance Clubs International Association of Genocide Scholars International Association of Heat and Frost Insulators and Asbestos Workers International Association of Human Values International Association of Hydraulic Engineering and Research International Association of Islamic Banks International Association of Law Enforcement Intelligence Analysts International Association of Lighthouse Authorities International Association of Lions Clubs International Association of Machinists International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers International Association of Nitrox and Technical Divers International Association of Orofacial Myology International Association of Privacy Professionals International Association of Professional Numismatists International Association of Prosecutors International Association of Scientologists International Association of Software Architects International Association of Teachers of English as a Foreign Language International Association of Travel Agents Network International Association of Ultrarunners International Association of Universities", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5a4caa6badbd4e35208967401dc98c9f", "text": "National security National Security is a concept that a government , along with its parliaments , should protect the state and its citizens against all kind of `` national '' crises through a variety of power projections , such as political power , diplomacy , economic power , military might , and so on . The concept developed all in the United States after World War II . Initially focusing on military might , it now encompasses a broad range of facets , all of which impinge on the non-military or economic security of the nation and the values espoused by the national society . Accordingly , in order to possess national security , a nation needs to possess economic security , energy security , environmental security , etc. . Security threats involve not only conventional foes such as other nation-states but also non-state actors such as violent non-state actors , narcotic cartels , multinational corporations and non-governmental organisations ; some authorities include natural disasters and events causing severe environmental damage in this category . Measures taken to ensure national security include : using diplomacy to rally allies and isolate threats marshalling economic power to facilitate or compel cooperation maintaining effective armed forces implementing civil defense and emergency preparedness measures ( including anti-terrorism legislation ) ensuring the resilience and redundancy of critical infrastructure using intelligence services to detect and defeat or avoid threats and espionage , and to protect classified information using counterintelligence services or secret police to protect the nation from internal threats There is no single universally accepted definition of national security . The variety of definitions provide an overview of the many usages of this concept . The concept still remains ambiguous , having originated from simpler definitions which initially emphasised the freedom from military threat and political coercion to later increase in sophistication and include other forms of non-military security as suited the circumstances of the time . A typical dictionary definition , in this case from the Macmillan Dictionary ( online version ) , defines the term as `` the protection or the safety of a country 's secrets and its citizens '' emphasising the overall security of a nation and a nation state . Walter Lippmann , in 1943 , defined it in terms of war saying that `` a nation has security when it does not have to sacrifice its legitimate ínterests to avoid war , and is able , if challenged , to maintain them by war '' . A later definition by Harold Lasswell , a political scientist , in 1950 , looks at national security from almost the same aspect , that of external coercion : `` The distinctive meaning of national security means freedom from foreign dictation . '' In 1960 , Arnold Wolfers , while recognising the need to segregate the subjectivity of the conceptual idea from the objectivity , talks of threats to acquired values : `` An ambiguous symbol meaning different things to different people . National security objectively means the absence of threats to acquired values and subjectively , the absence of fear that such values will be attacked . '' The 1996 definition propagated by the National Defence College of India accretes the elements of national power : `` National security is an appropriate and aggressive blend of political resilience and maturity , human resources , economic structure and capacity , technological competence , industrial base and availability of natural resources and finally the military might . '' Harold Brown , U.S. Secretary of Defense from 1977 to 1981 in the Carter administration , enlarged the definition of national security by including elements such as economic and environmental security : National security then is the ability to preserve the nation 's physical integrity and territory ; to maintain its economic relations with the rest of the world on reasonable terms ; to preserve its nature , institution , and governance from disruption from outside ; and to control its borders.In 1990 , Harvard University history professor Charles Maier defined national security through the lens of national power : `` National security ... is best described as a capacity to control those domestic and foreign conditions that the public opinion of a given community believes necessary to enjoy its own self-determination or autonomy , prosperity and wellbeing . '' According to Prabhakaran Paleri , author of National Security , Imperatives and Challenges , national security may be defined as : The measurable state of the capability of a nation to overcome the multi-dimensional threats to the apparent well-being of its people and its survival as a nation-state at any given time , by balancing all instruments of state policy through governance , that can be indexed by computation , empirically or otherwise , and is extendable to global security by variables external to it . A concise working definition by Premaratne that paraphrases the aspects of the definitions of Brown , Romm and Paleri defines national security as Safeguarding the sovereignty , territorial integrity , citizenry and socioeconomic functionality of a nation from an aggressor intent on undermining a particular valued aspect of a nation through violent or unjust means", "title": "" }, { "docid": "655ddc6217cb8fd45ae049b5e4685f41", "text": "List of countries by Fragile States Index This is a list of countries by order of appearance in the Fragile States Index ( formerly the Failed States Index ) of the United States think-tank Fund for Peace . A fragile state has several attributes . Common indicators include a state whose central government is so weak or ineffective that it has little practical control over much of its territory ; non-provision of public services ; widespread corruption and criminality ; refugees and involuntary movement of populations ; and sharp economic decline . Since 2005 , the index has been published annually by the Fund for Peace and the magazine Foreign Policy . The list has been cited by journalists and academics in making broad comparative points about countries or regions . This is the list for 2016 , with comparisons of each country 's current score to previous years ' indices . The report uses 12 factors to determine the rating for each nation , including security threats , economic implosion , human rights violations and refugee flows .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9455b5cda5f107db3151daea31132cdb", "text": "List of works in critical theory This is a list of important and seminal works in the field of critical theory . Otto Maria Carpeaux História da Literatura Ocidental , 8 vol . ( Portuguese , 1959 -- 66 ) M. H. Abrams The Mirror and the Lamp : Romantic Theory and the Critical Tradition Theodor Adorno Aesthetic Theory Negative Dialectics Theodor Adorno & Max Horkheimer Dialectic of Enlightenment Louis Althusser For Marx Lenin and Philosophy Erich Auerbach Mimesis : The Representation of Reality in Western Literature Mikhail Bakhtin Discourse in the Novel Rabelais and his World Roland Barthes Image , Music , Text Mythologies Jean Baudrillard The Perfect Crime Simulation and Simulacra Walter Benjamin Illuminations The Origin of German Tragic Drama Homi K. Bhabha The Location of Culture Pierre Bourdieu La distinction Kenneth Burke A Rhetoric of Motives A Grammar of Motives John Brannigan New Historicism and Cultural Materialism Cleanth Brooks The Well Wrought Urn : Studies in the Structure of Poetry Sean Burke The Death and Return of the Author Judith Butler Bodies That Matter Gender Trouble : Feminism and the Subversion of Identity Cathy Caruth Unclaimed Experience : Trauma , Narrative and History Samuel Taylor Coleridge Biographia Literaria Jonathan Culler Structuralist Poetics The Pursuit of Signs Literary Theory : A Very Short Introduction Gilles Deleuze Difference and Repetition Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari Capitalism and Schizophrenia : Anti-Oedipus ( pt .1 ) and A Thousand Plateaus ( pt .2 ) Jacques Derrida Of Grammatology Writing and Difference Peter Dews The Limits of Disenchantment The Logic of Disintigration Terry Eagleton Marxism and Literary Criticism The Idea of Culture Antony Easthope The Unconscious William Empson Seven Types of Ambiguity Some Versions of Pastoral The Structure of Complex Words Norman Fairclough Language and Power Critical Discourse Analysis Frantz Fanon Black Skins , White Masks Stanley Fish Is There a Text in this Class ? Northrop Frye Anatomy of Criticism Gerald Graff Literature Against Itself Jürgen Habermas Legitimation Crisis The Theory of Communicative Action , volumes 1 & 2 The Philosophical Discourse of Modernity Wolfgang Iser The Act of Reading : a Theory of Aesthetic Response Leonard Jackson The Poverty of Structuralism Fredric Jameson The Political Unconscious Postmodernism , or , the Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism The Prison-House of Language Frank Kermode Romantic Image Julia Kristeva Desire in Language Powers of Horror Jacques Lacan Ecrits The Seminars F.R. Leavis The Great Tradition Ania Loomba Colonialism/Postcolonialism Herbert Marcuse Reason and Revolution . Hegel and the Rise of Social Theory Eros and Civilization Soviet Marxism . A Critical Analysis One-Dimensional Man Toril Moi Sexual/Textual Politics I.A. Richards Practical Criticism : A Study of Literary Judgement Principles of Literary Criticism K.K. Ruthven Critical Assumptions Edward Said Culture and Imperialism Orientalism ( 1978 ) Jean-Paul Sartre What Is Literature ? ( 1947 ) Ferdinand de Saussure Cours de linguistique générale ( posthumously 1916 ) Alfred Schmidt The Concept of Nature in Marx ( 1962 ) Zur Idee der Kritischen Theorie ( German , 1974 ) Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick Between Men Epistemology of the Closet Susan Sontag Against Interpretation Styles of Radical Will Under the Sign of Saturn Where The Stress Falls Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak `` Can the Subaltern Speak ? '' In Other Words Raymond Tallis Not Saussure Scott Wilson Cultural Materialism W.K. Wimsatt The Verbal Icon Virginia Woolf A Room of One 's Own Slavoj Žižek The Sublime Object of Ideology The Ticklish Subject : The Absent Centre of Political Ontology ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7b270354baf115ab7f8ca9dc8b2279d4", "text": "International Studies Association The International Studies Association ( ISA ) is a professional association for scholars , practitioners and graduate students in the field of international studies . Founded in 1959 , ISA now has over 7,000 members in 110 countries and is the most respected and widely known scholarly association in this field . Endeavoring to create communities of scholars dedicated to international studies , ISA is divided into 6 geographic subdivisions ( Regions ) , 29 thematic groups ( Sections ) and 4 Caucuses which provide opportunities to exchange ideas and research with local colleagues and within specific subject areas . ISA publishes leading journals in the field of international studies and the annual convention routinely draws over 6,500 attendees . ISA publishes six academic journals ( International Studies Quarterly , International Studies Review , International Studies Perspectives , Foreign Policy Analysis , International Political Sociology , Journal of Global Security Studies , co-sponsors a seventh ( International Interactions ) , publishes a comprehensive compendium of international studies and maintains a variety of online resources for the international academic community . It is a US association with headquarters in Storrs , Connecticut .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5f3e9c4ab77798917fd80a5373e65cf4", "text": "Anarchy Is What States Make of It Anarchy is What States Make of It ( full title : Anarchy is what states make of it : the social construction of power politics ) is a journal article by Alexander Wendt published in International Organization in 1992 that outlines a constructivist approach to international relations theory . He argues that anarchy is not inherent in the international system in the way in which other schools of international relations theory envision it , but rather it is a construct of the nation-states in the system . At the core of constructivist thought is the idea that many core aspects of international relations are socially constructed ( they are given their form by ongoing processes of social practice and interaction ) , rather than inherent , contrary to the assumptions of neorealism and neoliberalism . According to Wendt , the two basic tenets of constructivism are : The structures of human association are determined primarily by shared ideas rather than material forces The identities and interests of purposive actors are constructed by these shared ideas rather than given by nature The constructivist sentiment is summed up in the following extract from the article : `` I argue that self-help and power politics do not follow either logically or causally from anarchy and that if today we find ourselves in a self-help world , this is due to process , not structure . There is no ` logic ' of anarchy apart from the practices that create and instantiate one structure of identities and interests rather than another ; structure has no existence or causal powers apart from process . Self-help and power politics are institutions , not essential features , of anarchy . Anarchy is what states make of it '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c9a5a77b57a089e9222d989ec009e726", "text": "Philosophy and economics Philosophy and economics , also philosophy of economics , studies topics such as rational choice , the appraisal of economic outcomes , institutions and processes , and the ontology of economic phenomena and the possibilities of acquiring knowledge of them . Although these inquiries overlap in many ways , it is useful to divide philosophy of economics in this way into three subject matters which can be regarded respectively as branches of action theory , ethics ( or normative social and political philosophy ) , and philosophy of science . Economic theories of rationality , welfare , and social choice defend substantive philosophical theses often informed by relevant philosophical literature and of evident interest to those interested in action theory , philosophical psychology , and social and political philosophy . Economics is of particular interest to those interested in epistemology and philosophy of science both because of its detailed peculiarities and because it possesses many of the overt features of the natural sciences , while its object consists of social phenomena .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8afb5bba72ab38116ff38af23e50ea0c", "text": "Political sociology Contemporary political sociology involves , but is not limited to , the study of the relations between state , society , and citizens . Where a typical research question in political sociology might have been `` Why do so few American or European citizens choose to vote ? '' or even `` What difference does it make if women get elected ? '' , political sociologists also now ask : `` How is the body a site of power ? '' , `` How are emotions relevant to global poverty ? '' , or `` What difference does knowledge make to democracy ? ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "da1667b3653395b3623332156d06d8a3", "text": "New international division of labour In economics , the new international division of labor ( NIDL ) is an outcome of globalization . The term was coined by theorists seeking to explain the spatial shift of manufacturing industries from advanced capitalist countries to developing countries -- an ongoing geographic reorganization of production , which finds its origins in ideas about a global division of labor . It is a spatial division of labor which occurs when the process of production is no longer confined to national economies . Under the `` old '' international division of labor , until around 1970 , underdeveloped areas were incorporated into the world economy principally as suppliers of minerals and agricultural commodities . However , as developing economies are merged into the world economy , more production takes place in these economies . This has led to a trend of transference , or what is also known as the `` global industrial shift '' , in which production processes are relocated from developed countries ( such as the US , European countries , and Japan ) to developing countries in Asia ( such as China , Vietnam , and India ) and Latin America . This is because companies search for the cheapest locations to manufacture and assemble components , so low-cost labor-intensive parts of the manufacturing process are shifted to the developing world where costs are substantially lower . Companies do so by taking advantage of transportation and communications technology , as well as fragmentation and locational flexibility of production . From 1953 to the late 1990s , the industrialized economies ' share of world manufacturing output declined from 95 % to 77 % , and the developing economies ' share more than quadrupled from 5 % to 23 % . The resultant division of labor across continents closely follows the North -- South socio-economic and political divide , wherein the North -- with one quarter of the world population -- controls four fifths of the world income , while the South -- with three quarters of the world population -- has access to one fifth of the world income .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "40589c42e3154b2702969f1bb504a3b4", "text": "Mexican Universities Comparative Study International rankings have impacted higher education policy as well as colleges and universities all over the world ( see College and university rankings ) . In most cases these rankings or hierarchical classifications of higher education institutions are not very sensitive to different historical developments and university traditions ; distinct roles played by colleges and universities in different countries ; or particular economic , cultural , social and political conditions , at the local , national or regional levels , that shape higher education institutions and systems in alternative ways .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0b44f11a7a03af0c4f1796e6699f52b4", "text": "Organizational studies Organizational studies is `` the examination of how individuals construct organizational structures , processes , and practices and how these , in turn , shape social relations and create institutions that ultimately influence people '' , organizational studies comprise different areas that deal with the different aspects of the organizations , many of the approaches are functionalist but critical research also provide alternative frame for understanding in the field .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c29fb4b8f19ec80970730af53f2a4206", "text": "Ecological humanities The ecological humanities ( also environmental humanities ) is an interdisciplinary area of research , drawing on the many environmental sub-disciplines that have emerged in the humanities over the past several decades ( in particular environmental literature , environmental philosophy , environmental history and environmental anthropology ) . The ecological humanities aim to help bridge traditional divides between the sciences and the humanities , and between Western , Eastern and Indigenous ways of knowing the natural world and the place of humans in it ( Rose 2004 ) . The ecological humanities are characterised by a connectivity ontology and a commitment to two fundamental axioms relating to the need to submit to ecological laws and to see humanity as part of a larger living system .", "title": "" } ]	fever
6243f066ec06d853470553559afafad2	Emmy Rossum acts.	[ { "docid": "c34e98133a81e540b7c9ebbf3882ac3c", "text": "Emmy Rossum Emmanuelle Grey `` Emmy '' Rossum ( born September 12 , 1986 ) is an American actress , director and singer-songwriter . She is known for her portrayal of Fiona Gallagher in the television series Shameless . Rossum has starred in movies including Songcatcher ( 2000 ) , An American Rhapsody , ( 2001 ) and Passionada ( 2002 ) . Her role in Mystic River ( 2003 ) garnered her wider recognition . She starred in the science-fiction film The Day After Tomorrow ( 2004 ) and received critical acclaim for her performance in the leading role of Christine Daaé in The Phantom of the Opera ( 2004 ) . She has since starred in Poseidon ( 2006 ) , Dragonball : Evolution ( 2009 ) , Dare ( 2009 ) , Beautiful Creatures ( 2013 ) , Before I Disappear ( 2014 ) , You 're Not You ( 2014 ) and Comet ( 2014 ) . In 2007 , Rossum released her debut album , Inside Out . She also released a Christmas EP the same year , titled Carol of the Bells . In 2013 , she released a follow up album called Sentimental Journey .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "394b3c6dff2388d7e848744924d5ff67", "text": "Mystic River (film) Mystic River is a 2003 American mystery drama film directed and scored by Clint Eastwood . It stars Sean Penn , Tim Robbins , Kevin Bacon , Laurence Fishburne , Marcia Gay Harden , and Laura Linney . The screenplay by Brian Helgeland was based on the novel of the same name by Dennis Lehane . The film was produced by Robert Lorenz , Judie G. Hoyt and Eastwood . It is the first film on which Eastwood was credited as composer of the score . The film opened to widespread critical acclaim . It was nominated for Academy Awards for Best Picture , Best Director , Best Actor , Best Adapted Screenplay , Best Supporting Actress , and Best Supporting Actor . Sean Penn won Best Actor and Tim Robbins won Best Supporting Actor , making Mystic River the first film to win both awards since Ben-Hur in 1959 .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "271c709197a46500c92b5ef46ff240ec", "text": "Saturn Award for Best Actor on Television The following is a list of Saturn Award winners for Best Actor on Television ( formerly Best Genre TV Actor ) . The award is presented annually by the Academy of Science Fiction , Fantasy and Horror Films , honoring the work of actresses in science fiction , fantasy , and horror fiction on television . ( NOTE : Year refers to year of eligibility , the actual ceremonies are held the following year . ) The winners are listed in bold .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "72c669b845dc45282329b6c31af3af07", "text": "New York Emmy Awards The New York Emmy Awards are a division of the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences honoring those in television and advanced media in the tri-state New York-New Jersey-Connecticut and New York State . The division was founded in 1955 and in addition to granting the New York Emmy Awards , the chapter also recognizes awards scholarships , honors industry veterans at the Silver Circle Celebration , has a free research and a nationwide job bank . The chapter also participates in judging Emmy entries at the regional and national levels .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eba0886583f27c9878f64dd7c3112252", "text": "44th Primetime Emmy Awards The 44th Primetime Emmy Awards were held on Sunday , August 30 , 1992 . The ceremony was broadcast on Fox from the Pasadena Civic Auditorium in Pasadena , California . It was hosted by Tim Allen , Kirstie Alley and Dennis Miller , and directed by Walter C. Miller . Presenters included Roseanne Barr , Tom Arnold , Scott Bakula , Candice Bergen , Corbin Bernsen , Beau Bridges , Lloyd Bridges , and Cindy Crawford . The program was written by Buddy Sheffield and Bruce Vilanch . Over 300 million people watched the ceremony in 30 countries . A rule change , instituted for this year only , stated that regular and guest performers would compete in the same category . There could be lead guest or supporting guest . On the comedy side , Murphy Brown won Outstanding Comedy Series for the second time , winning three major awards on the night , the most for a comedy series . On the drama side , L.A. Laws strangle hold on Outstanding Drama Series came to an end , as Northern Exposure took home the award . Northern Exposure also won three major awards and received nine major nominations , which tied for the most in each category . For the first time in its run , The Golden Girls , then in its seventh and final season , was not nominated for Outstanding Comedy Series . After being on the air for thirty years , The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson finally heard its name called when its final season won for Outstanding Variety , Music , or Comedy Program . The show was first nominated for the category in 1964 and was 0/13 before this ceremony .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "11b8d313ce2113de2f149e15d479b119", "text": "2017 MTV Movie & TV Awards The 2017 MTV Movie & TV Awards was held on May 7 , 2017 , from the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles , California , U.S. . It was the 26th edition of the awards , and for the first time it presented honors for work in television as well as cinema ; it was also the first time men and women competed jointly in the acting categories . The awards ceremony was hosted by Adam DeVine and broadcast on numerous Viacom channels , MTV.com , and the MTV app on mobile devices . The ceremony was preceded by the `` Movie & Television Festival '' . It was a day-long event that was held outside the Shrine Auditorium and feature live performances by Bea Miller , All Time Low , and Zara Larsson ; plus red carpet appearances by celebrities . Issa Rae served as the announcer for the event .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e1c05f439acb2178c22c25eb52809e9c", "text": "Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Costumes for a Variety, Nonfiction, or Reality Programming The Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Costumes for a Variety , Nonfiction , or Reality Programming is presented as part of the Primetime Emmy Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9c9e56c03c861e2cafbf17636389a426", "text": "Def Comedy Jam Def Comedy Jam is an HBO television series produced by Russell Simmons . The series had its original run from July 1 , 1992 to January 1 , 1997 . The show returned on HBO 's fall lineup in 2006 . Def Comedy Jam helped to launch the careers of several African-American stand-up comedians .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c0631883b751e27c02c933b9472069ed", "text": "Breakthrough Performance Award The Breakthrough Performance Award is presented by the Academy of Science Fiction , Fantasy and Horror Films , in conjunction with their annual Saturn Award ceremony .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e5c8f607317733db1ae881aa30e8ac2a", "text": "Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Music Direction The Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Music Direction is awarded to one television series or special each year . In the following list , the first titles listed in gold are the winners ; those not in gold are nominees , which are listed in alphabetical order . The years given are those in which the ceremonies took place . __ TOC __", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5a811888a7c431f8479828e48a86816f", "text": "Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Single-Camera Picture Editing for a Comedy Series This is a list of winners and nominees of the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Single-Camera Picture Editing for a Comedy Series . This award and Outstanding Single-Camera Picture Editing for a Drama Series replaced Outstanding Single-Camera Picture Editing for a Series in 2003 . As of 2015 , no show has won this award more than once except for The Office , which has won twice ( 2007 and 2013 ) . In the following list , the first titles listed in gold and bold are the winners ; those not in gold are nominees , which are listed in alphabetical order . The years given are those in which the ceremonies took place : __ TOC __", "title": "" }, { "docid": "91795d5ade61606e29970492235c8d4a", "text": "David McCallum David Keith McCallum , Jr. ( born 19 September 1933 ) is a Scottish-born American actor and musician . He first gained recognition in the 1960s for playing Russian spy Illya Kuryakin in the television series The Man from U.N.C.L.E. and as interdimensional operative Steel in Sapphire & Steel . In recent years , McCallum has gained renewed international recognition and popularity for his role as NCIS medical examiner Dr. Donald `` Ducky '' Mallard in the American television series NCIS .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "93801e5087f68b41c2c771643a155e17", "text": "Tracey Ullman: A Class Act Tracey Ullman : A Class Act is a sketch-comedy special starring actress-comedian Tracey Ullman , along with Michael Palin playing a variety of original characters . It originally aired on ITV ; subsequently HBO in the United States on 23 November 1993 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "14fdb2b2ff9374372c5b351ee1f2fb5d", "text": "Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series This is a list of winners and nominees of the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series . In early Primetime Emmy Award ceremonies , the supporting categories were not always genre , or even gender , specific . Beginning with the 22nd Primetime Emmy Awards , supporting actors in comedy have competed alone . However , these comedic performances often included actors from miniseries , telefilms , and guest performers competing against main cast competitors . Such instances are marked below : # -- Indicates a performance in a Miniseries or Television film , prior to the category 's creation . § -- Indicates a performance as a guest performer , prior to the category 's creation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "812513f9570ffa2bc42002c3196aef03", "text": "Whole World Theatre The Whole World Theatre is an improvisational theatre located in Atlanta , Georgia . Whole World Theatre ( WWT ) is a non-profit theatre company that began in Atlanta , Georgia in late 1993 , when David Webster began teaching a group of student actors whom he would train to become the hottest improv company in town . Jennifer Horne and David Webster were co-founding members . The original students of Whole World Theatre performed their first show in front of 25 people in September 1994 . Specializing in experiential improv and unconventional scripted works , and using a unique approach to improv , which put more emphasis on acting , character and atmosphere than on cheap laughs , Webster wrote and directed original ground breaking pieces such as , Blood Bath Bingo and Pimps , Queens , and Dope Fiends . Webster also produced scripted works included , Balm in Gillead , Bitches , Women Behind Bars , Four Dogs and a Bone and The House of Yes , among many others . In June 1995 , Jennifer Horne and David Webster spent their honeymoon money to open Whole World Theatre at their current location at 1214 Spring Street in mid-town Atlanta . As their popularity grew , the cast of Whole World Theatre were given the opportunity to produce their live improv comedy show for television when Webster sold the show to television . `` Whole World Comedy '' - Whole World 's premier TV show - helped to launch the southern based Turner South Network . David Webster taught every actor at Whole World Theater until 2001 . He wrote , directed and emceed every show for over 1000 shows . He won several awards including an Emmy award for writing . In 2003 Managing Director , Emily Reily Russell , created a youth summer camp program and an improvisational acting program for teens and young adults at Whole World Theatre that still exists to this day . Many of the graduates of this program have entered the `` Performance Ready Group '' that hosts a more family oriented show the first Saturday of every month November through May . The Performance Ready Group is directed and mentored by Assistant Artistic Director , Eric Goins . Russell , in conjunction with Callanwolde Fine Arts Center and The Starlight Starbright Foundation has also created `` Improv in Dialysis . '' Providing monthly improvisational acting workshops to patients and their families at Egleston Children 's Hospital in Atlanta . Lance Krall , one of Webster 's original students , eventually moved to Hollywood and went on to produce his own television show , The Lance Krall Show , which aired Spike TV , and Free Radio , which aired on Vh1 . Lance has hired several alumni from Whole World Theatre to guest star in his projects . In 2004 , Webster moved on to write and direct independent movies and Jennifer Horne moved on to begin her own improv troupe in Charlottesville , Va. . That same year , a complete change in management occurred at Whole World Theatre . In 2004 , Chip Powell became Artistic Director of Whole World Theatre . The Company continues to perform improv shows and remains one of Atlanta 's most successful theater companies . Under Powell 's leadership the company has produced Improv in the Park : an annual free improv show in Atlanta 's Piedmont Park and Central Park at Atlantic Station . Improv in the Park was voted `` Best Outdoor Event '' by Creative Loafing . Powell also went on to launch Whole World 's 3rd Space Theatre by Producing and Directing scripted works such as Sordid Lives and Southern Baptist Sissies by Del Shores . In 2005 , the theatre started a television show for a network called MAV TV and is currently broadcast in over 200,000 homes across the U.S. . The show features Whole World 's Improv Comedy and is geared towards a more mature audience . Official Website Category : Theatres in Atlanta", "title": "" }, { "docid": "64209cd12f93d721eb7414a20a784073", "text": "60th Golden Globe Awards 60thGolden Globe Awards January 19 , 2003 Picture -- Drama : The Hours Picture -- Comedy or Musical : Chicago TV Series -- Drama : The Shield TV Series -- Musical or Comedy : Curb Your Enthusiasm The 60th Golden Globe Awards , honoring the best in film and television for 2002 , were held on January 19 , 2003 in the Beverly Hilton Hotel , Beverly Hills , California .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a918dbc0b1bba0659917627f70b0f11a", "text": "Virtue (Emmy the Great album) Virtue is the second album by London singer-songwriter Emma-Lee Moss -- better known by her stage name Emmy the Great -- and was released on 13 June 2011 . It has been described as `` meticulous and atmospheric '' and has been praised for its poetic writing style .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b1dd94791ef7f94eed19cbc144551ebc", "text": "Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series The Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series is an award presented annually by the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences ( NATAS ) and Academy of Television Arts & Sciences ( ATAS ) . It is given to honor an actress who has delivered an outstanding performance in a leading role while working within the daytime drama industry . The 1st Daytime Emmy Awards ceremony was held in 1974 with Elizabeth Hubbard receiving the award for her role as Althea Davis on The Doctors . The award has undergone several name changes , originally honoring actresses in leading and supporting roles . Following the introduction of a new category in 1979 , Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series , the award 's name was altered to Outstanding Actress in a Daytime Drama Series before changing once again , to its current title , years later . The awards ceremony was not aired on television in 1983 and 1984 , having been criticized for voting integrity . In 1985 , another category was introduced , Outstanding Younger Actress in a Drama Series , one criterion for this category was altered , requiring all actresses to be aged 26 or above . Since its inception , the award has been given to 27 actresses . One Life to Live is the show with the most awarded actresses , with a total of eleven . In 1995 , Erika Slezak became the actress with the most wins in the category when she won a fourth time , surpassing Helen Gallagher 's previous record of three ; Slezak went on to win in two additional years , ultimately receiving six wins . Susan Flannery and Kim Zimmer have since received four wins each . Susan Lucci has been nominated on 21 occasions , more than any other actress . As of the 2017 ceremony , Gina Tognoni is the most recent winner in this category for her portrayal of Phyllis Summers on The Young and the Restless .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ecffbfe85ce40cf62628faa311068126", "text": "Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Short Form Variety Series This is a list of winners and nominees of the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Short Form Variety Series . The category was initiated in 2016 alongside Outstanding Short Form Comedy or Drama Series and Outstanding Short Form Nonfiction or Reality Series . The awards replaced the now-retired category for Outstanding Short-Format Live-Action Entertainment Program . These awards are not presented at the Primetime Emmy Awards show , but at the Creative Arts Emmy Award show .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d11152d122e2bfab5756249659d19f87", "text": "Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Picture Editing for a Nonfiction Program The Primetime Emmy Award for Picture Editing for a Nonfiction Program is awarded to one television documentary or nonfiction series each year . Prior to 2006 , nonfiction and reality programs competed together until the Outstanding Picture Editing for Reality Programming category was created . In the following list , the first titles listed in gold are the winners ; those not in gold are nominees , which are listed in alphabetical order . The years given are those in which the ceremonies took place . __ TOC __", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7ea19b0f671b7ba31e1b520d34857686", "text": "8th International Emmy Awards The 8th International Emmy Awards took place on November 25 , 1980 , in New York City , United States . Actor Peter Ustinov hosted the ceremony attended by more than 750 foreign dignitaries and members of the International Council of the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences . The Emmys were presented by veteran television newscaster and anchorman Harry Reasoner , actress Irene Papas , the Canadian comedy team of Wayne and Shuster and actor Werner Klemperer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "728512718a216fbef71cfdbd35470847", "text": "30th Primetime Emmy Awards The 30th Primetime Emmy Awards were held on September 17 , 1978 . The ceremony was broadcast on CBS , from the Pasadena Civic Auditorium , Pasadena , California . The top shows of the night were All in the Family which won its then record fourth Emmy for Outstanding Comedy Series , and The Rockford Files . CBS continued its streak of dominance by winning its eighth straight Emmy for Outstanding Comedy Series , this record still stands . Actor Will Geer received three posthumous acting nominations for three different performances , but lost in each category . For the first time in Emmy history , two shows won six major awards , All in the Family became the first show to win six major awards twice , and the miniseries Holocaust tied the record for most wins by a miniseries set the previous year by Roots . This ceremony was interrupted for thirty minutes by a nationally televised address by then-President Jimmy Carter , joined by then-Israeli prime minister Menachem Begin and then-Egyptian president Anwar Sadat in which President Carter announced the signing of the Camp David Accords . Rita Moreno 's win made her the third person to become an EGOT .", "title": "" } ]	fever
75a6072212d33e8eb1401d5f1f0fe37e	Joe Biden chaired the Judiciary Committee.	[ { "docid": "8e9d1b335976e71bd52386032e286523", "text": "Joe Biden Joseph Robinette Biden Jr. ( -LSB- ˈdʒoʊsᵻf_rɒbᵻˈnɛt_ˈbaɪdən -RSB- born November 20 , 1942 ) is an American politician who was the 47th Vice President of the United States from 2009 to 2017 , having been jointly elected twice with President Barack Obama . A member of the Democratic Party , he represented Delaware as a United States Senator from 1973 until becoming Vice President in 2009 . Biden was born in Scranton , Pennsylvania , in 1942 , and lived there for ten years before moving to Delaware . He became an attorney in 1969 , and was elected to the New Castle County council in 1970 . He was first elected to the Senate in 1972 , and became the sixth-youngest senator in U.S. history . He was re-elected to the Senate six times , and was the fourth most senior senator at the time of his resignation to assume the Vice Presidency in 2009 . He was a long-time member and former chairman of the Foreign Relations Committee . He opposed the Gulf War in 1991 , but advocated U.S. and NATO intervention in the Bosnian War in 1994 and 1995 . He voted in favor of the resolution authorizing the Iraq War in 2002 , but opposed the surge of U.S. troops in 2007 . He has also served as chairman of the Senate Judiciary Committee , dealing with issues related to drug policy , crime prevention , and civil liberties , and led the legislative efforts for creation of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act , and the Violence Against Women Act . He chaired the Judiciary Committee during the contentious U.S. Supreme Court nominations of Robert Bork and Clarence Thomas . Biden unsuccessfully sought the Democratic presidential nomination in 1988 and in 2008 , both times dropping out after lackluster showings . In the 2008 U.S. presidential election , Barack Obama chose Biden to be his running mate in the race , which they won . He became the first Roman Catholic , and the first Delawarean , to be Vice President of the United States . As Vice President in the Obama administration , Biden oversaw the infrastructure spending aimed at counteracting the Great Recession , and U.S. policy toward Iraq up until the withdrawal of U.S. troops in 2011 . His ability to negotiate with congressional Republicans helped bring about legislation such as the Tax Relief , Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization , and Job Creation Act of 2010 that resolved a taxation deadlock , the Budget Control Act of 2011 that resolved that year 's debt ceiling crisis , and the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 that addressed the impending `` fiscal cliff '' . In 2011 , he opposed going ahead with the military mission that resulted in the death of Osama bin Laden . Obama and Biden were re-elected in 2012 . In October 2015 , after months of speculation , Biden chose not to run for President of the United States in 2016 . In December 2016 , he refused to rule out a potential bid for President in 2020 , but announced on January 13 , 2017 , that he would not run , only to seemingly backtrack just four days later , again refusing to rule out a potential bid . On January 12 , 2017 , Obama awarded him the Presidential Medal of Freedom , with distinction . After leaving office , Biden was named the Benjamin Franklin Presidential Practice professor at the University of Pennsylvania .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "0bb691fdf3a533c83287f6f6ca95f733", "text": "Center for Court Innovation The Center for Court Innovation is an American non-profit organization headquartered in New York which helps the justice system aid victims , reduce crime and improve public trust in justice . The Center for Court Innovation works closely with the New York State Unified Court System , functioning as the judiciary 's independent research and development arm . In that role , the Center creates demonstration projects that test new ideas . The Center 's projects include the Midtown Community Court and Red Hook Community Justice Center as well as drug courts , reentry courts , domestic violence courts , mental health courts and others . The Center also works closely with jurisdictions around the U.S. and the rest of the world , disseminating lessons learned from innovative programs and providing hands-on assistance to criminal justice practitioners interested in deploying new research-based strategies to improve the delivery of justice . The Center , which received an Innovations in American Government Award from the Ford Foundation and Harvard University , was founded in 1996 . The Center 's first director was John Feinblatt , who went on to serve as a senior advisor to New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg . Since 2002 , the Center has been led by Greg Berman .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3d802271a2e505fce2f9c4e3ab495101", "text": "United States Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Privacy, Technology and the Law The Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Privacy , Technology and the Law is one of seven subcommittees within the Senate Judiciary Committee . It was created at the start of the 112th Congress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4c89d9319823f76cb27795b7db7b678e", "text": "Elizabeth Holtzman Elizabeth Holtzman ( born August 11 , 1941 ) is an American politician and former member of the United States House of Representatives . She was the first woman to hold office as the New York City Comptroller , and the District Attorney of Kings County , New York . A Democrat , she represented New York 's 16th congressional district for four terms . In 1974 , Holtzman was a member of the House Judiciary Committee , which recommended three articles of impeachment against Richard Nixon during the Watergate scandal . After Nixon resigned as president and was given a presidential pardon by his successor , Gerald Ford , the judiciary committee held hearings on the pardon , in which Holtzman asked Ford whether his action had been a quid pro quo . Ford cut her off , declaring , `` There was no deal , period , under no circumstances . '' Following the Watergate scandal , Holtzman authored a bill that allowed for an independent counsel to be appointed by a Washington , D.C. , appeals court if requested by the attorney general . The law , passed in 1978 , had a five-year sunset provision and expired in 1999 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7f57583a1204ffb9fb260591f3f75485", "text": "Hillary Clinton email controversy In March 2015 , it became publicly known that Hillary Clinton , during her tenure as United States Secretary of State , had used her family 's private email server for official communications , rather than official State Department email accounts maintained on federal servers . Those official communications included thousands of emails that would retroactively be marked classified by the State Department . The controversy unfolded against the backdrop of Clinton 's 2016 presidential election campaign and hearings held by the United States House Select Committee on Benghazi . Some experts , officials , and members of Congress have contended that her use of private messaging system software and a private server violated State Department protocols and procedures , as well as federal laws and regulations governing recordkeeping . In response , Clinton has said that her use of personal email was in compliance with federal laws and State Department regulations , and that former secretaries of state had also maintained personal email accounts , though not their own private email servers . After allegations were raised that some of the emails in question contained classified information , the Federal Bureau of Investigation ( FBI ) initiated an investigation regarding the origin and handling of classified emails on Clinton 's server . The FBI Report found that some of the emails originated in five other intelligence agencies . The FBI found that all classified emails on Clinton 's server were stored and sent from `` unclassified systems '' , violating the same policies as those on Clinton 's personal server . FBI Director James Comey identified 110 emails as containing information that was classified at the time it was sent , including 65 emails deemed `` Secret '' and 22 deemed `` Top Secret '' . None of these had classification markings . However , as noted in Clinton 's non-disclosure agreement , unmarked classified information should be treated the same as marked classified information . An additional three email chains contained `` portion markings '' , simply a '' ( C ) '' indicating `` Confidential '' in front of one or more paragraphs . These were not included in Comey 's list of 110 because the State Department failed to confirm they were classified at the time they were sent . Clinton told the FBI she did not know the meaning of '' ( C ) '' . Nearly 2,100 emails on the server were retroactively marked as classified by the State Department . In May 2016 , the State Department 's Office of the Inspector General released an 83-page report about the State Department 's email practices , including Clinton 's . On July 5 , 2016 , Comey announced that the FBI 's investigation had concluded that Clinton was `` extremely careless '' in handling her email system but recommended that no charges be filed against her . On July 6 , 2016 , Attorney General Loretta Lynch announced that no charges would be filed . On July 7 , the State Department reopened its probe into the email controversy . On October 28 , 2016 , Comey notified Congress that the FBI had started looking into newly discovered emails that may be pertinent to the case . Law enforcement officials stated the emails were found on a laptop belonging to Clinton aide Huma Abedin 's husband , Anthony Weiner , during an investigation of his sexting scandals . On November 6 , Comey notified Congress that the FBI had not changed its conclusion , reached in July , regarding Clinton 's emails .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f3410eb305efc711d047de6df9741772", "text": "John Breckinridge (U.S. Attorney General) John Breckinridge ( December 2 , 1760 -- December 14 , 1806 ) was a lawyer and politician from the U.S. state of Virginia . He served in the state legislatures of Virginia and Kentucky before being elected to the U.S. Senate and appointed United States Attorney General during the second term of President Thomas Jefferson . He is the progenitor of Kentucky 's Breckinridge political family and the namesake of Breckinridge County , Kentucky . Breckinridge 's father was a local politician , and his mother was a member of the Preston political family . Breckinridge attended the William and Mary College intermittently between 1780 and 1784 ; his attendance was interrupted by the Revolutionary War and his election to the Virginia House of Delegates . One of the youngest members of that body , his political activities acquainted him with many prominent politicians . In 1785 , he married `` Polly '' Cabell , a member of the Cabell political family . Despite making a comfortable living through a combination of legal and agricultural endeavors , letters from relatives in Kentucky convinced him to move to the western frontier . He established `` Cabell 's Dale '' , his plantation , near Lexington , Kentucky , in 1793 . Breckinridge was appointed as the state 's attorney general soon after arriving . In November 1797 , he resigned and was elected to the Kentucky House of Representatives the next month . As a legislator , he secured passage of a more humane criminal code that abolished the death penalty for all offenses except first-degree murder . On a 1798 trip to Virginia , an intermediary gave him Thomas Jefferson 's Kentucky Resolutions , which denounced the Alien and Sedition Acts . At Jefferson 's request , Breckinridge assumed credit for the modified resolutions he shepherded through the Kentucky General Assembly ; Jefferson 's authorship was not discovered until after Breckinridge 's death . He opposed calling a state constitutional convention in 1799 but was elected as a delegate . Due to his influence , the state 's government remained comparatively aristocratic , maintaining protections for slavery and limiting the power of the electorate . Called the father of the resultant constitution , he emerged from the convention as the acknowledged leader of the state 's Democratic-Republican Party and was selected Speaker of the Kentucky House of Representatives in 1799 and 1800 . Elected to the U.S. Senate in 1800 , Breckinridge functioned as Jefferson 's floor leader , guiding administration bills through the chamber that was narrowly controlled by his party . Residents of the western frontier called for his nomination as vice president in 1804 , but Jefferson appointed him as U.S. Attorney General in 1805 instead . He was the first cabinet-level official from the West but had little impact before his death from tuberculosis on December 14 , 1806 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a4d277425fc13f6927c44d9a850eaa96", "text": "Joseph Foster Joseph A. Foster ( born June 10 , 1959 ) is the former Attorney General of the State of New Hampshire . He was formerly a Democratic member of the New Hampshire Senate , representing the 13th District from 2002 until 2008 and served as the State Senate Majority Leader in 2007 and 2008 . Previously he was a member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives from 1994 through 1998 . On April 17 , 2013 he was confirmed to the office of Attorney General . He took office on May 15 , 2013 , succeeding Michael A. Delaney who decided not to seek reappointment by Governor Maggie Hassan at the end of his term , and instead took Foster 's old position at his law firm . Foster is considered a potential future Congressional candidate .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "20d27cf6baf5e2136c54dac7c61ca44f", "text": "William J. Jefferson William Jennings `` Bill '' Jefferson ( born March 14 , 1947 ) is an American former politician and convicted felon from the U.S. state of Louisiana . He served as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives for nine terms from 1991 to 2009 as a member of the Democratic Party . He represented , which includes much of the greater New Orleans area . He was Louisiana 's first black congressman since the end of Reconstruction . On November 13 , 2009 , Jefferson was sentenced to thirteen years in federal prison for bribery after a corruption investigation , the longest sentence ever handed down to a congressman for bribery or any other crime . He began serving that sentence in May 2012 at a Federal Bureau of Prisons facility in Beaumont , Texas .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0a2b3138e820d1d2b8193f459c368b16", "text": "Periodic Review Board The Periodic Review Boards administrate a US `` administrative procedure '' for recommending whether certain individuals held in the Guantanamo Bay detention camps , in Cuba are safe to release or transfer , or whether they should continue to be held without charge . The boards are authorized by and overseen by the Periodic Review Secretariat , which President Barack Obama set up with Executive Order 13567 on March 7 , 2011 . Senior Civil Service officials from six agencies sit on the Board : the United States Department of Defense , Homeland Security , Justice and State , and the offices of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the Director of National Intelligence . Each member has a veto over any recommendation . Although Obama authorized the Secretariat to conduct periodic reviews in early 2011 , the first review was not conducted until late 2013 . On July 21 , 2013 , Carol Rosenberg , writing in the Miami Herald , reported that the announcement that the Boards would finally be convened followed a `` flurry of emails '' to the captives attorneys -- after years of delay . Rosenberg noted that the announcement from Norton C. Joerg , a former officer and senior lawyer with the United States Navy , came at the height of the most widespread Guantanamo hunger strike . Individuals who have faced charges , become eligible to have their status reviewed by a Periodic Review Board , if the charges they faced are dropped . In 2013 , 24 new individuals who the Guantanamo Review Task Force had recommended should face charges , had those charges dropped , and became eligible for review , when appeals courts had overturned convictions for `` providing material support for terrorism '' . During the second review , on January 28 , 2014 , that of Abdel Malik al Rahabi , nine reporters and four human rights workers were allowed to observe a video-link to the 19 minute unclassified portion of the hearing . 69 other individuals can expect to have their status reviewed . Almost half of the individuals still at Guantanamo have already been cleared for release or transfer -- some as long ago as 2005 , so critics have questioned how meaningful it had been to clear Mahmud Abd Al Aziz Al Mujahid for release . Under the Obama Administration , the Board examined 63 detainees , recommending 37 of those to be transferred . Of the 693 total former detainees transferred out of Guantanamo , 30 % are suspected or confirmed to have reengaged in terrorist activity . Of those detainees that were transferred out under President Obama , 5.6 % are confirmed and 6.8 % are suspected of reengaging in terrorist activity . The Board held its first hearing under President Donald Trump on February 9 , 2017 . Warning of the danger of recidivism , that same day eleven Republican Senators wrote a letter encouraging the President to immediately suspend the Board and to prohibit the transfer of any detainees .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2a51b0c40d9f3ba4cdede979ec5956c1", "text": "Better Courts for Missouri Better Courts for Missouri is an American 501 ( c ) ( 4 ) organization that has proposed changes be made to the Missouri Plan for selecting judges . The St. Louis Post Dispatch has described it as an opponent of the Missouri plan . Better Courts for Missouri has proposed enacting several changes to the judicial selection process , including increasing the nominees submitted to the governor from three to five , allowing the governor to veto the panel of judicial nominees submitted to him , and Senate confirmation of members of the Appellate Judicial Commission . In 2008 , the group circulated an initiative petition for a ballot measure to enact these changes , but failed to submit signatures to the Secretary of State . In 2009 , the group supported two legislative efforts , House Joint Resolution 10 and Senate Joint Resolution 9 . Both failed to pass , though House Joint Resolution 10 did succeed in passing through the House . In 2012 , the group supported one bill , Senate Joint Resolution 51 , which passed through both houses of the legislature and will appear on the November 2012 ballot as Amendment 3 . In 2009 , the group announced their sponsorship of an initiative petition to replace the Missouri Plan with a judicial nomination system based on the federal model . The selection model proposed by the initiative would allow the governor to nominate a judge to the bench and require Senate approval of the nominee , as in the federal system , but would maintain the retention elections that take place under the current judicial selection system .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "84354418b054a8f43fafc70c2f96b11c", "text": "Barack Obama judicial appointment controversies During President Barack Obama 's terms in office , he nominated 7 people for 27 different federal appellate judgeships and although some nominees were processed by the Republican-controlled Senate Judiciary Committee , many of them stalled on the floor of the Senate . Barack Obama nominated over three hundred individuals for federal judgeships . Of these nominations , Congress confirmed three hundred and seven judgeships , 173 during the 111th & 112th Congresses and 134 during the 113th Congress . With the Death of Antonin Scalia in February of 2016 , in the thick of a Presidential election year , the Republican majority in the Senate made it their stated policy to refuse to consider any nominee put forward by President Obama , arguing that the next president should be the one to appoint Scalia 's replacement . Scalia 's death was only the second death of a serving justice in a span of sixty years Republicans filibustered many nominees , and Senator Grassley commented more nominees could have been confirmed had President Obama respected recess appointment precedent by not making recess appointments while the Senate is in session . Although President Obama had never used a recess appointment to appoint a nominee to the federal bench , he had appointed some executive agency officials in January 2012 . As a response to the continuing blocking of several of President Obama 's nominees , Sen. Harry Reid on November 21 , 2013 invoked the so-called Nuclear option and changed the Senate rules , meaning a simple majority vote will suffice for all nominees except for the Supreme Court .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4e0c1f26cdab6ea662ffbc23e07aa96e", "text": "Sentencing Act of 1987 The Sentencing Act of 1987 ( Pub.L . 100-182 ) enacted some changes to the federal sentencing regime in the United States . The legislation amended to permit expressly departures based on circumstances of an exceptional `` kind '' or `` degree . '' The insertion of this new language was described by the manager of the House bill , Representative John Conyers , as `` clarifying '' in nature because it simply made explicit in the law that which was previously described in the Senate Committee Report as implicit and intended . There is evidence that under the new regime , sentences may not have increased as much as expected : although the average prison term for trial sentences increases post‐reforms , there is no systematic increase in the average length of the pleas . Additionally , the law abolished parole for federal prisoners and created the United States Sentencing Commission . The commission makes the guidelines used by federal judges when sentencing people convicted of a federal crime . The bill was introduced by Senator Joseph Biden on October 27 , 1987 . It was signed into law on December 7 , 1987 , by President Ronald Reagan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "52a828d2b875d1def5304f232d45b600", "text": "Mary Ellen Coster Williams Mary Ellen Coster Williams ( born April 3 , 1953 ) is a judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims , appointed to that court in 2003 by President George W. Bush . Born and raised in Flushing , New York , Williams received a B.A. in Latin and Greek and an M.A. in Latin , summa cum laude , from Catholic University in 1974 . She received a J.D. from the Duke University School of Law in 1977 , having served on the Editorial Board of the Duke Law Journal . Williams was an associate with Schnader Harrison Segal & Lewis from 1979 to 1983 and with Fulbright & Jaworski from 1977 to 1979 . She served as an Assistant United States Attorney in the Civil Division of the Department of Justice in Washington , D.C. , from 1983 until 1987 . From 1987 to 1989 , Williams was a partner in the law firm of Janis , Schuelke and Weschler , focusing on civil litigation . From March 6 , 1989 to July 18 , 2003 , Williams served as an administrative judge on the General Services Administration Board of Contract Appeals , where she resolved federal government contract cases . Williams was appointed to the United States Court of Federal Claims on July 21 , 2003 . Throughout her career , Williams has been active in bar associations and professional organizations . She has served on the Board of Governors of the American Bar Association , and from 2002 to 2003 she was the Chair of the ABA 's Section of Public Contract Law , having served as the Section 's Chair-Elect , Vice Chair , and Secretary . She was the Section 's delegate to the ABA House of Delegates from 2003 to 2008 . Williams also served as the section representative on the ABA Committee on Ethics and Professionalism and the ABA Commission on Evaluation of Rules of Professional Conduct from 1998 to 2000 and chaired the Ad Hoc Committee on Model Rules of Professional Responsibility of the Bar Association of D.C. in the early 1980s . From 2009 to 2010 , she served on the ABA 's Commission on Youth At Risk . She was a member of the ABA President 's Task Force on Government Lawyers from 2000 to 2001 and was elected a Life Fellow of the American Bar Foundation in 1985 . Williams has also served the Bar Association of the District of Columbia in many capacities , as its Foundation president , as a Trustee , and as a member of its Board of Directors . In addition , Williams was Chair of the D.C. Young Lawyers Section , Secretary of the D.C. Bar , and a member of the Policy Board for Legal Counsel for the Elderly . Williams has taught Remedies and Administrative Law at the Columbus School of Law , Catholic University , since 2004 , and also serves as an adjunct professor in the Advanced Academic Program for Law and Government at Johns Hopkins University , where she has taught Intellectual Property Law , Litigation with the Federal Government , Government Contracts , The American Civil Trial , and Legal Method . She has also lectured extensively on various legal topics , including civil trial practice and government contracts . Williams is married and has two children .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1d06224f3d8707cb1f5c5150955c3a3d", "text": "Joe Whitley Joe D. Whitley ( born November 12 , 1950 ) was the first General Counsel for the United States Department of Homeland Security . He is currently in private practice at Baker Donelson . During the George H.W. Bush administration , Joe served as the Acting United States Associate Attorney General , the third-ranking position in the Department of Justice . Under President Ronald Reagan , he was the U.S. Attorney in the Middle District of Georgia in Macon , and under President George H.W. Bush , Whitley served as the U.S. Attorney in the Northern and Middle Districts of Georgia in Atlanta . Prior to joining the Department of Homeland Security , and immediately following his service at DHS , Whitley was a partner at Alston & Bird , where he served as head of the firm 's White Collar Government Enforcement & Investigations Group , his practice concentrating on government investigations , environmental and health care fraud and complex civil litigation . Whitley is the former Chair of the Section of Administrative Law & Regulatory Practice of the American Bar Association . He is a former council member of the Criminal Justice Section of the American Bar Association . He served as Vice Chair for Governmental Affairs of the 2002 -- 03 ABA Criminal Justice Section . He also chairs annual seminars and institutes for Georgia ICLE on White Collar Crime , Health Care Fraud , FCPA , Internal Investigations and Cybercrime . Whitley chairs the ABA 's Annual National Homeland Security Law Institute in Washington , DC .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4475d7b2a7494593a1188209b70ad4db", "text": "United States Senate The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress which , along with the United States House of Representatives , the lower chamber , composes the legislature of the United States of America . The composition and powers of the Senate are established by Article One of the United States Constitution . The Senate is composed of senators who represent each of the several states , with each state being equally represented by two senators , regardless of their population , serving staggered terms of six years ; with fifty states presently in the Union , there are 100 U.S. Senators . From 1789 until 1913 , Senators were appointed by legislatures of the states they represented ; following the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913 , they are now popularly elected . The Senate chamber is located in the north wing of the Capitol , in Washington , D.C. As the upper house , the Senate has several powers of advice and consent which are unique to it ; these include the ratification of treaties , the confirmation of Cabinet secretaries , Supreme Court justices , federal judges , other federal executive officials , flag officers , regulatory officials , ambassadors , and other federal uniformed officers . In addition to these , in cases wherein no candidate receives a majority of electors for Vice President , the duty befalls upon the Senate to elect one of the top two recipients of electors for that office . It further has the responsibility of conducting trials of those impeached by the House . The Senate is widely considered both a more deliberative and more prestigious body than the House of Representatives due to its longer terms , smaller size , and statewide constituencies , which historically led to a more collegial and less partisan atmosphere . The presiding officer of the Senate is the Vice President of the United States , who is President of the Senate ; in their absence , the President Pro Tempore , who is customarily the senior member of the controlling party , presides over the Senate . In the early 20th century , the practice of majority and minority parties electing their floor leaders began , although they are not constitutional officers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3900ce880e1b798b1cae9973dfa46867", "text": "State Justice Institute The State Justice Institute ( SJI ) is a private , nonprofit corporation that awards grants to improve judicial administration in the state courts of the United States . It was created by the State Justice Institute Act of 1984 ( , et seq. ) . It is governed by an 11-member Board of Directors appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate , including six state court judges , one state court administrator , and four members of the public ( no more than two of whom may be of the same political party ) . The Executive Director is responsible for the executive and administrative operations of SJI , is a non-voting ex officio member of the Board , and serves at the pleasure of the Board .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "25851388c8fe0e4d8b40b14c83dffd99", "text": "Nuclear option The nuclear option is a parliamentary procedure that allows the United States Senate to override a rule or precedent by a simple majority of 51 votes , instead of by a supermajority of 60 votes . The option is invoked by the presiding officer of the body ruling that the validity of a Senate rule or precedent is a constitutional question . The issue is immediately put to the full Senate , which decides by majority vote . The procedure thus allows the Senate to decide any issue by majority vote , regardless of existing procedural rules , such as current Senate rules specifying that ending a filibuster requires the consent of 60 senators ( out of 100 ) for legislation , and 67 for amending a Senate rule . The term `` nuclear option '' is an analogy to nuclear weapons being the most extreme option in warfare . The nuclear option has only been used in practice twice -- in 2013 and 2017 , however the threat to use it dates back at least to 1917 , in opinions related to reform of the Senate 's filibuster rules . Subsequently , an opinion written by Vice President Richard Nixon in 1957 concluded that the U.S. Constitution grants the presiding officer the authority to override existing Senate rules . The option was used to make further rule changes in 1975 . In November 2013 , Senate Democrats used the nuclear option to eliminate filibusters on executive branch nominations and federal judicial appointments other than those to the Supreme Court . On April 6 , 2017 , Senate Republicans used the nuclear option to eliminate the exception for Supreme Court nominees , after the nomination of Neil Gorsuch failed to meet the requirement of 60 votes for ending the debate . Before November 2013 , Senate rules required a three-fifths vote of the `` duly chosen and sworn '' members of the Senate -- ( usually 60 votes ) to end debate on a bill , nomination or other proposal ; they also require a two-thirds vote ( `` present and voting '' -- 67 or more votes ) to end debate on a change to the Senate rules . Those rules effectively allowed a minority of the Senate to block a bill or nomination through the technique of the filibuster . This had resulted in a de facto requirement that a nomination have the support of 60 Senators to pass , rather than a majority of 51 . A three-fifths vote is still required to end debates on legislation . Before April 2017 , Senate rules required a three-fifths vote to confirm nominations for Supreme Court nominees . Under the new nuclear option proceedings , the majority leader and presiding officer , guided by parliamentary experts , go through a series of choreographed steps in which the leader suggests a change to the rules , the presiding officer challenges him , and then the leader calls a second vote on a rules change , which requires only 51 votes . This effectively ends what had become a 60-vote requirement for confirmation of a Supreme Court nominee or the passage of legislation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e04c340ed7f1e355eedbdaca52325b4f", "text": "W. Eugene Davis William Eugene Davis , known as W. Eugene Davis ( born August 1936 ) , is a Senior Court of Appeals Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit . His chambers are in Lafayette , Louisiana . Born in Winfield in Marion County in northwestern Alabama , Davis attended Samford University in Homewood , a suburb of Birmingham , Alabama . After three years at Samford , he received a scholarship to Tulane University Law School in New Orleans . There he received his J.D. in 1960 without having received an undergraduate degree ( Samford awarded him a bachelor 's degree in 2006 ) . While at Tulane , Davis was a member of the Board of Editors of the Tulane Law Review . He was in private practice in New Orleans from 1960 -- 64 , and then joined a law firm in New Iberia , where his partners were until 1976 Pat Caffery and John Malcolm Duhé , Jr. . In his private practice , he frequently represented the oil and gas industries . On August 5 , 1976 , Davis was nominated by President Gerald R. Ford , Jr. , to a seat on the United States District Court for the Western District of Louisiana vacated by Richard J. Putnam . Davis was confirmed by the United States Senate on September 17 , 1976 , and received his commission on September 21 , 1976 . President Ronald W. Reagan nominated Davis for elevation to the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit on November 1 , 1983 , to a seat vacated by Robert Andrew Ainsworth , Jr. , who died in 1981 . Reagan at first considered Ben Toledano , a New Orleans lawyer and former Republican political candidate for the slot but withdrew the nomination after opposition surfaced from the NAACP . Davis was again confirmed by the United States Senate on November 15 , 1983 , and received his commission the following day . He assumed senior status on December 31 , 2016 . Davis is one of three judges on a panel that will hear the appeal to Hornbeck Offshore Services LLC v. Salazar , a case challenging the U.S. Department of the Interior six month moratorium on exploratory drilling in deep water that was adopted in the wake of the Deepwater Horizon explosion and the subsequent oil spill . The Fifth Circuit panel denied the government 's emergency request to stay the lower court 's decision pending appeal . Davis has announced he will assume senior status on December 31 , 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fffbec549730545b29b079580a9496bf", "text": "House Un-American Activities Committee The House Un-American Activities Committee ( HUAC ) ( aka , The House Committee on Un-American Activities , HUAC or HCUA ) was an investigative committee of the United States House of Representatives . The HUAC was created in 1938 to investigate alleged disloyalty and subversive activities on the part of private citizens , public employees , and those organizations suspected of having communist ties . In 1969 , the House changed the committee 's name to `` House Committee on Internal Security '' . When the House abolished the committee in 1975 , its functions were transferred to the House Judiciary Committee . The committee 's anti-communist investigations are often associated with those of Joseph McCarthy who , as a U.S. Senator , had no direct involvement with this House committee . McCarthy was the chairman of the Government Operations Committee and its Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations of the U.S. Senate , not the House .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9aadfe36dc022c27254c9d9c0e562ddc", "text": "Operation Bid Rig Operation Bid Rig is an ongoing , long-term investigation into political corruption in New Jersey conducted by the Federal Bureau of Investigation , the Internal Revenue Service , and the United States Attorney for the District of New Jersey since 2002 . The investigation has resulted in the indictments of more than 60 public officials and politically connected individuals since its inception . In July 2009 , sting operations resulted in the arrest of 44 people in New Jersey and New York , including 29 public servants and political operatives , and five orthodox rabbis from the Syrian Jewish community . A number of high-level New Jersey elected officials were arrested in the operation , including Jersey City Deputy Mayor Leona Beldini , Hoboken Mayor Peter Cammarano , Secaucus Mayor Dennis Elwell , Ridgefield Mayor Anthony R. Suarez , former Jersey City Housing Authority Commissioner and Chairwoman Lori Serrano , Jersey City Housing Authority Commissioner Edward Cheatam , Assemblyman L. Harvey Smith , Assemblyman Daniel M. Van Pelt , former Assemblyman and unsuccessful mayoral candidate Louis Manzo , and political operatives Joseph Cardwell and Jack Shaw .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3b62102068eeb00c32e6896371219569", "text": "United Nations Security Council Resolution 1957 United Nations Security Council Resolution 1957 , adopted unanimously on 15 December 2010 , after recognising positive developments in Iraq since the adoption of 661 ( 1990 ) , the Council lifted sanctions relating to weapons of mass destruction , long-range ballistic missiles , and the acquisition of nuclear weapons . Resolution 1957 , along with resolutions 1956 ( 2010 ) and 1958 ( 2010 ) , ended some major restrictions placed on Iraq . However , demands that Iraq resolve disputes with Kuwait remained . The high-level meeting was chaired by United States Vice President Joe Biden .", "title": "" } ]	fever
40814bea4faa0391c19db1231496d842	Moses Malone only won the MVP once.	[ { "docid": "31aac81e24c769d00419808e26d747ad", "text": "Moses Malone Moses Eugene Malone ( March 23 , 1955 -- September 13 , 2015 ) was an American basketball player who played in both the American Basketball Association ( ABA ) and the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) from 1974 through 1995 . The center was named the NBA Most Valuable Player ( MVP ) three times and was a 12-time NBA All-Star and an eight-time All-NBA selection . Malone won his only NBA championship in 1983 , when he was both the league and Finals MVP with the Philadelphia 76ers . He was inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in his first year of eligibility in 2001 . Malone began his pro career out of high school after he was selected in the third round of the 1974 ABA Draft by the Utah Stars . He was named an ABA All-Star as a rookie and played two seasons in the league until it merged with the NBA in 1976 . He landed in the NBA with the Buffalo Braves , who traded him after two games to the Houston Rockets . Malone became a five-time All-Star in six seasons with the Rockets . After leading the NBA in rebounding in 1979 , he was named league MVP for the first time . He led the Rockets to the NBA Finals in 1981 , and won his second MVP award in 1982 . Malone was traded to Philadelphia the following season , when he repeated as MVP and led the 76ers to a championship in his first year . In his first of two stints with Philadelphia , he was an All-Star in each of his four seasons . Following another trade , Malone was an All-Star in his only two seasons with the Washington Bullets ( known later as the Wizards ) . He signed as a free agent with the Atlanta Hawks , earning his 12th straight and final All-Star selection in his first season . In his later years , he played with the Milwaukee Bucks before returning to the 76ers and completing his career with the San Antonio Spurs . Malone led the NBA in rebounding six times , including a then-record five straight seasons ( 1981 -- 1985 ) . He finished his career as the all-time leader in offensive rebounds after leading both the ABA and NBA in the category a combined nine times . Malone was nicknamed `` Chairman of the Boards '' for his rebounding prowess . Combining his ABA and NBA statistics , he ranks seventh all-time in career points ( 29,580 ) and third in total rebounds ( 17,834 ) . He was named to both the ABA All-Time Team and the NBA 's 50th Anniversary All-Time Team .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "286fd59b30f28396b943b37fd15a937d", "text": "Michael Malone (basketball) Michael Malone ( born 1971 ) is an American professional basketball coach who is currently the head coach of the Denver Nuggets in the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b4f447aa17033adf4fa3309000d5ae12", "text": "List of American Basketball Association awards and honors The American Basketball Association ( ABA ) was a professional basketball league that operated from the until it ceased to exist with the ABA -- NBA merger in 1976 . The ABA presented a variety of annual awards and honors to recognize its players and executives . There were six awards presented by the ABA . Three Most Valuable Player ( MVP ) awards were presented annually in the All-Star Game , the regular season , and the playoffs . In sports , the player judged to be the most important to the team is the Most Valuable Player ( MVP ) . Other annual awards include the Executive of the Year , the Coach of the Year , and the Rookie of the Year . Honors were also presented to players who excelled in the respective categories of : best players , best defensive players , and best rookies . The Executive of the Year Award and the All-Defensive Team started in the , while the rest started in the first season . Julius Erving has won the most ABA awards with five MVP awards -- three in the regular season and two in the playoffs . Artis Gilmore has won the most ABA honors with nine . A total of 80 ABA players and executives have received at least one award or honor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d945f989791166c585d7edc5fc263a9a", "text": "2004 NBA Finals The 2004 NBA Finals was the championship round of the 2003 -- 04 National Basketball Association season . The Finals were between the Los Angeles Lakers of the Western Conference and the Detroit Pistons of the Eastern Conference ; the Lakers held home court advantage . The series was played under a best-of-seven format , so the first team to collect four game victories would win the series . Although the Lakers were the heavy favorite , the Pistons won the series four games to one to win their first title since 1990 and their fifth overall ( three NBA Championships , two NBL Championships ) . Pistons point guard Chauncey Billups was named as the NBA Finals MVP . The series was noted for the perceived underdog , the Pistons , dominating a Lakers team that had four future Hall of Famers . Pistons owner William Davidson became the first owner in sports history to win two championships in one year . Eight days earlier , the other team that Davidson owned , the Tampa Bay Lightning of the National Hockey League had won the Stanley Cup in seven games over the Calgary Flames .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "17233d1fb4e987c7c2f5f8814f0f76be", "text": "Greek Volley League MVP The Greek Volley League MVP is the yearly MVP award for the best player of Greek Volleyleague , the Greek first tier professional championship . It begin with 1998-99 season and first winner was Marios Giourdas . The recordman of this award is Ernardo Gómez who has won the MVP award three times . Marios Giourdas and Andrej Kravárik has won two times .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d22a847e7cc913957ccda9d3ab3ac7b8", "text": "NBA Rookie of the Month Award The T-Mobile National Basketball Association Rookie of the Month Award is presented monthly by the league to honor the top rookie in both conferences ( Eastern and Western conferences ) in a particular month . Once won , the trophy is presented to the player before his next home game .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4e48427c3eb829098e06ac4376a51684", "text": "1998 NBA Finals The 1998 NBA Finals was the championship round of the 1998 playoffs of the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) and the conclusion of the 1997 -- 98 NBA season . The Eastern Conference champion Chicago Bulls played against the Western Conference champion Utah Jazz , with the Jazz holding home-court advantage with the first 2 games in Salt Lake City . In a repeat of the previous year 's Finals , the Bulls won the series 4 games to 2 for their third consecutive NBA title and their sixth in eight seasons . Michael Jordan was voted the NBA Finals MVP of the series ( he also had won the award the last five times the Bulls won the Finals : 1991 , 1992 , 1993 , 1996 , and 1997 ) . This would be his sixth NBA championship and sixth Finals MVP award in six full basketball seasons . Until 2014 , it was the last consecutive Finals rematch between two teams . The 1998 Finals garnered the highest Nielsen TV ratings in NBA history at 18.7 , and even surpassed the Nielsen ratings for the 1998 World Series , marking the first time the NBA had a higher rating in its championship round than of Major League Baseball 's championship round . The 1998 NBA season documentary `` Unforgettabulls '' was the first of five narrated by Will Lyman through NBA Entertainment , which recaps the entire Bulls ' season . Rick Telander narrates on the opening credits . Marv Albert narrates the timeline of Michael Jordan 's career with the Bulls .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c47cd76d9d5e1f0b6d93112acc3ad6e3", "text": "Joe Smith (basketball) Joseph Leynard Smith ( born July 26 , 1975 ) is an American former professional basketball player who played at power forward position for 12 teams of the NBA during his 16-year career . Born and raised in Norfolk , Virginia , Smith was the College Player of the Year at Maryland in 1995 and the No. 1 pick of that season 's NBA draft , picked by the Golden State Warriors . He was named to the 1995 -- 96 All-Rookie team . Smith was mobile throughout his career , the NBA indicated that he was one of the most traded players . In 1998 , Smith was traded to the Philadelphia 76ers ; he then played for the Minnesota Timberwolves ( with a mid-way pitstop for the Detroit Pistons ) until 2003 . He later played for the Milwaukee Bucks , the Denver Nuggets , the 76ers again , the Chicago Bulls , the Oklahoma City Thunder , the Cleveland Cavaliers , the Atlanta Hawks , the New Jersey Nets , and the Los Angeles Lakers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e93a9cd44eb1d268f297e0dfa920f7e5", "text": "WCHA Most Valuable Player in Tournament The WCHA Most Valuable Player in Tournament is an annual award given out at the conclusion of the WCHA tournament to the best player in the championship as voted by the head coaches of each member team . The Tournament MVP was first awarded in 1988 and every year thereafter . Bill Pye is the only player to have won the award more than once . Additionally , two recipients have received the honor while not playing for the conference champion . ( as of 2013 )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c55ad9bdf497a6df57d6741897c1b484", "text": "EuroCup Basketball MVP The EuroCup Basketball MVP is the yearly MVP award that is awarded by the 2nd-tier level professional basketball league in Europe , the EuroCup Basketball League , which is the pan-European professional basketball league that is one tier level below the top-tier EuroLeague . The EuroCup Basketball MVP award began with the EuroCup Basketball 2008 -- 09 season .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "78a278c05995841a45dc5165150ee47b", "text": "1994 NBA Finals The 1994 NBA Finals was the championship round of the 1993 -- 94 National Basketball Association ( NBA ) season , featuring the Western Conference 's Houston Rockets defeating the Eastern Conference 's New York Knicks . This matchup was Hakeem Olajuwon 's second NBA Finals appearance , his other being in 1986 , where Larry Bird and the Boston Celtics defeated the Houston Rockets four games to two . The series was Patrick Ewing 's first NBA Finals appearance . The Rockets came in with strong determination to win not only the franchise 's first NBA championship , but the city 's first championship in a league that still existed , while the Knicks were looking to add a third NBA championship trophy , as the Knicks ' last trophy came from the 1973 NBA Finals . The Knicks also hoped to impress their new owners Viacom , who had just bought Paramount Communications ( formerly Gulf + Western ) , their longtime owners ( after the series however , Viacom sold the Knicks and the rest of the Madison Square Garden properties ) . The series was hailed as a meeting of the two great centers who had previously played for a championship in college . In 1984 while Olajuwon was with the University of Houston and Ewing was with Georgetown University , Georgetown had beaten Houston 84 -- 75 in the 1984 NCAA Championship game . In this series , however , Olajuwon outperformed Ewing , outscoring him in every game of the series and posting numbers of 26.9 ppg on 50.0 % shooting compared to Ewing 's 18.9 ppg on 36.3 % shooting . However , Ewing set an NBA finals record in the series with a total of 30 blocks , and he tied the single-game record of 8 blocks in Game 5 . Tim Duncan would later set the record for most blocks in a Finals series ( 2003 ) with 32 blocks in six games while Dwight Howard would set the record for most blocked shots in a Finals game with 9 blocked shots in Game 4 of the 2009 Finals while with the Orlando Magic . During the series , the Houston Rockets played seven low-scoring , defensive games against the New York Knicks . After splitting the first two games in Houston , the Knicks won two out of three games at Madison Square Garden , which also hosted the Rangers first Stanley Cup celebration in 54 years during the series . In Game 6 , however , Rockets center Hakeem Olajuwon blocked a last-second championship-winning shot attempt by John Starks , giving the Rockets an 86 -- 84 victory and forcing a Game 7 , which made Knicks Coach Pat Riley the first ( and to this date , the only ) coach in a Game 7 NBA Finals on two different teams , having been with the Los Angeles Lakers in and . In addition , the Knicks set a record for most playoff games played in one season , with 25 . The Detroit Pistons tied this record in . The Boston Celtics , coached by Doc Rivers , would surpass it during their championship season of 2008 when they played 26 . The Rockets beat the Knicks in Game 7 , 90 -- 84 , enabling the city of Houston to not only celebrate its first NBA and fifth professional sports championship ( first in an existing league ) , but also deny New York from having both NBA and NHL championships in the same year ( Chicago had suffered this fate in 1992 , with the Bulls winning their second NBA championship and the Blackhawks losing in the Stanley Cup Finals ) . For his efforts Olajuwon was named NBA Finals Most Valuable Player . For the Knicks , Riley had the unfortunate distinction of having become the first ( and to this date , the only ) coach to lose a Game 7 NBA Finals on two different teams , having lost to the Celtics in 1984 . It also denied him the distinction of being the first coach to win a Game 7 NBA Finals with two different teams , having defeated the Detroit Pistons in 1988 . NBC Sports used Ahmad Rashād ( Knicks sideline ) and Hannah Storm ( Rockets sideline ) . Hal Douglas narrated the season-ending documentary Clutch City for NBA Entertainment .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "37cd651896a6068d23c2db2365bb6ee4", "text": "1970 ABA Playoffs The 1970 ABA Playoffs was the postseason tournament of the American Basketball Association 's 1969-1970 season . The tournament concluded with the Eastern Division champion Indiana Pacers defeating the Western Division champion Los Angeles Stars , four games to two in the ABA Finals . The Indiana Pacers finished the season with the league 's best regular season record ( 59-25 , .702 ) before going on to win the ABA championship . This same feat was accomplished by the Oakland Oaks during the prior season and by the Pittsburgh Pipers in the year before that . The Pacers became the first ABA champions to return in the same form for the following season . The Oakland Oaks became the Washington Caps for the 1969-1970 ABA season ; the Pittsburgh Pipers had become the Minnesota Pipers after winning the ABA championship the prior season . Roger Brown of Indiana was the Most Valuable Player of the ABA playoffs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "688b65b80a5e1dee124ca4b90582600c", "text": "Shaqtin' a Fool Shaqtin ' a Fool is a weekly segment from the television show Inside the NBA , the postgame show of NBA on TNT following the conclusion of National Basketball Association ( NBA ) games airing on cable TV channel TNT . It first aired during the 2011 -- 12 NBA season , when retired NBA All-Star Shaquille O'Neal voiced it upon joining the show and was created by Turner Sports producer Mike Goldfarb . It highlights humorous and uncommon basketball plays that have occurred during NBA games in the past week . O'Neal is the host and presenter , while the other analysts in studio react and provide commentary . Most often , those have been fellow Inside regulars Ernie Johnson , Kenny Smith , and Charles Barkley , but other Inside hosts have also participated , including Chris Webber , Grant Hill , Steve Smith and Matt Winer . The segment regularly features NBA players and also includes , but is not limited to , referees , fans , mascots , and other arena employees . Sometimes they also air clips from other international basketball leagues . On special occasions , the segment features plays which had occurred during the past , including several entire `` retro '' editions . Each episode tends to have 5 entries from the past week , with each entry typically involving a single play ( although there are some times where a collection of similar bad plays , such as travels and air ball free throws , are highlighted ) . Multiple plays may include the same player , and a single play may highlight more than one player . Only 3 players have the Shaqtin `` Golden Ticket , '' which is lifetime immunity from being included in the segment : Larry Nance Jr. ( 2015 winner ) , PJ Tucker ( 2016 winner ) , and JaVale McGee ( after his long feud with O'Neal escalated in early 2017 , see more in MVP section ) . At the conclusion of the NBA postseason , a Shaqtin ' a Fool special airs on NBA TV . During the special , Shaquille O'Neal is joined by Jared Greenberg and Dennis Scott , and the top Shaqtin ' a Fool plays of the season are shown . On the 2013 special , 34 plays were shown to honor O'Neal 's jersey retirement of # 34 during his tenure with the Los Angeles Lakers . On the 2014 special , only 20 plays were shown . For the 2015 special , the number of plays increased to 30 . Since the beginning of the 2013 -- 14 NBA season , fans are able to tweet suggestions for Shaqtin ' a Fool . Also , ahead of the 2015 -- 16 season , Hotels.com sponsored Shaqtin ' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5d6f81dd79f2e201f4a2700229bd222", "text": "1994–95 Minnesota Timberwolves season The 1994 -- 95 NBA season was the Timberwolves ' 6th season in the National Basketball Association . During the offseason , the Timberwolves acquired Sean Rooks from the Dallas Mavericks . Under new head coach Bill Blair , the Timberwolves continued to struggle losing 13 of their first 14 games , as Michael Williams missed all but one game of the season due to a left heel injury . Midway through the season , top draft pick Donyell Marshall was traded to the Golden State Warriors for Tom Gugliotta . Despite a stellar season from second-year star Isaiah Rider leading the team in scoring with 20.4 points per game , the Timberwolves lost nine of their final ten games . They finished last place in the Midwest Division with a 21 -- 61 record , setting a dubious record in becoming the first team ever to lose 60 or more games in four consecutive seasons .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9d5eee3e4d077f9ec205ef09cb6d5b71", "text": "1993–94 Utah Jazz season The 1993 -- 94 NBA season was the Jazz 's 20th season in the National Basketball Association , and 15th season in Salt Lake City , Utah . During the offseason , the Jazz signed unrestricted free agent All-Star forward Tom Chambers , and acquired Felton Spencer from the Minnesota Timberwolves . John Stockton led the league in assists for the seventh straight season , as Karl Malone joined the list in all-time points scored topping the 19,000 point mark . Both were selected for the 1994 NBA All-Star Game . At midseason , the Jazz traded Jeff Malone to the Philadelphia 76ers for Jeff Hornacek . With the addition of Hornacek , the Jazz went on to win ten consecutive games between February and March . They won nine of their final eleven games finishing third in the Midwest Division with a 53 -- 29 record . In the first round of the playoffs , the Jazz defeated the 4th-seeded San Antonio Spurs after losing Game 1 . In the semifinals , they took a 3 -- 0 series lead over the 8th-seeded Denver Nuggets . However , the Jazz would lose the next three games to the Nuggets , then finally win Game 7 and advance to the next round . In the Western Conference Finals , they lost five games to the Houston Rockets . Following the season , Tyrone Corbin was traded to the Atlanta Hawks .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dc23553826688809ac1312cfa9744329", "text": "1998–99 Toronto Raptors season The 1998 -- 99 NBA season was the Raptors ' fourth season in the National Basketball Association . In the 1998 NBA draft , the Raptors selected Antawn Jamison out of the University of North Carolina with the fourth overall pick . However , they traded Jamison to the Golden State Warriors for his college teammate Vince Carter , who is also second-year star Tracy McGrady 's cousin . Other offseason acquisitions included Charles Oakley from the New York Knicks , Kevin Willis from the Houston Rockets and free agent Michael Stewart . During the regular season , which was shortened due to a four-month lockout , the Raptors moved into their new arena Air Canada Centre . After a 6 -- 12 start , the Raptors played their best basketball winning 12 of their next 14 games . However , they lost 13 of their final 18 games , and finished the season with a 23 -- 27 record , sixth in the Central Division . Carter averaged 18.3 points per game and was named Rookie of the Year . Following the season , John Wallace re-signed as a free agent with the New York Knicks .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "039fbf8df831732ffe94e31df7bd4c76", "text": "1991 NBA Playoffs The 1991 NBA Playoffs was the postseason tournament of the National Basketball Association 's 1990 -- 91 season . The tournament concluded with the Eastern Conference champion Chicago Bulls defeating the Western Conference champion Los Angeles Lakers 4 games to 1 in the NBA Finals . Michael Jordan was named NBA Finals MVP . After the Pistons had ended their season the last three years , the Bulls got revenge in the Eastern Conference Finals by sweeping the two-time defending NBA champions . It was the first time the Bulls won a playoff series over the Pistons since 1974 , when both teams were still part of the Western Conference . Game 4 ended with some of the Pistons walking off the court before time expired , refusing to shake the Bulls ' hands . In the 1989 NBA Finals , the Pistons themselves had swept the two-time defending champion Lakers . Detroit did not reach the conference finals again until 2003 . The seventh seeded Golden State Warriors stunned the San Antonio Spurs in the first round of the playoffs , defeating them 3 games to 1 . It would be Golden State 's last playoff series win until 2007 . The 76ers and the Bucks met in the first round of the playoffs where the 76ers swept the series . It would be both teams last playoff appearance until 1999 . Game 4 of the Blazers -- Jazz series was the last game ever played at the Salt Palace . This was the first year that NBC aired the NBA Playoffs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5b4ee2a6febc9b0067998b1e58828db9", "text": "2001–02 Los Angeles Lakers season The 2001 -- 02 NBA season was the Lakers ' 54th season in the National Basketball Association , and 42nd in the city of Los Angeles . During the offseason , the Lakers signed All-Star guard Mitch Richmond and free agent Samaki Walker , while acquiring Lindsey Hunter from the Milwaukee Bucks . The team got off to a fast start winning 16 of their first 17 games , and finished second in the Pacific Division with a 58 -- 24 record . Kobe Bryant and Shaquille O'Neal were both selected for the 2002 NBA All-Star Game in which Bryant won MVP honors , but O'Neal did not participate in the All-Star game due to an injury . After sweeping the Portland Trail Blazers 3 -- 0 in the first round of the playoffs , then defeating the San Antonio Spurs 4 -- 1 in the semifinals , the Lakers where pushed to the brink once more in the Western Conference Finals by their archrivals the Sacramento Kings , who they narrowly defeated in a deciding seventh game . They then went on to win the NBA Finals , defeating and sweeping the New Jersey Nets in four straight games for their second three-peat in franchise history , the first since 1952 -- 54 . Following the season , Richmond retired and Hunter was traded to the Toronto Raptors . This would be the third and final consecutive NBA Championship the Lakers won in the early 2000s , as in the next season , their quest for a fourth consecutive NBA Championship ended with a playoff elimination by the San Antonio Spurs in six games in the semifinals , who would then go on to win the NBA Finals that season and their second NBA Championship . Although the Lakers returned to the Finals in 2004 , the Lakers would lose to the Detroit Pistons in five games , despite being the heavy favorites to win and having former All-Stars and veterans Gary Payton and Karl Malone , leading to O'Neal 's departure from the Lakers amidst boiling points between the Lakers staff and management and Kobe Bryant , culminating in his trade to the Miami Heat , ending the early 2000s Lakers dynasty . The Lakers would not win another title until 2009 , in which they defeated the Orlando Magic in five games .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3f84ad9b6d86f4ed66a51351fa174906", "text": "1996–97 Denver Nuggets season The 1996 -- 97 NBA season was the Nuggets ' 21st season in the National Basketball Association , and 30th season as a franchise . In the offseason , the Nuggets acquired Mark Jackson and Ricky Pierce from the Indiana Pacers while signing free agent Ervin Johnson . However , after a 4 -- 9 start to the season , Bernie Bickerstaff was forced out as head coach and replaced with Dick Motta , where the Nuggets then lost ten straight games along the way . Midway through the season , Jackson was traded back to the Indiana Pacers , while Pierce was dealt to the Charlotte Hornets . Meanwhile , the Nuggets signed free agent Kenny Smith , who won championships with the Houston Rockets . As the season drew , the Nuggets still struggled losing 26 of their final 30 games finishing fifth in the Midwest Division with a 21 -- 61 record . Despite playing just 55 games due to injury , LaPhonso Ellis led the team in scoring with a career high of 21.9 points per game . Following the season , second-year star Antonio McDyess was traded to the Phoenix Suns , Dale Ellis was traded back to the Seattle SuperSonics , Johnson was dealt to the Milwaukee Bucks , Tom Hammonds signed as a free agent with the Minnesota Timberwolves , Smith retired and Motta was fired as coach .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8f95a6b11ca0432f58d14ef6e4722f4b", "text": "2004–05 Cleveland Cavaliers season The 2004-05 Cleveland Cavaliers season was the 35th season of NBA basketball in Cleveland , Ohio . During the offseason , the Cavaliers acquired Drew Gooden from the Orlando Magic . In his second season , expectations were high for LeBron James as the Cavaliers hoped for a return to the playoffs . Through the first half of the season , the Cavs held a 30 -- 21 record at the All-Star Break as James was selected to his first All-Star selection in the 2005 NBA All-Star Game . However , as March began , the Cavaliers were unable to upgrade at the trading deadline as the team went on a 6-game losing streak . Head coach Paul Silas was fired and replaced by interim Brendan Malone . The Cavaliers finished the season with a 42 -- 40 record , a fourth-place finish in the Central Division , and barely missed out of the playoffs , losing a tiebreaker for the 8th spot to the New Jersey Nets . Despite their collapse , James had an outstanding sophomore season averaging 27.2 points , 7.4 rebounds and 7.2 assists per game . Key dates : On June 24 , the 2004 NBA Draft , took place in New York City , New York . In July , the free agency period began . On September 15 , the Cavaliers named Brendan Malone assistant coach . On October 14 , the Cavaliers ' preseason began with a 94 -- 102 loss to Memphis . On November 3 , the Cavaliers ' regular season began with a 104 -- 109 2OT loss to Indiana . On March 21 , head coach Paul Silas was fired and Brendan Malone was named interim head coach . Mike Bratz and Wes Wilcox were added to Malone 's staff as assistants . On April 20 , the Cavaliers ' season ended in a 104 -- 95 win over the Toronto Raptors . On April 21 , Jim Paxson was fired as President of Basketball Operations and General Manager .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "37d474d56ace39853e42908495798a00", "text": "1994–95 Sacramento Kings season The 1994 -- 95 NBA season was the Kings ' 46th season in the National Basketball Association , and 10th season in Sacramento . With the arrivals of rookies Brian Grant and Michael Smith , the Kings had an improved defense which held opponents at 99.2 points per game ( 8th best in the NBA ) . On the offensive side , the Kings were led by Mitch Richmond , who averaged 22.8 points per game while winning the All-Star MVP award in the 1995 NBA All-Star Game . The Kings played above .500 for the first half of the season with a 28 -- 20 record in mid February . However , they struggled with a 7-game losing streak afterwards as they began to slip under .500 . On the final day of the regular season , the Kings faced the Denver Nuggets at McNichols Sports Arena for the eighth and final playoff spot in the Western Conference . The Nuggets would win 102 -- 89 as the Kings went home with a 39 -- 43 record , missing the playoffs for the ninth consecutive season . Grant was selected to the All-Rookie First Team . Following the season , Spud Webb was traded back to the Atlanta Hawks . For the season , the Kings changed their logo and added purple to their uniforms . The jerseys lasted until 2002 , while the logo lasted until 2016 .", "title": "" } ]	fever
a6d529ada839a1b0ec6080af72edb981	Julia Stiles stars in The Bourne Supremacy.	[ { "docid": "1f0f319438d16661c958d3bc04b006f8", "text": "The Bourne Supremacy (film) The Bourne Supremacy is a 2004 American-German action spy thriller film starring Robert Ludlum 's Jason Bourne character . Though it takes the name of the second Bourne novel , its plot is entirely different . The film was directed by Paul Greengrass from a screenplay by Tony Gilroy . Universal Pictures released the film to theaters in the United States on July 23 , 2004 . It is the second in the Jason Bourne film series . It is preceded by The Bourne Identity ( 2002 ) and followed by The Bourne Ultimatum ( 2007 ) , The Bourne Legacy ( 2012 ) , and Jason Bourne ( 2016 ) . The Bourne Supremacy continues the story of Jason Bourne , a former CIA assassin suffering from psychogenic amnesia . Bourne is portrayed by Matt Damon . The film focuses on his attempt to learn more of his past as he is once more enveloped in a conspiracy involving the CIA and Operation Treadstone . The film also stars Brian Cox as Ward Abbott , Joan Allen as Pamela Landy and Julia Stiles as Nicky Parsons .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "c6066b4859cadf94f40a8d32a4307cd3", "text": "The Bourne Betrayal (film)", "title": "" }, { "docid": "34bda8e0932c97296829d4cc11beb3f8", "text": "Wicked (1998 film) Wicked is a 1998 American thriller film starring Julia Stiles as a disturbed teenage girl .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a1f7deadfaa275f35ce9b3aaac7d2ac1", "text": "Déjà Vu (2006 film) Déjà Vu ( stylised onscreen without accents ) is a 2006 American science fiction thriller film directed by Tony Scott , written by Bill Marsilii and Terry Rossio , and produced by Jerry Bruckheimer . The film stars Denzel Washington , Paula Patton , Jim Caviezel , Val Kilmer , Adam Goldberg and Bruce Greenwood . It involves an ATF agent who travels back in time in attempts to prevent a domestic terrorist attack that takes place in New Orleans and to save a woman with whom he falls in love . Filming took place in New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina . The film was premiered in New York City on November 20 , 2006 , and released widely in the United States and Canada two days later on November 22 , 2006 . It received mixed reviews from critics , and earning $ 64 million in the United States and $ 180 million worldwide . It was the 23rd most successful film worldwide for 2006 . The film was nominated for five awards , and also won the Golden Reel Award .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a15fcd521628b7a8b84f015eefa53ce4", "text": "Redacted (film) Redacted is a 2007 American war film written and directed by Brian De Palma . It is a fictional dramatization , loosely based on the 2006 Mahmudiyah killings in Mahmoudiyah , Iraq , when U.S. Army soldiers raped an Iraqi girl and murdered her along with her family . This film , which is a companion to an earlier film by De Palma , 1989 's Casualties of War , was shot in Jordan . Redacted premiered at the 2007 Venice Film Festival , where it earned a Silver Lion `` best director '' award . It was also shown at the Toronto International Film Festival , the New York Film Festival and the Buenos Aires International Festival of Independent Cinema . The film opened in Spain , and in fifteen theaters in limited release in the United States on November 16 , 2007 . The film received mixed reactions from critics and a poor financial response in its limited U.S. release .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "defc42bdb0ecbd43cac9b0dea624d1a6", "text": "Bunker 6 Bunker 6 is a Canadian psychological thriller film set in an alternate timeline in which a nuclear holocaust takes place during the Cuban Missile Crisis . Most of the film 's action is set a decade later , inside a very large fallout shelter , in which a group of survivors are faced with the dilemma of continuing life in the shelter or facing the uncertainty of life in a world contaminated by radiation . Theatrically released , the film was also destined for television and `` direct-to-video '' release . Directed by Canadian writer and director Greg Jackson , in his first feature film , it stars Andrea Lee Norwood and Molly Dunsworth . The supporting cast includes Jim Fowler , Glen Matthews and Shelley Thompson . The film was shot in an actual fallout shelter in Nova Scotia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0b5909d535fdd2055f6cbb1d0b1ef214", "text": "Samantha Morton Samantha Jane Morton ( born 13 May 1977 ) is an English actress , screenwriter and director . She has received critical acclaim and numerous accolades throughout her career , including one BAFTA Award , one BIFA Award , one Golden Globe Award and has been nominated twice for an Academy Award and once for an Emmy Award . She has been described as one of the greatest actresses of her generation . Brought up in Nottingham , Morton joined the Central Junior Television Workshop , and soon began her career in British television in 1991 . She guest-starred in Soldier Soldier and Cracker and appeared from 1995 to 1996 in the ITV series Band of Gold . She made the transition to film with lead roles in the dramas Emma ( 1996 ) , Jane Eyre ( 1997 ) and the well-received Under the Skin ( 1997 ) . The latter made director Woody Allen cast Morton in Sweet and Lowdown ( 1999 ) , which earned her nominations for the Academy Award and the Golden Globe for Best Supporting Actress . In the 2000s , Morton continued to draw critical praise for her performances in numerous arthouse and independent films . Her role in Morvern Callar ( 2002 ) garnered her the BIFA Award for Best Actress , and she received her second Academy Award nomination , this time in the Best Actress category , for In America ( 2003 ) . She also found mainstream success with the science fiction thriller Minority Report ( 2002 ) . For her role in 2006 's television biopic Longford , she received BAFTA and Emmy Award nominations and won the Golden Globe for Best Supporting Actress -- Television Film . Morton starred in the dramas Control ( 2007 ) , Synecdoche , New York ( 2008 ) and The Messenger ( 2009 ) , and she made her directorial debut with the British television film The Unloved ( 2009 ) , winning the BAFTA Television Award for Best Single Drama . Her most recent acting credits include the science fiction action film John Carter ( 2012 ) , the thriller Cosmopolis ( 2012 ) , the drama Decoding Annie Parker ( 2013 ) , the period film Miss Julie ( 2014 ) , the European limited series The Last Panthers ( 2015 ) and the film adaptation Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them ( 2016 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "08def35ea4dd67ee7e59996b6536982b", "text": "The Betrayed (2008 film) The Betrayed is a 2008 American thriller film , directed by Amanda Gusack from her own screenplay and starring Melissa George , Oded Fehr and Christian Campbell .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "704df7fba03cd1b36a2d74025c745f77", "text": "Rules of Engagement (film) Rules of Engagement is a 2000 American war film directed by William Friedkin , written by Jim Webb and starring Tommy Lee Jones and Samuel L. Jackson . Jackson plays U.S. Marine Colonel Terry Childers , who is brought to court-martial after men under Childers ' orders kill a large number of civilians outside the U.S. embassy in Yemen .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3ae33df81148b7ee1e7c1cdc040e06c2", "text": "Dark Streets Dark Streets is a 2008 film adaptation of the play by Glenn M. Stewart . Directed by Rachel Samuels ( The Suicide Club ) from a screenplay by Wallace King . The film stars Gabriel Mann ( The Bourne Supremacy ) , Bijou Phillips ( Choke ) , Izabella Miko ( Coyote Ugly ) , Elias Koteas ( The Thin Red Line ) Michael Fairman ( Thirteen Days ) and Toledo Diamond ( Don 's Plum ) . The film is produced by Andrea Balen ( American Night ) , Claus Clausen ( The Lucky Ones ) , Corina Danckwerts ( American Night ) and Glenn M. Stewart ( The Lucky Ones ) ; and executive produced by Steffen Aumueller ( The Lucky Ones ) . The film 's rich blues score is composed by George Acogny ( Blood Diamond ) , featuring B.B. King .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c4e29517648c01e1e581e4268fd7e95f", "text": "Die Hard with a Vengeance Die Hard with a Vengeance is a 1995 American action film and the third in the Die Hard film series . It was co-produced and directed by John McTiernan ( who directed Die Hard ) , written by Jonathan Hensleigh , and stars Bruce Willis as New York City Police Department Lieutenant John McClane , Samuel L. Jackson as McClane 's reluctant partner Zeus Carver , and Jeremy Irons as Simon Peter Gruber . It was released on May 19 , 1995 , five years after Die Hard 2 , becoming the highest-grossing film at the worldwide box-office that year , but received mixed reviews . It was followed by Live Free or Die Hard and A Good Day to Die Hard in 2007 and 2013 , respectively .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "21e3ea1d34b486fc70b45102c3d909e8", "text": "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon , Jed Whedon , and Maurissa Tancharoen , based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D. ( Strategic Homeland Intervention , Enforcement and Logistics Division ) , a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) , sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise . The series stars Clark Gregg , reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films , as well as Ming-Na Wen , Brett Dalton , Chloe Bennet , Iain De Caestecker , and Elizabeth Henstridge . Nick Blood and Adrianne Palicki joined the cast for the second and third seasons , while Henry Simmons and Luke Mitchell had recurring roles in the second season before being promoted to the main cast for the third . John Hannah , who recurred in the third season , joined the main cast in the fourth . Additionally , several other characters from Marvel Cinematic Universe films and Marvel One-Shots also appear throughout the series , along with other characters based on various Marvel Comics properties . Several characters from the series also appear in the supplemental digital series Marvel 's Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. : Slingshot . This list includes the series ' main cast , all guest stars deemed to have had recurring roles throughout the series , and any other guest who is otherwise notable .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "351f7e4acadce62cbab65a26f0bb7a37", "text": "The Theory of Everything (2014 film) The Theory of Everything is a 2014 British biographical romantic drama film directed by James Marsh and adapted by Anthony McCarten from the memoir Travelling to Infinity : My Life with Stephen by Jane Wilde Hawking , which deals with her relationship with her ex-husband , theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking , his diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ( ALS , also known as Lou Gehrig 's disease or motor neurone disease ) , and his success in physics . The film stars Eddie Redmayne and Felicity Jones with Charlie Cox , Emily Watson , Simon McBurney , Christian McKay , Harry Lloyd and David Thewlis featured in supporting roles . The film had its world premiere at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival on 7 September 2014 . The film was acclaimed critically worldwide , with praise for the musical score , cinematography and the performance of Felicity Jones and especially Eddie Redmayne , which earned him nominations for a variety of accolades in award shows and film festivals , including the Academy Award for Best Actor . The film received four Golden Globe Award nominations , winning the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Drama for Redmayne and Best Original Score for Jóhannsson . It received three Screen Actors Guild Awards nominations , winning one for the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role for Redmayne . It received 10 British Academy Film Awards nominations and won Outstanding British Film , Best Leading Actor ( for Redmayne ) and Best Adapted Screenplay ( for McCarten ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ec544881f97add4bc28563b11e130650", "text": "Blackway Blackway ( also known as Go With Me ) is a 2015 American thriller film directed by Daniel Alfredson and written by Joseph Gangemi and Gregory Jacobs , based on the 2008 novel Go with Me by Castle Freeman , Jr. . The film stars Anthony Hopkins , Julia Stiles , Ray Liotta , and Alexander Ludwig . Filming began on November 12 , 2014 , in Enderby , British Columbia . Although screened as Go with Me at the Venice Film Festival in 2015 , it was not released for public viewing in the U.S. until 10 June 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3ee84c8b50248e183659048a017318d5", "text": "Edmond (film) Edmond is a 2005 American drama film directed by Stuart Gordon and starring William H. Macy , based on the 1982 play Edmond by David Mamet . Mamet also wrote the screenplay for the film . Edmond features Julia Stiles , Rebecca Pidgeon , Denise Richards , Mena Suvari , Joe Mantegna , Bai Ling , Jeffrey Combs , Dylan Walsh and George Wendt in supporting roles . It was screened at several film festivals from September 2005 to May 2006 , and had a limited release on July 14 , 2006 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "87003a47360810806bd7a5e0034449a9", "text": "Glorious 39 Glorious 39 is a 2009 British war thriller film written and directed by Stephen Poliakoff . Starring Romola Garai , Bill Nighy , Julie Christie , Jeremy Northam , Christopher Lee , David Tennant , Jenny Agutter and Eddie Redmayne . The film was released on 20 November 2009 . On the eve of World War II , as the formidable Keyes family tries to uphold its traditional way of life , daughter Anne ( Garai ) sees her life dramatically unravel when she stumbles upon secret recordings of the pro-appeasement movement .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c481b95b1ef86ebfedd22adae9063438", "text": "Catch .44 Catch .44 is a 2011 American crime thriller film starring Forest Whitaker , Bruce Willis , Malin Åkerman , Nikki Reed , Deborah Ann Woll , and Brad Dourif . The film is written and directed by Aaron Harvey .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "da106573fbb7e2da01294c803954d891", "text": "Allied (film) Allied is a 2016 romantic thriller film directed by Robert Zemeckis and written by Steven Knight . It stars Brad Pitt as a Canadian intelligence officer and Marion Cotillard as a French Resistance fighter and collaborator , who fall in love during a mission in Casablanca . Jared Harris , Simon McBurney and Lizzy Caplan also star . Principal photography began in February 2016 in London . The film was released in the United States on November 23 , 2016 by Paramount Pictures , receiving mixed reviews from critics , although Pitt and particularly Cotillard 's performances were praised , and grossed $ 119 million worldwide . It received an Academy Award nomination for Best Costume Design .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9feead318225c150520ed4051b9fdfed", "text": "Julia Wong (film editor) Julia Wong is an American assistant/additional film editor for over a dozen films , such as Unfaithful ( 2002 ) , Honey ( 2003 ) , and After the Sunset ( 2004 ) . She has also branched out into editing TV series and made-for-television films such as The Pulse ( 2002 ) and Santa 's Slay ( 2005 ) . She also co-edited Brett Ratner 's film , X-Men : The Last Stand ( 2006 ) , with Mark Helfrich and Mark Goldblatt , for which they won a Satellite Award for Best Film Editing . In 2016 , she was invited into the Academy along with 683 new members in a push for more diversity .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f3f765f7399863633f272ee5512db60c", "text": "Immortal Clay Immortal Clay is the sixteenth episode of the second series of the 1960s cult British spy-fi television series The Avengers , starring Patrick Macnee and Honor Blackman . It originally aired on ABC on 13 January 1963 . The episode was directed by Richmond Harding and written by James Mitchell .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8d5421fa1fb49124f6a217b71b082496", "text": "The Things We Bury `` The Things We Bury '' is the eighth episode of the second season of the American television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. , based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D. ( Strategic Homeland Intervention , Enforcement and Logistics Division ) , revolving around the character of Phil Coulson and his team of S.H.I.E.L.D. agents as they search for a hidden alien city , and discover secrets about their enemies . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) , sharing continuity with the films of the franchise . The episode was written by DJ Doyle and directed by Milan Cheylov . Clark Gregg reprises his role as Coulson from the film series , and is joined by principal cast members Ming-Na Wen , Brett Dalton , Chloe Bennet , Iain De Caestecker , Elizabeth Henstridge , and Nick Blood . Hayley Atwell reprises her role from other MCU projects in flashbacks with connections to the television series Agent Carter and the films Captain America : The First Avenger and Captain America : The Winter Soldier . `` The Things We Bury '' originally aired on ABC on November 18 , 2014 , and according to Nielsen Media Research , was watched by 4.58 million viewers . The episode received a mostly positive critical response , with the episode 's flashback sequences , and the performance of MacLachlan , praised , but an issue of ` over-crowding ' of storylines was frequently brought up by critics .", "title": "" } ]	fever
d77a54457268d9adff440ef29a139dab	The Great Gatsby does not explore themes of idealism.	[ { "docid": "9d85779e1d1260da6a0c008e50d19d19", "text": "The Great Gatsby The Great Gatsby is a 1925 novel written by American author F. Scott Fitzgerald that follows a cast of characters living in the fictional town of West Egg on prosperous Long Island in the summer of 1922 . The story primarily concerns the young and mysterious millionaire Jay Gatsby and his quixotic passion and obsession for the beautiful former debutante Daisy Buchanan . Considered to be Fitzgerald 's magnum opus , The Great Gatsby explores themes of decadence , idealism , resistance to change , social upheaval , and excess , creating a portrait of the Jazz Age or the Roaring Twenties that has been described as a cautionary tale regarding the American Dream . Fitzgerald -- inspired by the parties he had attended while visiting Long Island 's north shore -- began planning the novel in 1923 , desiring to produce , in his words , `` something new -- something extraordinary and beautiful and simple and intricately patterned . '' Progress was slow , with Fitzgerald completing his first draft following a move to the French Riviera in 1924 . His editor , Maxwell Perkins , felt the book was vague and persuaded the author to revise over the next winter . Fitzgerald was repeatedly ambivalent about the book 's title and he considered a variety of alternatives , including titles that referenced the Roman character Trimalchio ; the title he was last documented to have desired was Under the Red , White , and Blue . First published by Scribner 's in April 1925 , The Great Gatsby received mixed reviews and sold poorly ; in its first year , the book sold only 20,000 copies . Fitzgerald died in 1940 , believing himself to be a failure and his work forgotten . However , the novel experienced a revival during World , and became a part of American high school curricula and numerous stage and film adaptations in the following decades . Today , The Great Gatsby is widely considered to be a literary classic and a contender for the title `` Great American Novel . '' In 1998 , the Modern Library editorial board voted it the 20th century 's best American novel and second best English-language novel of the same time period .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "1217514964c952852e6cd093dc28a967", "text": "Ideal (ethics) An ideal is a principle or value that one actively pursues as a goal , usually in the context of ethics . Ideals are particularly important in ethics , as the order in which one places them tends to determine the degree to which one reveals them as real and sincere . It is the application , in ethics , of a universal . It is roughly similar to the relative intrinsic values . Someone who claims to have an ideal of honesty but is willing to lie to protect a friend is demonstrating that not only does he hold friendship as an ideal , but , that it is a more important one than honesty . Thus ideals can be seen to be similar to values . However , the - ism of ideals is slightly contrasted with idealism ( which is the doctrine that ideas , or thought , make up either the whole or an indispensable aspect of any full reality , so that a world of material objects containing no thought either could not exist as it is experienced , or would not be fully `` real . '' )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bda35cfacb43d69518f1cd87c6c26f8c", "text": "The New World (newspaper) The New World was a weekly newspaper in New York City , New York , in the United States.The New World was published from October 1839 to 1845 by J. Winchester . The paper was founded and edited by Park Benjamin Sr. . It billed itself as an apolitical `` family newspaper '' , featuring British and American literature and religious discourses . The paper 's masthead reads : `` No pent-up Utica contracts our powers ; The whole unbounded Continent is ours ! , '' a quote originally attributed to Jonathan M. Sewall from his epilogue to Cato , a Tragedy in 1778 . Notable contributions include : Charles Dickens ' Barnaby Rudge , reprinted in 1841 in weekly installments after its original appearance in Master Humphrey 's Clock . Thomas Carlyle 's six-part lecture series On Heroes , Hero-Worship , and The Heroic in History , printed in 1841 . Thomas Moore 's `` Fifteen Songs , '' a collection of unpublished songs published in 1841 , which were later released in The Poetical Works of Thomas Moore . Anna Cora Mowatt 's complete play , Gulzara or The Persian Slave : 1 drama in Five Acts , in 1841 . E.P. Hurlbut 's `` The Rights of Woman , '' later published in his work , Essays on Human Rights and their Political Gauranties in 1845 . Hurlbut knew Elizabeth Cady Stanton and the Declaration of Sentiments from the Seneca Falls Convention in 1848 follows many of the examples set forth in `` The Rights of Woman . '' G.P.R. James ' complete novels , The Jacquerie and Morley Ernstein ; or , The Tenants of the Heart , both published in extra editions in 1842 . Sarah Stickney Ellis ' complete novel , Summer and Winter in the Pyrenees .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6e0cd7aa31da46095e447b273d932476", "text": "Aristopia Aristopia : A Romance-History of the New World is an 1895 utopian novel by Castello Holford , considered the first novel-length alternate history in English ( and among the earliest alternate histories in general ) . Though part of the major wave utopian and dystopian literature that distinguished the final decades of the nineteenth century , Holford 's book reverses the normal stance of utopian projection : instead of imagining a better society at a future time or in a far-off place , he supposes that the founding of the United States occurred under different conditions and follows its development forward to a superior society in his own day . In Aristopia ( Greek for `` the best place '' ) , Ralph Morton , an early settler in Virginia , discovers a reef made of solid gold . He cannily uses his wealth to build a planned society , based on the Utopia of Sir Thomas More , with innovations and adaptations of his own . In Aristopia , all the land is owned by the government , and only leased to businesses and private citizens . Large-scale trade is also monoplized by the state , and inherited wealth is limited . Morton welcomes productive refugees from European conflicts -- Huguenots , Irish fugitives from Cromwell 's wars , and northern Italian and Swiss artisans . The colony prospers , buys more land from the Indians , and spreads westward . Morton dies at the age of 100 ; his descendants and successors carry his policies forward . The Aristopians support the American Revolution , and on their own initiative conquer Canada . Aristopia comes to dominate the new nation , eventually ruling all of North America north of Mexico . Holford loads his description of Aristopia with satirical remedies for what he saw as contemporary problems and circumstances . In Aristopian jurisprudence , for example , the Court for Assessing the Value of Abstract Words and Phrases polices the language to prevent abuses ; it is the largest and busiest function in the Palace of Justice . The English playwright Henry Arthur Jones was taken with the idea of Aristopia , and used it in his own polemical writings , as in his `` The Tax-Wise Men of Aristopia '' and his My Dear Wells . Holford was not the first writer in English to employ the term `` Aristopia . '' The eighteenth-century freethinker John Fransham ( 1730 -- 1810 ) left a posthumous manuscript titled Memorablilia Classica , which contains a piece called `` The Code of Aristopia , or Scheme for a Perfect Government . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b8cdeaccd00bb2867e8043061d9f3211", "text": "Novel in Scotland The novel in Scotland includes all long prose fiction published in Scotland and by Scottish authors since the development of the literary format in the eighteenth century . The novel was soon a major element of Scottish literary and critical life . Tobias Smollett 's picaresque novels , such as The Adventures of Roderick Random and The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle mean that he is often seen as Scotland 's first novelist . Other Scots who contributed to the development of the novel in the eighteenth century include Henry Mackenzie and John Moore . There was a tradition of moral and domestic fiction in the early nineteenth century that included the work of Elizabeth Hamilton , Mary Brunton and Christian Johnstone . The outstanding literary figure of the early nineteenth century was Walter Scott , whose Waverley is often called the first historical novel . He had a major worldwide influence . His success led to a publishing boom in Scotland . Major figures that benefited included James Hogg , John Galt , John Gibson Lockhart , John Wilson and Susan Ferrier . In the mid-nineteenth century major literary figures that contributed to the development of the novel included David Macbeth Moir , John Stuart Blackie , William Edmondstoune Aytoun and Margaret Oliphant . In the late nineteenth century , a number of Scottish-born authors achieved international reputations , including Robert Louis Stevenson and Arthur Conan Doyle , whose Sherlock Holmes stories helped found the tradition of detective fiction . In the last two decades of the century the `` kailyard school '' ( cabbage patch ) depicted Scotland in a rural and nostalgic fashion , often seen as a `` failure of nerve '' in dealing with the rapid changes that had swept across Scotland in the industrial revolution . Figures associated with the movement include Ian Maclaren , S. R. Crockett and J. M. Barrie , best known for his creation of Peter Pan , which helped develop the genre of fantasy , as did the work of George MacDonald . Among the most important novels of the early twentieth century was The House with the Green Shutters by George Douglas Brown , which broke with the Kailyard tradition . John Buchan played a major role in the creation of the modern thriller with The Thirty-Nine Steps and Greenmantle . The Scottish literary Renaissance attempted to introduce modernism into art and create of a distinctive national literature . It increasingly focused on the novel . Major figures included Neil Gunn , George Blake , A. J. Cronin , Eric Linklater and Lewis Grassic Gibbon . There were also a large number of female authors associated with the movement , who included Catherine Carswell , Willa Muir , Nan Shepherd and Naomi Mitchison . Many major Scottish post-war novelists , such as Robin Jenkins , Jessie Kesson , Muriel Spark , Alexander Trocchi and James Kennaway spent most of their lives outside Scotland , but often dealt with Scottish themes . Successful mass-market works included the action novels of Alistair MacLean and the historical fiction of Dorothy Dunnett . A younger generation of novelists that emerged in the 1960s and 1970s included Allan Massie , Shena Mackay and Alan Spence . Working class identity continued to be explored by Archie Hind , Alan Sharp , George Friel and William McIlvanney . From the 1980s Scottish literature enjoyed another major revival , with figures including Alasdair Gray , James Kelman , Irvine Welsh , Alan Warner , Janice Galloway , A. L. Kennedy , Iain Banks , Candia McWilliam , Frank Kuppner and Andrew O'Hagan . In genre fiction Iain Banks , writing as Iain M. Banks , produced ground-breaking science fiction and Scottish crime fiction has been a major area of growth with the success of novelists including Frederic Lindsay , Quintin Jardine , Val McDermid , Denise Mina , Christopher Brookmyre , and particularly Ian Rankin and his Inspector Rebus novels . The most successful author of Scottish origins in recent years has been J. K. Rowling , author of the Harry Potter series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d42642f6b761dd6fbf11447f884d1d12", "text": "The Great Gatsby (1926 film) The Great Gatsby is a 1926 American silent drama film directed by Herbert Brenon . It is the first film adaptation of the 1925 novel of the same name by F. Scott Fitzgerald . Warner Baxter portrayed Jay Gatsby and Lois Wilson as Daisy Buchanan . The film was produced by Famous Players-Lasky , and distributed by Paramount Pictures . The Great Gatsby is now considered lost .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "37ff6ce7869b9dc048efb743de3737d4", "text": "Récit Récit is a term for a subgenre of the French novel , describing a work in which the narrative calls attention to itself . Literary critic Roger Shattuck explains , `` During a récit , we are conscious of being at one remove from the action ; the very act of narration interferes and calls attention to itself . '' Examples of the récit include works by Benjamin Constant and Eugene Fromentin , Andre Gide , Maurice Blanchot , and Michel Leiris . According to Shattuck , The discomfort of the narrator in confronting his own effort of composition ( by now it should be apparent that narrator and author become indistinguishable ) has been inherited as one of the principal features of the recit . Critic Geoffrey Hartman describes the récit as `` a confessional narrative , a kind of dramatic monologue in prose ... '' Daniel Just writes of an ambiguity in the nature of the récit : For literary critics , the récit as a category became ... elusive -- at once too broad and too specific . Meaning a `` narrative '' in general , récit has been used as an indefinite notion embracing many prose genres , to the point when it ceases to be clear if it does not coincide with narrative literature as such . At the same time , it has also served to identify a stylistic specificity found in the select works of only a few writers . This latter use finds perhaps its most exemplary illustrations in André Gide 's L'Immoraliste and Albert Camus 's La Chute . Gide , in particular , was quite meticulous in differentiating between his novels and their complex view of life , and his récits that portray life from a single perspective . Blanchot 's insistence on the difference between the novel and the récit is equally scrupulous , but for other reasons . His emphasis on a strong generic meaning of the term récit -- which is evident in spite of the semantic overload this notion sometimes undergoes in his theoretical texts -- has nothing to do with the number of points of view represented in the story . For Blanchot , the récit is a distinct literary form whose uniqueness resides in its not merely stylistic but `` essential '' difference from the genre of the novel . Maurice Blanchot describes the récit as follows : If we regard the récit as the true telling of an exceptional event which has taken place and which someone is trying to report , then we have not even come close to sensing the true nature of the récit . The récit is not the narration of an event , but the event itself , the approach to that event , the place where that event is made to happen-an event which is yet to come and through whose power of attraction the récit can come into being , too .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c101c419b742666d0f8fe7229c0a23b6", "text": "American poetry american ' poetry '' ' , the poetry of the United States , arose first as efforts by colonists to add their voices to English poetry in the 17th century , well before the constitutional unification of the thirteen colonies ( although before this unification , a strong oral tradition often likened to poetry existed among Native American societies ) . Unsurprisingly , most of the early colonists ' work relied on contemporary British models of poetic form , diction , and theme . However , in the 19th century , a distinctive American idiom began to emerge . By the later part of that century , when Walt Whitman was winning an enthusiastic audience abroad , poets from the United States had begun to take their place at the forefront of the English-language avant-garde '' . The history of American poetry is not easy to know . Much of the American poetry published between 1910 and 1945 remains lost in the pages of small circulation political periodicals , particularly the ones on the far left , destroyed by librarians during the 1950s McCarthy era . The received narrative of Modernism proposes that Ezra Pound and T. S. Eliot were perhaps the most influential modernist English-language poets in the period during World War I . But this narrative leaves out African American and women poets who were published and read widely in the first half of the twentieth century . By the 1960s , the young poets of the British Poetry Revival looked to their American contemporaries and predecessors as models for the kind of poetry they wanted to write . Toward the end of the millennium , consideration of American poetry had diversified , as scholars placed an increased emphasis on poetry by women , African Americans , Hispanics , Chicanos and other cultural groupings .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "36ecd8b07a965260a2ce16a27fc0f1ef", "text": "Great Transition The Great Transition is a term used by the Global Scenario Group ( GSG ) to describe a vision of a just and sustainable global future . The term was originally used by Kenneth E. Boulding in The Meaning of the 20th Century -- The Great Transition ( 1964 ) , considered a hallmark conception of systems thinking and the shift from pre-modern to post-modern culture and the four possible courses of action that will allow humanity to successful journey the Great Transition . The elements of the Great Transition vision include egalitarian social and ecological values , increased human interconnectedness , improved quality of life , and a healthy planet , as well as an absence of poverty , war , and environmental destruction . The Great Transition concept has been adopted by numerous individuals and organizations in the sustainability sphere , most notably by Prime Minister of Bhutan Jigme Thinley , the New Economics Foundation , and the Capital Institute , and it was used as a major theme for the 2011 SmartCSOs conference on strategies for Civil Society Organisations in London .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "14d4e859c9a782066a8c84ea32337595", "text": "On the Jewish Question `` On the Jewish Question '' is a work by Karl Marx , written in 1843 , and first published in Paris in 1844 under the German title `` Zur Judenfrage '' in the Deutsch -- Französische Jahrbücher . It was one of Marx 's first attempts to develop what would later be called the materialist conception of history . The essay criticizes two studies by Marx 's fellow Young Hegelian Bruno Bauer on the attempt by Jews to achieve political emancipation in Prussia . Bauer argued that Jews could achieve political emancipation only by relinquishing their particular religious consciousness , since political emancipation requires a secular state , which he assumes does not leave any `` space '' for social identities such as religion . According to Bauer , such religious demands are incompatible with the idea of the `` Rights of Man '' . True political emancipation , for Bauer , requires the abolition of religion . Marx uses Bauer 's essay as an occasion for his own analysis of liberal rights , arguing that Bauer is mistaken in his assumption that in a `` secular state '' religion will no longer play a prominent role in social life , and giving as an example the pervasiveness of religion in the United States , which , unlike Prussia , had no state religion . In Marx 's analysis , the `` secular state '' is not opposed to religion , but rather actually presupposes it . The removal of religious or property qualifications for citizens does not mean the abolition of religion or property , but only introduces a way of regarding individuals in abstraction from them . On this note Marx moves beyond the question of religious freedom to his real concern with Bauer 's analysis of `` political emancipation '' . Marx concludes that while individuals can be `` spiritually '' and `` politically '' free in a secular state , they can still be bound to material constraints on freedom by economic inequality , an assumption that would later form the basis of his critiques of capitalism . A number of scholars and commentators regard `` On the Jewish Question '' , and in particular its second section , which addresses Bauer 's work `` The Capacity of Present-day Jews and Christians to Become Free '' , as antisemitic ; however , a number of others disagree .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "589d9f7a6afc3708d11fad4583bbc0b0", "text": "Utopian and dystopian fiction The utopia and its derivative , the dystopia , are genres of literature that explore social and political structures . Utopian fiction portrays a setting that agrees with the author 's ethos , having various attributes of another reality intended to appeal to readers . Dystopian ( or dystopic ) fiction ( sometimes combined with , but distinct from apocalyptic literature ) is the opposite : the portrayal of a setting that completely disagrees with the author 's ethos . Many novels combine both , often as a metaphor for the different directions humanity can take , depending on its choices , ending up with one of two possible futures . Both utopias and dystopias are commonly found in science fiction and other speculative fiction genres , and arguably are by definition a type of speculative fiction . More than 400 utopian works were published prior to the year 1900 in the English language alone , with more than a thousand others during the twentieth century .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8276569f80d187d88fc62b671a234f29", "text": "Green World Green World is a literary concept defined by critic Northrop Frye in The Anatomy of Criticism . In some comedies by William Shakespeare , the main characters escape the order of a city for a forested and wild setting adjacent to the city . This natural environment is often described as a green world . It is in this more loosely structured , fantastic environment that issues surrounding social order , romantic relationships , and inter-generational strife , which are a prominent part of the `` city world '' , become resolved , facilitating a return to the normal order . Recent literary critics drawn to ecocriticism have occasionally found the concept valuable to their work as well .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9d5f20bd463260f19b73e74012ae875a", "text": "Libertarian science fiction Libertarian science fiction is a subgenre of science fiction that focuses on the politics and social order implied by libertarian philosophies with an emphasis on individualism and private ownership of the means of production -- and in some cases , no state whatsoever . As a category , libertarian fiction is unusual because the vast majority of its authors are self-identified as science fiction authors . This contrasts with the authors of much other social criticism who are largely academic or mainstream novelists who tend to dismiss any genre classification . The identification between libertarianism and science fiction is so strong that the U.S. Libertarian Party often has representatives at science fiction conventions and one of the highest profile authors currently in the subgenre of libertarian science fiction , L. Neil Smith , was the Arizona Libertarian Party 's 2000 candidate for the President of the United States . As a genre , it can be seen as growing out of the 1930s and 1940s when the science-fiction pulp magazines were reaching their peak at the same time as fascism and communism . While this environment gave rise to dystopian novels such as George Orwell 's Nineteen Eighty-Four , in the pulps , this influence more often give rise to speculations about societies ( or sub-groups ) arising in direct opposition to `` totalitarianism . '' Ayn Rand 's novel Atlas Shrugged is a strong ( perhaps the strongest ) influence with an anti-socialist attitude and an individualist ethic that echoes throughout the genre . Of more direct relevance to the science fiction end of this genre is Robert A. Heinlein 's The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress , which is highly regarded even by non-libertarian science fiction readers . An award for libertarian science fiction , the Prometheus Award , is given out every year . Some winners of the award identify as libertarians ( e.g. , L. Neil Smith , Victor Koman , Brad Linaweaver ) , while others do not ( Terry Pratchett , Charles Stross ) . Some other prominent libertarian science fiction authors include S. Andrew Swann and Michael Z. Williamson .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b4cb678336f7ec59dc9a86dedd4df9de", "text": "Irving Babbitt Irving Babbitt ( August 2 , 1865 -- July 15 , 1933 ) was an American academic and literary critic , noted for his founding role in a movement that became known as the New Humanism , a significant influence on literary discussion and conservative thought in the period between 1910 and 1930 . He was a cultural critic in the tradition of Matthew Arnold and a consistent opponent of romanticism , as represented by the writings of Jean-Jacques Rousseau . Politically he can , without serious distortion , be called a follower of Aristotle and Edmund Burke . He was an advocate of classical humanism but also offered an ecumenical defense of religion . His humanism implied a broad knowledge of various moral and religious traditions . His book Democracy and Leadership ( 1924 ) , is regarded as a classic text of political conservatism . Babbitt is regarded as a major influence over American cultural and political conservatism .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "87dbe4eb8f81f04370cb22ca4fc68724", "text": "Eureka: A Prose Poem Eureka ( 1848 ) is a lengthy non-fiction work by American author Edgar Allan Poe ( 1809 -- 1849 ) which he subtitled `` A Prose Poem '' , though it has also been subtitled as `` An Essay on the Material and Spiritual Universe '' . Adapted from a lecture he had presented , Eureka describes Poe 's intuitive conception of the nature of the universe with no antecedent scientific work done to reach his conclusions . He also discusses man 's relationship with God , whom he compares to an author . It is dedicated to the German naturalist and explorer Alexander von Humboldt ( 1769 -- 1859 ) . Though it is generally considered a literary work , some of Poe 's ideas anticipate 20th century scientific discoveries and theories . Indeed a critical analysis of the scientific content of Eureka reveals a non-causal correspondence with modern cosmology due to the assumption of an evolving Universe , but excludes the anachronistic anticipation of relativistic concepts such as black holes . Eureka was received poorly in Poe 's day and generally described as absurd , even by friends . Modern critics continue to debate the significance of Eureka and some doubt its seriousness , in part because of Poe 's many incorrect assumptions and his comedic descriptions of well-known historical minds . It is presented as a poem , and many compare it with his fiction work , especially science fiction stories such as `` The Facts in the Case of M. Valdemar '' . His attempts at discovering the truth also follow his own tradition of `` ratiocination '' , a term used in his detective fiction tales . Poe 's suggestion that the soul continues to thrive even after death also parallels with works in which characters reappear from beyond the grave such as `` Ligeia '' . The essay is oddly transcendental , considering Poe 's disdain for that movement . He considered it his greatest work and claimed it was more important than the discovery of gravity .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "076230289b774337ed11873e4ea77892", "text": "Cultural radicalism Cultural radicalism ( Danish : Kulturradikalisme ) was a movement in first Danish , but later also Norwegian culture . It was particular strong in the Interwar Period , but its philosophy has its origin in the 1870s and a great deal of modern social commentary still refer to it . At the time of the height of the cultural radical movement it was referred to as modern . The words cultural radical and cultural radicalism was first used in an essay by Elias Bredsdorff in the broadsheet newspaper , Politiken , in 1956 . Bredsdorff described cultural radicals as people who are socially responsible with an international outlook . Cultural radicalism has usually been described as the heritage of Georg Brandes 's Modern Breakthrough , the foundation and early editorials of the newspaper Politiken , the foundation of the political party Radikale Venstre , to the magazine Kritisk Revy by Poul Henningsen ( PH ) . By opponents of cultural radicalism though , it often simply refers to the liberal intellectual elite . The values most commonly associated with cultural radicalism are among others : criticism of religion , opposition to social norms , criticism of Victorian sexual morality , anti-militarism and an openness to new cultural input other than the classic western ( e.g. jazz , modern architecture , art , literature and theater ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ad47dc43670072898442977a55502324", "text": "Character (arts) A character ( sometimes known as a fictional character ) is a person or other being in a narrative work of art ( such as a novel , play , television series , or film ) . The character may be entirely fictional or based on a real-life person , in which case the distinction of a `` fictional '' versus `` real '' character may be made . Derived from the ancient Greek word χαρακτήρ , the English word dates from the Restoration , although it became widely used after its appearance in Tom Jones in 1749 . From this , the sense of `` a part played by an actor '' developed . Character , particularly when enacted by an actor in the theatre or cinema , involves `` the illusion of being a human person . '' In literature , characters guide readers through their stories , helping them to understand plots and ponder themes . Since the end of the 18th century , the phrase `` in character '' has been used to describe an effective impersonation by an actor . Since the 19th century , the art of creating characters , as practiced by actors or writers , has been called characterisation . A character who stands as a representative of a particular class or group of people is known as a type . Types include both stock characters and those that are more fully individualised . The characters in Henrik Ibsen 's Hedda Gabler ( 1891 ) and August Strindberg 's Miss Julie ( 1888 ) , for example , are representative of specific positions in the social relations of class and gender , such that the conflicts between the characters reveal ideological conflicts . The study of a character requires an analysis of its relations with all of the other characters in the work . The individual status of a character is defined through the network of oppositions ( proairetic , pragmatic , linguistic , proxemic ) that it forms with the other characters . The relation between characters and the action of the story shifts historically , often miming shifts in society and its ideas about human individuality , self-determination , and the social order .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9affe046dab904020747d9f5494e22ba", "text": "Theme (narrative) In contemporary literary studies , a theme is the central topic a text treats . Themes can be divided into two categories : a work 's thematic concept is what readers `` think the work is about '' and its thematic statement being `` what the work says about the subject '' . The most common contemporary understanding of theme is an idea or point that is central to a story , which can often be summed in a single word ( e.g. love , death , betrayal ) . Typical examples of themes of this type are conflict between the individual and society ; coming of age ; humans in conflict with technology ; nostalgia ; and the dangers of unchecked ambition . A theme may be exemplified by the actions , utterances , or thoughts of a character in a novel . An example of this would be the thematic idea of loneliness in John Steinbeck 's Of Mice and Men , wherein many of the characters seem to be lonely . It may differ from the thesis -- the text 's or author 's implied worldview . A story may have several themes . Themes often explore historically common or cross-culturally recognizable ideas , such as ethical questions , and are usually implied rather than stated explicitly . An example of this would be whether one should live a seemingly better life , at the price of giving up parts of one 's humanity , which is a theme in Aldous Huxley 's Brave New World . Along with plot , character , setting , and style , theme is considered one of the components of fiction .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "01f1edd549c69eaded53194c7337eeb3", "text": "Idealism (Christian eschatology) Idealism ( also called the spiritual approach , the allegorical approach , the nonliteral approach , and many other names ) in Christian eschatology is an interpretation of the Book of Revelation that sees all of the imagery of the book as symbols . Jacob Taubes writes that idealist eschatology came about as Renaissance thinkers began to doubt that the Kingdom of Heaven had been established on earth , or would be established , but still believed in its establishment . Rather than the Kingdom of Heaven being present in society , it is established subjectively for the individual . F. D. Maurice interpreted the Kingdom of Heaven idealistically as a symbol representing society 's general improvement , instead of a physical and political kingdom . Karl Barth interprets eschatology as representing existential truths that bring the individual hope , rather than history or future-history . Barth 's ideas provided fuel for the Social Gospel philosophy in America , which saw social change not as performing `` required '' good works , but because the individuals involved felt that Christians could not simply ignore society 's problems with future dreams . Different authors have suggested that the Beast represents various social injustices , such as exploitation of workers , wealth , the elite , commerce , materialism , and imperialism . Various Christian anarchists , such as Jacques Ellul , have identified the State and political power as the Beast . It is distinct from Preterism , Futurism and Historicism in that it does not see any of the prophecies ( except in some cases the Second Coming , and Final Judgment ) as being fulfilled in a literal , physical , earthly sense either in the past , present or future , and that to interpret the eschatological portions of the Bible in a historical or future-historical fashion is an erroneous understanding .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e67aaa4f6a89fbf3fed7fbc1599522e9", "text": "The Temptations of Jean-Claude Killy `` The Temptations of Jean-Claude Killy '' is an article published in the premiere issue of Scanlan 's Monthly in March 1970 , written by Hunter S. Thompson . The subject of the article is Jean-Claude Killy , the alpine skiing champion who , in the 1968 Winter Olympics , became the second alpine skier ever to win three gold medals in a single olympic games . By the time of the article Killy , then 26 , was retired from skiing and had embarked on the next phase of his career -- endorsements . Thompson 's article follows Killy around the United States during his marketing tour for the Chevrolet automotive company . As he attends automotive shows , holds press conferences , and makes appearances for television ( all in conjunction with fellow Chevrolet spokesman , O.J. Simpson ) Thompson chronicles the newly flush world of celebrity sports endorsements . Though endorsement by a sports figure was not an entirely new concept , the world-wide magnitude of Killy 's stardom made his Chevrolet contract something of a fascination for Thompson . The article 's focus on the relative depths of the new pitch-man status obtained by Killy so shortly after the incredible heights he had achieved develops through acerbic descriptions of the settings Killy finds himself in , the automotive executives that profit by him , and the fans and onlookers who make him such a valuable spokesman . Through it all , Killy 's focus on his own enormous profit is a source of worry to Thompson . The trend he sees developing is one of larger-than-life stars -- athletes of the highest physical standards who have achieved feats unimaginable by normal people -- demeaning themselves and their accomplishments by agreeing to shill for a few extra dollars . An enormous sports fan himself , Thompson is distraught by this turn of events and wonders that Killy was never quite sure `` why I was embarrassed for him in those scenes . '' Thompson compares Killy to F. Scott Fitzgerald 's Gatsby : although , unlike that character , Killy 's dollars are earned honestly , the author concludes while watching Killy 's selling of himself that `` nothing in his narrow , high-powered experience can allow him to understand how I can watch his act and say that it looks , to me , like a very hard dollar -- maybe the hardest . '' The article was later included in Thompson 's collection The Great Shark Hunt ( 1979 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ec69f76f862c9b38e890e8e962e56ca", "text": "Modern liberalism in the United States Modern American liberalism is the dominant version of liberalism in the United States . It is characterized by social liberalism , and combines ideas of civil liberty and equality with support for social justice and a mixed economy . The term `` modern liberalism '' in this article refers only to the United States . In a global context , this philosophy is usually referred to as social liberalism . The American modern liberal philosophy strongly endorses public spending on programs such as education , health care , and welfare . Important social issues today include addressing inequality , voting rights for minorities , affirmative action , reproductive and other women 's rights , support for LGBT rights , and immigration reform . Modern liberalism took shape during the twentieth century , with roots in Theodore Roosevelt 's New Nationalism , Woodrow Wilson 's New Freedom , Franklin D. Roosevelt 's New Deal , Harry S. Truman 's Fair Deal , John F. Kennedy 's New Frontier , and Lyndon B. Johnson 's Great Society . American liberals oppose conservatives on most issues , but not all . Modern liberalism is historically related to social liberalism and progressivism , though the current relationship between liberal and progressive viewpoints is debated . John F. Kennedy defined a liberal as follows : Franklin Delano Roosevelt in 1941 defined a liberal party as one , Keynesian economic theory has played an important role in the economic philosophy of modern American liberals . Modern American liberals generally believe that national prosperity requires government management of the macroeconomy , in order to keep unemployment low , inflation in check , and growth high . They also value institutions that defend against economic inequality . In The Conscience of a Liberal Paul Krugman writes : `` I believe in a relatively equal society , supported by institutions that limit extremes of wealth and poverty . I believe in democracy , civil liberties , and the rule of law . That makes me a liberal , and I 'm proud of it . '' Liberals often point to the widespread prosperity enjoyed under a mixed economy in the years since World War II . They believe liberty exists when access to necessities like health care and economic opportunity are available to all , and they champion the protection of the environment . Modern American liberalism is typically associated with the Democratic Party , as modern American conservatism is typically associated with the Republican Party .", "title": "" } ]	fever
7b847133c5cc8063f2dc5d75be2605b8	Paul Simon is a singer-songwriter.	[ { "docid": "3317152988655e2c75fffceadc3188a3", "text": "Bridge over Troubled Water (song) `` Bridge over Troubled Water '' is a song by American music duo Simon & Garfunkel . Produced by the duo and Roy Halee , the song was released as the follow-up single to `` The Boxer '' in January 1970 . The song is featured on their fifth studio album , Bridge over Troubled Water ( 1970 ) . Composed by singer-songwriter Paul Simon , the song is performed on piano and carries the influence of gospel music . The original studio recording employs elements of Phil Spector 's `` Wall of Sound '' technique using L.A. session musicians from the Wrecking Crew . It was the last song recorded for their fifth and final album , but the first fully completed . The song 's instrumentation was recorded in California while the duo 's vocals were cut in New York . Simon felt his partner , Art Garfunkel , should sing the song solo , an invitation Garfunkel initially declined . Session musician Larry Knechtel performs piano on the song , with Joe Osborn playing bass guitar and Hal Blaine closing out the song with drums . The song won five awards at the 13th Annual Grammy Awards in 1971 , including Grammy Award for Record of the Year and Song of the Year . The song became Simon & Garfunkel 's biggest hit single , and it is often considered their signature song . It was a number one hit on the Billboard Hot 100 for six weeks , and it also topped the charts in the United Kingdom , Canada , France , and New Zealand . It was a top five hit in eight other countries as well , eventually selling over six million copies worldwide , making it among the best-selling singles . It became one of the most performed songs of the twentieth century , with over 50 artists , among them Elvis Presley and Aretha Franklin , covering the song . It was ranked number 48 on Rolling Stone 's 500 Greatest Songs of All Time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "32b31296854b47a90b4ae935fbbdeb55", "text": "Paul Simon Paul Frederic Simon ( born October 13 , 1941 ) is an American musician , singer-songwriter and actor . Simon 's fame , influence , and commercial success began as part of the duo Simon & Garfunkel , formed in 1964 with musical partner Art Garfunkel . Simon wrote nearly all of the pair 's songs , including three that reached No. 1 on the U.S. singles charts : `` The Sound of Silence '' , `` Mrs. Robinson '' , and `` Bridge over Troubled Water '' . The duo split up in 1970 at the height of their popularity and Simon began a successful solo career as a guitarist and singer-songwriter , recording three highly acclaimed albums over the next five years . In 1986 , he released Graceland , an album inspired by South African township music , which sold 14 million copies worldwide on its release and remains his most popular solo work . Simon also wrote and starred in the film One-Trick Pony ( 1980 ) and co-wrote the Broadway musical The Capeman ( 1998 ) with the poet Derek Walcott . On June 3 , 2016 , Simon released his 13th solo album , titled Stranger to Stranger , which debuted at No. 1 on the Billboard Album Chart and the UK charts . Simon has earned sixteen Grammys for his solo and collaborative work , including three for Album of the Year ( Bridge Over Troubled Water , Still Crazy After All These Years , Graceland ) , and a Lifetime Achievement Award . In 2001 , he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and in 2006 was selected as one of the `` 100 People Who Shaped the World '' by Time magazine . In 2011 , Rolling Stone magazine named Simon as one of the 100 Greatest Guitarists . In 2015 , he was named as one of the 100 Greatest Songwriters by Rolling Stone . Among many other honors , Simon was the first recipient of the Library of Congress 's Gershwin Prize for Popular Song in 2007 . In 1986 , Simon was awarded an Honorary Doctor of Music degree from Berklee College of Music , where he currently serves on the Board of Trustees .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "129ed337da1a5d126673c26a0815ee8b", "text": "Simon & Garfunkel Simon & Garfunkel were an American folk rock duo consisting of singer-songwriter Paul Simon and singer Art Garfunkel . They were one of the best-selling music groups of the 1960s and became counterculture icons of the decade 's social revolution , alongside artists such as the Beatles , the Beach Boys , and Bob Dylan . Their biggest hits -- including `` The Sound of Silence '' ( 1964 ) , `` Mrs. Robinson '' ( 1968 ) , `` Bridge over Troubled Water '' ( 1969 ) , and `` The Boxer '' ( 1969 ) -- reached number one on singles charts worldwide . Their often rocky relationship led to artistic disagreements , which resulted in their breakup in 1970 . Their final studio record , Bridge over Troubled Water ( released in January of that year ) , was their most successful , becoming one of the world 's best-selling albums . Since their split in 1970 they have reunited several times , most famously in 1981 for , `` The Concert in Central Park '' , which attracted more than 500,000 people , the seventh-largest concert attendance in history . The duo met as children in Queens , New York , in 1953 , where they learned to harmonize together and began writing original material . By 1957 , under the name Tom & Jerry , the teenagers had their first minor success with `` Hey Schoolgirl '' , a song imitating their idols The Everly Brothers . Afterwards , the duo went their separate ways , with Simon making unsuccessful solo records . In 1963 , aware of a growing public interest in folk music , they regrouped and were signed to Columbia Records as Simon & Garfunkel . Their début , Wednesday Morning , 3 A.M. , sold poorly , and they once again disbanded ; Simon returned to a solo career , this time in England . In June 1965 , their song `` The Sound of Silence '' was overdubbed , adding electric guitar and a drumkit to the original 1964 recording . This later version became a major U.S. AM radio hit in 1965 , reaching number one on the Billboard Hot 100 . They reunited and releasing their second studio album Sounds of Silence and touring colleges nationwide . On their third release , Parsley , Sage , Rosemary and Thyme ( 1966 ) , the duo assumed more creative control . Their music was featured in the 1967 film The Graduate , giving them further exposure . Bookends ( 1968 ) , their next album , topped the Billboard 200 chart and included the number-one single `` Mrs. Robinson '' from the film . After their 1970 breakup following the release of Bridge over Troubled Water , they both continued recording , Simon releasing a number of highly acclaimed albums , including 1986 's Graceland . Garfunkel also briefly pursued an acting career , with leading roles in two Mike Nichols films , Catch-22 and Carnal Knowledge , and in Nicolas Roeg 's 1980 Bad Timing , as well as releasing some solo hits such as `` All I Know '' . Simon & Garfunkel won 10 Grammy Awards and were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1990 , and their Bridge over Troubled Water album was nominated at the 1977 Brit Awards for Best International Album . It is ranked at number 51 on Rolling Stone 's 500 Greatest Albums of All Time . Richie Unterberger described them as `` the most successful folk-rock duo of the 1960s '' and one of the most popular artists from the decade in general .", "title": "" } ]	[ { "docid": "7a4613f90ea50f7bd57b14fd18d290a7", "text": "Paul Rodgers Paul Bernard Rodgers ( born 17 December 1949 ) is an English singer , songwriter and musician , best known for his success in the 1960s and 1970s as vocalist of Free and Bad Company . He now lives in Canada as a naturalized Canadian citizen . After stints in two less successful bands in the 1980s and early 1990s , The Firm and The Law , he became a solo artist . He has more recently toured and recorded with Queen . Rodgers has been dubbed `` The Voice '' by his fans . A poll in Rolling Stone magazine ranked him number 55 on its list of the `` 100 Greatest Singers of All Time '' . In 2011 Rodgers received the British Academy 's Ivor Novello Award for Outstanding Contribution to British Music . Rodgers has been cited as a significant influence on a number of notable rock singers , including David Coverdale , John Waite , Steve Overland , Lou Gramm , Jimi Jamison , Eric Martin , Steve Walsh , Joe Lynn Turner , Paul Young , Bruce Dickinson , Robin McAuley , Jimmy Barnes , Richie Kotzen . Joe Bonamassa , and the late Ronnie Van Zant . In 1991 , John Mellencamp called Rodgers `` the best rock singer ever '' . Freddie Mercury , the original Queen vocalist , in particular liked Rodgers and his aggressive style .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd134f0859446b96f9355c5e2f7a44ab", "text": "More Modern Classics More Modern Classics is a compilation album of music by English singer-songwriter Paul Weller , originally released in 2014 . The album was released in three versions : 1 disc CD compilation , a vinyl edition and a 3 disc CD `` deluxe '' edition .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a9885a8c3977ef36f75e9c2a16897e08", "text": "American Tune `` American Tune '' is a song by the American singer-songwriter Paul Simon . It was the third single from his third studio album , There Goes Rhymin ' Simon ( 1973 ) , released on Columbia Records . The song , a meditation on the American experience , is based on a melody line from a chorale from Johann Sebastian Bach 's St Matthew Passion . The song reached number 35 on the Billboard Hot 100 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1a8356b820934414b69d795d29864851", "text": "Paul Heaton Paul David Heaton ( born 9 May 1962 ) is an English singer-songwriter . Heaton was a member of The Housemartins , who had success with the singles `` Happy Hour '' and the number-one `` Caravan of Love '' in 1986 before disbanding in 1988 . He then formed The Beautiful South , whose debut single and album was released in 1989 to commercial success and continued with a series of hits throughout the 1990s , including the number-one single `` A Little Time '' . They disbanded in 2007 . He subsequently pursued a solo career , which produced three albums , and in 2014 he released What Have We Become ? , a well-received collaboration with former Beautiful South vocalist Jacqui Abbott . In 2015 he released another album with her , Wisdom , Laughter and Lines . The British newspaper The Guardian has described Heaton as `` one of our finest songwriters : his music reveals an exuberant ear for melody , his lyrics a keen eye and a brilliant wit '' . AllMusic said : `` The warm , mellifluous voice of Paul Heaton often masks the jagged satirical content of his lyrics . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "301cb3947d13ca9447bdd8ca08d2c00e", "text": "Infinity Records Infinity Records was a short-lived subsidiary of MCA Records established in New York City in 1978 . The label was conceived by MCA president Sidney Sheinberg as a way for the Los Angeles-based entertainment conglomerate to improve its presence on the East Coast . Ron Alexenberg , who had previously been the head of the Epic Records division of CBS Records ( now part of Sony Music Entertainment ) was hired as CEO . The biggest hit the Infinity label had was `` Escape '' by Rupert Holmes , which was number 1 at the end of 1979 . Other acts that had chart entries on Infinity included Dobie Gray , Hot Chocolate , New England , Orleans and Spyro Gyra . Under the distribution of MCA , the Infinity Records label released titles in the US , Canada , the UK , Japan and parts of Europe . Infinity spent lavishly but failed to earn a profit . In addition to developing new talent , Infinity also paid substantial sums to acquire established artists . Most of the established artists were unable to duplicate their previous success . In October 1979 , Infinity released Pope John Paul II Sings at the Festival of Sacrosong , an album of speeches and songs sung by Pope John Paul II in his native Polish . Due to the tremendous popularity of the new Pope , Infinity thought the record would be a major hit . The company paid a substantial fee ( which went to charity ) to the Catholic Church to obtain exclusive rights to the recording . The album briefly peaked at # 126 on the Billboard 200 albums chart , however , it received poor reviews and was quickly seen as a colossal failure . Most of the one million advance copies of the John Paul II album were returned unsold to the label , producing a huge financial loss . MCA pulled the plug on Infinity Records in November 1979 , and the Infinity catalog was immediately absorbed by the parent company . Rupert Holmes and Spyro Gyra were the only Infinity acts to be retained by MCA , and most of the label 's catalog went out of print . The collapse of Infinity also coincided with rising costs of manufacturing for vinyl LP records and a huge sales slump for the music industry . Infinity has since become known as one of the most expensive failures in the history of the record business . There are at least two other smaller record labels that also have used the name Infinity Records . One of these other labels was a subsidiary of Festival Records , which for many years was Australia 's leading independent record company , but is now also defunct . Other companies with the Infinity Records name do not have an affiliation with MCA .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "31e0c2902da52dd1f923e4530182e88b", "text": "Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Christian Music Performance/Song The Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Christian Music Performance/Song was a new category at the 2015 ceremony of the annual Grammy Awards . It combines two previously separate categories in the Gospel/Contemporary Christian Music field , Best Contemporary Christian Music Song and Best Gospel/Contemporary Christian Music Performance . The new category recognizes both songwriters and performers ( solo/duos/groups / collaborations/etc . ) and is open for singles or tracks only . Songwriters are only awarded a Grammy Award if it is a newly written song . Grammy 's for cover versions of previously recorded songs are awarded to the performer ( s ) only . Along with the also newly formed Best Gospel Performance/Song category , these mark the only Grammy categories which honor both performers and songwriters in one category . These changes were made in June 2014 by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences `` in the interest of clarifying the criteria , representing the current culture and creative DNA of the gospel and Contemporary Christian Music communities , and better reflecting the diversity and authenticity of today 's gospel music industry . '' According to the Grammy committee , the move recognizes `` the critical contribution of both songwriters and performers by combining songwriters and artists into the Best Gospel Performance/Song and Best Contemporary Christian Music Performance/Song categories . '' Gospel performances , which were previously recognized in the Best Gospel/Contemporary Christian Music Performance category , will now fall under the newly created Best Gospel Performance/Song category .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ca2003098706488cbe11fae41b47d4c0", "text": "Paul Drane Paul Drane is an Australian television producer-director . He was initially known as studio director of the Australian TV pop show Countdown from 1975 to 1977 . During this period , he directed several music videos ( promotional film clips ) made especially for Countdown , including the original clips for the AC/DC hits `` It 's a Long Way to the Top '' and `` Jailbreak '' . His innovative and award-winning Countdown video for Supernaut 's `` I Like It Both Ways '' gave viewers an early taste of visual effects in music videos . These were achieved without the benefit of ( yet to be invented ) high end CGI , but improvised with clever use of video feed-back by pointing the cameras at monitors to create wildly looping , distortion effects . With its blend of live action and 2D visual imagery , the award-winning video was an early glimpse of the rapid advances that lay ahead . In addition to the Countdown live performances , Drane independently produced and directed many Australian music videos during the 70s ( Skyhooks , John Paul Young , Cold Chisel , Little River Band , Marcia Hines ) and full concerts from local and international artists . In 1978 he produced and directed the independent music documentary , ` Australian Music to the World ' , based on the original radio series by Vince Lovegrove . Filmed worldwide , the program featured interviews and performances by artists including AC/DC ( live in Atlanta ) , Peter Allen , Helen Reddy and Little River Band . The following year Drane produced and directed the documentary special ` The Prophecies of Nostradamus ' for Australian television network Seven . Hosted by actor , John Waters , the program set a ratings record , with unprecedented reaction the following day , prompting the network to schedule a repeat run two weeks later . This program was sold to Warner Bros in the United States in 1980 . Repackaged for worldwide release , it was hosted by Orson Welles and titled ` The Man Who Saw Tomorrow ' . Throughout his lengthy career Paul Drane has maintained his passion for music , and in particular live music on television . This has given rise to classic televised concerts from artists including Split Enz , INXS , and Paul Kelly , and iconic musical moments such as Stevie Wright 's ` Evie ' at the Sydney Opera House . Since 2005 Drane has directed RocKwiz for SBS One and continues to make music videos and television content .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1847d240e0c4e71bf5e0884ade073fdc", "text": "Maybe I'm Amazed `` Maybe I 'm Amazed '' is a song written by Paul McCartney that was first released on his 1970 album McCartney . McCartney dedicated the song to his wife , Linda , who had helped him get through the break-up of the Beatles . Although the original recording has never been released as a single , a live performance by McCartney 's later band Wings , from the live album Wings over America , was . This version became a top-ten hit in the United States and reached number 28 in the United Kingdom . In 2011 , Rolling Stone magazine ranked `` Maybe I 'm Amazed '' number 347 on its `` 500 Greatest Songs of All Time '' list .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "86bf57bc69d4d76802a7e499d6e0431d", "text": "Another Passenger Another Passenger is singer-songwriter Carly Simon 's seventh album , and sixth studio album , released in 1976 . For this album , Simon enlisted a new producer , Ted Templeman , as well as his clients , The Doobie Brothers , to provide backing vocals .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6398f814b068c2983910c70a7a710a45", "text": "Jann Klose Jann Klose is a pop singer-songwriter , who has released five albums and two EPs . Klose was raised in Kenya , South Africa , Germany , and northeast Ohio . He is the singing voice of Tim Buckley in the movie Greetings from Tim Buckley , starring Penn Badgley and Imogen Poots , released by Focus Features and Tribeca Film . In an interview with Entertainment Tonight , Jann talks about guitarist and collaborator Gary Lucas recommending him to director Dan Algrant to sing in the movie . In January 2016 Gary and Jann released their album `` Stereopticon '' on the Cosmic Trigger imprint . His songs have been heard on the Grammy-nominated `` Healthy Food For Thought '' compilation as well as MTV Cribs and movies `` Dead Broke '' ( Warner Bros ) featuring Paul Sorvino , `` A Venue For The End Of The World '' featuring Dick Cavett and Ian Anderson . He has performed as an actor and singer in touring companies of Broadway musicals , including Jesus Christ Superstar , Jekyll & Hyde , and The Who 's Tommy . In 2005 , the off-Broadway production Moonlight Interior , a musical based on Klose 's music , premiered in New York City . He has periodically collaborated with members of classical rock group Renaissance and tours regularly in the U.S. and Europe . He has opened for or performed with a wide range of artists including Pat Benatar , John Oates of Hall and Oates , Suzanne Vega , Paula Cole , Annie Haslam , Brett Dennen , Ann Hampton Callaway , Liz Callaway , Rusted Root , Vonda Shepard , Gary Hoey , Jeffrey Gaines , Bret Michaels , Willy Porter , The Strawbs , Rosanne Cash , The Byrds ' Roger McGuinn , Marty Stuart , The Yardbirds ' Jim McCarty , Elliott Murphy , Pete Seeger and Les Paul .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9826f1bf29c98f19be51dea6a0bd1472", "text": "Lynsey de Paul Lynsey de Paul ( born Lyndsey Monckton Rubin ; 11 June 1948 -- 1 October 2014 ) was an English singer-songwriter . She had chart hits in the UK and Europe in the 1970s , starting with the single `` Sugar Me '' . She represented the UK in the Eurovision Song Contest and then had a successful career as a Ivor Novello Award-winning composer , actress and television celebrity .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dc1e4bd5b1d97311a50f0a6e7a852fce", "text": "Paul Clark (Christian musician) Paul Clark is a musician who was involved in the Jesus music movement and early contemporary Christian music industry . He was born in Kansas City and recorded his first album in 1971 , Songs from the Saviour Vol 1 . Its songs became one of the first signs of the growing `` Jesus Movement '' of the early 70s . He went on to record a further albums including Songs From The Savior - Volume Two , Come Into His Presence and Good To Be Home with Paul Clark and Friends ( including Phil Keaggy , Jay Truax , John Mehler , Bill speer , Mike Burhart , and more ) , then launched the well received , award-winning 1977 album Hand to the Plow . In 1978 he followed up with Change in the Wind and in 1980 with Aim for the Heart . These three albums had some jazz influences and were well-produced in the context of other Christian music of the time . Aim for the Heart featured Abraham Laboriel on bass along with Harlan Rogers , Hadley Hockensmith and Bill Maxwell and was certainly jazz influenced . Those four went on to become members of Koinonia jazz band from 1982 till about 1990 . Clark is recognized as one of the founding fathers of the Jesus Movement and the contemporary Christian music industry . During his 13-year association with Word Records in the 1970s and 1980s , Clark 's songwriting , record producing and performances placed him in the forefront along with artists like Phil Keaggy , 2nd Chapter of Acts , Love Song , Larry Norman , Andraé Crouch , Honeytree , Keith Green , Randy Stonehill , Barry McGuire , and many notable others . He is also interested in fine art photography and entering 2010 is currently working on two new CD projects and releasing two books .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "387fcba401b03eb8b8baeb6c7c1ac39c", "text": "All I Want Is You (Carly Simon song) `` All I Want Is You '' is the 4th and final single from Carly Simon 's 1987 album Coming Around Again . The song was co-written by Simon and frequent collaborator Jacob Brackman . The song is also featured on Simon 's 1988 album Greatest Hits Live . The song is one of Simon 's biggest latter period AC hits , and as a result is included on multiple compilations of her work , which include 1995 's 3-disc box set Clouds in My Coffee , the UK import The Very Best of Carly Simon : Nobody Does It Better , the 2-disc retrospective Anthology , 2004 's single disc Reflections : Carly Simon 's Greatest Hits , and 2014 's Playlist : The Very Best of Carly Simon . No music video existed for this song .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4fc96d02d405141413fdb8746883d416", "text": "Paul Simon in Concert Paul Simon in Concert dates from October 8 , 1980 , when singer-songwriter Paul Simon performed a concert at the Tower Theater outside Philadelphia as part of his One Trick Pony Tour . The concert was recorded and released as a VHS video under this name . This concert has also been widely bootlegged on CD due to the quality of the performances of classic Simon songs as well as now-rare live recordings of songs such as `` Jonah '' and `` Ace in the Hole '' from One-Trick Pony . In November 2003 , the recording was re-released on DVD with the title Live at the Tower Theatre . The original recording was reproduced in surround sound and the DVD 's extra features include biographies of the band members from the One Trick Pony film and soundtrack including Richard Tee and Eric Gale . Category :2003 video albums Category : Live video albums Category : Paul Simon albums Category :2003 live albums", "title": "" }, { "docid": "85c0a989f8ecab856a151eae25aee1e2", "text": "Hearts and Bones Hearts and Bones is the sixth solo studio album by Paul Simon . It was released in 1983 . The album was originally intended to be called Think Too Much , but Mo Ostin , president of Warner Bros. . Records , persuaded Simon to change it to Hearts and Bones . The album was written and recorded following Simon & Garfunkel 's The Concert in Central Park in 1981 , and the world tour of 1982-1983 . Several songs intended for Think Too Much were previewed on tour , and Art Garfunkel worked on some of the songs with Simon in the studio , with an intention that the finished product would be an all-new Simon & Garfunkel studio album . Garfunkel left the project and Simon worked the material into a solo album .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f93cc712f3136cf0d01990e77446611b", "text": "Golden Throats Golden Throats is Rhino Records ' series of humorous compilations of critically lambasted cover versions of songs , performed mostly either by celebrities known for something other than musical talent or musicians not known for the genre from which the song they are covering comes . For example , William Shatner sings ( or , more precisely , does a dramatic reading of the lyrics to ) `` Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds , '' Leonard Nimoy sings `` If I Had a Hammer , '' and Muhammad Ali sings `` Stand by Me . '' Other examples include the Bing Crosby cover of the Beatles ' `` Hey Jude '' and the Mel Tormé cover of Donovan 's `` Sunshine Superman , '' as both were rock songs being covered by musicians of an older generation . In most cases , the songs appear to be performed sincerely , rather than in a spirit of irony or intentional goofiness . In many respects , these albums were among the first to anthologize lounge music , with their focus on `` light '' versions of contemporary hits . The series ( of four albums ) was created and produced by long-time Rhino staffer Gary Peterson and pop culture historian Pat Sierchio . Each release contained liner notes penned by acclaimed music historian Irwin Chusid , and most featured original art by Drew Friedman . The cover art parodied well-known albums ( Sgt. Pepper 's Lonely Hearts Club Band , Their Satanic Majesties Request , Sweetheart Of The Rodeo , and the Beatles ' infamous `` butcher '' cover for Yesterday And Today ) . The notoriety of the series no doubt contributed to William Shatner 's decision to relaunch his musical career . There were a total of four albums in the series : They are : Golden Throats : The Great Celebrity Sing Off ( LP : 1988 ; CD : 1992 ) Golden Throats 2 : More Celebrity Rock Oddities ! ( 1991 ) Golden Throats 3 : Sweethearts of Rodeo Drive ( 1995 ) Golden Throats 4 : Celebrities Butcher the Beatles ( 1997 )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c2ffc8dea5447e290fcda6bde3659a54", "text": "Simons Simons is a surname . Notable people with the surname include : Alan Simons ( born 1968 ) , Welsh goalkeeper Alexandra Simons de Ridder ( born 1963 ) , German equestrian Algie Martin Simons ( ( 1870 -- 1950 ) , American socialist journalist , newspaper editor and political activist Andra Simons , Bermudian writer Ann Simons ( born 1980 ) , Belgian judoka Arthur D. Simons ( 1918 -- 1979 ) , U.S. Army Special Forces officer Barbara Simons ( born 1941 ) , American computer scientist Benjamin Simons , British theoretical physicist Billy Simons ( born 1983 ) , American singer Carlos Simons ( born 1954 ) , Turks and Caicos Islands lawyer Charles Simons ( 1906 -- 1979 ) , Belgian footballer Charles Casper Simons ( 1876 -- 1964 ) , American judge Charles Earl Simons , Jr. ( 1916 -- 1999 ) , American judge Charles-Mathias Simons ( 1802 -- 1874 ) , Luxembourg politician Claude Simons , Jr. ( 1914 -- 1975 ) , American college sports coach Claude Simons , Sr. ( 1887 -- 1943 ) , American college sports coach Daniel Simons ( born 1969 ) , American psychologist and cognitive scientist Dave Simons ( 1954 -- 2009 ) , American comic book artist David G. Simons ( 1922 -- 2010 ) , American physician and Airforce pilot Dot Simons ( 1912 -- 1996 ) , New Zealand sportswoman , sports journalist and writer Doug Simons ( born 1966 ) , American baseball pitcher Elwyn L. Simons ( born 1930 ) , American paleontologist Eric Simons ( born 1962 ) , South African cricketer Eva Simons ( born 1984 ) , Dutch singer-songwriter Geoff Simons 1939 -- 2011 ) , British freelance writer Heintje Simons ( born 1955 ) , Dutch singer and actor Hellmuth Simons ( 1893 -- 1969 ) , German bacteriologist Henry Calvert Simons ( 1899 -- 1948 ) , American economist Howard Simons ( 1929 -- 1989 ) , American journalist Hywel Simons ( born 1970 ) , Welsh actor Jack Simons ( 1882 -- 1948 ) , Australian businessman and politician James Harris Simons ( born 1938 ) , American mathematician and hedge fund-manager Jan Simons ( 1925 -- 2006 ) , Canadian baritone Jennifer Simons ( born 1953 ) , Surinamese politician Jesse Simons ( 1917 -- 2006 ) , American labor arbitrator Jim Simons ( 1950 -- 2005 ) , American professional golfer Joe Simons ( born 1947 ) , Dutch ice hockey player Johan Simons ( born 1946 ) , Dutch theatre director John Simons , British radio executive Jonathan Simons ( born 1958 ) , American physician and oncologist Jozef Simons ( 1888 -- 1948 ) , Flemish writer and poet Jud Simons ( 1904 -- 1943 ) , Dutch gymnast Keneth Alden Simons ( 1913 -- 2004 ) , American electrical engineer Kip Simons , American gymnast Margaret Simons ( born 1960 ) , Australian journalist and writer Marlise Simons , Dutch journalist for the New York Times Matt Simons , American singer-songwriter and musician May Wood Simons ( 1876 -- 1948 ) , American writer , teacher and socialist Mel Simons ( 1900 -- 1974 ) , American baseball player Menno Simons ( 1496 -- 1561 ) , Dutch Anabaptist Moisés Simons ( 1889 -- 1945 ) , Cuban composer Nancy Simons ( born 1938 ) , American swimmer Nicholas Simons , Canadian politician Netty Simons ( 1913 -- 1994 ) , American pianist , music editor , music educator and composer Nina Simons ( born 1957 ) , American businesswoman Paul E. Simons , American diplomat Paullina Simons ( born 1953 ) , Russian author Perla Simons ( born 1963 ) , Honduran politician Peter Simons ( born 1950 ) , British philosopher Peter D. Simons ( born 1964 ) , Canadian businessman Rachel Simons ( 1914 -- 2004 ) , South African communist and trade unionist Raf Simons ( born 1968 ) , Belgian fashion designer Regillio Simons ( born 1973 ) , Dutch footballer Renee Simons ( born 1972 ) , Canadian curler Richard D. Simons ( born 1927 ) , New York state judge Rita Simons ( born 1977 ) , English actress , singer and model Robert Simons ( 1922 -- 2011 ) , English cricketer Ronald C. Simons ( born 1935 ) , American psychiatrist and anthropologist Rosearik Rikki Simons ( born 1970 ) , American voice actor and writer Samuel Simons ( 1792 -- 1847 ) , American politician from Connecticut Seymour Simons ( 1896 -- 1949 ) , American pianist , composer , orchestra leader , and radio producer Shirley Simons ( 1897 -- 1963 ) , American architect Simeon Simons ( 1759 -- 1853 ) , Native American bodyguard of George Washington Simone Simons ( born 1985 ) , Dutch mezzo-soprano Sylvana Simons Timmy Simons ( born 1976 ) , Belgian footballer Walter Simons ( 1861 -- 1937 ) , German lawyer and politician William Simons ( born 1940 ) , Welsh actor", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1928f1cbc3daccc71597e120d5d9f627", "text": "Sung poetry Sung poetry is a broad and imprecise music genre widespread in European countries , such as Poland and the Baltic States , to describe songs consisting of a poem ( most often a ballad ) and music written specially for that text . The compositions usually feature a delicate melody and scarce musical background , often comprising a guitar or piano . Some sung poetry performers are singer-songwriters , others use known , published poems , or collaborate with contemporary writers . Artists of sung poetry include people of various occupations usually with little or no particular music education , as well as stage actors . Sung poetry shares much in common with the author 's song in Russia yet differs from it in a significant way : sung poetry performers often do not compose lyrics themselves . Similar artists in other countries are usually classified as bards , folk music or folk rock ( such as Jacques Brel , Lluís Llach , Ovidi Montllor , Georges Brassens , Léo Ferré , Bob Dylan , Simon and Garfunkel , Tom Waits , Leonard Cohen , Djordje Balasevic , Bulat Okudzhava , Vladimir Vysotsky , Paco Ibáñez ) , or chamber pop . Artists of other musical genres may or may not be included into sung poetry category . For instance Czesław Niemen whose many songs are based on works of esteemed Polish poets is usually regarded as either a rock or electronic musician . The common forms of expression are individual and collective public performances , festivals of sung poetry , publication of records online and release of music albums .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a9835b1b2170300dcd2cb79615f88787", "text": "One-Trick Pony (album) One-Trick Pony , Paul Simon 's fifth solo studio album , was released in 1980 . It was Simon 's first album for Warner Bros. . Records , and his first new studio album since 1975 's Still Crazy After All These Years . His back catalog from Columbia Records would also move to Warner Bros. as a result of his signing with the label . Paul Simon 's One-Trick Pony was released concurrently with the film of the same name , in which Simon also starred . Despite their similarities , the album and film are musically distinct : each features different versions of the same songs , as well as certain songs that appear exclusively on either the film or the album . The album is best known for the Grammy-nominated track `` Late in the Evening '' which was a hit for Simon in 1980 , peaking at # 6 in the United States . Two of the tracks ( the title song and `` Ace in the Hole '' ) were recorded live at the Agora Theatre and Ballroom in Cleveland , Ohio in September 1979 . The rest are studio cuts . A few of the session musicians appearing on the album also appeared in the movie as the character Jonah 's backing band : Eric Gale on lead guitar , Richard Tee on piano , Tony Levin on bass , and Steve Gadd on drums . In 2004 , One-Trick Pony was remastered and re-released by Warner Bros. . Records . This reissue contains four bonus tracks , including `` Soft Parachutes '' and `` Spiral Highway '' ( an early version of `` How the Heart Approaches What It Yearns '' ) both of which were featured in the film but were missing from the original album release . Also included in the re-release were the outtake of `` All Because of You '' ( an early version of `` Oh Marion '' ) and `` Stranded in a Limousine '' , which originally appeared on the 1977 compilation Greatest Hits , Etc. . .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "86f82ff1036ee16a006b5293365e29a7", "text": "Moonlight Serenade (Carly Simon album) Moonlight Serenade is an album by the American singer-songwriter Carly Simon . It is her 22nd studio album ( her 29th overall ) , and her fourth album of pop standards . Released on July 19 , 2005 by Columbia Records , Moonlight Serenade debuted at # 7 on the Billboard 200 , selling 58,000 copies in its first week , and remained on the chart for 10 weeks . It was Simon 's first US Top 10 album since Boys in the Trees ( 1978 ) . The album was produced by Richard Perry , with whom Simon had worked with in the 1970s on songs such as `` You 're So Vain '' . The album was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Traditional Pop Vocal Album .", "title": "" } ]	fever

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